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Hahn AW, Tidwell RS, Pilie PG, Yu Y, Liu J, Surasi DS, Titus M, Zhang J, Venkatesh N, Panaretakis T, Gregg JR, Zurita AJ, Siddiqui BA, Corn PG, Subudhi SK, Msaouel P, Koutroumpakis E, Huff CD, Aparicio A, McQuade JL, Frigo DE, Logothetis CJ. Body composition as a determinant of the therapeutic index with androgen signaling inhibition. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2024:10.1038/s41391-024-00870-8. [PMID: 39019979 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-024-00870-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen signaling is central to prostate cancer and men's health. Prior data indicates that increasing body fat is unfavorable in the localized setting yet associated with favorable outcomes in men with metastatic disease. Understanding the biological links between adiposity and prostate cancer may optimize the therapeutic index with ASI. We hypothesized that host adiposity and androgen synthesis are linked to the efficacy and toxicity of ASI for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). METHODS A post-hoc analysis was done of NCT02703623 where men with mCRPC (n = 186) were treated for 8 weeks with abiraterone acetate, prednisone, and apalutamide (AAPA), and a satisfactory response was defined as a PSA decline >50%. Body composition was measured on baseline CT scans. Germline DNA WES was performed with a focus on variants in steroidogenic genes. Adipokine levels were measured in pre-treatment plasma. RESULTS Germline polymorphisms in 3 genes involved in androgen synthesis (AKR1C3 rs12529, CYP17A1 rs6162, SRD5A2 rs523349) were associated with differences in body composition at baseline on ADT alone (prior to receipt of AAPA). Elevated subcutaneous adipose tissue index (SATi, p = 0.02), visceral adipose tissue index (VATi, p = 0.03), and BMI (p = 0.04) were associated with satisfactory response to AAPA. Leptin had positive correlation with VATi (r = 0.47) and SATi (r = 0.48). CONCLUSION Inherited polymorphisms in androgen synthesis correlated with differences in body composition after exposure to ADT and warrant further investigation as candidate markers for body composition toxicity. Elevated subcutaneous and visceral adiposity were associated with improved response to ASI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Hahn
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Rebecca S Tidwell
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Patrick G Pilie
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yao Yu
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Devaki Shilpa Surasi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mark Titus
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Neha Venkatesh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Theocharis Panaretakis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin R Gregg
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amado J Zurita
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bilal A Siddiqui
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul G Corn
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sumit K Subudhi
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pavlos Msaouel
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | | | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ana Aparicio
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer L McQuade
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel E Frigo
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher J Logothetis
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Research of Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
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Yang H, Wang J, Wang X, Sun W, Tong C, Fan J, Qiao Y, Abnet CC. Weight change and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A 25-year follow-up study. Chin Med J (Engl) 2024; 137:1169-1178. [PMID: 38282387 PMCID: PMC11101236 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether the dynamic weight change is an independent risk factor for mortality remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the association between weight change and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality based on the Linxian Nutrition Intervention Trial (NIT) cohort. METHODS Body weight of 21,028 healthy residents of Linxian, Henan province, aged 40-69 years was measured two times from 1986 to 1991. Outcome events were prospectively collected up to 2016. Weight maintenance group (weight change <2 kg) or stable normal weight group was treated as the reference. Cox proportional hazard model was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) to estimate the risk of mortality. RESULTS A total of 21,028 subjects were included in the final analysis. Compared with the weight maintenance group, subjects with weight loss ≥2 kg had an increased risk of death from all-cause (HR All-cause = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.19, P <0.001), cancer (HR Cancer = 1.12, 95% CI: 1.03-1.21, P = 0.009), and heart disease (HR Heart diseases = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.11-1.31, P <0.001), whereas subjects with weight gain ≥5 kg had 11% (HR Cancer = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.79-0.99, P = 0.033) lower risk of cancer mortality and 23% higher risk of stroke mortality (HR Stroke = 1.23,95% CI: 1.12-1.34, P <0.001). For the change of weight status, both going from overweight to normal weight and becoming underweight within 5 years could increase the risk of total death (HR Overweight to normal = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.09-1.27; HR Becoming underweight = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.25-1.46) and cancer death (HR Overweight to normal = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04-1.39; HR Becoming underweight = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.24-1.67), while stable overweight could increase the risk of total death (HR Stable overweight = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05-1.17) and death from stroke (HR Stable overweight = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.33-1.56). Interaction effects were observed between age and weight change on cancer mortality, as well as between baseline BMI and weight change on all-cause, heart disease, and stroke mortality (all Pinteraction <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Weight loss was associated with an increased risk of all-cause, cancer, and heart disease mortality, whereas excessive weight gain and stable overweight were associated with a higher risk of stroke mortality. Efforts of weight management should be taken to improve health status. TRIAL REGISTRATION https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ , NCT00342654.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Yang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jianbing Wang
- Department of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wanyi Sun
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Chenyunhao Tong
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jinhu Fan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Youlin Qiao
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Christian C. Abnet
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
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Gu X, Zhu F, Gao P, Shen Y, Lu L. Association between visceral adipose tissue and total testosterone among the United States male adults: a cross-sectional study. Int J Impot Res 2024:10.1038/s41443-024-00856-z. [PMID: 38653801 DOI: 10.1038/s41443-024-00856-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is regarded as an important risk factor for obesity-related diseases. The results of the association between VAT and total testosterone (TT) are controversial and whether this association is nonlinear is still unknown. 3971 male participants who were aged 20-59 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2011-2016 were included. VAT area was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. TT in serum was assessed utilizing the isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique. Linear regression models assessed the associations between VAT area and TT. A restricted cubic spline model was employed to investigate nonlinear relationships. A two-piecewise linear regression model was applied to determine the threshold effect. Subgroup analyses were conducted. The weighted methods were utilized in all analyses. VAT area was inversely associated with TT in the crude and adjusted models. In the fully adjusted model, VAT area was associated with TT (β = -0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -0.74, -0.43) and compared to the first tertile of VAT area, the second and the third tertile had a lower TT level, the β and 95% CI = -65.49 (-83.72, -47.25) and -97.57 (-121.86, -73.27) respectively. We found these inverse associations were nonlinear. The cutoff point of the VAT area was 126 cm2. When the VAT area was <126 cm2, VAT area was significantly associated with a lower TT level (β = -1.55, 95% CI = -1.93 to -1.17, p < 0.0001). However, when the VAT area was ≥126 cm2, this association was less apparent (β = -0.26, 95% CI = -0.52 to 0.01, p = 0.06). No significant interactions among different ages (<50 or ≥50 years), marital, and physical activity status were found. These findings underscore the potential for VAT area as a modifiable indicator for improving testosterone deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanfan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Leiqun Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Nameni G, Jazayeri S, Salehi M, Esrafili A, Hajebi A, Motevalian SA. Association between visceral adiposity and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). BMC Psychol 2024; 12:49. [PMID: 38273394 PMCID: PMC10811950 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01542-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Due to an increased rate of inflammation in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), insight into the mediating factors in the onset and recurrence of the inflammatory response can help to achieve novel treatments for alleviating the risk of GAD. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the possible relationship between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as an important intermediary in inflammation pathways and GAD in participants of the Employees' Health Cohort Study of Iran (EHCSIR). METHOD We analyzed the data from 3889 included participants aged > 18 years in the EHCSIR study, which were collected from 2017 to 2020. Lifetime and 12-month GAD were assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-2.1) questionnaire. The adjusted prevalence ratio was computed to evaluate the association between GAD and visceral adiposity index (VAI), GAD and visceral fat area (VFA), GAD and body mass index (BMI) and ultimately GAD and waist circumference (WC) in males and females using STATA software. RESULTS Log-binomial analysis showed a higher prevalence ratio of 12-month GAD associated with VFA in women [PR: 1.42, CI: 1.07-1.87, P: 0.015]. The prevalence of lifetime GAD was higher in obese women (BM1 > 30) [PR: 2.35, CI: 1.07-5.13, P:0.03] than in women with normal BMI. Women with higher VAI were also significantly more likely to suffer lifetime GAD [PR: 1.25, CI: 1.05]. 1.48, P:0.01]. In males, the prevalence of lifetime diagnosed GAD per 1 standard deviation increase in VFA was 0.65 [CI: 0.46-0.91, P: 0.01]. CONCLUSION Visceral adiposity as a positive agent was associated with GAD prevalence in women. The presence of GAD symptoms showed no relationship to VFA in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Nameni
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Jazayeri
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masoud Salehi
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Esrafili
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Hajebi
- Research Center for Addiction & Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Motevalian
