1
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Gai Y, Gao N, Mou Z, Yang C, Wang L, Ji W, Gu T, Yu B, Wang C, Yu X, Gao F. Recapitulation of HIV-1 Neutralization Breadth in Plasma by the Combination of Two Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies from Different Lineages in the Same SHIV-Infected Rhesus Macaque. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7200. [PMID: 39000308 PMCID: PMC11240982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Viral infection generally induces polyclonal neutralizing antibody responses. However, how many lineages of antibody responses can fully represent the neutralization activities in sera has not been well studied. Using the newly designed stable HIV-1 Env trimer as hook, we isolated two distinct broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) from Chinese rhesus macaques infected with SHIV1157ipd3N4 for 5 years. One lineage of neutralizing antibodies (JT15 and JT16) targeted the V2-apex in the Env trimers, similar to the J038 lineage bnAbs identified in our previous study. The other lineage neutralizing antibody (JT18) targeted the V3 crown region in the Env, which strongly competed with human 447-52D. Each lineage antibody neutralized a different set of viruses. Interestingly, when the two neutralizing antibodies from different lineages isolated from the same macaque were combined, the mixture had a neutralization breath very similar to that from the cognate sera. Our study demonstrated that a minimum of two different neutralizing antibodies can fully recapitulate the serum neutralization breadth. This observation can have important implications in AIDS vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Gai
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Nan Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhaoyang Mou
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chumeng Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Libian Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Wanshan Ji
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tiejun Gu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xianghui Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering, The Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Feng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Institute of Molecular and Medical Virology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Key Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis & Infection Prevention and Control, Jinan University, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, China
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2
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Foglierini M, Nortier P, Schelling R, Winiger RR, Jacquet P, O'Dell S, Demurtas D, Mpina M, Lweno O, Muller YD, Petrovas C, Daubenberger C, Perreau M, Doria-Rose NA, Gottardo R, Perez L. RAIN: machine learning-based identification for HIV-1 bNAbs. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5339. [PMID: 38914562 PMCID: PMC11196741 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49676-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are promising candidates for the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infections. Despite their critical importance, automatic detection of HIV-1 bNAbs from immune repertoires is still lacking. Here, we develop a straightforward computational method for the Rapid Automatic Identification of bNAbs (RAIN) based on machine learning methods. In contrast to other approaches, which use one-hot encoding amino acid sequences or structural alignment for prediction, RAIN uses a combination of selected sequence-based features for the accurate prediction of HIV-1 bNAbs. We demonstrate the performance of our approach on non-biased, experimentally obtained and sequenced BCR repertoires from HIV-1 immune donors. RAIN processing leads to the successful identification of distinct HIV-1 bNAbs targeting the CD4-binding site of the envelope glycoprotein. In addition, we validate the identified bNAbs using an in vitro neutralization assay and we solve the structure of one of them in complex with the soluble native-like heterotrimeric envelope glycoprotein by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Overall, we propose a method to facilitate and accelerate HIV-1 bNAbs discovery from non-selected immune repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Foglierini
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Human Immunology, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Biomedical Data Science Centre, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pauline Nortier
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Human Immunology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Schelling
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Human Immunology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rahel R Winiger
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Human Immunology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Jacquet
- Scientific Computing and Research Support Unit, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sijy O'Dell
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Davide Demurtas
- Interdisciplinary center of electron microscopy, CIME, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Omar Lweno
- Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Yannick D Muller
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Centre for Human Immunology, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Daubenberger
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Infection Biology, Clinical Immunology Unit, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthieu Perreau
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicole A Doria-Rose
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Biomedical Data Science Centre, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Perez
- Department of Medicine, Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Centre for Human Immunology, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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3
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Del Moral-Sánchez I, Wee EG, Xian Y, Lee WH, Allen JD, Torrents de la Peña A, Fróes Rocha R, Ferguson J, León AN, Koekkoek S, Schermer EE, Burger JA, Kumar S, Zwolsman R, Brinkkemper M, Aartse A, Eggink D, Han J, Yuan M, Crispin M, Ozorowski G, Ward AB, Wilson IA, Hanke T, Sliepen K, Sanders RW. Triple tandem trimer immunogens for HIV-1 and influenza nucleic acid-based vaccines. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:74. [PMID: 38582771 PMCID: PMC10998906 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Recombinant native-like HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimers are used in candidate vaccines aimed at inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies. While state-of-the-art SOSIP or single-chain Env designs can be expressed as native-like trimers, undesired monomers, dimers and malformed trimers that elicit non-neutralizing antibodies are also formed, implying that these designs could benefit from further modifications for gene-based vaccination approaches. Here, we describe the triple tandem trimer (TTT) design, in which three Env protomers are genetically linked in a single open reading frame and express as native-like trimers. Viral vectored Env TTT induced similar neutralization titers but with a higher proportion of trimer-specific responses. The TTT design was also applied to generate influenza hemagglutinin (HA) trimers without the need for trimerization domains. Additionally, we used TTT to generate well-folded chimeric Env and HA trimers that harbor protomers from three different strains. In summary, the TTT design is a useful platform for the design of HIV-1 Env and influenza HA immunogens for a multitude of vaccination strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Del Moral-Sánchez
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edmund G Wee
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Yuejiao Xian
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Wen-Hsin Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Joel D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Alba Torrents de la Peña
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rebeca Fróes Rocha
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - James Ferguson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - André N León
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sylvie Koekkoek
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Edith E Schermer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Judith A Burger
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Robby Zwolsman
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mitch Brinkkemper
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aafke Aartse
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, Netherlands
| | - Dirk Eggink
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julianna Han
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Meng Yuan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Max Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tomáš Hanke
- The Jenner Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Joint Research Center for Human Retrovirus Infection, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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4
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Joshi VR, Claiborne DT, Pack ML, Power KA, Newman RM, Batorsky R, Bean DJ, Goroff MS, Lingwood D, Seaman MS, Rosenberg E, Allen TM. A VRC13-like bNAb response is associated with complex escape pathways in HIV-1 envelope. J Virol 2024; 98:e0172023. [PMID: 38412036 PMCID: PMC10949433 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01720-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The rational design of HIV-1 immunogens to trigger the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) requires understanding the viral evolutionary pathways influencing this process. An acute HIV-1-infected individual exhibiting >50% plasma neutralization breadth developed neutralizing antibody specificities against the CD4-binding site (CD4bs) and V1V2 regions of Env gp120. Comparison of pseudoviruses derived from early and late autologous env sequences demonstrated the development of >2 log resistance to VRC13 but not to other CD4bs-specific bNAbs. Mapping studies indicated that the V3 and CD4-binding loops of Env gp120 contributed significantly to developing resistance to the autologous neutralizing response and that the CD4-binding loop (CD4BL) specifically was responsible for the developing resistance to VRC13. Tracking viral evolution during the development of this cross-neutralizing CD4bs response identified amino acid substitutions arising at only 4 of 11 known VRC13 contact sites (K282, T283, K421, and V471). However, each of these mutations was external to the V3 and CD4BL regions conferring resistance to VRC13 and was transient in nature. Rather, complete resistance to VRC13 was achieved through the cooperative expression of a cluster of single amino acid changes within and immediately adjacent to the CD4BL, including a T359I substitution, exchange of a potential N-linked glycosylation (PNLG) site to residue S362 from N363, and a P369L substitution. Collectively, our data characterize complex HIV-1 env evolution in an individual developing resistance to a VRC13-like neutralizing antibody response and identify novel VRC13-associated escape mutations that may be important to inducing VRC13-like bNAbs for lineage-based immunogens.IMPORTANCEThe pursuit of eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) through vaccination and their use as therapeutics remains a significant focus in the effort to eradicate HIV-1. Key to our understanding of this approach is a more extensive understanding of bNAb contact sites and susceptible escape mutations in HIV-1 envelope (env). We identified a broad neutralizer exhibiting VRC13-like responses, a non-germline restricted class of CD4-binding site antibody distinct from the well-studied VRC01-class. Through longitudinal envelope sequencing and Env-pseudotyped neutralization assays, we characterized a complex escape pathway requiring the cooperative evolution of four amino acid changes to confer complete resistance to VRC13. This suggests that VRC13-class bNAbs may be refractory to rapid escape and attractive for therapeutic applications. Furthermore, the identification of longitudinal viral changes concomitant with the development of neutralization breadth may help identify the viral intermediates needed for the maturation of VRC13-like responses and the design of lineage-based immunogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinita R. Joshi
