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Tanabe Y, Kondo E, Sagayama H, Shimizu K, Yasumatsu M, Nakamura D, Fujii N, Takahashi H. Impact of curcumin supplementation on exercise performance and muscle damage after a soccer match: a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:2161-2170. [PMID: 38436665 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05429-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Curcumin ingestion can mitigate muscle damage, soreness, and inflammation following a laboratory-based eccentric exercise. Similar effects were observed in recent field-based studies wherein responses were evaluated after a soccer match. However, various potential confounding factors, such as matching opponent skill levels and daily training conditions, may have influenced the outcomes. In the present study, we investigated whether curcumin intake ameliorates changes in muscle damage markers following a soccer match while controlling for the potential confounding factors. METHODS Fifteen collegiate athletes were tested in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over manner. They were recruited from the same college soccer team and thus followed the same daily training regimen and competition levels. Furthermore, athletes positioning during matches were counterbalanced. They consumed either 180 mg/day of curcumin or a placebo starting 1 h before the match and continuing for 2 days after a match (two 45-min plays and a 15-min half-time). Muscle soreness, jump performance (including countermovement jump and rebound jump index), and inflammatory and muscle damage markers (high-sensitive C-reactive protein, serum creatine kinase activity, and urinary N-terminal fragment of titin concentration) were evaluated before and after the match. The washout period between matches was set at 1 week. RESULTS After the match, all markers showed similarity between the placebo and curcumin conditions (all P > 0.208). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that ingesting 180 mg/day of curcumin may not expedite recovery from muscle damage elicited by soccer matches in collegiate soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Tanabe
- Department of Sport Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan.
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, Toyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Emi Kondo
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Sports Medical Center, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sagayama
- Department of Sport Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shimizu
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Sport Science and Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Daisuke Nakamura
- Department of Sport Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Japan Football Association (JFA), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujii
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Takahashi
- Department of Sport Research, Japan Institute of Sports Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Bertuccioli A, Zonzini GB, Cazzaniga M, Cardinali M, Di Pierro F, Gregoretti A, Zerbinati N, Guasti L, Matera MR, Cavecchia I, Palazzi CM. Sports-Related Gastrointestinal Disorders: From the Microbiota to the Possible Role of Nutraceuticals, a Narrative Analysis. Microorganisms 2024; 12:804. [PMID: 38674748 PMCID: PMC11051759 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Intense physical exercise can be related to a significant incidence of gastrointestinal symptoms, with a prevalence documented in the literature above 80%, especially for more intense forms such as running. This is in an initial phase due to the distancing of the flow of blood from the digestive system to the skeletal muscle and thermoregulatory systems, and secondarily to sympathetic nervous activation and hormonal response with alteration of intestinal motility, transit, and nutrient absorption capacity. The sum of these effects results in a localized inflammatory process with disruption of the intestinal microbiota and, in the long term, systemic inflammation. The most frequent early symptoms include abdominal cramps, flatulence, the urge to defecate, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, regurgitation, chest pain, heartburn, and belching. Promoting the stability of the microbiota can contribute to the maintenance of correct intestinal permeability and functionality, with better control of these symptoms. The literature documents various acute and chronic alterations of the microbiota following the practice of different types of activities. Several nutraceuticals can have functional effects on the control of inflammatory dynamics and the stability of the microbiota, exerting both nutraceutical and prebiotic effects. In particular, curcumin, green tea catechins, boswellia, berberine, and cranberry PACs can show functional characteristics in the management of these situations. This narrative review will describe its application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Bertuccioli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy; (A.B.); (G.B.Z.); (M.C.)
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Giordano Bruno Zonzini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy; (A.B.); (G.B.Z.); (M.C.)
| | - Massimiliano Cazzaniga
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milano, Italy
| | - Marco Cardinali
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61122 Urbino, Italy; (A.B.); (G.B.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infermi Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Pierro
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
- Scientific & Research Department, Velleja Research, 20125 Milano, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Aurora Gregoretti
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Nicola Zerbinati
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Luigina Guasti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insurbia, 21100 Varese, Italy; (N.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Matera
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Ilaria Cavecchia
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Chiara Maria Palazzi
- Microbiota International Clinical Society, 10123 Torino, Italy; (M.C.); (F.D.P.); (A.G.); (M.R.M.); (I.C.)
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Khalafi M, Maleki AH, Symonds ME, Sakhaei MH, Rosenkranz SK, Ehsanifar M, Korivi M, Liu Y. Interleukin-15 responses to acute and chronic exercise in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1288537. [PMID: 38235143 PMCID: PMC10791876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1288537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Interlukin-15 (IL-15) is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a vital role in immunology and obesity-associated metabolic syndrome. We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether exercise promotes circulating IL-15 concentrations in adults. Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to May, 2023 and identified original studies that investigated the effectiveness of acute and/or chronic exercise on serum/plasma IL-15 levels in adults. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using random effect models. Subgroup analyses were performed based on type of exercise, and training status, health status and body mass indexes (BMI) of participants. Results Fifteen studies involving 411 participants and 12 studies involving 899 participants were included in the acute and chronic exercise analyses, respectively. Our findings showed that acute exercise increased circulating IL-15 concentrations immediately after exercise compared with baseline [SMD=0.90 (95% CI: 0.47 to 1.32), p=0.001], regardless of exercise type and participants' training status. Similarly, acute exercise was also associated with increased IL-15 concentrations even one-hour after exercise [SMD=0.50 (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.99), p=0.04]. Nevertheless, chronic exercise did not have a significant effect on IL-15 concentrations [SMD=0.40 (95% CI: -0.08 to 0.88), p=0.10]. Conclusion Our results confirm that acute exercise is effective in increasing the IL-15 concentrations immediately and one-hour after exercise intervention, and thereby playing a potential role in improving metabolism in adults. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=445634, identifier CRD42023445634.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Aref Habibi Maleki
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Michael E. Symonds
- Academic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, Centre for Perinatal Research, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sakhaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
| | - Sara K. Rosenkranz
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, United States
| | - Mahsa Ehsanifar
- Department of Exercise Physiology and Corrective Exercises, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Institute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Institute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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Deere R, Chowdhury E, Tabor A, Thompson D, Bilzon JLJ. The effects of upper- vs. lower-body aerobic exercise on perceived pain in individuals with chronic knee pain: a randomised crossover trial. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2023; 4:1277482. [PMID: 38124706 PMCID: PMC10731310 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2023.1277482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectives Some patients with chronic knee pain experience an increase in knee pain following a single bout of exercise involving their knee joint, which can negatively affect exercise adherence and thus result in reduced overall health and lack of disease management. We want to determine whether a single bout of upper-body (UB) aerobic arm-ergometry exercise is effective in reducing the experience of pain in those with chronic knee pain compared with lower-body (LB) aerobic leg ergometry exercise. Methods A total of 19 individuals (women = 11, men = 8; age = 63 ± 8 years; body mass index = 24 ± 3 kg/m2) who suffered from chronic knee pain for ≥3 months took part in this study. Arm-ergometry and cycle-ergometry exercises were performed for 30 min at a moderate intensity, separated by 7 days. Pain intensity was assessed by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS) pre- and post-exercise and for 7 days post-exercise. Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and mechanical detection threshold (MDT) were measured pre- and post-exercise at both local and distal anatomical sites. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Results VAS pain was significantly reduced (p = 0.035) at 1 day post-exercise following the UB exercise trial (-1.4 ± 0.8) when compared with the LB exercise trial (+0.1 ± 2.1). Both UB and LB exercises were effective in reducing local and distal PPT. MDT responses were heterogeneous, and no differences between the UB and LB exercise conditions were noted. Conclusion An acute bout of upper-body aerobic arm-ergometry exercise evoked a significant decrease in the affected knee joint pain in individuals with chronic knee pain of up to 24 h/1 day post-exercise compared with lower-body aerobic exercise. While the exact mechanisms remain unclear, upper-body exercise may offer a viable, novel therapeutic treatment for patients with chronic knee pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Deere
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Trials Research, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Enhad Chowdhury
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Abby Tabor
- Faculty of Health and Applied Sciences, University of West England, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan Thompson
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - James L. J. Bilzon
- Centre for Clinical Rehabilitation and Exercise Medicine (CREM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism (CNEM), Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
- Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications (CAMERA), University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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Djaali W, Mighra BA, Nurdin F, Setiakarnawijaya Y. Press-Tack Needle Acupuncture Reduces Postexercise Blood Lactic-Acid Levels in Sports Students. Med Acupunct 2023; 35:246-250. [PMID: 37920859 PMCID: PMC10618804 DOI: 10.1089/acu.2023.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In sports, recovery after exercise is a very important process for athletes. Several studies have shown that the rate of an athletes recovery can be increased by several modalities, one of which is acupuncture. This study was conducted to learn how press-tack needle acupuncture reduces blood lactic-acid levels after sports students exercise. Materials and Methods This was a randomized controlled trial. Twenty-four sports students were divided into 2 groups: (1) an acupuncture group (n = 12) and (2) a control group (n = 12). In each acupuncture group member press-tack needles were attached on PC-6 Neiguan and ST-36 Zusanli 30 minutes before doing high-intensity exercise. Measurement of lactic-acid levels was performed at 5 minutes and at 30 minutes after exercise. Results The mean levels of lactic acid at 5 minutes after exercise in the acupuncture group were higher (p = 0.028), compared to the control group. The mean levels of lactic acid at 30 minutes after exercise in the acupuncture group was lower (p = 0.572) than in the control group. The mean reduction of lactic acid levels in the acupuncture group from 5 minutes after exercise to 30 minutes after exercise was statistically higher (p = 0.007) than in the control group. Conclusions Press-tack needle acupuncture affects reduction of lactic-acid levels after high-intensity physical exercise. Further studies are needed to investigate the more-detailed biochemical mechanisms.This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (ID: NCT04892784).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahyuningsih Djaali
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Central Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Fatah Nurdin
- Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
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Orange ST. What is the optimal type and dose of physical activity for colorectal cancer prevention? Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2023; 66:101841. [PMID: 37852708 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2023.101841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological evidence shows that higher levels of physical activity reduce the relative risk of colon cancer by up to 20%. To design optimal physical activity interventions for primary prevention, it is important to understand how the specific characteristics of physical activity (type, intensity, overall volume) influence the magnitude of colon cancer risk reduction. Improving our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms will also help to manipulate physical activity characteristics to precisely target mechanisms of action and identify populations most likely to benefit. This review synthesizes the best available evidence to explore how the type and dose of physical activity moderate the protective effect of physical activity on colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T Orange
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; School of Biomedical, Nutritional and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
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Khalafi M, Sakhaei MH, Symonds ME, Noori Mofrad SR, Liu Y, Korivi M. Impact of Exercise in Hypoxia on Inflammatory Cytokines in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:50. [PMID: 37382855 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00584-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both acute exercise and environmental hypoxia may elevate inflammatory cytokines, but the inflammatory response in the hypoxic exercise is remaining unknown. OBJECTIVE We performed this systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effect of exercise in hypoxia on inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10. METHODS PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched to identify the original articles that compared the effect of exercise in hypoxia with normoxia on IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 changes, published up to March 2023. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random effect model to (1) determine the effect of exercise in hypoxia, (2) determine the effect of exercise in normoxia and (3) compare the effect of exercise in hypoxia with normoxia on IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 responses. RESULTS Twenty-three studies involving 243 healthy, trained and athlete subjects with a mean age range from 19.8 to 41.0 years were included in our meta-analysis. On comparing exercise in hypoxia with normoxia, no differences were found in the response of IL-6 [0.17 (95% CI - 0.08 to 0.43), p = 0.17] and TNF-α [0.17 (95% CI - 0.10 to 0.46), p = 0.21] between the conditions. Exercise in hypoxia significantly increased IL-10 concentration [0.60 (95% CI 0.17 to 1.03), p = 0.006] compared with normoxia. In addition, exercise during both hypoxia and normoxia increased IL-6 and IL-10, whereas TNF-α was increased only in hypoxic exercise condition. CONCLUSION Overall, exercise in both hypoxia and normoxia increased inflammatory cytokines; however, hypoxic exercise may lead to a greater inflammatory response in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa Khalafi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Sakhaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran
| | - Michael E Symonds
- Centre for Perinatal Research, Academic Unit of Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Saeid Reza Noori Mofrad
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran
| | - Yubo Liu
- Institute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua City, 321004, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Mallikarjuna Korivi
- Institute of Human Movement and Sports Engineering, College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua City, 321004, Zhejiang, China.
