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Eremici I, Borlea A, Dumitru C, Stoian D. Breast Cancer Risk Factors among Women with Solid Breast Lesions. Clin Pract 2024; 14:473-485. [PMID: 38525715 PMCID: PMC10961805 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most frequent malignancy in women worldwide and one of the most curable cancers if diagnosed at an early stage. Female patients presenting solid breast lesions are greatly predisposed to breast cancer development, and as such, effective screening of high-risk patients is valuable in early-stage breast cancer detection. OBJECTIVES The aim of our study was to identify the most relevant demographic, reproductive and lifestyle risk factors for breast cancer among women with solid breast lesions living in western Romania, namely the urban region consisting of Timisoara and the rural surrounding regions. METHODS From January 2017 to December 2021, 1161 patients with solid breast lesions, as detected by sonoelastography, were divided into two groups: patients with benign lesions (1019, 87.77%) and patients with malignant nodules (142, 12.23%). The malignancy group was confirmed by a histopathological result. Variables including age, BMI, menarche, menopause, years of exposure to estrogen, number of births, breastfeeding period, use of oral combined contraceptives, smoker status, family medical history and living area (rural-urban) were recorded. RESULTS It was evidenced by our study that the main risk factors for malignancy were elevated age (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.05-1.08), BMI (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.10), living area (rural) (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.13-2.85) and family medical history (negative) (OR 3.13, 95% CI 1.43-8.29). The other proposed risk factors were not found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Age and BMI were observed to be the most significant factors for breast cancer risk increase, followed by living in a rural area. A family history of breast cancer was shown to be inversely correlated with cancer risk increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Eremici
- PhD School, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Borlea
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Catalin Dumitru
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Dana Stoian
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Pandit P, Shirke C, Bhatia N, Godad A, Belemkar S, Patel J, Zine S. An Overview of Recent Findings that Shed Light on the Connection between Fat and Cancer. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:178-193. [PMID: 37489790 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230724141942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and cancer have been found to have a direct link in epidemiological studies. Obesity raises the risk of cancer and associated chronic disorders. Furthermore, an imbalance of adipokines, like leptins, plays a crucial role in neoplasm pathogenesis, cell migration, and thereby, cancer metastasis. Also, leptin increases human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein levels through the STAT3-mediated (signal transducer and activator of transcription) upregulation of heat shock protein (Hsp90) in breast cancer cells. It has been noticed that insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) act as mitosis activators in the host and cancerous breast epithelial cells. The condition of hyperinsulinemia explains the positive association between colorectal cancer and obesity. Furthermore, in prostate cancer, an alteration in sex hormone levels, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, has been reported to occur, along with increased oxidative stress, which is the actual cause of the tumors. Whereas, there have been two interconnected factors that play a crucial role in the psychological cycle concerned with lung cancer. The review article focuses on all the prospects of etiological mechanisms that have found linkage with obesity and breast, colon, lung, and prostate cancers. Furthermore, the article has also highlighted how these new insights into the processes occur and, due to which reasons, obesity contributes to tumorigenesis. This review provides a detailed discussion on the progression, which can assist in the development of new and innovative techniques to interfere in this process, and it has been supported with insights based on evidence literature on approved clinical treatments for obesity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Pandit
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Chaitanya Shirke
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NMIMS Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management - (SPPSPTM), Mumbai, India
| | - Nirav Bhatia
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Angel Godad
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sateesh Belemkar
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Jayshree Patel
- Department of Quality Assurance, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Sandip Zine
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V. M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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Chang CJ, O'Brien KM, Keil AP, Goldberg M, Taylor KW, Sandler DP, White AJ. Use of personal care product mixtures and incident hormone-sensitive cancers in the Sister Study: A U.S.-wide prospective cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108298. [PMID: 38043324 PMCID: PMC10841676 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal care products (PCPs), a source of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure, may be associated with the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers. Few studies have investigated associations for PCP use with the incidence of hormone-sensitive cancers or considered the joint effect of multiple correlated PCPs. We examined associations between frequently used, or "everyday", PCPs and incident cancers of the breast, ovary, and uterus with a fucus on the joint effect of multiple product exposure. METHODS Sister Study participants (n=49 899) self-reported frequency of use in the year before enrollment (2003-2009) for 41 PCPs. Using five-level frequency categories based on questionnaire options, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for the associations between multiple PCP use and incident breast, ovarian, and uterine cancer using quantile-based g-computation with Cox proportional hazards regression as the underlying model. Multiple PCP use was examined using groupings (beauty, hygiene, and skincare products) determined by both a priori knowledge and Spearman correlation coefficients for co-occurring product use. Associations between individual PCPs and the three cancers were also examined using Cox proportional hazards models coupling with Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for multiple comparisons. RESULTS Over an average of 11.6 years, 4 226 breast, 277 ovarian, and 403 uterine cancer cases were identified. Positive associations were observed between the hygiene mixture and ovarian cancer (HR=1.35, 95%CI=1.00, 1.83) and the beauty mixture with postmenopausal breast cancer (HR=1.08, 95%CI=1.01, 1.16). Additionally, we observed an inverse association between the skincare mixture and breast cancer (HR=0.91, 95%CI=0.83, 0.99). No significant associations were observed for individual products after corrected for multiple comparison. CONCLUSIONS Findings from this multi-product, joint-effect approach contribute to the growing body of evidence for associations between PCPs and breast cancer and provides novel information on ovarian and uterine cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Jung Chang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mandy Goldberg
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Kyla W Taylor
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Kendzerska T, Murray BJ, Gershon AS, Povitz M, McIsaac DI, Bryson GL, Talarico R, Hilton J, Malhotra A, Leung RS, Boulos MI. Polysomnographic Assessment of Sleep Disturbances in Cancer Development: A Historical Multicenter Clinical Cohort Study. Chest 2023; 164:517-530. [PMID: 36907376 PMCID: PMC10475821 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many cellular processes are controlled by sleep. Therefore, alterations in sleep might be expected to stress biological systems that could influence malignancy risk. RESEARCH QUESTION What is the association between polysomnographic measures of sleep disturbances and incident cancer, and what is the validity of cluster analysis in identifying polysomnography phenotypes? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study using linked clinical and provincial health administrative data on consecutive adults free of cancer at baseline with polysomnography data collected between 1994 and 2017 in four academic hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Cancer status was derived from registry records. Polysomnography phenotypes were identified by k-means cluster analysis. A combination of validation statistics and distinguishing polysomnographic features was used to select clusters. Cox cause-specific regressions were used to assess the relationship between identified clusters and incident cancer. RESULTS Among 29,907 individuals, 2,514 (8.4%) received a diagnosis of cancer over a median of 8.0 years (interquartile range, 4.2-13.5 years). Five clusters were identified: mild (mildly abnormal polysomnography findings), poor sleep, severe OSA or sleep fragmentation, severe desaturations, and periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS). The associations between cancer and all clusters compared with the mild cluster were significant while controlling for clinic and year of polysomnography. When additionally controlling for age and sex, the effect remained significant only for PLMS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.26; 95% CI, 1.06-1.50) and severe desaturations (aHR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.04-1.66). Further controlling for confounders, the effect remained significant for PLMS, but was attenuated for severe desaturations. INTERPRETATION In a large cohort, we confirmed the importance of polysomnographic phenotypes and highlighted the role that PLMS and oxygenation desaturation may play in cancer. Using this study's findings, we also developed an Excel (Microsoft) spreadsheet (polysomnography cluster classifier) that can be used to validate the identified clusters on new data or to identify which cluster a patient belongs to. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; Nos.: NCT03383354 and NCT03834792; URL: www. CLINICALTRIALS gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Kendzerska
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; ICES, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Brian J Murray
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea S Gershon
- ICES, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Division of Respirology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marcus Povitz
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel I McIsaac
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; ICES, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Gregory L Bryson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - John Hilton
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Richard S Leung
- Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; University of Toronto, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark I Boulos
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Hurvitz Brain Sciences Research Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Guo Z, Bergeron KF, Lingrand M, Mounier C. Unveiling the MUFA-Cancer Connection: Insights from Endogenous and Exogenous Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9921. [PMID: 37373069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) have been the subject of extensive research in the field of cancer due to their potential role in its prevention and treatment. MUFAs can be consumed through the diet or endogenously biosynthesized. Stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SCDs) are key enzymes involved in the endogenous synthesis of MUFAs, and their expression and activity have been found to be increased in various types of cancer. In addition, diets rich in MUFAs have been associated with cancer risk in epidemiological studies for certain types of carcinomas. This review provides an overview of the state-of-the-art literature on the associations between MUFA metabolism and cancer development and progression from human, animal, and cellular studies. We discuss the impact of MUFAs on cancer development, including their effects on cancer cell growth, migration, survival, and cell signaling pathways, to provide new insights on the role of MUFAs in cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Guo
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| | - Karl-Frédérik Bergeron
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
| | - Marine Lingrand
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Catherine Mounier
- Biological Sciences Department, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC H3P 3P8, Canada
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Breast MRI Tumor Automatic Segmentation and Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Discrimination Algorithm Based on Deep Learning. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2541358. [PMID: 36092784 PMCID: PMC9453096 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2541358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a kind of cancer that starts in the epithelial tissue of the breast. Breast cancer has been on the rise in recent years, with a younger generation developing the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in breast tumor detection and treatment planning in today's clinical practice. As manual segmentation grows more time-consuming and the observed topic becomes more diversified, automated segmentation becomes more appealing. Methodology. For MRI breast tumor segmentation, we propose a CNN-SVM network. The labels from the trained convolutional neural network are output using a support vector machine in this technique. During the testing phase, the convolutional neural network's labeled output, as well as the test grayscale picture, is passed to the SVM classifier for accurate segmentation. Results We tested on the collected breast tumor dataset and found that our proposed combined CNN-SVM network achieved 0.93, 0.95, and 0.92 on DSC coefficient, PPV, and sensitivity index, respectively. We also compare with the segmentation frameworks of other papers, and the comparison results prove that our CNN-SVM network performs better and can accurately segment breast tumors. Conclusion Our proposed CNN-SVM combined network achieves good segmentation results on the breast tumor dataset. The method can adapt to the differences in breast tumors and segment breast tumors accurately and efficiently. It is of great significance for identifying triple-negative breast cancer in the future.
