1
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Bond NG, Shore KR, Engel EJ, Coonan EE, Al-Hasan F, Gbakie MA, Kamara FK, Kanneh L, Momoh M, Kanneh IM, Sandi JD, Elliott D, Ficenec SC, Smira AR, Fischer WA, Wohl DA, Robinson JE, Shaffer JG, Garry RF, Samuels RJ, Grant DS, Schieffelin JS. Ebola Virus-Specific Neutralizing Antibody Persists at High Levels in Survivors 2 Years After Resolution of Disease in a Sierra Leonean Cohort. J Infect Dis 2024:jiae155. [PMID: 38801652 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) infection results in Ebola virus disease (EVD), an often severe disease with a nonspecific presentation. Since its recognition, periodic outbreaks of EVD continue to occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The 2013-2016 West African EVD outbreak was the largest recorded, resulting in a substantial cohort of EVD survivors with persistent health complaints and variable immune responses. In this study, we characterize humoral immune responses in EVD survivors and their contacts in Eastern Sierra Leone. We found high levels of EBOV IgG in EVD survivors and lower yet substantial antibody levels in household contacts, suggesting subclinical transmission. Neutralizing antibody function was prevalent but variable in EVD survivors, raising questions about the durability of immune responses from natural infection with EBOV. Additionally, we found that certain discrete symptoms-ophthalmologic and auditory-are associated with EBOV IgG seropositivity, while an array of symptoms are associated with the presence of neutralizing antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mambu Momoh
- Kenema Government Hospital, Sierra Leone
- Eastern Technical University, Kenema, Sierra Leone
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2
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Akoi Boré J, Timothy JWS, Tipton T, Kekoura I, Hall Y, Hood G, Longet S, Fornace K, Lucien MS, Fehling SK, Koivogui BK, Coggins SA, Laing ED, Broder CC, Magassouba NF, Strecker T, Rossman J, Konde K, Carroll MW. Serological evidence of zoonotic filovirus exposure among bushmeat hunters in Guinea. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4171. [PMID: 38755147 PMCID: PMC11099012 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Human Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreaks caused by persistent EBOV infection raises questions on the role of zoonotic spillover in filovirus epidemiology. To characterise filovirus zoonotic exposure, we collected cross-sectional serum samples from bushmeat hunters (n = 498) in Macenta Prefecture Guinea, adjacent to the index site of the 2013 EBOV-Makona spillover event. We identified distinct immune signatures (20/498, 4.0%) to multiple EBOV antigens (GP, NP, VP40) using stepwise ELISA and Western blot analysis and, live EBOV neutralisation (5/20; 25%). Using comparative serological data from PCR-confirmed survivors of the 2013-2016 EBOV outbreak, we demonstrated that most signatures (15/20) were not plausibly explained by prior EBOV-Makona exposure. Subsequent data-driven modelling of EBOV immunological outcomes to remote-sensing environmental data also revealed consistent associations with intact closed canopy forest. Together our findings suggest exposure to other closely related filoviruses prior to the 2013-2016 West Africa epidemic and highlight future surveillance priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph W S Timothy
- Faulty of Infectious & Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Tom Tipton
- Centre for Human Genetics & Pandemic Sciences Inst, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ifono Kekoura
- Ministère de la Santé et de l'hygiène publique, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Yper Hall
- UK Health Security Agency, Porton Down, UK
| | - Grace Hood
- Centre for Human Genetics & Pandemic Sciences Inst, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephanie Longet
- Centre for Human Genetics & Pandemic Sciences Inst, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kimberly Fornace
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Si'Ana A Coggins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, MD, USA
| | - Eric D Laing
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, MD, USA
| | - Christopher C Broder
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University, MD, USA
| | | | - Thomas Strecker
- Institute of Virology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jeremy Rossman
- School of Bioscience, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Kader Konde
- Centre for Training and Research on Priority Diseases including Malaria in Guinea, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Miles W Carroll
- Centre for Human Genetics & Pandemic Sciences Inst, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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3