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Kuhne LA, Ksiezarczyk AM, Braumann KM, Reer R, Jacobs T, Röder B, Hötting K. Cardiovascular exercise, learning, memory, and cytokines: Results of a ten-week randomized controlled training study in young adults. Biol Psychol 2023; 176:108466. [PMID: 36455805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise has been shown to enhance memory and to increase neuroplasticity. Rodent studies have revealed modulating effects of signaling molecules of the immune system (cytokines) on hippocampal plasticity and memory. Acute and chronic exercise have been both found to alter the number and function of immune cells. Thus, physical exercise might enhance neuroplasticity via an altered immune response. In this study we tested whether multiple repetitions of a vocabulary learning task combined with a bout of cardiovascular exercise enhances learning in humans and whether memory improvements correlated with acute exercise-induced cytokine changes. Data of 52 participants (20-40 years of age) who were randomly assigned to a cardiovascular exercise group (cycling) or a control group (stretching) were analyzed. During the 10-week treatment, participants completed 18 learning-exercise sessions. In each of these sessions, the vocabulary learning task was always performed immediately before exercising started. To assess acute exercise-induced changes in cytokine levels, blood sampling was performed at rest and immediately after exercising in two of the sessions. Learning success measured as increase in learning across all sessions and vocabulary retention four weeks after the treatment had ended did not differ between groups. The cycling group showed a relatively larger acute increase in IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-4, and IFN-γ compared to the stretching group. Exploratory analyses revealed significant positive associations between within-session learning and acute exercise-induced increases in IL-6 and IL-1ra in the cycling group only. These results suggest that the immune system may act as a mediator of exercise-induced cognitive benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Kuhne
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Rüdiger Reer
- Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Röder
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Hötting
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Barros D, Marques EA, Magalhães J, Carvalho J. Energy metabolism and frailty: The potential role of exercise-induced myokines - A narrative review. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101780. [PMID: 36334911 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Frailty is a complex condition that emerges from dysregulation in multiple physiological systems. Increasing evidence suggests the potential role of age-related energy dysregulation as a key driver of frailty. Exercise is considered the most efficacious intervention to prevent and even ameliorate frailty as it up-tunes and improves the function of several related systems. However, the mechanisms and molecules responsible for these intersystem benefits are not fully understood. The skeletal muscle is considered a secretory organ with endocrine functions that can produce and secrete exercise-related molecules such as myokines. These molecules are cytokines and other peptides released by muscle fibers in response to acute and/or chronic exercise. The available evidence supports that several myokines can elicit autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine effects, partly mediating inter-organ crosstalk and also having a critical role in improving cardiovascular, metabolic, immune, and neurological health. This review describes the current evidence about the potential link between energy metabolism dysregulation and frailty and provides a theoretical framework for the potential role of myokines (via exercise) in counteracting frailty. It also summarizes the physiological role of selected myokines and their response to different acute and chronic exercise protocols in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duarte Barros
- The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, CIAFEL, University of Porto, Portugal; ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Elisa A Marques
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia (ISMAI), Portugal; School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - José Magalhães
- The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, CIAFEL, University of Porto, Portugal; ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- The Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, CIAFEL, University of Porto, Portugal; ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
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Moreira-Marconi E, Teixeira-Silva Y, de Meirelles AG, Melo-Oliveira MEDS, Santos ACG, Reis-Silva A, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Seixas A, Dionello CDF, de Sá-Caputo DDC, Bernardo-Filho M. Inflammatory Biomarker Responses to Whole-Body Vibration in Subjects with Different Clinical Status: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14853. [PMID: 36429572 PMCID: PMC9690844 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is considered to be a vital defense mechanism for health, acting as a protective response of the immune system through a satisfactory inflammatory biomarker response (IBR). IBR, as well as being beneficial to the organism, can be also responsible for a variety of chronic inflammatory diseases. Whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise is a type of physical exercise that can act on inflammation responses due its capacity for stimulating the sensory components that promote systemic responses. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of WBV on IBR in different clinical status. METHODS This is a systematic review that includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of WBV exercise on IBR. The methodological quality, risk of bias, and level of evidence were rated. RESULTS Four RCTs met the selection criteria. The studies showed benefits associated with IBR (e.g., cytokines, adipokines, and C-reactive protein) in various clinical conditions, including healthy populations and some chronic diseases (such as obesity, aging disorders, and knee osteoarthritis), using several WBV protocols. CONCLUSIONS WBV might be useful in the management of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eloá Moreira-Marconi
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Estacio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro 20771-900, Brazil
| | - Ygor Teixeira-Silva
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Estacio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro 20771-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Gonçalves de Meirelles
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidade Estacio de Sá, Rio de Janeiro 20771-900, Brazil
- Mestrado Profissional em Saúde, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Souza Melo-Oliveira
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Mestrado Profissional em Saúde, Medicina Laboratorial e Tecnologia Forense, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Aline Cristina Gomes Santos
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Aline Reis-Silva
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Instituto Multidisciplinar de Reabilitação e Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40110-060, Brazil
| | - Aderito Seixas
- Escola Superior de Saúde Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Danúbia da Cunha de Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas e Práticas Integrativas-LAVIMPI, Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes and Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
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11
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Cytokine response to resistance training sessions performed after different recovery intervals. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-021-00852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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Balchin C, Tan AL, Golding J, Bissell LA, Wilson OJ, McKenna J, Stavropoulos-Kalinoglou A. Acute effects of exercise on pain symptoms, clinical inflammatory markers and inflammatory cytokines in people with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2022; 14:1759720X221114104. [PMID: 35991522 PMCID: PMC9386862 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x221114104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise is advocated in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, uncertainty around the acute effects of exercise on pain and inflammation may be stopping people with RA from exercising more regularly. Objectives To determine the acute effects of exercise on pain symptoms, clinical inflammatory markers, and inflammatory cytokines in RA. Design A systematic review of the literature. Data sources and methods Five databases were searched (PubMed, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus and SPORTDiscus); inclusion criteria were studies with acute exercise, a definite diagnosis of RA and disease characteristics assessed by clinical function (i.e., disease activity score, health assessment questionnaire and self-reported pain), clinical markers associated with inflammation (i.e., c-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)), and inflammatory cytokines (i.e., interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)). Results From a total of 1544 articles, initial screening and full text assessment left 11 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. A total of 274 people were included in the studies (RA = 186; control = 88). Acute bouts of aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic and resistance exercise did not appear to exacerbate pain symptoms in people with RA. Conclusion Post-exercise responses for pain, clinical inflammatory markers and inflammatory cytokines were not different between people with or without RA. Exercise prescription was variable between studies, which limited between-study comparisons. Therefore, future investigations in people with RA are warranted, which combine different exercise modes and intensities to examine acute effects on pain symptoms and inflammatory markers. Registration The PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews - CRD42018091155.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ai Lyn Tan
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Joshua Golding
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Lesley-Anne Bissell
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Oliver J Wilson
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Jim McKenna
- Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
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13
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O'Neill CD, O'Rourke N, Jeffrey M, Green-Johnson JM, Dogra S. Salivary concentrations of IL-8 and IL-1ra after HIIT and MICT in young, healthy adults: A randomized exercise study. Cytokine 2022; 157:155965. [PMID: 35843124 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) would lead to greater changes in resting concentrations of salivary IL-8 and IL-1ra than moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) in young, healthy adults, and to determine whether changes in IL-8 and IL-1ra after six weeks of either HIIT or MICT were associated with changes in maximal exercise capacity (VO2max). Participants were randomly assigned to 6 weeks of HIIT (n = 12) or MICT (n = 11), matched for workload. Saliva samples were collected at the beginning (T1) and end (T2) of the intervention, and analyzed for IL-8 and IL-1ra. Participants in both groups had significant improvements in VO2max; there were no group differences in improvements. A greater reduction in IL-8 was observed in the MICT group when compared to the HIIT group (HIIT median: -9.5; MICT median: -82.3 pg/µg of protein; U = 11.5, p < 0.001). When combining the HIIT and MICT group, there were significant reductions in IL-8 from T1 to T2. There was no correlation between changes in IL-8 (r < 0.00) or IL-1ra (r = -0.013) with changes in VO2max. In conclusion, 6 weeks of exercise training leads to a reduction in IL-8; MICT may lead to greater reductions when compared to HIIT. Future research examining longer intervention periods is needed to further elucidate the effects of HIIT and MICT on different pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C D O'Neill
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G-0C5, Canada
| | - N O'Rourke
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G-0C5, Canada
| | - M Jeffrey
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G-0C5, Canada
| | - J M Green-Johnson
- Faculty of Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G-0C5, Canada
| | - S Dogra
- Faculty of Health Sciences (Kinesiology), University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, ON L1G-0C5, Canada.
