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Ali SA, Destaye AG. Apparent Khat chewers exposure to DDT in Ethiopia and its potential toxic effects: A scoping review. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 147:105555. [PMID: 38142813 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2023.105555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) is an insecticide, a member of dirty dozen persistent organic pollutants, used widely in the world until it was banned in the 1970s.The banning of DDT was strengthened by the Stockholm Convention in 2001. DDT is allowed only for malaria control in Ethiopia. However, farmers are misusing DDT and applying it to Khat (Catha edulis) farming. So, this review analyzes available data in the literature on the current trend, application, occurrence, fate and effects of DDT and its metabolites, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), in the chewable parts of Khat. Generally, the concentration level of DDT, DDD, and DDE, designated as DDTs, is detected in different farmlands of Ethiopia. Some of the DDTs concentrations detected are very high (141.2-973 μg/kg (Gelemso), 194.4-999 μg/kg (Aseno) and 6253-8413.3 μg/kg (Gurage), and these concentrations may indicate increasing recent unmonitored application of DDT on Khat leaves. Some of the detected concentrations of DDT in the literature were above the maximum residue limit (MRL) set by FAO/WHO (100 μg/kg) and the European Commission 10 μg/kg in vegetables and 50 μg/kg in cereals. DDT exposure of Khat chewers linked to the concentration of DDT on Khat leaves and the amount of Khat consumed. DDT might pose health risks to chewers due to chronic toxicity, bioaccumulation, persistent and endocrine disruption properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimels Ayalew Ali
- Department of Biology, Environmental Toxicology, Dire Dawa University, Ethiopia.
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2
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Ermler S, Kortenkamp A. Systematic review of associations of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure with declining semen quality in support of the derivation of reference doses for mixture risk assessments. Environ Health 2022; 21:94. [PMID: 36217156 PMCID: PMC9552438 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-022-00904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixture risk assessments require reference doses for common health endpoints of all the chemicals to be considered together. In support of a mixture risk assessment for male reproductive health, we conducted a systematic review of the literature on associations between exposures to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and declines in semen quality. PCBs can act as Aryl-hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR)-agonists and Androgen Receptor (AR)-antagonists, both mechanisms which can affect sperm parameters. PCBs and other AR-antagonists can produce additive combination effects. Based on these observations our objective was to systematically gather data from animal and human studies to derive a reference dose for declines in semen quality for individual PCB. METHODS We systematically reviewed and evaluated the evidence in human epidemiological and experimental animal studies on associations between PCBs and deteriorations in semen quality. Human data and findings from animal studies with PCB mixtures were considered as supporting evidence. Information for individual congeners from animal studies was required for inclusion in mixture risk assessment. Using a robust confidence rating approach, we identified suitable studies to derive reference doses for individual PCB congeners. RESULTS Evaluation of human epidemiological studies revealed several reports of adverse effects on sperm parameters linked to PCB exposures, although some studies reported improved semen quality. Our review of experimental animal studies found that treatments with PCBs affected semen quality, in most cases adversely. We found robust evidence that PCB-118 and -169 were linked to declines in semen quality. Evidence for adverse effects of PCB-126, -132, -149, and -153 was moderate, whereas for PCB-77 it was slight and for PCB-180 indeterminate. Using widely accepted risk assessment procedures, we estimated reference dose values of 0.0029 µg/kg/day for PCB-118 and 0.00533 µg/kg/day for PCB-169. In addition, we derived values for PCB-126: 0.000073 µg/kg/day, PCB-132: 0.0228 µg/kg/day, PCB-149: 0.656 µg/kg/day, and PCB-153: 0.0058 µg/kg/day. CONCLUSIONS We found robust evidence for links between PCB exposure and deteriorations in semen quality, and derived reference doses for a set of congeners. We intend to use these values in combination with congener-specific exposure data in a mixture risk assessment for declines in semen quality, involving several other antiandrogenic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibylle Ermler
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK.
| | - Andreas Kortenkamp
- College of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Centre for Pollution Research and Policy, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH, UK
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3
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Miao Y, Zeng JY, Rong M, Li M, Zhang L, Liu C, Tian KM, Yang KD, Liu CJ, Zeng Q. Organochlorine pesticide exposures, metabolic enzyme genetic polymorphisms and semen quality parameters among men attending an infertility clinic. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 303:135010. [PMID: 35605733 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The associations of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with semen quality from human studies are conflicting, and also it is largely unknown whether the associations are modified by genetic polymorphisms. We aimed to evaluate the associations between serum concentrations of 18 OCPs and semen quality among 387 Chinese men, and further to examine the modifying effects by genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 (CYP2E1) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTT1). Multivariable linear regressions were used to evaluate the relationships between serum OCP concentrations and semen quality, and the role of CYP2E1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in modifying the associations were assessed. Multiple testing was adjusted using the false discovery rate (FDR). We observed that men with detectable concentrations of serum ɤ-HCH had a decrease in sperm motility of 7.07% (95% CI: -10.9%, -3.24%) compared to those with undetectable concentrations (FDR-P value = 0.02). Men with TT of CYP2E1 rs 915906 genotypes had higher median concentrations of serum dieldrin compared with those with CT/CC of CYP2E1 rs 915906 genotypes. There were interactions between CYP2E1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and certain OCPs namely ɤ-HCH, δ-HCH, dieldrin, endosulfan I, and endrin aldehyde on semen quality. For example, elevated dieldrin levels in relation to decreased sperm concentration, sperm count, and sperm motility were only observed among men with CC of CYP2E1 rs2031920 genotypes (all Pinteraction < 0.05). However, these interactions were not statistically significant after the FDR adjustment. Our results suggested that CYP2E1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms may modify the effects of OCP exposures on semen quality. Due to the relatively small size samples, further investigation is warranted to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Miao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jia-Yue Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Mao Rong
- Hubei Provincial Institute for Food Supervision and Test, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Food Quality and Safety Test, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Min Li
- Hubei Provincial Institute for Food Supervision and Test, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Food Quality and Safety Test, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Institute for Food Supervision and Test, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Hubei Provincial Engineering and Technology Research Center for Food Quality and Safety Test, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Kun-Ming Tian
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ke-Di Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chang-Jiang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
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Carlo G, Valentina M, Daniele C, Simone S, Edlira S, Giancarlo B, Benedetto GA. The environmental and occupational influence of pesticides on male fertility: a systematic review of human studies. Andrology 2022; 10:1250-1271. [PMID: 35793270 PMCID: PMC9541307 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environment plays a key role in male infertility, changing the incidence in various populations, and pesticides are one of the most studied hazards. The use of the latter has never decreased, jeopardizing the safety of workers and the general population. OBJECTIVE Our purpose was to summarize the results of studies discussing the association between pesticides and male fertility. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed through MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Only human studies were considered. Semen parameters, and DNA integrity were considered to evaluate the effect of pesticides on men. RESULTS A total of 64 studies that investigated their impact in terms of semen parameters (51 studies), chromatin and DNA integrity (25 studies), were included. The most frequently affected parameters were total sperm count sperm motility and morphology, although a reduction in ejaculate volume and concentration occur in several cases. A tangible worsening of semen quality was associated with organochlorines and organophosphates. Furthermore, pesticide exposure, especially pyrethroids, was related to a higher DNA fragmentation index and chromosome aneuploidy in most articles. CONCLUSION The epidemiological evidence supports the association between pesticides and male fertility for workers and the exposed population in terms of semen quality, DNA fragmentation and chromosome aneuploidy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulioni Carlo
- "Polytechnic University of Marche Region", Department of Urology, Ancona, Italy
| | - Maurizi Valentina
- "Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ospedali Riuniti" University Hospital, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Ancona, Italy
| | - Castellani Daniele
- "Ospedali Riuniti" University Hospital, Department of Urology, Ancona, Italy
| | - Scarcella Simone
- "Polytechnic University of Marche Region", Department of Urology, Ancona, Italy
| | - Skrami Edlira
- "Polytechnic University of Marche Region", Centre of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Ancona, Italy
| | - Balercia Giancarlo
- "Ospedali Riuniti" University Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Ancona, Italy
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Williams PL, Mínguez-Alarcón L, Korrick SA, Lee MM, Plaku-Alakbarova B, Burns JS, Smigulina L, Dikov Y, Abou Ghayda R, Hauser R, Sergeyev O. Association of peripubertal blood lead levels with reproductive hormones and semen parameters in a longitudinal cohort of Russian men. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:848-858. [PMID: 35038334 PMCID: PMC8971649 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Are peripubertal blood lead levels (BLLs) associated with semen parameters and serum reproductive hormones among young Russian men? SUMMARY ANSWER We observed a suggestion of lower ejaculate volume with higher peripubertal BLL but no associations of BLLs with reproductive hormones measured throughout adolescence or with other sperm parameters measured at adulthood. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Lead is a known reproductive toxicant and endocrine disruptor. Previous literature has shown associations between high lead exposure and poorer semen quality both in occupationally and environmentally exposed men. However, to our knowledge, no longitudinal studies have explored the association of childhood lead exposure with semen parameters and reproductive hormones in young men. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The Russian Children's Study is a prospective cohort study that enrolled 516 boys at age 8-9 years in 2003-2005 and followed them annually for 10 years. BLLs were measured at entry and lifestyle and health questionnaires were completed. Reproductive hormones were measured in blood samples collected every 2 years. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Among the 516 boys enrolled, 481 had BLLs measured at entry. Of these, 453 had at least one measurement of serum testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) or luteinizing hormone (LH) (median = 5 samples per boy) and 223 had semen samples collected ∼10 years after enrolment. Semen assessment included ejaculated volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility and total sperm count, and parameters were categorized using published andrology standards for low semen quality based on sperm count and motility. Linear mixed models were used to examine the associations of log-transformed BLLs (and BLL categories) with reproductive hormones and semen parameters, adjusting for potential confounders. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Among the 223 young men with peripubertal BLLs and at least one semen sample (total samples = 438), the median (interquartile range) BLL was 3 (2, 5) µg/dl and 27% had BLL ≥5 µg/dl. Overall, 49% of the semen samples fell below reference levels for sperm count and/or motility. Men with peripubertal BLL ≥5 µg/dl had significantly lower ejaculated volume than those with BLL <5 µg/dl (mean = 2.42 vs 2.89 ml, P = 0.02), but this difference was attenuated in adjusted models (mean = 2.60 vs 2.83 ml, P = 0.25). No associations were observed between BLL measured at age 8-9 years and reproductive hormone levels or sperm parameters, including sperm concentration, total count, progressive motility and total progressive motile sperm count, or with the probability of having low semen quality based on sperm count/motility. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Only a subset of the original cohort participated in the semen quality portion of the study, although inverse probability weighting was used to account for possible selection bias. BLLs were only measured at a single time in peripuberty, and other exposure time periods, including later or longer-term childhood exposure, may be more predictive of semen quality. The young men were also exposed to other chemical contaminants before and during pubertal development. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS While semen volume often receives less attention than other sperm parameters, it is an important component of male fertility. Additional prospective studies covering different exposure windows and including other seminal plasma biomarkers are warranted to explore our finding of potentially lower ejaculated volume with higher BLLs and to confirm the lack of associations for other semen parameters among youth exposed to environmental BLLs. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) Funding was provided through grants R01ES0014370 and P30ES000002 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, grant R82943701 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and grant 18-15-00202 from the Russian Science Foundation (O.S and Y.D.). All authors report no competing interests. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Correspondence address. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building II, Room 443, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Tel: +1-617-432-3872; E-mail: (P.L.W.) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-574X; Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, Room 322, Moscow 119234, Russia. E-mail: (O.S.) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-3348
| | - Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan A Korrick
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary M Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA,Nemours Children’s Health, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Bora Plaku-Alakbarova
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jane S Burns
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Luidmila Smigulina
- Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Chapaevsk Medical Association, Chapaevsk, Russia
| | - Yury Dikov
- Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Chapaevsk Medical Association, Chapaevsk, Russia
| | - Ramy Abou Ghayda
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Sergeyev
- Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia,Chapaevsk Medical Association, Chapaevsk, Russia,Correspondence address. Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building II, Room 443, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Tel: +1-617-432-3872; E-mail: (P.L.W.) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7160-574X; Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, Room 322, Moscow 119234, Russia. E-mail: (O.S.) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-3348
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Mustafa M, Dar SA, Azmi S, Haque S. The Role of Environmental Toxicant-Induced Oxidative Stress in Male Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:17-32. [PMID: 36472814 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infertility is a serious public health issue affecting around 15% of couples globally. Of the 60-80 million people of reproductive age affected by infertility, 40-50% are due to male factor while 30-40% of cases are still idiopathic. The recent global deterioration in sperm quality raises apprehensions regarding the toxic effects of environmental pollutants on reproductive health of males. Environmental toxicants have shown strong evidences for inducing oxidative stress affecting spermatogenesis severely, thereby leading to reduced sperm motility, count, and DNA damage. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) influences the spermatozoa development and transit process both internally and externally. Low level of ROS is indispensable for critical physiological sperm processes like sperm capacitation, motility, acrosome reaction, hyper-activation, sperm-oocyte interaction, etc., while excessive ROS disrupt antioxidant molecules which is detrimental to normal functioning of the sperm. Hence, identification of potential environmental toxicant may have clinical relevance for early screening and diagnosis of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mustafa
- Scientific Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajad Ahmad Dar
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfuddin Azmi
- Scientific Research Centre, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Rato L, Sousa ACA. The Impact of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Male Fertility: Focus on the Action of Obesogens. J Xenobiot 2021; 11:163-196. [PMID: 34940512 PMCID: PMC8709303 DOI: 10.3390/jox11040012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current scenario of male infertility is not yet fully elucidated; however, there is increasing evidence that it is associated with the widespread exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and in particular to obesogens. These compounds interfere with hormones involved in the regulation of metabolism and are associated with weight gain, being also able to change the functioning of the male reproductive axis and, consequently, the testicular physiology and metabolism that are pivotal for spermatogenesis. The disruption of these tightly regulated metabolic pathways leads to adverse reproductive outcomes. The permanent exposure to obesogens has raised serious health concerns. Evidence suggests that obesogens are one of the leading causes of the marked decline of male fertility and key players in shaping the future health outcomes not only for those who are directly exposed but also for upcoming generations. In addition to the changes that lead to inefficient functioning of the male gametes, obesogens induce alterations that are “imprinted” on the genes of the male gametes, establishing a link between generations and contributing to the transmission of defects. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms by which obesogens induce toxicity that may end-up in epigenetic modifications is imperative. This review describes and discusses the suggested molecular targets and potential mechanisms for obesogenic–disrupting chemicals and the subsequent effects on male reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Rato
- Health School of the Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-035 Guarda, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (A.C.A.S.)
| | - Ana C. A. Sousa
- Department of Biology, School of Science and Technology, University of Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.R.); (A.C.A.S.)
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Fucic A, Duca RC, Galea KS, Maric T, Garcia K, Bloom MS, Andersen HR, Vena JE. Reproductive Health Risks Associated with Occupational and Environmental Exposure to Pesticides. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18126576. [PMID: 34207279 PMCID: PMC8296378 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A marked reduction in fertility and an increase in adverse reproductive outcomes during the last few decades have been associated with occupational and environmental chemical exposures. Exposure to different types of pesticides may increase the risks of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease, but also of reduced fertility and birth defects. Both occupational and environmental exposures to pesticides are important, as many are endocrine disruptors, which means that even very low-dose exposure levels may have measurable biological effects. The aim of this review was to summarize the knowledge collected between 2000 and 2020, to highlight new findings, and to further interpret the mechanisms that may associate pesticides with infertility, abnormal sexual maturation, and pregnancy complications associated with occupational, environmental and transplacental exposures. A summary of current pesticide production and usage legislation is also included in order to elucidate the potential impact on exposure profile differences between countries, which may inform prevention measures. Recommendations for the medical surveillance of occupationally exposed populations, which should be facilitated by the biomonitoring of reduced fertility, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Fucic
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-15682500; Fax: +3814673303
| | - Radu C. Duca
- Unit Environmental Hygiene and Human Biological Monitoring, Department of Health Protection, National Health Laboratory, L-3555 Dudelange, Luxembourg;
- Centre for Environment and Health, KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen S. Galea
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, UK;
| | - Tihana Maric
- Medical School, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Kelly Garcia
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (K.G.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA; (K.G.); (M.S.B.)
| | - Helle R. Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark;
| | - John E. Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
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Zhang JM, Wang QY, Han XY, He QL, Liu L, Zhang YT, Meng XQ, Cheng D, Zhang TL, Liu SZ. Effects of 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl exposure during pregnancy on DNA methylation in the testis of offspring in the mouse. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:1048-1059. [PMID: 32758352 DOI: 10.1071/rd19412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants, and the widespread use of PCBs has had adverse effects on human and animal health. This study experiment explored the effects of 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) on the mammalian reproductive system. PCB118 was administered to pregnant mice from 7.5 to 12.5 days of gestation; F1 mice were obtained and the reproductive system of F1 male mice was examined. PCB118 damaged the reproductive system in male F1 mice, as evidenced by negative effects on the testicular organ coefficient (testes weight/bodyweight), a decrease in the diameter of seminiferous tubules and a significant reduction in the anogenital distance in 35-day-old F1 mice. In addition, methylation levels of genomic DNA were reduced, with reductions in the expression of the DNA methyltransferases DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B, as well as that of the epigenetic regulatory factor ubiquitin like with PHD and ring finger domains 1 (Uhrf1). Together, the results of this study provide compelling evidence that exposure of pregnant mice to PCB118 during primordial germ cell migration in the fetus affects the reproductive system of the offspring and decreases global methylation levels in the testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Mei Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qiu-Yue Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Han
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Qi-Long He
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yong-Tao Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Meng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Tian-Liang Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China; and Corresponding author.
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11
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Determination of Mitotane (DDD) and Principal Metabolite by a Simple HPLC-UV Method and Its Validation in Human Plasma Samples. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8050063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitotane (DDD) is prescribed in adrenocortical renal carcinoma. Its principal metabolite, dichlorodiphenylethene (DDE), can accumulate in fat tissues and from a toxicological point of view, is probably more interesting than the other metabolite dichlorodiphenylacetate (DDA). Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of DDD plasma concentrations is required to combine therapeutic efficacy with acceptable toxicity. Therefore, we developed a simple and fast HPLC-UV method to monitor plasma concentrations after a liquid–liquid extraction of plasma calibration samples, quality controls, and anonymous plasma samples with unknown DDD and DDE concentrations. Samples were injected into an HPLC instrument and peaks of mitotane (DDD), DDE and aldrin (internal standard, IS) were resolved by a stationary phase C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), maintained at 35 °C. Mobile phase, made by water/acetonitrile (10/90, v/v), was pumped at a flow of 1.0 mL/min, and absorbance was monitored at a wavelength of 226 nm. Average recovery was 95% for all analytes, and the method was linear for both DDD (r2 = 0.9988, range 1–50 mg/L) and DDE (r2 = 0.9964, range 1–40 mg/L). The values of limit of detection and quantitation were 0.102 and 0.310 mg/L for DDD and 0.036 and 0.108 mg/L for DDE, respectively. The retention time values of DDD, DDE and IS were 7.06, 9.42 and 12.60 min, respectively. The method was successfully validated according to FDA guidelines and finally adopted for routine TDM.
