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Nkuba-Ndaye A, Dilu-Keti A, Tovar-Sanchez T, Diallo MSK, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Kitenge R, Formenty P, Legand A, Edidi-Atani F, Thaurignac G, Pelloquin R, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Toure A, Ayouba A, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Delaporte E, Peeters M, Ahuka-Mundeke S. Effect of anti-Ebola virus monoclonal antibodies on endogenous antibody production in survivors of Ebola virus disease in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: an observational cohort study. Lancet Infect Dis 2024; 24:266-274. [PMID: 38043556 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of specific anti-Ebola virus therapy, especially monoclonal antibodies, has improved survival in patients with Ebola virus disease. We aimed to assess the effect of monoclonal antibodies on anti-Ebola virus antibody responses in survivors of the 2018-20 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. METHODS In this observational prospective cohort study, participants were enrolled at three Ebola survivor clinics in Beni, Mangina, and Butembo (Democratic Republic of the Congo). Eligible children and adults notified as survivors of Ebola virus disease (ie, who had confirmed Ebola virus disease [RT-PCR positive in blood sample] and were subsequently declared recovered from the virus [RT-PCR negative in blood sample] with a certificate of recovery from Ebola virus disease issued by an Ebola treatment centre) during the 2018-20 Ebola virus disease outbreak were invited to participate in the study. Participants were recruited on discharge from Ebola treatment centres and followed up for 12-18 months depending on recruitment date. Routine follow-up assessments were done at 1, 3, 6, and 12-18 months after inclusion. We collected sociodemographic (age, sex, visit site), clinical (anti-Ebola virus drugs), and laboratory data (RT-PCR and Ct values). The primary outcome was the antibody concentrations against Ebola virus glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, and 40-kDa viral protein antigens over time assessed in all participants. Antibody concentrations were measured by the multiplex immunoassay, and the association between anti-Ebola virus antibody levels and the relevant exposures, such as anti-Ebola virus disease drugs (ansuvimab, REGN-EB3, ZMapp, or remdesivir), was assessed using both linear and logistic mixed regression models. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04409405. FINDINGS Between April 16, 2020, and Oct 18, 2021, 1168 survivors were invited to participate in the Les Vainqueurs d'Ebola cohort study. 787 survivors were included in the study, of whom 358 had data available for antibody responses. 85 (24%) of 358 were seronegative for at least two Ebola virus antigens on discharge from the Ebola treatment centre. The antibody response over time fluctuated but a continuous decrease in an overall linear evolution was observed. Quantitative modelling showed a decrease in nucleoprotein, glycoprotein, and VP-40 antibody concentrations over time (p<0·0001) with the fastest decrease observed for glycoprotein. The probability of being seropositive for at least two antigens after 36 months was 53·6% (95% CI 51·6-55·6) for participants who received ansuvimab, 73·5% (71·5-75·5) for participants who received REGN-EB3, 76·8% (74·8-78·8) for participants who received remdesivir, and 78·5% (76·5-80·5) for participants who received ZMapp. INTERPRETATION Almost a quarter of survivors were seronegative on discharge from the Ebola treatment centre and antibody concentrations decreased rapidly over time. These results indicate that monoclonal antibodies might negatively affect the production of anti-Ebola virus antibodies in survivors of Ebola virus disease which could increase the risk of reinfection or reactivation. FUNDING The French National Agency for AIDS Research-Emergent Infectious Diseases-The French National Institute of Health and Medical Research, the French National Research Institute for Development, and the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership. TRANSLATION For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France.