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14
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Qin XM, Park JY, Kim BR, Joo CH. The Effects of Exercise on Acute Immune Responses in Relative Leisure-Deprived People Living with HIV/AIDS: A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138155. [PMID: 35805814 PMCID: PMC9266274 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training involving exercises of optimal intensity and duration improves psychological and medical variables in relative leisure-deprived people living with HIV/AIDS. This study aimed to analyze associated psychological variables and the effect of exercise intensity and duration on immune responses in relative leisure-deprived people infected with HIV. The participants completed different moderate-intensity exercises (30 min (60−80% HRmax) and 45 min (60−80% HRmax)) and high-intensity exercise for 10 min (>80% HRmax). Levels higher than “normal” were rated for relative leisure deprivation, indicating relative deprivation of leisure among participants. The overall level of quality of life was “normal”, indicating that quality of life was not considered high. The stress level was psychologically considered low. Time had a significant effect on cortisol levels (p < 0.05). Compared to pre-exercise, cortisol level was significantly decreased immediately after moderate exercise for 45 min and 3 h post-exercise after high-intensity exercise for 10 min (p < 0.05). However, time and the interaction of condition and time had no significant effect on IL-6 and sIgA levels (p > 0.05). Despite the small sample size of this pilot study, the results demonstrate that moderate-intensity exercise can be recommended to improve the health and quality of life of people infected with HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Min Qin
- Department of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (X.-M.Q.); (J.-Y.P.)
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (X.-M.Q.); (J.-Y.P.)
| | - Bo-Ram Kim
- Department of Physical Education, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.-R.K.); (C.-H.J.)
| | - Chang-Hwa Joo
- Department of Sport Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; (X.-M.Q.); (J.-Y.P.)
- Correspondence: (B.-R.K.); (C.-H.J.)
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15
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"HIIT the Inflammation": Comparative Effects of Low-Volume Interval Training and Resistance Exercises on Inflammatory Indices in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Patients Undergoing Caloric Restriction. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14101996. [PMID: 35631137 PMCID: PMC9145085 DOI: 10.3390/nu14101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is a cornerstone in metabolic syndrome (MetS) treatment. However, the effects of low-volume exercise modalities on MetS-associated low-grade inflammation are unclear. A total of 106 MetS patients (53.7 ± 11.4 years) were randomized to low-volume high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT, 14 min/session), single-set resistance training (1-RT, ~15 min/session), whole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS, 20 min/session), three-set resistance training (3-RT, ~50 min/session), each performed 2 ×/week for 12 weeks, or a control group (CON). All groups received nutritional counseling for weight loss. Inflammatory and cardiometabolic indices were analyzed pre- and post-intervention. All groups significantly reduced body weight by an average of 3.6%. Only LOW-HIIT reduced C-reactive protein (CRP) (−1.6 mg/L, p = 0.001) and interleukin-6 (−1.1 pg/mL, p = 0.020). High-sensitivity CRP and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein decreased following LOW-HIIT (−1.4 mg/L, p = 0.001 and −2.1 ng/mL, p = 0.004) and 3-RT (−0.6 mg/L, p = 0.044 and −2.0 ng/mL, p < 0.001). MetS severity score improved with LOW-HIIT (−1.8 units, p < 0.001), 1-RT (−1.6 units, p = 0.005), and 3-RT (−2.3 units, p < 0.001). Despite similar effects on body weight, low-volume exercise modalities have different impact on inflammatory and cardiometabolic outcomes in MetS patients. LOW-HIIT has superior efficacy for improving inflammation compared to 1-RT and WB-EMS. Resistance-based exercise appears to require a higher volume to promote beneficial impact on inflammation.
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Ormsbee MJ, Saracino PG, Morrissey MC, Donaldson J, Rentería LI, McKune AJ. Pre-sleep protein supplementation after an acute bout of evening resistance exercise does not improve next day performance or recovery in resistance trained men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:164-178. [PMID: 35599912 PMCID: PMC9116400 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2036451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the effect of pre-sleep protein supplementation after an acute bout of evening resistance training on next day performance and recovery the following day in physically active men. Methods Eighteen resistance trained men performed a single bout of resistance exercise then received either a pre-sleep protein (PRO) supplement containing 40 g of casein protein (PRO; n = 10; mean ± SD; age = 24 ± 4 yrs; height = 1.81 ± 0.08 m; weight = 84.9 ± 9.5 kg) or a non-caloric, flavor matched placebo (PLA; n = 8; age = 28 ± 10 yrs; height = 1.81 ± 0.07 m; weight = 86.7 ± 11.0 kg) 30 min before sleep (1 h after a standard recovery drink). Blood samples were obtained pre-exercise and the following morning (+12-h) to measure creatine kinase and C-reactive protein. Visual analog scales were utilized to assess perceived pain, hunger, and recovery. One-repetition maximum (1RM) tests for barbell bench press and squat were performed pre-exercise and the following morning (+12-h). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (V.23) and p ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There were no significant differences between the groups in next morning performance or muscle damage biomarkers. However, pre-sleep PRO resulted in a lower perception of hunger that approached significance the following morning when compared to PLA (PRO:43.6 ± 31.2, PLA: 69.4 ± 2.22; 95% C.I. = −53.6, 2.0; p = 0.07; d = 0.95). Conclusions Following an evening bout of exercise, pre-sleep PRO did not further improve next morning muscle damage biomarkers or maximal strength performance in resistance trained men compared to a non-caloric PLA. However, there may be implications for lower perceived hunger the next morning with pre-sleep PRO consumption compared to PLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Ormsbee
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Patrick G. Saracino
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | | | - Jaymie Donaldson
- School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Liliana I. Rentería
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Andrew J. McKune
- Institute of Sports Science and Medicine, Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
- School of Health Sciences, Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Science, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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17
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Muñoz-Vergara D, Schreiber KL, Langevin H, Yeh GY, Zhu Y, Rist P, Wayne PM. The Effects of a Single Bout of High- or Moderate-Intensity Yoga Exercise on Circulating Inflammatory Mediators: A Pilot Feasibility Study. Glob Adv Health Med 2022; 11:2164957X221145876. [PMID: 36583069 PMCID: PMC9793102 DOI: 10.1177/2164957x221145876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is a knowledge gap in the physiological effects of short-term yoga exercise interventions. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) assessing the acute effects of a yoga exercise protocol practiced at 2 intensities (high or moderate) on temporal responses of a battery of systemic circulatory cytokines in healthy yoga-naïve adults. Methods This study was a three-arm, pre-post pilot-RCT employing a single bout of yoga exercise intervention. Groups were high-intensity yoga (HY, n = 10), moderate-intensity yoga (MY, n = 10), and a sedentary, no-intervention control group (CON, n = 10). Blood samples were collected at baseline and post-intervention at 6 timepoints (0-, 30-, 60-, 120-, 180-minutes, and 24-hours post-intervention) and were processed with a pre-defined inflammatory panel of 13 cytokines. Heart rate (HR) was assessed with a Polar H10® device. The PROMIS Pain intensity Questionnaire was used to assess body soreness. Results We demonstrate feasibility of recruitment, randomization, and retention of participants based upon predetermined metrics, including: proportion of eligible to enrolled participants (55%); recruitment period (11-months); participant retention (97%); completion rate for questionnaires (99%); completion of physiological measures (98%); and adherence to the yoga exercise protocol (88%). Cytokine levels over time were heterogeneous within and between groups. Responses of a subset of cytokines were positively correlated with 1 another in high- and moderate-intensity yoga exercise groups but not in the control group. Median values for HR were 91 (IQR: 71-95) in the HY, 95 (IQR: 88-100) in the MY, and 73 (IQR: 72-75) in the CON. Pre-post changes in body soreness after the yoga exercise intervention were most evident in the HY group. Conclusion Along with observed trends in select cytokines, findings encourage a more definitive trial aimed at understanding the short-term effects of yoga exercise on inflammatory immune markers and pain in sedentary healthy adults. Clinicaltrials.gov ID# NCT04444102.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Muñoz-Vergara
- Osher Center for Integrative
Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine,
Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Dennis Muñoz-Vergara, DVM, MS, MPH,
Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 900 Commonwealth
Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Kristin L. Schreiber
- Department of Anesthesiology,
Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Helene Langevin
- National Center for Complementary
and Integrative Health (NCCIH), National Institute of Health
(NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gloria Y. Yeh
- Osher Center for Integrative
Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of General Medicine and
Primary Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yehui Zhu
- Department of Radiology, A. A.
Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pamela Rist
- Osher Center for Integrative
Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine,
Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter M. Wayne
- Osher Center for Integrative
Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine,
Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women’s
Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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The effects of two loading patterns of resistance training (skewed pyramid & reverse step) on some physical and physiological capabilities of non-athlete men. TURKISH JOURNAL OF KINESIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.31459/turkjkin.1008780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Endurance Training in Humans Modulates the Bacterial DNA Signature of Skeletal Muscle. Biomedicines 2021; 10:biomedicines10010064. [PMID: 35052744 PMCID: PMC8773292 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports the existence of a tissue microbiota, which may regulate the physiological function of tissues in normal and pathological states. To gain insight into the regulation of tissue-borne bacteria in physiological conditions, we quantified and sequenced the 16S rRNA gene in aseptically collected skeletal muscle and blood samples from eight healthy male individuals subjected to six weeks of endurance training. Potential contamination bias was evaluated and the taxa profiles of each tissue were established. We detected bacterial DNA in skeletal muscle and blood, with background noise levels of detected bacterial DNA considerably lower in control versus tissue samples. In both muscle and blood, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most prominent phyla. Endurance training changed the content of resident bacterial DNA in skeletal muscle but not in blood, with Pseudomonas being less abundant, and both Staphylococcus and Acinetobacter being more abundant in muscle after exercise. Our results provide evidence that endurance training specifically remodels the bacterial DNA profile of skeletal muscle in healthy young men. Future investigations may shed light on the physiological impact, if any, of training-induced changes in bacterial DNA in skeletal muscle.
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Hirvonen OP, Kyröläinen H, Lehti M, Kainulainen H. Randomized Trial: D-Glyceric Acid Activates Mitochondrial Metabolism in 50–60-Year-Old Healthy Humans. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2021; 2:752636. [PMID: 35822033 PMCID: PMC9261421 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.752636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Based on earlier studies, natural metabolite D-glyceric acid (DGA) does not seem to play any role in whole-body metabolism. Nevertheless, one ethanol oxidation-related rat study with controversial results raised our interest. According to preparatory studies for the regulatory approval of DGA, some highly conserved mechanism seems to subtly activate the cellular energy metabolism. Therefore, the present 25-days double-blind human study with placebo control was initiated. Purpose: The main target in the present study with 27 healthy 50–60-year-old human volunteers was to find out whether an “acute” 4-days and a longer 21-days exogenous DGA regimen caused moderate activation of the mitochondrial energy metabolism. The simultaneous target was to find out whether a halved dose of DGA continued to be an effective regimen. Main Findings: The results revealed the following statistically significant findings: 1) plasma concentrations of metabolites related to aerobic energy production, especially lactate, were strongly reduced, 2) systemic inflammation was lowered both in 4- and 21-days, 3) mitochondria-related mRNA expressions in circulating immune cells were noticeably modulated at Day4, 4) cellular membrane integrity seemed to be sharply enhanced, and 5) cellular NADH/NAD+ -ratio was upregulated. Conclusion: Mitochondrial metabolism was clearly upregulated at the whole-body level in both 4- and 21 days. At the same time, the effect of DGA was very well tolerated. Based on received solid results, the DGA regimen may alleviate acute and chronic energy metabolic challenges in main organs like the liver, CNS, and skeletal muscles. Enhanced membrane integrity combined with lower systemic inflammation and activated metabolic flows by the DGA regimen may be beneficial especially for the aging population.
