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Walther KA, Gröger S, Vogler JAH, Wöstmann B, Meyle J. Inflammation indices in association with periodontitis and cancer. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39317462 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex physiological process that plays a pivotal role in many if not all pathological conditions, including infectious as well as inflammatory diseases, like periodontitis and autoimmune disorders. Inflammatory response to periodontal biofilms and tissue destruction in periodontitis is associated with the release of inflammatory mediators. Chronic inflammation can promote the development of cancer. Persistence of inflammatory mediators plays a crucial role in this process. Quantification and monitoring of the severity of inflammation in relation to cancer is essential. Periodontitis is mainly quantified based on the severity and extent of attachment loss and/or pocket probing depth, in addition with bleeding on probing. In recent years, studies started to investigate inflammation indices in association with periodontal diseases. To date, only few reviews have been published focusing on the relationship between blood cell count, inflammation indices, and periodontitis. This review presents a comprehensive overview of different systemic inflammation indices, their methods of measurement, and the clinical applications in relation to periodontitis and cancer. This review outlines the physiological basis of inflammation and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the parameters described. Key inflammation indices are commonly utilized in periodontology such as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. Inflammation indices like the platelet to lymphocyte ratio, platelet distribution width, plateletcrit, red blood cell distribution width, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, delta neutrophil index, and the systemic immune inflammation index are also used in hospital settings and will be discussed. The clinical roles and limitations, relationship to systemic diseases as well as their association to periodontitis and treatment response are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay-Arne Walther
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Gröger
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Wöstmann
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jörg Meyle
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Clinic, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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2
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Verma S, Sangha KS, Singh P, Mustilwar R, Francis J, Nasser N. Comparative Evaluation of Dental Hygiene Awareness among Student Population Studying in Various Technical and Nontechnical Courses. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S2533-S2536. [PMID: 39346439 PMCID: PMC11426778 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_347_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Achieving patient compliance is a key goal in oral health, necessitating early education on good dental hygiene practices. This study assesses dental hygiene awareness among college students in various disciplines. Methods A questionnaire focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to dental hygiene was distributed to 400 students from medical, nursing, engineering, and other undergraduate programs, divided into groups of 100 each. The survey also considered economic backgrounds and oral hygiene behaviors. Responses were collected online, with data analyzed using the Chi-square test and Pearson's coefficient to determine statistical significance (P < 0.05). Results All collected responses were valid, revealing that most students, primarily from middle- or lower-income groups, have a satisfactory level of knowledge regarding oral hygiene. Over 90% recognize its importance for overall health. While practices were generally good, areas for improvement were identified, alongside an overall positive attitude. However, infrequent dental visits were noted as a concern. Conclusion Focusing on improving oral hygiene attitudes and practices among the younger generation could have long-term benefits, especially in developing countries aiming for better oral health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shisham Verma
- Department of Dentistry, Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Govt Medical College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kuldip S. Sangha
- Department of Dentistry, Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Govt Medical College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Pushpraj Singh
- Department of Dentistry, Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Govt Medical College, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rachita Mustilwar
- Department of Periodontology, Rural Dental College, PIMS (DU), Loni (Bk), Maharashtra, India
| | - John Francis
- Department of Prosthodontics, MES Dental College, Palachode, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India
| | - Nilamahan Nasser
- Department of Periodontology, RVS Dental College and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Kim BG, Lee H, Lee SK, Paik SY, Yun SH, Park CJ, Yeo Y, Park TS, Moon JY, Kim TH, Sohn JW, Kim SH, Yoon HJ, Park DW. Chronic periodontitis and risk of lung cancer: a nationwide cohort study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1413590. [PMID: 39015494 PMCID: PMC11250509 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1413590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of long-term chronic periodontal conditions on the risk of lung cancer could not be accurately evaluated. Our aim was to provide more evidence on the connection between chronic periodontitis (CP) and lung cancer using a nationwide dataset. Methods This study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort. We enrolled 72,658 individuals with CP (CP cohort) between 2005 and 2019 and 1:1 age- and sex-matched controls without CP (non-CP cohort). Results During the median follow-up period of 5.1 (interquartile range, 2.8-8.0) years, 0.56% (n = 405/72,658) of the CP cohort and 0.29% (n = 212/72,658) of the matched non-CP cohort developed lung cancer, with incidence rates of 8.3 and 4.5 per 10,000 person-years. The risk of incident lung cancer was significantly higher in the CP cohort than in the matched non-CP cohort (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.27, 95% confidence interval = 1.94-2.65). The risk of incident lung cancer was 2.45-fold and 2.10-fold higher in mild and moderate-to-severe CP cohorts than in the matched non-CP control. The risk of incident lung cancer was especially higher in the 40-59 age group, females, and never-smokers than their counterparts. Conclusion We demonstrate that the risk of incident lung cancer is higher in individuals with CP than in those without. The risk of lung cancer was especially high in individuals with more severe CP, females, never-smokers, and obese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Guen Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Kyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Young Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Hyoung Yun
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Joo Park
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoomi Yeo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Won Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Joo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gusev E, Sarapultsev A. Exploring the Pathophysiology of Long COVID: The Central Role of Low-Grade Inflammation and Multisystem Involvement. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6389. [PMID: 38928096 PMCID: PMC11204317 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long COVID (LC), also referred to as Post COVID-19 Condition, Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (PASC), and other terms, represents a complex multisystem disease persisting after the acute phase of COVID-19. Characterized by a myriad of symptoms across different organ systems, LC presents significant diagnostic and management challenges. Central to the disorder is the role of low-grade inflammation, a non-classical inflammatory response that contributes to the chronicity and diversity of symptoms observed. This review explores the pathophysiological underpinnings of LC, emphasizing the importance of low-grade inflammation as a core component. By delineating the pathogenetic relationships and clinical manifestations of LC, this article highlights the necessity for an integrated approach that employs both personalized medicine and standardized protocols aimed at mitigating long-term consequences. The insights gained not only enhance our understanding of LC but also inform the development of therapeutic strategies that could be applicable to other chronic conditions with similar pathophysiological features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia;
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Palmeira E, de Liz Pérez-Losada F, Díaz-Flores-García V, Segura-Sampedro JJ, Segura-Egea JJ, López-López J. Prevalence of oral infections in chronic kidney disease patients: A cross-sectional study. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2708-2715. [PMID: 37392430 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and periodontal disease (periodontitis) (PD) in Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in relation to their treatment phase. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 188 patients with CKD were divided into two groups: patients without dialysis (WD group, n = 53) and patients on dialysis (DP group, n = 135). Panoramic radiographs were used to diagnose AP. The presence of periodontal disease was evaluated radiographically assessing alveolar bone loss. Student's t-test, chi-squared test, and logistic regression analysis were used to determine the significance of differences between groups. RESULTS In the WD group, 55% of patients had at least one tooth with AP, whereas in the DP group 67% had at least one tooth with AP (OR = 2.11; 95% CI = 1.09-4.08; p < 0.05). PD was more prevalent in the DP group (78%) than in the WD group (36%) (OR = 6.26; CI 95% = 3.13-12.52; p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Oral infections are more prevalent in the advanced stages of CKD. The treatment of PD and AP should be incorporated in the treatment planning of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flor de Liz Pérez-Losada
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (School of Dentistry), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Díaz-Flores-García
- Department of Pre-Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan J Segura-Sampedro
- General & Digestive Surgery Unit, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, School of Medicine, Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Juan J Segura-Egea
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - José López-López
- Department of Odontostomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (School of Dentistry), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Lee T, Han K, Yun KI. Association between dental scaling and metabolic syndrome and lifestyle. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297545. [PMID: 38573898 PMCID: PMC10994476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Periodontal disease is a risk factor for diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and non-surgical periodontal treatment has been shown to help maintain stable blood sugar in diabetic patients. Determining the level of preventive scaling in patients with metabolic syndrome will help manage the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which people with metabolic syndrome or bad lifestyle performed scaling and the association between preventive scaling and metabolic syndrome or lifestyle in a large population. METHODS This study was conducted on adults aged 20 years or older from January 2014 to December 2017 in the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) database. Among 558,067 people who underwent health checkups, 555,929 people were included. A total of 543,791 people were investigated for preventive scaling. Metabolic syndrome components were abdominal obesity, lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-C, high triglycerides, high blood pressure and hyperglycemia. Unhealthy lifestyle score was calculated by assigning 1 point each for current smokers, drinkers, and no performing regular exercise. RESULTS When multiple logistic regression analysis was performed after adjusting for age, sex, income, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking and regular exercise, the Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the group with 5 metabolic syndrome components were 0.741 (0.710, 0.773) (p<0.0001). After adjustment for age, sex, income, BMI, smoking, drinking, regular exercise, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia, the OR (95% CI) of the group with unhealthy lifestyle score = 3 was 0.612 (0.586, 0.640) (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The more metabolic syndrome components, and the higher unhealthy lifestyle score, the less scaling was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- TaeYeon Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-In Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ferat-Osorio E, Maldonado-García JL, Pavón L. How inflammation influences psychiatric disease. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:342-349. [PMID: 38617981 PMCID: PMC11008389 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i3.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies highlight the strong correlation between infectious diseases and the development of neuropsychiatric disorders. In this editorial, we comment on the article "Anti-infective therapy durations predict psychological stress and laparoscopic surgery quality in pelvic abscess patients" by Zhang et al, published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry 2023; 13 (11): 903-911. Our discussion highlighted the potential consequences of anxiety, depression, and psychosis, which are all linked to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, which are relevant to the impact of inflammation on the sequelae in mental health as those we are observing after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. We focus specifically on the immune mechanisms triggered by inflammation, the primary contributor to psychiatric complications. Importantly, pathophysiological mechanisms such as organ damage, post-injury inflammation, and infection-induced endocrine alterations, including hypocortisolism or autoantibody formation, significantly contribute to the development of chronic low-grade inflammation, promoting the emergence or development of psychiatric alterations in susceptible individuals. As inflammation can have long-term effects on patients, a multidisciplinary treatment plan can avoid complications and debilitating health issues, and it is crucial to recognize and address the mental health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ferat-Osorio