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Virus Immunology, Leibniz Institute of Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel T. Claiborne
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melissa L. Pack
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karen A. Power
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ruchi M. Newman
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Batorsky
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David J. Bean
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew S. Goroff
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Lingwood
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael S. Seaman
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Rosenberg
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Todd M. Allen
- Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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5
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Perez L, Foglierini M. RAIN: a Machine Learning-based identification for HIV-1 bNAbs. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4023897. [PMID: 38903123 PMCID: PMC11188109 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4023897/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are promising candidates for the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. Despite their critical importance, automatic detection of HIV-1 bNAbs from immune repertoire is still lacking. Here, we developed a straightforward computational method for Rapid Automatic Identification of bNAbs (RAIN) based on Machine Learning methods. In contrast to other approaches using one-hot encoding amino acid sequences or structural alignment for prediction, RAIN uses a combination of selected sequence-based features for accurate prediction of HIV-1 bNAbs. We demonstrate the performance of our approach on non-biased, experimentally obtained sequenced BCR repertoires from HIV-1 immune donors. RAIN processing leads to the successful identification of novel HIV-1 bNAbs targeting the CD4-binding site of the envelope glycoprotein. In addition, we validate the identified bNAbs using in vitro neutralization assay and we solve the structure of one of them in complex with the soluble native-like heterotrimeric envelope glycoprotein by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). Overall, we propose a method to facilitate and accelerate HIV-1 bNAbs discovery from non-selected immune repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Perez
- Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mathilde Foglierini
- Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Wieczorek L, Sanders-Buell E, Zemil M, Lewitus E, Kavusak E, Heller J, Molnar S, Rao M, Smith G, Bose M, Nguyen A, Dhungana A, Okada K, Parisi K, Silas D, Slike B, Ganesan A, Okulicz J, Lalani T, Agan BK, Crowell TA, Darden J, Rolland M, Vasan S, Ake J, Krebs SJ, Peel S, Tovanabutra S, Polonis VR. Evolution of HIV-1 envelope towards reduced neutralization sensitivity, as demonstrated by contemporary HIV-1 subtype B from the United States. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011780. [PMID: 38055771 PMCID: PMC10727358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Subtype B HIV-1 has been the primary driver of the HIV-1 epidemic in the United States (U.S.) for over forty years and is also a prominent subtype in the Americas, Europe, Australia, the Middle East and North Africa. In this study, the neutralization profiles of contemporary subtype B Envs from the U.S. were assessed to characterize changes in neutralization sensitivities over time. We generated a panel of 30 contemporary pseudoviruses (PSVs) and demonstrated continued diversification of subtype B Env from the 1980s up to 2018. Neutralization sensitivities of the contemporary subtype B PSVs were characterized using 31 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and were compared with strains from earlier in the HIV-1 pandemic. A significant reduction in Env neutralization sensitivity was observed for 27 out of 31 NAbs for the contemporary as compared to earlier-decade subtype B PSVs. A decline in neutralization sensitivity was observed across all Env domains; the NAbs that were most potent early in the pandemic suffered the greatest decline in potency over time. A meta-analysis demonstrated this trend across multiple subtypes. As HIV-1 Env diversification continues, changes in Env antigenicity and neutralization sensitivity should continue to be evaluated to inform the development of improved vaccine and antibody products to prevent and treat HIV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Wieczorek
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eric Sanders-Buell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michelle Zemil
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Eric Lewitus
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Erin Kavusak
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jonah Heller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sebastian Molnar
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mekhala Rao
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Gabriel Smith
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Meera Bose
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Amy Nguyen
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adwitiya Dhungana
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Katherine Okada
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kelly Parisi
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Daniel Silas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Bonnie Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Anuradha Ganesan
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jason Okulicz
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Tahaniyat Lalani
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Brian K. Agan
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Trevor A. Crowell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Janice Darden
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Morgane Rolland
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Julie Ake
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sheila Peel
- Diagnostics and Countermeasures Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sodsai Tovanabutra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Victoria R. Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
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7
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Molinos-Albert LM, Baquero E, Bouvin-Pley M, Lorin V, Charre C, Planchais C, Dimitrov JD, Monceaux V, Vos M, Hocqueloux L, Berger JL, Seaman MS, Braibant M, Avettand-Fenoël V, Sáez-Cirión A, Mouquet H. Anti-V1/V3-glycan broadly HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies in a post-treatment controller. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1275-1287.e8. [PMID: 37433296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) can decrease viremia but are usually unable to counteract autologous viruses escaping the antibody pressure. Nonetheless, bNAbs may contribute to natural HIV-1 control in individuals off antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here, we describe a bNAb B cell lineage elicited in a post-treatment controller (PTC) that exhibits broad seroneutralization and show that a representative antibody from this lineage, EPTC112, targets a quaternary epitope in the glycan-V3 loop supersite of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. The cryo-EM structure of EPTC112 complexed with soluble BG505 SOSIP.664 envelope trimers revealed interactions with N301- and N156-branched N-glycans and the 324GDIR327 V3 loop motif. Although the sole contemporaneous virus circulating in this PTC was resistant to EPTC112, it was potently neutralized by autologous plasma IgG antibodies. Our findings illuminate how cross-neutralizing antibodies can alter the HIV-1 infection course in PTCs and may control viremia off-ART, supporting their role in functional HIV-1 cure strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M Molinos-Albert
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, Paris 75015, France
| | - Eduard Baquero
- NanoImaging Core Facility, Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (C2RT), Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | | | - Valérie Lorin
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, Paris 75015, France
| | - Caroline Charre
- Université Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris 75014, France; INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; AP-HP, Service de Virologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France
| | - Cyril Planchais
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, Paris 75015, France
| | - Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris 75006, France
| | - Valérie Monceaux
- Viral Reservoirs and Immune control Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris 75015, France; HIV, Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris 75015, France
| | - Matthijn Vos
- NanoImaging Core Facility, Centre de Ressources et Recherches Technologiques (C2RT), Université Paris Cité, Institut Pasteur, Paris 75015, France
| | - Laurent Hocqueloux
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Orléans La Source, Orléans 45067, France
| | - Jean-Luc Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Reims University Hospital, Reims 51100, France
| | | | | | - Véronique Avettand-Fenoël
- Université Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris 75014, France; INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Institut Cochin, Paris 75014, France; AP-HP, Service de Virologie, Hôpital Cochin, Paris 75014, France
| | - Asier Sáez-Cirión
- Viral Reservoirs and Immune control Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris 75015, France; HIV, Inflammation and Persistence Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris 75015, France
| | - Hugo Mouquet
- Humoral Immunology Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM U1222, Paris 75015, France.
