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Guo L, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Xing L, Xu W, Li W, Zhang L, Hou X, Chen S, Wu S, Tian F. Arterial stiffness and risk of new-onset fragility fracture in Chinese men and women: The Kailuan cohort study. Bone 2024; 180:116991. [PMID: 38141749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown an association between increased arterial stiffness and reduced bone mineral density. However, the relationship between arterial stiffness and fragility fracture remains unclear. In this study, we explored the impact of arterial stiffness on the risk of new-onset fragility fracture. METHODS The study included 53,107 participants in the Kailuan Study in whom brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) measurements were obtained between 2010 and 2021. All participants were free of fragility fractures at baseline. A Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) for incident fragility fracture on the baseline baPWV groups: <1400 cm/s (reference), 1400 ≤ baPWV < 1800 cm/s, and ≥1800 cm/s. RESULTS In total, 327 incident fragility fractures were recorded during an average follow-up of 4.99 ± 3.02 years. After adjustment for potential confounders, the HR for the risk of new-onset fragility fracture was 1.66 (95 % CI 1.14-2.42) for the arterial stiffness group in comparison with the normal baPWV group. The risk of fragility fracture was higher in men (HR 1.64, 95 % CI 1.05-2.57). There was a linear association between higher baPWV and fragility fracture. CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffness as measured by baPWV was associated with the risk of fragility fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Guo
- The School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- Medical Department, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lei Xing
- Department of General Practice, Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Wenqi Xu
- The School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- The School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Lisha Zhang
- The School of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoli Hou
- The School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Shuohua Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Shouling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Faming Tian
- The School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, China.
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Draghici AE, Zahedi B, Taylor JA, Bouxsein ML, Yu EW. Vascular deficits contributing to skeletal fragility in type 1 diabetes. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2023; 4:1272804. [PMID: 37867730 PMCID: PMC10587602 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1272804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Over 1 million Americans are currently living with T1D and improvements in diabetes management have increased the number of adults with T1D living into later decades of life. This growing population of older adults with diabetes is more susceptible to aging comorbidities, including both vascular disease and osteoporosis. Indeed, adults with T1D have a 2- to 3- fold higher risk of any fracture and up to 7-fold higher risk of hip fracture compared to those without diabetes. Recently, diabetes-related vascular deficits have emerged as potential risks factors for impaired bone blood flow and poor bone health and it has been hypothesized that there is a direct pathophysiologic link between vascular disease and skeletal outcomes in T1D. Indeed, microvascular disease (MVD), one of the most serious consequences of diabetes, has been linked to worse bone microarchitecture in older adults with T1D compared to their counterparts without MVD. The association between the presence of microvascular complications and compromised bone microarchitecture indicates the potential direct deleterious effect of vascular compromise, leading to abnormal skeletal blood flow, altered bone remodeling, and deficits in bone structure. In addition, vascular diabetic complications are characterized by increased vascular calcification, decreased arterial distensibility, and vascular remodeling with increased arterial stiffness and thickness of the vessel walls. These extensive alterations in vascular structure lead to impaired myogenic control and reduced nitric-oxide mediated vasodilation, compromising regulation of blood flow across almost all vascular beds and significantly restricting skeletal muscle blood flow seen in those with T1D. Vascular deficits in T1D may very well extend to bone, compromising skeletal blood flow control, and resulting in reduced blood flow to bone, thus negatively impacting bone health. Indeed, several animal and ex vivo human studies report that diabetes induces microvascular damage within bone are strongly correlated with diabetes disease severity and duration. In this review article, we will discuss the contribution of diabetes-induced vascular deficits to bone density, bone microarchitecture, and bone blood flow regulation, and review the potential contribution of vascular disease to skeletal fragility in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina E. Draghici
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Bita Zahedi
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - J. Andrew Taylor
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Schoen Adams Research Institute at Spaulding Rehabilitation, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Mary L. Bouxsein
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elaine W. Yu
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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3
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Yang X, Zong C, Feng C, Zhang C, Smirnov A, Sun G, Shao C, Zhang L, Hou X, Liu W, Meng Y, Zhang L, Shao C, Wei L, Melino G, Shi Y. Hippo Pathway Activation in Aged Mesenchymal Stem Cells Contributes to the Dysregulation of Hepatic Inflammation in Aged Mice. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2300424. [PMID: 37544916 PMCID: PMC10520691 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is always accompanied by chronic diseases which probably attribute to long-term chronic inflammation in the aging body. Whereas, the mechanism of chronic inflammation in aging body is still obscure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of local chemotaxis to sites of inflammation and play a powerful role in immune regulation. Whether degeneration of MSCs in the aging body is associated with unbalanced inflammation is still not clear. In this study, immunosuppressive properties of aged MSCs are found to be repressed. The impaired immunosuppressive function of aged MSCs is associated with lower expression of the Hippo effector Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) and its target gene signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1). YAP1 regulates the transcription of STAT1 through binding with its promoter. In conclusion, a novel YAP1/STAT1 axis maintaining immunosuppressive function of MSCs is revealed and impairment of this signal pathway in aged MSCs probably resulted in higher inflammation in aged mice liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityInstitutes for Translational MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu ProvinceMedical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215000China
- Department of Experimental MedicineTORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133Italy
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China
- Department of immunology and metabolismNational Center for Liver CancerShanghai201805China
| | - Chen Zong
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China
- Department of immunology and metabolismNational Center for Liver CancerShanghai201805China
| | - Chao Feng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityInstitutes for Translational MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu ProvinceMedical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215000China
- Department of Experimental MedicineTORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133Italy
| | - Cangang Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Basic Medical SciencesXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxi710061China
| | - Artem Smirnov
- Department of Experimental MedicineTORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133Italy
| | - Gangqi Sun
- Department of Clinical PharmacologyThe Second Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230601China
| | - Changchun Shao
- Department of OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui230022China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Department of Clinical PharmacologyThe Second Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230601China
| | - Xiaojuan Hou
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China
- Department of immunology and metabolismNational Center for Liver CancerShanghai201805China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China
- Department of immunology and metabolismNational Center for Liver CancerShanghai201805China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China
- Department of immunology and metabolismNational Center for Liver CancerShanghai201805China
| | - Liying Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityInstitutes for Translational MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu ProvinceMedical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215000China
| | - Changshun Shao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityInstitutes for Translational MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu ProvinceMedical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215000China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy CenterThird Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghai200438China
- Department of immunology and metabolismNational Center for Liver CancerShanghai201805China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental MedicineTORUniversity of Rome Tor VergataRome00133Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityInstitutes for Translational MedicineState Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and ProtectionKey Laboratory of Stem Cells and Medical Biomaterials of Jiangsu ProvinceMedical College of Soochow UniversitySoochow UniversitySuzhou215000China
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Yang X, Wang Y, Rovella V, Candi E, Jia W, Bernassola F, Bove P, Piacentini M, Scimeca M, Sica G, Tisone G, Mauriello A, Wei L, Melino G, Shi Y. Aged mesenchymal stem cells and inflammation: from pathology to potential therapeutic strategies. Biol Direct 2023; 18:40. [PMID: 37464416 PMCID: PMC10353240 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural ageing of organisms and corresponding age-related diseases result mainly from stem cell ageing and "inflammaging". Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit very high immune-regulating capacity and are promising candidates for immune-related disease treatment. However, the effect of MSC application is not satisfactory for some patients, especially in elderly individuals. With ageing, MSCs undergo many changes, including altered cell population reduction and differentiation ability, reduced migratory and homing capacity and, most important, defective immunosuppression. It is necessary to explore the relationship between the "inflammaging" and aged MSCs to prevent age-related diseases and increase the therapeutic effects of MSCs. In this review, we discuss changes in naturally ageing MSCs mainly from an inflammation perspective and propose some ideas for rejuvenating aged MSCs in future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Ying Wang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
| | - Valentina Rovella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Wei Jia
- Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233 China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong China
| | - Francesca Bernassola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Pierluigi Bove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Manuel Scimeca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sica
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tisone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Alessandro Mauriello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Lixin Wei
- Department of Tumor Immunology and Gene Therapy Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Gerry Melino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, TOR, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, 00133 Italy
| | - Yufang Shi
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Institutes for Translational Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu China
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Şenöz O, Erseçgin A. Systemic immune-inflammation index as a tool for predicting the need for a permanent pacemaker in patients with drug-induced atrioventricular block. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2021; 44:1972-1978. [PMID: 34624137 DOI: 10.1111/pace.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced atrioventricular block (AVB) is generally considered reversible and does not require a permanent pacemaker implantation (PPM). However, some studies have demonstrated a failure of AVB cessation even when the inducing agent has been discontinued. This study has investigated the use of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) to predict irreversible drug-induced AVB after drug discontinuation. METHOD Files of patients with high-degree AVB that required a temporary pacemaker (TPM) were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-three patients in which AVB was drug-induced were included in the study. The patients were divided into the following two groups: (1) those whose AVB reversed after discontinuation of the related drug, and (2) those in which AVB did not reverse. RESULTS AVB reversed in 24 patients (38%) after the inducing agent was discontinued while in the remaining 39 patients (62%) PPM was required. The most common drugs to induce AVB were beta-blockers (n = 46, 73%). Follow-up time with TPM was significantly longer in the irreversible group (2.91 ± 1.05 days vs. 4.94 ± 2.15 days, p < .001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that SII (odds ratio [OR] = 1.002; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.000-1.003; p = .01) was an independent predictor of the requirement for a PPM. An SII > 752.05 was found to be a predictor of irreversible AVB requiring PPM with a sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 75% (receiving-operating characteristics [ROC] area under the ROC curve [AUC]: 0.704, 95% CI = 0.570-0.838, p = .007). CONCLUSION Approximately 2/3 of drug-induced high-degree AVBs are irreversible. SII is an easily available and cheap inflammatory biomarker that can be used to predict irreversible AVB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oktay Şenöz
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırcay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Erseçgin
- Department of Cardiology, Bakırcay University Cigli Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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6
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Tang K, Zhang Q, Peng N, Hu Y, Xu S, Zhang M, Wang R, Shi L. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity is associated with the risk of osteoporosis: a cross-sectional evidence from a Chinese community-based cohort. J Orthop Surg Res 2021; 16:3. [PMID: 33397452 PMCID: PMC7783987 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-02125-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Association of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis has been well documented in elderly population. However, it is not clear whether they co-progress from the early stages through common mechanisms. The object of this study was to evaluate possible associations between arterial stiffness and osteoporosis by measuring brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asia (OSTA) index among a healthy population of Chinese aged 40 years and older. Whether baPWV can be used as a predictor of osteoporosis on OSTA was further assessed. Methods This study was cross-sectional in design. Of 3984 adults aged 40 years and older in the Yunyan district of Guiyang (Guizhou, China) who underwent both OSTA and baPWV measurements within 1 month, 1407 were deemed eligible for inclusion (women, 1088; men, 319). Results The mean baPWV was 1475 ± 302 cm/s (range,766–3459 cm/s). baPWV in 110 individuals with high risk of osteoporosis (OSTA index < − 4) was higher than that of individuals with non-high risk (1733 ± 461 cm/s vs. 1447 ± 304 cm/s, P < 0.001). OSTA index was negatively correlated with baPWV(ρ = − 0.296, P < 0.001) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic blood pressure, and creatinine clearance rate. baPWV was an independent predictor for the presence of high risk of osteoporosis (β = − 0.001, P < 0.001) and was consistent across age and sex subgroups, and the optimal baPWV cutoff value for predicting the presence of high risk of osteoporosis and fracture was 1693 cm/s. The AUC was 0.722 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.667–0.777; P < 0.001, sensitivity of 52.8% and specificity of 83.6%). Conclusions We conclude that arterial stiffness measured by baPWV is well correlated with the severity of osteoporosis evaluated by OSTA. baPWV index may be a valuable tool for identifying individuals with risk of developing osteoporosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13018-020-02125-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.,Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Nianchun Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Shujing Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China
| | - Lixin Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550000, China.
