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Xiao X, Wang W, Guo C, Wu J, Zhang S, Shi H, Kwon S, Chen J, Dong Z. Hypermethylation leads to the loss of HOXA5, resulting in JAG1 expression and NOTCH signaling contributing to kidney fibrosis. Kidney Int 2024; 106:98-114. [PMID: 38521405 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulations, including DNA methylation, are critical to the development and progression of kidney fibrosis, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we show that fibrosis of the mouse kidney was associated with the induction of DNA methyltransferases and increases in global DNA methylation and was alleviated by the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza). Genome-wide analysis demonstrated the hypermethylation of 94 genes in mouse unilateral ureteral obstruction kidneys, which was markedly reduced by 5-Aza. Among these genes, Hoxa5 was hypermethylated at its gene promoter, and this hypermethylation was associated with reduced HOXA5 expression in fibrotic mouse kidneys after ureteral obstruction or unilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury. 5-Aza prevented Hoxa5 hypermethylation, restored HOXA5 expression, and suppressed kidney fibrosis. Downregulation of HOXA5 was verified in human kidney biopsies from patients with chronic kidney disease and correlated with the increased kidney fibrosis and DNA methylation. Kidney fibrosis was aggravated by conditional knockout of Hoxa5 and alleviated by conditional knockin of Hoxa5 in kidney proximal tubules of mice. Mechanistically, we found that HOXA5 repressed Jag1 transcription by directly binding to its gene promoter, resulting in the suppression of JAG1-NOTCH signaling during kidney fibrosis. Thus, our results indicate that loss of HOXA5 via DNA methylation contributes to fibrogenesis in kidney diseases by inducing JAG1 and consequent activation of the NOTCH signaling pathway.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Jagged-1 Protein/genetics
- Jagged-1 Protein/metabolism
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism
- Fibrosis
- DNA Methylation
- Signal Transduction
- Humans
- Mice
- Male
- Ureteral Obstruction/complications
- Ureteral Obstruction/pathology
- Ureteral Obstruction/genetics
- Ureteral Obstruction/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/metabolism
- Receptors, Notch/genetics
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Kidney/pathology
- Kidney/metabolism
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Disease Models, Animal
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/pathology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/genetics
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Epigenesis, Genetic
- Kidney Diseases/pathology
- Kidney Diseases/genetics
- Kidney Diseases/metabolism
- Kidney Diseases/etiology
- Transcription Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Chunyuan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, and Institute of Psoriasis, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jiazhu Wu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Musculoskeletal Tumor, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huidong Shi
- Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sangho Kwon
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jiankang Chen
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Zheng Dong
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University and Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia, USA.
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2
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Qian L, Xu Z, Chen Y, Gao Z, Luo T, Wu L, Zheng Y, Chen L, Yuan D, Ren S, Zhu Y. Drug pair of Cornus officinalis and Radix achyranthis bidentatae improves renal injury of hypertension by regulating metabolic reprogramming mediated by eNOS. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33369. [PMID: 39022064 PMCID: PMC11253524 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the effects and possible mechanisms of the drug pair Cornus officinalis and Radix achyranthis bidentatae (SYR-NX) on improving hypertensive kidney damage. Method SYR-NX, a formulation of Cornus officinalis and Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae with a dose ratio 1:2.5, was used in this experiment. We investigated the effects of SYR-NX on spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) fed with a high-salt diet and Human Kidney-2 (HK2) cells exposed to hypoxia. After 8 weeks of treatment with SYR-NX, blood pressure was tested, and β 2-Microglobulin(β2-MG), blood creatinine (S-cr), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), M2 pyruvate kinase (PKM2), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), pyruvate, lactate, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)were measured. HK2 cells pre-treated with SYR-NX were cultured in a three-gas hypoxic incubator chamber (5 % CO2, 1 % O2, 94 % N2) for 12 h, and then eNOS, PKM2, NADPH, ATP, pyruvate, lactate, CTGF and TNF-α were assessed. Results SYR-NX significantly reduced SBP, DBP, β2-MG, S-cr, PKM2, pyruvate, lactate, CTGF and TNF-α, and increased eNOS, NADPH, and ATP. Conclusion SYR-NX can regulate metabolic reprogramming through eNOS and improves hypertensive kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Qian
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210022, China
| | - Zhongchi Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211816, China
| | - Yanran Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Zhao Gao
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210022, China
| | - Tianjiong Luo
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210022, China
| | - Lihua Wu
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yawei Zheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Li Chen
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing, University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210022, China
| | - Dongping Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210046, China
| | - Shuai Ren
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210029, China
| | - Yinxing Zhu
- Taizhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, China
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3
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Li J, Yan X, Wu Z, Shen J, Li Y, Zhao Y, Du F, Li M, Wu X, Chen Y, Xiao Z, Wang S. Role of miRNAs in macrophage-mediated kidney injury. Pediatr Nephrol 2024:10.1007/s00467-024-06414-5. [PMID: 38801452 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-024-06414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages, crucial components of the human immune system, can be polarized into M1/M2 phenotypes, each with distinct functions and roles. Macrophage polarization has been reported to be significantly involved in the inflammation and fibrosis observed in kidney injury. MicroRNA (miRNA), a type of short RNA lacking protein-coding function, can inhibit specific mRNA by partially binding to its target mRNA. The intricate association between miRNAs and macrophages has been attracting increasing interest in recent years. This review discusses the role of miRNAs in regulating macrophage-mediated kidney injury. It shows how miRNAs can influence macrophage polarization, thereby altering the biological function of macrophages in the kidney. Furthermore, this review highlights the significance of miRNAs derived from exosomes and extracellular vesicles as a crucial mediator in the crosstalk between macrophages and kidney cells. The potential of miRNAs as treatment applications and biomarkers for macrophage-mediated kidney injury is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xida Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Zhigui Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yalin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Laboratory of Personalised Cell Therapy and Cell Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Shurong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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4
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Sun K, Yu M, Wang J, Zhao H, Liu H, Feng H, Liu Y, Han D. A Wnt10a-Notch signaling axis controls Hertwig's epithelial root sheath cell behaviors during root furcation patterning. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:25. [PMID: 38480698 PMCID: PMC10937922 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Human with bi-allelic WNT10A mutations and epithelial Wnt10a knockout mice present enlarged pulp chamber and apical displacement of the root furcation of multi-rooted teeth, known as taurodontism; thus, indicating the critical role of Wnt10a in tooth root morphogenesis. However, the endogenous mechanism by which epithelial Wnt10a regulates Hertwig's epithelial root sheath (HERS) cellular behaviors and contributes to root furcation patterning remains unclear. In this study, we found that HERS in the presumptive root furcating region failed to elongate at an appropriate horizontal level in K14-Cre;Wnt10afl/fl mice from post-natal day 0.5 (PN0.5) to PN4.5. EdU assays and immunofluorescent staining of cyclin D1 revealed significantly decreased proliferation activity of inner enamel epithelial (IEE) cells of HERS in K14-Cre;Wnt10afl/fl mice at PN2.5 and PN3.5. Immunofluorescent staining of E-Cadherin and acetyl-α-Tubulin demonstrated that the IEE cells of HERS tended to divide perpendicularly to the horizontal plane, which impaired the horizontal extension of HERS in the presumptive root furcating region of K14-Cre;Wnt10afl/fl mice. RNA-seq and immunofluorescence showed that the expressions of Jag1 and Notch2 were downregulated in IEE cells of HERS in K14-Cre;Wnt10afl/fl mice. Furthermore, after activation of Notch signaling in K14-Cre;Wnt10afl/fl molars by Notch2 adenovirus and kidney capsule grafts, the root furcation defect was partially rescued. Taken together, our study demonstrates that an epithelial Wnt10a-Notch signaling axis is crucial for modulating HERS cell proper proliferation and horizontal-oriented division during tooth root furcation morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Haochen Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Hailan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
| | - Dong Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices, Beijing, China.