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Body Mass Index Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Postmenopausal Interval Breast Cancer: Results from the Women’s Health Initiative. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133228. [PMID: 35804998 PMCID: PMC9264843 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Interval breast cancer refers to cancer diagnosed after a negative screening mammogram and before the next scheduled screening mammogram. Interval breast cancer has worse prognosis than screening-detected cancer. Body mass index (BMI) influences the accuracy of mammography and overall postmenopausal breast cancer risk, yet how is obesity associated with postmenopausal interval breast cancer incidence is unclear. The current study included cancer-free postmenopausal women aged 50–79 years at enrollment in the Women’s Health Initiative who were diagnosed with breast cancer during follow-up. Analyses include 324 interval breast cancer cases diagnosed within one year after the participant’s last negative screening mammogram and 1969 screening-detected breast cancer patients. Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) was measured at baseline. Associations between obesity and incidence of interval cancer were determined by sequential logistic regression analyses. In multivariable-adjusted models, obesity was inversely associated with interval breast cancer risk [OR (95% CI) = 0.65 (0.46, 0.92)]. The inverse association persisted after excluding women diagnosed within 2 years [OR (95% CI) = 0.60 (0.42, 0.87)] or 4 years [OR (95% CI) = 0.56 (0.37, 0.86)] of enrollment, suggesting consistency of the association regardless of screening practices prior to trial entry. These findings warrant confirmation in studies with body composition measures.
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Chen K, Zhang J, Beeraka NM, Tang C, Babayeva YV, Sinelnikov MY, Zhang X, Zhang J, Liu J, Reshetov IV, Sukocheva OA, Lu P, Fan R. Advances in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Driven Effects in Breast Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:820968. [PMID: 35814391 PMCID: PMC9258420 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.820968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and associated chronic inflammation were shown to facilitate breast cancer (BC) growth and metastasis. Leptin, adiponectin, estrogen, and several pro-inflammatory cytokines are involved in the development of obesity-driven BC through the activation of multiple oncogenic and pro-inflammatory pathways. The aim of this study was to assess the reported mechanisms of obesity-induced breast carcinogenesis and effectiveness of conventional and complementary BC therapies. We screened published original articles, reviews, and meta-analyses that addressed the involvement of obesity-related signaling mechanisms in BC development, BC treatment/prevention approaches, and posttreatment complications. PubMed, Medline, eMedicine, National Library of Medicine (NLM), and ReleMed databases were used to retrieve relevant studies using a set of keywords, including "obesity," "oncogenic signaling pathways," "inflammation," "surgery," "radiotherapy," "conventional therapies," and "diet." Multiple studies indicated that effective BC treatment requires the involvement of diet- and exercise-based approaches in obese postmenopausal women. Furthermore, active lifestyle and diet-related interventions improved the patients' overall quality of life and minimized adverse side effects after traditional BC treatment, including postsurgical lymphedema, post-chemo nausea, vomiting, and fatigue. Further investigation of beneficial effects of diet and physical activity may help improve obesity-linked cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chen
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Narasimha M. Beeraka
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
- Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR), Department of Biochemistry, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research (JSS AHER), JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India
| | - Chengyun Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia V. Babayeva
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Y. Sinelnikov
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Xinliang Zhang
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Jiacheng Zhang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Igor V. Reshetov
- Department of Human Anatomy, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga A. Sukocheva
- Discipline of Health Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Pengwei Lu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ruitai Fan
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Queiroz-Glauss CP, Vieira MS, Gonçalves-Pereira MH, Almeida SS, Freire RH, Gomes MA, Alvarez-Leite JI, Santiago HC. Helminth infection modulates number and function of adipose tissue Tregs in high fat diet-induced obesity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010105. [PMID: 35499991 PMCID: PMC9098094 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological and experimental studies have shown a protective effect of helminth infections in weight gain and against the development of metabolic dysfunctions in the host. However, the mechanisms Treg cells exert in the helminth-obesity interface has been poorly investigated. The present study aimed to verify the influence of Heligmosomoides polygyrus infection in early stages of high fat diet-induced obesity. Principal findings The presence of infection was able to prevent exacerbated weight gain in mice fed with high fat diet when compared to non-infected controls. In addition, infected animals displayed improved insulin sensitivity and decreased fat accumulation in the liver. Obesity-associated inflammation was reduced in the presence of infection, demonstrated by lower levels of leptin and resistin, lower infiltration of Th1 and Th17 cells in adipose tissue, higher expression of IL10 and adiponectin, increased infiltration of Th2 and eosinophils in adipose tissue of infected animals. Of note, the parasite infection was associated with increased Treg frequency in adipose tissue which showed higher expression of cell surface markers of function and activation, like LAP and CD134. The infection could also increase adipose Treg suppressor function in animals on high fat diet. Conclusion These data suggest that H. polygyrus modulates adipose tissue Treg cells with implication for weight gain and metabolic syndrome. Helminth infections are known to modulate the immune system being responsible for protecting the host from developing allergic and autoimmune disorders (Hygiene Hypothesis). We hypothesized that the same immunomodulatory effect could have an impact on immunometabolic diseases, such as obesity and its linked diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Weight disorders have reached epidemic levels, nearly tripling since 1975 and being responsible for almost 5 million premature deaths each year, but have been spared in areas of high helminth prevalence. To test our hypothesis C57BL/6 male mice were fed control or high fat diet, for five weeks, in the presence or not of infection with the worm Heligmosomoides polygyrus. Weight gain, development of metabolic disorders, inflammation and cellular migration to the adipose tissue were evaluated. In accordance with our hypothesis, we found that the presence of infection prevented the exacerbated weight gain and also improved metabolic parameters in animals fed a high fat diet. This was associated with the infection’s ability to modulate parameters of a cell responsible for regulatory functions: Tregs. In the light of these findings, helminth infection could be protective against weight gain and metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila P. Queiroz-Glauss
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mariana S. Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marcela Helena Gonçalves-Pereira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Stephanie S. Almeida
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rachel H. Freire
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria A. Gomes
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline I. Alvarez-Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Helton C. Santiago
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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10
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Kalan Farmanfarma K, Mahdavifar N, Kiasara SH, Hassanipour S, Salehiniya H. Determinants of mammography screening in Iranian women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Breast Dis 2022; 41:279-294. [PMID: 35634841 DOI: 10.3233/bd-210037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mammography is the most effective method for early detection of breast cancer (BC), however, it has performed in low-level. The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of mammography in Iran. METHODS This study was a systematic review which was performed based on articles published in both Persian and English languages among Iranian patients in the period of 2000 to 2020 by using keywords of "Iran and mammography". Papers were selected from national databases including (SID, Magiran) and international database including (Scopus, PubMed and web of science), finally related articles to mammography were reviewed. RESULTS Findings indicated that 35-50% of breast cancer can be detected in the early stages by mammography, however, it is in low rate of performance among Iranian women. Age, age of menarche, occupation, family history, marital status, family support, number of pregnancies, physician recommendations, perceived sensibility and severity, self-efficacy and perceived benefits are the most important predictors of performing mammography in Iran. CONCLUSION Due to the growing trend of breast cancer cases in the country and low mammography rates in Iranian population, high risk groups such as women with BC family history, low income level, low education level, older age and people with history of breast complications were more emphasized for performing mammography through health centers. Therefore, appropriate planning to reduce the barriers of mammography could be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Kalan Farmanfarma
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Health Promotion Research Centre, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Neda Mahdavifar
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | | | - Soheil Hassanipour
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamid Salehiniya
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Zuo Q, Band S, Kesavadas M, Madak Erdogan Z. Obesity and Postmenopausal Hormone Receptor-positive Breast Cancer: Epidemiology and Mechanisms. Endocrinology 2021; 162:6370080. [PMID: 34519778 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a potential risk for several cancers, including postmenopausal, hormone dependent breast cancers. In this review, we summarize recent studies on the impact of obesity on postmenopausal women's health and discuss several mechanisms that were proposed to increase the risk of breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianying Zuo
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Shoham Band
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mrinali Kesavadas
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zeynep Madak Erdogan
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
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12
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Polysomnographic Markers of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Severity and Cancer-Related Mortality: A Large Retrospective Multicenter Clinical Cohort Study. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2021; 19:807-818. [PMID: 34788198 PMCID: PMC9116343 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.202106-738oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE The evidence for an association between cancer survival and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains under-explored. OBJECTIVES To evaluate an association between markers of OSA severity (respiratory disturbances, hypoxemia, and sleep fragmentation) and cancer-related mortality in individuals with previously diagnosed cancer. METHODS We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study using linked clinical and provincial health administrative data on consecutive adults who underwent a diagnostic sleep study between 1994 and 2017 in four Canadian academic hospitals and were previously diagnosed with cancer through the Ontario Cancer Registry. Multivariable cause-specific Cox regressions were utilized to address the research objective. RESULTS We included 2,222 subjects. Over a median follow-up time of 5.6 years (IQR: 2.7-9.1), 261/2,222 (11.7%) individuals with prevalent cancer died from cancer-related causes, which accounted for 44.2% (261/590) of all-cause death. Controlling for age, sex, alcohol use disorder, prior heart failure, COPD, hypertension, diabetes, treatment for OSA, clinic site, year of the sleep study, and time since the cancer diagnosis, measures of hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation, but not apnea-hypopnea index were significantly associated with the cancer-specific mortality: % time spent with SaO2 <90% (HR per 5% increase: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01-1.09); mean SaO2 (HR per 3% increase: 0.79; 0.68-0.92); and % of Stage 1 Sleep (HR per 16% increase: 1.27; 1.07-1.51). CONCLUSION In a large clinical cohort of adults with suspected OSA and previously diagnosed cancer, measures of nocturnal hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation as markers of OSA severity were significantly associated with cancer-related mortality, suggesting the need for more targeted risk awareness.