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7
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Raisi-Estabragh Z, Biasiolli L, Cooper J, Aung N, Fung K, Paiva JM, Sanghvi MM, Thomson RJ, Curtis E, Paccou J, Rayner JJ, Werys K, Puchta H, Thomas KE, Lee AM, Piechnik SK, Neubauer S, Munroe PB, Cooper C, Petersen SE, Harvey NC. Poor Bone Quality is Associated With Greater Arterial Stiffness: Insights From the UK Biobank. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:90-99. [PMID: 32964541 PMCID: PMC7613252 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and ischemic heart disease (IHD) represent important public health problems. Existing research suggests an association between the two conditions beyond that attributable to shared risk factors, with a potentially causal relationship. In this study, we tested the association of bone speed of sound (SOS) from quantitative heel ultrasound with (i) measures of arterial compliance from cardiovascular magnetic resonance (aortic distensibility [AD]); (ii) finger photoplethysmography (arterial stiffness index [ASI]); and (iii) incident myocardial infarction and IHD mortality in the UK Biobank cohort. We considered the potential mediating effect of a range of blood biomarkers and cardiometabolic morbidities and evaluated differential relationships by sex, menopause status, smoking, diabetes, and obesity. Furthermore, we considered whether associations with arterial compliance explained association of SOS with ischemic cardiovascular outcomes. Higher SOS was associated with lower arterial compliance by both ASI and AD for both men and women. The relationship was most consistent with ASI, likely relating to larger sample size available for this variable (n = 159,542 versus n = 18,229). There was no clear evidence of differential relationship by menopause, smoking, diabetes, or body mass index (BMI). Blood biomarkers appeared important in mediating the association for both men and women, but with different directions of effect and did not fully explain the observed effects. In fully adjusted models, higher SOS was associated with significantly lower IHD mortality in men, but less robustly in women. The association of SOS with ASI did not explain this observation. In conclusion, our findings support a positive association between bone and vascular health with consistent patterns of association in men and women. The underlying mechanisms are complex and appear to vary by sex. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Raisi-Estabragh
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Luca Biasiolli
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jackie Cooper
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Nay Aung
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Kenneth Fung
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - José M Paiva
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Mihir M Sanghvi
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Ross J Thomson
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Curtis
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Julien Paccou
- Rheumatology Department, Lille University Hospital, CHU Lille, MABlab ULR 4490, 59037 Lille, France
| | - Jennifer J Rayner
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Konrad Werys
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Henrike Puchta
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Katharine E Thomas
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Aaron M Lee
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Stefan K Piechnik
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stefan Neubauer
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Steffen E Petersen
- William Harvey Research Institute, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
- Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, UK
| | - Nicholas C Harvey
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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8
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Depczynski B, Liew PY, White C. Association of glycaemic variables with trabecular bone score in post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabet Med 2020; 37:1545-1552. [PMID: 32276299 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the relationship between bone microarchitecture, as measured by trabecular bone score, and advanced glycation end-product accumulation, as assessed by skin autofluorescence. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were 64 post-menopausal women with type 2 diabetes and 175 post-menopausal women without diabetes. Trabecular bone score and skin autofluorescence data were obtained at time of bone density measurement. RESULTS Trabecular bone score and skin autofluorescence were inversely correlated in women with type 2 diabetes (r = -0.34, P = 0.006); no correlation was seen in post-menopausal women without diabetes (r = -0.029, P = 0.707). After adjustment, neither skin autofluorescence nor a diagnosis of diabetes were associated with trabecular bone score, but HbA1c and waist circumference were independently associated with trabecular bone score. CONCLUSION Skin autofluorescence did not predict trabecular bone score. In contrast, glycaemia, as reflected by HbA1c , and visceral adiposity, as reflected by waist circumference, were independently associated with trabecular bone score.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Depczynski
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - P Y Liew
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - C White
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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9
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Clerencia-Sierra M, Ioakeim-Skoufa I, Poblador-Plou B, González-Rubio F, Aza-Pascual-Salcedo M, Machón M, Gimeno-Miguel A, Prados-Torres A. Do Centenarians Die Healthier than Younger Elders? A Comparative Epidemiological Study in Spain. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9051563. [PMID: 32455809 PMCID: PMC7291259 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9051563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to describe the clinical course, drug use, and health services use characteristics during the last year of life of elders who die being centenarians and to identify key aspects differentiating them from elders who die at an earlier age, with a particular focus on sex differences. We conducted an observational, population-based study in the EpiChron Cohort (Aragón, Spain). The population was stratified by sex and into three age sub-populations (80-89, 90-99, and ≥100 years), and their characteristics were described and compared. Multimorbidity was the rule in our elders, affecting up to 3 in 4 centenarians and 9 in 10 octogenarians and nonagenarians. Polypharmacy was also observed in half of the centenarian population and in most of the younger elders. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (i.e., hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes), cerebrovascular disease and dementia were amongst the most common chronic conditions in all age groups, whereas the gastroprotective drugs and antithrombotic agents were the most dispensed drugs. Centenarians presented in general lower morbidity and treatment burden and lower use of both primary and hospital healthcare services than octogenarians and nonagenarians, suggesting a better health status. Sex-differences in their clinical characteristics were more striking in octogenarians and tended to decrease with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Clerencia-Sierra
- Aragon Health Service (SALUD), EpiChron Research Group, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.C.-S.); (F.G.-R.); (M.A.-P.-S.)
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
| | | | - Beatriz Poblador-Plou
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisca González-Rubio
- Aragon Health Service (SALUD), EpiChron Research Group, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.C.-S.); (F.G.-R.); (M.A.-P.-S.)
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
| | - Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo
- Aragon Health Service (SALUD), EpiChron Research Group, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.C.-S.); (F.G.-R.); (M.A.-P.-S.)
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
| | - Mónica Machón
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biodonostia, Grupo de Atención Primaria, 20014 San Sebastián, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación en Servicios de Salud Kronikgune, 48902 Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Antonio Gimeno-Miguel
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-976-765-500
| | - Alexandra Prados-Torres
- Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 28222 Madrid, Spain; (B.P.-P.); (M.M.); (A.P.-T.)
- EpiChron Research Group, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), IIS Aragón, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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10
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Role of the Nuclear Lamina in Age-Associated Nuclear Reorganization and Inflammation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9030718. [PMID: 32183360 PMCID: PMC7140666 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is characterized by the gradual loss of tissue function and integrity. Activation of inflammatory responses accelerates the deterioration of cells and tissues. Many studies have shown that alteration of the components of the nuclear lamina is associated with inflammation, both in vivo and in vitro. However, the mechanism by which the nuclear lamina regulates inflammation is largely unknown. Recent studies have suggested that the nuclear lamina regulates both organization of the three-dimensional chromatin structure at the nuclear periphery and global gene expression, such as the expression of inflammatory response genes. Here, we discuss the current updates in the research on nuclear lamina alteration, activation of inflammation, and nuclear reorganization in models of cellular senescence and organismal aging.