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Amir S, Tzatzarakis M, Mamoulakis C, Bello JH, Eqani SAMAS, Vakonaki E, Karavitakis M, Sultan S, Tahir F, Shah STA, Tsatsakis A. Impact of organochlorine pollutants on semen parameters of infertile men in Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110832. [PMID: 33549619 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Male infertility is a major problem with important socioeconomic consequences. It is associated with several pathological factors, including but not limited to endocrine disruption as a result of environmental pollution and the alarming decline in sperm count over the decades is indicative of involvement of many environmental and lifestyle changes around the globe. Organochlorine pollutants such as dichlorodiphenyltrichlorethanes (DDTs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) disrupt male reproductive system but the exact effect of environmental exposure on semen parameters in human is still not clear. This study was designed to monitor PCBs, DDTs and HCB in hair, urine and serum samples of infertile and healthy fertile men. Solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME/GC-MS) was used to monitor analytes. All tested compounds were detected, indicating recent use/persistent accumulation. Hair samples revealed no significant association with serum/urine concentrations of the analytes, while serum/urine concentrations were significantly correlated positively. Concentrations were higher in serum compared to other samples. The levels of organochlorine pollutants were higher in infertile men compared to controls with few exceptions. Among PCBs, and DDTs, PCB-153 and pp'-DDT were detected in highest concentrations, respectively. op'-DDT and pp'-DDT levels were significantly higher in infertile men compared to controls. HCB was significantly correlated negatively with sperm motility in all samples. Serum concentrations of all compounds were higher in men with defective semen parameters compared to normospermics. Serum was the best biological sample for assessing health outcomes in relation to exposure levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saira Amir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Manolis Tzatzarakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Charalampos Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Jaafar Haris Bello
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | | | - Elena Vakonaki
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Markos Karavitakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Sikandar Sultan
- Public Health Laboratories Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faheem Tahir
- Public Health Laboratories Division, National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tahir Abbas Shah
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece.
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Lin BG, Chen CR, Chen XC, Qiao J, Yan QX, Yang P, Chen WL, Li LZ, Qiu PC, Ding C, Huang DJ, Yu YJ. Effects of organochlorine exposure on male reproductive disorders in an electronic waste area of South China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 147:106318. [PMID: 33387882 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that organochlorine exposure can affect male reproductive functions, causing poor semen quality, endocrine disruption, or dysregulation of thyroid hormones. This study uses multiple linear regression (MLR) models to analyze the correlation between male reproductive functions and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) congeners or p,p'-DDE levels in serum, semen, and indoor dust samples. Multiple comparisons were all adjusted using the false discovery rate (FDR). The results revealed that the PCB congener levels in seminal plasma were significantly associated with the quality parameters of human semen (i.e., sperm count, morphology, and motility) and thyroid hormones after adjusting for covariates, e.g., associations of the sperm concentration with levels of CB105 (β = -0.323, 95% CI: -0.561, -0.085, p = 0.009), CB44 (β = 0.585, 95% CI: 0.290, 0.880, p < 0.001), and CB66 (β = -0.435, 95% CI: -0.728, -0.143, p = 0.004) in the seminal plasma were observed. Correlations between serum pollutants levels and the semen quality, reproductive hormones, or thyroid hormones were also observed. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the quantification of PCBs in seminal plasma can better describe male reproductive disorders than that in serum or dust. Organochlorine exposure measured in serum or dust, especially in seminal plasma, was associated with semen quality, as well as reproductive and thyroid hormones, thus suggesting that the impacts of persistent pollutants on male reproductive health require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Gui Lin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Cai-Rong Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Hospital of Qingyuan, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Xi-Chao Chen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Jing Qiao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Hospital of Qingyuan, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Qiu-Xia Yan
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Hospital of Qingyuan, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Pan Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of the Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Wan-le Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Hospital of Qingyuan, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Liang-Zhong Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Pei-Chang Qiu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, People's Hospital of Qingyuan, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan 511518, PR China
| | - Cheng Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, PR China
| | - Dao-Jian Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China
| | - Yun-Jiang Yu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510655, PR China.
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Rodprasert W, Toppari J, Virtanen HE. Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Reproductive Health in Boys and Men. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:706532. [PMID: 34690925 PMCID: PMC8530230 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.706532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Male reproductive health has declined as indicated by increasing rates of cryptorchidism, i.e., undescended testis, poor semen quality, low serum testosterone level, and testicular cancer. Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has been proposed to have a role in this finding. In utero exposure to antiandrogenic EDCs, particularly at a sensitive period of fetal testicular development, the so-called 'masculinization programming window (MPW)', can disturb testicular development and function. Low androgen effect during the MPW can cause both short- and long-term reproductive disorders. A concurrent exposure to EDCs may also affect testicular function or damage testicular cells. Evidence from animal studies supports the role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in development of male reproductive disorders. However, evidence from epidemiological studies is relatively mixed. In this article, we review the current literature that evaluated relationship between prenatal EDC exposures and anogenital distance, cryptorchidism, and congenital penile abnormality called hypospadias. We review also studies on the association between early life and postnatal EDC exposure and semen quality, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis hormone levels and testicular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiwat Rodprasert
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Helena E. Virtanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- *Correspondence: Helena E. Virtanen,
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15
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Abou Ghayda R, Sergeyev O, Burns JS, Williams PL, Lee MM, Korrick SA, Smigulina L, Dikov Y, Hauser R, Mínguez-Alarcón L. Peripubertal serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and semen parameters in Russian young men. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106085. [PMID: 32871379 PMCID: PMC9764548 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic literature on the relation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) with semen quality among adult men has been inconclusive, and no studies have prospectively explored the association between peripubertal serum OCPs and semen parameters in young men. OBJECTIVE To evaluate prospective associations of peripubertal serum concentrations of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocylohexane (β-HCH), and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) with semen parameters among young Russian men. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 152 young men who enrolled in the Russian Children's Study (2003-2005) at age 8-9 years and were followed annually until young adulthood. HCB, β-HCH, and p,p'-DDE concentrations were measured at the CDC by mass spectrometry in serum collected at enrollment. Between 18 and 23 years, semen samples (n = 298) were provided for analysis of volume, concentration, and progressive motility; we also calculated total sperm count and total progressive motile count. Linear mixed models were used to examine the longitudinal associations of quartiles of serum HCB, β-HCH and p,p'-DDE with semen parameters, adjusting for total serum lipids, body mass index, smoking, abstinence time and baseline dietary macronutrient intake. RESULTS Lipid-adjusted medians (IQR) for serum HCB, βHCH and p,ṕ-DDE, respectively, were 150 ng/g lipid (102-243), 172 ng/g lipid (120-257) and 275 ng/g lipid (190-465). In adjusted models, we observed lower ejaculated volume with higher serum concentrations of HCB and βHCH, along with reduced progressive motility with higher concentrations of βHCH andp,ṕ-DDE. Men in the highest quartile of serum HCB had a mean (95% Confidence Interval, CI) ejaculated volume of 2.25 mL (1.89, 2.60), as compared to those in the lowest quartile with a mean (95% CI) of 2.97 mL (2.46, 3.49) (p = 0.03). Also, men in the highest quartile of serum p,ṕ-DDE had a mean (95% CI) progressive motility of 51.1% (48.6, 53.7), as compared to those in the lowest quartile with a mean (95% CI) of 55.1% (51.7, 58.5) (p = 0.07). CONCLUSION In this longitudinal Russian cohort study, peripubertal serum concentrations of selected OCPs were associated with lower ejaculated volume and progressive motility highlighting the importance of the peripubertal window when evaluating chemical exposures in relation to semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Abou Ghayda
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oleg Sergeyev
- Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Chapaevsk Medical Association, Chapaevsk, Samara Region, Russia.
| | - Jane S Burns
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics and Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mary M Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Nemours AI duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Susan A Korrick
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yury Dikov
- Group of Epigenetic Epidemiology, A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Chapaevsk Medical Association, Chapaevsk, Samara Region, Russia
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lidia Mínguez-Alarcón
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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16
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Axelsson J, Scott K, Dillner J, Lindh CH, Zhang H, Rylander L, Rignell-Hydbom A. Exposure to polychlorinated compounds and cryptorchidism; A nested case-control study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236394. [PMID: 32702712 PMCID: PMC7377911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maldescended testes or cryptorchidism is a genital birth defect that affects 2–9% of all male new-borns. Over the last 40 years there have been reports of increased prevalence in countries like the US, the UK and the Scandinavian countries. This possible increase has in some studies been linked to a foetal exposure to chemical pollutants. In this matched case-control study, we analysed maternal serum samples in early pregnancy for three different organochlorine compounds, to investigate whether the levels were associated with the risk of cryptorchidism. Method Maternal serum samples taken during the first trimester of pregnancy from 165 cases (boys born with cryptorchidism) and 165 controls, matched for birth year and maternal age, parity and smoking habits during the pregnancy, were retrieved from the Southern Sweden Maternity Biobank. The samples were analysed for 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (p,p’-DDE) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), using gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Associations between exposure and cryptorchidism were evaluated by conditional logistic regression. Results We found no statistically significantly associations between exposure to these compounds and cryptorchidism, either when the exposure variables were used as a continuous variable, or when the exposure levels were divided in quartiles. Conclusion We found no evidence of an association between maternal levels of PCB-153, p,p’-DDE or HCB during the pregnancy and the risk of having cryptorchidism in the sons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Axelsson
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Kristin Scott
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joakim Dillner
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christian H. Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - He Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lars Rylander
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Rignell-Hydbom
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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17
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Bliatka D, Nigdelis MP, Chatzimeletiou K, Mastorakos G, Lymperi S, Goulis DG. The effects of postnatal exposure of endocrine disruptors on testicular function: a systematic review and a meta-analysis. Hormones (Athens) 2020; 19:157-169. [PMID: 31925736 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-019-00170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite many epidemiological studies having been conducted, the impact of postnatal exposure of endocrine disruptors (EDs) on testicular function remains a controversial issue. AIM To systematically review the literature and perform a quantitative synthesis to evaluate the effect of EDs on testicular function. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Scopus, and CENTRAL databases. Eligible for the systematic review were observational (cross-sectional and cohort) studies with (i) adult men who had a high probability of postnatal exposure to EDs ("exposed"), (ii) adult men who had a low probability of postnatal exposure to EDs ("non-exposed"), and (iii) an outcome of interest [seminal parameters and reproductive hormone concentrations]. The continuous outcomes in each of the studies were synthesized by the random effects model and expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Thirteen studies, including 959 exposed and 907 non-exposed men, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Exposure to EDs was associated with decreased LH [SMD - 0.17, 95% CI - 0.33 to - 0.02, 10 studies (616 exposed, 563 non-exposed), I2 40%, p = 0.09], progressive motility [SMD - 0.45, 95% CI - 0.77 to - 0.13, three studies (133 cases, 153 controls), I2 38%, p = 0.20], and normal morphology [SMD - 0.50, 95% CI - 0.85 to - 0.14, eight studies (562 cases, 540 controls), I2 87%, p < 0.01] compared with non-exposure. No difference was observed between the other study groups. CONCLUSIONS Postnatal exposure to EDs is associated with decreased semen quality. Nevertheless, there is no evidence that a disruption of testicular function mediates the deterioration in semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Bliatka
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Ring Road, Nea Efkarpia, 564 03, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Meletios P Nigdelis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Chatzimeletiou
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit for Human Reproduction, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Mastorakos
- 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus and Metabolism, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 157 72, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefania Lymperi
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24, Thessaloniki, Greece
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18
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Figueroa ZI, Young HA, Mumford SL, Meeker JD, Barr DB, Gray GM, Perry MJ. Pesticide interactions and risks of sperm chromosomal abnormalities. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:1021-1029. [PMID: 31311690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Disentangling the separate and synergistic effects of chemicals poses methodological challenges for accurate exposure assessment and for investigating epidemiologically how chemicals affect reproduction. We investigated combined exposures to ubiquitous contemporary use pesticides, specifically organophosphates (OP) and pyrethroids (PYR), and their association with germ cell abnormalities among adult men. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to determine disomy in sperm nuclei and urine was analyzed for concentrations of PYR metabolites (3-phenoxybenzoic acid; 3PBA) and OP dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites. Incidence rate ratios using Poisson models were estimated for each disomy type by exposure quartile of DAP metabolites and 3PBA, controlling for confounders. The shape of the associations between PYRs, OPs and disomy were frequently nonmonotonic. There were consistent interactions between OP and PYR metabolite concentrations and the risk for sperm abnormalities. Taking both chemicals into account simultaneously resulted in quantitatively different associations than what was reported previously for OPs and PYRs separately, demonstrating the importance of modeling multiple concentrations simultaneously. Methods investigating interactions using Poisson models are needed to better quantify chemical interactions and their effects on count-based health outcomes, the importance of which was shown here for germ cell abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida I Figueroa
- George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Heather A Young
- George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sunni L Mumford
- National Institutes of Health, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dana B Barr
- Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - George M Gray
- George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Melissa J Perry
- George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Washington, DC, USA.
