1
|
Leite KLDEF, Rodrigues GF, Chevitarese AB, Magno MB, Marañón-Vásquez GA, Pintor AVB, Maia LC. ARE PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS EFFECTIVE IN PREVENTING AND ARRESTING OCCLUSAL CARIES IN PRIMARY AND PERMANENT TEETH? AN OVERVIEW OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2024; 24:102010. [PMID: 39174168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2024.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compile the evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) about the use of sealants for preventing and arresting pit and fissure occlusal caries in primary and permanent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search was performed in six databases and gray literature up to May 2023. Systematic reviews (SRs) that included randomized trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized clinical trials (n-RCTs) aiming to answer the PICO-based focused question "are pit and fissure sealants (I) more effective than other interventions, control or no treatment (C) in preventing and arresting occlusal caries (O) in primary and permanent teeth (P)?", were included. The methodological quality was assessed using the AMSTAR-2. The overlap between reviews was calculated (corrected covered, CCA). RESULTS Among the 25 included SRs, 18 underwent meta-analysis. Eighteen SRs considered sealing enamel caries lesions, one considered sealing dentine caries, and six considered both. Seventeen SRs were devoted to preventive sealing (RCT only, n = 12; RCT and n-RCT, n = 5), while eight were devoted to prevention and arrest of dental caries (RCT only, n = 5; RCT and n-RCT, n = 3). Nine SRs showed positive results for the primary dentition, and the most frequent periods of follow-up were at least 6 (n = 5) and 12 months (n = 4). According to our meta-analysis, a significant association between resin-based sealants (RBS) and dental caries prevention was detected at 6 months (n = 1) and over longer follow-up periods (n = 4), and the DMFT and dmft indices decreased (n = 2). RBS was better than fluoride varnish at preventing dentine caries (n = 1). A lower caries incidence rate was observed in the resin-modified glass ionomer group at 6 months (n = 1). Overall, the sealants were superior (n = 11), similar (n = 21), or inferior (n = 1) to the other treatments. The AMSTAR-2 scores for studies on preventive sealing were critically low (n = 8), low (n = 6), moderate (n = 1) and high (n = 2) for studies on preventive sealing and critically low (n = 5), low (n = 2) and high (n = 1) for studies on the prevention and arrest of caries lesions. The overlap was low (CCA = 3%). CONCLUSION This overview suggests that pit and fissure sealants are not inferior to other interventions in preventing and arresting dental caries lesions in primary and permanent teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karla Lorene DE França Leite
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Gabriella Fernandes Rodrigues
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Chevitarese
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andréa Vaz Braga Pintor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Winnier JJ, Naik SS, Shetty A, Patil D, Tandel S, Gore P. Impact of manual dexterity on toothbrushing efficacy in typically developing children: A cross-sectional study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 39192544 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Manual dexterity includes gross motor skills (GMS) and fine motor skills (FMS). Literature reports manual dexterity as a contributing factor for improved oral hygiene and that the required dexterity for toothbrushing develops above 8 years of age. Research suggests grip force, movement speed, and motor coordination should be assessed to improve knowledge on kinetics of brushing teeth. AIM To assess the impact of manual dexterity on toothbrushing efficacy in 7 to 12 year old children. DESIGN The cross-sectional study included 150 typically developing 7-12 year old children. Oral health status was recorded using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth index. GMS and FMS were evaluated using the MInnesota Manual Dexterity Test (MMDT) and Archimedes spiral test (AST), respectively. Toothbrushing efficacy was determined by Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein Plaque Index- difference in mean scores from before and after toothbrushing. RESULTS Assessment of GMS, FMS, and toothbrushing efficacy using ANOVA showed a significant increase with age (p value: 0.000); unpaired t-test showed an association of toothbrushing efficacy with GMS and FMS irrespective of age (p value: 0.000). CONCLUSION Manual dexterity was significantly associated with toothbrushing efficacy in typically developing children. AST, a simple test to determine FMS, may help paediatric dentists to guide parents on the supervision of toothbrushing for their child.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Jasmin Winnier
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed to be University - School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shilpa S Naik
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed to be University - School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashveeta Shetty
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed to be University - School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Diksha Patil
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed to be University - School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sonal Tandel
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed to be University - School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priya Gore
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, DY Patil Deemed to be University - School of Dentistry, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mohamed OS, Hall MA, Karawia I. Remineralizing effect of NSF on artificial enamel caries. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:975. [PMID: 39174977 PMCID: PMC11340118 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nanotechnology offers new approaches and endless opportunities for remineralizing tooth decay without being toxic or causing allergies. This study aimed to determine the effect of nanosilver fluoride (NSF) on the remineralization potential of enamel caries-like lesions compared to 5% sodium fluoride varnish in permanent teeth. METHODS Fifteen teeth (molars and premolars) were gathered, cleaned, and polished using a scaler. After sectioning the teeth mesiodistally and removing the roots, the thirty specimens were subjected to a demineralized solution to induce early enamel lesions and then assigned randomly into two equal groups. The test materials were applied, and then all the specimens were subjected to a pH cycling model for 30 days. DIAGNOdent and surface roughness were investigated, and an evaluation of the enamel Ca and P weight% for Ca/P ratio calculation was done using SEM-EDX to analyze the specimens at the end of the study. The data were analyzed using an independent t-test. RESULTS The mean values for the DIAGNOdent measurements for NSF and NaF at baseline and after demineralization were not significantly different (p > 0.05). After treatment, NaF varnish showed a significantly higher mean DIAGNOdent measurement (11.8 ± 5.80) than NSF (4.7 ± 1.6). The mean surface roughness of the NaF group (1.64 ± 0.39) was much higher than NSF's mean surface roughness (1.07 ± 0.21). Specimens treated with NSF had statistically significant smoother surfaces (p < 0.001). The NSF group had a higher mean Ca/P ratio (2.9 ± 0.35) than NaF (2.2 ± 0.11). This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.012). CONCLUSION The study reveals that nano silver fluoride is a more effective treatment than sodium fluoride varnish in enhancing teeth's clinical characteristics, particularly in terms of mineral content and surface roughness, suggesting it could be an improved strategy to prevent dental caries and maintain enamel integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Osama Safwat Mohamed
- Dental Prosthesis Manufacture Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Ashraf Hall
- Alexandria Dental Research Center, Ministry of Health and Population, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Inas Karawia
- Pediatric and Community Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tedesco TK, Innes NP, Gallegos CL, Silva GS, Gimenez T, Braga MM, Araujo MP, Jayaraman J, Al-Yaseen W, Raggio DP. Success rate of Hall Technique for restoring carious primary molars - systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Dent 2024:10.1038/s41432-024-01044-0. [PMID: 39152338 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-024-01044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The overall pooled success rate of the Hall Technique (HT) in various types of studies has not been investigated. The present study aims to evaluate the success rate of HT to restore carious primary molars. METHODS A systematic search was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Scopus, Web of Science, and LIVIVO electronic databases, as well as the ProQuest database for grey literature review. A search was carried out up to September 2023 for studies meeting the eligibility criteria: Randomised Clinical Trials (RCTs) and Non-Randomised Studies of Interventions (NRSIs); children with primary molars treated using HT; and reporting success for at least 1-month post-treatment. Single-arm meta-analysis assessed the pooled proportion (95% CI) of HT success rates. Risk of bias and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach were assessed. RESULTS Searching identified 665 studies, with 25 (15 RCTs and 10 NRSIs) meeting the eligibility criteria. In meta-analyses of RCTs, the pooled proportion success rate was 98% (95% CI: 97-99%) at 12-month follow-up. For NRSIs, the pooled proportion success rate was 95% (95% CI: 91-100%) up to 89 months. CONCLUSIONS HT presents a high success rate, even though the primary studies had "low" to "high" risk of bias and demonstrated "moderate" to "low" certainty of evidence. One of the main reasons for downgrading was related to blinding, which was generally unfeasible due to visibly different restorative materials. The systematic review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021204415).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Kerber Tedesco
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nicola Patricia Innes
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Claudia Lopez Gallegos
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Seabra Silva
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Gimenez
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Minatel Braga
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jayakumar Jayaraman
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Waraf Al-Yaseen
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Daniela Prócida Raggio
- Department of Orthodontics and Paediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gerónimo-Alonso M, Ortíz-Vázquez E, Rodríguez-Canto W, Chel-Guerrero L, Betancur-Ancona D. Antithrombotic and anticariogenic activity of peptide fractions from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) protein hydrolysates. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 39139024 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein-derived peptide fractions can play a key role in the physiological and metabolic regulation and modulation of the body, which suggests that they could be used as functional ingredients to improve health and to reduce the risk of disease. This work aimed to evaluate the in vitro antithrombotic and anticariogenic bioactivity of hydrolysates and protein fractions obtained from cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) by biocatalysis. RESULTS Cowpea protein concentrate was hydrolyzed by sequential action with two enzyme systems, Pepsin-Pancreatin or Alcalase-Flavourzyme. There was extensive enzymatic hydrolysis, with degrees of hydrolysis of 34.94% and 81.43% for Pepsin-Pancreatin and Alcalase-Flavourzyme, respectively. The degree of hydrolysis for the control treatments, without the addition of the enzymes Pepsin-Pancreatin and Alcalase-Flavourzyme was 1.1% and 1.2%, respectively. The hydrolysates were subjected to fractionation by ultrafiltration, with five cut-off points according to molecular weight (<1, 1-3, 3-5, 5-10 and >10 kDa). The Alcalase-Flavourzyme hydrolysate led to 100% inhibition of platelet aggregation, while the Pepsin-Pancreatin hydrolysate showed 77.41% inhibition, but this was approximately 100% in the ultrafiltered fractions. The highest anticariogenic activity was obtained with the Pepsin-Pancreatin system, with 61.55% and 56.07% for calcium and phosphorus demineralization, respectively. CONCLUSION Hydrolysates and their peptide fractions from Vigna unguiculata exhibited inhibition of platelet aggregation and protection of tooth enamel and have the potential for use in the development of functional products with beneficial health effects. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wilbert Rodríguez-Canto
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Mérida, Mérida, Mexico
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | - Luis Chel-Guerrero
- Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Orhan AI, Alkan A, Orhan K, Tezel A, Karaoglanoglu S, Oztas D. Dental caries and associated factors among Turkish children and adults: Findings from the 3rd National Oral Health Survey. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:499-508. [PMID: 38238260 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the current status of oral health and related risk factors is lacking in Turkiye. This study aimed to evaluate dental caries and associated factors among the Turkish population using the findings of the third national oral health survey. METHODS This cross-sectional epidemiological survey was carried out between March and September in 2018 including five index ages and age groups (5-, 12-, 15-year-olds, 35-44 and 65-74 age groups). A multistage cluster sampling design was used to obtain a national representative sample of these age groups. Participants were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire, and oral examinations were performed based on the methods and criteria suggested by the World Health Organization. The adjusted prevalence ratio for dental caries was estimated considering sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics by using log-binomial and robust Poisson regression analysis in R and SAS software. RESULTS After data cleaning, a total of 11 091 participants remained. The prevalence of dental caries was 76.5% (95% confidence interval: 75.4%-77.7%) and determined to be associated with age, dental visit, and pain or discomfort history during the previous year among the Turkish population. Prevalence was also associated with the mother's education level among 5-, 12- and 15-year-olds. For the 35-44 age group, individuals living in urban areas had lower dental caries than those living in rural areas. For 65-74 age group, none of the factors were significantly associated with dental caries. CONCLUSION A high prevalence of dental caries was observed in Turkish children and adults. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen current preventive oral health programs. Regular disease surveillance should be maintained. National oral health targets should be formulated in accordance with Turkiye's needs, resources and structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Isil Orhan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Afra Alkan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Adnan Tezel