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11
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Nguyen LT, Pham VN, Chau PMN, Ho-Pham LT, Nguyen TV. Association between carotid intima-media thickness and bone mineral density: a cross-sectional study in Vietnamese men and women aged 50 years and older. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028603. [PMID: 31530594 PMCID: PMC6756441 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis remains controversial. We sought to define the relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and bone mineral density (BMD) in individuals of Vietnamese background. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. PARTICIPANTS The study involved 1460 individuals (559 men) aged 50 years and older (average age 59 years) who were randomly recruited from the community. OUTCOME MEASURES BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (Hologic, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA). Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) was measured using a Philips Ultrasonography (HD7XE). The presence of atherosclerotic plaque was ascertained for each individual. The association between cIMT and BMD was analysed by a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS In unadjusted analysis, cIMT was positively associated with femoral neck BMD in men (p=0.005), but not in women (p=0.242). After adjusting for age, smoking, diabetes and hypertension, the association remained statistically significant in men (partial R2=0.005; p=0.015) but not in women (partial R2=0.008; p=0.369). When the analysis was limited to individuals aged 60 years and older, the association between cIMT and BMD was no longer statistically significant. There was no statistically significant association between cIMT and lumbar spine BMD in either men or women. CONCLUSIONS In Vietnamese individuals aged 50 years and older, there is a clinically non-significant but statistically significant association between carotid intima-media thickness and BMD in men, not in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lich T Nguyen
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Vinh N Pham
- Tam Duc Heart Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Phuong M N Chau
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Lan T Ho-Pham
- Bone and Muscle Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tuan V Nguyen
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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12
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McFarlane IM, Shin TH, Bhamra M, Alvarez MR, Leon SZ, Ozeri DJ, Saladini C, Saperstein Y, Freeman L, Khan MA, Wengrofsky P, Ojike N, Salifu MO. The Relationship of Pulse Pressure and Bone Mineral Density in Adult USA Population: Analysis of the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. RHEUMATOLOGY (SUNNYVALE, CALIF.) 2018; 8:240. [PMID: 30159205 PMCID: PMC6110275 DOI: 10.4172/2161-1149.1000240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Accumulating evidence indicates a relationship between Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and osteoporosis. Hypertension, a known risk factor for CVD is also associated with low Bone Mineral Density (BMD). We hypothesize that Pulse Pressure (PP); a CVD risk factor is associated with BMD. METHODS Data from two consecutive cycles of National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2009-2010 and 2011-2012. Point estimates of demographic variables were calculated using descriptive methods. Study participants were divided into 4 groups based on quartile distribution of PP. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between BMD and PP. RESULTS A total of 8,179 NHANES participants were included in the study (Tables 1-3). The cohort's mean age (± SE) was 53.3 years 0.19, mean BMI (± SE) 29.6 kg/m2 ± 0.07. PP was significantly higher with increased age, among Blacks (57.4 ± 0.52) and Hispanics (57.5 ± 0.19) compared to whites (53.9 ± 0.29), and for men (57.2 ± 0.16) when compared to women (54.1 ± 0.17), p<0.05. After adjusting for age, sex, race, menopause, body mass index, family history of osteoporosis, PP was associated with femoral neck BMD, β=-0.0005, p<0.05 but was not significantly associated with lumbar spine BMD, β=-0.0002, p=0.07. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that wide PP is associated with low BMD. This negative association was demonstrated at the femoral neck where bone loss and osteoporotic fractures occur at a more advanced stage, further supporting the relationship between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis risk. These findings have the potential for identifying high osteoporotic risk patients among those with wide pulse pressure, providing further indications for bone mineral density testing among these elderly frail patients. Further research is needed to investigate the mechanisms behind the relationship between PP and BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel M McFarlane
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA,Corresponding author: Isabel M McFarlane, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA, Tel: +1718-221-6515;
| | - Tai Ho Shin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Manjeet Bhamra
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Milena Rodriguez Alvarez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Su Zhaz Leon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - David J Ozeri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, New York Presbyterian Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, USA
| | - Carla Saladini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Yair Saperstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Latoya Freeman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Muhammad A Khan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Perry Wengrofsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Nwakile Ojike
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
| | - Moro O Salifu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Centre/Health & Hospitals Kings County Brooklyn, USA
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13
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van den Bos F, Emmelot-Vonk MH, Verhaar HJ, van der Schouw YT. Links between Atherosclerosis and Osteoporosis in Middle Aged and Elderly Men. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:639-644. [PMID: 29806852 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1039-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidences of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis increase with age, there is growing evidence that the coincidental occurrence of both diseases may be independent of age. In general, studies in men are scarce and results are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE to investigate the relationship between atherosclerosis and bone mineral density, and the influence of insulin sensitivity and low grade inflammation on this relationship in 332 men without CVD. METHODS Aortic Pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIX) and measurements of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) were assessed. BMD measurements were performed with dual-X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), subcutaneous fat by ultrasonography. Serum concentrations of lipids, hsCRP, glucose and insulin were measured. Insulin sensitivity was calculated by use of the quantitative insulin sensitivity (QUICKI). We used multivariate linear regression models to examine the association of hsCRP, insulin sensitivity, PWV, Aix, CIMT with BMD. RESULTS A higher CIMT was significantly associated with higher BMD after multivariate adjustment (ß 99.7; p=0.02). Further adjustment for weight attenuated the estimates towards non-significant. No association was found between PWV or AIX and BMD. Lower insulin sensitivity was associated with higher BMD (ß -645.1; p<0.01). After adjustment for weight this association was no longer significant. A similar effect was seen for the association between hsCRP and BMD. CONCLUSION In this population of healthy, non-obese, men without a history of cardiovascular disease the positively association between cardiovascular parameters and BMD was mainly explained by weight, suggesting that in this population weight plays a protective role in the development of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F van den Bos
- Frederiek van den Bos, HagaHospital, department of internal medicine. Leyweg 275, 2545 CH, The Haque, The Netherlands, 0031-70-2102917.
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14
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Fougère B, Boulanger E, Nourhashémi F, Guyonnet S, Cesari M. Chronic Inflammation: Accelerator of Biological Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:1218-1225. [PMID: 28003373 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade inflammation level. This chronic phenomenon has been named "inflamm-aging" and is a highly significant risk factor for morbidity and mortality in the older persons. The most common theories of inflamm-aging include redox stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, glycation, deregulation of the immune system, hormonal changes, epigenetic modifications, and dysfunction telomere attrition. Inflamm-aging plays a role in the initiation and progression of age-related diseases such as type II diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular disease, frailty, sarcopenia, osteoporosis, and cancer. This review will cover the identification of pathways that control age-related inflammation across multiple systems and its potential causal role in contributing to adverse health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Fougère
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Inserm UMR1027, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Fati Nourhashémi
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Inserm UMR1027, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Inserm UMR1027, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Gérontopôle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Inserm UMR1027, Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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15
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Fujihara Y, Nawata H, Honda M, Kunitake T, Aida E, Nagai T, Kuramochi H, Ueno J, Yoshimoto S, Muta K. Comparative study of the correlation between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis in women in Japan and Mongolia. J Gen Fam Med 2017; 18:237-243. [PMID: 29264033 PMCID: PMC5689420 DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Associations between vascular calcification and osteoporosis are well documented, yet effects of lifestyle on atherosclerosis and osteoporosis remain unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis of people with different lifestyles living on Uku Island in Japan (rice consumption and fishing lifestyle) and in Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia (meat consumption and nomadic lifestyle), and investigated the differences of lifestyles on atherosclerosis and osteoporosis. Methods Participants were women aged over 50 years who had undergone a previous medical examination for atherosclerosis and osteoporosis (Uku Island, 104, Ulaanbaatar, 71). Lifestyle habits were obtained by questionnaire. Bone mineral density of the right calcaneus was measured using quantitative ultrasound. Brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity was measured as an index of atherosclerosis. Results There were no significant differences in bone mineral density and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity between the two groups, even though meat and dairy intake, number of meals skipped, and number of children were significantly greater in participants from Ulaanbaatar compared with Uku Island. Brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity showed significant positive correlations with age, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, and body mass index and a significant negative correlation with bone mineral density for both groups. With step‐wise multiple regression analysis, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity significantly correlated with age and bone mineral density for both populations. Systolic blood pressure significantly correlated with brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity for the Ulaanbaatar group. Conclusions Despite significant lifestyle differences, similar relationships between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis were observed in women from Uku Island and Ulaanbaatar. Hypertension was a significant contributing factor for atherosclerosis for the Ulaanbaatar group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Eiji Aida
- Medical Corp.Seiwakai Muta Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | - Tetsu Nagai
- Medical Corp.Seiwakai Muta Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | | | - Junichi Ueno
- Medical Corp.Seiwakai Muta Hospital Fukuoka Japan
| | | | - Kazuo Muta
- Medical Corp.Seiwakai Muta Hospital Fukuoka Japan
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16
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Lange V, Dörr M, Schminke U, Völzke H, Nauck M, Wallaschofski H, Hannemann A. The Association between Bone Quality and Atherosclerosis: Results from Two Large Population-Based Studies. Int J Endocrinol 2017; 2017:3946569. [PMID: 28852407 PMCID: PMC5568612 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3946569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is highly debated whether associations between osteoporosis and atherosclerosis are independent of cardiovascular risk factors. We aimed to explore the associations between quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters at the heel with the carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT), the presence of carotid artery plaques, and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). METHODS The study population comprised 5680 men and women aged 20-93 years from two population-based cohort studies: Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) and SHIP-Trend. QUS measurements were performed at the heel. The extracranial carotid arteries were examined with B-mode ultrasonography. ABI was measured in a subgroup of 3853 participants. Analyses of variance and linear and logistic regression models were calculated and adjusted for major cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS Men but not women had significantly increased odds for carotid artery plaques with decreasing QUS parameters independent of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Beyond this, the QUS parameters were not significantly associated with IMT or ABI in fully adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Our data argue against an independent role of bone metabolism in atherosclerotic changes in women. Yet, in men, associations with advanced atherosclerosis, exist. Thus, men presenting with clinical signs of osteoporosis may be at increased risk for atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Lange
