1
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Dai Y, Zhang X, Ou Y, Zou L, Zhang D, Yang Q, Qin Y, Du X, Li W, Yuan Z, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Anoikis resistance--protagonists of breast cancer cells survive and metastasize after ECM detachment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:190. [PMID: 37537585 PMCID: PMC10399053 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer exhibits the highest global incidence among all tumor types. Regardless of the type of breast cancer, metastasis is a crucial cause of poor prognosis. Anoikis, a form of apoptosis initiated by cell detachment from the native environment, is an outside-in process commencing with the disruption of cytosolic connectors such as integrin-ECM and cadherin-cell. This disruption subsequently leads to intracellular cytoskeletal and signaling pathway alterations, ultimately activating caspases and initiating programmed cell death. Development of an anoikis-resistant phenotype is a critical initial step in tumor metastasis. Breast cancer employs a series of stromal alterations to suppress anoikis in cancer cells. Comprehensive investigation of anoikis resistance mechanisms can inform strategies for preventing and regressing metastatic breast cancer. The present review first outlines the physiological mechanisms of anoikis, elucidating the alterations in signaling pathways, cytoskeleton, and protein targets that transpire from the outside in upon adhesion loss in normal breast cells. The specific anoikis resistance mechanisms induced by pathological changes in various spatial structures during breast cancer development are also discussed. Additionally, the genetic loci of targets altered in the development of anoikis resistance in breast cancer, are summarized. Finally, the micro-RNAs and targeted drugs reported in the literature concerning anoikis are compiled, with keratocin being the most functionally comprehensive. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Kangding, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingjun Ou
- Clinical Medicine School, Southwest Medicial Univercity, Luzhou, China
- Orthopaedics, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Kangding, China
| | - Linglin Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Duoli Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qingfan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiuju Du
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | | | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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2
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Géci I, Bober P, Filová E, Amler E, Sabo J. The Role of ARHGAP1 in Rho GTPase Inactivation during Metastasizing of Breast Cancer Cell Line MCF-7 after Treatment with Doxorubicin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11352. [PMID: 37511111 PMCID: PMC10379778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer type in women worldwide. It proliferates rapidly and can metastasize into farther tissues at any stage due to the gradual invasiveness and motility of the tumor cells. These crucial properties are the outcome of the weakened intercellular adhesion, regulated by small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which hydrolyze to the guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound conformation. We investigated the inactivating effect of ARHGAP1 on Rho GTPases involved signaling pathways after treatment with a high dose of doxorubicin. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the proteome isolated from the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, treated with 1 μM of doxorubicin, identified RAC1, CDC42, and RHOA GTPases that were inactivated by the ARHGAP1 protein. Upregulation of the GTPases involved in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathway initiated epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. These findings demonstrate a key role of the ARHGAP1 protein in the disruption of the cell adhesion and simultaneously allow for a better understanding of the molecular mechanism of the reduced cell adhesion leading to the subsequent metastasis. The conclusions of this study corroborate the hypothesis that chemotherapy with doxorubicin may increase the risk of metastases in drug-resistant breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imrich Géci
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Bober
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Eva Filová
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Evžen Amler
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ján Sabo
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 04011 Košice, Slovakia
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3
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Donta MS, Srivastava Y, Di Mauro CM, Paulucci-Holthauzen A, Waxham MN, McCrea PD. p120-catenin subfamily members have distinct as well as shared effects on dendrite morphology during neuron development in vitro. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1151249. [PMID: 37082208 PMCID: PMC10112520 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1151249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic arborization is essential for proper neuronal connectivity and function. Conversely, abnormal dendrite morphology is associated with several neurological pathologies like Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. Among major intrinsic mechanisms that determine the extent of the dendritic arbor is cytoskeletal remodeling. Here, we characterize and compare the impact of the four proteins involved in cytoskeletal remodeling-vertebrate members of the p120-catenin subfamily-on neuronal dendrite morphology. In relation to each of their own distributions, we find that p120-catenin and delta-catenin are expressed at relatively higher proportions in growth cones compared to ARVCF-catenin and p0071-catenin; ARVCF-catenin is expressed at relatively high proportions in the nucleus; and all catenins are expressed in dendritic processes and the soma. Through altering the expression of each p120-subfamily catenin in neurons, we find that exogenous expression of either p120-catenin or delta-catenin correlates with increased dendritic length and branching, whereas their respective depletion decreases dendritic length and branching. While increasing ARVCF-catenin expression also increases dendritic length and branching, decreasing expression has no grossly observable morphological effect. Finally, increasing p0071-catenin expression increases dendritic branching, but not length, while decreasing expression decreases dendritic length and branching. These distinct localization patterns and morphological effects during neuron development suggest that these catenins have both shared and distinct roles in the context of dendrite morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxsam S. Donta
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yogesh Srivastava
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christina M. Di Mauro
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | | | - M. Neal Waxham
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Pierre D. McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
- Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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4
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Shan B, Horton EC, Xu SC, Huntington KE, Kawano DK, Mendoza CL, Lin L, Stafford CM, Allen ED, Huang J, Nakahara H, Greenstein LE, Hille MB. Dephosphorylation of Y228 and Y217 and phosphorylation of Y335 in p120 catenin activate convergent extension during zebrafish gastrulation. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:1934-1951. [PMID: 35996230 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cadherin-associated protein p120 catenin regulates convergent extension through interactions with cadherin proteins, Cdc42, and Rac1, as we previously showed in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Phosphorylation of p120 catenin changes the nature of its activity in vitro but is virtually unexplored in embryos. We used our previously developed antisense RNA splice-site morpholino targeted to endogenous p120 catenin-δ1 to cause defects in axis elongation probing the functions of three p120 catenin tyrosine-phosphorylation sites in gastrulating zebrafish embryos. RESULTS The morpholino-induced defects were rescued by co-injections with mouse p120 catenin-δ1-3A mRNAs mutated at residues Y228 and Y217 to a non-phosphorylatable phenylalanine (F) or mutated at residue Y335 to a phosphomimetic glutamic acid (E). Co-injection of the complementary mutations Y228E, Y217E, or Y335F mRNAs partially rescued embryos whereas dual mutation to Y228E-Y217E blocked rescue. Immunopurification showed Y228F mutant proteins preferentially interacted with Rac1, potentially promoting cell migration. In contrast, the phosphomimetic Y228E preferentially interacted with E-cadherin increasing adhesion. Both Y228F and Y335F strongly bind VAV2. CONCLUSIONS p120 catenin serves dual roles during gastrulation of zebrafish. Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues Y217, Y228, and Y335 precisely balance cell adhesion and cell migration to facilitate somite compaction and axis elongation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Botao Shan
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Emma C Horton
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shan C Xu
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,New York University Stern Business School, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelsey E Huntington
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Pathobiology Graduate Program, Division of Biology and Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dane K Kawano
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Clemence L Mendoza
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laura Lin
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Touro University California College of Osteopathic Medicine, Vallejo, CA, USA
| | | | - Emili D Allen
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hiroko Nakahara
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lewis E Greenstein
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Medical Entomology, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Merrill B Hille
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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5
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Kupai A, Nakahara H, Voss KM, Hirano MS, Rodriguez A, Lackey DL, Murayama JF, Mathieson CJ, Shan B, Horton EC, Curtis GH, Huang J, Hille MB. Phosphorylation of serine residues S252, S268/S269, and S879 in p120 catenin activates migration of presomitic mesoderm in gastrulating zebrafish embryos. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:1952-1967. [PMID: 35706088 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadherin-associated protein p120 catenin regulates cell adhesion and migration in cell cultures and is required for axial elongation in embryos. Its roles in adhesion and cell migration are regulated by phosphorylation. We determined the effects of phosphorylation of six serine and three threonine residues in p120 catenin during zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryogenesis. RESULTS We knocked down endogenous p120 catenin-δ1 with an antisense RNA-splice-site morpholino (Sp-MO) causing defects in axis elongation. These defects were rescued by co-injections of mRNAs for wildtype mouse p120 catenin-δ1-3A or various mutated forms. Several mRNAs containing serine or threonine codons singly or doubly mutated to phosphomimetic glutamic acid rescued, and some nonphosphorylatable mutants did not. CONCLUSIONS We discovered that phosphorylation of serine residue S252 or S879 is required for convergent extension of zebrafish embryos, since rescue occurred only when these residues were mutated to glutamic acid. In addition, the phosphorylation of either S268 or S269 is required, not both, consistent with the presence of only a single one of these residues in two isoforms of zebrafish and Xenopus laevis. In summary, phosphorylation of multiple serine and threonine residues of p120 catenin activates migration of presomitic mesoderm of zebrafish embryos facilitating elongation of the dorsal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana Kupai
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA
| | - Hiroko Nakahara
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kathleen M Voss
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Matthew S Hirano
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alexis Rodriguez
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Apex Systems, Santa Clara, California, USA
| | - Donna L Lackey
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,PACT Pharma, 2 Corporate Drive, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - James F Murayama
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,DDS Private Practice, Mission Viejo, California, USA
| | - Chase J Mathieson
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Integrative Biomedical and Diagnostic Science, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Botao Shan
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Tulane University Medical School, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Emma C Horton
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Developmental & Stem Cell Biology Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Grace H Curtis
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Joyce Huang
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Merrill B Hille
