1
|
Luo J, Wang W, Li J, Duan H, Xu C, Tian X, Zhang D. Epigenome-wide association study identifies DNA methylation loci associated with handgrip strength in Chinese monozygotic twins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1378680. [PMID: 38633108 PMCID: PMC11021642 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1378680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The decline in muscle strength and function with aging is well recognized, but remains poorly characterized at the molecular level. Here, we report the epigenetic relationship between genome-wide DNA methylation and handgrip strength (HGS) among Chinese monozygotic (MZ) twins. Methods: DNA methylation (DNAm) profiling was conducted in whole blood samples through Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing method. Generalized estimating equation was applied to regress the DNAm of each CpG with HGS. The Genomic Regions Enrichment of Annotations Tool was used to perform enrichment analysis. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were detected using comb-p. Causal inference was performed using Inference about Causation through Examination of Familial Confounding method. Finally, we validated candidate CpGs in community residents. Results: We identified 25 CpGs reaching genome-wide significance level. These CpGs located in 9 genes, especially FBLN1, RXRA, and ABHD14B. Many enriched terms highlighted calcium channels, neuromuscular junctions, and skeletal muscle organ development. We identified 21 DMRs of HGS, with several DMRs within FBLN1, SLC30A8, CST3, and SOCS3. Causal inference indicated that the DNAm of 16 top CpGs within FBLN1, RXRA, ABHD14B, MFSD6, and TYW1B might influence HGS, while HGS influenced DNAm at two CpGs within FBLN1 and RXRA. In validation analysis, methylation levels of six CpGs mapped to FLBN1 and one CpG mapped to ABHD14B were negatively associated with HGS weakness in community population. Conclusion: Our study identified multiple DNAm variants potentially related to HGS, especially CpGs within FBLN1 and ABHD14B. These findings provide new clues to the epigenetic modification underlying muscle strength decline.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Weijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jingxian Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haiping Duan
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chunsheng Xu
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaocao Tian
- Qingdao Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Dongfeng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Restoration of epigenetic impairment in the skeletal muscle and chronic inflammation resolution as a therapeutic approach in sarcopenia. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102267. [PMID: 38462046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-associated loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, accompanied by severe adverse health outcomes, such as falls and fractures, functional decline, high health costs, and mortality. Hence, its prevention and treatment have become increasingly urgent. However, despite the wide prevalence and extensive research on sarcopenia, no FDA-approved disease-modifying drugs exist. This is probably due to a poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology. Recent evidence demonstrate that sarcopenia development is characterized by two key elements: (i) epigenetic dysregulation of multiple molecular pathways associated with sarcopenia pathogenesis, such as protein remodeling, insulin resistance, mitochondria impairments, and (ii) the creation of a systemic, chronic, low-grade inflammation (SCLGI). In this review, we focus on the epigenetic regulators that have been implicated in skeletal muscle deterioration, their individual roles, and possible crosstalk. We also discuss epidrugs, which are the pharmaceuticals with the potential to restore the epigenetic mechanisms deregulated in sarcopenia. In addition, we discuss the mechanisms underlying failed SCLGI resolution in sarcopenia and the potential application of pro-resolving molecules, comprising specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) and their stable mimetics and receptor agonists. These compounds, as well as epidrugs, reveal beneficial effects in preclinical studies related to sarcopenia. Based on these encouraging observations, we propose the combination of epidrugs with SCLI-resolving agents as a new therapeutic approach for sarcopenia that can effectively attenuate of its manifestations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 4077625, Israel; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel.
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6905126, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
McAuley ABT, Hughes DC, Tsaprouni LG, Varley I, Suraci B, Bradley B, Baker J, Herbert AJ, Kelly AL. Genetic Associations With Acceleration, Change of Direction, Jump Height, and Speed in English Academy Football Players. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:350-359. [PMID: 38258831 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT McAuley, ABT, Hughes, DC, Tsaprouni, LG, Varley, I, Suraci, B, Bradley, B, Baker, J, Herbert, AJ, and Kelly, AL. Genetic associations with acceleration, change of direction, jump height, and speed in English academy football players. J Strength Cond Res 38(2): 350-359, 2024-High-intensity movements and explosive actions are commonly assessed during athlete development in football (soccer). Although many environmental factors underpin these power-orientated traits, research suggests that there is also a sizeable genetic component. Therefore, this study examined the association of 22 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with acceleration, change of direction, jump height, and speed in academy football players. One hundred and forty-nine, male, under-12 to under-23 football players from 4 English academies were examined. Subjects performed 5-, 10-, 20-, and 30-m sprints, countermovement jumps (CMJs), and the 5-0-5 agility test. Simple linear regression was used to analyze individual SNP associations, whereas both unweighted and weighted total genotype scores (TGS; TWGS) were computed to measure the combined influence of all SNPs. To control for multiple testing, a Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate of 0.05 was applied to all genotype model comparisons. In isolation, the GALNT13 (rs10196189) G allele and IL6 (rs1800795) G/G genotype were associated with faster (∼4%) 5-, 10-, and 20-m sprints and higher (∼16%) CMJs, respectively (p < 0.001). Furthermore, the TGS and TWGS significantly correlated with all performance assessments, explaining between 6 and 33% of the variance (p < 0.001). This study demonstrates that some genetic variants are associated with power-orientated phenotypes in youth football players and may add value toward a future polygenic profile of physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B T McAuley
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - David C Hughes
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Loukia G Tsaprouni
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Varley
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Bruce Suraci
- Academy Coaching Department, AFC Bournemouth, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; and
| | - Ben Bradley
- Academy Coaching Department, AFC Bournemouth, Bournemouth, United Kingdom; and
| | - Joseph Baker
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adam J Herbert
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Adam L Kelly
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Xu JQ, Pan YK, Zhang JX, Dai SX, Xu LS. Sarcopenia in liver cirrhosis: perspectives from epigenetics and microbiota. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1264205. [PMID: 37881635 PMCID: PMC10595017 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1264205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is characterized by the loss of muscle mass and function. It is well known that sarcopenia is often associated with aging, while in recent years, sarcopenia comorbid with chronic diseases such as cirrhosis has attracted widespread attention, whose underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Since cirrhosis and sarcopenia are assumed to be closely interrelated in terms of pathogenesis, this review innovatively discussed the role of epigenetic modifications and microecological dysregulation in sarcopenia in the context of liver cirrhosis. Here we illustrated the relationship between sarcopenia and cirrhosis in the aspect of epigenetics, dysbiosis, and the crosstalk between gene modifications and intestinal microecology. Furthermore, the alterations in cirrhosis patients with sarcopenia, such as inflammatory response and oxidative stress, are found to present synergistic effects in the pathways of epigenetics and dysbiosis leading to sarcopenia. This review proposes that microbiome-based therapies are promising to break the vicious cycle between epigenetic modification and dysbiosis, providing strong support for the use of intestinal microecological interventions to prevent sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-qi Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-ke Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-xin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery, Orthopedic Hospital of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-xue Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Geriatric Center, National Regional Medical Center, Ganzhou Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-shu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, National Key Clinical Specialty, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lionikas A, Hernandez Cordero AI, Kilikevicius A, Carroll AM, Bewick GS, Bunger L, Ratkevicius A, Heisler LK, Harboe M, Oxvig C. Stanniocalcin-2 inhibits skeletal muscle growth and is upregulated in functional overload-induced hypertrophy. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15793. [PMID: 37568262 PMCID: PMC10510475 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2) has recently been implicated in human muscle mass variability by genetic analysis. Biochemically, STC2 inhibits the proteolytic activity of the metalloproteinase PAPP-A, which promotes muscle growth by upregulating the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis. The aim was to examine if STC2 affects skeletal muscle mass and to assess how the IGF axis mediates muscle hypertrophy induced by functional overload. METHODS We compared muscle mass and muscle fiber morphology between Stc2-/- (n = 21) and wild-type (n = 15) mice. We then quantified IGF1, IGF2, IGF binding proteins -4 and -5 (IGFBP-4, IGFBP-5), PAPP-A and STC2 in plantaris muscles of wild-type mice subjected to 4-week unilateral overload (n = 14). RESULTS Stc2-/- mice showed up to 10% larger muscle mass compared with wild-type mice. This increase was mediated by greater cross-sectional area of muscle fibers. Overload increased plantaris mass and components of the IGF axis, including quantities of IGF1 (by 2.41-fold, p = 0.0117), IGF2 (1.70-fold, p = 0.0461), IGFBP-4 (1.48-fold, p = 0.0268), PAPP-A (1.30-fold, p = 0.0154) and STC2 (1.28-fold, p = 0.019). CONCLUSION Here we provide evidence that STC2 is an inhibitor of muscle growth upregulated, along with other components of the IGF axis, during overload-induced muscle hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arimantas Lionikas