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M. Dörr
- Department for Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - U. Schminke
- Department for Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H. Völzke
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - M. Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - H. Wallaschofski
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - A. Hannemann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- *A. Hannemann:
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17
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Tomiyama H, Matsumoto C, Shiina K, Yamashina A. Brachial-Ankle PWV: Current Status and Future Directions as a Useful Marker in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease and/or Cardiovascular Risk Factors. J Atheroscler Thromb 2016; 23:128-46. [DOI: 10.5551/jat.32979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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18
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van Dijk SC, de Jongh RT, Enneman AW, Ham AC, Swart KMA, van Wijngaarden JP, van der Zwaluw NL, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, van Schoor NM, Dhonukshe-Rutten RAM, Lips P, de Groot CPGM, Smulders YM, Blom HJ, Feskens EJ, Geleijnse JM, van den Meiracker AH, Mattace Raso FUS, Uitterlinden AG, Zillikens MC, van der Velde N. Arterial stiffness is not associated with bone parameters in an elderly hyperhomocysteinemic population. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:99-108. [PMID: 25804313 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0650-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have observed positive associations between bone disease and cardiovascular disease. A potential common pathway is hyperhomocysteinemia; however, to date, there is a lack of data regarding hyperhomocysteinemic populations. Therefore, we examined both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, whether there is an association between bone parameters and arterial stiffness in a hyperhomocysteinemic population, and investigated the potential common role of homocysteine (hcy) level on these associations. Cross-sectional and longitudinal data of the B-PROOF study were used (n = 519). At both baseline and 2-year follow-up we determined bone measures-incident fractures and history of fractures, bone-mineral density (BMD) and quantitative ultrasound (QUS) measurement. We also measured arterial stiffness parameters at baseline-pulse wave velocity, augmentation index and aortic pulse pressure levels with applanation tonometry. Linear regression analysis was used to examine these associations and we tested for potential interaction of hcy level. The mean age of the study population was 72.3 years and 44.3 % were female. Both cross-sectionally and longitudinally there was no association between arterial stiffness measures and BMD or QUS measurements or with incident fractures (n = 16) within the 2-3 years of follow-up. Hcy level did not modify the associations and adjustment for hcy did not change the results. Arterial stiffness was not associated with bone parameters and fractures, and hcy neither acted as a pleiotropic factor nor as a mediator. The potential association between bone and arterial stiffness is therefore not likely to be driven by hyperhomocysteinemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C van Dijk
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - R T de Jongh
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A W Enneman
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A C Ham
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K M A Swart
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J P van Wijngaarden
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - N L van der Zwaluw
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - E M Brouwer-Brolsma
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - N M van Schoor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - P Lips
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C P G M de Groot
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Y M Smulders
- Department of Internal Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research ICaR-VU, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H J Blom
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research ICaR-VU, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E J Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - J M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - A H van den Meiracker
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F U S Mattace Raso
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G Uitterlinden
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Consortium of Healthy Ageing, Rotterdam and Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M C Zillikens
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - N van der Velde
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kim NL, Suh HS. Correlation of Arterial Stiffness and Bone Mineral Density by Measuring Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Healthy Korean Women. Korean J Fam Med 2015; 36:323-7. [PMID: 26634100 PMCID: PMC4666869 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2015.36.6.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between arterial stiffness and osteoporosis has previously been reported. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between arterial stiffness, measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, and bone mineral density in a sample of healthy women undergoing routine medical checkup. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 135 women who had visited the Health Promotion Center (between May 2009 and December 2012). Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity was measured using an automatic wave analyzer. Bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femur was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Metabolic syndrome was defined according to National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria, using body mass index >25 kg/m(2) instead of waist circumference >88.9 cm. RESULTS Pearson's correlation analysis revealed significant inverse relationships between pulse wave velocity and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine (r=-0.335, P<0.001), femur neck (r=-0.335, P<0.001), and total femur (r=-0.181, P=0.04). Pulse wave velocity showed the strongest association with age (r=0.586, P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis identified an independent relationship between pulse wave velocity and lumbar spine bone mineral density in women after adjusting for age, metabolic syndrome, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, and exercise (r=-0.229, P=0.01). CONCLUSION This study confirmed an association between arterial stiffness and bone mineral density in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam-Lee Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Heuy-Sun Suh
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
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van Sloten TT, Czernichow S, Houben AJ, Protogerou AD, Henry RM, Muris DM, Schram MT, Sep SJ, Dagnelie PC, van der Kallen CJ, Schaper NC, Blacher J, Hercberg S, Levy BI, Stehouwer CD. Association Between Arterial Stiffness and Skin Microvascular Function: The SUVIMAX2 Study and The Maastricht Study. Am J Hypertens 2015; 28:868-76. [PMID: 25523296 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpu246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been hypothesized that arterial stiffness leads to generalized microvascular dysfunction and that individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are particularly prone to the detrimental effects of arterial stiffness. However, evidence for an association between stiffness and markers of generalized microvascular dysfunction is lacking. We therefore investigated the association between arterial stiffness and skin microvascular function in individuals without and with T2DM. METHODS Cross-sectional data were used of The Supplementation en Vitamines et Mineraux Antioxydants 2 (SUVIMAX2) Study (n = 284/62.2 years/48.6% women/0% T2DM (by design)) and The Maastricht Study (n = 737/59.7 years/45.2% women/28.8% T2DM (by design)). Arterial stiffness was determined by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). Skin capillaroscopy was used to determine capillary density at baseline, and during reactive hyperemia and venous congestion. Laser Doppler flowmetry was used to assess acetylcholine- and local heating-induced vasoreactivity, and skin flowmotion. RESULTS In The SUVIMAX2 Study, cfPWV (per +1 SD) was not associated with baseline capillary density (regression coefficient: -0.48 (95% confidence interval: 2.37; 1.41)) or capillary recruitment during venous congestion (0.54% (-0.74; 1.81%)). In addition, cfPWV was not associated with acetylcholine (-0.02% (-0.14; 0.10%)) or local heating-induced vasoreactivity (0.03% (-0.07; 0.12%)). In The Maastricht Study, in individuals without T2DM, cfPWV was not associated with baseline capillary density (-1.20 (-3.17; 0.77)), and capillary recruitment during reactive hyperemia (1.22% (-0.41; 2.84%)) or venous congestion (1.50% (-0.25; 3.25%)). In addition, cfPWV was not associated with flowmotion (-0.01 (-0.07; 0.06)). Results were adjusted for age and sex. Additional adjustments for confounders did not materially change these results. Results were qualitatively similar in individuals with T2DM. CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffness is not associated with skin microvascular function, irrespective of the presence of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alfons J Houben
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Athanase D Protogerou
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald M Henry
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis M Muris
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda T Schram
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Simone J Sep
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C Dagnelie
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Carla J van der Kallen
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolaas C Schaper
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jacques Blacher
- Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Nutritional Epidemiology Research Group, Sorbonne-Paris-Cité, UMR University of Paris 13/INSERM U557/INRA U1125/CNAM, Bobigny, France
| | - Bernard I Levy
- INSERM, UMS 011 Population-based cohorts, Villejuif, France
| | - Coen D Stehouwer
- Department of Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;
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Pikilidou M, Yavropoulou M, Antoniou M, Yovos J. The Contribution of Osteoprogenitor Cells to Arterial Stiffness and Hypertension. J Vasc Res 2015; 52:32-40. [DOI: 10.1159/000381098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the most important causes of mortality and morbility in the elderly. Lots of studies showed a correlation between bone loss and cardiovascular risk mediated by the vascular calcification. The relationship between OP and CVD could be firstly explained by their common risk factors such as age, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and menopause. However, other different hypotheses were proposed to clarify this link. Multiple factors, for example bone morphogenetic proteins, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand, parathyroid hormone, phosphate, oxidized lipids and vitamins D and K seemed to be involved in both conditions, indicating a possible common pathophysiologic mechanism. We review and discuss the available data describing this association. Further studies are necessary to better investigate similarities between OP and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lello
- a Department of Woman and Child Health , Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - A Capozzi
- a Department of Woman and Child Health , Catholic University , Rome , Italy
| | - G Scambia
- a Department of Woman and Child Health , Catholic University , Rome , Italy
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23