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5
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Wei J, Chen Y, Feng T, Wei Y, Yang C, Zhang C, Li W, Liu G. miR-34c-5p inhibited fibroblast proliferation, differentiation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in benign airway stenosis via MDMX/p53 pathway. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:37. [PMID: 38374244 PMCID: PMC10876495 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Benign airway stenosis (BAS) means airway stenosis or obstruction that results from a variety of non-malignant factors, including tuberculosis, trauma, benign tumors, etc. In consideration of the currently limited research on microRNAs in BAS, this study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of miR-34c-5p in BAS. The expression of miR-34c-5p in BAS granulation tissues showed a significant down-regulation compared with the normal control group. Moreover, miR-34c-5p mimics suppressed the proliferation and differentiation of human bronchial fibroblasts (HBFs) and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE). Conversely, miR-34c-5p inhibitors aggravated those effects. A dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-34c-5p can target MDMX rather than Notch1. The over-expression of MDMX can reverse the inhibiting effect of miR-34c-5p on HBFs proliferation, differentiation and EMT. Furthermore, the expressions of tumor protein (p53) and PTEN were down-regulated following the over-expression of MDMX. In addition, the expressions of PI3K and AKT showed an up-regulation. In conclusion, miR-34c-5p was down-regulated in BAS and may inhibit fibroblast proliferation differentiation and EMT in BAS via the MDMX/p53 signaling axis. These findings expand the understanding of the role of miR-34c-5p and will help develop new treatment strategies for BAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Tingmei Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yuihui Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Caizhen Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Changwen Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guangnan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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6
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Wang L, Li W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Chen G, Zhou X, Xv D, Wu Q. Resveratrol prevents age-related heart impairment through inhibiting the Notch/NF-κB pathway. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:1035-1045. [PMID: 38370061 PMCID: PMC10867470 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenol compound found in various plants that has been shown to have potential benefits for preventing aging and supporting cardiovascular health. However, the specific signal pathway by which RSV protects the aging heart is not yet well understood. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of RSV against age-related heart injury and investigate the underlying mechanisms using a D-galactose-induced aging model. The results of the study indicated that RSV provided protection against age-related heart impairment in mice. This was evidenced by the reduction of cardiac histopathological changes as well as the attenuation of apoptosis. RSV-induced cardioprotection was linked to a significant increase in antioxidant activity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential, as well as a reduction in oxidative damage. Additionally, RSV inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (NF-κB p65), and notch 1 protein were inhibited by RSV, indicating that inhibiting the Notch/NF-κB pathway played a critical role in RSV-triggered heart protection in aging mice. Moreover, further data on intestinal function demonstrated that RSV significantly increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in intestinal contents and reduced the pH value in the feces of aging mice. RSV alleviated aging-induced cardiac dysfunction through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation via the Notch/NF-κB pathway in heart tissue. Furthermore, this therapeutic effect was found to be associated with its protective roles in the intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le‐Feng Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineDepartment of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
- Department of OphthalmologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Wen‐Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xian‐Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Yi‐Chi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Guang‐Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Xing‐Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Dong‐Mei Xv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and TechnologyNanchang UniversityNanchangChina
| | - Qiong Wu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Laboratory MedicineDepartment of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchangChina
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7
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Jin L, Yu B, Wang H, Shi L, Yang J, Wu L, Gao C, Pan H, Han F, Lin W, Lai EY, Wang YF, Yang Y. STING promotes ferroptosis through NCOA4-dependent ferritinophagy in acute kidney injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 208:348-360. [PMID: 37634745 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis in tubules has been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI), whereas the regulatory mechanism remains unclear. The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is previously recognized as a critical mediator of innate immunity via a DNA-sensing pathway and has been increasingly linked to lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of ferroptosis. Herein we investigated the role and the underlying mechanism of STING in AKI models established by ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in C57BL mice. The expression level of STING was predominantly increased in tubules of kidney after IR treatment. Besides, STING deficiency markedly alleviated IR-induced lipid peroxidation, tissue damage and renal dysfunction. Consistently, in vitro experiments demonstrated that the increase in ferroptotic cell death, lipid ROS production and the decrease in GSH peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression in renal tubular cells subjected to ferroptosis agonist or hypoxia/reoxygenation intervention were all mitigated by genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of STING, while all exacerbated by STING overexpression. Further, these detrimental effects of STING overexpression relied on the induction of ferritinophagy, i.e. autophagic degradation of ferritin, leading to iron overload. Mechanistically, STING mediated the initiation of ferritinophagy through interacting with nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4), a fundamental receptor for the transfer of ferritin into lysosome. Collectively, STING contributes to ferroptosis during ischemic AKI through facilitating NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and shows the potential as a promising therapeutic choice for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lini Jin
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Binfeng Yu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongju Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingling Shi
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjuan Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longlong Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Cui Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fei Han
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiqiang Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
| | - En Yin Lai
- Kidney Disease Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Institute of Nephrology, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China; Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Zhejiang Province, China; Zhejiang Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urinary System Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Yong-Fei Wang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China; International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
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8
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Rey-Serra C, Tituaña J, Lin T, Herrero JI, Miguel V, Barbas C, Meseguer A, Ramos R, Chaix A, Panda S, Lamas S. Reciprocal regulation between the molecular clock and kidney injury. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201886. [PMID: 37487638 PMCID: PMC10366531 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the common pathological substrate for many etiologies leading to chronic kidney disease. Although perturbations in the circadian rhythm have been associated with renal disease, the role of the molecular clock in the pathogenesis of fibrosis remains incompletely understood. We investigated the relationship between the molecular clock and renal damage in experimental models of injury and fibrosis (unilateral ureteral obstruction, folic acid, and adenine nephrotoxicity), using genetically modified mice with selective deficiencies of the clock components Bmal1, Clock, and Cry We found that the molecular clock pathway was enriched in damaged tubular epithelial cells with marked metabolic alterations. In human tubular epithelial cells, TGFβ significantly altered the expression of clock components. Although Clock played a role in the macrophage-mediated inflammatory response, the combined absence of Cry1 and Cry2 was critical for the recruitment of neutrophils, correlating with a worsening of fibrosis and with a major shift in the expression of metabolism-related genes. These results support that renal damage disrupts the kidney peripheral molecular clock, which in turn promotes metabolic derangement linked to inflammatory and fibrotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rey-Serra
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jessica Tituaña
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Terry Lin
- Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - J Ignacio Herrero
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Coral Barbas
- Centre for Metabolomics and Bioanalysis (CEMBIO), Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Meseguer
- Renal Physiopathology Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR)-CIBBIM Nanomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ricardo Ramos
- Genomic Facility, Fundación Parque Científico de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amandine Chaix
- Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Satchidananda Panda
- Regulatory Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
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9
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Srivastava A, Tomar B, Sharma D, Rath SK. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress: Role in chronic kidney disease. Life Sci 2023; 319:121432. [PMID: 36706833 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a variety of distinct disease processes that permanently change the function and structure of the kidney across months or years. CKD is characterized as a glomerular filtration defect or proteinuria that lasts longer than three months. In most instances, CKD leads to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), necessitating kidney transplantation. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a typical response to damage in CKD patients. Despite the abundance of mitochondria in the kidneys, variations in mitochondrial morphological and functional characteristics have been associated with kidney inflammatory responses and injury during CKD. Despite these variations, CKD is frequently used to define some classic signs of mitochondrial dysfunction, including altered mitochondrial shape and remodeling, increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and a marked decline in mitochondrial biogenesis and ATP generation. With a focus on the most significant developments and novel understandings of the involvement of mitochondrial remodeling in the course of CKD, this article offers a summary of the most recent advances in the sources of procured mitochondrial dysfunction in the advancement of CKD. Understanding mitochondrial biology and function is crucial for developing viable treatment options for CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Srivastava
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Bhawna Tomar
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Divyansh Sharma
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Srikanta Kumar Rath
- Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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10
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Zhang Y, Huang H, Kong Y, Xu C, Dai L, Geng X, Deng Y, Wang Y, Liu Y, Meng C, Zhang X, Li J, Qin J, Feng B, Mak KK, Wang L, Huang Y, Wang W, Lan HY, Yang B, Lu HAJ, Xia Y. Kidney tubular transcription co-activator, Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP), controls the expression of collecting duct aquaporins and water homeostasis. Kidney Int 2023; 103:501-513. [PMID: 36328098 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Final urine volume and concentration are defined by water reabsorption through the water channel proteins aquaporin (AQP)-2, -3 and -4 in the collecting duct. However, the transcriptional regulation of these AQPs is not well understood. The Hippo/Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway plays an important role in organ size control and tissue homeostasis. When the Hippo pathway including the Mst1/Mst2 kinases is inhibited, YAP is activated and functions as a transcription co-activator. Our previous work revealed a pathological role of tubular YAP activation in chronic kidney disease, but the physiological role of YAP in the kidney remains to be established. Here, we found that tubule-specific Yap knockout mice showed increased urine output and decreased urinary osmolality. Decreases in Aqp2, -3 and -4 mRNA and protein abundance in the kidney were evident in Yap knockout mice. Analysis of Mst1/Mst2 double knockout and Mst1/Mst2/Yap triple knockout mice showed that expression of Aqp2 and Aqp4 but not Aqp3 was dependent on YAP. Furthermore, YAP was recruited to the promoters of the Aqp2 and Aqp4 genes and stimulated their transcription. Interestingly, YAP was found to interact with transcription factors GATA2, GATA3 and NFATc1. These three factors promoted Aqp2 transcription in a YAP dependent manner in collecting duct cells. These three factors also promoted Aqp4 transcription whereas only GATA2 and GATA3 enhanced Aqp3 transcription. Thus, our results suggest that YAP promotes Aqp2 and Aqp4 transcription, interacts with GATA2, GATA3 and NFATc1 to control Aqp2 expression, while Aqp-2, -3 and -4 exploit overlapping mechanisms for their baseline transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huihui Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yonglun Kong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chunhua Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liujiang Dai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Geng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yang Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Nephrology, Center of Nephrology and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenling Meng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Nephrology and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinzhong Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study of Ministry of Education, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kingston Kinglun Mak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immune and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua A Jenny Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immune and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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11
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Chen JY, Yiu WH, Tang PMK, Tang SCW. New insights into fibrotic signaling in renal cell carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1056964. [PMID: 36910160 PMCID: PMC9996540 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1056964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic signaling plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of solid cancers including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Intratumoral fibrosis (ITF) and pseudo-capsule (PC) fibrosis are significantly correlated to the disease progression of renal cell carcinoma. Targeting classic fibrotic signaling processes such as TGF-β signaling and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) shows promising antitumor effects both preclinically and clinically. Therefore, a better understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of fibrotic signaling in renal cell carcinoma at molecular resolution can facilitate the development of precision therapies against solid cancers. In this review, we systematically summarized the latest updates on fibrotic signaling, from clinical correlation and molecular mechanisms to its therapeutic strategies for renal cell carcinoma. Importantly, we examined the reported fibrotic signaling on the human renal cell carcinoma dataset at the transcriptome level with single-cell resolution to assess its translational potential in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Yi Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wai-Han Yiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sydney Chi-Wai Tang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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12
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Li K, Zheng J, Liu H, Gao Q, Yang M, Tang J, Wang H, Li S, Sun Y, Chang X. Whole-transcriptome sequencing revealed differentially expressed mRNAs and non-coding RNAs played crucial roles in NiONPs-induced liver fibrosis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114308. [PMID: 36410144 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) induced liver fibrosis, while its mechanisms associated with transcriptome remained unclear. This study aimed to investigate the roles of differentially expressed (DE) messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in NiONPs-induced liver fibrosis, and further confirm whether JNK/c-Jun pathway enriched by the DE RNAs was involved in the regulation of the disease. A liver fibrosis rat model was established by intratracheal perfusion of NiONPs twice a week for 9 weeks. Whole-transcriptome sequencing was applied to obtain expression profiles of mRNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the model rat and control liver tissues. Comparing the RNA expression profiles of the model and control liver tissues, we identified 324 DE mRNAs, 129 DE lncRNAs, 24 DE miRNAs and 33 DE circRNAs, and the potential interactions among them were revealed by constructing two co-expression networks, including lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA networks. Using RT-qPCR, we verified the sequencing results of some RNAs in the networks and obtained similar expression profiles, indicating our sequencing results were reliable and referable. Through Gene Ontology (GO) annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, we predicted the biological functions and signaling pathways potentially related to NiONPs-induced liver fibrosis, such as "positive regulation of JNK cascade", "inflammatory response", "transcription factor binding", and MAPK, Wnt, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. JNK/c-Jun pathway, a subclass of MAPK signal, was selected for further investigation because it was significantly enriched by fibrosis-related DE genes and activated in animal models. In vitro, we detected the cytotoxicity of NiONPs on LX-2 cells and treated the cells with 5 μg/ml NiONPs for 12 h. The results showed NiONPs induced the up-regulated protein expression of fibrotic factors collagen-1a1 (Col-1a1) and matrix metalloproteinas2 (MMP2) and JNK/c-Jun pathway activation. While these effects were reversed after JNK/c-Jun pathway was blocked by SP600125 (JNK pathway inhibitor), indicating the pathway was involved in NiONPs-induced excessive collagen formation. In conclusion, our results revealed the DE mRNAs and ncRNAs played crucial roles in NiONPs-induced liver fibrosis, and JNK/c-Jun pathway mediated the development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinfa Zheng
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiarong Tang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Department of Public Health, The First People's Hospital of Lanzhou City, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yingbiao Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Xuhong Chang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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13
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Achom A, Das R, Pakray P. An improved Fuzzy based GWO algorithm for predicting the potential host receptor of COVID-19 infection. Comput Biol Med 2022; 151:106050. [PMID: 36334362 PMCID: PMC9404081 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.106050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has infected millions worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein uses Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2) for entering and fusing the host cell membrane. However, interaction with spike protein receptors and protease processing are not the only factors determining coronaviruses' entry. Several proteases mediate the entry of SARS-CoV-2 virus into the host cell. Identifying receptor factors helps understand tropism, transmission, and pathogenesis of COVID-19 infection in humans. The paper aims to identify novel viral receptor or membrane proteins that are transcriptionally and biologically similar to ACE2 and TMPRSS2 through a fuzzy clustering technique that employs the Grey wolf optimizer (GWO) algorithm for finding the optimal cluster center. The exploratory and exploitation capability of GWO algorithm is improved by hybridizing mutation and crossover operators of the evolutionary algorithm. Also, the genetic diversity of the grey wolf population is enhanced by eliminating weak individuals from the population. The proposed clustering algorithm's effectiveness is shown by detecting novel viral receptors and membrane proteins associated with the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The expression profiles of ACE2 protein and its co-receptor factor are analyzed and compared with single-cell transcriptomics profiling using the Seurat R toolkit, mass spectrometry (MS), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our advanced clustering method infers that cell that expresses high ACE2 level are more affected by SARS-CoV-infection. So, SARS-CoV-2 virus affects lung, intestine, testis, heart, kidney, and liver more severely than brain, bone marrow, skin, spleen, etc. We have identified 58 novel viral receptors and 816 membrane proteins, and their role in the pathogenicity mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been studied. Besides, our study confirmed that Neuropilins (NRP1), G protein-coupled receptor 78 (GPR78), C-type lectin domain family 4 member M (CLEC4M), Kringle containing transmembrane protein 1 (KREMEN1), Asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGR1), A Disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17), Furin, Neuregulin-1,(NRG1), Basigin or CD147 and Poliovirus receptor (PVR) are the potential co-receptors of SARS-CoV-2 virus. A significant finding is that heparin derivative glycosaminoglycans could block the replication of SARS-CoV-2 virus inside the host cytoplasm. The membrane protein N-Deacetylase/N-Sulfotransferase-2 (NDST2), Extostosin protein (EXT1, EXT2, and EXT3), Glucuronic acid epimerase (GLCE), and Xylosyltransferase I, II (XYLT1, XYLT2) could act as the therapeutic target for inhibiting the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Drugs such as carboplatin and gemcitabine are effective in such situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amika Achom
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Mizoram, Aizwal, 796001, Mizoram, India.