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19
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Chung MK, Buck Louis GM, Kannan K, Patel CJ. Exposome-wide association study of semen quality: Systematic discovery of endocrine disrupting chemical biomarkers in fertility require large sample sizes. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 125:505-514. [PMID: 30583854 PMCID: PMC6400484 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exposome-wide association studies (EWAS) are a systematic and unbiased way to investigate multiple environmental factors associated with phenotype. We applied EWAS to study semen quality and queried the sample size requirements to detect modest associations in a reproductive cohort. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted 1) a multivariate EWAS of 128 endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from 15 chemical classes measured in urine/serum relative to 7 semen quality endpoints in a prospective cohort study comprising 473 men and 2) estimated the sample size requirements for EWAS etiologic investigations. RESULTS None of the EDCs were associated with semen quality endpoints after adjusting for multiple tests. However, several EDCs (e.g., polychlorinated biphenyl congeners 99, 105, 114, and 167) were associated with raw p < 0.05. In a post hoc statistical power analysis with the observed effect sizes, we determined that EWAS research in male fertility will require a mean sample size of 2696 men (1795-3625) to attain a power of 0.8. The average size of four published studies is 201 men. CONCLUSION Existing cohort studies with hundreds of participants are underpowered (<0.8) for EWAS-related investigations. Merging cohorts to ensure a sufficient sample size can facilitate the use of EWAS methods for assessing EDC mixtures that impact semen quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Kei Chung
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 10 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Germaine M Buck Louis
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6710B Rockledge Drive, Room 3148, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States of America; Dean's Office, College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030, United States of America.
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The University at Albany, Albany, NY 12201, United States of America.
| | - Chirag J Patel
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 10 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
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Roychoudhury S, Saha MR, Saha MM. Environmental Toxicants and Male Reproductive Toxicity: Oxidation-Reduction Potential as a New Marker of Oxidative Stress in Infertile Men. NETWORKING OF MUTAGENS IN ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96511-6_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Lymperi S, Giwercman A. Endocrine disruptors and testicular function. Metabolism 2018; 86:79-90. [PMID: 29605435 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite concerns of the scientific community regarding the adverse effects of human exposure to exogenous man-made chemical substances or mixtures that interfere with normal hormonal balance, the so called "endocrine disruptors (EDs)", their production has been increased during the last few decades. EDs' extensive use has been implicated in the increasing incidence of male reproductive disorders including poor semen quality, testicular malignancies and congenital developmental defects such as hypospadias and cryptorchidism. Several animal studies have demonstrated that exposure to EDs during fetal, neonatal and adult life has deleterious consequences on male reproductive system; however, the evidence on humans remains ambiguous. The complexity of their mode of action, the differential effect according to the developmental stage that exposure occurs, the latency from exposure and the influence of the genetic background in the manifestation of their toxic effects are all responsible factors for the contradictory outcomes. Furthermore, the heterogeneity in the published human studies has hampered agreement in the field. Interventional studies to establish causality would be desirable, but unfortunately the nature of the field excludes this possibility. Therefore, future studies based on standardized guidelines are necessary, in order to estimate human health risks and implement policies to limit public exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Lymperi
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Reproductive Function in a Population of Young Faroese Men with Elevated Exposure to Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Perfluorinated Alkylate Substances (PFAS). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15091880. [PMID: 30200252 PMCID: PMC6165232 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Semen quality may be adversely affected by exposure to environmental chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and perfluorinated alkylate substances (PFASs) that are persistent and may act as endocrine disrupting compounds. The aim of this study was to explore whether PCBs or PFASs exposure were associated with abnormalities in semen quality or reproductive hormones in Faroese men. This population based cross-sectional study includes 263 Faroese men (24⁻26 years) who delivered a semen sample for assessment of sperm concentration, total sperm count, semen volume, morphology and motility. A blood sample was drawn and analyzed for reproductive hormones, PCBs and PFASs. Exposure to ∑PCBs and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was positively associated with sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and luteinizing hormone (LH). In addition, total testosterone (T) was positively associated with ∑PCB. Both PCBs and PFOS appear to lead to increased SHBG, perhaps mediated via the liver. The higher total T associated with PCB may represent a compensatory adaption to elevated SHBG levels to maintain an unchanged free testosterone concentration. The positive association to LH for both PCBs and PFOS may indicate a direct adverse effect on the testosterone producing Leydig cells.
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You YA, Mohamed EA, Rahman MS, Kwon WS, Song WH, Ryu BY, Pang MG. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin can alter the sex ratio of embryos with decreased viability of Y spermatozoa in mice. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 77:130-136. [PMID: 29505796 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a reproductive and developmental toxicant that can alter the sex ratio of offspring (proportion of male offspring). We hypothesized that the alteration of sex ratio is associated with sex chromosome ratio of live spermatozoa affected by exposure to TCDD. After exposure to TCDD we analyzed simultaneously sperm sex chromosome constitution and viability, and evaluated sperm sex chromosome ratio association with embryo sex ratio in mice. Short-term exposure to TCDD affects the decreased sperm motility and viability, and the increased acrosome reaction. Interestingly, Y spermatozoa survived shorter than X spermatozoa at high concentrations of TCDD. Moreover, the decreased sex ratio of embryos was associated with the short lifespan of Y spermatozoa. Our results suggest that TCDD may affect the fertility of Y spermatozoa more than X spermatozoa. Further studies are needed to compare the difference of fertilizing capability between X and Y spermatozoa by the effect of TCDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ah You
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Elsayed A Mohamed
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Md Saidur Rahman
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo-Sung Kwon
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Hee Song
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Buom-Yong Ryu
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myung-Geol Pang
- Department of Animal Science & Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-Do 456-756, Republic of Korea.