| | - Angele Dilu-Keti
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Tamara Tovar-Sanchez
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France; Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea; Department of Infectious Diseases, Donka National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Richard Kitenge
- Programme National de Soins et de Suivi des Personnes Guéries, Ministère de Santé Publique, city, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Anaïs Legand
- Health Emergencies Program, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François Edidi-Atani
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Raphael Pelloquin
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Placide Mbala-Kingebeni
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Abdoulaye Toure
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea; Department of Infectious Diseases, Donka National Hospital, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France; Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Rakotomalala FA, Bouillin J, Randriarimanana SD, Thaurignac G, Maharavo L, Raberahona M, Razafindrakoto L, Rasoanarivo J, Rakoto-Andrianarivelo M, Rakoto DAD, Babin FX, Rasamoelina T, Delaporte E, Samison LH, Peeters M, Nerrienet E, Ayouba A. High Seroprevalence of IgG Antibodies to Multiple Arboviruses in People Living with HIV (PLWHIV) in Madagascar. Viruses 2023; 15:2258. [PMID: 38005934 PMCID: PMC10674502 DOI: 10.3390/v15112258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To estimate the prevalence of IgG antibodies against six arboviruses in people living with HIV-1 (PLWHIV) in Madagascar, we tested samples collected between January 2018 and June 2021. We used a Luminex-based serological assay to detect IgG antibodies against antigens from Dengue virus serotypes 1-4 (DENV1-4), Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and O'nyong nyong virus (ONNV). Of the 1036 samples tested, IgG antibody prevalence was highest for ONNV (28.4%), CHIKV (26.7%), WNV-NS1 (27.1%), DENV1 (12.4%), USUV (9.9%), and DENV3 (8.9%). ZIKV (4.9%), DENV2 (4.6%), WNV-D3 (5.1%), and DENV4 (1.4%) were lower. These rates varied by province of origin, with the highest rates observed in Toamasina, on the eastern coast (50.5% and 56.8%, for CHIKV and ONNV, respectively). The seroprevalence increased with age for DENV1 and 3 (p = 0.006 and 0.038, respectively) and WNV DIII (p = 0.041). The prevalence of IgG antibodies against any given arborvirus varied over the year and significantly correlated with rainfalls in the different areas (r = 0.61, p = 0.036). Finally, we found a significant correlation between the seroprevalence of antibodies against CHIKV and ONNV and the HIV-1 RNA plasma viral load. Thus, PLWHIV in Madagascar are highly exposed to various arboviruses. Further studies are needed to explain some of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fetra Angelot Rakotomalala
- Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; (F.A.R.); (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (M.R.-A.); (T.R.); (L.H.S.)
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (J.B.); (G.T.); (E.D.); (M.P.)
- Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de l’Environnement, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | - Julie Bouillin
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (J.B.); (G.T.); (E.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Santatriniaina Dauphin Randriarimanana
- Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; (F.A.R.); (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (M.R.-A.); (T.R.); (L.H.S.)
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (J.B.); (G.T.); (E.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Luca Maharavo
- Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; (F.A.R.); (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (M.R.-A.); (T.R.); (L.H.S.)
- Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de l’Environnement, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | - Mihaja Raberahona
- Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hôspitalier Universitaire Joseph Raseta de Befelatanana, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | - Lucien Razafindrakoto
- Service de Pneumo-Phtisiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Analakininina, Toamasina 501, Madagascar;
| | - Jasmina Rasoanarivo
- Secrétariat Exécutif du Comité National de la Lutte Contre le SIDA, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | - Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo
- Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; (F.A.R.); (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (M.R.-A.); (T.R.); (L.H.S.)
| | - Danielle Aurore Doll Rakoto
- Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Vie et de l’Environnement, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar;
| | | | - Tahinamandranto Rasamoelina
- Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; (F.A.R.); (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (M.R.-A.); (T.R.); (L.H.S.)
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (J.B.); (G.T.); (E.D.); (M.P.)
| | - Luc Hervé Samison
- Centre d’Infectiologie Charles Mérieux, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar; (F.A.R.); (S.D.R.); (L.M.); (M.R.-A.); (T.R.); (L.H.S.)
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (J.B.); (G.T.); (E.D.); (M.P.)
| | | | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (J.B.); (G.T.); (E.D.); (M.P.)