| | - Ranjita Das
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Mizoram, Aizwal, 796001, Mizoram, India.
| | - Partha Pakray
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Silchar, Silchar, 788003, Assam, India.
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14
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Zhang R, Zeng J, Deng Z, Yin G, Wang L, Tan J. PGC1 α plays a pivotal role in renal fibrosis via regulation of fatty acid metabolism in renal tissue. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:786-793. [PMID: 35837779 PMCID: PMC10930027 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.200953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common and irreversible pathological feature of end-stage renal disease caused by multiple etiologies. The role of inflammation in renal fibrosis tissue has been generally accepted. The latest view is that fatty acid metabolism disorder contributes to renal fibrosis. peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1α (PGC1α) plays a key role in fatty acid metabolism, regulating fatty acid uptake and oxidized protein synthesis, preventing the accumulation of lipid in the cytoplasm, and maintaining a dynamic balanced state of intracellular lipid. In multiple animal models of renal fibrosis caused by acute or chronic kidney disease, or even age-related kidney disease, almost all of the kidney specimens show the down-regulation of PGC1α. Upregulation of PGC1α can reduce the degree of renal fibrosis in animal models, and PGC1α knockout animals exhibit severe renal fibrosis. Studies have demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), MAPK, Notch, tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), non-coding RNA (ncRNAs), liver kinase B1 (LKB1), hairy and enhancer of split 1 (Hes1), and other pathways regulate the expression of PGC1α and affect fatty acid metabolism. But some of these pathways interact with each other, and the effect of the integrated pathway on renal fibrosis is not clear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
| | - Jia Zeng
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhijun Deng
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Guangming Yin
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Jing Tan
- Department of Urology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
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15
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Liu C, Wu M, Qu J, Huang X, Zeng Q, Ha M. JNK and Jag1/Notch2 co-regulate CXCL16 to facilitate cypermethrin-induced kidney damage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113582. [PMID: 35512476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cypermethrin (CYP), a widely-used composite pyrethroid pesticide, has underlying nephrotoxic effects. To elucidate potential roles of the MAPK pathway, the Jag/Notch pathway, and miRNAs in CYP-mediated kidney lesion, Sprague-Dawley rats and glomerular mesangial cells were used in this work. Results displayed that β-CYP abnormally altered renal histomorphology and ultrastructures, induced renal DNA damage, and impaired renal functions, as evidenced by the increase in plasma levels of Cys-C and β2-Mg. β-CYP activated the JNK/c-Jun pathway by inducing ROS and oxidative stress. Meanwhile, β-CYP changed the miRNA expression profile, miR-21-5p showing the most significant increase. Moreover, the Jag1/Notch2/Hes1 pathway was directly targeted by miR-21-5p, the mRNA and protein expression of Jag1, Notch2, and Hes1 being declined in vivo and in vitro. The chemokine CXCL16 was induced by β-CYP, accompanied by the inflammatory factor production and inflammatory cell infiltration in kidneys. The specific JNK inhibitor, Jag1 overexpression, Hes1 overexpression, bidirectional Co-IP, ChIP, and CXCL16 silencing demonstrated that CXCL16 co-regulated by the JNK/c-Jun and Jag1/Notch2/Hes1 pathways elicited renal inflammation. Collectively, our findings indicate that β-CYP is of nephrotoxicity and it not only directly changes renal histomorphology and ultrastructures, but induces CXCL16 to trigger renal inflammation via the JNK/c-Jun and Jag1/Notch2/Hes1 pathways, finally synergistically contributing to kidney damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400020, PR China; Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Jiayuan Qu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400020, PR China
| | - Xu Huang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health, Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400020, PR China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China.
| | - Mei Ha
- Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 400030, PR China.
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16
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Zhang Q, Xie L, Jiang L, Ni J, Han W, Mi X, Wang P. Icariin attenuates renal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting the Notch2/Hes-1 pathway. Growth Factors 2022; 40:26-36. [PMID: 35426327 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2060094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Chinese herbs were widely proposed as a novel approach for renal fibrosis. Icariin has been reported to be involved in a variety of diseases. Unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) is a popular experimental model of renal injury, which is often used in the study of renal fibrosis. A UUO mouse model was successfully constructed, and tubular injury and renal fibrosis were observed. Icariin treatment attenuated tubular injury and renal fibrosis in UUO mice. In addition, treatment with Icariin reduced the fibronectin, type I collagen and α-SMA levels in UUO mice. Furthermore, in a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced renal fibrosis cell model, icariin treatment also decreased fibronectin, type I collagen and α-SMA expression. Icariin treatment also reversed the enhanced migration of TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. These data indicated that icariin suppressed renal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, icariin treatment suppressed the Notch2/Hes-1 pathway in UUO mice and TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. In summary, this study found that icariin reduced renal fibrosis in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting the Notch2/Hes-1 pathway, which might help to improve therapies for renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqi Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Pain Management, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqing Ni
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenke Han
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuhua Mi
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China
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17
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Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1 regulates development of diabetic kidney disease via modulation of fatty acid metabolism. Kidney Int 2022; 102:536-545. [PMID: 35597365 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of fatty acid utilization is increasingly recognized as a significant component of diabetic kidney disease. Rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase (ROCK) is activated in the diabetic kidney, and studies over the past decade have illuminated ROCK signaling as an essential pathway in diabetic kidney disease. Here, we confirmed the distinct role of ROCK1, an isoform of ROCK, in fatty acid metabolism using glomerular mesangial cells and ROCK1 knockout mice. Mesangial cells with ROCK1 deletion were protected from mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance driven by transforming growth factor β, a cytokine upregulated in diabetic glomeruli. We found that high-fat diet-induced obese ROCK1 knockout mice exhibited reduced albuminuria and histological abnormalities along with the recovery of impaired fatty acid utilization and mitochondrial fragmentation. Mechanistically, we found that ROCK1 regulates the induction of critical mediators in fatty acid metabolism, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, and widespread program-associated cellular metabolism. Thus, our findings highlight ROCK1 as an important regulator of energy homeostasis in mesangial cells in the overall pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease.
