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Figueroa JP, Cooper CJ, Duncan JJ, Anzinger JJ. Urgent need to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HTLV-1 in Jamaica. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2024; 35:100778. [PMID: 38799183 PMCID: PMC11127268 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2024.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Peter Figueroa
- Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
- Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Kingston 5, Jamaica
| | | | - Jacqueline J. Duncan
- Department of Community Health and Psychiatry, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
- Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Kingston 5, Jamaica
| | - Joshua J. Anzinger
- Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Ware AD, Davis K, Xian RR. Molecular Pathology of Mature Lymphoid Malignancies. Clin Lab Med 2024; 44:355-376. [PMID: 38821649 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Lymphoid malignancies are a broad and heterogeneous group of neoplasms. In the past decade, the genetic landscape of these tumors has been explored and cataloged in fine detail offering a glimpse into the mechanisms of lymphomagenesis and new opportunities to translate these findings into patient management. A myriad of studies have demonstrated both distinctive and overlapping molecular and chromosomal abnormalities that have influenced the diagnosis and classification of lymphoma, disease prognosis, and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha D Ware
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Katelynn Davis
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rena R Xian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27514, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1812 Ashland Avenue, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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3
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Tiger YKR, Jain S, Barta SK, Tolu S, Estrella B, Sawas A, Lue JK, Francescone MM, Pro B, Amengual JE. Phase II study of the novel antifolate agent pralatrexate in combination with the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin for the treatment of patients with mature T-cell lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:736-745. [PMID: 38517235 PMCID: PMC11162072 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2024.2329996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we conducted a Phase I study of the combination of pralatrexate and romidepsin in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) lymphomas and subsequently conducted a multicenter Phase II study in patients with untreated or R/R mature T cell lymphomas (MTCL). Patients received pralatrexate 25 mg/m2 and romidepsin 12 mg/m2 every 2 weeks. Fourteen patients were evaluable for efficacy. Overall response rate was 35.7% with CR in 14.3% and disease control in 50%. The mDOR was 8.2 months, mPFS was 3.6 months, and mOS was 20.2 months. Gastrointestinal side effects were most common in up to 33%; there was only one hematologic toxicity of grade 3 anemia. Combining results of MTCL patients from the Phase I and II studies (N = 28), the ORR was 53.5% with CR in 21.4%, disease control in67.8%, and DOR of 7.2 months. The combination was safe however does not out-perform other combination strategies.Trial Registration: www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01947140).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyoung Ryu Tiger
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Salvia Jain
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine,Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Associate Member, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stefan K. Barta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seda Tolu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian Estrella
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Sawas
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer K. Lue
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark M. Francescone
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Pro
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Amengual
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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4
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Bellon M, Nicot C. Increased H19/miR-675 Expression in Adult T-Cell Leukemia Is Associated with a Unique Notch Signature Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5130. [PMID: 38791169 PMCID: PMC11120950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Notch pathway is a key cancer driver and is important in tumor progression. Early research suggested that Notch activity was highly dependent on the expression of the intracellular cleaved domain of Notch-1 (NICD). However, recent insights into Notch signaling reveal the presence of Notch pathway signatures, which may vary depending on different cancer types and tumor microenvironments. Herein, we perform a comprehensive investigation of the Notch signaling pathway in adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) primary patient samples. Using gene arrays, we demonstrate that the Notch pathway is constitutively activated in ATL patient samples. Furthermore, the activation of Notch in ATL cells remains elevated irrespective of the presence of activating mutations in Notch itself or its repressor, FBXW7, and that ATL cells are dependent upon Notch-1 expression for proliferation and survival. We demonstrate that ATL cells exhibit the expression of pivotal Notch-related genes, including notch-1, hes1, c-myc, H19, and hes4, thereby defining a critical Notch signature associated with ATL disease. Finally, we demonstrate that lncRNA H19 is highly expressed in ATL patient samples and ATL cells and contributes to Notch signaling activation. Collectively, our results shed further light on the Notch pathway in ATL leukemia and reveal new therapeutic approaches to inhibit Notch activation in ATL cells.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell/pathology
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7/metabolism
- F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Adult
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Nicot
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
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5
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Acchioni C, Sandini S, Acchioni M, Sgarbanti M. Co-Infections and Superinfections between HIV-1 and Other Human Viruses at the Cellular Level. Pathogens 2024; 13:349. [PMID: 38787201 PMCID: PMC11124504 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13050349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Co-infection or superinfection of the host by two or more virus species is a common event, potentially leading to viral interference, viral synergy, or neutral interaction. The simultaneous presence of two or more viruses, even distantly related, within the same cell depends upon viral tropism, i.e., the entry of viruses via receptors present on the same cell type. Subsequently, productive infection depends on the ability of these viruses to replicate efficiently in the same cellular environment. HIV-1 initially targets CCR5-expressing tissue memory CD4+ T cells, and in the absence of early cART initiation, a co-receptor switch may occur, leading to the infection of naïve and memory CXCR4-expressing CD4+ T cells. HIV-1 infection of macrophages at the G1 stage of their cell cycle also occurs in vivo, broadening the possible occurrence of co-infections between HIV-1 and other viruses at the cellular level. Moreover, HIV-1-infected DCs can transfer the virus to CD4+ T cells via trans-infection. This review focuses on the description of reported co-infections within the same cell between HIV-1 and other human pathogenic, non-pathogenic, or low-pathogenic viruses, including HIV-2, HTLV, HSV, HHV-6/-7, GBV-C, Dengue, and Ebola viruses, also discussing the possible reciprocal interactions in terms of virus replication and virus pseudotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marco Sgarbanti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.A.); (S.S.); (M.A.)
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6
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Saab L, DiCapua D, Zubair AS. HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP): Case based discussion of risk factors, clinical, and therapeutic considerations. J Neurol Sci 2024; 459:122973. [PMID: 38520941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2024.122973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
HTLV-1 is a retrovirus virus that infects CD4+ T cells. Most people with HTLV-1 infection remain asymptomatic but some may develop conditions such as HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) or adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. HAM/TSP is characterized by progressive spasticity and weakness of the lower extremities, as well as loss of bladder control and sensory disturbances. The risk of developing HAM/TSP is associated with the duration of infection and the proviral load. There is currently no cure for the disease but medications can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. This is the case of a 66-year-old female who presented with nonspecific symptoms of weakness and spasticity in a hospital in Connecticut and was subsequently diagnosed with HAM/TSP. The patient's diagnosis highlights the importance of considering diseases previously confined to specific endemic regions in a globalized world where increased emigration and population mixing can occur. Early identification and management of such cases is essential for optimizing patient outcomes and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Saab
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, 20 York Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Daniel DiCapua
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, 20 York Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Adeel S Zubair
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, 20 York Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Pokhrel NK, Panfil A, Habib H, Seeniraj S, Joseph A, Rauch D, Cox L, Sprung R, Gilmore PE, Zhang Q, Townsend RR, Yu L, Yilmaz AS, Aurora R, Park W, Ratner L, Weilbaecher KN, Veis DJ. HTLV-1 infected T cells cause bone loss via small extracellular vesicles. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.29.582779. [PMID: 38496506 PMCID: PMC10942274 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.29.582779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Adult T cell leukemia (ATL), caused by infection with human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is often complicated by hypercalcemia and osteolytic lesions. Therefore, we studied the communication between patient-derived ATL cells (ATL-PDX) and HTLV-1 immortalized CD4+ T cell lines (HTLV/T) with osteoclasts and their effects on bone mass in mice. Intratibial inoculation of some HTLV/T lead to a profound local decrease in bone mass similar to marrow-replacing ATL-PDX, despite the fact that few HTLV/T cells persisted in the bone. To study the direct effect of HTLV/T and ATL-PDX on osteoclasts, supernatants were added to murine and human osteoclast precursors. ATL-PDX supernatants from hypercalcemic patients promoted formation of mature osteoclasts, while those from HTLV/T were variably stimulatory, but had largely consistent effects between human and murine cultures. Interestingly, this osteoclastic activity did not correlate with expression of osteoclastogenic cytokine RANKL, suggesting an alternative mechanism. HTLV/T and ATL-PDX produce small extracellular vesicles (sEV), known to facilitate HTLV-1 infection. We hypothesized that these sEV also mediate bone loss by targeting osteoclasts. We isolated sEV from both HTLV/T and ATL-PDX, and found they carried most of the activity found in supernatants. In contrast, sEV from uninfected activated T cells had little effect. Analysis of sEV (both active and inactive) by mass spectrometry and electron microscopy confirmed absence of RANKL and intact virus. Viral proteins Tax and Env were only present in sEV from the active, osteoclast-stimulatory group, along with increased representation of proteins involved in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. sEV injected over mouse calvaria in the presence of low dose RANKL caused more osteolysis than RANKL alone. Thus, HTLV-1 infection of T cells can cause release of sEV with strong osteolytic potential, providing a mechanism beyond RANKL production that modifies the bone microenvironment, even in the absence of overt leukemia.
