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Martinez-Morata I, Parvez F, Wu H, Eunus M, Goldsmith J, Ilievski V, Slavkovich V, Balac O, Izuchukwu C, Glabonjat RA, Ellis T, Nasir Uddin M, Islam T, Sadat Arif A, van Geen A, Navas-Acien A, Graziano JH, Gamble MV. Influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 supplementation on arsenic methylation: A double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in Bangladeshi children. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108715. [PMID: 38728816 PMCID: PMC11316459 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic is metabolized to monomethyl- (MMAs) and dimethyl- (DMAs) species via one-carbon metabolism (OCM); this facilitates urinary arsenic elimination. OCM is influenced by folate and vitamin B12 and previous randomized control trials (RCTs) showed that folic acid (FA) supplementation increases arsenic methylation in adults. This RCT investigated the effects of FA + B12 supplementation on arsenic methylation in children, a key developmental stage where OCM supports growth. METHODS A total of 240 participants (8-11 years, 53 % female) drinking from wells with arsenic concentrations > 50 μg/L, were encouraged to switch to low arsenic wells and were randomized to receive 400 μg FA + 5 μg B12 or placebo daily for 12-weeks. Urine and blood samples were collected at baseline, week 1 (only urine) and week 12. Generalized estimated equation (GEE) models were used to assess treatment effects on arsenic species in blood and urine. RESULTS At baseline, the mean ± SD total blood and urinary arsenic were 5.3 ± 2.9 μg/L and 91.2 ± 89.5 μg/L. Overall, total blood and urine arsenic decreased by 11.7% and 17.6%, respectively, at the end of follow up. Compared to placebo, the supplementation group experienced a significant increase in the concentration of blood DMAs by 14.0% (95% CI 5.0, 25.0) and blood secondary methylation index (DMAs/MMAs) by 0.19 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.35) at 12 weeks. Similarly, there was a 1.62% (95% CI: 0.43, 20.83) significantly higher urinary %DMAs and -1.10% (95% CI: -1.73, -0.48) significantly lower urinary %MMAs in the supplementatio group compared to the placebo group after 1 week. The direction of the changes in the urinary %iAs, %MMAs, and %DMAs at week 12 were consistent with those at week 1, though estimates were not significant. Treatment effects were stronger among participants with higher baseline blood arsenic concentrations. Results were consistent across males and females, and participants with higher and lower folate and B12 status at baseline. CONCLUSION This RCT confirms that FA + B12 supplementation increases arsenic methylation in children as reflected by decreased MMAs and increased DMAs in blood and urine. Nutritional interventions may improve arsenic methylation and elimination in children, potentially reducing arsenic toxicity while also improving nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Martinez-Morata
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Haotian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Mahbubul Eunus
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Jeff Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Vesna Ilievski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Vesna Slavkovich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Olgica Balac
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Chiugo Izuchukwu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Ronald A Glabonjat
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Tyler Ellis
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, NY, USA; Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, St. Paul, MN, USA
| | - Mohammad Nasir Uddin
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anwar Sadat Arif
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, NY, USA.
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Albekairi TH, Alanazi MM, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Al-Mazroua HA, Aldossari AA, Almanaa TN, Alwetaid MY, Alqinyah M, Alnefaie HO, Ahmad SF. Cadmium exposure exacerbates immunological abnormalities in a BTBR T + Itpr3 tf/J autistic mouse model by upregulating inflammatory mediators in CD45R-expressing cells. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 386:578253. [PMID: 38064869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental illness characterized by behavior, learning, communication, and social interaction abnormalities in various situations. Individuals with impairments usually exhibit restricted and repetitive actions. The actual cause of ASD is yet unknown. It is believed, however, that a mix of genetic and environmental factors may play a role in its development. Certain metals have been linked to the development of neurological diseases, and the prevalence of ASD has shown a positive association with industrialization. Cadmium chloride (Cd) is a neurotoxic chemical linked to cognitive impairment, tremors, and neurodegenerative diseases. The BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) inbred mice are generally used as a model for ASD and display a range of autistic phenotypes. We looked at how Cd exposure affected the signaling of inflammatory mediators in CD45R-expressing cells in the BTBR mouse model of ASD. In this study, we looked at how Cd affected the expression of numerous markers in the spleen, including IFN-γ, IL-6, NF-κB p65, GM-CSF, iNOS, MCP-1, and Notch1. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of Cd exposure on the expression levels of numerous mRNA molecules in brain tissue, including IFN-γ, IL-6, NF-κB p65, GM-CSF, iNOS, MCP-1, and Notch1. The RT-PCR technique was used for this analysis. Cd exposure increased the number of CD45R+IFN-γ+, CD45R+IL-6+, CD45R+NF-κB p65+, CD45R+GM-CSF+, CD45R+GM-CSF+, CD45R+iNOS+, and CD45R+Notch1+ cells in the spleen of BTBR mice. Cd treatment also enhanced mRNA expression in brain tissue for IFN-γ, IL-6, NF-κB, GM-CSF, iNOS, MCP-1, and Notch1. In general, Cd increases the signaling of inflammatory mediators in BTBR mice. This study is the first to show that Cd exposure causes immune function dysregulation in the BTBR ASD mouse model. As a result, our study supports the role of Cd exposure in the development of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamer H Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A Al-Mazroua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taghreed N Almanaa
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alwetaid
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alqinyah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajar O Alnefaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Hong H, Qian L, Wu S, Ruan L, Li H, Su M, Zhang B, Liu J, Yan C, Lu H. Centennial-scale source shift in potentially toxic metal(loid)s in Yangtze River. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132526. [PMID: 37741208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine sedimentation is an important historical record of potentially toxic metal (PTM) emissions from human activities that can be used to improve environmental management. However, the contribution of different human activities to PTM deposition has not been accurately estimated, and their coupled relationship with riverine organic matter is typically not considered. In this study, we reconstruct the century-scale PTM depositional history of sediment cores from the Yangtze Grand Delta. Eight potential metal sources (PMSs) were identified using positive matrix factorization, and the results of lagged correlation determined the PMSs associated with the riverine discharge of the Yangtze River. Riverine PTMs were predominantly composed of Cr (79.0%), Ni (77.3%), and Pb (64.1%) but were deprived in Cu (34.9%). Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP), which is a typical terrestrial refractory carbon, has a strong affinity for Cu, and contributed to 2.82-22.6% Cu deposition. The change in the PMS is mainly related to power generation, whereas the GRSP-bound PTM is mainly related to road construction and transportation. We advocate for responsible management of human activities in river catchments, particularly on coal-based power generation and road transportation, to maintain ecological security and promote the overall achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Hong
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Lu Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shengjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; College of Oceanography, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Liyang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Hanyi Li
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Manling Su
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Binghuang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Chongling Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Haoliang Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
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Alanazi MM, Ansari MA, Nadeem A, Attia SM, Bakheet SA, Al-Mazroua HA, Aldossari AA, Almutairi MM, Albekairi TH, Hussein MH, Al-Hamamah MA, Ahmad SF. Cadmium Exposure Is Associated with Behavioral Deficits and Neuroimmune Dysfunction in BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076575. [PMID: 37047547 PMCID: PMC10095149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurobehavioral disabilities characterized by impaired social interactions, poor communication skills, and restrictive/repetitive behaviors. Cadmium is a common heavy metal implicated in ASD. In this study, we investigated the effects of Cd exposure on BTBR T+ Itpr3tf/J (BTBR) mice, an ASD model. We looked for changes in repetitive behaviors and sociability through experiments. We also explored the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of Cd exposure, focusing on proinflammatory cytokines and pathways. Flow cytometry measured IL-17A-, IL-17F-, IL-21-, TNF-α-, STAT3-, and RORγt-expressing CD4+ T cells from the spleens of experimental mice. We then used RT-PCR to analyze IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-21, TNF-α, STAT3, and RORγ mRNA expression in the brain. The results of behavioral experiments showed that Cd exposure significantly increased self-grooming and marble-burying in BTBR mice while decreasing social interactions. Cd exposure also significantly increased the number of CD4+IL-17A+, CD4+IL-17F+, CD4+IL-21+, CD4+TNF-α+, CD4+STAT3+, and CD4+RORγt+ cells, while upregulating the mRNA expression of the six molecules in the brain. Overall, our results suggest that oral exposure to Cd aggravates behavioral and immune abnormalities in an ASD animal model. These findings have important implications for ASD etiology and provide further evidence of heavy metals contributing to neurodevelopmental disorders through proinflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mushtaq A. Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabry M. Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Bakheet
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haneen A. Al-Mazroua
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Aldossari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Almutairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer H. Albekairi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa H. Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Hamamah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sheikh F. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Zhang Y, Xing H, Hu Z, Xu W, Tang Y, Zhang J, Niu Q. Independent and combined associations of urinary arsenic exposure and serum sex steroid hormones among 6-19-year old children and adolescents in NHANES 2013-2016. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160883. [PMID: 36526194 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure may disrupt sex steroid hormones, causing endocrine disruption. However, human evidence is limited and inconsistent, especially for children and adolescents. To evaluate the independent and combined associations between arsenic exposure and serum sex steroid hormones in children and adolescents, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from 1063 participants aged 6 to 19 years from the 2013-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Three urine arsenic metabolites were examined, as well as three serum sex steroid hormones, estradiol (E2), total testosterone (TT), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). The ratio of TT to E2 (TT/E2) and the free androgen index (FAI) generated by TT/SHBG were also assessed. Linear regression, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to evaluate the associations of individual or arsenic metabolite combinations with sex steroid hormones by gender and age stratification. Positive associations were found between total arsenic and arsenic metabolites with TT, E2, and FAI. In contrast, negative associations were found between arsenic metabolites and SHBG. Furthermore, there was an interaction after gender-age stratification between DMA and SHBG in female adolescents. Notably, based on the WQS and BKMR model results, the combined association of arsenic and its metabolites was positively associated with TT, E2, and FAI and negatively associated with SHBG. Moreover, DMA and MMA dominated the highest weights among the arsenic metabolites. Overall, our results indicate that exposure to arsenic, either alone or in mixtures, may alter sex steroid hormone levels in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanli Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Hengrui Xing
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Zeyu Hu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjing Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Yanling Tang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Niu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China; NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases (First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University), People's Republic of China.
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Urine Dilution Correction Methods Utilizing Urine Creatinine or Specific Gravity in Arsenic Analyses: Comparisons to Blood and Water Arsenic in the FACT and FOX Studies in Bangladesh. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14091477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Urinary As (uAs) is a biomarker of As exposure. Urinary creatinine (uCr) or specific gravity (SG) are used to correct uAs for urine dilution. However, uCr is correlated with As methylation, whereas SG has limitations in individuals with kidney damage. We aimed to evaluate which urine dilution correction methods for uAs most accurately predicted blood As (bAs). We used data from the Folic Acid and Creatine Trial (FACT; N = 541) and Folate and Oxidative Stress (FOX; N = 343) study in Bangladesh. Three linear regression models were assessed using uAs (1) adjusted for uCr or SG as separate covariates, (2) standardized for uCr or SG, i.e., uAs/uCr, and (3) adjusted for residual corrected uCr or SG following adjustment for age, sex and BMI. Median uAs/bAs for FACT and FOX were 114/8.4 and 140/12.3 µg/L. In FACT, two-fold increases in uAs adjusted for uCr or SG were related to 34% and 22% increases in bAs, respectively, with similar patterns in FOX. Across methods, models with uCr consistently had lower AIC values than SG. The uAs associations with bAs were stronger after adjustment for uCr vs. SG. Decisions regarding urine dilution methods should consider whether the study outcomes are influenced by factors such as methylation or medical conditions.