- División de Investigación Clínica de la Coordinación de Investigación en Salud, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - José Luis Maldonado-García
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Lenin Pavón
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
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Somay E, Topkan E, Yilmaz B, Besen AA, Mertsoylu H, Selek U. Predicting Teeth Extraction after Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients Using the Novel GLUCAR Index. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3594. [PMID: 38066835 PMCID: PMC10706082 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13233594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the value of the newly created GLUCAR index in predicting tooth extraction rates after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT) in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas (LA-NPCs). Methods: A total of 187 LA-NPC patients who received C-CRT were retrospectively analyzed. The GLUCAR index was defined as 'GLUCAR = (Fasting Glucose × CRP/Albumin Ratio) by utilizing measures of glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin obtained on the first day of C-CRT. Results: The optimal GLUCAR cutoff was 31.8 (area under the curve: 78.1%; sensitivity: 70.5%; specificity: 70.7%, Youden: 0.412), dividing the study cohort into two groups: GLUCAR ˂ 1.8 (N = 78) and GLUCAR ≥ 31.8 (N = 109) groups. A comparison between the two groups found that the tooth extraction rate was significantly higher in the group with a GLUCAR ≥ 31.8 (84.4% vs. 47.4% for GLUCAR ˂ 31.8; odds ratio (OR):1.82; p < 0.001). In the univariate analysis, the mean mandibular dose ≥ 38.5 Gy group (76.5% vs. 54.9% for <38.5 Gy; OR: 1.45; p = 0.008), mandibular V55.2 Gy group ≥ 40.5% (80.3 vs. 63.5 for <40.5%, p = 0.004, OR; 1.30), and being diabetic (71.8% vs. 57.9% for nondiabetics; OR: 1.23; p = 0.007) appeared as the additional factors significantly associated with higher tooth extraction rates. All four characteristics remained independent predictors of higher tooth extraction rates after C-CRT in the multivariate analysis (p < 0.05 for each). Conclusions: The GLUCAR index, first introduced here, may serve as a robust new biomarker for predicting post-C-CRT tooth extraction rates and stratifying patients according to their tooth loss risk after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efsun Somay
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara 06490, Turkey;
| | - Erkan Topkan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Adana 01120, Turkey
| | - Busra Yilmaz
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dental Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Istanbul 34349, Turkey;
| | - Ali Ayberk Besen
- Clinics of Medical Oncology, Adana Seyhan Medical Park Hospital, Adana 01120, Turkey;
| | - Hüseyin Mertsoylu
- Clinics of Medical Oncology, Istinye University, Adana Medical Park Hospital, Adana 01120, Turkey;
| | - Ugur Selek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey;
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Lohiya DV, Mehendale AM, Lohiya DV, Lahoti HS, Agrawal VN. Effects of Periodontitis on Major Organ Systems. Cureus 2023; 15:e46299. [PMID: 37915876 PMCID: PMC10616634 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the fact that oral disorders are not merely localized to the mouth; in a broader sense, they also have a more significant impact on systemic health. In this review, we tried to bring to the notice various complications of periodontitis on the body's major organ systems. It has also been suggested that there is a potential connection between periodontitis and certain systemic disorders. Reviewing this fascinating topic is necessary. The objective is to create a thorough body of knowledge on the subject that is simple to access, alert medical professionals to the connection between dental health and systemic health, and highlight the necessity of a more thorough incorporation of medical and dental training. Periodontitis is a probable risk factor for various problems connected to the cardiovascular, pulmonary, endocrine, musculoskeletal, central nervous, and reproductive systems. It is a continual likely source of infection. Oral health affects overall health, and if extensive healthcare is ever accomplished, dental health should never be considered a distinct, remote, and lower significant part of health wholly disconnected from quality of life. One should never underestimate oral disorders as being acute and always curable. People should take utmost care and take the condition seriously to prevent significant complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drishti V Lohiya
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Ashok M Mehendale
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Divya V Lohiya
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Harsh S Lahoti
- Preventive Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
| | - Vidhi N Agrawal
- Otolaryngology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND
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Li J, Ge J, Ran N, Zheng C, Fang Y, Fang D, Yang Q, Ma Y. Finding the priority and cluster of inflammatory biomarkers for infectious preterm birth: a systematic review. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:25. [PMID: 37488605 PMCID: PMC10367376 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious preterm birth (PTB) is one of the most important causes of perinatal death. It is difficult to find reliable biomarkers accurate to gestational weeks for infectious PTB prediction clinically. Infectious PTB is found usually accompanied with immune imbalance. Thus, the systematic study to find the priority of inflammatory biomarkers and innovative inflammatory clusters for infectious PTB prediction is urgently needed.This systematic study that focused on the inflammatory clusters and infectious PTB in the PubMed database was analyzed by using the criteria of the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Study design (PICOS) framework according to the recommendations of preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA).The network meta-analyzed results showed that the prioritization of the inflammatory factors for infectious PTB prediction is soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2) > tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) > interleukin-10 (IL-10) > interleukin-6 (IL-6) > C-reactive protein (CRP) > interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Furthermore, the results also indicated that global consideration of multiple inflammatory factors, such as CRP/IL-1β/IL-6 biomarker cluster in gestational 27-34 weeks, and the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor (TNF/NGF) family during gestational 25-33 weeks, were potential biomarker clusters that specific for infectious PTB prediction.This study systematically pointed out prioritization of the inflammatory factors for infectious PTB prediction. The results also provided evidence that maternal inflammatory clusters can predict infectious PTB occurrence at accurate gestational week. The global consideration of multiple inflammatory factors at accurate gestational age is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Li
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Jianrong Ge
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Na Ran
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Changwu Zheng
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Yumeng Fang
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Danna Fang
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China
| | - Qian Yang
- NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeling Ma
- School of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China.
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11
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Sung LC, Chang CC, Yeh CC, Lee CY, Hu CJ, Cherng YG, Chen TL, Liao CC. The effects of regular dental scaling on the complications and mortality after stroke: a retrospective cohort study based on a real-world database. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:487. [PMID: 37452324 PMCID: PMC10349500 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03178-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have shown that people with dental scaling (DS) had decreased risk of stroke. However, limited information is available on the association between DS and poststroke outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of regular DS on the complications and mortality after stroke. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 49,547 hospitalized stroke patients who received regular DS using 2010-2017 claims data of Taiwan's National Health Insurance. Using a propensity-score matching procedure, we selected 49,547 women without DS for comparison. Multiple logistic regressions were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of poststroke complications and in-hospital mortality associated with regular DS. RESULTS Stroke patients with regular DS had significantly lower risks of poststroke pneumonia (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.54-0.63), septicemia (OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.54-0.63), urinary tract infection (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.66-0.71), intensive care (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.78-0.84), and in-hospital mortality (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.62-0.71) compared with non-DS stroke patients. Stroke patients with regular DS also had shorter hospital stays (p < 0.0001) and less medical expenditures (p < 0.0001) during stroke admission than the control group. Lower rates of poststroke adverse events in patients with regular DS were noted in both sexes, all age groups, and people with various types of stroke. CONCLUSION Stroke patients with regular DS showed fewer complications and lower mortality compared with patients had no DS. These findings suggest the urgent need to promote regular DS for this susceptible population of stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chin Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Chau Chang
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Yeh
- Department of Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Chia-Yen Lee
- Department of Dentistry, Taiwan Adventist Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chaur-Jong Hu
- Department of Neurology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Giun Cherng
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Liang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chang Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Anesthesiology and Health Policy Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Big Data and Meta-Analysis, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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12
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Grant WB, van Amerongen BM, Boucher BJ. Periodontal Disease and Other Adverse Health Outcomes Share Risk Factors, including Dietary Factors and Vitamin D Status. Nutrients 2023; 15:2787. [PMID: 37375691 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
For nearly a century, researchers have associated periodontal disease (PD) with risks of other adverse health outcomes such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory diseases, as well as adverse pregnancy outcomes. Those findings have led to the hypothesis that PD causes those adverse health outcomes either by increasing systemic inflammation or by the action of periodontopathic bacteria. However, experiments largely failed to support that hypothesis. Instead, the association is casual, not causal, and is due to shared underlying modifiable risk factors, including smoking, diet, obesity, low levels of physical activity, and low vitamin D status. Diabetes mellitus is also considered a risk factor for PD, whereas red and processed meat are the most important dietary risk factors for diabetes. Because PD generally develops before other adverse health outcomes, a diagnosis of PD can alert patients that they could reduce the risk of adverse health outcomes with lifestyle changes. In addition, type 2 diabetes mellitus can often be reversed rapidly by adopting an anti-inflammatory, nonhyperinsulinemic diet that emphasizes healthful, whole plant-based foods. This review describes the evidence that proinflammatory and prohyperinsulinemia diets and low vitamin D status are important risk factors for PD and other adverse health outcomes. We also make recommendations regarding dietary patterns, food groups, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. Oral health professionals should routinely inform patients with PD that they could reduce their risk of severe PD as well as the risks of many other adverse health outcomes by making appropriate lifestyle changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William B Grant
- Sunlight, Nutrition and Health Research Center, P.O. Box 641603, San Francisco, CA 94164-1603, USA
| | | | - Barbara J Boucher
- The Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK
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13
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Sahile AT, Wondimu MT, Fikrie EM. Tooth brushing practice in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6418. [PMID: 37076554 PMCID: PMC10115787 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33541-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral hygiene refers to taking care and maintaining the cleanness of gum and teeth; a good oral hygiene practice promotes better oral health in general. Oral hygiene is the top public health concern of the population. Tooth brushing is a technique to keep oral hygiene from related complications. Therefore, this study provides the pooled prevalence of tooth brushing practice in Ethiopia. Databases searched for articles systematically across PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinari, EMBASE, and African Journals Online. Two reviewers independently conducted the selection, screening, reviewing, and data extraction using a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and used the Joanna Briggs Institute prevalence critical appraisal tools to assess the quality of evidence. All studies conducted in Ethiopia from 2010 to 2020, reporting tooth-brushing practices extracted for and imported into the Comprehensive meta-analysis version 3.0 for further analysis. Beggs and Eggers's tests evaluated for publication bias with Higgins's method evaluated for heterogeneity. A random-effects meta-analysis model with a 95% confidence interval was computed to estimate the pooled effect size (prevalence). Furthermore, the authors employed subgroup analysis based on the study area and sample size. After reviewing 36, 10 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of tooth brushing practice was 12.2% (95% CI 7.6-19.2%). The review reported a lower level of tooth-brushing practice in Ethiopia. We recommended that special attention should be given to the oral hygiene of the Ethiopian people.
