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Malkus L, Bertram S, von Horn C, Minor T. End-ischemic pharmacological cocktail treatment to mitigate rewarming/reperfusion injury. Cryobiology 2024; 115:104904. [PMID: 38734364 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2024.104904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Increasing shortage of donor organs leads to the acceptance of less than optimal grafts for transplantation, up to and including organs donated after circulatory standstill of the donor. Therefore, protective strategies and pharmacological interventions destined to reduce ischemia induced tissue injury are considered a worthwhile focus of research. The present study evaluates the potential of a multidrug pharmacological approach as single flush at the end of static preservation to protect the liver from reperfusion injury. Livers were retrieved from male Wistar rats 20 min after cardiac standstill. The organs were cold stored for 18 h, flushed with 20 ml of saline, kept at room temperature for 20 min, and reperfused at 37 °C with oxygenated Williams E solution. In half of the cases, the flush solution was supplemented with a cocktail containing metformin, bucladesine and cyclosporin A. Upon reperfusion, treated livers disclosed a massive mitigation of hepatic release of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, along with a significant approximately 50 % reduction of radical mediated lipid peroxidation, caspase activation and release of TNF-alpha. Even after preceding cold preservation, a pharmacological cocktail given as single flush is capable to mitigate manifestations of reperfusion injury in the present model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Malkus
- Surgical Research Department, University Hospital Essen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Bertram
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, D-45147, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Minor
- Surgical Research Department, University Hospital Essen, Germany
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El-Sisi AE, Sokar SS, Abu-Risha SE, Khira DY. The potential beneficial effects of sildenafil and diosmin in experimentally-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Heliyon 2020; 6:e04761. [PMID: 32885082 PMCID: PMC7452579 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives research in the treatment of gastric ulcer has involved the investigation of protective drugs. These drugs may be used as adjacent therapy with the traditional pharmacologic treatment of peptic ulcer. The present study is designed to investigate the gastro protective effects of diosmin (DIO), sildenafil (SILD) and their combinations with ranitidine (RANT) against indomethacin (INDO)-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Additionally, the potential mechanisms of their effect are addressed. Methods DIO (100 mg/kg) and SILD (10 mg/kg) were administered by oral route for seven days prior to ulcer induction. Moreover, other rats were treated with RANT (50 mg/kg) not only to compare efficiency of the medications but also, to help clarify potential mechanisms of their effect. Following, after 24 h of fasting, INDO (100 mg/kg) was administered for induction of gastric ulcer. Furthermore, rats in each group were sacrificed 4 h later. Biochemical analysis of DIO, SILD, RANT and their combinations pre-treated host tissues demonstrated reduction in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and concomitant increase in gastric pH, nitric oxide (NO) and reduced glutathione (GSH) contents. Result It is observed, that SILD and DIO pre-treatment showed non-significant effect on gastric juice PH. However, their combinations with RANT is superior to using RANT alone. In addition, the results revealed, that combinations of (RANT and SILD) and (RANT and DIO) showed the highest increase in gastric tissue NO levels. But, these two combinations achieved the lowest MDA levels relative to the control (INDO) group. Despite, all groups displayed non-significant effect on reduced GSH content, (RANT and SILD) group increased GSH concentration by 39.75% relative to INDO group. In addition, DIO, RANT and (RANT and DIO) pre-treatment have anti-apoptotic activity on gastric mucosa. On the other hand, SILD did not affect caspase-3 immunostaining. These results are confirmed by histopathological findings. Conclusion The work outcomes provide a new gastro protective agents in clinical gastropathy. So, this study not only provides an efficient way for peptic ulcer protection, but also it may be considered for future studies in ulcer healing and gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa E El-Sisi
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Samia S Sokar
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sally E Abu-Risha
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Doaa Y Khira
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Dept., Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Mehanna OM, El Askary A, Al-Shehri S, El-Esawy B. Effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on renal functions and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:424-429. [PMID: 29271249 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1419267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of different phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), on renal oxidant/antioxidant balance in diabetic rats. Our study was conducted on 125 rats, diabetes was induced in 100 rats by a single administration of streptozocin (STZ). Diabetic rats were divided into four equal groups. The first group was assigned as diabetic control, the remaining three groups were treated with pentoxifylline, sildenafil and milrinone via drinking water for 15 successive days, another group of 25 normal rats was assigned as non-diabetic control. Significant increase in plasma levels of glucose, urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) with a concomitant decrease in the levels of insulin, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were observed in diabetic rats. These alterations were reverted back to near normal level after treatment with PDEIs. Our data seem to suggest a potential role of PDEIs in maintaining health in diabetes by reducing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mahmoud Mehanna
- a Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Taif University , Taif , KSA