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zheng G, Liu Y, Li J, Huang H, Xu C, Zeng Y, Zhang X, Qin J, Dai C, Hambrock HO, Hartmann U, Feng B, Mak KK, Liu Y, Lan HY, Huang Y, Zheng ZH, Xia Y. Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) interacts with Wnt ligands and Frizzled receptors to enhance Wnt/β-catenin signaling in obstructed kidneys in vivo. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102010. [PMID: 35525270 PMCID: PMC9234244 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Follistatin (FS)-like 1 (FSTL1) is a member of the FS-SPARC (secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine) family of secreted and extracellular matrix proteins. The functions of FSTL1 have been studied in heart and lung injury as well as in wound healing; however, the role of FSTL1 in the kidney is largely unknown. Here, we show using single-cell RNA-Seq that Fstl1 was enriched in stromal cells in obstructed mouse kidneys. In addition, immunofluorescence demonstrated that FSTL1 expression was induced in fibroblasts during kidney fibrogenesis in mice and human patients. We demonstrate that FSTL1 overexpression increased renal fibrosis and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, known to promote kidney fibrosis, but not the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), Notch, Hedgehog, or Yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathways in obstructed mouse kidneys, whereas inhibition of FSTL1 lowered Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Importantly, we show that FSTL1 interacted with Wnt ligands and the Frizzled (FZD) receptors but not the coreceptor lipoprotein receptor–related protein 6 (LRP6). Specifically, we found FSTL1 interacted with Wnt3a through its extracellular calcium–binding (EC) domain and von Willebrand factor type C–like (VWC) domain, and with FZD4 through its EC domain. Furthermore, we show that FSTL1 increased the association of Wnt3a with FZD4 and promoted Wnt/β-catenin signaling and fibrogenesis. The EC domain interacting with both Wnt3a and FZD4 also enhanced Wnt3a signaling. Therefore, we conclude that FSTL1 is a novel extracellular enhancer of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yang Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guoxun Zheng
- iHuman Institute, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Nephrology and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Nephrology and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huihui Huang
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Chunhua Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yelin Zeng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jinzhong Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study of Ministry of Education, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunsun Dai
- Center for Kidney Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Harald O Hambrock
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Ursula Hartmann
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bo Feng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kingston Kinglun Mak
- Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory (GRMH-GDL), Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hui-Yao Lan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immune and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Zhi-Hua Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Nephrology and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Yin Xia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for Immune and Genetic Kidney Disease, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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19
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Hu M, Ma Q, Liu B, Wang Q, Zhang T, Huang T, Lv Z. Long Non-Coding RNAs in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:845371. [PMID: 35517509 PMCID: PMC9065414 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.845371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the major microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, with relatively high morbidity and mortality globally but still in short therapeutic options. Over the decades, a large body of data has demonstrated that oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and hemodynamic disorders might exert critical influence in the initiation and development of DKD, whereas the delicate pathogenesis of DKD remains profoundly elusive. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), extensively studied in the field of cancer, are attracting increasing attentions on the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications including DKD, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we chiefly focused on abnormal expression and function of lncRNAs in major resident cells (mesangial cell, endothelial cell, podocyte, and tubular epithelial cell) in the kidney, summarized the critical roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of DKD, and elaborated their potential therapeutic significance, in order to advance our knowledge in this field, which might help in future research and clinical treatment for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsi Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiqi Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qianhui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Tongtong Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhimei Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhimei Lv,
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Chen YY, Chen XG, Zhang S. Druggability of lipid metabolism modulation against renal fibrosis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:505-519. [PMID: 33990764 PMCID: PMC8888625 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis contributes to progressive damage to renal structure and function. It is a common pathological process as chronic kidney disease develops into kidney failure, irrespective of diverse etiologies, and eventually leads to death. However, there are no effective drugs for renal fibrosis treatment at present. Lipid aggregation in the kidney and consequent lipotoxicity always accompany chronic kidney disease and fibrosis. Numerous studies have revealed that restoring the defective fatty acid oxidation in the kidney cells can mitigate renal fibrosis. Thus, it is an important strategy to reverse the dysfunctional lipid metabolism in the kidney, by targeting critical regulators of lipid metabolism. In this review, we highlight the potential "druggability" of lipid metabolism to ameliorate renal fibrosis and provide current pre-clinical evidence, exemplified by some representative druggable targets and several other metabolic regulators with anti-renal fibrosis roles. Then, we introduce the preliminary progress of noncoding RNAs as promising anti-renal fibrosis drug targets from the perspective of lipid metabolism. Finally, we discuss the prospects and deficiencies of drug targeting lipid reprogramming in the kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Chen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Xiao-guang Chen
- grid.506261.60000 0001 0706 7839State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union medical college, Beijing, 100050, China.
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21
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Dhamodaran K, Baidouri H, Nartey A, Staverosky J, Keller K, Acott T, Vranka J, Raghunathan V. Endogenous expression of Notch pathway molecules in human trabecular meshwork cells. Exp Eye Res 2022; 216:108935. [PMID: 35033558 PMCID: PMC8885976 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.108935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cells in the trabecular meshwork sense and respond to a myriad of physical forces through a process known as mechanotransduction. Whilst the effect of substratum stiffness or stretch on TM cells have been investigated in the context of transforming growth factor (TGF-β), Wnt and YAP/TAZ pathways, the role of Notch signaling, an evolutionarily conserved pathway, recently implicated in mechanotransduction, has not been investigated in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells. Here, we compare the endogenous expression of Notch pathway molecules in TM cells from glaucomatous and non-glaucomatous donors, segmental flow regions, and when subjected to cyclical strain, or grown on hydrogels of varying rigidity. METHODS Primary TM from glaucomatous (GTM), non-glaucomatous (NTM) donors, and from segmental flow regions [high flow (HF), low flow (LF)], were utilized between passages 2-6. Cells were (i) plated on tissue culture plastic, (ii) subjected to cyclical strain (6 h and 24 h), or (iii) cultured on 3 kPa and 80 kPa hydrogels. mRNA levels of Notch receptors/ligands/effectors in the TM cells was determined by qRT-PCR. Phagocytosis was determined as a function of substratum stiffness in NTM-HF/LF cells in the presence or absence of 100 nM Dexamethasone treatment. RESULTS Innate expression of Notch pathway genes were significantly overexpressed in GTM cells with no discernible differences observed between HF/LF cells in either NTM or GTM cells cultured on plastic substrates. With 6 h of cyclical strain, a subset of Notch pathway genes presented with altered expression. Expression of Notch receptors/ligands/receptors/inhibitors progressively declined with increasing stiffness and this correlated with phagocytic ability of NTM cells. Dexamethasone treatment decreased phagocytosis regardless of stiffness or cells isolated from segmental outflow regions. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate here that the Notch expression in cultured TM cells differ intrinsically between GTM vs NTM, and by substratum cues (cyclical strain and stiffness). Of import, the most apparent differences in gene expression were observed as a function of substratum stiffness which closely followed phagocytic ability of cells. Interestingly, on soft substrates (mimicking normal TM stiffness) Notch expression and phagocytosis was highest, while both expression and phagocytosis was significantly lower on stiffer substrates (mimicking glaucomatous stiffness) regardless of DEX treatment. Such context dependent changes suggest Notch pathway may play differing roles in disease vs homeostasis. Studies focused on understanding the mechanistic role of Notch (if any) in outflow homeostasis are thus warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamesh Dhamodaran
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hasna Baidouri
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Andrews Nartey
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Julia Staverosky
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kate Keller
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ted Acott
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Janice Vranka
- Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - VijayKrishna Raghunathan
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA,Correspondence should be sent to: VijayKrishna Raghunathan, Ph.D., University of Houston, College of Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX, 77204, Phone: (713)-743-8331,
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22
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Bartolomé A, Suda N, Yu J, Zhu C, Son J, Ding H, Califano A, Accili D, Pajvani UB. Notch-mediated Ephrin signaling disrupts islet architecture and β cell function. JCI Insight 2022; 7:157694. [PMID: 35167496 PMCID: PMC8986078 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.157694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered islet architecture is associated with β cell dysfunction and type 2 diabetes (T2D) progression, but molecular effectors of islet spatial organization remain mostly unknown. Although Notch signaling is known to regulate pancreatic development, we observed “reactivated” β cell Notch activity in obese mouse models. To test the repercussions and reversibility of Notch effects, we generated doxycycline-dependent, β cell–specific Notch gain-of-function mice. As predicted, we found that Notch activation in postnatal β cells impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and glucose intolerance, but we observed a surprising remnant glucose intolerance after doxycycline withdrawal and cessation of Notch activity, associated with a marked disruption of normal islet architecture. Transcriptomic screening of Notch-active islets revealed increased Ephrin signaling. Commensurately, exposure to Ephrin ligands increased β cell repulsion and impaired murine and human pseudoislet formation. Consistent with our mouse data, Notch and Ephrin signaling were increased in metabolically inflexible β cells in patients with T2D. These studies suggest that β cell Notch/Ephrin signaling can permanently alter islet architecture during a morphogenetic window in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bartolomé
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Endocrina y del Sistema Nervioso, IIBm Alberto Sols (CSIC/UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Nina Suda
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Junjie Yu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Changyu Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Jinsook Son
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Hongxu Ding
- Systems Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, United States of America
| | - Andrea Califano
- Systems Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, United States of America
| | - Domenico Accili
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Utpal B Pajvani
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
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23
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Endothelial Shp2 deficiency controls alternative activation of macrophage preventing radiation-induced lung injury through Notch signaling. iScience 2022; 25:103867. [PMID: 35243230 PMCID: PMC8859005 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced lung injury is a common late side effect of thoracic radiotherapy. Endothelial dysfunction following leukocytes infiltration is a prominent feature in this process. Here, we established a clinical-mimicking mouse model of radiation-induced lung injury and found the activity of phosphatase Shp2 was elevated in endothelium after injury. Endothelium-specific Shp2 deletion mice showed relieved collagen deposition along with disrupted radiation-induced Jag1 expression in the endothelium. Furthermore, endothelium-derived Jag1 activated the alternative activation of macrophages in vitro and in vivo by paracrine Notch signaling. Consistently, the Notch pathway was significantly activated by chest irradiation in the peripheral blood leukocytes of patients with cancer. Collectively, our work demonstrates that Shp2 participates in the radiation-induced endothelial dysfunction and subsequently inflammatory microenvironment producing during radiation-induced lung injury. Our findings indicate Shp2 as a potential target for radiation-induced lung injury and provide another way for endothelium to participate in the pathological process of radiation-induced lung injury. Phosphatase activity of endothelial Shp2 is elevated by irradiation in vitro and in vivo Radiation-induced Jag1 is blocked in Shp2-deficient endothelium Loss of Shp2 in endothelium relieves radiation-induced pulmonary injury Shp2-deficient endothelium restrains macrophage activation via Notch signaling
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24
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Epigenetic Modulation of Gremlin-1/NOTCH Pathway in Experimental Crescentic Immune-Mediated Glomerulonephritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020121. [PMID: 35215234 PMCID: PMC8876310 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Crescentic glomerulonephritis is a devastating autoimmune disease that without early and properly treatment may rapidly progress to end-stage renal disease and death. Current immunosuppressive treatment provides limited efficacy and an important burden of adverse events. Epigenetic drugs are a source of novel therapeutic tools. Among them, bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitors (iBETs) block the interaction between bromodomains and acetylated proteins, including histones and transcription factors. iBETs have demonstrated protective effects on malignancy, inflammatory disorders and experimental kidney disease. Recently, Gremlin-1 was proposed as a urinary biomarker of disease progression in human anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated crescentic glomerulonephritis. We have now evaluated whether iBETs could regulate Gremlin-1 in experimental anti-glomerular basement membrane nephritis induced by nephrotoxic serum (NTS) in mice, a model resembling human crescentic glomerulonephritis. In NTS-injected mice, the iBET JQ1 inhibited renal Gremlin-1 overexpression and diminished glomerular damage, restoring podocyte numbers. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay demonstrated BRD4 enrichment of the Grem-1 gene promoter in injured kidneys, consistent with Gremlin-1 epigenetic regulation. Moreover, JQ1 blocked BRD4 binding and inhibited Grem-1 gene transcription. The beneficial effect of iBETs was also mediated by modulation of NOTCH pathway. JQ1 inhibited the gene expression of the NOTCH effectors Hes-1 and Hey-1 in NTS-injured kidneys. Our results further support the role for epigenetic drugs, such as iBETs, in the treatment of rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis.
