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Guimarães GC, Coelho JBC, Silva JGO, de Sant'Ana ACC, de Sá CAC, Moreno JM, Reis LM, de Oliveira Guimarães CS. Obesity, diabetes and risk of bone fragility: How BMAT behavior is affected by metabolic disturbances and its influence on bone health. Osteoporos Int 2024; 35:575-588. [PMID: 38055051 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06991-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by decreased bone strength and mass, which predisposes patients to fractures and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Like osteoporosis, obesity and diabetes are systemic metabolic diseases associated with modifiable risk factors and lifestyle, and their prevalence is increasing. They are related to decreased quality of life, functional loss and increased mortality, generating high costs for health systems and representing a worldwide public health problem. Growing evidence reinforces the role of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) as an influential factor in the bone microenvironment and systemic metabolism. Given the impact of obesity and diabetes on metabolism and their possible effect on the bone microenvironment, changes in BMAT behavior may explain the risk of developing osteoporosis in the presence of these comorbidities. METHODS This study reviewed the scientific literature on the behavior of BMAT in pathological metabolic conditions, such as obesity and diabetes, and its potential involvement in the pathogenesis of bone fragility. RESULTS Published data strongly suggest a relationship between increased BMAT adiposity and the risk of bone fragility in the context of obesity and diabetes. CONCLUSION By secreting a broad range of factors, BMAT modulates the bone microenvironment and metabolism, ultimately affecting skeletal health. A better understanding of the relationship between BMAT expansion and metabolic disturbances observed in diabetic and obese patients will help to identify regulatory pathways and new targets for the treatment of bone-related diseases, with BMAT as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - João Bosco Costa Coelho
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Júlia Marques Moreno
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia Marçal Reis
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila Souza de Oliveira Guimarães
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Câmpus Universitário, Caixa Postal 3037, CEP 37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
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Marchasson G, Philippoteaux C, Legroux-Gérot I, Hélène B, Cortet B, Paccou J. Bone mineral density T-scores comparison between obese and non-obese individuals included in a Fracture Liaison Service following a recent fragility fracture. Arch Osteoporos 2024; 19:20. [PMID: 38520592 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-024-01379-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
We used data from a Fracture Liaison Service to compare the mean T-scores of obese and non-obese patients after a recent fragility fracture. After adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes mellitus, T-score values were significantly higher at all measurement sites in obese patients, with a mean difference of 1 SD. PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the mean T-scores of obese and non-obese patients after recent fragility fractures. METHODS Over a period of 5 and a half years, from January 2016 to May 2021, patients from a fracture liaison service were identified and their demographic characteristics, osteoporosis risk factors, BMD T-scores, and fracture sites were compared between obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and non-obese (19 kg/m2 < BMI < 30 kg/m2) patients. RESULTS A total of 712 patients were included (80.1% women; mean age 73.8 ± 11.3 years). Sixteen % had type 2 diabetes mellitus and 80% had a major osteoporotic fracture (MOF). 135 patients were obese and 577 non-obese, with obese patients younger (p < 0.001) and more frequently female (p = 0.03). Obese patients presented with fewer hip fractures (10% vs. 21%, p = 0.003) and more proximal humerus fractures (16% vs. 7%, p < 0.001) than non-obese patients. After adjusting for age, sex, and diabetes mellitus, BMD T-score values were significantly higher at all measurement sites (lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck) in obese patients than in non-obese patients for all types of fractures, with a mean difference of 1 standard deviation (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). The same results were observed in the population limited to MOF. CONCLUSIONS Given the crucial role of BMD T-score in determining the need for anti-osteoporotic medication following fragility fractures, it is reasonable to question the existing T-score thresholds in obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauthier Marchasson
- Department of Rheumatology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Cécile Philippoteaux
- Department of Rheumatology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, Lille University Hospital, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Legroux-Gérot
- Department of Rheumatology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, MABlab ULR 4490, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Béhal Hélène
- Department of Biostatistics, CHU Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Bernard Cortet
- Department of Rheumatology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, MABlab ULR 4490, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Julien Paccou
- Department of Rheumatology, Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, MABlab ULR 4490, 59000, Lille, France.
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Seal A, Hughes M, Wei F, Pugazhendhi AS, Ngo C, Ruiz J, Schwartzman JD, Coathup MJ. Sphingolipid-Induced Bone Regulation and Its Emerging Role in Dysfunction Due to Disease and Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3024. [PMID: 38474268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25053024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The human skeleton is a metabolically active system that is constantly regenerating via the tightly regulated and highly coordinated processes of bone resorption and formation. Emerging evidence reveals fascinating new insights into the role of sphingolipids, including sphingomyelin, sphingosine, ceramide, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, in bone homeostasis. Sphingolipids are a major class of highly bioactive lipids able to activate distinct protein targets including, lipases, phosphatases, and kinases, thereby conferring distinct cellular functions beyond energy metabolism. Lipids are known to contribute to the progression of chronic inflammation, and notably, an increase in bone marrow adiposity parallel to elevated bone loss is observed in most pathological bone conditions, including aging, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and osteomyelitis. Of the numerous classes of lipids that form, sphingolipids are considered among the most deleterious. This review highlights the important primary role of sphingolipids in bone homeostasis and how dysregulation of these bioactive metabolites appears central to many chronic bone-related diseases. Further, their contribution to the invasion, virulence, and colonization of both viral and bacterial host cell infections is also discussed. Many unmet clinical needs remain, and data to date suggest the future use of sphingolipid-targeted therapy to regulate bone dysfunction due to a variety of diseases or infection are highly promising. However, deciphering the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of this diverse and extremely complex sphingolipidome, both in terms of bone health and disease, is considered the next frontier in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouska Seal
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Megan Hughes
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Fei Wei
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Abinaya S Pugazhendhi
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Christopher Ngo
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Jonathan Ruiz
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | | | - Melanie J Coathup
- Biionix Cluster, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
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Li HL, Shen Y, Tan LH, Fu SB, Guan CH, Zhen DH, Lv HH, Wu XY, Tang XL. Association between BMI and osteoporotic fractures at different sites in Chinese women: a case-control retrospective study in Changsha. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:187. [PMID: 38424521 PMCID: PMC10903060 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07271-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporotic fractures are a growing problem in an aging society. The association between body mass index (BMI) and osteoporotic fractures varies by fracture site and ethnicity. Limited knowledge exists regarding this association in native Chinese, particularly utilizing local databases as reference sources. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between BMI and osteoporotic fractures at different sites in Chinese women. METHODS Three thousand ninety-eight female patients with radiographic fractures and 3098 age- and sex-matched healthy controls without fractures were included in the study. Both of them underwent assessment using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), with BMD measurements calculated using our own BMD reference database. Participants were classified into underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24.0 kg/m2), overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2) according to the Chinese BMI classification standard. RESULTS There were 2296 (74.1%) vertebral fractures, 374 (12.1%) femoral neck fractures, and 428 (13.8%) other types of fractures in the case group. Bone mineral density (BMD) was almost lower in the fracture groups compared to the control groups (p = 0.048 to < 0.001). Compared with normal weight, underweight had a protective effect on total [odds ratio (OR) = 0.61; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49 -0.75; P< 0.001], and lumbar fractures (OR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41 - 0.67; P < 0.001), while obesity was associated with an increased risk for total (OR = 2.26; 95% CI, 1.85 - 2.76; P < 0.001), lumbar (OR = 2.17; 95% CI, 1.72 - 2.73; P < 0.001), and femoral neck fractures (OR = 4.08; 95% CI, 2.18 - 7.63; P < 0.001). Non-linear associations were observed between BMI and fractures: A J-curve for total, lumbar, and femoral neck fractures, and no statistical change for other types of fractures. Underweight was found to be a risk factor for other types of fracturess after adjusting for BMD (OR = 2.29; 95% CI, 1.09 - 4.80; P < 0.001). Osteoporosis and osteopenia were identified as risk factors for almost all sites of fracture when compared to normal bone mass. CONCLUSIONS Underweight has a protective effect on total and lumbar spine fractures in Chinese women, while obesity poses a risk factor for total, lumbar, and femoral neck fractures. The effect of BMI on fractures may be mainly mediated by BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 DongGang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Song-Bo Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 DongGang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Cong-Hui Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 DongGang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Dong-Hu Zhen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 DongGang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Hai-Hong Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 DongGang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China
| | - Xi-Yu Wu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China.
| | - Xu-Lei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, No.1 DongGang West Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, PR China.
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Moscatelli F, Monda A, Messina G, Picciocchi E, Monda M, Di Padova M, Monda V, Mezzogiorno A, Dipace A, Limone P, Messina A, Polito R. Exploring the Interplay between Bone Marrow Stem Cells and Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2715. [PMID: 38473961 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a complex disorder with rising global prevalence, is a chronic, inflammatory, and multifactorial disease and it is characterized by excessive adipose tissue accumulation and associated comorbidities. Adipose tissue (AT) is an extremely diverse organ. The composition, structure, and functionality of AT are significantly influenced by characteristics specific to everyone, in addition to the variability connected to various tissue types and its location-related heterogeneity. Recent investigation has shed light on the intricate relationship between bone marrow stem cells and obesity, revealing potential mechanisms that contribute to the development and consequences of this condition. Mesenchymal stem cells within the bone marrow, known for their multipotent differentiation capabilities, play a pivotal role in adipogenesis, the process of fat cell formation. In the context of obesity, alterations in the bone marrow microenvironment may influence the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards adipocytes, impacting overall fat storage and metabolic balance. Moreover, bone marrow's role as a crucial component of the immune system adds another layer of complexity to the obesity-bone marrow interplay. This narrative review summarizes the current research findings on the connection between bone marrow stem cells and obesity, highlighting the multifaceted roles of bone marrow in adipogenesis and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiorenzo Moscatelli
- Department of Wellbeing, Nutrition and Sport, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Picciocchi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marilena Di Padova
- Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Exercise Sciences and Well-Being, University of Naples "Parthenope", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Mezzogiorno
- Department of Mental Health, Fisics and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Dipace
- Department of Wellbeing, Nutrition and Sport, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Limone
- Department of Wellbeing, Nutrition and Sport, Pegaso Telematic University, 80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Polito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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Jadzic J, Andjelic U, Milovanovic P, Zivkovic V, Nikolic S, Djonic D, Djuric M. Improved femoral micro-architecture in adult male individuals with overweight: fracture resistance due to regional specificities. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024; 48:202-208. [PMID: 37770573 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-023-01389-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is still unclear whether femoral fracture risk is positively or negatively altered in individuals with overweight. Considering the lack of studies including men with overweight, this study aimed to analyze regional specificities in mechano-structural femoral properties (femoral neck and intertrochanteric region) in adult male cadavers with overweight compared to their normal-weight age-matched counterparts. METHODS Ex-vivo osteodensitometry, micro-computed tomography, and Vickers micro-indentation testing were performed on femoral samples taken from 30 adult male cadavers, divided into the group with overweight (BMI between 25 and 30 kg/m2; n = 14; age:55 ± 16 years) and control group (BMI between 18.5 and 25 kg/m2; n = 16; age:51 ± 18 years). RESULTS Better quality of trabecular and cortical microstructure in the inferomedial (higher trabecular bone volume fraction, trabecular thickness, and cortical thickness, coupled with reduced cortical pore diameter, p < 0.05) and superolateral femoral neck (higher trabecular number and tendency to lower cortical porosity, p = 0.043, p = 0.053, respectively) was noted in men with overweight compared to controls. Additionally, the intertrochanteric region of men with overweight had more numerous and denser trabeculae, coupled with a thicker and less porous cortex (p < 0.05). Still, substantial overweight-induced change in femoral osteodensitometry parameters and Vickers micro-hardness was not demonstrated in assessed femoral subregions (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Despite the absence of significant changes in femoral osteodensitometry, individuals with overweight had better trabecular and cortical femoral micro-architecture implying higher femoral fracture resistance. However, the microhardness was not significantly favorable in the individuals who were overweight, indicating the necessity for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Jadzic
- Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uros Andjelic
- Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar Milovanovic
- Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slobodan Nikolic
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Djonic
- Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Djuric
- Center of Bone Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Jadzic J, Milovanovic P, Tomanovic N, Zivkovic V, Djukic D, Nikolic S, Djuric M, Djonic D. Micro-scale vertebral features in postmenopausal women with alcohol-associated and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: ex vivo bone quality analyses. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:131-140. [PMID: 37296370 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although epidemiological studies indicate increased fracture risk in women with alcohol-associated liver disease (AALD) and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), data about their micro-scale bone features are still limited. We aimed to characterize bone quality changes in the anterior mid-transverse part of the first lumbar vertebral body collected from 32 adult postmenopausal females. Based on pathohistological assessment of the liver tissue, individuals were divided into AALD (n = 13), MAFLD (n = 9), and control group (n = 10). METHODS We analyzed trabecular and cortical micro-architecture (using micro-computed tomography), bone mechanical properties (using Vickers microhardness tester), osteocyte lacunar network and bone marrow adiposity morphology (using optic microscopy). Data were adjusted to elude the covariant effects of advanced age and body mass index on our results. RESULTS Our data indicated a minor trend toward deteriorated bone quality in MAFLD women, presented in impaired trabecular and cortical micro-architectural integrity, which could be associated with bone marrow adiposity alterations noted in these women. Additionally, we observed a significant decline in micro-architectural, mechanical, and osteocyte lacunar features in lumbar vertebrae collected from the AALD group. Lastly, our data indicated that vertebral bone deterioration was more prominent in the AALD group than in the MAFLD group. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that MAFLD and AALD are factors that could play a part in compromised vertebral strength of postmenopausal women. Also, our data contribute to understanding the multifactorial nature of bone fragility in these patients and highlight the necessity for developing more effective patient-specific diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jadzic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - P Milovanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - N Tomanovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - V Zivkovic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade, Deligradska 31a, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Djukic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade, Deligradska 31a, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - S Nikolic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade, Deligradska 31a, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Djuric
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - D Djonic
- Faculty of Medicine, Center of Bone Biology, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 4/2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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Xiong MF, He P, Chen YH, Cao RR, Lei SF. The effect of a body shape index (ABSI) and its interaction with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on osteoporosis in elderly Chinese. J Orthop Sci 2024; 29:262-267. [PMID: 36550016 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) contribute to osteoporosis risk, but the effect of a newly developed index (e.g., a body shape index, ABSI) of central obesity and its interaction with low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on osteoporosis remains unknown. METHODS A total of 2534 Chinese individuals were enrolled in our ongoing cohort study: Osteoporosis Preventive Project. ABSI and eGFR were calculated as obesity-related indexes and renal function markers, respectively. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between osteoporosis and related clinical parameters (e.g., ABSI, eGFR), and to assess the additive and multiplicative interactions between risk factors and osteoporosis. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (SI) were calculated to assess the additive interaction. RESULTS High ABSI was significantly associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in participants compared with the lowest quartile of ABSI in both crude and adjusted models. Individuals in the lower quartiles of eGFR had a significantly increased risk of osteoporosis compared with those in the highest quartiles in crude models. After adding age and other variables in the model, the association was abolished. In addition, after adjusting for variables, high ABSI with low eGFR (RERI: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.15-0.75; AP: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.17-0.60) still displayed a noticeable interaction on the risk of osteoporosis. The multiplicative interactive effect between high ABSI with low eGFR on osteoporosis was statistically significant in the multivariable-adjusted model (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study indicated that higher ABSI increases the risk of osteoporosis independently and synergistically with low eGFR in Chinese elderly adults. The findings increase our understanding of the interactions of osteoporosis risk factors and may help provide potential interventions for osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Fei Xiong
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Pei He
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Yong-Hao Chen
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Rong-Rong Cao
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Shu-Feng Lei
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China.
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Sun A, Hu J, Wang S, Yin F, Liu Z. Association of the visceral adiposity index with femur bone mineral density and osteoporosis among the U.S. older adults from NHANES 2005-2020: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1231527. [PMID: 38027200 PMCID: PMC10653335 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1231527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a marker of abdominal fat distribution and adipose tissue function. However, the association between VAI and femur bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis is unclear among the U.S. older adults. Methods Cross-sectional data for adults aged 60 years and older from the 2007-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included. Multivariable linear and logistic regression were used to evaluate the association between VAI and femur BMD and osteoporosis. We used the smooth curve fitting to address nonlinearity. Moreover, a two-piecewise linear regression model was used to explain the nonlinearity further. Results The findings of the multivariable logistic regression models showed that as the VAI value increased by one unit, the prevalence of osteoporosis decreased by 1.2% after adjusting for covariates associated with osteoporosis. The multivariable linear regression models demonstrated that VAI was positively correlated with femur BMD. Further analysis revealed an inverted L-shaped and inverted U-shaped relationship between VAI and femur BMD at different sites. Conclusions Our findings indicated that an increased VAI is independently linked to a higher prevalence of osteoporosis among the U.S. older adults. Further analysis reveals that once VAI reaches a certain threshold, femur BMD no longer increases and may even decrease. This suggests that a moderate accumulation of visceral fat may be beneficial for bone health, while excessive visceral fat could potentially have detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aochuan Sun
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Hu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shushangzhi Wang
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Yin
- Graduate School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengtang Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Tencerova M, Duque G, Beekman KM, Corsi A, Geurts J, Bisschop PH, Paccou J. The Impact of Interventional Weight Loss on Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue in People Living with Obesity and Its Connection to Bone Metabolism. Nutrients 2023; 15:4601. [PMID: 37960254 PMCID: PMC10650495 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on providing physicians with insights into the complex relationship between bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone health, in the context of weight loss through caloric restriction or metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), in people living with obesity (PwO). We summarize the complex relationship between BMAT and bone health, provide an overview of noninvasive imaging techniques to quantify human BMAT, and discuss clinical studies measuring BMAT in PwO before and after weight loss. The relationship between BMAT and bone is subject to variations based on factors such as age, sex, menopausal status, skeletal sites, nutritional status, and metabolic conditions. The Bone Marrow Adiposity Society (BMAS) recommends standardizing imaging protocols to increase comparability across studies and sites, they have identified both water-fat imaging (WFI) and spectroscopy (1H-MRS) as accepted standards for in vivo quantification of BMAT. Clinical studies measuring BMAT in PwO are limited and have shown contradictory results. However, BMAT tends to be higher in patients with the highest visceral adiposity, and inverse associations between BMAT and bone mineral density (BMD) have been consistently found in PwO. Furthermore, BMAT levels tend to decrease after caloric restriction-induced weight loss. Although weight loss was associated with overall fat loss, a reduction in BMAT did not always follow the changes in fat volume in other tissues. The effects of MBS on BMAT are not consistent among the studies, which is at least partly related to the differences in the study population, skeletal site, and duration of the follow-up. Overall, gastric bypass appears to decrease BMAT, particularly in patients with diabetes and postmenopausal women, whereas sleeve gastrectomy appears to increase BMAT. More research is necessary to evaluate changes in BMAT and its connection to bone metabolism, either in PwO or in cases of weight loss through caloric restriction or MBS, to better understand the role of BMAT in this context and determine the local or systemic factors involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Tencerova
- Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, 14220 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada;
| | - Kerensa M. Beekman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jeroen Geurts
- Rheumatology, Department of Musculoskeletal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Peter H. Bisschop
- Department of Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
| | - Julien Paccou
- Department of Rheumatology, MABLab ULR 4490, CHU Lille, University Lille, 59000 Lille, France
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11
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Wells KV, Krackeler ML, Jathal MK, Parikh M, Ghosh PM, Leach JK, Genetos DC. Prostate cancer and bone: clinical presentation and molecular mechanisms. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:e220360. [PMID: 37226936 PMCID: PMC10696925 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is an increasingly prevalent health problem in the developed world. Effective treatment options exist for localized PCa, but metastatic PCa has fewer treatment options and shorter patient survival. PCa and bone health are strongly entwined, as PCa commonly metastasizes to the skeleton. Since androgen receptor signaling drives PCa growth, androgen-deprivation therapy whose sequelae reduce bone strength constitutes the foundation of advanced PCa treatment. The homeostatic process of bone remodeling - produced by concerted actions of bone-building osteoblasts, bone-resorbing osteoclasts, and regulatory osteocytes - may also be subverted by PCa to promote metastatic growth. Mechanisms driving skeletal development and homeostasis, such as regional hypoxia or matrix-embedded growth factors, may be subjugated by bone metastatic PCa. In this way, the biology that sustains bone is integrated into adaptive mechanisms for the growth and survival of PCa in bone. Skeletally metastatic PCa is difficult to investigate due to the entwined nature of bone biology and cancer biology. Herein, we survey PCa from origin, presentation, and clinical treatment to bone composition and structure and molecular mediators of PCa metastasis to bone. Our intent is to quickly yet effectively reduce barriers to team science across multiple disciplines that focuses on PCa and metastatic bone disease. We also introduce concepts of tissue engineering as a novel perspective to model, capture, and study complex cancer-microenvironment interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V Wells
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
| | - Margaret L Krackeler
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Maitreyee K Jathal
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, California, USA
| | - Mamta Parikh
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Paramita M Ghosh
- Veterans Affairs-Northern California Health System, Mather, California, USA
- Department of Urologic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Damian C Genetos
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology, University of California Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California, USA
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12
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Ormanji MS, Melo MVL, Meca R, Garcia ML, Anauate AC, Muñoz JJAM, Oyama LM, Nishi EE, Bergamaschi CT, Carvalho AB, Heilberg IP. Adipose Tissue Denervation Blunted the Decrease in Bone Formation Promoted by Obesity in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:3574. [PMID: 37630764 PMCID: PMC10458609 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of obesity upon bone metabolism is controversial since both beneficial or harmful effects have been reported. Bone remodeling is modulated by the central nervous system through cytokines, hormones and neuromodulators. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects evoked by bilateral retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) denervation (Dnx) upon bone mineral metabolism and remodeling in an experimental model of obesity in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed during 18 weeks with high-fat diet (HFD) or standard diet (SD) as controls, and rWAT Dnx or Sham surgery was performed at the 14th week. Biochemical and hormonal parameters, bone histomorphometry, rWAT and hypothalamus protein and gene expression were analyzed. The HFD group presented decreased bone formation parameters, increased serum and bone leptin and FGF23, increased serum and hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) and decreased serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and PTH. After rWAT Dnx, bone markers and histomorphometry showed restoration of bone formation, and serum and hypothalamic NPY decreased, without alteration in leptin levels. The present study shows that the denervation of rWAT improved bone formation in obese rats mediated by a preferential reduction in neurohormonal actions of NPY, emphasizing the relevance of the adipose tissue-brain-bone axis in the control of bone metabolism in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene Subtil Ormanji
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
| | - Maria Victória Lazarini Melo
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
| | - Renata Meca
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
| | - Michelle Louvaes Garcia
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.L.G.); (L.M.O.); (E.E.N.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Ana Carolina Anauate
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
| | - Juan José Augusto Moyano Muñoz
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
| | - Lila Missae Oyama
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.L.G.); (L.M.O.); (E.E.N.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Erika Emy Nishi
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.L.G.); (L.M.O.); (E.E.N.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Cassia Toledo Bergamaschi
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.L.G.); (L.M.O.); (E.E.N.); (C.T.B.)
| | - Aluizio Barbosa Carvalho
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
| | - Ita Pfeferman Heilberg
- Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil; (M.S.O.); (M.V.L.M.); (R.M.); (A.C.A.); (J.J.A.M.M.); (A.B.C.)