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and NutritionUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Ana I. Hernandez Cordero
- Centre for Heart Lung InnovationUniversity of British Columbia, St. Paul's HospitalVancouverCanada
| | - Audrius Kilikevicius
- Department of Health Promotion and RehabilitationLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Andrew M. Carroll
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research LimitedPalmerston NorthNew Zealand
| | - Guy S. Bewick
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and NutritionUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Lutz Bunger
- Animal Genetics Company (AnGeCo)EdinburghScotland
| | - Aivaras Ratkevicius
- Department of Health Promotion and RehabilitationLithuanian Sports UniversityKaunasLithuania
| | - Lora K. Heisler
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and NutritionUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | - Mette Harboe
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ackert-Bicknell C, Karasik D. Proceedings of the Post-Genome Analysis for Musculoskeletal Biology Workshop. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023; 21:184-192. [PMID: 36869984 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Herein, we report on the proceedings of the workshop entitled "Post-Genome analysis for musculoskeletal biology" that was held in July of 2022 in Safed, Galilee, Israel. Supported by the Israel Science Foundation, the goal of this workshop was to bring together established investigators and their trainees who were interested in understanding the etiology of musculoskeletal disease, from Israel and from around the world. RECENT FINDINGS Presentations at this workshop spanned the spectrum from basic science to clinical studies. A major emphasis of the discussion centered on genetic studies in humans, and the limitations and advantages of such studies. The power of coupling studies using human data with functional follow-up studies in pre-clinical models such as mice, rats, and zebrafish was discussed in depth. The advantages and limitations of mice and zebrafish for faithfully modelling aspects of human disease were debated, specifically in the context of age-related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, adult-onset auto-immune disease, and osteosarcopenia. There remain significant gaps in our understanding of the nature and etiology of human musculoskeletal disease. While therapies and medications exist, much work is still needed to find safe and effective interventions for all patients suffering from diseases associated with age-related deterioration of musculoskeletal tissues. The potential of forward and reverse genetic studies has not been exhausted for diseases of muscles, joints, and bones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Ackert-Bicknell
- Colorado Program for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12800 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - David Karasik
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Jiang W, Zhan W, Zhou L, Dong M, Liu L, Xu X, Cao Z. Potential therapeutic targets for sarcopenia identified by Mendelian randomisation. Age Ageing 2023; 52:7049634. [PMID: 36821647 PMCID: PMC9949583 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying sarcopenia's causally associated plasma proteins would provide potential therapeutic targets. METHODS We screened out sarcopenia-related proteins with genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data and cis-protein loci genetic instruments. Summary data of sarcopenia were obtained from a GWAS of 256,523 Europeans aged 60 years and over. The causal effects of the proteins were investigated by cis-Mendelian Randomisation (MR) and multiverse sensitivity analysis. We also explored the robust proteins' causal associations with appendicular lean mass (ALM) and surveyed their druggability and clinical development activities. RESULTS In sum, 60 proteins from plasma proteome analysis studies and 12 from other studies were enrolled for MR analysis. In the whole population, four proteins (HPT, AT1B2, ISLR2 and TNF12) showed causal associations with the risk of sarcopenia according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) criterion. In the female population, AT1B2 and TNFSF12 revealed causal associations with sarcopenia risk according to the EWGSOP criterion; HGF revealed a negative association according to the National Institutes of Health criterion. All of them were druggable, and the inhibitors of TNF12 and HGF were evaluated in clinical trials for other diseases. TNF12 also revealed a negative causal association with ALM, whereas HGF was positively causally associated with ALM. CONCLUSIONS Five druggable plasma proteins revealed causal associations with sarcopenia in the whole or female populations. TNF12 and HGF were the targets of therapeutic agents evaluated in clinical trials, and they were also causally associated with ALM. Our study suggested the potential mechanisms and therapeutic targets for sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| | - Wenli Zhan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| | - Luoqi Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| | - Minghao Dong
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| | - Xiangshang Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| | - Zhixin Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 4300030, PRChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Correia IM, da Silva Rodrigues G, Noronha NY, Watanabe LM, Luciano de Almeida M, Sobrinho ACDS, Nonino CB, Bueno Júnior CR. Older postmenopausal women with lower lean mass have hypermethylated sites in the PI3K-Akt pathway. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1150821. [PMID: 37123284 PMCID: PMC10143498 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1150821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The decrease in lean mass is directly related to the loss of independence, muscle strength, and worse quality of life over the years. Although the genetic determinants of muscle mass were well recognized, recent literature has been uncovering new epigenetic factors affecting the state of muscular tissue. This study aimed to verify differences in the DNA methylation profile among Brazilian postmenopausal women aged 50-70 years according to the lean mass evaluation. Methods: A cross-sectional study comprised 40 women aged 50-70 years. After K-means cluster analysis the 40 participants were divided into two groups, the Lower Lean Mass group with 20 participants (61.1 ± 4.6 years) and the Higher Lean Mass group with 20 participants (60.7 ± 3.2 years). Lean mass was measured by dual-energy X-ray emission densitometry (DEXA). The participants' DNA was extracted using the Salting Out technique and subsequently, the Illumina 850k EPIC Infinium Methylation BeadChip was performed to obtain methylation data. Results: We obtained 1,913 differentially methylated sites (p ≤ 0.005 of β > 5% and β < -5%) in a total of 979 genes between groups (p ≤ 0.005; -5% > β > 5%). In addition, the PI3K-Akt pathway had the greatest power of significance with an FDR of 4.6 × 10-3. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate a differentiation between specific sites of different genes, which have essential functions in body composition and energy metabolism, supporting future studies that aim to relate lean mass with epigenetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Igor Massari Correia
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues,
| | - Natália Yumi Noronha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lígia Moriguchi Watanabe
- Department of Health Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Carla Barbosa Nonino
- College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- College of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
McAuley AB, Hughes DC, Tsaprouni LG, Varley I, Suraci B, Baker J, Herbert AJ, Kelly AL. Genetic Variations between Youth and Professional Development Phase English Academy Football Players. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13112001. [PMID: 36360238 PMCID: PMC9689905 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in the genotype frequency distribution of thirty-three single nucleotide variants (SNVs) between youth development phase (YDP) and professional development phase (PDP) academy football players. One hundred and sixty-six male football players from two Category 1 and Category 3 English academies were examined within their specific age phase: YDP (n = 92; aged 13.84 ± 1.63 years) and PDP (n = 74; aged 18.09 ± 1.51 years). Fisher's exact tests were used to compare individual genotype frequencies, whereas unweighted and weighted total genotype scores (TGS; TWGS) were computed to assess differences in polygenic profiles. In isolation, the IL6 (rs1800795) G allele was overrepresented in PDP players (90.5%) compared to YDP players (77.2%; p = 0.023), whereby PDP players had nearly three times the odds of possessing a G allele (OR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.13-7.09). The TGS (p = 0.001) and TWGS (p < 0.001) were significant, but poor, in distinguishing YDP and PDP players (AUC = 0.643-0.694), with PDP players exhibiting an overall more power-orientated polygenic profile. If validated in larger independent youth football cohorts, these findings may have important implications for future studies examining genetic associations in youth football.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B.T. McAuley