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serpil Karaoglanoglu
- Gulhane Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Oztas
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Negi S, Mathur A, Tripathy S, Mehta V, Snigdha NT, Adil AH, Karobari MI. Artificial Intelligence in Dental Caries Diagnosis and Detection: An Umbrella Review. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e70004. [PMID: 39206581 PMCID: PMC11358700 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Dental caries is largely preventable, yet an important global health issue. Numerous systematic reviews have summarized the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) models for the diagnosis and detection of dental caries. Therefore, this umbrella review aimed to synthesize the results of systematic reviews on the application and effectiveness of AI models in diagnosing and detecting dental caries. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed, IEEE Explore, Embase, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to retrieve studies. Two authors independently screened the articles based on eligibility criteria and then, appraised the included articles. The findings are summarized in tabulation form and discussed using the narrative method. RESULT A total of 1249 entries were identified out of which 7 were finally included. The most often employed AI algorithms were the multilayer perceptron, support vector machine (SVM), and neural networks. The algorithms were built to perform the segmentation, classification, caries detection, diagnosis, and caries prediction from several sources, including periapical radiographs, panoramic radiographs, smartphone images, bitewing radiographs, near-infrared light transillumination images, and so forth. Convoluted neural networks (CNN) demonstrated high sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve in the caries detection, segmentation, and classification tests. Notably, AI in conjunction with periapical and panoramic radiography images yielded better accuracy in detecting and diagnosing dental caries. CONCLUSION AI models, especially convolutional neural network (CNN)-based models, have an enormous amount of potential for accurate, objective dental caries diagnosis and detection. However, ethical considerations and cautious adoption remain critical to its successful integration into routine practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Negi
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and HospitalDr. D. Y. Patil VidyapeethPuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Ankita Mathur
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and HospitalDr. D. Y. Patil VidyapeethPuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Snehasish Tripathy
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and HospitalDr. D. Y. Patil VidyapeethPuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Vini Mehta
- Department of Dental Research Cell, Dr. D. Y. Patil Dental College and HospitalDr. D. Y. Patil VidyapeethPuneMaharashtraIndia
| | - Niher Tabassum Snigdha
- Department of Dental Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiTamil NaduIndia
| | - Abdul Habeeb Adil
- Department of Dental Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiTamil NaduIndia
| | - Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
- Department of Dental Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesSaveetha UniversityChennaiTamil NaduIndia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of PuthisastraPhnom PenhCambodia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Agrawal R, Trivedi S, Barodia Z. An Analysis of pH and Sugar Content of Commonly Prescribed Pediatric Liquid Medications: The Current Indian Scenario. J Pediatr Pharmacol Ther 2024; 29:354-358. [PMID: 39144383 PMCID: PMC11321808 DOI: 10.5863/1551-6776-29.4.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oral liquid medications are frequently prescribed to children because they are easier to swallow than other dosage forms. These pediatric liquid medications (PLMs) have sugars added to them for better compliance or as preservatives. Children with chronic illnesses may frequently consume these medications. The presence of sugars and their frequent exposure presents a high risk of dental caries in these children. Additionally, the critical pH can be reached if acids below a pH of 5.5 contact the tooth, causing enamel demineralization. Hence, there was a need to study the sugar content and pH of these medications. METHODS Pediatricians and pharmacists in Vadodara city, Gujarat, India, were given a short questionnaire to assess the most prescribed and sold PLMs for analgesics, antibiotics, antiepileptics, multivitamins, and antitussives in the Indian pharmaceutical market. The sugar content and pH of the 15 most prescribed PLMs were assessed with ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) spectrophotometry and digital pH meter, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Only 1 of the 15 most sold/prescribed medicines did not contain sugar. Among the remaining PLMs, the sugar concentration ranged from 6.1% to 78.7%. The pH of the PLM ranged from 3.6 to 7.3. CONCLUSION Sugar was present in 93.3% of the 15 analyzed PLMs and the pH was lower than the critical pH in 80% of them. Medications with high sugar content and low pH can cause caries development. Sugar-free PLMs are preferred alternatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reema Agrawal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry (RA), Manubhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
| | - Srushti Trivedi
- Department of Healthcare Administration (ST), St Lawrence College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zarana Barodia
- Department of Dental Assisting (ZB), Durham College, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fathima A, Govindaraju L. Evaluation of the Caries-Arresting Potential of Silver Diamine Fluoride Gel With Potassium Iodide Versus Sodium Fluoride Varnish: An Observational Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e64970. [PMID: 39161533 PMCID: PMC11333018 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) with potassium iodide (KI) has emerged as a promising, aesthetic, non-invasive management by limiting the staining caused by SDF. However, no studies are comparing the caries-arresting potential of SDF gel with KI. The study aims to observe and evaluate the caries-arresting potential of SDF gel with KI compared to sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish. Materials and methods The present observational study was conducted with a split-mouth design. A total of 33 participants, in the age group of two to six years, with occlusal caries of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) I and II involving both right and left upper or lower primary molar teeth, were included. SDF gel with KI and fluoride varnish (FV) was applied to the contralateral teeth on the same arch. Participants were recalled at 3, 6, 9, and 12-month intervals to monitor the progression or arrest of carious lesions. Result At the end of 12 months, 66.7% and 70.5% of the teeth showed arrest of caries with SDF gel with KI and FV, respectively. Intra-group analysis using the Friedman test shows significant differences in both groups across the timeline (p=0.001). Intergroup analysis using the Whitney U test reveals no significant difference in caries-arresting potential between the groups at various timelines (p=0.231). Conclusion There was no significant difference in arresting enamel caries of primary teeth between the use of 5% NaF and 38% SDF with KI. However, there was a significant difference within the group between the 3rd and 12th-month follow-up. Hence, the biannual application is recommended in both FV and SDF with KI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Fathima
- Pediatric Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Lavanya Govindaraju
- Pediatric Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Redwan AK, Alhazmi HA, Alharthi SA, Alharbi JJ. Parents' Knowledge and Awareness About the Importance of Primary Teeth and Space Maintainers in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e61836. [PMID: 38975367 PMCID: PMC11227340 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary teeth are important for eating, speaking, and esthetics, as well as for guiding the eruption and maintaining the space for the permanent teeth. The best space maintainers (SM) for permanent dentition are the natural primary teeth. The aim of this study was to assess parents' knowledge and awareness of the importance of primary teeth and SM in Saudi Arabia. METHOD This cross-sectional study invited parents who were living in Saudi Arabia via different social media platforms to complete a validated questionnaire. The data collected included demographic characteristics, questions about parents' knowledge of their children's oral hygiene, and the importance of primary teeth, as well as questions about knowledge of SM. RESULTS A total of 392 participants completed the questionnaire. Dental problems and pain were the most common reasons for visiting the pediatric dentist (n=260; 66.3%). With respect to the age at which the first primary tooth erupted, more than half of the parents (n=270; 68.9%) knew the correct age. Only 43.3% (n=168) of the parents had received any information about SM and only 39.5% (n=155) of them knew their purpose. CONCLUSION Most parents agree that treating primary teeth is important for their children's oral health and development. However, most are unaware of an SM's purpose. We recommend that dentists discuss SM's importance with parents actively after extracting their child's teeth. This will help increase parents' awareness and understanding of SM and encourage them to be more informed about this dental treatment option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alaa K Redwan
- Preventive Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matar MA, Selima RA, Marzouk IM, Lotfy WA, Al-Shafie TA, Darwish SS. Oral health status of Egyptian children with lysosomal storage diseases: An evaluation of dental indices, salivary cytokines level, and bacterial bioburden. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38803013 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), a group of inborn errors of metabolism, include various subtypes, for example, mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and Gaucher disease (GD). Besides the physical/mental disabilities, they suffer from several oral deteriorations. AIM To evaluate the oral health status of Egyptian children with LSD. DESIGN Thirty LSD children and thirty non-LSD children were enrolled for this study according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Dental indices were used to assess caries prevalence and periodontal status. Saliva samples were collected from all enrolled children to estimate interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and protein levels as well as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli colony counts. RESULTS Children with MPS and GD showed non-significant differences in decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT) scores (p = .115). Scores of dmft showed a significant increase in MPS, but not in GD children (p = .020, p = .127). Children with LSD showed significantly increased Modified Gingival Index (MGI), Plaque Index (PI), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-s) scores (p < .001) and salivary IL-6 and TNF-α (p = .007, p = .001, p < .0001, p = .002, respectively) and salivary total proteins (p = .001) levels. Unexpectedly, non-significant differences were observed in salivary Streptococcus mutans or Lactobacilli counts in children with MPS and GD (p = .058, p = .420, p = .502, p = .053, respectively). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first article that evaluates Egyptian children with LSD. We demonstrated high caries prevalence in primary teeth, not permanent teeth, in children with MPS and poor gingival/hygiene status in children with MPS and GD, which triggered a state of inflammation. The daily supplement intake prevented oral bacterial growth. The most probable cause of oral alterations is decreased salivary flow rate, as deduced from a significantly increased salivary protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa A Matar
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rana A Selima
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Iman M Marzouk
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Walid A Lotfy
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Tamer A Al-Shafie
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sherif S Darwish
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Farsi DJ, Farsi NJ, Elkhodary HM, Alattas LK, Alshaikh AB, Farsi NM. Prevalence of Obesity and Dental Caries in High School Adolescents during the First Decade of Saudi Vision 2030: A Cross-Sectional Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:563. [PMID: 38790558 PMCID: PMC11119454 DOI: 10.3390/children11050563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Saudi Vision 2030 was launched in 2016. Obesity and dental caries are both highly prevalent in Saudi adolescents and have been targeted by the Vision's health initiatives. The aim is to assess their prevalence in adolescents during the first decade since the launch of the Vision. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia using a stratified sample of 571 high school students, with an average age of 16.7 (0.6). Their height and weight were measured, and their body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The decayed, missed, and filled scores (DMFTs) were recorded after an oral examination. Non-parametric tests were used to assess the associations of DMFT with BMI, sex, and school type; and its predictors were assessed. One-third of males were overweight/obese compared with 22% of females. Males exhibited higher DMFTs than females. DMFTs were higher among public school students than among their private school counterparts. No significant association was observed between DMFT and BMI. Sex and school type were significant predictors of DMFT. The prevalence of obesity has slowly decreased in adolescents, but the prevalence of dental caries has not. There was no significant relationship between these conditions. Saudi Vision 2030's current preventive/educational initiatives may be more effective in combating obesity than dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deema J. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.E.); (N.M.F.)
| | - Nada J. Farsi
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Heba M. Elkhodary
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.E.); (N.M.F.)