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Özgöz A, Mutlu Içduygu F, Yükseltürk A, Samli H, Hekimler Öztürk K, Baskan Z, Tütüncü I. Postmenopausal estrogen receptor positive breast cancer and obesity associated gene variants. EXCLI JOURNAL 2021; 20:1133-1144. [PMID: 34345232 PMCID: PMC8326496 DOI: 10.17179/excli2020-2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is one of the most important health risks in postmenopausal women. Molecular pathways that are connected with obesity are believed to interact with the pathogenesis of breast cancer (BC). The aim of this research was to study the polymorphisms of two obesity-associated genes ADIPOQ and FTO that are also related to the pathogenesis of BC. Obesity-associated gene polymorphisms ADIPOQ rs1501299 and rs2241766, and FTO rs1477196, rs7206790, rs8047395, and rs9939609 were studied in 101 Turkish postmenopausal estrogen receptor-positive BC patients and 100 healthy control individuals. ADIPOQ rs1501299 was detected to be associated with protection against BC. The ADIPOQ rs1501299 TT genotype, the rs2241766 GT genotype and the G allele were found to be significantly higher in the control group. In addition, ADIPOQ rs1501299 polymorphism was protective in the recessive model and rs2241766 polymorphism was protective in the dominant model. While none of the FTO gene polymorphisms were found to be associated with BC, the frequencies of rs9939609 A allele and rs7206790 G allele were correlated with body mass index (BMI) in BC patients. ADIPOQ rs1501299 TT genotype, rs2241766 GT genotype, and G allele might be protective against BC in the Turkish population but this conclusion needs to be further verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuman Özgöz
- Kastamonu School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Fadime Mutlu Içduygu
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey
| | - Aysegül Yükseltürk
- Fazil Boyner Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Hale Samli
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Genetics, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Kuyas Hekimler Öztürk
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Baskan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Acibadem Bursa Hospital, 16110 Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Tütüncü
- Fazil Boyner Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
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Crudele L, Piccinin E, Moschetta A. Visceral Adiposity and Cancer: Role in Pathogenesis and Prognosis. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13062101. [PMID: 34205356 PMCID: PMC8234141 DOI: 10.3390/nu13062101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of being overweight and obese has been expanded dramatically in recent years worldwide. Obesity usually occurs when the energetic introit overtakes energy expenditure from metabolic and physical activity, leading to fat accumulation mainly in the visceral depots. Excessive fat accumulation represents a risk factor for many chronic diseases, including cancer. Adiposity, chronic low-grade inflammation, and hyperinsulinemia are essential factors of obesity that also play a crucial role in tumor onset. In recent years, several strategies have been pointed toward boundary fat accumulation, thus limiting the burden of cancer attributable to obesity. While remodeling fat via adipocytes browning seems a tempting prospect, lifestyle interventions still represent the main pathway to prevent cancer and enhance the efficacy of treatments. Specifically, the Mediterranean Diet stands out as one of the best dietary approaches to curtail visceral adiposity and, therefore, cancer risk. In this Review, the close relationship between obesity and cancer has been investigated, highlighting the biological mechanisms at the basis of this link. Finally, strategies to remodel fat, including browning and lifestyle interventions, have been taken into consideration as a major perspective to limit excess body weight and tumor onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucilla Crudele
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.C.); (E.P.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Piccinin
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.C.); (E.P.)
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Moschetta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (L.C.); (E.P.)
- INBB, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, 00136 Rome, Italy
- National Cancer Center, IRCCS Istituto Tumori Giovanni Paolo II, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-559-3262
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Kim JY, Kim G, Lim SC, Choi HS. IL-33-Induced Transcriptional Activation of LPIN1 Accelerates Breast Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092174. [PMID: 33946554 PMCID: PMC8124251 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are crucial materials that are not only required for cell membrane construction but also play significant roles as signaling molecules. LPIN1 is an enzyme that displays phosphatidate phosphatase activity in the triglyceride and phospholipid synthesis pathway. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of LPIN1 is involved in breast tumorigenesis, but the underlying mechanism regulating LPIN1 expression has not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we showed that the IL-33-induced COT-JNK1/2 signaling pathway regulates LPIN1 mRNA and protein expression by recruiting c-Jun to the LPIN1 promoter in breast cancer cells. IL-33 dose-dependently and time-dependently increased LPIN1 mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, IL-33 promoted colony formation and mammary tumorigenesis via induction of LPIN1 expression, while inhibition of LPIN1 disturbed IL-33-induced cell proliferation and mammary tumorigenesis. IL-33-driven LPIN1 expression was mediated by the COT-JNK1/2 signaling pathway, and inhibition of COT or JNK1/2 reduced LPIN1 expression. COT-JNK1/2-mediated IL-33 signaling activated c-Jun and promoted its binding to the promoter region of LPIN1 to induce LPIN1 expression. These findings demonstrated the regulatory mechanism of LPIN1 transcription by the IL-33-induced COT/JNK1/2 pathway for the first time, providing a potential mechanism underlying the upregulation of LPIN1 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Garam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Sung-Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea;
| | - Hong-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea; (J.-Y.K.); (G.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +82-62-222-5414
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16
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IL-33-Induced Transcriptional Activation of LPIN1 Accelerates Breast Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021. [PMID: 33946554 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092174.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are crucial materials that are not only required for cell membrane construction but also play significant roles as signaling molecules. LPIN1 is an enzyme that displays phosphatidate phosphatase activity in the triglyceride and phospholipid synthesis pathway. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of LPIN1 is involved in breast tumorigenesis, but the underlying mechanism regulating LPIN1 expression has not been elucidated yet. In the present study, we showed that the IL-33-induced COT-JNK1/2 signaling pathway regulates LPIN1 mRNA and protein expression by recruiting c-Jun to the LPIN1 promoter in breast cancer cells. IL-33 dose-dependently and time-dependently increased LPIN1 mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, IL-33 promoted colony formation and mammary tumorigenesis via induction of LPIN1 expression, while inhibition of LPIN1 disturbed IL-33-induced cell proliferation and mammary tumorigenesis. IL-33-driven LPIN1 expression was mediated by the COT-JNK1/2 signaling pathway, and inhibition of COT or JNK1/2 reduced LPIN1 expression. COT-JNK1/2-mediated IL-33 signaling activated c-Jun and promoted its binding to the promoter region of LPIN1 to induce LPIN1 expression. These findings demonstrated the regulatory mechanism of LPIN1 transcription by the IL-33-induced COT/JNK1/2 pathway for the first time, providing a potential mechanism underlying the upregulation of LPIN1 in cancer.
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17
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Lee Y, Kang E, Shin HC, Lee H, Yoon K, Kang B, Kim EK. The Effect of Body Mass Index on Initial Breast Cancer Stage Among Korean Women. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 21:e631-e637. [PMID: 34024752 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between obesity and breast cancer stage is not well-known in the Korean population. This study aimed to identify the effect of body mass index (BMI) on initial breast cancer stage. PATIENTS AND METHODS Among patients who underwent surgery for breast cancer (stages 0-III) from June 2003 to December 2018, we analyzed 4510 patients for whom there were BMI data. RESULTS The average BMI of our patients was 23.5 (14.2-44.9). In total, 4.6% and 24.2% of the patients had a BMI of ≥30 and 25-29.9, respectively. In the patients with obesity, the proportion of T2 to T4 was 41.4%, which was higher than that in patients with a BMI of 25 to 29 (28.4%; P = .001) or a BMI of <25 (23.3%; P < .001). There was no difference in positive rates of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor with BMI, but obese patients were less likely to be human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive. Patients with higher stages were more likely to have a higher BMI. The effect of BMI on stage was stronger in patients <50 years (odds ratio, 2.439; 95% CI, 1.783-3.335). Although there was no statistical significance, tumors >2 cm were less likely to be palpable in obese patients than in patients of normal weight (nonpalpable in 33.8% and 27.0%, respectively). CONCLUSION Our study suggests that obesity is associated with a more advanced breast cancer stage, which represents a poor prognosis, and large tumors tend to be less palpable in women with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongwoong Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.
| | - Hee-Chul Shin
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Haemin Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Kyunghwak Yoon
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byeongju Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
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18
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Discussion of Histopathological Findings of 954 Breast Reduction Specimens. MEDICAL BULLETIN OF SISLI ETFAL HOSPITAL 2021; 55:42-48. [PMID: 33935534 PMCID: PMC8085449 DOI: 10.14744/semb.2020.33349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Breast reduction is a frequently sought procedure by patients and one of the most commonly performed operations by plastic surgeons. Follow-up of histopathological results after reduction mammoplasty is very important. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological results of patients undergoing bilateral reduction mammoplasty to determine the incidence of breast lesions and risk factors of high-risk breast lesions. Methods 477 patients who underwent reduction mammoplasty in the plastic surgery department between October 2013 and January 2020 were included in this study. Patients were evaluated according to age, body mass index (BMI), comorbidity factors, tobacco use, family history and histopathological findings. Results The mean age of patients was 42.43±12.05 years. Body mass index ranged from 23 to 34.6. As for comorbidity factors, 12 patients had hypertension, five patients had asthma and six patients had diabetes mellitus. Seventeen patients (3.6%) were smokers, and 25 (5.2%) patients had a family history of breast cancer. Among the patients, 2.3% were 20 years and under, 17.1% were between 21 and 30 years old, 21.5% were between 31 and 40 years old, 33.1% were between 41 and 50 years old, 18.2% were between 51 and 60 years old, and 7.5% were 60 years and above. 85.4% of histopathological findings consisted of normal breast tissue and nonproliferative breast lesion breast lesions. The incidences of proliferative breast lesions, atypical hyperplasia and in situ lesions were calculated as 5.7%, 2% and 0.4%, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 3.8±1.6 years. Conclusion Although preoperative breast cancer screening methods are used before the reduction mammoplasty, high-risk lesions may be encountered afterwards. One of the biggest advantages of reduction mammoplasty in addition to psychophysiological recovery is breast cancer risk reduction.