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21
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Todd KR, Van Der Scheer JW, Walsh JJ, Jackson GS, Dix GU, Little JP, Kramer JLK, Martin Ginis KA. The Impact of Sub-maximal Exercise on Neuropathic Pain, Inflammation, and Affect Among Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2021; 2:700780. [PMID: 36188763 PMCID: PMC9397724 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2021.700780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) often report high levels of neuropathic pain (NP) and poor well-being, which may result from increased inflammation. This study examined the impact of sub-maximal aerobic exercise on NP, inflammation and psychological affect among adults with SCI. Methods: Eight active adults with tetraplegia (n-4, AIS A-C) and paraplegia (n = 4, AIS A-C) performed 30-min of arm-crank aerobic exercise and reported their ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) each minute. Measures of NP, affect, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ra, TNF-α) were taken pre-(T0), immediately post-(T1), and 90-min post-exercise (T2). Results: NP decreased between T0 and T1 for tetraplegics (-60%, d = 0.47; CI = -0.32, 2.02) and paraplegics (-16%, d = 0.15; CI = -0.30, 0.90). Correlations between change in cytokines and change in NP were medium-to large for tetraplegics (rs ranged from -0.820 to 0.965) and paraplegics (rs ranged from -0.598 to 0.833). However, the pattern of correlations between change in cytokines and affect was inconsistent between groups. Lower baseline levels of IL-1ra predicted greater decreases in NP immediately post-exercise (r = 0.83, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Sub-maximal exercise can positively impact NP for some persons with SCI. Further experimental research should identify the optimal exercise intensity to reduce NP for persons with SCI, in addition to understanding biomarkers which may predict changes in NP. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03955523.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra R. Todd
- Department of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jan W. Van Der Scheer
- The Healthcare Improvement Studies Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy J. Walsh
- Department of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Garett S. Jackson
- Department of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Gabriel U. Dix
- Department of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - John L. K. Kramer
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kathleen A. Martin Ginis
- Department of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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22
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Gureev AP, Sadovnikova IS, Shaforostova EA, Starkov AA, Popov VN. Mildronate protects heart mtDNA from oxidative stress toxicity induced by exhaustive physical exercise. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 705:108892. [PMID: 33930377 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.108892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Exhaustive physical exercises are potentially dangerous for human's physical health and may lead to chronic heart disease. Therefore, individuals involved in such activity require effective and safe cardioprotectors. The goal of this research was to study Mildronate (a cardioprotective drug) effect on the level of oxidative stress markers in hearts of mice under conditions of exhausting physical exercise, such as forced swimming for 1 h per day for 7 days. Forced swimming lead to mtDNA damage accumulation, increase in diene conjugates level and loss of reduced glutathione despite an increase in antioxidant genes expression and activation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Mildronate treatment reduced oxidative stress, probably due to the inhibition of fatty acids transport to mitochondria and an increase in the intensity of glucose oxidation, which in part confirms by increase in glucose transporter expression. Thus, we can assume that Mildronate is an effective cardioprotector in exhaustive physical exercises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem P Gureev
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia; Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia.
| | - Irina S Sadovnikova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Shaforostova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
| | - Anatoly A Starkov
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vasily N Popov
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia; Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies, Voronezh, Russia
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23
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Jacksteit R, Stöckel T, Behrens M, Feldhege F, Bergschmidt P, Bader R, Mittelmeier W, Skripitz R, Mau-Moeller A. Low-Load Unilateral and Bilateral Resistance Training to Restore Lower Limb Function in the Early Rehabilitation After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Active-Controlled Clinical Trial. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:628021. [PMID: 34239883 PMCID: PMC8257942 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.628021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Continuous passive motion (CPM) is frequently used during rehabilitation following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Low-load resistance training (LLRT) using continuous active motion (CAM) devices is a promising alternative. We investigated the effectiveness of CPM compared to LLRT using the affected leg (CAMuni) and both legs (CAMbi) in the early post-operative rehabilitation. Hypotheses: (I) LLRT (CAMuni and CAMbi) is superior to CPM, (II) additional training of the unaffected leg (CAMbi) is more effective than unilateral training (CAMuni). Materials and Methods: Eighty-five TKA patients were randomly assigned to three groups, respectively: (i) unilateral CPM of the operated leg; (ii) unilateral CAM of the operated leg (CAMuni); (iii) bilateral alternating CAM (CAMbi). Patients were assessed 1 day before TKA (pre-test), 1 day before discharge (post-test), and 3 months post-operatively (follow-up). Primary outcome: active knee flexion range of motion (ROMFlex). Secondary outcomes: active knee extension ROM (ROMExt), swelling, pain, C-reactive protein, quality of life (Qol), physical activity, timed-up-and-go performance, stair-climbing performance, quadriceps muscle strength. Analyses of covariances were performed (modified intention-to-treat and per-protocol). Results: Hypothesis I: Primary outcome: CAMbi resulted in a higher ROMFlex of 9.0° (95%CI −18.03–0.04°, d = 0.76) and 6.3° (95%CI −14.31–0.99°, d = 0.61) compared to CPM at post-test and follow-up, respectively. Secondary outcomes: At post-test, C-reactive protein was lower in both CAM groups compared with CPM. Knee pain was lower in CAMuni compared to CPM. Improved ROMExt, reduced swelling, better stair-climbing and timed-up-and-go performance were observed for CAMbi compared to CPM. At follow-up, both CAM groups reported higher Qol and CAMbi showed a better timed-up-and-go performance. Hypothesis II: Primary outcome: CAMbi resulted in a higher knee ROMFlex of 6.5° (95%CI −2.16–15.21°, d = 0.56) compared to CAMuni at post-test. Secondary outcomes: At post-test, improved ROMExt, reduced swelling, and better timed-up-and-go performance were observed in CAMbi compared to CAMuni. Conclusions: Additional LLRT of the unaffected leg (CAMbi) seems to be more effective for recovery of function than training of the affected leg only (CAMuni), which may be mediated by positive transfer effects from the unaffected to the affected limb (cross education) and/or preserved neuromuscular function of the trained, unaffected leg. Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02062138.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Jacksteit
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Tino Stöckel
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martin Behrens
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany.,Department of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Feldhege
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Philipp Bergschmidt
- Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Südstadt, Rostock, Germany
| | - Rainer Bader
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Medicine Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Ralf Skripitz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Roland Klinik, Bremen, Germany
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24
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Possible Mechanisms for the Effects of Sound Vibration on Human Health. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9050597. [PMID: 34069792 PMCID: PMC8157227 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9050597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents a narrative review of research literature to “map the landscape” of the mechanisms of the effect of sound vibration on humans including the physiological, neurological, and biochemical. It begins by narrowing music to sound and sound to vibration. The focus is on low frequency sound (up to 250 Hz) including infrasound (1–16 Hz). Types of application are described and include whole body vibration, vibroacoustics, and focal applications of vibration. Literature on mechanisms of response to vibration is categorized into hemodynamic, neurological, and musculoskeletal. Basic mechanisms of hemodynamic effects including stimulation of endothelial cells and vibropercussion; of neurological effects including protein kinases activation, nerve stimulation with a specific look at vibratory analgesia, and oscillatory coherence; of musculoskeletal effects including muscle stretch reflex, bone cell progenitor fate, vibration effects on bone ossification and resorption, and anabolic effects on spine and intervertebral discs. In every category research on clinical applications are described. The conclusion points to the complexity of the field of vibrational medicine and calls for specific comparative research on type of vibration delivery, amount of body or surface being stimulated, effect of specific frequencies and intensities to specific mechanisms, and to greater interdisciplinary cooperation and focus.
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25
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Kashef A, Nikoo AS. Effects of short duration high intensity competition on cardiac and cell damage biomarkers. COMPARATIVE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3920/cep200047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiac biomarkers like cardiac troponin T (cTnT), cardiac troponin I, and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and the cell damage biomarkers including creatine phosphokinase (CPK), C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in response to a short-duration high-intensity competition with correction of the post-exercise raw data with the plasma volume loss in trained athletes. Thirty-two male athletes (age, 26.9±4.7 years) competed in 8 min high-intensity competition. The competition items included: running for 400 meters; three-stage deadlifting; bar pulling up; and 30 kg kettlebell swinging. Venous blood samples were obtained before and immediately after the competition and biomarkers analysed. Plasma volume changes were estimated from haemoglobin and haematocrit readings before and after the competition. A significant increase was shown immediately after the competition compared to resting in cTnT, AST, ALT, CPK, and CRP (P<0/001). CK-MB showed no significant difference. When raw data were corrected for plasma volume loss, CPK showed a significant increase (P<0.001), and LDH and CK-MB a significant decrease (P<0.001), however cTnT, AST, ALT and CRP showed no significant difference. The plasma volume loss can affect the response of cardiac and cellular damage biomarkers to exercise. High-intensity competition for 8 min did not elevate the cardiac biomarkers, but elevated the muscle biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Kashef
- Exercise Physiology Department, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Lavizan St., Tehran, 1678815811, Iran
| | - A. Sadeghi Nikoo
- Oxygen Medical and Research Center, Seoul St., Tehran, 1468973141, Iran
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26
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Devasahayam AJ, Kelly LP, Williams JB, Moore CS, Ploughman M. Fitness Shifts the Balance of BDNF and IL-6 from Inflammation to Repair among People with Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:504. [PMID: 33810574 PMCID: PMC8066063 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical sedentarism is linked to elevated levels of circulating cytokines, whereas exercise upregulates growth-promoting proteins such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The shift towards a 'repair' phenotype could protect against neurodegeneration, especially in diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated whether having higher fitness or participating in an acute bout of maximal exercise would shift the balance of BDNF and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum samples of people with progressive MS (n = 14), compared to matched controls (n = 8). Participants performed a maximal graded exercise test on a recumbent stepper, and blood samples were collected at rest and after the test. We assessed walking speed, fatigue, and maximal oxygen consumption (V·O2max). People with MS achieved about 50% lower V·O2max (p = 0.003) than controls. At rest, there were no differences in BDNF between MS and controls; however, IL-6 was significantly higher in MS. Higher V·O2max was associated with a shift in BDNF/IL-6 ratio from inflammation to repair (R = 0.7, p = 0.001) when considering both groups together. In the MS group, greater ability to upregulate BDNF was associated with faster walking speed and lower vitality. We present evidence that higher fitness indicates a shift in the balance of blood biomarkers towards a repair phenotype in progressive MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Joshua Devasahayam
- L.A. Miller Centre, Recovery and Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1K 5A1, Canada; (A.J.D.); (L.P.K.)
| | - Liam Patrick Kelly
- L.A. Miller Centre, Recovery and Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1K 5A1, Canada; (A.J.D.); (L.P.K.)
| | - John Bradley Williams
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (J.B.W.); (C.S.M.)
| | - Craig Stephen Moore
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (J.B.W.); (C.S.M.)
| | - Michelle Ploughman
- L.A. Miller Centre, Recovery and Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1K 5A1, Canada; (A.J.D.); (L.P.K.)
