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Pereira F, Fernández-Barral A, Larriba MJ, Barbáchano A, González-Sancho JM. From molecular basis to clinical insights: a challenging future for the vitamin D endocrine system in colorectal cancer. FEBS J 2024; 291:2485-2518. [PMID: 37699548 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most life-threatening neoplasias in terms of incidence and mortality worldwide. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of CRC. 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], the most active vitamin D metabolite, is a pleiotropic hormone that, through its binding to a transcription factor of the nuclear receptor superfamily, is a major regulator of the human genome. 1,25(OH)2D3 acts on colon carcinoma and stromal cells and displays tumor protective actions. Here, we review the variety of molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in CRC, which affect multiple processes that are dysregulated during tumor initiation and progression. Additionally, we discuss the epidemiological data that associate vitamin D deficiency and CRC, and the most relevant randomized controlled trials of vitamin D3 supplementation conducted in both healthy individuals and CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Pereira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Oncología Radioterápica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Spain
| | - Asunción Fernández-Barral
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - María Jesús Larriba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - Antonio Barbáchano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
| | - José Manuel González-Sancho
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sols-Morreale, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz-IdiPAZ (Hospital Universitario La Paz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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Ben-Eltriki M, Shankar G, Tomlinson Guns ES, Deb S. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of Rh2 and aPPD ginsenosides in prostate cancer: a drug interaction perspective. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 92:419-437. [PMID: 37709921 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04583-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rh2 and its aglycon (aPPD) are one of the major metabolites from Panax ginseng. Preclinical studies suggest that Rh2 and aPPD have antitumor effects in prostate cancer (PCa). Our aims in this review are (1) to describe the pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of Rh2 and aPPD ginsenosides; 2) to provide an overview of the preclinical findings on the use of Rh2 and aPPD in the treatment of PCa; and (3) to highlight the mechanisms of its PK and pharmacodynamic (PD) drug interactions. Increasing evidence points to the potential efficacy of Rh2 or aPPD for PCa treatment. Based on the laboratory studies, Rh2 or aPPD combinations revealed an additive or synergistic interaction or enhanced sensitivity of anticancer drugs toward PCa. This review reveals that enhanced anticancer activities were demonstrated in preclinical studies through interactions of Rh2 and/or aPPD with the proteins related to PK (e.g., cytochrome P450 enzymes, transporters) or PD of the other anticancer drugs or PCa signaling pathways. In conclusion, combining Rh2 or aPPD with anti-prostate cancer drugs leads to PK or PD interactions which could facilitate either therapeutically beneficial or toxic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ben-Eltriki
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
- Cochrane Hypertension Review Group, Therapeutic Initiative, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
- Community Pharmacist, Vancouver Area, BC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Gehana Shankar
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Emma S Tomlinson Guns
- The Vancouver Prostate Centre at Vancouver General Hospital, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Subrata Deb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL, 33169, USA.
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Marchwicka A, Nowak K, Satyr A, Wołowiec D, Marcinkowska E. Immuno-Stimulating Activity of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Blood Cells from Five Healthy People and in Blasts from Five Patients with Leukemias and Pre-Leukemic States. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076504. [PMID: 37047477 PMCID: PMC10094698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Hematological malignancies are characterized by an immortalization, uncontrolled proliferation of blood cells and their differentiation block, followed by the loss of function. The primary goal in the treatment of leukemias is the elimination of rapidly proliferating leukemic cells (named blasts). However, chemotherapy, which removes proliferating blasts, also prevents the remaining immune cells from being activated. Acute leukemias affect elderly people, who are often not fit to survive aggressive chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a need of milder treatment, named differentiation therapy, which might simulate the immune system of the patient. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D, or low-calcemic analogs of this compound, were proposed as supporting therapy in acute leukemias. (2) Bone marrow blasts from patients with hematological malignancies, and leukocytes from healthy volunteers were ex vivo exposed to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and then their genomes and transcriptomes were investigated. (3) Our analysis indicates that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D regulates in blood cells predominantly genes involved in immune response, such as CAMP (cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide), CP (ceruloplasmin), CXCL9 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9), CD14 (CD14 molecule) or VMO1 (vitelline membrane outer layer 1 homolog). This concerns blood cells from healthy people, as well as blasts from patients with hematological malignancies. In addition, in one patient, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D significantly downregulated transcription of genes responsible for cell division and immortalization. (4) In conclusion, the data presented in this paper suggest that addition of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D to the currently available treatments would stimulate immune system, inhibit proliferation and reduce immortal potential of blasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Marchwicka
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kuba Nowak
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 15, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anastasiia Satyr
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wołowiec
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wrocław Medical University, Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Marcinkowska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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4
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Nemeth Z, Patonai A, Simon-Szabó L, Takács I. Interplay of Vitamin D and SIRT1 in Tissue-Specific Metabolism-Potential Roles in Prevention and Treatment of Non-Communicable Diseases Including Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076154. [PMID: 37047134 PMCID: PMC10094444 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases, including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer, is increasing as a requirement of the aging population in developed countries and the sustainability of healthcare. Similarly, the 2013-2030 action plan of the WHO for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases seeks these achievements. Adequate lifestyle changes, alone or with the necessary treatments, could reduce the risk of mortality or the deterioration of quality of life. In our recent work, we summarized the role of two central factors, i.e., appropriate levels of vitamin D and SIRT1, which are connected to adequate lifestyles with beneficial effects on the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. Both of these factors have received increased attention in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic as they both take part in regulation of the main metabolic processes, i.e., lipid/glucose/energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, redox balance, and cell fate, as well as in the healthy regulation of the immune system. Vitamin D and SIRT1 have direct and indirect influence of the regulation of transcription and epigenetic changes and are related to cytoplasmic signaling pathways such as PLC/DAG/IP3/PKC/MAPK, MEK/Erk, insulin/mTOR/cell growth, proliferation; leptin/PI3K-Akt-mTORC1, Akt/NFĸB/COX-2, NFĸB/TNFα, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and AMPK/PGC-1α/GLUT4, among others. Through their proper regulation, they maintain normal body weight, lipid profile, insulin secretion and sensitivity, balance between the pro- and anti-inflammatory processes under normal conditions and infections, maintain endothelial health; balance cell differentiation, proliferation, and fate; and balance the circadian rhythm of the cellular metabolism. The role of these two molecules is interconnected in the molecular network, and they regulate each other in several layers of the homeostasis of energy and the cellular metabolism. Both have a central role in the maintenance of healthy and balanced immune regulation and redox reactions; therefore, they could constitute promising targets either for prevention or as complementary therapies to achieve a better quality of life, at any age, for healthy people and patients under chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Nemeth
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Patonai
- Department of Surgery, Transplantation and Gastroenterology, Semmelweis University, Ulloi u. 78, 1082 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laura Simon-Szabó
- Department of Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Tuzolto u. 37-47, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
| | - István Takács
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Koranyi S. u 2/a, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
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Milan KL, Jayasuriya R, Harithpriya K, Anuradha M, Sarada DVL, Siti Rahayu N, Ramkumar KM. Vitamin D resistant genes - promising therapeutic targets of chronic diseases. Food Funct 2022; 13:7984-7998. [PMID: 35856462 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is an essential vitamin indispensable for calcium and phosphate metabolism, and its deficiency has been implicated in several extra-skeletal pathologies, including cancer and chronic kidney disease. Synthesized endogenously in the layers of the skin by the action of UV-B radiation, the vitamin maintains the integrity of the bones, teeth, and muscles and is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and immunity. The deficiency of Vit-D is increasing at an alarming rate, with nearly 32% of children and adults being either deficient or having insufficient levels. This has been attributed to Vit-D resistant genes that cause a reduction in circulatory Vit-D levels through a set of signaling pathways. CYP24A1, SMRT, and SNAIL are three genes responsible for Vit-D resistance as their activity either lowers the circulatory levels of Vit-D or reduces its availability in target tissues. The hydroxylase CYP24A1 inactivates analogs and prohormonal and/or hormonal forms of calcitriol. Elevation of the expression of CYP24A1 is the major cause of exacerbation of several diseases. CYP24A1 is rate-limiting, and its induction has been correlated with increased prognosis of diseases, while loss of function mutations cause hypersensitivity to Vit-D. The silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT) and its corepressor are involved in the transcriptional repression of VDR-target genes. SNAIL1 (SNAIL), SNAIL2 (Slug), and SNAIL3 (Smuc) are involved in transcriptional repression and binding to histone deacetylases and methyltransferases in addition to recruiting polycomb repressive complexes to the target gene promoters. An inverse relationship between the levels of calcitriol and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition is reported. Studies have demonstrated a strong association between Vit-D deficiency and chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, etc. Vit-D resistant genes associated with the aforementioned chronic diseases could serve as potential therapeutic targets. This review focuses on the basic structures and mechanisms of the repression of Vit-D regulated genes and highlights the role of Vit-D resistant genes in chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunnath Lakshmanan Milan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ravichandran Jayasuriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Kannan Harithpriya
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Murugesan Anuradha
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dronamraju V L Sarada
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Nadhiroh Siti Rahayu
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
| | - Kunka Mohanram Ramkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Šošić-Jurjević B, Trifunović S, Živanović J, Ajdžanović V, Miler M, Ristić N, Filipović B. Vitamin D 3 Treatment Alters Thyroid Functional Morphology in Orchidectomized Rat Model of Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020791. [PMID: 35054977 PMCID: PMC8775693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D plays an essential role in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Thyroid hormones, in addition to vitamin D, significantly contribute to regulation of bone remodeling cycle and health. There is currently no data about a possible connection between vitamin D treatment and the thyroid in the context of osteoporosis. Middle-aged Wistar rats were divided into: sham operated (SO), orchidectomized (Orx), and cholecalciferol-treated orchidectomized (Orx + Vit. D3; 5 µg/kg b.m./day during three weeks) groups (n = 6/group). Concentration of 25(OH)D in serum of the Orx + Vit. D3 group increased 4 and 3.2 times (p < 0.0001) respectively, compared to Orx and SO group. T4, TSH, and calcitonin in serum remained unaltered. Vit. D3 treatment induced changes in thyroid functional morphology that indicate increased utilization of stored colloid and release of thyroid hormones in comparison with hormone synthesis, to maintain hormonal balance. Increased expression of nuclear VDR (p < 0.05) points to direct, TSH independent action of Vit. D on thyrocytes. Strong CYP24A1 immunostaining in C cells suggests its prominent expression in response to Vit. D in this cell subpopulation in orchidectomized rat model of osteoporosis. The indirect effect of Vit. D on bone, through fine regulation of thyroid function, is small.