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25
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Ungricht R, Guibbal L, Lasbennes MC, Orsini V, Beibel M, Waldt A, Cuttat R, Carbone W, Basler A, Roma G, Nigsch F, Tchorz JS, Hoepfner D, Hoppe PS. Genome-wide screening in human kidney organoids identifies developmental and disease-related aspects of nephrogenesis. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 29:160-175.e7. [PMID: 34847364 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Human organoids allow the study of proliferation, lineage specification, and 3D tissue development. Here we present a genome-wide CRISPR screen in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived kidney organoids. The combination of inducible genome editing, longitudinal sampling, and endpoint sorting of tubular and stromal cells generated a complex, high-quality dataset uncovering a broad spectrum of insightful biology from early development to "adult" epithelial morphogenesis. Our functional dataset allows improving mesoderm induction by ROCK inhibition, contains monogenetic and complex trait kidney disease genes, confirms two additional congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) genes (CCDC170 and MYH7B), and provides a large candidate list of ciliopathy-related genes. Finally, identification of a cis-inhibitory effect of Jagged1 controlling epithelial proliferation shows how mosaic knockouts in pooled CRISPR screening can reveal ways of communication between heterogeneous cell populations in complex tissues. These data serve as a rich resource for the kidney research community and as a benchmark for future iPSC-derived organoid CRISPR screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemarie Ungricht
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laure Guibbal
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Vanessa Orsini
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Beibel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Annick Waldt
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rachel Cuttat
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Walter Carbone
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Basler
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guglielmo Roma
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Nigsch
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan S Tchorz
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominic Hoepfner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp S Hoppe
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Pharma AG, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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26
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Metabolic Reprogramming in Kidney Diseases: Evidence and Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Nephrol 2021; 2021:5497346. [PMID: 34733559 PMCID: PMC8560294 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5497346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming originally referred to the ability of cancer cells to metabolically adapt to changes in environmental conditions to meet both energy consumption and proliferation requirements. According to recent studies, renal cells are also capable of reprogramming their metabolism after kidney injury, and these cells undergo different kinds of metabolic reprogramming in different kidney diseases. Metabolic reprogramming also plays a role in the progression and prognosis of kidney diseases. Therefore, metabolic reprogramming is not only a prominent feature but also an important contributor to the pathophysiology of kidney diseases. Here, we briefly review kidney diseases and metabolic reprogramming and discuss new ways to treat kidney diseases.
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27
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Doke T, Huang S, Qiu C, Sheng X, Seasock M, Liu H, Ma Z, Palmer M, Susztak K. Genome-wide association studies identify the role of caspase-9 in kidney disease. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabi8051. [PMID: 34739325 PMCID: PMC8570608 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abi8051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of genetic risk regions for kidney dysfunction [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)]; however, the causal genes, cell types, and pathways are poorly understood. Integration of GWAS and human kidney expression of quantitative trait analysis using Bayesian colocations, transcriptome-wide association studies, and summary-based Mendelian randomization studies prioritized caspase-9 (CASP9) as a kidney disease risk gene. Human kidney single-cell epigenetic and immunostaining studies indicated kidney tubule cells as a disease-causing cell type. Mice with genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of CASP9 showed lower apoptosis while having improved mitophagy, resulting in dampened activation of cytosolic nucleotide sensing pathways (cGAS-STING), reduction of inflammation, and protection from acute kidney disease or renal fibrosis. In summary, here, we prioritized CASP9 as an eGFR GWAS target gene and demonstrated the causal role of CASP9 in kidney disease development via improving mitophagy and lowering inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohito Doke
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew Seasock
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ziyuan Ma
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew Palmer
- Department of Pathology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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28
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Seguro Paula F, Delgado Alves J. The role of the Notch pathway in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis: clinical implications. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:1257-1267. [PMID: 34719325 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.2000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic debilitating disease characterized by vascular insufficiency, widespread fibrosis and immune activation. Current understanding of its pathophysiology remains incomplete, which translates into inefficient therapies. Notch signaling is a central player in the development of physiological and pathological fibrosis not only in general but also in the context of SSc and is most likely involved in the vascular dysfunction that characterizes the disease. AREAS COVERED This review explores the role of the Notch pathway in the pathophysiology of SSc and the potential implications for the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of this yet incurable disease. EXPERT OPINION Although major issues still exist about the comprehension of SSc and the design of effective treatments, the knowledge of the role of the Notch pathway in fibrogenesis and vascular biology has shed light and enthusiasm over the field. Drugs that target components of Notch signaling are currently in development including already some in clinical trials. As such, Notch may become a very important topic in the near future (considering both the pathophysiology and treatment perspectives), not only in the context of SSc but also in the vascular-dependent fibrotic processes present in a multitude of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Seguro Paula
- Immune Response and Vascular Disease, Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Nova Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.,Systemic Immune-mediated Diseases Unit, Fernando Fonseca Hospital, Amadora, Portugal
| | - José Delgado Alves
- Immune Response and Vascular Disease, Chronic Diseases Research Center (CEDOC), Nova Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.,Systemic Immune-mediated Diseases Unit, Fernando Fonseca Hospital, Amadora, Portugal
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29
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Xiao M, Bai S, Chen J, Li Y, Zhang S, Hu Z. CDKN2B-AS1 participates in high glucose-induced apoptosis and fibrosis via NOTCH2 through functioning as a miR-98-5p decoy in human podocytes and renal tubular cells. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:107. [PMID: 34649592 PMCID: PMC8518318 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the most common causes of end-stage renal disease. Long non-coding RNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense RNA 1 (CDKN2B-AS1) is connected with the development of DN, but the role of CDKN2B-AS1 in DN has not been entirely elucidated. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to measure CDKN2B-AS1 and miR-98-5p levels. Cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis were analyzed with 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) or flow cytometry assays. Protein levels were measured by western blotting. The relationship between CDKN2B-AS1 or notch homolog 2 (NOTCH2) and miR-98-5p was verified via dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS CDKN2B-AS1 and NOTCH2 were upregulated in the serum of DN patients and high glucose-disposed human podocytes (HPCs) and human renal tubular cells (HK-2), whereas miR-98-5p was downregulated. High glucose repressed viability and accelerated apoptosis of HPCs and HK-2 cells. CDKN2B-AS1 knockdown impaired high glucose-induced apoptosis and fibrosis of HPCs and HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, CDKN2B-AS1 sponged miR-98-5p to regulate NOTCH2 expression. Also, CDKN2B-AS1 inhibition-mediated effects on apoptosis and fibrosis of high glucose-disposed HPCs and HK-2 cells were weakened by miR-98-5p inhibitor. Also, NOTCH2 knockdown partly reversed miR-98-5p inhibitor-mediated impacts on apoptosis and fibrosis of high glucose-disposed HPCs and HK-2 cells. CONCLUSION High glucose-induced CDKN2B-AS1 promoted apoptosis and fibrosis via the TGF-β1 signaling mediated by the miR-98-5p/NOTCH2 axis in HPCs and HK-2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shoujun Bai
- Department of Nephrology, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated To Fudan University, Shanghai, 201700, China
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yaxi Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77004, USA
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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30
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Yang Y, Ha S, Jeong S, Jang CW, Kim J, Im DS, Chung HY, Chung KW. Comparison of two different toxin-induced kidney fibrosis models in terms of inflammatory responses. Toxicology 2021; 463:152973. [PMID: 34619300 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by persistent abnormalities in kidney function, accompanied by structural changes. Interstitial fibrosis, characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, is frequently detected during CKD development. Given the multiple underlying causes of CKD, numerous animal models have been developed to advance our understanding of human nephropathy. Herein, we compared two reliable toxin-induced mouse kidney fibrosis models in terms of fibrosis and inflammation. Administration of folic acid (250 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) or an adenine diet (0.25 % for three weeks) afforded similar effects on kidney function, as detected by increased serum nitrogen levels. In addition, the kidneys exhibited a similar extent of tubule dilation and kidney damage. The degree of fibrosis was compared using various biological methods. Although both models developed a significant fibrotic phenotype, the adenine diet-fed model showed a marginally higher increase in fibrosis than the folic acid model, as reflected by increased kidney ECM gene and protein levels. We further compared inflammatory responses in the kidneys. Interestingly, pro-inflammatory responses, including cytokine expression and immune cell infiltration, were significantly increased in adenine diet-fed kidneys. Furthermore, collagen expression was identified in the macrophage-infiltrated region, implying the importance of inflammation in fibrogenesis. Collectively, we observed that the adenine diet-fed kidney fibrosis model presented a higher inflammatory response with increased fibrosis when compared with the folic acid-induced kidney fibrosis model, indicating the importance of the inflammatory response in fibrosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yejin Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugyeong Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Somi Jeong
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Won Jang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongwon Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Soon Im
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Young Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Wung Chung
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Zapata-Pérez R, Tammaro A, Schomakers BV, Scantlebery AML, Denis S, Elfrink HL, Giroud-Gerbetant J, Cantó C, López-Leonardo C, McIntyre RL, van Weeghel M, Sánchez-Ferrer Á, Houtkooper RH. Reduced nicotinamide mononucleotide is a new and potent NAD + precursor in mammalian cells and mice. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21456. [PMID: 33724555 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001826r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) homeostasis is constantly compromised due to degradation by NAD+ -dependent enzymes. NAD+ replenishment by supplementation with the NAD+ precursors nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR) can alleviate this imbalance. However, NMN and NR are limited by their mild effect on the cellular NAD+ pool and the need of high doses. Here, we report a synthesis method of a reduced form of NMN (NMNH), and identify this molecule as a new NAD+ precursor for the first time. We show that NMNH increases NAD+ levels to a much higher extent and faster than NMN or NR, and that it is metabolized through a different, NRK and NAMPT-independent, pathway. We also demonstrate that NMNH reduces damage and accelerates repair in renal tubular epithelial cells upon hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Finally, we find that NMNH administration in mice causes a rapid and sustained NAD+ surge in whole blood, which is accompanied by increased NAD+ levels in liver, kidney, muscle, brain, brown adipose tissue, and heart, but not in white adipose tissue. Together, our data highlight NMNH as a new NAD+ precursor with therapeutic potential for acute kidney injury, confirm the existence of a novel pathway for the recycling of reduced NAD+ precursors and establish NMNH as a member of the new family of reduced NAD+ precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Zapata-Pérez
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Tammaro