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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6
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Naser AN, Guiler W, Lu Q, Chen Y. Nanoarchitecture and molecular interactions of epithelial cell junction proteins revealed by super-resolution microscopy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1516:175-187. [PMID: 35819053 PMCID: PMC9588527 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cells are polarized with defined apical tight junctions (TJs), lateral adherens junctions (AJs), and basal integrin-matrix interactions. However, it is increasingly recognized that resident cell junction proteins can be found in varying locations and with previously unrecognized functions. Our study here presents the nanoarchitecture and nanocolocalization of cell junction proteins in culture and tissue by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). The Z-axial view of noncancerous MDCK-II and PZ-HPV-7 cell-cell junctions resolved β-catenin and p120ctn localizations to TJs and AJs, with p120ctn apical to β-catenin and colocalizing with TJ protein claudin-7. More basally, p120ctn and β-catenin become colocalized. This topography was lost in isogenic Ras-transformed MDCK cells and cancerous PC3 cells, where p120ctn becomes basally localized in relation to β-catenin. Claudin-7 gene conditional knockout (cKO) in mice also have altered polarity of p120ctn relative to β-catenin, like that seen in normal-to-cancer cell phenotypic transformation. Additionally, claudin-7 cKO resulted in redistribution and relocalization of other cell junction proteins, including claudin-1, zonula occludens-1, integrin α2, epithelial cell adhesion molecule, and focal adhesion kinase (FAK); specifically, integrin α2 and FAK were observed at the apical-lateral compartment. Our data show that STORM reveals regional cellular junction nanoarchitecture previously uncharacterized, providing new insight into potential trans-compartmental modulation of protein functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna N. Naser
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - William Guiler
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Qun Lu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Yan‐Hua Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of MedicineEast Carolina UniversityGreenvilleNorth CarolinaUSA
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7
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Kourtidis A, Dighera B, Risner A, Hackemack R, Nikolaidis N. Origin and Evolution of the Multifaceted Adherens Junction Component Plekha7. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:856975. [PMID: 35399503 PMCID: PMC8983885 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.856975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plekha7 is a key adherens junction component involved in numerous functions in mammalian cells. Plekha7 is the most studied member of the PLEKHA protein family, which includes eight members with diverse functions. However, the evolutionary history of Plekha7 remains unexplored. Here, we outline the phylogeny and identify the origins of this gene and its paralogs. We show that Plekha7, together with Plekha4, Plekha5, and Plekha6, belong to a subfamily that we name PLEKHA4/5/6/7. This subfamily is distinct from the other Plekha proteins, which form two additional separate subfamilies, namely PLEKHA1/2 and PLEKHA3/8. Sequence, phylogenetic, exon-intron organization, and syntenic analyses reveal that the PLEKHA4/5/6/7 subfamily is represented by a single gene in invertebrates, which remained single in the last common ancestor of all chordates and underwent gene duplications distinctly in jawless and jawed vertebrates. In the latter species, a first round of gene duplications gave rise to the Plekha4/7 and Plekha5/6 pairs and a second round to the four extant members of the subfamily. These observations are consistent with the 1R/2R hypothesis of vertebrate genome evolution. Plekha7 and Plekha5 also exist in two copies in ray-finned fishes, due to the Teleostei-specific whole genome duplication. Similarities between the vertebrate Plekha4/5/6/7 members and non-chordate sequences are restricted to their N-terminal PH domains, whereas similarities across the remaining protein molecule are only sporadically found among few invertebrate species and are limited to the coiled-coil and extreme C-terminal ends. The vertebrate Plekha4/5/6/7 proteins contain extensive intrinsically disordered domains, which are topologically and structurally conserved in all chordates, but not in non-chordate invertebrates. In summary, our study sheds light on the origins and evolution of Plekha7 and the PLEKHA4/5/6/7 subfamily and unveils new critical information suitable for future functional studies of this still understudied group of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Bryan Dighera
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Alyssa Risner
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Rob Hackemack
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
| | - Nikolas Nikolaidis
- Department of Biological Science, Center for Applied Biotechnology Studies, Center for Computational and Applied Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States
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8
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De Pasquale D, Marino A, Tapeinos C, Pucci C, Rocchiccioli S, Michelucci E, Finamore F, McDonnell L, Scarpellini A, Lauciello S, Prato M, Larrañaga A, Drago F, Ciofani G. Homotypic targeting and drug delivery in glioblastoma cells through cell membrane-coated boron nitride nanotubes. MATERIALS & DESIGN 2020; 192:108742. [PMID: 32394995 PMCID: PMC7212088 DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive types of brain cancer, characterized by rapid progression, resistance to treatments, and low survival rates; the development of a targeted treatment for this disease is still today an unattained objective. Among the different strategies developed in the latest few years for the targeted delivery of nanotherapeutics, homotypic membrane-membrane recognition is one of the most promising and efficient. In this work, we present an innovative drug-loaded nanocarrier with improved targeting properties based on the homotypic recognition of GBM cells. The developed nanoplatform consists of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) loaded with doxorubicin (Dox) and coated with cell membranes (CM) extracted from GBM cells (Dox-CM-BNNTs). We demonstrated as Dox-CM-BNNTs are able to specifically target and kill GBM cells in vitro, leaving unaffected healthy brain cells, upon successful crossing an in vitro blood-brain barrier model. The excellent targeting performances of the nanoplatform can be ascribed to the protein component of the membrane coating, and proteomic analysis of differently expressed membrane proteins present on the CM of GBM cells and of healthy astrocytes allowed the identification of potential candidates involved in the process of homotypic cancer cell recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele De Pasquale
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, The Biorobotics Institute, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Attilio Marino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Christos Tapeinos
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Carlotta Pucci
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
| | - Silvia Rocchiccioli
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Michelucci
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Finamore
- National Research Council, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Liam McDonnell
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza - ONLUS, Via Ferruccio Giovannini 13, 56017 San Giuliano Terme, Italy
| | - Alice Scarpellini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Electron Microscopy Facility, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Simone Lauciello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Electron Microscopy Facility, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Materials Characterization Facility, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Aitor Larrañaga
- University of the Basque Country, Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science & POLYMAT, Barrio Sarriena, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Filippo Drago
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Nanochemistry Department, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Italy
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9
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Mundi S, Massaro M, Scoditti E, Carluccio MA, van Hinsbergh VWM, Iruela-Arispe ML, De Caterina R. Endothelial permeability, LDL deposition, and cardiovascular risk factors-a review. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:35-52. [PMID: 29228169 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Early atherosclerosis features functional and structural changes in the endothelial barrier function that affect the traffic of molecules and solutes between the vessel lumen and the vascular wall. Such changes are mechanistically related to the development of atherosclerosis. Proatherogenic stimuli and cardiovascular risk factors, such as dyslipidaemias, diabetes, obesity, and smoking, all increase endothelial permeability sharing a common signalling denominator: an imbalance in the production/disposal of reactive oxygen species (ROS), broadly termed oxidative stress. Mostly as a consequence of the activation of enzymatic systems leading to ROS overproduction, proatherogenic factors lead to a pro-inflammatory status that translates in changes in gene expression and functional rearrangements, including changes in the transendothelial transport of molecules, leading to the deposition of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and the subsequent infiltration of circulating leucocytes in the intima. In this review, we focus on such early changes in atherogenesis and on the concept that proatherogenic stimuli and risk factors for cardiovascular disease, by altering the endothelial barrier properties, co-ordinately trigger the accumulation of LDL in the intima and ultimately plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santa Mundi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology (DISTEBA), University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Marika Massaro
- National Research Council (CNR), Department of Biomedical sciences, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Egeria Scoditti
- National Research Council (CNR), Department of Biomedical sciences, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Annunziata Carluccio
- National Research Council (CNR), Department of Biomedical sciences, Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Cardiovascular Research, VU University Medical Center, van der Boechorststraat, NL-1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marial Luisa Iruela-Arispe
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, 610 Charles E Young Dr S, 90095, Los Angeles, USA; and
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science and Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies, University G. D'Annunzio, via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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10
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Chen X, Li X, Wang X, Zhu Q, Wu X, Wang X. MUC16 impacts tumor proliferation and migration through cytoplasmic translocation of P120-catenin in epithelial ovarian cancer cells: an original research. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:171. [PMID: 30795761 PMCID: PMC6387523 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5371-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains one of the most lethal gynecologic cancers, and its pathogenetic mechanism remains unclear. Here we show that MUC16 promotes the translocation of p120-catenin (p120ctn) to the cytoplasm and consequently activates ras homolog (Rho) GTPases RhoA/Cdc42 activation to modulate the proliferation and migration abilities of EOC cells. Methods We collect 94 ovarian cancer (OC) patients’ tissue samples to constitute tissue microarray (TMA) and analyze the MUC16 and p120ctn expression levels. Lentivirus transfection is used to overexpress cytoplasmic tail domain (CTD) of MUC16 and CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing system is firstly used to knock out MUC16 in EOC cells. The proliferation or migration ability of cells is analyzed by MTS or migration assay. Results We find that MUC16 and p120ctn are aberrantly overexpressed in 94 clinical OC samples compared with benign ovarian tumors (BOT). MUC16 is a critical inducer of the proliferation and migration of EOC cells and the CTD of MUC16 plays an important role during this process. In addition, we reveal the relationship between MUC16 and p120ctn, which has not previously been studied. We show that MUC16 promotes the translocation of p120ctn to the cytoplasm and consequently activates Rho GTPases to modulate the proliferation and migration abilities of EOC cells. The cell proliferation and migration abilities induced by MUC16 are mediated by p120ctn through RhoA/Cdc42 activation. Conclusions The highly expressed MUC16 promotes the translocation of p120ctn to the cytoplasm, where it activates RhoA/Cdc42 to modulate the proliferation and migration abilities of EOC cells. These findings may provide new targets for the treatment of EOC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-019-5371-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoduan Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjing Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinyi Zhu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665, Kongjiang Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200000, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Fonseca ICCFE, da Luz FAC, Uehara IA, Silva MJB. Cell-adhesion molecules and their soluble forms: Promising predictors of "tumor progression" and relapse in leukemia. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318811525. [PMID: 30486756 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318811525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Some surface markers are used to discriminate certain leukemic subpopulations that retain a greater oncogenic potential than others, and, for this reason, they were termed as leukemic stem cells, similar to the concept of cancer stem cells in carcinoma. Among these surface markers are proteins involved in cell-cell adhesion or cell-matrix adhesion, and they may play a role in the relapse of leukemia, similar to metastasis in carcinomas. The most important are epithelial cadherin, neural cadherin, epithelial cell-adhesion molecule, and CD44, which can be cleaved and released, and their soluble forms were found increased in serum levels of cancer patients, being implicated, in some cases, with progression, metastases, and relapse. In this review, we highlighted the role of these four adhesion molecules in carcinomas and hematological malignancies, mainly leukemia, and discuss if the serum levels of soluble forms can be correlated with the surface protein status on the leukemic cells. Accession of the soluble forms looks attractive, but their use as markers in cancer must be studied in association with other parameters, as there are significant changes in levels in other pathological conditions besides cancer. Studies correlating the levels of the forms with the status of the membrane-bound proteins in leukemic (stem) cells and correlating those parameters with relapse in leukemia may afford important knowledge and applicability of those serum markers in clinical practice. For instance, the expression of the membrane-bound forms of these adhesion proteins may have promising clinical use in leukemia and other hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Felipe Andrés Cordero da Luz
- 1 Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- 2 Nucleus of Cancer Prevention and Research, Cancer Hospital, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Isadora Akemi Uehara
- 1 Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo José Barbosa Silva
- 1 Laboratory of Tumor Biomarkers and Osteoimmunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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12
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Zhao Y, Yu T, Zhang N, Chen J, Zhang P, Li S, Luo L, Cui Z, Qin Y, Liu F. Nuclear E-Cadherin Acetylation Promotes Colorectal Tumorigenesis via Enhancing β-Catenin Activity. Mol Cancer Res 2018; 17:655-665. [PMID: 30401720 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The E-cadherin/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a critical role in the maintenance of epithelial architecture and regulation of tumor progression. Normally, E-cadherin locates on the cell surface with its cytosolic domain linking to the actin cytoskeleton through interaction with catenins. Although the nuclear localization of E-cadherin has been frequently observed in various types of cancers, little is known regarding the functional consequences of its nuclear translocation. Here, we showed that in colorectal cancer samples and cell lines, E-cadherin localized in the nucleus; and the nuclear localization was mediated through protein interaction with CTNND1. In the nucleus, E-cadherin was acetylated by CREB-binding protein at Lysine870 and Lysine871 in its β-catenin-binding domain, and the acetylation can be reversed by SIRT2. Acetylation of nuclear E-cadherin attenuated its interaction with β-catenin, which therefore released β-catenin from the complex, resulting in increased expression of its downstream genes and accelerated tumor growth and migration. Further study showed that acetylation level of nuclear E-cadherin had high prognostic significance in clinical colorectal samples. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism of tumor progression through posttranslational modification of E-cadherin, which may serve as a potential drug target of tumor therapy. IMPLICATIONS: This finding that acetylation of nuclear E-cadherin regulates β-catenin activity expands our understanding of the acetylation of E-cadherin promotes colorectal cancer cell growth and suggests novel therapeutic approaches of targeting acetylation in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital afflicted to Shandong University, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jianxia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Lijun Luo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Zhenling Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Yue Qin
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTUSM) and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, P.R. China. .,Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital afflicted to Shandong University, Shandong, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School, Shanghai, P.R. China
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13
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Abstract
The pulmonary endothelial cell forms a critical semi-permeable barrier between the vascular and interstitial space. As part of the blood-gas barrier in the lung, the endothelium plays a key role in normal physiologic function and pathologic disease. Changes in endothelial cell shape, defined by its plasma membrane, determine barrier integrity. A number of key cytoskeletal regulatory and effector proteins including non-muscle myosin light chain kinase, cortactin, and Arp 2/3 mediate actin rearrangements to form cortical and membrane associated structures in response to barrier enhancing stimuli. These actin formations support and interact with junctional complexes and exert forces to protrude the lipid membrane to and close gaps between individual cells. The current knowledge of these cytoskeletal processes and regulatory proteins are the subject of this review. In addition, we explore novel advancements in cellular imaging that are poised to shed light on the complex nature of pulmonary endothelial permeability.
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14
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Phattarataratip E, Kositkittiwanit N, Kajornkiatkul P, Yeunyong P, Ratanapitak R. P120 catenin expression and its correlation with E-cadherin in salivary gland neoplasms. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 9:57-62. [PMID: 30258767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Altered P120 catenin expression has been associated with E-cadherin loss and poor prognosis in several cancers. The objectives of this study were to examine the P120 catenin expression in salivary gland neoplasms in correlation with E-cadherin and assess the relationships between their expression levels and pathologic characteristics. Methods Fifty-two cases of salivary gland neoplasms, i.e. 25 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC), 13 adenoid cystic carcinomas (ACC), 12 pleomorphic adenomas (PA) and 2 polymorphous adenocarcinomas (PAC) were included. The expression of P120 catenin and E-cadherin was investigated immunohistochemically. Results Both P120 catenin and E-cadherin were overexpressed in salivary gland neoplasms, compared to normal tissue. P120 catenin was primarily detected on the membrane of neoplastic cells in most cases. A significant correlation between levels of expression of both proteins was noted in MECs. In ACCs and PA, ductal cells showed positive immunoreactivity, whereas myoepithelial cells variably expressed both proteins. Increased P120 catenin expression was significantly associated with the solid subtype of ACCs. Conclusions The cadherin-catenin complex is preserved in the heterogenous tumor cell population in salivary gland neoplasms. Overexpression of P120 catenin may be involved in the progression to solid ACCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekarat Phattarataratip
- Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nicha Kositkittiwanit
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pruch Kajornkiatkul
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pataraporn Yeunyong
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Ratanatip Ratanapitak
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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15
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COMP-Angiopoietin-1 accelerates muscle regeneration through N-cadherin activation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12323. [PMID: 30120297 PMCID: PMC6098079 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiopoietin-1 modulates vascular stability via Tie2 on endothelial cells. In our previous study, we also showed it acts as an inhibitor of cardiomyocyte death. However, it remains poorly understood how Ang1 regulates myogenesis during muscle regeneration. Here we found that COMP-Ang1 (cAng1) enhances muscle regeneration through N-cadherin activation. Muscle fiber regeneration after limb muscle damage by ischemic injury was enhanced with cAng1 treatment. Mechanistically cAng1 directly bound to N-cadherin on the myoblast surface in a Ca2+ dependent manner. The interaction enhanced N-cadherin activation via N-cadherin/p120-catenin complex formation, which in turn activated p38MAPK (but not AKT or ERK) and myogenin expression (but not myoD) as well as increasing myogenin+ cells in/ex vivo. After transplantation of GFP-expressing myoblasts (GFP-MB), we showed an increased generation of GFP+ myotubes with adenovirus cAng1 (Adv-cAng1) injection. Adv-cAng1, however, could not stimulate myotube formation in N-cadherin-depleted GFP-MB. Taken together, this study uncovers the mechanism of how cAng1 promotes myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration through the N-cadherin/p120-catenin/p38MAPK/myogenin axis.
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16
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Mutations in the Epithelial Cadherin-p120-Catenin Complex Cause Mendelian Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip with or without Cleft Palate. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:1143-1157. [PMID: 29805042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NS-CL/P) is one of the most common human birth defects and is generally considered a complex trait. Despite numerous loci identified by genome-wide association studies, the effect sizes of common variants are relatively small, with much of the presumed genetic contribution remaining elusive. We report exome-sequencing results in 209 people from 72 multi-affected families with pedigree structures consistent with autosomal-dominant inheritance and variable penetrance. Herein, pathogenic variants are described in four genes encoding components of the p120-catenin complex (CTNND1, PLEKHA7, PLEKHA5) and an epithelial splicing regulator (ESRP2), in addition to the known CL/P-associated gene, CDH1, which encodes E-cadherin. The findings were also validated in a second cohort of 497 people with NS-CL/P, comprising small families and singletons with pathogenic variants in these genes identified in 14% of multi-affected families and 2% of the replication cohort of smaller families. Enriched expression of each gene/protein in human and mouse embryonic oro-palatal epithelia, demonstration of functional impact of CTNND1 and ESRP2 variants, and recapitulation of the CL/P spectrum in Ctnnd1 knockout mice support a causative role in CL/P pathogenesis. These data show that primary defects in regulators of epithelial cell adhesion are the most significant contributors to NS-CL/P identified to date and that inherited and de novo single gene variants explain a substantial proportion of NS-CL/P.
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17
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Li W, Gao YQ. MiR-217 is involved in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer by down-regulating CDH1 expression. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018; 34:377-384. [PMID: 30063010 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
GC is one of the most leading malignancies all over the world, and is also the leading cause of cancer-related mortalities. At present, GC remains difficult to diagnose at an early stage. In this study, we first detected the expression of 9 selected miRNAs in the exosomes from 67 GC patients' circular exosomes and found 4 miRNAs level was significantly altered. Meanwhile, one out of 4 candidate miRNAs also had a higher expression in the GC tissue samples, and negative correlated with CDH1 expression. Predicted by bioinformatics tools, confirmed by dual luciferase assay and immunoblotting, we identified that CDH1 is a direct target of miR-217. MiR-217 overexpression enhanced gastric cancer cells proliferation, and reduced exosomal CDH1 level which can be delivered into microenvironment. In conclusion, we constructed the negative correlation between miR-217 and CDH1 level in GC patients and cells; unveiled part of the miR-217 function during the pathogenesis of GC. These findings may give insight into understanding the mechanism of GC pathogenesis and provide new biomarkers for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, PR China
| | - Yu-Qiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, PR China.