- Department of Pedodontics and Oral Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Alazhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Logain K. Alattas
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - Ali B. Alshaikh
- Saudi Board of Pediatric Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 12611, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Najat M. Farsi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (H.M.E.); (N.M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sulyanto RM, Beall CJ, Ha K, Montesano J, Juang J, Dickson JR, Hashmi SB, Bradbury S, Leys EJ, Edgerton M, Ho SP, Griffen AL. Fungi and bacteria occupy distinct spatial niches within carious dentin. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011865. [PMID: 38805482 PMCID: PMC11161102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of bacteria in the etiology of dental caries is long established, while the role of fungi has only recently gained more attention. The microbial invasion of dentin in advanced caries especially merits additional research. We evaluated the fungal and bacterial community composition and spatial distribution within carious dentin. Amplicon 16S rRNA gene sequencing together with quantitative PCR was used to profile bacterial and fungal species in caries-free children (n = 43) and 4 stages of caries progression from children with severe early childhood caries (n = 32). Additionally, healthy (n = 10) and carious (n = 10) primary teeth were decalcified, sectioned, and stained with Grocott's methenamine silver, periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and calcofluor white (CW) for fungi. Immunolocalization was also performed using antibodies against fungal β-D-glucan, gram-positive bacterial lipoteichoic acid, gram-negative endotoxin, Streptococcus mutans, and Candida albicans. We also performed field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to visualize fungi and bacteria within carious dentinal tubules. Bacterial communities observed included a high abundance of S. mutans and the Veillonella parvula group, as expected. There was a higher ratio of fungi to bacteria in dentin-involved lesions compared to less severe lesions with frequent preponderance of C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, and in one case C. tropicalis. Grocott's silver, PAS, CW and immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated the presence of fungi within carious dentinal tubules. Multiplex IHC revealed that fungi, gram-negative, and gram-positive bacteria primarily occupied separate dentinal tubules, with rare instances of colocalization. Similar findings were observed with multiplex immunofluorescence using anti-S. mutans and anti-C. albicans antibodies. Electron microscopy showed monomorphic bacterial and fungal biofilms within distinct dentin tubules. We demonstrate a previously unrecognized phenomenon in which fungi and bacteria occupy distinct spatial niches within carious dentin and seldom co-colonize. The potential significance of this phenomenon in caries progression warrants further exploration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalyn M. Sulyanto
- Department of Dentistry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Clifford J. Beall
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kasey Ha
- Department of Dentistry, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Joseph Montesano
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Jason Juang
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - John R. Dickson
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shahr B. Hashmi
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Seth Bradbury
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Eugene J. Leys
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Mira Edgerton
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Sunita P. Ho
- Preventive and Restorative Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Ann L. Griffen
- Division of Biosciences, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Buzatu R, Luca MM, Bumbu BA. A Systematic Review of the Relationship between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Caries in the Permanent Teeth of Children and Adolescents. Dent J (Basel) 2024; 12:117. [PMID: 38668029 PMCID: PMC11048958 DOI: 10.3390/dj12040117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This systematic review critically evaluates the association between serum Vitamin D levels and dental caries incidence in the permanent teeth of children and adolescents. The search strategy comprised three databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase), up to November 2023, targeting studies on the correlation between Vitamin D and dental caries in permanent dentition. The eligibility criteria focused on observational studies involving children and adolescents aged 12 to 19 years with permanent dentition. The screening process, guided by the PRISMA guidelines and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality assessment, resulted in the inclusion of eight studies conducted across various global regions from 2013 to 2023. The analysis revealed that Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency were prevalent among the study populations, ranging from 17.3% to 69.4%. Specifically, children and adolescents with Vitamin D insufficiency (<50 nmol/L) were found to have significantly higher odds of developing caries, with odds ratios (ORs) ranging from 1.13 to 2.57. Conversely, two studies indicated a protective effect of higher Vitamin D levels, with an OR of 0.80 and 0.59, respectively, for caries among children and adolescents with serum levels ≥ 50 nmol/L, suggesting an inverse relationship between Vitamin D status and caries risk. The results indicate both the protective role of adequate serum levels of Vitamin D above 20 ng/mL and the increased risk associated with insufficient levels below this threshold. However, the variations in study quality, methodologies and geographic settings underscore the challenges in drawing universal conclusions. Despite these limitations, our review suggests that improving Vitamin D status could be a beneficial component of preventive strategies against dental caries in children and adolescents, warranting further research to clarify the clinical significance of our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Buzatu
- Department of Dental Aesthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Revolutiei Boulevard 9, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Magda Mihaela Luca
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Bogdan Andrei Bumbu
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bahardoust M, Salari S, Ghotbi N, Rahimpour E, Haghmoradi M, Alipour H, Soleimani M. Association between prenatal vitamin D deficiency with dental caries in infants and children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:256. [PMID: 38589811 PMCID: PMC11000361 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06477-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Prenatal vitamin D (PVD) is a vital micronutrient for dental caries (DCs). The association between prenatal vitamin D deficiencies (PVDD) and DCs in children has been conflicting in different reports. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between PVDD and DCs in children for the first time. We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Embase, and Scholar databases to find relevant studies based on mesh terms from 2000 to October 2023. This study was conducted based on the 2020 version of the PRISMA checklist. Cochran's Q and I2 tests were used to evaluate heterogeneity between studies. Egger's test was used to evaluate publication bias. The effect size of the association between PVDD and DCs was reported by the odds ratio (OR) at the 95% confidence interval (95% CI).Twelve studies, including 11,021 participants, were reviewed. The pooled prevalence of PVDD was estimated at 4353 (32%). The prevalence of DCs in children of mothers with and without PVDD was 44% and 25%, respectively. PVDD was significantly associated with an increased risk of DCs in children (OR: 1.35, 95% CI (1.22, 1.47), I2 = 86.6%). The association of DCs with PVDD was different based on gestational age groups, children's age groups, and vitamin D levels. This meta-analysis showed PVDD can be associated with an increased risk of DCs in children, especially in mothers with prenatal vitamin D levels ≤ 35 nmol/L. Adequate vitamin D levels throughout pregnancy can help prevent DCs in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Bahardoust
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Salar Salari
- General Dentist, School of Dentistry, Isfahan Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nader Ghotbi
- General Dentist, School of Dentistry, Isfahan Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Meisam Haghmoradi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Mahsa Soleimani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Klaophimai A, Tosrisawatkasem O, Horsophonphong S. Antibacterial effects of children's and adults' toothpastes containing different amounts of fluoride: An in vitro study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2024; 18:23-28. [PMID: 38881638 PMCID: PMC11179140 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.40705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, fluoride concentrations in toothpaste for children and adults have increased. However, the effects of different concentrations on bacterial activity have rarely been compared. We aimed to investigate and compare the antibacterial activity of children's and adults' toothpaste containing 500, 1000‒1100, and 1450‒1500 ppm fluoride. Methods Three strains of bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus salivarius, and Lactobacillus casei) were cultured in brain heart infusion agar. Thirty commercially available toothpaste products for children and adults containing 500, 1000‒1100, and 1450‒1500 ppm fluoride were selected and tested. Toothpaste's ability to inhibit bacterial growth was evaluated by agar diffusion assay, in which plates were incubated for 24 hours, and then the diameter of the microbial inhibition zone was measured. Comparisons between children's and adults' fluoride toothpastes were made using the Mann-Whitney U test. The association between bacterial growth inhibition and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) was analyzed by the chi-square test. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results No difference in the inhibition zone was observed for different fluoride concentrations. However, there were significant differences between toothpastes for children and adults, with higher inhibition zones for adults' toothpastes. Most toothpastes for adults contained SLS, which was associated with antibacterial activity. Conclusion Fluoride concentrations ranging from 500 to 1500 ppm did not affect bacterial growth. The antibacterial activity of toothpastes for adults was significantly higher than that of toothpastes for children, which was mainly attributed to the SLS usually added to adult formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arthit Klaophimai
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Orada Tosrisawatkasem
- Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sivaporn Horsophonphong
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Haque F, Folayan MO, Virtanen JI. Preventive behaviour and attitudes towards early childhood caries amongst mothers of toddlers in Bangladesh. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 83:76-82. [PMID: 38062854 PMCID: PMC11302636 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2291205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to analyse mothers of toddlers' preventive behaviour towards ECC in Bangladesh. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey of mothers and their 6-24-month-old children visiting vaccination centres in Trishal, Bangladesh in 2021. A cluster-sampling method was applied to select 10 immunization centres and all mothers who attended the centres with a 6-24-month-old child were recruited. Mothers' preventive behaviour and attitude towards oral health was determined using a reliable instrument. Clinical examinations were conducted to assess the presence of dental plaque on the labial surfaces of the upper central incisors and the ICDASII index criteria were utilized to detect ECC. The associations between preventive behaviours and the plaque score and caries status of the children were determined using multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for confounding variables (mother's age and educational status). RESULTS The prevalence of ECC among the children was 25.8%. ECC experience was significantly associated with low educational level (p = 0.02) and older age (p = 0.01) of mothers. Of the mothers, 75.2% reported to brush their teeth twice daily and about half of them (48.8%) cleaned their children's teeth daily; and 5.8% with fluoridated toothpaste. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that caries preventive behaviour of mothers (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI1.41-4.91) and the plaque score of the child (AOR = 14.69, 95% CI7.45-28.9) were significant risk indicators for ECC in the study population. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of ECC was high among the Bangladeshi toddlers and factors such as the mothers' preventive behaviour and presence of plaque were associated with the occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzana Haque
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Morenike O Folayan
- Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Jorma I Virtanen
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland .
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shrestha P, Graff M, Gu Y, Wang Y, Avery CL, Ginnis J, Simancas-Pallares MA, Ferreira Zandoná AG, Ahn HS, Nguyen KN, Lin DY, Preisser JS, Slade GD, Marazita ML, North KE, Divaris K. Multi-ancestry Genome-Wide Association Study of Early Childhood Caries. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.12.24303742. [PMID: 38562815 PMCID: PMC10984042 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.12.24303742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Early childhood caries (ECC) is the most common non-communicable childhood disease. It is an important health problem with known environmental and social/behavioral influences that lacks evidence for specific associated genetic risk loci. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a genome-wide association study of ECC in a multi-ancestry population of U.S. preschool-age children (n=6,103) participating in a community-based epidemiologic study of early childhood oral health. Calibrated examiners used ICDAS criteria to measure ECC with the primary trait using the dmfs index with decay classified as macroscopic enamel loss (ICDAS ≥3). We estimated heritability, concordance rates, and conducted genome-wide association analyses to estimate overall genetic effects; the effects stratified by sex, household water fluoride, and dietary sugar; and leveraged the combined gene/gene-environment effects using the 2-degree-of-freedom (2df) joint test. The common genetic variants explained 24% of the phenotypic variance (heritability) of the primary ECC trait and the concordance rate was higher with a higher degree of relatedness. We identified 21 novel non-overlapping genome-wide significant loci for ECC. Two loci, namely RP11-856F16 . 2 (rs74606067) and SLC41A3 (rs71327750) showed evidence of association with dental caries in external cohorts, namely the GLIDE consortium adult cohort (n=∼487,000) and the GLIDE pediatric cohort (n=19,000), respectively. The gene-based tests identified TAAR6 as a genome-wide significant gene. Implicated genes have relevant biological functions including roles in tooth development and taste. These novel associations expand the genomics knowledge base for this common childhood disease and underscore the importance of accounting for sex and pertinent environmental exposures in genetic investigations of oral health.
Collapse
|
19
|
Esin K, Ballı-Akgöl B, Sözlü S, Kocaadam-Bozkurt B. Association between dental caries and adherence to the Mediterranean diet, dietary intake, and body mass index in children. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:297. [PMID: 38431554 PMCID: PMC10909275 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04020-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with healthier nutritional status are less likely to develop severe caries than those with a high-sugar content diet. Studies evaluating dental caries and nutritional status in school-age children have generally focused on dietary intake, diet quality, or anthropometric measures, and the number of studies evaluating them together is limited. OBJECTIVE It was aimed to evaluate the relationship between dental caries adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD), dietary intake, and Body Mass Index (BMI) in school-age children. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted with 300 healthy children (52.0% boys, 48.0% girls) aged between 6 and 12 years. The data collection forms included sociodemographic characteristics, oral health practices of children, Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for children and adolescents (KIDMED), and food consumption records. Anthropometric measurements (body weight and height) of the children were taken. Dental examinations were performed by a pediatric dentist. RESULTS While the DMFT mean score of the children was 1.7 ± 2.09, the mean dft score was 2.9 ± 3.29. The mean of KIDMED scores was 5.9 ± 3.32. DMFT and dft scores decreased statistically as maternal education increased (p < 0.05). DMFT and dft scores were not statistically different between BMI groups according to gender and age (p > 0.05). DMFT scores differed statistically between KIDMED groups (p < 0.05). This difference was between low-optimal and low-improvement-needed groups. While there was a low negative correlation (r=-0.169) between calcium intake and DMFT score, a low positive correlation was found between glucose (r = 0.172) and fructose (r = 0.149) intake and dft score (p < 0.05). In regression analysis, while the children's age related DMFT scores positively, maternal education and KIDMED scores related DMFT scores negatively. Also, children's age and maternal education related dft scores negatively. CONCLUSION In this study, adherence to the MD rather than nutrients was found to be important in dental caries. Also maternal education level was also found to be a determinant factor in dental caries in children. DMFT and dft did not differ between BMI groups.Further studies should be conducted to assess the impact of the MD on dental caries in children to develop dietary interventions for preventative purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Esin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Türkiye.