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - David C. Hughes
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
| | - Loukia G. Tsaprouni
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
| | - Ian Varley
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Bruce Suraci
- Academy Coaching Department, AFC Bournemouth, Bournemouth BH7 7AF, UK
| | - Joseph Baker
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Adam J. Herbert
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
| | - Adam L. Kelly
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University, Birmingham B15 3TN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Borges M, Sousa E, Medeiros J, Medeiros R, Oliveira V, Costa R, Luchessi A, Dantas P. PUNTO ÓPTIMO CARDIORRESPIRATORIO, COMPOSICION CORPORAL Y MEDIDAS BIOQUÍMICAS: UN ESTUDIO CON GEMELOS. REVISTA INTERNACIONAL DE MEDICINA Y CIENCIAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y DEL DEPORTE 2022. [DOI: 10.15366/rimcafd2022.87.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
El propósito de este estudio fue investigar la relación de la composición corporal y las variables bioquímicas con el POC, así como observar la tendencia de la heredabilidad. Estudio transversal con gemelos monocigóticos y dicigóticos adultos. Para obtener los valores del POC, la prueba de ejercicio cardiopulmonar fue realizada se realizó un protocolo con sobre cinta rodante. Para la composición corporal, se utilizaron laabsorciometríade energía dual y la antropometría. Para las inferencias, se realizaron la concordancia de Spearman y la prueba de hipótesisMann-Whitney.Los resultados mostraron que lasvariables de composición corporal no se correlacionaron significativamente con el punto óptimo cardiorrespiratorio. El Punto Óptimo Cardiorrespiratorio y las variables bioquímicas en general demostraron una mayor tendencia a ser influenciados por factores ambientales. El comportamiento de las variables de composición corporal demostró una mayor influencia de la heredabilidad.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wagner S, Manickam R, Brotto M, Tipparaju SM. NAD + centric mechanisms and molecular determinants of skeletal muscle disease and aging. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1829-1848. [PMID: 35334034 PMCID: PMC10065019 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04408-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential redox cofactor, involved in various physiological and molecular processes, including energy metabolism, epigenetics, aging, and metabolic diseases. NAD+ repletion ameliorates muscular dystrophy and improves the mitochondrial and muscle stem cell function and thereby increase lifespan in mice. Accordingly, NAD+ is considered as an anti-oxidant and anti-aging molecule. NAD+ plays a central role in energy metabolism and the energy produced is used for movements, thermoregulation, and defense against foreign bodies. The dietary precursors of NAD+ synthesis is targeted to improve NAD+ biosynthesis; however, studies have revealed conflicting results regarding skeletal muscle-specific effects. Recent advances in the activation of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase in the NAD+ salvage pathway and supplementation of NAD+ precursors have led to beneficial effects in skeletal muscle pathophysiology and function during aging and associated metabolic diseases. NAD+ is also involved in the epigenetic regulation and post-translational modifications of proteins that are involved in various cellular processes to maintain tissue homeostasis. This review provides detailed insights into the roles of NAD+ along with molecular mechanisms during aging and disease conditions, such as the impacts of age-related NAD+ deficiencies on NAD+-dependent enzymes, including poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARPs), CD38, and sirtuins within skeletal muscle, and the most recent studies on the potential of nutritional supplementation and distinct modes of exercise to replenish the NAD+ pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Wagner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF Health Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 030, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ravikumar Manickam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF Health Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 030, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, University of Texas-Arlington (UTA), Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Srinivas M Tipparaju
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, USF Health Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, MDC 030, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Multi-omics research in sarcopenia: Current progress and future prospects. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 76:101576. [PMID: 35104630 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is a systemic disease with progressive and generalized skeletal muscle dysfunction defined by age-related low muscle mass, high content of muscle slow fibers, and low muscle function. Muscle phenotypes and sarcopenia risk are heritable; however, the genetic architecture and molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia remain largely unclear. In recent years, significant progress has been made in determining susceptibility loci using genome-wide association studies. In addition, recent advances in omics techniques, including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, offer new opportunities to identify novel targets to help us understand the pathophysiology of sarcopenia. However, each individual technology cannot capture the entire view of the biological complexity of this disorder, while integrative multi-omics analyses may be able to reveal new insights. Here, we review the latest findings of multi-omics studies for sarcopenia and provide an in-depth summary of our current understanding of sarcopenia pathogenesis. Leveraging multi-omics data could give us a holistic understanding of sarcopenia etiology that may lead to new clinical applications. This review offers guidance and recommendations for fundamental research, innovative perspectives, and preventative and therapeutic interventions for sarcopenia.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zbinden-Foncea H, Castro-Sepulveda M, Fuentes J, Speisky H. Effect of epicatechin on skeletal muscle. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:1110-1123. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666211217100020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
:
Loss of skeletal muscle (SkM) quality is associated with different clinical conditions such as aging, diabetes, obesity, cancer and heart failure. Nutritional research has focused on identifying naturally occurring molecules that mitigate the loss of SkM quality induced by a pathology or syndrome. In this context, although few human studies have been conducted, Epicatechin (Epi) is a prime candidate that may positively affect SkM quality by its potential ability to mitigate muscle mass loss. This seems to be a consequence of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory properties, and its stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis to increase myogenic differentiation, as well as its modulation of key proteins involved in SkM structure, function, metabolism, and growth. In conclusion, the Epi could prevent, mitigate, delay, and even treat muscle-related disorders caused by aging and diseases, however, studies in humans are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jocelyn Fuentes
- School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hernan Speisky
- Laboratory of Antioxidants, Nutrition and Food Technology Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sun T, Wang T, Qiu Y, Shen S, Yang X, Yang Y, Huang B, Wang W. A Sarcopenia-Based Prediction Model for Postoperative Complications of ex vivo Liver Resection and Autotransplantation to Treat End-Stage Hepatic Alveolar Echinococcosis. Infect Drug Resist 2021; 14:4887-4901. [PMID: 34848980 PMCID: PMC8627200 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s340478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcopenia and visceral adiposity have been shown to be associated with postoperative complications in numerous diseases. However, their effects on the postoperative complications of end-stage hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE) patients undergoing ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA) remain unclear. Methods This retrospective study included 101 end-stage HAE patients who underwent ELRA from January 2014 to August 2020. We measured the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of all patients at the level of the third lumbar vertebra on plain abdominal computed tomography (CT) images and subsequently derived an equation via least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis to calculate the sarcopenia score. Univariate and multivariate regression were performed to reveal the relationship between major postoperative complications and perioperative clinical data, and the obtained nomogram was validated with the bootstrapping method. Results The sarcopenia score was constructed as a personalized indicator to evaluate sarcopenia and visceral adiposity in each patient. Logistic regression analysis finally selected duration from primary diagnosis to obvious symptoms (OR=1.024, 95% CI, 1.007-1.042), surgical time (OR=1.003, 95% CI, 0.999-1.007) and sarcopenia score (OR=4.283, 95% CI, 1.739-10.551) as independent risk factors for predicting major postoperative complications following ELRA for end-stage HAE patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.807 (95% CI, 0.720-0.895) and the calibration curve for this prediction model were satisfactory. Conclusion The sarcopenia score, which systematically evaluates the skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of end-stage HAE patients, was a significant predictive factor for major postoperative complications of ELRA. Relevant interventions should be conducted for those who have a high risk of postoperative complications according to the nomogram.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Sun
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Qiu