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Barranca E. When serology contradicts the experience of the disease: Ethics, research, and announcements about Ebola in Guinea. SANTE PUBLIQUE (VANDOEUVRE-LES-NANCY, FRANCE) 2023; 35:65-73. [PMID: 37328418 DOI: 10.3917/spub.231.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In Guinea, serological tests have shown the absence of antibodies in people declared cured of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD), thus refuting their previous diagnosis; and the presence of antibodies in contact cases who had not been diagnosed. These findings have led to reflections on the implications of telling those affected. PURPOSE OF RESEARCH The objectives of this study are to identify the stakes of announcing these results in the Guinean health context. 24 people, cured of Ebola or with expertise in ethics or health, were interviewed between November 2019 and February 2020 in Conakry. They presented their experiences in terms of medical announcements in Guinea, and their opinions on the relevance of announcing these discordant serological results. RESULTS Although it is an important step in the care relationship, the medical announcement sometimes seems neglected in Guinea. In addition, the opinions of the interviewees are rather homogeneous and favorable to the announcement to people seropositive to the Ebola virus who had not been diagnosed. However, their views are varied regarding the announcement of a negative serology to people declared cured of the EVD. They follow two trends, between Ebola survivors who say the announcement is undesirable, and ethicists and healthcare professionals for whom it is preferable. CONCLUSIONS This survey shows that certain biological results deserve critical reflection before being announced, especially when they indicate a new diagnosis. In order to decide on a course of action for the situations exposed, a second expertise would be useful, taking into account our results and new knowledge about the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Barranca
- UMI TransVIHMI (Université de Montpellier, IRD, INSERM) – Montpellier – France
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4
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Nkuba-Ndaye A, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Bulabula-Penge J, Thaurignac G, Edidi-Atani F, Mambu-Mbika F, Danga-Yema B, Matondo-Kuamfumu M, Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Bisento N, Lumembe-Numbi R, Kabamba-Lungenyi G, Kitsa-Mutsumbirwa D, Kambale-Sivihwa N, Boillot F, Delaporte E, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Ayouba A, Peeters M, Ahuka-Mundeke S. Added value of an anti-Ebola serology for the management of clinically suspect Ebola virus disease patients discharged as negative in an epidemic context. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:352-356. [PMID: 35176762 PMCID: PMC9400424 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Survivors from Ebola virus disease (EVD) may be at the origin of EVD resurgence. Methods Simultaneous reactivity to at least 2 Ebola virus or Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) antigens was detected in 11 of 488 (2.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–4.0) suspected EVD patients who were discharged as negative after 2 consecutive negative tests during the 10th Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Results After extrapolating the total number of individuals discharged as negative during the entire outbreak, we estimated a total of 1314 additional missed Ebola cases. Conclusions These findings emphasize the usefulness of an EBOV serology analysis and the importance of extending epidemic surveillance to clinically suspected cases who were discharged as negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.,Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Junior Bulabula-Penge
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - François Edidi-Atani
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Fabrice Mambu-Mbika
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bernice Danga-Yema
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Meris Matondo-Kuamfumu
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.,Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nella Bisento
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Raphaël Lumembe-Numbi
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gabriel Kabamba-Lungenyi
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Divine Kitsa-Mutsumbirwa
- Laboratoire mobile pour MVE, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Butembo, Nord-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nelson Kambale-Sivihwa
- Laboratoire mobile pour MVE, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Beni, Nord-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Placide Mbala-Kingebeni
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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5
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Diallo MSK, Toure A, Sow MS, Kpamou C, Keita AK, Taverne B, Peeters M, Msellati P, Barry TA, Etard JF, Ecochard R, Delaporte E. Understanding Long-term Evolution and Predictors of Sequelae of Ebola Virus Disease Survivors in Guinea: A 48-Month Prospective, Longitudinal Cohort Study (PostEboGui). Clin Infect Dis 2021; 73:2166-2174. [PMID: 33621316 PMCID: PMC8677527 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Longitudinal analyses are needed to better understand long-term Ebola virus disease (EVD) sequelae. We aimed to estimate the prevalence, incidence, and duration of sequelae and to identify risk factors associated with symptom occurrence among EVD survivors in Guinea. Methods We followed 802 EVD survivors over 48 months and recorded clinical symptoms with their start/end dates. Prevalence, incidence, and