| | - Beyza Ballı-Akgöl
- School of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Saniye Sözlü
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Türkiye
| | - Betul Kocaadam-Bozkurt
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Türkiye.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Quritum M, Abdella A, Amer H, El Tantawi M. Effect of silver diamine fluoride and nano silver fluoride on oral health-related quality of life of children with early childhood caries: A randomized clinical trial. J Dent 2024; 142:104878. [PMID: 38311016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Untreated caries in primary teeth is one of the most prevalent health problems in children worldwide. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) non-invasively arrests caries but causes staining unlike Nano Silver Fluoride (NSF) which causes no stains. This study compared the effect of NSF and 38 % SDF on the oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) of preschool children after 6 months. METHODS Children were included if they were younger than 4 years, with at least one active lesion, ICDAS score ≥3, attending nurseries in a rural area in Alexandria, Egypt. They were randomly assigned to receive NSF once at baseline, or SDF at baseline and after 6 months. The Arabic version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (A-ECOHIS) was used to assess the OHRQoL. The groups were compared using chi-square test and the effect of the intervention on OHRQoL was assessed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS 360 children were included, mean (SD) age = 42.3 (8.2) months. After 6 months, NSF had significantly lower A-ECOHIS scores than SDF in bivariate analysis (p< 0.05) and in regression analysis (B= -5.02, p = 0.001) after adjusting for confounders. There were significant reductions in the A-ECOHIS total and domains' scores in both study groups, except for the social interaction domain in the SDF group. CONCLUSION After 6-month, both agents significantly improved children's OHRQoL although NSF had a significantly better impact on OHRQoL than SDF. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Patient-reported outcomes support the inclusion of the two agents among the options for ECC management with better effect on quality of life after NSF. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered in the clinicaltrials.gov registry (#NCT05255913).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Quritum
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Abdella
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hala Amer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Carvalho TS, Martini T, Lima KP, Araújo TT, Feitosa CMVB, Marron LR, Lavender S, Grizzo LT, Magalhães AC, Buzalaf MAR. Xylitol associated or not with fluoride: Is the action the same on de- and remineralization? Arch Oral Biol 2024; 159:105873. [PMID: 38215591 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study evaluated the effect of xylitol combined or not with fluoride (F) on reduction of demineralization and increase of remineralization of shallow and deep artificial enamel lesions. METHODS Bovine enamel samples were allocated to the following solutions groups: no xylitol (negative control), 5% xylitol, 10% xylitol, 20% xylitol, 500 ppm F (as NaF), 5% xylitol+F, 10% xylitol+F or 20% xylitol+F (n = 12-15). For the demin study, a pH-cycling model (demineralization-6 h, pH 4.7/remineralization 18 h, pH 7.0) was employed for 7 days. Treatments were applied 2 × 1 min. In the remin study, specimens were pre-demineralized for 2, 5 or 10 days. Afterwards, a pH-cycling protocol was conducted (2 h demineralizing and 22 h remineralizing solution/day for 8 days) and the same treatments were done. The response variables were percentage surface hardness loss (%SHL) and transverse microradiography. Data were analyzed by RM ANOVA/Tukey or Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn (p < 0.05) RESULTS: F and Xylitol combined with F reduced the %SHL (23-30%) compared to the negative control (61.5%). The integrated mineral loss and the lesion depth were not reduced by any treatment. Surface hardness recovery was seen only for shallow lesions in case of 20% xylitol+F compared to negative control. No lesion depth recovery, but significant mineral recovery was seen for F (2-days and 10-days lesion). CONCLUSIONS All concentrations of xylitol+F reduced enamel surface demineralization, while only 20% xylitol+F improved surface remineralization of shallow lesions in vitro. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results suggest that while F or any concentration of xylitol + F reduces surface demineralization, only 20% xylitol+F improves surface remineralization of shallow lesions in vitro. Therefore, xylitol may be added into oral products, combined to F, to control dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thamyris Souza Carvalho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Martini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Karen Pavan Lima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Tamara Teodoro Araújo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Larissa Tercilia Grizzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Figueiredo Dos Santos RV, Bado FMR, da Cunha IP, de Castro Meneghim M. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric dental procedures in primary healthcare settings in Piracicaba, Brazil: an ecological study. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2024; 25:71. [PMID: 38413864 PMCID: PMC10898019 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02315-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic brought significant changes to dental care, which may have affected pediatric dental care offered in primary healthcare settings. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the quantity of dental procedures performed in primary healthcare for children aged 6 to 12 years, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This is an ecological study using data from the health information system of Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. The variables considered were: coverage of first programmed dental consultation, restoration of permanent and deciduous teeth, topical fluoride application (individual per session), emergency care, and deciduous tooth extraction. Two periods were considered: period I (March 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020) and period II (April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021), before and during the pandemic, respectively. Comparisons between periods were made using the paired nonparametric Wilcoxon test with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS There was an increase in emergency care from 15.4 to 32.4% (p = 0.0095) and a decrease in the number of restorations of deciduous teeth from 32.8 to 20.2% (p = 0.0217). The first programmed consultation showed a decrease of 9.60% (p = 0.0930) in period II. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has hindered access to primary dental care for children, impacting the quantity of emergency care, reducing restorations of deciduous teeth, and first programmed dental consultations. These findings highlight the need for strategies to ensure that pediatric dental care is not neglected during pandemics.
Collapse
|
23
|
Bender O, Khoury J, Hirsch G, Weinberg E, Sagy N, Buller S, Lapides-Levy S, Blumer S, Bar DZ. Immunorecognition of Streptococcus mutans secreted proteins protects against caries by limiting tooth adhesion. J Dent 2024; 141:104805. [PMID: 38101504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Childhood caries, a prevalent chronic disease, affects 60-90 % of children in industrialized regions, leading to lesions in both primary and permanent teeth. This condition precipitates hospital admissions, emergency room visits, elevated treatment costs, and missed school days, thereby impeding the child's academic engagement and increasing the likelihood of caries into adulthood. Despite multiple identified risk factors, significant interpersonal variability remains unexplained. The immune system generates a unique antibody repertoire, essential for maintaining a balanced and healthy oral microbiome. Streptococcus mutans is a primary contributor to the development of caries. METHODS Employing mass spectrometry, we investigated the S. mutans proteins targeted by antibodies in children both with and without caries, delineating a fundamental suite of proteins discernible by the immune systems of a majority of individuals. Notably, this suite was enriched with proteins pivotal for bacterial adhesion. To ascertain the physiological implications of these discoveries, we evaluated the efficacy of saliva in thwarting S. mutans adherence to dental surfaces. RESULTS Antibodies in most children recognized a core set of ten S. mutans proteins, with additional proteins identified in some individuals. There was no significant difference in the proteins identified by children with or without caries, but there was variation in antibody binding intensity to some proteins. Functionally, saliva from caries-free individuals, but not children with caries, was found to hinder the binding of S. mutans to teeth. These findings delineate the S. mutans proteome targeted by the immune system and suggest that the inhibition of bacterial adherence to teeth is a primary mechanism employed by the immune system to maintain oral balance and prevent caries formation. CONCLUSIONS These findings enhance our knowledge of the immune system's function in oral health maintenance and caries prevention, shedding light on how immunoglobulins interact with S. mutans proteins. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Targeting S. mutans proteins implicated in bacterial adhesion could be a promising strategy for preventing childhood caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omer Bender
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Jessica Khoury
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Gal Hirsch
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Evgeny Weinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel; Department of Periodontology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Naor Sagy
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Shani Buller
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Shiri Lapides-Levy
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Sigalit Blumer
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel
| | - Daniel Z Bar
- Department of Oral Biology, The Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University 69978, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Durá-Travé T, Gallinas-Victoriano F. Dental caries in children and vitamin D deficiency: a narrative review. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:523-528. [PMID: 37966493 PMCID: PMC10912272 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05331-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries represents one of the most prevalent health problems in childhood. Numerous studies have assessed that vitamin D deficiency is highly related to dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children. The aim of this study is to elaborate a narrative review about proposed mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency interacts with dental caries process in children. Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may cause intrauterine enamel defects, and through childhood is accompanied by insufficient activity of antibacterial peptides, decreased saliva secretion, and a low level of calcium in saliva. Conclusion: In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency would increase the risk of caries in the primary and/or permanent dentition. Relationship between vitamin D deficiency and dental caries is evident enough for vitamin D deficiency to be considered as a risk factor for dental caries in children. Optimal levels of vitamin D throughout pregnancy and childhood may be considered an additional preventive measure for dental caries in the primary and permanent dentition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teodoro Durá-Travé
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Avenue Irunlarrea, 1, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarrabiomed (Biomedical Research Center), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Fidel Gallinas-Victoriano
- Navarrabiomed (Biomedical Research Center), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, Navarra Hospital Universitary, Pamplona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Habchy P, Tahan L, Moussi C, Barakat MA, Ghanem L, Kattan O, Njeim A, Abou Habib L, El Bitar W, El Asmar B, Chahine MN. Referrals and Determinant Factors of a National School Health Campaign in Lebanon on Children Aged between 3 and 12 Years Old. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:175. [PMID: 38397287 PMCID: PMC10886849 DOI: 10.3390/children11020175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this extensive study examining the health of 7184 school children aged 3 to 12 in 27 Lebanese schools, screenings involved medical evaluation and interviews, complemented by phone interviews with 3880 parents. Notably, one in two students received a medical referral, revealing prevalent issues such as dental cavities (33%), under-vaccination (25%), undetected vision problems (13%), abnormal growth (6%), underweight (27%), and overweight (33%). Additional concerns encompassed abnormal vital signs (3%), abuse signs (0.6%), infectious skin lesions (1.6%), scoliosis (1.7%), abnormal auscultation (heart 1.1%, lungs 1.2%), ear problems (3.3%), precocious puberty (0.7%), and neurologic signs (0.6%). Mental health challenges affected 20-25% of students. Public schools and Beirut exhibited higher referral rates, with girls, older children, overweight students, those lacking regular pediatrician visits, and children of self-employed or less educated parents facing elevated referral rates. In contrast, children of healthcare workers experienced fewer referrals. Against this backdrop, the study emphasizes the imperative for targeted health initiatives, particularly in marginalized areas and for socioeconomically disadvantaged students. Priority areas include dental care, weight issues, mental health, vaccination compliance, and addressing vision problems to enhance learning outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Habchy
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Léa Tahan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Charbel Moussi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Muhammad A. Barakat
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Laura Ghanem
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Ogarite Kattan
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Alain Njeim
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
| | - Leila Abou Habib
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
| | - Wassim El Bitar
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Bellevue Medical Center University Hospital, Mansourieh P.O. Box 295, Lebanon
| | - Béchara El Asmar
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut P.O. Box 17-5208, Lebanon
- Department of Cardiology, Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital, Achrafieh, Beirut 1100, Lebanon
| | - Mirna N. Chahine
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon; (P.H.); (L.T.); (C.M.); (M.A.B.); (L.G.); (O.K.); (A.N.)
- Lebanese Association of the Knights of Malta (Order of Malta Lebanon), Vanlian Bldg, 6th Fl. City Rama Str. Dekwaneh, Beirut P.O. Box 11-4286, Lebanon; (L.A.H.); (W.E.B.); (B.E.A.)
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath 1519, Lebanon
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), Achrafieh, Beirut 1100, Lebanon
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Suzuki A, Tani Y, Anzai T, Isumi A, Doi S, Ogawa T, Moriyama K, Fujiwara T. Association between Short Stature at Grade 1 and Permanent Teeth Caries at Grade 6 in Elementary School Children in Japan: A Population-Based Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:105. [PMID: 38248567 PMCID: PMC10815877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Short stature in children is a marker of low nutritional status and has been suggested to be associated with dental caries. However, longitudinal studies on this topic are scarce. Data from a longitudinal study of elementary school children in Adachi City, Tokyo, Japan, were analyzed. In 2015, caregivers of children at grade 1 answered questionnaires, and information on dental caries and height measured at school health checkups was merged and followed to grade 6 (N = 3576; follow up rate = 83.3%). The association between short stature at grade 1 (-2.01 standard deviation (SD)--3.00 SD, or <-3.00 SD in height-for-age according to the World Health Organization criteria) and the number of decayed, missing, or filled permanent teeth (DMFT) at grade 6 was examined using multivariable Poisson regression with robust standard error. After adjusting for confounders, children with a short stature at grade 1 had a higher DMFT number at grade 6: the mean ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.17 (0.89-1.54) and 2.18 (1.03-4.64) for children with a height-for-age -2.01 SD--3.00 SD, and those with a height-for-age < -3.00, respectively. Short stature at grade 1 could be a marker of future dental caries in the permanent teeth at grade 6.