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Shen
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwei Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Department of Liver Surgery & Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tan LJ, Li XH, Li GG, Hu Y, Chen XD, Deng HW. Identification of novel pleiotropic gene for bone mineral density and lean mass using the cFDR method. Ann Hum Genet 2021; 85:201-212. [PMID: 34115876 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bone mineral density (BMD) and whole-body lean mass (WBLM) are two important phenotypes of osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Previous studies have shown that BMD and lean mass were phenotypically and genetically correlated. To identify the novel common genetic factors shared between BMD and WBLM, we performed the conditional false discovery rate (cFDR) analysis using summary data of the genome-wide association study of femoral neck BMD (n = 53,236) and WBLM (n = 38,292) from the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis Consortium (GEFOS). We identified eight pleiotropic Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) (PLCL1 rs11684176 and rs2880389, JAZF1 rs198, ADAMTSL3 rs10906982, RFTN2/MARS2 rs7340470, SH3GL3 rs1896797, ST7L rs10776755, ANKRD44/SF3B1 rs11888760) significantly associated with femoral neck BMD and WBLM (ccFDR < 0.05). Bayesian fine-mapping analysis showed that rs11888760, rs198, and rs1896797 were the possible functional variants in the ANKRD44/SF3B1, JAZF1i, and SH3GL3 loci, respectively. Functional annotation suggested that rs11888760 was likely to comprise a DNA regulatory element and linked to the expression of RFTN2 and PLCL1. PLCL1 showed differential expression in laryngeal posterior cricoarytenoid muscle between rats of 6 months and 30 months of age. Our findings, together with PLCL1's potential functional relevance to bone and skeletal muscle function, suggested that rs11888760 was the possible pleiotropic functional variants appearing to coregulate both bone and muscle metabolism through regulating the expression of PLCL1. The findings enhanced our knowledge of genetic associations between BMD and lean mass and provide a rationale for subsequent functional studies of the implicated genes in the pathophysiology of diseases, such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Gai-Gai Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang-Ding Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Center of Bioinformatics and Genomics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brener A, Waksman Y, Rosenfeld T, Levy S, Peleg I, Raviv A, Interator H, Lebenthal Y. The heritability of body composition. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:225. [PMID: 33964919 PMCID: PMC8105919 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02695-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical growth during childhood and adolescence is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Heritability, the proportion of phenotypic variance explained by genetic factors, has been demonstrated for stature and weight status. The aim of this study was to explore the heritability of body composition. METHODS A real-life, observational study of the children and adolescents referred to the Endocrine Unit in a tertiary medical center. In January 2018, body composition by means of bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was implemented as part of the standard intake assessment of subjects referred for endocrine consultation. The clinic BIA database was searched for subjects with the term "observation of growth" as the sole reason for referral. BIA of 114 triads of healthy subjects aged 5-18 years and their parents were analyzed. The BIA report included the following data: fat mass, fat percentage, truncal fat percentage and muscle mass. Calculated variables included: appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM = the sum of muscle mass of four limbs), muscle-to-fat ratio [MFR = ASMM (kg)/fat mass (kg)] and sarcopenic index [(SI = ASMM(kg)/height (meter)²]. Data collection from medical files included pubertal stage and home address for socioeconomic position grading. RESULTS There were sex differences in body composition parameters in both the prepubertal and pubertal subjects. The boys among the prepubertal subjects had a lower fat percentage on average than girls (p = 0.020). Among the adolescents, boys on average had lower fat percentage (p = 0.011), higher sarcopenic index (p = 0.021), and higher muscle-to-fat ratio (p < 0.001), than adolescent girls. Correlation analyses between body composition parameters of all participants revealed significant correlations in the sarcopenic index of prepubertal children and their parents (boys-fathers: r = 0.380, p = 0.050; boys-mothers: r = 0.435, p = 0.026; girls-fathers: r = 0.462, p = 0.012; girls-mothers: r = 0.365, p = 0.050) and adiposity indices (fat percentage, truncal fat percentage and muscle-to-fat ratio) of prepubertal boys and their mothers (r = 0.438, p = 0.025; r = 0.420, p = 0.033, and r = 0.478, p = 0.014, respectively). There were no associations between body composition parameters of adolescents and their parents. Socioeconomic position adversely affected fat percentage in adolescent girls and mothers. CONCLUSIONS Heritable body composition traits were demonstrated in childhood but not in adolescence, suggesting that environmental influence has a more telling effect during teenage years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avivit Brener
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Yarden Waksman
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Talya Rosenfeld
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Nutrition & Dietetics Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigal Levy
- Statistical Education Unit, The Academic College of Tel Aviv Yaffo, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Itai Peleg
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Raviv
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagar Interator
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Nutrition & Dietetics Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Lebenthal
- Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Song YM, Lee K. Comparison of the associations between appendicular lean mass adjustment methods and cardiometabolic factors. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 30:2271-2278. [PMID: 32980247 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2020.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS To compare the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between appendicular lean mass (ALM) and cardiometabolic risk factors according to body-size adjustment methods and the contributions of genetic and/or environmental factors to the correlations between those traits. METHODS AND RESULTS Regression coefficients per sex-specific 1 standard deviation in bodyweight (wt), body mass index (BMI), or height-squared (ht2) adjusted ALM (assessed using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer (DXA) and a bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) at baseline)/changes in these indices (assessed using BIA) were compared in terms of their associations with blood pressure (BP), lipid profiles, and insulin resistance profiles in 2655 participants for cross-sectional analysis and 332 participants for longitudinal analysis (follow-up time, 32.2 ± 7.9 months). A bivariate genetic analysis of the genetic/environmental cross-trait correlations was conducted to determine their cross-sectional relationships. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors, health behaviors, and BMI in the analysis for ALM/ht2, ALM/wt and ALM/BMI had favorable associations with all cardiometabolic risk factors, while ALM/ht2 had favorable associations with some risk factors. In longitudinal associations, changes in ALM/wt and ALM/BMI had inverse associations with increments of lipid profiles, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA), while change in ALM/ht2 did not have associations with increments of cardiometabolic risk factors. ALM/ht2 had genetic correlations with seven of nine risk factors; ALM/wt and ALM/BMI had correlations with three and one risk factors, respectively. CONCLUSION ALM/wt and ALM/BMI are better indicators for cardiometabolic risk factors; genetic factors may contribute more to the correlations between ALM/ht2 and those traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Mi Song
- Department of Family Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kayoung Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pei YF, Liu YZ, Yang XL, Zhang H, Feng GJ, Wei XT, Zhang L. The genetic architecture of appendicular lean mass characterized by association analysis in the UK Biobank study. Commun Biol 2020; 3:608. [PMID: 33097823 PMCID: PMC7585446 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Appendicular lean mass (ALM) is a heritable trait associated with loss of lean muscle mass and strength, or sarcopenia, but its genetic determinants are largely unknown. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 450,243 UK Biobank participants to uncover its genetic architecture. A total of 1059 conditionally independent variants from 799 loci were identified at the genome-wide significance level (p < 5 × 10-9), all of which were also significant at p < 5 × 10-5 in both sexes. These variants explained ~15.5% of the phenotypic variance, accounting for more than one quarter of the total ~50% GWAS-attributable heritability. There was no difference in genetic effect between sexes or among different age strata. Heritability was enriched in certain functional categories, such as conserved and coding regions, and in tissues related to the musculoskeletal system. Polygenic risk score prediction well distinguished participants with high and low ALM. The findings are important not only for lean mass but also for other complex diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, as ALM is shown to be a protective factor for type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Fang Pei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yao-Zhong Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Xiao-Lin Yang
- Department of Research, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Gui-Juan Feng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xin-Tong Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China.
