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Xu L, Gurung B, Gu C, Wang S, Gu T. A New Convenient Method to Assess Antibiotic Resistance and Antimicrobial Efficacy against Pathogenic Clostridioides difficile Biofilms. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:728. [PMID: 39200028 PMCID: PMC11350819 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13080728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile is a widely distributed anaerobic pathogen. C. difficile infection is a serious problem in healthcare. Its biofilms have been found to exhibit biocorrosivity, albeit very little, but sufficient for it to correlate with biofilm growth/health. This work demonstrated the use of a disposable electrochemical biofilm test kit using two solid-state electrodes (a 304 stainless steel working electrode, and a graphite counter electrode, which also served as the reference electrode) in a 10 mL serum vial. It was found that the C. difficile 630∆erm Adp-4 mutant had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for vancomycin twice that of the 630∆erm wild type strain in biofilm prevention (2 ppm vs. 1 ppm by mass) on 304 stainless steel. Glutaraldehyde, a commonly used hospital disinfectant, was found ineffective at 2% (w/w) for the prevention of C. difficile 630∆erm wild type biofilm formation, while tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS) disinfectant was very effective at 100 ppm for both biofilm prevention and biofilm killing. These antimicrobial efficacy data were consistent with sessile cell count and biofilm imaging results. Furthermore, the test kit provided additional transient biocide treatment information. It showed that vancomycin killed C. difficile 630∆erm wild type biofilms in 2 d, while THPS only required minutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjun Xu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Bijay Gurung
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45071, USA
| | - Chris Gu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45071, USA
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45071, USA
- Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45071, USA
| | - Tingyue Gu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Edison Biotechnology Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
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2
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Huang L, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang D, Li L. A Label-Free Fluorescent Amplification Strategy for High-Sensitive Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on Protective-EXPAR (p-EXPAR) and Catalytic Hairpin Assembly. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1544-1549. [PMID: 38956864 PMCID: PMC11294642 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2405.05006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a fluorescent mechanism for two-step amplification by combining two widely used techniques, exponential amplification reaction (EXPAR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA). Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) engaged in competition with the complementary DNA in order to attach to the aptamer that had been fixed on the magnetic beads. The unbound complementary strand in the liquid above was utilized as a trigger sequence to initiate the protective-EXPAR (p-EXPAR) process, resulting in the generation of a substantial quantity of short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The amplified ssDNA can initiate the second CHA amplification process, resulting in the generation of many double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) products. The CHA reaction was initiated by the target/trigger DNA, resulting in the release of G-quadruplex sequences. These sequences have the ability to bond with the fluorescent amyloid dye thioflavin T (ThT), generating fluorescence signals. The method employed in this study demonstrated a detection limit of 16 CFU/ml and exhibited a strong linear correlation within the concentration range of 50 CFU/ml to 105 CFU/ml. This method of signal amplification has been effectively utilized to create a fluorescent sensing platform without the need for labels, enabling the detection of P. aeruginosa with high sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Interventional Therapy Department, Changsha Fourth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410006, P.R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Changsha Fourth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410006, P.R. China
| | - Jie Liu
- Nursing Department, Changsha Fourth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan province 410006, P.R. China
| | - Dalin Zhang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Changsha Fourth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410006, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Changsha Fourth Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province 410006, P.R. China
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3
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Bényei ÉB, Nazeer RR, Askenasy I, Mancini L, Ho PM, Sivarajan GAC, Swain JEV, Welch M. The past, present and future of polymicrobial infection research: Modelling, eavesdropping, terraforming and other stories. Adv Microb Physiol 2024; 85:259-323. [PMID: 39059822 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two centuries, great advances have been made in microbiology as a discipline. Much of this progress has come about as a consequence of studying the growth and physiology of individual microbial species in well-defined laboratory media; so-called "axenic growth". However, in the real world, microbes rarely live in such "splendid isolation" (to paraphrase Foster) and more often-than-not, share the niche with a plethora of co-habitants. The resulting interactions between species (and even between kingdoms) are only very poorly understood, both on a theoretical and experimental level. Nevertheless, the last few years have seen significant progress, and in this review, we assess the importance of polymicrobial infections, and show how improved experimental traction is advancing our understanding of these. A particular focus is on developments that are allowing us to capture the key features of polymicrobial infection scenarios, especially as those associated with the human airways (both healthy and diseased).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabel Askenasy
- Department of Biochemistry, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Leonardo Mancini
- Department of Biochemistry, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Pok-Man Ho
- Department of Biochemistry, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jemima E V Swain
- Department of Biochemistry, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Welch
- Department of Biochemistry, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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4
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Muñoz-Echeverri LM, Benavides-López S, Geiger O, Trujillo-Roldán MA, Valdez-Cruz NA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: biotechnological perspective for enhanced productivity. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:174. [PMID: 38642254 PMCID: PMC11032300 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are non-replicative nanostructures released by Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as a survival mechanism and inter- and intraspecific communication mechanism. Due to BEVs physical, biochemical, and biofunctional characteristics, there is interest in producing and using them in developing new therapeutics, vaccines, or delivery systems. However, BEV release is typically low, limiting their application. Here, we provide a biotechnological perspective to enhance BEV production, highlighting current strategies. The strategies include the production of hypervesiculating strains through gene modification, bacteria culture under stress conditions, and artificial vesicles production. We discussed the effect of these production strategies on BEVs types, morphology, composition, and activity. Furthermore, we summarized general aspects of BEV biogenesis, functional capabilities, and applications, framing their current importance and the need to produce them in abundance. This review will expand the knowledge about the range of strategies associated with BEV bioprocesses to increase their productivity and extend their application possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Muñoz-Echeverri
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio D, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Santiago Benavides-López
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, Edificio B, 1° Piso, Circuito de Posgrados, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán CDMX, C.P. 04510, México
| | - Otto Geiger
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad s/n, Cuernavaca, Morelos, CP 62210, México
| | - Mauricio A Trujillo-Roldán
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México
| | - Norma A Valdez-Cruz
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Biotecnología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México AP. 70228, Ciudad de México, C.P. 04510, México.
- Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 107 Carretera, Tijuana-Ensenada, Baja California, 22860, México.
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5
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Tan X, Hu M, Cheng X, Xiao J, Zhou J, Zhu G. Effects of elevated levels of intracellular nitric oxide on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm in chronic skin wound and slow-killing infection models. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:349-359. [PMID: 37410300 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), produced through the denitrification pathway, regulates biofilm dynamics through the quorum sensing system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. NO stimulates P. aeruginosa biofilm dispersal by enhancing phosphodiesterase activity to decrease cyclic di-GMP levels. In a chronic skin wound model containing a mature biofilm, the gene expression of nirS, encoding nitrite reductase to produce NO, was low, leading to reduced intracellular NO levels. Although low-dose NO induces biofilm dispersion, it is unknown whether it influences the formation of P. aeruginosa biofilms in chronic skin wounds. In this study, a P. aeruginosa PAO1 strain with overexpressed nirS was established to investigate NO effects on P. aeruginosa biofilm formation in an ex vivo chronic skin wound model and unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms. Elevated intracellular NO levels altered the biofilm structure in the wound model by inhibiting the expression of quorum sensing-related genes, which was different from an in vitro model. In Caenorhabditis elegans as a slow-killing infection model, elevated intracellular NO levels increased worms' lifespan by 18%. Worms that fed on the nirS-overexpressed PAO1 strain for 4 h had complete tissue, whereas worms that fed on empty plasmid-containing PAO1 had biofilms on their body, causing severe damage to the head and tail. Thus, elevated intracellular NO levels can inhibit P. aeruginosa biofilm growth in chronic skin wounds and reduce pathogenicity to the host. Targeting NO is a potential approach to control biofilm growth in chronic skin wounds wherein P. aeruginosa biofilms are a persistent problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Tan
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
| | - Mei Hu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Jinwei Zhou
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, 221018, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoping Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China.
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6
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Lin S, Tang W, Xiao Y, Zan F, Liu X, Chen G, Hao T. Sulfur bacteria-reinforced microbial electrochemical denitrification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130121. [PMID: 38029802 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Two limiting factors of microbial electrochemical denitrification (MED) are the abundance and efficiency of the functional microorganisms. To supply these microorganisms, MED systems are inoculated with denitrifying sludge, but such method has much room for improvement. This study compared MED inoculated with autotrophic denitrifying inoculum (ADI) versus with heterotrophic denitrifying inoculum (HDI). ADI exhibited electroactivity for 50% less of timethan HDI. The denitrification efficiency of the ADI biocathode was42% higherthan that of the HDI biocathode. The HDI biocathode had high levels of polysaccharides while the ADI biocathode was rich in proteins, suggesting that two biocathodes may achieveMED but via differentpathways. Microbial communities of two biocathodes indicated MED of HDI biocathode may rely on interspecies electron transfer, whereas sulfur bacteria of ADI biocathode take electrons directly from the cathode to achieve MED. Utilizing autotrophic sulfur-oxidizing denitrifiers, this study offers a strategy for enhancing MED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Wentao Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Yihang Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Feixiang Zan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Low-Carbon Water Environment Technology Center (HUST-SUKE), Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment, MOHURD, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- School of Materials and Environment Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution (Hong Kong Branch) and Water Technology Center, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tianwei Hao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau, Macau.