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13
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Jiao Y, Sun J, Li Y, Zhao J, Shen J. Association between Adiposity and Bone Mineral Density in Adults: Insights from a National Survey Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3492. [PMID: 37571429 PMCID: PMC10420642 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiposity and bone mineral density (BMD) are closely associated. The aim of this research was to investigate the association between BMD and adiposity measures in adults, including gynoid percent fat (GPF), android percent fat (APF), total percent fat (TPF), visceral adipose tissue percent (VAT%), and total lean mass percent (TLM%). Participants (n = 11,615) aged 18 years and older were analyzed using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 1999 to 2018. Associations between BMD and adiposity measures were investigated, and potential differences based on gender and age were explored. Significant negative associations were observed among TPF, APF, GPF, VAT%, and BMD in the fully adjusted models, while TLM% and BMD were positively associated. Stratifying by age and sex, TPF, GPF, and VAT% consistently demonstrated a negative correlation with BMD. In the young adult group, a TPF of 38.2% eliminated the negative correlation between BMD and TPF. Male BMD exhibited an inverted U-shaped relationship with APF, peaking at 35.6%, while a similar pattern was observed for the middle-aged group BMD and APF, with a peak at 31.7%. This large-sample research found a significant negative association between adiposity measures and BMD, providing valuable revelations regarding the intricate connection between adiposity and bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Juan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;
| | - Yuanmeng Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China;
| | - Junduo Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jianxiong Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.J.); (J.Z.)
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14
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Turcotte AF, Jean S, Morin SN, Mac-Way F, Gagnon C. Added value of waist circumference to body mass index for predicting fracture risk in obesity: a prospective study from the CARTaGENE cohort. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:92. [PMID: 37420039 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-023-01302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Larger waist circumference is significantly associated with an increased risk of distal lower limb fractures in individuals aged 40-70 years with a body mass index within the normal or overweight category. Therefore, waist circumference provides additive information to body mass index for the identification of individuals at risk of obesity-related fractures. INTRODUCTION Waist circumference (WC) is a stronger risk factor of metabolic disorders than body mass index (BMI), but whether it holds true for fracture risk prediction remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate relationships between WC and fracture incidence within BMI categories and evaluate whether BMI modifies these relationships. METHODS Men and women aged 40-70 years from the CARTaGENE cohort were divided by BMI category at baseline: normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Incident fractures were identified over 7 years via linkage with healthcare administrative databases. Cox proportional hazard models estimated the relationships between WC and incident fractures at any site and by skeletal site within each BMI category. Results are reported as adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) per 10 cm increase in WC. Effect modification was evaluated qualitatively by comparing relationships between BMI categories. RESULTS Of the 18 236 individuals included, 754 sustained a fracture. Significant relationships were found between WC and distal lower limb fractures in the normal (1.25 [1.08, 1.45]) and overweight (1.28 [1.07, 1.52]) BMI categories, but not in the obesity category. In the overweight category, we found an increased risk of distal upper limb fractures with increasing WC (1.49 [1.04, 2.15]). No significant relationship was observed regarding WC and fracture risk at any site or major osteoporotic fractures. An effect modification of BMI on the relationships between WC and distal lower limb fractures was observed. CONCLUSION WC provides both independent and additive information to BMI for the identification of individuals at risk of obesity-related fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Frédérique Turcotte
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Quebec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Sonia Jean
- Bureau d'information et études en santé des populations, Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Suzanne N Morin
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Fabrice Mac-Way
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Quebec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Claudia Gagnon
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Quebec-Université Laval Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada.
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada.
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15
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Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou V, Barraclough LH, Kochhar R, Buckley L, Alam N, Higham CE. Radiotherapy-related insufficiency fractures and bone mineral density: what is the connection? Endocr Connect 2023; 12:e220328. [PMID: 37097164 PMCID: PMC10305471 DOI: 10.1530/ec-22-0328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy-related insufficiency fractures (RRIFs) represent a common, burdensome consequence of pelvic radiotherapy. Their underlying mechanisms remain unclear, and data on the effect of osteoporosis are contradictory, with limited studies assessing bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Methods BMD by DXA (Hologic) scan and fracture risk following pelvic RRIF were retrospectively assessed in 39 patients (median age 68 years) at a tertiary cancer centre. Patient characteristics and treatment history are presented narratively; correlations were explored using univariate regression analyses. Results Additional cancer treatments included chemotherapy (n = 31), surgery (n = 20) and brachytherapy (n = 19). Median interval between initiation of radiotherapy and RRIF was 11 (7.5-20.8) and that between RRIF and DXA 3 was (1-6) months. Three patients had normal BMD, 16 had osteopenia and 16 osteoporosis, following World Health Organization classification. Four patients were <40 years at the time of DXA (all Z-scores > -2). Median 10-year risk for hip and major osteoporotic fracture was 3.1% (1.5-5.7) and 11.5% (7.1-13.8), respectively. Only 33.3% of patients had high fracture risk (hip fracture >4% and/or major osteoporotic >20%), and 31% fell above the intervention threshold per National Osteoporosis Guidelines Group (NOGG) guidance (2017). Higher BMD was predicted by lower pelvic radiotherapy dose (only in L3 and L4), concomitant chemotherapy and higher body mass index. Conclusion At the time of RRIF, most patients did not have osteoporosis, some had normal BMD and overall had low fracture risk. Whilst low BMD is a probable risk factor, it is unlikely to be the main mechanism underlying RRIFs, and further studies are required to understand the predictive value of BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou
- Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Lisa H Barraclough
- Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Rohit Kochhar
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Lucy Buckley
- Department of Radiology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Nooreen Alam
- Department of Radiotherapy, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Claire E Higham
- Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Kutleša Z, Ordulj I, Perić I, Jerković K, Poljak D, Gavrilović V, Čapkun V, Devčić Š, Budimir Mršić D. Opportunistic measures of bone mineral density at multiple skeletal sites during whole-body CT in polytrauma patients. Osteoporos Int 2023; 34:775-782. [PMID: 36799980 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-023-06699-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Whole-body CT in polytrauma patients revealed bone mineral density variations throughout the skeleton. Bone density was the highest in cranial bones and the lowest in proximal extremities and pelvis. Skeletal age-related changes were generally more pronounced than sex-related changes. Cranial bones did not follow the same aging pattern compared to other bones. INTRODUCTION Whole-body CT (WBCT) in polytrauma patients enables the detection of numerous incidental findings, such as estimates of bone mineral density (BMD) at multiple skeletal sites. This could help in better understanding of age- and sex-related changes in BMD through skeleton. METHODS Data were retrospectively retrieved from the WBCTs requested during a 2-year period. BMD, expressed in CT Hounsfield units (HU), was measured at frontal and occipital bone, four vertebrae (C4, Th7, L4, and S2), iliac bone, and proximal humerus and femur. Measurements were done on native and postcontrast scans. The population sample was age-, sex-, and visceral fat volume adjusted for analysis. RESULTS A total of 296 patients were included, with a median age of 51 years. BMD varied from the highest HU in cranial bones (629 HU) to the lowest HU in the pelvic bones (114 HU), P < 0.001. Sex differences were independent predictors of BMD in cranial bones and proximal humerus. The age-related decline in BMD was significant in all other bones, but the association with age differed among the measurement's sites. Visceral fat showed the strongest correlation with the lumbar spine and iliac wing, although multivariate analysis revealed it was not an independent predictor of bone density, such as age and sex. CONCLUSIONS BMD varies through skeleton, being the highest in the proximal axial skeleton. Age-related changes in BMD are significant and more pronounced than sex-related changes in almost all bones. Cranial bones do not follow the same pattern compared to other bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zvonimir Kutleša
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Split-Dalmatia County Health Center, Kavanjinova 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Ivan Ordulj
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Split, Spinčičeva 1, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Iva Perić
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Split, Spinčičeva 1, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Kristian Jerković
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Split, Spinčičeva 1, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Dino Poljak
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Vlado Gavrilović
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Vesna Čapkun
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Šime Devčić
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Danijela Budimir Mršić
- Clinical Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Split, Spinčičeva 1, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.
- School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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Association between Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and the Burden of Hospitalized Postmenopausal Patients Concomitant with Osteoporosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study Based on the National Readmission Database. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041623. [PMID: 36836159 PMCID: PMC9959570 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present definition of obesity based on body mass index (BMI) is not accurate and effective enough to identify hospitalized patients with a heavier burden, especially for postmenopausal hospitalized patients concomitant with osteoporosis. The link between common concomitant disorders of major chronic diseases such as osteoporosis, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MS) remains unclear. Here, we aim to evaluate the impact of different metabolic obesity phenotypes on the burden of postmenopausal hospitalized patients concomitant with osteoporosis in view of unplanned readmissions. METHODS Data was acquired from the National Readmission Database 2018. The study population was classified into metabolically healthy non-obese (MHNO), metabolically unhealthy non-obese (MUNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) patients. We estimated the associations between metabolic obesity phenotypes and 30- and 90-day unplanned readmissions. A multivariate Cox Proportional Hazards (PH) model was used to assess the effect of factors on endpoints, with results expressed as HR and 95% CI. RESULTS The 30-day and 90-day readmission rates for the MUNO and MUO phenotypes were higher than that of the MHNO group (all p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between the MHNO and MHO groups. For 30-day readmissions, MUNO raised the risk mildly (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.110, p < 0.001), MHO had a higher risk (HR = 1.145, p = 0.002), and MUO further elevated this risk (HR = 1.238, p < 0.001). As for 90-day readmissions, both MUNO and MHO raised the risk slightly (HR = 1.134, p < 0.001; HR = 1.093, p = 0.014, respectively), and MUO had the highest risk (HR = 1.263, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Metabolic abnormalities were associated with elevated rates and risks of 30- or 90-day readmission among postmenopausal hospitalized women complicated with osteoporosis, whereas obesity did not seem to be innocent, and the combination of these factors led to an additional burden on healthcare systems and individuals. These findings indicate that clinicians and researchers should focus not only on weight management but also metabolism intervention among patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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18
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Khan S, Kalkwarf HJ, Hornung L, Siegel R, Arce-Clachar AC, Sheridan R, Ippisch HM, Xanthakos SA. Histologic Severity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Associates with Reduced Bone Mineral Density in Children. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:644-655. [PMID: 35672623 PMCID: PMC10042591 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07563-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower whole body bone mineral density (BMD) has been reported in children with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but potential mediators remain uncertain. AIMS To assess BMD at multiple skeletal sites in children with confirmed NAFLD and controls with obesity, adjusting for known determinants of BMD, and examine potential mediators. METHODS We assessed age-, sex-, and race-specific, and height-adjusted BMD z-scores of whole body, lumbar spine, hip, femoral neck and forearm by dual-energy-x-ray absorptiometry in 79 children, 8-19 years old: 46 with biopsy-confirmed NAFLD [29 steatohepatitis (NASH)/17 fatty liver (NAFL)] and 33 controls without liver disease. We compared BMD z-scores by multivariable regression, adjusting for known BMD determinants and potential mediators (inflammatory and insulin resistance measures). RESULTS Unadjusted mean BMD z-scores in NAFLD were similar to controls, but significantly lower in NASH vs. NAFL at all sites. After covariate adjustment, mean forearm BMD z-score was higher in NAFL (β 0.60 ± SE 0.30, p < 0.05) and lower in NASH (β - 0.49 ± SE 0.26, p = 0.06) vs. controls (p = 0.002 for group), with similar trends at whole body and total hip; hs-CRP negatively associated with whole body and forearm BMD z-scores (p < 0.05), while visceral fat area negatively associated with femoral neck (p < 0.05). Only three children had clinically low whole body BMD z-scores (< - 2), one per group (control, NAFL and NASH). CONCLUSIONS NASH, but not NAFL, may be associated with increased risk of reduced BMD in children. Systemic inflammation, independent of body composition and load bearing, may mediate reduction in BMD in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soofia Khan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Phoenix Children's, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Heidi J Kalkwarf
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Lindsey Hornung
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Robert Siegel
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ana Catalina Arce-Clachar
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rachel Sheridan
- Department of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Holly M Ippisch
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Stavra A Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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19
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Ma CM, Lu N, Zhang MM, Kong FS, Lu Q, Yin FZ, Zhang X, Wang R. The relationship between obesity and bone mineral density in children and adolescents: analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Arch Osteoporos 2023; 18:25. [PMID: 36689089 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Childhood and puberty are important period for the skeleton grows. Fat mass, especially visceral adipose tissue, was negatively correlated with areal bone mineral density in children and adolescents. The present study suggests that fat mass, especially visceral adipose tissue, has a slightly negative association with bone development in children and adolescents. PURPOSE This study observed the relationship between fat mass and distribution, and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) in children and adolescents. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on US children and adolescents aged 8-19 years. Whole body (less head) aBMD was evaluated. Height (Ht) adjusted Z-scores for aBMD were calculated. RESULTS After controlling for age, gender, race, and lean body mass index (LBMI) Z-score, there were significant negative associations between fat mass index (FMI) Z-score and aBMD Ht-Z-adjusted Z-score (β = - 0.272, P < 0.001, R2 = 0.033). In the linear regression models with aBMD Ht-Z-adjusted Z-score as the dependent variable, the regression coefficients of android fat mass were - 0.241 (P < 0.05, R2 = 0.002), - 0.473 (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.036), and - 0.474 (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.038) for healthy weight, overweight, and obesity group, respectively. The regression coefficients of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) mass were - 0.218 (P > 0.05, R2 = 0.001), - 2.025 (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.044), and - 1.826 (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.039), and the regression coefficients of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) mass were - 0.467 (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.004), - 0.339 (P < 0.01, R2 = 0.024), and - 0.347 (P < 0.001, R2 = 0.018) for healthy weight, overweight, and obesity group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that fat mass has a slightly negative association with bone development in children and adolescents. Trunk fat accumulation, especially visceral adipose tissue, was correlated with the lower level of aBMD. This association was obvious in overweight and obese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Ming Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fan-Shuo Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Fu-Zai Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, No.258 Wenhua Road, Qinhuangdao, 066000, Hebei Province, China.