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18
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Rajendran BK, Deng CX. A comprehensive genomic meta-analysis identifies confirmatory role of OBSCN gene in breast tumorigenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102263-102276. [PMID: 29254242 PMCID: PMC5731952 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The giant multifunctional protein "OBSCURIN" is encoded by OBSCN gene and is mostly expressed in cardiac and other skeletal muscles responsible for myofibrils organization. Loss of OBSCURIN affects the entire downstream pathway proteins vital for various cellular functions including cell integration and cell adhesion. The OBSCN gene mutations are more frequently observed in various muscular diseases, and cancers. Nevertheless, the direct role of OBSCN in tumorigenesis remains elusive. Interestingly, in clinical breast cancer samples a significant number of function changing mutations have been identified in OBSCN gene. In this study, we identified a significant role of OBSCN by conducting an integrative analysis of copy number alterations, functional mutations, gene methylation and expression data from various BRCA cancer projects data available on cBioPortal and TCGA firebrowse portal. Finally, we carried out genetic network analysis, which revealed that OBSCN gene plays a significant role in GPCR, RAS, p75 or Wnt signaling pathways. Similarly, OBSCN gene interacts with many cancer-associated genes involved in breast tumorigenesis. The OBSCN gene probably regulates breast cancer progression and metastasis and the prognostic molecular signatures such as copy number alterations and gene expression of OBSCN may serve as a tool to identify breast tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barani Kumar Rajendran
- Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chu-Xia Deng
- Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
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19
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RORα2 requires LSD1 to enhance tumor progression in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11994. [PMID: 28931919 PMCID: PMC5607251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12344-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-related orphan receptor α (RORα) regulates diverse physiological processes, including inflammatory responses, lipid metabolism, circadian rhythm, and cancer biology. RORα has four different isoforms which have distinct N-terminal domains but share identical DNA binding domain and ligand binding domain in human. However, lack of specific antibody against each RORα isoform makes biochemical studies on each RORα isoform remain unclear. Here, we generate RORα2-specific antibody and characterize the role of RORα2 in promoting tumor progression in breast cancer. RORα2 requires lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1/KDM1A) as a coactivator for transcriptional activation of RORα2 target genes, exemplified by CTNND1. Intriguingly, RORα2 and LSD1 protein levels are dramatically elevated in human breast cancer specimens compared to normal counterparts. Taken together, our studies indicate that LSD1-mediated RORα2 transcriptional activity is important to promote tumor cell migration in human breast cancer as well as breast cancer cell lines. Therefore, our data establish that suppression of LSD1-mediated RORα2 transcriptional activity may be potent therapeutic strategy to attenuate tumor cell migration in human breast cancer.
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20
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Chichger H, Braza J, Duong H, Boni G, Harrington EO. Select Rab GTPases Regulate the Pulmonary Endothelium via Endosomal Trafficking of Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 54:769-81. [PMID: 26551054 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2015-0286oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary edema occurs in settings of acute lung injury, in diseases, such as pneumonia, and in acute respiratory distress syndrome. The lung interendothelial junctions are maintained in part by vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, an adherens junction protein, and its surface expression is regulated by endocytic trafficking. The Rab family of small GTPases are regulators of endocytic trafficking. The key trafficking pathways are regulated by Rab4, -7, and -9. Rab4 regulates the recycling of endosomes to the cell surface through a rapid-shuttle process, whereas Rab7 and -9 regulate trafficking to the late endosome/lysosome for degradation or from the trans-Golgi network to the late endosome, respectively. We recently demonstrated a role for the endosomal adaptor protein, p18, in regulation of the pulmonary endothelium through enhanced recycling of VE-cadherin to adherens junction. Thus, we hypothesized that Rab4, -7, and -9 regulate pulmonary endothelial barrier function through modulating trafficking of VE-cadherin-positive endosomes. We used Rab mutants with varying activities and associations to the endosome to study endothelial barrier function in vitro and in vivo. Our study demonstrates a key role for Rab4 activation and Rab9 inhibition in regulation of vascular permeability through enhanced VE-cadherin expression at the interendothelial junction. We further showed that endothelial barrier function mediated through Rab4 is dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation and activity. Thus, we demonstrate that Rab4 and -9 regulate VE-cadherin levels at the cell surface to modulate the pulmonary endothelium through extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent and -independent pathways, respectively. We propose that regulating select Rab GTPases represents novel therapeutic strategies for patients suffering with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Havovi Chichger
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Julie Braza
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Huetran Duong
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Geraldine Boni
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Providence, Rhode Island; and Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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21
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Polusani SR, Kalmykov EA, Chandrasekhar A, Zucker SN, Nicholson BJ. Cell coupling mediated by connexin 26 selectively contributes to reduced adhesivity and increased migration. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4399-4410. [PMID: 27777264 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.185017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gap junction proteins (connexins) have crucial effects on cell motility in many systems, from migration of neural crest cells to promotion of metastatic invasiveness. Here, we show that expression of Cx26 (also known as GJB2) in HeLa cells specifically enhances cell motility in scrape wounding and sparse culture models. This effect is dependent on gap junction channels and is isotype specific [Cx26 enhances motility, whereas Cx43 (also known as GJA1) does not and Cx32 (also known as GJB1) has an intermediate effect]. The increased motility is associated with reduced cell adhesiveness, caused by loss of N-cadherin protein and RNA at the wound edge. This in turn causes a redistribution of N-cadherin-binding proteins (p120 catenin and β-catenin) to the cytosol and nucleus, respectively. The former activates Rac-1, which mediates cytoskeletal rearrangements needed for filopod extension. The latter is associated with increased expression of urokinase plasminogen activating receptor (an activator of extracellular proteases) and secretion of extracellular matrix components like collagen. Although these effects were dependent on Cx26-mediated coupling of the cells, they are not mediated by the same signal (i.e. cAMP) through which Cx26 has been shown to suppress proliferation in the same system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth R Polusani
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Edward A Kalmykov
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Anjana Chandrasekhar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Shoshanna N Zucker
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Bruce J Nicholson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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22
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Wehrendt DP, Carmona F, González Wusener AE, González Á, Martínez JML, Arregui CO. P120-Catenin Regulates Early Trafficking Stages of the N-Cadherin Precursor Complex. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156758. [PMID: 27254316 PMCID: PMC4890775 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that binding of p120 catenin to the cytoplasmic domain of surface cadherin prevents cadherin endocytosis and degradation, contributing to cell-cell adhesion. In the present work we show that p120 catenin bound to the N-cadherin precursor, contributes to its anterograde movement from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi complex. In HeLa cells, depletion of p120 expression, or blocking its binding to N-cadherin, increased the accumulation of the precursor in the ER, while it decreased the localization of mature N-cadherin at intercellular junctions. Reconstitution experiments in p120-deficient SW48 cells with all three major isoforms of p120 (1, 3 and 4) had similar capacity to promote the processing of the N-cadherin precursor to the mature form, and its localization at cell-cell junctions. P120 catenin and protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B facilitated the recruitment of the N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor (NSF), an ATPase involved in vesicular trafficking, to the N-cadherin precursor complex. Dominant negative NSF E329Q impaired N-cadherin trafficking, maturation and localization at cell-cell junctions. Our results uncover a new role for p120 catenin bound to the N-cadherin precursor ensuring its trafficking through the biosynthetic pathway towards the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P. Wehrendt
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, (IIB-INTECH), Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
| | - Fernando Carmona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, (IIB-INTECH), Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
| | - Ana E. González Wusener
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, (IIB-INTECH), Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
| | - Ángela González
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, (IIB-INTECH), Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
| | - Juan M. Lázaro Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CABA, Argentina
| | - Carlos O. Arregui
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, (IIB-INTECH), Universidad de San Martín, San Martín, Argentina
- * E-mail:
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Langhe RP, Gudzenko T, Bachmann M, Becker SF, Gonnermann C, Winter C, Abbruzzese G, Alfandari D, Kratzer MC, Franz CM, Kashef J. Cadherin-11 localizes to focal adhesions and promotes cell-substrate adhesion. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10909. [PMID: 26952325 PMCID: PMC4786774 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadherin receptors have a well-established role in cell–cell adhesion, cell polarization and differentiation. However, some cadherins also promote cell and tissue movement during embryonic development and tumour progression. In particular, cadherin-11 is upregulated during tumour and inflammatory cell invasion, but the mechanisms underlying cadherin-11 stimulated cell migration are still incompletely understood. Here, we show that cadherin-11 localizes to focal adhesions and promotes adhesion to fibronectin in Xenopus neural crest, a highly migratory embryonic cell population. Transfected cadherin-11 also localizes to focal adhesions in different mammalian cell lines, while endogenous cadherin-11 shows focal adhesion localization in primary human fibroblasts. In focal adhesions, cadherin-11 co-localizes with β1-integrin and paxillin and physically interacts with the fibronectin-binding proteoglycan syndecan-4. Adhesion to fibronectin mediated by cadherin-11/syndecan-4 complexes requires both the extracellular domain of syndecan-4, and the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of cadherin-11. These results reveal an unexpected role of a classical cadherin in cell–matrix adhesion during cell migration. Cadherins are typically involved in cell-cell adhesion, however cadherin-11 promotes cell migration through an undefined mechanism. Langhe et al. show that cadherin-11 mediates adhesion to the cell matrix at focal adhesions through interaction with syndecan-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul P Langhe
- Zoological Institute, Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Tetyana Gudzenko
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Michael Bachmann
- Zoological Institute, Cell and Neurobiology Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Haid-und-Neu-Strasse 9, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah F Becker
- Zoological Institute, Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carina Gonnermann
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Claudia Winter
- Zoological Institute, Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Genevieve Abbruzzese
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Dominique Alfandari
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Marie-Claire Kratzer
- Zoological Institute, Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Laboratory for Applications of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesser Straße 15, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Clemens M Franz
- Center for Functional Nanostructures, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Wolfgang-Gaede-Strasse 1a, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Jubin Kashef
- Zoological Institute, Cell and Developmental Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.,Institute for Photon Science and Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Abstract
The classic cadherin-catenin complex (CCC) mediates cell-cell adhesion in metazoans. Although substantial insights have been gained by studying the CCC in vertebrate tissue culture, analyzing requirements for and regulation of the CCC in vertebrates remains challenging.