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14
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Verma UP, Singh P, Verma AK. Correlation Between Chronic Periodontitis and Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e36476. [PMID: 37090288 PMCID: PMC10117959 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is associated with many systemic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and pulmonary diseases. Interestingly, recent literature suggests that periodontal disease might be a risk factor for various cancers such as lung, colon, oesophageal, head, and neck cancers. However, the precise mechanistic link is lacking. Hence, in this meta-analysis, we aimed to investigate the correlation between periodontal disease and lung cancer in periodontally diseased patients. Data were searched for relevant studies from 2010 to 2022. We correlated periodontal disease and lung cancer based on adjusted ORs/HRs and associated CIs. I2 statistic was used to assess statistical heterogeneity. Publication bias was analyzed by visually inspecting the symmetry of the funnel plot and Egger's test. The study is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; registration no: CRD42023390819). A total of 194,850 participants from observational studies (two case-control studies and five cohort studies) were incorporated for the current analysis. The meta-analysis of included studies showed an overall effect size (risk ratio) of the periodontal disease group with respect to the non-periodontal disease group for lung neoplasm to be 1.41 (95% CI: 1.32-1.52). The value was more than 1, indicating that the periodontal disease group had a relatively higher lung cancer prevalence than the non-periodontal disease group. Further, the overall risk ratio was found to be statistically significant (p<0.00001). Moreover, the funnel plot suggested some degree of publication bias. Evidence in our study implicated that there is an increased risk of occurrence of lung cancer in chronic periodontitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh P Verma
- Department of Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Pooja Singh
- Department of Periodontology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
| | - Ajay K Verma
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, IND
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15
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Bhatt HD, Golub LM, Lee HM, Kim J, Zimmerman T, Deng J, Hong H, Johnson F, Gu Y. Efficacy of a Novel Pleiotropic MMP-Inhibitor, CMC2.24, in a Long-Term Diabetes Rat Model with Severe Hyperglycemia-Induced Oral Bone Loss. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:779-792. [PMID: 36860795 PMCID: PMC9969803 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s399043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose CMC2.24, a novel 4-(phenylaminocarbonyl)-chemically-modified-curcumin, is a pleiotropic MMP-Inhibitor of various inflammatory/collagenolytic diseases including periodontitis. This compound has demonstrated efficacy in host modulation therapy along with improved resolution of inflammation in various study models. The objective of current study is to determine the efficacy of CMC2.24 in reducing the severity of diabetes, and its long-term role as an MMP-inhibitor, in a rat model. Methods Twenty-one adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly distributed into three groups: Normal (N), Diabetic (D) and Diabetic+CMC2.24 (D+2.24). All three groups were orally administered vehicle: carboxymethylcellulose alone (N, D), or CMC2.24 (D+2.24; 30mg/kg/day). Blood was collected at 2-months and 4-months' time-point. At completion, gingival tissue and peritoneal washes were collected/analyzed, and jaws examined for alveolar bone loss by micro-CT. Additionally, sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)-activation of human-recombinant (rh) MMP-9 and its inhibition by treatment with 10μM CMC2.24, Doxycycline, and Curcumin were evaluated. Results CMC2.24 significantly reduced the levels of lower-molecular-weight active-MMP-9 in plasma. Similar trend of reduced active-MMP-9 was also observed in cell-free peritoneal and pooled gingival extracts. Thus, treatment substantially decreased conversion of pro- to actively destructive proteinase. Normalization of the pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1ß, resolvin-RvD1), and diabetes-induced osteoporosis was observed in presence of CMCM2.24. CMC2.24 also exhibited significant anti-oxidant activity by inhibiting the activation of MMP-9 to a lower-molecular-weight (82kDa) pathologically active form. All these systemic and local effects were observed in the absence of reduction in severity of hyperglycemia. Conclusion CMC2.24 reduced activation of pathologic active-MMP-9, normalized diabetic osteoporosis, and promoted resolution of inflammation but had no effect on the hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. This study also highlights the role of MMP-9 as an early/sensitive biomarker in the absence of change in any other biochemical parameter. CMC2.24 also inhibited significant activation of pro-MMP-9 by NaOCl (oxidant) adding to known mechanisms by which this compound treats collagenolytic/inflammatory diseases including periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heta Dinesh Bhatt
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Lorne M Golub
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Hsi-Ming Lee
- Department of Oral Biology and Pathology, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jihwan Kim
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Buffalo School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Zimmerman
- Division of Laboratory Animal Resources (DLAR) at Stony Brook, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Houlin Hong
- Department of Community Health & Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, City University of New York, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Francis Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacological Sciences, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of General Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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16
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Yu YL, Ma JR, Li SN, Liao MQ, Xu S, Chen HE, Dai SH, Peng XL, Zhao D, Lou YM, Yu XX, Gao XP, Liu YH, Liu J, Ke XY, Ping Z, Wang L, Wang CY, Zeng FF. Association between Periodontitis and Aortic Calcification: A Cohort Study. Angiology 2023; 74:129-138. [PMID: 35503367 DOI: 10.1177/00033197221094713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the association between the presence of periodontitis and aortic calcification (AC) risk among Chinese adults. A total of 6059 individuals who underwent regular health check-ups and received a diagnosis of periodontitis between 2009 and 2016 were included. The outcome was AC, assessed by a chest low-dose spiral CT scan. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the association between periodontitis and AC risk after adjusting for several confounders. After a median follow-up period of 2.3 years (interquartile range: 1.03-4.97 years), 843 cases of AC were identified, with 532 (12.13%) and 311 (18.59%) patients in the non-periodontitis group and periodontitis group, respectively. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that, compared with those without periodontitis, the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval for AC risk in participants with periodontitis was 1.18 (1.02-1.36) (P = .025) in the fully adjusted model. Stratified analyses showed that the positive relationship between periodontitis and AC was more evident in males and participants <65 years of age (pinteraction = .005 and .004, respectively). Our results show that the presence of periodontitis was positively associated with AC among Chinese adults, especially among males and younger participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Lin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun-Rong Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu-Na Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Min-Qi Liao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong-En Chen
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Hong Dai
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Peng
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan-Mei Lou
- Department of Health Management, Beijing Xiao Tang Shan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu-Ping Gao
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 74577Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Hua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, 191599The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Preventive Medicine of Guizhou Province, 66367Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xing-Yao Ke
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhao Ping
- Department of Health Management, Beijing Xiao Tang Shan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chang-Yi Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, 557960Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fang-Fang Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, 47885Jinan University, Guangdong, China
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17
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The Association of the Oral Microbiota with the Effects of Acid Stress Induced by an Increase of Brain Lactate in Schizophrenia Patients. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020240. [PMID: 36830777 PMCID: PMC9953675 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The altered cerebral energy metabolism central to schizophrenia can be linked to lactate accumulation. Lactic acid is produced by gastrointestinal bacteria, among others, and readily crosses the blood-brain barrier, leading to the brain acidity. This study aimed to examine the association of the oral microbiota with the effects of acid stress induced by an increase of brain lactate in schizophrenia patients. The study included patients with a diagnosis of acute polyphasic psychotic disorder meeting criteria for schizophrenia at 3-month follow-up. Results: Individuals with a significantly higher total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale had statistically significantly lower lactate concentrations compared to those with a lower total score and higher brain lactate. We observed a positive correlation between Actinomyces and lactate levels in the anterior cingulate cap and a negative correlation between bacteria associated with lactate metabolism and some clinical assessment scales. Conclusions: Shifts in the oral microbiota in favour of lactate-utilising bacterial genera may represent a compensatory mechanism in response to increased lactate production in the brain. Assessment of neuronal function mediated by ALA-LAC-dependent NMDA regulatory mechanisms may, thus, support new therapies for schizophrenia, for which acidosis has become a differentiating feature of individuals with schizophrenia endophenotypes.
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18
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Dopico J, Botelho J, Ouro A, Domínguez C, Machado V, Aramburu-Nuñez M, Custodia A, Blanco T, Vázquez-Reza M, Romaus-Sanjurjo D, Blanco J, Leira R, Sobrino T, Leira Y. Association between periodontitis and peripheral markers of innate immunity activation and inflammation. J Periodontol 2023; 94:11-19. [PMID: 35665930 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune response leading to increased systemic inflammation is one of the mechanisms linking periodontitis to chronic inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to compare the expression of toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in monocytes and neutrophils (TLR2M, TLR2N, TLR4M, and TLR4N) and its endogenous ligands (cellular fibronectin [cFN] and heat shock protein 60 [HSP60]) in patients with and without periodontitis. Additionally, the relationship between cFN and HSP60 expression with innate immunity activation and systemic inflammatory response (interleukin 6 [IL-6]) was also evaluated. METHODS A case-controlled study was designed in which 30 patients with periodontitis (cases) and 30 age- and sex-matched participants without periodontitis (controls) were included. Fasting blood samples were collected to determine: (1) expression of TLR2N, TLR2M, TLR4N, and TLR4M by flow cytometry; and (2) serum concentrations of cFN, HSP60, and IL-6 by ELISA technique. RESULTS Expression of TLR2M (411.5 [314.2, 460.0] vs. 236.5 [204.0, 333.0] AFU), TLR2N (387.0 [332.0, 545.5] vs 230.0 [166.2, 277.7] AFU), TLR4M (2478.5 [1762.2, 2828.0] vs 1705.0 [1274.5, 1951.2] AFU), and TLR4N (2791.0 [2306.7, 3226.2] vs. 1866.0 [1547.5, 2687.2] AFU) as well as serum levels of cFN (301.1 [222.2, 410.9] vs. 156.4 [115.3, 194.0] ng/ml) and IL-6 (10.4 [6.5, 11.5] vs. 3.5 [2.6, 4.9] pg/ml) were significantly higher in periodontitis patients than those without periodontitis. A positive association was found between periodontitis and cFN (odds ratio [OR] = 1.028, p < 0.001), TLR2N (OR = 1.026, p < 0.001), TLR4M (OR = 1.001, p = 0.002), and IL-6 (OR = 1.774, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis patients exhibited high expression of TLRs, cFN, and IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Dopico
- Faculty of Odontology and Medicine, Periodontology Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - João Botelho
- Periodontology Department and Evidence-Based Hub, Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz and Cooperative de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alberto Ouro
- NeuroAging Group, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Clara Domínguez
- Neurology Department, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Vanessa Machado
- Periodontology Department and Evidence-Based Hub, Clinical Research Unit, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz and Cooperative de Ensino Superior, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Marta Aramburu-Nuñez
- NeuroAging Group, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antía Custodia
- NeuroAging Group, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Teresa Blanco
- Allergy Department, University Hospital Puerta del Hierro, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vázquez-Reza
- Faculty of Odontology and Medicine, Periodontology Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Daniel Romaus-Sanjurjo
- NeuroAging Group, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan Blanco
- Faculty of Odontology and Medicine, Periodontology Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rogelio Leira
- Neurology Department, University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Tomás Sobrino
- NeuroAging Group, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yago Leira
- Faculty of Odontology and Medicine, Periodontology Unit, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,NeuroAging Group, Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratories (LINC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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19
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Gasmi Benahmed A, Gasmi A, Tippairote T, Mujawdiya PK, Avdeev O, Shanaida Y, Bjørklund G. Metabolic Conditions and Peri-Implantitis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:65. [PMID: 36671266 PMCID: PMC9854649 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implants to replace lost teeth are a common dentistry practice nowadays. Titanium dental implants display a high success rate and improved safety profile. Nevertheless, there is an increasing peri-implantitis (PI), an inflammatory disease associated with polymicrobial infection that adversely affects the hard and soft tissues around the implant. The present review highlights the contribution of different metabolic conditions to PI. The considerations of both local and systemic metabolic conditions are crucial for planning successful dental implant procedures and during the treatment course of PI. Un- or undertreated PI can lead to permanent jaw bone suffering and dental implant losses. The common mediators of PI are inflammation and oxidative stress, which are also the key mediators of most systemic metabolic disorders. Chronic periodontitis, low-grade tissue inflammation, and increased oxidative stress raise the incidence of PI and the underlying systemic metabolic conditions, such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, or harmful lifestyle factors (cigarette smoking, etc.). Using dental biomaterials with antimicrobial effects could partly solve the problem of pathogenic microbial contamination and local inflammation. With local dentistry considering factors, including oral microbiota and implant quality control, the inclusion of the underlying systemic metabolic conditions into the pre-procedure planning and during the treatment course should improve the chances of successful outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Gasmi Benahmed
- Académie Internationale de Médecine Dentaire Intégrative, 75000 Paris, France
| | - Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Torsak Tippairote
- Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital and Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Nutritional and Environmental Medicine Department, BBH Hospital, Bangkok 10540, Thailand
| | | | - Oleksandr Avdeev
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46003 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Yurii Shanaida
- Pediatric Dentistry Department, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46003 Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