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Kim MJ, Kim D, Koo JS, Lee JH, Nam KH. Vitamin D Receptor Expression and its Clinical Significance in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221089933. [PMID: 35379049 PMCID: PMC8988685 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221089933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between vitamin D receptor (an essential component in the vitamin D signaling pathway) and serum vitamin D as well as its clinical significance in papillary thyroid cancer. Methods: This prospective cohort study comprised patients with thyroid tumors who visited our hospital, from 2017 to 2018. The level of vitamin D receptor expression from thyroid tissue was measured in patients with thyroid tumor and evaluated for correlation with serum vitamin D levels and clinicopathologic characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer. Data from 501 patients with papillary thyroid cancer from The Cancer Genome Atlas database were analyzed. Results: Increased vitamin D receptor protein and mRNA expression were observed in papillary thyroid cancer compared to those in normal and benign tissues. Lower vitamin D receptor protein expression was associated with high TNM stage papillary thyroid cancer and low p21 protein expression. Lower relative vitamin D receptor mRNA expression in papillary thyroid cancer was associated with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level. The Cancer Genome Atlas database showed a positive correlation among mRNA expression of vitamin D receptor, CYP24A1, and p21. Conclusions: An association between decreased vitamin D receptor protein expression and advanced stage papillary thyroid cancer, and a correlation between low vitamin D receptor mRNA expression with low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was observed. Low vitamin D receptor expression in papillary thyroid cancer was shown to positively correlate with low serum vitamin D level and disease aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jhi Kim
- Department of Surgery, CHA Ilsan Medical Center, 65470CHA University School of Medicine, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea.,Department of Surgery, Graduate School, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daham Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Endocrine Research, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja Seung Koo
- Department of Pathology, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kee-Hyun Nam
- Department of Surgery, 37991Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Fang Y, Song H, Huang J, Zhou J, Ding X. The clinical significance of vitamin D levels and vitamin D receptor mRNA expression in colorectal neoplasms. J Clin Lab Anal 2021; 35:e23988. [PMID: 34651346 PMCID: PMC8605155 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of changes in vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and vitamin D receptor (VDR) mRNA expression in colorectal adenoma development. METHODS Plasma concentrations of 25(OH)D and mRNA expression of VDR in tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), respectively. In addition, the concentration of plasma 25(OH)D and levels of VDR mRNA in tissues were compared among healthy individuals and adenoma and adenocarcinoma patients. RESULTS Vitamin D receptor expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in para-cancerous tissues that were >5 cm away from malignant tumor sites (p < 0.01). The level of VDR expression in normal colorectal tissues from healthy individuals was significantly higher than that in colorectal adenomas (p < 0.01) and colorectal adenocarcinomas (p < 0.01); however, the VDR expression was not significantly different between colorectal adenomas and colorectal adenocarcinomas (p = 0.106). The concentration of 25(OH)D in healthy individuals was significantly higher than that in patients with colorectal adenomas (p < 0.01) and colorectal adenocarcinomas (p < 0.01); however, the concentration of 25(OH)D was not significantly different between colorectal adenomas and colorectal adenocarcinomas (p = 0.489). A low concentration of 25(OH)D was considered a risk factor for colorectal adenoma and colorectal adenocarcinoma, with odds ratios of 4.875 and 2.925, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The 25(OH)D levels and VDR mRNA expression might be associated with the development of colorectal adenoma and its progression to adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Haojun Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianbo Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Xue Y, Wang P, Jiang F, Yu J, Ding H, Zhang Z, Pei H, Li B. A Newly Identified lncBCAS1-4_1 Associated With Vitamin D Signaling and EMT in Ovarian Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2021; 11:691500. [PMID: 34422647 PMCID: PMC8377733 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.691500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were identified rapidly due to their important role in many biological processes and human diseases including cancer. 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1α,25(OH)2D3] and its analogues are widely applied as preventative and therapeutic anticancer agents. However, the expression profile of lncRNAs regulated by 1α,25(OH)2D3 in ovarian cancer remains to be clarified. In the present study, we found 606 lncRNAs and 102 mRNAs that showed differential expression (DE) based on microarray data. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the DE genes were mainly enriched in TGF-β, MAPK, Ras, PI3K-Akt, and Hippo signaling pathways, as well as the vitamin D-related pathway. We further assessed the potential lncRNAs that linked vitamin D signaling with EMT, and lncBCAS1-4_1 was identified in the first time. Moreover, we found that the most upregulated lncBCAS1-4_1 showed 75% same transcripts with CYP24A1 (metabolic enzyme of 1α,25(OH)2D3). Finally, the lncBCAS1-4_1 gain-of-function cell model was established, which demonstrated that the knockdown of lncBCAS1-4_1 inhibited the proliferation and migration of ovarian cancer cells. Furthermore, lncBCAS1-4_1 could resist the antitumor effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3, which was associated with upregulated ZEB1. These data provide new evidences that lncRNAs served as a target for the antitumor effect of 1α,25(OH)2D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Xue
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zengli Zhang
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hailong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Radiological Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- Deparment of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Scuto M, Trovato Salinaro A, Caligiuri I, Ontario ML, Greco V, Sciuto N, Crea R, Calabrese EJ, Rizzolio F, Canzonieri V, Calabrese V. Redox modulation of vitagenes via plant polyphenols and vitamin D: Novel insights for chemoprevention and therapeutic interventions based on organoid technology. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 199:111551. [PMID: 34358533 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyphenols are chemopreventive through the induction of nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated proteins and anti-inflammatory pathways. These pathways, encoding cytoprotective vitagenes, include heat shock proteins, such as heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), as well as glutathione redox system to protect against cancer initiation and progression. Phytochemicals exhibit biphasic dose responses on cancer cells, activating at low dose, signaling pathways resulting in upregulation of vitagenes, as in the case of the Nrf2 pathway upregulated by hydroxytyrosol (HT) or curcumin and NAD/NADH-sirtuin-1 activated by resveratrol. Here, the importance of vitagenes in redox stress response and autophagy mechanisms, as well as the potential use of dietary antioxidants in the prevention and treatment of multiple types of cancer are discussed. We also discuss the possible relationship between SARS-CoV-2, inflammation and cancer, exploiting innovative therapeutic approaches with HT-rich aqueous olive pulp extract (Hidrox®), a natural polyphenolic formulation, as well as the rationale of Vitamin D supplementation. Finally, we describe innovative approaches with organoids technology to study human carcinogenesis in preclinical models from basic cancer research to clinical practice, suggesting patient-derived organoids as an innovative tool to test drug toxicity and drive personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Angela Trovato Salinaro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy.
| | - Maria Laura Ontario
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Valentina Greco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Nello Sciuto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberto Crea
- Oliphenol LLC., 26225 Eden Landing Road, Suite C, Hayward, CA 94545, USA.