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Change in arterial stiffness associated with monthly bisphosphonate treatment in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis. Menopause 2014; 21:962-6. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kim NL, Jang HM, Kim SK, Ko KD, Hwang IC, Suh HS. Association of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis in healthy men undergoing screening medical examination. J Bone Metab 2014; 21:133-41. [PMID: 25006570 PMCID: PMC4075267 DOI: 10.11005/jbm.2014.21.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Association of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis has been previously reported in women. However, this association is still controversial for men. Therefore, we investigated correlation of arterial stiffness and osteoporosis by measuring brachial-ankle (ba) pulse wave velocity (PWV) and bone mineral density (BMD). Methods We reviewed medical charts of 239 people (women: 128, men: 111) who visited the Health Promotion Center, retrospectively. ba-PWV was measured by automatic wave analyzer. Lumbar spine (L1-L4) BMD and femur BMD were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Metabolic syndrome was based on the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP)-Adult Treatment Panel (ATPIII) definition. Body mass index (BMI)>25 kg/m2 was used instead of waist circumference. Results In Pearson's correlation analysis, PWV and femur BMD (Neck, total) had a significant inverse relationship in men (r=-0.254, P=0.007; r=-0.202, P=0.034). In women, PWV and the L-spine, femur (Neck, total) had a significant inverse relationship. (r=-0.321, P<0.001; r=-0.189, P=0.032; r=-0.177, P=0.046) Age and PWV showed the greatest association in both men and women (r=0.46 P<0.001; r=0.525, P<0.001) In multiple regression analysis, the L-spine BMD and PWV had an independent relationship in women after adjusting for age, metabolic syndrome, BMI, smoking, drinking and exercise. (r=-0.229, P=0.015). No independent association was found between PWV and BMD in men. Conclusions The association between arterial stiffness and BMD was confirmed in women. However, this association was not statistically significant for men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Lee Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ha Min Jang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sul Ki Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ki Dong Ko
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - In Cheol Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Heuy Sun Suh
- Department of Family Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
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Park J, Omi N. The effects of different exercise modes for preventing endothelial dysfunction of arteries and bone loss in ovariectomized rats. J Exerc Nutrition Biochem 2014; 18:133-9. [PMID: 25566448 PMCID: PMC4241919 DOI: 10.5717/jenb.2014.18.2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Several epidemiological studies have demonstrated that there are positive correlations between vascular disorders and bone loss in postmenopausal women. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of different types of exercise (e.g., climbing and swimming) for preventing endothelial dysfunction of arteries and bone loss in ovariectomized rats. [Methods] Twenty Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly divided into three groups: ovariectomy (OVX) plus treatment with vitamin D3 and nicotine (VDN) (control rats [Con], n = 7), which is an animal model for endothelial dysfunction and bone loss; voluntary climbing resistance exercise with OVX plus VDN (climbing rats [Clim], n = 6), and swimming exercise with OVX plus VDN (swimming rats [Swim], n = 7). The period of exercise training was 8 weeks. [Results] The endothelin-1 (ET-1) protein levels were significantly lower in the Clim and Swim groups than in the Con. The endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein levels were significantly higher in the Swim group than in the Con, but they did not differ between the Clim and Con groups. The cortical bone mineral density in the tibia and breaking energy of the femur were significantly higher in the Clim group than in the Con, but this positive effect was not seen in the Swim group. [Conclusion] Voluntary climbing exercise decreased arterial ET-1 protein levels and prevented bone loss in a postmenopause-model rat combining OVX and VDN. Conversely, swimming suppressed endothelial dysfunction of the arteries but did not prevent bone loss. Thus, the type of exercise should be cautiously chosen for enhancing vascular function and bone status, especially in females after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghoon Park
- Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Naomi Omi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and osteoporosis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women. The relationship between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis has been established by studies of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and biochemical pathways that seem to overlap in many places. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is one of the known predictors of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Studies indicate that PWV in hypertensive postmenopausal women is increased, and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) attenuates this increase. In addition, recently, many studies have suggested a role for arterial stiffness in the association between CVD and osteoporosis. From these findings, it appears that estrogen deficiency combined with production of inflammatory cytokines plays a role in increased PWV closely associated with CVD and osteoporosis, although the mechanisms of arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women may be more complex. Accordingly, a possible role for PWV as a surrogate marker of CVD as well as osteoporosis in postmenopausal women is discussed in this review. First, menopause leads to increased arterial stiffness with aging in females. Further, epidemiological data evaluating arterial stiffness assessed by PWV provided evidence that most of the established CVD risk factors are determinants of PWV, and these risk factors are increased in patients with CVD. In turn, contrary to expectation, HRT did not always contribute to a lower incidence of CVD in postmenopausal women. By reviewing the current data available, it becomes clear that, at present, the effects of menopause including HRT on PWV remain controversial, and further studies are needed to clarify these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromichi Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
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McFarlane SI, Qureshi G, Singh G, Venner-Jones K, Salciccioli L, Lazar J. Bone Mineral Density as a Predictor of Atherosclerosis and Arterial Wall Stiffness in Obese African-American Women. Cardiorenal Med 2012; 2:328-334. [PMID: 23381741 DOI: 10.1159/000345461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone demineralization is associated with higher cardiovascular event rates, possibly due to vascular calcification and accelerated atherosclerosis. African-Americans have less bone loss and less calcium content within atherosclerotic plaques. However, whether loss of bone mass is related to atherosclerosis has not been examined in African-Americans. The objective of this study was to evaluate possible associations between bone mineral density (BMD), carotid intimal-medial thickness (CIMT), and arterial stiffness. We studied 100 obese African-American women (BMI: 26.6 ± 6.2; age: 63 ± 14 years) referred for BMD estimation by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan. BMD (g/cm(2)) was obtained at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, and total hip. Arterial stiffness was evaluated by the heart rate-corrected augmentation index (AI@75) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) using applanation tonometry. CIMT was measured by vascular ultrasound. Mean CIMT, AI@75, and PWV were 0.72 ± 0.14 mm, 28.8 ± 9.0%, and 8.9 ± 1.6 m/s, respectively. Mean BMD values at the lumbar spine, femoral neck, and hip were 0.96 ± 0.19, 0.80 ± 0.16, and 0.91 ± 0.17 g/cm(2). Older subjects had higher CIMT (r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and AI@75 (r = 0.42, p < 0.001). There was a significant correlation between AI@75 and CIMT (r = 0.45, p < 0.001). BMD was negatively correlated with AI@75 (lumbar: r = -0.22, p = 0.03; femoral neck: r = -0.24, p = 0.01; hip: r = -0.21, p = 0.03). BMD was unrelated to CIMT (lumbar: r = -0.09, p = 0.42; femoral neck: r = -0.15, p = 0.17; hip: r = -0.13, p = 0.23). On multivariate analysis, age (p < 0.001), hypertension (p = 0.02), and lumbar BMD (p = 0.01, R(2) = 0.30) were independent predictors of increased AI@75 after adjusting for age, height, and cardiovascular risk factors. These findings were unchanged upon substitution of femoral neck BMD (p = 0.05, R(2) = 0.28) into the model. There was a trend with hip BMD (p = 0.06, R(2) = 0.28) in the regression model. Age-matched comparison between normal BMD (n = 25) and osteoporotic patients (n = 34) demonstrated a significant difference in AI@75 (26.6 ± 8.9 vs. 31.6 ± 9.1%, p = 0.04). In summary, women with lower BMD had increased arterial stiffness. There was no relationship between BMD and atherosclerosis. In conclusion, age, hypertension, and BMD are independent predictors of higher arterial stiffness. Vascular changes are related to bone mineral loss, suggesting lower BMD may increase cardiovascular risk in African-Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy I McFarlane
- Division of Cardiology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, N.Y., USA
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Luigi P, Chiara FM, Laura Z, Cristiano M, Giuseppina C, Luciano C, Giuseppe P, Sabrina C, Susanna S, Antonio C, Giuseppe C, Giorgio DT, Claudio L. Arterial Hypertension, Metabolic Syndrome and Subclinical Cardiovascular Organ Damage in Patients with Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism before and after Parathyroidectomy: Preliminary Results. Int J Endocrinol 2012; 2012:408295. [PMID: 22719761 PMCID: PMC3375164 DOI: 10.1155/2012/408295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 03/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is associated with high cardiovascular morbidity, and the role of calcium and parathyroid hormone is still controversial. Objective. To evaluate the prevalence and outcomes of metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and some cardiovascular alterations in asymptomatic PHPT, and specific changes after successful parathyroidectomy. Material and Methods. We examined 30 newly diagnosed PHPT patients (8 males, 22 females; mean age 56 ± 6 yrs), 30 patients with essential hypertension (EH) (9 males, 21 females; mean age 55 ± 4), and 30 normal subjects (NS) (9 males, 21 females: mean age 55 ± 6). All groups underwent evaluation with ambulatory monitoring blood pressure, echocardiography, and color-Doppler artery ultrasonography and were successively revaluated after one year from parathyroidectomy. Results. PHPT patients presented a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (38%) with respect to EH (28%). Prevalence of hypertension in PHPT was 81%, and 57% presented altered circadian rhythm of blood pressure, with respect to EH (35%) and NS (15%). PHPT showed an important myocardial and vascular remodelling. During follow-up in PHPT patients, we found significant reduction of prevalence of metabolic syndrome, blood pressure, and "non-dipping phenomenon." Conclusions. Cardiovascular and metabolic alterations should be considered as added parameters in evaluation of patients with asymptomatic PHPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petramala Luigi
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Formicuccia Maria Chiara
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Zinnamosca Laura
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marinelli Cristiano
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Cilenti Giuseppina
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Colangelo Luciano
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Panzironi Giuseppe
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sciomer Susanna
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory and Morphological Sciences, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ciardi Antonio
- Department of Surgery “P. Valdoni”, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Cavallaro Giuseppe
- Department of Surgery “P. Valdoni”, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - De Toma Giorgio
- Department of Surgery “P. Valdoni”, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Claudio
- Secondary Hypertension Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
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Pirro M, Schillaci G, Mannarino MR, Scarponi AM, Manfredelli MR, Callarelli L, Leli C, Fabbriciani G, Helou RS, Bagaglia F, Mannarino E. Circulating immature osteoprogenitor cells and arterial stiffening in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2011; 21:636-642. [PMID: 20554181 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2010.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2009] [Revised: 11/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS An increased number of circulating osteoprogenitor cells (OPCs) expressing bone-related proteins and the stem cell marker CD34 have been identified in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis, who also have stiffer arteries than nonosteoporotic subjects. We investigated whether an increased number of circulating OPCs underlies the association of osteoporosis with arterial stiffness. METHODS AND RESULTS The number of circulating OPCs was quantified by FACS analysis in 120 postmenopausal women with or without osteoporosis. OPCs were defined as CD34+/alkaline phosphatase(AP)+ or CD34+/osteocalcin(OCN)+ cells. Participants underwent cardiovascular risk factor assessment, measurement of bone mineral density (BMD), and aortic pulse wave velocity (aPWV) as a measure of arterial stiffness. Osteoporotic women had higher aPWV (9.8 ± 2.8 vs 8.5 ± 1.9 m/s, p = 0.005) and levels of CD34+/AP+ and CD34+/OCN+ cells than nonosteoporotic controls [1045 n/mL (487-2300) vs 510 n/mL (202-940), p < 0.001; 2415 n/mL (1225-8090) vs 1395 n/mL (207-2220), p < 0.001]. aPWV was associated with log-CD34+/AP+ (r = 0.27, p = 0.003), log-CD34+/OCN+ cells (r = 0.38, p < 0.001). In stepwise regression analysis CD34+/OCN+ cells, age, systolic blood pressure and heart rate were significant predictors of aPWV (Model R = 0.62, p < 0.001), independent of cardiovascular risk factors, parathyroid hormone levels and osteoporotic status. CONCLUSION In women with postmenopausal osteoporosis an increased availability of circulating osteoprogenitor cells has a detrimental influence on arterial compliance, which may in part explain the association between osteoporosis and arterial stiffening.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Hospital Santa Maria della Misericordia, Piazzale Menghini 1, Perugia, Italy.