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20
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Ye Z, Cao Y, Miao C, Liu W, Dong L, Lv Z, Iheozor-Ejiofor Z, Li C. Periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with periodontitis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022; 10:CD009197. [PMID: 36194420 PMCID: PMC9531722 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd009197.pub5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There may be an association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the evidence so far has been uncertain about whether periodontal therapy can help prevent CVD in people diagnosed with chronic periodontitis. This is the third update of a review originally published in 2014, and most recently updated in 2019. Although there is a new multidimensional staging and grading system for periodontitis, we have retained the label 'chronic periodontitis' in this version of the review since available studies are based on the previous classification system. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of periodontal therapy for primary or secondary prevention of CVD in people with chronic periodontitis. SEARCH METHODS An information specialist searched five bibliographic databases up to 17 November 2021 and additional search methods were used to identify published, unpublished, and ongoing studies. We also searched the Chinese BioMedical Literature Database, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the VIP database, and Sciencepaper Online to March 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared active periodontal therapy to no periodontal treatment or a different periodontal treatment. We included studies of participants with a diagnosis of chronic periodontitis, either with CVD (secondary prevention studies) or without CVD (primary prevention studies). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors carried out the study identification, data extraction, and 'Risk of bias' assessment independently and in duplicate. They resolved any discrepancies by discussion, or with a third review author. We adopted a formal pilot-tested data extraction form, and used the Cochrane tool to assess the risk of bias in the studies. We used GRADE criteria to assess the certainty of the evidence. MAIN RESULTS There are no new completed RCTs on this topic since we published our last update in 2019. We included two RCTs in the review. One study focused on the primary prevention of CVD, and the other addressed secondary prevention. We evaluated both as being at high risk of bias. Our primary outcomes of interest were death (all-cause and CVD-related) and all cardiovascular events, measured at one-year follow-up or longer. For primary prevention of CVD in participants with periodontitis and metabolic syndrome, one study (165 participants) provided very low-certainty evidence. There was only one death in the study; we were unable to determine whether scaling and root planning plus amoxicillin and metronidazole could reduce incidence of all-cause death (Peto odds ratio (OR) 7.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.15 to 376.98), or all CVD-related death (Peto OR 7.48, 95% CI 0.15 to 376.98). We could not exclude the possibility that scaling and root planning plus amoxicillin and metronidazole could increase cardiovascular events (Peto OR 7.77, 95% CI 1.07 to 56.1) compared with supragingival scaling measured at 12-month follow-up. For secondary prevention of CVD, one pilot study randomised 303 participants to receive scaling and root planning plus oral hygiene instruction (periodontal treatment) or oral hygiene instruction plus a copy of radiographs and recommendation to follow-up with a dentist (community care). As cardiovascular events had been measured for different time periods of between 6 and 25 months, and only 37 participants were available with at least one-year follow-up, we did not consider the data to be sufficiently robust for inclusion in this review. The study did not evaluate all-cause death and all CVD-related death. We are unable to draw any conclusions about the effects of periodontal therapy on secondary prevention of CVD. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS For primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people diagnosed with periodontitis and metabolic syndrome, very low-certainty evidence was inconclusive about the effects of scaling and root planning plus antibiotics compared to supragingival scaling. There is no reliable evidence available regarding secondary prevention of CVD in people diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and CVD. Further trials are needed to reach conclusions about whether treatment for periodontal disease can help prevent occurrence or recurrence of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Ye
- Department of Imaging, West China School of Stomatology, Chengdu, China
| | - Yubin Cao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zongkai Lv
- Department of Stomatology, Nan Chong Central Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Chuan Bei Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | | | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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21
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Kim HJ, Shim KW, Na HS, Kim SY, Yu Y, Song Y, Lee HA, Lee JY, Lee JH, Chung J. Assessing the effect of antihypertensives on plaque microbiota in patients with periodontitis and hypertension using 16S rRNA sequencing; a cross-sectional study. J Periodontol 2022; 94:529-541. [PMID: 35989670 DOI: 10.1002/jper.22-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is initiated or accelerated by dysbiosis of oral microorganisms. When hypertension is accompanied in periodontitis patients, the changes of oral microbiota occur. Since there are no reports of antihypertensives, we assessed the effect of antihypertensives on the oral microbial profiles of patients with periodontitis. METHODS This study involved 95 participants divided into two groups: those with periodontitis and hypertension (P_HT) and those with periodontitis and taking medications for hypertension (P_mHT). Plaque samples were collected from the buccal, supragingival, and subgingival sites of the oral cavities of these patients. DNA was extracted, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S ribosomal RNA was sequenced and analyzed. RESULTS The P_HT and P_mHT groups were similar with respect to the alpha- and beta-diversity as well as the dominant phyla and genera but differed in the relative abundance of bacterial species (85 species). In the P_mHT group, the relative abundance of major periodontal pathogens was greatly increased. In particular, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, and Fretibacterium fastidiosum increased nearly three times the LDA score in the supragingival plaque. Also, there was an increase in relative abundance of Prevotella spp. associated with periodontitis and nitrate reduction, which was also evident in the supragingival plaque. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that antihypertensives induce dysbiotic changes in the oral microbiota of patients with periodontitis which are associated with increases in the relative abundance of periodontal pathogens. Therefore, more active periodontal treatment and supportive periodontal therapy are required in patients taking antihypertensives. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Periodontology, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Kyu-Won Shim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioinformatics, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Si Yeong Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yeuni Yu
- Biomedical research institute, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yuri Song
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyun Ah Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ju Youn Lee
- Department of Periodontology, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jae-Hyung Lee
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Chung
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea.,Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
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22
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Irwandi RA, Chiesa ST, Hajishengallis G, Papayannopoulos V, Deanfield JE, D’Aiuto F. The Roles of Neutrophils Linking Periodontitis and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915081. [PMID: 35874771 PMCID: PMC9300828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a crucial role in the onset and development of atherosclerosis. Periodontitis is a common chronic disease linked to other chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). The mechanistic pathways underlying this association are yet to be fully understood. This critical review aims at discuss the role of neutrophils in mediating the relationship between periodontitis and ASCVD. Systemic inflammation triggered by periodontitis could lead to adaptations in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) resulting in trained granulopoiesis in the bone marrow, thereby increasing the production of neutrophils and driving the hyper-responsiveness of these abundant innate-immune cells. These alterations may contribute to the onset, progression, and complications of atherosclerosis. Despite the emerging evidence suggesting that the treatment of periodontitis improves surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, the resolution of periodontitis may not necessarily reverse neutrophil hyper-responsiveness since the hyper-inflammatory re-programming of granulopoiesis can persist long after the inflammatory inducers are removed. Novel and targeted approaches to manipulate neutrophil numbers and functions are warranted within the context of the treatment of periodontitis and also to mitigate its potential impact on ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky A. Irwandi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Scott T. Chiesa
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity & Inflammation, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - John E. Deanfield
- UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco D’Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Francesco D’Aiuto,
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23
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Zheng Q, Chen Y, Zhai Y, Meng L, Liu H, Tian H, Feng R, Wang J, Zhang R, Sun K, Gao L, Wang Y, Wang X, Wu E, Teng J, Ding X. Gut Dysbiosis Is Associated With the Severity of Cryptogenic Stroke and Enhanced Systemic Inflammatory Response. Front Immunol 2022; 13:836820. [PMID: 35603160 PMCID: PMC9120915 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.836820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies implicate that gut dysbiosis is related with many neurological diseases. However, the potential role of gut dysbiosis in cryptogenic stroke (CS) has not been elucidated yet. In this study, a high prevalence of gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction and gut inflammation with increased intestinal permeability have been found in CS patients compared with normal controls (NCs). The systemic inflammation in CS patients was also identified by measuring the levels of plasma C-reactive protein (CRP), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS-binding protein (LBP), and white blood cells (WBC) count. Using 16S rRNA sequencing, we found increased alpha diversity, accompanied by a higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae at the family level and Escherichia–Shigella, Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Klebsilla at the genus level in the intestinal microbiota of CS patients compared to NCs. Our results showed that the abundance of Klebsilla was positively correlated with the systemic inflammation, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores, and the infarct volumes. In conclusion, gut dysbiosis in CS patients was associated with the severity of CS and the systemic inflammation. Maintaining the intestinal homeostasis may be a potential strategy for the treatment of CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongkang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanping Zhai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Renyi Feng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiuqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kedi Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lina Gao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erxi Wu
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, TX, United States.,College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.,LIVESTRONG Cancer Institutes and Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Junfang Teng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuebing Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Institute of Parkinson and Movement Disorder, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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24
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Pereira KKY, Jara CM, Antunes GL, Gomes MS, Rösing CK, Cavagni J, Haas AN. Effects of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammatory markers and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1411-1420. [PMID: 35289404 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about a synergistic effect of periodontitis and obesity on systemic biomarkers and a possible effect periodontal treatment may exert. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of periodontitis and periodontal treatment on systemic inflammation and metabolic profile in obese and non-obese rats. METHODS 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided in six groups differentiated by diet and periodontal status: no periodontitis (G1 and G4), untreated ligature-induced periodontitis (G2 and G5) and treated ligature-induced periodontitis (G3 and G6). Groups G4, G5 and G6 were exposed to cafeteria diet to induce obesity. Periodontitis was induced by silk ligatures over 4 weeks (G2, G3, G5, G6). Rats in G3 and G6 received scaling and root planning and were followed for additional 4 weeks. After sacrifice, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17a, tumor necrosis factor alfa (TNF-α), glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol (TC) were compared between groups. RESULTS CRP was significantly higher in obese rats with than without periodontitis (G5 = 10.15μg/L vs. G4 = 4.47μg/L, p = 0.01). No beneficial effects of periodontal treatment were observed for CRP levels, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-17a, TNF-α, glucose and triglycerides. Treated periodontitis (G6) exhibited significantly lower TC than the periodontitis group (G5) in obese rats. CONCLUSION Periodontitis increased serum CRP in obese rats, indicating a synergistic role of periodontitis in the systemic inflammatory burden triggered by obesity. The treatment of induced periodontitis reduced TC levels in obese rats. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Kimiko Yamashina Pereira
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Mireya Jara
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Assunción, Assunción, Paraguay
| | - Géssica Luana Antunes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maximiliano Schünke Gomes
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Medical and Dental Center of the Military Police of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Juliano Cavagni
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alex Nogueira Haas
- Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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25
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Transplantation of Mature Adipocyte-Derived Dedifferentiated Fat Cells Facilitates Periodontal Tissue Regeneration of Class II Furcation Defects in Miniature Pigs. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041311. [PMID: 35207844 PMCID: PMC8875781 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is composed mostly of adipocytes that are in contact with capillaries. By using a ceiling culture method based on buoyancy, lipid-free fibroblast-like cells, also known as dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells, can be separated from mature adipocytes with a large single lipid droplet. DFAT cells can re-establish their active proliferation ability and transdifferentiate into various cell types under appropriate culture conditions. Herein, we sought to compare the regenerative potential of collagen matrix alone (control) with autologous DFAT cell-loaded collagen matrix transplantation in adult miniature pigs (microminipigs; MMPs). We established and transplanted DFAT cells into inflammation-inducing periodontal class II furcation defects. At 12 weeks after cell transplantation, a marked attachment gain was observed based on the clinical parameters of probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL). Additionally, micro computed tomography (CT) revealed hard tissue formation in furcation defects of the second premolar. The cemento-enamel junction and alveolar bone crest distance was significantly shorter following transplantation. Moreover, newly formed cellular cementum, well-oriented periodontal ligament-like fibers, and alveolar bone formation were observed via histological analysis. No teratomas were found in the internal organs of recipient MMPs. Taken together, these findings suggest that DFAT cells can safely enhance periodontal tissue regeneration.