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Relationship between serum dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls and post-testicular maturation in human sperm. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:312-321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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25
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Kezios K, Gu Y, Liu X, Cirillo P, Tarrant D, Petreas M, Park JS, Cohn B, Factor-Litvak P. Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs), maternal smoking and size at birth. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 71:166-175. [PMID: 28314564 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In a sample of 442 births from the Child Health and Development Studies cohort, we examined associations between maternal prenatal exposure to hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs) and pregnancy outcomes, and whether associations were mediated by maternal thyroid hormone levels and/or modified by maternal smoking. Compared to nonsmokers, smokers had twice the mean concentration of 4-OH-CB107 (p<0.001) and lower levels of its parent compound, PCB118 (p=0.001). Among mothers who smoked, the birth weight of newborns with maternal concentrations of 4-OH-CB107 in the upper quartile was 316g lighter (95% confidence interval (CI) 566, 65) compared to those with maternal concentrations in the lowest quartile, after control for PCB118 and other potential confounders. This association was not observed for non-smoking mothers and was not mediated by maternal thyroid hormone levels. Maternal prenatal 4-OH-CB107 levels appear to be influenced by maternal smoking and contribute to lower birth weight among smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Kezios
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yiwei Gu
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Piera Cirillo
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Darcy Tarrant
- Department of Toxic Substances Control California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Myrto Petreas
- Department of Toxic Substances Control California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Jun-Soo Park
- Department of Toxic Substances Control California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Barbara Cohn
- Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA
| | - Pam Factor-Litvak
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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26
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Hsu PC, Li MC, Lee YC, Kuo PL, Guo YL. Polychlorinated biphenyls and dibenzofurans increased abnormal sperm morphology without alterations in aneuploidy: The Yucheng study. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 165:294-297. [PMID: 27662390 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In 1979, more than 2000 persons ingested rice oil contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzofurans; this event was called the "Yucheng accident." An increased percentage of oligospermia, reduced ability of sperm to penetrate oocytes, and reduced percentage of male offspring were reported in Yucheng men. This study examined whether the sperm sex ratio and chromosome aneuploidy are responsible for our observed findings in Yucheng men. In 1999-2000, Yucheng men and their neighborhood referents aged 37-50 years were recruited for physical examination, followed by semen analysis. The semen samples were analyzed for chromosomal aneuploidy through fluorescent in situ hybridization according to an established procedure in our laboratory. A total of 50 Yucheng men and 34 neighborhood referents volunteered to participate in the study. Although abnormal morphology was mildly increased, no differences were observed in sperm percentages, with normal numbers of chromosomes X, Y, and 8 in the two groups. The percentage of sperm with aneuploidy of the sex chromosomes or chromosome 8 and of that with diploidy did not vary between both groups. The normal X/Y sperm ratio was not different between the groups. However, among Yucheng men, 8% had a normal X/Y sperm ratio of >1.4, and no neighborhood referent showed such an elevated X/Y ratio. Chromosomal aneuploidy was not elevated in Yucheng men. The mechanisms underlying the reduced sperm capability of oocyte penetration and changed offspring sex ratio in Yucheng men remain undetermined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Chi Hsu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chieh Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yeu-Chin Lee
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Center, An-An Women and Children Clinic, Tainan 704, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Lin Kuo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Yueliang Leon Guo
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 350, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 100, Taiwan; Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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27
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Chen RZ, Wong MH. Integrated wetlands for food production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2016; 148:429-442. [PMID: 27131797 PMCID: PMC7094668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of compound pelleted feeds and chemical fertilizers in modern food production contribute to a vast amount of residual nutrients into the production system and adjacent ecosystem are major factors causing eutrophication. Furthermore, the extensive development and application of chemical compounds (such as chemical pesticides, disinfectants and hormones used in enhancing productivity) in food production process are hazardous to the ecosystems, as well as human health. These unsustainable food production patterns cannot sustain human living in the long run. Wetlands are perceived as self-decontamination ecosystems with high productivities. This review gives an overview about wetlands which are being integrated with food production processes, focusing on aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray Zhuangrui Chen
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Ming-Hung Wong
- Consortium on Health, Environment, Education and Research (CHEER), and Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Hong Kong Institute of Education, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China; Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University- Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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28
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Jurewicz J, Radwan M, Sobala W, Radwan P, Jakubowski L, Wielgomas B, Ligocka D, Brzeźnicki S, Hanke W. Exposure to widespread environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals and human sperm sex ratio. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 213:732-740. [PMID: 27031570 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, a trend toward a declining proportion of male births has been noted in several, but not all, industrialized countries. The underlying reason for the drop in the sex ratio is unclear, but one theory states that widespread environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals affecting the male reproductive system in a negative manner could be part of the explanation. The present study was designed to investigate whether the urinary phthalate, pyrethroids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons metabolites concentrations were associated with sperm Y:X ratio. The study population consisted of 194 men aged under 45 years of age who attended infertility clinic in Lodz, Poland for diagnostic purposes with normal semen concentration of 20-300 mln/ml or with slight oligozoospermia (semen concentration of 15-20 mln/ml) (WHO, 1999). The Y:X ratio was assessed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. Urinary concentrations of 1-hydroxypyrene were measured by high performance liquid chromatography, phthalate metabolites were analyzed using a procedure based on the LC-MS/MS methods and metabolites of synthetic pyrethroids were assessed by gas chromatography ion-tap mass spectrometry method. After adjustment for potential confounders (past diseases, age, abstinence, smoking, alcohol consumption, sperm concentration, motility, morphology) 5OH MEHP, CDCCA to TDCCA and 1-OHP was negatively related to Y:X sperm chromosome ratio (p = 0.033, p < 0.001, p = 0.047 respectively). As this is the first study to elucidate the association between the level of metabolites of widespread environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (phthalates, synthetic pyrethroids, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) on sex chromosome ratio in sperm therefore, these findings require further replication in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Jurewicz
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91-362, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Michał Radwan
- Department of Gynecology and Reproduction, "Gameta" Hospital, 34/36 Rudzka St, 95-030, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Wojciech Sobala
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91-362, Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Radwan
- Department of Gynecology and Reproduction, "Gameta" Hospital, 34/36 Rudzka St, 95-030, Rzgów, Poland
| | - Lucjusz Jakubowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital - Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska St, Lodz, Poland
| | - Bartosz Wielgomas
- Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Hallera St, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Danuta Ligocka
- Bureau of Quality Assurance, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sławomir Brzeźnicki
- Department of Biological and Environmental Monitoring, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy Street, 91-348, Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Hanke
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8 Teresy St, 91-362, Lodz, Poland
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Gabrielsen JS, Tanrikut C. Chronic exposures and male fertility: the impacts of environment, diet, and drug use on spermatogenesis. Andrology 2016; 4:648-61. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. S. Gabrielsen
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
| | - C. Tanrikut
- Department of Urology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Boston MA USA
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30
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Vitku J, Heracek J, Sosvorova L, Hampl R, Chlupacova T, Hill M, Sobotka V, Bicikova M, Starka L. Associations of bisphenol A and polychlorinated biphenyls with spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in two biological fluids from men attending an infertility clinic. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 89-90:166-173. [PMID: 26863184 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the testis, steroid hormones play an important role in spermatogenesis, the production of semen, and the maintenance of secondary sex characteristics and libido. They may also play a role as a target for substances called endocrine disruptors (EDs). As yet, however, no complex study has been conducted evaluating the relationships between EDs and the steroid spectrum in the plasma and seminal plasma. OBJECTIVES To shed more light into mechanisms of EDs and the effects of bisphenol A (BPA) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on human spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. METHODS We determined BPA and 11 steroids in the plasma and seminal plasma of 191 men with different degrees of fertility, using a newly developed liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry method. Concurrently, plasma levels of 6 congeners of PCBs, gonadotropins, selenium, zinc and homocysteine were measured. Partial correlations adjusted for age, BMI and abstinence time were performed to evaluate relationships between these analytes. RESULTS Seminal BPA, but not plasma BPA, was negatively associated with sperm concentration (r=-0.198; p=0.009), sperm count (r=-0.178; p=0.018) and morphology (r=-0.160; p=0.044). Divergent and sometimes opposing associations of steroids and BPA were found in both body fluids. The sum of PCB congeners was negatively associated with testosterone, free testosterone, the free androgen index and dihydrotestosterone in plasma. CONCLUSION BPA may negatively contribute to the final state of sperm quality. Moreover, our data indicate that BPA influences human gonadal and adrenal steroidogenesis at various steps. Environmental levels of PCBs negatively correlated with androgen levels, but surprisingly without negative effects on sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Vitku
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Heracek
- Department of Urology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Urology, Military University Hospital Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Sosvorova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Richard Hampl
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Chlupacova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Hill
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Sobotka
- Department of Urology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Bicikova
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Luboslav Starka
- Department of Steroids and Proteofactors, Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic
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31
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Wang C, Yang L, Wang S, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Wang M, Cromie M, Gao W, Wang SL. The classic EDCs, phthalate esters and organochlorines, in relation to abnormal sperm quality: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19982. [PMID: 26804707 PMCID: PMC4726156 DOI: 10.1038/srep19982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The association between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and human sperm quality is controversial due to the inconsistent literature findings, therefore, a systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. Through the literature search and selection based on inclusion criteria, a total of 9 studies (7 cross-sectional, 1 case-control, and 1 pilot study) were analyzed for classic EDCs (5 studies for phthalate esters and 4 studies for organochlorines). Funnel plots revealed a symmetrical distribution with no evidence of publication bias (Begg’s test: intercept = 0.40; p = 0.692). The summary odds ratios (OR) of human sperm quality associated with the classic EDCs was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.31–2.02). After stratification by specific chemical class, consistent increases in the risk of abnormal sperm quality were found in phthalate ester group (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.09–1.95) and organochlorine group (OR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.34–2.62). Additionally, identification of official data, and a comprehensive review of the mechanisms were performed, and better elucidated the increased risk of these classic EDCs on abnormal sperm quality. The present systematic review and meta-analysis helps to identify the impact of classic EDCs on human sperm quality. However, it still highlights the need for additional epidemiological studies in a larger variety of geographic locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R.China
| | - Lu Yang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R.China
| | - Shu Wang
- Kangda Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R. China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R.China
| | - Yongquan Yu
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R.China
| | - Meilin Wang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R.China
| | - Meghan Cromie
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, 1207 Gilbert Drive, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Weimin Gao
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, 1207 Gilbert Drive, Lubbock, TX 79416, USA
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Rd., Nanjing 210029, P. R. China.,Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211166, P.R.China
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32
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Gomes J, Roche G. The Role of Estrogens and Estrogenic Metabolites and Male Reproductive Health Disorders. IMPLICATIONS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION IN POLAR ENVIRONMENTS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-12315-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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33
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Tavares RS, Escada-Rebelo S, Correia M, Mota PC, Ramalho-Santos J. The non-genomic effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals on mammalian sperm. Reproduction 2016; 151:R1-R13. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to toxicants present in the environment, especially the so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), has been associated with decreased sperm quality and increased anomalies in male reproductive organs over the past decades. Both human and animal populations are continuously exposed to ubiquitous synthetic and natural-occurring EDCs through diet, dermal contact and/or inhalation, therefore potentially compromising male reproductive health. Although the effects of EDC are likely induced via multiple genomic-based pathways, their non-genomic effects may also be relevant. Furthermore, spermatozoa are transcriptionally inactive cells that can come in direct contact with EDCs in reproductive fluids and secretions and are therefore a good model to address non-genomic effects. This review thus focuses on the non-genomic effects of several important EDCs relevant to mammalian exposure. Notably, EDCs were found to interfere with pre-existing pathways inducing a panoply of deleterious effects to sperm function that included altered intracellular Ca2+oscillations, induction of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, increased DNA damage and decreased sperm motility and viability, among others, potentially jeopardizing male fertility. Although many studies have used non-environmentally relevant concentrations of only one compound for mechanistic studies, it is important to remember that mammals are not exposed to one, but rather to a multitude of environmental EDCs, and synergistic effects may occur. Furthermore, some effects have been detected with single compounds at environmentally relevant concentrations.