- b Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine (New Damietta) , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmad El Askary
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , KSA
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine (New Damietta) , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Saad Al-Shehri
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , KSA
| | - Basem El-Esawy
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , KSA
- e Department of Pathology, Faculty of medicine , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
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Baykan H, Ozyazgan I, Selçuk CT, AltıParmak M, Özköse M, Özyurt K. Effect of sildenafil citrate in nicotine-induced ischemia: An experimental study using a rat model. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE CHIRURGIE PLASTIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/229255031302100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halit Baykan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Irfan Ozyazgan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Caferi Tayyar Selçuk
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet AltıParmak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özköse
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Özyurt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Baykan H, Ozyazgan I, Selçuk CT, AltıParmak M, Özköse M, Özyurt K. Effect of sildenafil citrate in nicotine-induced ischemia: An experimental study using a rat model. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE CHIRURGIE PLASTIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/229255031302100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halit Baykan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Irfan Ozyazgan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Caferi Tayyar Selçuk
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet AltıParmak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özköse
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Özyurt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Abdollahi M, Fooladian F, Emami B, Zafari K, Bahreini-Moghadam A. Protection by sildenafil and theophylline of lead acetate-induced oxidative stress in rat submandibular gland and saliva. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 22:587-92. [PMID: 14686481 DOI: 10.1191/0960327103ht399oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The role of oxidative stress in lead toxicity has been proposed in many organs, however, no study has been performed in the salivary glands, which are important parts of the gastrointestinal tract with a high implication in health of the whole body. Recently, it has been proposed that increasing the levels of cGMP and cAMP in the cells may protect from the neurotoxicity of lead. The objective of this study was to determine the ability of lead acetate to produce oxidative stress in rat submandibular as the main salivary gland of the body and to study the role of pretreatment by specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the prevention of oxidative stress. Lead acetate (100 mg/kg), alone or in combination with theophylline (25 mg/kg) and sildenafil (5 mg/kg), was administered intraperitoneally to rats. After 2 hours and under general anaesthesia, the submandibular gland ducts were cannulated intraorally using microcannula, and pure saliva was collected for 30 min using pilocarpine (8 mg/kg) as a secretagogue. The submandibular glands were then isolated free under surgery. Oxidative stress in the gland and pure saliva were evaluated measuring lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay), total thiol groups content and total antioxidant capacity (the ferric reducing ability assay). Results showed significant oxidative stress in the gland and secretions as indicated by increased lipid peroxidation, decreased total antioxidant capacity and thiol group levels. The use of cAMP and cGMP phosodiesterase inhibitors, theophylline and sildenafil, prevented leadinduced increased lipid peroxidation and also protected from decreased thiol groups content and total antioxidant power of the gland and secretions. The same trend of effects was observed in gland and saliva. It is concluded that lead toxicity is mediated through oxidative stress in salivary glands, while increasing intracellular cAMP and cGMP levels may prevent lead-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Laboratory of Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Sheweita S, Salama B, Hassan M. Erectile dysfunction drugs and oxidative stress in the liver of male rats. Toxicol Rep 2015; 2:933-938. [PMID: 28962432 PMCID: PMC5598225 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Erectile dysfunction (ED) affected the lives of more than 300 million men worldwide. Erectile dysfunction drugs (EDD), known as phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), have been used for treatment of ED. It has been shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the progression of erectile dysfunction. Oxidative stress can be alleviated or decreased by antioxidant enzymes. Therefore, the present study aims at investigating the changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione reductase as well as protein expression of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase after treatment of male rats with a daily dose of sildenafil (1.48 mg/kg), tadalafil (0.285 mg/kg) and vardenafil (0.285 mg/kg) for three weeks. In addition, levels of reduced glutathione and malondialdyhyde (MDA) were assayed. The present study showed that sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil treatments significantly decreased the levels of glutathione, MDA and the activity of glutathione reductase. In addition, vardenafil and sildenafil increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Interestingly, western immunoblotting data showed that vardenafil induced the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and its protein expression, whereas tadalafil and sildenafil inhibited such enzyme activity and its protein expression. In addition, the protein expression of GST π isozyme was markedly reduced after treatment of rats with sildenafil. It is concluded that ED drugs induced the activities of both SOD and catalase which consequently decreased MDA level. Therefore, decrement in MDA levels could increase nitric oxide–cGMP level which in turn promotes the erection mechanism.