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26
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A Noninvasive Risk Stratification Tool Build Using an Artificial Intelligence Approach for Colorectal Polyps Based on Annual Checkup Data. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010169. [PMID: 35052332 PMCID: PMC8776068 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and early detection has proven to be an effective method for reducing mortality. The machine learning method can be implemented to build a noninvasive stratifying tool that helps identify patients with potential colorectal precancerous lesions (polyps). This study aimed to develop a noninvasive risk-stratified tool for colorectal polyps in asymptomatic, healthy participants. A total of 20,129 consecutive asymptomatic patients who underwent a health checkup between January 2005 and August 2007 were recruited. Positive relationships between noninvasive risk factors, such as age, Helicobacter pylori infection, hypertension, gallbladder polyps/stone, and BMI and colorectal polyps were observed (p < 0.0001), regardless of sex, whereas significant findings were noted in men with tooth disease (p = 0.0053). A risk stratification tool was developed, for colorectal polyps, that considers annual checkup results from noninvasive examinations. For the noninvasive stratified tool, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of obese females (males) aged <50 years was 91% (83%). In elderly patients (>50 years old), the AUCs of the stratifying tools were >85%. Our results indicate that the risk stratification tool can be built by using random forest and serve as an efficient noninvasive tool to identify patients requiring colonoscopy.
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27
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Naruishi K, Wada-Mihara C, Oishi K, Nagata T. Dental Students' Awareness After Clinical Training Between Dental Treatment and Systemic Health: A Questionnaire-Based Survey. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.740441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical training is an essential program for dental students to learn clinical skills. The aim of this study was to survey whether dental students who had undergone clinical training understood the clinical significance of dental treatment and its connection to systemic health. An awareness survey was conducted in dentistry students both before and after undergraduate clinical training. A total of 42 dental students were recruited before clinical training, and 32 dental students responded to the survey. In addition, all of the 42 dental students responded to the survey after clinical training. A total of 53 medical students were recruited as control subjects. Differences between the 2 groups were analyzed using Fisher's exact test. Before clinical training, a higher percentage of dental students felt the positive effects of periodontal treatment on systemic health. A higher percentage of dental students also recognized the positive effects of prosthetic treatment on geriatric conditions. After clinical training, no significant differences were found between periodontal and prosthetic treatment when surveyed about the positive effects of dental treatment on geriatric conditions. Undergraduate clinical training is essential for improving the students' understanding of the clinical significance of dental treatment. These surveys suggest that dental education supported by clinical experience contributes to understand the role of dental treatment.
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28
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Butler L, Walker KA. The Role of Chronic Infection in Alzheimer's Disease: Instigators, Co-conspirators, or Bystanders? CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 8:199-212. [PMID: 35186664 PMCID: PMC8849576 DOI: 10.1007/s40588-021-00168-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Herein, we provide a critical review of the clinical and translational research examining the relationship between viral and bacterial pathogens and Alzheimer's disease. In addition, we provide an overview of the biological pathways through which chronic infection may contribute to Alzheimer's disease. RECENT FINDINGS Dementia due to Alzheimer's disease is a leading cause of disability among older adults in developed countries, yet knowledge of the causative factors that promote Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis remains incomplete. Over the past several decades, numerous studies have demonstrated an association of chronic viral and bacterial infection with Alzheimer's disease. Implicated infectious agents include numerous herpesviruses (HSV-1, HHV-6, HHV-7) and various gastric, enteric, and oral bacterial species, as well as Chlamydia pneumonia and multiple spirochetes. SUMMARY Evidence supports the association between multiple pathogens and Alzheimer's disease risk. Whether these pathogens play a causal role in Alzheimer's pathophysiology remains an open question. We propose that the host immune response to active or latent infection in the periphery or in the brain triggers or accelerates the Alzheimer's disease processes, including the accumulation of amyloid-ß and pathogenic tau, and neuroinflammation. While recent research suggests that such theories are plausible, additional longitudinal studies linking microorganisms to Aß and phospho-tau development, neuroinflammation, and clinically defined Alzheimer's dementia are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Butler
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Keenan A Walker
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Baltimore, MD, United States
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29
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Martínez-García M, Hernández-Lemus E. Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview. Front Physiol 2021; 12:709438. [PMID: 34776994 PMCID: PMC8578868 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.709438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of infectious origins that often evolves into a chronic condition. Aside from its importance as a stomatologic ailment, chronic periodontitis has gained relevance since it has been shown that it can develop into a systemic condition characterized by unresolved hyper-inflammation, disruption of the innate and adaptive immune system, dysbiosis of the oral, gut and other location's microbiota and other system-wide alterations that may cause, coexist or aggravate other health issues associated to elevated morbi-mortality. The relationships between the infectious, immune, inflammatory, and systemic features of periodontitis and its many related diseases are far from being fully understood and are indeed still debated. However, to date, a large body of evidence on the different biological, clinical, and policy-enabling sources of information, is available. The aim of the present work is to summarize many of these sources of information and contextualize them under a systemic inflammation framework that may set the basis to an integral vision, useful for basic, clinical, and therapeutic goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireya Martínez-García
- Sociomedical Research Unit, National Institute of Cardiology "Ignacio Chávez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Hernández-Lemus
- Computational Genomics Division, National Institute of Genomic Medicine (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico.,Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mèxico, Mexico City, Mexico
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30
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Puzhankara L, Janakiram C. Common Risk Factor Approach to Limit Noncommunicable Diseases and Periodontal Disease-The Molecular and Cellular Basis: A Narrative Review. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2021; 11:490-502. [PMID: 34760792 PMCID: PMC8533044 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_109_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The link between periodontal disease and noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has been the subject of major research over the past several years. The primary objective of this review is to understand the cellular and molecular components that link common risk factors (exposure) in adult patients (population) with periodontal disease and other NCDs (outcome). The secondary objective is to interpret from existing literature the possibility of identifying the molecular plausibility of the Common Risk Factor Approach (CRFA). Materials and Methods A literature search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for all published articles pertaining to the molecular and cellular basis of the risk factors between periodontal diseases and major NCDs. Data from all randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials, cross-sectional studies, case-control, cohort studies, literature, and systematic reviews were included. Results Periodontal pathogens, stress, obesity, smoking, and dietary factors are some of the common risk factors between periodontal disease and NCDs. Conclusion Understanding the molecular and cellular link of common risk factors between NCDs and periodontal disease would ensure the application of CRFA. The CRFA implies that controlling the risk factors associated with NCDs can have an incredible positive impact on regulating many chronic conditions, which would extend to periodontal health also.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Puzhankara
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chandrashekar Janakiram
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
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31
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Guo Z, Gu C, Li S, Gan S, Li Y, Xiang S, Gong L, Wang S. Periodontal disease and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. Int Braz J Urol 2021; 47:1120-1130. [PMID: 33650836 PMCID: PMC8486441 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease is reportedly associated with the risk of various systemic diseases, including pancreatic and lung cancers. However, its association with prostate cancer remains inconclusive. Herein, we explored the association of periodontal disease with the risk of prostate cancer through a meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Sciences and Cochrane Library databases were searched for eligible publications up to April 2020. Multivariate adjusted risk estimates with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and calculated using random- or fixed-effect models. RESULTS Nine cohort studies involving 3.353 prostate cancer cases with 440.911 participants were identified and included in the meta-analysis. We found that periodontal disease significantly increased the risk of prostate cancer by 1.40-fold (hazard ratio [HR]=1.40, 95% CI: 1.16-1.70; P=0.001; I2=76.1%) compared with normal condition. Interestingly, the risk of developing prostate cancer was not significant in patients treated with periodontal therapy (HR=1.22, 95% CI: 0.86-1.73; P=0.272; I2=65.2%). The results of subgroup analyses were also consistent and significant when stratified by study design and follow-up period, whereas conflicting results were observed in periodontal disease ascertainment stratification. These findings were robust as indicated by sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal disease was associated with the increased risk of prostate cancer, whereas no significant association was observed in patients treated with periodontal therapy. Hence, the awareness and importance for maintaining oral health should be improved, and the underlying mechanisms linking periodontal disease and prostate cancer should be fully explored in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlang Guo
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chiming Gu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyi Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Gan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Songtao Xiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Leiliang Gong
- National University of SingaporeDepartment of mechanical engineeringKent RidgeSingaporeDepartment of mechanical engineering, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore