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20
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Guo H, An Z, Wang N, Ge S, Cai J, Yu S, Zhou Y, Ying R, Zha K, Gu T, Zhao Y, Lu Y. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients with Abdominal Obesity Are Prone to Osteodysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:3872126. [PMID: 37102159 PMCID: PMC10125752 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3872126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The interaction between diabetes, obesity, and bone metabolism was drawing increasing public attention. However, the osteometabolic changes in diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) patients with abdominal obesity have not been fully revealed. This study is aimed at investigating the association between abdominal obesity indices and bone turnover markers among T2DM participants. Methods 4351 subjects were involved in the METAL study. Abdominal obesity indices included neck, waist, and hip circumference, visceral adiposity index (VAI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI). They were applied to elucidate the nexus between β-C-terminal telopeptide (β-CTX), osteocalcin (OC), and intact N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (P1NP). Results Abdominal obesity indices were strongly negatively associated with β-CTX and OC. Among males, five indices were negatively correlated with β-CTX (BMI, WC, LAP, WHR, and CVAI) and OC (BMI, NC, WC, WHR, and CVAI). There were no significant associations with P1NP. Among females, all eight indices were negatively associated with β-CTX. Seven indices were negatively related to OC (BMI, NC, WC, HC, LAP, WHR, and CVAI). The VAI was negatively correlated with P1NP. Conclusions The present study demonstrated that in T2DM, abdominal obesity had an obviously negative correlation with bone metabolism. Abdominal obesity indices were significantly negatively associated with skeletal destruction (β-CTX) and formation (OC). In routine clinical practice, these easily obtained indices could be used as a preliminary screening method and relevant factors for osteodysfunction incidence risk at no additional cost and may be of particular value for postmenopausal women in T2DM populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengmei An
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohong Ge
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Cai
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyan Yu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Ying
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexi Zha
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Gu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huangpu Branch of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Zheng Y, Rajcsanyi LS, Kowalczyk M, Giuranna J, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Seitz J, de Zwaan M, Herzog W, Ehrlich S, Zipfel S, Giel K, Egberts K, Burghardt R, Föcker M, Al-Lahham S, Hebebrand J, Fuhrer D, Tan S, Zwanziger D, Peters T, Hinney A. Lipocalin 2 - mutation screen and serum levels in patients with anorexia nervosa or obesity and in lean individuals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1137308. [PMID: 37025415 PMCID: PMC10071025 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1137308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The bone-derived adipokine lipocalin-2 is relevant for body weight regulation by stimulating the leptin-melanocortin pathway. OBJECTIVE We aimed to (i) detect variants in the lipocalin-2 gene (LCN2) which are relevant for body weight regulation and/or anorexia nervosa (AN); (ii) describe and characterize the impact of LCN2 and MC4R variants on circulating lipocalin-2 level. METHODS Sanger sequencing of the coding region of LCN2 in 284 children and adolescents with severe obesity or 287 patients with anorexia nervosa. In-silico analyses to evaluate functional implications of detected LCN2 variants. TaqMan assays for rare non-synonymous variants (NSVs) in additional independent study groups. Serum levels of lipocalin-2 were measured by ELISA in 35 females with NSVs in either LCN2 or MC4R, and 33 matched controls without NSVs in the two genes. RESULTS Fourteen LCN2-variants (five NSVs) were detected. LCN2-p.Leu6Pro and p.Gly9Val located in the highly conserved signal peptide region may induce functional consequences. The secondary structure change of lipocalin-2 due to LCN2-p.Val89Ile may decrease solubility and results in a low lipocalin-2 level in a heterozygotes carrier (female recovered from AN). Lean individuals had lower lipocalin-2 levels compared to patients with obesity (p = 0.033). CONCLUSION Lipocalin-2 levels are positively associated with body mass index (BMI). Single LCN2-variants might have a profound effect on lipocalin-2 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Yiran Zheng,
| | - Luisa Sophie Rajcsanyi
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuela Kowalczyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johanna Giuranna
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Beate Herpertz-Dahlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jochen Seitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Martina de Zwaan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Herzog
- Department of Internal Medicine II, General Internal and Psychosomatic Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, TU-Dresden, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
- Eating Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katrin Giel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
- Centre of Excellence for Eating Disorders, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karin Egberts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Roland Burghardt
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Oberberg Fachklinik Fasanenkiez, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuel Föcker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Saad Al-Lahham
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Johannes Hebebrand
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Fuhrer
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Denise Zwanziger
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism and Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory Research, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Triinu Peters
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anke Hinney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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22
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Fazullina ON, Korbut AI, Klimontov VV. Factors associated with trabecular bone score in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes and normal bone mineral density. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:553-565. [PMID: 36051426 PMCID: PMC9329840 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i7.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have been recognized as a widespread comorbidity leading to excess mortality and an enormous healthcare burden. In T2D, bone mineral density (BMD) may underestimate the risk of low-energy fractures as bone quality is reduced. It was hypothesized that a decrease in the trabecular bone score (TBS), a parameter assessing bone microarchitecture, may be an early marker of impaired bone health in women with T2D.
AIM To identify clinical and body composition parameters that affect TBS in postmenopausal women with T2D and normal BMD.
METHODS A non-interventional cross-sectional comparative study was conducted. Potentially eligible subjects were screened at tertiary referral center. Postmenopausal women with T2D, aged 50-75 years, with no established risk factors for secondary osteoporosis, were included. BMD, TBS and body composition parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. In women with normal BMD, a wide range of anthropometric, general and diabetes-related clinical and laboratory parameters were evaluated as risk factors for TBS decrease using univariate and multivariate regression analysis and analysis of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.
RESULTS Three hundred twelve women were initially screened, 176 of them met the inclusion criteria and underwent dual X-ray absorptiometry. Those with reduced BMD were subsequently excluded; 96 women with normal BMD were included in final analysis. Among them, 43 women (44.8%) showed decreased TBS values (≤ 1.31). Women with TBS ≤ 1.31 were taller and had a lower body mass index (BMI) when compared to those with normal TBS (Р = 0.008 and P = 0.007 respectively). No significant differences in HbA1c, renal function, calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, PTH and 25(ОН)D levels were found. In a model of multivariate linear regression analysis, TBS was positively associated with gynoid fat mass, whereas the height and androgen fat mass were associated negatively (all P < 0.001). In a multiple logistic regression, TBS ≤ 1.31 was associated with lower gynoid fat mass (adjusted odd ratio [OR], 0.9, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-0.94, P < 0.001), higher android fat mass (adjusted OR, 1.13, 95%CI, 1.03-1.24, P = 0.008) and height (adjusted OR, 1.13, 95%CI, 1.05-1.20, P < 0.001). In ROC-curve analysis, height ≥ 162.5 cm (P = 0.04), body mass index ≤ 33.85 kg/m2 (P = 0.002), gynoid fat mass ≤ 5.41 kg (P = 0.03) and android/gynoid fat mass ratio ≥ 1.145 (P < 0.001) were identified as the risk factors for TBS reduction.
CONCLUSION In postmenopausal women with T2D and normal BMD, greater height and central adiposity are associated with impaired bone microarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga N Fazullina
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia
| | - Anton I Korbut
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia
| | - Vadim V Klimontov
- Laboratory of Endocrinology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Lymphology - Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630060, Russia
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23
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Hu J, Zhao M, Lin C, Sun Z, Chen GC, Mei Z, Zheng Y. Associations of visceral adipose tissue with bone mineral density and fracture: observational and Mendelian randomization studies. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:45. [PMID: 35821143 PMCID: PMC9277855 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and bone mineral density (BMD) or fracture have been controversial and the causality of the associations remains to be assessed. This study aimed to explore the associations of VAT^ (predicted value of VAT mass) with BMD and fracture risk in men and women, and to examine their potential causation by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. METHODS UK Biobank is a large, population-based prospective cohort study that recruited more than 500,000 participants aged 40-69 in the United Kingdom from 2006 to 2010. In this study, we used a validated and reliable prediction model to estimate the VAT amount of the participants. On this basis, linear and nonlinear multivariable statistical models were used to explore the association of VAT^ with BMD and fracture risk in different groups of sex and BMI. In observational analyses, the multivariable linear regression model and Cox proportional-hazards model were used to assess VAT^ association with BMD and fracture risk, respectively. Inverse variance weighting was used as the main result of MR analysis. RESULTS In 190,836 men, an inverted U-shaped association was observed between VAT^ and heel BMD (P for nonlinearity < 0.001), with a turning point of VAT^ = 1.25 kg. Per kg increase in VAT^ was associated with a 0.13 standard deviation (SD) increase in heel BMD (P = 1.5 × 10-16) among men with lower amounts of VAT^, and associated with a 0.05 SD decrease in heel BMD (P = 1.3 × 10-15) among men with higher amounts of VAT^. In 193,592 women, per kg increase in VAT^ was monotonically associated with a 0.16 SD increase in heel BMD (P = 1.2 × 10-136, P for VAT^-sex interaction = 8.4 × 10-51). During a median follow-up of 8.2 years, VAT^ was associated with lower risks of hip fractures in the overall men and women (P for VAT^-sex interaction = 1.9 × 10-4 for total fractures; 1.5 × 10-4 for other fractures). There were significant interactions of VAT^ and BMI on heel BMD and fracture risks in men only (P for VAT^-BMI interaction = 5.9 × 10-31 for heel BMD; 2.7 × 10-4 for total fractures; 5.7 × 10-3 for hip fractures; 6.8 × 10-3 for other fractures). In two-sample MR analyses, evidence of causality was not observed between VAT^ and DXA-derived BMD or fractures. CONCLUSIONS These novel findings demonstrated gender-dependent associations of VAT^ with BMD and fracture risk, with the association in men being modified by adiposity. Evidence of causality was not observed, suggesting that the observational association of VAT^ with BMD and fracture risk could be the result of confounding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhonghan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhendong Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Human Phenome Institute, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai, 200438, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Lin YH, Teng MMH. Association of possible sarcopenic obesity with osteoporosis and fragility fractures in postmenopausal women. Arch Osteoporos 2022; 17:65. [PMID: 35419716 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-022-01107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Possible sarcopenic obese women had a decreased likelihood of osteoporosis but an increased likelihood of fragility fractures compared with non-sarcopenic non-obese and sarcopenia-only women. Furthermore, possible sarcopenic obese women had lower values of trabecular bone score than non-sarcopenic non-obese and sarcopenia-only women. PURPOSE The coexistence of possible sarcopenia and obesity may have opposing effects on osteoporosis. This study aimed to investigate whether possible sarcopenic obesity is associated with osteoporosis or fragility fracture. METHODS In this cross-sectional study of 1007 postmenopausal women from Taiwan, bone mineral density of the spine and hips was evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and bone microarchitecture was evaluated using the trabecular bone score (TBS) derived from a lumbar spine image acquired by DXA. According to the definition of sarcopenia by the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, possible sarcopenia was defined by either low muscle strength or reduced physical performance. Obesity was defined as a body mass index of ≥ 27 kg/m2. Based on the presence of possible sarcopenia and obesity, study participants were classified as follows: control (non-sarcopenic non-obese), sarcopenic (non-obese), obese (non-sarcopenic), and sarcopenic obese. Prevalent fragility fractures were determined by retrospectively reviewing medical records. RESULTS In this study, 10.1% of participants were classified as sarcopenic obese, 9.1% as obese, 35.2% as sarcopenic, and 45.6% as control. Relative to the control group, the sarcopenic obese group (OR, 0.28; 95% CI 0.18, 0.46) and obese group (OR, 0.38; 95% CI 0.23, 0.61) had a decreased likelihood of osteoporosis. However, the sarcopenic obese group (OR, 2.29; 95% CI 1.31, 4.00) and obese group (OR, 1.94; 95% CI 1.04, 3.62) had an increased likelihood of fragility fractures than with the control group. In addition, the sarcopenic obese group had a higher likelihood of fragility fractures than the sarcopenic group. Possible sarcopenic obese women also had significantly lower TBS values than those in the control and sarcopenic groups. CONCLUSIONS Possible sarcopenic obese women had a lower likelihood of osteoporosis but a higher likelihood of fragility fractures than non-sarcopenic non-obese and sarcopenia-only women. Furthermore, possible sarcopenic obese individuals had lower values of TBS than non-sarcopenic non-obese and sarcopenia-only women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Huai Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, No. 45 Cheng Hsin Street, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Mu Huo Teng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, No. 45 Cheng Hsin Street, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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25