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8
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Rampioni Vinciguerra GL, Capece M, Scafetta G, Rentsch S, Vecchione A, Lovat F, Croce CM. Role of Fra-2 in cancer. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:136-149. [PMID: 38104183 PMCID: PMC10850073 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Fos-related antigen-2 (Fra-2) is the most recently discovered member of the Fos family and, by dimerizing with Jun proteins, forms the activator protein 1 (AP-1) transcription factor. By inducing or repressing the transcription of several target genes, Fra-2 is critically involved in the modulation of cell response to a variety of extracellular stimuli, stressors and intracellular changes. In physiological conditions, Fra-2 has been found to be ubiquitously expressed in human cells, regulating differentiation and homeostasis of bone, muscle, nervous, lymphoid and other tissues. While other AP-1 members, like Jun and Fos, are well characterized, studies of Fra-2 functions in cancer are still at an early stage. Due to the lack of a trans-activating domain, which is present in other Fos proteins, it has been suggested that Fra-2 might inhibit cell transformation, eventually exerting an anti-tumor effect. In human malignancies, however, Fra-2 activity is enhanced (or induced) by dysregulation of microRNAs, oncogenes and extracellular signaling, suggesting a multifaceted role. Therefore, Fra-2 can promote or prevent transformation, proliferation, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, drug resistance and metastasis formation in a tumor- and context-dependent manner. Intriguingly, recent data reports that Fra-2 is also expressed in cancer associated cells, contributing to the intricate crosstalk between neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells, that leads to the evolution and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. In this review we summarize three decades of research on Fra-2, focusing on its oncogenic and anti-oncogenic effects in tumor progression and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Luca Rampioni Vinciguerra
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Marina Capece
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Giorgia Scafetta
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Sydney Rentsch
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Andrea Vecchione
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, 00189, Italy
| | - Francesca Lovat
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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9
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Ren J, Liao X, Lewis JM, Chang J, Qu R, Carlson KR, Foss F, Girardi M. Generation and optimization of off-the-shelf immunotherapeutics targeting TCR-Vβ2+ T cell malignancy. Nat Commun 2024; 15:519. [PMID: 38225288 PMCID: PMC10789731 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44786-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for T cell malignancies encounter issues of disease relapse and off-target toxicity. Using T cell receptor (TCR)Vβ2 as a model, here we demonstrate the rapid generation of an off-the-shelf allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T platform targeting the clone-specific TCR Vβ chain for malignant T cell killing while limiting normal cell destruction. Healthy donor T cells undergo CRISPR-induced TRAC, B2M and CIITA knockout to eliminate T cell-dependent graft-versus-host and host-versus-graft reactivity. Second generation 4-1BB/CD3zeta CAR containing high affinity humanized anti-Vβ scFv is expressed efficiently on donor T cells via both lentivirus and adeno-associated virus transduction with limited detectable pre-existing immunoreactivity. Our optimized CAR-T cells demonstrate specific and persistent killing of Vβ2+ Jurkat cells and Vβ2+ patient derived malignant T cells, in vitro and in vivo, without affecting normal T cells. In parallel, we generate humanized anti-Vβ2 antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by Fc-engineering for NK cell ADCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Xiaofeng Liao
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Julia M Lewis
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jungsoo Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Rihao Qu
- The Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kacie R Carlson
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Francine Foss
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Michael Girardi
- Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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10
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Huang W, Paul D, Calin GA, Bayraktar R. miR-142: A Master Regulator in Hematological Malignancies and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cells 2023; 13:84. [PMID: 38201290 PMCID: PMC10778542 DOI: 10.3390/cells13010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a type of non-coding RNA whose dysregulation is frequently associated with the onset and progression of human cancers. miR-142, an ultra-conserved miRNA with both active -3p and -5p mature strands and wide-ranging physiological targets, has been the subject of countless studies over the years. Due to its preferential expression in hematopoietic cells, miR-142 has been found to be associated with numerous types of lymphomas and leukemias. This review elucidates the multifaceted role of miR-142 in human physiology, its influence on hematopoiesis and hematopoietic cells, and its intriguing involvement in exosome-mediated miR-142 transport. Moreover, we offer a comprehensive exploration of the genetic and molecular landscape of the miR-142 genomic locus, highlighting its mutations and dysregulation within hematological malignancies. Finally, we discuss potential avenues for harnessing the therapeutic potential of miR-142 in the context of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Huang
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Doru Paul
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA;
| | - George A. Calin
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (W.H.); (G.A.C.)
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Leukemia, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Recep Bayraktar
- Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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11
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Altaf F, Qureshi ZA, Moore S, Golek TM, Chawala A. A Textbook Case of Human T-lymphotropic Virus-1 (HTLV-1)-Induced Adult T-cell Leukemia Treated With Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydaunorubicin, Oncovin, and Prednisone/Prednisolone (CHOP). Cureus 2023; 15:e49169. [PMID: 38024023 PMCID: PMC10660912 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human T-lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-I) is an enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus of the Retroviridae family. The virus causes two well-recognized disease associations: adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM), also known as tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). We report a case of HTLV-1-induced adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia in a 45-year-old female who presented with complaints of swelling on the right side of her neck and rash on her upper and lower extremities and abdomen. The patient also had a history of strongyloidiasis infection and Crohn's disease. She was found to have hypercalcemia and multiple lytic lesions of the bone found on the imaging. She also tested positive for HTLV-1 and T cell-positive for cluster of differentiation (CD) 2, CD3, partial CD5, and minimal CD56, later confirmed by the bone marrow (BM) and skin punch biopsies. ATL is characterized by the clonal proliferation of CD4+ T cells containing randomly integrated HTLV-I provirus, often associated with T-cell receptor gene rearrangements. ATL, in its aggressive forms, has one of the poorest prognoses of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. It is essential to raise awareness of ATL, although further research and trials are needed to solidify the treatment options to prevent mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faryal Altaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, USA
| | - Zaheer A Qureshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Frank H. Netter M.D. School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, Bridgeport, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Vincent's Medical Center, Bridgeport, USA
| | - Sarah Moore
- Department of Medicine, American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, SXM
| | - Tiffany-Marie Golek
- Department of Medicine, American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, SXM
| | - Arpan Chawala
- Department of Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, USA
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12
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Meyerowitz EA, Mukerji SS, Kyle Harrold G, Erdil RM, Chen ST, Rudmann EA, Tsibris A, Venna N, Robbins GK. Mogamulizumab for Treatment of Human T-lymphotropic Virus Type 1-Associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis: A Single-Center US-based Series. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:851-856. [PMID: 37157862 PMCID: PMC10681635 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a chronic neurological condition characterized by progressive myelopathic symptoms including spasticity, pain, weakness, and urinary symptoms, without proven treatments. Mogamulizumab (MOG) is a monoclonal antibody that binds CCR4 and leads to the clearance of HTLV-1-infected CCR4+ cells. A phase 1-2a study in Japan evaluated MOG for the treatment of HAM/TSP and reported decreases in HTLV-1 proviral load and neuroinflammatory markers, with clinical improvement in some participants. METHODS We administered MOG 0.1 mg/kg every 8 weeks to individuals with HAM/TSP as a compassionate and palliative treatment. Patients who received MOG had (1) a positive peripheral HTLV-1 antibody, (2) progressive myelopathic symptoms, and (3) a diagnosis of HAM/TSP. RESULTS Four female patients, ages 45-68, received MOG (range, 2-6 infusions) between 1 November 2019 and 30 November 2022. Two patients with <3 years of symptoms had milder disease, with Osame scores <4. The other 2, with >7 years of symptoms, had Osame scores >5. One patient, with 6 total treatments, received dose-reduced MOG after she developed a rash at the initial dose. The 2 patients with milder baseline disease reported symptomatic improvement and saw reductions in Osame and/or modified Ashworth scale scores during follow-up. The other 2 patients showed no improvement. All 4 developed rashes after receiving MOG-a treatment-limiting event in some cases. CONCLUSIONS Clinical trials are needed including diverse patient populations to assess the potential role of MOG for HAM/TSP. Our findings may help inform the development of these trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A Meyerowitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Shibani S Mukerji