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Chakraborty A, Ghosh S, Biswas B, Pramanik S, Nriagu J, Bhowmick S. Epigenetic modifications from arsenic exposure: A comprehensive review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:151218. [PMID: 34717984 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a notorious element with the potential to harm exposed individuals in ways that include cancerous and non-cancerous health complications. Millions of people across the globe (especially in South and Southeast Asian countries including China, Vietnam, India and Bangladesh) are currently being unknowingly exposed to precarious levels of arsenic. Among the diverse effects associated with such arsenic levels of exposure is the propensity to alter the epigenome. Although a large volume of literature exists on arsenic-induced genotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and inter-individual susceptibility due to active research on these subject areas from the last millennial, it is only recently that attention has turned on the ramifications and mechanisms of arsenic-induced epigenetic changes. The present review summarizes the possible mechanisms involved in arsenic induced epigenetic alterations. It focuses on the mechanisms underlying epigenome reprogramming from arsenic exposure that result in improper cell signaling and dysfunction of various epigenetic components. The mechanistic information articulated from the review is used to propose a number of novel therapeutic strategies with a potential for ameliorating the burden of worldwide arsenic poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Chakraborty
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Soma Ghosh
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Bratisha Biswas
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Sreemanta Pramanik
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Jerome Nriagu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA
| | - Subhamoy Bhowmick
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Rehman MYA, Briedé JJ, van Herwijnen M, Krauskopf J, Jennen DGJ, Malik RN, Kleinjans JCS. Integrating SNPs-based genetic risk factor with blood epigenomic response of differentially arsenic-exposed rural subjects reveals disease-associated signaling pathways. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118279. [PMID: 34619179 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination in groundwater is responsible for numerous adverse health outcomes among millions of people. Epigenetic alterations are among the most widely studied mechanisms of As toxicity. To understand how As exposure alters gene expression through epigenetic modifications, a systematic genome-wide study was designed to address the impact of multiple important single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to As exposure on the methylome of drinking water As-exposed rural subjects from Pakistan. Urinary As levels were used to stratify subjects into low, medium and high exposure groups. Genome-wide DNA methylation was investigated using MeDIP in combination with NimbleGen 2.1 M Deluxe Promotor arrays. Transcriptome levels were measured using Agilent 8 × 60 K expression arrays. Genotyping of selected SNPs (As3MT, DNMT1a, ERCC2, EGFR and MTHFR) was measured and an integrated genetic risk factor for each respondent was calculated by assigning a specific value to the measured genotypes based on known risk allele numbers. To select a representative model related to As exposure we compared 9 linear mixed models comprising of model 1 (including the genetic risk factor), model 2 (without the genetic risk factor) and models with individual SNPs incorporated into the methylome data. Pathway analysis was performed using ConsensusPathDB. Model 1 comprising the integrated genetic risk factor disclosed biochemical pathways including muscle contraction, cardio-vascular diseases, ATR signaling, GPCR signaling, methionine metabolism and chromatin modification in association with hypo- and hyper-methylated gene targets. A unique pathway (direct P53 effector) was found associated with the individual DNMT1a polymorphism due to hyper-methylation of CSE1L and TRRAP. Most importantly, we provide here the first evidence of As-associated DNA methylation in relation with gene expression of ATR, ATF7IP, TPM3, UBE2J2. We report the first evidence that integrating SNPs data with methylome data generates a more representative epigenome profile and discloses a better insight in disease risks of As-exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasir Abdur Rehman
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jacco Jan Briedé
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.
| | - Marcel van Herwijnen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Julian Krauskopf
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Danyel G J Jennen
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Health Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jos C S Kleinjans
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
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Bae S, Kamynina E, Guetterman HM, Farinola AF, Caudill MA, Berry RJ, Cassano PA, Stover PJ. Provision of folic acid for reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021; 10:CD012649. [PMID: 34661903 PMCID: PMC8522704 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012649.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arsenic is a common environmental toxin. Exposure to arsenic (particularly its inorganic form) through contaminated food and drinking water is an important public health burden worldwide, and is associated with increased risk of neurotoxicity, congenital anomalies, cancer, and adverse neurodevelopment in children. Arsenic is excreted following methylation reactions, which are mediated by folate. Provision of folate through folic acid supplements could facilitate arsenic methylation and excretion, thereby reducing arsenic toxicity. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of provision of folic acid (through fortified foods or supplements), alone or in combination with other nutrients, in lessening the burden of arsenic-related health outcomes and reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed populations. SEARCH METHODS In September 2020, we searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, 10 other international databases, nine regional databases, and two trials registers. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs comparing the provision of folic acid (at any dose or duration), alone or in combination with other nutrients or nutrient supplements, with no intervention, placebo, unfortified food, or the same nutrient or supplements without folic acid, in arsenic-exposed populations of all ages and genders. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. MAIN RESULTS We included two RCTs with 822 adults exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water in Bangladesh. The RCTs compared 400 µg/d (FA400) or 800 µg/d (FA800) folic acid supplements, given for 12 or 24 weeks, with placebo. One RCT, a multi-armed trial, compared FA400 plus creatine (3 g/d) to creatine alone. We judged both RCTs at low risk of bias in all domains. Due to differences in co-intervention, arsenic exposure, and participants' nutritional status, we could not conduct meta-analyses, and therefore, provide a narrative description of the data. Neither RCT reported on cancer, all-cause mortality, neurocognitive function, or congenital anomalies. Folic acid supplements alone versus placebo Blood arsenic. In arsenic-exposed individuals, FA likely reduces blood arsenic concentrations compared to placebo (2 studies, 536 participants; moderate-certainty evidence). For folate-deficient and folate-replete participants who received arsenic-removal water filters as a co-intervention, FA800 reduced blood arsenic levels more than placebo (percentage change (%change) in geometric mean (GM) FA800 -17.8%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) -25.0 to -9.8; placebo GM -9.5%, 95% CI -16.5 to -1.8; 1 study, 406 participants). In one study with 130 participants with low baseline plasma folate, FA400 reduced total blood arsenic (%change FA400 mean (M) -13.62%, standard error (SE) ± 2.87; placebo M -2.49%, SE ± 3.25), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) concentrations (%change FA400 M -22.24%, SE ± 2.86; placebo M -1.24%, SE ± 3.59) more than placebo. Inorganic arsenic (InAs) concentrations reduced in both groups (%change FA400 M -18.54%, SE ± 3.60; placebo M -10.61%, SE ± 3.38). There was little to no change in dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in either group. Urinary arsenic. In arsenic-exposed individuals, FA likely reduces the proportion of total urinary arsenic excreted as InAs (%InAs) and MMA (%MMA) and increases the proportion excreted as DMA (%DMA) to a greater extent than placebo (2 studies, 546 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), suggesting that FA enhances arsenic methylation. In a mixed folate-deficient and folate-replete population (1 study, 352 participants) receiving arsenic-removal water filters as a co-intervention, groups receiving FA had a greater decrease in %InAs (within-person change FA400 M -0.09%, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.01; FA800 M -0.14%, 95% CI -0.21 to -0.06; placebo M 0.05%, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.10), a greater decrease in %MMA (within-person change FA400 M -1.80%, 95% CI -2.53 to -1.07; FA800 M -2.60%, 95% CI -3.35 to -1.85; placebo M 0.15%, 95% CI -0.37 to 0.68), and a greater increase in %DMA (within-person change FA400 M 3.25%, 95% CI 1.81 to 4.68; FA800 M 4.57%, 95% CI 3.20 to 5.95; placebo M -1.17%, 95% CI -2.18 to -0.17), compared to placebo. In 194 participants with low baseline plasma folate, FA reduced %InAs (%change FA400 M -0.31%, SE ± 0.04; placebo M -0.13%, SE ± 0.04) and %MMA (%change FA400 M -2.6%, SE ± 0.37; placebo M -0.71%, SE ± 0.43), and increased %DMA (%change FA400 M 5.9%, SE ± 0.82; placebo M 2.14%, SE ± 0.71), more than placebo. Plasma homocysteine: In arsenic-exposed individuals, FA400 likely reduces homocysteine concentrations to a greater extent than placebo (2 studies, 448 participants; moderate-certainty evidence), in the mixed folate-deficient and folate-replete population receiving arsenic-removal water filters as a co-intervention (%change in GM FA400 -23.4%, 95% CI -27.1 to -19.5; placebo -1.3%, 95% CI -5.3 to 3.1; 1 study, 254 participants), and participants with low baseline plasma folate (within-person change FA400 M -3.06 µmol/L, SE ± 3.51; placebo M -0.05 µmol/L, SE ± 4.31; 1 study, 194 participants). FA supplements plus other nutrient supplements versus nutrient supplements alone In arsenic-exposed individuals who received arsenic-removal water filters as a co-intervention, FA400 plus creatine may reduce blood arsenic concentrations more than creatine alone (%change in GM FA400 + creatine -14%, 95% CI -22.2 to -5.0; creatine -7.0%, 95% CI -14.8 to 1.5; 1 study, 204 participants; low-certainty evidence); may not change urinary arsenic methylation indices (FA400 + creatine: %InAs M 13.2%, SE ± 7.0; %MMA M 10.8, SE ± 4.1; %DMA M 76, SE ± 7.8; creatine: %InAs M 14.8, SE ± 5.5; %MMA M 12.8, SE ± 4.0; %DMA M 72.4, SE ±7.6; 1 study, 190 participants; low-certainty evidence); and may reduce homocysteine concentrations to a greater extent (%change in GM FA400 + creatinine -21%, 95% CI -25.2 to -16.4; creatine -4.3%, 95% CI -9.0 to 0.7; 1 study, 204 participants; low-certainty evidence) than creatine alone. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is moderate-certainty evidence that FA supplements may benefit blood arsenic concentration, urinary arsenic methylation profiles, and plasma homocysteine concentration versus placebo. There is low-certainty evidence that FA supplements plus other nutrients may benefit blood arsenic and plasma homocysteine concentrations versus nutrients alone. No studies reported on cancer, all-cause mortality, neurocognitive function, or congenital anomalies. Given the limited number of RCTs, more studies conducted in diverse settings are needed to assess the effects of FA on arsenic-related health outcomes and arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed adults and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajin Bae
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Elena Kamynina
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Adetutu F Farinola
- Faculty of Public Health, Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Robert J Berry
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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10
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Sijko M, Kozłowska L. Influence of Dietary Compounds on Arsenic Metabolism and Toxicity. Part II-Human Studies. TOXICS 2021; 9:259. [PMID: 34678956 PMCID: PMC8541625 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9100259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to various forms of arsenic (As), the source of which may be environmental as well as occupational exposure, is associated with many adverse health effects. Therefore, methods to reduce the adverse effects of As on the human body are being sought. Research in this area focuses, among other topics, on the dietary compounds that are involved in the metabolism of this element. Therefore, the aim of this review was to analyze the influence of methionine, betaine, choline, folic acid, vitamin B2, B6, B12 and zinc on the efficiency of inorganic As (iAs) metabolism and the reduction in the severity of the whole spectrum of disorders related to As exposure. In this review, which included 62 original papers (human studies) we present the current knowledge in the area. In human studies, these compounds (methionine, choline, folic acid, vitamin B2, B6, B12 and zinc) may increase iAs metabolism and reduce toxicity, whereas their deficiency may impair iAs metabolism and increase As toxicity. Taking into account the results of studies conducted in populations exposed to As, it is reasonable to carry out prophylactic activities. In particular nutritional education seems to be important and should be focused on informing people that an adequate intake of those dietary compounds potentially has a modulating effect on iAs metabolism, thus, reducing its adverse effects on the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Sijko
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lucyna Kozłowska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159c Nowoursynowska Street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Li X, Wang X, Park SK. Associations between rice consumption, arsenic metabolism, and insulin resistance in adults without diabetes. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 237:113834. [PMID: 34488179 PMCID: PMC8454056 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Rice consumption is an important source of arsenic exposure. Little has known about the impact of rice consumption on arsenic metabolism, which is related to insulin resistance. In this study, we examined the associations between rice consumption and arsenic metabolism, and between arsenic metabolism and insulin resistance in non-diabetic U.S adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2016. Rice consumer was defined as ≥0.25 cups of cooked rice/day. HOMA2-IR was calculated using HOMA2 Calculator software based on participant's fasting glucose and insulin values. Urinary arsenic concentrations below limits of detection were imputed first, and then arsenic metabolism (the proportions of inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonate (MMA), and dimethylarsinate (DMA) to their sum) were calculated (expressed as iAs%, MMA%, and DMA%). Using the leave-one-out approach, rice consumers compared with non-consumers had a 1.71% (95% CI: 1.12%, 2.29%) higher DMA% and lower MMA% when iAs% fixed; a 1.55% (95% CI: 0.45%, 2.66%) higher DMA% and lower iAs% when MMA% fixed; and a 1.62% (95% CI: 0.95%, 2.28%) higher iAs% and lower MMA% when DMA% fixed, in multivariable adjustment models. With every 10% decrease in MMA%, the geometric mean ratio of HOMA2-IR was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03,1.08) and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.09) when DMA% and iAs% was fixed, respectively; however, the associations were attenuated after adjusting for body mass index. In stratified analysis, we found that lower MMA% was associated with higher HOMA2-IR in participants with obesity: a 10% increase in iAs% with a 10% decrease in MMA% was associated with higher HOMA2-IR with the geometric mean ratio of 1.05 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.09). Our findings suggest that rice consumption may contribute to lower MMA% that was further associated with higher insulin resistance, especially in individuals with obesity. Future prospective studies are needed to confirm our results in different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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12