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Bourebaba L, Kępska M, Qasem B, Zyzak M, Łyczko J, Klemens M, Mularczyk M, Marycz K. Sex hormone-binding globulin improves lipid metabolism and reduces inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue of metabolic syndrome-affected horses. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1214961. [PMID: 38146533 PMCID: PMC10749534 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1214961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a steadily growing endocrine disorder representing a real challenge in veterinary practice. As a multifactorial condition, EMS is characterized by three main metabolic abnormalities including insulin resistance, increased adiposity or obesity and hoof laminitis. Adipose tissue dysfunction is recognized as a core pathophysiological determinant of EMS, as it strongly participates to lipotoxicity and systemic metaflammation, both of which have been closely linked to the development of generalized insulin resistance. Besides, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) is an important sex steroids transporters that has been recently proposed as an important metabolic mediator. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify whether SHBG treatment may ameliorate subcutaneous adipose tissue metabolic failure under EMS condition in terms of lipidome homeostasis, lipid metabolism programs, insulin signalling and local inflammation. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) biopsies were collected post-mortem from healthy (n = 3) and EMS (n = 3) slaughtered horses. SHBG protein has been applied to SAT samples from EMS horses for 24 h at a final concentration of 50 nM, while control groups (healthy and untreated EMS) were cultured in the presence of SHBG-vehicle only. Tissues from all groups were afterwards secured for downstream analysis of gene expression using RT-qPCR, protein levels by Western blot and ELISA assay and lipidomics through GC-MS technique. Obtained results showcased that SHBG intervention efficiently normalized the altered fatty acids (FAs) profiles by lowering the accumulation of saturated and trans FAs, as well as the pro-inflammatory arachidonic and linoleic acids. Moreover, SHBG showed promising value for the regulation of adipocyte lipolysis and engorgement by lowering the levels of perilipin-1. SHBG exerted moderated effect toward SCD1 and FASN enzymes expression, but increased the LPL abundance. Interestingly, SHBG exhibited a negative regulatory effect on pro-adipogenic stimulators and induced higher expression of KLF3, IRF3 and β-catenin, known as strong adipogenesis repressors. Finally, SHBG protein showed remarkable ability in restoring the insulin signal transduction, IR/IRS/Pi3K/AKT phosphorylation events and GLUT4 transporter abundance, and further attenuate pro-inflammatory response by lowering IL-6 tissue levels and targeting the PDIA3/ERK axis. Overall, the obtained data clearly demonstrate the benefice of SHBG treatment in the regulation of adipose tissue metabolism in the course of EMS and provide new insights for the development of molecular therapies with potential translational application to human metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Martyna Kępska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Badr Qasem
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zyzak
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jacek Łyczko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Klemens
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Malwina Mularczyk
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Tsumura H, Fukuda M, Hisamatsu T, Sato R, Tsuchie R, Kanda H. Relationships of rapid eating with visceral and subcutaneous fat mass and plasma adiponectin concentration. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11491. [PMID: 37460653 PMCID: PMC10352324 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38623-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid eating has been demonstrated to be associated with obesity and overweight. However, few studies have characterized the separate relationships of eating speed with visceral and subcutaneous fat mass or circulating adiponectin concentration. We hypothesized that rapid eating is associated with the larger visceral fat tissue (VFT) area and lower adiponectin concentration, but not with the subcutaneous fat tissue (SFT) area in men and women. We performed a cross-sectional study of 712 adults aged 20-86 years (528 men and 184 women; mean ± SD age 59.36 ± 13.61 years). The participants completed a self-reported questionnaire, and underwent anthropometric and laboratory measurements and computed tomographic imaging of the abdomen as a part of annual medical check-ups. Multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that rapid eating was associated with larger visceral (B = 24.74; 95% CI 8.87-40.61, p = 0.002) and subcutaneous fat areas (B = 31.31; 95% CI 12.23-50.38, p = 0.001), lower adiponectin concentration (B = - 2.92; 95% CI - 4.39- - 1.46, p < 0.001), higher body mass index (BMI) (B = 2.13; 95% CI 1.02-3.25, p < 0.001), and larger waist circumference (B = 5.23; 95% CI 2.16-8.30, p < 0.001) in men, which is partially consistent with the hypothesis. In contrast, rapid eating was found to be associated only with BMI, and not with abdominal adipose area or adiponectin concentration in women, which is a result that is not consistent with the hypothesis. These results suggest that there is no difference in the association of rapid eating with VFT and SFT areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tsumura
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-1, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 770-8502, Japan
| | - Mari Fukuda
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Takashi Hisamatsu
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Rie Sato
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Izumo, 693-0021, Japan
| | - Rina Tsuchie
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo-shi, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanda
- Department of Public Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
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Pan R, Wang J, Chang WW, Song J, Yi W, Zhao F, Zhang Y, Fang J, Du P, Cheng J, Li T, Su H, Shi X. Association of PM 2.5 Components with Acceleration of Aging: Moderating Role of Sex Hormones. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:3772-3782. [PMID: 36811885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c09005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been linked to aging risk, and a lack of knowledge about the relationships between PM2.5 components and aging risk impeded the development of healthy aging. Participants were recruited through a multicenter cross-sectional study in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in China. Middle-age and older males and menopausal women completed the collection of basic information, blood samples, and clinical examinations. The biological age was estimated by Klemera-Doubal method (KDM) algorithms based on clinical biomarkers. Multiple linear regression models were applied to quantify the associations and interactions while controlling for confounders, and a restricted cubic spline function estimated the corresponding dose-response curves of the relationships. Overall, KDM-biological age acceleration was associated with PM2.5 component exposure over the preceding year in both males and females, with calcium [females: 0.795 (95% CI: 0.451, 1.138); males: 0.712 (95% CI: 0.389, 1.034)], arsenic [females: 0.770 (95% CI: 0.641, 0.899); males: 0.661 (95% CI: 0.532, 0.791)], and copper [females: 0.401 (95% CI: 0.158, 0.644); males: 0.379 (95% CI: 0.122, 0.636)] having greater estimates of the effect than total PM2.5 mass. Additionally, we observed that the associations of specific PM2.5 components with aging were lower in the higher sex hormone scenario. Maintaining high levels of sex hormones may be a crucial barrier against PM2.5 component-related aging in the middle and older age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaonan Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Wei-Wei Chang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jianlong Fang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Peng Du
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
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Ottarsdottir K, Tivesten Å, Li Y, Lindblad U, Hellgren M, Ohlsson C, Daka B. Cardiometabolic risk factors and endogenous sex hormones in postmenopausal women: a cross-sectional study. J Endocr Soc 2022; 6:bvac050. [PMID: 35480632 PMCID: PMC9037133 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context It is uncertain which cardiovascular risk factors are associated with sex hormone levels in postmenopausal women. Objective This work aimed to investigate the association between cardiometabolic risk factors and sex hormones in a cross-sectional, observational population study. Methods In this Swedish population study, participants were physically examined from 2002 to 2004, and endogenous sex hormones were analyzed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Women aged 55 years or older with estradiol levels below 20 pg/mL and not using any hormonal therapy were eligible for inclusion in the study (N = 146). Variable selection and bootstrap stability analyses were performed and linear regression models presented, with each of the 8 hormones as outcome variables. Results Body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with estradiol (β = 0.054, P < .001), but negatively associated with 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone (β = –0.023, P = .028). Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was negatively associated with dihydrotestosterone (β = –2.195, P = .002) and testosterone (β = –1.541, P = .004). The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance was positively associated with androstenedione (β = 0.071, P = .032), estradiol (β = 0.091, P = .009), estrone (β = 0.075, P = 0.009), and 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone (β = 0.157, P = .001). Age was positively associated with testosterone (β = 0.017, P = .042). C-reactive protein showed an inverse association with progesterone (β = –0.028, P = .037). Lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was associated with higher estradiol levels (β = –0.093, P = .049), whereas lower triglycerides were associated with higher concentrations of dihydrotestosterone (β = –0.208, P = .016). Conclusion In postmenopausal women, WHR was strongly inversely associated with androgens, while BMI was positively associated with estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Ottarsdottir
- General practice - Family medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Local Research and Development Council Södra Älvsborg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Tivesten
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ying Li
- Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Lindblad
- General practice - Family medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Hellgren
- General practice - Family medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre, Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Drug Treatment, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bledar Daka
- General practice - Family medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Its Association to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in an Italian Adult Population Cohort. REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/reports5010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and sex hormone concentrations are the cause or the consequence of cardiometabolic diseases, however, the clinical correlates of SHBG is clearly less understood. In our study we investigate sex- and age-specific serum SHBG levels and their association with cardiovascular risk (CVR) factors and high-risk conditions in an adult cohort of Italian population. Data from 1176 men and 2236 women, aged 20–81 were analyzed and serum SHBG determined in stored samples using an immunoassay. SHBG concentrations, higher in women than in men in the younger age groups, exhibited a curvilinear increase with age in men and a U-shaped curve across the lifespan in women, with a decrease from the 2nd to the 6th decade of age and an increase after the 6th decade when SHBG concentrations were similar in both sexes. Low SHBG serum levels correlated with the traditional CVR factors diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, whereas high level of SHBG correlated with cholesterol HDL. These associations were more numerous in women than in men, in whom decreased with age. The sex- and age specific differences observed in our population-based cohort should be considered in establishing reference ranges and clinical cut-off points to improve CVR score charts and therapeutic approaches.