Caenorhabditis elegans is a powerful system for connecting the molecular details of CCC function with functional requirements in a living organism. Recent data, using an “angstroms to embryos” approach, have elucidated functions for key residues, conserved across all metazoans, that mediate cadherin/β-catenin binding. Other recent work reveals a novel, potentially ancestral, role for the
C. elegans p120ctn homologue in regulating polarization of blastomeres in the early embryo via Cdc42 and the partitioning-defective (PAR)/atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) complex. Finally, recent work suggests that the CCC is trafficked to the cell surface via the clathrin adaptor protein complex 1 (AP-1) in surprising ways. These studies continue to underscore the value of
C. elegans as a model system for identifying conserved molecular mechanisms involving the CCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Hardin
- Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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25
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Hong JY, Oh IH, McCrea PD. Phosphorylation and isoform use in p120-catenin during development and tumorigenesis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:102-14. [PMID: 26477567 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
P120-catenin is essential to vertebrate development, modulating cadherin and small-GTPase functions, and growing evidence points also to roles in the nucleus. A complexity in addressing p120-catenin's functions is its many isoforms, including optional splicing events, alternative points of translational initiation, and secondary modifications. In this review, we focus upon how choices in the initiation of protein translation, or the earlier splicing of the RNA transcript, relates to primary sequences that harbor established or putative regulatory phosphorylation sites. While certain p120 phosphorylation events arise via known kinases/phosphatases and have defined outcomes, in most cases the functional consequences are still to be established. In this review, we provide examples of p120-isoforms as they relate to phosphorylation events, and thereby to isoform dependent protein-protein associations and downstream functions. We also provide a view of upstream pathways that determine p120's phosphorylation state, and that have an impact upon development and disease. Because other members of the p120 subfamily undergo similar processing and phosphorylation, as well as related catenins of the plakophilin subfamily, what is learned regarding p120 will by extension have wide relevance in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Hong
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.
| | - Il-Hoan Oh
- The Catholic University of Korea, Catholic High Performance Cell Therapy Center, 505 Banpo-dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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26
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Kourtidis A, Yanagisawa M, Huveldt D, Copland JA, Anastasiadis PZ. Pro-Tumorigenic Phosphorylation of p120 Catenin in Renal and Breast Cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129964. [PMID: 26067913 PMCID: PMC4466266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered protein expression and phosphorylation are common events during malignant transformation. These perturbations have been widely explored in the context of E-cadherin cell-cell adhesion complexes, which are central in the maintenance of the normal epithelial phenotype. A major component of these complexes is p120 catenin (p120), which binds and stabilizes E-cadherin to promote its adhesive and tumor suppressing function. However, p120 is also an essential mediator of pro-tumorigenic signals driven by oncogenes, such as Src, and can be phosphorylated at multiple sites. Although alterations in p120 expression have been extensively studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in the context of tumor progression, little is known about the status and role of p120 phosphorylation in cancer. Here we show that tyrosine and threonine phosphorylation of p120 in two sites, Y228 and T916, is elevated in renal and breast tumor tissue samples. We also show that tyrosine phosphorylation of p120 at its N-terminus, including at the Y228 site is required for its pro-tumorigenic potential. In contrast, phosphorylation of p120 at T916 does not affect this p120 function. However, phosphorylation of p120 at T916 interferes with epitope recognition of the most commonly used p120 antibody, namely pp120. As a result, this antibody selectively underrepresents p120 levels in tumor tissues, where p120 is phosphorylated. Overall, our data support a role of p120 phosphorylation as a marker and mediator of tumor transformation. Importantly, they also argue that the level and localization of p120 in human cancer tissues immunostained with pp120 needs to be re-evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis Kourtidis
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Masahiro Yanagisawa
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Deborah Huveldt
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - John A. Copland
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Panos Z. Anastasiadis
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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A Combined NMR and Computational Approach to Investigate Peptide Binding to a Designed Armadillo Repeat Protein. J Mol Biol 2015; 427:1916-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2015.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sarelius IH, Glading AJ. Control of vascular permeability by adhesion molecules. Tissue Barriers 2015; 3:e985954. [PMID: 25838987 DOI: 10.4161/21688370.2014.985954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular permeability is a vital function of the circulatory system that is regulated in large part by the limited flux of solutes, water, and cells through the endothelial cell layer. One major pathway through this barrier is via the inter-endothelial junction, which is driven by the regulation of cadherin-based adhesions. The endothelium also forms attachments with surrounding proteins and cells via 2 classes of adhesion molecules, the integrins and IgCAMs. Integrins and IgCAMs propagate activation of multiple downstream signals that potentially impact cadherin adhesion. Here we discuss the known contributions of integrin and IgCAM signaling to the regulation of cadherin adhesion stability, endothelial barrier function, and vascular permeability. Emphasis is placed on known and prospective crosstalk signaling mechanisms between integrins, the IgCAMs- ICAM-1 and PECAM-1, and inter-endothelial cadherin adhesions, as potential strategic signaling nodes for multipartite regulation of cadherin adhesion.
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Key Words
- ICAM-1
- ICAM-1, intercellular adhesion molecule 1
- IgCAM, immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule
- JAM, junctional adhesion molecule
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- PECAM-1
- PECAM-1, platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1
- PKC, protein kinase C
- RDG, arginine-aspartic acid- glutamine
- S1P, sphingosine 1 phosphate
- SHP-2, Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α
- VCAM-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1
- VE-PTP, Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase β
- VE-cadherin
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- adhesion
- eNOS, endothelial nitric oxide synthase
- endothelial barrier function
- fMLP, f-Met-Leu-Phe
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- integrins
- permeability
- transendothelial migration
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid H Sarelius
- University of Rochester; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology ; Rochester, NY USA
| | - Angela J Glading
- University of Rochester; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology ; Rochester, NY USA
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Chen T, Wang C, Wu F, Zhang X, Yang H, Deng X, He Q, Li W, Li G. Altered localization of p120 catenin in the cytoplasm rather than the membrane correlates with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118645. [PMID: 25785604 PMCID: PMC4364898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND P120 catenin (p120ctn), a regulator of cell adhesion, has previously been found in many malignancies, and suggested a role in invasion, metastasis and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate correlations between altered localization of p120ctn and clinical-pathological characteristics in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS Immunohistochemical staining for p120ctn was performed on tissue samples from 118 patients with ESCC. The expression of p120ctn was scored for intensity and cellular localization by Image-pro Plus 6.0. Correlations between immunohistochemical staining of p120ctn and pathological characteristics and clinical prognosis were determined using SPSS 18.0 software. RESULTS Membrane expression of p120ctn in ESCCs was lower than that in adjacentnormal esophageal epithelial tissues (P = 0.041), while overall cellular expression of p120ctn was not different between the two tissue types (P = 0.787). Furthermore, neither overall cellular expression nor localized membrane expression was associated with histological and clinical variables. The high ratio of membrane expression to overall cellular expression (M/C) of p120ctn was inversely associated with lymph node invasion (P = 0.001), tumor differentiation (P = 0.012) and advanced tumor stage (P = 0.005); however, it was poorly associated with T stage (P = 0.274). The high M/C ratio of p120ctn was inversely correlated with poor survival; the 5-year OS (overall survival) and the 5-year DFS (disease free survival) for the high M/C ratio group were significantly higher than those of the low M/C ratio group (41.0% vs. 6.7%, P = 0.000; 44.1% vs. 24.9%, P = 0.007). Both the M/C ratio of p120ctn and N status were independent variables for the prediction of overall survival (P = 0.007 and P = 0.027). The M/C of p120ctn predicted a 0.49-fold risk of ESCC death (p = 0.007, 95% CI 0.29-0.83). CONCLUSIONS The reduced M/C ratio of p120ctn acted as an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patient survival and for the migration and invasive behavior of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Enze Medical Center Luqiao Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Fang Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (GL); (FW); (XBZ); (WFL)
| | - Xuebang Zhang
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (GL); (FW); (XBZ); (WFL)
| | - Han Yang
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qiancheng He
- Department of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (GL); (FW); (XBZ); (WFL)
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Chemoradiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (GL); (FW); (XBZ); (WFL)
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30
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Abstract
Three classes of E3 ubiquitin ligases, members of the Cbl, Hakai, and SOCS-Cul5-RING ligase families, stimulate the ubiquitination of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins, including receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases and their phosphorylated substrates. Because ubiquitination frequently routes proteins for degradation by the lysosome or proteasome, these E3 ligases are able to potently inhibit tyrosine kinase signaling. Their loss or mutational inactivation can contribute to cancer, autoimmunity, or endocrine disorders, such as diabetes. However, these ligases also have biological functions that are independent of their ubiquitination activity. Here we review relevant literature and then focus on more-recent developments in understanding the structures, substrates, and pathways through which the phosphotyrosine-specific ubiquitin ligases regulate diverse aspects of cell biology.