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Peeters M, Champagne M, Ndong Bass I, Goumou S, Ndimbo Kumugo SP, Lacroix A, Esteban A, Meta Djomsi D, Soumah AK, Mbala Kingebeni P, Mba Djonzo FA, Lempu G, Thaurignac G, Mpoudi Ngole E, Kouanfack C, Mukadi Bamuleka D, Likofata J, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, De Nys H, Capelle J, Toure A, Delaporte E, Keita AK, Ahuka Mundeke S, Ayouba A. Extensive Survey and Analysis of Factors Associated with Presence of Antibodies to Orthoebolaviruses in Bats from West and Central Africa. Viruses 2023; 15:1927. [PMID: 37766333 PMCID: PMC10536003 DOI: 10.3390/v15091927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The seroprevalence to orthoebolaviruses was studied in 9594 bats (5972 frugivorous and 3622 insectivorous) from Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Guinea, with a Luminex-based serological assay including recombinant antigens of four orthoebolavirus species. Seroprevalence is expressed as a range according to different cut-off calculations. Between 6.1% and 18.9% bat samples reacted with at least one orthoebolavirus antigen; the highest reactivity was seen with Glycoprotein (GP) antigens. Seroprevalence varied per species and was higher in frugivorous than insectivorous bats; 9.1-27.5% versus 1.3-4.6%, respectively. Seroprevalence in male (13.5%) and female (14.4%) bats was only slightly different and was higher in adults (14.9%) versus juveniles (9.4%) (p < 0.001). Moreover, seroprevalence was highest in subadults (45.4%) when compared to mature adults (19.2%), (p < 0.001). Our data suggest orthoebolavirus circulation is highest in young bats. More long-term studies are needed to identify birthing pulses for the different bat species in diverse geographic regions and to increase the chances of detecting viral RNA in order to document the genetic diversity of filoviruses in bats and their pathogenic potential for humans. Frugivorous bats seem more likely to be reservoirs of orthoebolaviruses, but the role of insectivorous bats has also to be further examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Maëliss Champagne
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Innocent Ndong Bass
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Emergentes et Réémergentes (CREMER), Yaounde P.O. Box 1857, Cameroon; (I.N.B.); (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Souana Goumou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.T.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Simon-Pierre Ndimbo Kumugo
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (S.-P.N.K.); (P.M.K.); (G.L.); (D.M.B.); (J.-J.M.T.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Audrey Lacroix
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Amandine Esteban
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Dowbiss Meta Djomsi
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Emergentes et Réémergentes (CREMER), Yaounde P.O. Box 1857, Cameroon; (I.N.B.); (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Abdoul Karim Soumah
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.T.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Placide Mbala Kingebeni
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (S.-P.N.K.); (P.M.K.); (G.L.); (D.M.B.); (J.-J.M.T.); (S.A.M.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Flaubert Auguste Mba Djonzo
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Emergentes et Réémergentes (CREMER), Yaounde P.O. Box 1857, Cameroon; (I.N.B.); (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Guy Lempu
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (S.-P.N.K.); (P.M.K.); (G.L.); (D.M.B.); (J.-J.M.T.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Eitel Mpoudi Ngole
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Emergentes et Réémergentes (CREMER), Yaounde P.O. Box 1857, Cameroon; (I.N.B.); (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Charles Kouanfack
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Emergentes et Réémergentes (CREMER), Yaounde P.O. Box 1857, Cameroon; (I.N.B.); (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (C.K.)
| | - Daniel Mukadi Bamuleka
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (S.-P.N.K.); (P.M.K.); (G.L.); (D.M.B.); (J.-J.M.T.); (S.A.M.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jacques Likofata
- Laboratoire Provincial de Mbandaka, Equateur, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (S.-P.N.K.); (P.M.K.); (G.L.); (D.M.B.); (J.-J.M.T.); (S.A.M.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Helene De Nys
- Astre, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; (H.D.N.); (J.C.)
- Astre, CIRAD, 6 Lanark Road, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Julien Capelle
- Astre, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France; (H.D.N.); (J.C.)
| | - Abdoulaye Toure
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.T.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
| | - Alpha Kabinet Keita
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (A.T.); (A.K.K.)
| | - Steve Ahuka Mundeke
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (S.-P.N.K.); (P.M.K.); (G.L.); (D.M.B.); (J.-J.M.T.); (S.A.M.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (A.E.); (G.T.); (E.D.)