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10
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Perna S, Faragli A, Spadaccini D, Peroni G, Gasparri C, Al-Mannai MA, Casali PM, La Porta E, Kelle S, Alogna A, Rondanelli M. Predicting Visceral Adipose Tissue in older adults: A pilot clinical study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:810-816. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Defeudis G, Mazzilli R, Tenuta M, Rossini G, Zamponi V, Olana S, Faggiano A, Pozzilli P, Isidori AM, Gianfrilli D. Erectile dysfunction and diabetes: A melting pot of circumstances and treatments. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2022; 38:e3494. [PMID: 34514697 PMCID: PMC9286480 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic metabolic disease characterised by elevated levels of blood glucose, is among the most common chronic diseases. The incidence and prevalence of DM have been increasing over the years. The complications of DM represent a serious health problem. The long-term complications include macroangiopathy, microangiopathy and neuropathy as well as sexual dysfunction (SD) in both men and women. Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been considered the most important SD in men with DM. The prevalence of ED is approximately 3.5-fold higher in men with DM than in those without DM. Common risk factors for the development of DM and its complications include sedentary lifestyle, overweight/obesity and increased caloric consumption. Although lifestyle changes may help improve sexual function, specific treatments are often needed. This study aims to review the definition and prevalence of ED in DM, the impact of DM complications and DM treatment on ED and, finally, the current and emerging therapies for ED in patients with DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Defeudis
- Unit of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of MedicineUniversity Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Rossella Mazzilli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Marta Tenuta
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Giovanni Rossini
- Unit of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of MedicineUniversity Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Virginia Zamponi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Soraya Olana
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Antongiulio Faggiano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
| | - Paolo Pozzilli
- Unit of Endocrinology and DiabetesDepartment of MedicineUniversity Campus Bio‐Medico di RomaRomeItaly
| | - Andrea M. Isidori
- Department of Experimental MedicineSapienza University of RomeRomeItaly
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12
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Zouhal H, Jayavel A, Parasuraman K, Hayes LD, Tourny C, Rhibi F, Laher I, Abderrahman AB, Hackney AC. Effects of Exercise Training on Anabolic and Catabolic Hormones with Advanced Age: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2021; 52:1353-1368. [PMID: 34936049 PMCID: PMC9124654 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-021-01612-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Ageing is accompanied by decreases in physical capacity and physiological regulatory mechanisms including altered hormonal regulation compared with age-matched sedentary people. The potential benefits of exercise in restoring such altered hormone production and secretion compared to age-matched physically inactive individuals who are ageing remains unclear. Objectives The aim of this systematic review was to summarise the findings of exercise training in modulating levels of ostensibly anabolic and catabolic hormones in adults aged > 40 years. Methods We searched the following electronic databases (to July 2021) without a period limit: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science. Additionally, a manual search for published studies in Google Scholar was conducted for analysis of the ‘grey literature’ (information produced outside of traditional commercial or academic publishing and distribution channels). The initial search used the terms ‘ageing’ OR ‘advanced age’ OR ‘old people’ OR ‘older’ OR elderly’ AND ‘anabolic hormones’ OR ‘catabolic hormones’ OR ‘steroid hormones’ OR ‘sex hormones’ OR ‘testosterone’ OR ‘cortisol’ OR ‘insulin’ OR ‘insulin-like growth factor-1’ OR ‘IGF-1’ OR ‘sex hormone-binding globulin’ OR ‘SHBG’ OR ‘growth hormone’ OR ‘hGH’ OR ‘dehydroepiandrosterone’ OR ‘DHEA’ OR ‘dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S)’ AND ‘exercise training’ OR ‘endurance training’ OR ‘resistance training’ OR ‘ strength training’ OR ‘weight-lifting’ OR ‘high-intensity interval training’ OR ‘high-intensity interval exercise’ OR ‘high-intensity intermittent training’ OR ‘high-intensity intermittent exercise’ OR ‘interval aerobic training’ OR ‘interval aerobic exercise’ OR ‘intermittent aerobic training’ OR ‘intermittent aerobic exercise’ OR ‘high-intensity training’ OR ‘high-intensity exercise’ OR ‘sprint interval training’ OR ‘sprint interval exercise’ OR ‘combined exercise training’ OR ‘anaerobic training’. Only eligible full texts in English or French were considered for analysis. Results Our search identified 484 records, which led to 33 studies for inclusion in the analysis. Different exercise training programs were used with nine studies using endurance training programs, ten studies examining the effects of high-intensity interval training, and 14 studies investigating the effects of resistance training. Most training programs lasted ≥ 2 weeks. Studies, regardless of the design, duration or intensity of exercise training, reported increases in testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), human growth hormone (hGH) or dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (effect size: 0.19 < d < 3.37, small to very large) in both older males and females. However, there was no consensus on the effects of exercise on changes in cortisol and insulin in older adults. Conclusion In conclusion, findings from this systematic review suggest that exercise training increases basal levels of testosterone, IGF-1, SHBG, hGH and DHEA in both male and females over 40 years of age. The increases in blood levels of these hormones were independent of the mode, duration and intensity of the training programs. However, the effects of long-term exercise training on cortisol and insulin levels in elderly people are less clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassane Zouhal
- M2S, Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, EA 1274, Université Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France.