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - G Kyle Harrold
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel M Erdil
- Division of Geographic Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven T Chen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily A Rudmann
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Athe Tsibris
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nagagopal Venna
- Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuro-Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gregory K Robbins
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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13
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Qasim A, Bhandari S, Peesapati VSR, Parikh HR, Baqui A. Adult T-Cell Lymphoma (ATL) With Erythroderma in Indolent Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-1) Infection. Cureus 2023; 15:e41264. [PMID: 37529824 PMCID: PMC10390346 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) is a hematological malignancy of CD4+ mature T-lymphocytes commonly associated with chronic human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-1) infection. Chronic HTLV-1 infection induces oncogenic mutations in CD4+ T-cells, leading to an acute malignant transformation of host cells. Atypically, ATL presents with dermatological and pulmonary symptoms consistent with a "smoldering" disease pattern. We present a case of a 78-year-old male patient with chronic generalized malaise, progressively worsening shortness of breath, and diffuse erythroderma, who was diagnosed with ATL secondary to chronic indolent HTLV-1 infection. We evaluate the multisystemic clinical signs associated with ATL, the comprehensive clinical investigations required to reach a conclusive diagnosis, and the options for long-term clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Qasim
- Internal Medicine, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, USA
| | | | | | - Harsh R Parikh
- Internal Medicine, St. George's University School of Medicine, St. George's, GRD
| | - Aam Baqui
- Pathology, BronxCare Health System, Bronx, USA
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14
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Anand U, Dey A, Chandel AKS, Sanyal R, Mishra A, Pandey DK, De Falco V, Upadhyay A, Kandimalla R, Chaudhary A, Dhanjal JK, Dewanjee S, Vallamkondu J, Pérez de la Lastra JM. Cancer chemotherapy and beyond: Current status, drug candidates, associated risks and progress in targeted therapeutics. Genes Dis 2023; 10:1367-1401. [PMID: 37397557 PMCID: PMC10310991 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 159.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is an abnormal state of cells where they undergo uncontrolled proliferation and produce aggressive malignancies that causes millions of deaths every year. With the new understanding of the molecular mechanism(s) of disease progression, our knowledge about the disease is snowballing, leading to the evolution of many new therapeutic regimes and their successive trials. In the past few decades, various combinations of therapies have been proposed and are presently employed in the treatment of diverse cancers. Targeted drug therapy, immunotherapy, and personalized medicines are now largely being employed, which were not common a few years back. The field of cancer discoveries and therapeutics are evolving fast as cancer type-specific biomarkers are progressively being identified and several types of cancers are nowadays undergoing systematic therapies, extending patients' disease-free survival thereafter. Although growing evidence shows that a systematic and targeted approach could be the future of cancer medicine, chemotherapy remains a largely opted therapeutic option despite its known side effects on the patient's physical and psychological health. Chemotherapeutic agents/pharmaceuticals served a great purpose over the past few decades and have remained the frontline choice for advanced-stage malignancies where surgery and/or radiation therapy cannot be prescribed due to specific reasons. The present report succinctly reviews the existing and contemporary advancements in chemotherapy and assesses the status of the enrolled drugs/pharmaceuticals; it also comprehensively discusses the emerging role of specific/targeted therapeutic strategies that are presently being employed to achieve better clinical success/survival rate in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, India
| | - Arvind K. Singh Chandel
- Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Rupa Sanyal
- Department of Botany, Bhairab Ganguly College (affiliated to West Bengal State University), Kolkata, West Bengal 700056, India
| | - Amarnath Mishra
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Amity Institute of Forensic Sciences, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida 201313, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Valentina De Falco
- Institute of Endocrinology and Experimental Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology (DMMBM), University of Naples Federico II, Naples 80131, Italy
| | - Arun Upadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindari, Kishangarh Ajmer, Rajasthan 305817, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana 506007, India
| | - Anupama Chaudhary
- Orinin-BioSystems, LE-52, Lotus Road 4, CHD City, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur Dhanjal
- Department of Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology Delhi (IIIT-D), Okhla Industrial Estate, Phase III, New Delhi 110020, India
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Jayalakshmi Vallamkondu
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology-Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - José M. Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA-CSIC, San Cristóbal de La Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain
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15
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Shafiee A, Seighali N, Taherzadeh-Ghahfarokhi N, Mardi S, Shojaeian S, Shadabi S, Hasani M, Haghi S, Mozhgani SH. Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa based regimens for the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL): a systematic review and meta-analysis. Virol J 2023; 20:118. [PMID: 37287047 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02077-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATLL (Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma) is an aggressive hematological malignancy. This T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is challenging to treat. There is no known treatment for ATLL as of yet. However, it is recommended to use Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa-based regimens (AZT/IFN), chemotherapy, and stem cell transplant. This study aims to review the outcome of patients with different subtypes of ATLL treated with Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa-based regimens. METHODS A systematic search was carried out for articles evaluating outcomes of ATLL treatment by AZT/IFN agents on human subjects from January 1, 2004, until July 1, 2022. Researchers assessed all studies regarding the topic, followed by extracting the data. A random-effects model was used in the meta-analyses. RESULTS We obtained fifteen articles on the AZT/IFN treatment of 1101 ATLL patients. The response rate of the AZT/IFN regimen yielded an OR of 67% [95% CI: 0.50; 0.80], a CR of 33% [95% CI: 0.24; 0.44], and a PR of 31% [95% CI: 0.24; 0.39] among individuals who received this regimen at any point during their treatment. Our subgroup analyses' findings demonstrated that patients who received front-line and combined AZT/IFN therapy responded better than those who received AZT/IFN alone. It is significant to note that patients with indolent subtypes of disease had considerably higher response rates than individuals with aggressive disease. CONCLUSION IFN/AZT combined with chemotherapy regimens is an effective treatment for ATLL patients, and its use in the early stages of the disease may result in a greater response rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Shafiee
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Niloofar Seighali
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Shayan Mardi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sorour Shojaeian
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical Genetics, Nutrition, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Shadabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hasani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sabahat Haghi
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical, Karaj, Iran.
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16
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Aguilar C, Beltran BE, Morales D, Gutiérrez-Garibay M, Villela L, Marques-Piubelli ML, Vega F, Miranda RN, Malpica L. Isolated cardiac valve involvement in smoldering adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 64:107513. [PMID: 36567046 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is an aggressive mature T-cell neoplasm caused by infection with the Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1). Cardiac involvement in patients with ATLL is infrequent, and when it happens it is usually seen in aggressive ATLL subtypes. However, ATLL presenting as isolated cardiac valve involvement is extremely rare. To date, only three histologically proven cases of ATLL with isolated cardiac valve involvement have been reported. Herein, we describe a 61-year-old Peruvian man who presented heart failure symptoms secondary to progressive cardiac valve infiltration. The patient underwent mitral valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis. Histopathological evaluation of the resected valve revealed leaflet thickening with a nodular appearance due to fibrous tissue containing atypical T-lymphocytes with Foxp3 expression, infiltrating all layers of the resected valve. Interestingly, tumor cells were distributed around an incidental venous malformation (i.e., cavernous hemangioma). Postoperative evaluation demonstrated positive serology for HTLV-1, and a diagnosis of ATLL was established. Postoperative positron emission tomography/computed tomography did not show lesions outside the heart and cell blood counts were within normal range with low level of circulating CD4+ CD25+ lymphoma cell counts (7%); therefore, patient's disease was considered as smoldering ATLL and a "watch and wait" strategy was pursued. Currently, the patient is alive with no progression of disease after 18 months from diagnosis. Isolated cardiac valve involvement by ATLL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of HTLV-1 carriers with progressive heart failure, even when systemic lymphoma involvement is absent or not apparent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Aguilar
- Laboratorio de Patología, Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular, Lima, Peru.