Collapse
Grants
- H27-Jyunkankito-ippan-002 Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare
- H29-Seisaku-Shitei-004 Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare
- 16H03276, 16K21669, 17J05974, 17K13245, 19K19310, 19K14029, 19K19309, 19K20109, 19K14172, 19J01614, 19H04879, 20K13945, and 21H04848 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayako Suzuki
- Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (A.S.); (T.O.); (K.M.)
| | - Yukako Tani
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan;
| | - Tatsuhiko Anzai
- Department of Biostatistics, M&D Data Science Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan;
| | - Aya Isumi
- Department of Health Policy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (A.I.); (S.D.)
| | - Satomi Doi
- Department of Health Policy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (A.I.); (S.D.)
| | - Takuya Ogawa
- Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (A.S.); (T.O.); (K.M.)
| | - Keiji Moriyama
- Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan; (A.S.); (T.O.); (K.M.)
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan;
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tao W, Tian G, Song Q, Lv Z. Application of mineral trioxide aggregate pulpotomy in the treatment of early pulpitis of primary molars. Am J Transl Res 2024; 16:285-294. [PMID: 38322556 PMCID: PMC10839389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on pulpotomy in primary molars. METHODS Two hundred and sixty-three cases (310 teeth) of children with early pulpitis of primary molars admitted between February 2019 to February 2022 were enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Of them, 130 cases with 155 teeth treated with root canal treatment were set as the control group (CG) and 133 cases with 155 teeth receiving MTA pulpotomy were set as the observation group (OG). Clinical data such as efficacy evaluation, inflammatory factor levels, postoperative adverse reactions, and quality of life (QoL) were compared. RESULTS After surgery, the overall response rate in the OG was statistically higher than that in the CG, while the levels of inflammatory factors in the OG were significantly lower than those in the CG (all P<0.05). Moreover, the total incidence of complications was significantly lower in OG at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery (P=0.018, P=0.007, P=0.015, respectively). The QoL of the two groups differed insignificantly before surgery; however, after the treatment, the QoL in OG was significantly higher than those in the CG at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery (P=0.037, P=0.012, P=0.028, respectively). Moreover, the teeth location and treatment method were independent factors of efficacy (P=0.047, P=0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS MTA pulpotomy outperformed root canal treatment for superior efficacy in children with early pulpitis of primary molars, with a positive effect on improving QoL, and patient prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tao
- Department of Dentistry, People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 271199, Shandong, China
| | - Guoyong Tian
- Department of Dentistry, People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 271199, Shandong, China
| | - Qingqing Song
- Department of Dentistry, People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 271199, Shandong, China
| | - Zhijun Lv
- Department of Dentistry, People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University Jinan 271199, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Domosławska-Żylińska K, Łopatek M, Krysińska-Pisarek M, Wiśniewska P. Polish pregnant women's knowledge on early childhood caries prevention and oral hygiene in children. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:70. [PMID: 38166976 PMCID: PMC10763392 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC) is one of the most common chronic diseases among children. In Poland 86.9% of six-year-olds have ECC. One of the factors determining adherence to ECC prophylaxis and oral hygiene is mothers' knowledge. The aim of this study was to assess the level of knowledge demonstrated by pregnant women about ECC prevention and oral hygiene, and to analyse the determinants of this knowledge. METHODS A quantitative survey was conducted using Computer Assisted Telephone Interview technique on a randomly selected representative sample of 1,000 women over the age of 18 in their second and third trimesters of pregnancy. The significance level was established at 0.05 and p-values were presented as: p < 0.05, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001. RESULTS The highest percentage of wrong or "I don't know" answers were related to questions about: the number of free dental check-ups for children (76.8%), the date of the child's first visit to the dentist (66.5%), the age when the child has mixed dentition (72.2%). Women with higher education had better knowledge than women with lower or secondary education. Women with good and very good financial situation showed a higher level of knowledge compared to women with average, bad and very bad financial situation. CONCLUSIONS When developing prevention strategies and educational programs as part of prenatal care for women to reduce the incidence of ECC, it is important to take into account the identified areas that need support and specific target groups (mothers with lower socioeconomic status).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Domosławska-Żylińska
- Department of Education and Communication, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St, Warsaw, 00-791, Poland
| | - Magdalena Łopatek
- Department of Education and Communication, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St, Warsaw, 00-791, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krysińska-Pisarek
- Department of Education and Communication, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St, Warsaw, 00-791, Poland
| | - Paulina Wiśniewska
- Department of Communicable Diseases and Surveillance, National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, 24 Chocimska St, Warsaw, 00-791, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Timoshenko PS, Korolenkova MV. [Need for prosthodontics of permanent teeth in children aged 8-18 years]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2024; 103:67-69. [PMID: 39171346 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202410304167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To reveal need for prosthodontics in permanent teeth in children aged 8-18 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed in Khimki Dental Municipal Clinic. Dental examination and radiological studies were conducted in 97 primary patients aged 8-18 years. Indications for prosthodontics in permanent teeth were occlusal deterioration index more than 40% and crown decay of more than 50% in incisors and canines. Additional features were registered including DMFT index, the presence of extracted teeth and teeth after root canal treatment, as well and teeth with extensive restorations with resins and marginal seal quality. RESULTS From 97 primary patients (27.8%) children needed prosthodontics in permanent teeth (in average 2.3±2.1 teeth): 1 tooth in 10 children, 2 teeth in 11 children, 3 teeth in 1 child, 4 teeth in 3 children and 4 teeth in 2 children. Mean DMFT was 8.1±4.5 teeth. Six children already had extracted permanent teeth (9 teeth in total). Half of the teeth (49.2%) which needed orthodontic treatment had history of root canal treatment while 46% needed primary or secondary endodontic treatment. Occlusal deterioration index was more than 40% in 41.3% of cases, more than 60% in 49.2% of teeth and more than 80% in 9.52% of teeth. From all the teeth restored with composite resins 41.7% had good marginal seal but 58.3% showed macroscopic signs of marginal leakage. CONCLUSION Our study shows high percentage of adolescents having need for prosthodontics in permanent teeth and unjustified widening of indications for direct resin restorations in this group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Timoshenko
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| | - M V Korolenkova
- Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Alharbi TM, Thabet AM, Alabbadi SH, Alhazmi MY, Khan HF, AlRasheed MA, Al-Twalbeh NA, Alsuhaim AS, Alqahtani NS. Unlocking the Potential of Cellular Guidance in Endodontics: Advancing the Process of Pulp Regeneration and Beyond. Cureus 2024; 16:e51651. [PMID: 38318576 PMCID: PMC10839349 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Regenerative endodontics represents a paradigm shift in dental therapy, with the potential to not only restore damaged dental tissues but also to preserve the vitality of teeth. At the heart of this innovative approach is cell homing, a technique that harnesses the body's own healing mechanisms by recruiting endogenous stem cells to the site of dental injury for effective tissue regeneration. This review delves into the intricate processes of cell homing in the context of regenerative endodontics, particularly focusing on its application in immature teeth with open apices. It examines the role of bioactive molecules, scaffolds, and growth factors in orchestrating cell migration and differentiation within the root canal space. In addition, the review addresses the current limitations in clinical practice, such as the challenges in completely regenerating the pulp-dentin complex and the unpredictability in long-term outcomes. It also explores future possibilities, including the potential for more refined and effective regenerative strategies. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of cell homing in regenerative endodontics, this article aims to contribute to the ongoing development of advanced therapeutic techniques that could revolutionize endodontic treatment and improve patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tariq M Alharbi
- Endodontics, King Fahad General Hospital, Medina, SAU
- Endodontics, Speciality Dental Center, Medina, SAU
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li Y, Qu Q, Yue Y, Guo Y, Yi X. Evaluation of children's oral diagnosis and treatment using imaging examination using AI based Internet of Things. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:1323-1340. [PMID: 37781823 PMCID: PMC11091629 DOI: 10.3233/thc-230099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases, its image segmentation method needs to be further improved, and there are still objections about the clinical application effect of general anesthesia (GA) on children's dental fear (CDF). OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the application value of CBCT based on intelligent computer segmentation model in oral diagnosis and treatment of children in the context of biomedical signals, and to analyze the alleviating effect of GA on CDF. METHODS Based on the regional level set (CV) algorithm, the local binary fitting (LBF) model was introduced to optimize it, and the tooth CBCT image segmentation model CV-LBF was established to compare the segmentation accuracy (SA), maximum symmetric surface distance (MSSD), average symmetric surface distance (ASSD), over segmentation rate (OR), and under segmentation rate (UR) between these model and other algorithms. 82 children with CDF were divided into general anesthesia group (GAG) (n= 38) and controls (n= 44) according to the voluntary principle of their families. Children in GAG were treated with GA and controls with protective fixed intervention. Children's fear survey schedule-dental subscale (CFSS-DS) and Venham scores were counted before intervention in the two groups. CFSS-DS scores were recorded at 2 hours after intervention and after recovery in children in GAG. CFSS-DS and Venham scores were performed in all children 1 week after surgery. RESULTS The results showed that the SA value of CV-LBF algorithm was higher than that of region growing algorithm (P< 0.05). OR, UR, MSSD, and ASSD values of CV-LBF algorithm were evidently lower than those of other algorithms (P< 0.05). CFSS-DS scores were lower in GAG than in controls 2 hours after intervention and at return visits after 1 week of intervention (P< 0.001), and Venham scores were lower in GAG than in controls after intervention (P< 0.001). After intervention, the proportion of children with Venham grade 0, 1, 2, and 3 was obviously higher in GAG than in controls (P< 0.001), while the proportion of children with Venham grade 4 and 5 was clearly higher in controls than in GAG (P< 0.001). CONCLUSION The results revealed that the computer intelligent segmentation model CV-LBF has potential application value in CBCT image segmentation of children's teeth, and GA can effectively alleviate anxiety of children with CDF and can be used as biomedical signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhi Qu
- CT/MR Division, Liaocheng Third People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxue Yue
- CT/MR Division, Liaocheng Third People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University/Xi’an Third Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiuna Yi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yantai Mountain Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Armas-Vega A, Parise-Vasco JM, Díaz-Segovia MC, Arroyo-Bonilla DA, Cabrera-Dávila MJ, Zambrano-Bonilla MC, Ordonez-Romero I, Caiza-Rennella A, Zambrano-Mendoza A, Ponce-Faula C, Viteri-García A. Prevalence of Dental Caries in Schoolchildren from the Galapagos Islands: ESSO-Gal Cohort Report. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:6544949. [PMID: 38111753 PMCID: PMC10727802 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6544949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Dental caries remains a prevalent disease worldwide. Several epidemiological studies have shown that it affects the oral health of the pediatric population, and the Galapagos population in Ecuador is no exception. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries and its association, based on baseline information from the Galapagos Oral Health Study (ESSO-Gal), in children of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 804 children aged 2-11 years. The prevalence of dental caries was assessed using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) criteria, while the presence of dental biofilm was assessed using the Silness-Löe index. Descriptive statistics, including frequency analysis and measures of central tendency and dispersion, were performed. Inferential statistical analyses were conducted to identify associations between variables. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS version 25.0 statistical program. Results The caries prevalence rates based on ICDAS II codes 1-6, 1-2, and 3-6 were 98.01%, 96.9%, and 85%, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed among the different islands regarding the cutoff point for ICDAS II codes 3-6 (p ≤ 0.001). Participants aged 6-11 years had the highest caries prevalence. Conclusions The results show a high prevalence of dental caries among children in the Galapagos Islands, which increases with age. Contrary to expectations, the study did not find a significant correlation between the severity of dental caries and the presence of dental biofilm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Armas-Vega
- Carrera de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Juan Marcos Parise-Vasco
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - María Cristina Díaz-Segovia
- Posgrado de Odontopediatría, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Celia Ponce-Faula
- Carrera de Odontología, Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo, Portoviejo, Ecuador
| | - Andrés Viteri-García
- Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ge KX, Quock R, Chu CH, Yu OY. The preventive effect of glass ionomer cement restorations on secondary caries formation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Mater 2023; 39:e1-e17. [PMID: 37838608 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective is to compare the preventive effect on secondary caries of glass ionomer cement (GIC) restorations with amalgam or resin-composite restorations. METHODS Two independent researchers conducted a systematic search of English publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scopus. They selected randomized clinical trials comparing secondary caries incidences around GIC restorations (conventional GIC or resin-modified GIC) with amalgam or resin-composite restorations. Meta-analysis of the secondary-caries incidences with risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) as the effect measure was performed. RESULTS This review included 64 studies. These studies included 8310 GIC restorations and 5857 amalgam or resin-composite restorations with a follow-up period from 1 to 10 years. Twenty-one studies with 4807 restorations on primary teeth and thirty-eight studies with 4885 restorations on permanent teeth were eligible for meta-analysis. The GIC restorations had a lower secondary caries incidence compared with amalgam restorations in both primary dentition [RR= 0.55, 95% CI:0.41-0.72] and permanent dentition [RR= 0.20, 95% CI:0.11-0.38]. GIC restorations showed similar secondary caries incidence compared with resin-composite restorations in primary dentition [RR= 0.92, 95% CI:0.77-1.10] and permanent dentition [RR= 0.77, 95% CI:0.39-1.51]. Conventional GIC restorations showed similar secondary caries incidence compared with resin-modified GIC-restored teeth in both primary dentition [RR= 1.12, 95% CI:0.67-1.87] and permanent dentition [RR= 1.63, 95% CI:0.34-7.84]. CONCLUSIONS GIC restorations showed a superior preventive effect against secondary caries compared to amalgam restorations, and a similar preventive effect against secondary caries compared to resin-composite restorations in both primary and permanent teeth. [PROSPERO Registration ID: CRD42022380959].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan Quock