- Institut International des Sciences du Sport (2I2S), 35850, Irodouer, France.
| | - Ayyappan Jayavel
- SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, TN, 603203, India
| | - Kamalanathan Parasuraman
- SRM College of Physiotherapy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Kanchipuram, Chennai, TN, 603203, India
| | - Lawrence D Hayes
- Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Lanarkshire Campus, Glasgow, G72 0LH, UK
| | | | - Fatma Rhibi
- M2S, Laboratoire Mouvement, Sport, Santé, EA 1274, Université Rennes, 35000, Rennes, France
| | - Ismail Laher
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Anthony C Hackney
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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13
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Kim C, Harrall KK, Glueck DH, Dabelea D. Sex steroids and adiposity in a prospective observational cohort of youth. Obes Sci Pract 2021; 7:432-440. [PMID: 34401201 PMCID: PMC8346372 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adiposity, particularly visceral adipose tissue (VAT), predicts adverse cardiovascular risk factor profiles in children as well as adults. Although endogenous sex steroids likely influence VAT in adults, such an association has not been established in youth. The association between childhood and adolescent sex steroids with adiposity, specifically VAT, was examined before and after adjustment for other hormone changes. METHODS These analyses examined longitudinal associations between sex steroids (testosterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA]) and magnetic resonance imaging assessments of VAT in 418 children, 49% of whom were non-White, at approximately 10 years old at Visit 1 (V1) and 17 years old at Visit 2 (V2). Linear mixed effects models adjusted for maternal education, household income, child caloric intake, physical activity, fasting insulin and leptin, and hepatic fat fraction. Differences in associations by race and pubertal stage were also assessed. RESULTS At V1, mean body mass index (BMI) for boys was 19.1 (4.7) kg/m2 and for girls was 18.5 (4.1) kg/m2. At V2, mean BMI for boys was 23.7 (5.5) kg/m2 and for girls was 23.6 (5.7) kg/m2. For each ng/dl (0.035 nmol/L) increase in testosterone at V1, there was a 0.25 cm2 increase in concurrent and future VAT in non-White (p = 0.04) but not White girls (p = 0.78). Higher levels of testosterone and DHEA at V1 were associated with greater concurrent and future VAT at V2. These associations were consistent regardless of pubertal stage. In boys, higher testosterone predicted higher future VAT but lower concurrent VAT. Estradiol and DHEA did not predict future VAT in boys. In girls, DHEA predicted future subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and no sex steroids predicted future SAT in boys. CONCLUSIONS Testosterone levels predict VAT in boys and girls, and DHEA predicts VAT in girls, even after adjustment for other hormone changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kim
- Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and EpidemiologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichiganUSA
| | - Kylie K. Harrall
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) CenterUniversity of Colorado DenverAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Deborah H. Glueck
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) CenterUniversity of Colorado DenverAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) CenterUniversity of Colorado DenverAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
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14
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Emami MR, Safabakhsh M, Khorshidi M, Moradi Moghaddam O, Mohammed SH, Zarezadeh M, Alizadeh S. Effect of bariatric surgery on endogenous sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2021; 17:1621-1636. [PMID: 34187743 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies have shown beneficial effect of bariatric surgery (BS) on serum levels of sex hormones. OBJECTIVE A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to examine the magnitude of possible changes in levels of sex hormones following BS. SETTINGS Electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, for relevant studies. METHODS The heterogeneity of the studies was examined by χ2 tests and the degree of heterogeneity was estimated using I2 statistic. RESULTS The results of pooled analyses revealed that BS caused a significant increase in luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels and conversely, decreased dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and estradiol (E2) levels in males. For females, BS significantly increased LH, FSH, and SHBG levels and conversely, decreased androstenedione (AE), E2 and TT levels. Additionally, the level of progesterone (P), prolactin (PRL), free testosterone (FT) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) showed no significant changes in patients who had undergone BS. CONCLUSION BS changed most sex hormones levels including LH, FSH, TT, SHBG, AE, DHEA, and E2. It seems that BS is able to exert substantial impacts on sex hormones levels and as well as sexual function, however, larger, and more precise trials are required to specifically focus on these claims.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Emami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Safabakhsh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Khorshidi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Research Center, Research Institute for Children's Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Moradi Moghaddam
- Trauma and Injury Research Center, Critical Care Medicine Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shimels Hussien Mohammed
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences-International Campus, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Zarezadeh
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Alizadeh
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Van de Velde F, Deventer K, Van Gansbeke W, Van Eenoo P, Van Renterghem P, Fiers T, Reyns T, Kaufman JM, Van Nieuwenhove Y, Lapauw B. Metabolism of testosterone during weight loss in men with obesity. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 209:105851. [PMID: 33610798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2021.105851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Men with obesity often have low total and, with increasing adiposity, also low free testosterone (T) levels, which can partially restore during weight loss. Although this is partly explained by lower sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) production and hypothalamic-pituitary downregulation, it is still not unravelled whether changes in androgen metabolism contribute to this phenomenon. Therefore, early changes in urinary excretion of T and its metabolites, during weight loss, in men with obesity are investigated. DESIGN Longitudinal study. METHODS Fourteen men with obesity (age 52(45-60)years, BMI 42.6(41.8-44.8)kg/m²) underwent gastric bypass surgery (GBS). Before surgery and 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 6 months and 1 year thereafter, 24 h urine and fasting serum samples were collected. Serum T and estradiol (E2) levels were analyzed using LC-MS/MS and urinary metabolites of T with GC-MS/MS. RESULTS Already three weeks after GBS, serum SHBG and total T levels increased and remained increased as compared to baseline (all,p < 0.0125). Gonadotropins and (free) E2 levels were unchanged, serum E2/T ratio decreased (p < 0.0125). Total amount of urinary T increased non-significantly with mean increases of 53 % one year after GBS (p = 0.026). Urinary E2/T, estrone/T, 3α-androstanediol/T and androsterone/T ratios decreased after GBS (p < 0.0125). CONCLUSIONS Restoration of circulating T levels during weight loss in this population is not only brought about by normalization of circulating SHBG levels, but increased production of and alterations in T metabolism also contribute. More specifically, relative decreases in aromatization and lower 5α-reductase activity might also be involved in restoring T levels in men with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koen Deventer
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Gansbeke
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | - Peter Van Eenoo
- Doping Control Laboratory, Ghent University, Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Tom Fiers
- Department of Clinical Biology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Reyns
- Department of Clinical Biology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jean Marc Kaufman
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yves Van Nieuwenhove
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bruno Lapauw
- Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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16
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Abstract
Over the past two decades several large cohort studies have been performed to disclose the changes of sex hormone in elderly and their clinical significance. Beyond the decline of total testosterone, aging is accompanied by a sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) increase, a steeper free testosterone decline, while gonadotropins may be increased or inappropriately normal, with important contribution of comorbidities (e.g., obesity) to these changes. Actually, it has become firm the concept that the biochemical finding of testosterone deficiency alone is not sufficient for diagnosing hypogonadism in older men. The definition of late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) includes low serum testosterone levels coupled with signs and symptoms related to hypogonadism. Indeed, the combination of multiple factors all contributing to the testosterone decline, with other concurrent comorbidities further overlapping, makes the clinical correlates of LOH highly heterogeneous. For all these reasons both the diagnosis and the therapeutic management of LOH, especially the decision about starting testosterone replacement treatment, remain challenging.