duration of sequelae were calculated. Risk factors associated with symptom occurrence were assessed using an extended Cox model for recurrent events. Results Overall, the prevalence and incidence of all symptoms decreased significantly over time, but sequelae remained present 48 months after Ebola treatment center discharge with a prevalence of 30.68% (95% confidence interval [CI] 21.40–39.96) for abdominal, 30.55% (95% CI 20.68–40.41) for neurologic, 5.80% (95% CI 1.96–9.65) for musculoskeletal, and 4.24% (95% CI 2.26–6.23) for ocular sequelae. Half of all patients (50.70%; 95% CI 47.26–54.14) complained of general symptoms 2 years’ postdischarge and 25.35% (95% CI 23.63–27.07) 4 years’ post-discharge. Hemorrhage (hazard ratio [HR], 2.70; P = .007), neurologic (HR 2.63; P = .021), and general symptoms (HR 0.34; P = .003) in the EVD acute phase were significantly associated with the further occurrence of ocular sequelae, whereas hemorrhage (HR 1.91; P = .046) and abdominal (HR 2.21; P = .033) symptoms were significantly associated with musculoskeletal sequelae. Conclusions Our findings provide new insight into the long-term clinical complications of EVD and their significant association with symptoms in the acute phase, thus reinforcing the importance of regular, long-term follow-up for EVD survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo
- IRD/INSERM/Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Abdoulaye Toure
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Cécé Kpamou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Alpha Kabinet Keita
- IRD/INSERM/Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | | | | | - Thierno Alimou Barry
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - René Ecochard
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Biostatistique, Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR 5558 Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Équipe Biostatistique-Santé, Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Eric Delaporte
- IRD/INSERM/Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Correspondence: E. Delaporte, IRD UMI233-INSERM U1175, Montpellier University, Délégation Régionale Occitanie, 911 avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, Montpellier Montpellier, France ()
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6
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Diallo MSK, Ayouba A, Keita AK, Thaurignac G, Sow MS, Kpamou C, Barry TA, Msellati P, Etard JF, Peeters M, Ecochard R, Delaporte E, Toure A, Ayouba A, Baize S, Bangoura K, Barry A, Barry M, Cissé M, Cissé M, Delaporte E, Delfraissy JF, Delmas C, Desclaux A, Diallo SB, Diallo MS, Diallo MS, Étard JF, Etienne C, Faye O, Fofana I, Granouillac B, Izard S, Kassé D, Keita AK, Keita S, Koivogui L, Kpamou C, Lacarabaratz C, Leroy S, Marchal CL, Levy Y, Magassouba N, March L, Mendiboure V, Msellati P, Niane H, Peeters M, Pers YM, Raoul H, Sacko SL, Savané I, Sow MS, Taverne B, Touré A, Traoré FA, Traoré F, Youla Y, Yazdanpanah Y. Temporal evolution of the humoral antibody response after Ebola virus disease in Guinea: a 60-month observational prospective cohort study. THE LANCET MICROBE 2021; 2:e676-e684. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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7
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Hachim A, Kavian N, Valkenburg SA. Antibody landscapes of SARS-CoV-2 can reveal novel vaccine and diagnostic targets. Curr Opin Virol 2021; 50:139-146. [PMID: 34464844 PMCID: PMC8376662 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 virions are composed of structural proteins, but during virus infection, an additional 30 proteins could be expressed according to putative open reading frames (ORFs) of the viral genome. Some of these additional proteins modulate cellular processes through direct interactions, their truncations can affect disease pathogenesis and they can also serve as antigenic targets for more specific serology. In addition to structural proteins, the ORF1a/b polyprotein and accessory proteins can stimulate antibody responses during infection. Antibodies that target non-structural proteins can impact viral infection, through Fc mediated effector functions, through interactions during virus entry, fusion, replication and egress within infected cells. Characterization of the serological responses to additional proteins, provides a snapshot of the 'antibody landscape', which includes the antibody magnitude, antigenic specificity and informs the biological relevance of SARS-CoV-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Hachim
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Niloufar Kavian
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China,Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy,Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Universitaire Paris Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cochin, Service d’Immunologie Biologique, Paris, France,Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sophie A Valkenburg
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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8