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Alimperti S, Andreadis ST. CDH2 and CDH11 act as regulators of stem cell fate decisions. Stem Cell Res 2015; 14:270-82. [PMID: 25771201 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that the mechanical and biochemical signals originating from cell-cell adhesion are critical for stem cell lineage specification. In this review, we focus on the role of cadherin mediated signaling in development and stem cell differentiation, with emphasis on two well-known cadherins, cadherin-2 (CDH2) (N-cadherin) and cadherin-11 (CDH11) (OB-cadherin). We summarize the existing knowledge regarding the role of CDH2 and CDH11 during development and differentiation in vivo and in vitro. We also discuss engineering strategies to control stem cell fate decisions by fine-tuning the extent of cell-cell adhesion through surface chemistry and microtopology. These studies may be greatly facilitated by novel strategies that enable monitoring of stem cell specification in real time. We expect that better understanding of how intercellular adhesion signaling affects lineage specification may impact biomaterial and scaffold design to control stem cell fate decisions in three-dimensional context with potential implications for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Alimperti
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA
| | - Stelios T Andreadis
- Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Amherst, NY 14260-4200, USA; Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics and Life Sciences, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
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32
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Liu H. Application of immunohistochemistry in breast pathology: a review and update. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2015; 138:1629-42. [PMID: 25427042 DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2014-0094-ra] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool in routine breast pathology, used for both diagnostic and prognostic parameters. The diagnostic immunomarkers are the scope of this review. Most breast lesions can be diagnosed on routine hematoxylin-eosin sections; however, in several scenarios, such as morphologically equivocal cases or metastatic tumors of unknown primary, the appropriate application of immunohistochemistry adds true value in reaching an accurate diagnosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the diagnostic utility of the most commonly studied immunomarkers in the field of breast pathology by review of the literature, using the database of indexed articles in PubMed (US National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland) from 1976 to 2013. DATA SOURCES Literature review, and author's research data and personal practice experience. CONCLUSIONS The appropriate use of immunohistochemistry by applying a panel of immunomarkers and using a standardized technical and interpretational method will complement the morphologic assessment and aid in the accurate classification of difficult breast lesions and the identification of metastasis from a breast primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Liu
- From the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania
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33
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Abstract
ErbB2 (v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2), a receptor tyrosine kinase of the ErbB family, is overexpressed in around 25% of breast cancers. In addition to forming a heterodimer with other ErbB receptors in response to ligand stimulation, ErbB2 can be activated in a ligand-independent manner. We report here that Erbin, an ErbB2-interacting protein that was thought to act as an antitumor factor, is specifically expressed in mammary luminal epithelial cells and facilitates ErbB2-dependent proliferation of breast cancer cells and tumorigenesis in MMTV-neu transgenic mice. Disruption of their interaction decreases ErbB2-dependent proliferation, and deletion of the PDZ domain in Erbin hinders ErbB2-dependent tumor development in MMTV-neu mice. Mechanistically, Erbin forms a complex with ErbB2, promotes its interaction with the chaperon protein HSP90, and thus prevents its degradation. Finally, ErbB2 and Erbin expression correlates in human breast tumor tissues. Together, these observations establish Erbin as an ErbB2 regulator for breast tumor formation and progression.
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Posada-Duque RA, Barreto GE, Cardona-Gomez GP. Protection after stroke: cellular effectors of neurovascular unit integrity. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:231. [PMID: 25177270 PMCID: PMC4132372 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological disorders are prevalent worldwide. Cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs), which account for 55% of all neurological diseases, are the leading cause of permanent disability, cognitive and motor disorders and dementia. Stroke affects the function and structure of blood-brain barrier, the loss of cerebral blood flow regulation, oxidative stress, inflammation and the loss of neural connections. Currently, no gold standard treatments are available outside the acute therapeutic window to improve outcome in stroke patients. Some promising candidate targets have been identified for the improvement of long-term recovery after stroke, such as Rho GTPases, cell adhesion proteins, kinases, and phosphatases. Previous studies by our lab indicated that Rho GTPases (Rac and RhoA) are involved in both tissue damage and survival, as these proteins are essential for the morphology and movement of neurons, astrocytes and endothelial cells, thus playing a critical role in the balance between cell survival and death. Treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor of RhoA/ROCK blocks the activation of the neurodegeneration cascade. In addition, Rac and synaptic adhesion proteins (p120 catenin and N-catenin) play critical roles in protection against cerebral infarction and in recovery by supporting the neurovascular unit and cytoskeletal remodeling activity to maintain the integrity of the brain parenchyma. Interestingly, neuroprotective agents, such as atorvastatin, and CDK5 silencing after cerebral ischemia and in a glutamate-induced excitotoxicity model may act on the same cellular effectors to recover neurovascular unit integrity. Therefore, future efforts must focus on individually targeting the structural and functional roles of each effector of neurovascular unit and the interactions in neural and non-neural cells in the post-ischemic brain and address how to promote the recovery or prevent the loss of homeostasis in the short, medium and long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Andres Posada-Duque
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Group of Neuroscience of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), University of Antioquia UdeA Medellín, Colombia
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Gloria Patricia Cardona-Gomez
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Group of Neuroscience of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), University of Antioquia UdeA Medellín, Colombia
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Walker A, Frei R, Lawson KR. The cytoplasmic domain of N-cadherin modulates MMP‑9 induction in oral squamous carcinoma cells. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1699-706. [PMID: 25175499 PMCID: PMC4151807 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, and one of the most common cancers in developing countries. Regional and distant metastases comprise the majority of cases at initial diagnosis and correlate with poor patient outcomes. Oral epithelia is one of many tissue types to exhibit a cadherin switch during tumor progression, in which endogenous cell adhesion proteins, such as E-cadherin, give way to those of mesenchymal origin. The mesenchymal cell adhesion protein N-cadherin is found at the invading front of oral squamous carcinomas and has been strongly correlated with poor patient prognosis. The goal of the present study was to elucidate the mechanism by which N-cadherin may increase extracellular matrix-associated proteolytic activity to facilitate invasiveness in oral tumor development. The overexpression of N-cadherin in two oral squamous carcinoma cell lines increased motility, invasive capacity and synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in a manner that was independent of E-cadherin downregulation. The use of EN and NE chimeric cadherin molecules with reciprocally substituted cytoplasmic domains revealed that optimal induction of MMP-9 synthesis required the cytoplasmic region, but not the extracellular region, of N-cadherin. Utilizing an N-cadherin mutant with impaired p120 binding ability, we found that such mutation resulted in a 4-fold decrease in motility compared to wild-type N-cadherin, but did not affect either MMP-9 expression or motility-normalized invasion. Overexpression of wild-type N-cadherin produced a 27-fold increase in the transcriptional activity of β-catenin, concomitant with increases in MMP-9 transcription. These results suggest that N-cadherin may promote motility and invasiveness through distinct mechanisms, and that β-catenin may be an integral mediator of N-cadherin-dependent invasive signaling in oral epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Walker
- Department of Biochemistry, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Rhett Frei
- Department of Biochemistry, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Kathryn R Lawson
- Department of Biochemistry, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, USA
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36
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Ferreira AR, Felgueiras J, Fardilha M. Signaling pathways in anchoring junctions of epithelial cells: cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2014; 35:67-75. [PMID: 25019565 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2014.931426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial cells form the epithelium, one of the basic tissues of the human body. These cells present specializations from tissue to tissue, determining different structures and functions. Tissues formed by epithelial cells are characterized by the few extracellular matrix found between adjacent cells. In this way, to preserve tissue integrity, cells have to stick to each other and have to maintain a strict communication with the environment via cell junctions. Signal transduction is the main way of cell communication, being vital for the regulation of cell survival and proliferation. In cell junctions, this communication occurs through cell adhesion molecules that promote cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix adhesion, as well as, enable the flow of information to the inside and to the outside of the cell. These molecules include integrins and cadherins, among others. The impairment of cell signaling in epithelial junctions has been involved in several pathological processes that underlie the development of, for example, colorectal cancer. Thus, epithelial cell signaling mediators have been explored as potential therapeutic targets and efforts have been made to achieve a deeper understanding of molecular events that occur at cell junctions. In this review, we address the current knowledge on the main signaling events that take place in anchoring junctions of epithelial cells, focusing both on cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. To conclude, we explore some relevant consequences from epithelial cell signaling impairment and demonstrate that the molecular mediators of the pathways analyzed may be putative therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita Ferreira