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Abuawad A, Bozack AK, Saxena R, Gamble MV. Nutrition, one-carbon metabolism and arsenic methylation. Toxicology 2021; 457:152803. [PMID: 33905762 PMCID: PMC8349595 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic (As) is a major public health concern globally. Inorganic As (InAs) undergoes hepatic methylation to form monomethyl (MMAs)- and dimethyl (DMAs)-arsenical species, facilitating urinary As elimination. MMAsIII is considerably more toxic than either InAsIII or DMAsV, and a higher proportion of MMAs in urine has been associated with risk for a wide range of adverse health outcomes. Efficiency of As methylation differs substantially between species, between individuals, and across populations. One-carbon metabolism (OCM) is a biochemical pathway that provides methyl groups for the methylation of As, and is influenced by folate and other micronutrients, such as vitamin B12, choline, betaine and creatine. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated that OCM-related micronutrients play a critical role in As methylation. This review will summarize observational epidemiological studies, interventions, and relevant experimental evidence examining the role that OCM-related micronutrients have on As methylation, toxicity of As, and risk for associated adverse health-related outcomes. There is fairly robust evidence supporting the impact of folate on As methylation, and some evidence from case-control studies indicating that folate nutritional status influences risk for As-induced skin lesions and bladder cancer. However, the potential for folate to be protective for other As-related health outcomes, and the potential beneficial effects of other OCM-related micronutrients on As methylation and risk for health outcomes are less well studied and warrant additional research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Abuawad
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA; Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Roheeni Saxena
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Saxena R, Liu X, Navas-Acien A, Parvez F, LoIacono NJ, Islam T, Uddin MN, Ilievski V, Slavkovich V, Balac O, Graziano JH, Gamble MV. Nutrition, one-carbon metabolism and arsenic methylation in Bangladeshi adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110750. [PMID: 33476663 PMCID: PMC7987757 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 57 million people in Bangladesh are chronically exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water. Ingested inorganic arsenic (InAs) undergoes hepatic methylation generating monomethyl- (MMAs) and dimethyl- (DMAs) arsenic species in a process that facilitates urinary As (uAs) elimination. One-carbon metabolism (OCM), a biochemical pathway that is influenced by folate and vitamin B12, facilitates the methylation of As. OCM also supports nucleotide and amino acid synthesis, particularly during periods of rapid growth such as adolescence. While folate supplementation increases As methylation and lowers blood As (bAs) in adults, little data is available for adolescents. OBJECTIVES To examine the associations between OCM-related micronutrients and As methylation in Bangladeshi adolescents chronically exposed to As-contaminated drinking water. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 679 Bangladeshi adolescents, including 320 boys and 359 girls aged 14-16 years. Nutritional status was assessed by red blood cell (RBC) folate, plasma folate, plasma B12 and homocysteine (Hcys). Arsenic-related outcomes included blood arsenic (bAs), urinary arsenic (uAs), and urinary arsenic metabolites expressed as a percentage of total urinary As: %InAs, %MMAs, %DMAs. RESULTS Boys had significantly lower B12, higher Hcys, higher bAs, higher uAs, higher %MMAs, and a trend toward lower RBC folate compared to girls. Therefore, regression analyses controlling for water As and BMI were sex stratified. Among girls, RBC folate was inversely associated with bAs, plasma B12 was inversely associated with uAs, and plasma Hcys was inversely associated with %MMA. Among boys, plasma folate was inversely associated with %InAs and positively associated with %DMA, RBC folate was inversely associated with %InAs and positively associated with %MMA, while Hcys was positively associated with %InAs. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that associations between OCM nutritional status, bAs, and distribution of As metabolites in adolescents are similar to previously reported observations in adults and in children. The As methylation findings are statistically significant among boys but not among girls; this may be related to estrogen which more strongly influences OCM in females. The inverse association between Hcys and %MMA in girls is somewhat unexpected given that Hcys is known to be an indicator of impaired OCM and low folate/B12 in adults. Overall, these results indicate that the associations between OCM-related micronutrients and arsenic methylation in adolescents are generally similar to prior findings in adults, though these associations may differ by sex. Additionally, these findings suggest that more investigation into the role of Hcys in adolescent physiology is needed, perhaps particularly for girls. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the impact of OCM and As methylation on As-related adverse health outcomes (such as cancer and cardiovascular disease) in people exposed to As during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tariqul Islam
- Columbia University Arsenic Project Office, Mohakhali, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | | | - Olgica Balac
- Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Desai G, Millen AE, Vahter M, Queirolo EI, Peregalli F, Mañay N, Yu J, Browne RW, Kordas K. Associations of dietary intakes and serum levels of folate and vitamin B-12 with methylation of inorganic arsenic in Uruguayan children: Comparison of findings and implications for future research. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 189:109935. [PMID: 32980017 PMCID: PMC10927014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the human body, inorganic arsenic (iAs) is methylated via the one-carbon cycle to form monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Lower proportions of iAs and MMA, and higher proportions of DMA in urine indicate efficient methylation; formation of DMA is thought to detoxify iAs and MMA. Studies on folate, vitamin B-12 and iAs methylation yield mixed findings, depending on whether folate and vitamin B-12 were assessed from diet, supplements, or using a blood biomarker. OBJECTIVE First, to compare the associations of serum concentrations and estimated intake of folate and vitamin B-12 with indicators of iAs methylation. Second, to highlight the implications of these different B-vitamin assessment techniques on the emerging evidence of the impact of dietary modifications on iAs methylation. METHODS The study was conducted among ~7-year-old children from Montevideo, Uruguay. Serum folate and vitamin B-12 levels were measured on the Horiba ABX Pentra 400 analyzer; urinary arsenic was measured using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography on-line with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Dietary intakes were assessed using the average of two 24-h dietary recalls. Linear regressions assessed the associations of serum levels, and dietary intakes of folate (n = 237) and vitamin B-12 (n = 217) with indicators of iAs methylation. Models were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, total urinary arsenic, and rice intake. RESULTS Serum folate and vitamin B-12 levels were above the adequacy threshold for 99% of the participants. No associations were observed between serum folate, serum vitamin B-12, or vitamin B-12 intake and iAs methylation. Folate intake was inversely associated with urinary %MMA [β (95% confidence interval): -1.04 (-1.89, -0.18)]. CONCLUSION Additional studies on the role of B-vitamins in iAs methylation are needed to develop a deeper understanding of the implications of assessing folate and vitamin B-12 intake compared to the use of biomarkers. Where possible, both methods should be employed because they reflect different exposure windows and inherent measurement error, and if used individually, will likely continue to contribute to lack of consensus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Desai
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Amy E Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Elena I Queirolo
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jihnhee Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
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15
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Sulaiman R, Wang M, Ren X. Exposure to Aluminum, Cadmium, and Mercury and Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:2699-2718. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosalind Sulaiman
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
- Research and Education in Energy, Environment and Water Institute, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Xuefeng Ren
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
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16
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Bozack AK, Howe CG, Hall MN, Liu X, Slavkovich V, Ilievski V, Lomax-Luu AM, Parvez F, Siddique AB, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Graziano JH, Gamble MV. Betaine and choline status modify the effects of folic acid and creatine supplementation on arsenic methylation in a randomized controlled trial of Bangladeshi adults. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:1921-1934. [PMID: 32918135 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02377-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Methylation of ingested inorganic arsenic (InAs) to monomethyl- (MMAs) and dimethyl-arsenical species (DMAs) facilitates urinary arsenic elimination. Folate and creatine supplementation influenced arsenic methylation in a randomized controlled trial. Here, we examine if baseline status of one-carbon metabolism nutrients (folate, choline, betaine, and vitamin B12) modified the effects of FA and creatine supplementation on changes in homocysteine, guanidinoacetate (GAA), total blood arsenic, and urinary arsenic metabolite proportions and indices. METHODS Study participants (N = 622) received 400 or 800 μg FA, 3 g creatine, 400 μg FA + 3 g creatine, or placebo daily for 12 weeks. RESULTS Relative to placebo, FA supplementation was associated with greater mean increases in %DMAs among participants with betaine concentrations below the median than those with levels above the median (FDR < 0.05). 400 μg FA/day was associated with a greater decrease in homocysteine among participants with plasma folate concentrations below, compared with those above, the median (FDR < 0.03). Creatine treatment was associated with a significant decrease in %MMAs among participants with choline concentrations below the median (P = 0.04), but not among participants above the median (P = 0.94); this effect did not significantly differ between strata (P = 0.10). CONCLUSIONS Effects of FA and creatine supplementation on arsenic methylation capacity were greater among individuals with low betaine and choline status, respectively. The efficacy of FA and creatine interventions to facilitate arsenic methylation may be modified by choline and betaine nutritional status. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trial Registry Identifier: NCT01050556, U.S. National Library of Medicine, https://clinicaltrials.gov ; registered January 15, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan N Hall
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, SUNY Downstate School of Public Health, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Vesna Slavkovich
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Vesna Ilievski
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Angela M Lomax-Luu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Abu B Siddique
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Shahriar
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad N Uddin
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Joseph H Graziano
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1107E, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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Desai G, Barg G, Vahter M, Queirolo EI, Peregalli F, Mañay N, Millen AE, Yu J, Kordas K. Executive functions in school children from Montevideo, Uruguay and their associations with concurrent low-level arsenic exposure. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 142:105883. [PMID: 32599352 PMCID: PMC10927015 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arsenic is a known childhood neurotoxicant, but its neurotoxicity at low exposure levels is still not well established. The aim of our cross-sectional study was to test the association between low-level arsenic exposure and executive functions (EF) among children in Montevideo. We also assessed effect modification by arsenic methylation capacity, a susceptibility factor for the health effects of arsenic, and by B-vitamin intake, which impacts arsenic methylation. METHODS Arsenic exposure was assessed as the specific gravity-adjusted sum of urinary arsenic metabolites (U-As) among 255 ~ 7 year-old children, and methylation capacity as the proportion of urinary monomethylarsonic acid (%MMA). Arsenic concentrations from kitchen water samples at participants' homes were assessed. B-vitamin intake was calculated from the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls. EF was measured using three tests from the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery- Stockings of Cambridge (SOC), Intra-dimensional/extra-dimensional shift task (IED), and Spatial Span (SSP). Generalized linear models assessed the association between U-As and EF measures; models were adjusted for age, sex, maternal education, possessions score, Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment Inventory score, season, and school clusters. Additional analyses were conducted to address issues of residual confounding and sample size. A "B-vitamin index" was calculated using principal component analysis. Effect modification by the index and urinary %MMA was assessed in strata split at the respective medians of these variables. RESULTS The median (range) U-As and water arsenic levels were 9.9 µg/L (2.2, 47.7) and 0.45 µg/L (0.1, 18.9) respectively, indicating that exposure originated mainly from other sources. U-As was inversely associated with the number of stages completed (β = -0.02; 95% CI: -0.03, -0.002) and pre-executive shift errors (β = -0.08; 95% CI: -0.14, -0.02) of the IED task, and span length of the SSP task (β = -0.01; 95% CI: -0.02, -0.004). There was no clear pattern of effect modification by B-vitamin intake or urinary %MMA. CONCLUSION Low-level arsenic exposure may adversely affect executive function among children but additional, including longitudinal, studies are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Desai
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Gabriel Barg
- Department of Neurocognition, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Elena I Queirolo
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Amy E Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jihnhee Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
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Desai G, Vahter M, Queirolo EI, Peregalli F, Mañay N, Millen AE, Yu J, Browne RW, Kordas K. Vitamin B-6 Intake Is Modestly Associated with Arsenic Methylation in Uruguayan Children with Low-Level Arsenic Exposure. J Nutr 2020; 150:1223-1229. [PMID: 31913474 PMCID: PMC7198313 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detoxification of inorganic arsenic (iAs) occurs when it methylates to form monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). Lower proportions of urinary iAs and MMA, and higher proportions of DMA indicate efficient methylation. The role of B-vitamins in iAs methylation in children with low-level arsenic exposure is understudied. OBJECTIVES Our study objective was to assess the association between B-vitamin intake and iAs methylation in children with low-level arsenic exposure (<50 µg/L in water; urinary arsenic 5-50 µg/L). METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study in 290 ∼7-y-old children in Montevideo. Intake of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B-6, and vitamin B-12 was calculated by averaging 2 nonconsecutive 24-h recalls. Total urinary arsenic concentration was measured as the sum of urinary iAs, MMA, and DMA, and adjusted for urinary specific gravity; iAs methylation was measured as urinary percentage As, percentage MMA, and percentage DMA. Arsenic concentrations from household water sources were assessed. Linear regressions tested the relationships between individual energy-adjusted B-vitamins and iAs methylation. RESULTS Median (range) arsenic concentrations in urine and water were 9.9 (2.2-48.7) and 0.45 (0.1-18.9) µg/L, respectively. The median (range) of urinary percentage iAs, percentage MMA, and percentage DMA was 10.6% (0.0-33.8), 9.7% (2.6-24.8), and 79.1% (58.5-95.4), respectively. The median (range) intake levels of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and vitamin B-6 were 0.81 (0.19-2.56), 1.0 (0.30-2.24), 8.6 (3.5-23.3), and 0.67 (0.25-1.73) mg/1000 kcal, respectively, whereas those of folate and vitamin B-12 were 216 (75-466) and 1.7 (0.34-8.3) µg/1000 kcal, respectively. Vitamin B-6 intake was inversely associated with urinary percentage MMA (β = -1.60; 95% CI: -3.07, -0.15). No other statistically significant associations were observed. CONCLUSIONS Although vitamin B-6 intake was inversely associated with urinary percentage MMA, our findings suggest limited support for a relation between B-vitamin intake and iAs methylation in children exposed to low-level arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Desai