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Giallauria F, Ling SM, Schreiber C, Maggio M, Shetty V, Muller D, Vigorito C, Ferrucci L, Najjar SS. Arterial stiffness and bone demineralization: the Baltimore longitudinal study of aging. Am J Hypertens 2011; 24:970-5. [PMID: 21544148 PMCID: PMC3435100 DOI: 10.1038/ajh.2011.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arterial stiffening is one of the hallmarks of vascular aging, and is an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Aging is also associated with bone demineralization. Accumulating evidence indicate that arterial stiffness and bone demineralization might share common pathways. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether the association between arterial stiffness and bone demineralization is independent of age, and to explore putative mechanisms that may mediate their relationship. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from 321 men (68 ± 12 years) and 312 women (65 ± 13 years) of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) and cross-sectional cortical bone area (cCSA) was assessed at the level of the mid-tibia with computed tomography (CT) imaging. RESULTS Age was significantly correlated with PWV in men (r = 0.38, P < 0.0001) and women (r = 0.35, P < 0.0001). Age was associated with cCSA in women (r = -0.14, P = 0.0008), but not in men. Age-adjusted linear regression analysis showed a significant inverse association between PWV and cCSA, in women but not in men. The association between PWV and cCSA remained significant in women after adjusting for age, mean arterial pressure (MAP), obesity, menopause, drugs, alcohol intake, physical activity, renal function, serum calcium, and total estradiol concentration. CONCLUSIONS Independent of age and other shared risk factors, arterial stiffness is inversely related to cortical bone area in women. The sex-specific signaling and molecular pathways that putatively underlie the cross-talk between central arteries and bone are not completely understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Giallauria
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, (Italy)
| | - Shari M. Ling
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
| | - Catherine Schreiber
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
| | - Marcello Maggio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma (Italy)
| | - Veena Shetty
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
| | - Denis Muller
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
| | - Carlo Vigorito
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, (Italy)
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Clinical Research Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
| | - Samer S. Najjar
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland (USA)
- Medstar Health Research Institute, Washington Hospital Center, Washington DC, (USA)
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Salari P, Abdollahi M. A Comprehensive Review of the Shared Roles of Inflammatory Cytokines in Osteoporosis and Cardiovascular Diseases as Two Common Old People Problem; Actions Toward Development of New Drugs. INT J PHARMACOL 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2011.552.567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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den Uyl D, Nurmohamed MT, van Tuyl LH, Raterman HG, Lems WF. (Sub)clinical cardiovascular disease is associated with increased bone loss and fracture risk; a systematic review of the association between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Arthritis Res Ther 2011; 13:R5. [PMID: 21241491 PMCID: PMC3241350 DOI: 10.1186/ar3224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2010] [Revised: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Both cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis are important causes of morbidity and mortality in the elderly. The co-occurrence of cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis prompted us to review the evidence of an association between cardiovascular (CV) disease and osteoporosis and potential shared common pathophysiological mechanisms. Methods A systematic literature search (Medline, Pubmed and Embase) was conducted to identify all clinical studies that investigated the association between cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Relevant studies were screened for quality according to guidelines as proposed by the Dutch Cochrane Centre and evidence was summarized. Results Seventy studies were included in this review. Due to a large heterogeneity in study population, design and outcome measures a formal meta-analysis was not possible. Six of the highest ranked studies (mean n = 2,000) showed that individuals with prevalent subclinical CV disease had higher risk for increased bone loss and fractures during follow-up compared to persons without CV disease (range of reported risk: hazard ratio (HR) 1.5; odds ratio (OR) 2.3 to 3.0). The largest study (n = 31,936) reported a more than four times higher risk in women and more than six times higher risk in men. There is moderate evidence that individuals with low bone mass had higher CV mortality rates and incident CV events than subjects with normal bone mass (risk rates 1.2 to 1.4). Although the shared common pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully elucidated, the most important factors that might explain this association appear to be, besides age, estrogen deficiency and inflammation. Conclusions The current evidence indicates that individuals with prevalent subclinical CV disease are at increased risk for bone loss and subsequent fractures. Presently no firm conclusions can be drawn as to what extent low bone mineral density might be associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debby den Uyl
- Department of Rheumatology, VU Medical Centre, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 NV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Eastell R, Newman C, Crossman DC. Cardiovascular disease and bone. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 503:78-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 06/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Tarakida A, Iino K, Abe K, Taniguchi R, Higuchi T, Mizunuma H, Nakaji S. Hypercholesterolemia accelerates bone loss in postmenopausal women. Climacteric 2010; 14:105-11. [PMID: 20839957 DOI: 10.3109/13697137.2010.507888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clarify the effect of lipid profiles on postmenopausal bone loss using a longitudinal method and to determine whether cytokines are involved in bone loss. METHODS The subjects were Japanese residents participating in the Iwaki Health Promotion Projects. Women with one or more of the following factors were excluded: a history of surgical menopause, current or past users of bisphosphonates or current user of other drugs known to influence bone and lipid metabolism, and current medication for diabetes or hypertension. Consequently, 99 postmenopausal women (61.2 ± 7.7 years old) and 85 premenopausal women (41.2 ± 8.6 years old) were selected for this study. The osteo-sono-assessment index (OSI) of the left calcaneal bone was obtained twice at 1-year intervals and the annual percentage change in OSI was calculated. Serum total cholesterol, high and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, homocysteine and cytokines such as adipocytokines, interleukins and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured. Postmenopausal women were grouped into three groups according to their basal cholesterol level, and the relationship between basal cholesterol level and annual change in OSI was studied. RESULTS The annual percentage change in OSI in postmenopausal women with a serum total cholesterol level ≥240 mg/dl was significantly higher compared to those with a normal total cholesterol level, suggesting that hypercholesterolemia accelerates postmenopausal bone loss. No significant differences were seen in any of the cytokines that presumably cause bone resorption. CONCLUSION These results showed that hypercholesterolemia has an inverse effect on bone loss independent of cytokines presumed to mediate bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Tarakida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
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Ikeda Y, Sudo A, Yamada T, Uchida A. Mortality after vertebral fractures in a Japanese population. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2010; 18:148-52. [PMID: 20808003 DOI: 10.1177/230949901001800204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the association between vertebral fractures and mortality. METHODS 419 women and 210 men aged 60 to 98 (mean, 73) years participated in an osteoporosis screening exercise. Patient age, gender, comorbidity, lumbar pain, smoking, and alcohol consumption were recorded, as were the number of vertebral fractures and bone mineral density. Vertebral fractures were evaluated using lateral radiographs and quantitative morphometry. Anterior, central, and posterior vertebral heights were measured; vertebral fractures were defined as a decrease of more than or equal to 20% in any of these heights. RESULTS 131 (21%) of the participants had vertebral fractures. At the 10-year follow-up, 121 (19%) of the participants (55 men and 66 women) had died; 43 of them had vertebral fractures and 78 did not. The respective 10-year survival rates for participants with and without vertebral fractures were 69% and 86% (p<0.0001). The survival rate was lower in those with greater number of vertebral fractures (76% for those with one or 2 fractures and 50% for those with 3 fractures or more). Multiple regression analysis showed that advanced age (p<0.0001), male gender (p=0.003), and presence of vertebral fractures (p=0.013) correlated significantly with survival. CONCLUSION The presence and number of vertebral fractures were associated with mortality. Prevention of vertebral fractures may be important for improving the prognosis of patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzo Ikeda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Sumino H, Ichikawa S, Kasama S, Takahashi T, Sakamoto H, Koizumi A, Kanai H, Araki Y, Itoh T, Iwasaki T, Sawada Y, Saito Y, Kumakura H, Takayama Y, Kanda T, Murakami M, Sakamaki T, Kurabayashi M. Effects of Raloxifene on Brachial Arterial Endothelial Function, Carotid Wall Thickness, and Arterial Stiffness in Osteoporotic Postmenopausal Women. Int Heart J 2010; 51:60-7. [DOI: 10.1536/ihj.51.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sumino
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare
| | - Shuichi Ichikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Shu Kasama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | | | - Hironosuke Sakamoto
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare
| | - Akira Koizumi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kanai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Araki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Toshio Itoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Toshiya Iwasaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Yoshie Sawada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Yuichiro Saito
- Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hisao Kumakura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Takayama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan
| | | | - Masami Murakami
- Departments of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Sakamaki
- Medical Informatics and Decision Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Medicine and Biological Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
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Bone mineral density, arterial stiffness, and coronary atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women. Menopause 2009; 16:937-43. [PMID: 19387416 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181a15552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD), arterial stiffness, and coronary atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of 152 postmenopausal women who visited the health promotion center for a routine checkup, after excluding participants who had factors affecting BMD and coronary artery disease. BMD was evaluated by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine and femur. Arterial stiffness was measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and coronary atherosclerosis was assessed by 64-row multidetector computed tomography. RESULTS Women with osteoporosis had a significantly higher baPWV than those in the osteopenia and normal BMD groups. Higher baPWV was also associated with the presence of atherosclerosis. The baPWV was significantly positively correlated with age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and negatively correlated with femur BMD. The optimum predictive value of baPWV in coronary atherosclerosis was estimated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. A cutoff of 1,506 cm/second would give a sensitivity of 83.3% and specificity of 82.9%. A higher overall risk for coronary atherosclerosis emerges with higher baPWV levels (>1,500 cm/s) after controlling for age and cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Arterial stiffness by measuring baPWV can be a useful independent predictor for coronary atherosclerosis. In addition, our results suggest that postmenopausal women with osteoporosis should be considered for further evaluation of coronary atherosclerosis.