| | - Brady E Beltran
- Departamento de Oncología, Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, Lima, Peru; Centro de Medicina de Precision, Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Lima, Peru
| | - Domingo Morales
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Departamento de Patología, Hospital Nacional Hipolito Unanue, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Luis Villela
- Hospital General "Dr. Fernando Ocaranza" - Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Mario L Marques-Piubelli
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Francisco Vega
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Roberto N Miranda
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Luis Malpica
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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17
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Liu WT, Wang HT, Yeh YH, Wong TW. An Update on Recent Advances of Photodynamic Therapy for Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051328. [PMID: 37242570 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary cutaneous lymphomas are rare non-Hodgkin lymphomas consisting of heterogeneous disease entities. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) utilizing photosensitizers irradiated with a specific wavelength of light in the presence of oxygen exerts promising anti-tumor effects on non-melanoma skin cancer, yet its application in primary cutaneous lymphomas remains less recognized. Despite many in vitro data showing PDT could effectively kill lymphoma cells, clinical evidence of PDT against primary cutaneous lymphomas is limited. Recently, a phase 3 "FLASH" randomized clinical trial demonstrated the efficacy of topical hypericin PDT for early-stage cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. An update on recent advances of photodynamic therapy in primary cutaneous lymphomas is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Han-Tang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsuan Yeh
- School of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tak-Wah Wong
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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18
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Izutsu K, Makita S, Nosaka K, Yoshimitsu M, Utsunomiya A, Kusumoto S, Morishima S, Tsukasaki K, Kawamata T, Ono T, Rai S, Katsuya H, Ishikawa J, Yamada H, Kato K, Tachibana M, Kakurai Y, Adachi N, Tobinai K, Yonekura K, Ishitsuka K. An open-label, single-arm phase 2 trial of valemetostat for relapsed or refractory adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Blood 2023; 141:1159-1168. [PMID: 36150143 PMCID: PMC10651775 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is an aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with poor prognosis and few treatment options for patients with relapsed, recurrent, or refractory disease. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of valemetostat, a potent enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and EZH1 inhibitor, in treating relapsed or refractory (R/R) ATL. This multicenter phase 2 trial enrolled patients with R/R aggressive ATL (acute, lymphoma, unfavorable chronic type). Patients received valemetostat 200 mg/day orally until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR) centrally assessed by an independent efficacy assessment committee (IEAC). Secondary end points included best response in disease compartments, duration of response (DOR), pharmacokinetics, and safety. Twenty-five patients (median age, 69.0 years) with a median of 3 prior lines of therapy were enrolled; 24 had prior mogamulizumab treatment. The primary end point was met with a centrally reviewed ORR of 48.0% (90% confidence interval [CI], 30.5-65.9), including 5 complete and 7 partial remissions. Patients pretreated with mogamulizumab had an ORR of 45.8% (4 complete and 7 partial remissions). IEAC-assessed median DOR was not reached (NR) (95% CI, 1.87 to NR; months). Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were manageable. TEAEs that occurred in ≥20% of patients included thrombocytopenia, anemia, alopecia, dysgeusia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, leukopenia, decreased appetite, and pyrexia. Grade ≥3 TEAEs included thrombocytopenia, anemia, lymphopenia, leukopenia, and neutropenia. Valemetostat demonstrated promising efficacy and tolerability in heavily pretreated patients, warranting further investigation in treating R/R ATL. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04102150.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Izutsu
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Makita
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kisato Nosaka
- Department of Hematology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kusumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoko Morishima
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology, Second Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsukasaki
- Department of Hematology, International Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toyotaka Kawamata
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Research Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ono
- Department of Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Hamamatsu University Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinya Rai
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroo Katsuya
- Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Jun Ishikawa
- Department of Hematology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kensei Tobinai
- Department of Hematology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yonekura
- Department of Dermatology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishitsuka
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
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19
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Diakite M, Shaw-Saliba K, Lau CY. Malignancy and viral infections in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review. FRONTIERS IN VIROLOGY (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 3:1103737. [PMID: 37476029 PMCID: PMC10358275 DOI: 10.3389/fviro.2023.1103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
The burden of malignancy related to viral infection is increasing in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). In 2018, approximately 2 million new cancer cases worldwide were attributable to infection. Prevention or treatment of these infections could reduce cancer cases by 23% in less developed regions and about 7% in developed regions. Contemporaneous increases in longevity and changes in lifestyle have contributed to the cancer burden in SSA. African hospitals are reporting more cases of cancer related to infection (e.g., cervical cancer in women and stomach and liver cancer in men). SSA populations also have elevated underlying prevalence of viral infections compared to other regions. Of 10 infectious agents identified as carcinogenic by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, six are viruses: hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV, respectively), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV, also known as human herpesvirus type 8, HHV-8). Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV) also facilitates oncogenesis. EBV is associated with lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma; HBV and HCV are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma; KSHV causes Kaposi's sarcoma; HTLV-1 causes T-cell leukemia and lymphoma; HPV causes carcinoma of the oropharynx and anogenital squamous cell cancer. HIV-1, for which SSA has the greatest global burden, has been linked to increasing risk of malignancy through immunologic dysregulation and clonal hematopoiesis. Public health approaches to prevent infection, such as vaccination, safer injection techniques, screening of blood products, antimicrobial treatments and safer sexual practices could reduce the burden of cancer in Africa. In SSA, inequalities in access to cancer screening and treatment are exacerbated by the perception of cancer as taboo. National level cancer registries, new screening strategies for detection of viral infection and public health messaging should be prioritized in SSA's battle against malignancy. In this review, we discuss the impact of carcinogenic viruses in SSA with a focus on regional epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamadou Diakite
- University Clinical Research Center, University of Sciences, Techniques, and Technologies, Bamako, Mali
| | - Kathryn Shaw-Saliba
- Collaborative Clinical Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Chuen-Yen Lau
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, United States
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20
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Shayeghpour A, Forghani-Ramandi MM, Solouki S, Hosseini A, Hosseini P, Khodayar S, Hasani M, Aghajanian S, Siami Z, Zarei Ghobadi M, Mozhgani SH. Identification of novel miRNAs potentially involved in the pathogenesis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma using WGCNA followed by RT-qPCR test of hub genes. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:12. [PMID: 36841815 PMCID: PMC9968414 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-023-00492-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult T-cell Lymphoma/Leukemia (ATLL) is characterized by the malignant proliferation of T-cells in Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 and a high mortality rate. Considering the emerging roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in various malignancies, the analysis of high-throughput miRNA data employing computational algorithms helps to identify potential biomarkers. METHODS Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was utilized to analyze miRNA microarray data from ATLL and healthy uninfected samples. To identify miRNAs involved in the progression of ATLL, module preservation analysis was used. Subsequently, based on the target genes of the identified miRNAs, the STRING database was employed to construct protein-protein interaction networks (PPIN). Real-time quantitative PCR was also performed to validate the expression of identified hub genes in the PPIN network. RESULTS After constructing co-expression modules and then performing module preservation analysis, four out of 15 modules were determined as ATLL-specific modules. Next, the hub miRNA including hsa-miR-18a-3p, has-miR-187-5p, hsa-miR-196a-3p, and hsa-miR-346 were found as hub miRNAs. The protein-protein interaction networks were constructed for the target genes of each hub miRNA and hub genes were identified. Among them, UBB, RPS15A, and KMT2D were validated by Reverse-transcriptase PCR in ATLL patients. CONCLUSION The results of the network analysis of miRNAs and their target genes revealed the major players in the pathogenesis of ATLL. Further studies are required to confirm the role of these molecular factors and to discover their potential benefits as treatment targets and diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shayeghpour
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Setayesh Solouki
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Amin Hosseini
- Department of Computer, Faculty of Engineering, Raja University, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Parastoo Hosseini
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Research Center for Clinical Virology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Khodayar
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hasani
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Sepehr Aghajanian
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Zeinab Siami
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Sayed-Hamidreza Mozhgani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran. .,Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
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21
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Raza Y, Atallah J, Luberto C. Advancements on the Multifaceted Roles of Sphingolipids in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12745. [PMID: 36361536 PMCID: PMC9654982 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of sphingolipid metabolism plays a complex role in hematological malignancies, beginning with the first historical link between sphingolipids and apoptosis discovered in HL-60 leukemic cells. Numerous manuscripts have reviewed the field including the early discoveries that jumpstarted the studies. Many studies discussed here support a role for sphingolipids, such as ceramide, in combinatorial therapeutic regimens to enhance anti-leukemic effects and reduce resistance to standard therapies. Additionally, inhibitors of specific nodes of the sphingolipid pathway, such as sphingosine kinase inhibitors, significantly reduce leukemic cell survival in various types of leukemias. Acid ceramidase inhibitors have also shown promising results in acute myeloid leukemia. As the field moves rapidly, here we aim to expand the body of literature discussed in previously published reviews by focusing on advances reported in the latter part of the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasharah Raza
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jane Atallah
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Chiara Luberto
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University Hospital, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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22
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Clinical activity of single-dose systemic oncolytic VSV virotherapy in patients with relapsed refractory T-cell lymphoma. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3268-3279. [PMID: 35175355 PMCID: PMC9198941 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical success with intravenous (IV) oncolytic virotherapy (OV) has to-date been anecdotal. We conducted a phase 1 clinical trial of systemic OV and investigated the mechanisms of action in responding patients. A single IV dose of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) interferon-β (IFN-β) with sodium iodide symporter (NIS) was administered to patients with relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies to determine safety and efficacy across 4 dose levels (DLs). Correlative studies were undertaken to evaluate viremia, virus shedding, virus replication, and immune responses. Fifteen patients received VSV-IFNβ-NIS. Three patients were treated at DL1 through DL3 (0.05, 0.17, and 0.5 × 1011 TCID50), and 6 were treated at DL4 (1.7 × 1011 TCID50) with no dose-limiting toxicities. Three of 7 patients with T-cell lymphoma (TCL) had responses: a 3-month partial response (PR) at DL2, a 6-month PR, and a complete response (CR) ongoing at 20 months at DL4. Viremia peaked at the end of infusion, g was detected. Plasma IFN-β, a biomarker of VSV-IFNβ-NIS replication, peaked between 4 hours and 48 hours after infusion. The patient with CR had robust viral replication with increased plasma cell-free DNA, high peak IFN-β of 18 213 pg/mL, a strong anti-VSV neutralizing antibody response, and increased numbers of tumor reactive T-cells. VSV-IFNβ-NIS as a single agent was effective in patients with TCL, resulting in durable disease remissions in heavily pretreated patients. Correlative analyses suggest that responses may be due to a combination of direct oncolytic tumor destruction and immune-mediated tumor control. This trial is registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03017820.
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Akbarin MM, Rafatpanah H, Soleimanpour S, Amini AA, Arian A, Mosavat A, Rezaee SA. TAX and HBZ: hFc Ɣ 1 proteins as targets for passive immunotherapy. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:586-596. [PMID: 35911645 PMCID: PMC9282740 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.64787.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Human T leukemia virus type one (HTLV-1) causes two life-threatening diseases in around five percent of infected subjects, a T cell malignancy and a neurodegenerative disease. TAX and HBZ are the main virulence agents implicated in the manifestation of HTLV-1–associated diseases. Therefore, this study aims to produce these HTLV-1 factors as recombinant Fc fusion proteins to study the structures, their immunogenic properties as vaccines, and their capability to produce specific neutralization antibodies. Materials and Methods: TAX and HBZ sequences were chosen from the NCBI-nucleotide database, then designed as human Fc chimers and cloned into Pichia pastoris. Produced proteins were purified by HiTrap affinity chromatography and subcutaneously injected into rabbits. Rabbit Abs were purified by batch chromatography, and their neutralization activities for the HTLV-1-infected MT-2 cell line were assessed. Furthermore, the protective abilities of recombinant proteins were evaluated in Tax or HBZ immunized rabbits by MT-2 cell line inoculation and measurement of HTLV-1-proviral load. Results: Specific Abs against Tax and HBZ can eliminate 2 million MT-2 cells in 1/1000 dilution in vitro. In challenging assays, the immunization of the animals using Tax or HBZ had no protective activity as HTLV-1 PVL was still positive. Conclusion: The result suggests that recombinant TAX and HBZ: hFcγ1 proteins can produce a proper humoral immune response. Therefore, they could be considered a passive immunotherapy source for HTLV-1-associated diseases, while total TAX and HBZ proteins are unsuitable as HTLV-1 vaccine candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mehdi Akbarin
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Amini
- Cancer and Immunology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amirali Arian
- Animal Laboratory, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arman Mosavat
- Blood Borne Infections Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture, and Research (ACECR), Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Corresponding author: Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee. Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Azadi square, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad, Iran.