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Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Baketana LK, Ndomba-Mukanya E, Bouillin J, Thaurignac G, Aziza AA, Luakanda-Ndelemo G, Nuñez NF, Kalonji-Mukendi T, Pukuta ES, Nkuba-Ndaye A, Lofiko EL, Kibungu EM, Lushima RS, Ayouba A, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Delaporte E, Peeters M, Ahuka-Mundeke S. Use of Mpox Multiplex Serology in the Identification of Cases and Outbreak Investigations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Pathogens 2023; 12:916. [PMID: 37513764 PMCID: PMC10385798 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Mpox cases are increasingly reported in Africa, with the highest burden in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). While case reporting on a clinical basis can overestimate infection rates, laboratory confirmation by PCR can underestimate them, especially on suboptimal samples like blood, commonly used in DRC. Here we used a Luminex-based assay to evaluate whether antibody testing can be complementary to confirm cases and to identify human transmission chains during outbreak investigations. We used left-over blood samples from 463 patients, collected during 174 outbreaks between 2013 and 2022, with corresponding Mpox and VZV PCR results. In total, 157 (33.9%) samples were orthopox-PCR positive and classified as Mpox+; 124 (26.8%) had antibodies to at least one of the three Mpox peptides. The proportion of antibody positive samples was significantly higher in Mpox positive samples (36.9%) versus negative (21.6%) (p < 0.001). By combining PCR and serology, 66 additional patients were identified, leading to an Mpox infection rate of 48.2% (223/463) versus 33.9% when only PCR positivity is considered. Mpox infections were as such identified in 14 additional health zones and 23 additional outbreaks (111/174 (63.8%) versus 88/174 (50.6%)). Our findings highlight the urgent need of rapid on-site diagnostics to circumvent Mpox spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa P.O. Box 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Lionel Kinzonzi Baketana
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Etienne Ndomba-Mukanya
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Julie Bouillin
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Adrienne Amuri Aziza
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gradi Luakanda-Ndelemo
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nicolas Fernandez Nuñez
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi
- Programme National de Lutte Contre le Monkeypox et les Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales, Ministère de la Santé (PNLMPX-FHV), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Elisabeth Simbu Pukuta
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa P.O. Box 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emmanuel Lokilo Lofiko
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emile Malembi Kibungu
- Programme National de Lutte Contre le Monkeypox et les Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales, Ministère de la Santé (PNLMPX-FHV), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Robert Shongo Lushima
- Programme National de Lutte Contre le Monkeypox et les Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales, Ministère de la Santé (PNLMPX-FHV), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Placide Mbala-Kingebeni
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa P.O. Box 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe-Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa P.O. Box 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier (UM), French Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), French National Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), 34394 Montpellier, France
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Service de Microbiologie, Département de Biologie Médicale, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa (CUK), Université de Kinshasa (UNIKIN), Kinshasa P.O. Box 127, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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5
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Houngbégnon P, Nouatin O, Yadouléton A, Hounkpatin B, Fievet N, Atindégla E, Dechavanne S, Guichet E, Ayouba A, Pelloquin R, Maman D, Thaurignac G, Peeters M, Aviansou A, Sourakafou S, Delaporte E, Massougbodji A, Cottrell G. Interest of seroprevalence surveys for the epidemiological surveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in African populations: Insights from the ARIACOV project in Benin. Trop Med Int Health 2023. [PMID: 37243412 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys since the end of 2020 have disqualified the first misconception that Africa had been spared by the pandemic. Through the analysis of three SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys carried out in Benin as part of the ARIACOV project, we argue that the integration of epidemiological serosurveillance of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in the national surveillance packages would be of great use to refine the understanding of the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. METHODS We carried out three repeated cross-sectional surveys in Benin: two in Cotonou, the economic capital in March and May 2021, and one in Natitingou, a semi-rural city in the north of the country in August 2021. Total and weighted-by-age-group seroprevalences were estimated and the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS In Cotonou, a slight increase in overall age-standardised SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence from 29.77% (95% CI: 23.12%-37.41%) at the first survey to 34.86% (95% CI: 31.57%-38.30%) at the second survey was observed. In Natitingou, the globally adjusted seroprevalence was 33.34% (95% CI: 27.75%-39.44%). A trend of high risk for SARS-CoV 2 seropositivity was observed in adults over 40 versus the young (less than 18 years old) during the first survey in Cotonou but no longer in the second survey. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that, however, rapid organisation of preventive measures aimed at breaking the chains of transmission, they were ultimately unable to prevent a wide spread of the virus in the population. Routine serological surveillance on strategic sentinel sites and/or populations could constitute a cost-effective compromise to better anticipate the onset of new waves and define public health strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Odilon Nouatin
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Anges Yadouléton
- Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales et des Arbovirus du Bénin, Ministère de la Santé, Cotonou, Benin
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, Université Nationale des Sciences Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | | | - Nadine Fievet
- Université de Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Eloïc Atindégla
- Institut de Recherche Clinique du Bénin, Abomey-Calavi, Benin
| | - Sébastien Dechavanne
- Université de Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, MERIT, Paris, France
| | - Emilande Guichet
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Raphaël Pelloquin
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Gilles Cottrell
- Université de Paris Cité, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, MERIT, Paris, France
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6
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Diallo MSK, Amougou-Atsama M, Ayouba A, Kpamou C, Mimbe Taze ED, Thaurignac G, Diallo H, Lamare NB, Bouillin J, Soumah AK, Noah SA, Guichet E, Keita AK, Varloteaux M, Peeters M, Bissek ACZK, Toure A, Delaporte E, Kouanfack C. Large Diffusion of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 After the Successive Epidemiological Waves, Including Omicron, in Guinea and Cameroon: Implications for Vaccine Strategies. Open Forum Infect Dis 2023; 10:ofad216. [PMID: 37152188 PMCID: PMC10157752 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to estimate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence among the general population in Conakry, Guinea and Yaounde, Cameroon after the coronavirus disease 2019 Omicron wave. Methods We conducted population-based, age-stratified seroprevalence surveys in Conakry and Yaounde (May and June 2022). We collected demographic and epidemiologic information and dried blood spot samples that were tested for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies using recombinant nucleocapsid and spike proteins with Luminex technology. Results Samples were obtained from 1386 and 1425 participants in Guinea and Cameroon, respectively. The overall age-standardized SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence against spike and nucleocapsid proteins was 71.57% (95% confidence interval [CI], 67.48%-75.33%) in Guinea and 74.71% (95% CI, 71.99%-77.25%) in Cameroon. Seroprevalence increased significantly with age categories. Female participants were more likely than male participants to be seropositive. The seroprevalence in unvaccinated participants was 69.6% (95% CI, 65.5%-73.41%) in Guinea and 74.8% (95% CI, 72.04%-77.38%) in Cameroon. In multivariate analysis, only age, sex, and education were independently associated with seropositivity. Conclusions These findings show a high community transmission after the different epidemiological waves including Omicron, especially among people aged >40 years. In addition, our results suggest that the spread of SARS-CoV-2 has been underestimated as a significant proportion of the population has already contracted the virus and that vaccine strategies should focus on vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo
- Correspondence: Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo, MD, TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34934 Montpellier, France (); Eric Delaporte, MD, TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France ()
| | - Marie Amougou-Atsama
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Émergentes et Re-Emergentes, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France
| | - Cece Kpamou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Eric Donald Mimbe Taze
- French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Cameroon Site, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France
| | - Haby Diallo
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Nadine Boutgam Lamare
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Julie Bouillin
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France
| | - Abdoul Karim Soumah
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Sébastien Awono Noah
- French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Cameroon Site, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Emilande Guichet
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France
| | - Alpha Kabinet Keita
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Varloteaux
- French National Agency for Research on AIDS and Infectious Diseases, Cameroon Site, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne-Cécile Zoung-Kanyi Bissek