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Kendzerska T, Povitz M, Leung RS, Boulos MI, McIsaac DI, Murray BJ, Bryson GL, Talarico R, Hilton JF, Malhotra A, Gershon AS. Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Incident Cancer: A Large Retrospective Multicenter Clinical Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 30:295-304. [PMID: 33268490 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the association between the severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal hypoxemia with incident cancer. METHODS This was a multicenter retrospective clinical cohort study using linked clinical and provincial health administrative data on consecutive adults who underwent a diagnostic sleep study between 1994 and 2017 in four academic hospitals (Canada) who were free of cancer at baseline. Cancer status was derived from the Ontario Cancer Registry. Cox cause-specific regressions were utilized to address the objective and to calculate the 10-year absolute risk difference (ARD) in the marginal probability of incident cancer and the number needed to harm (NNH). RESULTS Of 33,997 individuals considered, 33,711 with no missing OSA severity were included: median age, 50 years; 58% male; and 23% with severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index >30). Of the 18,458 individuals with information on sleep time spent with oxygen saturation (SaO2) <90%, 5% spent >30% of sleep with SaO2 <90% (severe nocturnal hypoxemia). Over a median of 7 years, 2,498 of 33,711 (7%) individuals developed cancer, with an incidence rate of 10.3 (10.0-10.8) per 1,000 person-years. Controlling for confounders, severe OSA was associated with a 15% increased hazard of developing cancer compared with no OSA (HR = 1.15, 1.02-1.30; ARD = 1.28%, 0.20-2.37; and NNH = 78). Severe hypoxemia was associated with about 30% increased hazard (HR = 1.32, 1.08-1.61; ARD = 2.38%, 0.47-4.31; and NNH = 42). CONCLUSIONS In a large cohort of individuals with suspected OSA free of cancer at baseline, the severity of OSA and nocturnal hypoxemia was independently associated with incident cancer. IMPACT These findings suggest the need for more targeted cancer risk awareness in individuals with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetyana Kendzerska
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
- ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcus Povitz
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard S Leung
- Department of Medicine, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark I Boulos
- Department of Medicine, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel I McIsaac
- ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian J Murray
- Department of Medicine, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory L Bryson
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Talarico
- ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John F Hilton
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Atul Malhotra
- Department of Medicine, the University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Andrea S Gershon
- ICES (formerly the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences), Ottawa, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Respirology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Keser I, Ozdemir K, Erturk B, Haspolat M, Duman Ozkan T, Cam Y, Sakizli Erdal E, Esmer M, Kupeli B, Suner Keklik S. Clinical Characteristics of and Services Provided for Patients with Lymphedema Referred to a Physiotherapy Program During the Years 2009 Through 2019. Lymphat Res Biol 2020; 19:372-377. [PMID: 33275859 DOI: 10.1089/lrb.2020.0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lymphedema is a chronic and progressive disease whose diagnosis involves determination of clinical and demographic characteristics. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with lymphedema and their various diagnoses. We studied patients who were referred for physiotherapy services at any point during the years 2009 through 2019. Methods: Retrospective data were collected from the files of 430 lymphedema patients. The type, cause, localization, stage, and severity of lymphedema and physiotherapy needs were analyzed and reported. Results: Primary and secondary lymphedema were observed in 18 (4.2%) and 412 (95.8%) patients, respectively. The patients' mean body mass index score was 30.66 kg/m2. The data indicated that the most common cause of secondary lymphedema was breast cancer and its treatments (n = 196, 47.6%). Other causes were chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) (n = 140, 34%), lipolymphedema (n = 11, 2.7%), and other types of cancers (n = 65, 15.7%). According to the affected body regions, 416 patients had unilateral/bilateral upper and lower extremity lymphedema and 14 had head and neck lymphedema. The patients were followed with a home-based physiotherapy program (n = 353, 82.1%) or they underwent treatments through an outpatient program (n = 77, 17.9%). Conclusions: Most patients admitted to the clinic had a diagnosis of breast cancer and CVI. The severity and stages of lymphedema were variable. The data indicated that most patients were followed through a home-based physiotherapy program. These results may set a frame for understanding the treatment and care needs of patients with lymphedema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilke Keser
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kadirhan Ozdemir
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Bakircay University, Menemen, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burak Erturk
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Miray Haspolat
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tugce Duman Ozkan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, Maltepe, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yagmur Cam
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Elif Sakizli Erdal
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Esmer
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Buse Kupeli
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Cankaya, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinem Suner Keklik
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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21
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Kang JH, Peng C, Rhee JJ, Farvid MS, Willett WC, Hu FB, Rosner BA, Tamimi R, Eliassen AH. Prospective study of a diabetes risk reduction diet and the risk of breast cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2020; 112:1492-1503. [PMID: 33022701 PMCID: PMC7727476 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia and higher insulin-like growth factors may increase breast cancer risk. We evaluated a diabetes risk reduction diet (DRRD) and breast cancer risk. OBJECTIVES We prospectively evaluated the association between adherence to a DRRD and the incidence of breast cancer. METHODS We followed 88,739 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1980-2016) and 93,915 women from the NHSII (1991-2017). Incident breast cancer cases (n = 11,943) were confirmed with medical records, and subtypes were determined by tissue microarray data and pathology reports. Information on diet and breast cancer risk factors was repeatedly ascertained in follow-up questionnaires. A DRRD score was derived with 9 factors: lower glycemic index of diet; lower intakes of trans fat, sugar-sweetened beverages/fruit juices, and red/processed meat; higher intakes of cereal fiber, coffee, nuts, and whole fruits; and a higher ratio of polyunsaturated to saturated fat (score range: 9-45). Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (MVHRs) and 95% CIs were calculated with Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Being in the highest compared with the lowest DRRD adherence quintile was associated with a modestly lower breast cancer risk (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.95; P-trend = 0.0002); this was attenuated after adjusting for weight change since age 18 y (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.92; 95% CI: 0.87, 0.98; P-trend = 0.01). The inverse association was strongest among women with current BMI < 25 kg/m2 (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81, 0.98; P-trend = 0.004; P-interaction = 0.04). Among tumor molecular subtypes, the strongest inverse association was observed with basal-type tumors (MVHRQ5vsQ1: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.45, 1.01; P-trend = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Greater DRRD-adherence was associated with lower breast cancer risk, likely mediated by less weight gain with a DRRD; however, independently of weight change, DRRD-adherence was modestly associated with lower breast cancer risk, particularly among lean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae H Kang
- Address correspondence to JHK (e-mail: )
| | - Cheng Peng
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinnie J Rhee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Maryam S Farvid
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bernard A Rosner
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rulla Tamimi
- Present address for RT: Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065
| | - A Heather Eliassen
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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22
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Renin angiotensin system inhibition attenuates adipocyte-breast cancer cell interactions. Exp Cell Res 2020; 394:112114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Ekinci O, Eren T, Kurtoglu Yakici M, Gapbarov A, Aydemir MA, Saglam ZA, Alimoglu O. Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer. Cir Esp 2020; 98:540-546. [PMID: 32197778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ciresp.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary heart disease. It may also be associated with a higher risk of some common cancers. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between metabolic syndrome and breast cancer in postmenopausal women. METHODS We present a prospective cohort study of postmenopausal women. This cohort was divided into two groups: the «benign diagnosis group», including women who were studied after breast cancer screening; and the «malignant tumor group», including patients with breast cancer that had been diagnosed by biopsy. Age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), abdominal perimeter, serum glucose, LDL, HDL and insulin levels were analyzed as variables under study. The HOMA-IR homeostatic model formula was used to assess insulin resistance. The differences were considered statistically significant when P<.05. RESULTS Two hundred women with a mean age of 61.5±9.6 (range: 37-93) were enrolled in the study, consisting of 150 (75%) patients with a benign diagnosis and 50 (25%) patients with a malignant tumor. BMI and abdominal perimeter were higher in the group with a malignant tumor (P<.05). The incidence of DM and metabolic syndrome was higher in the malignant tumor group (P<.005). In the malignant tumor group, much higher incidences correlated with fasting glycemic levels >100mg/dL, insulin levels >10mIU/L and HOMA-IR scores >2.7 (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS There is a relationship between metabolic syndrome and postmenopausal breast cancer. More studies are needed to establish methods for the prevention of breast cancer in women with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Ekinci
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía
| | - Tunc Eren
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía.