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca'Foscari University of Venice, 30123 Venezia, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
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11
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He L, Li H, Pan C, Hua Y, Peng J, Zhou Z, Zhao Y, Lin M. Squalene epoxidase promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation through accumulating calcitriol and activating CYP24A1-mediated MAPK signaling. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2021; 41:726-746. [PMID: 34268906 PMCID: PMC8360641 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant tumors with high incidence, yet its molecular mechanism is not fully understood, hindering the development of targeted therapy. Metabolic abnormalities are a hallmark of cancer. Targeting dysregulated metabolic features has become an important direction for modern anticancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to identify a new metabolic enzyme that promotes proliferation of CRC and to examine the related molecular mechanisms. Methods We performed RNA sequencing and tissue microarray analyses of human CRC samples to identify new genes involved in CRC. Squalene epoxidase (SQLE) was identified to be highly upregulated in CRC patients. The regulatory function of SQLE in CRC progression and the therapeutic effect of SQLE inhibitors were determined by measuring CRC cell viability, colony and organoid formation, intracellular cholesterol concentration and xenograft tumor growth. The molecular mechanism of SQLE function was explored by combining transcriptome and untargeted metabolomics analysis. Western blotting and real‐time PCR were used to assess MAPK signaling activation by SQLE. Results SQLE‐related control of cholesterol biosynthesis was highly upregulated in CRC patients and associated with poor prognosis. SQLE promoted CRC growth in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of SQLE reduced the levels of calcitriol (active form of vitamin D3) and CYP24A1, followed by an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Subsequently, MAPK signaling was suppressed, resulting in the inhibition of CRC cell growth. Consistently, terbinafine, an SQLE inhibitor, suppressed CRC cell proliferation and organoid and xenograft tumor growth. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that SQLE promotes CRC through the accumulation of calcitriol and stimulation of CYP24A1‐mediated MAPK signaling, highlighting SQLE as a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luwei He
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Huaguang Li
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Chenyu Pan
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Yutong Hua
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Jiayin Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China
| | - Zhaocai Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhao
- The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Moubin Lin
- Center for Clinical Research and Translational Medicine, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China.,Institute of Gastrointestinal Surgery and Translational Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China.,Department of General Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
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12
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Robak O, Kastner MT, Stecher C, Schneider M, Andreas M, Greinix H, Kallay E, Honsig C, Steininger C. Cytomegalovirus Infection Downregulates Vitamin D Receptor in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Transplantation 2021; 105:1595-1602. [PMID: 32890131 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative option for patients with hematologic diseases but is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in HSCT patients and modulates vitamin D metabolism in vitro. We aimed at validating CMV-associated vitamin D metabolism in vivo in HSCT. METHODS Patients treated for significant CMV viremia after HSCT were evaluated for CMV load before, during, and after antiviral treatment. RNA was isolated from whole-blood samples to test for regulation of key components of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway during different phases of CMV viremia. RESULTS CMV viremia developed a mean time of 102 (±34) d post-HSCT. Maximum levels of CMV-DNA reached a mean of 5668 (±7257) copies/mL. VDR expression was downregulated to a mean of 64.3% (±42.5%) relative to the VDR expression pre-CMV viremia (P = 0.035) and lagged in recovery following antiviral treatment. Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 mRNA was upregulated to 225.4% during CMV viremia relative to the expression pre-CMV viremia (P = 0.012) but not TLR6/7/8 and the TLR-adaptor protein MyD88. Levels of 25-OH vitamin D were reduced in all viremic patients (48.0 ± 4.8 versus 25.1 ± 3.7 ng/mL) and were even lower after periods of CMV viremia compared with the control group (48.3 ± 3.5 versus 17.8 ± 1.8 ng/mL; P = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS CMV viremia is associated with significant dysregulation of vitamin D metabolism in HSCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Robak
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Theres Kastner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen Stecher
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Schneider
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Andreas
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hildegard Greinix
- Department of Haematology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Enikö Kallay
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Honsig
- Division of Clinical Virology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Steininger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Chai L, Ni J, Ni X, Zhang N, Liu Y, Ji Z, Zhao X, Zhu X, Zhao B, Xin G, Wang Y, Yang F, Sun L, Zhu X, Bao W, Shui X, Wang F, Chen F, Yang Z. Association of CYP24A1 gene polymorphism with colorectal cancer in the Jiamusi population. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253474. [PMID: 34191826 PMCID: PMC8244863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The population in Jiamusi has been reported to have the highest prevalence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in China. The genetic causal-effect for this occurrence among the residents remains unclear. Given the long cold seasons with people wearing more clothes and reduced UV exposure, we aimed to study the association between the vitamin D metabolism-related gene CYP24A1 polymorphism and CRC susceptibility. METHOD A case-control study was conducted that included 168 patients with CRC and 710 age-matched healthy individuals as the control group. Plausible susceptible variations were sought and clinical phenotypic-genotype association analysis was performed. RESULTS Overall, two CYP24A1 polymorphisms, rs6013905 AX (P = 0.02, OR = 1.89, 95%CI: 1.09-3.29) and rs2762939 GX (P = 0.02, OR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.08-2.13) were significantly associated with CRC in the Jiamusi population. In the female group, three CYP24A1 polymorphisms, rs6013905 AX (P = 0.04, OR = 2.59, 95%CI: 1.03-6.49), rs2762939 GX (P = 0.01, OR = 2.35, 95%CI: 1.25-4.42), and rs6068816 GG (P = 0.05, OR = 1.89, 95%CI: 0.99-3.59) carriers were significantly associated with CRC. In clinical phenotypic-genotype analysis, rs6013905 GG (P = 0.05, OR = 4.00, 95%CI: 0.92-17.48) and rs2762939 GX (P = 0.03, OR = 4.87, 95%CI: 1.00-23.69) carriers were significantly associated with poorly differentiated CRC, while CYP24A1 rs6068816 AX was significantly associated with the tumor type (P = 0.02, OR = 2.08, 95%CI: 1.10-3.96) and location (P = 0.04, OR = 2.24, 95%CI: 1.05-4.77). CONCLUSION CYP24A1 gene polymorphism may be a genetic risk factor attributable to the highest prevalence of CRC in Jiamusi people. Individuals with CYP24A1 gene polymorphism may have an increased barrier for vitamin D absorption, thus contributing to the risk of CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwu Ji
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xingwang Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Guorong Xin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wenhua Bao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Shui
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Fengling Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Fujun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ze Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. China
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
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14
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Is Vitamin D Deficiency Related to Increased Cancer Risk in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126444. [PMID: 34208589 PMCID: PMC8233804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is related with increased risk for the development of cancer. Apart from shared common risk factors typical for both diseases, diabetes driven factors including hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia and low grade chronic inflammation are of great importance. Recently, vitamin D deficiency was reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of numerous diseases, including T2DM and cancer. However, little is known whether vitamin D deficiency may be responsible for elevated cancer risk development in T2DM patients. Therefore, the aim of the current review is to identify the molecular mechanisms by which vitamin D deficiency may contribute to cancer development in T2DM patients. Vitamin D via alleviation of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, oxidative stress and inflammation reduces diabetes driven cancer risk factors. Moreover, vitamin D strengthens the DNA repair process, and regulates apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells as well as signaling pathways involved in tumorigenesis i.e., tumor growth factor β (TGFβ), insulin-like growth factor (IGF) and Wnt-β-Cathenin. It should also be underlined that many types of cancer cells present alterations in vitamin D metabolism and action as a result of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and CYP27B1 expression dysregulation. Although, numerous studies revealed that adequate vitamin D concentration prevents or delays T2DM and cancer development, little is known how the vitamin affects cancer risk among T2DM patients. There is a pressing need for randomized clinical trials to clarify whether vitamin D deficiency may be a factor responsible for increased risk of cancer in T2DM patients, and whether the use of the vitamin by patients with diabetes and cancer may improve cancer prognosis and metabolic control of diabetes.
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15
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Sneha S, Baker SC, Green A, Storr S, Aiyappa R, Martin S, Pors K. Intratumoural Cytochrome P450 Expression in Breast Cancer: Impact on Standard of Care Treatment and New Efforts to Develop Tumour-Selective Therapies. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9030290. [PMID: 33809117 PMCID: PMC7998590 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9030290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in treatment strategies over the past decade, selective treatment of breast cancer with limited side-effects still remains a great challenge. The cytochrome P450 (CYP) family of enzymes contribute to cancer cell proliferation, cell signaling and drug metabolism with implications for treatment outcomes. A clearer understanding of CYP expression is important in the pathogenesis of breast cancer as several isoforms play critical roles in metabolising steroid hormones and xenobiotics that contribute to the genesis of breast cancer. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on how the presence of CYPs impacts on standard of care (SoC) drugs used to treat breast cancer as well as discuss opportunities to exploit CYP expression for therapeutic intervention. Finally, we provide our thoughts on future work in CYP research with the aim of supporting ongoing efforts to develop drugs with improved therapeutic index for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smarakan Sneha
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK;
| | - Simon C. Baker
- Jack Birch Unit for Molecular Carcinogenesis, Department of Biology & York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK;
| | - Andrew Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.G.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Sarah Storr
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.G.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Radhika Aiyappa
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.G.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Stewart Martin
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK; (A.G.); (S.S.); (R.A.); (S.M.)
| | - Klaus Pors
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1274-236482 or +44-(0)1274-235866; Fax: +44-(0)1274-233234
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16
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Lin W, Zou H, Mo J, Jin C, Jiang H, Yu C, Jiang Z, Yang Y, He B, Wang K. Micro1278 Leads to Tumor Growth Arrest, Enhanced Sensitivity to Oxaliplatin and Vitamin D and Inhibits Metastasis via KIF5B, CYP24A1, and BTG2, Respectively. Front Oncol 2021; 11:637878. [PMID: 33791222 PMCID: PMC8006274 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.637878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cancer type in the digestive tract. Chemotherapy drugs, such as oxaliplatin, are frequently administered to CRC patients diagnosed with advanced or metastatic disease. A better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying CRC tumorigenesis and the identification of optimal biomarkers for assessing chemotherapy sensitivity are essential for the treatment of CRC. Various microRNAs, constituting class of non-coding RNAs with 20-22 nucleotides, have served as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in CRC. We analyzed miR-1278 expression in clinical samples by qRT-PCR. We then explored the role of miR-1278 in CRC growth in vitro and in vivo as well as sensitivity to oxaliplatin via RNA-seq and gain- and loss-of-function assays. We found that miR-1278 was downregulated in CRC samples, correlating with advanced clinical stage, and overexpression of miR-1278 led to tumor growth arrest and increased sensitivity to oxaliplatin via enhanced apoptosis and DNA damage. Suppression of KIF5B by miR-1278 through direct binding to its 3′UTR was the mechanism for the miR-1278-mediated effects in CRC, miR-1278 inhibits metastasis of CRC through upregulation of BTG2. Additionally, we also found that the expression of CYP24A1, the main enzyme determining the biological half-life of calcitriol, was significantly inhibited by miR-1278, according to data from clinical, RNA-seq and functional assays, which allowed miR-1278 to sensitize CRC cells to vitamin D. In summary, our data demonstrated that miR-1278 may serve as a potential tumor suppressor gene and biomarker for determining sensitivity to oxaliplatin and vitamin D in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Heng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinggang Mo
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Chong Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Chengyang Yu
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Zufu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Yusha Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Bin He
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
| | - Kunpeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China.,Taizhou Key Laboratory of General Surgery, Taizhou, China
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17
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Pastor L, Vettorazzi A, Guruceaga E, López de Cerain A. Time Course of Renal Transcriptomics after Subchronic Exposure to Ochratoxin A in Fisher Rats. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:177. [PMID: 33652839 PMCID: PMC7996782 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent nephrocarcinogen, mainly in male rats. The aim of this study was to determine the time course of gene expression (GeneChip® Rat Gene 2.0 ST Array, Affymetrix) in kidney samples from male and female F344 rats, treated daily (p.o) with 0.50 mg/kg b.w. (body weight) of OTA for 7 or 21 days, and evaluate if there were differences between both sexes. After OTA treatment, there was an evolution of gene expression in the kidney over time, with more differentially expressed genes (DEG) at 21 days. The gene expression time course was different between sexes with respect to the number of DEG and the direction of expression (up or down): the female response was progressive and consistent over time, whereas males had a different early response with more DEG, most of them up-regulated. The statistically most significant DEG corresponded to metabolism enzymes (Akr1b7, Akr1c2, Adh6 down-regulated in females; Cyp2c11, Dhrs7, Cyp2d1, Cyp2d5 down-regulated in males) or transporters (Slc17a9 down-regulated in females; Slco1a1 (OATP-1) and Slc51b and Slc22a22 (OAT) down-regulated in males). Some of these genes had also a basal sex difference and were over-expressed in males or females with respect to the other sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pastor
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, CIFA Building, c/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.); (A.L.d.C.)