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17
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Dinh KT, Amory JK, Matsumoto AM, Marck BT, Fujimoto WY, Leonetti DL, Boyko EJ, Page ST, Rubinow KB. Longitudinal changes in plasma sex hormone concentrations correlate with changes in CT-measured regional adiposity among Japanese American men over 10 years. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2020; 93:555-563. [PMID: 32633813 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ageing in male adults is typically accompanied by adiposity accumulation and changes in circulating sex hormone concentrations. We hypothesized that an ageing-associated increase in oestrogens and decrease in androgens would correlate with an increase in adiposity. DESIGN 10-year prospective, observational study. STUDY SUBJECTS A total of 190, community-dwelling men in the Japanese American Community Diabetes Study. MEASUREMENTS At 0 and 10 years, CT scanning quantified intra-abdominal fat (IAF) and subcutaneous fat (SCF) areas while plasma concentrations of oestradiol, oestrone, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem-mass spectrometry at each time point. Multivariate linear regression analyses assessed correlations between 10-year changes in hormone concentrations and IAF or SCF, adjusting for age and baseline fat depot area. RESULTS Participants were middle-aged [median 54.8 years, interquartile range (IQR) 39.9-62.8] men and mostly overweight by Asian criterion (median BMI 24.9, IQR 23.3-27.1) and with few exceptions had normal sex-steroid concentrations. Median oestradiol and dihydrotestosterone did not change significantly between 0 and 10 years (P = .084 and P = .596, respectively) while median oestrone increased (P < .001) and testosterone decreased (P < .001). Median IAF and SCF increased from 0 to 10 years (both P < .001). In multivariate analyses, change in oestrone positively correlated (P = .019) while change in testosterone (P = .003) and dihydrotestosterone (P = .014) negatively correlated with change in IAF. Plasma oestradiol and oestrone positively correlated with change in SCF (P = .041 and P = .030, respectively) while testosterone (P = .031) negatively correlated in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Among 190 community-dwelling, Japanese American men, increases in IAF were associated with decreases in plasma androgens and increases in plasma oestrone, but not oestradiol, at 10 years. Further research is necessary to understand whether changing hormone concentrations are causally related to changes in regional adiposity or whether the reverse is true.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn T Dinh
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - John K Amory
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alvin M Matsumoto
- Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Brett T Marck
- Geriatric Research, Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Wilfred Y Fujimoto
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Donna L Leonetti
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Edward J Boyko
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- General Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stephanie T Page
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Katya B Rubinow
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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18
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Brachem C, Langenau J, Weinhold L, Schmid M, Nöthlings U, Oluwagbemigun K. Associations of BMI and Body Fat with Urine Metabolome in Adolescents Are Sex-Specific: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10080330. [PMID: 32823620 PMCID: PMC7463425 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10080330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies examining the relationship between body composition and the urine metabolome may improve our understanding of the role of metabolic dysregulation in body composition-related health conditions. Previous studies, mostly in adult populations, have focused on a single measure of body composition, body mass index (BMI), and sex-specific associations are rarely explored. We investigate sex-specific associations of two measures of body composition—BMI and body fat (BF)—with the urine metabolome in adolescents. In 369 participants (age 16–18, 49% female) of the Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) study, we examined sex-specific associations of these two measures of body composition, BMI and BF, and 1407 (467 unknown) 24 h urine metabolites analyzed by untargeted metabolomics cross-sectionally. Missing metabolites were imputed. We related metabolites (dependent variable) to BMI and BF (independent variable) separately using linear regression. The models were additionally adjusted for covariates. We found 10 metabolites associated with both BMI and BF. We additionally found 11 metabolites associated with only BF, and nine with only BMI. None of these associations was in females. We observed a strong sexual dimorphism in the relationship between body composition and the urine metabolome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Brachem
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-(0)-228-73-3989
| | - Julia Langenau
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
| | - Leonie Weinhold
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University Hospital Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (L.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Ute Nöthlings
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
| | - Kolade Oluwagbemigun
- Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.L.); (U.N.); (K.O.)
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19
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE We tested the effects of weight loss on serum estradiol, estrone, testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in overweight/obese women 18 months after completing a year-long, 4-arm, randomized-controlled dietary weight loss and/or exercise trial. METHODS From 2005 to 2008, 439 overweight/obese, postmenopausal women (BMI >25 kg/m), 50 to 75 years, were randomized to a year-long intervention: diet (reduced calorie, 10% weight loss, N = 118), exercise (225 min/wk moderate-to-vigorous activity, N = 117), combined diet + exercise (N = 117), or control (N = 87). At 12 months, 399 women provided blood; of these, 156 returned at 30 months and gave a blood sample. Hormones and SHBG were measured by immunoassay. Changes were compared using generalized estimating equations, adjusting for confounders. RESULTS At 30 months, participants randomized to the diet + exercise intervention had statistically significant increases in SHBG levels versus controls (P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant change in SHBG in the exercise or diet intervention arms. Hormone levels did not vary by intervention arm from baseline to 30 months. Participants who maintained weight loss at 30 months had statistically significantly greater decreases in free estradiol and free testosterone (Ptrend = 0.02 and Ptrend = 0.04, respectively) and increases in SHBG (Ptrend < 0.0001) versus those who did not have sustained weight loss. Levels of other analytes did not vary by weight loss at 30 months. CONCLUSIONS Sustained weight loss results in reductions in free estradiol and testosterone and increases in SHBG 18-month post-intervention.
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20
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Le Marchand L, Wilkens LR, Castelfranco AM, Monroe KR, Kristal BS, Cheng I, Maskarinec G, Hullar MA, Lampe JW, Shepherd JA, Franke A, Ernst T, Lim U. Circulating Biomarker Score for Visceral Fat and Risks of Incident Colorectal and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort Adiposity Phenotype Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:966-973. [PMID: 32132150 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-19-1469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) may play a greater role than subcutaneous fat in increasing cancer risk but is poorly estimated in epidemiologic studies. METHODS We developed a VAT prediction score by regression equations averaged across 100 least absolute shrinkage and selection operator models in a cross-sectional study of 1,801 older adults in the Multiethnic Cohort (MEC). The score was then used as proxy for VAT in case-control studies of postmenopausal breast (950 case-control pairs) and colorectal (831 case-control pairs) cancer in an independent sample in MEC. Abdominal MRI-derived VAT; circulating biomarkers of metabolic, hormonal, and inflammation dysfunctions; and ORs for incident cancer adjusted for BMI and other risk factors were assessed. RESULTS The final score, composed of nine biomarkers, BMI, and height, explained 11% and 15% more of the variance in VAT than BMI alone in men and women, respectively. The area under the receiver operator curve for VAT >150 cm2 was 0.90 in men and 0.86 in women. The VAT score was associated with risk of breast cancer [OR (95% confidence interval [CI]) by increasing tertiles: 1.00, 1.09 (0.86-1.39), 1.48 (1.16-1.89); P trend = 0.002] but not with colorectal cancer (P = 0.84), although an association [1.00, 0.98 (0.68-1.39), 1.24 (0.88-1.76); P trend = 0.08] was suggested for this cancer after excluding cases that occurred within 7 years of blood draw (P heterogeneity = 0.06). CONCLUSIONS The VAT score predicted risks of postmenopausal breast cancer and can be used for risk assessment in diverse populations. IMPACT These findings provide specific evidence for a role of VAT in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ann M Castelfranco
- Bekesy Laboratory of Neurobiology, Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Kristine R Monroe
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Bruce S Kristal
- Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Iona Cheng
- School of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Adrian Franke
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Thomas Ernst
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Unhee Lim
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
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21