| | - Melike Kurtoglu Yakici
- Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía
| | - Aman Gapbarov
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía
| | - Muhammet Ali Aydemir
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía
| | - Zuhal Aydan Saglam
- Departamento de Medicina Familiar, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía
| | - Orhan Alimoglu
- Departamento de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Istanbul Medeniyet Üniversitesi, Estambul, Turquía
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Impact of serum adipokines on tumor mitotic and apoptotic activity in endometrial cancer. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.581498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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25
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Karkeni E, Morin SO, Bou Tayeh B, Goubard A, Josselin E, Castellano R, Fauriat C, Guittard G, Olive D, Nunès JA. Vitamin D Controls Tumor Growth and CD8+ T Cell Infiltration in Breast Cancer. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1307. [PMID: 31244851 PMCID: PMC6563618 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Women with low levels of vitamin D have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. Numerous studies associated the presence of a CD8+ T cell infiltration with a good prognosis. As vitamin D may play a key role in the modulation of the immune system, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of vitamin D on the breast cancer progression and mammary tumor microenvironment. We show that vitamin D decreases breast cancer tumor growth. Immunomonitoring of the different immune subsets in dissociated tumors revealed an increase in tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells in the vitamin D-treated group. Interestingly, these CD8+ T cells exhibited a more active T cell (TEM/CM) phenotype. However, in high-fat diet conditions, we observed an opposite effect of vitamin D on breast cancer tumor growth, associated with a reduction of CD8+ T cell infiltration. Our data show that vitamin D is able to modulate breast cancer tumor growth and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment in vivo. Unexpectedly, this effect is reversed in high-fat diet conditions, revealing the importance of diet on tumor growth. We believe that supplementation with vitamin D can in certain conditions represent a new adjuvant in the treatment of breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Karkeni
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphanie O Morin
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Berna Bou Tayeh
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Armelle Goubard
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Josselin
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Rémy Castellano
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'essai préclinique TrGET, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Geoffrey Guittard
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Jacques A Nunès
- Immunity and Cancer Team, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, Equipe Labellisée Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Inserm, CNRS, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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Verma S, Kaeley N, Ahmad S, Dhar M, Chhabra A. APRI score non-invasive marker of metabolic syndrome in breast carcinoma patients. CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GLOBAL HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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27
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Barati E, Ghazizadeh H, Sadabadi F, Kazemi E, Ferns GA, Avan A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. Association of the IL6 Gene Polymorphism with Component Features of Metabolic Syndrome in Obese Subjects. Biochem Genet 2019; 57:695-708. [PMID: 30989422 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09913-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Obesity is a component of the metabolic syndrome. Several genetic variants are reported to be associated with obesity and hypo adiponectinemia, including ars1800796 polymorphism of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) gene. Since obesity is associated with inflammatory factors, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between this polymorphism and MetS and its related features. Obese patients with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 (n = 182) were recruited into this study and divided into two groups; 110 patients with MetS, based on the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria, and 72 subjects without MetS. The anthropometric and biochemical data for the groups were compared. Genotyping was carried out using RT-PCR. The association of the genetic polymorphism with MetS and its components were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyzes. There was an association between the presence of the rs1800796polymorphism of the IL-6 gene, with BMI (P = 0.031), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P = 0.010) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = 0.037), while this genetic variant did not show any significant association with the presence of MetS as defined by the IDF. We demonstrate an association between the rs1800796 genetic variant of the IL-6 gene with components of MetS including BMI, and HDL-cholesterol, but not the MetS itself. Therefore, supporting further studies are warranted to investigate this point in a larger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Barati
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghazizadeh
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadabadi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Kazemi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9PH, Sussex, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 99199-91766, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nyasani E, Munir I, Perez M, Payne K, Khan S. Linking obesity-induced leptin-signaling pathways to common endocrine-related cancers in women. Endocrine 2019; 63:3-17. [PMID: 30218381 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-018-1748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is related to many major diseases and cancers. Women have higher rates of obesity and obesity is linked to commonly occurring cancers in women. However, there is a lack of knowledge of the unique mechanism(s) involved in each type of cancer. The objective of this review is to highlight the need for novel experimental approaches and a better understanding of the common and unique pathways to resolve controversies regarding the role of obesity in cancer. In women, there is a link between hormones and obesity-associated genes in cancer development. Leptin is an obesity-associated gene that has been studied extensively in cancers; however, whether the defect is in the leptin gene or in its signaling pathways remains unclear. Both leptin and its receptor have been positively correlated with cancer progression in some endocrine-related cancers in women. This review offers an up-to-date and cohesive review of both upstream and downstream pathways of leptin signaling in cancer and a comprehensive picture of cancer pathogenesis in light of current evidence of leptin effects in several major types of cancer. This work is intended to aid in the design of better therapeutic strategies for obese/overweight women with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunice Nyasani
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Iqbal Munir
- Riverside University Health System, Moreno Valley, CA, USA
| | - Mia Perez
- Department of Pathology & Human Anatomy, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Kimberly Payne
- Department of Pathology & Human Anatomy, Loma Linda, USA
| | - Salma Khan
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
- Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
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Marrelli M, Amodeo V, Statti G, Conforti F. Biological Properties and Bioactive Components of Allium cepa L.: Focus on Potential Benefits in the Treatment of Obesity and Related Comorbidities. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010119. [PMID: 30598012 PMCID: PMC6337254 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Common onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the oldest cultivated plants, utilized worldwide as both vegetable and flavouring. This species is known to contain sulphur amino acids together with many vitamins and minerals. A variety of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, phytosterols and saponins, have also been identified. Despite the predominant use of this plant as food, a wide range of beneficial effects have also been proved. Different biological properties, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial and antidiabetic, have been reported. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the studies concerning the beneficial effects of this species against obesity and its related comorbidities, such as hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and diabetes. Both in vitro and in vivo results about onion dietary supplementation have been taken into account. Furthermore, this review examines the possible role of onion bioactive components in modulating or preventing weight-gain or related diseases, as well as the possible mechanisms behind their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Valentina Amodeo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Giancarlo Statti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Filomena Conforti
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
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Adams BD, Arem H, Hubal MJ, Cartmel B, Li F, Harrigan M, Sanft T, Cheng CJ, Pusztai L, Irwin ML. Exercise and weight loss interventions and miRNA expression in women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 170:55-67. [PMID: 29511965 PMCID: PMC6444907 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity and weight gain are associated with comorbidities including a higher risk of tumor recurrence and cancer-related deaths among breast cancer (BC) survivors; however, the underlying mechanisms linking obesity and cancer are poorly understood. Given the lack of clinically validated BC biomarkers, obesity and weight-loss studies utilize serum biomarkers as the intermediary outcomes of tumor recurrence. Studies have indicated microRNAs (miRNA)s are reliable biomarkers for cancer. We hypothesized that miRNA expression correlates with obesity and weight loss amongst BC survivors. This would yield insight into the biological pathways by which this association occurs, enabling more precise development of therapeutics. PATIENTS AND METHODS We correlated baseline body mass index (BMI) with serum miRNA expression in 121 BC survivors enrolled in the Hormones and Physical Exercise (HOPE) trial. We then analyzed expression of the 35 most abundant miRNAs from HOPE in a six-month randomized controlled weight-loss trial (Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition; LEAN) in 100 BC survivors. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) software was used to identify biological pathway targets of the BMI-associated and intervention-responsive miRNAs using predictive biomarkers. RESULTS Pearson correlations in HOPE identified eight miRNAs associated with BMI, including miR-191-5p (r = - 0.22, p = 0.016) and miR-122-5p (r = 0.25, p = 0.0048). In the LEAN validation study, levels of miR-191-5p significantly increased during the six-month intervention (p = 0.082). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified "Estrogen-mediated S-phase entry" (HOPE p = 0.003; LEAN p < 0.001) and "Molecular mechanisms of cancer" (HOPE p = 0.02; LEAN p < 0.001) as the top canonical pathways that significantly correlated with BMI-associated and intervention-responsive miRNAs and contain obesity and cancer-relevant genes including the E2F family of transcription factors and CCND1, which have been implicated in sporadic BC. CONCLUSION While the association between obesity and BC recurrence and mortality has been demonstrated in the literature, mechanisms underlying the link between weight gain and cancer are unclear. Using two independent clinical trials, we identified novel miRNAs associative to BMI and weight loss that contribute to the development of cancer. Predictive modeling of miRNA targets identified multiple canonical pathways associated with cancer, highlighting potential mechanisms explaining the link between BMI and increased cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Adams
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
- Investigative Medicine Program, Yale University Medical School, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
- Department of RNA Sciences, The Brain Institute of America, Groton, CT, 06340, USA
| | - Hannah Arem
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute of Public Health George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Monica J Hubal
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Milken Institute of Public Health George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | | | - Fangyong Li
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | | | - Tara Sanft
- Yale Medical Oncology, Smilow Cancer Center at Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Christopher J Cheng
- Division of Nucleic Acid Technology, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Cheshire, CT, 06410, USA
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Yale Medical Oncology, Smilow Cancer Center at Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
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Sun L, Zhu Y, Qian Q, Tang L. Body mass index and prognosis of breast cancer: An analysis by menstruation status when breast cancer diagnosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e11220. [PMID: 29952978 PMCID: PMC6039647 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000011220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether obesity/overweight is a risk predictor for breast cancer recurrence and death by menopausal status in a retrospective study. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 1017 breast cancer patients treated in our hospital from January 2004 to December 2012. Three groups were divided according to body mass index (BMI) when breast cancer diagnosis: normal weight, BMI < 25.0 kg/m; overweight, 25.0≤BMI < 30.0 kg/m; and obesity, BMI≥30.0 kg/m. The clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients within 5 years following breast cancer diagnosed were analyzed. Subgroup analyses of BMI on breast cancer prognosis were analyzed according to the menopausal status when breast cancer diagnosis. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Overweight and obesity groups were associated with larger size tumors, older age, increased proportion of postmenopausal patients and less patients choosing anthracycline and/or taxane regimen. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) decreased in overweight and obese patients (P < .001), and both overweight and obesity were independent predictors for increased risks of breast cancer relapse and death (P < .001). When stratified by menopausal status, both overweight and obesity were associated with reduced 5-year DFS and OS in postmenopausal patients (P < .050), and multivariate analysis showed that the risk of relapse and breast cancer mortality in these 2 groups also increased (P < .050). Among premenopausal patients, the risks of relapse and death were significantly increased in obesity group rather than overweight group by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Overweight and obesity might be independently associated with poorer prognosis for breast cancer patients, and the effects of overweight on the breast cancer prognosis seem to be related to menopausal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery
| | | | - Qi Qian
- Department of Breast Surgery
| | - Liming Tang
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Vitamin D: And its role in breast cancer. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018; 34:423-427. [PMID: 30041759 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that plays a role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Recently, extensive research on its extraskeletal actions has linked vitamin D deficiency to an increased risk of infection, diabetes mellitus types 1 and 2, cardiovascular disease, obesity, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, colon, breast, prostate and ovarian cancer and some neurological diseases. There are various mechanisms by which vitamin D influences the natural history of cancer. These include the role of vitamin D in the induction of apoptosis, stimulation of cell differentiation, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects and inhibition of angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. The aim of this review is to clarify the true role of vitamin D in the onset of breast cancer and evolution of the disease after treatment. A further aim is to suggest new research directions to identify indications and requirements for vitamin D supplementation in patients with breast cancer.
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Adipocyte/breast cancer cell crosstalk in obesity interferes with the anti-proliferative efficacy of tamoxifen. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191571. [PMID: 29389973 PMCID: PMC5794086 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a well-known risk factor of breast cancer in post-menopausal women that also correlates with a diminished therapeutic response. The influence of adipocytes and their secretome, i.e. adipokines, on the efficacy of hormone therapy has yet to be elucidated. Methods We investigated, ex vivo, whether mature adipocytes, differentiated from adipose stem cells of normal-weight (MA20) or obese (MA30) women, and their secretions, were able to counteract the effects of tamoxifen (Tx) which is known to decrease neoplastic cell proliferation. Results In a tridimensional model and in a model of co-culture, the anti-proliferative effect of Tx on MCF-7 cancer cells was counteracted by MA30. These two models highlighted two different specific gene expression profiles for genes encoding cytokines or involved in angiogenesis based on the adipocyte microenvironment and the treatment. Thus it notably showed altered expression of genes such as TNFα that correlated with IL-6. In addition, leptin, IL-6 and TNFα, at concentrations reflecting plasma concentrations in obese patients, decreased the anti-proliferative efficacy of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (a major active metabolite of Tx). Conclusions These findings bring insights on adipocytes and mammary cancer cell interactions in Tx therapy, particularly in overweight/obese people. Indeed, patient’ adipokine status would give valuable information for developing individual strategies and avoid resistance to treatment.