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Goetz TG, Nair N, Shiau S, Recker RR, Lappe JM, Dempster DW, Zhou H, Zhao B, Guo X, Shen W, Nickolas TL, Kamanda-Kosseh M, Bucovsky M, Stubby J, Shane E, Cohen A. In premenopausal women with idiopathic osteoporosis, lower bone formation rate is associated with higher body fat and higher IGF-1. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:659-672. [PMID: 34665288 PMCID: PMC9927557 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06196-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We examined serum IGF-1 in premenopausal IOP, finding relationships that were opposite to those expected: higher IGF-1 was associated with lower bone formation and higher body fat, and lower BMD response to teriparatide. These paradoxical relationships between serum IGF-1, bone, and fat may contribute to the mechanism of idiopathic osteoporosis in premenopausal women. INTRODUCTION Premenopausal women with idiopathic osteoporosis (IOP) have marked deficits in bone microarchitecture but variable bone remodeling. We previously reported that those with low tissue-level bone formation rate (BFR) are less responsive to teriparatide and have higher serum IGF-1, a hormone anabolic for osteoblasts and other tissues. The IGF-1 data were unexpected because IGF-1 is low in other forms of low turnover osteoporosis-leading us to hypothesize that IGF-1 relationships are paradoxical in IOP. This study aimed to determine whether IOP women with low BFR have higher IGF-1 and paradoxical IGF-1 relationships in skeletal and non-skeletal tissues, and whether IGF-1 and the related measures predict teriparatide response. METHODS This research is an ancillary study to a 24 month clinical trial of teriparatide for IOP. Baseline assessments were related to trial outcomes: BMD, bone remodeling. SUBJECTS Premenopausal women with IOP(n = 34); bone remodeling status was defined by baseline cancellous BFR/BS on bone biopsy. MEASURES Serum IGF-1 parameters, compartmental adiposity (DXA, CT, MRI), serum hormones, and cardiovascular-risk-markers related to fat distribution. RESULTS As seen in other populations, lower BFR was associated with higher body fat and poorer teriparatide response. However, in contrast to observations in other populations, low BFR, higher body fat, and poorer teriparatide response were all related to higher IGF-1: IGF-1 Z-score was inversely related to BFR at all bone surfaces (r = - 0.39 to - 0.46; p < 0.05), directly related to central fat (p = 0.05) and leptin (p = 0.03). IGF-1 inversely related to 24 month hip BMD %change (r = - 0.46; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Paradoxical IGF-1 relationships suggest that abnormal or atypical regulation of bone and fat may contribute to osteoporosis mechanisms in premenopausal IOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Goetz
- Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - N Nair
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, NY, New York, USA
| | - S Shiau
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - R R Recker
- Department of Medicine, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - J M Lappe
- Department of Medicine, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - D W Dempster
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - H Zhou
- Regional Bone Center, Helen Hayes Hospital, West Haverstraw, NY, USA
| | - B Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - X Guo
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
| | - W Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
- Columbia Magnetic Resonance Research Center (CMRRC), Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - T L Nickolas
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, NY, New York, USA
| | - M Kamanda-Kosseh
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, NY, New York, USA
| | - M Bucovsky
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, NY, New York, USA
| | - J Stubby
- Department of Medicine, Creighton University Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - E Shane
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, NY, New York, USA
| | - A Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, NY, New York, USA.
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Shih CW, Fang WH, Chen WL. Clinical relevance of the relationship between Trabecular Bone Score and metabolic syndrome. J Investig Med 2022; 70:967-971. [PMID: 35017182 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) is an indirect measurement of bone quality, and studies have shown that TBS is an independent predictor of fracture risk. This cross-sectional investigation aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and TBS using data from the 2005-2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The association between individual MetS components and TBS was examined. There was a significant linear decrease in TBS with an increase in the number of MetS components. The β coefficients of TBS among participants with 3 and ≥4 MetS components were -0.015 and -0.041 (p=0.006 and p<0.001, respectively). Among participants with MetS, high systolic blood pressure, abdominal obesity, and high serum levels of triglycerides and glucose were significantly associated with lower TBS in fully adjusted models (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant linear decrease in TBS with an increase in the number of MetS components in both sexes. TBS significantly decreased with an increasing number of MetS components in a US population. The components of MetS, including systolic blood pressure, waist circumference, and serum levels of triglyceride and glucose, exhibited a negative association with TBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wei Shih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kim KY, Kim KM. Similarities and differences between bone quality parameters, trabecular bone score and femur geometry. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0260924. [PMID: 35015756 PMCID: PMC8751997 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone quality is a critical factor that, along with bone quantity, determines bone strength. Image-based parameters are used for assessing bone quality non-invasively. The trabecular bone score (TBS) is used to assess quality of trabecular bone and femur geometry for cortical bone. Little is known about the associations between these two bone quality parameters and whether they show differences in the relationships with age and body mass index (BMI). We investigated the associations between the trabecular bone score (TBS) and femur cortical geometry. Areal bone mineral density (BMD) was assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the TBS was assessed using iNsight software and, femur geometry using APEX (Hologic). A total of 452 men and 517 women aged 50 years and older with no medical history of a condition affecting bone metabolism were included. Z-scores for TBS and cortical thickness were calculated using the age-specific mean and SD for each parameter. A ‘discrepancy group’ was defined as patients whose absolute Z-score difference between TBS and cortical thickness was > 1 point. TBS and cortical thickness correlated negatively with age both in men and women, but the associations were stronger in women. Regarding the associations with BMI, TBS provided significant negative correlation with BMI in the range of BMI > 25 kg/m2. By contrast, cortical thickness correlated positively with BMI for all BMI ranges. These bone quality-related parameters, TBS and cortical thickness, significantly correlated, but discordance between these two parameters was observed in about one-third of the men and women (32.7% and 33.4%, respectively). Conclusively, image-based bone quality parameters for trabecular and cortical bone exhibit both similarities and differences in terms of their associations with age and BMI. These different profiles in TBS and FN cortical thickness might results in different risk profiles for the vertebral fractures or hip fractures in a certain percentage of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyong Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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Xiong Y, He T, Liu WV, Zhang Y, Hu S, Wen D, Wang Y, Zhang P, He F, Li X. Quantitative assessment of lumbar spine bone marrow in patients with different severity of CKD by IDEAL-IQ magnetic resonance sequence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:980576. [PMID: 36204094 PMCID: PMC9530399 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.980576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a significant negative impact on bone health. Bone marrow is an essential component of bone, mainly composed of trabecular bone and fat. The IDEAL-IQ sequence of MRI allows indirect quantification of trabecular bone mass by R2* and direct quantification of bone marrow fat content by FF map, respectively. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to explore the association of CKD severity with bone marrow using IDEAL-IQ and whether mineral and bone metabolism markers alter this association. METHOD We recruited 68 CKD patients in this cross-sectional research (15 with CKD stages 3-4, 26 with stage 5, and 27 with stage 5d). All patients underwent lumbar spine IDEAL-IQ, BMD, and several bone metabolism markers (iPTH, 25-(OH)-VitD, calcium and phosphorus). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association of CKD severity with MRI measurements (R2* and FF). RESULTS More severe CKD was associated with a higher R2* value [CKD 5d versus 3-4: 30.077 s-1 (95% CI: 12.937, 47.217), P for trend < 0.001], and this association was attenuated when iPTH was introduced [CKD 5d versus 3-4: 19.660 s-1 (95% CI: 0.205, 39.114), P for trend = 0.042]. Furthermore, iPTH had an association with R2* value [iPTH (pg/mL): 0.033 s-1 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.064), P = 0.041]. Besides, FF was mainly affected by age and BMI, but not CKD. CONCLUSIONS The bone marrow R2* value measured by IDEAL-IQ sequence is associated with CKD severity and iPTH. The R2* of IDEAL-IQ has the potential to reflect lumbar bone changes in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiong
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tongxiang He
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuang Hu
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Donglin Wen
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peisen Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Fan He
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fan He, ; Xiaoming Li,
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Fan He, ; Xiaoming Li,
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Lee G, Choi S, Cho Y, Park SM. Risk of Osteoporotic Fractures Among Obese Women Based on Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference: A Nationwide Cohort in South Korea. Clin Nutr Res 2022; 11:32-41. [PMID: 35223679 PMCID: PMC8844534 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2022.11.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the association between obesity status by body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) and osteoporotic fracture risk. We collected data of 143,673 women with a mean age of 58.5 years without history of osteoporotic fracture from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Cohort. Participants were divided into four groups according to obesity by BMI and WC, normal BMI/WC (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 and WC < 85 cm, reference), obese BMI/normal WC (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and WC < 85 cm), normal BMI/obese WC (BMI < 25 kg/m2 and WC ≥ 85 cm), and obese BMI/WC (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 and WC < 85cm). Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the subsequent median 6.0 years, which were adjusted for age, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, morbidity index, and osteoporosis medication. Compared with the normal group, normal BMI/obese WC was associated with a higher osteoporotic fracture risk after multivariable adjustment (HRs [95% CI], 1.13 [1.05–1.21]), and obese BMI/normal WC was associated with a lower osteoporotic fracture risk (0.89 [0.84–0.94]). Obese BMI/normal WC was associated with a lower risk for hip fractures (0.75 [0.57–0.99]). Obese BMI/normal WC was associated with decreased risk of osteoporotic fracture, whereas normal BMI/obese WC was associated with increased risk of osteoporotic fracture compared with the normal group among East Asian women in their late 40s or more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeongsil Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Seulggie Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yoosun Cho
- Health Promotion Center, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul 03080, Korea
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Hilton C, Vasan SK, Neville MJ, Christodoulides C, Karpe F. The associations between body fat distribution and bone mineral density in the Oxford Biobank: a cross sectional study. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:75-81. [PMID: 34859739 PMCID: PMC8944227 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2008238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body composition is associated with bone mineral density (BMD), but the precise associations between body fat distribution and BMD remain unclear. The regional adipose tissue depots have different metabolic profiles. We hypothesized that they would have independent associations with BMD. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from 4,900 healthy individuals aged 30-50 years old from the Oxford Biobank to analyze associations between regional fat mass, lean mass and total BMD. RESULTS Total lean mass was strongly positively associated with BMD. An increase in total BMD was observed with increasing mass of all the fat depots, as measured either by anthropometry or DXA, when accounting for lean mass. However, on adjustment for both total fat mass and lean mass, fat depot specific associations emerged. Increased android and visceral adipose tissue mass in men, and increased visceral adipose tissue mass in women, were associated with lower BMD. CONCLUSIONS Fat distribution alters the association between adiposity and BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona Hilton
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Senthil K Vasan
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Constantinos Christodoulides
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, OUH Trust, Oxford, UK