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Madsen KS, Chi Y, Metzendorf M, Richter B, Hemmingsen B. Metformin for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019; 12:CD008558. [PMID: 31794067 PMCID: PMC6889926 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd008558.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The projected rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) could develop into a substantial health problem worldwide. Whether metformin can prevent or delay T2DM and its complications in people with increased risk of developing T2DM is unknown. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of metformin for the prevention or delay of T2DM and its associated complications in persons at increased risk for the T2DM. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and the reference lists of systematic reviews, articles and health technology assessment reports. We asked investigators of the included trials for information about additional trials. The date of the last search of all databases was March 2019. SELECTION CRITERIA We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with a duration of one year or more comparing metformin with any pharmacological glucose-lowering intervention, behaviour-changing intervention, placebo or standard care in people with impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, moderately elevated glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) or combinations of these. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two review authors read all abstracts and full-text articles and records, assessed risk of bias and extracted outcome data independently. We used a random-effects model to perform meta-analysis and calculated risk ratios (RRs) for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences (MDs) for continuous outcomes, using 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for effect estimates. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using GRADE. MAIN RESULTS We included 20 RCTs randomising 6774 participants. One trial contributed 48% of all participants. The duration of intervention in the trials varied from one to five years. We judged none of the trials to be at low risk of bias in all 'Risk of bias' domains. Our main outcome measures were all-cause mortality, incidence of T2DM, serious adverse events (SAEs), cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction or stroke, health-related quality of life and socioeconomic effects.The following comparisons mostly reported only a fraction of our main outcome set. Fifteen RCTs compared metformin with diet and exercise with or without placebo: all-cause mortality was 7/1353 versus 7/1480 (RR 1.11, 95% CI 0.41 to 3.01; P = 0.83; 2833 participants, 5 trials; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 324/1751 versus 529/1881 participants (RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.65; P < 0.001; 3632 participants, 12 trials; moderate-quality evidence); the reporting of SAEs was insufficient and diverse and meta-analysis could not be performed (reported numbers were 4/118 versus 2/191; 309 participants; 4 trials; very low-quality evidence); cardiovascular mortality was 1/1073 versus 4/1082 (2416 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence). One trial reported no clear difference in health-related quality of life after 3.2 years of follow-up (very low-quality evidence). Two trials estimated the direct medical costs (DMC) per participant for metformin varying from $220 to $1177 versus $61 to $184 in the comparator group (2416 participants; 2 trials; low-quality evidence). Eight RCTs compared metformin with intensive diet and exercise: all-cause mortality was 7/1278 versus 4/1272 (RR 1.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 5.23; P = 0.43; 2550 participants, 4 trials; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 304/1455 versus 251/1505 (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.47 to 1.37; P = 0.42; 2960 participants, 7 trials; moderate-quality evidence); the reporting of SAEs was sparse and meta-analysis could not be performed (one trial reported 1/44 in the metformin group versus 0/36 in the intensive exercise and diet group with SAEs). One trial reported that 1/1073 participants in the metformin group compared with 2/1079 participants in the comparator group died from cardiovascular causes. One trial reported that no participant died due to cardiovascular causes (very low-quality evidence). Two trials estimated the DMC per participant for metformin varying from $220 to $1177 versus $225 to $3628 in the comparator group (2400 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence). Three RCTs compared metformin with acarbose: all-cause mortality was 1/44 versus 0/45 (89 participants; 1 trial; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 12/147 versus 7/148 (RR 1.72, 95% CI 0.72 to 4.14; P = 0.22; 295 participants; 3 trials; low-quality evidence); SAEs were 1/51 versus 2/50 (101 participants; 1 trial; very low-quality evidence). Three RCTs compared metformin with thiazolidinediones: incidence of T2DM was 9/161 versus 9/159 (RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.41 to 2.40; P = 0.98; 320 participants; 3 trials; low-quality evidence). SAEs were 3/45 versus 0/41 (86 participants; 1 trial; very low-quality evidence). Three RCTs compared metformin plus intensive diet and exercise with identical intensive diet and exercise: all-cause mortality was 1/121 versus 1/120 participants (450 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence); incidence of T2DM was 48/166 versus 53/166 (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.10 to 2.92; P = 0.49; 332 participants; 2 trials; very low-quality evidence). One trial estimated the DMC of metformin plus intensive diet and exercise to be $270 per participant compared with $225 in the comparator group (94 participants; 1 trial; very-low quality evidence). One trial in 45 participants compared metformin with a sulphonylurea. The trial reported no patient-important outcomes. For all comparisons there were no data on non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or microvascular complications. We identified 11 ongoing trials which potentially could provide data of interest for this review. These trials will add a total of 17,853 participants in future updates of this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Metformin compared with placebo or diet and exercise reduced or delayed the risk of T2DM in people at increased risk for the development of T2DM (moderate-quality evidence). However, metformin compared to intensive diet and exercise did not reduce or delay the risk of T2DM (moderate-quality evidence). Likewise, the combination of metformin and intensive diet and exercise compared to intensive diet and exercise only neither showed an advantage or disadvantage regarding the development of T2DM (very low-quality evidence). Data on patient-important outcomes such as mortality, macrovascular and microvascular diabetic complications and health-related quality of life were sparse or missing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper S Madsen
- University of CopenhagenFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesBlegdamsvej 3BCopenhagen NDenmark2200
| | - Yuan Chi
- University Hospital Zurich and University of ZurichInstitute for Complementary and Integrative MedicineSonneggstrasse 6ZurichBeijingSwitzerland8006
| | - Maria‐Inti Metzendorf
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupMoorenstr. 5DüsseldorfGermany40225
| | - Bernd Richter
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupMoorenstr. 5DüsseldorfGermany40225
| | - Bianca Hemmingsen
- Institute of General Practice, Medical Faculty of the Heinrich‐Heine‐University DüsseldorfCochrane Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders GroupMoorenstr. 5DüsseldorfGermany40225
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22
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Kim C, Harrall KK, Glueck DH, Shumer D, Dabelea D. Childhood adiposity and adolescent sex steroids in the Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019; 91:525-533. [PMID: 31278867 PMCID: PMC6744341 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It is unclear how childhood adipose tissue deposition influences sex hormone profiles in later adolescence. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. PARTICIPANTS Children (n = 418) with a mean age of 10.5 (1.5) years at visit 1 and 16.7 (1.2) at visit 2 in the Exploring Perinatal Outcomes among Children (EPOCH) Study. MEASUREMENTS We used reverse-scale Cox proportional hazard models to assess associations between pubertal dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), testosterone (T), and oestradiol (E2) and childhood-to-puberty rate of change in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT). Models stratified by sex and adjusted for childhood adiposity, maternal factors, birthweight and pubertal onset, and then further adjusted for insulin, luteinizing hormone (LH), leptin and hepatic fat fraction. RESULTS Among boys, more rapid accumulation of either VAT or SAT was associated with lower testosterone at visit 2 (HR 0.86, and .96, respectively, both P < .0001), independently of race/ethnicity, LH, leptin and hepatic fat fraction. Among boys, more childhood VAT was associated with lower testosterone in adolescence (HR 0.98, P = .003), but this association did not persist after adjustment for leptin or insulin. No associations were observed between either fat measure and oestradiol or DHEA in boys. In girls, no associations between childhood fat or fat accumulation and sex hormones were observed. CONCLUSIONS More rapid accumulation of fat is associated with lower testosterone in boys. These associations suggest that fat growth influences androgen profiles in adolescent boys. Since fat accumulation is a modifiable risk factor, the study results provide a possible intervention target and time period for improving adult health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kim
- Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kylie K Harrall
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Deborah H Glueck
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daniel Shumer
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes (LEAD) Center, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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23
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Dickerman BA, Torfadottir JE, Valdimarsdottir UA, Giovannucci E, Wilson KM, Aspelund T, Tryggvadottir L, Sigurdardottir LG, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Gudnason V, Markt SC, Mucci LA. Body fat distribution on computed tomography imaging and prostate cancer risk and mortality in the AGES-Reykjavik study. Cancer 2019; 125:2877-2885. [PMID: 31179538 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.32167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Cancer Research Fund classifies as "strong evidence" the link between obesity and the risk of advanced prostate cancer. In light of the different hormonal profiles associated with where adipose is stored, this study investigated the role of objectively measured body fat distribution and the risk of clinically relevant prostate cancer. METHODS This was a prospective study of 1832 men in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik study. From 2002 to 2006, participants underwent baseline computed tomography imaging of fat deposition, bioelectric impedance analysis, and measurement of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference. Men were followed through linkage with nationwide cancer registries for the incidence of total (n = 172), high-grade (Gleason grade ≥8; n = 43), advanced (≥cT3b/N1/M1 at diagnosis or fatal prostate cancer over follow-up; n = 41), and fatal prostate cancer (n = 31) through 2015. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association between adiposity measures and prostate cancer outcomes. RESULTS Among all men, visceral fat (hazard ratio [HR], 1.31 per 1-standard deviation [SD] increase; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00-1.72) and thigh subcutaneous fat (HR, 1.37 per 1-SD increase; 95% CI, 1.00-1.88) were associated with risk of advanced and fatal disease, respectively. Among men who were leaner based on BMI, visceral fat was associated with both advanced and fatal disease. BMI and waist circumference were associated with a higher risk of advanced and fatal disease. No adiposity measures were associated with total or high-grade disease. CONCLUSIONS Specific fat depots as well as BMI and waist circumference were associated with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer, which may help to elucidate underlying mechanisms and target intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbra A Dickerman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Johanna E Torfadottir
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Unnur A Valdimarsdottir