- Health Sciences Department, University of Aveiro , Aveiro , Portugal and
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Markham NO, Doll CA, Dohn MR, Miller RK, Yu H, Coffey RJ, McCrea PD, Gamse JT, Reynolds AB. DIPA-family coiled-coils bind conserved isoform-specific head domain of p120-catenin family: potential roles in hydrocephalus and heterotopia. Mol Biol Cell 2014; 25:2592-603. [PMID: 25009281 PMCID: PMC4148249 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e13-08-0492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoform-specific expression of p120 affects cell motility and migration during development and tumor progression. The DIPA coiled-coil protein is a novel binding partner to the conserved isoform 1–specific head domain of p120 family members. Zebrafish data suggest that DIPA is mechanistically linked to p120 isoform–specific function in development. p120-catenin (p120) modulates adherens junction (AJ) dynamics by controlling the stability of classical cadherins. Among all p120 isoforms, p120-3A and p120-1A are the most prevalent. Both stabilize cadherins, but p120-3A is preferred in epithelia, whereas p120-1A takes precedence in neurons, fibroblasts, and macrophages. During epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, E- to N-cadherin switching coincides with p120-3A to -1A alternative splicing. These isoforms differ by a 101–amino acid “head domain” comprising the p120-1A N-terminus. Although its exact role is unknown, the head domain likely mediates developmental and cancer-associated events linked to p120-1A expression (e.g., motility, invasion, metastasis). Here we identified delta-interacting protein A (DIPA) as the first head domain–specific binding partner and candidate mediator of isoform 1A activity. DIPA colocalizes with AJs in a p120-1A- but not 3A-dependent manner. Moreover, all DIPA family members (Ccdc85a, Ccdc85b/DIPA, and Ccdc85c) interact reciprocally with p120 family members (p120, δ-catenin, p0071, and ARVCF), suggesting significant functional overlap. During zebrafish neural tube development, both knockdown and overexpression of DIPA phenocopy N-cadherin mutations, an effect bearing functional ties to a reported mouse hydrocephalus phenotype associated with Ccdc85c. These studies identify a novel, highly conserved interaction between two protein families that may participate either individually or collectively in N-cadherin–mediated development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas O Markham
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Caleb A Doll
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Michael R Dohn
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Rachel K Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Huapeng Yu
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Robert J Coffey
- Epithelial Biology Center, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030
| | - Joshua T Gamse
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Albert B Reynolds
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Department, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
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Liu X, Caffrey TC, Steele MM, Mohr A, Singh PK, Radhakrishnan P, Kelly DL, Wen Y, Hollingsworth MA. MUC1 regulates cyclin D1 gene expression through p120 catenin and β-catenin. Oncogenesis 2014; 3:e107. [PMID: 24979278 PMCID: PMC4150213 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2014.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
MUC1 interacts with β-catenin and p120 catenin to modulate WNT signaling. We investigated the effect of overexpressing MUC1 on the regulation of cyclin D1, a downstream target for the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, in two human pancreatic cancer cell lines, Panc-1 and S2-013. We observed a significant enhancement in the activation of cyclin D1 promoter-reporter activity in poorly differentiated Panc1.MUC1F cells that overexpress recombinant MUC1 relative to Panc-1.NEO cells, which express very low levels of endogenous MUC1. In stark contrast, cyclin D1 promoter activity was not affected in moderately differentiated S2-013.MUC1F cells that overexpressed recombinant MUC1 relative to S2-013.NEO cells that expressed low levels of endogenous MUC1. The S2-013 cell line was recently shown to be deficient in p120 catenin. MUC1 is known to interact with P120 catenin. We show here that re-expression of different isoforms of p120 catenin restored cyclin D1 promoter activity. Further, MUC1 affected subcellular localization of p120 catenin in association with one of the main effectors of P120 catenin, the transcriptional repressor Kaiso, supporting the hypothesis that p120 catenin relieved transcriptional repression by Kaiso. Thus, full activation of cyclin D1 promoter activity requires β-catenin activation of TCF-lef and stabilization of specific p120 catenin isoforms to relieve the repression of KAISO. Our data show MUC1 enhances the activities of both β-catenin and p120 catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - T C Caffrey
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - M M Steele
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - A Mohr
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - P K Singh
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - P Radhakrishnan
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - D L Kelly
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Y Wen
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M A Hollingsworth
- 1] Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA [2] Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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Treps L, Le Guelte A, Gavard J. Emerging roles of Semaphorins in the regulation of epithelial and endothelial junctions. Tissue Barriers 2014; 1:e23272. [PMID: 24665374 PMCID: PMC3879177 DOI: 10.4161/tisb.23272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue barriers maintain homeostasis, protect underlying tissues, are remodeled during organogenesis and injury and limit aberrant proliferation and dissemination. In this context, endothelial and epithelial intercellular junctions are the primary targets of various cues. This cellular adaptation requires plasticity and dynamics of adhesion molecules and the associated cytoskeleton, as well as the adhesive-linked signaling platforms. It is therefore not surprising that the guidance molecules from the Semaphorin family arise as novel modifiers of epithelia and endothelia in development and diseases. This review will focus on the actions of Semaphorins, and their cognate receptors, Plexins and Neuropilins, on epithelial and endothelial barrier properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Treps
- CNRS; UMR8104; Paris, France ; Inserm; U1016; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cite; Paris, France
| | - Armelle Le Guelte
- CNRS; UMR8104; Paris, France ; Inserm; U1016; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cite; Paris, France
| | - Julie Gavard
- CNRS; UMR8104; Paris, France ; Inserm; U1016; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Sorbonne Paris Cite; Paris, France
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40
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Adherens junction treadmilling during collective migration. Nat Cell Biol 2014; 16:639-51. [PMID: 24929360 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Collective cell migration is essential for both physiological and pathological processes. Adherens junctions (AJs) maintain the integrity of the migrating cell group and promote cell coordination while allowing cellular rearrangements. Here, we show that AJs undergo a continuous treadmilling along the lateral sides of adjacent leading cells. The treadmilling is driven by an actin-dependent rearward movement of AJs and is supported by the polarized recycling of N-cadherin. N-cadherin is mainly internalized at the cell rear and then recycled to the leading edge where it accumulates before being incorporated into forming AJs at the front of lateral cell-cell contacts. The polarized dynamics of AJs is controlled by a front-to-rear gradient of p120-catenin phosphorylation, which regulates polarized trafficking of N-cadherin. Perturbation of the GSK3-dependent phosphorylation of p120-catenin impacts on the stability of AJs, and the polarity and speed of leading cells during collective migration.
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Schackmann RCJ, Tenhagen M, van de Ven RAH, Derksen PWB. p120-catenin in cancer - mechanisms, models and opportunities for intervention. J Cell Sci 2014; 126:3515-25. [PMID: 23950111 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.134411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial adherens junction is an E-cadherin-based complex that controls tissue integrity and is stabilized at the plasma membrane by p120-catenin (p120, also known as CTNND1). Mutational and epigenetic inactivation of E-cadherin has been strongly implicated in the development and progression of cancer. In this setting, p120 translocates to the cytosol where it exerts oncogenic properties through aberrant regulation of Rho GTPases, growth factor receptor signaling and derepression of Kaiso (also known as ZBTB33) target genes. In contrast, indirect inactivation of the adherens junction through conditional knockout of p120 in mice was recently linked to tumor formation, indicating that p120 can also function as a tumor suppressor. Supporting these opposing functions are findings in human cancer, which show that either loss or cytoplasmic localization of p120 is a common feature in the progression of several types of carcinoma. Underlying this dual biological phenomenon might be the context-dependent regulation of Rho GTPases in the cytosol and the derepression of Kaiso target genes. Here, we discuss past and present findings that implicate p120 in the regulation of cancer progression and highlight opportunities for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron C J Schackmann
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 modulates invasion and metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells. Mol Oncol 2014; 8:942-55. [PMID: 24726456 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1 is an inducible negative regulator of cytokine signaling but its role in human cancer is not completely established. Here we report that, while SOCS1 is expressed in normal colonic epithelium and colon adenocarcinomas, its level decreases during progression of colon adenocarcinomas, the lowest level being found in the most aggressive stage and least differentiated carcinomas. Forced expression of SOCS1 in metastatic colorectal SW620 cells reverses many characteristics of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), as highlighted by the disappearance of the transcription factor ZEB1 and the mesenchymal form of p120ctn and the re-expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, miRNA profiling indicated that SOCS1 also up-regulates the expression of the mir-200 family of miRNAs, which can promote the mesenchymal-epithelial transition and reduce tumor cell migration. Accordingly, overexpression of SOCS1 induced cell morphology changes and dramatically reduced tumor cell invasion in vitro. When injected in nude mice, SOCS1-expressing SW620 cells induced metastases in a smaller number of animals than parental SW620 cells, and did not generate any adrenal gland or bone metastasis. Overall, our results suggest that SOCS1 controls metastatic progression of colorectal tumors by preventing the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), including E-cadherin expression. This pathway may be associated with survival to colorectal cancer by reducing the capacity of generating metastases.