- Pathology Department, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bauke V Schomakers
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angelique M L Scantlebery
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Denis
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hyung L Elfrink
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Carles Cantó
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Rebecca L McIntyre
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michel van Weeghel
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Core Facility Metabolomics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Álvaro Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology-A, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Marquez-Exposito L, Rodrigues-Diez RR, Rayego-Mateos S, Fierro-Fernandez M, Rodrigues-Diez R, Orejudo M, Santos-Sanchez L, Blanco EM, Laborda J, Mezzano S, Lamas S, Lavoz C, Ruiz-Ortega M. Deletion of delta-like 1 homologue accelerates renal inflammation by modulating the Th17 immune response. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21213. [PMID: 33368614 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903131r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical studies have demonstrated that activation of the NOTCH pathway plays a key role in the pathogenesis of kidney damage. There is currently no information on the role of the Delta-like homologue 1 (DLK1), a NOTCH inhibitor, in the regulation of renal damage. Here, we investigated the contribution of DLK1 to experimental renal damage and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using a Dlk1-null mouse model in the experimental renal damage of unilateral ureteral obstruction, we found activation of NOTCH, as shown by increased nuclear translocation of the NOTCH1 intracellular domain, and upregulation of Dlk2/hey-1 expression compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. NOTCH1 over-activation in Dlk1-null injured kidneys was associated with a higher inflammatory response, characterized by infiltration of inflammatory cells, mainly CD4/IL17A + lymphocytes, and activation of the Th17 immune response. Furthermore, pharmacological NOTCH blockade inhibited the transcription factors controlling Th17 differentiation and gene expression of the Th17 effector cytokine IL-17A and other related-inflammatory factors, linked to a diminution of inflammation in the injured kidneys. We propose that the non-canonical NOTCH ligand DLK1 acts as a NOTCH antagonist in renal injury regulating the Th17-mediated inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marquez-Exposito
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul R Rodrigues-Diez
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular and Renal Translational Research Group, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Rodrigues-Diez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Macarena Orejudo
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Santos-Sanchez
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Maria Blanco
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Laborda
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Branch, Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Albacete, Spain
| | - Sergio Mezzano
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Lavoz
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular and Molecular Biology in Renal and Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
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33
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Liu Y, Su YY, Yang Q, Zhou T. Stem cells in the treatment of renal fibrosis: a review of preclinical and clinical studies of renal fibrosis pathogenesis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:333. [PMID: 34112221 PMCID: PMC8194041 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02391-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis commonly leads to glomerulosclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis and the main pathological basis involves tubular atrophy and the abnormal increase and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). Renal fibrosis can progress to chronic kidney disease. Stem cells have multilineage differentiation potential under appropriate conditions and are easy to obtain. At present, there have been some studies showing that stem cells can alleviate the accumulation of ECM and renal fibrosis. However, the sources of stem cells and the types of renal fibrosis or renal fibrosis models used in these studies have differed. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis (including signaling pathways) of renal fibrosis, and the effect of stem cell therapy on renal fibrosis as described in preclinical and clinical studies. We found that stem cells from various sources have certain effects on improving renal function and alleviating renal fibrosis. However, additional clinical studies should be conducted to confirm this conclusion in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiping Liu
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 69 Dongsha Road, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yan-Yan Su
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital of Guangzhou, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 69 Dongsha Road, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Tianbiao Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No. 69 Dongsha Road, Shantou, 515041, China.
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34
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Condorelli AG, El Hachem M, Zambruno G, Nystrom A, Candi E, Castiglia D. Notch-ing up knowledge on molecular mechanisms of skin fibrosis: focus on the multifaceted Notch signalling pathway. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:36. [PMID: 33966637 PMCID: PMC8106838 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis can be defined as an excessive and deregulated deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, causing loss of physiological architecture and dysfunction of different tissues and organs. In the skin, fibrosis represents the hallmark of several acquired (e.g. systemic sclerosis and hypertrophic scars) and inherited (i.e. dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa) diseases. A complex series of interactions among a variety of cellular types and a wide range of molecular players drive the fibrogenic process, often in a context-dependent manner. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms leading to skin fibrosis are not completely elucidated. In this scenario, an increasing body of evidence has recently disclosed the involvement of Notch signalling cascade in fibrosis of the skin and other organs. Despite its apparent simplicity, Notch represents one of the most multifaceted, strictly regulated and intricate pathways with still unknown features both in health and disease conditions. Starting from the most recent advances in Notch activation and regulation, this review focuses on the pro-fibrotic function of Notch pathway in fibroproliferative skin disorders describing molecular networks, interplay with other pro-fibrotic molecules and pathways, including the transforming growth factor-β1, and therapeutic strategies under development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Giuseppe Condorelli
- Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant' Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.
| | - May El Hachem
- Dermatology Unit and Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant' Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zambruno
- Genodermatosis Unit, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant' Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Alexander Nystrom
- Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", via Montpellier, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.,IDI-IRCCS, via Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Castiglia
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, IDI-IRCCS, via Monti di Creta 104, 00167, Rome, Italy
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35
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Chen L, Chou CL, Knepper MA. Targeted Single-Cell RNA-seq Identifies Minority Cell Types of Kidney Distal Nephron. J Am Soc Nephrol 2021; 32:886-896. [PMID: 33769948 PMCID: PMC8017539 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2020101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proximal tubule cells dominate the kidney parenchyma numerically, although less abundant cell types of the distal nephron have disproportionate roles in water and electrolyte balance. METHODS Coupling of a FACS-based enrichment protocol with single-cell RNA-seq profiled the transcriptomes of 9099 cells from the thick ascending limb (CTAL)/distal convoluted tubule (DCT) region of the mouse nephron. RESULTS Unsupervised clustering revealed Slc12a3 +/Pvalb + and Slc12a3 +/Pvalb - cells, identified as DCT1 and DCT2 cells, respectively. DCT1 cells appear to be heterogeneous, with orthogonally variable expression of Slc8a1, Calb1, and Ckb. An additional DCT1 subcluster showed marked enrichment of cell cycle-/cell proliferation-associated mRNAs (e.g., Mki67, Stmn1, and Top2a), which fit with the known plasticity of DCT cells. No DCT2-specific transcripts were found. DCT2 cells contrast with DCT1 cells by expression of epithelial sodium channel β- and γ-subunits and much stronger expression of transcripts associated with calcium transport (Trpv5, Calb1, S100g, and Slc8a1). Additionally, scRNA-seq identified three distinct CTAL (Slc12a1 +) cell subtypes. One of these expressed Nos1 and Avpr1a, consistent with macula densa cells. The other two CTAL clusters were distinguished by Cldn10 and Ptger3 in one and Cldn16 and Foxq1 in the other. These two CTAL cell types were also distinguished by expression of alternative Iroquois homeobox transcription factors, with Irx1 and Irx2 in the Cldn10 + CTAL cells and Irx3 in the Cldn16 + CTAL cells. CONCLUSIONS Single-cell transcriptomics revealed unexpected diversity among the cells of the distal nephron in mouse. Web-based data resources are provided for the single-cell data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihe Chen
- Epithelial Systems Biology Laboratory, Systems Biology Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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36
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Miguel V, Ramos R, García-Bermejo L, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Lamas S. The program of renal fibrogenesis is controlled by microRNAs regulating oxidative metabolism. Redox Biol 2021; 40:101851. [PMID: 33465566 PMCID: PMC7815809 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) is the hallmark of fibrotic diseases. In the kidney, it is the final common pathway of prevalent diseases, leading to chronic renal failure. While cytokines such as TGF-β play a fundamental role in myofibroblast transformation, recent work has shown that mitochondrial dysfunction and defective fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which compromise the main source of energy for renal tubular epithelial cells, have been proposed to be fundamental contributors to the development and progression of kidney fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally, have been reported to control renal fibrogenesis. To identify miRNAs involved in the metabolic derangement of renal fibrosis, we performed a miRNA array screen in the mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). MiR-150-5p and miR-495-3p were selected for their link to human pathology, their role in mitochondrial metabolism and their targeting of the fatty acid shuttling enzyme CPT1A. We found a 2- and 4-fold upregulation of miR-150-5p and miR-495-5p, respectively, in both the UUO and the folic acid induced nephropathy (FAN) models, while TGF-β1 upregulated their expressions in the human renal tubular epithelial cell line HKC-8. These miRNAs synergized with TGF-β regarding its pro-fibrotic effect by enhancing the fibrosis-associated markers Acta2, Col1α1 and Fn1. Bioenergetics studies showed a reduction of FAO-associated oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in HKC-8 cells in the presence of both miRNAs. Consistently, expression levels of their mitochondrial-related target genes CPT1A, PGC1α and the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), were reduced by half in renal epithelial cells exposed to these miRNAs. By contrast, we did not detect changes in mitochondrial mass and transmembrane potential (ΔѰm) or mitochondrial superoxide radical anion production. Our data support that miR-150 and miR-495 may contribute to renal fibrogenesis by aggravating the metabolic failure critically involved in tubular epithelial cells, ultimately leading to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Miguel
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Ramos
- Genomic Facility, Parque Científico de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura García-Bermejo
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario "Ramón y Cajal", IRYCIS, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Research Foundation of the University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias," IRYCIS, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Program of Physiological and Pathological Processes, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), 28049, Madrid, Spain.
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37
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Saraswati S, Martínez P, Graña-Castro O, Blasco MA. Short and dysfunctional telomeres sensitize the kidneys to develop fibrosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 1:269-283. [PMID: 37118410 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-021-00040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of short telomeres is a hallmark of aging. Mutations in telomerase or telomere-binding proteins lead to telomere shortening or dysfunction and are at the origin of human pathologies known as 'telomere syndromes', which are characterized by loss of the regenerative capacity of tissues and fibrotic pathologies. Here, we generated two mouse models of kidney fibrosis, either by combining telomerase deficiency to induce telomere shortening and a low dose of folic acid, or by conditionally deleting Trf1, a component of the shelterin telomere protective complex, from the kidneys. We find that short telomeres sensitize the kidneys to develop fibrosis in response to folic acid and exacerbate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program. Trf1 deletion in kidneys led to fibrosis and EMT activation. Our findings suggest that telomere shortening or dysfunction may contribute to pathological, age-associated renal fibrosis by influencing the EMT program.