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, CIFA Building, c/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.); (A.L.d.C.)
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Elizabeth Guruceaga
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
- Bioinformatics Platform, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, CIFA Building, c/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; (L.P.); (A.L.d.C.)
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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18
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Kim C, Choe H, Park J, Kim G, Kim K, Jeon HJ, Moon JK, Kim MJ, Lee SE. Molecular mechanisms of developmental toxicities of azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin toward zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos: Visualization of abnormal development using two transgenic lines. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116087. [PMID: 33234374 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Azoxystrobin (AZ) and pyraclostrobin (PY) are strobilurin fungicides that inhibit fungal mitochondrial respiration. In this study, a representative model, zebrafish (Danio rerio), was used as a test species for acute and developmental toxicity. Survival and malformation rates were observed only PY-treated embryos, with an LC50 value of 77.75 ppb accompanied by a dramatic decrease in hatching rate, while AZ did not show great mortality. Morphological changes were observed in PY-treated embryos with the occurrence of pericadial edema at 25 ppb. A delay in growth was observed after treatment with pyraclostrobin at 50 ppb. Use of genetically engineered Tg(cmlc:EGFP) allowed fluorescence observation during heart development. PY interfered with normal heart development via upregulation of the nppa gene responsible for the expression of natriuretic peptides. Heart function was dramatically reduced as indicated by reduced heart rates. Increased expression of the nppa gene was also seen in AZ-treated embryos. The expression level of cyp24a1 was also up-regulated, while ugt1a1 and sult1st6 were down-regulated after treatment of zebrafish embryos with AZ or PY. Overall, strobilurin fungicides might inhibit normal heart formation and function within the range of concentrations tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaeeun Kim
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeseung Choe
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Park
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Gayoung Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeongnam Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwang-Ju Jeon
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Kwan Moon
- Department of Plant Life and Environmental Sciences, Hankyong National University, Ansung 17579, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Jin Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Lee
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Izreig S, Hajek M, Edwards HA, Mehra S, Sasaki C, Judson BL, Rahmati RW. The role of vitamin D in head and neck cancer. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2020; 5:1079-1088. [PMID: 33364397 PMCID: PMC7752058 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) describes a set of malignancies of the head and neck that continue to inflict considerable morbidity and mortality. Because HNSCC often presents at an advanced stage, patients frequently undergo intensive multi-modal therapy with an intent to cure. Vitamin D is a precursor to the biologically active hormone calcitriol which governs bone and calcium physiology that is obtained from diet and UV-B exposure. Vitamin D is known to have pleiotropic effects on health and disease. In this review, we examine the role of vitamin D in cancer with emphasis on HNSCC and discuss potential avenues for further research that might better elucidate the role of vitamin D in the management of HNSCC. REVIEW METHODS A review of MEDLINE database indexed literature concerning the role and biology of vitamin D in HNSCC was conducted, with special consideration of recently published work and research involving immunobiology and HNSCC. CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests that vitamin D may play a role in protecting against HNSCC, particularly in persons who smoke, although conflicting and limited data exists. Promising initial work encourages the pursuit of further study. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The significant morbidity and mortality that HNSCC brings warrants continued research in available and safe interventions that improve patient outcomes. With the rise of immunotherapy as an effective modality for treatment, continued research of vitamin D as an adjunct in the treatment of HNSCC is supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Izreig
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Michael Hajek
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Heather A. Edwards
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Present address:
Department of Otolaryngology‐Head & Neck SurgeryBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Saral Mehra
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Clarence Sasaki
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Benjamin L. Judson
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Rahmatullah W. Rahmati
- Department of Surgery, Section of OtolaryngologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
- Yale Cancer CenterNew HavenConnecticutUSA
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Sadeghi H, Heiat M. A novel circular RNA hsa_circ_0060927 may serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker for human colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:6649-6655. [PMID: 32803502 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05716-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CYP24A1 plays a role in strictly regulated vitamin D metabolism pathway and has been nominated as a prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). Increasing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in cancer initiation and progression; however, their diagnostic values in cancers as the new potential biomarkers are still not fully understood. In the present study, by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we demonstrated that CYP24A1 and hsa_circ_0060927 were only transcribed in 33 and 25 out of 83 CRC tissues, respectively. In these samples, we demonstrated that CYP24A1 was up-regulated in both linear and circular forms (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we showed that CYP24A1and hsa_circ_0060927 transcription were induced after vitamin D treatment in HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. Importantly, analysis of the ROC curve in expressed samples indicated that CYP24A1 and hsa_circ_0060927 could serve as the potential diagnostic markers of CRC, but due to the fact that these transcripts are not expressed in many samples, the diagnostic role of these transcripts could be rejected. Taken together, for the first time, the results of our study illustrated the expression levels hsa_circ_0060927 in CRC; however, further studies are required to validate the present results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sadeghi
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Heiat
- Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Sadeghi H, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Sahebi U, Fazeli E, Azizi-Tabesh G, Yassaee VR, Savabkar S, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Zali MR, Mirfakhraie R. Novel long noncoding RNAs upregulation may have synergistic effects on the CYP24A1 and PFDN4 biomarker role in human colorectal cancer. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:2051-2057. [PMID: 32743796 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as the master regulators of tumor initiation, proliferation, and metastasis; however, their diagnostic value as potential biomarkers should be clarified. Vitamin D influences the expression of several genes in various pathways, including the CYP24A1 gene in the vitamin D metabolism pathway. In the present research, we surveyed the expression levels and clinical significance of novel lncRNAs related to CYP24A1 and PFDN4 genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, we assessed the expression of these genes after vitamin D treatment in HCT-116 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. Our results indicated that the transcription of CYP24A1, PFDN4, and nearby lncRNAs was affected by vitamin D treatment in HCT-116 and HT-29 cell lines. Moreover, CYP24A1, PFDN4, lnc-CYP24A1-3:1, and lnc-TSHZ2-19:1 were upregulated and had the potential to distinguish colorectal cancer tissues from the adjacent tissues by the large area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.94, 0.66, 0.70, and 0.60, respectively). lnc-TSHZ2-19:1 expression level significantly correlated with gender (p = .03). In conclusion, CYP24A1, PFDN4, lnc-CYP24A1-3:1, and lnc-TSHZ2-19:1 can be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers in the specific and sensitive assessment of CRC. Besides this, vitamin D treatment may modulate the expression of these genes in a cell-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sadeghi
- Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Unes Sahebi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Fazeli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghasem Azizi-Tabesh
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid R Yassaee
- Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Savabkar
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Zali
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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22
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Negri M, Gentile A, de Angelis C, Montò T, Patalano R, Colao A, Pivonello R, Pivonello C. Vitamin D-Induced Molecular Mechanisms to Potentiate Cancer Therapy and to Reverse Drug-Resistance in Cancer Cells. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061798. [PMID: 32560347 PMCID: PMC7353389 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing interest in studying the role of vitamin D in cancer has been provided by the scientific literature during the last years, although mixed results have been reported. Vitamin D deficiency has been largely associated with various types of solid and non-solid human cancers, and the almost ubiquitous expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) has always led to suppose a crucial role of vitamin D in cancer. However, the association between vitamin D levels and the risk of solid cancers, such as colorectal, prostate and breast cancer, shows several conflicting results that raise questions about the use of vitamin D supplements in cancer patients. Moreover, studies on vitamin D supplementation do not always show improvements in tumor progression and mortality risk, particularly for prostate and breast cancer. Conversely, several molecular studies are in agreement about the role of vitamin D in inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, growth and invasiveness, cell cycle arrest and inflammatory signaling, through which vitamin D may also regulate cancer microenvironment through the activation of different molecular pathways. More recently, a role in the regulation of cancer stem cells proliferation and short non-coding microRNA (miRNAs) expression has emerged, conferring to vitamin D a more crucial role in cancer development and progression. Interestingly, it has been shown that vitamin D is able not only to potentiate the effects of traditional cancer therapy but can even contribute to overcome the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance—often triggering tumor-spreading. At this regard, vitamin D can act at various levels through the regulation of growth of cancer stem cells and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as through the modulation of miRNA gene expression. The current review reconsiders epidemiological and molecular literature concerning the role of vitamin D in cancer risk and tumor development and progression, as well as the action of vitamin D supplementation in potentiating the effects of drug therapy and overcoming the mechanisms of resistance often triggered during cancer therapies, by critically addressing strengths and weaknesses of available data from 2010 to 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariarosaria Negri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Annalisa Gentile
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Cristina de Angelis
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Tatiana Montò
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Roberta Patalano
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Unesco Chair for Health Education and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Università Federico II di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.N.); (A.G.); (C.d.A.); (T.M.); (R.P.); (A.C.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence:
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23
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Sadeghi H, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Yassaee VR, Savabkar S, Ghasemian M, Aghdaei HA, Zali MR, Mirfakhraie R. Could CYP24A1 promoter methylation status affect the gene expression in the colorectal cancer patients? Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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24
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Garcia PM, Moore J, Kahan D, Hong MY. Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammation, Colonic Cell Kinetics, and Microbiota in Colitis: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25102300. [PMID: 32422882 PMCID: PMC7288056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25102300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is widely known to regulate bone health, but there is increasing evidence that it may also ameliorate colitis through inflammation, cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the microbiota. The purpose of this review is to systematically examine the mechanisms by which vitamin D reduces colitis. PubMed and Web of Science were searched for articles published between 2008 and 2019 using key words such as "vitamin D," "colitis," "inflammatory bowel disease," "inflammation," "apoptosis," "cell proliferation," and "gut bacteria". Retrieved articles were further narrowed and it was determined whether their title and abstracts contained terminology pertaining to vitamin D in relation to colitis in human clinical trials, animal studies, and cell culture/biopsy studies, as well as selecting the best match sorting option in relation to the research question. In total, 30 studies met the established criteria. Studies consistently reported results showing that vitamin D supplementation can downregulate inflammatory pathways of COX-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, and MAPK, modify cell kinetics, and alter gut microbiome, all of which contribute to an improved state of colitis. Although vitamin D and vitamin D analogs have demonstrated positive effects against colitis, more randomized, controlled human clinical trials are needed to determine the value of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of colitis.