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Akbari ME, Gholamalizadeh M, Doaei S, Mirsafa F. FTO Gene Affects Obesity and Breast Cancer Through Similar Mechanisms: A New Insight into the Molecular Therapeutic Targets. Nutr Cancer 2017; 70:30-36. [PMID: 29220587 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2018.1397709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review focused on the possible mediatory role of the FTO in the association between obesity and breast cancer. METHOD All articles published in English from June 1990 to January 2017 were studied. The search terms used were FTO gene, FTO polymorphism, breast cancer, and obesity. Inclusion criteria consisted of assessment of the relationship between FTO polymorphisms and/or FTO expression level with obesity and/or breast cancer as a primary outcome. RESULTS The FTO gene may have a role in the cellular sensing of macronutrients. Over expression of the FTO gene increases the levels of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling that is a key regulator of cell growth. Moreover, some SNPs in intron locations of the FTO gene exert their effects on body mass index, body composition and breast cancer risk through change of the homeobox transcription factor iriquois 3 (IRX3) gene expression level. CONCLUSION The FTO gene may has a critical role in obesity and breast cancer. Similar molecular mechanisms may play a role in the development of breast cancer and obesity. If this result is correct then, it will be interesting to examine the FTO gene as a molecular therapeutics target.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Akbari
- a Cancer Research Center (CRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - M Gholamalizadeh
- b Student Research Committee, Cancer Research Center , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - S Doaei
- c Student Research Committee, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - F Mirsafa
- d National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
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Genistein: Its role in metabolic diseases and cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2017; 119:13-22. [PMID: 29065980 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genistein is an isoflavone present in soy and is known to have multiple molecular effects, such as the inhibition of inflammation, promotion of apoptosis, and modulation of steroidal hormone receptors and metabolic pathways. Since these molecular effects impact carcinogenesis, cancer propagation, obesity, osteoporosis, and metabolic syndromes, genistein plays an important role in preventing and treating common disorders. The role of genistein has not been adequately evaluated in all these clinical settings. This review summarizes some of the known molecular effects of genistein and its potential role in health maintenance and treatment.
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Sultana R, Kataki AC, Borthakur BB, Basumatary TK, Bose S. Imbalance in leptin-adiponectin levels and leptin receptor expression as chief contributors to triple negative breast cancer progression in Northeast India. Gene 2017; 621:51-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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[Outcomes of patients with breast cancer in function of their body mass index]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 45:215-223. [PMID: 28359803 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of patients with breast cancer in function of the body mass index (BMI). METHODS The study cohort consisted of consecutive women undergoing surgery for breast cancer in our institution between January 2009, and September 2013. Individual records of all patients were reviewed and analyzed. Patient BMI was categorized as underweight, normal, overweight and obese. RESULTS A total of 1599 patients were evaluated. Patients were followed for one to 265months with a mean of 36.4months. The number of patients in each of the BMI categories was 66, 779, 463 and 291 for underweight, normal, overweight and obese women respectively. Women with higher BMI were more frequently affected by hypertension (18, 21, 35 and 47% respectively, P<0.0001) and diabetes (3, 2, 7 and 7% respectively, P<0.0001). Obese women had more frequently an inflammatory presentation (P=0.006), larger tumour size (P=0.038) and axillary lymph node involvement (P=0.03) with much more positive lymph nodes (P=0.02). Patients had the same protocols of treatment (surgery and adjuvant treatment). There was no statistically significant difference in overall 5-years survival between groups (P=0.30). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrate a more aggressive clinical and histological presentation for obese women with breast cancer.
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Jung SY, Barrington WE, Lane DS, Chen C, Chlebowski R, Corbie-Smith G, Hou L, Zhang ZF, Paek MS, Crandall CJ. Bioavailable insulin-like growth factor-I as mediator of racial disparity in obesity-relevant breast and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women. Menopause 2017; 24:288-298. [PMID: 27749737 PMCID: PMC5323280 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bioavailable insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) interacts with obesity and exogenous estrogen (E) in a racial disparity in obesity-related cancer risk, yet their interconnected pathways are not fully characterized. We investigated whether circulating bioavailable IGF-I acted as a mediator of the racial disparity in obesity-related cancers such as breast and colorectal (CR) cancers and how obesity and E use regulate this relationship. METHODS A total of 2,425 white and 164 African American (AA) postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study were followed from October 1, 1993 through August 29, 2014. To assess bioactive IGF-I as a mediator of race-cancer relationship, we used the Baron-Kenny method and quantitative estimation of the mediation effect. RESULTS Compared with white women, AA women had higher IGF-I levels; their higher risk of CR cancer, after accounting for IGF-I, was no longer significant. IGF-I was associated with breast and CR cancers even after controlling for race. Among viscerally obese (waist/hip ratio >0.85) and overall nonobese women (body mass index <30), IGF-I was a strong mediator, reducing the racial disparity in both cancers by 30% and 60%, respectively. In E-only users and nonusers, IGF-I explained the racial disparity in CR cancer only modestly. CONCLUSIONS Bioavailable IGF-I is potentially important in racial disparities in obesity-related breast and CR cancer risk between postmenopausal AA and white women. Body fat distribution and E use may be part of the interconnected hormonal pathways related to racial difference in IGF-I levels and obesity-related cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wendy E. Barrington
- Psychosocial & Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dorothy S. Lane
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine. Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rowan Chlebowski
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Giselle Corbie-Smith
- Department of Medicine, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min-So Paek
- Department of Social Welfare, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Carolyn J. Crandall
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Soroush A, Farshchian N, Komasi S, Izadi N, Amirifard N, Shahmohammadi A. The Role of Oral Contraceptive Pills on Increased Risk of Breast Cancer in Iranian Populations: A Meta-analysis. J Cancer Prev 2016; 21:294-301. [PMID: 28053965 PMCID: PMC5207615 DOI: 10.15430/jcp.2016.21.4.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer is one of the main public health issues in the world. Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among women. It is also the second cause of mortality in women. The association between the use of oral contraceptive pills and breast cancer is controversial and a main issue in public health. Some findings have shown that taking these pills does not have a significant effect in increasing the risk of breast cancer, while others have confirmed the carcinogenic effect of these products. These contradictory findings necessitated this meta-analysis, through of all correlated studies in Iran. METHODS All published studies were considered from June 2000 until June 2015, using reliable Latin databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Google search, Scopus, and Science Direct, and Persian database like SID, Irandoc, IranMedex, and Magiran. Finally, 26 papers were selected: 24 studies were case control while two were population based studies. A total of 26 papers with 46,260 participants were assessed since 2001. RESULTS Overall estimate of OR for the effect of oral contraceptive pills on breast cancer is 1.521 (CI = 1.25-1.85), which shows that the intervention group had more chance (52%) compared to the control group (P = 0.001). Using these pills increased the risk of breast cancer up to 1.52 times. CONCLUSIONS Because of directly increasing levels of estrogen and the role of estrogen in gaining weight indirectly, oral contraceptive pills can stimulate the occurrence of breast cancer. More studies should be conducted for controlling the period of pill use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Soroush
- Lifestyle Modification Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Negin Farshchian
- Cancer Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Saeid Komasi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Neda Izadi
- HSR unit of Treatment Deputy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Nasrin Amirifard
- Cancer Research Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Afshar Shahmohammadi
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Bougaret L, Delort L, Billard H, Lequeux C, Goncalves-Mendes N, Mojallal A, Damour O, Vasson MP, Caldefie-Chezet F. Supernatants of Adipocytes From Obese Versus Normal Weight Women and Breast Cancer Cells: In Vitro Impact on Angiogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2016; 232:1808-1816. [PMID: 27886379 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is correlated with a higher risk of metastasis in obese postmenopausal women. Adipokines, whose plasma concentrations are modulated in obese subjects and adipocytes surround mammary cells, suggesting that adipocyte secretome affect mammary tumorogenesis. We hypothesize that mature adipocyte secretions from obese women conditioned or not by breast neoplasic cells, increase changes on the angiogenesis stages. Supernatants of human mature adipocytes, differentiated from stem cells of either adipose tissue of normal weight (MA20) or obese (MA30) women or obtained from co-cultures between MA20 and MA30 and breast cancer cell line MCF-7, were collected. The impact of these supernatants was investigated on proliferation, migration, and tube formation by endothelial cells (HUVEC). MA20 and MA30 showed a preservation of their "metabolic memory" (increase of Leptin, ObR, VEGF, CYP19A1, and a decrease of Adiponectin expression in MA30 compared to MA20). Supernatants from obese-adipocytes increased HUVEC proliferation, migration, and sprouting like with supernatants obtained from co-cultures of MA/MCF-7 regardless the women's BMI. Additional analyses such as the use of neutralizing antibodies, analysis of supernatants (Milliplex®) and variations in gene expression (qRT-PCR), strongly suggest an implication of IL-6, or a synergistic action among adipokines, probably associated with that of VEGF or IL-6. As a conclusion, supernatants from co-cultures of MA30 and MCF-7 cells increase proliferation, migration, and sprouting of HUVEC cells. These results provide insights into the interaction between adipocytes and epithelial cancer cells, particularly in case of obesity. The identification of synergistic action of adipokines would therefore be a great interest in developing preventive strategies. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1808-1816, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Bougaret
- UMR1019-INRA-UdA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, UFR Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laetitia Delort
- UMR1019-INRA-UdA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, UFR Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Hermine Billard
- UMR1019-INRA-UdA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, UFR Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - Nicolas Goncalves-Mendes
- UMR1019-INRA-UdA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, UFR Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ali Mojallal
- Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Reconstructrice et Esthétique, Hôpital Edouard-Herriot, Lyon, France
| | | | - Marie-Paule Vasson
- UMR1019-INRA-UdA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, UFR Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Centre Anti-Cancéreux Jean-Perrin, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Cancéropôle Lyon Auvergne Rhône-Alpes (CLARA), Lyon, France
| | - Florence Caldefie-Chezet
- UMR1019-INRA-UdA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Equipe ECREIN, UFR Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Cancéropôle Lyon Auvergne Rhône-Alpes (CLARA), Lyon, France
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Cleary MP, Juneja SC, Phillips FC, Hu X, Grande JP, Maihle NJ. Leptin Receptor-Deficient MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb Female Mice Do Not Develop Oncogene-Induced Mammary Tumors. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 229:182-93. [PMID: 14734797 DOI: 10.1177/153537020422900207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Being overweight is a risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer and is associated with an increased incidence and shortened latency of spontaneous and chemically Induced mammary tumors in rodents. However, leptin-deficient obese Lepob Lepob female mice have reduced incidences of spontaneous and oncogene-induced mammary tumors. Of interest, leptin enhances the proliferation of human breast cancer cell lines in which leptin receptors are expressed, which suggests that leptin signaling plays a role in tumor development. We evaluated oncogene-induced mammary tumor development in obese MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb mice that exhibit a defect in OB-Rb, which is considered to be the major signaling isoform of the leptin receptor. Lepr and MMTV-TGF-α mice were crossed, and the offspring were genotyped for oncogene expression and the determination of Lepr status. Lean MMTV-TGF-α/Lepr+ Lepr+ (homozygous) and MMTV-TGF-α/Lepr+ Leprdb (heterozygous) mice and obese MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb mice were monitored until age 104 weeks. Body weights of MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb mice were significantly heavier than those of the lean groups. No mammary tumors were detected in MMTV-TGF-α/LeprdbLeprdb mice, whereas the incidence of mammary tumors in MMTV-TGF-α/Lepr+ Lepr+ and MMTV-TGF-α/Lepr+ Leprdb mice was 69% and 82%, respectively. Examination of mammary tissue whole mounts indicated an absence of duct formation and branching for MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb mice. Both age at mammary tumor detection and tumor burden (tumors/mouse and tumor weights) were similar for the lean genotypes. Serum leptin levels of MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb mice were 12-20-fold higher than levels of lean mice. Thus, despite elevated serum leptin levels, leptin receptor-deficient MMTV-TGF-α/Leprdb Leprdb mice do not develop mammary tumors. This study provides additional evidence that leptin and its cognate receptor may be involved in mammary tumorigenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Body Weight
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Leptin/blood
- Leptin/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Obesity/genetics
- Obesity/pathology
- Oncogenes/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/deficiency
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Receptors, Leptin
- Survival Analysis
- Transforming Growth Factor alpha/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot P Cleary
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota 55912, USA.