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7
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Yarrington KD, Shendruk TN, Limoli DH. The type IV pilus chemoreceptor PilJ controls chemotaxis of one bacterial species towards another. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002488. [PMID: 38349934 PMCID: PMC10896506 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteria live in social communities, where the ability to sense and respond to interspecies and environmental signals is critical for survival. We previously showed the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa detects secreted peptides from bacterial competitors and navigates through interspecies signal gradients using pilus-based motility. Yet, it was unknown whether P. aeruginosa utilizes a designated chemosensory system for this behavior. Here, we performed a systematic genetic analysis of a putative pilus chemosensory system, followed by high-speed live-imaging and single-cell tracking, to reveal behaviors of mutants that retain motility but are blind to interspecies signals. The enzymes predicted to methylate (PilK) and demethylate (ChpB) the putative pilus chemoreceptor, PilJ, are necessary for cells to control the direction of migration. While these findings implicate PilJ as a bona fide chemoreceptor, such function had yet to be experimentally defined, as full-length PilJ is essential for motility. Thus, we constructed systematic genetic modifications of PilJ and found that without the predicted ligand binding domains or predicted methylation sites, cells lose the ability to detect competitor gradients, despite retaining pilus-mediated motility. Chemotaxis trajectory analysis revealed that increased probability and size of P. aeruginosa pilus-mediated steps towards S. aureus peptides, versus steps away, determines motility bias in wild type cells. However, PilJ mutants blind to interspecies signals take less frequent steps towards S. aureus or steps of equal size towards and away. Collectively, this work uncovers the chemosensory nature of PilJ, provides insight into how cell movements are biased during pilus-based chemotaxis, and identifies chemotactic interactions necessary for bacterial survival in polymicrobial communities, revealing putative pathways where therapeutic intervention might disrupt bacterial communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlin D. Yarrington
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Tyler N. Shendruk
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique H. Limoli
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
- Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America
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8
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Panchal J, Prajapati J, Dabhi M, Patel A, Patel S, Rawal R, Saraf M, Goswami D. Comprehensive computational investigation for ligand recognition and binding dynamics of SdiA: a degenerate LuxR -type receptor in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-023-10785-6. [PMID: 38212453 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10785-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
SdiA is a LuxR-type receptor that controls the virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Gram-negative bacterium that causes various infections in humans. SdiA senses exogenous acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) and autoinducer-2 (AI-2), two types of quorum sensing signals produced by other bacterial species. However, the molecular details of how SdiA recognizes and binds to different ligands and how this affects its function and regulation in K. pneumoniae still need to be better understood. This study uses computational methods to explore the protein-ligand binding dynamics of SdiA with 11 AHLs and 2 AI-2 ligands. The 3D structure of SdiA was predicted through homology modeling, followed by molecular docking with AHLs and AI-2 ligands. Binding affinities were quantified using MM-GBSA, and complex stability was assessed via Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. Results demonstrated that SdiA in Klebsiella pneumoniae exhibits a degenerate binding nature, capable of interacting with multiple AHLs and AI-2. Specific ligands, namely C10-HSL, C8-HSL, 3-oxo-C8-HSL, and 3-oxo-C10-HSL, were found to have high binding affinities and formed critical hydrogen bonds with key amino acid residues of SdiA. This finding aligns with the observed preference of SdiA for AHLs having 8 to 10 carbon-length acyl chains and lacking hydroxyl groups. In contrast, THMF and HMF demonstrated poor binding properties. Furthermore, AI-2 exhibited a low affinity, corroborating the inference that SdiA is not the primary receptor for AI-2 in K. pneumoniae. These findings provide insights into the protein-ligand binding dynamics of SdiA and its role in quorum sensing and virulence of K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janki Panchal
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Jignesh Prajapati
- Department of Biochemistry & Forensic Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Milan Dabhi
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Arun Patel
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar 385505, Gujarat, India
| | - Sandip Patel
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar 385505, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Rawal
- Department of Biochemistry & Forensic Science, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Meenu Saraf
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India
| | - Dweipayan Goswami
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, Gujarat, India.
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9
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Tan X, Cheng X, Xiao J, Liu Q, Du D, Li M, Sun Y, Zhou J, Zhu G. Alkaline phosphatase LapA regulates quorum sensing-mediated virulence and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 under phosphate depletion stress. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0206023. [PMID: 37796007 PMCID: PMC10715133 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02060-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Our previous study demonstrated that the expression of lapA was induced under phosphate depletion conditions, but its roles in virulence and biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa remain largely unknown. This study presents a systematic investigation of the roles of lapA in virulence induction and biofilm formation by constructing a lapA-deficient strain with P. aeruginosa PAO1. The results showed that deletion of the lapA gene evidently reduced elastase activity, swimming motility, C4-HSL, and 3-oxo-C12-HSL production, and increased rhamnolipid production under phosphate depletion stress. Moreover, lapA gene deletion inhibited PAO1 biofilm formation in porcine skin explants by reducing the expression levels of las and rhl quorum sensing systems and extracellular polymeric substance synthesis. Finally, lapA gene deletion also reduced the virulence of PAO1 in Caenorhabditis elegans in fast-kill and slow-kill infection assays. This study provides insights into the roles of lapA in modulating P. aeruginosa virulence and biofilm formation under phosphate depletion stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Tan
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jingjing Xiao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Dongsheng Du
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
| | - Jinwei Zhou
- School of Food and Biology Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoping Zhu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, China
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10
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Warsi OM, Gedda L, Edwards K, Andersson DI. Vesicle-enriched secretomes alter bacterial competitive abilities and are drivers of evolution in microbial communities. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2023; 99:fiad141. [PMID: 37884450 PMCID: PMC10653989 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiad141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial membrane vesicles can carry compounds that inhibit bacterial growth, but how they impact the fitness of the vesicle-producing bacterial species and influence community dynamics remain unexplored questions. To address these questions, we examined the effect of vesicle-enriched secretomes (VESs) in different single-species and multi-species systems. Effects of VESs on single-species growth dynamics were determined for nine bacterial species belonging to four genera (Escherichia, Salmonella, Pseudomonas and Bacillus) in nutrient-rich and poor growth media. Results showed both species-specific and nutrient-dependent effects of the VESs on bacterial growth. The strongest antagonistic effects were observed for VES isolated from the natural isolates of E. coli, while those isolated from P. aeruginosa PA14 affected the highest number of species. We further demonstrated that these VESs altered the competitive abilities of the species involved in two-species (S. Typhimurium LT2 and S. arizonae) and three-species systems (E. coli, S. Typhimurium LT2 and B. subtilis). Finally, using experimental evolution we showed that different bacterial species could rapidly acquire mutations that abrogated the antagonistic effects of VESs. This study demonstrates how VESs can contribute in shaping microbial communities, both by increasing the competitive ability of a given bacterial species and as a driver of genetic adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar M Warsi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
| | - Lars Gedda
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75237, Sweden
| | - Dan I Andersson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75123, Sweden
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11
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Liu W, Li M, Cao S, Ishaq HM, Zhao H, Yang F, Liu L. The Biological and Regulatory Role of Type VI Secretion System of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:6911-6922. [PMID: 37928603 PMCID: PMC10624183 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s426657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria communicate with their surroundings through diverse secretory systems, and the recently discovered Type VI Secretion System (T6SS) has gained significant attention. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), an opportunistic pathogen known for causing severe infections in both hospital and animal settings, possesses this intriguing T6SS. This system equips K. pneumoniae with a formidable armory of protein-based weaponry, enabling the delivery of toxins into neighboring cells, thus granting a substantial competitive advantage. Remarkably, the T6SS has also been associated with K. pneumoniae's ability to form biofilms and acquire resistance against antibiotics. However, the precise effects of the T6SS on K. pneumoniae's functions remain inadequately studied, despite research efforts to understand the intricacies of these mechanisms. This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge regarding the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of the T6SS in K. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shiwen Cao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Huajie Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, People’s Republic of China
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12
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Cheng M, Chen R, Liao L. T2SS-peptidase XcpA associated with LasR evolutional phenotypic variations provides a fitness advantage to Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1256785. [PMID: 37954251 PMCID: PMC10637944 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1256785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses hierarchical quorum sensing (QS) systems. The intricate QS network of P. aeruginosa synchronizes a suite of virulence factors, contributing to the mortality and morbidity linked to the pathogenicity of this bacterium. Previous studies have revealed that variations in the lasR gene are frequently observed in chronic isolates of cystic fibrosis (CF). Specifically, LasRQ45stop was identified as a common variant among CF, lasR mutants during statistical analysis of the clinical lasR mutants in the database. In this study, we introduced LasRQ45stop into the chromosome of P. aeruginosa PAO1 through allelic replacement. The social traits of PAO1 LasRQ45stop were found to be equivalent to those of PAO1 LasR-null isolates. By co-evolving with the wild-type in caseinate broth, elastase-phenotypic-variability variants were derived from the LasRQ45stop subpopulation. Upon further examination of four LasRQ45stop sublines, we determined that the variation of T2SS-peptidase xcpA and mexT genes plays a pivotal role in the divergence of various phenotypes, including public goods elastase secretion and other pathogenicity traits. Furthermore, XcpA mutants demonstrated a fitness advantage compared to parent strains during co-evolution. Numerous phenotypic variations were associated with subline-specific genetic alterations. Collectively, these findings suggest that even within the same parental subline, there is ongoing microevolution of individual mutational trajectory diversity during adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Cheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiyi Chen
- Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lisheng Liao
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Juříková T, Mácha H, Lupjanová V, Pluháček T, Marešová H, Papoušková B, Luptáková D, Patil RH, Benada O, Grulich M, Palyzová A. The Deciphering of Growth-Dependent Strategies for Quorum-Sensing Networks in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2329. [PMID: 37764173 PMCID: PMC10534576 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized as a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among nosocomial pathogens. In respiratory infections, P. aeruginosa acts not only as a single player but also collaborates with the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. This study introduced a QS molecule portfolio as a potential new biomarker that affects the secretion of virulence factors and biofilm formation. The quantitative levels of QS molecules, including 3-o-C12-HSL, 3-o-C8-HSL, C4-HSL, C6-HSL, HHQ, PQS, and PYO, measured using mass spectrometry in a monoculture, indicated metabolic changes during the transition from planktonic to sessile cells. In the co-cultures with A. fumigatus, the profile of abundant QS molecules was reduced to 3-o-C12-HSL, C4-HSL, PQS, and PYO. A decrease in C4-HSL by 50% to 170.6 ± 11.8 ng/mL and an increase 3-o-C12-HSL by 30% up to 784.4 ± 0.6 ng/mL were detected at the stage of the coverage of the hyphae with bacteria. Using scanning electron microscopy, we showed the morphological stages of the P. aeruginosa biofilm, such as cell aggregates, maturated biofilm, and cell dispersion. qPCR quantification of the genome equivalents of both microorganisms suggested that they exhibited an interplay strategy rather than antagonism. This is the first study demonstrating the quantitative growth-dependent appearance of QS molecule secretion in a monoculture of P. aeruginosa and a co-culture with A. fumigatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Juříková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Hynek Mácha
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Vanda Lupjanová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Tomáš Pluháček
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Helena Marešová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Barbora Papoušková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Dominika Luptáková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Rutuja H. Patil
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, 17. Listopadu 12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic; (T.P.); (B.P.)
| | - Oldřich Benada
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Michal Grulich
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Andrea Palyzová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (T.J.); (H.M.); (V.L.); (H.M.); (D.L.); (R.H.P.); (O.B.); (M.G.)