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA,Address correspondence to GD (e-mail: )
| | | | - Elena I Queirolo
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Amy E Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jihnhee Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
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19
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Desai G, Barg G, Vahter M, Queirolo EI, Peregalli F, Mañay N, Millen AE, Yu J, Browne RW, Kordas K. Low level arsenic exposure, B-vitamins, and achievement among Uruguayan school children. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 223:124-131. [PMID: 31588016 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Millions of children globally, including the U.S., are exposed to low levels of arsenic from water and food. Arsenic is a known neurotoxicant at high levels but its effects at lower exposure levels are understudied. Arsenic methylation capacity, influenced by B-vitamin intake and status, potentially influences arsenic toxicity. In a cross-secitonal study of 5-8 year-old children from Montevideo, we assessed the relationship between urinary arsenic (U-As) and academic achievement, and tested for effect modification by B-vitamin intake, status, and arsenic methylation capacity. METHODS Broad math and reading scores were calculated based on six subtests (calculation, math facts fluency, applied problems, sentence reading fluency, letter word identification, passage comprehension) from the Woodcock-Muñoz Achievement Battery. B-vitamin intake was assessed from two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls, serum folate and vitamin B-12 levels were measured in a subset of participants. Arsenic methylation capacity was measured as the proportion of urinary monomethylarsonic acid (%MMA). Multiple imputation using chained equations was conducted to account for missing covariate and exposure data. Ordinal regressions assessed associations between U-As and achievement score tertiles in the complete case and imputed samples. A "B-vitamin index" was calculated using principal component analysis. Interactions by urinary %MMA and the B-vitamin index were assessed. RESULTS Median specific gravity adjusted U-As was 11.7 μg/L (range: 2.6, 50.1). We found no association between U-As and broad math and reading scores, nor effect modification by %MMA or B-vitamins. CONCLUSION At low-levels of exposure, U-As does not appear to affect children's academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Desai
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Gabriel Barg
- Department of Neurocognition, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Elena I Queirolo
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Amy E Millen
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jihnhee Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Richard W Browne
- Department of Biotechnical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health Professions, The State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, NY, USA
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Hanifa MA, Skott M, Maltesen RG, Rasmussen BS, Nielsen S, Frøkiær J, Ring T, Wimmer R. Tissue, urine and blood metabolite signatures of chronic kidney disease in the 5/6 nephrectomy rat model. Metabolomics 2019; 15:112. [PMID: 31422467 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-019-1569-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. It has a long asymptomatic phase, where routine blood tests cannot identify early functional losses, and therefore identifying common mechanisms across the many etiologies is an important goal. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to characterize serum, urine and tissue (kidney, lung, heart, spleen and liver) metabolomics changes in a rat model of CKD. METHODS A total of 17 male Wistar rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy, whilst 13 rats underwent sham operation. Urine samples were collected weekly, for 6 weeks; blood was collected at weeks 0, 3 and 6; and tissue samples were collected at week 6. Samples were analyzed on a nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy platform with multivariate and univariate data analysis. RESULTS Changes in several metabolites were statistically significant. Allantoin was affected in all compartments. Renal asparagine, creatine, hippurate and trimethylamine were significantly different; in other tissues creatine, dimethylamine, dimethylglycine, trigonelline and trimethylamine were significant. Benzoate, citrate, dimethylglycine, fumarate, guanidinoacetate, malate, myo-inositol and oxoglutarate were altered in urine or serum. CONCLUSION Although the metabolic picture is complex, we suggest oxidative stress, the gut-kidney axis, acid-base balance, and energy metabolism as promising areas for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munsoor A Hanifa
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Skott
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8250, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Raluca G Maltesen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Bodil S Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark
| | | | - Jørgen Frøkiær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Troels Ring
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Center for Critical Care Nephrology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburg, PA, 15261, USA
| | - Reinhard Wimmer
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark.
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Zhang X, Xu X, Zhong Y, Power MC, Taylor BD, Carrillo G. Serum folate levels and urinary arsenic methylation profiles in the US population: NHANES, 2003-2012. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2019; 29:323-334. [PMID: 29483566 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-018-0021-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a prevalent environmental contaminant, and its folate-dependent methylation is important for detoxification in the body. In this study, we investigated the association between serum folate levels and methylation using data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2003-2012) (N = 11,016). Multivariate linear regression and penalized spline regression models were used to examine the association and possible upper limit of folate level regarding its impact on methylation in children (≤18 years) and adults (>18 years), respectively. Serum folate levels, methylation metabolites including urinary monomethylarsonic acid (MMA(V)) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA(V)), and demographic variables were extracted from NHANES. Results showed that urinary percentage of DMA(V) (%DMA(V)) was positively associated with log(serum folate levels) after adjustment in children (β = 1.93, p < 0.01); urinary percentage of MMA(V) (%MMA(V)) was positively associated with log (serum folate levels) after adjustment in adults (β = 0.40, p < 0.01). No upper limit of folate level regarding its impact on arsenic methylation was identified. More than 50% of Non-Hispanic black and smokers with high total urinary arsenic levels had low serum folate levels. Our results indicate that folate promotes arsenic methylation, but the patterns are different in children versus in adults. Future interventions may be needed for the population exposed to high level of arsenic but with low serum folate to protect against the potential adverse health effects of arsenic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University School of Public health, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University School of Public health, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Yan Zhong
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Melinda C Power
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University School of Public health, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Genny Carrillo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University School of Public health, College Station, TX, USA
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22
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Stajnko A, Šlejkovec Z, Mazej D, France-Štiglic A, Briški AS, Prpić I, Špirić Z, Horvat M, Falnoga I. Arsenic metabolites; selenium; and AS3MT, MTHFR, AQP4, AQP9, SELENOP, INMT, and MT2A polymorphisms in Croatian-Slovenian population from PHIME-CROME study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 170:301-319. [PMID: 30612060 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between inorganic arsenic (iAs) metabolism, selenium (Se) status, and genetic polymorphisms of various genes, commonly studied in populations exposed to high levels of iAs from drinking water, were studied in a Croatian-Slovenian population from the wider PHIME-CROME project. Population consisted of 136 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester and 176 non-pregnant women with their children (n = 176, 8-9 years old). Their exposure to iAs, defined by As (speciation) analyses of biological samples, was low. The sums of biologically active metabolites (arsenite + arsenate + methylated As forms) for pregnant women, non-pregnant women, and children, respectively were: 3.23 (2.84-3.68), 1.83 (1.54-2.16) and 2.18 (1.86-2.54) ng/mLSG; GM (95 CI). Corresponding plasma Se levels were: 54.8 (52.8-56.9), 82.3 (80.4-84.0) and 65.8 (64.3-67.3) ng/mL; GM (95 CI). As methylation efficiency indexes confirmed the relationship between pregnancy/childhood and better methylation efficiency. Archived blood and/or saliva samples were used for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping of arsenic(3+) methyltransferase - AS3MT (rs7085104, rs3740400, rs3740393, rs3740390, rs11191439, rs10748835, rs1046778 and the corresponding AS3MT haplotype); methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase - MTHFR (rs1801131, rs1801133); aquaporin - AQP 4 and 9 (rs9951307 and rs2414539); selenoprotein P1 - SELENOP (rs7579, rs3877899); indolethylamine N-methyltransferase - INMT (rs6970396); and metallothionein 2A - MT2A (rs28366003). Associations of SNPs with As parameters and urine Se were determined through multiple regression analyses adjusted using appropriate confounders (blood As, plasma Se, ever smoking, etc.). SNPs' influence on As methylation, defined particularly by the secondary methylation index (SMI), confirmed the 'protective' role of minor alleles of six AS3MT SNPs and their haplotype only among non-pregnant women. Among the other investigated genes, the carriers of AQP9 (rs2414539) were associated with more efficient As methylation and higher urine concentration of As and Se among non-pregnant women; poorer methylation was observed for carriers of AQP4 (rs9951307) among pregnant women and SELENOP (rs7579) among non-pregnant women; MT2A (rs28366003) was associated with higher urine concentration of AsIII regardless of the pregnancy status; and INMT (rs6970396) was associated with higher As and Se concentration in non-pregnant women. Among confounders, the strongest influence was observed for plasma Se; it reduced urine AsIII concentration during pregnancy and increased secondary methylation index among non-pregnant women. In the present study of populations with low As exposure, we observed a few new As-gene associations (particularly with AQPs). More reliable interpretations will be possible after their confirmation in larger populations with higher As exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Stajnko
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zdenka Šlejkovec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka France-Štiglic
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Njegoševa 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Alenka Sešek Briški
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Njegoševa 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Prpić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Rijeka, Krešimirova 42, Rijeka, Croatia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Ul. Braće Branchetta 20/1, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Zdravko Špirić
- Green infrastructure ltd., Fallerovo šetalište 22, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milena Horvat
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ingrid Falnoga
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Bozack AK, Hall MN, Liu X, Ilievski V, Lomax-Luu AM, Parvez F, Siddique AB, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Graziano JH, Gamble MV. Folic acid supplementation enhances arsenic methylation: results from a folic acid and creatine supplementation randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 109:380-391. [PMID: 30590411 PMCID: PMC6367980 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Arsenic exposure through drinking water persists in many regions. Inorganic As (InAs) is methylated to monomethyl-arsenical species (MMAs) and dimethyl-arsenical species (DMAs), facilitating urinary excretion. Arsenic methylation is dependent on one-carbon metabolism, which is influenced by nutritional factors such as folate and creatine. Objective This study investigated the effects of folic acid (FA) and/or creatine supplementation on the proportion of As metabolites in urine. Design In a 24-wk randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, 622 participants were assigned to receive FA (400 or 800 μg per day), 3 g creatine per day, 400 μg FA + 3 g creatine per day, or placebo. The majority of participants were folate sufficient; all received As-removal water filters. From wk 12-24, half of the participants receiving FA received placebo. Results Among groups receiving FA, the mean decrease in ln(%InAs) and %MMAs and increase in %DMAs exceeded those of the placebo group at wk 6 and 12 (P < 0.05). In the creatine group, the mean decrease in %MMAs exceeded that of the placebo group at wk 6 and 12 (P < 0.05); creatine supplementation did not affect change in %InAs or %DMAs. The decrease in %MMAs at wk 6 and 12 was larger in the 800 µg FA than in the 400 µg FA group (P = 0.034). There were no differences in treatment effects between the 400 µg FA and creatine + FA groups. Data suggest a rebound in As metabolite proportions after FA cessation; at wk 24, log(%InAs) and %DMAs were not significantly different than baseline levels among participants who discontinued FA supplementation. Conclusions The results of this study confirm that FA supplementation rapidly and significantly increases methylation of InAs to DMAs. Further research is needed to understand the strong cross-sectional associations between urinary creatinine and As methylation in previous studies. This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01050556.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinhua Liu
- Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | | | | | | | - Abu B Siddique
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Shahriar
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad N Uddin
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mary V Gamble
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences,Address correspondence to MVG (e-mail: )
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24
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Spratlen MJ, Grau-Perez M, Umans JG, Yracheta J, Best LG, Francesconi K, Goessler W, Bottiglieri T, Gamble MV, Cole SA, Zhao J, Navas-Acien A. Targeted metabolomics to understand the association between arsenic metabolism and diabetes-related outcomes: Preliminary evidence from the Strong Heart Family Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 168:146-157. [PMID: 30316100 PMCID: PMC6298442 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inorganic arsenic exposure is ubiquitous and both exposure and inter-individual differences in its metabolism have been associated with cardiometabolic risk. A more efficient arsenic metabolism profile (lower MMA%, higher DMA%) has been associated with reduced risk for arsenic-related health outcomes. This profile, however, has also been associated with increased risk for diabetes-related outcomes. OBJECTIVES The mechanism behind these conflicting associations is unclear; we hypothesized the one-carbon metabolism (OCM) pathway may play a role. METHODS We evaluated the influence of OCM on the relationship between arsenic metabolism and diabetes-related outcomes (HOMA2-IR, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose) using metabolomic data from an OCM-specific and P180 metabolite panel measured in plasma, arsenic metabolism measured in urine, and HOMA2-IR and FPG measured in fasting plasma. Samples were drawn from baseline visits (2001-2003) in 59 participants from the Strong Heart Family Study, a family-based cohort study of American Indians aged ≥14 years from Arizona, Oklahoma, and North/South Dakota. RESULTS In unadjusted analyses, a 5% increase in DMA% was associated with higher HOMA2-IR (geometric mean ratio (GMR)= 1.13 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.25)) and waist circumference (mean difference=3.66 (0.95, 6.38). MMA% was significantly associated with lower HOMA2-IR and waist circumference. After adjustment for OCM-related metabolites (SAM, SAH, cysteine, glutamate, lysophosphatidylcholine 18.2, and three phosphatidlycholines), associations were attenuated and no longer significant. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary results indicate that the association of lower MMA% and higher DMA% with diabetes-related outcomes may be influenced by OCM status, either through confounding, reverse causality, or mediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda J Spratlen