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3V6, Canada; (J.B.W.); (C.S.M.)
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27
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Can Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Be a Good Model for the Investigation of the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Diet in Humans? Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9010036. [PMID: 33466327 PMCID: PMC7824757 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Subclinical, low-grade, inflammation is one of the main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the majority of chronic and non-communicable diseases. Several methodological approaches have been applied for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of nutrition, however, their impact in human body remains uncertain, because of the fact that the majority of the studies reporting anti-inflammatory effect of dietary patterns, have been performed under laboratory settings and/or in animal models. Thus, the extrapolation of these results to humans is risky. It is therefore obvious that the development of an inflammatory model in humans, by which we could induce inflammatory responses to humans in a regulated, specific, and non-harmful way, could greatly facilitate the estimation of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in a more physiological way and mechanistically relevant way. We believe that exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) could serve as such a model, either in studies investigating the homeostatic responses of individuals under inflammatory stimuli or for the estimation of the anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory potential of dietary patterns, foods, supplements, nutrients, or phytochemicals. Thus, in this review we discuss the possibility of exercise-induced muscle damage being an inflammation model suitable for the assessment of the anti-inflammatory properties of diet in humans.
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28
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Füzéki E, Groneberg DA, Banzer W. Physical activity during COVID-19 induced lockdown: recommendations. J Occup Med Toxicol 2020; 15:25. [PMID: 32817753 PMCID: PMC7422663 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-020-00278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Measures aiming at containing the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) include isolation, social distancing, and quarantine. Quarantine and other lockdown instruments show promise in reducing the number of COVID-19 infections and deaths. It is reasonable to assume that lockdown leads to reduced levels of physical activity in the general population. Potential detrimental health effects of lockdown, such as psychological distress and physical inactivity induced maladaptations must be addressed. The current review summarizes harmful effects of limited physical activity on mental and physical health due to social distancing and quarantine and highlights the effects of simple physical activity regimes counteracting these detrimental effects, with a special emphasis on acute effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Füzéki
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9B, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David A Groneberg
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9B, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Division of Preventive and Sports Medicine, Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Haus 9B, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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29
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Inflammatory responses to acute exercise during pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120:2301-2309. [PMID: 32767113 PMCID: PMC7502052 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-020-04452-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Pulmonary rehabilitation is a cornerstone treatment in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Acute bouts of exercise can lead to short bursts of inflammation in healthy individuals. However, it is unclear how COPD patients respond to acute bouts of exercise. This study assessed inflammatory responses to exercise in COPD patients at the start (phase 1) and end (phase 2) of pulmonary rehabilitation. Methods Blood samples were collected before and after an acute exercise bout at the start (phase 1, n = 40) and end (phase 2, n = 27) of pulmonary rehabilitation. The primary outcome was change in fibrinogen concentrations. Secondary outcomes were changes in CRP concentrations, total/differential leukocyte counts, markers of neutrophil activation (CD11b, CD62L and CD66b), and neutrophil subsets (mature, suppressive, immature, progenitor). Results Acute exercise (phase 1) did not induce significant changes in fibrinogen (p = 0.242) or CRP (p = 0.476). Total leukocyte count [mean difference (MD), 0.5 ± 1.1 (109 L−1); p = 0.004], neutrophil count [MD, 0.4 ± 0.8 (109 L−1); p < 0.001], and immature neutrophils (MD, 0.6 ± 0.8%; p < 0.001) increased post-exercise. Neutrophil activation markers, CD11b (p = 0.470), CD66b (p = 0.334), and CD62L (p = 0.352) were not significantly altered post-exercise. In comparison to the start of pulmonary rehabilitation (phase 2), acute exercise at the end of pulmonary rehabilitation led to a greater fibrinogen response (MD, 84 mg/dL (95% CI − 14, 182); p = 0.045). Conclusion An acute bout of exercise does not appear to induce significant alterations in the concentrations of inflammatory mediators but can increase white blood cell subsets post-exercise. A greater fibrinogen response to acute exercise is seen at the end of pulmonary rehabilitation when compared to the start. Further research is required to understand the clinical context of these acute inflammatory responses to exercise.
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30
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Stavroulakis GA, George KP. Exercise-induced release of troponin. Clin Cardiol 2020; 43:872-881. [PMID: 31975465 PMCID: PMC7403670 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that regular physical activity reduces cardiovascular disease risk; however, numerous studies have demonstrated postexercise elevations in cardiac troponin (cTn), indicative of cardiac injury in apparently healthy individuals. The prevalence of these findings in different exercise settings and population groups, as well as potential underlying mechanisms and clinical significance of exercise-induced cTn release are not yet quite determined. The present review will discuss the cTn response to exercise in light of developing cTn assays and the correlation between postexercise cTn release and cardiac function. Additionally, recent data regarding the potential link between strenuous endurance exercise and its relationship with unfavorable cardiac effects in athletes, as well as the management of patients presenting at emergency care after sport events will be briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Keith P. George
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpoolUK
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31
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Tai YK, Ng C, Purnamawati K, Yap JLY, Yin JN, Wong C, Patel BK, Soong PL, Pelczar P, Fröhlich J, Beyer C, Fong CHH, Ramanan S, Casarosa M, Cerrato CP, Foo ZL, Pannir Selvan RM, Grishina E, Degirmenci U, Toh SJ, Richards PJ, Mirsaidi A, Wuertz‐Kozak K, Chong SY, Ferguson SJ, Aguzzi A, Monici M, Sun L, Drum CL, Wang J, Franco‐Obregón A. Magnetic fields modulate metabolism and gut microbiome in correlation with
Pgc‐1α
expression: Follow‐up to an in vitro magnetic mitohormetic study. FASEB J 2020; 34:11143-11167. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903005rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yee Kit Tai
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Charmaine Ng
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Kristy Purnamawati
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Jasmine Lye Yee Yap
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Jocelyn Naixin Yin
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Craig Wong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Bharati Kadamb Patel
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Poh Loong Soong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Pawel Pelczar
- Centre for Transgenic Models University of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Christian Beyer
- Centre Suisse d'électronique et de microtechnique, CSEM SA Neuchatel Switzerland
| | - Charlene Hui Hua Fong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Sharanya Ramanan
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Marco Casarosa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Florence Italy
- Institute for Biomechanics ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Zi Ling Foo
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Rina Malathi Pannir Selvan
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Elina Grishina
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Ufuk Degirmenci
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
| | - Shi Jie Toh
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Pete J. Richards
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Ali Mirsaidi
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Karin Wuertz‐Kozak
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) Rochester NY USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Suet Yen Chong
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
- Competence Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine University of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Adriano Aguzzi
- Institut für Neuropathologie Universitätsspital Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Monica Monici
- ASAcampus JL, ASA Res. Div. ‐ Dept. of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio” University of Florence Florence Italy
| | - Lei Sun
- DUKE‐NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Chester L. Drum
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
| | - Jiong‐Wei Wang
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute (CVRI), National University Heart Centre Singapore (NUHCS) Singapore Singapore
- Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
| | - Alfredo Franco‐Obregón
- Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Biolonic Currents Electromagnetic Pulsing Systems Laboratory BICEPS, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR Singapore Singapore
- Department of Physiology Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, iHealthtech National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
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32
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Rissanen JA, Häkkinen K, Laukkanen JA, Häkkinen A. Acute Hemodynamic Responses to Combined Exercise and Sauna. Int J Sports Med 2020; 41:824-831. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1186-1716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study investigated acute hemodynamic, plasma volume and immunological
responses to four loading protocols: sauna only, and sauna after endurance,
strength or combined endurance and strength exercise. Twenty-seven healthy,
slightly prehypertensive men (age 32.7±6.9 years) were measured at PRE,
MID (after exercise), POST, POST30min and POST24h. The measurements consisted
systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature and
concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein, white blood cells and
plasma volume measurements. Endurance+sauna showed significant decreases
in systolic blood pressure at POST (–8.9 mmHg), POST30min (–11.0
mmHg) and POST24h (–4.6 mmHg). At POST30min, significant decreases were
also observed in sauna (–4.3 mmHg) and combined+sauna
(–7.5 mmHg). Diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly from -5.4
to –3.9 mmHg at POST in all loadings. Plasma volume decreased
significantly at MID in all exercise loadings and at POST in
endurance+sauna and strength+sauna. Plasma volume increased
significantly (p < 0.01) in endurance+sauna and
combined+sauna at POST24h. White blood cells increased following all
exercise+sauna loadings at MID, POST and POST30min, whereas high
sensitive C-reactive protein showed no changes at any measurement point. The
combination of endurance exercise and sauna showed the greatest positive effects
on blood pressure. Both loadings including endurance exercise increased plasma
volume on the next day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonas Antero Rissanen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of
Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä,
Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Keijo Häkkinen
- Neuromuscular Research Center, Biology of Physical Activity, Faculty of
Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä,
Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jari Antero Laukkanen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Central Finland
Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of
Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Arja Häkkinen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Central Finland
Central Hospital, Jyväskylä, Finland
- Health Sciences, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of
Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Barbalho SM, Prado Neto EV, De Alvares Goulart R, Bechara MD, Baisi Chagas EF, Audi M, Guissoni Campos LM, Landgraf Guiger E, Buchaim RL, Buchaim DV, Cressoni Araujo A. Myokines: a descriptive review. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 60:1583-1590. [PMID: 32586076 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.10884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last years, scientists have shown that skeletal muscle is not a pure locomotor unit or responsible for propulsion and posture. Skeletal muscle encompasses one of the major organs of the body (constituting about 40% of the body mass in non-obese men). It regulates energy and metabolic processes and is now recognized as an organ capable of producing molecules with vital functions. These molecules are termed myokines, a new field of research in the health sciences, and represent an open field of discoveries and applications in several areas. The aim of this review was to show the role of some well-known myokines in the maintenance of homeostasis. Our search was performed in databases such as Medline/Pubmed, Embase and Scielo. Some relevant myokines are interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-15, irisin, myostatin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). They are related to play a positive or negative role in muscle function and metabolism homeostasis. They are associated with the regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, the deposition of fat in the adipose tissue, and the "browning" of the white adipose tissue. For these reasons, they can interfere with the prevention of obesity, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. The discovery of the myokines has opened a new direction in understanding the effects of exercises on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Barbalho