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Maksimova V, Panfil AR. Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Envelope Protein: Post-Entry Roles in Viral Pathogenesis. Viruses 2022; 14:v14010138. [PMID: 35062342 PMCID: PMC8778545 DOI: 10.3390/v14010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is an oncogenic retrovirus that is the causative infectious agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), an aggressive and fatal CD4+ T-cell malignancy, and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), a chronic neurological disease. Disease progression in infected individuals is the result of HTLV-1-driven clonal expansion of CD4+ T-cells and is generally associated with the activities of the viral oncoproteins Tax and Hbz. A closely related virus, HTLV-2, exhibits similar genomic features and the capacity to transform T-cells, but is non-pathogenic. In vitro, HTLV-1 primarily immortalizes or transforms CD4+ T-cells, while HTLV-2 displays a transformation tropism for CD8+ T-cells. This distinct tropism is recapitulated in infected people. Through comparative studies, the genetic determinant for this divergent tropism of HTLV-1/2 has been mapped to the viral envelope (Env). In this review, we explore the emerging roles for Env beyond initial viral entry and examine current perspectives on its contributions to HTLV-1-mediated disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Maksimova
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Center for Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Amanda R. Panfil
- Center for Retrovirus Research, Comprehensive Cancer Center and Solove Research Institute, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Correspondence:
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Kobe H, Saito K, Arita M, Ishida T. Cryobiopsy for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia secondary to adult T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia. Respirol Case Rep 2022; 10:e0893. [PMID: 34976400 PMCID: PMC8689570 DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A 79-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with a 1-week history of progressively worsening dyspnoea on exertion. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral consolidation. On laboratory findings, the line blot assay for human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1 was positive, the white blood cell count was 33,000/μl (atypical lymphocytes 8500/μl, 26% of the total white blood cell count) and β-d-glucan was increased to 391.1 pg/ml. In bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, there was a small number of atypical lymphocytes, and the polymerase chain reaction for Pneumocystis jirovecii was positive. Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and corticosteroid were administered, but the lung shadows remained. Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia (ATLL) cell infiltration was suspected, and transbronchial lung cryobiopsy was performed, which showed no infiltration of lymphoma cells into the lung. The lung shadow showed an improving trend on chest CT. She was diagnosed with chronic type ATLL and discharged without chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kobe
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOhara Healthcare Foundation, Kurashiki Central HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Kenki Saito
- Department of Hematology/OncologyOhara Healthcare Foundation, Kurashiki Central HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Machiko Arita
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOhara Healthcare Foundation, Kurashiki Central HospitalOkayamaJapan
| | - Tadashi Ishida
- Department of Respiratory MedicineOhara Healthcare Foundation, Kurashiki Central HospitalOkayamaJapan
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Yoshie O. CCR4 as a Therapeutic Target for Cancer Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215542. [PMID: 34771703 PMCID: PMC8583476 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary CCR4 is a chemokine receptor selectively expressed on normal T cell subsets such as type 2 helper T cells, skin-homing T cells and regulatory T cells, and on skin-associated T cell malignancies such as adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), which is etiologically associated with human T lymphocyte virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs). Mogamulizumab is a fully humanized and glyco-engineered monoclonal anti-CCR4 antibody used for the treatment of refractory/relapsed ATLL and CTCLs, often resulting in complete remission. The clinical applications of Mogamulizumab are now being extended to solid tumors, exploring the therapeutic effect of regulatory T cell depletion. This review overviews the expression of CCR4 in various T cell subsets, HTLV-1-infected T cells, ATLL and CTCLs, and the clinical applications of Mogamulizumab. Abstract CCR4 is a chemokine receptor mainly expressed by T cells. It is the receptor for two CC chemokine ligands, CCL17 and CCL22. Originally, the expression of CCR4 was described as highly selective for helper T type 2 (Th2) cells. Later, its expression was extended to other T cell subsets such as regulatory T (Treg) cells and Th17 cells. CCR4 has long been regarded as a potential therapeutic target for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Furthermore, the findings showing that CCR4 is strongly expressed by T cell malignancies such as adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCLs) have led to the development and clinical application of the fully humanized and glyco-engineered monoclonal anti-CCR4 Mogamulizumab in refractory/relapsed ATLL and CTCLs with remarkable successes. However, Mogamulizumab often induces severe adverse events in the skin possibly because of its efficient depletion of Treg cells. In particular, treatment with Mogamulizumab prior to allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), the only curative option of these T cell malignancies, often leads to severe glucocorticoid-refractory graft-versus-host diseases. The efficient depletion of Treg cells by Mogamulizumab has also led to its clinical trials in advanced solid tumors singly or in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The main focus of this review is CCR4; its expression on normal and malignant T cells and its significance as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Yoshie
- Health and Kampo Institute, Sendai 981-3205, Japan;
- Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Aoinosono-Sendai Izumi Long-Term Health Care Facility, Sendai 981-3126, Japan
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Dillon M, Lopez A, Lin E, Sales D, Perets R, Jain P. Progress on Ras/MAPK Signaling Research and Targeting in Blood and Solid Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13205059. [PMID: 34680208 PMCID: PMC8534156 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13205059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway is responsible for regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Overexpression and overactivation of members within the signaling cascade have been observed in many solid and blood cancers. Research often focuses on targeting the pathway to disrupt cancer initiation and progression. We aimed to provide an overview of the pathway’s physiologic role and regulation, interactions with other pathways involved in cancer development, and mutations that lead to malignancy. Several blood and solid cancers are analyzed to illustrate the impact of the pathway’s dysregulation, stemming from mutation or viral induction. Finally, we summarized different approaches to targeting the pathway and the associated novel treatments being researched or having recently achieved approval. Abstract The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, consisting of the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling cascade, regulates genes that control cellular development, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Within the cascade, multiple isoforms of Ras and Raf each display differences in functionality, efficiency, and, critically, oncogenic potential. According to the NCI, over 30% of all human cancers are driven by Ras genes. This dysfunctional signaling is implicated in a wide variety of leukemias and solid tumors, both with and without viral etiology. Due to the strong evidence of Ras-Raf involvement in tumorigenesis, many have attempted to target the cascade to treat these malignancies. Decades of unsuccessful experimentation had deemed Ras undruggable, but recently, the approval of Sotorasib as the first ever KRas inhibitor represents a monumental breakthrough. This advancement is not without novel challenges. As a G12C mutant-specific drug, it also represents the issue of drug target specificity within Ras pathway; not only do many drugs only affect single mutational profiles, with few pan-inhibitor exceptions, tumor genetic heterogeneity may give rise to drug-resistant profiles. Furthermore, significant challenges in targeting downstream Raf, especially the BRaf isoform, lie in the paradoxical activation of wild-type BRaf by BRaf mutant inhibitors. This literature review will delineate the mechanisms of Ras signaling in the MAPK pathway and its possible oncogenic mutations, illustrate how specific mutations affect the pathogenesis of specific cancers, and compare available and in-development treatments targeting the Ras pathway.
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One-Two Punch Therapy for the Treatment of T-Cell Malignancies Involving p53-Dependent Cellular Senescence. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5529518. [PMID: 34603598 PMCID: PMC8481056 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5529518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
T-cell malignancies are still difficult to treat due to a paucity of plans that target critical dependencies. Drug-induced cellular senescence provides a permanent cell cycle arrest during tumorigenesis and cancer development, particularly when combined with senolytics to promote apoptosis of senescent cells, which is an innovation for cancer therapy. Here, our research found that wogonin, a well-known natural flavonoid compound, not only had a potential to inhibit cell growth and proliferation but also induced cellular senescence in T-cell malignancies with nonlethal concentration. Transcription activity of senescence-suppression human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) and oncogenic C-MYC was suppressed in wogonin-induced senescent cells, resulting in the inhibition of telomerase activity. We also substantiated the occurrence of DNA damage during the wogonin-induced aging process. Results showed that wogonin increased the activity of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) and activated the DNA damage response pathway mediated by p53. In addition, we found the upregulated expression of BCL-2 in senescent T-cell malignancies because of the antiapoptotic properties of senescent cells. Following up this result, we identified a BCL-2 inhibitor Navitoclax (ABT-263), which was highly effective in decreasing cell viability and inducing apoptotic cell death in wogonin-induced senescent cells. Thus, the “one-two punch” approach increased the sensibility of T-cell malignancies with low expression of BCL-2 to Navitoclax. In conclusion, our research revealed that wogonin possesses potential antitumor effects based on senescence induction, offering a better insight into the development of novel therapeutic methods for T-cell malignancies.