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Soochow, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li J, Yi X, Yao Z, Chakkalakal JV, Xing L, Boyce BF. TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 6 Mediates TNFα-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Mice During Aging. J Bone Miner Res 2020; 35:1535-1548. [PMID: 32267572 PMCID: PMC7429284 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
During aging, muscle mass decreases, leading to sarcopenia, associated with low-level chronic inflammation (inflammaging), which induces sarcopenia by promoting proteolysis of muscle fibers and inhibiting their regeneration. Patients with a variety of pathologic conditions associated with sarcopenia, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have systemically elevated TNFα serum levels, and transgenic mice with TNFα overexpression (TNF-Tg mice, a model of RA) develop sarcopenia between adolescence and adulthood before they age. However, if and how TNFα contributes to the pathogenesis of sarcopenia during the normal aging process and in RA remains largely unknown. We report that TNFα levels are increased in skeletal muscles of aged WT mice, associated with muscle atrophy and decreased numbers of satellite cells and Type IIA myofibers, a phenotype that we also observed in adult TNF-Tg mice. Aged WT mice also have increased numbers of myeloid lineage cells in their skeletal muscles, including macrophages and granulocytes. These cells have increased TNFα expression, which impairs myogenic cell differentiation. Expression levels of TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, which mediates signaling by some TNF receptor (TNFR) family members, are elevated in skeletal muscles of both aged WT mice and adult TNF-Tg mice. TRAF6 binds to TNFR2 in C2C12 myoblasts and mediates TNFα-induced muscle atrophy through NF-κB-induced transcription of the muscle-specific E3 ligases, Atrogen1 and Murf1, which promote myosin heavy-chain degradation. Haplo-deficiency of TRAF6 prevents muscle atrophy and the decrease in numbers of satellite cells, Type IIA myofibers, and myogenic regeneration in TRAF6+/- ;TNF-Tg mice. Our findings suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of TRAF6 signaling in skeletal muscles during aging could treat/prevent age- and RA-related sarcopenia by preventing TNFα-induced proteolysis and inhibition of muscle fiber regeneration. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Xiangjiao Yi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiang Yao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joe V Chakkalakal
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Lianping Xing
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Brendan F Boyce
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Allum F, Grundberg E. Capturing functional epigenomes for insight into metabolic diseases. Mol Metab 2020; 38:100936. [PMID: 32199819 PMCID: PMC7300388 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic diseases such as obesity are known to be driven by both environmental and genetic factors. Although genome-wide association studies of common variants and their impact on complex traits have provided some biological insight into disease etiology, identified genetic variants have been found to contribute only a small proportion to disease heritability, and to map mainly to non-coding regions of the genome. To link variants to function, association studies of cellular traits, such as epigenetic marks, in disease-relevant tissues are commonly applied. Scope of the review We review large-scale efforts to generate genome-wide maps of coordinated epigenetic marks and their utility in complex disease dissection with a focus on DNA methylation. We contrast DNA methylation profiling methods and discuss the advantages of using targeted methods for single-base resolution assessments of methylation levels across tissue-specific regulatory regions to deepen our understanding of contributing factors leading to complex diseases. Major conclusions Large-scale assessments of DNA methylation patterns in metabolic disease-linked study cohorts have provided insight into the impact of variable epigenetic variants in disease etiology. In-depth profiling of epigenetic marks at regulatory regions, particularly at tissue-specific elements, will be key to dissect the genetic and environmental components contributing to metabolic disease onset and progression. Changes in epigenetic marks have been linked to metabolic disease phenotypes. Disease-linked sites of variable DNA methylation status are enriched in distal regulatory regions of disease-linked tissues. Distal regulatory elements remain underrepresented in popular array-based methylation profiling technologies. Novel next-generation capture methods provide cost-effective solutions to assess the impact of DNA methylation in metabolic diseases specifically at regulatory elements. Improvements in methodologies to account for tissue heterogeneity and causality will be crucial in future epigenome-wide association studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Allum
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, H3A 0C7, Canada; McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montréal, Québec, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Elin Grundberg
- Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hu J, Askary AM, Thurman TJ, Spiller DA, Palmer TM, Pringle RM, Barrett RDH. The Epigenetic Signature of Colonizing New Environments in Anolis Lizards. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 36:2165-2170. [PMID: 31147693 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Founder populations often show rapid divergence from source populations after colonizing new environments. Epigenetic modifications can mediate phenotypic responses to environmental change and may be an important mechanism promoting rapid differentiation in founder populations. Whereas many long-term studies have explored the extent to which divergence between source and founder populations is genetically heritable versus plastic, the role of epigenetic processes during colonization remains unclear. To investigate epigenetic modifications in founding populations, we experimentally colonized eight small Caribbean islands with brown anole lizards (Anolis sagrei) from a common source population. We then quantitatively measured genome-wide DNA methylation in liver tissue using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing of individuals transplanted onto islands with high- versus low-habitat quality. We found that lizard sex and habitat quality explained a significant proportion of epigenetic variation. Differentially methylated cytosines mapped to genes that encode proteins with functions likely to be relevant to habitat change (e.g., signal transduction, immune response, circadian rhythm). This study provides experimental evidence of a relationship between epigenetic responses and the earliest stages of colonization of novel environments in nature and suggests that habitat quality influences the nature of these epigenetic modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juntao Hu
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arash M Askary
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Timothy J Thurman
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panamá, República de Panamá
| | - Dave A Spiller
- Section of Evolution and Ecology and Center for Population Biology, University of California, Davis, CA
| | - Todd M Palmer
- Mpala Research Centre, Nanyuki, Kenya.,Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Robert M Pringle
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ
| | - Rowan D H Barrett
- Redpath Museum and Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hernandez Cordero AI, Gonzales NM, Parker CC, Sokolof G, Vandenbergh DJ, Cheng R, Abney M, Sko A, Douglas A, Palmer AA, Gregory JS, Lionikas A. Genome-wide Associations Reveal Human-Mouse Genetic Convergence and Modifiers of Myogenesis, CPNE1 and STC2. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 105:1222-1236. [PMID: 31761296 PMCID: PMC6904802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle bulk in adult healthy humans is highly variable even after height, age, and sex are accounted for. Low muscle mass, due to fewer and/or smaller constituent muscle fibers, would exacerbate the impact of muscle loss occurring in aging or disease. Genetic variability substantially influences muscle mass differences, but causative genes remain largely unknown. In a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on appendicular lean mass (ALM) in a population of 85,750 middle-aged (aged 38-49 years) individuals from the UK Biobank (UKB), we found 182 loci associated with ALM (p < 5 × 10-8). We replicated associations for 78% of these loci (p < 5 × 10-8) with ALM in a population of 181,862 elderly (aged 60-74 years) individuals from UKB. We also conducted a GWAS on hindlimb skeletal muscle mass of 1,867 mice from an advanced intercross between two inbred strains (LG/J and SM/J); this GWAS identified 23 quantitative trait loci. Thirty-eight positional candidates distributed across five loci overlapped between the two species. In vitro studies of positional candidates confirmed CPNE1 and STC2 as modifiers of myogenesis. Collectively, these findings shed light on the genetics of muscle mass variability in humans and identify targets for the development of interventions for treatment of muscle loss. The overlapping results between humans and the mouse model GWAS point to shared genetic mechanisms across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Hernandez Cordero
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Natalia M Gonzales
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Clarissa C Parker