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Maria Grau-Perez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Fundación Investigación Clínico de Valencia-INCLIVA, Area of Cardiometabolic and Renal Risk, Valencia, Valencia, Spain; University of Valencia, Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, Hyattsville, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Joseph Yracheta
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., Eagle Butte, SD, USA
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., Eagle Butte, SD, USA
| | - Kevin Francesconi
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jinying Zhao
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and the College of Medicine at the University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA; Department of Environmental Health & Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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De Loma J, Skröder H, Raqib R, Vahter M, Broberg K. Arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) polymorphisms and arsenic methylation in children in rural Bangladesh. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 357:80-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Gamboa-Loira B, Hernández-Alcaraz C, Gandolfi AJ, Cebrián ME, Burguete-García A, García-Martínez A, López-Carrillo L. Arsenic methylation capacity in relation to nutrient intake and genetic polymorphisms in one-carbon metabolism. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2018; 164:18-23. [PMID: 29459232 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrients and genetic polymorphisms participating in one-carbon metabolism may explain interindividual differences in inorganic arsenic (iAs) methylation capacity, which in turn may account for variations in susceptibility to iAs-induced diseases. OBJECTIVES 1) To evaluate the association between polymorphisms in five one-carbon metabolism genes (FOLH1 c.223 T > C, MTHFD1 c.1958 G > A, MTHFR c.665 C > T, MTR c.2756 A > G, and MTRR c.66 A > G) and iAs methylation capacity; 2) To assess if previously reported associations between nutrient intake and iAs methylation capacity are modified by those polymorphisms. METHODS Women (n = 1027) exposed to iAs in Northern Mexico were interviewed. Blood and urine samples were collected. Nutrient dietary intake was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. iAs methylation capacity was calculated from urinary iAs species (iAs, monomethylarsonic acid [MMA] and dimethylarsinic acid [DMA]) measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-ICP-MS). One polymorphism in each of the five genes evaluated was genotyped by allelic discrimination. Multivariable linear regression models were used to evaluate if genetic polymorphisms modified the associations between iAs methylation capacity parameters and nutrient intake. RESULTS The median (min-max) concentration of total arsenic (TAs) was 20.2 (1.3-2776.0) µg/g creatinine in the study population. Significant interactions for iAs metabolism were only found with FOLH1 c.223 T > C polymorphism and vitamin B12 intake, so that CT and CC genotype carriers had significantly lower %iAs, and higher DMA/iAs with an increased vitamin B12 intake, as compared to carriers of wild-type TT. CONCLUSION Differences in dietary nutrient intake and genetic variants in one-carbon metabolism may jointly influence iAs methylation capacity. Confirmation of these interactions in other populations is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - César Hernández-Alcaraz
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - A Jay Gandolfi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Mariano E Cebrián
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07360, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Ana Burguete-García
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Angélica García-Martínez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
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Zhu J, Gao Y, Sun D, Wei Y. Serum folate and cobalamin levels and urinary dimethylarsinic acid in US children and adults. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:17168-17175. [PMID: 29651724 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1951-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nutritional status could affect arsenic metabolism and toxicity in the general population chronically exposed to low levels of inorganic arsenic. In this study, we examined the association of serum folate and cobalamin with urinary concentrations of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), the most abundant metabolite of inorganic arsenic measured in urine, in children and adults who participated in the 2003-2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. A total of 1161 children (aged 6-19 years) and 1938 adults (aged 20-85 years) were analyzed for the association using multivariate general linear models, adjusting for potential confounders. We observed a positive association between serum levels of folate and cobalamin and creatinine-corrected urinary concentrations of DMA in both children and adults. Furthermore, serum levels of folate and cobalamin were inversely associated with homocysteine (Hcy). These results suggest that dietary intake of folate and cobalamin may exhibit protective functions against arsenic toxicity by increasing arsenic metabolism to the less toxic metabolite DMA and decreasing serum levels of Hcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Zhu
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Fort Valley State University, Fort Valley, GA, 31030, USA
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yudan Wei
- Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University School of Medicine, 1550 College St, Macon, GA, 31207, USA.
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Bozack AK, Saxena R, Gamble MV. Nutritional Influences on One-Carbon Metabolism: Effects on Arsenic Methylation and Toxicity. Annu Rev Nutr 2018; 38:401-429. [PMID: 29799766 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to inorganic arsenic (InAs) via drinking water and/or food is a considerable worldwide problem. Methylation of InAs generates monomethyl (MMAsIII+V)- and dimethyl (DMAsIII+V)-arsenical species in a process that facilitates urinary As elimination; however, MMAs is considerably more toxic than either InAs or DMAs. Emerging evidence suggests that incomplete methylation of As to DMAs, resulting in increased MMAs, is associated with increased risk for a host of As-related health outcomes. The biochemical pathway that provides methyl groups for As methylation, one-carbon metabolism (OCM), is influenced by folate and other micronutrients, including choline and betaine. Individuals and species differ widely in their ability to methylate As. A growing body of research, including cell-culture, animal-model, and epidemiological studies, has demonstrated the role of OCM-related micronutrients in As methylation. This review examines the evidence that nutritional status and nutritional interventions can influence the metabolism and toxicity of As, with a primary focus on folate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne K Bozack
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Roheeni Saxena
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
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Chi L, Gao B, Tu P, Liu CW, Xue J, Lai Y, Ru H, Lu K. Individual susceptibility to arsenic-induced diseases: the role of host genetics, nutritional status, and the gut microbiome. Mamm Genome 2018; 29:63-79. [PMID: 29429126 DOI: 10.1007/s00335-018-9736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination in water or food is a global issue affecting hundreds of millions of people. Although As is classified as a group 1 carcinogen and is associated with multiple diseases, the individual susceptibility to As-related diseases is highly variable, such that a proportion of people exposed to As have higher risks of developing related disorders. Many factors have been found to be associated with As susceptibility. One of the main sources of the variability found in As susceptibility is the variation in the host genome, namely, polymorphisms of many genes involved in As transportation, biotransformation, oxidative stress response, and DNA repair affect the susceptibility of an individual to As toxicity and then influence the disease outcomes. In addition, lifestyles and many nutritional factors, such as folate, vitamin C, and fruit, have been found to be associated with individual susceptibility to As-related diseases. Recently, the interactions between As exposure and the gut microbiome have been of particular concern. As exposure has been shown to perturb gut microbiome composition, and the gut microbiota has been shown to also influence As metabolism, which raises the question of whether the highly diverse gut microbiota contributes to As susceptibility. Here, we review the literature and summarize the factors, such as host genetics and nutritional status, that influence As susceptibility, and we also present potential mechanisms of how the gut microbiome may influence As metabolism and its toxic effects on the host to induce variations in As susceptibility. Challenges and future directions are also discussed to emphasize the importance of characterizing the specific role of these factors in interindividual susceptibility to As-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chi
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Bei Gao
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Pengcheng Tu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Chih-Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Jingchuan Xue
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yunjia Lai
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Hongyu Ru
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27607, USA
| | - Kun Lu
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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Bhowmick S, Pramanik S, Singh P, Mondal P, Chatterjee D, Nriagu J. Arsenic in groundwater of West Bengal, India: A review of human health risks and assessment of possible intervention options. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:148-169. [PMID: 28850835 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This paper reviews how active research in West Bengal has unmasked the endemic arsenism that has detrimental effects on the health of millions of people and their offspring. It documents how the pathways of exposure to this toxin/poison have been greatly expanded through intensive application of groundwater in agriculture in the region within the Green Revolution framework. A goal of this paper is to compare and contrast the similarities and differences in arsenic occurrence in West Bengal with those of other parts of the world and assess the unique socio-cultural factors that determine the risks of exposure to arsenic in local groundwater. Successful intervention options are also critically reviewed with emphasis on integrative strategies that ensure safe water to the population, proper nutrition, and effective ways to reduce the transfer of arsenic from soil to crops. While no universal model may be suited for the vast areas of the world affected with by natural contamination of groundwater with arsenic, we have emphasized community-specific sustainable options that can be adapted. Disseminating scientifically correct information among the population coupled with increased community level participation and education are recognized as necessary adjuncts for an engineering intervention to be successful and sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Bhowmick
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India.
| | - Sreemanta Pramanik
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Payel Singh
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India
| | - Priyanka Mondal
- Ceramic Membrane Division, CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute (CGCRI), Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Debashis Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Jerome Nriagu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, 109 Observatory Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA
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Kurzius-Spencer M, da Silva V, Thomson CA, Hartz V, Hsu CH, Burgess JL, O'Rourke MK, Harris RB. Nutrients in one-carbon metabolism and urinary arsenic methylation in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 607-608:381-390. [PMID: 28697391 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to inorganic arsenic (inAs), a potent toxicant, occurs primarily through ingestion of food and water. The efficiency with which it is methylated to mono and dimethyl arsenicals (MMA and DMA) affects toxicity. Folate, vitamins B12 and B6 are required for 1C metabolism, and studies have found that higher levels of these nutrients increase methylation capacity and are associated with protection against adverse health effects from inAs, especially in undernourished populations. Our aim was to determine whether 1C-related nutrients are associated with greater inAs methylation capacity in a general population sample with overall adequate nutrition and low levels of As exposure. Univariate and multivariable regression models were used to evaluate the relationship of dietary and blood nutrients to urinary As methylation in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. Outcome variables were the percent of the sum of inAs and methylated As species (inAs+MMA+DMA) excreted as inAs, MMA, and DMA, and the ratio of MMA:DMA. In univariate models, dietary folate, vitamin B6 and protein intake were associated with lower urinary inAs% and greater DMA% in adults (≥18years), with similar trends in children (6-18). In adjusted models, vitamin B6 intake (p=0.011) and RBC folate (p=0.036) were associated with lower inAs%, while dietary vitamin B12 was associated with higher inAs% (p=0.002) and lower DMA% (p=0.030). Total plasma homocysteine was associated with higher MMA% (p=0.004) and lower DMA% (p=0.003), but not with inAs%; other blood nutrients showed no association with urinary As. Although effect size is small, these findings suggest that 1C nutrients can influence inAs methylation and potentially play an indirect role in reducing toxicity in a general population sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret Kurzius-Spencer
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - Vanessa da Silva
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Cynthia A Thomson
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Vern Hartz
- The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Chiu-Hsieh Hsu
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jefferey L Burgess
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Mary Kay O'Rourke
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Robin B Harris
- Mel & Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Arsenic, a known carcinogen and developmental toxicant, is a major threat to global health. While the contribution of arsenic exposure to chronic diseases and adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes is recognized, its ability to impair critical functions of humoral and cell-mediated immunity-including the specific mechanisms in humans-is not well understood. Arsenic has been shown to increase risk of infectious diseases that have significant health implications during pregnancy and early life. Here, we review the latest research on the mechanisms of arsenic-related immune response alterations that could underlie arsenic-associated increased risk of infection during the vulnerable periods of pregnancy and early life. RECENT FINDINGS The latest evidence points to alteration of antibody production and transplacental transfer as well as failure of T helper cells to produce IL-2 and proliferate. Critical areas for future research include the effects of arsenic exposure during pregnancy and early life on immune responses to natural infection and the immunogenicity and efficacy of vaccines.