| | - Shusheng Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineDepartment of UrologyGuangzhouChinaDepartment of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Järvisalo MJ, Jokihaka V, Hakamäki M, Lankinen R, Helin H, Koivuviita NS, Hellman T, Metsärinne K. Dental health assessed using panoramic radiograph and adverse events in chronic kidney disease stage 4-5 patients transitioning to dialysis and transplantation-A prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258055. [PMID: 34591943 PMCID: PMC8483312 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Oral health could potentially be a modifiable risk factor for adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients transitioning from predialysis treatment to maintenance dialysis and transplantation. We aimed to study the association between an index of radiographically assessed oral health, Panoramic Tomographic Index (PTI), and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and episodes of bacteremia and laboratory measurements during a three-year prospective follow-up in CKD stage 4–5 patients not on maintenance dialysis at baseline. Methods Altogether 190 CKD stage 4–5 patients without maintenance dialysis attended panoramic dental radiographs in the beginning of the study. The patients were followed up for three years or until death. MACEs and episodes of bacteremia were recorded during follow-up. Laboratory sampling for C-reactive protein and leukocytes was repeated tri-monthly. Results PTI was not associated with baseline laboratory parameters or C-reactive protein or leukocytes examined as repeated measures through the 3-year follow-up. During follow-up, 22 patients had at least one episode of bacteremia, but only 2 of the bacteremias were considered to be of oral origin. PTI was not associated with incident bacteremia during follow-up. Thirty-six patients died during follow-up including 17 patients due to cardiovascular causes. During follow-up 42 patients were observed with a MACE. PTI was independently associated with all-cause (HR 1.074 95% CI 1.029–1.122, p = 0.001) and cardiovascular (HR 1.105, 95% CI 1.057–1.157, p<0.0001) mortality, as well as, incident MACEs (HR 1.071 95% CI 1.031–1.113, p = 0.0004) in the multivariable Cox models adjusted for age and kidney transplantation or CKD treatment modality during follow-up. Conclusions Radiographically assessed dental health is independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality and MACEs but not with the incidence of bacteremia in CKD stage 4–5 patients transitioning to maintenance dialysis and renal transplantation during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko J. Järvisalo
- Kidney Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Perioperative Services, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Viljami Jokihaka
- Department of Radiology, Dental Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Markus Hakamäki
- Kidney Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Roosa Lankinen
- Kidney Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Heidi Helin
- Department of Radiology, Dental Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Niina S. Koivuviita
- Kidney Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Tapio Hellman
- Kidney Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kaj Metsärinne
- Kidney Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Martin A, Zhou P, Singh BB, Kotsakis GA. Transcriptome-wide Gene Expression Analysis in Peri-implantitis Reveals Candidate Cellular Pathways. JDR Clin Trans Res 2021; 7:415-424. [PMID: 34583558 DOI: 10.1177/23800844211045297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Peri-implantitis is a condition resulting in destructive inflammation in the peri-implant soft tissue barrier. Clinically, it demonstrates vast clinical differences to periodontitis that suggest distinct inflammatory mechanisms. Implant-derived titanium particles (i-TiPs) frequently found around diseased implants appear to alter the microenvironment and confer resistance to antibiotic treatments. Studies in orthopedic implants have demonstrated potent inflammatory responses to i-TiPs involving a variety of cell types in aseptic conditions. Nonetheless, the genetic programs of cells surveilling and supporting the peri-implant soft tissue barrier in response to the combined challenges of biomaterial degradation products and oral bacteria are poorly defined. Thus, we studied gene expression specific to oral peri-implant inflammatory disease. METHODS Peri-implant tissues were collected from healthy or diseased implants (N = 10) according to the 2018 classification criteria. Following RNA extraction and purification, a gene-level view of the transcriptome was obtained via a next-generation transcriptome-wide microarray profiling workflow (Clariom S; Applied Biosystems) that covers >20,000 well-annotated genes. A discovery analysis assessed global differential expression of genes and identified pathways in peri-implant health versus disease. RESULTS Genes involved in the endosomal-lysosomal pathway, such as actin polymerization, were strongly upregulated in diseased tissues (P < .05), proposing increased intracellular activities in response to bacteria and i-TiPs. Cellular respiration pathways involved in oxidative stress were highly transcribed in all peri-implant samples, suggesting that implant-specific factors may trigger a constant state of oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this discovery study, expressive upregulation of genes in the endosomal-lysosomal and oxidative stress pathway suggests that inflammation related to receptor-driven responses to extracellular signals, such as i-TiPs and pathogens, may have a crucial role in peri-implantitis. Results warrant external replication in validation cohorts. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Our findings regarding physiologic processes affected by peri-implantitis could advance knowledge of the mechanisms and consequences of the disease. Understanding the cellular programs that partake in peri-implant inflammation has the potential to translate to novel treatment strategies for patients with peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martin
- Translational Periodontal Research Lab, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - P Zhou
- Translational Periodontal Research Lab, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - B B Singh
- Singh Lab, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - G A Kotsakis
- Translational Periodontal Research Lab, Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Madsen C. The role of oral health in gastrointestinal malignancies. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:S311-S315. [PMID: 34422395 DOI: 10.21037/jgo.2020.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have shown a connection between poor oral health and a number of systemic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated an association between poor oral health and the oral microbiota to carcinogenesis. This review article will focus on studies that link oral dysbiosis, periodontal disease, and specific oral microorganisms to gastrointestinal malignancies. These studies provide some insight and understanding of the role of the oral microbiome in carcinogenesis. Understanding how the oral microbiota is related to carcinogenesis and gastrointestinal malignancies could lead to identifying biomarkers and provides future treatment modalities. More research in this area would be beneficial to the diagnosis and treatment of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Madsen
- Department of Dentistry, Hackensack Meridian Health, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune City, NJ, USA
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Rotulo GA, Plat G, Beaupain B, Blanche S, Moushous D, Sicre de Fontbrune F, Leblanc T, Renard C, Barlogis V, Vigue MG, Freycon C, Piguet C, Pasquet M, Fieschi C, Abou-Chahla W, Gandemer V, Rialland F, Millot F, Marie-Cardine A, Paillard C, Levy P, Aladjidi N, Biosse-Duplan M, Bellanné-Chantelot C, Donadieu J. Recurrent bacterial infections, but not fungal infections, characterise patients with ELANE-related neutropenia: a French Severe Chronic Neutropenia Registry study. Br J Haematol 2021; 194:908-920. [PMID: 34340247 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Among 143 patients with elastase, neutrophil-expressed (ELANE)-related neutropenia enrolled in the French Severe Chronic Neutropenia Registry, 94 were classified as having severe chronic neutropenia (SCN) and 49 with cyclic neutropenia (CyN). Their infectious episodes were classified as severe, mild or oral, and analysed according to their natural occurrence without granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), on G-CSF, after myelodysplasia/acute leukaemia or after haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation. During the disease's natural history period (without G-CSF; 1913 person-years), 302, 957 and 754 severe, mild and oral infectious events, respectively, occurred. Among severe infections, cellulitis (48%) and pneumonia (38%) were the most common. Only 38% of episodes were microbiologically documented. The most frequent pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus (37·4%), Escherichia coli (20%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16%), while fungal infections accounted for 1%. Profound neutropenia (<200/mm3 ), high lymphocyte count (>3000/mm3 ) and neutropenia subtype were associated with high risk of infection. Only the p.Gly214Arg variant (5% of the patients) was associated with infections but not the overall genotype. The first year of life was associated with the highest infection risk throughout life. G-CSF therapy achieved lower ratios of serious or oral infectious event numbers per period but was less protective for patients requiring >10 µg/kg/day. Infections had permanent consequences in 33% of patients, most frequently edentulism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gioacchino A Rotulo
- Registre des Neutropénies Chroniques, Centre de Référence des Neutropénies Chroniques, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France.,Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Geneviève Plat
- Hématologie Oncologie et Immunologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - Blandine Beaupain
- Registre des Neutropénies Chroniques, Centre de Référence des Neutropénies Chroniques, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Blanche
- APHP, UIHR CEREDIH, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malade, Paris, France
| | - Despina Moushous
- APHP, UIHR CEREDIH, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malade, Paris, France
| | | | - Thierry Leblanc
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Immunology, Hôpital Robert-Debré, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Renard
- Service de Pédiatrie, Institut d'Hématologie et Oncologie Pédiatrique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Vincent Barlogis
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Timone Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Gabrielle Vigue
- Pediatrics, Infectiology, Rhumatology, Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Freycon
- Service d'Onco-Hématologie Pédiatrique, CHU de Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Piguet
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie Pédiatrie, CHU de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Marlène Pasquet
- Hématologie Oncologie et Immunologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Fieschi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Saint-Louis Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Wadih Abou-Chahla
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Jeanne-de-Flandre Hospital, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Virginie Gandemer
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie Pédiatrique, CHU de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Fanny Rialland
- Service d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, CHU de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Frédéric Millot
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie Pédiatrique, CHU de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Catherine Paillard
- Service d'Hématologie Oncologie Pédiatrique, CHU de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pacifique Levy
- Département de Génétique, DMU BioGeM, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Aladjidi
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie Pédiatrique, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | | | | | - Jean Donadieu
- Registre des Neutropénies Chroniques, Centre de Référence des Neutropénies Chroniques, Hôpital Trousseau, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
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Kao YW, Shia BC, Chiang HC, Chen M, Wu SY. Association of Tooth Scaling with Acute Myocardial Infarction and Analysis of the Corresponding Medical Expenditure: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147613. [PMID: 34300063 PMCID: PMC8305378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown a significant correlation between periodontal diseases and systemic diseases. In this study, we investigated the association between the frequency of tooth scaling and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Here, a group of 7164 participants who underwent tooth scaling was compared with another group of 7164 participants without tooth scaling through propensity score matching to assess AMI risk by Cox’s proportional hazard regression. The results show that the hazard ratio of AMI from the tooth scaling group was 0.543 (0.441, 0.670) and the average expenses of AMI in the follow up period was USD 265.76, while the average expenses of AMI in follow up period for control group was USD 292.47. The tooth scaling group was further divided into two subgroups, namely A and B, to check the influence of tooth scaling frequency on AMI risk. We observed that (1) the incidence rate of AMI in the group without any tooth scaling was 3.5%, which is significantly higher than the incidence of 1.9% in the group with tooth scaling; (2) the tooth scaling group had lower total medical expenditures than those of the other group because of the high medical expenditure associated with AMI; and (3) participants who underwent tooth scaling had a lower AMI risk than those who never underwent tooth scaling had. Therefore, the results of this study demonstrate the importance of preventive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wei Kao
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (Y.-W.K.); (B.-C.S.); (H.-C.C.)