- Department of Psychology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA; Program in Neuroscience, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT, 05753, USA
| | - Greta Sokolof
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David J Vandenbergh
- Department of Biobehavioral Health, Penn State Institute for the Neurosciences, and Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Sciences Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Riyan Cheng
- Department of Health Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark Abney
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Andrew Sko
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alex Douglas
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Abraham A Palmer
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jennifer S Gregory
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK AB24 3FX, UK
| | - Arimantas Lionikas
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences, and Nutrition, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK AB24 3FX, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Livshits G, Kalinkovich A. Inflammaging as a common ground for the development and maintenance of sarcopenia, obesity, cardiomyopathy and dysbiosis. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 56:100980. [PMID: 31726228 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia, obesity and their coexistence, obese sarcopenia (OBSP) as well as atherosclerosis-related cardio-vascular diseases (ACVDs), including chronic heart failure (CHF), are among the greatest public health concerns in the ageing population. A clear age-dependent increased prevalence of sarcopenia and OBSP has been registered in CHF patients, suggesting mechanistic relationships. Development of OBSP could be mediated by a crosstalk between the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) and the skeletal muscle under conditions of low-grade local and systemic inflammation, inflammaging. The present review summarizes the emerging data supporting the idea that inflammaging may serve as a mutual mechanism governing the development of sarcopenia, OBSP and ACVDs. In support of this hypothesis, various immune cells release pro-inflammatory mediators in the skeletal muscle and myocardium. Subsequently, the endothelial structure is disrupted, and cellular processes, such as mitochondrial activity, mitophagy, and autophagy are impaired. Inflamed myocytes lose their contractile properties, which is characteristic of sarcopenia and CHF. Inflammation may increase the risk of ACVD events in a hyperlipidemia-independent manner. Significant reduction of ACVD event rates, without the lowering of plasma lipids, following a specific targeting of key pro-inflammatory cytokines confirms a key role of inflammation in ACVD pathogenesis. Gut dysbiosis, an imbalanced gut microbial community, is known to be deeply involved in the pathogenesis of age-associated sarcopenia and ACVDs by inducing and supporting inflammaging. Dysbiosis induces the production of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is implicated in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and poor CHF prognosis. In OBSP, AT dysfunction and inflammation induce, in concert with dysbiosis, lipotoxicity and other pathophysiological processes, thus exacerbating sarcopenia and CHF. Administration of specialized, inflammation pro-resolving mediators has been shown to ameliorate the inflammatory manifestations. Considering all these findings, we hypothesize that sarcopenia, OBSP, CHF and dysbiosis are inflammaging-oriented disorders, whereby inflammaging is common and most probably the causative mechanism driving their pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.; Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel..
| | - Alexander Kalinkovich
- Human Population Biology Research Unit, Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gensous N, Bacalini MG, Franceschi C, Meskers CGM, Maier AB, Garagnani P. Age-Related DNA Methylation Changes: Potential Impact on Skeletal Muscle Aging in Humans. Front Physiol 2019; 10:996. [PMID: 31427991 PMCID: PMC6688482 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Human aging is accompanied by a decline in muscle mass and muscle function, which is commonly referred to as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia is associated with detrimental clinical outcomes, such as a reduced quality of life, frailty, an increased risk of falls, fractures, hospitalization, and mortality. The exact underlying mechanisms of sarcopenia are poorly delineated and the molecular mechanisms driving the development and progression of this disorder remain to be uncovered. Previous studies have described age-related differences in gene expression, with one study identifying an age-specific expression signature of sarcopenia, but little is known about the influence of epigenetics, and specially of DNA methylation, in its pathogenesis. In this review, we will focus on the available knowledge in literature on the characterization of DNA methylation profiles during skeletal muscle aging and the possible impact of physical activity and nutrition. We will consider the possible use of the recently developed DNA methylation-based biomarkers of aging called epigenetic clocks in the assessment of physical performance in older individuals. Finally, we will discuss limitations and future directions of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Gensous
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Franceschi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Carel G M Meskers
- Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Andrea B Maier
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdam, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourne, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paolo Garagnani
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Clinical Chemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Applied Biomedical Research Center (CRBA), Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Bologna, Italy.,CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics, Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW A growing body of epidemiological and experimental data indicate that nutritional or environmental stressors during early development can induce long-term adaptations that increase risk of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic conditions-a phenomenon termed "developmental programming." A common phenotype in humans and animal models is altered body composition, with reduced muscle and bone mass, and increased fat mass. In this review, we summarize the recent literature linking prenatal factors to future body composition and explore contributing mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS Many prenatal exposures, including intrauterine growth restriction, extremes of birth weight, maternal obesity, and maternal diabetes, are associated with increased fat mass, reduced muscle mass, and decreased bone density, with effects reported throughout infancy and childhood, and persisting into middle age. Mechanisms and mediators include maternal diet, breastmilk composition, metabolites, appetite regulation, genetic and epigenetic influences, stem cell commitment and function, and mitochondrial metabolism. Differences in body composition are a common phenotype following disruptions to the prenatal environment, and may contribute to developmental programming of obesity and diabetes risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Isganaitis
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, 1 Joslin Place, Room 655A, Boston, 02215, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
A broad scientific consensus has emerged linking multiple sclerosis (MS) risk to multiple independent and interacting DNA variants that are relatively frequent in the population and act in concert with environmental exposures. The multifactorial, polygenic model of heritability provided the rationale and impetus to pursue genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which have been highly successful in uncovering genetic variants influencing susceptibility. Over 200 loci have been firmly associated with MS susceptibility. The main association signal genome-wide maps to the major histocompatibility complex ( MHC) gene cluster in chromosome 6p21. This association has been observed across all populations studied. However, a significant proportion of MS heritability remains unexplained. Decoding the genetics of MS represents a long-standing and important research goal in this disease, as the demonstration of even modest functional genomic effects on risk or the course of MS is likely to reveal fundamental disease mechanisms and possibly yield new therapeutic opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ester Canto