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8
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Tebas P, Lynn K, Azzoni L, Cocchella G, Papasavvas E, Fair M, Karanam B, Sharma P, Reeves JD, Petropoulos CJ, Lalley-Chareczko L, Kostman JR, Short W, Mounzer K, Montaner LJ. Susceptibility to 3BNC117 and 10-1074 in ART suppressed chronically infected persons. AIDS 2023; 37:1203-1207. [PMID: 37070542 PMCID: PMC10567989 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the susceptibility of HIV to two HIV monoclonal antibodies (bnAbs), 3BNC117 and 10-1074, in individuals with chronically antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppressed HIV infection. DESIGN The susceptibility of bnAbs was determined using the PhenoSense mAb Assay, which is a cell-based infectivity assay designed to assess the susceptibility of luciferase-reporter pseudovirions. This assay is the only Clinical Laboratory Improvement Ammendment (CLIA)/College of American Pathologist (CAP) compliant screening test specifically developed for evaluating bnAb susceptibility in people with HIV infection. METHOD The susceptibility of luciferase-reporter pseudovirions, derived from HIV-1 envelope proteins obtained from peripheral bloodmononuclear cells of 61 ART-suppressed individuals, to 3BNC117 and 10-1074 bnAbs was assessed using the PhenoSense mAb assay. Susceptibility was defined as an IC 90 of <2.0 μg/ml and 1.5 μg/ml for 3BNC117 and 10-1074, respectively. RESULTS About half of the individuals who were chronically infected and virologically suppressed were found to harbor virus with reduced susceptibility to one or both of the tested bnAbs. CONCLUSIONS The reduced combined susceptibility of 3BNC117 and 10-1074 highlights a potential limitation of using only two bnAbs for pre-exposure prophylaxis or treatment. Further studies are needed to define and validate the clinical correlates of bnAb susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jay R Kostman
- John Bell Health Center, Philadelphia Field Initiating Group for HIV-1 Trials, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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9
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Chen CW, Saubi N, Kilpeläinen A, Joseph-Munné J. Chimeric Human Papillomavirus-16 Virus-like Particles Presenting P18I10 and T20 Peptides from HIV-1 Envelope Induce HPV16 and HIV-1-Specific Humoral and T Cell-Mediated Immunity in BALB/c Mice. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 11:vaccines11010015. [PMID: 36679860 PMCID: PMC9861546 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the HIV-1 P18I10 CTL peptide derived from the V3 loop of HIV-1 gp120 and the T20 anti-fusion peptide of HIV-1 gp41 were inserted into the HPV16 L1 capsid protein to construct chimeric HPV:HIV (L1:P18I10 and L1:T20) VLPs by using the mammalian cell expression system. The HPV:HIV VLPs were purified by chromatography. We demonstrated that the insertion of P18I10 or T20 peptides into the DE loop of HPV16 L1 capsid proteins did not affect in vitro stability, self-assembly and morphology of chimeric HPV:HIV VLPs. Importantly, it did not interfere either with the HIV-1 antibody reactivity targeting sequential and conformational P18I10 and T20 peptides presented on chimeric HPV:HIV VLPs or with the induction of HPV16 L1-specific antibodies in vivo. We observed that chimeric L1:P18I10/L1:T20 VLPs vaccines could induce HPV16- but weak HIV-1-specific antibody responses and elicited HPV16- and HIV-1-specific T-cell responses in BALB/c mice. Moreover, could be a potential booster to increase HIV-specific cellular responses in the heterologous immunization after priming with rBCG.HIVA vaccine. This research work would contribute a step towards the development of the novel chimeric HPV:HIV VLP-based vaccine platform for controlling HPV16 and HIV-1 infection, which is urgently needed in developing and industrialized countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Narcís Saubi
- Respiratory Viruses Unit, Virology Section, Microbiology Department, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Athina Kilpeläinen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Vall d’Hebron Research Institute, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Joseph-Munné
- Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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10
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Reiss EIMM, van Haaren MM, van Schooten J, Claireaux MAF, Maisonnasse P, Antanasijevic A, Allen JD, Bontjer I, Torres JL, Lee WH, Ozorowski G, Vázquez Bernat N, Kaduk M, Aldon Y, Burger JA, Chawla H, Aartse A, Tolazzi M, Gao H, Mundsperger P, Crispin M, Montefiori DC, Karlsson Hedestam GB, Scarlatti G, Ward AB, Le Grand R, Shattock R, Dereuddre-Bosquet N, Sanders RW, van Gils MJ. Fine-mapping the immunodominant antibody epitopes on consensus sequence-based HIV-1 envelope trimer vaccine candidates. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:152. [PMID: 36433972 PMCID: PMC9700725 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer is the key target for vaccines aimed at inducing neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against HIV-1. The clinical candidate immunogen ConM SOSIP.v7 is a stabilized native-like HIV-1 Env trimer based on an artificial consensus sequence of all HIV-1 isolates in group M. In preclinical studies ConM SOSIP.v7 trimers induced strong autologous NAb responses in non-human primates (NHPs). To fine-map these responses, we isolated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from six cynomolgus macaques that were immunized three times with ConM SOSIP.v7 protein and boosted twice with the closely related ConSOSL.UFO.664 immunogen. A total of 40 ConM and/or ConS-specific mAbs were isolated, of which 18 were retrieved after the three ConM SOSIP.v7 immunizations and 22 after the two immunizations with ConSOSL.UFO.664. 22 mAbs (55%) neutralized the ConM and/or ConS virus. Cross-neutralization of ConS virus by approximately one-third of the mAbs was seen prior to ConSOSL.UFO.664 immunization, albeit with modest potency. Neutralizing antibodies predominantly targeted the V1 and V2 regions of the immunogens, with an apparent extension towards the V3 region. Thus, the V1V2V3 region is immunodominant in the potent NAb response elicited by two consensus sequence native-like HIV-1 Env immunogens. Immunization with these soluble consensus Env proteins also elicited non-neutralizing mAbs targeting the trimer base. These results inform the use and improvement of consensus-based trimer immunogens in combinatorial vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I M M Reiss
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M M van Haaren
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J van Schooten
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M A F Claireaux
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P Maisonnasse
- Université Paris-Saclay - CEA - INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - A Antanasijevic
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J D Allen
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - I Bontjer
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J L Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - W-H Lee
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - G Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N Vázquez Bernat
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Kaduk
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Aldon
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J A Burger
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Chawla
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A Aartse
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Virology, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Rijswijk, the Netherlands
| | - M Tolazzi
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - H Gao
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - P Mundsperger
- Polymun Scientific Immunbiologische Forschung GmbH, Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - M Crispin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - D C Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - G B Karlsson Hedestam
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Scarlatti
- Viral Evolution and Transmission Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - A B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, Scripps Consortium for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development (CHAVD), The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - R Le Grand
- Université Paris-Saclay - CEA - INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - R Shattock
- Division of Mucosal Infection and Immunity, Department of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, UK
| | - N Dereuddre-Bosquet
- Université Paris-Saclay - CEA - INSERM U1184, Center for Immunology of Viral, Auto-immune, Hematological and Bacterial diseases (IMVA-HB/IDMIT), Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - R W Sanders
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - M J van Gils
- Amsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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11
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Identification of IOMA-class neutralizing antibodies targeting the CD4-binding site on the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4515. [PMID: 35922441 PMCID: PMC9349188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32208-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A major goal of current HIV-1 vaccine design efforts is to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The VH1-2-derived bNAb IOMA directed to the CD4-binding site of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is of interest because, unlike the better-known VH1-2-derived VRC01-class bNAbs, it does not require a rare short light chain complementarity-determining region 3 (CDRL3). Here, we describe three IOMA-class NAbs, ACS101-103, with up to 37% breadth, that share many characteristics with IOMA, including an average-length CDRL3. Cryo-electron microscopy revealed that ACS101 shares interactions with those observed with other VH1-2 and VH1-46-class bNAbs, but exhibits a unique binding mode to residues in loop D. Analysis of longitudinal sequences from the patient suggests that a transmitter/founder-virus lacking the N276 glycan might have initiated the development of these NAbs. Together these data strengthen the rationale for germline-targeting vaccination strategies to induce IOMA-class bNAbs and provide a wealth of sequence and structural information to support such strategies.