- AI Development Centers, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Ben-Chang Shia
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (Y.-W.K.); (B.-C.S.); (H.-C.C.)
- AI Development Centers, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Chen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (Y.-W.K.); (B.-C.S.); (H.-C.C.)
| | - Mingchih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (Y.-W.K.); (B.-C.S.); (H.-C.C.)
- AI Development Centers, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (S.-Y.W.)
| | - Szu-Yuan Wu
- Graduate Institute of Business Administration, College of Management, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan; (Y.-W.K.); (B.-C.S.); (H.-C.C.)
- Department of Food Nutrition and Health Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Lo-Hsu Medical Foundation, Lotung Poh-Ai Hospital, Yilan 265, Taiwan
- Centers for Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.C.); (S.-Y.W.)
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Relationship between Macrovascular and Microvascular Hemodynamics Assessed by Spectrophotometry in Periodontal Diseases. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:9925198. [PMID: 34149840 PMCID: PMC8195665 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9925198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to identify a possible link between macrovascular hemodynamic status and microvascular hemodynamic indices in patients with periodontal disease. Methods and Materials Seventeen adult patients are recruited on a voluntary basis at the Dentistry Department of the "Mater Domini" University of Catanzaro, with sampling that determines the lipid profile, blood glucose, inflammatory mediators, blood plasma viscosity: anamnesis, blood pressure measurement, and detection of anthropometric parameters: eco-Doppler of the carotid arteries and brachial arteries with noninvasive measurements of hemodynamics and evaluation of inflammation and periodontal circulation with a noninvasive spectroscopic technique. The subjects underwent a dental inspection with periodontal proves. The different indices of periodontal disease were evaluated. Results The sites with high probing depth differ from the healthy ones, showing low oxygen saturation and a notable increase in tissue edema, but no correlation between macro- and microvascular values was found. Conclusion Periodontal probing and spectroscopic examination showed the correlation between low oxygen saturation levels and tissue edema values with probing depth; however, no correlation between macrovascular hemodynamic status and microvascular hemodynamics indices was found probably given the heterogeneity of the population under consideration, the low number of data gathered, and the small sample size.
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Periodontal Disease and Tooth Loss Are Associated with Lung Cancer Risk. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2020:5107696. [PMID: 32802852 PMCID: PMC7403933 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5107696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background The associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk remain debatable. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate whether periodontal disease and tooth loss are associated with lung cancer risk. Methods A literature search was performed for relevant studies using PubMed and Embase databases. Risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied as effect size to summarize the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and lung cancer risk. A further dose-response analysis was also performed. Results A total of twelve studies comprising 263,238 participants were included. The results indicated that periodontal disease was positively associated with lung cancer risk (RR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.16‐1.63). There was a positive association between tooth loss and lung cancer risk (RR = 1.69, 95%CI = 1.46‐1.96). Moreover, there was a significantly linear dose-response relationship between tooth loss and lung cancer risk, and every 5 increment in tooth loss was associated with 10% increased lung cancer risk. Similar results were obtained in subgroup analysis. Conclusions Periodontal disease and tooth loss are increased risk factors for lung cancer. Prevention and treatment of periodontal disease may be effective potential prevention strategies for lung cancer.
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Bawankar PV, Kolte AP, Kolte RA. Assessment of knowledge, awareness, and attitude among patients with cardiovascular disease about its association with chronic periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2021; 25:156-161. [PMID: 33888949 PMCID: PMC8041075 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_101_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A strong bilateral relationship between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic periodontitis has been established for decades. However, a knowledge gap regarding this association still persists among patients. The main objective of the present study was to assess the knowledge, awareness, and attitude among patients with CVD about its association with chronic periodontitis (CP). Materials and Methods This observational cross-sectional survey consisted of 500 patients with CVD. Along with information on demographic characteristics, data were collected on knowledge, awareness, and attitude of the interrelationships between periodontal disease and CVD, using a 5-point Likert scale, with 4 and 5 representing "agree" and "strongly agree," respectively. Results A significant number of the study population had no knowledge regarding the bilateral association CVD and CP. Other questions revealed limited awareness and ignorant attitude of the patients. Conclusion Within the limitations of the study, it can be concluded that there is a lack of awareness and an ignorant attitude about the bidirectional relationship between CVD and periodontitis among the CVD patients. Special efforts should be taken by dental as well as medical professionals to increase the awareness in this regard and thereby deliver quality health-care services at earlier stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjali Vijaykumar Bawankar
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abhay Pandurang Kolte
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajashri Abhay Kolte
- Department of Periodontics and Implantology, VSPM Dental College and Research Centre, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
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Shewale JB, Pickard RKL, Xiao W, Jiang B, Gillison ML. Independent association of marijuana use and poor oral hygiene with HPV-negative but not HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Cancer 2021; 127:2099-2110. [PMID: 33620741 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual behavior is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck cancer, whereas tobacco and alcohol use are associated with HPV-negative cancer. A case-control study was designed to investigate additional demographic and behavioral factors independently associated with these distinct oral cancers. METHODS From 2011 to 2014, 249 newly diagnosed oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases were matched (1:2) on age, gender, and self-identified race to 498 controls without a cancer history attending the outpatient otolaryngology clinic at The Ohio State University in Columbus. Cases were stratified by detection of high-risk HPV DNA and RNA in tumors. Demographic and behavioral data were collected using an audio computer-assisted self-interview, and associations with HPV-positive versus HPV-negative OSCCs were investigated by use of univariable and multivariable conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS After adjustment for oral sexual behavior, the odds of HPV-positive cancer decreased with the patient's years of education. Annual income, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, marijuana smoking, and poor oral hygiene were not associated with HPV-positive OSCC. In contrast, the odds of HPV-negative OSCC increased independently with decreased annual income, decreased with a high number of marijuana hit-years, and increased with fewer than annual dental visits after adjustment for lifetime tobacco and alcohol use. Sexual behavior and education were not associated with HPV-negative OSCC. CONCLUSIONS The distinct risk-factor profiles for HPV-positive and HPV-negative OSCC are confirmed and extended in this case-control study, thus supporting 2 principal etiological pathways for OSCC development. LAY SUMMARY Sexually acquired human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is an established cause of tonsil and base of tongue cancers. This study compared and contrasted risk factors for HPV-positive and HPV-negative oral cancers. Low number of years of education and sexual behavior are associated with HPV-positive cancer. In contrast, low annual income, infrequent dental visits, and tobacco and alcohol use are associated with HPV-negative cancers. Long-term marijuana use appears protective for HPV-negative cancer. Public health efforts to address these modifiable risk factors may prevent oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitesh B Shewale
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert K L Pickard
- Division of Medical Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Weihong Xiao
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Maura L Gillison
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Huang JW, Xie C, Niu Z, He LJ, Li JJ. The relation between Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G seropositivity and leukocyte telomere length in US adults from NHANES 1999-2000. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12760. [PMID: 33002310 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) immunoglobulin G (IgG) seropositivity is prevalent but its relation with leukocyte telomere length (LTL), a cellular aging biomarker, is unclear. METHODS Among 3,472 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle 1999-2000, LTL was measured with the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. H pylori IgG was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and defined as seropositivity with an immune status ratio score > 0.9. We used linear regression models to examine the relation of H pylori IgG seropositivity with continuous LTL and logistic regression for the relation with short LTL (<10th percentile of the population distribution) adjusting for potential confounders. We stratified the analyses by a priori selected variables. RESULTS Population prevalence of H pylori IgG seropositivity was 31.5% in the overall population with higher prevalence found in those with older age, other races than non-Hispanic whites, lower education, and being born out of the United States. Continuous LTL was non-significantly shorter in those with H Pylori IgG seropositivity versus seronegativity (mean difference = -40.3 bp, 95% CI: -112.4, 31.9). This difference was not significant after adjusting for potential confounders nor stratifying by potential effect modifiers. H Pylori IgG seropositivity was significantly associated with short LTL among the elderly (55-75 years, adjusted OR: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.17, 7.99), but not in the overall population (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 0.81-2.02). CONCLUSION H Pylori IgG seropositivity was not associated with continuous LTL in the general population but may be associated with an excessively short LTL in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital of Longhua District of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanbo Xie
- Cancer Prevention Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongzheng Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Long-Jun He
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Department of Endoscopy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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The prevalence of fimA genotypes of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with chronic periodontitis: A meta-analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240251. [PMID: 33112857 PMCID: PMC7592798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
FimA is an important virulence factor of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). According to its DNA sequence, the fimA genotype of P. gingivalis can be divided into six categories (I, Ib, Ⅱ, III, IV, V). The fimA gene may be a key factor in the diversity of virulence found in P. gingivalis. Moreover, the role fimA plays in the pathogenesis of P. gingivalis is closely associated with periodontitis, making it an important factor of study for disease prevention and treatment. In this study, the prevalence of fimA genotypes of P. gingivalis in patients with periodontal diseases was evaluated by meta-analysis. The Embase and PubMed databases were searched for articles from 1999 to 2019 using the following search terms: Porphyromonas gingivalis or P. gingivalis; periodontitis or chronic periodontal disease; fimA or fimA genotype. The reference lists of relevant published articles were searched manually. A total of 17 studies were included in this report. A statistical software package (Stata, version 11.0/mp, StataCorp) was utilized to calculate and analyze the P. gingivalis fimA genotypes for each combined incidence estimate. The pooled rates of fimA Ⅰ, fimA Ib, fimA Ⅱ, fimA Ⅲ, fimA Ⅳ and fimA Ⅴ genotypes of P. gingivalis were 8.4% (95% CI: 5.7-11.1), 11.7% (95% CI: 7.4-16), 42.9% (95% CI: 34.2-51.7), 6.5% (95% CI: 5.1-7.9), 17.8% (95% CI: 9.0-26.5), and 3.2% (95% CI: 1.6-4.9), respectively. This study showed that the fimA Ⅱ and fimA Ⅳ genotypes of P. gingivalis are highly present in patients with periodontal disease. Therefore, these two genotypes may be related to the pathogenesis and progress of periodontal disease, one of the main risk factors of periodontitis.