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38
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Hu C, Zhao Y, Wang X, Zhu T. Intratumoral Fibrosis in Facilitating Renal Cancer Aggressiveness: Underlying Mechanisms and Promising Targets. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:651620. [PMID: 33777960 PMCID: PMC7991742 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.651620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral fibrosis is a histologic manifestation of fibrotic tumor stroma. The interaction between cancer cells and fibrotic stroma is intricate and reciprocal, involving dysregulations from multiple biological processes. Different components of tumor stroma are implicated via distinct manners. In the kidney, intratumoral fibrosis is frequently observed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. In this review, we recapitulate evidence demonstrating how fibrotic stroma interacts with cancer cells and mechanisms shared between RCC tumorigenesis and renal fibrogenesis, providing promising targets for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Zhao
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanchuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Shanghai, China
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39
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Transcriptome Analysis of the Anti-TGFβ Effect of Schisandra chinensis Fruit Extract and Schisandrin B in A7r5 Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020163. [PMID: 33672474 PMCID: PMC7926316 DOI: 10.3390/life11020163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis fruit extract (SCE) has been used as a traditional medicine for treating vascular diseases. However, little is known about how SCE and schisandrin B (SchB) affect transcriptional output-a crucial factor for shaping the fibrotic responses of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling pathways in in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). In this study, to assess the pharmacological effect of SCE and SchB on TGFβ-induced transcriptional output, we performed DNA microarray experiments in A7r5 VSMCs. We found that TGFβ induced distinctive changes in the gene expression profile and that these changes were considerably reversed by SCE and SchB. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) with Hallmark signature suggested that SCE or SchB inhibits a range of fibrosis-associated biological processes, including inflammation, cell proliferation and migration. With our VSMC-specific transcriptional interactome network, master regulator analysis identified crucial transcription factors that regulate the expression of SCE- and SchB-effective genes (i.e., TGFβ-reactive genes whose expression are reversed by SCE and SchB). Our results provide novel perspective and insight into understanding the pharmacological action of SCE and SchB at the transcriptome level and will support further investigations to develop multitargeted strategies for the treatment of vascular fibrosis.
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Dhillon P, Park J, Hurtado Del Pozo C, Li L, Doke T, Huang S, Zhao J, Kang HM, Shrestra R, Balzer MS, Chatterjee S, Prado P, Han SY, Liu H, Sheng X, Dierickx P, Batmanov K, Romero JP, Prósper F, Li M, Pei L, Kim J, Montserrat N, Susztak K. The Nuclear Receptor ESRRA Protects from Kidney Disease by Coupling Metabolism and Differentiation. Cell Metab 2021; 33:379-394.e8. [PMID: 33301705 PMCID: PMC9259369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney disease is poorly understood because of the organ's cellular diversity. We used single-cell RNA sequencing not only in resolving differences in injured kidney tissue cellular composition but also in cell-type-specific gene expression in mouse models of kidney disease. This analysis highlighted major changes in cellular diversity in kidney disease, which markedly impacted whole-kidney transcriptomics outputs. Cell-type-specific differential expression analysis identified proximal tubule (PT) cells as the key vulnerable cell type. Through unbiased cell trajectory analyses, we show that PT cell differentiation is altered in kidney disease. Metabolism (fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation) in PT cells showed the strongest and most reproducible association with PT cell differentiation and disease. Coupling of cell differentiation and the metabolism was established by nuclear receptors (estrogen-related receptor alpha [ESRRA] and peroxisomal proliferation-activated receptor alpha [PPARA]) that directly control metabolic and PT-cell-specific gene expression in mice and patient samples while protecting from kidney disease in the mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Dhillon
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Carmen Hurtado Del Pozo
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomohito Doke
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juanjuan Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hyun Mi Kang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Laboratory of Disease Modeling and Therapeutics, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Rojesh Shrestra
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael S Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shatakshee Chatterjee
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Patricia Prado
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seung Yub Han
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Juan P Romero
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Felipe Prósper
- Cell Therapy Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Oncohematology Program, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Hematology and Area of Cell Therapy, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mingyao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Junhyong Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nuria Montserrat
- Pluripotency for Organ Regeneration, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Li J, Dong S, Ye M, Peng G, Luo J, Wang C, Wang J, Zhao Q, Chang Y, Wang H. MicroRNA-489-3p Represses Hepatic Stellate Cells Activation by Negatively Regulating the JAG1/Notch3 Signaling Pathway. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:143-150. [PMID: 32144602 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06174-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transformation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into collagen-producing myofibroblasts is a key event in hepatic fibrogenesis. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in the transformation of HSCs. However, the function of miR-489-3p in liver fibrosis remains unclear. METHODS Here, we detected the levels of miR-489-3p and jagged canonical Notch ligand 1 (JAG1) in liver fibrosis by using CCl4-treated rats as an in vivo model and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-treated HSC cell lines LX-2 and HSC-T6 as in vitro models. The expression of profibrotic markers was affected by transfecting LX-2 cells with either miR-489-3p mimic or si-JAG1. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was carried out to study the interaction of JAG1 with miR-489-3p. RESULTS We found that miR-489-3p was remarkably decreased while JAG1 was increased in liver fibrosis models both in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of miR-489-3p reduced the expression of profibrotic markers and the activation of LX-2 cells induced by TGF-β1. Moreover, miR-489-3p decreased the expression of jagged canonical Notch ligand 1 (JAG1) in LX-2 cells by interacting with its 3'-UTR. As JAG1 is a Notch ligand, decreased JAG1 by miR-489-3p inhibited the Notch signaling pathway. Moreover, the downregulation of JAG1 inhibited the expression of fibrotic markers. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that miR-489-3p can inhibit HSC activation by inhibiting the JAG1/Notch3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Shouquan Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ganjing Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jie Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China
| | - Hongling Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China. .,The Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Ishii K, Kobayashi H, Taguchi K, Guan N, Li A, Tong C, Davidoff O, Tran PV, Sharma M, Chandel NS, Kapp ME, Fogo AB, Brooks CR, Haase VH. Kidney epithelial targeted mitochondrial transcription factor A deficiency results in progressive mitochondrial depletion associated with severe cystic disease. Kidney Int 2020; 99:657-670. [PMID: 33159962 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal mitochondrial function is a well-recognized feature of acute and chronic kidney diseases. To gain insight into the role of mitochondria in kidney homeostasis and pathogenesis, we targeted mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), a protein required for mitochondrial DNA replication and transcription that plays a critical part in the maintenance of mitochondrial mass and function. To examine the consequences of disrupted mitochondrial function in kidney epithelial cells, we inactivated TFAM in sine oculis-related homeobox 2-expressing kidney progenitor cells. TFAM deficiency resulted in significantly decreased mitochondrial gene expression, mitochondrial depletion, inhibition of nephron maturation and the development of severe postnatal cystic disease, which resulted in premature death. This was associated with abnormal mitochondrial morphology, a reduction in oxygen consumption and increased glycolytic flux. Furthermore, we found that TFAM expression was reduced in murine and human polycystic kidneys, which was accompanied by mitochondrial depletion. Thus, our data suggest that dysregulation of TFAM expression and mitochondrial depletion are molecular features of kidney cystic disease that may contribute to its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Ishii
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hanako Kobayashi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kensei Taguchi
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Nan Guan
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andraia Li
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Carmen Tong
- Department Pediatric Urology, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Olena Davidoff
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Pamela V Tran
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Madhulika Sharma
- The Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Navdeep S Chandel
- Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Meghan E Kapp
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Agnes B Fogo
- The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Craig R Brooks
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Volker H Haase
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; The Vanderbilt O'Brien Kidney Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Medical and Research Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, and Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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43
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Chambers JM, Wingert RA. PGC-1α in Disease: Recent Renal Insights into a Versatile Metabolic Regulator. Cells 2020; 9:E2234. [PMID: 33022986 PMCID: PMC7601329 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) is perhaps best known as a master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, by virtue of its interactions as a coactivator for numerous nuclear receptors and transcription factors, PGC-1α also regulates many tissue-specific tasks that include adipogenesis, angiogenesis, gluconeogenesis, heme biosynthesis, thermogenesis, and cellular protection against degeneration. Knowledge about these functions continue to be discovered with ongoing research. Unsurprisingly, alterations in PGC-1α expression lead to a range of deleterious outcomes. In this review, we provide a brief background on the PGC-1 family with an overview of PGC-1α's roles as an adaptive link to meet cellular needs and its pathological consequences in several organ contexts. Among the latter, kidney health is especially reliant on PGC-1α. Thus, we discuss here at length how changes in PGC-1α function impact the states of renal cancer, acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), as well as emerging data that illuminate pivotal roles for PGC-1α during renal development. We survey a new intriguing association of PGC-1α function with ciliogenesis and polycystic kidney disease (PKD), where recent animal studies revealed that embryonic renal cyst formation can occur in the context of PGC-1α deficiency. Finally, we explore future prospects for PGC-1α research and therapeutic implications for this multifaceted coactivator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Chambers
- College of Pharmacy, Natural and Health Sciences, Manchester University, Fort Wayne, IN 46845, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Wingert
- Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Center for Zebrafish Research, Boler-Parseghian Center for Rare and Neglected Diseases, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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44
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Brandt S, Ballhause TM, Bernhardt A, Becker A, Salaru D, Le-Deffge HM, Fehr A, Fu Y, Philipsen L, Djudjaj S, Müller AJ, Kramann R, Ibrahim M, Geffers R, Siebel C, Isermann B, Heidel FH, Lindquist JA, Mertens PR. Fibrosis and Immune Cell Infiltration Are Separate Events Regulated by Cell-Specific Receptor Notch3 Expression. J Am Soc Nephrol 2020; 31:2589-2608. [PMID: 32859670 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2019121289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney injuries that result in chronic inflammation initiate crosstalk between stressed resident cells and infiltrating immune cells. In animal models, whole-body receptor Notch3 deficiency protects from leukocyte infiltration and organ fibrosis. However, the relative contribution of Notch3 expression in tissue versus infiltrating immune cells is unknown. METHODS Chimeric mice deficient for Notch3 in hematopoietic cells and/or resident tissue cells were generated, and kidney fibrosis and inflammation after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) were analyzed. Adoptive transfer of labeled bone marrow-derived cells validated the results in a murine Leishmania ear infection model. In vitro adhesion assays, integrin activation, and extracellular matrix production were analyzed. RESULTS Fibrosis follows UUO, but inflammatory cell infiltration mostly depends upon Notch3 expression in hematopoietic cells, which coincides with an enhanced proinflammatory milieu (e.g., CCL2 and CCL5 upregulation). Notch3 expression on CD45+ leukocytes plays a prominent role in efficient cell transmigration. Functionally, leukocyte adhesion and integrin activation are abrogated in the absence of receptor Notch3. Chimeric animal models also reveal that tubulointerstitial fibrosis develops, even in the absence of prominent leukocyte infiltrates after ureteral obstruction. Deleting Notch3 receptors on resident cells blunts kidney fibrosis, ablates NF-κB signaling, and lessens matrix deposition. CONCLUSIONS Cell-specific receptor Notch3 signaling independently orchestrates leukocyte infiltration and organ fibrosis. Interference with Notch3 signaling may present a novel therapeutic approach in inflammatory as well as fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Brandt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tobias M Ballhause
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Bernhardt
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Annika Becker
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Delia Salaru
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hien Minh Le-Deffge
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Fehr
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Yan Fu
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars Philipsen
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Djudjaj
- Institute of Pathology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andreas J Müller
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Intravital Microscopy of Infection and Immunity Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mahmoud Ibrahim
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische Hochschule Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Chris Siebel
- Department of Discovery Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Berend Isermann
- Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Florian H Heidel
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine II, Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich Schiller University Medical Center, Jena, Germany.,Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, Jena, Germany
| | - Jonathan A Lindquist
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Peter R Mertens
- Clinic of Nephrology and Hypertension, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany .,Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation (GCI3), Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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45
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Emerging Roles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Renal Fibrosis. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10080131. [PMID: 32752143 PMCID: PMC7460436 DOI: 10.3390/life10080131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is an unavoidable consequence that occurs in nearly all of the nephropathies. It is characterized by a superabundant deposition and accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). All compartments in the kidney can be affected, including interstitium, glomeruli, vasculature, and other connective tissue, during the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. The development of this process eventually causes destruction of renal parenchyma and end-stage renal failure, which is a devastating disease that requires renal replacement therapies. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been emerging as key regulators governing gene expression and affecting various biological processes. These versatile roles include transcriptional regulation, organization of nuclear domains, and the regulation of RNA molecules or proteins. Current evidence proposes the involvement of lncRNAs in the pathologic process of kidney fibrosis. In this review, the biological relevance of lncRNAs in renal fibrosis will be clarified as important novel regulators and potential therapeutic targets. The biology, and subsequently the current understanding, of lncRNAs in renal fibrosis are demonstrated—highlighting the involvement of lncRNAs in kidney cell function, phenotype transition, and vascular damage and rarefaction. Finally, we discuss challenges and future prospects of lncRNAs in diagnostic markers and potential therapeutic targets, hoping to further inspire the management of renal fibrosis.