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Wang W, Huang R, Tang PT, Tu M, Guo XL. Perirenalfat thickness is associated with bone turnover markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:990667. [PMID: 36387843 PMCID: PMC9641290 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.990667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emerging evidence demonstrated that perirenal fat may modulate bone metabolism through several pathological pathways. This study was aimed to assess the associations between perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) and bone turnover markers (BTMs) and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and further explore the correlation between PrFT and osteoporosis. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a total of 626 participants with complete data were enrolled in this study. Demographic and anthropometric information was collected. Biochemical parameters and BTMs were determined. PrFT and BMD were measured by computed tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, respectively. Correlation analysis and regression models were used to assess the associations between PrFT and BTMs and BMD. The multiple binomial logistic regression model was used to estimate the independent variables of PrFT for osteoporosis. RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 38.7%. PrFT was negatively correlated with β-cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) (r = -0.216,< 0.001), L1-L4 BMD (r = -0.351, < 0.001), and T-score (r = -0.396, < 0.001). PrFT also remained significantly correlated with β-CTX (β = -0.291, P< 0.001), L1-L4 BMD (β = -0.109, P= 0.027), and L1-L4 T-score (β = -0.149, P= 0.001) after adjustment for other confounding factors. Furthermore, PrFT was also independently associated with osteoporosis after adjustment for other confounding factors; the OR (95% CI) was 1.13 (1.04-1.23). PrFT also seems to have a relatively good identifying value for osteoporosis. The area under the curve (AUC) value of PrFT in identifying osteoporosis was 0.766 (95% CI: 0.705-0.826, P < 0.001). The optimal cutoff value of PrFT was 15.2 mm (sensitivity: 72.5%, specificity: 79.8%). CONCLUSIONS PrFT was significantly associated with β-CTX, BMD, and osteoporosis. These findings indicate that perirenal fat may play an important role in bone metabolism. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION http://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier (ChiCTR2100052032).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Ping Tai Tang
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Mei Tu
- Department of Endocrinology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
| | - Xiu Li Guo
- Department of Radiology, Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Longyan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiu Li Guo,
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Qi W, Jiang Y, Liu W, Chi Y, Jiajue R, Pang Q, Wang O, Li M, Xing X, Yu W, Xia W. Bone Microarchitecture in Obese Postmenopausal Chinese Women: The Chinese Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (ChiVOS). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:891413. [PMID: 35865318 PMCID: PMC9294215 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.891413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is associated with improved bone mass and microarchitecture in Caucasian individuals, but evidence in obese Asian individuals is lacking. OBJECTIVE To analyze the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone microarchitecture in normal-weight, overweight, and obese postmenopausal Chinese women. METHODS A total of 243 postmenopausal women from the Chinese Vertebral Osteoporosis Study (ChiVOS) were included and were divided into three groups (OB, obese group; OW, overweight group; NW, normal weight group) by BMI level. aBMD, trabecular bone score (TBS), and appendicular lean mass (ALM) were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone microarchitecture was measured by HR-pQCT at the distal radius and tibia. X-ray was performed to confirm vertebral fractures (VFs). Multiple linear regression was used to evaluate the correlations between bone parameters and ALM after adjusting for confounding variables. RESULTS The prevalence of VFs and clinical fractures were similar among the groups. Participants in the OB group showed a lower level of osteocalcin with comparable levels of other bone turnover markers (BTMs). The aBMD at several skeletal sites was higher in the OB group than in the NW group after adjusting for age (p<0.01 for all comparisons). At the radius, the OB group had a higher Ct.Ar, Tb.vBMD, Tb.BV/TV, Tb.N, Tb.Th, and Ct.Th than the NW group after adjusting for covariates (p<0.05 for all). Differences of a similar magnitude were found at the distal tibia. There was a trend of decreasing trend in Tb.Sp, Tb.1/N/SD, and Ct.Po among groups at both sites. However, the bone microarchitecture did not differ between participants with severe obesity (BMI≥35.0kg/m2) and those with 30.0≤BMI<35 kg/m2. Multiple linear regression revealed that the associations between ALM and most of the bone microarchitecture parameters at both sites were much stronger than the association between body weight and bone parameters. CONCLUSION We have observed significant improvements in aBMD, bone geometry, and bone microarchitecture in obese postmenopausal Chinese women. Except for a lower level of osteocalcin in the OB group, no significant differences in BTMs were found among the groups. Compared with body weight, ALM may explain greater variance in the improvement of bone microarchitecture parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Qi
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Chi
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruizhi Jiajue
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weibo Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Weibo Xia,
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Ali D, Tencerova M, Figeac F, Kassem M, Jafari A. The pathophysiology of osteoporosis in obesity and type 2 diabetes in aging women and men: The mechanisms and roles of increased bone marrow adiposity. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:981487. [PMID: 36187112 PMCID: PMC9520254 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.981487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is defined as a systemic skeletal disease characterized by decreased bone mass and micro-architectural deterioration leading to increased fracture risk. Osteoporosis incidence increases with age in both post-menopausal women and aging men. Among other important contributing factors to bone fragility observed in osteoporosis, that also affect the elderly population, are metabolic disturbances observed in obesity and Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). These metabolic complications are associated with impaired bone homeostasis and a higher fracture risk. Expansion of the Bone Marrow Adipose Tissue (BMAT), at the expense of decreased bone formation, is thought to be one of the key pathogenic mechanisms underlying osteoporosis and bone fragility in obesity and T2D. Our review provides a summary of mechanisms behind increased Bone Marrow Adiposity (BMA) during aging and highlights the pre-clinical and clinical studies connecting obesity and T2D, to BMA and bone fragility in aging osteoporotic women and men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Ali
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ali, ; Abbas Jafari,
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Florence Figeac
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Moustapha Kassem
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Abbas Jafari
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Dalia Ali, ; Abbas Jafari,
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Rinonapoli G, Pace V, Ruggiero C, Ceccarini P, Bisaccia M, Meccariello L, Caraffa A. Obesity and Bone: A Complex Relationship. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413662. [PMID: 34948466 PMCID: PMC8706946 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a large literature on the relationship between obesity and bone. What we can conclude from this review is that the increase in body weight causes an increase in BMD, both for a mechanical effect and for the greater amount of estrogens present in the adipose tissue. Nevertheless, despite an apparent strengthening of the bone witnessed by the increased BMD, the risk of fracture is higher. The greater risk of fracture in the obese subject is due to various factors, which are carefully analyzed by the Authors. These factors can be divided into metabolic factors and increased risk of falls. Fractures have an atypical distribution in the obese, with a lower incidence of typical osteoporotic fractures, such as those of hip, spine and wrist, and an increase in fractures of the ankle, upper leg, and humerus. In children, the distribution is different, but it is not the same in obese and normal-weight children. Specifically, the fractures of the lower limb are much more frequent in obese children. Sarcopenic obesity plays an important role. The authors also review the available literature regarding the effects of high-fat diet, weight loss and bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Rinonapoli
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Valerio Pace
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Carmelinda Ruggiero
- Orthogeriatric Service, Geriatric Unit, Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Paolo Ceccarini
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Michele Bisaccia
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AORN San Pio “Gaetano Rummo Hospital”, Via R.Delcogliano, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Luigi Meccariello
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, AORN San Pio “Gaetano Rummo Hospital”, Via R.Delcogliano, 82100 Benevento, Italy; (M.B.); (L.M.)
| | - Auro Caraffa
- Orthopaedic and Traumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06156 Perugia, Italy; (V.P.); (P.C.); (A.C.)
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Julian V, O'Malley G, Metz L, Weghuber D, Courteix D, Fillon A, Boirie Y, Duclos M, Pereira B, Thivel D. Does the severity of obesity influence bone density, geometry and strength in adolescents? Pediatr Obes 2021; 16:e12826. [PMID: 34171175 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relationships between the severity of obesity and bone health remain underexplored. OBJECTIVES To compare whole-body and localized bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS) and hip geometry and strength between adolescents with obesity versus extreme obesity. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 154 adolescents (12-15 years, 62% females) who were classified as having obesity (OG, [95th-99th] percentile) or extreme obesity (EOG, >99th percentile). Fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), BMC, BMD for total-body-less-head (TBLH), lumbar spine (LS), hip, TBS and geometric and strength indices at the narrow-neck (NN), femoral shaft (FS) and intertrochanteric regions (IT) were assessed by Dual-X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS There was no significant sex-interaction. For both sexes, TBLH BMC and BMD were not different between groups. TBS was lower in EOG compared with OG in both sexes in univariate analysis and after adjustment with maturation and body weight (p < 0.05). Hip BMD was significantly higher in the EOG compared to OG only after adjustment with maturation and fat mass percentage (p < 0.05 for men, p < 0.01 for women). For both sexes, TBLH, LS and hip BMC and BMD positively correlated with weight, BMI, LM and FM. TBS negatively correlated with BMI-percentile in both sexes, with a negative correlation with FM for males alone. Hip BMC and BMD, BMD, ACT and CSA at the three hip sites positively correlated with BMI-percentile in males. CONCLUSIONS Extreme obesity impacts bone health depending on anatomical sites, altering lumbar trabecular bone in both males and females adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Julian
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical School, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Grace O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.,W82GO Child and Adolescent Weight Management Service, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lore Metz
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical School, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Daniel Courteix
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Alicia Fillon
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Martine Duclos
- Department of Sport Medicine and Functional Explorations, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Diet and Musculoskeletal Health Team, CRNH, INRA, University of Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Pereira
- Department of Biostatistics, University Teaching Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Thivel
- Laboratory AME2P, University of Clermont Auvergne, Aubière, France
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Sharma DK, Anderson PH, Morris HA, Clifton PM. Acute CTX-1 Suppression With Milk Calcium or Calcium Carbonate is Independent of Visceral Fat in A Randomized Crossover Study in Lean and Overweight Postmenopausal Women. J Nutr 2021; 152:1006-1014. [PMID: 36967157 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal women with higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) present with suppressed bone resorption (lower c-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen, CTX-1) and turnover (lower osteocalcin) but whether this blunts the effect of calcium is unknown. OBJECTIVE The primary outcome of this study was the effect of VAT on changes in CTX-1 after intake of two forms of calcium. Secondary outcomes included changes in parathyroid hormone (PTH), serum calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). DESIGN Randomized open three period crossover trial conducted between 2017-2019 at the University of South Australia among 77 lean and overweight postmenopausal women (53-79 y) with body mass index (BMI) less than 25 kg/m2 and greater than 27 kg/m2, respectively. Participants received a single dose of milk (1000 mg calcium), calcium carbonate tablet (1000 mg calcium), and fruit juice (no calcium) in random order with a seven-day washout period. Blood samples were collected at baseline and hourly for 5h. Data was analysed by repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) of log-transformed data. RESULTS At baseline, women with higher VAT had significantly lower CTX-1 and higher PTH (44% lower and 30% higher, respectively between Q4 and Q1, P < 0.0001). VAT had no influence on the acute changes in CTX-1 or PTH with calcium or juice. A suppression of 44% in CTX-1 was seen with calcium carbonate and milk and a suppression of 18% with juice. PTH was suppressed more with calcium carbonate (47%) compared to milk (22%). Milk calcium reduced PTH and CTX-1 at 2-hour while calcium carbonate reduced PTH in 1 hour. The suppression in CTX-1 was slower with lowest levels at 4-5 hour. CONCLUSIONS 1000 mg calcium obtained from milk or from calcium carbonate is effective in acutely suppressing bone resorption in postmenopausal women irrespective of visceral fat.This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry http://www.ANZCTR.org.au/ACTRN12617000779370.aspx (ACTRN 12617000779370).