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25
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Ye M, Han R, Shi J, Wang X, Zhao AZ, Li F, Chen H. Cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein (CAS) suppresses the proliferation of breast cancer cells by upregulated cyp24a1. Med Oncol 2020; 37:43. [PMID: 32270348 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-01366-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Although several studies demonstrated cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein (CAS) involved in the development of breast cancer, the underlying mechanisms of CAS regulating cell processes in the breast cancer remain elusive. In the present study, we explored the possible mechanism of CAS in contributing to the cell proliferation in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Knockdown of CAS led to the reduction of cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase after knocking down CAS with the decrease of cyclinD1. In addition, RNA-seq analysis for the CAS knockdown cells demonstrated that total eleven genes were significantly altered (Fold changes > 2). Of note, the expression of cyp24a1 was dramatically increased in the shCAS cells compared to that of shNC cells as well as confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). These observations clarified the previous conflicting results on the cell fates of the breast cells regulated by CAS and provide new insight into the role of CAS in the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Ye
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruigang Han
- Reproductive Medicine Center of The 306th Hospital of PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwu Shi
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xunda Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Allan Z Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanghong Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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26
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Switching to a Healthy Diet Prevents the Detrimental Effects of Western Diet in a Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Model. Nutrients 2019; 12:nu12010045. [PMID: 31877961 PMCID: PMC7019913 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease increases the odds of developing colitis-associated cancer. We hypothesized that Western-style diet (WD) aggravates azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced colitis-associated tumorigenesis and that switching to the standard AIN93G diet will ameliorate disease symptoms even after cancer initiation. Female BALB/c mice received either WD (WD group) or standard AIN93G diet (AIN group) for the whole experimental period. After five weeks, the mice received 12.5 mg/kg AOM intraperitoneally, followed by three DSS cycles. In one group of mice, the WD was switched to AIN93G the day before starting the first DSS cycle (WD/AIN group). Feeding the WD during the whole experimental period aggravated colitis symptoms, shortened the colon (p < 0.05), changed microbiota composition and increased tumor promotion. On molecular level, the WD reduced proliferation (p < 0.05) and increased expression of the vitamin D catabolizing enzyme Cyp24a1 (p < 0.001). The switch to the AIN93G diet ameliorated this effect, reflected by longer colons, fewer (p < 0.05) and smaller (p < 0.01) aberrant colonic crypt foci, comparable with the AIN group. Our results show that switching to a healthy diet, even after cancer initiation is able to revert the deleterious effect of the WD and could be an effective preventive strategy to reduce colitis symptoms and prevent tumorigenesis.
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Sadeghi H, Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad E, Piltan S, Fazeli E, Moradi Y, Amin-Beidokhti M, Yassaee VR, Aghdaei HA, Zali MR, Mirfakhraie R. A candidate intronic CYP24A1 gene variant affects the risk of colorectal cancer. Biomark Med 2019; 14:23-29. [PMID: 31802707 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2019-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: rs2585428 and rs4809960 polymorphisms were significantly associated with overall cancer risk, but there is no evidence regarding the overall colorectal cancer (CRC) risk. Materials & methods: A total of 505 subjects, including 246 patients with CRC and 259 noncancer controls participated in the study. The genotyping was performed using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation systems PCR. Results: Analysis of genotypes revealed that CYP24A1 rs4809960 CC genotype decreased the risk of CRC (p = 0.009). In addition, the genotype frequencies showed a significant difference under the dominant and recessive inheritance models (p = 0.019 and p = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that the CYP24A1 rs4809960 polymorphism decreased the risk of CRC in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Piltan
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Fazeli
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Younes Moradi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Amin-Beidokhti
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Reza Yassaee
- Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Department of Molecular Biology, Basic & Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology & Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Mirfakhraie
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Molecular Genetics Department, Genomic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Yi C, Huang C, Wang H, Wang C, Dong L, Gu X, Feng X, Chen B. Association study between CYP24A1 gene polymorphisms and cancer risk. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 216:152735. [PMID: 31740231 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
CYP24A1, an essential gene in regulation of vitamin D, has been reported to play an important role in enhancing immune activity and inhibiting tumorigenesis. Previous studies proposed that rs2585428, rs4809960, rs6022999 and rs6068816 in CYP24A1 gene might be greatly associated with cancer risk. To validate the findings, we here investigated the associations of these four polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk in a central Chinese population (426 colon cancer patients, 361 rectal cancer patients and 800 healthy controls). The genotyping was conducted by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and confirmed by sequencing. Our results revealed that the rs4809960 and rs6022999 were strongly associated with the CRC risk, especially with the colon cancer risk. Moreover, the analysis of haplotypes consisting of rs2585428(G > A), rs4809960(T > C), rs6022999(A > G) and rs6068816(C > T) indicated that haplotype ATGC significantly decreased the CRC risk, especially the colon cancer risk. Haplotype GCAT significantly increased the CRC risk, especially the rectal cancer risk. However, haplotype ACAC was only found to be associated with increased risk of CRC. To improve the statistical strength, an updated meta-analysis was further performed. The results showed that rs2585428 was associated with cancer risk in Caucasian population, rs4809960 was associated with breast cancer risk in Caucasian population, and rs6022999 was associated with cancer risk in Asian population. Collectively, the rs4809960 and rs6022999 may be the genetic biomarkers for prediction of colon cancer risk in Chinese population, the rs2585428 and rs6022999 may link to cancer susceptibility in Caucasian population and in Asian population respectly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Yi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lijuan Dong
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiuli Gu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China; Department of Reproductive Genetics, Wuhan Tongji Reproductive Medicine Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianhong Feng
- Clinical Laboratory, Wuhan Xinzhou District People's Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Bifeng Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Cai H, Jiao Y, Li Y, Yang Z, He M, Liu Y. Low CYP24A1 mRNA expression and its role in prognosis of breast cancer. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13714. [PMID: 31548577 PMCID: PMC6757028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50214-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant cancer in women. CYP24A1 expression regulates cellular response to vitamin D, which has antitumor effects against breast cancer. This study aimed to identify the correlation between CYP24A1 mRNA expression and prognosis of breast cancer. This study enrolled 1102 patients, including 1090 females and 12 males, from TCGA-BRCA cohort. The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to study CYP24A1 mRNA expression in breast cancer, and Chi-squared tests were performed to test the correlation between clinical features and CYP24A1 expression. The prognostic value of CYP24A1 in breast cancer was assessed using Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox analysis. Low CYP24A1 expression was associated with age, molecular subtype, ER, PR, HER2, menopause status, N classification, vital status, overall survial and relapse-free survival. CYP24A1 presented a moderate diagnostic ability in breast cancer. Furthermore, low CYP24A1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis. CYP24A1 was an independent risk factor for breast cancer. CYP24A1 plays an important role in prognosis of breast cancer. CYP24A1 has the potential to be a biomarker, especially in predicting prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiao Cai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoying Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, 126 Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033, P. R. China.
| | - Miao He
- Department of Anesthesia, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P. R. China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, P.R. China.
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Moghbeli M. Genetic and molecular biology of breast cancer among Iranian patients. J Transl Med 2019; 17:218. [PMID: 31286981 PMCID: PMC6615213 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1968-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Background, Breast cancer (BC) is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths in Iran. This high ratio of mortality had a rising trend during the recent years which is probably associated with late diagnosis. Main body Therefore it is critical to define a unique panel of genetic markers for the early detection among our population. In present review we summarized all of the reported significant genetic markers among Iranian BC patients for the first time, which are categorized based on their cellular functions. Conclusions This review paves the way of introducing a unique ethnic specific panel of diagnostic markers among Iranian BC patients. Indeed, this review can also clarify the genetic and molecular bases of BC progression among Iranians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Moghbeli
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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31
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Extra-Skeletal Effects of Vitamin D. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071460. [PMID: 31252594 PMCID: PMC6683065 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vitamin D receptor is expressed in multiple cells of the body (other than osteoblasts), including beta cells and cells involved in immune modulation (such as mononuclear cells, and activated T and B lymphocytes), and most organs in the body including the brain, heart, skin, gonads, prostate, breast, and gut. Consequently, the extra-skeletal impact of vitamin D deficiency has been an active area of research. While epidemiological and case-control studies have often suggested a link between vitamin D deficiency and conditions such as type 1 and type 2 diabetes, connective tissue disorders, inflammatory bowel disorders, chronic hepatitis, food allergies, asthma and respiratory infections, and cancer, interventional studies for the most part have failed to confirm a causative link. This review examines available evidence to date for the extra-skeletal effects of vitamin D deficiency, with a focus on randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses.