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Key Words
- CAT, catalase
- Catalase
- ED, erectile dysfunction
- EDD, erectile dysfunction drugs
- GPx, glutathione peroxidase
- GR, glutathione reductase
- GSH, glutathione
- GST, glutathione S-transferase
- Glutathione
- Glutathione peroxidase
- Glutathione reductase
- MDA, malondialdyhyde
- Oxidative stress
- PDE-5, phosphodiesterase type-5
- PDEIs, phosphodiesterase inhibitors
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SOD, superoxide dismutase
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Sheweita
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Basant Salama
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Hassan
- Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Egypt
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Galvão AM, Wanderley MS, Silva RA, Filho CA, Melo-Junior MR, Silva LA, Streck EL, Dornelas de Andrade AF, Souza Maia MB, Barbosa de Castro CM. Intratracheal co-administration of antioxidants and ceftriaxone reduces pulmonary injury and mortality rate in an experimental model of sepsis. Respirology 2014; 19:1080-7. [DOI: 10.1111/resp.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andre M. Galvão
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA; Recife Pernambuco
| | - Marcela S.O. Wanderley
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA; Recife Pernambuco
| | - Roberto A. Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA; Recife Pernambuco
| | - Carlos A.M. Filho
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Culture; Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami-LIKA; Recife Pernambuco
| | - Mário R. Melo-Junior
- Department of Pathology; Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE; Recife Pernambuco
| | - Luciano A. Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences; Extreme South of Santa Catarina University; Criciúma Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Emílio L. Streck
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences; Extreme South of Santa Catarina University; Criciúma Santa Catarina Brazil
| | | | - Maria B. Souza Maia
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology; Federal University of Pernambuco-UFPE; Recife Pernambuco
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França FD, Ferreira AF, Lara RC, Rossoni JV, Costa DC, Moraes KCM, Gomes DA, Tagliati CA, Chaves MM. Role of protein kinase A signaling pathway in cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:369-76. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.920447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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França FD, Ferreira AF, Lara RC, Rossoni JV, Costa DC, Moraes KCM, Tagliati CA, Chaves MM. Alteration in cellular viability, pro-inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide production in nephrotoxicity generation by Amphotericin B: involvement of PKA pathway signaling. J Appl Toxicol 2013; 34:1285-92. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.2927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. D. França
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 30161-970 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - A. F. Ferreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 30161-970 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - R. C. Lara
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 30161-970 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - J. V. Rossoni
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Moro do Cruzeiro 35400-000 Ouro Preto MG Brasil
| | - D. C. Costa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Moro do Cruzeiro 35400-000 Ouro Preto MG Brasil
| | - K. C. M. Moraes
- Universidade Estadual Paulista ’Júlio de Mesquita Filho‘; Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Biologia; Av 24-A 1515 13506-900 Rio Claro SP Brasil
| | - C. A. Tagliati
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas; Faculdade de Farmácia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
| | - M. M. Chaves
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 30161-970 Belo Horizonte MG Brasil
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Yildiz H, Durmuş AS, Şimşek H, Yaman İ. Effects of sildenafil citrate on torsion/detorsion-induced changes in red blood cell and plasma lipid peroxidation, antioxidants, and blood hematology of male rats. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2011; 159:359-63. [PMID: 21831505 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to determine effects of intrapertoneally-administered sildenafil citrate (SC) for prevention testicular injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) in rats on red blood cell (RBC) and plasma lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and blood hematology. STUDY DESIGN Thirty seven adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (group 1), T/D+saline (group 2), T/D+0.7mg SC (group 3) and T/D+1.4mg SC (group 4). Testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720° in a clockwise direction for 2h in all the groups, except for group 1. RESULTS Our results showed that that testicular injury significantly induced erythrocyte reduced glutathion (GSH) (p<0.05), malondialdehyde (MDA) in RBC (p<0.01) and plasma (p<0.05) and blood lymphocyte (p<0.01) counts. Administration of low dose SC led to significantly increase in the levels of RBC GSH (p<0.05), plasma paraoxonase (PON1) (p<0.01), nitric oxide (NO) (p<0.01) and blood lymphocyte counts (p<0.01), but to decreases in the levels of MDA in plasma and RBC, blood mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (p<0.05) and eosinophil counts (p<0.05). Treatment with high dose SC caused a significantly increase in PON1, vitamin E and β-carotene in plasma, levels of GSH in RBC and blood lymphocyte counts. On the other hand, results showed that high dose sildenafil significantly decreased plasma and RBC MDA levels. Total tissue damage scores of the group 2 were significantly higher than group 1 and 3. CONCLUSION Low dose SC appears to be beneficial in reducing the effects of injury to the testicular torsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamit Yildiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Fırat, 23119 Elazığ, Turkey.