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12
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Welles HC, King HAD, Nettey L, Cavett N, Gorman J, Zhou T, Tsybovsky Y, Du R, Song K, Nguyen R, Ambrozak D, Ransier A, Schramm CA, Doria-Rose NA, Swanstrom AE, Hoxie JA, LaBranche C, Montefiori DC, Douek DC, Kwong PD, Mascola JR, Roederer M, Mason RD. Broad coverage of neutralization-resistant SIV strains by second-generation SIV-specific antibodies targeting the region involved in binding CD4. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010574. [PMID: 35709309 PMCID: PMC9242510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both SIV and SHIV are powerful tools for evaluating antibody-mediated prevention and treatment of HIV-1. However, owing to a lack of rhesus-derived SIV broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs), testing of bnAbs for HIV-1 prevention or treatment has thus far been performed exclusively in the SHIV NHP model using bnAbs from HIV-1-infected individuals. Here we describe the isolation and characterization of multiple rhesus-derived SIV bnAbs capable of neutralizing most isolates of SIV. Eight antibodies belonging to two clonal families, ITS102 and ITS103, which target unique epitopes in the CD4 binding site (CD4bs) region, were found to be broadly neutralizing and together neutralized all SIV strains tested. A rare feature of these bnAbs and two additional antibody families, ITS92 and ITS101, which mediate strain-specific neutralizing activity against SIV from sooty mangabeys (SIVsm), was their ability to achieve near complete (i.e. 100%) neutralization of moderately and highly neutralization-resistant SIV. Overall, these newly identified SIV bnAbs highlight the potential for evaluating HIV-1 prophylactic and therapeutic interventions using fully simian, rhesus-derived bnAbs in the SIV NHP model, thereby circumventing issues related to rapid antibody clearance of human-derived antibodies, Fc mismatch and limited genetic diversity of SHIV compared to SIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh C. Welles
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Hannah A. D. King
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Leonard Nettey
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicole Cavett
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jason Gorman
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Tongqing Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Yaroslav Tsybovsky
- Vaccine Research Center Electron Microscopy Unit, Cancer Research Technology Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Renguang Du
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kaimei Song
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Richard Nguyen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Ambrozak
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Amy Ransier
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Chaim A. Schramm
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Nicole A. Doria-Rose
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Adrienne E. Swanstrom
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James A. Hoxie
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Celia LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rosemarie D. Mason
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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13
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Lorin V, Fernández I, Masse-Ranson G, Bouvin-Pley M, Molinos-Albert LM, Planchais C, Hieu T, Péhau-Arnaudet G, Hrebík D, Girelli-Zubani G, Fiquet O, Guivel-Benhassine F, Sanders RW, Walker BD, Schwartz O, Scheid JF, Dimitrov JD, Plevka P, Braibant M, Seaman MS, Bontems F, Di Santo JP, Rey FA, Mouquet H. Epitope convergence of broadly HIV-1 neutralizing IgA and IgG antibody lineages in a viremic controller. J Exp Med 2022; 219:213042. [PMID: 35230385 PMCID: PMC8932546 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Decrypting the B cell ontogeny of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is paramount for vaccine design. Here, we characterized IgA and IgG bNAbs of three distinct B cell lineages in a viremic controller, two of which comprised only IgG+ or IgA+ blood memory B cells; the third combined both IgG and IgA clonal variants. 7-269 bNAb in the IgA-only lineage displayed the highest neutralizing capacity despite limited somatic mutation, and delayed viral rebound in humanized mice. bNAbs in all three lineages targeted the N332 glycan supersite. The 2.8-Å resolution cryo-EM structure of 7-269-BG505 SOSIP.664 complex showed a similar pose as 2G12, on an epitope mainly composed of sugar residues comprising the N332 and N295 glycans. Binding and cryo-EM structural analyses showed that antibodies from the two other lineages interact mostly with glycans N332 and N386. Hence, multiple B cell lineages of IgG and IgA bNAbs focused on a unique HIV-1 site of vulnerability can codevelop in HIV-1 viremic controllers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Lorin
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1222, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Ignacio Fernández
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Centre national de la recherche scientifique URA3015, Paris, France
| | - Guillemette Masse-Ranson
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Bouvin-Pley
- Université de Tours, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1259, Tours, France
| | - Luis M Molinos-Albert
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1222, Paris, France
| | - Cyril Planchais
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1222, Paris, France
| | - Thierry Hieu
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1222, Paris, France
| | - Gérard Péhau-Arnaudet
- Imagopole, Plate-Forme de Microscopie Ultrastructurale and UMR 3528, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Dominik Hrebík
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Giulia Girelli-Zubani
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Oriane Fiquet
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Florence Guivel-Benhassine
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique URA3015, Paris, France.,Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Bruce D Walker
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA.,Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA
| | - Olivier Schwartz
- Centre national de la recherche scientifique URA3015, Paris, France.,Virus and Immunity Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Johannes F Scheid
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Jordan D Dimitrov
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pavel Plevka
- Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martine Braibant
- Université de Tours, Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1259, Tours, France
| | | | - François Bontems
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - James P Di Santo
- Innate Immunity Unit, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1223, Paris, France
| | - Félix A Rey
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Centre national de la recherche scientifique URA3015, Paris, France
| | - Hugo Mouquet
- Laboratory of Humoral Immunology, Department of Immunology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale U1222, Paris, France
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14
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High thermostability improves neutralizing antibody responses induced by native-like HIV-1 envelope trimers. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:27. [PMID: 35228534 PMCID: PMC8885667 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00446-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Soluble HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) immunogens are a prime constituent of candidate vaccines designed to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies. Several lines of evidence suggest that enhancing Env immunogen thermostability can improve neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses. Here, we generated BG505 SOSIP.v9 trimers, which displayed virtually no reactivity with non-neutralizing antibodies and showed increased global and epitope thermostability, compared to previous BG505 SOSIP versions. Chemical crosslinking of BG505 SOSIP.v9 further increased the melting temperature to 91.3 °C, which is almost 25 °C higher than that of the prototype SOSIP.664 trimer. Next, we compared the immunogenicity of a palette of BG505-based SOSIP trimers with a gradient of thermostabilities in rabbits. We also included SOSIP.v9 proteins in which a strain-specific immunodominant epitope was masked by glycans to redirect the NAb response to other subdominant epitopes. We found that increased trimer thermostability correlated with increased potency and consistency of the autologous NAb response. Furthermore, glycan masking steered the NAb response to subdominant epitopes without decreasing the potency of the autologous NAb response. In summary, SOSIP.v9 trimers and their glycan masked versions represent an improved platform for HIV-1 Env based vaccination strategies.
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15
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Kleinman AJ, Pandrea I, Apetrei C. So Pathogenic or So What?-A Brief Overview of SIV Pathogenesis with an Emphasis on Cure Research. Viruses 2022; 14:135. [PMID: 35062339 PMCID: PMC8781889 DOI: 10.3390/v14010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV infection requires lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) to control disease progression. Although ART has greatly extended the life expectancy of persons living with HIV (PWH), PWH nonetheless suffer from an increase in AIDS-related and non-AIDS related comorbidities resulting from HIV pathogenesis. Thus, an HIV cure is imperative to improve the quality of life of PWH. In this review, we discuss the origins of various SIV strains utilized in cure and comorbidity research as well as their respective animal species used. We briefly detail the life cycle of HIV and describe the pathogenesis of HIV/SIV and the integral role of chronic immune activation and inflammation on disease progression and comorbidities, with comparisons between pathogenic infections and nonpathogenic infections that occur in natural hosts of SIVs. We further discuss the various HIV cure strategies being explored with an emphasis on immunological therapies and "shock and kill".