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Restorative Dentistry and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chun-Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ollie Yiru Yu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Vera-Virrueta CG, Sansores-Ambrosio F, Casanova-Rosado JF, Minaya-Sánchez MI, Casanova-Rosado AJ, Casanova-Sarmiento JA, Guadarrama-Reyes SC, de la Rosa-Santillana R, Medina-Solís CE, Maupomé G. Experience, Prevalence, and Severity of Dental Caries in Mexican Preschool and School-Aged Children. Cureus 2023; 15:e51079. [PMID: 38269237 PMCID: PMC10806378 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Dental caries in Mexico continues to be a public health problem, indicated by it is high prevalence and incidence in children. This disease is associated with pain in preschool and school children, with large-scale consequences for the individual, society, and health systems. The objective of the present study was to determine the experience (mean of caries indices), prevalence, and severity of caries in children 2-12 years of age who sought dental care at a dental school in Mexico. Material and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 826 clinical records of patients ages 2-12 years. The dependent variable was caries, in terms of experience (mean primary teeth (dmft) and permanent teeth (DMFT) indices), prevalence (dmft and DMFT greater than 0), and severity (cutoffs of caries indices at various levels). The independent variables were age and sex. The data were analyzed in Stata 14 (StataCorp LLC, College Station, Texas). Results The average age was 7.2±2.3; 52.4% were boys. In the primary dentition, the caries experience (mean dmft) was 3.01±3.30, the prevalence of caries was 65.8%, and the severity dmft>3=37.3% and dmft>6=15.6%. In the permanent dentition, the caries experience (mean DMFT) was 0.99±1.88, the prevalence of caries was 31.5%, and the severity DMFT>3=12.5% and DMFT>6=1.6%. The percentage of caries-free children in both dentitions was 26.1% (n=216/826). The experience, prevalence, and severity of caries were statistically different by age (p<0.001). Only in the severity of dmft>3 were differences observed across sex (p<0.05). Among children with mixed dentition, primary teeth were more affected than permanent teeth (2.46±2.87 vs 0.88±1.61; p<0.0001). Conclusions About seven out of 10 children were affected by cavities in either or both dentitions. It was observed that age was positively associated with dental caries, equally affecting girls and boys. In this sample, the primary dentition was impacted more than the permanent dentition. Despite being preventable, dental caries continues to be a health problem in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rubén de la Rosa-Santillana
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, MEX
| | - Carlo E Medina-Solís
- Advanced Studies and Research Center in Dentistry "Dr. Keisaburo Miyata" School of Dentistry, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico, Toluca, MEX
- Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute, Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, MEX
| | - Gerardo Maupomé
- Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Nadeeshani H, Kudagammana ST, Herath C, Jayasinghe R, Liyanage R. Early Childhood Caries and Nutritional Status of Children: A Review. Food Nutr Bull 2023; 44:249-264. [PMID: 38095292 DOI: 10.1177/03795721231209358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early childhood caries (ECC) is a serious public health issue affecting children around the world. Severe symptoms and complications commonly found with ECC are adverse effects on health and growth retardation triggered by sensitivity, pain, and abscesses associated with decayed teeth, premature tooth loss, and insufficient food intake due to difficulty in chewing and keeping food in the mouth. OBJECTIVE This article aims to provide an overview of the most recent and current evidence on the association between ECC and nutritional status with an aim to stimulate further research and to identify the impact of nutritional status on ECC and vice versa. METHODS PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were used to search the studies conducted between 2016 and 2022. The included studies were searched using some keyword combinations and saved in Mendeley Desktop for review and referencing. All books, policy briefs, thesis/dissertations, and non-peer-reviewed articles were excluded, and 47 studies were selected for this narrative review. RESULTS Many studies have identified long-term, frequent, and nocturnal bottle-feeding and breastfeeding as well as frequent consumption of sugary food and beverages as high-risk factors for ECC. Adverse nutritional status assessed by anthropometric measures, vitamin D status, and iron-deficiency anemia have been studied as risk factors for ECC. CONCLUSIONS Most of the prevailing studies are either case-control or cross-sectional studies, which are unable to provide strong evidence to prove the direction of causality. Thus, further prospective studies are needed to clarify the association between ECC and the nutritional status of children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harshani Nadeeshani
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Chandra Herath
- Department of Community Dental Health, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruwan Jayasinghe
- Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Ruvini Liyanage
- Division of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kim H, Han CY, Eun SH, Kim MG, Im AR, Lee B. Inhibitory effects of Bacillus velezensis ID-A01 supernatant against Streptococcus mutans. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:362. [PMID: 37996837 PMCID: PMC10668352 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03114-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries is a chronic oral disease caused by microbial infections, which result in erosion of the dental enamel and cause irreversible damage. Therefore, proper disease management techniques and the creation of an environment that prevents intraoral growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans in the early stages, are crucial to prevent the potential progression of dental plaque to disease. Here, we aimed to investigate antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of the Bacillus velezensis ID-A01 supernatant (ID23029) against S. mutans, and its inhibitory effects on acidogenesis. RESULTS A killing kinetics assay showed a peak lethality percentage of 94.5% after 6 h of exposure to ID23029. In sucrose-exposed conditions, ID23029 inhibited lactic acid formation, preventing the pH from falling below the threshold for enamel demineralization, and inhibited up to 96.6% of biofilm formation. This effect was maintained in the presence of lysozyme. Furthermore, ID23029 retained up to 92% lethality, even at an intraoral concentration at which lysozyme is ineffective against S. mutans. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the potential of the B. velezensis ID-A01 supernatant for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Its eventual use in dental practice is encouraged, although further studies are required to confirm its beneficial effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeoungeun Kim
- Research Laboratories, Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 20, Samsung 1-ro 1-gil, Hwaseong-si 18449, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi-Young Han
- Research Laboratories, Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 20, Samsung 1-ro 1-gil, Hwaseong-si 18449, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hyeon Eun
- Research Laboratories, Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 20, Samsung 1-ro 1-gil, Hwaseong-si 18449, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Goo Kim
- Research Laboratories, Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 20, Samsung 1-ro 1-gil, Hwaseong-si 18449, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Im
- Research Laboratories, Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 20, Samsung 1-ro 1-gil, Hwaseong-si 18449, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeonghun Lee
- Research Laboratories, Ildong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 20, Samsung 1-ro 1-gil, Hwaseong-si 18449, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbum-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Luo X, Niu J, Su G, Zhou L, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wang Q, Sun N. Research progress of biomimetic materials in oral medicine. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:72. [PMID: 37996886 PMCID: PMC10668381 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials are able to mimic the structure and functional properties of native tissues especially natural oral tissues. They have attracted growing attention for their potential to achieve configurable and functional reconstruction in oral medicine. Though tremendous progress has been made regarding biomimetic materials, significant challenges still remain in terms of controversy on the mechanism of tooth tissue regeneration, lack of options for manufacturing such materials and insufficiency of in vivo experimental tests in related fields. In this review, the biomimetic materials used in oral medicine are summarized systematically, including tooth defect, tooth loss, periodontal diseases and maxillofacial bone defect. Various theoretical foundations of biomimetic materials research are reviewed, introducing the current and pertinent results. The benefits and limitations of these materials are summed up at the same time. Finally, challenges and potential of this field are discussed. This review provides the framework and support for further research in addition to giving a generally novel and fundamental basis for the utilization of biomimetic materials in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Luo
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Jiayue Niu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Guanyu Su
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Linxi Zhou
- Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, 200011, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China
| | - Ningning Sun
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, No. 117 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lima LJS, da Consolação Soares ME, Moreira LV, Ramos-Jorge J, Ramos-Jorge ML, Marques LS, Fernandes IB. Family income modifies the association between frequent sugar intake and dental caries. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:535-542. [PMID: 36704857 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether family income modifies associations between dental caries and sex, age, mother's education, type of preschool, sugar intake, and toothbrushing. BACKGROUND Dental caries is a multifactorial dyanamic disease primarily mediated by biofilm and sugar. DESIGN A randomly selected sample of 308 Brazilian preschool children aged 1-3 years underwent a clinical oral examination for the assessment of moderate/extensive dental caries using codes 3-6 of the International Caries Detection and Assessment System. Mothers were asked to fill out a form addressing the child's demographic and socioeconomic characteristics as well as the frequency of sugar intake. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics, the chi-squared test, and Poisson regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of moderate/extensive dental caries was 42.5%. The adjusted model revealed that within low-income families (<2 times the monthly minimum wage), the prevalence of dental caries was higher among children with a high frequency of sugar intake (≥ twice per day) than in those with a low frequency of sugar intake (< twice a day) (RR = 1.79; CI: 1.38-2.33). In families with higher income (≥2 times the monthly wage), no significant association between sugar intake and dental caries was, however, found. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, monthly family income can modify the association between the high frequency of sugar intake and dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jordana Santos Lima
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Maria Eliza da Consolação Soares
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Luana Viviam Moreira
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Joana Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, Pediatric Dentistry., Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Leandro Silva Marques
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Izabella Barbosa Fernandes
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, Pediatric Dentistry., Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Hakeem FF, Hammudah HA, Masoudi AA, Habeeb AT, Aljohani RM, Almutairi SN. Is Parental Rating of Child's Oral Health Associated with Caries Experience in Children? A Cross-Sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:485-492. [PMID: 38304534 PMCID: PMC10829284 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_110_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim The Parents' view to the oral health of their children is a significant factor that can impact oral health practices and behaviors. The aim of this research was to investigate how parental assessment of their child's oral health associates with caries experience in children receiving dental treatment at the hospital of Taibah University Dental College. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 127 children who underwent dental treatment at Taibah University Dental College and Hospital during 2020-2021. Dental caries experience was assessed using the dmft/DMFT index, and parental rating of oral health was obtained through a questionnaire. Three logistic regression models were used to assess the correlation between dental caries experience and parental rating of oral health while controlling for sociodemographic and behavioral factors. Results Most parents rated the oral health of their child as good (60.4%), followed by excellent (18.8%) and very good (15.6%). The mean dmft/DMFT score was 3.47 ± 3.46, with 43.8% of children having high/very high dental caries experience. Logistic regression analysis showed that children whose parents rated their oral health as poor were more likely to have high/very high dental caries experience compared to those rated as excellent/very good/good/fair (adjusted odds ratio = 4.45, 95% confidence interval 1.23-16.07). Conclusion This study suggests a link between parental assessment of their child's oral health and an elevated prevalence of dental caries in children. The study found that children whose parents rated their oral health as suboptimal had higher odds of having high dental caries experience. These findings emphasize the significance of parental perception of their child's oral health and suggest a necessity for customized interventions to enhance parental knowledge and practices concerning children's oral health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F Hakeem
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Hammudah
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulsamad T Habeeb
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rola M Aljohani
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad N Almutairi
- College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al-Madinah al-Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Nawa N, Nishimura H, Matsuyama Y, Doi S, Isumi A, Fujiwara T. Association between the number of convenience stores and caries status in permanent teeth among elementary school children: results from the A-CHILD population-based longitudinal cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1228197. [PMID: 37954054 PMCID: PMC10637395 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1228197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Japan, people have rich access to 24-h convenience stores where they can buy sweets, juice and fluoride hygiene products, among others. However, the association between the number of convenience stores in a neighbourhood and caries in elementary school children status has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate this particular association. Methods Data were derived from a population-based longitudinal cohort study (A-CHILD study) of elementary school children from first-grade to fourth-grade in Adachi City, Tokyo. Caregivers were asked to complete a questionnaire in 2015, 2016, and 2018. A total of 3,136 caregivers provided a valid response. We analysed the association using multilevel Poisson regression. Results The mean number of caries among children in school districts with low, middle, and high number of convenience stores was 0.31 (SD: 0.81), 0.21 (SD: 0.69), and 0.16 (SD: 0.58). After covariate adjustment, children in the school districts with high and middle number of convenience stores had 44% (mean ratio 0.56, 95% CI: 0.31, 0.998) and 31% (mean ratio 0.69, 95% CI: 0.42, 1.13) fewer caries in their permanent teeth, respectively, than children in the school districts with low number of convenience stores. We also found dose-response relationship (p for trend: 0.042). Conclusion Higher number of convenience stores in a school district was associated with fewer caries in permanent teeth among elementary school children. Further study elucidating the mechanism on this protective association is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nobutoshi Nawa
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisaaki Nishimura
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Matsuyama
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satomi Doi
- Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Isumi