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14
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Zhang Q, Kong G, Zhao G, Liu J, Jin H, Li Z, Zhang G, Liu T. Microbial and enzymatic changes in cigar tobacco leaves during air-curing and fermentation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:5789-5801. [PMID: 37458766 PMCID: PMC10439857 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12663-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic enzyme activity and microbial composition of the air-curing and fermentation processes determine the quality of cigar tobacco leaves (CTLs). In this study, we reveal the evolution of the dominant microorganisms and microbial community structure at different stages of the air-curing and fermentation processes of CTLs. The results showed that the changes in metabolic enzymes occurred mainly during the air-curing phase, with polyphenol oxidase (PPO) being the most active at the browning phase. Pseudomonas, Bacteroides, Vibrio, Monographella, Bipolaris, and Aspergillus were the key microorganisms in the air-curing and fermentation processes. Principal coordinate analysis revealed significant separation of microbial communities between the air-curing and fermentation phases. Redundancy analysis showed that bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Acidobacteriota and fungi such as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were correlated with enzyme activity and temperature and humidity. Bacteria mainly act in sugar metabolism, lipid metabolism, and amino acid metabolism, while fungi mainly degrade lignin, cellulose, and pectin through saprophytic action. Spearman correlation network analysis showed that Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the key bacterial taxa, while Dothideomycetes, Sordariomycetes, and Eurotiomycetes were the key fungal taxa. This research provides the basis for improving the quality of cigars by improving the air-curing and fermentation processes. KEY POINTS: • Changes in POD and PPO activity control the color change of CTLs at the air-curing stage. • Monographella, Aspergillus, Pseudomonas, and Vibrio play an important role in air-curing and fermentation. • Environmental temperature and humidity mainly affect the fermentation process, whereas bacteria such as Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Acidobacteriota and fungi such as Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are associated with enzyme activity and temperature and humidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanghui Kong
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Gaokun Zhao
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Raw Materials Department of HongYun HongHe Tobacco (Group) Limited Liability Company, Kunming, 650221, Yunnan, China
| | - Honggang Jin
- Raw Materials Department of HongYun HongHe Tobacco (Group) Limited Liability Company, Kunming, 650221, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Raw Materials Department of HongYun HongHe Tobacco (Group) Limited Liability Company, Kunming, 650221, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanghai Zhang
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China.
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15
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Anne F, Gwenaëlle G, Isabelle S, Pierre F. Improved engineering of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to study the adaptation of pyoverdine production under intra- or inter- specific bacterial competition. J Microbiol Methods 2023; 210:106753. [PMID: 37271375 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2023.106753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common cause of chronic infections, particularly feared by cystic fibrosis patients. PA colonizes the lung where it adapts to the local environment, and/or to treatments by drugs. This genotypic and phenotypic adaptation, in turns, influences its interaction with its environment, like bacteria from the microbiota. As an example, to access iron, PA produces and secretes two siderophores, pyoverdine and pyochelin that are iron chelators scavenging iron from the environment and bringing it back into the bacterial cells. Siderophores production depends on the level of iron starvation, on the presence of other bacteria, etc. this latter component being less well investigated. Even if studies on bacterial interactions, and their evolution, have been increasing since several years, we are still facing a lack of tools, for example, to specifically follow the growth of PA isolates in such competitive environments. We thus improved a cloning method to gain time in the cloning steps, to lower the polar effects, and to accurately follow the interactions of any PA isolate with other bacteria. For that, a fluorescent reporter gene was inserted between two genes, the glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase (glmS) and PA5548. This reporter was efficiently produced either from an inducible or a house-keeping promoter, and its expression did not lead to polar effects. We used this strain to study intra and inter-specific bacterial competitions for iron between different lung pathogens. We thus grew wild-type PA together either with an isogenic PA ΔpvdS variant, that does not produce the most efficient siderophore pyoverdine, or with Klebsiella pneumoniae or Acinetobacter baumanii, two other lung pathogens. We finally monitored the effect of the loss of pvdS on the competition between PA and the other bacterial species. These studies enabled us to differentiate intra from inter specific competitions, both arising in the lung environment, and pinpoint the importance of the bacterial specie for the adaptation of pyoverdine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forster Anne
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67413 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67412 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Graulier Gwenaëlle
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67413 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67412 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Schalk Isabelle
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67413 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67412 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fechter Pierre
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67413 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France; CNRS, UMR7242, ESBS, Bld Sébastien Brant, F-67412 Illkirch, Strasbourg, France.
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16
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Ambreetha S, Singh V. Genetic and environmental determinants of surface adaptations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2023; 169. [PMID: 37276014 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
is a well-studied Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium that thrives in markedly varied environments. It is a nutritionally versatile microbe that can colonize a host as well as exist in the environment. Unicellular, planktonic cells of
P. aeruginosa
can come together to perform a coordinated swarming movement or turn into a sessile, surface-adhered population called biofilm. These collective behaviours produce strikingly different outcomes. While swarming motility rapidly disseminates the bacterial population, biofilm collectively protects the population from environmental stresses such as heat, drought, toxic chemicals, grazing by predators, and attack by host immune cells and antibiotics. The ubiquitous nature of
P. aeruginosa
is likely to be supported by the timely transition between planktonic, swarming and biofilm lifestyles. The social behaviours of this bacteria viz biofilm and swarm modes are controlled by signals from quorum-sensing networks, LasI-LasR, RhlI-RhlR and PQS-MvfR, and several other sensory kinases and response regulators. A combination of environmental and genetic cues regulates the transition of the
P. aeruginosa
population to specific states. The current review is aimed at discussing key factors that promote physiologically distinct transitioning of the
P. aeruginosa
population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakthivel Ambreetha
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka - 560012, India
| | - Varsha Singh
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka - 560012, India
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17
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Rahman MK, Hassan MM, Islam S, Rostal MK, Uddin MH, Hagan E, Samad MA, Flora MS, Epstein JH, Islam A. Characterization and epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. in free-ranging rhesus macaque ( Macaca mulatta) at high-risk interfaces with people and livestock in Bangladesh. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1103922. [PMID: 36793381 PMCID: PMC9922862 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1103922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat for humans and animals. Environmental contamination of antimicrobials from human and domestic animal feces has been linked to AMR in wildlife populations, including rhesus macaques. This study aimed to describe the eco-epidemiology of AMR within Salmonella and Staphylococcus species isolated from rhesus macaques. Methods We followed macaque groups for 4 h per day (2 days) to observe the direct and indirect contact rate and type between macaques and people and livestock. We collected 399 freshly defecated, non-invasive fecal samples from macaques at seven sites in Bangladesh in January-June 2017. Bacterial isolation and identification were conducted using culture, biochemical characteristics, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). An antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) for 12 antimicrobials for each organism was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Results The overall prevalence of Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. in rhesus macaques was 5% (n = 18; 95% CI: 3-7%) and 16% (n = 64; 95% CI: 13-20%), respectively. All the isolated Salmonella spp. and most of the Staphylococcus spp. (95%; 61/64; 95% CI: 86.9-99%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. The odds of a fecal sample having antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella spp (OR = 6.6; CI: 0.9-45.8, P = 0.05) and Staphylococcus spp. (OR = 5.6; CI: 1.2-26, P = 0.02) were significantly higher in samples collected at peri-urban sites than those collected at rural and urban sites. Salmonella spp. were most frequently resistant to tetracycline (89%), azithromycin (83%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (50%), and nalidixic acid (44%). Staphylococcus spp. were found to be highly resistant to ampicillin (93%), methicillin (31%), clindamycin (26%), and rifampicin (18%). Both bacterial species produced colonies with multidrug resistance to up to seven antimicrobials. Direct and indirect contact rates (within 20 m for at least 15 min) and resource sharing between macaques and people were higher in urban sites, while macaque-livestock contact rates were higher in rural sites. Discussion The study shows that resistant microorganisms are circulating in rhesus macaque, and direct and indirect contact with humans and livestock might expand the resistant organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Kaisar Rahman
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh,Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh,EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, United States,School of Veterinary Medicine, Texas Tech University, Amarillo, TX, United States
| | - Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh,Queensland Alliance for One Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shariful Islam
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh,EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Md. Helal Uddin
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Emily Hagan
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mohammed Abdus Samad
- Antimicrobial Resistance Action Center (ARAC), Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Bangladesh
| | - Meerjady Sabrina Flora
- Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR), Dhaka, Bangladesh,Directorate General of Health Services, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ariful Islam
- EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Ariful Islam ✉
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Feng L, Xu M, Zeng W, Zhang X, Wang S, Yao Z, Zhou T, Shi S, Cao J, Chen L. Evaluation of the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence effects of acetic acid and the related mechanisms on colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:306. [PMID: 36529724 PMCID: PMC9762083 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) has been majorly implicated in the infection of burns, wounds, skin, and respiratory tract. Colistin is considered the last line of defense against P. aeruginosa infections. However, colistin is becoming increasingly invalid in treating patients infected with colistin-resistant (COL-R) P. aeruginosa. As one of the disinfectants used for wound infections, acetic acid (AA) offers good antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against P. aeruginosa. This study investigated the effects of AA on COL-R P. aeruginosa in terms of its antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence properties and the corresponding underlying mechanisms. RESULTS The antimicrobial susceptibility and growth curve data revealed that 0.078% (v/v) AA exhibited good antibacterial activity against COL-R P. aeruginosa. Subinhibitory concentrations of AA were ineffective in inhibiting biofilm formation, but 4 × and 8 × of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was effective in removing the preformed biofilms in biofilm-eradication assays. The virulence results illustrated that AA inhibited COL-R P. aeruginosa swimming, swarming, twitching, and pyocyanin and elastase production. The analysis of the potential antibacterial mechanisms of AA on COL-R P. aeruginosa revealed that AA acted by increasing the outer and inner membrane permeability, polarizing the membrane potential, and decreasing the reduction potential in a concentration-dependent manner. The qRT-PCR results revealed that AA may inhibit the virulence of COL-R P. aeruginosa by inhibiting the expression of T3SS-related and QS-related genes. CONCLUSIONS AA possesses antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-virulence properties that ultimately lead to the alteration of the bacterial membrane permeability, membrane potential, and reduction potential. Our findings indicated that AA is presently one of the effective treatment options for infections. A high concentration of AA (> 0.156% v/v) can be used to sterilize biofilm-prone surgical instruments, for hospital disinfection, and for treating the external wound, whereas a low concentration of AA (0.00975-0.039% v/v) may be used as an anti-virulence agent for adjuvant treatment of COL-R P. aeruginosa, thereby further improving the application value of AA in the treatment of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luozhu Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
- Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Weiliang Zeng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Sipei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Zhuocheng Yao
- Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Tieli Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Shiyi Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Jianming Cao
- Department of Medical Lab Science, School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province China
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19
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Fulton RL, Downs DM. DadY (PA5303) is required for fitness of Pseudomonas aeruginosa when growth is dependent on alanine catabolism. MICROBIAL CELL (GRAZ, AUSTRIA) 2022; 9:190-201. [PMID: 36483308 PMCID: PMC9714295 DOI: 10.15698/mic2022.12.788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa inhabits diverse environmental niches that can have varying nutrient composition. The ubiquity of this organism is facilitated by a metabolic strategy that preferentially utilizes low-energy, non-fermentable organic acids, such as amino acids, rather than the high-energy sugars preferred by many other microbes. The amino acid alanine is among the preferred substrates of P. aeruginosa. The dad locus encodes the constituents of the alanine catabolic pathway of P. aeruginosa. Physiological roles for DadR (AsnC-type transcriptional activator), DadX (alanine racemase), and DadA (D-amino acid dehydrogenase) have been defined in this pathway. An additional protein, PA5303, is encoded in the dad locus in P. aeruginosa. PA5303 is a member of the ubiquitous Rid protein superfamily and is designated DadY based on the data presented herein. Despite its conservation in numerous Pseudomonas species and membership in the Rid superfamily, no physiological function has been assigned to DadY. In the present study, we demonstrate that DadA releases imino-alanine that can be deaminated by DadY in vitro. While DadY was not required for alanine catabolism in monoculture, dadY mutants had a dramatic fitness defect in competition with wild-type P. aeruginosa when alanine served as the sole carbon or nitrogen source. The data presented herein support a model in which DadY facilitates flux through the alanine catabolic pathway by removing the imine intermediate generated by DadA. Functional characterization of DadY contributes to our understanding of the role of the broadly conserved Rid family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie L. Fulton
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2605
| | - Diana M. Downs
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2605
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20
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Sycz Z, Wojnicz D, Tichaczek-Goska D. Does Secondary Plant Metabolite Ursolic Acid Exhibit Antibacterial Activity against Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Living in Single- and Multispecies Biofilms? Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081691. [PMID: 36015317 PMCID: PMC9415239 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multispecies bacterial biofilms are the often cause of chronic recurrent urinary tract infections within the human population. Eradicating such a complex bacterial consortium with standard pharmacotherapy is often unsuccessful. Therefore, plant-derived compounds are currently being researched as an alternative strategy to antibiotic therapy for preventing bacterial biofilm formation and facilitating its eradication. Therefore, our research aimed to determine the effect of secondary plant metabolite ursolic acid (UA) on the growth and survival, the quantity of exopolysaccharides formed, metabolic activity, and morphology of uropathogenic Gram-negative rods living in single- and mixed-species biofilms at various stages of their development. Spectrophotometric methods were used for biofilm mass formation and metabolic activity determination. The survival of bacteria was established using the serial dilution assay. The decrease in survival and inhibition of biofilm creation, both single- and multispecies, as well as changes in the morphology of bacterial cells were noticed. As UA exhibited better activity against young biofilms, the use of UA-containing formulations, especially during the initial steps of urinary tract infection, seems to be reasonable. However, the future direction should be a thorough understanding of the mechanisms of UA activity as a bioactive substance.