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Arikan DC, Bakan V, Kurutas EB, Sayar H, Coskun A. Protective effect of tadalafil on ischemia/reperfusion injury of rat ovary. J Pediatr Surg 2010; 45:2203-9. [PMID: 21034945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of tadalafil (TDF) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries. METHODS Thirty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 7): sham (S), I/R1, I/R2, TDF1, and TDF2. In the I/R1 and TDF1 groups, 3-hour ischemia was followed by 12-hour reperfusion; and in the I/R2 and TDF2 groups, 3-hour ischemia was followed by 24-hour reperfusion. In the TDF groups, 30 minutes before reperfusion, a single dose of 5 mg/kg TDF was administered intraperitoneally. The ovarian tissue levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO), and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured biochemically. Tissue damage to ovarian tissue was scored by histopathologic examination. RESULTS The tissue malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher and the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly lower in the I/R groups compared with the S and TDF groups (P < .05). The NO levels were significantly higher in the TDF1 group than the S and I/R1 groups (P < .05). Although the NO levels were increased in the TDF2 group compared with the I/R2 group, the difference was not significant. Ovarian tissue damage scores of the I/R groups were significantly higher than those of the S group (P < .05). Treatment with TDF significantly decreased the ovarian tissue damage scores in the TDF groups compared with the I/R groups (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Tadalafil is effective in preventing tissue damage induced by I/R in rat ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Cemgil Arikan
- Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kahramanmaras Sutcuimam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
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Perk H, Armagan A, Naziroğlu M, Soyupek S, Hoscan MB, Sütcü R, Ozorak A, Delibas N. Sildenafil citrate as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor has an antioxidant effect in the blood of men. J Clin Pharm Ther 2009; 33:635-40. [PMID: 19138241 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Sildenafil citrate enhances the action of nitric oxide by preventing the hydrolysis of cGMP, and is widely used to treat erectile dysfunction. We investigated the effects of sildenafil citrate administration on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant redox enzymes in blood of healthy men. METHOD Thirty healthy male subjects were divided equally into two groups. The first group was used as the control. A single dose of sildenafil citrate was administrated orally to subjects constituting the second group. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 2, 6 and 24 h after intake of the single dose of 100 mg sildenafil citrate or placebo. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The dose of sildenafil citrate resulted in significant increase in the erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and catalase activities at 6 and 24 h. Plasma lipid peroxidation levels decreased slightly. There was no statistical difference in erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity between the placebo and sildenafil citrate groups. CONCLUSION Treatment of blood with 100 mg sildenafil citrate has protective effects on oxidative stress by inhibiting free radical formation and by supporting antioxidant redox systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Perk
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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14
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Yue X, Dreyfus C, Kong TAN, Zhou R. A subset of signal transduction pathways is required for hippocampal growth cone collapse induced by ephrin-A5. Dev Neurobiol 2008; 68:1269-86. [PMID: 18563700 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The Eph family tyrosine kinase receptors and their ligands, ephrins, play key roles in a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes including tissue patterning, angiogenesis, bone development, carcinogenesis, axon guidance, and neural plasticity. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying these diverse functions of Eph receptors have not been well understood. In this study, effects of Eph receptor activation on several important signal transduction pathways are examined. In addition, the roles of these pathways in ephrin-A5-induced growth cone collapse were assessed with a combination of biochemical analyses, pharmacological inhibition, and overexpression of dominant-negative and constitutively active mutants. These analyses showed that ephrin-A5 inhibits Erk activity but activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase. However, regulation of these two pathways is not required for ephrin-A5-induced growth cone collapse in hippocampal neurons. Artificial Erk activation by expression of constitutively active Mek1 and B-Raf failed to block ephrin-A5 effects on growth cones, and inhibitors of the Erk pathway also failed to inhibit collapse by ephrin-A5. Inhibition of JNK had no effects on ephrin-A5-induced growth cone collapse either. In addition, inhibitors to PKA and PI3-K showed no effects on ephrin-A5-induced growth cone collapse. However, pharmacological blockade of phosphotyrosine phosphatase activity, the Src family kinases, cGMP-dependent protein kinase, and myosin light chain kinase significantly inhibited ephrin-A5-induced growth cone collapse. These observations indicate that only a subset of signal transduction pathways is required for ephrin-A5-induced growth cone collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yue
- Department of Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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Rokushima M, Fujisawa K, Furukawa N, Itoh F, Yanagimoto T, Fukushima R, Araki A, Okada M, Torii M, Kato I, Ishizaki J, Omi K. Transcriptomic Analysis of Nephrotoxicity Induced by Cephaloridine, a Representative Cephalosporin Antibiotic. Chem Res Toxicol 2008; 21:1186-96. [DOI: 10.1021/tx800008e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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16
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Erdogan S, Aslantas O, Celik S, Atik E. The effects of increased cAMP content on inflammation, oxidative stress and PDE4 transcripts during Brucella melitensis infection. Res Vet Sci 2007; 84:18-25. [PMID: 17397885 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2007.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2006] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 02/06/2007] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a key intracellular second messenger which at increased levels has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and tissue-protective effects. Its concentration is determined by the activities of both adenylate cyclase (AC) and the phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of increased cAMP and glucocorticoid dexamethasone administration on B. melitensis-induced lipid peroxidation, Brucella suppressed antioxidant enzyme activities and PDE4 transcripts in rats. Intracellular cyclic AMP level was elevated by two different approaches; activation of AC and inhibition of PDE activities. Rats were inoculated with B. melitensis for seven days then a single dose of nonselective PDE inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin and dexamethasone were administrated to each infected group, and animals were challenged for 48 h. Brucella-induced lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced by the cAMP elevating agents as well as dexamethasone administration in plasma, liver and spleen. The antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were significantly decreased by the pathogen. Whilst suppressed GSH-Px activity was reversed by cAMP elevating agents, SOD activity was not restored. Superoxide generating enzyme xanthine oxidase activity was not altered at the end of the infection period. Brucella infection increased plasma IL-12 level and this effect was also suppressed by the cAMP elevating agents, whereas TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels were unchanged. Intracellular cAMP levels are entirely hydrolyzed by cAMP-specific PDE 4 isozymes (PDE4s) in inflammatory and immunocompetent cells. Brucella reduced mRNA transcript levels for PDE4A by 40%, though PDE4B and 4D transcriptions were being unaffected in spleen. It was concluded that B. melitensis infection decreased activity of the antioxidant defence system, induced lipid peroxidation and suppressed PDE4A transcription. Administration of cAMP elevating agents exhibited similar affect with dexamethasone on lipid peroxidation, IL-12 production and antioxidant enzyme activities in Brucella infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suat Erdogan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay 31034, Turkey.