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Benetos A, Zervoudaki A, Kearney-Schwartz A, Perret-Guillaume C, Pascal-Vigneron V, Lacolley P, Labat C, Weryha G. Effects of lean and fat mass on bone mineral density and arterial stiffness in elderly men. Osteoporos Int 2009; 20:1385-91. [PMID: 19052830 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-008-0807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY The role of body composition on arterial stiffness and osteoporosis remains unclear, especially in the elderly male population. Our results indicate that elderly men with high lean mass and low fat mass exhibit the best arterial and bone profile with the lowest arterial stiffness and the highest bone mineral density. INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fat and lean mass on both arterial stiffness and bone mass density (BMD) in elderly men. METHODS This study was performed in 169 French males over 60 years old. Aortic stiffness was assessed by carotid/femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). BMD and body composition were determined with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device in the lumbar spine L1-L4, femoral neck, and total body. RESULTS Lean mass was positively correlated with the three T scores accounting for 11.6%, 26.6%, and 12.2% of the variability in the lumbar spine L1-L4, femoral neck, and total body BMD T scores, respectively. Fat mass had no effect on BMD. However, fat mass was positively correlated with aortic PWV, accounting for 9.8% of its variability. Lean mass was not a determinant of PWV. Hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were associated with higher PWV but had no effect on BMD. CONCLUSIONS In males from a general population over 60 years of age, bone and arterial aging are differently influenced by lean and fat mass. Our results indicate that elderly men with high lean mass and low fat mass exhibit the best arterial and bone profile with the lowest arterial stiffness and the highest BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benetos
- Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Brabois Hospital, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France.
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Mikumo M, Okano H, Yoshikata R, Ishitani K, Ohta H. Association between lumbar bone mineral density and vascular stiffness as assessed by pulse wave velocity in postmenopausal women. J Bone Miner Metab 2009; 27:89-94. [PMID: 19057840 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-008-0014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2008] [Accepted: 04/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have showed a significant correlation between vascular calcification and bone mineral density (BMD). Therefore, an investigation was carried out on the association between arterial stiffness, lumbar BMD and bone metabolic markers in Japanese postmenopausal women. Brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) and BMD of the lumbar spine and serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) levels in 143 postmenopausal women were measured, where there was a significant negative correlation between baPWV and BMD (r = -0.21; P = 0.0135). An additional analysis included the remaining 75 subjects, but excluded subjects with hypertension and obesity. Here, a more negative correlation between baPWV and BMD (r = -0.315; P = 0.006), and a positive correlation between baPWV and BAP (r = 0.248; P = 0.032) were also significant. A group analysis, where the women were age matched and stratified into three groups of different bone density, i.e., normal BMD, osteopenic and osteoporotic, were further made. This showed lower PWV values in the normal BMD group than in the other two groups. A study also showed that the tertile with the highest BAP was associated with significantly higher PWV values than the other tertiles. However, when the multiple linear regression analysis was carried out, there was no correlation between PWV and BAP values. Low BMD and arterial stiffness show some correlation, suggesting that BAP may reflect the degree of arterial stiffness present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Mikumo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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Park JH, Omi N, Iemitsu M, Maeda S, Kitajima A, Nosaka T, Ezawa I. Relationship between arterial calcification and bone loss in a new combined model rat by ovariectomy and vitamin D(3) plus nicotine. Calcif Tissue Int 2008; 83:192-201. [PMID: 18758843 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-008-9162-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have reported an association between arterial calcification and bone loss after menopause. However, the underlying mechanism of the association remains unclear. Therefore, to explore the possible mechanisms of the association, we tried to develop a new combined model rat of ovariectomy (OVX, an animal model of osteoporosis) and vitamin D(3) plus nicotine (VDN rat, an animal model of arterial calcification). We tested them by using sham-operated control rats (SC), OVX control rats (OC), and OVX plus VDN-treated rats (OVN). Dissections were performed twice at 4 (4SC, 4OC, and 4OVN) and 8 (8SC, 8OC, and 8OVN) weeks after treatment. 8OVN showed bone loss and arterial calcification, although 8OC showed only bone loss. Moreover, arterial calcium content was associated with indexes of bone loss at 8 weeks. Thus, the OVN rat is considered a good model to examine the relationship of the two disorders after menopause. Additionally, the arterial endothelin-1 (ET-1, a potent regulator of arterial calcification) levels increased in both 4OVN and 8OVN, and the level was associated with arterial calcium content at 8 weeks. Furthermore, the arterial endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein, which is an enzyme that produces nitric oxide (an antiatherosclerotic substance), was significantly reduced in only 8OVN. Estrogens affect the alterations of the eNOS and ET-1 proteins. Therefore, we suggest that impairment of the ET-1- and NO-producing system in arterial tissue during periods of rapid bone loss by estrogen deficiency might be a mechanism of the relationship between the two disorders seen in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hoon Park
- Institute of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan
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Frost ML, Grella R, Millasseau SC, Jiang BY, Hampson G, Fogelman I, Chowienczyk PJ. Relationship of calcification of atherosclerotic plaque and arterial stiffness to bone mineral density and osteoprotegerin in postmenopausal women referred for osteoporosis screening. Calcif Tissue Int 2008; 83:112-20. [PMID: 18612580 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-008-9153-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 06/01/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Arterial calcification leading to increased arterial stiffness, a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease, may underlie the association of osteoporosis with cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. Osteoprotegerin (OPG), an indirect inhibitor of osteoclastogenesis, may be involved in arterial calcification. We examined relationships between calcification of subclinical atherosclerotic plaque and arterial stiffness with bone mineral density (BMD) and OPG in a group of 54 postmenopausal women referred for routine osteoporosis screening by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometric scanning of the lumbar spine and hip. Presence of calcified and noncalcified plaque in carotid and femoral arteries was examined using ultrasonography. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of arterial stiffness, was determined by sequential tonometry over the carotid and femoral region. Fifty-nine percent of osteoporotic women had calcified (echogenic) plaque at one or more sites compared with 42% and 20% for women with osteopenia and normal BMD, respectively (P = 0.04). There was a significant negative correlation between PWV and hip BMD (r = -0.35, P = 0.01), which remained significant when age, mean arterial pressure, and serum lipids were taken into account (P = 0.05). No significant relationships were observed between serum concentrations of OPG and lumbar spine or total hip BMD or with the number of arterial sites with calcified or noncalcified plaque. However, there was a strong correlation between OPG and PWV (r = 0.44, P = 0.001), which remained significant when adjusted for age (P = 0.01). These findings suggest that decreased BMD is associated with arterial calcification and stiffening and raise the possibility that OPG is a marker of arterial stiffening, independent of any association with BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Frost
- Osteoporosis Screening and Research Unit, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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Mangiafico RA, Alagona C, Pennisi P, Parisi N, Mangiafico M, Purrello F, Fiore CE. Increased augmentation index and central aortic blood pressure in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int 2008; 19:49-56. [PMID: 17676381 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-007-0438-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Osteoporosis has been associated with cardiovascular disease. We found increased augmentation index, a measure of wave reflections and arterial stiffness, and central pressures in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. They also showed a higher estimated aortic pulse wave velocity, indicating a stiffer aorta. These changes may increase cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal osteoporosis. INTRODUCTION Evidence suggests a link between osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether augmentation index (AIx), a measure of pulse wave reflections and arterial stiffness, is increased and related to the osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) system in postmenopausal osteoporosis. METHODS AIx and central aortic haemodynamics were assessed using pulse wave analysis in 182 cardiovascular disease-free osteoporotic postmenopausal women and in 160 controls. Statistical analysis was performed by unpaired t test, Mann-Whitney test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS AIx (37.2 +/- 7.0 vs. 29.6 +/- 9.2 %, P < 0.0001) and central aortic systolic (117.5 +/- 12.1 vs. 111.4 +/- 12.2 mmHg, P < 0.0001) and pulse (40.5 +/- 10.3 vs. 36.4 +/- 8.1 mmHg, P = 0.0007) pressures were significantly higher in osteoporotic patients than in controls. The estimated aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was also significantly higher in the osteoporotic group. In multivariate analysis for osteoporotic patients, femoral neck and lumbar spine bone mineral density T scores were independent negative predictors of AIx (P < 0.0001). AIx was not correlated with serum levels of OPG and RANKL. CONCLUSIONS Osteoporotic postmenopausal women show increased AIx and central aortic pressures, and a higher estimated aortic PWV, indicating a stiffer aorta. Such alterations may increase cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Mangiafico