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Goyal H, Perisetti A, Rahman MR, Levin A, Lippi G. Vitamin D and Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Narrative Review. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:1098-1109. [PMID: 30511197 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-018-5400-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) performs various activities throughout the body. Although low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with several disease processes such as risk of fractures and falls, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus, recent evidence attests that this important hormone also regulates several cellular pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Calcitriol modulates several genes controlling gut physiology and calcium homeostasis and also maintains the integrity of epithelial barriers, regulates the absorption of phosphate and calcium, and modulates host defense against pathogens and inflammatory response by interplaying with several types of secretory and immune cells. Vitamin D deficiency is significantly related to increased risk of developing certain types of cancer. This deficiency can be prevented by vitamin D supplementation which is both economical and safe. This can lower the risk of developing cancer and also improve the prognosis of patients with gastrointestinal malignancy, but epidemiological data remain inconsistent. Several retrospective observational studies have demonstrated the benefits of vitamin D supplementation, but a few randomized controlled trials have not seemingly supported the beneficial role of vitamin D supplementation in gastrointestinal cancers. Therefore, in this literature review, we aimed to examine the possible role of vitamin D in gastrointestinal malignancies, including gastric, esophageal, pancreatic, hepatic, and colorectal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Goyal
- Mercer University School of Medicine, 707 Pine St, Macon, GA, 31201, USA.
| | - Abhilash Perisetti
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - M Rubayat Rahman
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Avi Levin
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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Pharmacokinetic interaction of calcitriol with 20(S)-protopanaxadiol in mice: Determined by LC/MS analysis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 130:173-180. [PMID: 30654110 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The physiological and anti-cancer functions of vitamin D3 are accomplished primarily via 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (calcitriol), whereas 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (aPPD) is a ginsenoside, which is isolated from Panax ginseng, with potential anti-cancer benefits. In the present study, we report a pharmacokinetic (PK) herb-nutrient interaction between calcitriol and aPPD in mice. A liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method was developed using 4-phenyl-1,2,4-triazoline-3,5-dione derivatizing agent and we subsequently used the method to quantitate calcitriol in mouse serum. The limit of quantitation was 0.01 ng/ml which is approximately 100 fold lower than the previously reported assay from our laboratory. Calcitriol PK parameters were determined in non-tumor-bearing or C4-2 human prostate tumor-bearing nude mice following oral co-administration of calcitriol either alone or in combination with aPPD. Mice were pretreated with oral aPPD (70 mg/kg) or vehicle control twice daily for seven consecutive days, followed by a single oral dose of 4 μg/kg calcitriol alone or in combination with aPPD. Our PK results demonstrated that co-administration of calcitriol with aPPD (following pre-treatment with vehicle for seven days) resulted in a 35% increase in the area under the curve (AUC0-24 h) and a 41% increase in the maximum serum concentration (Cmax) compared to the calcitriol only group. aPPD therefore significantly increased calcitriol serum exposure. We also saw a reduction in the time required to reach Cmax. In contrast, calcitriol PK in mice co-administered with calcitriol and aPPD as well as those pretreated seven consecutive days with aPPD was no different than that determined for the mice that received vehicle for seven days as pre-treatment. Co-administration of calcitriol with aPPD therefore could increase health benefits of vitamin D3, however any increased risk of hypercalcemia, resulting from this combination approach, requires further investigation. Lastly, we surmise that a cytochrome P450 inhibition-based mechanism may contribute to the observed PK interaction.
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Zendehdel A, Arefi M. Molecular evidence of role of vitamin D deficiency in various extraskeletal diseases. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8829-8840. [PMID: 30609168 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role of vitamin D is not only limited to skeletal system but various other systems of the body, such as immune system, endocrine system, and cardiopulmonary system. MATERIALS AND METHODS It is supported by the confirmations of systems-wide expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), endocrinal effect of calcitriol, and its role in immune responses. RESULTS Expression of VDR in various systems, immunoregulatory and hormonal response of vitamin D and deficiency of vitamin D may establish various pathologies in the body. CONCLUSION This review provides molecular evidence of relation of vitamin D with extra skeletal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Zendehdel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Arefi
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ferrer-Mayorga G, Larriba MJ, Crespo P, Muñoz A. Mechanisms of action of vitamin D in colon cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 185:1-6. [PMID: 29981368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the neoplasia that is most frequently associated with vitamin D deficiency in epidemiological and observational studies in terms of incidence and mortality. Many mechanistic studies show that the active vitamin D metabolite (1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 or calcitriol) inhibits proliferation and promotes epithelial differentiation of human colon carcinoma cell lines that express vitamin D receptor (VDR) via the regulation of a high number of genes. A key action underlining this effect is the multilevel inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, whose abnormal activation in colon epithelial cells initiates and promotes CRC. Recently, our group has shown that calcitriol modulates gene expression and inhibits protumoral properties of patient-derived colon cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Accordingly, high VDR expression in tumor stromal fibroblasts is associated with longer survival of CRC patients. Moreover, many types of immune cells express VDR and are regulated by calcitriol, which probably contributes to its action against CRC. Given the role attributed to the intestinal microbiota in CRC and the finding that it is altered by vitamin D deficiency, an indirect antitumoral effect of calcitriol is also plausible at this level. In summary, calcitriol has an array of potential protective effects against CRC by acting on carcinoma cells, CAFs, immune cells and probably also the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Ferrer-Mayorga
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ and CIBERONC, Arturo Duperier, 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Larriba
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ and CIBERONC, Arturo Duperier, 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Piero Crespo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria and CIBERONC, E-39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Alberto Muñoz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, IdiPAZ and CIBERONC, Arturo Duperier, 4, E-28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Vettorazzi A, Pastor L, Guruceaga E, López de Cerain A. Sex-dependent gene expression after ochratoxin A insult in F344 rat kidney. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:337-348. [PMID: 30449730 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent rodent nephrocarcinogen; being males more sensitive than females. The objective was to study the response between sexes at gene expression level (whole genome transcriptomics) in kidneys of F344 rats treated with 0.21 or 0.50 mg/kg bw OTA for 21 days. DNA methylation analysis of selected genes was also studied (MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry). OTA-induced response was dose-dependent in males and females, although clearer in males. Females showed a higher number of altered genes than males but functional analysis revealed a higher number of significantly enriched toxicity lists in 0.21 mg/kg treated males. OTA modulated damage, signaling and metabolism related lists, as well as inflammation, proliferation and oxidative stress in both sexes. Eleven toxicity lists (damage, fibrosis, cell signaling and metabolism) were exclusively altered in males while renal safety biomarker and biogenesis of mitochondria lists were exclusively enriched in females. A high number of lists (39) were significantly enriched in both sexes. However, they contained many sex-biased OTA-modulated genes, mainly phase I and II, transporters and nuclear receptors, but also others related to cell proliferation/apoptosis. No biologically relevant changes were observed in the methylation of selected genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Vettorazzi
- University of Navarra, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Laura Pastor
- University of Navarra, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Elizabeth Guruceaga
- IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; Bioinformatics Platform, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- University of Navarra, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain; IdiSNA, Navarra Institute for Health Research, E-31008, Pamplona, Spain.