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J. Kleinman
- Division of Infectious Diseases, DOM, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
| | - Ivona Pandrea
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Cristian Apetrei
- Division of Infectious Diseases, DOM, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
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16
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Nyanhete TE, Edwards RJ, LaBranche CC, Mansouri K, Eaton A, Dennison SM, Saunders KO, Goodman D, Janowska K, Spreng RL, Zhang L, Mudrak SV, Hope TJ, Hora B, Bradley T, Georgiev IS, Montefiori DC, Acharya P, Tomaras GD. Polyclonal Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Activity Characterized by CD4 Binding Site and V3-Glycan Antibodies in a Subset of HIV-1 Virus Controllers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670561. [PMID: 35003053 PMCID: PMC8733328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), known to mediate immune control of HIV-1 infection, only develop in a small subset of HIV-1 infected individuals. Despite being traditionally associated with patients with high viral loads, bNAbs have also been observed in therapy naïve HIV-1+ patients naturally controlling virus replication [Virus Controllers (VCs)]. Thus, dissecting the bNAb response in VCs will provide key information about what constitutes an effective humoral response to natural HIV-1 infection. In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env). The polyclonal antiviral antibody (Ab) response also included antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis of clade AE, B and C viruses, consistent with both the Fv and Fc domain contributing to function. Sequence analysis of envs from one of the VCs revealed features consistent with potential immune pressure and virus escape from V3-glycan targeting bNAbs. Epitope mapping of the polyclonal bNAb response in VCs with bNAb activity highlighted the presence of gp120-gp41 interface and CD4bs antibody classes with similar binding profiles to known potent bNAbs. Thus, these findings reveal the induction of a broad and polyfunctional humoral response in VCs in response to natural HIV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinashe E. Nyanhete
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Robert J. Edwards
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Celia C. LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Katayoun Mansouri
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Amanda Eaton
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - S. Moses Dennison
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Kevin O. Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Derrick Goodman
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Katarzyna Janowska
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Rachel L. Spreng
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Lu Zhang
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Sarah V. Mudrak
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Thomas J. Hope
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bhavna Hora
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Todd Bradley
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Ivelin S. Georgiev
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Priyamvada Acharya
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Georgia D. Tomaras
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
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17
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Griffith SA, McCoy LE. To bnAb or Not to bnAb: Defining Broadly Neutralising Antibodies Against HIV-1. Front Immunol 2021; 12:708227. [PMID: 34737737 PMCID: PMC8560739 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.708227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery, antibodies capable of broad neutralisation have been at the forefront of HIV-1 research and are of particular interest due to in vivo passive transfer studies demonstrating their potential to provide protection. Currently an exact definition of what is required for a monoclonal antibody to be classed as a broadly neutralising antibody (bnAb) has not yet been established. This has led to hundreds of antibodies with varying neutralisation breadth being studied and has given insight into antibody maturation pathways and epitopes targeted. However, even with this knowledge, immunisation studies and vaccination trials to date have had limited success in eliciting antibodies with neutralisation breadth. For this reason there is a growing need to identify factors specifically associated with bnAb development, yet to do this a set of criteria is necessary to distinguish bnAbs from non-bnAbs. This review aims to define what it means to be a HIV-1 bnAb by comparing neutralisation breadth, genetic features and epitopes of bnAbs, and in the process highlights the challenges of comparing the array of antibodies that have been isolated over the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Griffith
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Laura E McCoy
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Miner MD, Corey L, Montefiori D. Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies for HIV prevention. J Int AIDS Soc 2021; 24 Suppl 7:e25829. [PMID: 34806308 PMCID: PMC8606861 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The last 12 years have seen remarkable progress in the isolation and characterization of at least five different epitope classes of HIV-specific broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). Detailed analyses of these bnAb lineages, maturation pathways and epitopes have created new opportunities for vaccine development. In addition, interest exists in passive administration of monoclonal antibodies as a viable option for HIV prevention. DISCUSSION Recently, two antibody-mediated prevention (AMP) trials of a passively administered monoclonal antibody targeting the HIV envelope CD4 binding site, called VRC01, provided proof-of-concept that monoclonal antibody infusion could offer protection against HIV acquisition. While the trials failed to show overall protection against HIV acquisition, sub-analyses revealed that VRC01 infusion provided a 75% prevention efficacy against HIV strains that were susceptible to the antibody. The study also demonstrated that in vitro neutralizing activity, measured by the TZM-bl/pseudovirus assay, was able to predict HIV prevention efficacy in humans. In addition, the AMP trials defined a threshold protective concentration, or neutralization titer, for the VRC01 class of bnAbs, explaining the observed low overall efficacy and serving as a benchmark for the clinical testing of new bnAbs, bnAb cocktails and neutralizing antibody-inducing vaccines. Newer bnAbs that exhibit greater potency and breadth of neutralization in vitro than VRC01 are available for clinical testing. Combinations of best-in-class bnAbs with complementary magnitude, breadth and extent of complete neutralization are predicted to far exceed the prevention efficacy of VRC01. Some engineered bi- and trispecific mAbs exhibit similar desirable neutralizing activity and afford advantages for manufacturing and delivery. Modifications that prolong the serum half-life and improve genital tissue persistence offer additional advantages. CONCLUSIONS Iterative phase 1 trials are acquiring safety and pharmacokinetic data on dual and triple bnAbs and bi- and trispecific antibodies in preparation for future AMP studies that seek to translate findings from the VRC01 efficacy trials and achieve acceptable levels of overall prevention efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurine D. Miner
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Lawrence Corey
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease DivisionFred Hutchinson Cancer Research CenterSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - David Montefiori
- Department of Surgery and Duke Human Vaccine InstituteDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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19
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Mahomed S, Garrett N, Baxter C, Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS. Clinical Trials of Broadly Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention: A Review. J Infect Dis 2021; 223:370-380. [PMID: 32604408 PMCID: PMC8508778 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Passive immunization with broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) is a promising approach to reduce the 1.7 million annual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections globally. Early studies on bnAbs showed safety in humans, but short elimination half-lives and low potency and breadth. Since 2010, several new highly potent bnAbs have been assessed in clinical trials alone or in combination for HIV prevention. Published data indicate that these bnAbs are safe and have a half-life ranging from 15 to 71 days. Only intravenous VRC01 has advanced to an efficacy trial, with results expected in late 2020. If bnAbs are shown to be effective in preventing HIV infection, they could fast-track vaccine development as correlates of protection, and contribute as passive immunization to achieving the goal of epidemic control. The purpose of the current review is to describe the current status and provide a synopsis of the available data on bnAbs in clinical trials for HIV prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharana Mahomed
- CAPRISA, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
| | - Nigel Garrett
- CAPRISA, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Cheryl Baxter
- CAPRISA, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
| | - Quarraisha Abdool Karim
- CAPRISA, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columba University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Salim S Abdool Karim
- CAPRISA, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa.,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columba University, New York, New York, USA
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20
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Phelps M, Balazs AB. Contribution to HIV Prevention and Treatment by Antibody-Mediated Effector Function and Advances in Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Delivery by Vectored Immunoprophylaxis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:734304. [PMID: 34603314 PMCID: PMC8479175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting the viral envelope have shown significant promise in both HIV prevention and viral clearance, including pivotal results against sensitive strains in the recent Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trial. Studies of bNAb passive transfer in infected patients have demonstrated transient reduction of viral load at high concentrations that rebounds as bNAb is cleared from circulation. While neutralization is a crucial component of therapeutic efficacy, numerous studies have demonstrated that bNAbs can also mediate effector functions, such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), and antibody-dependent complement deposition (ADCD). These functions have been shown to contribute towards protection in several models of HIV acquisition and in viral clearance during chronic infection, however the role of target epitope in facilitating these functions, as well as the contribution of individual innate functions in protection and viral clearance remain areas of active investigation. Despite their potential, the transient nature of antibody passive transfer limits the widespread use of bNAbs. To overcome this, we and others have demonstrated vectored antibody delivery capable of yielding long-lasting expression of bNAbs in vivo. Two clinical trials have shown that adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery of bNAbs is safe and capable of sustained bNAb expression for over 18 months following a single intramuscular administration. Here, we review key concepts of effector functions mediated by bNAbs against HIV infection and the potential for vectored immunoprophylaxis as a means of producing bNAbs in patients.