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edward Giovannucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kathryn M Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Thor Aspelund
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Laufey Tryggvadottir
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lara G Sigurdardottir
- Centre for Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Education and Prevention, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Cancer Registry, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
| | - Sarah C Markt
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lorelei A Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Kim C, Ricardo AC, Boyko EJ, Christophi CA, Temprosa M, Watson KE, Pi-Sunyer X, Kalyani RR. Sex Hormones and Measures of Kidney Function in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2019; 104:1171-1180. [PMID: 30398516 PMCID: PMC6391355 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2018-01495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Despite sex differences in chronic kidney disease (CKD) onset and progression, it is unclear whether endogenous sex hormones are associated with kidney function in persons without CKD. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) and its follow-up observational study, the DPP Outcomes Study, over 11 years. Participants included overweight and glucose-intolerant men (n = 889) and pre- and postmenopausal women (n = 1281) not using exogenous sex hormones and whose urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) was <30 mg/g and normal estimated glomerular filtration ratio (eGFR) was ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at randomization. We examined the association between sex hormone levels and incidence of low eGFR and/or ACR ≥30 mg/g on at least one measurement. RESULTS At randomization, the mean (SD) eGFR was 94 (15) mL/min/1.73 m2; the median ACR (interquartile range) was 4.5 (3.3 to 7.6) mg/g. During follow-up, 187 men (24.6%) and 263 women (24.2%) had incident albuminuria and 136 men (17.9%) and 123 women (11.3%) had incident low eGFR. Among men, higher baseline sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) level was associated with reduced low eGFR risk (hazard ratio per SD, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.90) in adjusted analyses. No significant associations were observed among women. There were significant interactions between sex steroid levels and low eGFR by randomization arm. CONCLUSION Sex steroids were not associated with development of low eGFR or albuminuria. Among men, higher SHBG level was associated with reduced risk of low eGFR on at least one measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Kim
- Departments of Medicine, Obstetrics & Gynecology, and Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Ana C Ricardo
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Edward J Boyko
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Marinella Temprosa
- Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Karol E Watson
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xavier Pi-Sunyer
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York
| | - Rita R Kalyani
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Vihma V, Heinonen S, Naukkarinen J, Kaprio J, Rissanen A, Turpeinen U, Hämäläinen E, Hakkarainen A, Lundbom J, Lundbom N, Mikkola TS, Tikkanen MJ, Pietiläinen KH. Increased body fat mass and androgen metabolism - A twin study in healthy young women. Steroids 2018; 140:24-31. [PMID: 30149073 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity may alter serum steroid concentrations and metabolism. We investigated this in healthy young women with increased body fat and their leaner co-twin sisters. DESIGN Age and genetic background both strongly influence serum steroid levels and body composition. This is a cross-sectional study of 13 female monozygotic twin pairs (age, 23-36 years), ten of which were discordant for body mass index (median difference in body weight between the co-twins, 19 kg). METHODS We determined body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging, serum androgens by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and mRNA expression of genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue and adipocytes. RESULTS The heavier women had lower serum dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (P < 0.05 for all) compared to their leaner co-twins with no differences in serum testosterone or androstenedione levels. Serum DHEA correlated inversely with %body fat (r = -0.905, P = 0.002), and DHT positively with SHBG (r = 0.842, P = 0.002). In adipose tissue or adipocytes, expressions of STS (steroid sulfatase) and androgen-related genes were significantly higher in the heavier compared to the leaner co-twin, and within pairs, correlated positively with adiposity but were not related to serum androgen levels. None of the serum androgen or SHBG levels correlated with indices of insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS Serum DHEA levels were best predicted by %body fat, and serum DHT by SHBG. These or other serum androgen concentrations did not reflect differences in androgen-related genes in adipose tissue. General or intra-abdominal adiposity were not associated with increased androgenicity in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veera Vihma
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Heart and Lung Center, Biomedicum C315a, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Sini Heinonen
- University of Helsinki, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Obesity Research Unit, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Naukkarinen
- University of Helsinki, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Obesity Research Unit, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- University of Helsinki, FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, and Department of Public Health, P.O. Box 20, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aila Rissanen
- University of Helsinki, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Obesity Research Unit, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ursula Turpeinen
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUSLAB, P.O. Box 720, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esa Hämäläinen
- Helsinki University Hospital, HUSLAB, P.O. Box 720, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Hakkarainen
- University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jesper Lundbom
- University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nina Lundbom
- University of Helsinki and HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tomi S Mikkola
- Folkhälsan Research Center, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology, P.O. Box 140, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Matti J Tikkanen
- University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Heart and Lung Center, Biomedicum C315a, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Research Center, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi H Pietiläinen
- University of Helsinki, Research Programs Unit, Diabetes and Obesity, Obesity Research Unit, P.O. Box 63, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland; Helsinki University Hospital, Endocrinology, Abdominal Center, P.O. Box 340, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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26
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Singh A, Dobs AS. Is it Time to Test the Effect of Weight Loss on Testosterone? Clin Chem 2018; 65:48-50. [PMID: 30487123 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.289355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Karakas SE, Surampudi P. New Biomarkers to Evaluate Hyperandrogenemic Women and Hypogonadal Men. Adv Clin Chem 2018; 86:71-125. [PMID: 30144842 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Androgens can have variable effects on men and women. Women may be evaluated for androgen excess for several reasons. Typically, young premenopausal women present with clinical symptoms of hirsutism, alopecia, irregular menses, and/or infertility. The most common cause of these symptoms is polycystic ovary syndrome. After menopause, even though ovaries stop producing estrogen, they continue to produce androgen, and women can have new onset of hirsutism and alopecia. Laboratory evaluation involves measurement of the major ovarian and adrenal androgens. In women, age, phase of the menstrual cycle, menopausal status, obesity, metabolic health, and sex hormone-binding proteins significantly affect total-androgen levels and complicate interpretation. This review will summarize the clinically relevant evaluation of hyperandrogenemia at different life stages in women and highlight pitfalls associated with interpretation of commonly used hormone measurements. Hypogonadism in men is a clinical syndrome characterized by low testosterone and/or low sperm count. Symptoms of hypogonadism include decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, decreased vitality, decreased muscle mass, increased adiposity, depressed mood, osteopenia, and osteoporosis. Hypogonadism is a common disorder in aging men. Hypogonadism is observed rarely in young boys and adolescent men. Based on the defects in testes, hypothalamus, and/or pituitary glands, hypogonadism can be broadly classified as primary, secondary, and mixed hypogonadism. Diagnosis of hypogonadism in men is based on symptoms and laboratory measurement. Biomarkers in use/development for hypogonadism are classified as hormonal, Leydig and Sertoli cell function, semen, genetic/RNA, metabolic, microbiome, and muscle mass-related. These biomarkers are useful for diagnosis of hypogonadism, determination of the type of hypogonadism, identification of the underlying causes, and therapeutic assessment. Measurement of serum testosterone is usually the most important single diagnostic test for male hypogonadism. Patients with primary hypogonadism have low testosterone and increased luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Patients with secondary hypogonadism have low testosterone and low or inappropriately normal LH and FSH. This review provides an overview of hypogonadism in men and a detailed discussion of biomarkers currently in use and in development for diagnosis thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidika E Karakas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Prasanth Surampudi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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Yates MS, Coletta AM, Zhang Q, Schmandt RE, Medepalli M, Nebgen D, Soletsky B, Milbourne A, Levy E, Fellman B, Urbauer D, Yuan Y, Broaddus RR, Basen-Engquist K, Lu K. Prospective Randomized Biomarker Study of Metformin and Lifestyle Intervention for Prevention in Obese Women at Increased Risk for Endometrial Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2018; 11:477-490. [PMID: 29716897 PMCID: PMC6072574 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-17-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity increases risk of endometrial cancer through dysregulation of estrogen and insulin signaling. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of metformin or lifestyle intervention on endometrial proliferation in postmenopausal obese women. Secondary aims included evaluating obesity-related biomarkers and adverse events experienced. Obese, postmenopausal women with prediabetes were randomized into four groups for a 16-week intervention using a 2 (metformin 1700 mg/day vs. placebo) × 2 (lifestyle intervention vs. no lifestyle intervention) factorial design. Pre- and postintervention endometrial proliferation, anthropometrics, body composition, and serum biomarkers (sex hormones, sex hormone binding globulin, IGF-I, adiponectin, omentin, insulin, glucose, and others) were assessed. Data were analyzed with linear regression models and false-discovery rate correction. Of 576 women approached for the study, 52 attended initial screening, 29 were eligible and randomized, and 26 completed the study. Lifestyle intervention resulted in significant loss of weight (-4.23 kg, P = 0.006) and total fat mass (-3.23 kg, P < 0.001). Participants receiving metformin lost 3.43 kg of weight (P = 0.023), but this was not statistically significant after multiple comparisons adjustment controlling false-discovery rate to 10%. Endometrial proliferation was low at baseline (mean 7.1%) and remained unchanged by 16 weeks, but included substantial variability. Metformin and lifestyle intervention produced minor changes to serum biomarkers. Lifestyle intervention produced the most significant changes in weight and body composition. While it is known that obese postmenopausal women are at increased risk for endometrial cancer, improved biomarkers are needed to stratify risk and test prevention strategies, particularly at the endometrial tissue level. Cancer Prev Res; 11(8); 477-90. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda S Yates