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17
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Gemba M. [Pathophysiology and mechanisms of nephrotoxicity]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2006; 127:433-40. [PMID: 16880692 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.127.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Rahimi R, Nikfar S, Larijani B, Abdollahi M. A review on the role of antioxidants in the management of diabetes and its complications. Biomed Pharmacother 2005; 59:365-73. [PMID: 16081237 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2005.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2005] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a prevalent systemic disease affecting a significant proportion of the population worldwide. The effects of diabetes are devastating and well documented. There is increasing evidence that in certain pathologic states, especially chronic diseases, the increased production and/or ineffective scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) may play a critical role. High reactivity of ROS determines chemical changes in virtually all cellular components, leading to lipid peroxidation. Production of ROS and disturbed capacity of antioxidant defense in diabetic subjects have been reported. It has been suggested that enhanced production of free radicals and oxidative stress is central event to the development of diabetic complications. This suggestion has been supported by demonstration of increased levels of indicators of oxidative stress in diabetic individuals suffering from complications. Therefore, it seems reasonable that antioxidants can play an important role in the improvement of diabetes. There are many reports on effects of antioxidants in the management of diabetes. In this paper, after complete bibliography and criticizing all relevant articles, the relationships between diabetes and oxidative stress and use of antioxidants in the management of diabetes and its complications have been well reviewed. This review well indicates that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Use of antioxidants reduces oxidative stress and alleviates diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roja Rahimi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Milani E, Nikfar S, Khorasani R, Zamani MJ, Abdollahi M. Reduction of diabetes-induced oxidative stress by phosphodiesterase inhibitors in rats. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2005; 140:251-5. [PMID: 15907769 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2005.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2004] [Revised: 02/12/2005] [Accepted: 02/14/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic tissue damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different phosphodiesterase inhibitors on lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of plasma in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Rattus norvegicus). Rats became diabetic by a single administration of streptozotocin (STZ, 45 mg/kg). The effects of 15-days treatment by milrinone, sildenafil, and theophylline as cyclic-AMP and -GMP phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs) on diabetes-induced oxidative stress were studied. The levels of glucose, malonedialdehyde (MDA) the by product of lipid peroxides, and TAC (FRAP test) were estimated in plasma of control and experimental groups of rats. A significant increase in the levels of plasma glucose, and MDA and a concomitant decrease in the levels of TAC were observed in diabetic rats. These alterations were reverted back to near normal level after the treatment with PDEIs. Treatment of diabetic rats by PDEIs reduced MDA levels and increased TAC in the order of milrinone>sildenafil>theophylline. In conclusion, the present investigation show that PDIS possesses antioxidant activities, which may be attributed to their enhancing effect on cellular cyclic nucleotides contributing to the protection against oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Exact mechanism of protective actions of cAMP- and cGMP-phosphodiesterase remains to be elucidated by further studies. This finding may suggest a place for PDEIs in maintaining health in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Milani
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Kohda Y, Gemba M. Cephaloridine Induces Translocation of Protein Kinase C δ Into Mitochondria and Enhances Mitochondrial Generation of Free Radicals in the Kidney Cortex of Rats Causing Renal Dysfunction. J Pharmacol Sci 2005; 98:49-57. [PMID: 15879677 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.fp0040926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that the enhancement of free radical generation in mitochondria isolated from the kidney cortex of rats exposed to cephaloridine (CER) is probably mediated by the activation of protein kinase C (PKC). We examined which isoenzymes of PKC might be involved in the development of nephrotoxicity induced by CER in rats. The CER-induced renal dysfunction observed 24 h after its injection was prevented by a potent antioxidant DPPD and well-known PKC inhibitors like H-7 and rottlerin. At 1.5 and 3.5 h after the CER injection, the free radical generation was increased markedly and this was associated with translocation of PKCdelta into the mitochondria of renal cortex tissue. Pretreatment of rats with H-7, a PKC inhibitor, significantly inhibited the CER-derived increase in mitochondrial generation of free radicals, suggesting that H-7 probably gets into the mitochondria and inhibits the activity of translocated PKC within the mitochondria. It was also shown that pretreatment of rats with rottlerin, a specific inhibitor of PKCdelta, suppressed the early translocation of PKCdelta into mitochondria and inhibited the CER-derived development of renal dysfunction. These results suggest that the CER-derived early translocation of PKCdelta into mitochondria probably leads to the enhanced production of free radicals through the mitochondrial respiratory chain during the development of the nephrotoxicity caused by CER. Understanding the role of PKCdelta in mitochondria may provide an important clue to the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species and the free radical-induced renal failure in rats treated with CER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kohda
- Division of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Takatsuki, Osaka 561-1094, Japan.