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Ali N, Khanafer M, Al-Awadhi H. Indigenous oil-degrading bacteria more efficient in soil bioremediation than microbial consortium and active even in super oil-saturated soils. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:950051. [PMID: 35979488 PMCID: PMC9376284 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.950051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A microbial consortium of the hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial species, comprising Actinotalea ferrariae, Arthrobacter ginsengisoli, Dietzia cinnamea, Dietzia papillomatosis, and Pseudomonas songnenensis, isolated from oil-saturated desert soil did not consume more oil in batch cultures than the individual species with the maximum oil consumption. In oil-polluted desert soil microcosms, the rate of oil removal in the soil samples bioaugmented with the microbial consortium was similar to the rate of oil removal in the unbioaugmented ones through a 6-month bioremediation experiment. Although the composition of hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial communities in the unbioaugmented and bioaugmented soil samples was different, the predominant bacterial species during most of the months were the same. Toward the end of the bioremediation experiment, Ar. ginsengisoli prevailed in both soil samples, suggesting its important role in oil removal. Self-cleaning proceeded in desert soil samples artificially polluted with 1, 10, 20, and 30% of crude oil and incubated at 30 °C for 6 months. Oil was removed effectively at rates reaching 73.6 and 69.3% in the soils polluted with 1 and 10% oil concentrations, respectively, and reached 50% in desert soils polluted with 20 and 30% oil concentrations. The bacterial numbers increased in all soil samples from hundreds of thousands per gram of soil samples at time zero to millions and tens of millions per gram of soil samples after 6 months. It was concluded that bioaugmenting oil-polluted soil samples with microbial consortium of hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial species with high oil removal potential did not drastically enhance oil bioremediation and that even in super oil-saturated soils, indigenous oil-degrading bacteria will prevail and effectively contribute to oil removal from the surrounding environment.
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Upadhyay SK, Srivastava AK, Rajput VD, Chauhan PK, Bhojiya AA, Jain D, Chaubey G, Dwivedi P, Sharma B, Minkina T. Root Exudates: Mechanistic Insight of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria for Sustainable Crop Production. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:916488. [PMID: 35910633 PMCID: PMC9329127 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.916488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The breaking silence between the plant roots and microorganisms in the rhizosphere affects plant growth and physiology by impacting biochemical, molecular, nutritional, and edaphic factors. The components of the root exudates are associated with the microbial population, notably, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The information accessible to date demonstrates that PGPR is specific to the plant's roots. However, inadequate information is accessible for developing bio-inoculation/bio-fertilizers for the crop in concern, with satisfactory results at the field level. There is a need to explore the perfect candidate PGPR to meet the need for plant growth and yield. The functions of PGPR and their chemotaxis mobility toward the plant root are triggered by the cluster of genes induced by the components of root exudates. Some reports have indicated the benefit of root exudates in plant growth and productivity, yet a methodical examination of rhizosecretion and its consequences in phytoremediation have not been made. In the light of the afore-mentioned facts, in the present review, the mechanistic insight and recent updates on the specific PGPR recruitment to improve crop production at the field level are methodically addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir K. Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India
| | | | - Vishnu D. Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Prabhat K. Chauhan
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, India
| | - Ali Asger Bhojiya
- Department of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Mewar University, Chittorgarh, India
| | - Devendra Jain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, India
| | - Gyaneshwer Chaubey
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Padmanabh Dwivedi
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Bechan Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Allahabad, India
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
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Polymicrobial infections can select against Pseudomonas aeruginosa mutators because of quorum-sensing trade-offs. Nat Ecol Evol 2022; 6:979-988. [PMID: 35618819 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-022-01768-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria with increased mutation rates (mutators) are common in chronic infections and are associated with poorer clinical outcomes, especially in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infecting cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. There is, however, considerable between-patient variation in both P. aeruginosa mutator frequency and the composition of co-infecting pathogen communities. We investigated whether community context might affect selection of mutators. Using an in vitro CF model community, we show that P. aeruginosa mutators were favoured in the absence of other species but not in their presence. This was because there were trade-offs between adaptation to the biotic and abiotic environments (for example, loss of quorum sensing and associated toxin production was beneficial in the latter but not the former in our in vitro model community) limiting the evolvability advantage of an elevated mutation rate. Consistent with a role of co-infecting pathogens selecting against P. aeruginosa mutators in vivo, we show that the mutation frequency of P. aeruginosa population was negatively correlated with the frequency and diversity of co-infecting bacteria in CF infections. Our results suggest that co-infecting taxa can select against P. aeruginosa mutators, which may have potentially beneficial clinical consequences.
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Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of Gliptins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051169. [PMID: 35625906 PMCID: PMC9138634 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics constitutes an emerging public health issue. Promising approaches have been innovated to conquer bacterial resistance, and targeting bacterial virulence is one of these approaches. Bacterial virulence mitigation offers several merits, as antivirulence agents do not affect the growth of bacteria and hence do not induce bacteria to develop resistance. In this direction, numerous drugs have been repurposed as antivirulence agents prior to their clinical use alone or in combination with traditional antibiotics. Quorum sensing (QS) plays a key role in controlling bacterial virulence. In the current study, dipeptidase inhibitor-4 (DPI-4) antidiabetic gliptins were screened for their antivirulence and anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) activities against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Upon assessing their antibiofilm activities, the ten tested gliptins significantly diminished biofilm formation. In particular, sitagliptin exhibited the most efficient antibiofilm activity, so it was chosen as a representative of all gliptins to further investigate its antivirulence activity. Sitagliptin significantly protected mice from P. aeruginosa and S. aureus pathogenesis. Furthermore, sitagliptin downregulated QS-encoding genes in P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. To test the anti-QS activities of gliptins, a detailed molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the gliptins’ binding affinities to P. aeruginosa and S. aureus QS receptors, which helped explain the anti-QS activities of gliptins, particularly sitagliptin and omarigliptin. In conclusion, this study evaluates the possible antivirulence and anti-QS activities of gliptins that could be promising novel candidates for the treatment of aggressive Gram-negative or -positive bacterial infections either alone or as adjuvants to other antibiotics.