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Gore AC, Chappell VA, Fenton SE, Flaws JA, Nadal A, Prins GS, Toppari J, Zoeller RT. EDC-2: The Endocrine Society's Second Scientific Statement on Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. Endocr Rev 2015; 36:E1-E150. [PMID: 26544531 PMCID: PMC4702494 DOI: 10.1210/er.2015-1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1241] [Impact Index Per Article: 137.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Endocrine Society's first Scientific Statement in 2009 provided a wake-up call to the scientific community about how environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) affect health and disease. Five years later, a substantially larger body of literature has solidified our understanding of plausible mechanisms underlying EDC actions and how exposures in animals and humans-especially during development-may lay the foundations for disease later in life. At this point in history, we have much stronger knowledge about how EDCs alter gene-environment interactions via physiological, cellular, molecular, and epigenetic changes, thereby producing effects in exposed individuals as well as their descendants. Causal links between exposure and manifestation of disease are substantiated by experimental animal models and are consistent with correlative epidemiological data in humans. There are several caveats because differences in how experimental animal work is conducted can lead to difficulties in drawing broad conclusions, and we must continue to be cautious about inferring causality in humans. In this second Scientific Statement, we reviewed the literature on a subset of topics for which the translational evidence is strongest: 1) obesity and diabetes; 2) female reproduction; 3) male reproduction; 4) hormone-sensitive cancers in females; 5) prostate; 6) thyroid; and 7) neurodevelopment and neuroendocrine systems. Our inclusion criteria for studies were those conducted predominantly in the past 5 years deemed to be of high quality based on appropriate negative and positive control groups or populations, adequate sample size and experimental design, and mammalian animal studies with exposure levels in a range that was relevant to humans. We also focused on studies using the developmental origins of health and disease model. No report was excluded based on a positive or negative effect of the EDC exposure. The bulk of the results across the board strengthen the evidence for endocrine health-related actions of EDCs. Based on this much more complete understanding of the endocrine principles by which EDCs act, including nonmonotonic dose-responses, low-dose effects, and developmental vulnerability, these findings can be much better translated to human health. Armed with this information, researchers, physicians, and other healthcare providers can guide regulators and policymakers as they make responsible decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Gore
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - V A Chappell
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - S E Fenton
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - J A Flaws
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - A Nadal
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - G S Prins
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - J Toppari
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
| | - R T Zoeller
- Pharmacology and Toxicology (A.C.G.), College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78734; Division of the National Toxicology Program (V.A.C., S.E.F.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709; Department of Comparative Biosciences (J.A.F.), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61802; Institute of Bioengineering and CIBERDEM (A.N.), Miguel Hernandez University of Elche, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain; Departments of Urology, Pathology, and Physiology & Biophysics (G.S.P.), College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612; Departments of Physiology and Pediatrics (J.T.), University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, 20520 Turku, Finland; and Biology Department (R.T.Z.), University of Massachusetts at Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003
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Figueroa ZI, Young HA, Meeker JD, Martenies SE, Barr DB, Gray G, Perry MJ. Dialkyl phosphate urinary metabolites and chromosomal abnormalities in human sperm. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 143:256-265. [PMID: 26519831 PMCID: PMC4743645 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The past decade has seen numerous human health studies seeking to characterize the impacts of environmental exposures, such as organophosphate (OP) insecticides, on male reproduction. Despite an extensive literature on OP toxicology, many hormone-mediated effects on the testes are not well understood. OBJECTIVES This study investigated environmental exposures to OPs and their association with the frequency of sperm chromosomal abnormalities (i.e., disomy) among adult men. METHODS Men (n=159) from a study assessing the impact of environmental exposures on male reproductive health were included in this investigation. Multi-probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 was used to determine XX18, YY18, XY18 and total disomy in sperm nuclei. Urine was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for concentrations of dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites of OPs [dimethylphosphate (DMP); dimethylthiophosphate (DMTP); dimethyldithiophosphate (DMDTP); diethylphosphate (DEP); diethylthiophosphate (DETP); and diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP)]. Poisson regression was used to model the association between OP exposures and disomy measures. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated for each disomy type by exposure quartiles for most metabolites, controlling for age, race, BMI, smoking, specific gravity, total sperm concentration, motility, and morphology. RESULTS A significant positive trend was seen for increasing IRRs by exposure quartiles of DMTP, DMDTP, DEP and DETP in XX18, YY18, XY18 and total disomy. A significant inverse association was observed between DMP and total disomy. Findings for total sum of DAP metabolites concealed individual associations as those results differed from the patterns observed for each individual metabolite. Dose-response relationships appeared nonmonotonic, with most of the increase in disomy rates occurring between the second and third exposure quartiles and without additional increases between the third and fourth exposure quartiles. CONCLUSIONS This is the first epidemiologic study of this size to examine the relationship between environmental OP exposures and human sperm disomy outcomes. Our findings suggest that increased disomy rates were associated with specific DAP metabolites, suggesting that the impacts of OPs on testis function need further characterization in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaida I Figueroa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave. NW (4th Floor), Washington, DC 20052, United States.
| | - Heather A Young
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave. NW (5th Floor), Washington, DC 20052, United States.
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, United States.
| | - Sheena E Martenies
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave. NW (4th Floor), Washington, DC 20052, United States.
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Rollins School of Public Health, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - George Gray
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave. NW (4th Floor), Washington, DC 20052, United States.
| | - Melissa J Perry
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave. NW (4th Floor), Washington, DC 20052, United States.
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Olayinka ET, Ore A. Hepatotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Stress in Rat Testis Following Exposure to Haloxyfop- p-methyl Ester, an Aryloxyphenoxypropionate Herbicide. TOXICS 2015; 3:373-389. [PMID: 29051470 PMCID: PMC5606644 DOI: 10.3390/toxics3040373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Haloxyfop-p-methyl ester (HPME) ((R)-2-{4-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridyloxy]phenoxy}propionic acid), is a selective aryloxyphenoxypropionate (AOPP) herbicide. It exerts phytotoxicity through inhibition of lipid metabolism and induction of oxidative stress in susceptible plants. This study investigated the toxicological potentials of HPME in rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (170–210 g) were randomized into four groups (I–IV). Group I (control) received 1 mL of distilled water, while animals in Groups II, III and IV received 6.75, 13.5 and 27 mg/kg body weight HPME, respectively, for 21 days. There was a significant (p < 0.05) increase in renal and hepatic function biomarkers (urea, creatinine, total bilirubin, ALP, ALT, AST) in the plasma of treated animals compared to control. Levels of testicular antioxidants, ascorbic acid and glutathione, and activities of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase were reduced significantly after 21 days of HPME administration in a dose-dependent manner. The testicular malondialdehyde level increased significantly in the HPME-treated rats relative to the control. A significant decrease in testicular lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase was also observed in HPME-treated animals. Testicular histology revealed severe interstitial edema and sections of seminiferous tubules with necrotic and eroded germinal epithelium in the HPME-treated rats. Overall, data from this study suggest that HPME altered hepatic and renal function and induced oxidative stress and morphological changes in the testis of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Tunde Olayinka
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria.
| | - Ayokanmi Ore
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Chemical Sciences, Ajayi Crowther University, PMB 1066, Oyo, Oyo State 211213, Nigeria.
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Misaki K, Suzuki G, Tue NM, Takahashi S, Someya M, Takigami H, Tajima Y, Yamada TK, Amano M, Isobe T, Tanabe S. Toxic Identification and Evaluation of Androgen Receptor Antagonistic Activities in Acid-Treated Liver Extracts of High-Trophic Level Wild Animals from Japan. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:11840-11848. [PMID: 26321157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sulfuric acid-treated liver extracts of representative high-trophic level Japanese animals were analyzed by toxic identification and evaluation (TIE) with chemically activated luciferase expression (CALUX) and chemical analysis to elucidate androgen receptor (AR) antagonistic activities and potential contributions of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). The activities were detected in striped dolphins (n = 5), Stejneger's beaked whales (n = 6), golden eagle (n = 1), and Steller's sea eagle (n = 1) with CALUX-flutamide equivalents (FluEQs) as follow: 38 (20-52), 47 (21-96), 5.0, and 80 μg FluEQ/g-lipid, respectively. The AR antagonism was detected in limited number of specimens at lower levels for finless porpoise, raccoon dog, and common cormorant. Theoretical activities (Theo-FluEQs) were calculated using the concentration of OCPs and PCBs and their IC25-based relative potency (REP) values. These total contribution to CALUX-FluEQ was 126%, 84%, 53%, 55%, and 44% for striped dolphin, Steller's sea eagle, Stejneger's beaked whale, finless porpoise, and golden eagle, respectively, and the main contributor was p,p'-DDE. However, most of the activities for raccoon dog (7.6%) and common cormorant (17%) could not be explained by OCPs and PCBs. This suggests other unknown compounds could function as AR antagonists in these terrestrial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Misaki
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
- School of Nursing, University of Shizuoka , Yada 52-1, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Go Suzuki
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba 305-8506, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Nguyen Minh Tue
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shin Takahashi
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
| | - Masayuki Someya
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Takigami
- Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) , Onogawa 16-2, Tsukuba 305-8506, Ibaraki Japan
| | - Yuko Tajima
- National Museum of Nature and Science, Hyakunin-cho 3-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Tadasu K Yamada
- National Museum of Nature and Science, Hyakunin-cho 3-23-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Masao Amano
- Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University , Bunkyo-cho 1-14, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Isobe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Tanabe
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University , Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Ehime, Japan
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Mumford SL, Kim S, Chen Z, Gore-Langton RE, Boyd Barr D, Buck Louis GM. Persistent organic pollutants and semen quality: The LIFE Study. CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 135:427-35. [PMID: 25441930 PMCID: PMC4447619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that persistent environmental chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls may adversely affect human fecundity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate associations between persistent environmental chemicals and semen quality among 501 male partners of couples discontinuing contraception for purposes of becoming pregnant. Men provided a blood specimen and two fresh semen samples collected approximately a month apart that underwent next day analysis for 35 semen quality endpoints. Serum samples were analyzed for 36 polychlorinated biphenyls (congeners #18, 28, 44, 49, 52, 66, 74, 87, 99, 101, 114, 118, 128, 138, 146, 149, 151, 153, 156, 157, 167, 170, 172, 177, 178, 180, 183, 187, 189, 194, 195, 196, 201, 206, 209); 1 polybrominated biphenyl (#153); 9 organochlorine pesticides; and 10 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (congeners #17, 28, 47, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, 154183) using high resolution mass spectrometry. To estimate the effect of chemicals on semen quality, we regressed each semen marker on each chemical while adjusting for research site, age, body mass index, serum lipids, and cotinine levels. Males with chemical concentrations in the fourth quartile, as compared to the first quartile, showed significant associations for several individual chemicals in each chemical class and type of semen quality parameter indicating negative and positive associations with semen quality. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in particular were associated with several measures of increased abnormal morphology. These exploratory results highlight the role of environmental influences on male fecundity, and are of particular interest given the ubiquitous exposures to these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunni L Mumford
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd, 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, United States.
| | - Sungduk Kim
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd, 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, United States.
| | - Zhen Chen
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd, 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, United States.
| | | | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
| | - Germaine M Buck Louis
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 6100 Executive Blvd, 7B03, Rockville, MD 20852, United States.