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21
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Kohda Y, Matsunaga Y, Yonogi K, Kawai Y, Awaya A, Gemba M. Protective Effect of Serum Thymic Factor, FTS, on Cephaloridine-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2005; 28:2087-91. [PMID: 16272694 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.28.2087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Serum thymic factor (FTS), a thymic peptide hormone, has been reported to increase superoxide disumutase (SOD) levels in senescence-accelerated mice. In the present study, we examined the effect of FTS on cephaloridine (CER)-induced nephrotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. We previously reported that CER led to extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation in the rat kidney. So, we also investigated whether FTS has an effect on ERK activation induced by CER. Treatment of male Sprague-Dawley rats with intravenous CER (1.2 g/kg) for 24 h markedly increased BUN and plasma creatinine levels and urinary excretion of glucose and protein, decreased creatinine clearance and also led to marked pathological changes in the proximal tubules, as revealed by electron micrographs. An increase in phosphorylated ERK (pERK) was detected in the nuclear fraction prepared from the rat kidney cortex 24 h after CER injection. Pretreatment of rats with FTS (50 microg/kg, i.v.) attenuated the CER-induced renal dysfunction and pathological damage. FTS also suppressed CER-induced ERK activation in the kidney. In vitro treatment of the established cell line, LLC-PK1 cells, with FTS significantly ameliorated CER-induced cell injury, as measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage. Our results, taken together with our previous report that MEK inhibitors ameliorated CER-induced renal cell injury and ERK activation induced by CER, suggest that FTS participates in protection from CER-induced nephrotoxicity by suppressing ERK activation induced by CER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kohda
- Division of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
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Kohda Y, Hiramatsu J, Gemba M. Involvement of MEK/ERK pathway in cephaloridine-induced injury in rat renal cortical slices. Toxicol Lett 2003; 143:185-94. [PMID: 12749822 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(03)00174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We have previously reported that free radical-mediated injury induced by cephaloridine (CER) is enhanced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, in rat renal cortical slices. We have also shown that PKC activation in mitochondria is involved in CER-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. We investigated the role of a downstream PKC pathway, a MEK/ERK pathway, in free radical-induced injury in rat renal cortical slices exposed to CER. Immediately after preparing slices from rat renal cortex, the slices were incubated in the medium containing MEK inhibitors. ERK1/2 activation was determined by Western blot analysis for phosphorylated ERK (pERK) 1/2 protein in nucleus fraction prepared from the slices exposed to CER. Prominently, CER caused not only increases in lipid peroxidation as an index of free radical generation and in LDH leakage as that of cell injury in the slices, but also marked activation of ERK1/2 in nucleus fraction. PD98059 and U0126, MEK1/2 inhibitors, significantly attenuated CER-induced increases in lipid peroxidation and LDH leakage in the slices. PD98059 also suppressed ERK1/2 activation in nucleus fraction prepared from the slices treated with CER. Inhibition of other MAP kinase pathways, p38 MAP kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) had no effect on CER-induced increases in lipid peroxidation level and LDH leakage in the slices. The present results suggest that a MEK/ERK pathway down stream of a PKC pathway is probably involved in free radical-induced injury in rat renal cortical slices exposed to CER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kohda
- Division of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nasahara, Takatsuki, 569-1094, Osaka, Japan.
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Abdollahi M, Bahreini-Moghadam A, Emami B, Fooladian F, Zafari K. Increasing intracellular cAMP and cGMP inhibits cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rat submandibular saliva. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2003; 135C:331-6. [PMID: 12927907 DOI: 10.1016/s1532-0456(03)00120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cadmium on induction of oxidative stress in rat submandibular saliva and protective role of increasing intracellular cAMP and cGMP by use of specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors, theophylline and sildenafil were investigated. Pure submandibular saliva was collected intraorally by micro polyethylene cannula from anaesthetized rats using pilocarpine as secretagogue. Acute administration of cadmium (10 mg/kg) caused significant oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation by-products (thiobarbituric reactive substances, TBARS) and decreasing total thiols and total antioxidant power of the saliva. Concurrent therapy of rats by theophylline (25 mg/kg) and sildenafil (5 mg/kg) prevented cadmium-induced oxidative stress in saliva. Theophylline and sildenafil inhibited cadmium-induced increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in total thiols and antioxidant power. It is concluded that cadmium administration results in oxidative stress in rat submandibular saliva, which can be protected by concurrent administration of specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran.