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- Department of Neurology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Soerensen M, Li W, Debrabant B, Nygaard M, Mengel-From J, Frost M, Christensen K, Christiansen L, Tan Q. Epigenome-wide exploratory study of monozygotic twins suggests differentially methylated regions to associate with hand grip strength. Biogerontology 2019; 20:627-647. [PMID: 31254144 PMCID: PMC6733812 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-019-09818-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Hand grip strength is a measure of muscular strength and is used to study age-related loss of physical capacity. In order to explore the biological mechanisms that influence hand grip strength variation, an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of hand grip strength in 672 middle-aged and elderly monozygotic twins (age 55–90 years) was performed, using both individual and twin pair level analyses, the latter controlling the influence of genetic variation. Moreover, as measurements of hand grip strength performed over 8 years were available in the elderly twins (age 73–90 at intake), a longitudinal EWAS was conducted for this subsample. No genome-wide significant CpG sites or pathways were found, however two of the suggestive top CpG sites were mapped to the COL6A1 and CACNA1B genes, known to be related to muscular dysfunction. By investigating genomic regions using the comb-p algorithm, several differentially methylated regions in regulatory domains were identified as significantly associated to hand grip strength, and pathway analyses of these regions revealed significant pathways related to the immune system, autoimmune disorders, including diabetes type 1 and viral myocarditis, as well as negative regulation of cell differentiation. The genes contributing to the immunological pathways were HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DMA, HLA-DPB1, MYH10, ERAP1 and IRF8, while the genes implicated in the negative regulation of cell differentiation were IRF8, CEBPD, ID2 and BRCA1. In conclusion, this exploratory study suggests hand grip strength to associate with differentially methylated regions enriched in immunological and cell differentiation pathways, and hence merits further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mette Soerensen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Weilong Li
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Birgit Debrabant
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Marianne Nygaard
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Jonas Mengel-From
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Morten Frost
- Endocrine Research Unit, KMEB, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Lene Christiansen
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Qihua Tan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 4, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li S, Wong EM, Nguyen TL, Joo JHE, Stone J, Dite GS, Giles GG, Saffery R, Southey MC, Hopper JL. Causes of blood methylomic variation for middle-aged women measured by the HumanMethylation450 array. Epigenetics 2018; 12:973-981. [PMID: 29099274 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2017.1384891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To address the limitations in current classic twin/family research on the genetic and/or environmental causes of human methylomic variation, we measured blood DNA methylation for 479 women (mean age 56 years) including 66 monozygotic (MZ), 66 dizygotic (DZ) twin pairs and 215 sisters of twins, and 11 random technical duplicates using the HumanMethylation450 array. For each methylation site, we estimated the correlation for pairs of duplicates, MZ twins, DZ twins, and siblings, fitted variance component models by assuming the variation is explained by genetic factors, by shared and individual environmental factors, and by independent measurement error, and assessed the best fitting model. We found that the average (standard deviation) correlations for duplicate, MZ, DZ, and sibling pairs were 0.10 (0.35), 0.07 (0.21), -0.01 (0.14) and -0.04 (0.07). At the genome-wide significance level of 10-7, 93.3% of sites had no familial correlation, and 5.6%, 0.1%, and 0.2% of sites were correlated for MZ, DZ, and sibling pairs. For 86.4%, 6.9%, and 7.1% of sites, the best fitting model included measurement error only, a genetic component, and at least one environmental component. For the 13.6% of sites influenced by genetic and/or environmental factors, the average proportion of variance explained by environmental factors was greater than that explained by genetic factors (0.41 vs. 0.37, P value <10-15). Our results are consistent with, for middle-aged woman, blood methylomic variation measured by the HumanMethylation450 array being largely explained by measurement error, and more influenced by environmental factors than by genetic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- a Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Ee Ming Wong
- b Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia.,c Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Tuong L Nguyen
- a Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Ji-Hoon Eric Joo
- b Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia.,c Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Jennifer Stone
- d Centre for Genetic Origins of Health and Disease , Curtin University and the University of Western Australia , Perth , Western Australia , Australia
| | - Gillian S Dite
- a Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- a Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia.,e Cancer Epidemiology and Intelligence Division , Cancer Council Victoria , Melbourne , Victoria , Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- f Murdoch Children's Research Institute , Royal Children's Hospital , Parkville , Victoria , Australia.,g Department of Paediatrics , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| | - Melissa C Southey
- b Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia.,c Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - John L Hopper
- a Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Livshits G, Malkin I, Bowyer RC, Verdi S, Bell JT, Menni C, Williams FM, Steves CJ. Multi-OMICS analyses of frailty and chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain suggest involvement of shared neurological pathways. Pain 2018; 159:2565-2572. [PMID: 30086113 PMCID: PMC6250282 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP) and frailty are prevalent conditions in older people. We have shown previously that interindividual variation in frailty and CWP is genetically determined. We also reported an association of frailty and CWP caused by shared genetic and common environmental factors. The aim of this study was to use omic approaches to identify molecular genetic factors underlying the heritability of frailty and its genetic correlation with CWP. Frailty was quantified through the Rockwood Frailty Index (FI) as a proportion of deficits from 33 binary health deficit questions in 3626 female twins. Common widespread pain was assessed using a screening questionnaire. OMICS analysis included 305 metabolites and whole-genome (>2.5 × 10 SNPs) and epigenome (∼1 × 10 MeDIP-seq regions) assessments performed on fasting blood samples. Using family-based statistical analyses, including path analysis, we examined how FI scores were related to molecular genetic factors and to CWP, taking into account known risk factors such as fat mass and smoking. Frailty Index was significantly correlated with 51 metabolites after correction for multiple testing, with 20 metabolites having P-values between 2.1 × 10 and 4.0 × 10. Three metabolites (uridine, C-glycosyl tryptophan, and N-acetyl glycine) were statistically independent and thought to exert a direct effect on FI. Epiandrosterone sulphate, previously shown to be highly inversely associated with CWP, was found to exert an indirect influence on FI. Bioinformatics analysis of genome-wide association study and EWAS showed that FI and its covariation with CWP was through genomic regions involved in neurological pathways. Neurological pathway involvement accounts for the associated conditions of aging CWP and FI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Livshits
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ida Malkin
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ruth C.E. Bowyer
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena Verdi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jordana T. Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Menni
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Frances M.K. Williams
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire J. Steves
- Clinical Age Research Unit, King's College Hospitals Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gale CR, Marioni RE, Harris SE, Starr JM, Deary IJ. DNA methylation and the epigenetic clock in relation to physical frailty in older people: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:101. [PMID: 30075802 PMCID: PMC6091041 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0538-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological mechanisms underlying frailty in older people are poorly understood. There is some evidence to suggest that DNA methylation patterns may be altered in frail individuals. METHODS Participants were 791 people aged 70 years from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936. DNA methylation was measured in whole blood. Biological age was estimated using two measures of DNA methylation-based age acceleration-extrinsic and intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration. We carried out an epigenome-wide association study of physical frailty, as defined by the Fried phenotype. Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate relative risk ratios for being physically frail or pre-frail according to epigenetic age acceleration. RESULTS There was a single significant (P = 1.16 × 10-7) association in the epigenome-wide association study comparing frail versus not frail. The same CpG was not significant when comparing pre-frail versus not frail. Greater extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration was associated with an increased risk of being physically frail, but not of being pre-frail. For a year increase in extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, age- and sex-adjusted relative risk ratios (95% CI) for being physically frail or pre-frail were 1.06 (1.02, 1.10) and 1.02 (1.00, 1.04), respectively. After further adjustment for smoking and chronic disease, the association with physical frailty remained significant. Intrinsic epigenetic age acceleration was not associated with physical frailty status. CONCLUSIONS People who are biologically older, as indexed by greater extrinsic epigenetic age acceleration, are more likely to be physically frail. Future research will need to investigate whether epigenetic age acceleration plays a causal role in the onset of physical frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharine R. Gale