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Sahin E, Ilgaz C, Erdoğan D, Take G, Göktas G. Protective effects of resveratrol against di-n buthyl phthalate induced toxicity in ductus epididymis and ductus deferens in rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2014; 46:51-6. [PMID: 24550585 PMCID: PMC3912808 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.125167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to observe the possible protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) against damage induced by di-n-butylphthalate (DBP), on the ductus epididymis and deferens in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Six groups of rats were used in the experiment: Group 1: Control group; Group 2: Solvent (carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), 10 ml/kg); Group 3: 500 mg/kg/day DBP; Group 4: 500 mg/kg/day DBP+20 mg/kg/day RSV; Group 5: 1000 mg/kg/day DBP; Group 6: 1000 mg/kg/day DBP + 20 mg/kg/day RSV. Groups were treated by gavage for 30 days. Immunohistochemical, electronmicroscopic and histomorphometric examinations were carried out in the epididymis and deferens. RESULTS In the ductus epididymis and deferens mitochondrial crystolysis, exfoliation of the stereocilia and openings in lateral surface increased with DBP dosage, but these structures were recovered with RSV. DBP reduced the epithelial height of epididymis and vas deferens. Lumen dilatation was observed in both tissues. These disorders may lead to dysfunction of epithelial absorption. In the TUNEL examinations in both tissues, there were no apoptotic cells or apoptotic bodies. CONCLUSION In conclusion, DBP administration caused structural degeneration in the epididymis and deferens, parallel to dose evaluation and RSV can reverse these changes with its protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erhan Sahin
- Histology and Embryology Department, Eskisehir Osmangazi Universty, Medicine School, Turkey
| | - Celal Ilgaz
- Histology and Embryology Department, Gazi Universty Medicine School, Turkey
| | - Deniz Erdoğan
- Histology and Embryology Department, Gazi Universty Medicine School, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Take
- Histology and Embryology Department, Gazi Universty Medicine School, Turkey
| | - Güleser Göktas
- Histology and Embryology Department, Gazi Universty Medicine School, Turkey
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Teeyapant P, Ramchiun S, Polputpisatkul D, Uttawichai C, Parnmen S. Serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides p,p'-DDE in adult Thai residents with background levels of exposure. J Toxicol Sci 2014; 39:121-7. [PMID: 24418716 DOI: 10.2131/jts.39.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
In Thailand, DDT was banned for agriculture use in 1983 and for malaria vector control in 1999. However, contamination by DDT and its primary metabolite, p,p'-DDE remains serious environmental and human health concerns. The main focus of this study were i) to investigate serum concentrations of p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT as exposure biomarkers for potential adverse health effect in adult Thai residents and ii) to compare the associations of BMI, thyroid hormones, cholesterol, triglycerides and fasting blood sugar levels in human serum with the concentrations of these pesticides. In a total of 1,137 participants were measured blood serum for analyses of p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDT. The geometric mean concentration (95% confidence interval) for serum total p,p'-DDE concentration was 1,539 (1,242-1,837) ng/g lipid and 1,547 (1,293-1,806) ng/g lipid in adult males and females, respectively. Furthermore, the total amount of serum p,p'-DDE concentration significantly correlated with plasma glucose levels. Neither p,p'-DDE nor p,p'-DDT was significantly associated with serum thyroid hormones levels. Additionally, the high p,p'-DDE/DDT ratio indicates that the exposure is due past rather than recent use of DDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punthip Teeyapant
- Division of Toxicology, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand
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Lenters V, Portengen L, Smit LAM, Jönsson BAG, Giwercman A, Rylander L, Lindh CH, Spanò M, Pedersen HS, Ludwicki JK, Chumak L, Piersma AH, Toft G, Bonde JP, Heederik D, Vermeulen R. Phthalates, perfluoroalkyl acids, metals and organochlorines and reproductive function: a multipollutant assessment in Greenlandic, Polish and Ukrainian men. Occup Environ Med 2014; 72:385-93. [DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2014-102264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Vested A, Ramlau-Hansen CH, Olsen SF, Bonde JP, Støvring H, Kristensen SL, Halldorsson TI, Rantakokko P, Kiviranta H, Ernst EH, Toft G. In utero exposure to persistent organochlorine pollutants and reproductive health in the human male. Reproduction 2014; 148:635-46. [PMID: 25190505 PMCID: PMC4241711 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) are ubiquitous, bioaccumulative compounds with potential endocrine-disrupting effects. They cross the placental barrier thereby resulting in in utero exposure of the developing fetus. The objective of this study was to investigate whether maternal serum concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) during pregnancy are associated with son's semen quality and reproductive hormone levels. During 2008-2009, we recruited 176 male offspring from a Danish cohort of pregnant women who participated in a study in 1988-1989. Each provided semen and blood samples that were analyzed for sperm concentration, total sperm count, motility, and morphology, and reproductive hormone levels, respectively. The maternal blood samples were collected in pregnancy week 30 and were analyzed for the concentrations of six PCBs (PCB-118, -138, -153, -156, -170, and -180) and p,p'-DDE. The potential associations between in utero exposure to ΣPCBs (pmol/ml), Σdioxin like-(DL) PCBs (PCB-118 and -156) (pmol/ml), and p,p'-DDE and semen quality and reproductive hormone levels were investigated using multiple regression. Maternal median (range) exposure levels of ΣPCB, ΣDL-PCB, and p,p'-DDE were 10.0 (2.1-35.0) pmol/ml, 0.8 (0.2-2.7) pmol/ml, and 8.0 (0.7-55.3) pmol/ml, respectively, reflecting typical background exposure levels in the late 1980s in Denmark. Results suggested that in utero exposure to ΣPCB, ΣDL-PCB, and p,p'-DDE was not statistically significantly associated with semen quality measures or reproductive hormone levels. Thus, results based on maternal PCB and p,p'-DDE concentrations alone are not indicative of long-term consequences for male reproductive health; however, we cannot exclude that these POPs in concert with other endocrine-modulating compounds may have adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vested
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Cecilia H Ramlau-Hansen
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sjurdur F Olsen
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Henrik Støvring
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Susanne L Kristensen
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thorhallur I Halldorsson
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Panu Rantakokko
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Hannu Kiviranta
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Emil H Ernst
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Gunnar Toft
- Department of Occupational MedicineDanish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Noerrebrogade 44 Building 2C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkSection for EpidemiologyDepartment of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1260, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkStatens Serum InstitutCentre for Fetal Programming, Artellerivej 5, DK-2300 Copenhagen S, DenmarkDepartment of Occupational and Environmental MedicineBispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University, Bispebjerg Bakke 23 Building 33 1st floor, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, DenmarkDepartment of Public HealthBiostatistics, Bartholins Allé 2 Building 1261, DK-8000 Aarhus C, DenmarkFaculty of Food Science and NutritionUniversity of Iceland, Eiríksgata 29, 101 Reykjavík, IcelandDepartment of Environmental HealthNational Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), PO Box 95, FI-70701 Kuopio, FinlandSection WestInstitute for Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 2, build. 1170, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Vested A, Giwercman A, Bonde JP, Toft G. Persistent organic pollutants and male reproductive health. Asian J Androl 2014; 16:71-80. [PMID: 24369135 PMCID: PMC3901884 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.122345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental contaminants such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are man-made bioaccumulative compounds with long half-lives that are found throughout the world as a result of heavy use in a variety of consumer products during the twentieth century. Wildlife and animal studies have long suggested adverse effects of exposure to these compounds on human reproductive health, which, according to the endocrine disrupter hypothesis, are ascribed to the compounds’ potential to interfere with endocrine signaling, especially when exposure occurs during certain phases of fetal and childhood development. An extensive number of epidemiological studies have addressed the possible effects of exposure to POPs on male reproductive health, but the results are conflicting. Thus far, most studies have focused on investigating exposure and the different reproductive health outcomes during adulthood. Some studies have addressed the potential harmful effects of fetal exposure with respect to malformations at birth and/or reproductive development, whereas only a few studies have been able to evaluate whether intrauterine exposure to POPs has long-term consequences for male reproductive health with measurable effects on semen quality markers and reproductive hormone levels in adulthood. Humans are not exposed to a single compound at a time, but rather, to a variety of different substances with potential divergent hormonal effects. Hence, how to best analyze epidemiological data on combined exposures remains a significant challenge. This review on POPs will focus on current knowledge regarding the potential effects of exposure to POPs during fetal and childhood life and during adulthood on male reproductive health, including a critical revision of the endocrine disruption hypothesis, a comment on pubertal development as part of reproductive development and a comment on how to account for combined exposures in epidemiological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Vested
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Pant N, Shukla M, Upadhyay AD, Chaturvedi PK, Saxena DK, Gupta YK. Association between environmental exposure to p, p'-DDE and lindane and semen quality. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:11009-11016. [PMID: 24793071 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Scientific concern exists about the toxic effect of dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p, p'-DDE) and lindane on male infertility, and the mechanism underlying male reproductive toxicity of this pesticide remains unanswered. We investigated not only the possible association between the chlorinated pesticide levels and semen quality in nonoccupationally exposed men, but also the probable mode of action using mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA). A study in 278 men (21-40 years old) who visited Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, KGMU, Lucknow, for semen analysis was conducted. We performed semen analysis according to the WHO guidelines, while p, p'-DDE and lindane analysis was done by the GLC and LPO by the spectrophotometer, and the sperm mitochondrial status, ROS, and SCSA with the flow cytometer. The questionnaire data showed no significant difference in the demographic characteristics between the two groups, i.e., trying to conceive >1 year and proven fertility. However, a significant difference in the concentration of p, p'-DDE and lindane was observed between the groups. When the subjects were divided among four categories by quartile of exposure, the subjects in the highest quartile showed low sperm motility as compared to the subjects in the lowest quartile. Pearson's correlation showed a significant negative correlation between semen p, p'-DDE, lindane level, and sperm quality and positive association with the number of cells with depolarized mitochondria, elevation in ROS production and LPO, and DNA fragmentation index (DFI). The findings are suggestive that these toxicants might cause a decline in semen quality, and these effects might be ROS, LPO, and mitochondrial dysfunction mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Pant
- Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India,