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Iron and Zinc Supplementation Does Not Impact Urinary Arsenic Excretion in Mexican School Children. J Pediatr 2017; 185:205-210.e1. [PMID: 28343659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the role of iron and zinc in arsenic excretion and metabolism in children. STUDY DESIGN An analysis of urinary arsenic (UAs) concentrations from a double-blind randomized trial originally testing the efficacy of iron and zinc for lowering blood lead levels in children. A 2 × 2 factorial design was used, with children randomized individually, stratified by sex and classroom, to receive 30?mg ferrous fumarate (n?=?148), 30?mg zinc oxide (n?=?144), iron and zinc together (n?=?148), or placebo (n?=?151). Of the 602 children enrolled, 527 completed the 6-month treatment, and 485 had both baseline and final UAs values. The baseline total UAs concentration ranged from 3.2 to 215.9?µg/L. RESULTS At baseline, children in the highest tertile of serum ferritin concentration had higher excretion of dimethylarsinic acid (DMA; 1.93?±?0.86%; P?<?.05), but lower excretion of monomethylarsonic acid (-0.91?±?0.39%; P?<?.05), compared with children in the lowest tertile. In an intention-to-treat analysis, iron had no effect on arsenic methylation or UAs excretion, but children receiving zinc had lower %DMA in urine (-1.7?±?0.8; P?<?.05). CONCLUSIONS Iron and zinc status are not related to arsenic metabolism in children, and supplementation with these minerals has limited application in lowering arsenic concentrations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02346188.
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Spratlen MJ, Gamble MV, Grau-Perez M, Kuo CC, Best LG, Yracheta J, Francesconi K, Goessler W, Mossavar-Rahmani Y, Hall M, Umans JG, Fretts A, Navas-Acien A. Arsenic metabolism and one-carbon metabolism at low-moderate arsenic exposure: Evidence from the Strong Heart Study. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 105:387-397. [PMID: 28479390 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
B-vitamins involved in one-carbon metabolism (OCM) can affect arsenic metabolism efficiency in highly arsenic exposed, undernourished populations. We evaluated whether dietary intake of OCM nutrients (including vitamins B2, B6, folate (B9), and B12) was associated with arsenic metabolism in a more nourished population exposed to lower arsenic than previously studied. Dietary intake of OCM nutrients and urine arsenic was evaluated in 405 participants from the Strong Heart Study. Arsenic exposure was measured as the sum of iAs, monomethylarsonate (MMA) and dimethylarsenate (DMA) in urine. Arsenic metabolism was measured as the individual percentages of each metabolite over their sum (iAs%, MMA%, DMA%). In adjusted models, increasing intake of vitamins B2 and B6 was associated with modest but significant decreases in iAs% and MMA% and increases in DMA%. A significant interaction was found between high folate and B6 with enhanced arsenic metabolism efficiency. Our findings suggest OCM nutrients may influence arsenic metabolism in populations with moderate arsenic exposure. Stronger and independent associations were observed with B2 and B6, vitamins previously understudied in relation to arsenic. Research is needed to evaluate whether targeting B-vitamin intake can serve as a strategy for the prevention of arsenic-related health effects at low-moderate arsenic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Jones Spratlen
- Department of Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Mary V Gamble
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Maria Grau-Perez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Chin-Chi Kuo
- Kidney Institute and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, China Medical University, No.91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Big Data Center, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., 118 S. Willow St, Eagle Butte, SD 57625, USA.
| | - Joseph Yracheta
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research, Inc., 118 S. Willow St, Eagle Butte, SD 57625, USA.
| | - Kevin Francesconi
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, Universitätsplatz 1/1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Walter Goessler
- Institute of Chemistry - Analytical Chemistry, Universitätsplatz 1/1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | - Meghan Hall
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Jason G Umans
- MedStar Health Research Institute, 6525 Belcrest Rd #700, Hyattsville, MD 20782, USA; Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, 4000 Reservoir Road, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Amanda Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Health Sciences Bldg, F-262 Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Department, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Bae S, Kamynina E, Farinola AF, Caudill MA, Stover PJ, Cassano PA, Berry R, Peña-Rosas JP. Provision of folic acid for reducing arsenic toxicity in arsenic-exposed children and adults. THE COCHRANE DATABASE OF SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd012649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sajin Bae
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 324 Savage Hall 244 Garden Avenue Ithaca NY USA 14853
| | - Elena Kamynina
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 324 Savage Hall 244 Garden Avenue Ithaca NY USA 14853
| | - Adetutu F Farinola
- University of Ibadan; Faculty of Public Health, Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics; Seat of Wisdom Chapel Ibadan Oyo State Nigeria 200282
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 324 Savage Hall 244 Garden Avenue Ithaca NY USA 14853
| | - Patrick J Stover
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 324 Savage Hall 244 Garden Avenue Ithaca NY USA 14853
| | - Patricia A Cassano
- Cornell University; Division of Nutritional Sciences; 324 Savage Hall 244 Garden Avenue Ithaca NY USA 14853
| | - Robert Berry
- Independent cosultant; 1376 N Decatur Rd NE Atlanta Georgia USA 30306
| | - Juan Pablo Peña-Rosas
- World Health Organization; Evidence and Programme Guidance, Department of Nutrition for Health and Development; 20 Avenue Appia Geneva GE Switzerland 1211
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Luo Y, McCullough LE, Tzeng JY, Darrah T, Vengosh A, Maguire RL, Maity A, Samuel-Hodge C, Murphy SK, Mendez MA, Hoyo C. Maternal blood cadmium, lead and arsenic levels, nutrient combinations, and offspring birthweight. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:354. [PMID: 28438148 PMCID: PMC5402649 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4225-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) are common environmental contaminants that have been associated with lower birthweight. Although some essential metals may mitigate exposure, data are inconsistent. This study sought to evaluate the relationship between toxic metals, nutrient combinations and birthweight among 275 mother-child pairs. Methods Non-essential metals, Cd, Pb, As, and essential metals, iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), selenium (Se), copper (Cu), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and manganese (Mn) were measured in maternal whole blood obtained during the first trimester using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Folate concentrations were measured by microbial assay. Birthweight was obtained from medical records. We used quantile regression to evaluate the association between toxic metals and nutrients due to their underlying wedge-shaped relationship. Ordinary linear regression was used to evaluate associations between birth weight and toxic metals. Results After multivariate adjustment, the negative association between Pb or Cd and a combination of Fe, Se, Ca and folate was robust, persistent and dose-dependent (p < 0.05). However, a combination of Zn, Cu, Mn and Mg was positively associated with Pb and Cd levels. While prenatal blood Cd and Pb were also associated with lower birthweight. Fe, Se, Ca and folate did not modify these associations. Conclusion Small sample size and cross-sectional design notwithstanding, the robust and persistent negative associations between some, but not all, nutrient combinations with these ubiquitous environmental contaminants suggest that only some recommended nutrient combinations may mitigate toxic metal exposure in chronically exposed populations. Larger longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4225-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Luo
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Jung-Ying Tzeng
- Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. .,Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA. .,Department of Statistics, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Thomas Darrah
- School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rachel L Maguire
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27533, USA
| | - Arnab Maity
- Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27533, USA.
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López-Carrillo L, Gamboa-Loira B, Becerra W, Hernández-Alcaraz C, Hernández-Ramírez RU, Gandolfi AJ, Franco-Marina F, Cebrián ME. Dietary micronutrient intake and its relationship with arsenic metabolism in Mexican women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:445-450. [PMID: 27565879 PMCID: PMC5457700 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Concentrations of inorganic arsenic (iAs) metabolites in urine present intra- and interindividual variations, which are determined not only by the magnitude of exposure to iAs, but also by differences in genetic, environmental and dietary factors. OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether differences in dietary intake of selected micronutrients are associated with the metabolism of iAs. METHODS The intake of 21 micronutrients was estimated for 1027 women living in northern Mexico using a food frequency questionnaire. Concentration of urinary metabolites of iAs was determined by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) and the proportion of iAs metabolites was calculated (%iAs, monomethylarsonic acid [%MMA] and dimethylarsinic acid [%DMA]), as well as ratios corresponding to the first (MMA/iAs), second (DMA/MMA) and total methylation (DMA/iAs). RESULTS After adjustment for covariates, it was found that methionine, choline, folate, vitamin B12, Zn, Se and vitamin C favor elimination of iAs mainly by decreasing the %MMA and/or increasing %DMA in urine. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that diet contributes to the efficiency of iAs elimination. Further studies are needed to assess the feasibility of dietary interventions that modulate the metabolism of iAs and the consequent risk of diseases related to its exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P., 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P., 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Wendy Becerra
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P., 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - César Hernández-Alcaraz
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P., 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Raúl Ulises Hernández-Ramírez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P., 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - A Jay Gandolfi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - Francisco Franco-Marina
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Calz. Tlalpan 4502, Col. Sección XVI, Del. Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Mariano E Cebrián
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Del. Gustavo A. Madero, C.P. 07360, D.F., Mexico.
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Torres-Sánchez L, López-Carrillo L, Rosado JL, Rodriguez VM, Vera-Aguilar E, Kordas K, García-Vargas GG, Cebrian ME. Sex differences in the reduction of arsenic methylation capacity as a function of urinary total and inorganic arsenic in Mexican children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 151:38-43. [PMID: 27450997 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic arsenic (As) exposure decreases adult and children's ability to methylate inorganic As (iAs); however, few studies have examined children's sex differences. We measured urinary concentrations of iAs, monomethylarsonic (MMA), and dimethylarsinic (DMA) acids, and calculated the primary (PMI: MMA/iAs) and secondary (SMI: DMA/MMA) methylation capacity indexes in 591 children 6-8 years in Torreón, Mexico. We determined iAs, MMA, and DMA by hydride generation cryotrapping AAS. Lineal regression models estimated associations between methylation capacity and total As (TAs) or iAs. Interactions with sex were tested at p<0.10. Boys had significantly higher TAs levels, (58.4µg/L) than girls (46.2µg/L). We observed negative associations between TAs and PMI (β=-0.039; p<0.18) and SMI (β=-0.08; p=0.002) with significant sex differences; PMI reduction was significant in boys (β=-0.09; p=0.02) but not in girls (β=0.021; p=0.63), p for interaction=0.06. In contrast, SMI reduction was significantly more pronounced in girls. Furthermore, negative associations PMI (β=-0.19; p<0.001) and SMI (β=-0.35; p<0.001) were a function of urinary iAs levels, independently of TAs; however, the reduction in PMI was more pronounced in boys (β=-0.24; p<0.001; girls β=-0.15; p<0.001), p for interaction=0.04. A significant negative association was observed between SMI and iAs levels without significant sex differences. TAs and iAs associations with metabolite percentages were in good agreement with those observed with methylation indexes. Our results suggest that iAs plays an important role in reducing As methylation ability and that significant sex differences are present in As metabolism. These differences merit further investigation to confirm our findings and their potential implications for arsenic toxicity in children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge L Rosado
- Escuela de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Querétaro, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Valentina M Rodriguez
- International Exchange Program for Minority Students, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eunice Vera-Aguilar
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México City, Mexico
| | - Katarzyna Kordas
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Gonzalo G García-Vargas
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Gómez Palacio, Durango, Mexico
| | - Mariano E Cebrian
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México City, Mexico.