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD UK
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Riccardo E. Marioni
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Sarah E. Harris
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Medical Genetics Section, Centre for Genomics and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - John M. Starr
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| | - Ian J. Deary
- Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ UK
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
You JY, Kim YJ, Shin WY, Kim NY, Cho SH, Kim JH. Heritability of muscle mass in Korean parent-offspring pairs in the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V). Maturitas 2018; 114:67-72. [PMID: 29907249 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Decreased muscle mass is known to be associated with several serious medical conditions. We analyzed the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, 2010-2011) to estimate the heritability of muscle mass in Korean parent-offspring pairs. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES A total of 1233 parents (average age 57.67 ± 8.50 years) and 917 offspring (average age 29.10 ± 7.57 years) from 743 families were included in the analysis. Muscle mass was estimated based on three different indices: appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) measured with a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), weight-adjusted ASM (SMI), and height-adjusted ASM (RASM). The heritability was estimated by employing the maximum-likelihood variance components implemented in Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines (SOLAR). The best-fitting model was determined out of four polygenic models. Pearson's partial correlation coefficient was also calculated using the muscle mass indices to further study the association between father or mother and son or daughter pairs. RESULTS The heritability estimates of the muscle mass indices ranged from 55% to 80% (all p < 0.01). The correlation coefficient of father and offspring ranged from 0.11 to 0.40, while that of mother and offspring ranged from 0.23 to 0.43 (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The heritability estimates of muscle mass in Koreans are large and significant, suggesting that parental muscle mass is an important predictor of the offspring's muscle mass. The result implies that there may be a genetic factor partly determining muscle mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Young You
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Jee Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Young Shin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Yeon Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Cho
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sillanpää E, Laakkonen EK, Vaara E, Rantanen T, Kovanen V, Sipilä S, Kaprio J, Ollikainen M. Biological clocks and physical functioning in monozygotic female twins. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:83. [PMID: 29614968 PMCID: PMC5883300 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0775-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biomarkers of biological aging – DNA methylation age (DNAm age) and leukocyte telomere length (LTL)– correlate strongly with chronological age across the life course. It is, however, unclear how these measures of cellular wear and tear are associated with muscle strength and functional capacity, which are known to decline with older age and are associated with mortality. We investigated if DNAm age and LTL were associated with body composition and physical functioning by examining 48 monozygotic twin sisters. Methods White blood cell DNAm age (predicted years) was calculated from Illumina 450 k BeadChip methylation data using an online calculator. DNAm age acceleration was defined from the residuals derived from a linear regression model of DNAm age on chronological age. LTL was measured by qPCR. Total body percentage of fat and lean mass were estimated using bioimpedance. Physical functioning was measured by grip strength, knee extension strength and by 10 m maximal walking speed test. Results In all participants, DNAm age (58.4 ± 6.6) was lower than chronological age (61.3 ± 5.9 years). Pairwise correlations of monozygotic co-twins were high for DNAm age (0.88, 95% CI 0.79, 0.97), age acceleration (0.68, 95% CI 0.30, 0.85) and LTL (0.77, 95% CI 0.60, 0.94). Increased age acceleration i.e. faster epigenetic aging compared to chronological age was associated with lower grip strength (β = − 5.3 SE 1.9 p = 0.011), but not with other measures of physical functioning or body composition. LTL was not associated with body composition or physical functioning. Conclusions To conclude, accelerated DNAm age is associated with lower grip strength, a biomarker known to be associated with physiological aging, and which predicts decline in physical functioning and mortality. Further studies may clarify whether epigenetic aging explains the decline in muscle strength with aging or whether DNAm age just illustrates the progress of aging. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0775-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elina Sillanpää
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland. .,Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Eija K Laakkonen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Elina Vaara
- Department of Social Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Vuokko Kovanen
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Sarianna Sipilä
- Gerontology Research Center, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (VIV), FIN-40014, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Miina Ollikainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Genome-wide methylation analysis of a large population sample shows neurological pathways involvement in chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain. Pain 2018; 158:1053-1062. [PMID: 28221285 PMCID: PMC5427989 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain (CWP), has a considerable heritable component, which remains to be explained. Epigenetic factors may contribute to and account for some of the heritability estimate. We analysed epigenome-wide methylation using MeDIPseq in whole blood DNA from 1708 monozygotic and dizygotic Caucasian twins having CWP prevalence of 19.9%. Longitudinally stable methylation bins (lsBINs), were established by testing repeated measurements conducted ≥3 years apart, n = 292. DNA methylation variation at lsBINs was tested for association with CWP in a discovery set of 50 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for CWP, and in an independent dataset (n = 1608 twins), and the results from the 2 samples were combined using Fisher method. Functional interpretation of the most associated signals was based on functional genomic annotations, gene ontology, and pathway analyses. Of 723,029 signals identified as lsBINs, 26,399 lsBINs demonstrated the same direction of association in both discovery and replication datasets at nominal significance (P ≤ 0.05). In the combined analysis across 1708 individuals, whereas no lsBINs showed genome-wide significance (P < 10-8), 24 signals reached p≤9E-5, and these included association signals mapping in or near to IL17A, ADIPOR2, and TNFRSF13B. Bioinformatics analyses of the associated methylation bins showed enrichment for neurological pathways in CWP. We estimate that the variance explained by epigenetic factors in CWP is 6%. This, the largest study to date of DNA methylation in CWP, points towards epigenetic modification of neurological pathways in CWP and provides proof of principle of this method in teasing apart the complex risk factors for CWP.
Collapse
|
34
|
Barreiro E. The role of MicroRNAs in COPD muscle dysfunction and mass loss: implications on the clinic. Expert Rev Respir Med 2016; 10:1011-22. [PMID: 27348064 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2016.1206819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common preventable and treatable disease and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In COPD, comorbidities, acute exacerbations, and systemic manifestations negatively influence disease severity, prognosis, and progression regardless of the respiratory condition. AREAS COVERED Several factors and biological mechanisms are involved in the pathophysiology of COPD muscle dysfunction. The non-coding microRNAs were shown to be differentially expressed in the respiratory and limb muscles of patients with COPD. Moreover, a differential expression profile of muscle-specific microRNAs has also been demonstrated in the lower limb muscles of COPD patients with and without muscle mass loss and weakness. All these features are reviewed herein. The most relevant articles on the topic in question were selected from PubMed to write this review. Expert commentary: MicroRNAs are excellent targets for the design of specific therapeutic interventions in patients with muscle weakness. Selective enhancers of microRNAs that promote myogenesis (proliferation and differentiation of satellite cells) should be designed to alleviate the negative impact of skeletal muscle dysfunction and mass loss in COPD regardless of the degree of the airway obstruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esther Barreiro
- a Respiratory Medicine Department, Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group , Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB) , Barcelona , Spain.,b Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain.,c Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Barcelona , Spain
| |
Collapse
|