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Hargreaves A, Brady C, Mellors J, Tipton T, Carroll MW, Longet S. Filovirus Neutralising Antibodies: Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10091201. [PMID: 34578233 PMCID: PMC8468515 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10091201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Filoviruses, especially Ebola virus, cause sporadic outbreaks of viral haemorrhagic fever with very high case fatality rates in Africa. The 2013–2016 Ebola epidemic in West Africa provided large survivor cohorts spurring a large number of human studies which showed that specific neutralising antibodies played a key role in protection following a natural Ebola virus infection, as part of the overall humoral response and in conjunction with the cellular adaptive response. This review will discuss the studies in survivors and animal models which described protective neutralising antibody response. Their mechanisms of action will be detailed. Furthermore, the importance of neutralising antibodies in antibody-based therapeutics and in vaccine-induced responses will be explained, as well as the strategies to avoid immune escape from neutralising antibodies. Understanding the neutralising antibody response in the context of filoviruses is crucial to furthering our understanding of virus structure and function, in addition to improving current vaccines & antibody-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Hargreaves
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; (A.H.); (C.B.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (M.W.C.)
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Caolann Brady
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; (A.H.); (C.B.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (M.W.C.)
| | - Jack Mellors
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; (A.H.); (C.B.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (M.W.C.)
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZX, UK
| | - Tom Tipton
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; (A.H.); (C.B.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (M.W.C.)
| | - Miles W. Carroll
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; (A.H.); (C.B.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (M.W.C.)
- National Infection Service, Public Health England, Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Stephanie Longet
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK; (A.H.); (C.B.); (J.M.); (T.T.); (M.W.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-18-6561-7892
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9
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Ebola Virus Disease, Diagnostics and Therapeutics: Where is the Consensus in Over Three Decades of Clinical Research? SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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10
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Paquin-Proulx D, Gunn BM, Alrubayyi A, Clark DV, Creegan M, Kim D, Kibuuka H, Millard M, Wakabi S, Eller LA, Michael NL, Schoepp RJ, Hepburn MJ, Hensley LE, Robb ML, Alter G, Eller MA. Associations Between Antibody Fc-Mediated Effector Functions and Long-Term Sequelae in Ebola Virus Survivors. Front Immunol 2021; 12:682120. [PMID: 34093585 PMCID: PMC8173169 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.682120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibodies that mediate non-neutralizing functions play an important role in the immune response to Ebola virus (EBOV) and are thought to impact disease outcome. EBOV has also been associated with long term sequelae in survivors, however, the extent to which antibodies that mediate non-neutralizing functions are associated with the development of these sequelae is unknown. Here, the presence of antibodies mediating different effector functions and how they relate to long-term sequelae two years after the 2007 Bundibugyo Ebola virus (BDBV) outbreak was investigated. The majority of survivors demonstrated robust antibody effector functional activity and demonstrated persistent polyfunctional antibody profiles to the EBOV glycoprotein (GP) two years after infection. These functions were strongly associated with the levels of GP-specific IgG1. The odds of developing hearing loss, one of the more common sequelae to BDBV was reduced when antibodies mediating antibody dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), antibody dependent complement deposition (ADCD), or activating NK cells (ADNKA) were observed. In addition, hearing loss was associated with increased levels of several pro-inflammatory cytokines and levels of these pro-inflammatory cytokines were associated with lower ADCP. These results are indicating that a skewed antibody profile and persistent inflammation may contribute to long term outcome in survivors of BDBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bronwyn M Gunn
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Aljawharah Alrubayyi
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Danielle V Clark
- Austere environments Consortium for Enhanced Sepsis Outcomes (ACESO), Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matthew Creegan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dohoon Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hannah Kibuuka
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Monica Millard
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Salim Wakabi
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Leigh Anne Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Randal J Schoepp