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Vallabhan CG, Sivarajan S, Shivkumar AD, Narayanan V, Vijayakumar S, Indhuja RS. Assessment of Salivary Flow Rate in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S308-S312. [PMID: 33149477 PMCID: PMC7595476 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_92_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic periodontitis (CP) is an infectious disease, primarily affecting the attachment apparatus of the dentition, and is categorized into mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis on the basis of its severity. It is a well-established and proven fact that an adequate level of saliva is essential for maintaining the integrity of oral tissues including the periodontium. Although various factors, such as stimulation, circadian rhythm, diet, age, and drugs, can affect the salivary flow rate, many recent studies have provided evidence that it can be altered by pathological inflammatory conditions such as periodontal diseases. Therefore, this study has been undertaken to assess the unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate in the different clinical stages of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 60 study participants, who were divided into four groups depending on clinical attachment level (CAL). In all, both unstimulated and stimulated saliva were collected, and the flow rate was expressed in milliliter per minute. Results: Statistical analysis was accomplished with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze differences in salivary flow rate among the groups. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. The amount of unstimulated saliva in healthy subjects, in mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis was 0.766, 0.400, 0.270, and 0.146 mL/min, respectively. Likewise, the amount of stimulated saliva in healthy subjects, in mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis was 1.017, 0.494, 0.347, and 0.236 mL/min, respectively. Conclusion: The study identified a significant decrease in both unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rate with the severity of progression of chronic periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra G Vallabhan
- Department of Periodontology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulashekaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sujith Sivarajan
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, PMS College of Dental Science and Research, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | | | - Vandana Narayanan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Sri Ramakrishna Dental College and Hospital, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Steffi Vijayakumar
- Department of Periodontology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulashekaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R S Indhuja
- Department of Periodontology, Sree Mookambika Institute of Dental Sciences, Kulashekaram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Myneni SR, Brocavich K, Wang H. Biological strategies for the prevention of periodontal disease: Probiotics and vaccines. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:161-175. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Rao Myneni
- Department of Periodontology Stony Brook School of Dental Medicine Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA
| | - Kristen Brocavich
- Department of Periodontology Stony Brook School of Dental Medicine Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA
| | - Howard Wang
- Department of Periodontology Stony Brook School of Dental Medicine Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA
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Bobetsis YA, Kotsikoris I, Liapis CD, Liasis N, Kakisis J, Kourlaba G, Lazari P, Antonopoulos CN, Deliargyris EN, Madianos PN. Association between periodontal disease and vulnerable plaque morphology in patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. IJC HEART & VASCULATURE 2020; 30:100601. [PMID: 32802936 PMCID: PMC7419330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcha.2020.100601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal disease is associated with echolucent plaques. Periodontal disease is associated with increased macrophages in plaques. Periodontal disease is associated with decreased smooth muscle cells in plaques. Periodontal disease is associated with plaque instability.
Background Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory oral condition with potentially important systemic sequelae. We sought to determine whether the presence of PD in patients with severe carotid disease was associated with morphological features consistent with carotid plaque instability. Methods A total of 52 dentate patients hospitalized for carotid endarterectomy (CEA) had standardized assessments of their periodontal status, including measurements of probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BoP). Carotid plaque morphology was assessed by ultrasound using the gray scale median (GSM) score and by immunohistochemistry using anti-CD68 and anti-alpha-actin antibodies, markers for macrophages and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) respectively. Results In total 30/52 patients (58%) had PD. Significant associations were noted between low GSM on ultrasound and each mm in PPD (p = 0.001), each mm in CAL (p = 0.002) and with a 10% increase in BoP (p = 0.009). Using the standardized PERIO definition the association remained robust (aOR = 10.4 [95% CI:2.3–46.3], p = .002). Significant associations were also observed with high macrophage accumulation and each individual PD measure (p < 0.01 for PPD, CAL and BoP) and with the PERIO definition (aOR = 15 [95% CI:1.8–127.8], p = .01). Similarly, low SMC density was also significantly associated with individual measures of PD (p < 0.05 for PPD, CAL and BoP), but not with the PERIO definition (aOR 3.4 [95% CI:0.9–12.8], p = .07). Conclusions The presence of PD was significantly associated with both ultrasound and immunohistochemistry features of carotid plaque instability in patients undergoing CEA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiorgos A Bobetsis
- Dept of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos D Liapis
- Dept of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.,Vascular & Endovascular Clinic, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Liasis
- Dept of Vascular Diagnosis, Euromedic Greece, Athens, Greece
| | - John Kakisis
- Dept of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kourlaba
- 1 and 2 Dept of Pediatrics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Lazari
- Dept of Pathology, Nikaia General Hospital, Piraeus, Greece.,Dept of Pathology, West Attica General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Phoebus N Madianos
- Dept of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
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Chen Y, Yang YC, Zhu BL, Wu CC, Lin RF, Zhang X. Association between periodontal disease, tooth loss and liver diseases risk. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1053-1063. [PMID: 32621350 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this study is to assess the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss and liver diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed and Embase databases were utilized to search eligible studies. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as effect size to assess the associations between periodontal disease, tooth loss and liver diseases risk. RESULTS Our results indicated positive associations between periodontal disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.06-1.33), liver cirrhosis (OR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.50-3.48) and elevated transaminase level risk (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02-1.15). Moreover, tooth loss could increase NAFLD (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.12- 1.56) and liver cancer risk (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.04-1.74), and every five increment in tooth loss was associated with 5% increased liver cancer risk (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.01 - 1.10) with a linear relationship. In addition, tooth loss had a positive tendency towards liver cirrhosis risk (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 0.85-4.85) although there was no statistical significance. CONCLUSION Periodontal disease and tooth loss are positively associated with liver diseases including NAFLD, elevated transaminase level, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Chen
- College of Stomatology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian City, China
| | - Yu-Chong Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bao-Ling Zhu
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, China
| | - Cong-Cong Wu
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, China
| | - Rui-Fang Lin
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou City, China
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Periodontal Diseases as Putative Risk Factors for Head and Neck Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071893. [PMID: 32674369 PMCID: PMC7409086 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Whether "periodontal disease" can be considered as an independent risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) remains controversial. The aim of the current meta-analysis was to quantitatively assess this relationship in order to determine whether this represents a true risk factor, with implications for cancer prevention and management. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases were systematically searched. Selective studies were reviewed, and meta-analysis was performed to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) on eligible studies using a random effects model. In total, 21 eligible observational studies (4 cohorts and 17 case-controls) were identified for qualitative synthesis after a review of 1051 articles. Significant heterogeneity could be identified in measures utilized for reporting of periodontal disease. Meta-analysis performed on nine studies that employed objective measures for reporting periodontal disease demonstrated a significant association between periodontal disease and HNC [OR 3.17, 95% CI, 1.78-5.64]. A diseased periodontium represents an independent risk marker, and a putative risk factor, for HNC. Prospective studies with standardized measures of periodontal disease severity and extent, integrated with microbiological and host susceptibility facets, are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of this positive association and whether treatment of the former influences the incidence and outcomes for HNC.
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Cecoro G, Annunziata M, Iuorio MT, Nastri L, Guida L. Periodontitis, Low-Grade Inflammation and Systemic Health: A Scoping Review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56060272. [PMID: 32486269 PMCID: PMC7353850 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56060272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory infectious disease in which an infection is necessary, but not sufficient, for development of the condition. Individual susceptibility strictly linked to the immune and inflammatory response of the organism must also be present. Low-grade inflammation (LGI) is a systemic status of chronic sub-clinical production of inflammatory factors. This condition represents a risk factor for many chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, neurodegenerative disease and cancer. This scoping review aims to clarify, summarize and disseminate current knowledge on the possible link between periodontitis, LGI and systemic health. Materials and Methods: PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines were followed. An ad-hoc created keyword string was used to search the electronic databases of PubMed/Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov. A hand search of specialized journals and their reference lists was also performed. Results: 14 studies that respected eligibility criteria were selected and analyzed. There is emerging evidence of strong links between periodontitis, LGI and systemic health. On the one hand, periodontitis influences the systemic status of LGI and on the other hand, the systemic production of inflammatory factors affects periodontitis with a bidirectional connection. Conclusions: LGI and the subsequent onset of a systemic inflammatory phenotype can be considered the common substrate of many chronic inflammatory diseases including periodontitis, with multiple mutual connections between them. Understanding of the biological principles and mechanisms underlying such a complex interrelationship could lead to significant improvements in the field of personalized diagnostics and therapeutic protocols.
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Ahmad B, Li Z, Hanif Q, Hu Q, Wei X, Zhang L, Khan SA, Aihemaiti M, Gulzar H, Shahid M, Si D, Zhang R. A Hybrid Peptide DEFB-TP5 Expressed in Methylotrophic Yeast Neutralizes LPS With Potent Anti-inflammatory Activities. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:461. [PMID: 32457599 PMCID: PMC7221121 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
DEFB-TP5 is a novel auspicious health-beneficial peptide derivative from two naturally occurring peptides, β-Defensin (DEFB) and thymopentin (TP5), and shows strong anti-inflammatory activity and binds to LPS without cytotoxicity and hemolytic effect. Furthermore, the application of DEFB-TP5 peptide is inadequate by its high cost. In the current study, we developed a biocompatible mechanism for expression of the DEFB-TP5 peptide in Pichia pastoris. The transgenic strain of hybrid DEFB-TP5 peptide with a molecular weight of 6.7kDa as predictable was obtained. The recombinant DEFB-TP5 peptide was purified by Ni-NTA chromatography, estimated 30.41 mg/L was obtained from the cell culture medium with 98.2% purity. Additionally, The purified DEFB-TP5 peptide significantly (p< 0.05) diminished the release of nitric oxide (NO), TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. This study will not only help to understand the molecular mechanism of expression that can potentially be used to develop an anti-endotoxin peptide but also to serve as the basis for the development of antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory agents as well, which also provides a potential source for the production of recombinant bioactive DEFB-TP5 at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baseer Ahmad
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Quratulain Hanif
- Computational Biology Laboratory, Agricultural Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biotechnology, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qingyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xubiao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shahzad Akbar Khan
- Guangzhou Institute of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Maierhaba Aihemaiti
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huma Gulzar
- College of Life Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Dayong Si
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Sciences, Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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50
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Ma C, Li Y, Shia B, Ma S. Human disease cost network analysis. Stat Med 2020; 39:1237-1249. [DOI: 10.1002/sim.8472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chenjin Ma
- School of StatisticsRenmin University of China Haidian China
- Department of BiostatisticsYale University New Haven Connecticut
| | - Yang Li
- School of StatisticsRenmin University of China Haidian China
- Center for Applied StatisticsRenmin University of China Haidian China
| | - BenChang Shia
- School of ManagementTaipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shuangge Ma
- School of StatisticsRenmin University of China Haidian China
- Department of BiostatisticsYale University New Haven Connecticut
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