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Hallauer J, Geng X, Yang HC, Shen J, Tsai KJ, Liu Z. The Effect of Chronic Arsenic Exposure in Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2016; 13:405-12. [PMID: 27140519 PMCID: PMC5035366 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2016.1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic is a prevalent environmental toxin and a Group one human carcinogenic agent. Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with many human diseases. The aim of this study is to evaluate zebrafish as an animal model to assess arsenic toxicity in elevated long-term arsenic exposure. With prolonged exposure (6 months) to various concentrations of arsenic from 50 ppb to 300 ppb, effects of arsenic accumulation in zebrafish tissues, and phenotypes were investigated. Results showed that there are no significant changes of arsenic retention in zebrafish tissues, and zebrafish did not exhibit any visible tumor formation under arsenic exposure conditions. However, the zebrafish demonstrate a dysfunction in their neurological system, which is reflected by a reduction of locomotive activity. Moreover, elevated levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD2) protein were detected in the eye and liver, suggesting increased oxidative stress. In addition, the progenies of arsenic-treated parents displayed a smaller biomass (four-fold reduction in body weight) compared with those from their parental controls. This result indicates that arsenic may induce genetic or epigenetic changes that are then passed on to the next generation. Overall, this study demonstrates that zebrafish is a convenient vertebrate model with advantages in the evaluation of arsenic-associated neurological disorders as well as its influences on the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janell Hallauer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Xiangrong Geng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Hung-Chi Yang
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jian Shen
- Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Kan-Jen Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Zijuan Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
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Gilbert-Diamond D, Emond JA, Baker ER, Korrick SA, Karagas MR. Relation between in Utero Arsenic Exposure and Birth Outcomes in a Cohort of Mothers and Their Newborns from New Hampshire. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2016; 124:1299-307. [PMID: 26955061 PMCID: PMC4977046 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1510065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest that arsenic exposure influences birth outcomes; however, findings are mixed. OBJECTIVE We assessed in utero arsenic exposure in relation to birth outcomes and whether maternal prepregnancy weight and infant sex modified the associations. METHODS Among 706 mother-infant pairs exposed to low levels of arsenic through drinking water and diet, we assessed in utero arsenic exposure using maternal second-trimester urinary arsenic, maternal prepregnancy weight through self-report, and birth outcomes from medical records. RESULTS Median (interquartile range) of total urinary arsenic [tAs; inorganic arsenic (iAs) + monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) + dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)] was 3.4 μg/L (1.7-6.0). In adjusted linear models, each doubling of tAs was associated with a 0.10-cm decrease (95% CI: -0.19, -0.01) in head circumference. Results were similar for MMA and DMA. Ln(tAs) and ln(DMA) were positively associated with birth length in infant males only; among males, each doubling of tAs was associated with a 0.28-cm increase (95% CI: 0.09, 0.46) in birth length (pinteraction = 0.04). Results were similar for DMA. Additionally, arsenic exposure was inversely related to ponderal index, and associations differed by maternal weight. Each ln(tAs) doubling of tAs was associated with a 0.55-kg/m3 lower (95% CI: -0.82, -0.28, p < 0.001) ponderal index for infants of overweight/obese, but not normal-weight, mothers (pinteraction < 0.01). Finally, there was a significant interaction between maternal weight status, infant sex, and arsenic exposure on birth weight (pinteraction = 0.03). In girls born of overweight/obese mothers, each doubling of tAs was associated with a 62.9-g decrease (95% CI: -111.6, -14.2) in birth weight, though the association was null in the other strata. CONCLUSIONS Low-level arsenic exposure may affect fetal growth, and the associations may be modified by maternal weight status and infant sex. CITATION Gilbert-Diamond D, Emond JA, Baker ER, Korrick SA, Karagas MR. 2016. Relation between in utero arsenic exposure and birth outcomes in a cohort of mothers and their newborns from New Hampshire. Environ Health Perspect 124:1299-1307; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1510065.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jennifer A. Emond
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Emily R. Baker
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Susan A. Korrick
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Center at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA
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Hall MN, Howe CG, Liu X, Caudill MA, Malysheva O, Ilievski V, Lomax-Luu AM, Parvez F, Siddique AB, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Graziano JH, Gamble MV. Supplementation with Folic Acid, but Not Creatine, Increases Plasma Betaine, Decreases Plasma Dimethylglycine, and Prevents a Decrease in Plasma Choline in Arsenic-Exposed Bangladeshi Adults. J Nutr 2016; 146:1062-7. [PMID: 27052531 PMCID: PMC4841924 DOI: 10.3945/jn.115.227132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folic acid (FA) supplementation facilitates urinary excretion of arsenic, a human carcinogen. A better understanding of interactions between one-carbon metabolism intermediates may improve the ability to design nutrition interventions that further facilitate arsenic excretion. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine if FA and/or creatine supplementation increase choline and betaine and decrease dimethylglycine (DMG). METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of the Folic Acid and Creatine Trial, a randomized trial in arsenic-exposed Bangladeshi adults (n = 605, aged 24-55 y, 50.3% male) who received arsenic-removal water filters. We examined treatment effects of FA and/or creatine supplementation on plasma choline, betaine, and DMG concentrations, measured by LC-tandem mass spectrometry at baseline and at week 12. Group comparisons were between 1) 400 and 800 μg FA/d (FA400 and FA800, respectively) compared with placebo, 2) creatine (3 g/d) compared with placebo, and 3) creatine plus FA400 compared with FA400. RESULTS Choline decreased in the placebo group (-6.6%; 95% CI: -10.2%, -2.9%) but did not change in the FA groups (FA400: 2.5%; 95% CI: -0.9%, 6.1%; FA800: 1.4%; 95% CI: -2.5%, 5.5%; P < 0.05). Betaine did not change in the placebo group (-3.5%; 95% CI: -9.3%, 2.6%) but increased in the FA groups (FA400: 14.1%; 95% CI: 9.4%, 19.0%; FA800: 13.0%; 95% CI: 7.2%, 19.1%; P < 0.01). The decrease in DMG was greater in the FA groups (FA400: -26.7%; 95% CI: -30.9%, -22.2%; FA800: -27.8%; 95% CI: -31.8%, -23.4%) than in the placebo group (-12.3%; 95% CI: -18.1%, -6.2%; P < 0.01). The percentage change in choline, betaine, and DMG did not differ between creatine treatment arms and their respective reference groups. CONCLUSION Supplementation for 12 wk with FA, but not creatine, increases plasma betaine, decreases plasma DMG, and prevents a decrease in plasma choline in arsenic-exposed Bangladeshi adults. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01050556.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xinhua Liu
- Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and
| | - Olga Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and
| | | | | | | | - Abu B Siddique
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Shahriar
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad N Uddin
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tariqul Islam
- Columbia University Arsenic Project in Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Kordas K, Queirolo EI, Mañay N, Peregalli F, Hsiao PY, Lu Y, Vahter M. Low-level arsenic exposure: Nutritional and dietary predictors in first-grade Uruguayan children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016. [PMID: 18774129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure in children is a public health concern but is understudied in relation to the predictors, and effects of low-level exposure. We examined the extent and dietary predictors of exposure to inorganic arsenic in 5-8 year old children from Montevideo, Uruguay. Children were recruited at school; 357 were enrolled, 328 collected morning urine samples, and 317 had two 24-h dietary recalls. Urinary arsenic metabolites, i.e. inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-HG-ICP-MS), and the sum concentration (U-As) used for exposure assessment. Proportions of arsenic metabolites (%iAs, %MMA and %DMA) in urine were modelled in OLS regressions as functions of food groups, dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and nutritional status. Exposure to arsenic was low (median U-As: 9.9µg/L) and household water (water As: median 0.45µg/L) was not a major contributor to exposure. Children with higher consumption of rice had higher U-As but lower %iAs, %MMA, and higher %DMA. Children with higher meat consumption had lower %iAs and higher %DMA. Higher scores on "nutrient dense" dietary pattern were related to lower %iAs and %MMA, and higher %DMA. Higher intake of dietary folate was associated with lower %MMA and higher %DMA. Overweight children had lower %MMA and higher %DMA than normal-weight children. In summary, rice was an important predictor of exposure to inorganic arsenic and DMA. Higher meat and folate consumption, diet rich in green leafy and red-orange vegetables and eggs, and higher BMI contributed to higher arsenic methylation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kordas
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Elena I Queirolo
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pao Ying Hsiao
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vahter
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Kordas K, Queirolo EI, Mañay N, Peregalli F, Hsiao PY, Lu Y, Vahter M. Low-level arsenic exposure: Nutritional and dietary predictors in first-grade Uruguayan children. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 147:16-23. [PMID: 26828624 PMCID: PMC4821778 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic exposure in children is a public health concern but is understudied in relation to the predictors, and effects of low-level exposure. We examined the extent and dietary predictors of exposure to inorganic arsenic in 5-8 year old children from Montevideo, Uruguay. Children were recruited at school; 357 were enrolled, 328 collected morning urine samples, and 317 had two 24-h dietary recalls. Urinary arsenic metabolites, i.e. inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography with hydride generation and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-HG-ICP-MS), and the sum concentration (U-As) used for exposure assessment. Proportions of arsenic metabolites (%iAs, %MMA and %DMA) in urine were modelled in OLS regressions as functions of food groups, dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and nutritional status. Exposure to arsenic was low (median U-As: 9.9µg/L) and household water (water As: median 0.45µg/L) was not a major contributor to exposure. Children with higher consumption of rice had higher U-As but lower %iAs, %MMA, and higher %DMA. Children with higher meat consumption had lower %iAs and higher %DMA. Higher scores on "nutrient dense" dietary pattern were related to lower %iAs and %MMA, and higher %DMA. Higher intake of dietary folate was associated with lower %MMA and higher %DMA. Overweight children had lower %MMA and higher %DMA than normal-weight children. In summary, rice was an important predictor of exposure to inorganic arsenic and DMA. Higher meat and folate consumption, diet rich in green leafy and red-orange vegetables and eggs, and higher BMI contributed to higher arsenic methylation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kordas
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Elena I Queirolo
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nelly Mañay
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of the Republic of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Fabiana Peregalli
- Center for Research, Catholic University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pao Ying Hsiao
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Indiana University of Pennsylvania, Indiana, PA, USA
| | - Ying Lu
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marie Vahter
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Skröder Löveborn H, Kippler M, Lu Y, Ahmed S, Kuehnelt D, Raqib R, Vahter M. Arsenic Metabolism in Children Differs From That in Adults. Toxicol Sci 2016; 152:29-39. [PMID: 27056082 PMCID: PMC4922540 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenic toxicity in adults is associated with methylation efficiency, influenced by factors such as gender, genetics, and nutrition. The aim of this study was to evaluate influencing factors for arsenic metabolism in children. For 488 children (9 years), whose mothers participated in a study on arsenic exposure during pregnancy (nested into the MINIMat trial) in rural Bangladesh, we measured urinary concentrations of inorganic arsenic (iAs) and its metabolites methylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) by HPLC-HG-ICPMS. Methylation efficiency was assessed by relative amounts (%) of the metabolites. We evaluated the impact of factors such as maternal urinary metabolite pattern, arsenic exposure, gender, socioeconomic status, season of sampling, and nutritional factors, including erythrocyte selenium (Ery-Se), and plasma folate and vitamin B12. Children had higher %DMA and lower %iAs in urine compared to their mothers, unrelated to their lower exposure [median urinary arsenic (U-As) 53 vs 78 µg/l]. Surprisingly, selenium status (Ery-Se) was strongly associated with children’s arsenic methylation; an increase in Ery-Se from the 5–95th percentile was associated with: +1.8 percentage points (pp) for %iAs (P = .001), +1.4 pp for %MMA (P = .003), and −3.2 pp for %DMA (P < .001). Despite this, Ery-Se was positively associated with U-As (5–95th percentile: +41 µg/l, P = .026). As expected, plasma folate was inversely associated with %iAs (5–95th percentile: −1.9 pp, P = .001) and positively associated with %DMA (5–95th percentile: +2.2 pp, P = .008). Children methylated arsenic more efficiently than their mothers. Also influencing factors, mainly selenium and folate, differed. This warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Kippler
- *Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden;
| | - Ying Lu
- *Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden
| | - Sultan Ahmed
- *Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden; International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (Icddr,B), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Doris Kuehnelt
- Institute of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, NAWI Graz, University of Graz, Universitaetsplatz 1, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Rubhana Raqib
- International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (Icddr,B), Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Marie Vahter
- *Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden;