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Ghaffari-Rafi A, Rho YS, Hall A, Villanueva N, Nogi M. HTLV-1 associated acute adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia presenting as acute liver failure in Micronesian: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26236. [PMID: 34260522 PMCID: PMC8284719 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Malignant infiltration accounts for 0.5% of acute liver failure cases, with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma the predominant cause. Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATLL) is a rarer source of acute hepatitis, with only 3 cases reported and all resulting in immediate deterioration with death. ATLL rises from human T-lymphocytic virus-1 (HTLV-1), commonly found in Japan (southern and northern islands), the Caribbean, Central and South America, intertropical Africa, Romania, and northern Iran. In Micronesia, HTLV-1 infection amongst native-born is absent or exceedingly rare. PATIENT CONCERNS A 77-year-old Marshallese man presented to the emergency department with a 1-week history of generalized weakness, fatigue, and nausea. The physical exam revealed a cervical papulonodular exanthem and scleral icterus. DIAGNOSIS Laboratory studies were remarkable for aspartate-aminotransferase of 230 IU/L (reference range [RR]: 0-40), alanine-aminotransferase of 227 IU/L (RR: 0-41), alkaline phosphatase of 133 IU/L (RR: 35-129), and total bilirubin of 4.7 mg/dL (RR: 0-1.2), supporting acute liver injury. Platelet count was 11.6x104/μL (RR: 15.1-42.4 × 104), hemoglobin was 13.8 g/dL (RR: 13.7-17.5), and white blood cell count was 7570/μL (RR: 3800-10,800) with 81.8% neutrophils (RR: 34.0-72.0) and 10.4% lymphocytes (RR: 12.0-44.0). The peripheral blood smear demonstrated abnormal lymphocytes with occasional flower cell morphology. HTLV-1/2 antibody tested positive. The skin and liver biopsies confirmed atypical T-cell infiltrate. The diagnosis of ATLL was established. INTERVENTIONS The patient elected for palliative chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (CVP). He began antiviral treatment with zidovudine 250 mg bis in die (BID) indefinitely. Ursodiol and cholestyramine were added for his hyperbilirubinemia. OUTCOMES Four weeks from admission, the patient returned to near baseline functional status and was discharged home. LESSONS This case highlights that ATLL can initially present as isolated acute hepatitis, and how careful examination of peripheral blood-smear may elucidate hepatitis etiology. We also present support for utilizing ursodiol with cholestyramine for treating a hyperbilirubinemia. Moreover, unlike prior reports of ATLL presenting as liver dysfunction, combined antiviral and CVP chemotherapy was effective in this case. Lastly, there are seldom demographic reports of HTLV-1 infection from the Micronesian area, and our case represents the first indexed case of HTLV-1-associated-ATLL presenting as acute liver failure in a Marshallese patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Ghaffari-Rafi
- University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Department of Neurological Surgery Sacramento, CA
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Young Soo Rho
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Andrew Hall
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Pathology Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Nicolas Villanueva
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Masayuki Nogi
- University of Hawai’i at Mānoa, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Medicine Honolulu, Hawaii
- The Queen's Medical Center Honolulu, Hawaii
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Chiu E, Samra B, Tam E, Baseri B, Lin B, Luhrs C, Gonsky J, Sawas A, Taiwo E, Sidhu G. Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Caribbean Patients With Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia at Two Affiliated New York City Hospitals. JCO Glob Oncol 2021; 6:548-556. [PMID: 32243210 PMCID: PMC7195818 DOI: 10.1200/jgo.19.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia (ATL) is a rare and aggressive peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 infection, which occurs in areas of high prevalence, predominantly in Japan and the Caribbean basin. Most ATL literature is derived from Japan and little is published about Caribbean patients. We describe the clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes of our Caribbean patients who have ATL at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center and Kings County Hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of our patients with ATL who were diagnosed between 2005 and 2017. Medical records were reviewed for clinicopathologic data and treatment outcomes. The final analysis included acute and lymphomatous subtypes only. For the univariable analysis, outcomes were calculated by using a log-rank test, and survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS We identified 63 patients with acute (55%) and lymphomatous (45%) subtypes, 95% of whom had Ann Arbor stage III to IV disease. The median age was 54 years, and the study population was predominantly female (65%). Most patients (82%) received first-line etoposide, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone (EPOCH) or cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy (10%) with an overall response rate of 46%. The median overall survival was 5.5 months, and the median progression-free survival was 4 months. Incidence of atypical immunophenotype (32%) was higher than previously reported in the Japanese literature and was associated with worse survival (P = .04). Abnormal cytogenetics correlated with shorter progression-free survival (P < .05). CONCLUSION We describe here the clinicopathologic characteristics and treatment outcomes of our Caribbean patients with aggressive ATL, which is largely chemotherapy resistant, and the challenges of treating a population with unmet medical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Chiu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Bachar Samra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Eric Tam
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Babak Baseri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Bo Lin
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Carol Luhrs
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Jason Gonsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York City Health and Hospitals/Kings County, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Ahmed Sawas
- Center for Lymphoid Malignancies, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Evelyn Taiwo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York City Health and Hospitals/Kings County, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Gurinder Sidhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
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Ware AD, Davis K, Xian RR. Molecular Pathology of Mature Lymphoid Malignancies. Surg Pathol Clin 2021; 14:529-547. [PMID: 34373101 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Lymphoid malignancies are a broad and heterogeneous group of neoplasms. In the past decade, the genetic landscape of these tumors has been explored and cataloged in fine detail offering a glimpse into the mechanisms of lymphomagenesis and new opportunities to translate these findings into patient management. A myriad of studies have demonstrated both distinctive and overlapping molecular and chromosomal abnormalities that have influenced the diagnosis and classification of lymphoma, disease prognosis, and treatment selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha D Ware
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katelynn Davis
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rena R Xian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1812 Ashland Avenue, Suite 200, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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32
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Hatano Y, Ideta T, Hirata A, Hatano K, Tomita H, Okada H, Shimizu M, Tanaka T, Hara A. Virus-Driven Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2625. [PMID: 34071792 PMCID: PMC8198641 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer arises from the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations. Even in the era of precision oncology, carcinogens contributing to neoplastic process are still an important focus of research. Comprehensive genomic analyses have revealed various combinations of base substitutions, referred to as the mutational signatures, in cancer. Each mutational signature is believed to arise from specific DNA damage and repair processes, including carcinogens. However, as a type of carcinogen, tumor viruses increase the cancer risk by alternative mechanisms, including insertional mutagenesis, viral oncogenes, and immunosuppression. In this review, we summarize virus-driven carcinogenesis to provide a framework for the control of malignant cell proliferation. We first provide a brief overview of oncogenic viruses and describe their implication in virus-related tumors. Next, we describe tumor viruses (HPV, Human papilloma virus; HBV, Hepatitis B virus; HCV, Hepatitis C virus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus; MCV, Merkel cell polyoma virus; HTLV-1, Human T-cell lymphotropic virus, type-1) and tumor virus-related cancers. Lastly, we introduce emerging tumor virus candidates, human cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) and adeno-associated virus-2 (AAV-2). We expect this review to be a hub in a complex network of data for virus-associated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Hatano
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (H.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Takayasu Ideta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.I.); (M.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Akihiro Hirata
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Kayoko Hatano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Hiroyuki Tomita
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (H.T.); (A.H.)
| | - Hideshi Okada
- Department of Emergency and Disaster Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan;
| | - Masahito Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (T.I.); (M.S.)
| | - Takuji Tanaka
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology (DDP) and Research Center of Diagnostic Pathology (RC-DiP), Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 500-8513, Japan;
| | - Akira Hara
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 501-1194, Japan; (H.T.); (A.H.)