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25
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Khayat MT, Abbas HA, Ibrahim TS, Khayyat AN, Alharbi M, Darwish KM, Elhady SS, Khafagy ES, Safo MK, Hegazy WAH. Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of Gliptins against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Biomedicines 2022; 10:1169. [PMID: 35625906 PMCID: PMC9138634 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1203672activities 10.3390/biomedicines10051169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics constitutes an emerging public health issue. Promising approaches have been innovated to conquer bacterial resistance, and targeting bacterial virulence is one of these approaches. Bacterial virulence mitigation offers several merits, as antivirulence agents do not affect the growth of bacteria and hence do not induce bacteria to develop resistance. In this direction, numerous drugs have been repurposed as antivirulence agents prior to their clinical use alone or in combination with traditional antibiotics. Quorum sensing (QS) plays a key role in controlling bacterial virulence. In the current study, dipeptidase inhibitor-4 (DPI-4) antidiabetic gliptins were screened for their antivirulence and anti-quorum sensing (anti-QS) activities against Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Upon assessing their antibiofilm activities, the ten tested gliptins significantly diminished biofilm formation. In particular, sitagliptin exhibited the most efficient antibiofilm activity, so it was chosen as a representative of all gliptins to further investigate its antivirulence activity. Sitagliptin significantly protected mice from P. aeruginosa and S. aureus pathogenesis. Furthermore, sitagliptin downregulated QS-encoding genes in P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. To test the anti-QS activities of gliptins, a detailed molecular docking study was conducted to evaluate the gliptins' binding affinities to P. aeruginosa and S. aureus QS receptors, which helped explain the anti-QS activities of gliptins, particularly sitagliptin and omarigliptin. In conclusion, this study evaluates the possible antivirulence and anti-QS activities of gliptins that could be promising novel candidates for the treatment of aggressive Gram-negative or -positive bacterial infections either alone or as adjuvants to other antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maan T. Khayat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (T.S.I.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Hisham A. Abbas
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Tarek S. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (T.S.I.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Ahdab N. Khayyat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (T.S.I.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Majed Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (T.S.I.); (A.N.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Khaled M. Darwish
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Sameh S. Elhady
- Department of Natural Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41552, Egypt
| | - Martin K. Safo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, USA;
| | - Wael A. H. Hegazy
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Oman College of Health Sciences, Muscat 113, Oman
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26
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Yin L, Zhang Y, Azi F, Zhou J, Liu X, Dai Y, Wang Z, Dong M, Xia X. Inhibition of biofilm formation and quorum sensing by soy isoflavones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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27
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Lu X, Wang Y, Chen C, Feng Z, Huo Y, Zhou D. C12-HSL is an across-boundary signal molecule that could alleviate fungi Galactomyces's filamentation: A new mechanism on activated sludge bulking. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111823. [PMID: 34400160 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fungal bulking is caused by fungi excessive growth and morphological changes, resulting from the evolution toward fungi dominant activated sludge. Communication across fungi and bacteria boundary that mediated by bacterial signal molecules (SMs) probably is the central induce caused fungal bulking occurrence. In this work, it intended to identify the bacterial SM that affected fungal bulking, and verified its roles in regulate the spore germination and hyphal growth. We found C12-HSL concentration decreased significantly from 12.36 to 3.38 ng/g-VSS (P < 0.05) when fungal sludge bulking happened, and filamentous Galactomyces's relatively abundant was correlatively enriched. To test the effects of this SM, trace commercial C12-HSL was added to pure cultured Galactomyces, in which spore germination rates decreased by 20 % and hyphal extension inhibited by 15 %. Ras1-cAMP-PKA and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways of Galactomyces were responsible for signal C12-HSL transduction, which inhibited peroxisome biosynthesis, suppressed the biological activity of the actin cytoskeleton, and disrupted intercellular organelle transport. All these results showed C12-HSL was the functional SM that could suppress the development of fungal filamentous. This study provided a new insight into the sludge bulking mechanism from view of cross-kingdom communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lu
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Quality, Safety & Environmental Protection Department, Shanxi Road & Bridge Construction Group Co., Ltd, Taiyuan, 030000, China
| | - Congli Chen
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhixuan Feng
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yang Huo
- School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Dandan Zhou
- Jilin Engineering Lab for Water Pollution Control and Resources Recovery, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Vivero-Gomez RJ, Mesa GB, Higuita-Castro J, Robledo SM, Moreno-Herrera CX, Cadavid-Restrepo G. Detection of Quorum Sensing Signal Molecules, Particularly N-Acyl Homoserine Lactones, 2-Alky-4-Quinolones, and Diketopiperazines, in Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated From Insect Vector of Leishmaniasis. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.760228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are known to use a quorum sensing system to facilitate and stimulate cell to cell communication, mediated via regulation of specific genes. This system is further involved in the modulation of cell density and metabolic and physiological processes that putatively either affect the survival of insect vectors or the establishment of pathogens transmitted by them. The process of quorum sensing generally involves N-acyl homoserine lactones and 2-alkyl-4-quinolones signaling molecules. The present study aimed to detect and identify quorum sensing signaling molecules of AHLs and AHQs type that are secreted by intestinal bacteria, and link their production to their extracellular milieu and intracellular content. Isolates for assessment were obtained from the intestinal tract of Pintomyia evansi (Leishmania insect vector). AHLs and AHQs molecules were detected using chromatography (TLC) assays, with the aid of specific and sensitive biosensors. For identity confirmation, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used. TLC assays detected quorum sensing molecules (QSM) in the supernatant of the bacterial isolates and intracellular content. Interestingly, Pseudomonas otitidis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pantoea ananatis isolates showed a migration pattern similar to the synthetic molecule 3-oxo-C6-HSL (OHHL), which was used as a control. Enterobacter cancerogenus secreted C6-HSL, a related molecules to N-hexanoyl homoserine lactone (HHL), while Acinetobacter gyllenbergii exhibited a migration pattern similar to 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ) molecules. In comparison to this, 3-oxo-C12-HSL (OdDHL) type molecules were produced by Lysobacter soli, Pseudomonas putida, A. gyllenbergii, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, while Enterobacter cloacae produced molecules similar to 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4-quinolone (PQS). For Pseudomonas putida, Enterobacter aerogenes, P. ananatis, and Pseudomonas otitidis extracts, peak chromatograms with distinct retention times and areas, consistent with the molecules described in case of TLC, were obtained using HPLC. Importantly, P. ananatis produced a greater variety of high QSM concentration, and thus served as a reference for confirmation and identification by UHPLC-MRM-MS/MS. The molecules that were identified included N-hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone [HHL, C10H18NO3, (M + H)], N-(3-oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone [OHHL, C10H16NO4, (M + H)], N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone [OdDHL, C16H28NO4, (M + H)], and 2-heptyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone [PQS, C16H22NO2, (M + H)]. Besides this, the detection of diketopiperazines, namely L-Pro-L-Tyr and ΔAla-L-Val cyclopeptides was reported for P. ananatis. These molecules might be potentially associated with the regulation of QSM system, and might represent another small molecule-mediated bacterial sensing system. This study presents the first report regarding the detection and identification of QSM and diketopiperazines in the gut sand fly bacteria. The possible effect of QSM on the establishment of Leishmania must be explored to determine its role in the modulation of intestinal microbiome and the life cycle of Pi. evansi.
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Mohd Din ARJ, Suzuki K, Honjo M, Amano K, Nishimura T, Moriuchi R, Dohra H, Ishizawa H, Kimura M, Tashiro Y, Futamata H. Imbalance in Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism in Comamonas testosteroni R2 Is Caused by Negative Feedback and Rescued by L-arginine. Microbes Environ 2021; 36. [PMID: 34645730 PMCID: PMC8674442 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me21050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The collapse of Comamonas testosteroni R2 under chemostat conditions and the aerobic growth of strain R2 under batch conditions with phenol as the sole carbon source were investigated using physiological and transcriptomic techniques. Phenol-/catechol-degrading activities under chemostat conditions gradually decreased, suggesting that metabolites produced from strain R2 accumulated in the culture, which caused negative feedback. The competitive inhibition of phenol hydroxylase and catechol dioxygenase was observed in a crude extract of the supernatant collected from the collapsed culture. Transcriptomic analyses showed that genes related to nitrogen transport were up-regulated; the ammonium transporter amtB was up-regulated approximately 190-fold in the collapsed status, suggesting an increase in the concentration of ammonium in cells. The transcriptional levels of most of the genes related to gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and the TCA and urea cycles decreased by ~0.7-fold in the stable status, whereas the activities of glutamate synthase and glutamine synthetase increased by ~2-fold. These results suggest that ammonium was assimilated into glutamate and glutamine via 2-oxoglutarate under the limited supply of carbon skeletons, whereas the synthesis of other amino acids and nucleotides was repressed by 0.6-fold. Furthermore, negative feedback appeared to cause an imbalance between carbon and nitrogen metabolism, resulting in collapse. The effects of amino acids on negative feedback were investigated. L-arginine allowed strain R2 to grow normally, even under growth-inhibiting conditions, suggesting that the imbalance was corrected by the stimulation of the urea cycle, resulting in the rescue of strain R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abd Rahman Jabir Mohd Din
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.,Innovation Centre in Agritechnology for Advanced Bioprocess, UTM Pagoh Research Center
| | - Kenshi Suzuki
- Microbial Ecotechnology (Social Cooperation Laboratory), Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo
| | - Masahiro Honjo
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Koki Amano
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University
| | - Tomoka Nishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University
| | - Ryota Moriuchi
- Research Institution of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Hideo Dohra
- Research Institution of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Hidehiro Ishizawa
- Research Institution of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
| | - Motohiko Kimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University
| | - Yosuke Tashiro
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University
| | - Hiroyuki Futamata
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Shizuoka University.,Research Institution of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University
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30
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Sandri A, Haagensen JAJ, Veschetti L, Johansen HK, Molin S, Malerba G, Signoretto C, Boaretti M, Lleo MM. Adaptive Interactions of Achromobacter spp. with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Lung Co-Infection. Pathogens 2021; 10:978. [PMID: 34451442 PMCID: PMC8400197 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), the main pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often co-isolated with other microbes, likely engaging in inter-species interactions. In the case of chronic co-infections, this cohabitation can last for a long time and evolve over time, potentially contributing to the clinical outcome. Interactions involving the emerging pathogens Achromobacter spp. have only rarely been studied, reporting inhibition of P. aeruginosa biofilm formation. To evaluate the possible evolution of such interplay, we assessed the ability of Achromobacter spp. isolates to affect the biofilm formation of co-isolated P. aeruginosa strains during long-term chronic co-infections. We observed both competition and cohabitation. An Achromobacter sp. isolate secreted exoproducts interfering with the adhesion ability of a co-isolated P. aeruginosa strain and affected its biofilm formation. Conversely, a clonal Achromobacter sp. strain later isolated from the same patient, as well as two longitudinal strains from another patient, did not show similar competitive behavior against its P. aeruginosa co-isolates. Genetic variants supporting the higher virulence of the competitive Achromobacter sp. isolate were found in its genome. Our results confirm that both inter-species competition and cohabitation are represented during chronic co-infections in CF airways, and evolution of these interplays can happen even at the late stages of chronic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Sandri
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Microbiology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (C.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Janus Anders Juul Haagensen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (J.A.J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Laura Veschetti
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (G.M.)
| | - Helle Krogh Johansen
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Molin
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (J.A.J.H.); (S.M.)
| | - Giovanni Malerba
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.V.); (G.M.)
| | - Caterina Signoretto
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Microbiology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (C.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Marzia Boaretti
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Microbiology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (C.S.); (M.B.)
| | - Maria M. Lleo
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Section of Microbiology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.S.); (C.S.); (M.B.)