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Park JH, Omi N, Nosaka T, Kitajima A, Ezawa I. Estrogen deficiency and low-calcium diet increased bone loss and urinary calcium excretion but did not alter arterial stiffness in young female rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2008; 26:218-25. [PMID: 18470661 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-007-0822-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/26/2007] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Many epidemiological studies have reported that the severity of arterial diseases such as arterial calcification and stiffness is inversely related to bone loss, i.e., osteoporosis. However, the nature of this relationship is unclear. The purpose of the present study was to examine the influences of estrogen deficiency and/or low-calcium diet (0.1% Ca) on bone metabolism and calcium balance, as well as aortic wall composition and stiffness in young female rats. Twenty-eight 6-week-old female rats were randomized into four groups: OVX-Low calcium (OL) and OVX-Normal calcium groups (ON) were ovariectomized, and Sham-Low calcium (SL) and Sham-Normal calcium groups (SN) were sham-operated. After 12 weeks, the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and tibial proximal metaphysis were significantly lower in ON than in SN, and also significantly lower in OL than in ON. Additionally, OL rats had significant higher (vs. SN and SL) urinary deoxypyridinoline, but not urinary calcium, excretion at 4 weeks after ovariectomy. However, at 12 weeks after ovariectomy, urinary calcium excretion was significantly higher in OL than in SL, with corresponding increases in two bone turnover markers, bone-type alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. Neither estrogen deficiency nor low-calcium diet affected aortic stiffness or elastin degeneration and calcium deposition over the course of the present study, although changes of bone metabolism occurred rapidly. Taken together, these results show that bone loss and arterial stiffness did not progress simultaneously in the present experimental protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hoon Park
- Department of Exercise Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8574, Japan
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Brown DL, Morgenstern LB, Majersik JJ, Kleerekoper M, Lisabeth LD. Risk of fractures after stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 2007; 25:95-9. [PMID: 18057878 DOI: 10.1159/000111997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the risk of fractures after stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) in relatively young patients. METHODS Administrative claims data were identified for patients aged 18 years and older hospitalized for stroke/TIA from 1997 to 2005 using ICD-9 codes. Fractures after stroke/TIA were identified for the same time period. RESULTS The median age was 56 years. Females represented 47%. There were 411 ischemic strokes, 195 TIAs and 36 intracerebral hemorrhages, as well as 46 fractures in 41 individuals. The risk of fracture after stroke/TIA was 1.2% at 30 days and 3.1% at 1 year. There was no significant difference in survival free from fracture between ischemic stroke and TIA cases (p = 0.8489). CONCLUSIONS Patients with stroke/TIA, including men and younger patients, appear to be at risk for bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin L Brown
- Stroke Program, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that the several components of the cardiometabolic syndrome such as hypertension, increased triglycerides, and reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are also risk factors for low bone mineral density. Furthermore, some of the underlying risk factors for atherosclerosis in the cardiometabolic syndrome, such as inflammation, also play a major role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, the most common metabolic bone disease. In this article for the premiere issue of the Journal of the CardioMetabolic Syndrome, the author presents the current evidence of the interaction of bone metabolism and the cardiometabolic syndrome, highlighting the major research in this area and discussing the potential of therapeutic agents that will be useful in the treatment of osteoporosis as well as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy I McFarlane
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, SUNY-Downstate and Kings County Hospital Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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Golledge J, Van Campenhout A, Pal S, Rush C. Bone marrow-derived cells and arterial disease. J Vasc Surg 2007; 46:590-600. [PMID: 17826253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2007.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 04/07/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the association between bone and artery disease, with particular relevance to progenitor cells. The review was based on insight gained by analysis of previous publications and on-going work by the authors. A large number of studies have demonstrated a correlation between bone pathology, particularly osteoporosis, and atherosclerosis. In this review we highlight the particular aspect of bone marrow progenitor cells in the bone-artery link. Progenitor cells, primarily those believed to give rise to endothelial cells, have been inversely correlated with atherosclerosis severity and risk factors. Therapeutic approaches aimed at manipulating progenitor cells in revascularization and vascular repair have demonstrated some promising results. Subtypes of progenitor cells have also been linked with vascular pathology, however, and further studies are required to assess relative beneficial and pathologic effects of bone marrow-derived progenitors. Further understanding of the link between bone and artery pathophysiology is likely to be of significant value in developing new therapies for vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Golledge
- Vascular Biology Unit, School of Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia.
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Yoshii S, Kamimotono S, Sawai S, Matsushita MB, Tanaka F, Rujkorakarn D. Cross-sectional survey on the relationship between dairy product intake and bone density among adult women and high school students. Nutr Res 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Farhat GN, Newman AB, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Matthews KA, Boudreau R, Schwartz AV, Harris T, Tylavsky F, Visser M, Cauley JA. The association of bone mineral density measures with incident cardiovascular disease in older adults. Osteoporos Int 2007; 18:999-1008. [PMID: 17285350 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-007-0338-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The associations of volumetric and areal bone mineral density (BMD) measures with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) were studied in a biracial cohort of 2,310 older adults. BMD measures were inversely related to CVD in women and white men, independent of age and shared risk factors for osteoporosis and CVD. INTRODUCTION We investigated the associations of volumetric (vBMD) and areal (aBMD) bone mineral density measures with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older adults enrolled in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition study. METHODS The incidence of CVD was ascertained in 2,310 well-functioning white and black participants (42% black; 55% women), aged 68-80 years. aBMD measures of the hip were assessed using DXA. Spine trabecular, integral, and cortical vBMD measures were obtained using QCT. RESULTS During an average follow-up of 5.4 years, 23% of men and 14% of women had incident CVD. Spine vBMD measures were inversely associated with incident CVD in white men [HR(integral)=1.39, 95% CI 1.03-1.87; HR(cortical)=1.38, 95% CI 1.03-1.84], but not in black men. In women, aBMD measures of the total hip (HR = 1.36, 95% CI 1.03-1.78), femoral neck (HR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.10-1.90), and trochanter (HR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.04-1.72) exhibited significant associations with CVD in blacks, but not in whites. All associations were independent of age and shared risk factors between osteoporosis and CVD, and were not explained by inflammatory cytokines or oxidized LDL. CONCLUSION Our results provide support for an inverse association between BMD and incident CVD. Further research should elucidate possible pathophysiological mechanisms linking osteoporosis and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G N Farhat
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
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Tintut Y, Demer L. Role of osteoprotegerin and its ligands and competing receptors in atherosclerotic calcification. J Investig Med 2007; 54:395-401. [PMID: 17169261 DOI: 10.2310/6650.2006.06019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Vascular calcification significantly impairs cardiovascular physiology, and its mechanism is under investigation. Many of the same factors that modulate bone osteogenesis, including cytokines, hormones, and lipids, also modulate vascular calcification, acting through many of the same transcription factors. In some cases, such as for lipids and cytokines, the net effect on calcification is positive in the artery wall and negative in bone. The mechanism for this reciprocal relation is not established. A recent series of reports points to the possibility that two bone regulatory factors, receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) and its soluble decoy receptor, osteoprotegerin (OPG), govern vascular calcification and may explain the phenomenon. Both RANKL and OPG are widely accepted as the final common pathway for most factors and processes affecting bone resorption. Binding of RANKL to its cognate receptor RANK induces NF-kappaB signaling, which stimulates osteoclastic differentiation in preosteoclasts and induces bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) expression in chondrocytes. A role for RANKL and its receptors in vascular calcification is spported by several findings: a vascular calcification phenotype in mice genetically deficient in OPG; an increase in expression of RANKL, and a decrease in expression of OPG, in calcified arteries; clinical associations between coronary disease and serum OPG and RANKL levels; and RANKL induction of calcification and osteoblastic differentiation in valvular myofibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Tintut
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angels, CA, USA
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Sumino H, Ichikawa S, Kasama S, Takahashi T, Sakamoto H, Kumakura H, Takayama Y, Kanda T, Murakami M, Kurabayashi M. Relationship Between Brachial Arterial Endothelial Function and Lumbar Spine Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women. Circ J 2007; 71:1555-9. [PMID: 17895551 DOI: 10.1253/circj.71.1555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and endothelial dysfunction have been associated with atherosclerosis. The correlation between brachial arterial endothelial function and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women will be investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS The endothelial function in 85 postmenopausal women, including 28 women with normal spinal BMD, 27 women with osteopenia, and 30 women with osteoporosis were studied. Brachial arterial flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) after reactive hyperemia was assessed by ultrasonography. The BMD at the lumbar spine (lumbar 2 to 4 vertebrae) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Age, years since menopause, and FMD were significantly greater in the osteoporosis group than in the normal BMD group (p<0.01, p<0.05, and p<0.05, respectively). The BMD was significantly lower in the osteoporosis group than in the osteoporosis or normal BMD group (both p<0.01). After adjusting for age and years since menopause, women with osteoporosis had significantly lesser FMD than those with normal BMD (p<0.05). The univariate linear regression analysis revealed that brachial arterial FMD was significantly positively correlated with BMD (r=0.31, p<0.01), but showed no significant association with other clinical variables. In multivariate regression analysis, the FMD was significantly positively correlated with BMD (p<0.01), but not with other variables. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women with osteoporosis might have impaired brachial arterial endothelial function, suggesting that brachial artery endothelial function might be associated with lumbar spine bone mass in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Sumino
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan.
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