- Medical School of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil - .,Food Technology School, Marília, Brazil -
| | | | | | | | | | - Mauro Audi
- Medical School of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil
| | | | - Elen Landgraf Guiger
- Medical School of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil.,Food Technology School, Marília, Brazil
| | - Rogério L Buchaim
- Medical School of Marília (UNIMAR), Marília, Brazil.,University of São Paulo (FOB - USP), Bauru, Brazil
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Kouvelioti R, Kurgan N, Falk B, Ward WE, Josse AR, Klentrou P. Cytokine and Sclerostin Response to High-Intensity Interval Running versus Cycling. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 51:2458-2464. [PMID: 31246713 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined whether the exercise-induced changes in inflammatory cytokines differ between impact and no-impact high-intensity interval exercise, and whether they are associated with postexercise changes in sclerostin. METHODS Thirty-eight females (n = 19, 22.6 ± 2.7 yr) and males (n = 19, 22.3 ± 2.4 yr) performed two high-intensity interval exercise trials in random order (crossover design): running on a treadmill and cycling on a cycle ergometer. Trials consisted of eight repetitions of 1 min running or cycling at ≥90% maximal heart rate, separated by 1 min passive recovery intervals. Blood was collected preexercise and 5 min, 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise, and it was analyzed for serum levels of interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and sclerostin. RESULTS Inflammatory cytokines significantly increased over time in both sexes with some differences between trials. Specifically, IL-1β significantly increased from pre- to 5 min after both trials (23%, P < 0.05), IL-6 increased 1 h after both trials (39%, P < 0.05), IL-10 was elevated 5 min after running (20%, P < 0.05) and 1 h after both running and cycling (41% and 64%, respectively, P < 0.05), and TNF-α increased 5 min after running (10%, P < 0.05). Sclerostin increased 5 min after both trials, with a greater increase in males than that in females (62 vs 32 pg·mL in running, P = 0.018; 63 vs 30 pg·mL in cycling, P = 0.004). In addition, sclerostin was significantly correlated with the corresponding changes in inflammatory cytokines, and 34% of the variance in its postexercise gain score (Δ) was explained by sex and the corresponding gain scores in TNF-α, which was the strongest predictor. CONCLUSION A single bout of either impact or no-impact high-intensity exercise induces changes in inflammatory cytokines, which are associated with the postexercise increase in sclerostin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rozalia Kouvelioti
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA
| | - Nigel Kurgan
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA
| | - Bareket Falk
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA.,Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA
| | - Wendy E Ward
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA.,Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA
| | - Andrea R Josse
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA.,Faculty of Health, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, CANADA
| | - Panagiota Klentrou
- Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA.,Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, Centre for Bone and Muscle Health, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, CANADA
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35
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Andrade DR, Pinto KC, de Castro JS, Andaku DK, Lara VA, de Luca FA, Gun C, Mendes FAR, Oliveira MF, Medeiros WM. Oxygen supplementation increases the total work and muscle damage markers but reduces the inflammatory response in COPD patients. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 280:103475. [PMID: 32512234 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oxygen supplementation (O2-Suppl) is recommended for pulmonary rehabilitation with higher exercise intensities. However, high-intensity exercise tends toward muscle damage and a greater inflammatory response. We aimed to investigate the effect of O2-Suppl during exercise test (EET) on CRP level and muscle damage (CPK, LDH, lactate) in non-hypoxemic COPD patients. METHODS Eleven non-depleted patients with COPD (FEV1 65.5 ± 4.3 %) performed two EET (room-air or O2-Suppl-100 %), through a blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled crossover design. CPK, LDH and CRP were measured before, immediately after and 24 h after EET. RESULTS Exercise time was higher with O2-Suppl (49.9 ± 37.3 %; p = 0.001) and increases in CPK and LDH were observed compared to basal values in the O2-Suppl (28.4UI/L and 28.3 UI/L). The O2-Suppl protocol resulted in a lower increase in CRP (92.1 ± 112.4 % vs. 400.1 ± 384.9 %; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS O2-Suppl increases exercise-tolerance, resulting in increased muscle injury markers in COPD. However, oxygen supplementation attenuates the inflammatory response, even upon increased physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rodrigues Andrade
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kelly Critine Pinto
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Sampel de Castro
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Kuguimoto Andaku
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Viviani Aparecida Lara
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio Augusto de Luca
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Gun
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mayron F Oliveira
- Pulmonary Function and Clinical Exercise Physiology Unit (SEFICE), Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; VO2Care Research Group, Research Physiotherapy Coordinator of Vila Nova Star Hospital, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wladimir Musetti Medeiros
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Cardiac Rehabilitation (GERFE), Department of Medicine and Physiotherapy, Santo Amaro University (UNISA), São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, Ibirapuera University (UNIB), São Paulo, Brazil; Pulmonary Function and Clinical Exercise Physiology Unit (SEFICE), Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; HEART - Institute of Cardiology, Department of Education and Research, São Paulo, Brazil.
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36
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Sañudo B, Seixas A, Gloeckl R, Rittweger J, Rawer R, Taiar R, van der Zee EA, van Heuvelen MJ, Lacerda AC, Sartorio A, Bemben M, Cochrane D, Furness T, de Sá-Caputo D, Bernardo-Filho M. Potential Application of Whole Body Vibration Exercise For Improving The Clinical Conditions of COVID-19 Infected Individuals: A Narrative Review From the World Association of Vibration Exercise Experts (WAVex) Panel. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E3650. [PMID: 32455961 PMCID: PMC7277771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a highly infectious respiratory disease which leads to several clinical conditions related to the dysfunction of the respiratory system along with other physical and psychological complaints. Severely affected patients are referred to intensive care units (ICUs), limiting their possibilities for physical exercise. Whole body vibration (WBV) exercise is a non-invasive, physical therapy, that has been suggested as part of the procedures involved with pulmonary rehabilitation, even in ICU settings. Therefore, in the current review, the World Association of Vibration Exercise Experts (WAVEX) reviewed the potential of WBV exercise as a useful and safe intervention for the management of infected individuals with COVID-19 by mitigating the inactivity-related declines in physical condition and reducing the time in ICU. Recommendations regarding the reduction of fatigue and the risk of dyspnea, the improvement of the inflammatory and redox status favoring cellular homeostasis and the overall improvement in the quality of life are provided. Finally, practical applications for the use of this paradigm leading to a better prognosis in bed bound and ICU-bound subjects is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borja Sañudo
- Departamento de Educación Física y Deporte, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Adérito Seixas
- Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Fernando Pessoa, 4200-253 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rainer Gloeckl
- Institute for Pulmonary Rehabilitation Research, Schoen Klinik Berchtesgadener Land, 83471 Schoenau am Koenigssee, Germany;
- Department of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Philipps–University of Marburg, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35037 Marburg, Germany
| | - Jörn Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany;
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, D50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Rainer Rawer
- Head of Research & Development Department, Novotec Medical GmbH & Galileo Training, 75172 Pforzheim, Germany;
| | - Redha Taiar
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, 51100 Grand Est, France;
| | - Eddy A. van der Zee
- Molecular Neurobiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Marieke J.G. van Heuvelen
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Ana Cristina Lacerda
- Faculdade de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Diamantina 39100-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research & Division of Metabolic Diseases, 20145 Milan, Italy;
| | - Michael Bemben
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA;
| | - Darryl Cochrane
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand;
| | - Trentham Furness
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Danúbia de Sá-Caputo
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas, Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Instituto de Biología Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil; (D.d.S.-C.); (M.B.-F.)
- Faculdade Bezerra de Araújo, Rio de Janeiro 23052-180, Brazil
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Laboratório de Vibrações Mecânicas, Policlínica Piquet Carneiro, Instituto de Biología Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil; (D.d.S.-C.); (M.B.-F.)
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Fossati C, Torre G, Borrione P, Giombini A, Fagnani F, Turchetta M, Albo E, Casasco M, Parisi A, Pigozzi F. Biohumoral Indicators Influenced by Physical Activity in the Elderly. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9041115. [PMID: 32295038 PMCID: PMC7231282 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9041115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the scientific landscape, there is a growing interest in defining the role of several biomolecules and humoral indicators of the aging process and in the modifications of these biomarkers induced by physical activity and exercise. The main aim of the present narrative review is to collect the available evidence on the biohumoral indicators that could be modified by physical activity (PA) in the elderly. Online databases including Pubmed, Web of science (Medline), and Scopus were searched for relevant articles published in the last five years in English. Keywords and combination of these used for the search were the following: “biological”, “indicators”, “markers”, “physical”, “activity”, and “elderly”. Thirty-four papers were analyzed for inclusion. Twenty-nine studies were included and divided into four categories: cardiovascular (CV) biomarkers, metabolic biomarkers, inflammatory markers-oxidative stress molecules, and other markers. There are many distinct biomarkers influenced by PA in the elderly, with promising results concerning the metabolic and CV indexes, as a growing number of studies demonstrate the role of PA on improving parameters related to heart function and CV risk like atherogenic lipid profile. Furthermore, it is also a verified hypothesis that PA is able to modify the inflammatory status of the subject by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). PA seems also to be able to have a direct effect on the immune system. There is a strong evidence of a positive effect of PA on the health of elderly people that could be evidenced and “quantified” by the modifications of the levels of several biohumoral indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fossati
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (P.B.); (A.G.); (F.F.); (A.P.); (F.P.)
| | - Guglielmo Torre
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Roma, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +06-225418825
| | - Paolo Borrione
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (P.B.); (A.G.); (F.F.); (A.P.); (F.P.)
| | - Arrigo Giombini
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (P.B.); (A.G.); (F.F.); (A.P.); (F.P.)
| | - Federica Fagnani
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (P.B.); (A.G.); (F.F.); (A.P.); (F.P.)
| | - Matteo Turchetta
- Department of Orthopaedics, Policlinico Casilino, 00169 Rome, Italy;
| | - Erika Albo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, 00128 Roma, Italy;
| | | | - Attilio Parisi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (P.B.); (A.G.); (F.F.); (A.P.); (F.P.)
| | - Fabio Pigozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (C.F.); (P.B.); (A.G.); (F.F.); (A.P.); (F.P.)