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Nakahata S, Syahrul C, Nakatake A, Sakamoto K, Yoshihama M, Nishikata I, Ukai Y, Matsuura T, Kameda T, Shide K, Kubuki Y, Hidaka T, Kitanaka A, Ito A, Takemoto S, Nakano N, Saito M, Iwanaga M, Sagara Y, Mochida K, Amano M, Maeda K, Sueoka E, Okayama A, Utsunomiya A, Shimoda K, Watanabe T, Morishita K. Clinical significance of soluble CADM1 as a novel marker for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. Haematologica 2021; 106:532-542. [PMID: 32054656 PMCID: PMC7849584 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.234096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/leukemia (ATLL) is an aggressive peripheral T-cell malignancy, caused by infection with the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). We recently showed that the cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1), a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, is specifically and consistently overexpressed in ATLL cells, and functions as a novel cell surface marker. In this study, we first show that a soluble form of CADM1 (sCADM1) is secreted from ATLL cells by mainly alternative splicing. After developing the Alpha linked immunosorbent assay (AlphaLISA) for sCADM1, we show that plasma sCADM1 concentrations gradually increased during disease progression from indolent to aggressive ATLL. Although other known biomarkers of tumor burden such as soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα) also increased with sCADM1 during ATLL progression, multivariate statistical analysis of biomarkers revealed that only plasma sCADM1 was selected as a specific biomarker for aggressive ATLL, suggesting that plasma sCADM1 may be a potential risk factor for aggressive ATLL. In addition, plasma sCADM1 is a useful marker for monitoring response to chemotherapy as well as for predicting relapse of ATLL. Furthermore, the change in sCADM1 concentration between indolent and aggressive type ATLL was more prominent than the change in the percentage of CD4+CADM1+ ATLL cells. As plasma sCADM1 values fell within normal ranges in HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients with higher levels of serum sIL-2Rα, the measurement of sCADM1 may become a useful tool to discriminate between ATLL and other inflammatory diseases, including HAM/TSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Nakahata
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Chilmi Syahrul
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakatake
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kuniyo Sakamoto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Maki Yoshihama
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ichiro Nishikata
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | | | | | - Takuro Kameda
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kotaro Shide
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yoko Kubuki
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Tomonori Hidaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Akira Kitanaka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ito
- Department of Pathology, Kindai University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeki Takemoto
- National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Nakano
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | | | - Masako Iwanaga
- Dept of Frontier Life Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan
| | - Yasuko Sagara
- Japanese Red Cross Kyushu Block Blood Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kosuke Mochida
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Amano
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kouichi Maeda
- Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Miyakonojo Medical Center, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Eisaburo Sueoka
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Saga University Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Akihiko Okayama
- Dept. of Infectious Diseases and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shimoda
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Toshiki Watanabe
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan
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Chen Y, Huang X, Zhu K, Li C, Peng H, Chen L, Huang Z, Zhang Y, Weng G, Xiao T, Chen J, Xu Y. LIMD2 is a Prognostic and Predictive Marker in Patients With Esophageal Cancer Based on a ceRNA Network Analysis. Front Genet 2021; 12:774432. [PMID: 34868263 PMCID: PMC8636797 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.774432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, esophageal cancer (ECA) is the seventh most common cancer and sixth most common cause of cancer-associated mortality. However, there are no reliable prognostic and predictive molecular markers for ECA; in addition, the pathogenesis of ECA is not fully elucidated. The expressions of circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of ECA and control groups were obtained from the RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data of our hospital, the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets. Analyses of differentially expressed genes, the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA-competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, and functional/pathway enrichment were conducted. The key targets in the ceRNA network that showed significant results in survival Cox regression analyses were selected. Furthermore, analyses of immune infiltration and autophagy genes related to the key targets were performed. Seven circRNAs, 22 miRNAs, and 34 mRNAs were identified as vital genes in ECA; the nuclear factor-κ-gene binding (NF-κB) and phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K-Akt) signaling were identified as the most enriched pathways. In addition, the LIM domain containing 2 (LIMD2) was an independent predictor of prognosis in ECA patients and closely associated with immunity and autophagy. Moreover, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) revealed significant upregulation of LIMD2 expression in ECA tissues. ECA may be closely correlated with NF-κB and PI3K/Akt signaling. In addition, LIMD2 could be a potential prognostic and predictive marker of ECA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanmei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kunshou Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Changkun Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Peng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Integrative Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yangfan Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology, Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University Qishan Campus, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guibin Weng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tianya Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Junqiang Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanji Xu, ; Junqiang Chen,
| | - Yuanji Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuanji Xu, ; Junqiang Chen,
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35
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Choudhuri J, Geiser Roberts L, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Fang Y. A Rare CD4-CD8+ Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma with Unique Molecular Mutations: A Case Report with Literature Review. Case Rep Hematol 2020; 2020:8890502. [PMID: 33178468 PMCID: PMC7647743 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8890502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T-cell neoplasm caused by infection of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Most ATLL cases are CD4-positive and CD8-negative. Though rare, there are a few dual negative (CD4-CD8-), dual positive (CD4+CD8+), and CD4-CD8+ cases reported in literature. ATLL is associated with HTLV-1 infection, but HTLV-1 alone cannot cause the malignant transformation of infected T cells. Additional genetic and/or epigenetic events are required for the development of the disease. Here, we report an unusual CD4-CD8+ATLL in a 76-year-old male with a unique molecular genetic profile. Molecular studies revealed alterations in 10 genes. Three of them are predicted to be pathogenic by the computational models, including the frameshift change in ZFHX4 and missense mutations in RHOA and POT1. The specific mutations of POT1 (c.281A > G; p.Q94R), RHOA (c.47G > A; p.C16Y), and ZFHX4 (c.2871delC; p.F958Sfs ∗ 31) have never been previously reported in ATLL to the best of our knowledge. The clinical significance of other genetic alterations is unknown. Further research is warranted to correlate this patient's molecular findings with other ATLL cases. Correlation specifically with other cases of CD8+ ATLL could prove to be useful in understanding the pathogenesis of this rare variant of an already rare form of leukemia/lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui Choudhuri
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
| | - Leah Geiser Roberts
- Liberty University College of Osteopathic Medicine (LUCOM), Lynchburg, VA, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Jacobi Medical Center and NCB Hospital, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
| | - Yanhua Wang
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
| | - Yanan Fang
- Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Pelham PKWY South Bronx, New York City 10467, NY, USA
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36
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Li T, Timmins HC, Lazarus HM, Park SB. Peripheral neuropathy in hematologic malignancies – Past, present and future. Blood Rev 2020; 43:100653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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37
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Human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1 associated lymphoma presenting as an intramuscular mass of the calf. Skeletal Radiol 2020; 49:1167-1174. [PMID: 32076761 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-020-03392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a mature T cell neoplasm caused by the human oncogenic retrovirus human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). While several musculoskeletal manifestations have been described in ATLL, skeletal muscle involvement is unusual, with only four cases reported in the English-language literature. We present a rare case of ATLL manifesting as an intra-muscular calf mass in a 58-year-old man who immigrated to the USA from West Africa. While skeletal muscle involvement by lymphoma is uncommon, it remains important to consider within the differential diagnosis when there are suggestive imaging findings because it entails important technical biopsy considerations as well as treatment implications. This case report also raises awareness of ATLL presenting outside of typical HTLV-1 endemic areas, related to current population migration patterns. ATLL should therefore be considered in patients with appropriate risk factors.
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38
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Synthetic ( E)-3-Phenyl-5-(phenylamino)-2-styryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-ium Chloride Derivatives as Promising Chemotherapy Agents on Cell Lines Infected with HTLV-1. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25112537. [PMID: 32486038 PMCID: PMC7321218 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25112537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of four compounds belonging to mesoionic class, (E)-3-phenyl-5-(phenylamino)-2-styryl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3-ium chloride derivatives (5a–d) and their biological evaluation against MT2 and C92 cell lines infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1), which causes adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), and non-infected cell lines (Jurkat) are reported. The compounds were obtained by convergent synthesis under microwave irradiation and the cytotoxicity was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. Results showed IC50 values of all compounds in the range of 1.51–7.70 μM in HTLV-1-infected and non-infected cells. Furthermore, it was observed that 5b could induce necrosis after 24 h for Jurkat and MT2 cell lines. The experimental (fluorimetric method) and theoretical (molecular docking) results suggested that the mechanism of action for 5b could be related to its capacity to intercalate into DNA. Moreover, the preliminary pharmacokinetic profile of the studied compounds (5a–d) was obtained through human serum albumin (HSA) binding affinity using multiple spectroscopic techniques (circular dichroism, steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence), zeta potential and molecular docking calculations. The interaction HSA:5a–d is spontaneous and moderate (Ka ~ 104 M−1) via a ground-state association, without significantly perturbing both the secondary and surface structures of the albumin in the subdomain IIA (site I), indicating feasible biodistribution in the human bloodstream.
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39
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Kajihara Y. An elderly man with diarrhea and weight loss. Eur J Intern Med 2020; 72:92-93. [PMID: 31902565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yusaku Kajihara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Fuyoukai Murakami Hospital, Japan.