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31
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Nazik H, Sass G, Williams P, Déziel E, Stevens DA. Molecular Modifications of the Pseudomonas Quinolone Signal in the Intermicrobial Competition with Aspergillus. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050343. [PMID: 33925067 PMCID: PMC8146305 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) is an important quorum-sensing molecule for Pseudomonas aeruginosa that regulates virulence factors, chelates iron, and is an important factor in interactions with eukaryotes, including fungi and mammalian hosts. It was previously shown to inhibit or boost Aspergillus, depending on the milieu iron concentration. We studied several molecular modifications of the PQS molecule, and their effects on Aspergillus biofilm metabolism and growth in vitro, and the effects of iron supplementation. We found that most molecules inhibited Aspergillus at concentrations similar to that of PQS, but with relatively flat dose-responses, and all were less potent than PQS. The inhibition was reversible by iron, suggesting interference with fungal iron metabolism. Stimulation of Aspergillus was not noted. We conclude that the critical Aspergillus-inhibiting moeities of the PQS molecule were partially, but not completely, interfered with by molecular modifications at several sites on the PQS molecule. The mechanism, as with PQS, appears to relate to fungal iron metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Nazik
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriele Sass
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Paul Williams
- Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Eric Déziel
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique (INRS), Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada;
| | - David A. Stevens
- Infectious Diseases Research Laboratory, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (H.N.); (G.S.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-408-998-4554
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Menetrey Q, Sorlin P, Jumas-Bilak E, Chiron R, Dupont C, Marchandin H. Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: Emerging Pathogens Well-Armed for Life in the Cystic Fibrosis Patients' Lung. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:610. [PMID: 33919046 PMCID: PMC8142972 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), the lung is a remarkable ecological niche in which the microbiome is subjected to important selective pressures. An inexorable colonization by bacteria of both endogenous and environmental origin is observed in most patients, leading to a vicious cycle of infection-inflammation. In this context, long-term colonization together with competitive interactions among bacteria can lead to over-inflammation. While Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, the two pathogens most frequently identified in CF, have been largely studied for adaptation to the CF lung, in the last few years, there has been a growing interest in emerging pathogens of environmental origin, namely Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The aim of this review is to gather all the current knowledge on the major pathophysiological traits, their supporting mechanisms, regulation and evolutionary modifications involved in colonization, virulence, and competitive interactions with other members of the lung microbiota for these emerging pathogens, with all these mechanisms being major drivers of persistence in the CF lung. Currently available research on A. xylosoxidans complex and S. maltophilia shows that these emerging pathogens share important pathophysiological features with well-known CF pathogens, making them important members of the complex bacterial community living in the CF lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Menetrey
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Univ Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; (Q.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Pauline Sorlin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Univ Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; (Q.M.); (P.S.)
| | - Estelle Jumas-Bilak
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Department d’Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; (E.J.-B.); (C.D.)
| | - Raphaël Chiron
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose, CHU de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| | - Chloé Dupont
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Department d’Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; (E.J.-B.); (C.D.)
| | - Hélène Marchandin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Univ Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Nîmes, 34093 Nîmes, France
- UMR 5151 HydroSciences Montpellier, Equipe Pathogènes Hydriques Santé Environnements, U.F.R. des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Montpellier, 15, Avenue Charles Flahault, BP 14491, CEDEX 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
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Bouteiller M, Dupont C, Bourigault Y, Latour X, Barbey C, Konto-Ghiorghi Y, Merieau A. Pseudomonas Flagella: Generalities and Specificities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073337. [PMID: 33805191 PMCID: PMC8036289 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flagella-driven motility is an important trait for bacterial colonization and virulence. Flagella rotate and propel bacteria in liquid or semi-liquid media to ensure such bacterial fitness. Bacterial flagella are composed of three parts: a membrane complex, a flexible-hook, and a flagellin filament. The most widely studied models in terms of the flagellar apparatus are E. coli and Salmonella. However, there are many differences between these enteric bacteria and the bacteria of the Pseudomonas genus. Enteric bacteria possess peritrichous flagella, in contrast to Pseudomonads, which possess polar flagella. In addition, flagellar gene expression in Pseudomonas is under a four-tiered regulatory circuit, whereas enteric bacteria express flagellar genes in a three-step manner. Here, we use knowledge of E. coli and Salmonella flagella to describe the general properties of flagella and then focus on the specificities of Pseudomonas flagella. After a description of flagellar structure, which is highly conserved among Gram-negative bacteria, we focus on the steps of flagellar assembly that differ between enteric and polar-flagellated bacteria. In addition, we summarize generalities concerning the fuel used for the production and rotation of the flagellar macromolecular complex. The last part summarizes known regulatory pathways and potential links with the type-six secretion system (T6SS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Bouteiller
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Charly Dupont
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Yvann Bourigault
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Xavier Latour
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Corinne Barbey
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Yoan Konto-Ghiorghi
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Annabelle Merieau
- LMSM, Laboratoire de Microbiologie Signaux et Microenvironnement, EA 4312, Normandy University, Université de Rouen, 27000 Evreux, France; (M.B.); (C.D.); (Y.B.); (X.L.); (C.B.); (Y.K.-G.)
- SFR NORVEGE, Structure Fédérative de Recherche Normandie Végétale, FED 4277, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Correspondence:
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Camus L, Vandenesch F, Moreau K. From genotype to phenotype: adaptations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the cystic fibrosis environment. Microb Genom 2021; 7:mgen000513. [PMID: 33529147 PMCID: PMC8190622 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the main microbial species colonizing the lungs of cystic fibrosis patients and is responsible for the decline in respiratory function. Despite the hostile pulmonary environment, P. aeruginosa is able to establish chronic infections thanks to its strong adaptive capacity. Various longitudinal studies have attempted to compare the strains of early infection with the adapted strains of chronic infection. Thanks to new '-omics' techniques, convergent genetic mutations, as well as transcriptomic and proteomic dysregulations have been identified. As a consequence of this evolution, the adapted strains of P. aeruginosa have particular phenotypes that promote persistent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Camus
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon/Inserm U1111/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/CNRS UMR5308/ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
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Shahid I, Han J, Hardie D, Baig DN, Malik KA, Borchers CH, Mehnaz S. Profiling of antimicrobial metabolites of plant growth promoting Pseudomonas spp. isolated from different plant hosts. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:48. [PMID: 33489669 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, nine strains of Pseudomonas au rantiaca and P. chlororaphis, and two isolates of Pseudomonas sp.: At1RP4 and RS-1, were characterized for the in-vitro production of secondary metabolites in LB, DMB, and King's B media, and of the genes responsible for the production of antagonistic metabolites. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence, isolates At1RP4 and RS-1 were identified as strains of P. aeruginosa and P. fluorescens. Five phenazine derivatives comprising phenazine, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid (PCA), 2-hydroxyphenazine-1-carboxylic acid (2-OH-Phz-1-COOH), phenazine-1,6-dicarboxylic acid (Phz-1,6-di-COOH), and 2-hydroxyphenazine (2-OH-Phz) were produced by all strains in all three culture media including DMB, King's B and LB. However, 2,8-dihydroxyphenazine, 6-methylphenazine-1-carboxylic acid, pyrrolnitrin, and the ortho-dialkyl-aromatic acids, were produced by the P. aurantiaca and P. chlororaphis strains. In addition, all strains produced 2-acetamidophenol, pyochelin, and diketopiperazine derivatives in variable amounts in all three culture media used. Highest levels of quorum-sensing signal molecules including PQS, 2-Octyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-quinolone, and hexahydro-quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide were recorded for P. aeruginosa At1RP4. Moreover, all strains produced volatile hydrogen cyanide (0.95-6.68 µg/L) and the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (0.42-13.9 µM). Production of extracellular lipase and protease was recorded in all pseudomonads, whereas, cellulase production and phosphate solubilization were variable. Genes for hydrogen cyanide and phenazine-1-carboxylic acid were detected in all eleven strains while the gene for pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis was amplified in P. aurantiaca and P. chlororaphis strains. Comparative metabolomic analysis provided detailed insights about the strain-specific metabolites in pseudomonads, and their pseudo-relative quantification in different bacterial growth media to be used as single-strain biofertilizer and biocontrol inoculums. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-020-02585-8.
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Watanabe T. Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationship Study of Intervenolin, an Antitumor and Anti-Helicobacter pylori Quinolone Natural Product. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/rev-21-957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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37
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Extracellular products-mediated interspecific interaction between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. J Microbiol 2020; 59:29-40. [PMID: 33355890 DOI: 10.1007/s12275-021-0478-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Gram-negative pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa adopts several elaborate strategies to colonize a wide range of natural or clinical niches and to overcome the neighboring bacterial competitors in polymicrobial communities. However, the relationship and interaction mechanism of P. aeruginosa with other bacterial pathogens remains largely unexplored. Here we explore the interaction dynamics of P. aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, which frequently coinfect the lungs of immunocompromised hosts, by using a series of on-plate proximity assays and RNA-sequencing. We show that the extracellular products of P. aeruginosa can inhibit the growth of neighboring E. coli and induce a large-scale of transcriptional reprogramming of E. coli, especially in terms of cellular respiration-related primary metabolisms and membrane components. In contrast, the presence of E. coli has no significant effect on the growth of P. aeruginosa in short-term culture, but causes a dysregulated expression of genes positively controlled by the quorum-sensing (QS) system of P. aeruginosa during subsequent pairwise culture. We further demonstrate that the divergent QS-regulation of P. aeruginosa may be related to the function of the transcriptional regulator PqsR, which can be enhanced by E. coli culture supernatant to increase the pyocyanin production by P. aeruginosa in the absence of the central las-QS system. Moreover, the extracellular products of E. coli promote the proliferation and lethality of P. aeruginosa in infecting the Caenorhabditis elegans model. The current study provides a general characterization of the extracellular products-mediated interactions between P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and may facilitate the understanding of polymicrobial infections.
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Ramos AF, Woods DF, Shanahan R, Cano R, McGlacken GP, Serra C, O'Gara F, Reen FJ. A structure-function analysis of interspecies antagonism by the 2-heptyl-4-alkyl-quinolone signal molecule from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2020; 166:169-179. [PMID: 31860435 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the alkyl-quinolone molecular framework has already provided a rich source of bioactivity for the development of novel anti-infective compounds. Based on the quorum-sensing signalling molecules 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (PQS) from the nosocomial pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, modifications have been developed with markedly enhanced anti-biofilm bioactivity towards important fungal and bacterial pathogens, including Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus. Here we show that antibacterial activity of HHQ against Vibrionaceae is species-specific and it requires an exquisite level of structural fidelity within the alkyl-quinolone molecular framework. Antibacterial activity was demonstrated against the serious human pathogens Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio cholerae as well as a panel of bioluminescent squid symbiont Allivibrio fischeri isolates. In contrast, Vibrio parahaemolyticus growth and biofilm formation was unaffected in the presence of HHQ and all the structural variants tested. In general, modification to almost all of the molecule except the alkyl-chain end, led to loss of activity. This suggests that the bacteriostatic activity of HHQ requires the concerted action of the entire framework components. The only exception to this pattern was deuteration of HHQ at the C3 position. HHQ modified with a terminal alkene at the quinolone alkyl chain retained bacteriostatic activity and was also found to activate PqsR signalling comparable to the native agonist. The data from this integrated analysis provides novel insights into the structural flexibility underpinning the signalling activity of the complex alkyl-quinolone molecular communication system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Ramos
- CIIMAR, -Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental University of Porto, Porto Matosinhos, Portugal.,Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David F Woods
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rachel Shanahan
- School of Chemistry and Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rafael Cano
- School of Chemistry and Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Gerard P McGlacken
- SSPC, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, Ireland.,School of Chemistry and Analytical and Biological Chemistry Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Claudia Serra
- CIIMAR, -Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental University of Porto, Porto Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Fergal O'Gara
- BIOMERIT Research Centre, School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children's Hospital, PerthWA 6009, Australia.,SSPC, Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, Ireland.,School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, PerthWA, Australia
| | - F Jerry Reen
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Barreca M, Spanò V, Montalbano A, Cueto M, Díaz Marrero AR, Deniz I, Erdoğan A, Lukić Bilela L, Moulin C, Taffin-de-Givenchy E, Spriano F, Perale G, Mehiri M, Rotter A, P. Thomas O, Barraja P, Gaudêncio SP, Bertoni F. Marine Anticancer Agents: An Overview with a Particular Focus on Their Chemical Classes. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120619. [PMID: 33291602 PMCID: PMC7761941 DOI: 10.3390/md18120619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The marine environment is a rich source of biologically active molecules for the treatment of human diseases, especially cancer. The adaptation to unique environmental conditions led marine organisms to evolve different pathways than their terrestrial counterparts, thus producing unique chemicals with a broad diversity and complexity. So far, more than 36,000 compounds have been isolated from marine micro- and macro-organisms including but not limited to fungi, bacteria, microalgae, macroalgae, sponges, corals, mollusks and tunicates, with hundreds of new marine natural products (MNPs) being discovered every year. Marine-based pharmaceuticals have started to impact modern pharmacology and different anti-cancer drugs derived from marine compounds have been approved for clinical use, such as: cytarabine, vidarabine, nelarabine (prodrug of ara-G), fludarabine phosphate (pro-drug of ara-A), trabectedin, eribulin mesylate, brentuximab vedotin, polatuzumab vedotin, enfortumab vedotin, belantamab mafodotin, plitidepsin, and lurbinectedin. This review focuses on the bioactive molecules derived from the marine environment with anticancer activity, discussing their families, origin, structural features and therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilia Barreca
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (P.B.)