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Liu Y, Dong QZ, Wang S, Xu HT, Miao Y, Wang L, Wang EH. Kaiso interacts with p120-catenin to regulate β-catenin expression at the transcriptional level. PLoS One 2014; 9:e87537. [PMID: 24498333 PMCID: PMC3911973 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have reported that p120-catenin could regulate β-catenin transcription in lung cancer cells, but the specific mechanism is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, bisulfite sequencing PCR showed that the β-catenin promoter region in SPC-A-1 and LTEP-a-2 lung cancer cell lines has Kaiso binding sites sequences and CpG islands which may combine with Kaiso. The demethylating reagent 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine significantly upregulated β-catenin mRNA expression in lung cancer cell lines, whereas expression was significantly reduced following transfection with Kaiso. However, the upregulation of β-catenin mRNA expression after treatment with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine was not reduced by subsequent transfection with Kaiso cDNA. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that, in lung cancer cell lines, methylated CpG-dinucleotides sequences combined with Kaiso and the Kaiso binding sites sequence did not. The capacity of Kaiso to combine with p120-catenin isoforms was confirmed by immunoprecipitation. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we concluded that Kaiso participates in the regulation by p120ctn of β-catenin mRNA expression in the lung cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Qian-Ze Dong
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Si Wang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yuan Miao
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - En-Hua Wang
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
- * E-mail:
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44
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Liu X, Yi C, Wen Y, Radhakrishnan P, Tremayne JR, Dao T, Johnson KR, Hollingsworth MA. Interactions between MUC1 and p120 catenin regulate dynamic features of cell adhesion, motility, and metastasis. Cancer Res 2013; 74:1609-20. [PMID: 24371222 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which MUC1 and p120 catenin contribute to progression of cancers from early transformation to metastasis are poorly understood. Here we show that p120 catenin ARM domains 1, 3-5, and 8 mediate interactions between p120 catenin and MUC1, and that these interactions modulate dynamic properties of cell adhesion, motility, and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells. We also show that different isoforms of p120 catenin, when coexpressed with MUC1, create cells that exhibit distinct patterns of motility in culture (motility independent of cell adhesion, motility within a monolayer while exchanging contacts with other cells, and unified motility while maintaining static epithelial contacts) and patterns of metastasis. The results provide new insight into the dynamic interplay between cell adhesion and motility and the relationship of these to the metastatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Liu
- Authors' Affiliations: Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Disease; Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska; Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; and Department of Translational Oncology, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California
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45
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Stefanatos RK, Bauer C, Vidal M. p120 catenin is required for the stress response in Drosophila. PLoS One 2013; 8:e83942. [PMID: 24349561 PMCID: PMC3861524 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
p120ctn is a ubiquitously expressed core component of cadherin junctions and essential for vertebrate development. Surprisingly, Drosophila p120ctn (dp120ctn) is dispensable for adherens junctions and development, which has discouraged Drosophila researchers from further pursuing the biological role of dp120ctn. Here we demonstrate that dp120ctn loss results in increased heat shock sensitivity and reduced animal lifespan, which are completely rescued by ectopic expression of a dp120ctn-GFP transgene. Transcriptomic analysis revealed multiple relish/NF-κB target genes differentially expressed upon loss of dp120ctn. Importantly, this aberrant gene expression was rescued by overexpression of dp120ctn-GFP or heterozygosity for relish. Our results uncover a novel role for dp120ctn in the regulation of animal stress response and immune signalling. This may represent an ancient role of p120ctn and can influence further studies in Drosophila and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhoda K. Stefanatos
- Drosophila Approaches to Cancer Laboratory, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Christin Bauer
- Drosophila Approaches to Cancer Laboratory, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Marcos Vidal
- Drosophila Approaches to Cancer Laboratory, The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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46
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p120 catenin: an essential regulator of cadherin stability, adhesion-induced signaling, and cancer progression. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 116:409-32. [PMID: 23481205 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394311-8.00018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
p120 catenin is the best studied member of a subfamily of proteins that associate with the cadherin juxtamembrane domain to suppress cadherin endocytosis. p120 also recruits the minus ends of microtubules to the cadherin complex, leading to junction maturation. In addition, p120 regulates the activity of Rho family GTPases through multiple interactions with Rho GEFs, GAPs, Rho GTPases, and their effectors. Nuclear signaling is affected by the interaction of p120 with Kaiso, a transcription factor regulating Wnt-responsive genes as well as transcriptionally repressing methylated promoters. Multiple alternatively spliced p120 isoforms and complex phosphorylation events affect these p120 functions. In cancer, reduced p120 expression correlates with reduced E-cadherin function and with tumor progression. In contrast, in tumor cells that have lost E-cadherin expression, p120 promotes cell invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, p120 is required for Src-induced oncogenic transformation and provides a potential target for future therapeutic interventions.
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Abstract
This article examines the role of the endothelial cytoskeleton in the lung's ability to restrict fluid and protein to vascular space at normal vascular pressures and thereby to protect lung alveoli from lethal flooding. The barrier properties of microvascular endothelium are dependent on endothelial cell contact with other vessel-wall lining cells and with the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM). Focal adhesion complexes are essential for attachment of endothelium to ECM. In quiescent endothelial cells, the thick cortical actin rim helps determine cell shape and stabilize endothelial adherens junctions and focal adhesions through protein bridges to actin cytoskeleton. Permeability-increasing agonists signal activation of "small GTPases" of the Rho family to reorganize the actin cytoskeleton, leading to endothelial cell shape change, disassembly of cortical actin rim, and redistribution of actin into cytoplasmic stress fibers. In association with calcium- and Src-regulated myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), stress fibers become actinomyosin-mediated contractile units. Permeability-increasing agonists stimulate calcium entry and induce tyrosine phosphorylation of VE-cadherin (vascular endothelial cadherin) and β-catenins to weaken or pull apart endothelial adherens junctions. Some permeability agonists cause latent activation of the small GTPases, Cdc42 and Rac1, which facilitate endothelial barrier recovery and eliminate interendothelial gaps. Under the influence of Cdc42 and Rac1, filopodia and lamellipodia are generated by rearrangements of actin cytoskeleton. These motile evaginations extend endothelial cell borders across interendothelial gaps, and may initiate reannealing of endothelial junctions. Endogenous barrier protective substances, such as sphingosine-1-phosphate, play an important role in maintaining a restrictive endothelial barrier and counteracting the effects of permeability-increasing agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Vogel
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Peglion F, Etienne-Manneville S. p120catenin alteration in cancer and its role in tumour invasion. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2013; 368:20130015. [PMID: 24062585 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1989 as a substrate of the Src oncogene, p120catenin has been revealed as an important player in cancer initiation and tumour dissemination. p120catenin regulates a wide range of cellular processes such as cell-cell adhesion, cell polarity and cell proliferation and plays a pivotal role in morphogenesis, inflammation and innate immunity. The pleiotropic effects of p120catenin rely on its interactions with numerous partners such as classical cadherins at the plasma membrane, Rho-GTPases and microtubules in the cytosol and transcriptional modulators in the nucleus. Alterations of p120catenin in cancer not only concern its expression level but also its intracellular localization and can lead to both pro-invasive and anti-invasive effects. This review focuses on the p120catenin-mediated pathways involved in cell migration and invasion and discusses the potential consequences of major cancer-related p120catenin alterations with respect to tumour spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Peglion
- Cell Polarity, Migration and Cancer Unit, Institut Pasteur - CNRS URA 2582, , 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France
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Hang TC, Tedford NC, Reddy RJ, Rimchala T, Wells A, White FM, Kamm RD, Lauffenburger DA. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet (PF-4) factor 4 inputs modulate human microvascular endothelial signaling in a three-dimensional matrix migration context. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:3704-18. [PMID: 24023389 PMCID: PMC3861718 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m113.030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of angiogenesis is under complex regulation in adult organisms, particularly as it often occurs in an inflammatory post-wound environment. As such, there are many impacting factors that will regulate the generation of new blood vessels which include not only pro-angiogenic growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor, but also angiostatic factors. During initial postwound hemostasis, a large initial bolus of platelet factor 4 is released into localized areas of damage before progression of wound healing toward tissue homeostasis. Because of its early presence and high concentration, the angiostatic chemokine platelet factor 4, which can induce endothelial anoikis, can strongly affect angiogenesis. In our work, we explored signaling crosstalk interactions between vascular endothelial growth factor and platelet factor 4 using phosphotyrosine-enriched mass spectrometry methods on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells cultured under conditions facilitating migratory sprouting into collagen gel matrices. We developed new methods to enable mass spectrometry-based phosphorylation analysis of primary cells cultured on collagen gels, and quantified signaling pathways over the first 48 h of treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor in the presence or absence of platelet factor 4. By observing early and late signaling dynamics in tandem with correlation network modeling, we found that platelet factor 4 has significant crosstalk with vascular endothelial growth factor by modulating cell migration and polarization pathways, centered around P38α MAPK, Src family kinases Fyn and Lyn, along with FAK. Interestingly, we found EphA2 correlational topology to strongly involve key migration-related signaling nodes after introduction of platelet factor 4, indicating an influence of the angiostatic factor on this ambiguous but generally angiogenic signal in this complex environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chun Hang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
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50
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Hardyman MA, Wilkinson E, Martin E, Jayasekera NP, Blume C, Swindle EJ, Gozzard N, Holgate ST, Howarth PH, Davies DE, Collins JE. TNF-α-mediated bronchial barrier disruption and regulation by src-family kinase activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 132:665-675.e8. [PMID: 23632299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Because TNF-α is increased in severe asthma, we hypothesized that TNF-α contributes to barrier dysfunction and cell activation in bronchial epithelial cells. We further hypothesized that src-family kinase inhibition would improve barrier function in healthy cells in the presence of TNF-α and directly in cultures of severe asthmatic cells where the barrier is disrupted. OBJECTIVES We assessed the effect of TNF-α, with or without src-family kinase inhibitor SU6656, on barrier properties and cytokine release in differentiated human bronchial epithelial cultures. Further, we tested the effect of SU6656 on differentiated primary cultures from severe asthma. METHODS Barrier properties of differentiated human bronchial epithelial air-liquid interface cultures from healthy subjects and subjects with severe asthma were assessed with transepithelial electrical resistance and fluorescent dextran passage. Proteins were detected by immunostaining or Western blot analysis and cytokines by immunoassay. Mechanisms were investigated with src kinase and other inhibitors. RESULTS TNF-α lowered transepithelial electrical resistance and increased fluorescent dextran permeability, caused loss of occludin and claudins from tight junctions with redistribution of p120 catenin and E-cadherin from adherens junctions, and also increased endogenous TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, thymic stromal lymphoprotein, and pro-matrix metalloprotease 9 release. SU6656 reduced TNF-α-mediated paracellular permeability changes, restored occludin, p120, and E-cadherin and lowered autocrine TNF-α release. Importantly, SU6656 improved the barrier properties of severe asthmatic air-liquid interface cultures. Redistribution of E-cadherin and p120 was observed in bronchial biopsies from severe asthmatic airways. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting TNF-α or src kinases may be a therapeutic option to normalize barrier integrity and cytokine release in airway diseases associated with barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Hardyman
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Wilkinson
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emma Martin
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Nivenka P Jayasekera
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia Blume
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emily J Swindle
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Stephen T Holgate
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H Howarth
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Donna E Davies
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jane E Collins
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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