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Fountzilas C, Javle M, Tan W, Ma Y, Fetterly G, Iyer R, Johnson C. A phase 1, open-label, dose escalation study of intravenous paricalcitol in combination with gemcitabine in patients with advanced malignancies. Cancer 2018; 124:3890-3899. [PMID: 30299542 PMCID: PMC11009835 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcitriol, the active analogue of vitamin D, is antiproliferative and enhances the cytotoxicity of several anticancer agents, including gemcitabine. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in the tumor stroma and treatment with VDR ligands results in stromal remodeling and increased intratumoral gemcitabine delivery. Furthermore, calcitriol can decrease the activity of the gemcitabine deactivating enzyme cytidine deaminase (CDD). Because hypercalcemia has been the most worrisome calcitriol-related adverse event, the less hypercalcemic agent paricalcitol may be preferred for further investigation. METHODS The authors undertook a phase 1 study of gemcitabine in combination with escalating doses of paricalcitol administered weekly intravenously in patients with advanced cancers. A standard 3+3 dose escalation schema was used. Pharmacokinetic assessment of gemcitabine and its metabolite 2',2'-difluorodeoxyuridine (dFdU) was performed. Pharmacodynamic assessment of paricalcitol was performed by measurement of CDD activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS A total of 44 patients were enrolled. Somnolence was the main dose-limiting toxicity. The highest dose of paricalcitol administered was 10.5 µg/kg. Hypercalcemia was infrequent and mild in severity. Paricalcitol did not appear to affect the pharmacokinetics of gemcitabine and dFdU. Evaluation of CDD activity was available for 9 patients; no clear trend for CDD activity after treatment with paricalcitol was established. The overall response rate was 4%; the rate of disease control was 67% in patients who were pretreated with gemcitabine. Progression-free and overall survival were 3.4 months and 6.5 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Paricalcitol can be administered safely in doses up to 7 µg/kg weekly with fixed dose rate gemcitabine without dose-limiting hypercalcemia. To the best of the authors' knowledge, the maximum tolerated dose has not been formally established to date. Preliminary clinical activity deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Fountzilas
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Milind Javle
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Yingyu Ma
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Gerald Fetterly
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Renuka Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
| | - Candace Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York
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Sun H, Jiang C, Cong L, Wu N, Wang X, Hao M, Liu T, Wang L, Liu Y, Cong X. CYP24A1 Inhibition Facilitates the Antiproliferative Effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 Through Downregulation of the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway and Methylation-Mediated Regulation of CYP24A1 in Colorectal Cancer Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2018; 37:742-749. [PMID: 30052060 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.4058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Sun
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengwei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lele Cong
- Department of Dermatology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Medical Examination Center, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Hao
- Science Research Center, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie Liu
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianling Cong
- Department of Pathology, China–Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, People's Republic of China
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Jeon SM, Shin EA. Exploring vitamin D metabolism and function in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2018; 50:1-14. [PMID: 29657326 PMCID: PMC5938036 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-018-0038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D, traditionally known as an essential nutrient, is a precursor of a potent steroid hormone that regulates a broad spectrum of physiological processes. In addition to its classical roles in bone metabolism, epidemiological, preclinical, and cellular research during the last decades, it revealed that vitamin D may play a key role in the prevention and treatment of many extra-skeletal diseases such as cancer. Vitamin D, as a prohormone, undergoes two-step metabolism in liver and kidney to produce a biologically active metabolite, calcitriol, which binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR) for the regulation of expression of diverse genes. In addition, recent studies have revealed that vitamin D can also be metabolized and activated through a CYP11A1-driven non-canonical metabolic pathway. Numerous anticancer properties of vitamin D have been proposed, with diverse effects on cancer development and progression. However, accumulating data suggest that the metabolism and functions of vitamin D are dysregulated in many types of cancer, conferring resistance to the antitumorigenic effects of vitamin D and thereby contributing to the development and progression of cancer. Thus, understanding dysregulated vitamin D metabolism and function in cancer will be critical for the development of promising new strategies for successful vitamin D-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Min Jeon
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Ae Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
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40
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Bokhari AA, Lee LR, Raboteau D, Turbov J, Rodriguez IV, Pike JW, Hamilton CA, Maxwell GL, Rodriguez GC, Syed V. Progesterone potentiates the growth inhibitory effects of calcitriol in endometrial cancer via suppression of CYP24A1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:77576-77590. [PMID: 27769055 PMCID: PMC5363606 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we evaluated the expression of CYP24A1, a protein that inactivates vitamin D in tissues. CYP24A1 expression was increased in advanced-stage endometrial tumors compared to normal tissues. Similarly, endometrial cancer cells expressed higher levels of CYP24A1 than immortalized endometrial epithelial cells. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to examine CYP24A1 mRNA and protein levels in endometrial cancer cells after 8, 24, 72, and 120 h of exposure to progesterone, progestin derivatives and calcitriol, either alone or in combination. Progestins inhibited calcitriol-induced expression of CYP24A1 and splice variant CYP24SV mRNA and protein in cancer cells. Furthermore, actinomycin D, but not cycloheximide, blocked calcitriol-induced CYP24A1 splicing. siRNA-induced knockdown of CYP24A1 expression sensitized endometrial cancer cells to calcitriol-induced growth inhibition. These data suggest that CYP24A1 overexpression reduces the antitumor effects of calcitriol in cancer cells and that progestins may be beneficial for maintaining calcitriol's anti-endometrial cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber A Bokhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Laura R Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dewayne Raboteau
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jane Turbov
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Isabel V Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - John Wesley Pike
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Chad A Hamilton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Division of Gynecologic Oncology, and Gynecologic Cancer Translational Research Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center at Water Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - George Larry Maxwell
- John P. Murtha Cancer Center at Water Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Women's Health Integrated Research Center, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Gustavo C Rodriguez
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, North Shore University Health System, University of Chicago, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Viqar Syed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,John P. Murtha Cancer Center at Water Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Chimento A, Casaburi I, Avena P, Trotta F, De Luca A, Rago V, Pezzi V, Sirianni R. Cholesterol and Its Metabolites in Tumor Growth: Therapeutic Potential of Statins in Cancer Treatment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:807. [PMID: 30719023 PMCID: PMC6348274 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is essential for cell function and viability. It is a component of the plasma membrane and lipid rafts and is a precursor for bile acids, steroid hormones, and Vitamin D. As a ligand for estrogen-related receptor alpha (ESRRA), cholesterol becomes a signaling molecule. Furthermore, cholesterol-derived oxysterols activate liver X receptors (LXRs) or estrogen receptors (ERs). Several studies performed in cancer cells reveal that cholesterol synthesis is enhanced compared to normal cells. Additionally, high serum cholesterol levels are associated with increased risk for many cancers, but thus far, clinical trials with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) have had mixed results. Statins inhibit cholesterol synthesis within cells through the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase, the rate-limiting enzyme in the mevalonate and cholesterol synthetic pathway. Many downstream products of mevalonate have a role in cell proliferation, since they are required for maintenance of membrane integrity; signaling, as some proteins to be active must undergo prenylation; protein synthesis, as isopentenyladenine is an essential substrate for the modification of certain tRNAs; and cell-cycle progression. In this review starting from recent acquired findings on the role that cholesterol and its metabolites fulfill in the contest of cancer cells, we discuss the results of studies focused to investigate the use of statins in order to prevent cancer growth and metastasis.
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Maj E, Filip-Psurska B, Milczarek M, Psurski M, Kutner A, Wietrzyk J. Vitamin D derivatives potentiate the anticancer and anti-angiogenic activity of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in combination with cytostatic drugs in an A549 non-small cell lung cancer model. Int J Oncol 2017; 52:337-366. [PMID: 29345296 PMCID: PMC5741374 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D3] and different vitamin D analogs possess antineoplastic activity, regulating proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, as well as angiogenesis. Vitamin D compounds have been shown to exert synergistic effects when used in combination with different agents used in anticancer therapies in different cancer models. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanisms of the cooperation of the vitamin D compounds [1,24(OH)2D3 (PRI-2191) and 1,25(OH)2D3] with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (imatinib and sunitinib) together with cytostatics (cisplatin and docetaxel) in an A549 non-small cell lung cancer model. The cytotoxic effects of the test compounds used in different combinations were evaluated on A549 lung cancer cells, as well as on human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMECs). The effects of such combinations on the cell cycle and cell death were also determined. In addition, changes in the expression of proteins involved in cell cycle regulation, angiogenesis and the action of vitamin D were analyzed. Moreover, the effects of 1,24(OH)2D3 on the anticancer activity of sunitinib and sunitinib in combination with docetaxel were examined in an A549 lung cancer model in vivo. Experiments aiming at evaluating the cytotoxicity of the combinations of the test agents revealed that imatinib and sunitinib together with cisplatin or docetaxel exerted potent anti-proliferative effects in vitro on A549 lung cancer cells and in HLMECs; however, 1,24(OH)2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 enhanced the cytotoxic effects only in the endothelial cells. Among the test agents, sunitinib and cisplatin decreased the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A from the A549 lung cancer cells. The decrease in the VEGF-A level following incubation with cisplatin correlated with a higher p53 protein expression, while no such correlation was observed following treatment of the A549 cells with sunitinib. Sunitinib together with docetaxel and 1,24(OH)2D3 exhibited a more potent anticancer activity in the A549 lung cancer model compared to double combinations and to treatment with the compounds alone. The observed anticancer activity may be the result of the influence of the test agents on the process of tumor angiogenesis, for example, through the downregulation of VEGF-A expression in tumor and also on the induction of cell death inside the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Maj
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Filip-Psurska
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Milczarek
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Psurski
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kutner
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
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Ge N, Chu XM, Xuan YP, Ren DQ, Wang Y, Ma K, Gao HJ, Jiao WJ. Associations between abnormal vitamin D metabolism pathway function and non-small cell lung cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:7538-7544. [PMID: 29250167 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a type of malignant tumor derived from the respiratory system, which is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide, of which ~80% of cases are attributable to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A previous study demonstrated that 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), derived from the vitamin D metabolic pathway contributes an antitumor effect. Aberrant expression of the essential enzyme encoding genes, Cytochrome P450 Family 27 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP27A1), Cytochrome P450 Family 27 Subfamily B Member 1 (CYP27B1), and Cytochrome P450 Family 24 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP24A1) may be associated with lung cancer. However, a lack of evidence exists concerning the association between CYP27A1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1 expression and NSCLC. The aim of the present study was to investigate the functions of CYP27A1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 expression in NSCLC. Lung cancer tissue and para-carcinoma control tissue were collected from patients with NSCLC. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction was applied to analyze CYP27A1, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 mRNA expression in lung cancer tissues. An association analysis was performed between the aforementioned metabolic enzymes and patients with NSCLC age, gender, tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, pathological type, differentiation and prognosis. CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 mRNA were upregulated in NSCLC compared with controls (P<0.05). However, no significant differences in CYP27A1 expression were observed between NSCLC and control. In addition, CYP24A1 expression was not associated with age, sex, smoking or TNM stage, but was associated with pathological type, differentiation and prognosis (P<0.05). CYP27B1 expression was significantly associated with TNM stage, differentiation, and prognosis, but not age, sex, smoking or pathological type. In conclusion, CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 may be considered as independent prognostic factors of NSCLC and may be novel therapeutic targets to assist clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Mei Chu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yun-Peng Xuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Dun-Qiang Ren
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Yongjie Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Jiang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Jie Jiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, P.R. China
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44
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Chen XQ, Mao JY, Li WB, Li J, Yang H, Qian JM, Li JN. Association between CYP24A1 polymorphisms and the risk of colonic polyps and colon cancer in a Chinese population. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:5179-5186. [PMID: 28811712 PMCID: PMC5537184 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i28.5179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine the pathogenesis and potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as screening sites for colonic polyps, colon cancer and ulcerative colitis, and to analyze the possible association between these genetic polymorphisms and the three diseases.
METHODS We evaluated genetic polymorphisms in 144 newly diagnosed colonic polyp patients, 96 colon cancer patients and 44 ulcerative colitis patients. The four SNPs genotyped were rs4809957, rs6068816, rs6091822 and rs8124792. The control group consisted of 504 East Asians enrolled in the 1000 Genomes Project. Correlations between CYP24A1 SNPs and the diseases were analyzed by Fisher’s exact probability test.