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Hsu YC, Chang PJ, Tung CW, Shih YH, Ni WC, Li YC, Uto T, Shoyama Y, Ho C, Lin CL. De-Glycyrrhizinated Licorice Extract Attenuates High Glucose-Stimulated Renal Tubular Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Suppressing the Notch2 Signaling Pathway. Cells 2020; 9:cells9010125. [PMID: 31948095 PMCID: PMC7016866 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a major pathological hallmark of diabetic nephropathy. Increasing evidence has shown that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of renal proximal tubular cells plays a crucial role in tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the detailed mechanism of EMT in renal tubular cells under high glucose (HG) conditions, and to investigate the potential of licorice, a medicinal herb, to inhibit HG-induced EMT. Our results showed that renal tubular epithelial cells (normal rat kidney cell clone 52E; NRK-52E) exposed to HG resulted in EMT induction characterized by increased fibronectin and α-SMA (alpha-smooth muscle actin) but decreased E-cadherin. Elevated levels of cleaved Notch2, MAML-1 (mastermind-like transcriptional coactivator 1), nicastrin, Jagged-1 and Delta-like 1 were also concomitantly detected in HG-cultured cells. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated depletion or overexpression of the key components of Notch2 signaling in NRK-52E cells supported that the activated Notch2 pathway is essential for tubular EMT. Moreover, we found that licorice extract (LE) with or without glycyrrhizin, one of bioactive components in licorice, effectively blocked HG-triggered EMT in NRK-52E cells, mainly through suppressing the Notch2 pathway. Our findings therefore suggest that Notch2-mediated renal tubular EMT could be a therapeutic target in diabetic nephropathy, and both LE and de-glycyrrhizinated LE could have therapeutic potential to attenuate renal tubular EMT and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Chien Hsu
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Pey-Jium Chang
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wu Tung
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsueh Shih
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chiu Ni
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Li
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
| | - Takuhiro Uto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; (T.U.); (Y.S.)
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan; (T.U.); (Y.S.)
| | - Cheng Ho
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.-L.L.)
| | - Chun-Liang Lin
- Departments of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan; (Y.-C.H.); (P.-J.C.); (C.-W.T.); (Y.-H.S.); (W.-C.N.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Kidney and Diabetic Complications Research Team (KDCRT), Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613, Taiwan
- Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.H.); (C.-L.L.)
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Price NL, Miguel V, Ding W, Singh AK, Malik S, Rotllan N, Moshnikova A, Toczek J, Zeiss C, Sadeghi MM, Arias N, Baldán Á, Andreev OA, Rodríguez-Puyol D, Bahal R, Reshetnyak YK, Suárez Y, Fernández-Hernando C, Lamas S. Genetic deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of miR-33 protects from kidney fibrosis. JCI Insight 2019; 4:131102. [PMID: 31613798 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.131102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous work has reported the important links between cellular bioenergetics and the development of chronic kidney disease, highlighting the potential for targeting metabolic functions to regulate disease progression. More recently, it has been shown that alterations in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) can have an important impact on the progression of kidney disease. In this work, we demonstrate that loss of miR-33, an important regulator of lipid metabolism, can partially prevent the repression of FAO in fibrotic kidneys and reduce lipid accumulation. These changes were associated with a dramatic reduction in the extent of fibrosis induced in 2 mouse models of kidney disease. These effects were not related to changes in circulating leukocytes because bone marrow transplants from miR-33-deficient animals did not have a similar impact on disease progression. Most important, targeted delivery of miR-33 peptide nucleic acid inhibitors to the kidney and other acidic microenvironments was accomplished using pH low insertion peptides as a carrier. This was effective at both increasing the expression of factors involved in FAO and reducing the development of fibrosis. Together, these findings suggest that miR-33 may be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan L Price
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Verónica Miguel
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Madrid, Spain
| | - Wen Ding
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Abhishek K Singh
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Shipra Malik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Noemi Rotllan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- Department of Physics, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Jakub Toczek
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Section of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Caroline Zeiss
- Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mehran M Sadeghi
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Cardiovascular Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, and Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.,Section of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Noemi Arias
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ángel Baldán
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- Department of Physics, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Diego Rodríguez-Puyol
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Research Foundation of the University Hospital "Príncipe de Asturias," IRYCIS, Alcalá University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raman Bahal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Yana K Reshetnyak
- Department of Physics, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Yajaira Suárez
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Carlos Fernández-Hernando
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and.,Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism Program, Department of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Santiago Lamas
- Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Madrid, Spain
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Mukherjee M, Fogarty E, Janga M, Surendran K. Notch Signaling in Kidney Development, Maintenance, and Disease. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E692. [PMID: 31690016 PMCID: PMC6920979 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney development involves formation of nephrons intricately aligned with the vasculature and connected to a branched network of collecting ducts. Notch signaling plays multiple roles during kidney development involving the formation of nephrons composed of diverse epithelial cell types arranged into tubular segments, all the while maintaining a nephron progenitor niche. Here, we review the roles of Notch signaling identified from rodent kidney development and injury studies, while discussing human kidney diseases associated with aberrant Notch signaling. We also review Notch signaling requirement in maintenance of mature kidney epithelial cell states and speculate that Notch activity regulation mediates certain renal physiologic adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malini Mukherjee
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA.
| | - Eric Fogarty
- Division of Basic Biomedical Sciences, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069, USA.
| | - Madhusudhana Janga
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA.
| | - Kameswaran Surendran
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, 2301 East 60th Street North, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
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49
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Chung KW, Dhillon P, Huang S, Sheng X, Shrestha R, Qiu C, Kaufman BA, Park J, Pei L, Baur J, Palmer M, Susztak K. Mitochondrial Damage and Activation of the STING Pathway Lead to Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis. Cell Metab 2019; 30:784-799.e5. [PMID: 31474566 PMCID: PMC7054893 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the final common pathway leading to end-stage renal failure. By analyzing the kidneys of patients and animal models with fibrosis, we observed a significant mitochondrial defect, including the loss of the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) in kidney tubule cells. Here, we generated mice with tubule-specific deletion of TFAM (Ksp-Cre/Tfamflox/flox). While these mice developed severe mitochondrial loss and energetic deficit by 6 weeks of age, kidney fibrosis, immune cell infiltration, and progressive azotemia causing death were only observed around 12 weeks of age. In renal cells of TFAM KO (knockout) mice, aberrant packaging of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) resulted in its cytosolic translocation, activation of the cytosolic cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) DNA sensing pathway, and thus cytokine expression and immune cell recruitment. Ablation of STING ameliorated kidney fibrosis in mouse models of chronic kidney disease, demonstrating how TFAM sequesters mtDNA to limit the inflammation leading to fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Wung Chung
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Poonam Dhillon
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Shizheng Huang
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xin Sheng
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rojesh Shrestha
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Chengxiang Qiu
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Brett A Kaufman
- Center for Metabolism and Mitochondrial Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Jihwan Park
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Liming Pei
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Joseph Baur
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Matthew Palmer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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50
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Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most important risk factors for chronic and progressive kidney disease, leading to end-stage kidney failure. Tubule epithelial regeneration leads to the resolution of renal failure in AKI. Failure of tubule epithelial regeneration leads to concomitant hypoxia from loss of microcirculation, which serves as a critical factor leading to chronic kidney disease. In this issue of the JCI, Li et al. show that hypoxia activates the stress-responsive transcription factor FoxO3. Increased FoxO3 protein abundance leads to alterations in tubular epithelial autophagy and metabolism, highlighting an important mechanism causing permanent renal damage even after an acute injury.
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