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti K Sharma
- Clinical and Health Sciences Academic Unit, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Royal Adelaide Hospital
| | - Paul H Anderson
- Clinical and Health Sciences Academic Unit, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Howard A Morris
- Clinical and Health Sciences Academic Unit, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Peter M Clifton
- Clinical and Health Sciences Academic Unit, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
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Jia X, An Y, Xu Y, Yang Y, Liu C, Zhao D, Ke J. Low serum levels of bone turnover markers are associated with perirenal fat thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr Connect 2021; 10:1337-1343. [PMID: 34533475 PMCID: PMC8558911 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is known as a common risk factor for osteoporosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Perirenal fat, surrounding the kidneys, has been reported to be unique in anatomy and biological functions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between perirenal fat and bone metabolism in patients with T2DM. METHODS A total of 234 patients with T2DM were recruited from September 2019 to December 2019 in the cross-sectional study. The biochemical parameters and bone turnover markers (BTMs) were determined in all participants. Perirenal fat thickness (PrFT) was performed by ultrasounds via a duplex Doppler apparatus. Associations between PrFT and bone metabolism index were determined via correlation analysis and regression models. RESULTS The PrFT was significantly correlated with β-C-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen (β-CTX) (r = -0.14, P < 0.036), parathyroid hormone (iPTH) (r = -0.18, P ≤ 0.006), and 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D) (r = -0.14, P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed that the association of PrFT and β-CTX (β = -0.136, P = 0.042) was independent of other variables. CONCLUSION This study showed a negative and independent association between PrFT and β-CTX in subjects with T2DM, suggesting a possible role of PrFT in bone metabolism. Follow-up studies and further research are necessary to validate the associations and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Jia
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxin An
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Yuechao Xu
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxian Yang
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Ke
- Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to J Ke:
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Vancea A, Serban O, Fodor D. Relationship between Osteopontin and Bone Mineral Density. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2021; 17:509-516. [PMID: 35747863 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2021.509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that osteopontin (OPN) could be used as an early marker for the diagnosis of bone disorders. Considering the contradictory opinions in the literature, the objective of this systematic review is to analyse the current information regarding the relationship between OPN and bone mineral density (BMD), which represents an important process in the development of osteoporosis. We performed a literature search of clinical trials using the PubMed database, published between 1999-2020, and identified 7 studies that were eligible for analysis. The eligibility criteria were based on studies that analysed the relationship between osteopontin and bone mineral density on human subjects. Conclusion: serum OPN levels might be used as a biomarker of the early diagnosis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, with or without osteoporotic vertebral fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vancea
- "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Internal Medicine Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - O Serban
- "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Internal Medicine Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - D Fodor
- "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Internal Medicine Department, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Serum Metabolite Profile Associated with Sex-Dependent Visceral Adiposity Index and Low Bone Mineral Density in a Mexican Population. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090604. [PMID: 34564420 PMCID: PMC8472083 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows that obesity correlates negatively with bone mass. However, traditional anthropometric measures such as body mass index could not discriminate visceral adipose tissue from subcutaneous adipose tissue. The visceral adiposity index (VAI) is a reliable sex-specified indicator of visceral adipose distribution and function. Thus, we aimed to identify metabolomic profiles associated with VAI and low bone mineral density (BMD). A total of 602 individuals from the Health Workers Cohort Study were included. Forty serum metabolites were measured using the targeted metabolomics approach, and multivariate regression models were used to test associations of metabolomic profiles with anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical parameters. The analysis showed a serum amino acid signature composed of glycine, leucine, arginine, valine, and acylcarnitines associated with high VAI and low BMD. In addition, we found a sex-dependent VAI in pathways related to primary bile acid biosynthesis, branched-chain amino acids, and the biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A (CoA). In conclusion, a metabolic profile differs by VAI and BMD status, and these changes are gender-dependent.
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40
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Nordklint AK, Almdal TP, Vestergaard P, Lundby-Christensen L, Boesgaard TW, Breum L, Gade-Rasmussen B, Sneppen SB, Gluud C, Hemmingsen B, Perrild H, Madsbad S, Mathiesen ER, Tarnow L, Thorsteinsson B, Vestergaard H, Lund SS, Eiken P. Effect of metformin and insulin vs. placebo and insulin on whole body composition in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:1837-1848. [PMID: 33594488 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05870-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Some studies indicate potential beneficial effects of metformin on body composition and bone. This trial compared metformin + insulin vs placebo + insulin. Metformin treatment had a small but positive effect on bone quality in the peripheral skeleton, reduced weight gain, and resulted in a more beneficial body composition compared with placebo in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes. INTRODUCTION Glucose-lowering medications affect body composition. We assessed the long-term effects of metformin compared with placebo on whole body bone and body composition measures in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS This was a sub-study of the Copenhagen Insulin and Metformin Therapy trial, which was a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial assessing 18-month treatment with metformin compared with placebo, in combination with different insulin regimens in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The sub-study evaluates the effects on bone mineral content (BMC), density (BMD), and body composition from whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans which were assessed at baseline and after 18 months. RESULTS Metformin had a small, but positive, (p < 0.05) effect on subtotal, appendicular, and legs BMC and BMD compared with placebo. After adjustment for sex, age, vitamin D, smoking, BMI, T2DM duration, HbA1c, and insulin dose, the effects on appendicular BMC and BMD persisted (p < 0.05 for both). The changes in appendicular BMC and BMD corresponded approximately to a 0.7% and 0.5% increase in the metformin group and 0.4% and 0.4% decrease in the placebo group, respectively. These effects were mostly driven by an increase in BMC and BMD in the legs and a loss of BMC and BMD in the arms. During 18 months, all participants increased in weight, fat mass (FM), FM%, and lean mass (LM), but decreased in LM%. The metformin group increased less in weight (subtotal weight (weight-head) - 2.4 [- 3.5, - 1.4] kg, p value < 0.001) and FM (- 1.5 [- 2.3, - 0.8] kg, p value < 0.001) and decreased less in LM% (0.6 [0.2, 1.1] %, p value < 0.001) compared with the placebo group. CONCLUSION Metformin treatment had a small positive effect on BMC and BMD in the peripheral skeleton and reduced weight gain compared with placebo in insulin-treated patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Nordklint
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshopitalet - Glostrup, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - T P Almdal
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P Vestergaard
- Departments of Clinical Medicine and Endocrinology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Jutland, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | | | - L Breum
- Department of Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, Koge, Denmark
| | - B Gade-Rasmussen
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - S B Sneppen
- Department of Medicine, Gentofte, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - C Gluud
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Hemmingsen
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Perrild
- Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Madsbad
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - E R Mathiesen
- Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L Tarnow
- Steno Diabetes Center Zealand, Holbak, Denmark
| | - B Thorsteinsson
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - H Vestergaard
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Medicine, Bornholms Hospital, Ronne, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Section of Metabolic Genetics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S S Lund
- Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - P Eiken
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Hillerod, Denmark
- Department of Endocrinology, Bispebjerg, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zheng R, Byberg L, Larsson SC, Höijer J, Baron JA, Michaëlsson K. Prior loss of body mass index, low body mass index, and central obesity independently contribute to higher rates of fractures in elderly women and men. J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1288-1299. [PMID: 33784427 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to comprehensively evaluate the association of body composition with fracture risk using longitudinal data from a Swedish cohort of 44,366 women and men (mean age of 70 years) and a subcohort of 5022 women. We estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of fracture for baseline body mass index (BMI), BMI change during the prior 12 and 18 years, baseline waist-to-height ratio, total and regional distribution of fat and lean mass, with and without areal bone mineral density (BMD) adjustment. During follow-up (median 8.7 years), 7290 individuals sustained a fracture, including 4279 fragility fractures, of which 1813 were hip fractures. Higher baseline BMI and prior gain in BMI were inversely associated with all types of fracture. Lower fracture rate with higher baseline BMI was seen within every category of prior BMI change, whereas higher prior BMI gain conferred a lower rate of fracture within those with normal baseline BMI. Each standard deviation (SD) higher baseline waist-to-height ratio, after adjustment for BMI, was associated with higher rates of hip fracture in both women and men (HR 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05-1.19). In the subcohort (median follow-up 10 years), higher baseline fat mass index (FMI) and appendicular lean mass index (LMI) showed fracture-protective effects. After BMD adjustment, higher baseline BMI, total LMI, FMI, and higher prior BMI gain were associated with higher fracture rate. Baseline fat distribution also was associated with fracture rate; a 1-SD higher android to gynoid fat mass ratio in prior BMI gainers was associated with BMD-adjusted HRs of 1.16 (95% CI, 1.05-1.28) for any fracture and 1.48 (95% CI, 1.16-1.89) for hip fracture. This pattern was not observed among prior BMI losers. These findings indicate that for optimal fracture prevention, low baseline BMI, prior BMI loss and high baseline central obesity should be avoided in both women and men. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zheng
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Liisa Byberg
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jonas Höijer
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Karl Michaëlsson
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Bone characteristics and metabolic phenotypes of obesity in an Iranian Elderly population: Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEHP). Arch Osteoporos 2021; 16:92. [PMID: 34101034 DOI: 10.1007/s11657-021-00953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity and osteoporosis are health problems with high impact on the morbidity and mortality rate. While the association between BMI and bone density is known, the combined effects of obesity and metabolic components on bone health have not yet been revealed. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between bone health and different phenotypes of obesity in an elderly population. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on the data collected in the Bushehr Elderly Health Program (BEHP). The participants were classified in four groups based on the metabolic phenotypes of obesity (metabolic healthy obese (MHO), metabolic non-healthy non-obese (MNHNO), metabolic non-healthy obese (MNHO), and metabolic healthy non-obese (MHNO)). The association between osteoporosis and TBS and the metabolic phenotypes of obesity were assessed using multiple variable logistic regression models. RESULTS Totally, 2378 people (1227 women) were considered for analyses. The prevalence of MHNO, MHO, MNHNO, and MNHO were 902 (39.9%), 138 (6.1%), 758 (33.5%), and 464 (20.5%), respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression models, those with MHO (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.12-0.36), MNHNO (OR 0.52; 95% CI 0.4-0.66), and MNHO phenotypes (OR 0.22; 95% CI 0.16-0.3) had a significantly lower risk of osteoporosis. Likewise, those having MHO (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.51-3.76), MNHNO (OR 1.49; 95% CI 1.11-2), and MNHO (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.82-3.42) phenotypes were found to had higher risk of low bone quality as confirmed by TBS. CONCLUSIONS The obese subjects have lower bone quality, regardless of their obesity phenotype.