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The Effect of Orally Dosed Levagen+™ (palmitoylethanolamide) on Exercise Recovery in Healthy Males-A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030596. [PMID: 32106527 PMCID: PMC7146510 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), a cannabimimetic compound and lipid messenger, on recovery from muscle damaging exercise. Twenty-eight healthy young male participants attended the laboratory four times on subsequent days. In the first visit, baseline characteristics were recorded before participants were randomized to consume either liquid PEA (167.5 mg Levagen+ with 832.5 mg maltodextrin) or a matched placebo (1 g maltodextrin) drink. Leg press exercise consisted of four sets at 80% of one repetition maximum followed by a performance set. Muscle soreness, thigh circumference, blood lactate concentration, biomarkers of muscle damage and inflammation, and transcription factor pathways were measured pre- and immediately post-exercise and again at 1, 2, 3, 24, 48, and 72 h post-exercise. The leg press exercise increased (p < 0.05) blood lactate concentration and induced muscle damage as evidenced by increased muscle soreness, thigh circumference, biomarkers of muscle damage, and concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α. PEA reduced (p < 0.05) myoglobin and blood lactate concentrations and increased protein kinase B phosphorylation following exercise. Taken together, these results indicate PEA supplementation may aid in muscle recovery from repeat bouts of exercise performed within a short duration by reducing myoglobin and lactate concentration.
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39
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Blanks AM, Wagamon TT, Lafratta L, Sisk MG, Senter MB, Pedersen LN, Bohmke N, Shah A, Mihalick VL, Franco RL. Impact of physical activity on monocyte subset CCR2 expression and macrophage polarization following moderate intensity exercise. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 2:100033. [PMID: 38377416 PMCID: PMC8474621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2019.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is an immune-mediated disease in which CCR2 attracts classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes to the arterial intima where they differentiate to macrophages. Balance between pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages contributes to CAD prevention. Moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) elicits an immune response and reduces the incidence of CAD, however, the impact of prior MVPA on monocyte subset CCR2 expression and macrophage polarization following acute exercise is unknown. Purpose To determine the impact of physical activity status on monocyte subset CCR2 surface expression and macrophage polarization in response to an acute bout of moderate intensity cycle ergometry. Methods 24 healthy women and men (12 high physically active [HIACT]: ≥1500 METmin/wk MVPA & 12 low physically active [LOACT]: <600 METmin/wk MVPA) underwent an acute moderate intensity (60% VO2peak) bout of cycle ergometry for 30 min. Blood samples were collected prior to (PRE), immediately (POST), 1 h (1H), and 2 h (2H) following exercise. Monocyte CCR2 and macrophage CD86 (M1) and CD206 (M2) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Intermediate monocyte CCR2 decreased in response to exercise in the HIACT group (PRE: 11409.0 ± 1084.0 vs. POST: 9524.3 ± 1062.4; p = 0.034). Macrophage CD206 was lower in the LOACT compared to the HIACT group at 1H (HIACT: 67.2 ± 5.6 vs. LOACT: 50.1 ± 5.2%; p = 0.040). Macrophage CD206 at 1H was associated with both PRE (r = 0.446, p = 0.043) and POST (r = 0.464, p = 0.034) non-classical monocyte CCR2. Conclusion These data suggest that regular moderate to vigorous physical activity positively impacts both monocytes and macrophages following acute moderate intensity exercise and that this impact may contribute to the prevention of coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anson M. Blanks
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Thomas T. Wagamon
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lindsay Lafratta
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Mabel G. Sisk
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Morgan B. Senter
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lauren N. Pedersen
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Natalie Bohmke
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Attiya Shah
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Virginia L. Mihalick
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - R. Lee Franco
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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40
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Gonçalves CAM, Dantas PMS, Dos Santos IK, Dantas M, da Silva DCP, Cabral BGDAT, Guerra RO, Júnior GBC. Effect of Acute and Chronic Aerobic Exercise on Immunological Markers: A Systematic Review. Front Physiol 2020; 10:1602. [PMID: 32038286 PMCID: PMC6993577 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The effects of aerobic exercise on the immune system are not yet fully defined in the scientific literature. This fact demonstrates the need to investigate its influence on existing immunological markers by classifying and quantifying their acute and chronic effects. Objective: To investigate the effects of acute and chronic aerobic exercise on inflammatory markers of healthy adults. Methods: This study is a systematic review according to PRISMA recommendations. The following databases were searched: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Bireme and Cochrane Library, and article references. The last search was performed in March 2019. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized controlled trials (NRCTs) investigating the acute and chronic effects of aerobic exercise on immune markers in healthy male and female adults aged 20 to 45 years, without restrictions in language or year of publication. Two authors independently analyzed the studies by reading the titles, abstracts, and full texts. Risk of Study bias was analyzed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias Tool. Outcomes: We included 15 studies in this systematic review, 13 of which were acute intervention and 2 were chronic, with 296 participants, 196 men and 100 women all being healthy individuals. It was observed that the acute intervention promotes changes in most immunological markers, while the chronic intervention interferes with a smaller proportion, this being in lymphocyte subpopulations. In the evaluation of quality, it was found that most studies did not present a high risk of bias in the evaluated aspects, but an unclear related risk of bias was observed, requiring a more careful analysis. Conclusion: Thus, it can be concluded that the evidence indicates that acute and chronic interventions may modify most immune markers, but aspects such as gender, contraceptive pill use in women, physical capacity of the investigated individuals, environment, and type and intensity of the exercises may interfere with these markers as well as the data analysis. Therefore, this review suggests that further research is needed to contribute to the confirmation and estimation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Isis Kelly Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Matheus Dantas
- Graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Brazil
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Steckling FM, Lima FD, Farinha JB, Rosa PC, Royes LFF, Cuevas MJ, Bresciani G, Soares FA, González-Gallego J, Barcelos RP. Diclofenac attenuates inflammation through TLR4 pathway and improves exercise performance after exhaustive swimming. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 30:264-271. [PMID: 31618484 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of NSAIDs has become a common practice to counteract the pro-inflammatory acute effects of exercise, in order to improve sports performance. The liver, due to its central role in energy metabolism, may be involved primarily in the process of ROS generation and consequently inflammation after exhaustive exercise. OBJECTIVE To analyze the influence of diclofenac on the liver TLR4 pathway and time to exhaustion in rats submitted to repeated exhaustive swimming. METHODS An exhaustive test was performed in order to mimic athletes' routine, and inflammatory status and oxidative stress markers were evaluated in the liver. Animals were divided into sedentary and exhaustion groups, with this last performing three exhaustive swimming bouts. At the same time, diclofenac or saline was pre-administered once a day for nine days. RESULTS Data showed significantly increased COX-2, TLR4, and MyD88 protein content in the liver after exhaustive swimming bouts. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines also increased after exhaustive exercise, while these effects were attenuated in the group treated with diclofenac plus exhaustive swimming bouts. The anti-inflammatory modulation provoked by diclofenac treatment was associated with an increased time to exhaustion in the exercise bouts. The exhaustive exercise increased TBARS formation, but diclofenac treatment blunted this elevation, while GSH/GSSG ratios in both exhaustion-saline and exhaustion-diclofenac-treated groups were lower than in the sedentary-saline group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that diclofenac may improve exercise performance and represent an effective tool to ameliorate the pro-inflammatory status in liver when associated with exhaustive exercise, and the liver may be a possible therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia M Steckling
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Frederico D Lima
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Juliano B Farinha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências do Movimento Humano, Escola de Educação Física, Fisioterapia e Dança, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Pamela Carvalho Rosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Departamento de Métodos e Técnicas Desportivas, Centro de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Maria J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERehd), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Guilherme Bresciani
- Grupo de Investigación en Rendimiento Físico y Salud (IRyS), Escuela de Educación Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaiso, Valparaiso, Chile
| | - Félix Alexandre Soares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBERehd), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Rômulo P Barcelos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas (CCNE), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
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Stawski R, Walczak K, Perdas E, Wlodarczyk A, Sarniak A, Kosielski P, Meissner P, Budlewski T, Padula G, Nowak D. Decreased integrity of exercise-induced plasma cell free nuclear DNA - negative association with the increased oxidants production by circulating phagocytes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15970. [PMID: 31685910 PMCID: PMC6828751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52409-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strenuous exercise increases circulating cell free DNA (cfDNA) and stimulates blood phagocytes to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may induce DNA strand breaks. We tested whether: (A) elevated cfDNA in response to three repeated bouts of exhaustive exercise has decreased integrity; (B) each bout of exercise increases luminol enhanced whole blood chemiluminescence (LBCL) as a measure of ROS production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Eleven men performed three treadmill exercise tests to exhaustion separated by 72 hours of resting. Pre- and post-exercise concentrations and integrity of cf nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (cf n-DNA, cf mt-DNA) and resting (r) and fMLP (n-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine)-stimulated LBCL were determined. Each bout increased concentrations of cf n-DNA by more than 10-times which was accompanied by about 2-times elevated post-exercise rLBCL and fMLP-LBCL. Post-exercise cf n-DNA integrity (integrity index, I229/97) decreased after the first (0.59 ± 0.19 vs. 0.48 ± 0.18) and second (0.53 ± 0.14 vs. 0.44 ± 0.17) bout of exercise. There were negative correlations between I229/97 and rLBCL (ƍ = –0.37), and I229/97 and fMLP-LBCL (ƍ = –0.40) – analysis of pooled pre- and post-exercise data (n = 66). cf mt- DNA integrity (I218/78) did not alter in response to exercise. This suggests an involvement of phagocyte ROS in cf n-DNA strand breaks in response to exhaustive exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stawski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Konrad Walczak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrodiabetology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Perdas
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Wlodarczyk
- Department of Sleep Medicine and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agata Sarniak
- Department of General Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kosielski
- Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Pawel Meissner
- Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Budlewski
- Department of Rheumatology, Medical University of Lodz, University Hospital name of the Military Medical Academy-Central Hospital Veterans of Lodz Ul. Pieniny 30, 92-115, Łódź, Poland
| | - Gianluca Padula
- Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Nowak
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
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Cho D, Kim SH. Health Capability and Psychological Effects of Regular Exercise on Adults: Middle-Aged and Older. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2019; 91:520-537. [DOI: 10.1177/0091415019882009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to determine whether there is any difference on participation in regular exercise between middle-aged and older adults and to determine whether the benefits of regular exercise differed between middle-aged and older adults in terms of health capability, mood, or anxiety symptoms and life-satisfaction level. The results indicated that older adults engaged in regular exercise more frequently than middle-aged adults. In addition, exercise participants among middle-aged adults had the better health capabilities, lower depression and anxiety symptoms, and higher life-satisfaction level than nonparticipants. On the other hands, older adults tended to be negatively associated with depression and anxiety symptoms and be positively correlated with life-satisfaction level than middle-aged adults even if middle-aged adults had the better health capabilities. These findings might be beneficial to provide appropriate exercise programs, to prevent and minimize the negative symptoms of anxiety and depression, and to facilitate the life-satisfaction level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwook Cho
- Department of Health, Physical Education, and Recreation, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, USA
| | - Sae-Hyung Kim
- Department of Measurement and Evaluation of Physical Education, Chungbuk National University, Seowon-gu, South Korea
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44