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Cauchi JP, Camilleri L, Scerri C. Environmental and lifestyle risk factors of breast cancer in Malta-a retrospective case-control study. EPMA J 2016; 7:20. [PMID: 27679672 PMCID: PMC5029064 DOI: 10.1186/s13167-016-0069-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM AND BACKGROUND Environmental exposures are known to play a role in the development of cancer, including breast cancer. There are known associations of breast cancer with environmental factors such as sunlight exposure, diet and exercise and alcohol consumption as well as physiological factors. This study examines the prevalence of risk factors for breast cancer related to dietary intake, environment and lifestyle in the female population of Malta. Malta has had little research in this area, and therefore an exploratory study was carried out. METHODS A retrospective case-control design was applied. Two hundred cases and 403 controls were included. Both cases and controls were subjects without a known family history for breast cancer. Controls were age-matched to cases in an age-decade category roughly at a 2:1 ratio. Interviews were carried out face-to-face using a questionnaire designed by Maltese and Sicilian researchers, encompassing various factors including diet, lifestyle, physiological factors and medical history. Breast cancer risk was then analysed using both univariate and multivariate analyses. For factors having a metric scale, the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare mean scores, while for categorical factors, the chi-square test was used to compare percentages between the case and control groups. Statistical modelling was carried out using binary logistic regression to relate the likelihood of breast cancer to over 50 risk/protective factors analysed collectively. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed around 20 parameters of interest, 14 of which were statistically significant at a 0.05 level of significance. Logistic regression analysis identified 11 predictors of interest that were statistically significant. Tomato, coffee and canned meat consumption were associated with lower likelihood of breast cancer (OR = 0.988, 0.901, 0.892, respectively), whereas beans and cabbage consumption and low sodium salt were positively associated with breast cancer (OR = 1.045, 1.834, 1.028, respectively). Premenopausal status was associated with a lower risk of breast cancer compared to postmenopausal status (OR = 0.067). Not having experienced myocardial infarction was associated with lower odds of breast cancer (OR = 0.331). Increased height was also found to have a strong association with risk of breast cancer, with the odds of having breast cancer increasing for every centimetre increase in height (OR = 1.048). In terms of quantity, odds of having breast cancer were lower in those exposed to sunlight (OR = 0.891). The odds of having breast cancer were also lower in those not using the oral contraceptive pill (OR = 0.454). CONCLUSIONS Various factors in this exploratory study were found to be associated with development of breast cancer. While causal conclusions cannot be made, tomato consumption is of particular interest, as these results corroborate findings found in other studies. A negative association of breast cancer with sunlight exposure and oral contraceptive pill use corroborates findings in other studies. Other associations with dietary intake can be explained by dietary changes. More robust studies in this area, including possible longitudinal studies, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Paul Cauchi
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Malta, Room 111, Msida, MSD 2080 Malta
| | - Liberato Camilleri
- Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Science, University of Malta, Room 509, Maths and Physics Building, Msida, Malta
| | - Christian Scerri
- Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Biomedical Sciences Building, University of Malta, Msida, Malta
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Examining the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among overweight/obese African-American breast cancer survivors vs. matched non-cancer controls. J Cancer Surviv 2016; 11:102-110. [PMID: 27562474 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-016-0566-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is more predominant in overweight, obese and minority populations. This study examined the prevalence of MetS in an exclusively African-American (AA) cohort of breast cancer (BC) survivors; an underrepresented group in previous studies demonstrating negative BC outcomes disparities for females with MetS. METHODS Using a case-control design, overweight/obese AA women with treated Stage I-IIIa BC were matched 1:1 on age, race, sex, and body mass index (BMI) category with non-cancer population controls (n = 444). Three of the following conditions were used to define MetS: HDL cholesterol <50 mg/dL (1.3 mmol/L), serum triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL (1.7 mmol/L), blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL (or on treatment), waist circumference ≥88 cm, or ≥130 mmHg systolic or ≥85 mmHg diastolic blood pressure (or on treatment). Matched-pairs analyses were conducted. RESULTS For BC cases, most women had self-reported Stage I (n = 76) or Stage II (n = 91) disease and were 6.9 (±5.2) years post-diagnosis. MetS was significantly lower in BC survivors vs. their non-cancer population controls (43.2 vs. 51.4 %, respectively; p < 0.05). The diagnosis of MetS did not differ by BMI stratification. A lower prevalence of ≥2 risk factors (80.2 vs. 85.6 %, p < 0.05) was observed for all cases vs. CONTROLS CONCLUSIONS While MetS occurred less frequently in our BC cases vs. non-cancer controls, our estimates are nearly two times those reported in other BC survivors, suggesting important racial/ethnic differences. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS The prognostic implications of MetS among AA BC survivors remain unknown and warrant further investigation.