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21
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Rubio AA, Filsinger Interrante MV, Bell BN, Brown CL, Bruun TUJ, LaBranche CC, Montefiori DC, Kim PS. A Derivative of the D5 Monoclonal Antibody That Targets the gp41 N-Heptad Repeat of HIV-1 with Broad Tier-2-Neutralizing Activity. J Virol 2021; 95:e0235020. [PMID: 33980592 PMCID: PMC8274607 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02350-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 infection is initiated by the viral glycoprotein Env, which, after interaction with cellular coreceptors, adopts a transient conformation known as the prehairpin intermediate (PHI). The N-heptad repeat (NHR) is a highly conserved region of gp41 exposed in the PHI; it is the target of the FDA-approved drug enfuvirtide and of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). However, to date, these mAbs have only been weakly effective against tier-1 HIV-1 strains, which are most sensitive to neutralizing antibodies. Here, we engineered and tested 11 IgG variants of D5, an anti-NHR mAb, by recombining previously described mutations in four of D5's six antibody complementarity-determining regions. One variant, D5_AR, demonstrated 6-fold enhancement in the 50% inhibitory dose (ID50) against lentivirus pseudotyped with HXB2 Env. D5_AR exhibited weak cross-clade neutralizing activity against a diverse set of tier-2 HIV-1 viruses, which are less sensitive to neutralizing antibodies than tier-1 viruses and are the target of current antibody-based vaccine efforts. In addition, the neutralization potency of D5_AR IgG was greatly enhanced in target cells expressing FcγRI, with ID50 values of <0.1 μg/ml; this immunoglobulin receptor is expressed on macrophages and dendritic cells, which are implicated in the early stages of HIV-1 infection of mucosal surfaces. D5 and D5_AR have equivalent neutralization potency in IgG, Fab, and single-chain variable-fragment (scFv) formats, indicating that neutralization is not impacted by steric hindrance. Taken together, these results provide support for vaccine strategies that target the PHI by eliciting antibodies against the gp41 NHR and support investigation of anti-NHR mAbs in nonhuman primate passive immunization studies. IMPORTANCE Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy, HIV remains a global epidemic and has claimed more than 32 million lives. Accordingly, developing an effective HIV vaccine remains an urgent public health need. The gp41 N-heptad repeat (NHR) of the HIV-1 prehairpin intermediate (PHI) is highly conserved (>90%) and is inhibited by the FDA-approved drug enfuvirtide, making it an attractive vaccine target. However, to date, anti-NHR antibodies have not been potent. Here, we engineered D5_AR, a more potent variant of the anti-NHR antibody D5, and established its ability to inhibit HIV-1 strains that are more difficult to neutralize and are more representative of circulating strains (tier-2 strains). The neutralizing activity of D5_AR was greatly potentiated in cells expressing FcγRI; FcγRI is expressed on cells that are implicated at the earliest stages of sexual HIV-1 transmission. Taken together, these results bolster efforts to target the gp41 NHR and the PHI for vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adonis A. Rubio
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University School of Humanities & Sciences, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Maria V. Filsinger Interrante
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Biophysics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Stanford Medical Scientist Training Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Benjamin N. Bell
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Clayton L. Brown
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Theodora U. J. Bruun
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Celia C. LaBranche
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David C. Montefiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Peter S. Kim
- Stanford ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, California, USA
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22
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Duerr R, Crosse KM, Valero-Jimenez AM, Dittmann M. SARS-CoV-2 Portrayed against HIV: Contrary Viral Strategies in Similar Disguise. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1389. [PMID: 34198973 PMCID: PMC8307803 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 and HIV are zoonotic viruses that rapidly reached pandemic scale, causing global losses and fear. The COVID-19 and AIDS pandemics ignited massive efforts worldwide to develop antiviral strategies and characterize viral architectures, biological and immunological properties, and clinical outcomes. Although both viruses have a comparable appearance as enveloped viruses with positive-stranded RNA and envelope spikes mediating cellular entry, the entry process, downstream biological and immunological pathways, clinical outcomes, and disease courses are strikingly different. This review provides a systemic comparison of both viruses' structural and functional characteristics, delineating their distinct strategies for efficient spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Duerr
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; (K.M.C.); (A.M.V.-J.); (M.D.)
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23
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Mu Z, Haynes BF, Cain DW. HIV mRNA Vaccines-Progress and Future Paths. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:134. [PMID: 33562203 PMCID: PMC7915550 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9020134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic introduced the world to a new type of vaccine based on mRNA encapsulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Instead of delivering antigenic proteins directly, an mRNA-based vaccine relies on the host's cells to manufacture protein immunogens which, in turn, are targets for antibody and cytotoxic T cell responses. mRNA-based vaccines have been the subject of research for over three decades as a platform to protect against or treat a variety of cancers, amyloidosis and infectious diseases. In this review, we discuss mRNA-based approaches for the generation of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines to HIV. We examine the special immunological hurdles for a vaccine to elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies and effective T cell responses to HIV. Lastly, we outline an mRNA-based HIV vaccination strategy based on the immunobiology of broadly neutralizing antibody development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zekun Mu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Z.M.); (B.F.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Barton F. Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Z.M.); (B.F.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Derek W. Cain
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; (Z.M.); (B.F.H.)
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24
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Pharmacokinetics and predicted neutralisation coverage of VRC01 in HIV-uninfected participants of the Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials. EBioMedicine 2021; 64:103203. [PMID: 33493795 PMCID: PMC7841500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phase 2b AMP trials are testing whether the broadly neutralising antibody VRC01 prevents HIV-1 infection in two cohorts: women in sub-Saharan Africa, and men and transgender persons who have sex with men (MSM/TG) in the Americas and Switzerland. We used nonlinear mixed effects modelling of longitudinal serum VRC01 concentrations to characterise pharmacokinetics and predict HIV-1 neutralisation coverage. We found that body weight significantly influenced clearance, and that the mean peripheral volume of distribution, steady state volume of distribution, elimination half-life, and accumulation ratio were significantly higher in MSM/TG than in women. Neutralisation coverage was predicted to be higher in the first (versus second) half of a given 8-week infusion interval, and appeared to be higher in MSM/TG than in women overall. Study cohort differences in pharmacokinetics and neutralisation coverage provide insights for interpreting the AMP results and for investigating how VRC01 concentration and neutralisation correlate with HIV incidence.
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25
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van der Velden YU, Villaudy J, Siteur-van Rijnstra E, van der Linden CA, Vink MA, Schermer EE, Weijer K, Berkhout B, Sanders RW, van Gils MJ. Diverse HIV-1 escape pathways from broadly neutralizing antibody PGDM1400 in humanized mice. MAbs 2020; 12:1845908. [PMID: 33218286 PMCID: PMC7755169 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2020.1845908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown the potential of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) for HIV-1 treatment. One of the candidate antibodies moving into clinical trials is the bnAb PGDM1400. Here, we studied the therapeutic potency and escape pathways of bnAb PGDM1400 during monovalent therapy in human immune system (HIS) mice using the BG505, REJO, MJ4 and AMC008 virus isolates. PGDM1400 administered during chronic infection caused a modest decrease in viral load in the first week of administration in 7 out of 10 animals, which correlated with the in vitro neutralization sensitivity of the viruses to PGDM1400. As expected for monotherapy, viral loads rebounded after about a week and different viral escape pathways were observed, involving the deletion of glycans in the envelope glycoprotein at positions 130 or 160. (Pre)clinical trials should reveal whether PGDM1400 is a useful component of an antibody combination treatment or as part of a tri-specific antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yme U van der Velden
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Julien Villaudy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,AIMM Therapeutics , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Cynthia A van der Linden
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,HIS mouse facility, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique A Vink
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edith E Schermer
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kees Weijer
- HIS mouse facility, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ben Berkhout
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University , New York, NY, USA
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, AMC, University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Abstract
In the last decade, over a dozen potent broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to several HIV envelope protein epitopes have been identified, and their in vitro neutralization profiles have been defined. Many have demonstrated prevention efficacy in preclinical trials and favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles in early human clinical trials. The first human prevention efficacy trials using 10 sequential, every-two-month administrations of a single anti-HIV bnAb are anticipated to conclude in 2020. Combinations of complementary bnAbs and multi-specific bnAbs exhibit improved breadth and potency over most individual antibodies and are entering advanced clinical development. Genetic engineering of the Fc regions has markedly improved bnAb half-life, increased mucosal tissue concentrations of antibodies (especially in the genital tract), and enhanced immunomodulatory and Fc effector functionality, all of which improve antibodies' preventative and therapeutic potential. Human-derived monoclonal antibodies are likely to enter the realm of primary care prevention and therapy for viral infections in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly T Karuna
- HIV Vaccine Trials Network, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; ,
| | - Lawrence Corey
- HIV Vaccine Trials Network, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA; , .,Departments of Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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27
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Spitsin S, Schnepp BC, Connell MJ, Liu T, Dang CM, Pappa V, Tustin R, Kinder A, Johnson PR, Douglas SD. Protection against SIV in Rhesus Macaques Using Albumin and CD4-Based Vector-Mediated Gene Transfer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 17:1088-1096. [PMID: 32478124 PMCID: PMC7251311 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2020.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-like molecules were evaluated with potent simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) neutralizing properties (immunoadhesins) that were delivered by a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector in the SIV-infected rhesus macaque model. When injected intramuscularly into the host, the vector directs in vivo production of the transgenes with antibody-like binding properties that lead to serum neutralizing activity against SIV. To extend the half-life of the immunoadhesins, rhesus cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) and a single-chain antibody (4L6) were fused with albumin molecules, and these constructs were tested in our model of SIV infection. Antibody-based immunoadhesins provided high serum neutralizing titers against the original SIV strain. CD4-based immunoadhesins provided a wider spectrum of neutralization against different SIV strains in comparison to antibody-based therapeutics and had the potential to protect against high viral challenging doses. Although the albumin-antibody fusion immunoadhesin provided strong and prolonged protection of the immunized animals against SIV challenge, the albumin-CD4 fusion altered the specificity and decreased the overall protection effectiveness of the immunoadhesin in comparison to the antibody-based molecules. Albumin-based immunoadhesins increase in vivo longevity of the immune protection; however, they present challenges likely linked to the induction of anti-immunoadhesin antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Spitsin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bruce C Schnepp