- Department of Health Policy, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeo Fujiwara
- Department of Global Health Promotion, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Khoramrooz M, Mirrezaie SM, Emamian MH, Golbabaei Pasandi H, Dadgari A, Hashemi H, Fotouhi A. Economic inequalities in decayed, missing, and filled first permanent molars among 8-12 years old Iranian schoolchildren. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:728. [PMID: 37805469 PMCID: PMC10559400 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03471-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND First permanent molars (FPM) play an important role in the masticatory function and oral health. This study aimed to assess the economic inequalities of FPM health indices among schoolchildren in the northeast of Iran. METHODS A total of 4051 children aged 8-12 years old were included in the analyses of this cross-sectional study in 2015. Economic status was measured using the principal component analysis on home assets. Concentration index (C) was used to measure economic inequality in FPM health indices, and its contributing factors determined by Wagstaff decomposition technique. RESULTS The prevalence of having decayed, missing, and filled FPMs among children was 40.9% (95% CI: 38.8-43.0), 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8-1.6%), and 7.8% (95% CI: 6.7-8.9%), respectively. Missing FPM was generally more concentrated among low-economic children (C=-0.158), whereas, filled FPM was more concentrated on high-economic children (C = 0.223). Economic status, mother education, having a housekeeper mother, and overweight/obesity, contributed to the measured inequality in missing FPM by 98.7%, 97.5%, 64.4%, and 11.2%, respectively. Furthermore, 88.9%, 24.1%, 14.5%, and 13.2% of filled FPM inequality was attributable to children's economic status, father education, residence in rural areas, and age, respectively. CONCLUSION There is a significant economic inequality in both missing and filled FPM. This inequality can be attributed to the economic status of individuals. To reduce FPM extraction, it is important to target low-income and rural children and provide them with FPM restoration services. Additionally, it is necessary to provide training to less-educated parents and housekeeper mothers to address the observed inequalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khoramrooz
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mirrezaie
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Emamian
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
| | - Hajar Golbabaei Pasandi
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Dadgari
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hassan Hashemi
- Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Fotouhi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Fernandes TDO, Carvalho PA, Abreu FVD, Kirschneck C, Küchler EC, Antunes LS, Antunes LAA. Association between nutritional status and children and adolescents' dental caries experiences: an overview of systematic reviews. J Appl Oral Sci 2023; 31:e20230138. [PMID: 37792809 PMCID: PMC10561963 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of systematic reviews (SR) has investigated the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents, thus requiring an overview to compile the information in a single piece of evidence. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate and summarize evidence from published SR on the association between dental caries and nutritional status in children and adolescents. A wide search was conducted on May 29, 2023, in six databases (Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane library, Embase, and the Virtual Health Library - VHL). An additional search was performed in the gray literature (Open grey and Google Scholar), SR registration databases, and the list of references of the included SR. Our inclusion criteria were based on acronym PECOS. Overall, two reviewers independently extracted the data, evaluated the risk of bias (ROBIS), and assessed the quality of the chosen studies (AMSTAR-2). Data from the included meta-analysis were summarized and certainty of evidence using the GRADE approach was performed. After removing duplicates and applying our eligibility criteria, 19 SR from 2006-2022 were included. We found that 17 SR showed high risk of bias and critically low methodological quality. We observed an association between dental caries experiences and nutritional status since seven SR found an association between obesity/overweight and dental caries; one, an association between underweight and dental caries; and eleven, no associations. The meta-analysis showed divergent results according to the study designs, used indices, and participants' age group, and were scored as having a very low certainty of evidence. Therefore, based on the high risk of bias, low methodological quality, and very low certainty of evidence of the chosen SR, most studies found no association between children and adolescents' nutritional status and dental caries experience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaís de Oliveira Fernandes
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Programa de pós-graduação em odontologia, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brasil
| | - Patrícia Arriaga Carvalho
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de pós-graduação em Odontologia, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Volpe de Abreu
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Programa de pós-graduação em odontologia, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brasil
| | | | | | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Programa de pós-graduação em odontologia, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brasil
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de pós-graduação em Odontologia, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| | - Lívia Azeredo Alves Antunes
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Programa de pós-graduação em odontologia, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brasil
- Universidade Federal Fluminense, Faculdade de Odontologia, Programa de pós-graduação em Odontologia, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Nath S, Sethi S, Bastos JL, Constante HM, Mejia G, Haag D, Kapellas K, Jamieson L. The Global Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries among Racially Minoritized Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Caries Res 2023; 57:485-508. [PMID: 37734332 DOI: 10.1159/000533565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Racially minoritized children often bear a greater burden of dental caries, but the overall magnitude of racial gaps in oral health and their underlying factors are unknown. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to fill these knowledge gaps. We compared racially minoritized (E) children aged 5-11 years (P) with same-age privileged groups (C) to determine the magnitude and correlates of racial inequities in dental caries (O) in observational studies (S). Using the PICOS selection criteria, a targeted search was performed from inception to December 1, 2021, in nine major electronic databases and an online web search for additional grey literature. The primary outcome measures were caries severity, as assessed by mean decayed, missing, and filled teeth (dmft) among children and untreated dental caries prevalence (d > 0%). The meta-analysis used the random-effects model to calculate standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Subgroup analysis, tests for heterogeneity (I2, Galbraith plot), leave-one-out sensitivity analysis, cumulative analysis, and publication bias (Egger's test and funnel plots) tests were carried out. The New Castle Ottawa scale was used to assess risk of bias. This review was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021282771. A total of 75 publications were included in the descriptive analysis. The SMD of dmft score was higher by 2.30 (95% CI: 0.45, 4.15), and the prevalence of untreated dental caries was 23% (95% CI: 16, 31) higher among racially minoritized children, compared to privileged groups. Cumulative analysis showed worsening caries outcomes for racially marginalized children over time and larger inequities in dmft among high-income countries. Our study highlights the high caries burden among minoritized children globally by estimating overall trends and comparing against factors including time, country, and world income. The large magnitude of these inequities, combined with empirical evidence on the oral health impacts of racism and other forms of oppression, reinforce that oral health equity can only be achieved with social and political changes at a global level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Nath
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sneha Sethi
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - João L Bastos
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Helena M Constante
- Department of Sociological Studies, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gloria Mejia
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dandara Haag
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kostas Kapellas
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lisa Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, Adelaide Dental School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sobral APT, Santos EM, Leal Gonçalves ML, Ferri EP, Junior WSB, Gimenez T, Gallo JMAS, Horliana ACRT, Motta LJ, Kalil Bussadori S. Efficacy of antibiotic and iodoform pastes in non-instrumental endodontic treatment of anterior primary teeth-Protocol for a randomized controlled clinical. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291133. [PMID: 37682887 PMCID: PMC10490878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The maintenance of the deciduous tooth until its physiological exfoliation occurs is one of the main objectives of pediatric dentistry. Endodontic treatment in deciduous teeth resulting from carious or traumatic lesions with pulpal involvement is often necessary and we often find it difficult to perform it, due to the difficult control of the child, the internal anatomy of the root canals, and root resorptions. The non-instrumental endodontic treatment technique (NIET) associated with antimicrobial drugs has advantages such as shorter chair time and less complexity than the conventional technique in which root canal instrumentation is performed. The aim of this study is to carry out a controlled and randomized clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of (NIET) in primary teeth associated with the use of two obturator pastes. One hundred and twenty necrotic deciduous teeth of children aged between 3 and 6 years will be selected; and the teeth will be divided into two groups. In Group 1 and Group 2, root canals will not be instrumented, just irrigated and filled with the respective pastes, antibiotic (CTZ) and iodoform (Guedes-Pinto). Presence of fistula and mobility will be clinically evaluated. The evaluations will be carried out in both groups on the day of treatment and in periods of 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment. For the main outcome, the tooth will be the unit of analysis and the Kaplan-Meier test will be performed to estimate the survival rates of the included teeth. For comparison between the two groups, Student's t test or Mann-Whitney test will be performed, depending on the normality of the data. In addition, Poisson regression analyzes will be carried out, in order to allow the evaluation of the influence of some variables on the results. For all analyses, the significance value will be adjusted to 5%. Trial registration: NCT04587089 in ClinicalTrials.gov. Approval date: May 15, 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Taboada Sobral
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Elaine Marcilio Santos
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Marcela Leticia Leal Gonçalves
- Postgraduation Program in Health and Environment, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | - Elza Padilha Ferri
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | | | - Thais Gimenez
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lara Jansiski Motta
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Kalil Bussadori
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos, Santos, Brazil
- Postgraduation Program in Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Manchanda S, Sardana D, Peng S, Lo ECM, Chandwani N, K Y Yiu C. Is Mutans Streptococci count a risk predictor of Early Childhood Caries? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:648. [PMID: 37679718 PMCID: PMC10483843 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The review aims to determine the risk predictability of mutans streptococci in the development of carious lesions in children with primary dentition. METHODS Longitudinal observational studies with at least 6 months follow-up and evaluating mutans streptococci presence in caries-free children under 6 years of age for the development of any cavitated or non-cavitated carious lesion. Six databases and grey literature were searched without any restrictions. Risk of bias was evaluated using the New Castle Ottawa scale for longitudinal studies, and the certainty of the evidence was evaluated by Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation using GRADEpro software. Meta-analysis was performed using a random effect (DerSimonian and Laird, DL) model, and heterogeneity was evaluated using tau-squared, I2 statistics and prediction interval. Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the mutans streptococci presence at baseline and the caries development, according to the sample and methods used for the microbiological assessment and the length of follow-up of the studies. Publication bias was checked by funnel plot using a random effect (DerSimonian and Laird, DL) model. RESULTS Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Four studies received a maximum of 9 stars, and among the remaining eight studies, six received 8 stars and the rest two studies were assigned 7 stars in the risk of bias scale. After pooling the results quantitatively, odds ratio (OR) was found to be 4.13 (95% CI: 3.33, 5.12), suggesting that children with mutans streptococci had 4 times higher odds of developing caries later (p < 0.001). Four studies were pooled to compare future caries experience among children with and without mutans streptococci at baseline, obtaining standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.85 (95% CI: 0.33, 1.37), indicating a large effect (p < 0.001). Certainty of evidence was found to be moderate, and no publication bias was reported by the funnel plot criteria of symmetry. CONCLUSIONS Presence of mutans streptococci in a preschool child is a risk predictor for future caries experience. Early identification of children with increased caries-risk may facilitate in implementation of appropriate preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Manchanda
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, Hong Kong
| | - Divesh Sardana
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Health Sciences Centre College of Dentistry, The University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Simin Peng
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, Hong Kong
| | - Edward C M Lo
- Department of Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, Hong Kong
| | - Neeta Chandwani
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cynthia K Y Yiu
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong S.A.R, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Rayos-Verdugo JY, Rivera-Chaparro F, Castro-Salazar GY, Ramírez-Álvarez M, Romero-Quintana JG, Loyola-Rodríguez JP, Zavala-Alonso NV, Avendaño-Félix M, Soto-Sainz JE, Silva-Benítez EDL. Propylene Glycol Potentiates the Inhibitory Action of CTZ Paste on Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from the Root Canal: An In Vitro Study. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2208. [PMID: 37764052 PMCID: PMC10537855 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate if the change of vehicle for CTZ (Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, zinc oxide, and Eugenol) paste improves the inhibition of Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. The vehicles evaluated alone and mixed with CTZ were Eugenol, propylene glycol (PG), super-oxidized solution (SOS), grapefruit-seed extract (GSE), and 0.9% saline solution as a negative control. A clinical isolate of E. faecalis was morphologically and biochemically characterized, and its antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using 20 antimicrobial agents. Once characterized, the clinical isolate was cultivated to perform the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method with paper discs embedded with the different vehicles mixed or used alone, and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and the means were compared using Tukey test with a significance level of p < 0.05. For vehicles used alone, GSE presented the greatest inhibition showing a statistically significant difference with the rest of the vehicles. When vehicles were mixed with the CTZ paste, PG showed a greater inhibition with a statistically significant difference from the rest of the vehicles. In conclusion, the vehicle used to mix the CTZ paste plays an important role in the inhibition of E. faecalis in vitro; therefore, we consider that this can be an important factor to achieve success in the use of this technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Yareli Rayos-Verdugo
- Especialidad de Odontopediatría, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico;
| | - Fernando Rivera-Chaparro
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (F.R.-C.); (J.G.R.-Q.)