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| | - Virginia Spanò
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Alessandra Montalbano
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Mercedes Cueto
- Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), La Laguna, 38206 Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Ana R. Díaz Marrero
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (IUBO AG), Universidad de La Laguna (ULL), La Laguna, 38200 Tenerife, Spain;
| | - Irem Deniz
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University, 45119 Manisa, Turkey;
| | - Ayşegül Erdoğan
- Research Center for Testing and Analysis (EGE MATAL), Ege University Application, 35100 İzmir, Turkey;
| | - Lada Lukić Bilela
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina;
| | - Corentin Moulin
- Marine Natural Products Team, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France; (C.M.); (E.T.-d.-G.); (M.M.)
| | - Elisabeth Taffin-de-Givenchy
- Marine Natural Products Team, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France; (C.M.); (E.T.-d.-G.); (M.M.)
| | - Filippo Spriano
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| | - Giuseppe Perale
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohamed Mehiri
- Marine Natural Products Team, UMR 7272, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS, 06108 Nice, France; (C.M.); (E.T.-d.-G.); (M.M.)
| | - Ana Rotter
- Marine Biology Station Piran, National Institute of Biology, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Olivier P. Thomas
- Marine Biodiscovery Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway (NUI Galway), H91TK33 Galway, Ireland;
| | - Paola Barraja
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy; (M.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Susana P. Gaudêncio
- UCIBIO—Applied Biomolecular Sciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, Blue Biotechnology & Biomedicine Lab, Faculty of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.P.G.); (F.B.); Tel.: +351-21-2948300 (S.P.G.); +41-91-8200367 (F.B.)
| | - Francesco Bertoni
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Oncology Research, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (S.P.G.); (F.B.); Tel.: +351-21-2948300 (S.P.G.); +41-91-8200367 (F.B.)
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Bel Hadj Ahmed A, Salah Abbassi M, Rojo-Bezares B, Ruiz-Roldán L, Dhahri R, Mehri I, Sáenz Y, Hassen A. Characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various environmental niches: New STs and occurrence of antibiotic susceptible "high-risk clones". INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2020; 30:643-652. [PMID: 31094221 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2019.1616080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial phenotypes, major virulence factors, and the molecular typing of 66 P. aeruginosa isolates collected from various sources: human patients and hospital environment, raw milk, poultry meat, chicken/sheep fecal samples, wastewater, thermal water, and seawater. All isolates, except one, were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. exoA, lasB, rhlR, and lasR genes were harbored by 60 isolates. Forty-six, 18, and 2 isolates amplified exoS, exoU, and exoS+exoU genes, respectively. Twenty-one isolates showed high elastase and pigment production. The PFGE typing identified 26 pulsotypes. Some pulsotypes included isolates from different environmental niches and areas. Twelve selected isolates were typed by MLST and eight different STs were found, three of them were new. Our results highlighted the dissemination of some clones amongst different settings and the occurrence of antibiotic susceptible 'high-risk clones' that might be very harmful when acquiring genes encoding antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Bel Hadj Ahmed
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, Université de Tunis El Manar , Tunis, Tunisie
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE) , Soliman, Tunisie
| | - Mohamed Salah Abbassi
- Institut de la Recherche Vétérinaire de Tunisie, Université de Tunis El Manar , Tunis, Tunisie
- Faculté de médecine de Tunis, Université de Tunis El Manar , Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Beatriz Rojo-Bezares
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Lidia Ruiz-Roldán
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Rabii Dhahri
- Service de rééducation physique et réadaptation fonctionelle, Complexe Sanitaire de Jebel Ouest , Zaghouan, Tunisie
| | - Ines Mehri
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE) , Soliman, Tunisie
| | - Yolanda Sáenz
- Area de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja (CIBIR) , Logroño, Spain
| | - Abdennaceur Hassen
- Laboratoire de Traitement des Eaux Usées, Centre des Recherches et des Technologies des Eaux (CERTE) , Soliman, Tunisie
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41
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Irie Y, La Mensa A, Murina V, Hauryliuk V, Tenson T, Shingler V. Hfq-Assisted RsmA Regulation Is Central to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Polysaccharide PEL Expression. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:482585. [PMID: 33281751 PMCID: PMC7705225 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.482585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To appropriately switch between sessile and motile lifestyles, bacteria control expression of biofilm-associated genes through multiple regulatory elements. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the post-transcriptional regulator RsmA has been implicated in the control of various genes including those related to biofilms, but much of the evidence for these links is limited to transcriptomic and phenotypic studies. RsmA binds to target mRNAs to modulate translation by affecting ribosomal access and/or mRNA stability. Here, we trace a global regulatory role of RsmA to inhibition of the expression of Vfr—a transcription factor that inhibits transcriptional regulator FleQ. FleQ directly controls biofilm-associated genes that encode the PEL polysaccharide biosynthesis machinery. Furthermore, we show that RsmA alone cannot bind vfr mRNA but requires the assistance of RNA chaperone protein Hfq. This is the first example where a RsmA protein family member requires another protein for binding to its target RNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiko Irie
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Agnese La Mensa
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Victoriia Murina
- Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Vasili Hauryliuk
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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42
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Menetrey Q, Dupont C, Chiron R, Jumas-Bilak E, Marchandin H. High Occurrence of Bacterial Competition Among Clinically Documented Opportunistic Pathogens Including Achromobacter xylosoxidans in Cystic Fibrosis. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:558160. [PMID: 33013789 PMCID: PMC7513574 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.558160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) airways favor abnormal microbial development. Infections are considered as polymicrobial and competition can be observed between microorganisms. The current literature on bacterial competition in CF mostly consists of studies with limited numbers of strains, mainly focused on the major pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and does not give a comprehensive overview of the overall importance of bacterial interactions or the behavior of less often encountered emerging bacteria such as Achromobacter. In this context, we screened a panel of 39 strains from six CF patients, of either clinical or domestic environmental origin, distinguished according to genotype and belonging to four opportunistic pathogens, Pa (n = 15), Sa (n = 3), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Sm, n = 10) and Achromobacter xylosoxidans (Ax, n = 11). We investigated their capacity to compete in terms of growth, motility, and pigment production on agar media through 203 crossing experiments. Eleven strains selected via the initial screening results were further studied for competitive growth in liquid medium and biofilm formation. Competition was noted for 33% (67/203) of the pairs of strains with 85 modifications observed between monocultures and co-cultures, impacting growth (23.6%), motility (13.8%), and/or pigment production (6.1%). Under all conditions of the study (clinical, environmental strains; intra-, inter-patients; intra-, inter-species levels), competition was significantly more frequent among pairs of strains with at least one clinical strain. While Pa mainly outcompeted other species, in one patient with chronic colonization by Ax and sporadic colonization by Pa, we showed that some Ax inhibited the growth and pigmentation of Pa whereas biofilm formation was drastically reduced. Enlarging the panel of strains tested in competition assays gave new perspectives on the complex interactions taking place among the CF airway community. Indeed, the frequent occurrence of varied, strain-dependent interactions is revealed here. We report the first results of competition assays for Ax with the ability of certain strains to outcompete Pa. Our results are linked to the patient’s colonization history and question the importance of bacterial competitiveness in the colonization pattern of CF airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Menetrey
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Chloé Dupont
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France.,HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne Hospitalière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Raphaël Chiron
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France.,HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Estelle Jumas-Bilak
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France.,HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne Hospitalière, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Marchandin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France.,HydroSciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Département de Microbiologie, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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43
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Strain Background, Species Frequency, and Environmental Conditions Are Important in Determining Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Population Dynamics and Species Coexistence. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:AEM.00962-20. [PMID: 32651205 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00962-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial communities in the environment and in infections are typically diverse, yet we know little about the factors that determine interspecies interactions. Here, we apply concepts from ecological theory to understand how biotic and abiotic factors affect interaction patterns between the two opportunistic human pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, which often cooccur in polymicrobial infections. Specifically, we conducted a series of short- and long-term competition experiments between P. aeruginosa PAO1 (as our reference strain) and three different S. aureus strains (Cowan I, 6850, and JE2) at three starting frequencies and under three environmental (culturing) conditions. We found that the competitive ability of P. aeruginosa strongly depended on the strain background of S. aureus, whereby P. aeruginosa dominated against Cowan I and 6850 but not against JE2. In the latter case, both species could end up as winners depending on conditions. Specifically, we observed strong frequency-dependent fitness patterns, including positive frequency dependence, where P. aeruginosa could dominate JE2 only when common (not when rare). Finally, changes in environmental (culturing) conditions fundamentally altered the competitive balance between the two species in a way that P. aeruginosa dominance increased when moving from shaken to static environments. Altogether, our results highlight that ecological details can have profound effects on the competitive dynamics between coinfecting pathogens and determine whether two species can coexist or invade each others' populations from a state of rare frequency. Moreover, our findings might parallel certain dynamics observed in chronic polymicrobial infections.IMPORTANCE Bacterial infections are frequently caused by more than one species, and such polymicrobial infections are often considered more virulent and more difficult to treat than the respective monospecies infections. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are among the most important pathogens in polymicrobial infections, and their cooccurrence is linked to worse disease outcome. There is great interest in understanding how these two species interact and what the consequences for the host are. While previous studies have mainly looked at molecular mechanisms implicated in interactions between P. aeruginosa and S. aureus, here we show that ecological factors, such as strain background, species frequency, and environmental conditions, are important elements determining population dynamics and species coexistence patterns. We propose that the uncovered principles also play major roles in infections and, therefore, proclaim that an integrative approach combining molecular and ecological aspects is required to fully understand polymicrobial infections.