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40
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Johnson W, Mishra A, Binder A, Gru A, Porcu P. Mogamulizumab versus investigator choice in relapsed/refractory adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma: all four one or none for all? Haematologica 2019; 104:864-867. [PMID: 31040231 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.214536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- William Johnson
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Adam Binder
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alejandro Gru
- Division of Hematopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottsville, VA, USA
| | - Pierluigi Porcu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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41
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Fuji S, Kurosawa S, Inamoto Y, Murata T, Utsunomiya A, Uchimaru K, Yamasaki S, Inoue Y, Moriuchi Y, Choi I, Ogata M, Hidaka M, Yamaguchi T, Fukuda T. A decision analysis comparing unrelated bone marrow transplantation and cord blood transplantation in patients with aggressive adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. Int J Hematol 2019; 111:427-433. [PMID: 31701480 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-019-02777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with aggressive adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATL) have dismal outcomes with intensive chemotherapy. Early up-front allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is generally recommended. However, the choice of stem cell source, i.e., unrelated bone marrow transplant (UBMT) or cord blood transplantation (CBT), when an HLA-matched related donor is unavailable remains controversial. Thus, we undertook a decision analysis to compare the outcomes of two therapeutic strategies: chemotherapy followed by up-front UBMT at 6 months, and chemotherapy followed by up-front CBT at 3 months. Patients were stratified into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups according to the modified ATL-prognostic index. The model simulated life expectancy (LE) and quality-adjusted LE (QALE). LE following up-front UBMT was higher than that following up-front CBT in the low-risk group (2.63 vs. 2.28 years), but was comparable in the intermediate- (2.06 vs. 2.01 years) and high-risk groups (1.25 vs. 1.30 years). The Monte Carlo simulation for LE and QALE in each risk group showed that there was significant uncertainty in all categories. In conclusion, up-front UBMT was superior to up-front CBT in the low-risk group, but the strategies were comparable in the intermediate- and high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Fuji
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Hematology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-Ku, Osaka, 541-8567, Japan.
| | - Saiko Kurosawa
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Inamoto
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Atae Utsunomiya
- Department of Hematology, Imamura General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kaoru Uchimaru
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamasaki
- Department of Hematology and Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Inoue
- Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan
| | | | - Ilseung Choi
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masao Ogata
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hidaka
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Medical Center, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuhiro Yamaguchi
- Division of Biostatistics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fukuda
- Department of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Novel immunotherapies such as checkpoint inhibitors, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells are leading to promising responses when treating solid tumors and hematological malignancies. T cell neoplasms include leukemia and lymphomas that are derived from T cells and overall are characterized by poor clinical outcomes. This review describes the rational and preliminary results of immunotherapy for patients with T cell lymphoma and leukemia. RECENT FINDINGS For T cell neoplasms, despite significant research effort, only few agents, such as monoclonal antibodies and allogeneic stem cell transplantation, showed some clinical activity. One of the major hurdles to targeting T cell neoplasms is that activation or elimination of T cells, either normal or neoplastic, can cause significant toxicity. A need to develop novel safe and effective immunotherapies for T cell neoplasms exists. In this review, we will discuss the rationale for immunotherapy of T cell leukemia and lymphoma and present the most recent therapeutic approaches.
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43
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Shi Y, Su X, Cui H, Yu L, Du H, Han Y. Combination of quercetin and Adriamycin effectively suppresses the growth of refractory acute leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:153-160. [PMID: 31289484 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of combined treatment with quercetin and Adriamycin (doxorubicin) on the development of refractory acute leukemia. Primary leukemic cells were isolated from patients with refractory drug-resistant acute leukemia. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of cells treated with a range of doses of Adriamycin, quercetin and a combination of the two drugs. Non-irradiated mice were used to establish a T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) model, which was subsequently treated with Adriamycin, quercetin and a combination of the two drugs. The survival time was recorded, and white and red blood cells and platelets in mouse peripheral blood were counted. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of cardiac tissues were measured as indicators of oxidative stress and damage. Proliferation of primary leukemic cells was reduced by Adriamycin depending on the dose (0.06, 0.6 or 6 µg/ml) and treatment duration (24, 48 or 72 h) compared with the vehicle treated group. Co-treatment with quercetin achieved a similar suppression of leukemic cell proliferation when a lower dose of Adriamycin (0.03, 0.3 or 3 µg/ml) was administered for the same duration. The survival of non-irradiated mice with T-ALL was improved by co-treatment with a high dose of Adriamycin and quercetin compared with either treatment alone. Compared with treatment with Adriamycin alone, the combined treatment with Adriamycin and quercetin significantly enhanced the SOD activity and reduced the MDA content in the heart. Therefore, quercetin may enhance the effects of Adriamycin on refractory acute leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingxu Shi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotian Su
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Cui
- Department of Clinical Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010020, P.R. China
| | - Hua Du
- Department of Pathology, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010030, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
| | - Yanqiu Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region 010050, P.R. China
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44
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Chung EY, Mai Y, Shah UA, Wei Y, Ishida E, Kataoka K, Ren X, Pradhan K, Bartholdy B, Wei X, Zou Y, Zhang J, Ogawa S, Steidl U, Zang X, Verma A, Janakiram M, Ye BH. PAK Kinase Inhibition Has Therapeutic Activity in Novel Preclinical Models of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:3589-3601. [PMID: 30862694 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-3033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate therapeutic activity of PAK inhibition in ATLL and to characterize the role of PAK isoforms in cell proliferation, survival, and adhesion of ATLL cells in preclinical models. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Frequency and prognostic impact of PAK2 amplification were evaluated in an ATLL cohort of 370 cases. Novel long-term cultures and in vivo xenograft models were developed using primary ATLL cells from North American patients. Two PAK inhibitors were used to block PAK kinase activity pharmacologically. siRNA-based gene silencing approach was used to genetically knockdown (KD) PAK1 and PAK2 in ATLL cell lines. RESULTS PAK1/2/4 are the three most abundantly expressed PAK family members in ATLL. PAK2 amplifications are seen in 24% of ATLLs and are associated with worse prognosis in a large patient cohort. The pan-PAK inhibitor PF-3758309 (PF) has strong in vitro and in vivo activity in a variety of ATLL preclinical models. These activities of PF are likely attributed to its ability to target several PAK isoforms simultaneously because genetic silencing of either PAK1 or PAK2 produced more modest effects. PAK2 plays a major role in CADM1-mediated stromal interaction, which is an important step in systemic dissemination of the disease. This finding is consistent with the observation that PAK2 amplification is more frequent in aggressive ATLLs and correlates with inferior outcome. CONCLUSIONS PAK2, a gene frequently amplified in ATLL, facilitates CADM1-mediated stromal interaction and promotes survival of ATLL cells. Taken together, PAK inhibition may hold significant promise as a targeted therapy for aggressive ATLLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine Y Chung
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Yun Mai
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Urvi A Shah
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Yongqiang Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elise Ishida
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Keisuke Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiaoxin Ren
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kith Pradhan
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Boris Bartholdy
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xiaolei Wei
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.,Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiyu Zou
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - Jinghang Zhang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Seishi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ulrich Steidl
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xingxing Zang
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Amit Verma
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Murali Janakiram
- Department of Oncology, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
| | - B Hilda Ye
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
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45
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Mui UN, Haley CT, Vangipuram R, Tyring SK. Human oncoviruses: Mucocutaneous manifestations, pathogenesis, therapeutics, and prevention: Hepatitis viruses, human T-cell leukemia viruses, herpesviruses, and Epstein-Barr virus. J Am Acad Dermatol 2018; 81:23-41. [PMID: 30502415 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.10.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In 1964, the first human oncovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, was identified in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Since then, 6 other human oncoviruses have been identified: human papillomavirus, Merkel cell polyomavirus, hepatitis B and C viruses, human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1, and human herpesvirus-8. These viruses are causally linked to 12% of all cancers, many of which have mucocutaneous manifestations. In addition, oncoviruses are associated with multiple benign mucocutaneous diseases. Research regarding the pathogenic mechanisms of oncoviruses and virus-specific treatment and prevention is rapidly evolving. Preventative vaccines for human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus are already available. This review discusses the mucocutaneous manifestations, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of oncovirus-related diseases. The first article in this continuing medical education series focuses on diseases associated with human papillomavirus and Merkel cell polyomavirus, while the second article in the series focuses on diseases associated with hepatitis B and C viruses, human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1, human herpesvirus-8, and Epstein-Barr virus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ramya Vangipuram
- Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen K Tyring
- Center for Clinical Studies, Webster, Texas; Department of Dermatology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Futsch N, Mahieux R, Dutartre H. HTLV-1, the Other Pathogenic Yet Neglected Human Retrovirus: From Transmission to Therapeutic Treatment. Viruses 2017; 10:v10010001. [PMID: 29267225 PMCID: PMC5795414 DOI: 10.3390/v10010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Going back to their discovery in the early 1980s, both the Human T-cell Leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type-1 (HIV-1) greatly fascinated the virology scene, not only because they were the first human retroviruses discovered, but also because they were associated with fatal diseases in the human population. In almost four decades of scientific research, both viruses have had different fates, HTLV-1 being often upstaged by HIV-1. However, although being very close in terms of genome organization, cellular tropism, and viral replication, HIV-1 and HTLV-1 are not completely commutable in terms of treatment, especially because of the opposite fate of the cells they infect: death versus immortalization, respectively. Nowadays, the antiretroviral therapies developed to treat HIV-1 infected individuals and to limit HIV-1 spread among the human population have a poor or no effect on HTLV-1 infected individuals, and thus, do not prevent the development of HTLV-1-associated diseases, which still lack highly efficient treatments. The present review mainly focuses on the course of HTLV-1 infection, from the initial infection of the host to diseases development and associated treatments, but also investigates HIV-1/HTLV-1 co-infection events and their impact on diseases development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Futsch
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
- Equipe labellisée "Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", France.
| | - Renaud Mahieux
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
- Equipe labellisée "Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", France.
| | - Hélène Dutartre
- International Center for Research in Infectiology, Retroviral Oncogenesis Laboratory, INSERM U1111-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France.
- Equipe labellisée "Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer", France.
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Dunleavy K. Adult T-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia: Novel Biologic Insights and New Directions in Treatment. J Oncol Pract 2017; 13:493-494. [PMID: 28796967 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2017.024323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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48
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Ramos JC. Choices and Challenges in the Treatment of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma. J Oncol Pract 2017; 13:495-497. [PMID: 28796965 DOI: 10.1200/jop.2017.024331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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