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary J Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tehui Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christine M Dang
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vasiliki Pappa
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Tustin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Annemarie Kinder
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip R Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Steven D Douglas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Research Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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28
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Fisher BS, Dambrauskas N, Trakhimets O, Andrade DV, Smedley J, Sodora DL, Sather DN. Oral Immunization with HIV-1 Envelope SOSIP trimers elicits systemic immune responses and cross-reactive anti-V1V2 antibodies in non-human primates. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233577. [PMID: 32470041 PMCID: PMC7259690 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a successful HIV vaccine is dependent upon a determination of the optimum antigen and adjuvant as well as choosing an optimal site for vaccine delivery. The site of delivery is particularly relevant as HIV transmission generally requires that the virus crosses a mucosal membrane to infect a new host. Here we undertake a pilot study comparing three vaccine delivery routes, two to the oral cavity (intraepithelial (iEp) and needle-free (NF-Injex)) as well as intramuscular (IM) delivery. These vaccinations utilized a recombinant HIV-1 Env trimer 10042.05 from an elite neutralizer, subject VC10042, that has previously induced high titers of cross-clade reactive V1V2 antibodies. The 10042.05.SOSIP fused trimer was administered with adjuvants R848 (Resiquimod), MPLA and Alhydrogel to characterize the innate cellular and anti-HIV Envelope (Env) antibody responses following the administration of the vaccine to the oral mucosa. Oral delivery of the 10042.05.SOSIP induced high titers of anti-V1V2 antibodies, which together with previous studies, indicates an immunogenic bias toward the V1V2 regions in 10042-derived Envs. Both types of oral vaccine delivery resulted in immunologic and serologic responses that were comparable to the IM delivery route. Furthermore, induction of anti-V1-V2 specific antibodies was best following iEp delivery of the oral vaccine identifying this as the optimal method to orally deliver this vaccine formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget S. Fisher
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | | | - Olesya Trakhimets
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Daniela V. Andrade
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Jeremy Smedley
- Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Donald L. Sodora
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DNS); (DLS)
| | - D. Noah Sather
- Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (DNS); (DLS)
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29
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del Moral-Sánchez I, Sliepen K. Strategies for inducing effective neutralizing antibody responses against HIV-1. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:1127-1143. [PMID: 31791150 PMCID: PMC6961309 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1690458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Despite intensive research efforts, there is still no effective prophylactic vaccine available against HIV-1. Currently, substantial efforts are devoted to the development of vaccines aimed at inducing broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), which are capable of neutralizing most HIV-1 strains. All bNAbs target the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env), but Env immunizations usually only induce neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the sequence-matched virus and not against other strains.Areas covered: We describe the different strategies that have been explored to improve the breadth and potency of anti-HIV-1 NAb responses. The discussed strategies include the application of engineered Env immunogens, optimization of (bNAb) epitopes, different cocktail and sequential vaccination strategies, nanoparticles and nucleic acid-based vaccines.Expert opinion: A combination of the strategies described in this review and future approaches are probably needed to develop an effective HIV-1 vaccine that can induce broad, potent and long-lasting NAb responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván del Moral-Sánchez
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kwinten Sliepen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,CONTACT Kwinten Sliepen Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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30
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Finney J, Watanabe A, Kelsoe G, Kuraoka M. Minding the gap: The impact of B-cell tolerance on the microbial antibody repertoire. Immunol Rev 2019; 292:24-36. [PMID: 31559648 PMCID: PMC6935408 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocytes must respond to vast numbers of foreign antigens, including those of microbial pathogens. To do so, developing B cells use combinatorial joining of V-, D-, and J-gene segments to generate an extraordinarily diverse repertoire of B-cell antigen receptors (BCRs). Unsurprisingly, a large fraction of this initial BCR repertoire reacts to self-antigens, and these "forbidden" B cells are culled by immunological tolerance from mature B-cell populations. While culling of autoreactive BCRs mitigates the risk of autoimmunity, it also opens gaps in the BCR repertoire, which are exploited by pathogens that mimic the forbidden self-epitopes. Consequently, immunological tolerance, necessary for averting autoimmune disease, also acts to limit effective microbial immunity. In this brief review, we recount the evidence for the linkage of tolerance and impaired microbial immunity, consider the implications of this linkage for vaccine development, and discuss modulating tolerance as a potential strategy for strengthening humoral immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Finney
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Akiko Watanabe
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Garnett Kelsoe
- Department of Immunology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke University Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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31
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Herzig E, Kim KC, Packard TA, Vardi N, Schwarzer R, Gramatica A, Deeks SG, Williams SR, Landgraf K, Killeen N, Martin DW, Weinberger LS, Greene WC. Attacking Latent HIV with convertibleCAR-T Cells, a Highly Adaptable Killing Platform. Cell 2019; 179:880-894.e10. [PMID: 31668804 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Current approaches to reducing the latent HIV reservoir entail first reactivating virus-containing cells to become visible to the immune system. A critical second step is killing these cells to reduce reservoir size. Endogenous cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) may not be adequate because of cellular exhaustion and the evolution of CTL-resistant viruses. We have designed a universal CAR-T cell platform based on CTLs engineered to bind a variety of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibodies. We show that this platform, convertibleCAR-T cells, effectively kills HIV-infected, but not uninfected, CD4 T cells from blood, tonsil, or spleen and only when armed with anti-HIV antibodies. convertibleCAR-T cells also kill within 48 h more than half of the inducible reservoir found in blood of HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy. The modularity of convertibleCAR-T cell system, which allows multiplexing with several anti-HIV antibodies yielding greater breadth and control, makes it a promising tool for attacking the latent HIV reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eytan Herzig
- Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kaman Chan Kim
- Xyphos Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Thomas A Packard
- Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Noam Vardi
- Gladstone Center for Cell Circuitry, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Roland Schwarzer
- Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Andrea Gramatica
- Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Steven G Deeks
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA
| | | | - Kyle Landgraf
- Xyphos Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Nigel Killeen
- Xyphos Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - David W Martin
- Xyphos Biosciences, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Leor S Weinberger
- Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Gladstone Center for Cell Circuitry, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Warner C Greene
- Gladstone Center for HIV Cure Research, Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
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32
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Sutar J, Padwal V, Sonawani A, Nagar V, Patil P, Kulkarni B, Hingankar N, Deshpande S, Idicula-Thomas S, Jagtap D, Bhattacharya J, Bandivdekar A, Patel V. Effect of diversity in gp41 membrane proximal external region of primary HIV-1 Indian subtype C sequences on interaction with broadly neutralizing antibodies 4E10 and 10E8. Virus Res 2019; 273:197763. [PMID: 31553924 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Clade C (HIV-1C) dominates the AIDS epidemic in India, afflicting 2.1 million individuals within the country and more than 15 million people worldwide. Membrane proximal external region (MPER) is an attractive target for broadly neutralizing antibody (bNAb) based therapies. However, information on MPER sequence diversity from India is meagre due to limited sampling of primary viral sequences. In the present study, we examined the variation in MPER of HIV-1C from 24 individuals in Mumbai, India by high throughput sequencing of uncultured viral sequences. Deep sequencing of MPER (662-683; HXB2 envelope amino acid numbering) allowed quantification of intra-individual variation up to 65% at positions 662, 665, 668, 674 and 677 within this region. These variable positions included contact sites targeted by bNAbs 2F5, Z13e1, 4E10 as well as 10E8. Both major and minor epitope variants i.e. 'haplotypes' were generated for each sample dataset. A total of 23, 34 and 25 unique epitope haplotypes could be identified for bNAbs 2F5, Z13e1 and 4E10/10E8 respectively. Further analysis of 4E10 and 10E8 epitopes from our dataset and meta-analysis of previously reported HIV-1 sequences from India revealed 26 epitopes (7 India-specific), heretofore untested for neutralization sensitivity. Peptide-Ab docking predicted 13 of these to be non-binding to 10E8. ELISA, Surface Plasmon Resonance and peptide inhibition of HIV-1 neutralization assays were then performed which validated predicted weak/non-binding interactions for peptides corresponding to six of these epitopes. These results highlight the under-representation of 10E8 non-binding HIV-1C MPER sequences from India. Our study thus underscores the need for increased surveillance of primary circulating envelope sequences for development of efficacious bNAb-based interventions in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Sutar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Varsha Padwal
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Archana Sonawani
- ICMR Biomedical Informatics Centre, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Vidya Nagar
- Department of Medicine, Grant Government Medical College, Byculla, Mumbai, India
| | - Priya Patil
- Department of Medicine, Grant Government Medical College, Byculla, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhalachandra Kulkarni
- Department of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Nitin Hingankar
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Suprit Deshpande
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Susan Idicula-Thomas
- ICMR Biomedical Informatics Centre, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Dhanashree Jagtap
- Department of Structural Biology, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharya
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Atmaram Bandivdekar
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India.