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Peters BA, Hall MN, Liu X, Parvez F, Sanchez TR, van Geen A, Mey JL, Siddique AB, Shahriar H, Uddin MN, Islam T, Balac O, Ilievski V, Factor-Litvak P, Graziano JH, Gamble MV. Folic Acid and Creatine as Therapeutic Approaches to Lower Blood Arsenic: A Randomized Controlled Trial. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:1294-301. [PMID: 25978852 PMCID: PMC4671237 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1409396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization estimates that > 140 million people worldwide are exposed to arsenic (As)-contaminated drinking water. As undergoes biologic methylation, which facilitates renal As elimination. In folate-deficient individuals, this process is augmented by folic acid (FA) supplementation, thereby lowering blood As (bAs). Creatinine concentrations in urine are a robust predictor of As methylation patterns. Although the reasons for this are unclear, creatine synthesis is a major consumer of methyl donors, and this synthesis is down-regulated by dietary/supplemental creatine. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to determine whether 400 or 800 μg FA and/or creatine supplementation lowers bAs in an As-exposed Bangladeshi population. METHODS We conducted a clinical trial in which 622 participants were randomized to receive 400 μg FA, 800 μg FA, 3 g creatine, 3 g creatine+400 μg FA, or placebo daily. All participants received an As-removal filter on enrollment, and were followed for 24 weeks. After the 12th week, half of the two FA groups were switched to placebo to evaluate post-treatment bAs patterns. RESULTS Linear models with repeated measures indicated that the decline in ln(bAs) from baseline in the 800-μg FA group exceeded that of the placebo group (weeks 1-12: β= -0.09, 95% CI: -0.18, -0.01; weeks 13-24: FA continued: β= -0.12, 95% CI: -0.24, -0.00; FA switched to placebo: β= -0.14, 95% CI: -0.26, -0.02). There was no rebound in bAs related to cessation of FA supplementation. Declines in bAs observed in the remaining treatment arms were not significantly different from those of the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS In this mixed folate-deficient/replete study population, 12- and 24-week treatment with 800 μg (but not 400 μg) FA lowered bAs to a greater extent than placebo; this was sustained 12 weeks after FA cessation. In future studies, we will evaluate whether FA and/or creatine altered As methylation profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandilyn A Peters
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Guo X, Cui H, Zhang H, Guan X, Zhang Z, Jia C, Wu J, Yang H, Qiu W, Zhang C, Yang Z, Chen Z, Mao G. Protective Effect of Folic Acid on Oxidative DNA Damage: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1872. [PMID: 26559255 PMCID: PMC4912249 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although previous reports have linked DNA damage with both transmissions across generations as well as our own survival, it is unknown how to reverse the lesion. Based on the data from a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial, this study aimed to assess the efficacy of folic acid supplementation (FAS) on DNA oxidative damage reversal.In this randomized clinical trial (RCT), a total of 450 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to 3 groups to receive folic acid (FA) 0.4 mg/day (low-FA), 0.8 mg/day (high-FA), or placebo (control) for 8 weeks. The urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and creatinine (Cr) concentration at pre- and post-FAS were measured with modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), respectively. A multivariate general linear model was applied to assess the individual effects of FAS and the joint effects between FAS and hypercholesterolemia on oxidative DNA damage improvement. This clinical trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02235948.Of the 438 subjects that received FA fortification or placebo, the median (first quartile, third quartile) of urinary 8-OHdG/Cr for placebo, low-FA, and high-FA groups were 58.19 (43.90, 82.26), 53.51 (38.97, 72.74), 54.73 (39.58, 76.63) ng/mg at baseline and 57.77 (44.35, 81.33), 51.73 (38.20, 71.30), and 50.65 (37.64, 76.17) ng/mg at the 56th day, respectively. A significant decrease of urinary 8-OHdG was observed after 56 days FA fortification (P < 0.001). Compared with the placebo, after adjusting for some potential confounding factors, including the baseline urinary 8-OHdG/Cr, the urinary 8-OHdG/Cr concentration significantly decreased after 56 days FAS [β (95% confidence interval) = -0.88 (-1.62, -0.14) and P = 0.020 for low-FA; and β (95% confidence interval) = -2.68 (-3.42, -1.94) and P < 0.001 for high-FA] in a dose-response fashion (Ptrend < 0.001). Test of interaction between hypercholesterolemia and FA supplementation on urinary 8-OHdG reduction was significant (P = 0.001).The present study demonstrates that FA fortification is independently linked to the reduction of urinary 8-OHdG/Cr in a dose-related pattern, which suggests that FA is beneficial to protect against oxidative damage to DNA. This effect is apparently stronger in those with hypercholesterolemia. The authors provide a new insight into the prevention and reversal of oxidative DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Guo
- From the School of Environmental Science & Public Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (XG, HZ, XG, CJ, HY, WQ, CZ, GM); School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia (XG, ZZ); University Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (HC); School of Laboratory Medicine & Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou (JW); Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Wuyuan County, Inner Mongolia, China (ZY); Center on the Early Life Origins of Disease, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (ZC, GM); and Center on Clinical & Epidemiological Eye Disease, the Affiliated Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (GM)
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King KE, Darrah TH, Money E, Meentemeyer R, Maguire RL, Nye MD, Michener L, Murtha AP, Jirtle R, Murphy SK, Mendez MA, Robarge W, Vengosh A, Hoyo C. Geographic clustering of elevated blood heavy metal levels in pregnant women. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:1035. [PMID: 26449855 PMCID: PMC4599656 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) exposure is ubiquitous and has been associated with higher risk of growth restriction and cardiometabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders. However, cost-efficient strategies to identify at-risk populations and potential sources of exposure to inform mitigation efforts are limited. The objective of this study was to describe the spatial distribution and identify factors associated with Cd, Pb, Hg, and As concentrations in peripheral blood of pregnant women. Methods Heavy metals were measured in whole peripheral blood of 310 pregnant women obtained at gestational age ~12 weeks. Prenatal residential addresses were geocoded and geospatial analysis (Getis-Ord Gi* statistics) was used to determine if elevated blood concentrations were geographically clustered. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with elevated blood metal levels and cluster membership. Results Geospatial clusters for Cd and Pb were identified with high confidence (p-value for Gi* statistic <0.01). The Cd and Pb clusters comprised 10.5 and 9.2 % of Durham County residents, respectively. Medians and interquartile ranges of blood concentrations (μg/dL) for all participants were Cd 0.02 (0.01–0.04), Hg 0.03 (0.01–0.07), Pb 0.34 (0.16–0.83), and As 0.04 (0.04–0.05). In the Cd cluster, medians and interquartile ranges of blood concentrations (μg/dL) were Cd 0.06 (0.02–0.16), Hg 0.02 (0.00–0.05), Pb 0.54 (0.23–1.23), and As 0.05 (0.04–0.05). In the Pb cluster, medians and interquartile ranges of blood concentrations (μg/dL) were Cd 0.03 (0.02–0.15), Hg 0.01 (0.01–0.05), Pb 0.39 (0.24–0.74), and As 0.04 (0.04–0.05). Co-exposure with Pb and Cd was also clustered, the p-values for the Gi* statistic for Pb and Cd was <0.01. Cluster membership was associated with lower education levels and higher pre-pregnancy BMI. Conclusions Our data support that elevated blood concentrations of Cd and Pb are spatially clustered in this urban environment compared to the surrounding areas. Spatial analysis of metals concentrations in peripheral blood or urine obtained routinely during prenatal care can be useful in surveillance of heavy metal exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E King
- Biodemography of Aging Research Unit (BARU), Duke University, Room A110C, Erwin Mill Building, 2024 W. Main St, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Thomas H Darrah
- Division of Water, Climate, and the Environment, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, 275 Mendenhall Laboratory, 125th South Oval, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Eric Money
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, 5125 Jordan Hall, Campus Box 7106, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Ross Meentemeyer
- Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, 5125 Jordan Hall, Campus Box 7106, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Rachel L Maguire
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, 850 Man Campus Dr, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Monica D Nye
- Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - Lloyd Michener
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University, 2200 Main St, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Amy P Murtha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, 2608 Erwin Rd, Suite 210, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Randy Jirtle
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, 850 Man Campus Dr, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Susan K Murphy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University, 2608 Erwin Rd, Suite 210, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Michelle A Mendez
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina, 101 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Wayne Robarge
- Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, PO Box 7619, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Avner Vengosh
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 450 Research Dr, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Cathrine Hoyo
- Department of Biological Sciences, and Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, 850 Man Campus Dr, Campus Box 7633, Raleigh, NC, USA.
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Creatinine, arsenic metabolism, and renal function in an arsenic-exposed population in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2014; 9:e113760. [PMID: 25438247 PMCID: PMC4249915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0113760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease is emerging as an arsenic (As)-linked disease outcome, however further evidence of this association is warranted. Our first objective for this paper was to examine the potential renal toxicity of As exposure in Bangladesh. Our second objective relates to examining whether the previously reported positive association between urinary creatinine (uCrn) and As methylation may be explained by renal function. We had hypothesized that these associations relate to supply and demand for s-adenosylmethionine, the methyl donor for both creatine synthesis and As methylation. Alternatively, renal function could influence both As and creatinine excretion, or the As metabolites may influence renal function, which in turn influences uCrn. We conducted a cross-sectional study (N = 478) of adults, composed of a sample recruited in 2001 and a sample recruited in 2003. We assessed renal function using plasma cystatin C, and calculated the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Consistent with renal toxicity of As, log-uAs had a marginal inverse association with eGFR in the 2003 sample (b = -5.6, p = 0.07), however this association was not significant in the 2001 sample (b = -1.9, p = 0.24). Adjustment for eGFR did not alter the associations between uCrn and the %uAs metabolites, indicating that GFR does not explain these associations. Increased eGFR was associated with increased odds of having %uInAs >12.2% (2001: OR = 1.01, 95%CI (1.00,1.03); 2003: OR = 1.04, 95%CI (1.01,1.07)). In the 2003 sample only, there was a negative association between eGFR and %uDMA (b = -0.08, p = 0.02). These results may indicate differential effects of renal function on excretion of InAs and DMA. Alternatively, a certain methylation pattern, involving decreased %InAs and increased %DMA, may reduce renal function. Given that these studies were cross-sectional, we cannot distinguish between these two possibilities. Discrepancies between the samples may be due to the higher As exposure, poorer nutrition, and lower As methylation capacity in the 2003 sample.
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Seo J, Lee JY, Sung MS, Byun CJ, Cho DH, Lee HJ, Park JH, Cho HS, Cho SJ, Jo I. Arsenite Acutely Decreases Nitric Oxide Production via the ROS-Protein Phosphatase 1-Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase-Thr(497) Signaling Cascade. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2014; 22:510-8. [PMID: 25489418 PMCID: PMC4256030 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2014.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic (>24 h) exposure of arsenite, an environmental toxicant, has shown the decreased nitric oxide (NO) production in endothelial cells (EC) by decreasing endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) expression and/or its phosphorylation at serine 1179 (eNOS-Ser1179 in bovine sequence), which is associated with increased risk of vascular diseases. Here, we investigated the acute (<24 h) effect of arsenite on NO production using bovine aortic EC (BAEC). Arsenite acutely increased the phosphorylation of eNOS-Thr497, but not of eNOS-Ser116 or eNOS-Ser1179, which was accompanied by decreased NO production. The level of eNOS expression was unaltered under this condition. Treatment with arsenite also induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and pretreatment with a ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) completely reversed the observed effect of arsenite on eNOS-Thr497 phosphorylation. Although protein kinase C (PKC) and protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) were reported to be involved in eNOS-Thr497 phosphorylation, treatment with PKC inhibitor, Ro318425, and overexpression of various PKC isoforms did not affect the arsenite-stimulated eNOS-Thr497 phosphorylation. In contrast, treatment with PP1 inhibitor, calyculin A, mimicked the observed effect of arsenite on eNOS-Thr497 phosphorylation. Lastly, we found decreased cellular PP1 activity in arsenite-treated cells, which was reversed by NAC. Overall, our study demonstrates firstly that arsenite acutely decreases NO production at least in part by increasing eNOS-Thr497 phosphorylation via ROS-PP1 signaling pathway, which provide the molecular mechanism underlying arsenite-induced increase in vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwon Seo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710 ; Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749
| | - Jee Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710
| | - Min-Sun Sung
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710
| | | | - Du-Hyong Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Eulji University, Daejeon 301-768
| | - Hyeon-Ju Lee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710
| | - Ho-Seong Cho
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756
| | - Sung-Jin Cho
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 362-763, Republic of Korea
| | - Inho Jo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 158-710
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The influence of early life nutrition on epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of the immune system. Nutrients 2014; 6:4706-19. [PMID: 25353665 PMCID: PMC4245558 DOI: 10.3390/nu6114706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune system is exquisitely sensitive to environmental changes. Diet constitutes one of the major environmental factors that exerts a profound effect on immune system development and function. Epigenetics is the study of mitotically heritable, yet potentially reversible, molecular modifications to DNA and chromatin without alteration to the underlying DNA sequence. Nutriepigenomics is an emerging discipline examining the role of dietary influences on gene expression. There is increasing evidence that the epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression during immune differentiation are directly affected by dietary factors or indirectly through modifications in gut microbiota induced by different dietary habits. Short-chain fatty acids, in particular butyrate, produced by selected bacteria stains within gut microbiota, are crucial players in this network.
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