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Abstract
Bone turnover markers fill a clinical need that improves comprehensive care of metabolic bone health and osteoporosis. Creating a standard process for drawing them that reduces modifiable variability improves their precision and clinical usefulness. Creating a standard process for interpreting them by applying statistical significance improves their clinical applicability. Understanding what causes them to increase and decrease can help elucidate secondary causes of osteoporosis. Monitoring them can assess patient adherence to therapy for a silent disease that will progressively become louder with an aging global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumeet Jain
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, 1725 West Harrison Street, Suite 250, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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Ghanemi A, Yoshioka M, St-Amand J. Obese Animals as Models for Numerous Diseases: Advantages and Applications. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:399. [PMID: 33919006 PMCID: PMC8142996 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the advances in obesity research, a variety of animal models have been developed to investigate obesity pathogenesis, development, therapies and complications. Such obese animals would not only allow us to explore obesity but would also represent models to study diseases and conditions that develop with obesity or where obesity represents a risk factor. Indeed, obese subjects, as well as animal models of obesity, develop pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Therefore, obese animals would represent models for numerous diseases. Although those diseases can be induced in animals by chemicals or drugs without obesity development, having them developed as consequences of obesity has numerous advantages. These advantages include mimicking natural pathogenesis processes, using diversity in obesity models (diet, animal species) to study the related variabilities and exploring disease intensity and reversibility depending on obesity development and treatments. Importantly, therapeutic implications and pharmacological tests represent key advantages too. On the other hand, obesity prevalence is continuously increasing, and, therefore, the likelihood of having a patient suffering simultaneously from obesity and a particular disease is increasing. Thus, studying diverse diseases in obese animals (either induced naturally or developed) would allow researchers to build a library of data related to the patterns or specificities of obese patients within the context of pathologies. This may lead to a new branch of medicine specifically dedicated to the diseases and care of obese patients, similar to geriatric medicine, which focuses on the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaziz Ghanemi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Mayumi Yoshioka
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
| | - Jonny St-Amand
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
- Functional Genomics Laboratory, Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada;
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Valentini A, Perrone MA, Cianfarani MA, Tarantino U, Massoud R, Merra G, Bernardini S, Morris HA, Bertoli A. Obesity, vitamin D status and physical activity: 1,25(OH)2D as a potential marker of vitamin D deficiency in obese subjects. Panminerva Med 2021; 62:83-92. [PMID: 32515572 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.20.03770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has been regarded to be protective against fracture in spite of its association with low levels of vitamin D. Vitamin D is the key regulator of bone metabolism and its deficiency contributes to higher level of parathyroid hormone (PTH), leading to the activation of bone turnover. METHODS We studied 161 subjects of which 65 were young healthy subjects and 96 were elderly subjects. We measured creatinine, 25(OH)D, 1,25(OH)2D, PTH, albumin, and calcium plasma levels, we evaluated physical activity, and we calculated BMI. A sub-cohort of elderly subjects also underwent DXA scans. RESULTS Overweight and obese subjects, as well as underweight ones, had lower levels of vitamin D but normal serum concentrations of 1,25(OH)2D and PTH was higher in underweight and obese subjects. Moreover, we found a nonlinear relationship between body mass index (BMI) and PTH with a significant U-shaped exponential regression. Regardless of BMI, 25(OH)D mean levels were higher in subjects who practice physical activity. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that physical activity and BMI had a significant effect on the metabolism of bone and vitamin D, but the effect of BMI was different in underweight, normal weight or obese subjects. In obesity the real vitamin D deficiency could be estimate by serum 1,25(OH)2D concentrations whose lower levels contribute to the higher PTH production and consequently to bone loss and to a greater fracture risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marco A Perrone
- Division of Cardiology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy - .,University Sports Center, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Tarantino
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Massoud
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Merra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Bernardini
- University Sports Center, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Howard A Morris
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Aldo Bertoli
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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Tangseefa P, Martin SK, Arthur A, Panagopoulos V, Page AJ, Wittert GA, Proud CG, Fitter S, Zannettino ACW. Deletion of Rptor in Preosteoblasts Reveals a Role for the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) Complex in Dietary-Induced Changes to Bone Mass and Glucose Homeostasis in Female Mice. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10486. [PMID: 33977204 PMCID: PMC8101617 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) complex is the major nutrient sensor in mammalian cells that responds to amino acids, energy levels, growth factors, and hormones, such as insulin, to control anabolic and catabolic processes. We have recently shown that suppression of the mTORC1 complex in bone‐forming osteoblasts (OBs) improved glucose handling in male mice fed a normal or obesogenic diet. Mechanistically, this occurs, at least in part, by increasing OB insulin sensitivity leading to upregulation of glucose uptake and glycolysis. Given previously reported sex‐dependent differences observed upon antagonism of mTORC1 signaling, we investigated the metabolic and skeletal effects of genetic inactivation of preosteoblastic‐mTORC1 in female mice. Eight‐week‐old control diet (CD)‐fed Rptorob−/− mice had a low bone mass with a significant reduction in trabecular bone volume and trabecular number, reduced cortical bone thickness, and increased marrow adiposity. Despite no changes in body composition, CD‐fed Rptorob−/− mice exhibited significant lower fasting insulin and glucose levels and increased insulin sensitivity. Upon high‐fat diet (HFD) feeding, Rptorob−/− mice were resistant to a diet‐induced increase in whole‐body and total fat mass and protected from the development of diet‐induced insulin resistance. Notably, although 12 weeks of HFD increased marrow adiposity, with minimal changes in both trabecular and cortical bone in the female control mice, marrow adiposity was significantly reduced in HFD‐fed Rptorob−/− compared to both HFD‐fed control and CD‐fed Rptorob−/− mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that mTORC1 function in preosteoblasts is crucial for skeletal development and skeletal regulation of glucose homeostasis in both male and female mice. Importantly, loss of mTORC1 function in OBs results in metabolic and physiological adaptations that mirror a caloric restriction phenotype (under CD) and protects against HFD‐induced obesity, associated insulin resistance, and marrow adiposity expansion. These results highlight the critical contribution of the skeleton in the regulation of whole‐body energy homeostasis. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawanrat Tangseefa
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Sally K Martin
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Agnieszka Arthur
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Vasilios Panagopoulos
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Amanda J Page
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Gary A Wittert
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Christopher G Proud
- Nutrition, Diabetes & Gut Health Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Stephen Fitter
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - Andrew C W Zannettino
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Science University of Adelaide Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Cancer Program, Precision Medicine Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute Adelaide South Australia Australia.,Central Adelaide Local Health Network Adelaide South Australia Australia
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Zhu K, Hunter M, James A, Lim EM, Cooke BR, Walsh JP. Relationship between visceral adipose tissue and bone mineral density in Australian baby boomers. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2439-2448. [PMID: 32719992 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05556-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Adiposity has a complex relationship with bone health. In 4865 Australian baby boomers (2642 females) aged 45-70 years, we found that higher visceral adipose tissue mass is associated with reduced bone density adjusting for body mass and lifestyle factors, suggesting that excess visceral fat may be deleterious to bone. INTRODUCTION Increased body mass is associated with higher bone mineral density (BMD), but higher visceral adipose tissue (VAT) may have a negative impact on bone health. In the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study, we examined associations between VAT mass and BMD in 4865 participants (2642 females) aged 45-70 years. METHODS VAT mass and BMD of whole body, total hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine were measured using DXA. VAT mass was examined as a continuous variable and in quartiles using sex-specific cut-offs. RESULTS The mean age was 58.0 ± 5.8 years. Males had significantly higher BMI (28.3 ± 3.7 vs 27.5 ± 4.9 kg/m2) and VAT mass (1675 ± 878 vs 882 ± 600 g) than females (both P < 0.001). In males, after adjustment for age, body mass, height and lifestyle factors, VAT mass negatively associated with total body, total hip and femoral neck BMD (β = - 0.153 to - 0.293, all P < 0.001). Males in the highest quartile of VAT mass (> 2200 g) had significantly lower BMD at all three sites than those in lower quartiles, with estimated BMD differences of 2.3-5.7% (all P < 0.05). In females, VAT mass negatively associated with total body, femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD (β = - 0.067 to - 0.178, all P < 0.05) and those in the highest quartile (> 1250 g) had significantly lower total body BMD than other quartiles (by 1.7-3.7%, all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION In middle-aged Australians, after covariate adjustment, higher DXA-derived VAT mass is associated with reduced bone density, suggesting that excess visceral fat may be deleterious to bone, especially in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia.
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - M Hunter
- Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Busselton, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A James
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - E M Lim
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - B R Cooke
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J P Walsh
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
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Rył A, Rotter I, Szylińska A, Jurewicz A, Bohatyrewicz A, Miazgowski T. Complex interplay among fat, lean tissue, bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in older men. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19539-19545. [PMID: 33033231 PMCID: PMC7732310 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
It has been suggested that visceral fat (VF) might be a negative determinant of bone health. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess an interplay among fat, visceral fat (VF), muscle mass, bone mineral density (BMD), and markers of bone turnover in men aged 60-75 years. BMD, lean mass, total fat, VF and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Using ELISA assays, we measured serum levels of markers of bone turnover (osteocalcin, parathyroid hormone, human procollagen I N-terminal peptide, and degradation products of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen). Mean values of bone markers were within normal range. VF was found not to be associated with BMD and bone turnover markers. ASM was inversely correlated with age, and positively with BMD and lean mass. In linear regression, ASM, VF, total fat, lean mass and body mass index were significant single predictors of BMD. However, after adjustment for age, all these associations were no longer significant. In conclusion, in contrast to some studies on postmenopausal women, in older non-diabetic men with normal lean mass and body fat VF was not associated with BMD and markers of bone formation and resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rył
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szylińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alina Jurewicz
- Department of Orthopaedics Traumatology and Musculoskeletal Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Bohatyrewicz
- Department of Orthopaedics Traumatology and Musculoskeletal Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Miazgowski
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Medicine and Arterial Hypertension, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Bagherzadeh M, Sajjadi-Jazi SM, Sharifi F, Ebrahimpur M, Amininezhad F, Ostovar A, Shafiee G, Heshmat R, Mehrdad N, Razi F, Nabipour I, Larijani B. Effects of metabolic syndrome on bone health in older adults: the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1975-1984. [PMID: 32440891 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Based on the clinical, BMD, and TBS data of 2380 participants aged ≥ 60 which was gathered during the BEH program, stage II, we showed that MetS was positively associated with BMD, while a negative or no association was observed between MetS and TBS depending on the sex and the adjustment model. INTRODUCTION The results of previous reports in regard to the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on bone health are not conclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the association between MetS with bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) as an indicator of bone quantity and quality, respectively. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, this study was carried out based on the data collected during the BEH Program, stage II. MetS was defined according to NCEP-ATP III criteria. BMD (at the lumbar spine and the hip) and lumbar spine TBS were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device. RESULTS The data of 2380 participants (women = 1228, men = 1152) aged ≥ 60 were analyzed. In the fully adjusted regression models (including BMI), significant associations between MetS and mean BMD were observed across all locations in men (P values ≤ 0.001) and in the lumbar spine in women (P value = 0.003). In addition, the prevalence of osteoporosis (based on BMD) was significantly lower in those with MetS than those without MetS in both sexes, even after full adjustments (women, OR = 0.707, P value = 0.013; men, OR = 0.563, P value = 0.001). In contrast, in age-adjusted regression analyses, the prevalence of degraded bone microarchitecture (TBS ≤ 1.2) was significantly increased in those with MetS than those without, irrespective of the participants' sex (P values < 0.05). The mean TBS was also negatively associated with MetS in women (β = - 0.075, P value = 0.007) but not in men (β = - 0.052, P value = 0.077), in age-adjusted regression models. However, after including BMI in the adjusted models, all significant associations between TBS values and MetS disappeared. CONCLUSION It seems that a positive association exists between MetS and BMD, while MetS is either not associated or negatively correlated with bone quality as measured by TBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bagherzadeh
- Clinical Research Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - S M Sajjadi-Jazi
- Cell therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Sharifi
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Ebrahimpur
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Amininezhad
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Ostovar
- Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - G Shafiee
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Heshmat
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - N Mehrdad
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Razi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - I Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - B Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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50
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Pahk K, Kwon Y, Kim MK, Park S, Kim S. Visceral fat metabolic activity evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT is associated with osteoporosis in healthy postmenopausal Korean women. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:339-344. [PMID: 32561167 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally, obesity has been regarded as protective against osteoporosis. However, recent accumulating evidences suggest that visceral obesity can increase the risk of osteoporosis and obesity-driven dysfunctional metabolic activity in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is considered as a key underlying mechanism. Visceral obesity is known to increase during menopausal transition.18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is an established method to assess the degree of VAT metabolic activity. We aimed to investigate the association between VAT metabolic activity evaluated by 18F-FDG PET/CT and osteoporosis in healthy postmenopausal Korean women. METHODS A total of 115 postmenopausal women who underwent routine health check-up were enrolled in this study, retrospectively. They all underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and 18F-FDG PET/CT. Osteoporosis was defined as bone mineral density (BMD) T-score ≤ -2.5 at either lumbar spine or femoral neck. VAT metabolic activity was defined as the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of VAT divided by the SUVmax of subcutaneous adipose tissue (V/S ratio). RESULTS The participants with osteoporosis showed significantly higher V/S ratio, age, body mass index, waist circumference, and postmenopausal period than the participants without osteoporosis. V/S ratio of 1.33 was proposed as an optimal cut-off value for identifying osteoporosis. Furthermore, V/S ratio was the most significant predictive factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal woman by uni-and multivariate analyses. Interestingly, V/S ratio showed significant positive correlation with high sensitivity C-reactive protein, a surrogate marker for systemic inflammation. CONCLUSION VAT metabolic activity assessed by 18F-FDG PET/CT is associated with osteoporosis in healthy postmenopausal Korean women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kisoo Pahk
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongkeun Kwon
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Meyoung-Kon Kim
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Park
- Center for Obesity and Metabolic Disease, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungeun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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