| | - Vainav Patel
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR-NIRRH), Parel, Mumbai, India.
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33
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Duerr R, Gorny MK. V2-Specific Antibodies in HIV-1 Vaccine Research and Natural Infection: Controllers or Surrogate Markers. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7030082. [PMID: 31390725 PMCID: PMC6789775 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine trials have lacked efficacy and empirical vaccine lead targets are scarce. Thus far, the only independent correlate of reduced risk of HIV-1 acquisition in humans is elevated levels of V2-specific antibodies identified in the modestly protective RV144 vaccine trial. Ten years after RV144, human and non-human primate vaccine studies have reassessed the potential contribution of V2-specific antibodies to vaccine efficacy. In addition, studies of natural HIV-1 infection in humans have provided insight into the development of V1V2-directed antibody responses and their impact on clinical parameters and disease progression. Functionally diverse anti-V2 monoclonal antibodies were isolated and their structurally distinct V2 epitope regions characterized. After RV144, a plethora of research studies were performed using different model systems, immunogens, protocols, and challenge viruses. These diverse studies failed to provide a clear picture regarding the contribution of V2 antibodies to vaccine efficacy. Here, we summarize the biological functions and clinical findings associated with V2-specific antibodies and discuss their impact on HIV vaccine research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Duerr
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
| | - Miroslaw K Gorny
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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34
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Framework Mutations of the 10-1074 bnAb Increase Conformational Stability, Manufacturability, and Stability While Preserving Full Neutralization Activity. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:233-246. [PMID: 31348937 PMCID: PMC6941225 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The broadly neutralizing anti-HIV antibody, 10-1074, is a highly somatically hypermutated IgG1 being developed for prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa. A series of algorithms were applied to identify potentially destabilizing residues in the framework of the Fv region. Of 17 residues defined, a variant was identified encompassing 1 light and 3 heavy chain residues, with significantly increased conformational stability while maintaining full neutralization activity. Central to the stabilization was the replacement of the heavy chain residue T108 with R108 at the base of the CDR3 loop which allowed for the formation of a nascent salt bridge with heavy chain residue D137. Three additional mutations were necessary to confer increased conformational stability as evidenced by differential scanning fluorimetry and isothermal chemical unfolding. In addition, we observed increased stability during low pH incubation in which 40% of the parental monomer aggregated while the combinatorial variant showed no increase in aggregation. Incubation of the variant at 100 mg/mL for 6 weeks at 40°C showed a 9-fold decrease in subvisible particles ≥2 μm relative to the parental molecule. Stability-based designs have also translated to improved pharmacokinetics. Together, these data show that increasing conformational stability of the Fab can have profound effects on the manufacturability and long-term stability of a monoclonal antibody.
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35
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jerome H. Kim
- International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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36
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Yuan M, Cottrell CA, Ozorowski G, van Gils MJ, Kumar S, Wu NC, Sarkar A, Torres JL, de Val N, Copps J, Moore JP, Sanders RW, Ward AB, Wilson IA. Conformational Plasticity in the HIV-1 Fusion Peptide Facilitates Recognition by Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies. Cell Host Microbe 2019; 25:873-883.e5. [PMID: 31194940 PMCID: PMC6579543 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The fusion peptide (FP) of HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) is essential for mediating viral entry. Detection of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that interact with the FP has revealed it as a site of vulnerability. We delineate X-ray and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of bnAb ACS202, from an HIV-infected elite neutralizer, with an FP and with a soluble Env trimer (AMC011 SOSIP.v4.2) derived from the same patient. We show that ACS202 CDRH3 forms a "β strand" interaction with the exposed hydrophobic FP and recognizes a continuous region of gp120, including a conserved N-linked glycan at N88. A cryo-EM structure of another previously identified bnAb VRC34.01 with AMC011 SOSIP.v4.2 shows that it also penetrates through glycans to target the FP. We further demonstrate that the FP can twist and present different conformations for recognition by bnAbs, which enables approach to Env from diverse angles. The variable recognition of FP by bnAbs thus provides insights for vaccine design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yuan
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Christopher A Cottrell
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabriel Ozorowski
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Marit J van Gils
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicholas C Wu
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Anita Sarkar
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jonathan L Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Natalia de Val
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jeffrey Copps
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - John P Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Rogier W Sanders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Immunology and Immunogen Discovery, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Yavuz B, Morgan JL, Herrera C, Harrington K, Perez-Ramirez B, LiWang PJ, Kaplan DL. Sustained release silk fibroin discs: Antibody and protein delivery for HIV prevention. J Control Release 2019; 301:1-12. [PMID: 30876951 PMCID: PMC6538278 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
With almost 2 million new HIV infections worldwide each year, the prevention of HIV infection is critical for stopping the pandemic. The only approved form of pre-exposure prophylaxis is a costly daily pill, and it is recognized that several options will be needed to provide protection to the various affected communities around the world. In particular, many at-risk people would benefit from a prevention method that is simple to use and does not require medical intervention or a strict daily regimen. We show that silk fibroin protein can be formulated into insertable discs that encapsulate either an antibody (IgG) or the potent HIV inhibitor 5P12-RANTES. Several formulations were studied, including silk layering, water vapor annealing and methanol treatment to stabilize the protein cargo and impact the release kinetics over weeks. In the case of IgG, high concentrations were released over a short time using methanol treatment, with more sustained results with the use of water vapor annealing and layering during device fabrication. For 5P12-RANTES, sustained release was obtained for 31 days using water vapor annealing. Further, we show that the released inhibitor 5P12-RANTES was functional both in vitro and in ex vivo colorectal tissue. This work shows that silk fibroin discs can be developed into formidable tools to prevent HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcin Yavuz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L Morgan
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Carolina Herrera
- Department of Medicine, St. Mary's Campus Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Kristin Harrington
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | | | - Patricia J LiWang
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of California-Merced, Merced, CA, USA.
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA.
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