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Adriana M Coletta
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rosemarie E Schmandt
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Meena Medepalli
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Denise Nebgen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Beth Soletsky
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Andrea Milbourne
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Erma Levy
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Bryan Fellman
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Diana Urbauer
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Russell R Broaddus
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karen Basen-Engquist
- Department of Behavioral Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Karen Lu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
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Gyawali P, Martin SA, Heilbronn LK, Vincent AD, Jenkins AJ, Januszewski AS, Taylor AW, Adams RJT, O’Loughlin PD, Wittert GA. Cross-sectional and longitudinal determinants of serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in a cohort of community-dwelling men. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200078. [PMID: 29995902 PMCID: PMC6040731 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its widespread clinical use, there is little data available from population-based studies on the determinants of serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). We aimed to examine multifactorial determinants of circulating SHBG levels in community-dwelling men. Study participants comprised randomly selected 35–80 y.o. men (n = 2563) prospectively-followed for 5 years (n = 2038) in the Men Androgen Inflammation Lifestyle Environment and Stress (MAILES) study. After excluding men with illness or medications known to affect SHBG (n = 172), data from 1786 men were available at baseline, and 1476 at follow-up. The relationship between baseline body composition (DXA), serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides, thyroxine (fT4), sex steroids (total testosterone (TT), oestradiol (E2)), and pro-inflammatory cytokines and serum SHBG level at both baseline & follow-up was determined by linear and penalized logistic regression models adjusting for age, lifestyle & demographic, body composition, metabolic, and hormonal factors. Restricted cubic spline analyses was also conducted to capture possible non-linear relationships. At baseline there were positive cross-sectional associations between age (β = 0.409, p<0.001), TT (β = 0.560, p<0.001), fT4 (β = 0.067, p = 0.019) and SHBG, and negative associations between triglycerides (β = -0.112, p<0.001), abdominal fat mass (β = -0.068, p = 0.032) and E2 (β = -0.058, p = 0.050) and SHBG. In longitudinal analysis the positive determinants of SHBG at 4.9 years were age (β = 0.406, p = <0.001), TT (β = 0.461, p = <0.001), and fT4 (β = 0.040, p = 0.034) and negative determinants were triglycerides (β = -0.065, p = 0.027) and abdominal fat mass (β = -0.078, p = 0.032). Taken together these data suggest low SHBG is a marker of abdominal obesity and increased serum triglycerides, conditions which are known to have been associated with low testosterone and low T4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabin Gyawali
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail: (PG); (GW)
| | - Sean A. Martin
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Leonie K. Heilbronn
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew D. Vincent
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alicia J. Jenkins
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrzej S. Januszewski
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne W. Taylor
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Population Research and Outcomes Studies, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert J. T. Adams
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- The Health Observatory, University of Adelaide, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Gary A. Wittert
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- * E-mail: (PG); (GW)
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Rotter I, Rył A, Grzesiak K, Szylińska A, Pawlukowska W, Lubkowska A, Sipak-Szmigiel O, Pabisiak K, Laszczyńska M. Cross-Sectional Inverse Associations of Obesity and Fat Accumulation Indicators with Testosterone in Non-Diabetic Aging Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15061207. [PMID: 29890654 PMCID: PMC6025180 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15061207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Introduction/Objective: The aim of the study was to show which of the adipose tissue accumulation indicators correlate with testosterone disorders in non-diabetic aging men. Material and methods: 455 non diabetic men, recruited at primary care facilities, aged 50⁻75 participated in the study. The participants underwent anthropometric measurement and ELISA determination of total testosterone (TT), estradiol (E₂), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S), sex hormone binding protein (SHBG), and the determination of fasting glucose (FPG), high-density lipids cholesterol (HDL-Ch), and triacylglycerols (TAG) in serum. The following indicators were calculated: body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), lipid accumulation product (LAP), and visceral adiposity index (VAI). Results: Men with testosterone deficiency syndrome (TDS) differed in each of the assessed obesity indices from those without TDS. All of the studied parameters correlated significantly negatively with TT concentration in blood serum, with VAI being the strongest predictor of TDS. It was shown that the threshold value at which the risk of TDS increased was 28.41 kg/m² for BMI, 1.58 for VAI, 104 cm for WC, and 37.01 for LAP. Conclusions: Indicators of fat accumulation that take into account biochemical parameters in assessing lipid metabolism are better markers of actual body fat deposition than indicators based solely on anthropometric measurements. Among them, VAI seems the most suitable biomarker of TDS in non-diabetic aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rotter
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Rył
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Grzesiak
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Szylińska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Wioletta Pawlukowska
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation and Clinical Physiotherapy, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Anna Lubkowska
- Department of Physical Medicine and Functional Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 54, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Olimpia Sipak-Szmigiel
- Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Pabisiak
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Maria Laszczyńska
- Department of Histology and Developmental Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, Żołnierska 48, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland.
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Sam S. Differential effect of subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue on cardiometabolic risk. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2018. [PMID: 29522417 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2018-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are increasing worldwide due to the rise in the obesity epidemic. The metabolic consequences of obesity vary by distribution of adipose tissue. Visceral and ectopic adipose accumulation are associated with adverse cardiometabolic consequences, while gluteal-femoral adipose accumulation are negatively associated with these adverse complications and subcutaneous abdominal adipose accumulation is more neutral in its associations. Gender, race and ethnic differences in adipose tissue distribution have been described and could account for the observed differences in risk for cardiometabolic disease. The mechanisms behind the differential impact of adipose tissue on cardiometabolic risk have started to be unraveled and include differences in adipocyte biology, inflammatory profile, connection to systemic circulation and most importantly the inability of the subcutaneous adipose tissue to expand in response to positive energy balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Sam
- University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA, Phone: +773-702 5641, Fax: +773-702 7686
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Harreiter J, Kautzky-Willer A. Sex and Gender Differences in Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:220. [PMID: 29780358 PMCID: PMC5945816 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle intervention programs are effective in the prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in high risk populations. However, most studies only give limited information about the influence of sex and/or gender effectiveness of these interventions. So far, similar outcome was reported for diabetes progression and weight loss. Nevertheless, long-term data on cardiovascular outcome are sparse but favoring women regarding all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In both men and women, sex hormone imbalances and reproductive disorders are associated with a higher risk of T2DM development. Diabetes prevention approaches are reported for polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, and erectile dysfunction and are presented in this review. In the surgical treatment options for morbid obese patients, sex and gender differences are present. Choices and preferences of adherence to lifestyle and pharmacological interventions, expectations, treatment effects, and complications are influenced by sex or gender. In general, bariatric surgery is performed more often in women seeking medical/surgical help to lose weight. Men are older and have higher comorbidities and mortality rates and worse follow-up outcome after bariatric surgery. A more gender-sensitive clinical approach, as well as consideration of ethnicity may improve quality of life and increase health and life expectancy in men and women with a high risk for subsequent progression to T2DM.
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