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Camus L, Briaud P, Bastien S, Elsen S, Doléans-Jordheim A, Vandenesch F, Moreau K. Trophic cooperation promotes bacterial survival of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ISME JOURNAL 2020; 14:3093-3105. [PMID: 32814867 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-00741-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the context of infection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus are frequently co-isolated, particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Within lungs, the two pathogens exhibit a range of competitive and coexisting interactions. In the present study, we explored the impact of S. aureus on the physiology of P. aeruginosa in the context of coexistence. Transcriptomic analyses showed that S. aureus significantly and specifically affects the expression of numerous genes involved in P. aeruginosa carbon and amino acid metabolism. In particular, 65% of the strains presented considerable overexpression of the genes involved in the acetoin catabolic (aco) pathway. We demonstrated that acetoin is (i) produced by clinical S. aureus strains, (ii) detected in sputa from CF patients and (iii) involved in P. aeruginosa's aco system induction. Furthermore, acetoin is catabolized by P. aeruginosa, a metabolic process that improves the survival of both pathogens by providing a new carbon source for P. aeruginosa and avoiding the toxic accumulation of acetoin on S. aureus. Due to its beneficial effects on both bacteria, acetoin catabolism could testify to the establishment of trophic cooperation between S. aureus and P. aeruginosa in the CF lung environment, thus promoting their persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Camus
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Paul Briaud
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvère Bastien
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sylvie Elsen
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS ERL5261, CEA-IRIG-BCI, INSERM UMR1036, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne Doléans-Jordheim
- Institut des agents infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Bactéries Pathogènes Opportunistes et Environnement, UMR CNRS 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, Université Lyon 1 and VetAgro Sup, Villeurbanne, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Institut des agents infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.,Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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45
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Nazik H, Sass G, Déziel E, Stevens DA. Aspergillus Is Inhibited by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Volatiles. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6030118. [PMID: 32722412 PMCID: PMC7557479 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) and Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) compete with each other for nutrients and survival in natural environments, and have been extensively studied because of their intermicrobial interactions in the human microbiome. These are the principal microbes infecting immunocompromised patients and persons with cystic fibrosis, particularly the airways. These intermicrobial studies have largely been conducted in liquid medium or on agar, and thus focus on soluble or diffusible microbial products. Several key inhibitory molecules were defined in such studies. Methods: in the present report, we examine several methodologies which can be conveniently used to study the interaction of microbial volatiles, including capture methods and kinetics. Results: Pa volatiles inhibit Af, and the inhibitory mechanism appears to be the incorporation of the inhibitory molecules into the substrate nourishing the Af, rather than directly onto Af structures. We define by mass spectroscopy some specific volatile Pa products that can inhibit Af. Some of these molecules are selected for interest by the study of gene deletion mutants, producing a few Pa strains that were impaired in inhibition. We presumed the volatiles of these latter strains could be excluded from the search for inhibitors. Conclusion: the Pa inhibition of Af via a gaseous phase could be critical components in their competition, particularly in airways, where more direct contact may not be extensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Nazik
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriele Sass
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (H.N.); (G.S.)
| | - Eric Déziel
- Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, QC H7V 1B7, Canada;
| | - David A. Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (H.N.); (G.S.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-408-998-4554
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46
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A Multi-Scale Approach to Investigate Adhesion Properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 to Geotrichum candidum LG-8, a Potential Probiotic Yeast. Foods 2020; 9:foods9070912. [PMID: 32664462 PMCID: PMC7405016 DOI: 10.3390/foods9070912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 adhesion to Geotrichum candidum LG-8 cells in variable pH and salt conditions. The primary mechanism was revealed by multi-scale microscopy technics. The adhesion of PAO1 to the living fungus occurred within 1 h and was limited at concentrations of bile salts higher than 0.5%. The adhesion efficiency gradually increased to 58.1% with the pH increasing from 2.0 to 7.0 and then decreased to 48.2% at pH 9.0. However, the dead LG-8 has an advantage over the living ones to adhere PAO1 in same pH and bile salt conditions. Optical microscopy showed that both unsterilized and sterilized G. candidum LG-8 cells removed approximately one hundred fold bacteria in 4 h. Laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) analysis indicated that polysaccharides of the fungus contributed to adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis proved that syrup-like EPS (extracellular polymeric substances) of LG-8 coating PAO1 was in part a mechanism. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed roughness of the LG-8 surface changed in the adhesion process. Furthermore, a pedestal-like structure of bacteria was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, indicating that the bacteria were also actively involved in the adhesion process. G. candidum LG-8 is a potential candidate for the control of P. aeruginosa PAO1 in the food industry and immunodeficiency patients.
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47
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Vandeplassche E, Sass A, Ostyn L, Burmølle M, Kragh KN, Bjarnsholt T, Coenye T, Crabbé A. Antibiotic susceptibility of cystic fibrosis lung microbiome members in a multispecies biofilm. Biofilm 2020; 2:100031. [PMID: 33447816 PMCID: PMC7798459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2020.100031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lungs of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are often chronically colonized by multiple microbial species that can form biofilms, including the major CF pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Herewith, lower microbial diversity in CF airways is typically associated with worse health outcomes. In an attempt to treat CF lung infections patients are frequently exposed to antibiotics, which may affect microbial diversity. This study aimed at understanding if common antibiotics that target P. aeruginosa influence microbial diversity. To this end, a microaerophilic multispecies biofilm model of frequently co-isolated members of the CF lung microbiome (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus anginosus, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Gemella haemolysans) was exposed to antipseudomonal antibiotics. We found that antibiotics that affected several dominant species (i.e. ceftazidime, tobramycin) resulted in higher species evenness compared to colistin, which is only active against P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, susceptibility of individual species in the multispecies biofilm following antibiotic treatment was compared to that of the respective single-species biofilms, showing no differences. Adding three anaerobic species (Prevotella melaninogenica, Veillonella parvula, and Fusobacterium nucleatum) to the multispecies biofilm did not influence antibiotic susceptibility. In conclusion, our study demonstrates antibiotic-dependent effects on microbial community diversity of multispecies biofilms comprised of CF microbiome members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vandeplassche
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Andrea Sass
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Lisa Ostyn
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Department of Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper Nørskov Kragh
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Bjarnsholt
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Denmark
| | - Tom Coenye
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Aurélie Crabbé
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ghent University, Belgium
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48
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Chatterjee P, Sass G, Swietnicki W, Stevens DA. Review of Potential Pseudomonas Weaponry, Relevant to the Pseudomonas-Aspergillus Interplay, for the Mycology Community. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6020081. [PMID: 32517271 PMCID: PMC7345761 DOI: 10.3390/jof6020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most prominent opportunistic bacteria in airways of cystic fibrosis patients and in immunocompromised patients. These bacteria share the same polymicrobial niche with other microbes, such as the opportunistic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Their inter-kingdom interactions and diverse exchange of secreted metabolites are responsible for how they both fare in competition for ecological niches. The outcomes of their contests likely determine persistent damage and degeneration of lung function. With a myriad of virulence factors and metabolites of promising antifungal activity, P. aeruginosa products or their derivatives may prove useful in prophylaxis and therapy against A. fumigatus. Quorum sensing underlies the primary virulence strategy of P. aeruginosa, which serves as cell–cell communication and ultimately leads to the production of multiple virulence factors. Understanding the quorum-sensing-related pathogenic mechanisms of P. aeruginosa is a first step for understanding intermicrobial competition. In this review, we provide a basic overview of some of the central virulence factors of P. aeruginosa that are regulated by quorum-sensing response pathways and briefly discuss the hitherto known antifungal properties of these virulence factors. This review also addresses the role of the bacterial secretion machinery regarding virulence factor secretion and maintenance of cell–cell communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulami Chatterjee
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (P.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Gabriele Sass
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (P.C.); (G.S.)
| | - Wieslaw Swietnicki
- Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 50-114 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - David A. Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (P.C.); (G.S.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-408-998-4554
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49
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Yang N, Cao Q, Hu S, Xu C, Fan K, Chen F, Yang C, Liang H, Wu M, Bae T, Lan L. Alteration of protein homeostasis mediates the interaction of
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
with
Staphylococcus aureus. Mol Microbiol 2020; 114:423-442. [DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nana Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Qiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- College of Life Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Shuyang Hu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Chenchen Xu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Ke Fan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Feifei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- College of Life Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Cai‐Guang Yang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Haihua Liang
- College of Life Science Northwest University Xi'an China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks ND USA
| | - Taeok Bae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology Indiana University School of Medicine‐Northwest Gary IN USA
| | - Lefu Lan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- College of Life Science Northwest University Xi'an China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Testing Technology of Pharmaceutical Microbiology Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control Shanghai China
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50
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Acosta N, Waddell B, Heirali A, Somayaji R, Surette MG, Workentine ML, Rabin HR, Parkins MD. Cystic Fibrosis Patients Infected With Epidemic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Have Unique Microbial Communities. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:173. [PMID: 32426295 PMCID: PMC7212370 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the archetypal cystic fibrosis (CF) pathogen. However, the clinical course experienced by infected individuals varies markedly. Understanding these differences is imperative if further improvements in outcomes are to be achieved. Multiple studies have found that patients infected with epidemic P. aeruginosa (ePA) strains may have a worse clinical prognosis than those infected with unique, non-clonal strains. Additionally, the traditionally uncultured CF lung bacterial community (i.e., CF microbiome) may further influence the outcome. We sought to identify if these two important variables, not identified through routine culture, associate and together may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Patients were classified as being infected with Prairie Epidemic ePA (PES) or a non-clonal strain, unique PA strains (uPA), through a retrospective assessment of a comprehensive strain biobank using a combination of PFGE and PES-specific PCR. Patients were matched to age, sex, time-period controls and sputum samples from equivalent time periods were identified from a sputum biobank. Bacterial 16S rRNA gene profiling and Pseudomonas qPCR was used to characterize the respiratory microbiome. We identified 31 patients infected with PES and matched them with uPA controls. Patients infected with PES at baseline have lower microbial diversity (P = 0.02) and higher P. aeruginosa relative abundance (P < 0.005). Microbial community structure was found to cluster by PA strain type, although it was not the main determinant of community structure as additional factors were also found to be drivers of CF community structure. Communities from PES infected individuals were enriched with Pseudomonas, Streptococcus and Prevotella OTUs. The disproportionate disease experienced by ePA infected CF patients may be mediated through a combination of pathogen-pathogen factors as opposed to strictly enhanced virulence of infecting P. aeruginosa strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Acosta
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Barbara Waddell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Alya Heirali
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ranjani Somayaji
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael G Surette
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Departments of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Harvey R Rabin
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael D Parkins
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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