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Amara S, Alotaibi D, Tiriveedhi V. NFAT5/STAT3 interaction mediates synergism of high salt with IL-17 towards induction of VEGF-A expression in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:933-943. [PMID: 27446373 PMCID: PMC4950837 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation has been considered an important player in cancer proliferation and progression. High salt (sodium chloride) levels have been considered a potent inducer of chronic inflammation. In the present study, the synergistic role of high salt with interleukin (IL)-17 towards induction of the inflammatory and angiogenic stress factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A was investigated. Stimulation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells with high salt (0.2 M NaCl) and sub-minimal IL-17 (1 ng/ml) enhanced the expression of VEGF-A (2.9 and 2.6-fold, respectively, P<0.05) compared with untreated cells. Furthermore, co-treatment with both high salt and sub-minimal IL-17 led to a 5.9-fold increase in VEGF-A expression (P<0.01), thus suggesting a synergistic role of these factors. VEGF-A promoter analysis and specific small interfering RNA knock-down of transcription factors revealed that high salt induced VEGF-A expression through nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT)5, while IL-17 induced VEGF-A expression via signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 signaling mechanisms. Treatment of normal human aortic endothelial cells with the supernatant of activated MCF-7 cells enhanced cell migration and induced expression of migration-specific factors, including vascular cell adhesion protein, β1 integrin and cluster of differentiation 31. These data suggest that high salt levels synergize with pro-inflammatory IL-17 to potentially induce cancer progression and metastasis through VEGF-A expression. Therefore, low-salt diet, anti-NFAT5 and anti-STAT3 therapies may provide novel avenues for enhanced efficiency of the current cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suneetha Amara
- Department of Medicine, Mercy Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63141, USA
| | - Dalal Alotaibi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
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Sumiyoshi M, Kimura Y. Effects of a High-Fat or High-Sucrose Diet on Ultraviolet B Irradiation-Induced Carcinogenesis and Tumor Growth in Melanin-Possessing Hairless Mice. Nutr Cancer 2016; 68:791-803. [PMID: 27046042 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1159703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We herein compared the effects of the chronic feeding of high-fat (HF), high-sucrose (HS), and low-fat/low-sucrose (control) diets on carcinogenesis following chronic ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation in hairless mice. UVB irradiation-induced carcinogenesis was more prominent in HF diet-fed group than in control diet- and HS diet-fed groups. The HS diet group, as well as the HF diet one, showed tumor development and growth, increased skin matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and blood plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels, and decreased blood leptin and adiponectin levels after long-term UVB irradiation. These changes were smaller in the HS diet group than in the HF diet group. In addition, no difference was noted in the above changes between the control and HS diet groups. The increase induced in adipose tissue weight by the HF diet was markedly reduced by UVB irradiation. This result suggests that the abundant availability of lipids in hypertrophic adipose tissue may be related to tumor incidence and growth through increases in blood PAI-1 and skin MMP-9 expression levels and decreases in blood adiponectin levels by UVB irradiation. In conclusion, HF diet-induced hypertrophic adipose tissue is an important cancer risk factor that promotes UV irradiation-induced carcinogenesis and tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Sumiyoshi
- a Division of Biochemical Pharmacology , Department of Basic Medical Research, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine , Shitsukawa, Toon City , Ehime , Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kimura
- a Division of Biochemical Pharmacology , Department of Basic Medical Research, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine , Shitsukawa, Toon City , Ehime , Japan
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Abstract
As prevalence of obesity continues to rise in the United States, we are beginning to elucidate the complex role of obesity-associated chronic inflammation, endocrine dysfunction, and hormone production as a driver for increased breast cancer risk. Epidemiological data suggest that obesity (BMI > 30) is associated with increased breast cancer incidence, worse prognosis, and higher mortality rates. Mechanistically, obesity and excess fat mass represent a state of chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, adipokine imbalance, and increased estrogen signaling. This pro-tumorigenic environment stimulates cancer development through abnormal growth, proliferation, and survival of mammary tissue. Importantly, obesity is a modifiable risk factor; alterations in cell proliferation, apoptosis, circulating estrogen, and insulin sensitivity are observed in response to weight loss attainable through behavior modification including dietary and exercise changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria M Gershuni
- Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, 4 Maloney, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rexford S Ahima
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400, Civic Center Boulevard, Building 421, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julia Tchou
- Department of Surgery Division of Endocrine and Oncologic Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, 34th & Civic Center Blvd, 3 South, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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47
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İyigün ZE, Pilancı KN, Çabuk FK, İlgün S, Ordu Ç, Duymaz T, Alço G, Çelebi F, Sarsenov D, İzci F, Öztürk A, Ağaçayak F, Köksal Üİ, Aktepe F, Eralp Y, Özmen V. The Relationship between Bone Mineral Density and Estrogen Receptor Positivity in Patients with Breast Cancer. THE JOURNAL OF BREAST HEALTH 2016; 12:119-122. [PMID: 28331747 DOI: 10.5152/tjbh.2016.2961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effect of estrogen on bone mineral density (BMD) and breast cancer has been known for a long time. The aim of this study was to compare of the BMD of patients with breast cancer and healthy individuals, and to investigate the degree of correlation of estrogen receptor (ER) with BMD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy-one patients with postmenopausal breast cancer and 79 healthy dividuals were included in the study. The patient demographics (age, menopause age, body mass index, number of children, BMD, Z scores, and estrogen status for breast cancer patients) were taken from hospital records. RESULTS No significant difference was detected between the case and control groups in lumbar region Z scores (p=0.074). At the femur neck, the control group Z scores was higher than patient group (p=0.002). BMI was higher in the patients with breast cancer (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant correlation between ER positivity, BMD, and BMI in ER-positive patients (p=0.495, p=0.8, p=0.846, respectively). There was no difference between the Z scores when the patients were divided into two groups as ER positive and negative (p=0.156, p=0.335, respectively). CONCLUSION This study revealed that there is no difference in lumbar region Z scores between patients with breast cancer and heathy controls; however, the Z scores were higher in the femur neck in the control group, and the BMI was lower in the patient group. Tumor ER positivity does not positively affect BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Serkan İlgün
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Çetin Ordu
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tomris Duymaz
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gül Alço
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Çelebi
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Filiz İzci
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Alper Öztürk
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Ağaçayak
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Fatma Aktepe
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Eralp
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Vahit Özmen
- Florence Nightingale Breast Study Group, İstanbul, Turkey
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Stolley MR, Sharp LK, Fantuzzi G, Arroyo C, Sheean P, Schiffer L, Campbell R, Gerber B. Study design and protocol for moving forward: a weight loss intervention trial for African-American breast cancer survivors. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:1018. [PMID: 26715447 PMCID: PMC4696142 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-2004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer survival rates are significantly lower among African-American women compared to white women. In addition, African-American women with breast cancer are more likely than white women to die from co-morbid conditions. Obesity is common among African-American women, and it contributes to breast cancer progression and the development and exacerbation of many weight-related conditions. Intervening upon obesity may decrease breast cancer and all-cause mortality among African-American breast cancer survivors. METHODS/DESIGN Moving Forward is a weight loss intervention being evaluated in a randomized trial with a projected sample of 240 African American breast cancer survivors. Outcomes include body mass index, body composition, waist:hip ratio, and behavioral, psychosocial and physiological measures. Survivors are randomized to either a 6-month guided weight loss intervention that involves twice weekly classes and text messaging or a self-guided weight loss intervention based on the same materials offered in the guided program. The guided intervention is being conducted in partnership with the Chicago Park District at park facilities in predominantly African-American neighborhoods in Chicago. Recruitment strategies include direct contact to women identified in hospital cancer registries, as well as community-based efforts. Data collection occurs at baseline, post-intervention (6 months) and at a 12-month follow-up. DISCUSSION This study evaluates a community-based, guided lifestyle intervention designed to improve the health of African-American breast cancer survivors. Few studies have addressed behavioral interventions in this high-risk population. If successful, the intervention may help reduce the risk for breast cancer recurrence, secondary cancers, and co-morbid conditions, as well as improve quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION U.S. Clinicaltrials.gov number: NCT02482506, April 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda R Stolley
- Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3548, USA.
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Lisa K Sharp
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Pharmacy Systems, Outcome & Policy, UIC, College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Giamila Fantuzzi
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, UIC, College of Applied Health Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Claudia Arroyo
- Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3548, USA.
| | - Patricia Sheean
- School of Nursing, Loyola University, Maywood, IL, 60153, USA.
| | - Linda Schiffer
- Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3548, USA.
| | - Richard Campbell
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Ben Gerber
- Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226-3548, USA.
- Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, IL, USA.
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Bonsang-Kitzis H, Chaltier L, Belin L, Savignoni A, Rouzier R, Sablin MP, Lerebours F, Bidard FC, Cottu P, Sastre-Garau X, Laé M, Pierga JY, Reyal F. Beyond Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis, BMI and Menopausal Status Are Prognostic Determinants for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144359. [PMID: 26684197 PMCID: PMC4686172 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are a specific subtype of breast cancers with a particularly poor prognosis. However, it is a very heterogeneous subgroup in terms of clinical behavior and sensitivity to systemic treatments. Thus, the identification of risk factors specifically associated with those tumors still represents a major challenge. A therapeutic strategy increasingly used for TNBC patients is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Only a subset of patients achieves a pathologic complete response (pCR) after NAC and have a better outcome than patients with residual disease. Purpose The aim of this study is to identify clinical factors associated with the metastatic-free survival in TNBC patients who received NAC. Methods We analyzed 326 cT1-3N1-3M0 patients with ductal infiltrating TNBC treated by NAC. The survival analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazard model to determine clinical features associated with prognosis on the whole TNBC dataset. In addition, we built a recursive partitioning tree in order to identify additional clinical features associated with prognosis in specific subgroups of TNBC patients. Results We identified the lymph node involvement after NAC as the only clinical feature significantly associated with a poor prognosis using a Cox multivariate model (HR = 3.89 [2.42–6.25], p<0.0001). Using our recursive partitioning tree, we were able to distinguish 5 subgroups of TNBC patients with different prognosis. For patients without lymph node involvement after NAC, obesity was significantly associated with a poor prognosis (HR = 2.64 [1.28–5.55]). As for patients with lymph node involvement after NAC, the pre-menopausal status in grade III tumors was associated with poor prognosis (HR = 9.68 [5.71–18.31]). Conclusion This study demonstrates that axillary lymph node status after NAC is the major prognostic factor for triple-negative breast cancers. Moreover, we identified body mass index and menopausal status as two other promising prognostic factors in this breast cancer subgroup. Using these clinical factors, we were able to classify TNBC patients in 5 subgroups, for which pre-menopausal patients with grade III tumors and lymph node involvement after NAC have the worse prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Bonsang-Kitzis
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Residual Tumor and Response to Treatment Lab, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- UMR932 Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, Paris, France
| | | | - Lisa Belin
- Department of Biostatistic, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Roman Rouzier
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Paul Cottu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Marick Laé
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Yves Pierga
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Reyal
- Department of Surgery, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Residual Tumor and Response to Treatment Lab, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- UMR932 Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Background Intestinal 18F-FDG Uptake Is Related to Serum Lipid Profile and Obesity in Breast Cancer Patients. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0141473. [PMID: 26523374 PMCID: PMC4629908 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the relationships between background intestinal uptake on 18F-FDG PET and cardio-metabolic risk (CMR) factors. METHODS A total of 326 female patients that underwent 18F-FDG PET to determine the initial stage of breast cancer were enrolled. None of the patients had history of diabetes or hypertension. The background intestinal uptake on PET was visually graded (low vs. high uptake group) and quantitatively measured using the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax). SUVmax of 7 bowel segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, hepatic flexure, splenic flexure, and descending colon-sigmoid junction) were averaged for the total bowel (TB SUVmax). Age, body mass index (BMI), fasting blood glucose level (BST), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL) were the considered CMR factors. The relationships between background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake on PET and diverse CMR factors were analyzed. RESULTS The visual grades based on background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake classified 100 (30.7%) patients into the low uptake group, while 226 (69.3%) were classified into the high uptake group. Among CMR factors, age (p = 0.004), BMI (p<0.001), and TG (p<0.001) were significantly different according to visual grade of background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake. Quantitative TB SUVmax showed significant positive correlation with age (r = 0.203, p<0.001), BMI (r = 0.373, p<0.001), TG (r = 0.338, p<0.001), cholesterol (r = 0.148, p = 0.008), and LDL (r = 0.143, p = 0.024) and significant negative correlation with HDL (r = -0.147, p = 0.022). Multivariate analysis indicated that BMI and TG were independent factors in both visually graded background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake (p = 0.027 and p = 0.023, respectively) and quantitatively measured TB SUVmax (p = 0.006 and p = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION Increased background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake on PET may suggest alteration of lipid metabolism and risk of cardio-metabolic disease in non-diabetic and non-hypertensive breast cancer patients.
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