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24
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Nishida M, Ogawa H, Tamai M, Ishiwari K, Hamaoka K. Role of hydrogen peroxide in cyclosporine-induced renal tubular cell (LLC-PK1) injury. J Pharmacol Sci 2003; 91:255-8. [PMID: 12686749 DOI: 10.1254/jphs.91.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the role of hydrogen peroxide production in cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced LLC-PK1 injury. After exposure to CsA (0.1 microM - 100 microM), cytotoxicity assessed by lactate dehydrogenase release to the media increased dose-dependently. LLC-PK1 cells produced hydrogen peroxide, visualized by 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein assay by the treatment with 100 microM CsA, that was blocked by the treatment with catalase. The cytotoxicity of CsA significantly decreased either by the treatment with catalase, mannitol, or deferoxamine, but not with superoxide dismutase. These results suggest the role of hydrogen peroxide as the source of hydroxyl radical, which mainly contributes to CsA-induced LLC-PK1 injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Nishida
- Division of Pediatrics, Children's Research Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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25
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Kiyomiya KI, Matsushita N, Kurebe M, Nakagawa H, Matsuo S. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase as a target site for cephalosporin antibiotics in renal epithelial cells (LLC-PK(1)) and renal cortex. Life Sci 2002; 72:49-57. [PMID: 12409144 DOI: 10.1016/s0024-3205(02)02181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We reported previously that treatment of the pig kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line LLC-PK(1) with cephaloridine (CLD) decreased the activity of cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria of the cells followed by increases in lipid peroxidation and cell necrosis. In this study, we investigated the effects of CLD on the activity of cytochrome c oxidase in mitochondria isolated from LLC-PK(1) cells and purified the enzyme from mitochondria of the rat renal cortex. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase in the isolated mitochondria from LLC-PK(1) cells was significantly decreased from 1 h after addition of 1 mM CLD. Other cephalosporin antibiotics, cefazolin and cefalotin, also decreased the activity of cytochrome c oxidase in the isolated mitochondria. The activity of cytochrome c oxidase purified from the mitochondria of the rat renal cortex was also decreased from 2 h after addition of 1 mM CLD in a non-competitive manner. These results suggest that the direct inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase activity in the mitochondrial electron transport chain by cephlosporins may result from the observed nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Kiyomiya
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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26
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Kohda Y, Gemba M. Enhancement of protein kinase C activity and chemiluminescence intensity in mitochondria isolated from the kidney cortex of rats treated with cephaloridine. Biochem Pharmacol 2002; 64:543-9. [PMID: 12147306 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(02)01216-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The development of nephrotoxicity induced by cephaloridine (CER) has been reported to be due to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Protein kinase C (PKC) has been suggested to modulate the generation of ROS. We investigated the possible participation of ROS generation assessed by chemiluminescence (CL) and PKC activity in rat kidney cortical mitochondria in the development of CER-induced nephrotoxicity. We first evaluated the magnitude of the nephrotoxic damage caused by CER in rats. The plasma parameters and ultrastructural morphology changes were increased markedly 24hr after the treatment of rats with CER. We demonstrated that the treatment of rats with CER clearly evoked not only enhancement of Cypridina luciferin analog (CLA)-dependent CL intensity, but also the activation of PKC in mitochondria isolated from the kidney cortex of rats 1.5 and 3.5 hr after injection of the drug. These changes were detected in advance of those observed in plasma and by electron microscopy. The increase in CLA-dependent CL intensity detected in the kidney cortical mitochondria 1.5 and 3.5 hr after injection of CER was inhibited completely by the addition of superoxide dismutase, suggesting the generation of superoxide anion in these mitochondria during the early stages of CER-induced nephrotoxicity. These results suggest that the activation of PKC and the enhancement of superoxide anion generation in kidney cortical mitochondria precede the increases in plasma parameters and the electron micrographic changes indicative of renal dysfunction in rats treated with CER. Additionally, they suggest a possible relationship between PKC activation in mitochondria and free radical-induced CER nephrotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kohda
- Division of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nasahara, Takatsuki, 569-1094, Osaka, Japan.
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