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Kandola A, Ashdown-Franks G, Hendrikse J, Sabiston CM, Stubbs B. Physical activity and depression: Towards understanding the antidepressant mechanisms of physical activity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:525-539. [PMID: 31586447 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 93.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Physical activity can treat and prevent depressive symptoms, but its antidepressant mechanisms are yet to be established. In this review, we comprehensively assess key biological and psychosocial mechanisms through which physical activity exerts antidepressant effects, with a particular focus on exercise. Exercise, a subset of physical activity, influences a range of biological and psychosocial processes also implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. We focus on the capacity for exercise to elicit changes in neuroplasticity, inflammation, oxidative stress, the endocrine system, self-esteem, social support and self-efficacy. We also discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms can inform the way we design and implement exercise-based interventions to maximise their antidepressant effects on an individual basis. We conclude by presenting a conceptual framework of the key biological and psychosocial mechanisms underlying the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms, and the moderators and confounders that may influence it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Kandola
- Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Garcia Ashdown-Franks
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Exercise Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joshua Hendrikse
- Brain, Mind and Society Research Hub, School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Brendon Stubbs
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust, London, UK
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45
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Umarov J, Kerimov F, Toychiev A, Davis N, Osipova S. Association of the 25(OH) vitamin D status with upper respiratory tract infections morbidity in water sports elite athletes. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2019; 59:2058-2065. [PMID: 31062952 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.19.09834-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to determine seasonal changes of total serum 25(OH) vitamin D (VD) concentration and its influence on upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) morbidity among water sports elite athletes. METHODS The study was planned as a prospective, non-interventional, observational study. Study participants included 40 elite athletes and 30 control individuals. Serum levels of 25(OH) VD and TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-6 were detected by ELISA technique. Frequency of acute URTI in participants was determined by medical cards and self-reported questionnaire during the year. RESULTS VD deficiency/insufficiency dominated in both groups of elite athletes, especially in synchronized swimmers (100%) in comparison with the control individuals (63.3%) (P≤0.05). Prevalence of VD deficiency/insufficiency depends on the season, but independently on the season the highest values were observed among athletes. VD sufficiency was detected in 30% and 13.3% of the control individuals in August and February and only in 10% of swimmers in August. More than 3 episodes of URTI were detected only in elite athletes in winter-spring. The elevation of TNF-α, IL-4, IL-6 and decrease of IFN-γ levels were detected in all athletes, but they were more expressed in swimmers. CONCLUSIONS VD insufficiency is quite pronounced among elite athletes engaged in synchronized swimming and swimmers. It is accompanied with a decrease of IFN-γ, increase of TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-6 level, and elevation of URTI morbidity. Seasonal monitoring and correction of the VD level for normalization of cytokine profile and decrease of URTI morbidity is definitely advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamshid Umarov
- Uzbek State University of Physical Education and Sport, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fikrat Kerimov
- Uzbek State University of Physical Education and Sport, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Abdurakhim Toychiev
- Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Uzbekistan -
| | - Nikolay Davis
- Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Svetlana Osipova
- Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
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46
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Effect of exercise on glucose variability in healthy subjects: randomized crossover trial. Biol Sport 2019; 36:141-148. [PMID: 31223191 PMCID: PMC6561229 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2019.83006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effect of aerobic (AER) and eccentric (ECC) exercise on glucose variability, correlating it with circulating markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in healthy subjects. Sixteen healthy subjects (32 ± 12 years old) wore a continuous glucose monitoring system for three days. Participants randomly performed single AER and ECC exercise sessions. Glucose variability was evaluated by glucose variance (VAR), glucose coefficient of variation (CV%) and glucose standard deviation (SD). Blood samples were collected to evaluate inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. When compared with the pre-exercise period of 0-6 h, all the indices of glucose variability presented comparable reductions 12-18 h after both exercises (∆AER: VAR= 151.5, ∆CV% = 0.55 and ∆SD = 3.1 and ECC: ∆VAR = 221.2 , ∆CV% = 3.7 and ∆SD = 6.5). Increased interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels after AER (68.5%) and ECC (30.8%) (P<0.001) were observed, with no differences between sessions (P = 0.459). Uric acid levels were increased after exercise sessions (3% in AER and 4% in ECC, P = 0.001). In conclusion, both AER and ECC exercise sessions reduced glucose variability in healthy individuals. Inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, and stress oxidative markers might play a role in underlying mechanisms modulating the glucose variability responses to exercise (clinicalTrials.gov NCT02262208).
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47
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Molanouri Shamsi M, Chekachak S, Soudi S, Gharakhanlou R, Quinn LS, Ranjbar K, Rezaei S, Shirazi FJ, Allahmoradi B, Yazdi MH, Mahdavi M, Voltarelli FA. Effects of exercise training and supplementation with selenium nanoparticle on T-helper 1 and 2 and cytokine levels in tumor tissue of mice bearing the 4 T1 mammary carcinoma. Nutrition 2019; 57:141-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Bernardo BC, Ooi JYY, Weeks KL, Patterson NL, McMullen JR. Understanding Key Mechanisms of Exercise-Induced Cardiac Protection to Mitigate Disease: Current Knowledge and Emerging Concepts. Physiol Rev 2018; 98:419-475. [PMID: 29351515 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00043.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits of exercise on the heart are well recognized, and clinical studies have demonstrated that exercise is an intervention that can improve cardiac function in heart failure patients. This has led to significant research into understanding the key mechanisms responsible for exercise-induced cardiac protection. Here, we summarize molecular mechanisms that regulate exercise-induced cardiac myocyte growth and proliferation. We discuss in detail the effects of exercise on other cardiac cells, organelles, and systems that have received less or little attention and require further investigation. This includes cardiac excitation and contraction, mitochondrial adaptations, cellular stress responses to promote survival (heat shock response, ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy-lysosomal system, endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, DNA damage response), extracellular matrix, inflammatory response, and organ-to-organ crosstalk. We summarize therapeutic strategies targeting known regulators of exercise-induced protection and the challenges translating findings from bench to bedside. We conclude that technological advancements that allow for in-depth profiling of the genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome, combined with animal and human studies, provide new opportunities for comprehensively defining the signaling and regulatory aspects of cell/organelle functions that underpin the protective properties of exercise. This is likely to lead to the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca C Bernardo
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences , Victoria , Australia
| | - Jenny Y Y Ooi
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences , Victoria , Australia
| | - Kate L Weeks
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences , Victoria , Australia
| | - Natalie L Patterson
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences , Victoria , Australia
| | - Julie R McMullen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute , Melbourne , Australia ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; Department of Medicine, Central Clinical School, Monash University , Victoria , Australia ; and Department of Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences , Victoria , Australia
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Becke A, Müller P, Dordevic M, Lessmann V, Brigadski T, Müller NG. Daily Intermittent Normobaric Hypoxia Over 2 Weeks Reduces BDNF Plasma Levels in Young Adults - A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Study. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1337. [PMID: 30327610 PMCID: PMC6174219 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The results from animal and human research indicate that acute intermittent hypoxia can enhance brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plasma levels and gene expression. As BDNF is known to promote the differentiation of new neurons and the formation of synapses, it has been proposed to mediate adult neuroplasticity. Thus, the present study aimed to analyze the long-term effects of daily intermittent exposure to normobaric hypoxia (simulating high altitude exposure at approximately 4000–5000 m) over 2 weeks on BDNF levels in young adults. Methods: Twenty-eight young adults (age: 19–33 years) were randomized into a hypoxic intervention group (N = 14) or the control group (N = 14). Participants in the intervention group breathed intermittent normobaric hypoxic air at resting conditions (5 min intervals, 80–85% SpO2 measured via a finger pulse oximeter, 12 sessions for 60 min/day for 2 weeks) via a hypoxic generator. BDNF plasma and serum levels were determined at baseline and at 2 weeks after intervention using sandwich ELISAs. Results: After 2 weeks of daily intermittent hypoxic treatment (IHT), we found a significant group x time interaction effect for BDNF plasma levels based on a significant decrease in BDNF levels in the hypoxia group. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that daily intermittent administration of hypoxic air has a significant effect on BDNF regulation in healthy young adults. Contrary to other results reporting an increase in BDNF levels under hypoxic conditions, the present data suggest that hypoxic treatment using intensive IHT can reduce BDNF plasma levels for at least 2 weeks. This finding indicates that the daily application of hypoxic air is too frequent for the aimed physiological response, namely, an increase in BDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Becke
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Neuroprotection Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Neuroprotection Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Milos Dordevic
- Neuroprotection Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Lessmann
- Institute of Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Brigadski
- Institute of Physiology, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Informatics and Microsystem Technology, University of Applied Sciences, Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Notger G Müller
- Neuroprotection Laboratory, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
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50
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Lage VKS, Lacerda ACR, Neves CDC, Chaves MGA, Soares AA, Lima LP, Martins JB, Matos MA, Vieira ÉLM, Teixeira AL, Leite HR, Oliveira VC, Mendonça VA. Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration on Inflammatory Markers in People with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Pilot Study. Rehabil Res Pract 2018; 2018:5480214. [PMID: 30057818 PMCID: PMC6051030 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5480214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-body vibration (WBV) has gained prominence in the rehabilitation of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) because it is a safe and low intensity exercise that promises beneficial effects on physical performance and quality of life. However, its effects on plasma cytokine levels in COPD are still unclear. The aim of the current study was to investigate the acute effects of WBV on inflammatory biomarkers in people with COPD. Twenty-six participants, COPD people (n=13) and healthy controls (n=13), were included. Both groups performed WBV at amplitude of 2 mm and frequency of vibration of 35 Hz, during six series of 30 seconds. They were assessed for lung function, body composition, 6-minute walking test (6MWT), handgrip strength test, plasma concentrations of interleukin (IL), IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, and soluble tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) receptors (sTNFR-1 and sTNFR-2). People with COPD had moderate disease [forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) = 58.1%], as well as a worse performance in the 6MWT. The plasma cytokine profile at rest showed that participants with COPD had higher levels of IL-8 and lower levels of IL-10. After one session of WBV, we found an increased plasma IL-10 level in the COPD group, with similar levels for healthy controls. One session of WBV modified the plasma IL-10 level. No effects were found on the other investigated cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa K. S. Lage
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina R. Lacerda
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila D. C. Neves
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria Gabriela A. Chaves
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Aline A. Soares
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Liliana P. Lima
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jeanne B. Martins
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariana A. Matos
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica L. M. Vieira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Antônio L. Teixeira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Hércules R. Leite
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Cunha Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vanessa A. Mendonça
- Programa Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Sociedade Brasileira de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Metabolismo (LIM), CIPq Saúde, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, MG, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Reabilitação e Desempenho Funcional, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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