- Diagnostic Systems Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
| | - Matthew J Hepburn
- Medical Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD, United States
| | - Lisa E Hensley
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Merlin L Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Michael A Eller
- Vaccine Research Program, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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11
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Goldstein T, Belaganahalli MN, Syaluha EK, Lukusa JPK, Greig DJ, Anthony SJ, Tremeau-Bravard A, Thakkar R, Caciula A, Mishra N, Lipkin WI, Dhanota JK, Smith BR, Ontiveros VM, Randhawa N, Cranfield M, Johnson CK, Gilardi KV, Mazet JAK. Spillover of ebolaviruses into people in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo prior to the 2018 Ebola virus disease outbreak. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2020; 2:21. [PMID: 33169111 PMCID: PMC7609368 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-020-00028-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The second largest Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak began in the Democratic Republic of Congo in July 2018 in North Kivu Province. Data suggest the outbreak is not epidemiologically linked to the 2018 outbreak in Equateur Province, and that independent introduction of Ebola virus (EBOV) into humans occurred. We tested for antibodies to ebolaviruses in febrile patients seeking care in North Kivu Province prior to the EVD outbreak. METHODS Patients were enrolled between May 2017 and April 2018, before the declared start of the outbreak in eastern DRC. Questionnaires were administered to collect demographic and behavioural information to identify risk factors for exposure. Biological samples were evaluated for ebolavirus nucleic acid, and for antibodies to ebolaviruses. Prevalence of exposure was calculated, and demographic factors evaluated for associations with ebolavirus serostatus. RESULTS Samples were collected and tested from 272 people seeking care in the Rutshuru Health Zone in North Kivu Province. All patients were negative for filoviruses by PCR. Intial screening by indirect ELISA found that 30 people were reactive to EBOV-rGP. Results were supported by detection of ebolavirus reactive linear peptides using the Serochip platform. Differential screening of all reactive serum samples against the rGP of all six ebolaviruses and Marburg virus (MARV) showed that 29 people exhibited the strongest reactivity to EBOV and one to Bombali virus (BOMV), and western blotting confirmed results. Titers ranged from 1:100 to 1:12,800. Although both sexes and all ages tested positive for antibodies, women were significantly more likely to be positive and the majority of positives were in February 2018. CONCLUSIONS We provide the first documented evidence of exposure to Ebola virus in people in eastern DRC. We detected antibodies to EBOV in 10% of febrile patients seeking healthcare prior to the declaration of the 2018-2020 outbreak, suggesting early cases may have been missed or exposure ocurred without associated illness. We also report the first known detection of antibodies to BOMV, previously detected in bats in West and East Africa, and show that human exposure to BOMV has occurred. Our data suggest human exposure to ebolaviruses may be more frequent and geographically widespread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Goldstein
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Manjunatha N. Belaganahalli
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Eddy K. Syaluha
- Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project Inc, Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean-Paul K. Lukusa
- Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project Inc, Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Denise J. Greig
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Simon J. Anthony
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY USA
| | - Alexandre Tremeau-Bravard
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Riddhi Thakkar
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Adrian Caciula
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Nischay Mishra
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - W. Ian Lipkin
- Center for Infection and Immunity, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Jasjeet K. Dhanota
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Brett R. Smith
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Victoria M. Ontiveros
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Nistara Randhawa
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Michael Cranfield
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
- Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project Inc, Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Christine K. Johnson
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
| | - Kirsten V. Gilardi
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
- Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project Inc, Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jonna A. K. Mazet
- One Health Institute & Karen C Drayer Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, California, USA
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