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Lu Y, West FD, Jordan BJ, Jordan ET, West RC, Yu P, He Y, Barrios MA, Zhu Z, Petitte JN, Beckstead RB, Stice SL. Induced Pluripotency in Chicken Embryonic Fibroblast Results in a Germ Cell Fate. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1755-64. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Franklin D. West
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Brian J. Jordan
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Erin T. Jordan
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Rachel C. West
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Ping Yu
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Ying He
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Vaccines and New Technology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Miguel A. Barrios
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Ziying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - James N. Petitte
- Prestage Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | | | - Steven L. Stice
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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McAuliffe ME, Williams PL, Korrick SA, Dadd R, Marchetti F, Martenies SE, Perry MJ. Human sperm sex chromosome disomy and sperm DNA damage assessed by the neutral comet assay. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:2148-55. [PMID: 25069502 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Is there an association between human sperm sex chromosome disomy and sperm DNA damage? SUMMARY ANSWER An increase in human sperm XY disomy was associated with higher comet extent; however, there was no other consistent association of sex chromosome disomies with DNA damage. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY There is limited published research on the association between sex chromosome disomy and sperm DNA damage and the findings are not consistent across studies. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, AND DURATION We conducted a cross-sectional study of 190 men (25% ever smoker, 75% never smoker) from subfertile couples presenting at the Massachusetts General Hospital Fertility Clinic from January 2000 to May 2003. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Multiprobe fluorescence in situ hybridization for chromosomes X, Y and 18 was used to determine XX, YY, XY and total sex chromosome disomy in sperm nuclei using an automated scoring method. The neutral comet assay was used to measure sperm DNA damage, as reflected by comet extent, percentage DNA in the comet tail, and tail distributed moment. Univariate and multiple linear regression models were constructed with sex chromosome disomy (separate models for each of the four disomic conditions) as the independent variable, and DNA damage parameters (separate models for each measure of DNA damage) as the dependent variable. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Men with current or past smoking history had significantly greater comet extent (µm: regression coefficients with 95% CI) [XX18: 15.17 (1.98, 28.36); YY18: 14.68 (1.50, 27.86); XY18: 15.41 (2.37, 28.45); Total Sex Chromosome Disomy: 15.23 (2.09, 28.38)], and tail distributed moment [XX18: 3.01 (0.30, 5.72); YY18: 2.95 (0.24, 5.67); XY18: 3.04 (0.36, 5.72); Total Sex Chromosome Disomy: 3.10 (0.31, 5.71)] than men who had never smoked. In regression models adjusted for age and smoking, there was a positive association between XY disomy and comet extent. For an increase in XY disomy from 0.56 to 1.47% (representing the 25th to 75th percentile), there was a mean increase of 5.08 µm in comet extent. No other statistically significant findings were observed. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION A potential limitation of this study is that it is cross-sectional. Cross-sectional analyses by nature do not lend themselves to inference about directionality for any observed associations; therefore we cannot determine which variable is the cause and which one is the effect. A small sample size may be a further limitation. Comparison of these findings to other studies is limited due to methodological differences. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Although consistent associations across sex chromosome disomies or DNA damage measures were not observed, this study highlights the need to explore etiologies of sperm DNA damage and sex chromosome disomy to better understand the potential mechanistic overlaps between the two. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This work was supported by NIOSH Grant T42 OH008416, and NIH/NIEHS Grants ES 009718, ES 000002, and R01 ES017457. During the study M.E.M. was affiliated with the Department of Environmental Health at the Harvard School of Public Health. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E McAuliffe
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Millennium: The Takeda Oncology Company, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - P L Williams
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - S A Korrick
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - R Dadd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - F Marchetti
- Environmental Health Science Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - S E Martenies
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - M J Perry
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
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Jeng HA. Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals and male reproductive health. Front Public Health 2014; 2:55. [PMID: 24926476 PMCID: PMC4046332 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2014.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with normal hormonal balance and may exert adverse consequences on humans. The male reproductive system may be susceptible to the effects of such environmental toxicants. This review discusses the recent progress in scientific data mainly from epidemiology studies on the associations between EDCs and male reproductive health and our understanding of possible mechanisms associated with the effects of EDCs on male reproductive health. Finally, the review provides recommendations on future research to enhance our understanding of EDCs and male reproductive health. The review highlights the need for (1) well-defined longitudinal epidemiology studies, with appropriately designed exposure assessment to determine potential causal relationships; (2) chemical and biochemical approaches aimed at a better understanding of the mechanism of action of xenoestrogens with regard to low-dose effects, and assessment of identify genetic susceptibility factors associated with the risk of adverse effects following exposure to EDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hueiwang Anna Jeng
- School of Community and Environmental Health, College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University , Norfolk, VA , USA
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Serrano M, Gonzalvo MC, Sanchez-Pozo MC, Clavero A, Fernandez MF, Lopez-Regalado ML, Mozas J, Martinez L, Castilla JA. Adherence to reporting guidelines in observational studies concerning exposure to persistent organic pollutants and effects on semen parameters. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:1122-33. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Schell LM, Gallo MV, Deane GD, Nelder KR, DeCaprio AP, Jacobs A. Relationships of polychlorinated biphenyls and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) with testosterone levels in adolescent males. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2014; 122:304-309. [PMID: 24398050 PMCID: PMC3948020 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1205984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concern persists over endocrine-disrupting effects of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) on human growth and sexual maturation. Potential effects of toxicant exposures on testosterone levels during puberty are not well characterized. OBJECTIVES In this study we evaluated the relationship between toxicants [polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p´-DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and lead] and testosterone levels among 127 Akwesasne Mohawk males 10 to < 17 years of age with documented toxicant exposures. METHODS Data were collected between February 1996 and January 2000. Fasting blood specimens were collected before breakfast by trained Akwesasne Mohawk staff. Multivariable regression models were used to estimates associations between toxicants and serum testosterone, adjusted for other toxicants, Tanner stage, and potential confounders. RESULTS The sum of 16 PCB congeners (Σ16PCBs) that were detected in ≥ 50% of the population was significantly and negatively associated with serum testosterone levels, such that a 10% change in exposure was associated with a 5.6% decrease in testosterone (95% CI: -10.8, -0.5%). Of the 16 congeners, the more persistent ones (Σ8PerPCBs) were related to testosterone, whereas the less persistent ones, possibly reflecting more recent exposure, were not. When PCB congeners were subgrouped, the association was significant for the sum of eight more persistent PCBs (5.7% decrease; 95% CI: -11, -0.4%), and stronger than the sum of six less persistent congeners (3.1% decrease; 95% CI: -7.2, 0.9%). p,p´-DDE was positively but not significantly associated with serum testosterone (5.2% increase with a 10% increase in exposure; 95% CI: -0.5, 10.9%). Neither lead nor HCB was significantly associated with testosterone levels. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PCBs, particularly the more highly persistent congeners, may negatively influence testosterone levels among adolescent males. The positive relationship between p,p´-DDE and testosterone indicates that not all POPs act similarly. CITATION Schell LM, Gallo MV, Deane GD, Nelder KR, DeCaprio AP, Jacobs A; Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment. 2014. Relationships of polychlorinated biphenyls and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p´-DDE) with testosterone levels in adolescent males. Environ Health Perspect 122:304-309; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1205984.
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Young HA, Meeker JD, Martenies SE, Figueroa ZI, Barr DB, Perry MJ. Environmental exposure to pyrethroids and sperm sex chromosome disomy: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health 2013; 12:111. [PMID: 24345058 PMCID: PMC3929259 DOI: 10.1186/1476-069x-12-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of environmental pesticide exposures, such as pyrethroids, and their relationship to sperm abnormalities are not well understood. This study investigated whether environmental exposure to pyrethroids was associated with altered frequency of sperm sex chromosome disomy in adult men. METHODS A sample of 75 subjects recruited through a Massachusetts infertility clinic provided urine and semen samples. Individual exposures were measured as urinary concentrations of three pyrethroid metabolites ((3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3PBA), cis- and trans- 3-(2,2-Dichlorovinyl)-1-methylcyclopropane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (CDCCA and TDCCA)). Multiprobe fluorescence in situ hybridization for chromosomes X, Y, and 18 was used to determine XX, YY, XY, 1818, and total sex chromosome disomy in sperm nuclei. Poisson regression analysis was used to examine the association between aneuploidy rates and pyrethroid metabolites while adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Between 25-56% of the sample were above the limit of detection (LOD) for the pyrethroid metabolites. All sex chromosome disomies were increased by 7-30% when comparing men with CDCCA and TDCCA levels above the LOD to those below the LOD. For 3PBA, compared to those below the LOD, those above the LOD had YY18 disomy rates 1.28 times higher (95% CI: 1.15, 1.42) whereas a reduced rate was seen for XY18 and total disomy (IRR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.87; IRR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.87-0.97), and no association was seen for XX18 and 1818. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that urinary concentrations of CDCCA and TDCCA above the LOD were associated with increased rates of aneuploidy. However the findings for 3BPA were not consistent. This is the first study to examine these relationships, and replication of our findings is needed before the association between pyrethroid metabolites and aneuploidy can be fully defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Young
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sheena E Martenies
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Zaida I Figueroa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Dana Boyd Barr
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Melissa J Perry
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, George Washington University School of Public Health and Health Services, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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