RESULTS CYP24A1 polymorphisms rs4809957 A/G and rs6068816 C/T showed a statistically significant association with risk of the three diseases, when both the genotypes and allele frequencies were considered. With regard to rs6091822 G/T, all three diseases were related to risk allele carriers (GT + TT) vs wild-type (GG), but the associations between the allele frequencies and the diseases were not significant. The risk of colonic polyps and colon cancer was related to the allele frequencies of rs8124792 G/A, and this association remained for genotype frequencies of this SNP.
CONCLUSION Four SNPs are related to the risk of colonic polyps and colon cancer. G allele in rs6091822 G/T may play an anti-cancer role only if it is homozygous. The A allele, which is a minor component of rs8124792, may be indicated in the diagnosis of colonic polyps or colon cancer rather than ulcerative colitis.
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Abstract
In many cells throughout the body, vitamin D is converted into its active form calcitriol and binds to the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which functions as a transcription factor to regulate various biological processes including cellular differentiation and immune response. Vitamin D-metabolising enzymes (including CYP24A1 and CYP27B1) and VDR play major roles in exerting and regulating the effects of vitamin D. Preclinical and epidemiological studies have provided evidence for anti-cancer effects of vitamin D (particularly against colorectal cancer), although clinical trials have yet to prove its benefit. In addition, molecular pathological epidemiology research can provide insights into the interaction of vitamin D with tumour molecular and immunity status. Other future research directions include genome-wide research on VDR transcriptional targets, gene-environment interaction analyses and clinical trials on vitamin D efficacy in colorectal cancer patients. In this study, we review the literature on vitamin D and colorectal cancer from both mechanistic and population studies and discuss the links and controversies within and between the two parts of evidence.
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46
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Uchida K, Tanaka Y, Ichikawa H, Watanabe M, Mitani S, Morita K, Fujii H, Ishikawa M, Yoshino G, Okinaga H, Nagae G, Aburatani H, Ikeda Y, Susa T, Tamamori-Adachi M, Fukusato T, Uozaki H, Okazaki T, Iizuka M. An Excess of CYP24A1, Lack of CaSR, and a Novel lncRNA Near the PTH Gene Characterize an Ectopic PTH-Producing Tumor. J Endocr Soc 2017; 1:691-711. [PMID: 29264523 PMCID: PMC5686629 DOI: 10.1210/js.2017-00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Thus far, only 23 cases of the ectopic production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been reported. We have characterized the genome-wide transcription profile of an ectopic PTH-producing tumor originating from a retroperitoneal histiocytoma. We found that the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) was barely expressed in the tumor. Lack of CaSR, a crucial braking apparatus in the presence of both intraparathyroid and, probably, serendipitous PTH expression, might contribute strongly to the establishment and maintenance of the ectopic transcriptional activation of the PTH gene in nonparathyroid cells. Along with candidate drivers with a crucial frameshift mutation or copy number variation at specific chromosomal areas obtained from whole exome sequencing, we identified robust tumor-specific cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1 (CYP24A1) overproduction, which was not observed in other non–PTH-expressing retroperitoneal histiocytoma and parathyroid adenoma samples. We then found a 2.5-kb noncoding RNA in the PTH 3′-downstream region that was exclusively present in the parathyroid adenoma and our tumor. Such a co-occurrence might act as another driver of ectopic PTH-producing tumorigenesis; both might release the control of PTH gene expression by shutting down the other branches of the safety system (e.g., CaSR and the vitamin D3–vitamin D receptor axis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Uchida
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan.,Department of General Practice, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan
| | - Yuji Tanaka
- Department of General Practice, National Defense Medical College, Saitama 359-0042, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ichikawa
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Masato Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Mitani
- Genetics Division, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Koji Morita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hiroko Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital, Tokyo 154-8532, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ishikawa
- Diabetes and Arteriosclerosis, Nippon Medical School, Musashikosugi Hospital, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
| | - Gen Yoshino
- Center for Diabetes, Shinsuma General Hospital, Hyogo 654-0047, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okinaga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Genta Nagae
- Genome Science Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Laboratory Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Takao Susa
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Mimi Tamamori-Adachi
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukusato
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uozaki
- Department of Pathology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Tomoki Okazaki
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Iizuka
- Department of Biochemistry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
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Zou M, Baitei EY, BinEssa HA, Al-Mohanna FA, Parhar RS, St-Arnaud R, Kimura S, Pritchard C, Alzahrani AS, Assiri AM, Meyer BF, Shi Y. Cyp24a1 Attenuation Limits Progression of BrafV600E -Induced Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells and Sensitizes Them to BRAF V600E Inhibitor PLX4720. Cancer Res 2017; 77:2161-2172. [PMID: 28242615 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
CYP24A1, the primary inactivating enzyme for vitamin D, is often overexpressed in human cancers, potentially neutralizing the antitumor effects of calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D. However, it is unclear whether CYP24A1 expression serves as a functional contributor versus only a biomarker for tumor progression. In this study, we investigated the role of CYP24A1 on malignant progression of a murine model of BrafV600E -induced papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Mice harboring wild-type Cyp24a1 (BVECyp24a1-wt) developed PTC at 5 weeks of age. Mice harboring a homozygous deletion of Cyp24a1 (BVECyp24a1-null) exhibited a 4-fold reduction in tumor growth. Notably, we found the tumorigenic potential of BVECyp24a1-null-derived tumor cells to be nearly abolished in immunocompromised nude mice. This phenotype was associated with downregulation of the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and TGFβ signaling pathways and a loss of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in BVECyp24a1-null cells, associated with downregulation of genes involved in EMT, tumor invasion, and metastasis. While calcitriol treatment did not decrease cell proliferation in BVECyp24a1-null cells, it strengthened antitumor responses to the BRAFV600E inhibitor PLX4720 in both BVECyp24a1-null and BVECyp24a1-wt cells. Our findings offer direct evidence that Cyp24a1 functions as an oncogene in PTC, where its overexpression activates multiple signaling cascades to promote malignant progression and resistance to PLX4720 treatment. Cancer Res; 77(8); 2161-72. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing Zou
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa Y Baitei
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A BinEssa
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Futwan A Al-Mohanna
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ranjit S Parhar
- Department of Cell Biology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - René St-Arnaud
- Department of Surgery and Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; and Research Centre, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shioko Kimura
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Catrin Pritchard
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester, UK
| | - Ali S Alzahrani
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah M Assiri
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brian F Meyer
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yufei Shi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Rieder FJJ, Gröschel C, Kastner MT, Kosulin K, Laengle J, Zadnikar R, Marculescu R, Schneider M, Lion T, Bergmann M, Kallay E, Steininger C. Human cytomegalovirus infection downregulates vitamin-D receptor in mammalian cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 165:356-362. [PMID: 27520300 PMCID: PMC5705058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D (VD) is essential for the human body and involved in a wide variety of critical physiological processes including bone, muscle, and cardiovascular health, as well as innate immunity and antimicrobial responses. Here, we elucidated the significance of the VD system in cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, which is one of the most common opportunistic infections in immunocompromised or -suppressed patients. We found that expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR) was downregulated in CMV-infected cells within 12h [hrs] post infection [p.i.] to 12% relative to VDR expression in mock-infected fibroblasts and did not recover during the CMV replication cycle of 96h. None of the biologically active metabolites of VD, cholecalciferol, calcidiol, or calcitriol, inhibit CMV replication significantly in human fibroblasts. In a feedback loop, expression of CYP24A1 dropped to 3% by 12h p.i. and expression of CYP27B1 increased gradually during the replication cycle of CMV to 970% probably as a consequence of VDR inhibition. VDR expression was not downregulated during influenza virus or adenovirus replication. The potent synthetic vitamin D analog EB-1089 was not able to inhibit CMV replication or antagonize its effect on VDR expression. Only CMV replication, and none of the other viral pathogens evaluated, inhibited the vitamin D system in vitro. In view of the pleiotropism of VDR, CMV-mediated downregulation may have far-reaching virological, immunological, and clinical implications and thus warrant further evaluations in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz J J Rieder
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Charlotte Gröschel
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Theres Kastner
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Kosulin
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Laengle
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rene Zadnikar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodrig Marculescu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Schneider
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Lion
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, Vienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Bergmann
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Enikö Kallay
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Steininger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Zhalehjoo N, Shakiba Y, Panjehpour M. Gene expression profiles of CYP24A1 and CYP27B1 in malignant and normal breast tissues. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:467-473. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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50
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Aggarwal A, Kállay E. Cross Talk between the Calcium-Sensing Receptor and the Vitamin D System in Prevention of Cancer. Front Physiol 2016; 7:451. [PMID: 27803671 PMCID: PMC5067519 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
There is epidemiological evidence for the cancer preventive effect of dietary calcium (Ca2+) and vitamin D. This effect is strongest in colorectal cancer (CRC). The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), bound to its receptor, the vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulates the expression of hundreds of different genes in a cell- and tissue-specific manner. While Ca2+ acts through multiple mechanisms and pathways, some of its effects are mediated by the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). The joint action of Ca2+ and 1,25D3 is due to the fact that both regulate some of the main processes involved in the development of various cancers, such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and inflammation. Moreover, 1,25D3, bound to VDR can induce translation of the CaSR, while the amount and activity of the CaSR affects 1,25D3 signaling. However, the complexity of the cross-talk between the CaSR and the vitamin D system goes beyond regulating similar pathways and affecting each other's expression. Our aim was to review some of the mechanisms that drive the cross-talk between the vitamin D system and the CaSR with a special focus on the interaction in CRC cells. We evaluated the molecular evidence that supports the epidemiological observation that both vitamin D and calcium are needed for protection against malignant transformation of the colon and that their effect is modulated by the presence of a functional CaSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Aggarwal
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of ViennaVienna, Austria; Department of Pediatrics/Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Stanford UniversityStanford, CA, USA
| | - Enikö Kállay
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna Vienna, Austria
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