| | - Gloria Yolanda Castro-Salazar
- Especialidad de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (G.Y.C.-S.); (M.R.-Á.); (M.A.-F.); (J.E.S.-S.)
| | - Maricela Ramírez-Álvarez
- Especialidad de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (G.Y.C.-S.); (M.R.-Á.); (M.A.-F.); (J.E.S.-S.)
- Maestría en Rehabilitación Oral Avanzada, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico;
| | - José Geovanni Romero-Quintana
- Laboratorio de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (F.R.-C.); (J.G.R.-Q.)
| | - Juan Pablo Loyola-Rodríguez
- Maestría en Rehabilitación Oral Avanzada, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico;
- Maestría en Odontología Integral del Niño y el Adolescente, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico
| | - Norma Verónica Zavala-Alonso
- Maestría en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Estomatología, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico;
| | - Mariana Avendaño-Félix
- Especialidad de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (G.Y.C.-S.); (M.R.-Á.); (M.A.-F.); (J.E.S.-S.)
- Maestría en Rehabilitación Oral Avanzada, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico;
| | - Jesús Eduardo Soto-Sainz
- Especialidad de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (G.Y.C.-S.); (M.R.-Á.); (M.A.-F.); (J.E.S.-S.)
- Maestría en Rehabilitación Oral Avanzada, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico;
| | - Erika de Lourdes Silva-Benítez
- Especialidad de Endodoncia, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico; (G.Y.C.-S.); (M.R.-Á.); (M.A.-F.); (J.E.S.-S.)
- Maestría en Rehabilitación Oral Avanzada, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80040, Mexico;
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jiang R, Yu J, Islam R, Li X, Nie E. Dental Caries Prevention Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice among Patients at a University Hospital in Guangzhou, China. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1559. [PMID: 37763677 PMCID: PMC10535681 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of patients regarding dental caries prevention in a university hospital in Guangzhou, China. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based KAP survey was conducted in a cross-sectional manner at the First Affiliated Hospital in Guangzhou, China, from 1 September to 30 September 2022. Questionnaires were distributed to eligible patients, resulting in the participation of 251 individuals. The questionnaire consisted of five sections capturing socio-demographic data and exploring participants' knowledge, attitudes, practice, and accurate preventive dental caries knowledge. Descriptive statistics and a generalized linear model with univariate tests were used for analysis. Results: The study results show that the knowledge score 7.97 (±0.91) and attitudes score 7.67 (±0.89) among the participants were good while the practice score was 6.80 (±0.81) moderate. The majority of participants identified tooth infections (81.3%), bacteria (92%), and sugar (89.2%) as the main causes of gum bleeding and tooth decay. Brushing (96%) and fluoride (80.5%) were also recognized as essential for preventing tooth decay. Of oral diseases, 94% were recognized as potentially affecting overall health. The vast majority ranging from 92.8% to 98%, believed that oral health is crucial to overall health and that regular check-ups and proper brushing habits are beneficial. There is a significant association of gender with age (p = 0.018), occupation (p = 0.050), lifestyle habit (p = 0.012), and knowledge score; whole education is significantly associated with practice score (p = 0.050). Conclusions: The majority of patients exhibited accurate knowledge and attitudes with moderate practice towards dental caries prevention, with socio-demographic factors playing a major role. However, effective implementation of dental health education programs across the healthcare system is still required to further enhance outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiali Yu
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Rafiqul Islam
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan;
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.J.); (J.Y.)
| | - Ermin Nie
- Department of Stomatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhong Shan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, China; (R.J.); (J.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Uthayakumar T, Bennett JX, Cartas HL, Brunet M, Vo KL, Kroon J. Passive Smoking and Oral Health of Infants, Preschoolers, and Children: A Systematic Review. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:1625-1632. [PMID: 37311007 PMCID: PMC10445258 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Almost half of the world's children experience passive smoking, which is linked to numerous oral health conditions. The aim is to synthesize data on the impact of passive smoking on oral health of infants, preschoolers, and children. AIMS AND METHODS A search was conducted across Medline (via EBSCOhost), PubMed, and Scopus up to February 2023. Risk of bias was assessed according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RESULTS The initial search produced 1221 records and after removal of duplicates, screening by title and abstract, and full-text assessment, 25 studies were eligible for review and data extraction. The majority of studies (94.4%) found a correlation between passive smoking and increased prevalence of dental caries with three studies suggesting a dose-response relationship. Prenatal passive smoking exposure in 81.8% of studies indicated an increased dental caries experience compared to postnatal exposure. Low parental education, socioeconomic status, dietary habits, oral hygiene, and gender affected the level of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and dental caries risk. CONCLUSIONS The results of this systematic review strongly suggest a significant association between dental caries in the deciduous dentition and passive smoking. Early intervention and education on the effects of passive smoking on infants and children will allow for the improvement in oral health outcomes and reduction in smoking-associated systemic conditions. The results justify all health professionals paying more attention to passive smoking when conducting pediatric patient histories, contributing to improved diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning with more suitable follow-up schedules. IMPLICATIONS The evidence from this review that environmental tobacco smoke and passive smoking is a risk factor for oral health conditions, both prenatally and postnatally during early childhood, justifies all health professionals paying more attention to passive smoking when conducting pediatric patient histories. Early intervention and appropriate parental education regarding the effects of secondhand smoke on infants and children will allow for the minimization of dental caries, improvement in oral health outcomes and overall reduction in smoking-associated systemic conditions for the children exposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thusheka Uthayakumar
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Hazel Leah Cartas
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mylène Brunet
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kim Loan Vo
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jeroen Kroon
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Aimond G, Thivichon-Prince B, Bernard-Granger C, Gisle C, Caron T, Jiokeng AV, Majoli S, Maurin JC, Ducret M, Laforest L. Oral Health of Rural Cameroonian Children: A Pilot Study in Bamendou. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1396. [PMID: 37628396 PMCID: PMC10453488 DOI: 10.3390/children10081396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Access to dental care in Cameroon is a public health issue, particularly for children living in rural areas. Given the lack of recent data, the investigation of children's oral health along with their oral hygiene behavior, needs in terms of care, and access to oral hygiene materials were investigated. This cross-sectional pilot study was conducted in Bamendou, Western Region of Cameroon. The study population included 265 children aged 3-18 years who completed a questionnaire about their oral hygiene practices. A clinical examination assessed dental caries, calculus, gingivitis, and oral hygiene. The Chi-squared test was used to identify potential factors influencing caries prevalence rates (significance threshold: p < 0.05). Among the 265 children (females: 41.5%, mean age 9.3 years), caries prevalence (ICDAS ≥ 2) was 78.5% and significantly increased with age: 62.2% (3-6 years), 80.9% (7-11 years) and 84.1% (12-18 years, p = 0.01). Virtually no children (95.1%) had ever visited a dentist. While only 23.4% of children brushed their teeth at least twice a day, 14% worryingly reported the use of products other than toothpaste (ash, soap, salt, or bicarbonate) and 13.6% no brushing product. The present study revealed a high prevalence of dental caries in this population and inadequate toothbrushing habits, which highlights the need for preventive oral health education and intervention to address these issues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Aimond
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Thivichon-Prince
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR CNRS 5305, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Célia Bernard-Granger
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Coline Gisle
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Tatiana Caron
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Andre Valdese Jiokeng
- Solidarité Sans Frontières, Yaounde P.O. Box 4260, Cameroon
- Groupe Médical St-Hilaire (GMSH) Bastos, Yaounde P.O. Box 5123, Cameroon
| | - Stefano Majoli
- Independent Researcher, 1212 Lancy, Switzerland
- Département de Prévention et Pathologie Buccale, Division de Stomatologie et Chirurgie Orale, Université de Genève, 1202 Genève, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Christophe Maurin
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, UMR CNRS 5305, 69367 Lyon, France
| | - Maxime Ducret
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Pôle D’Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Laforest
- Faculté d’Odontologie, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France; (B.T.-P.); (C.B.-G.); (C.G.); (T.C.); (J.-C.M.); (M.D.); (L.L.)
- Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 5615, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
da Silva MER, de Sena MD, Colombo NH, Pereira JA, Chrisostomo DA, de Aguiar SMHCÁ, Cunha RF, Duque C. Short-term Clinical and Microbiological Performance of Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Chlorhexidine for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023; 16:S27-S32. [PMID: 37663206 PMCID: PMC10474391 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study evaluated the short-term clinical and microbiological performance of resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RM-GIC) cement containing chlorhexidine (CHX) for atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) in primary teeth. Materials and methods The clinical trial was conducted in 36 children that received ART in primary molars either with GIC (group I, n = 18) or GIC containing 1.25% CHX (group II, n = 18). The survival rate of restorations was checked 7 days, 3, and 6 months after their application when saliva and biofilm were collected for microbiological assessment of mutans streptococci (MS) counts. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis/Mann-Whitney U tests for clinical analysis and microbiological evaluations (p < 0.05). Results The survival rate of restorations was similar comparing groups I with II. Microbiological analysis showed a significant reduction in MS levels 7 days after the treatment in both saliva and biofilm of children treated with RM-GIC containing CHX (group II); however, MS counts at 3 and 6 months did not differ from the initial counts. Conclusion A total of 1.25% CHX improved the microbiological properties of GIC in the short term without impairing the clinical performance of ART restorations. Clinical significance Glass ionomer cement (GIC) containing CHX could be an alternative in ART procedures with the objective of promoting an additional antimicrobial effect, which is interesting for children with high counts of MS during the initial phase of adaptation to dental treatment. How to cite this article da Silva ME, de Sena MD, Colombo NH, et al. Short-term Clinical and Microbiological Performance of Resin-modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Chlorhexidine for Atraumatic Restorative Treatment. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-1):S27-S32.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márjully ER da Silva
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina D de Sena
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália H Colombo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jesse A Pereira
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela A Chrisostomo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra MHCÁ de Aguiar
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson F Cunha
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Duque
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|