- Centre de Recherche sur les Maladies Émergentes et Re-Emergentes, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Division of Operational Research in Health, Ministry of Public Health of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | - Eric Delaporte
- Correspondence: Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo, MD, TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, 911 Avenue Agropolis, 34934 Montpellier, France (); Eric Delaporte, MD, TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier, Inserm, Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, Montpellier, France ()
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7
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Soumah AA, Diallo MSK, Guichet E, Maman D, Thaurignac G, Keita AK, Bouillin J, Diallo H, Pelloquin R, Ayouba A, Kpamou C, Peeters M, Delaporte E, Etard JF, Toure A. High and Rapid Increase in Seroprevalence for SARS-CoV-2 in Conakry, Guinea: Results From 3 Successive Cross-Sectional Surveys (ANRS COV16-ARIACOV). Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac152. [PMID: 35493112 PMCID: PMC8992319 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted 3 successive seroprevalence surveys, 3 months apart, using multistage cluster sampling to measure the extent and dynamics of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 epidemic in Conakry, the capital city of Guinea. Seroprevalence increased from 17.3% (95% CI, 12.4%-23.8%) in December 2020 during the first survey (S1) to 28.9% (95% CI, 25.6%-32.4%) in March/April 2021 (S2), then to 42.4% (95% CI, 39.5%-45.3%) in June 2021 (S3). This significant overall trend of increasing seroprevalence (P < .0001) was also significant in every age class, illustrating a sustained transmission within the whole community. These data may contribute to defining cost-effective response strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abou Aissata Soumah
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Emilande Guichet
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Alpha Kabinet Keita
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Bouillin
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Haby Diallo
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Raphael Pelloquin
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Cece Kpamou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Francois Etard
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les Maladies Infectieuses (TransVIHMI), University of Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier, France
| | - Abdoulaye Toure
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
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Ndongo FA, Guichet E, Mimbé ED, Ndié J, Pelloquin R, Varloteaux M, Esemu L, Mpoudi-Etame M, Lamare N, Edoul G, Wouambo RK, Djomsi DM, Tongo M, Tabala FN, Dongmo RK, Diallo MSK, Bouillin J, Thaurignac G, Ayouba A, Peeters M, Delaporte E, Bissek ACZK, Mpoudi-Ngolé E. Rapid Increase of Community SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence during Second Wave of COVID-19, Yaoundé, Cameroon. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1233-1236. [PMID: 35470795 PMCID: PMC9155890 DOI: 10.3201/eid2806.212580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
We conducted 2 independent population-based SARS-CoV-2 serosurveys in Yaoundé, Cameroon, during January 27–February 6 and April 24–May 19, 2021. Overall age-standardized SARS-CoV-2 IgG seroprevalence increased from 18.6% in the first survey to 51.3% in the second (p<0.001). This finding illustrates high community transmission during the second wave of COVID-19.
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9
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Djomsi DM, Mba Djonzo FA, Ndong Bass I, Champagne M, Lacroix A, Thaurignac G, Esteban A, De Nys H, Bourgarel M, Akoachere JF, Delaporte E, Ayouba A, Cappelle J, Mpoudi Ngole E, Peeters M. Dynamics of Antibodies to Ebolaviruses in an Eidolon helvum Bat Colony in Cameroon. Viruses 2022; 14:v14030560. [PMID: 35336967 PMCID: PMC8951055 DOI: 10.3390/v14030560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ecology of ebolaviruses is still poorly understood and the role of bats in outbreaks needs to be further clarified. Straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) are the most common fruit bats in Africa and antibodies to ebolaviruses have been documented in this species. Between December 2018 and November 2019, samples were collected at approximately monthly intervals in roosting and feeding sites from 820 bats from an Eidolon helvum colony. Dried blood spots (DBS) were tested for antibodies to Zaire, Sudan, and Bundibugyo ebolaviruses. The proportion of samples reactive with GP antigens increased significantly with age from 0–9/220 (0–4.1%) in juveniles to 26–158/225 (11.6–70.2%) in immature adults and 10–225/372 (2.7–60.5%) in adult bats. Antibody responses were lower in lactating females. Viral RNA was not detected in 456 swab samples collected from 152 juvenile and 214 immature adult bats. Overall, our study shows that antibody levels increase in young bats suggesting that seroconversion to Ebola or related viruses occurs in older juvenile and immature adult bats. Multiple year monitoring would be needed to confirm this trend. Knowledge of the periods of the year with the highest risk of Ebolavirus circulation can guide the implementation of strategies to mitigate spill-over events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dowbiss Meta Djomsi
- Laboratoire de Virologie-Cremer, Institut de Recherches Médicales et d’Études des Plantes Médicinales (IMPM), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon; (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (I.N.B.)
| | - Flaubert Auguste Mba Djonzo
- Laboratoire de Virologie-Cremer, Institut de Recherches Médicales et d’Études des Plantes Médicinales (IMPM), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon; (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (I.N.B.)
| | - Innocent Ndong Bass
- Laboratoire de Virologie-Cremer, Institut de Recherches Médicales et d’Études des Plantes Médicinales (IMPM), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon; (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (I.N.B.)
| | - Maëliss Champagne
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Audrey Lacroix
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Amandine Esteban
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Helene De Nys
- ASTRE, CIRAD, Harare, Zimbabwe; (H.D.N.); (M.B.)
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Bourgarel
- ASTRE, CIRAD, Harare, Zimbabwe; (H.D.N.); (M.B.)
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRAE, University of Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | - Jane-Francis Akoachere
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon; (J.-F.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Julien Cappelle
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon; (J.-F.A.); (J.C.)
| | - Eitel Mpoudi Ngole
- Laboratoire de Virologie-Cremer, Institut de Recherches Médicales et d’Études des Plantes Médicinales (IMPM), Yaoundé P.O. Box 13033, Cameroon; (D.M.D.); (F.A.M.D.); (I.N.B.)
| | - Martine Peeters
- Transvihmi, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), University of Montpellier, Inserm, 34394 Montpellier, France; (M.C.); (A.L.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Nkuba-Ndaye A, Mukadi-Bamuleka D, Bulabula-Penge J, Thaurignac G, Edidi-Atani F, Mambu-Mbika F, Danga-Yema B, Matondo-Kuamfumu M, Kinganda-Lusamaki E, Bisento N, Lumembe-Numbi R, Kabamba-Lungenyi G, Kitsa-Mutsumbirwa D, Kambale-Sivihwa N, Boillot F, Delaporte E, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Ayouba A, Peeters M, Ahuka-Mundeke S. Added value of an anti-Ebola serology for the management of clinically suspect Ebola virus disease patients discharged as negative in an epidemic context. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:352-356. [PMID: 35176762 PMCID: PMC9400424 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Survivors from Ebola virus disease (EVD) may be at the origin of EVD resurgence. Methods Simultaneous reactivity to at least 2 Ebola virus or Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) antigens was detected in 11 of 488 (2.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–4.0) suspected EVD patients who were discharged as negative after 2 consecutive negative tests during the 10th Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Results After extrapolating the total number of individuals discharged as negative during the entire outbreak, we estimated a total of 1314 additional missed Ebola cases. Conclusions These findings emphasize the usefulness of an EBOV serology analysis and the importance of extending epidemic surveillance to clinically suspected cases who were discharged as negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Nkuba-Ndaye
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.,Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Junior Bulabula-Penge
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - François Edidi-Atani
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Fabrice Mambu-Mbika
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bernice Danga-Yema
- Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Meris Matondo-Kuamfumu
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France.,Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nella Bisento
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Raphaël Lumembe-Numbi
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gabriel Kabamba-Lungenyi
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Divine Kitsa-Mutsumbirwa
- Laboratoire mobile pour MVE, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Butembo, Nord-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nelson Kambale-Sivihwa
- Laboratoire mobile pour MVE, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Beni, Nord-Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | | | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Placide Mbala-Kingebeni
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Montpellier/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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11
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Diallo MSK, Ayouba A, Keita AK, Thaurignac G, Sow MS, Kpamou C, Barry TA, Msellati P, Etard JF, Peeters M, Ecochard R, Delaporte E, Toure A, Ayouba A, Baize S, Bangoura K, Barry A, Barry M, Cissé M, Cissé M, Delaporte E, Delfraissy JF, Delmas C, Desclaux A, Diallo SB, Diallo MS, Diallo MS, Étard JF, Etienne C, Faye O, Fofana I, Granouillac B, Izard S, Kassé D, Keita AK, Keita S, Koivogui L, Kpamou C, Lacarabaratz C, Leroy S, Marchal CL, Levy Y, Magassouba N, March L, Mendiboure V, Msellati P, Niane H, Peeters M, Pers YM, Raoul H, Sacko SL, Savané I, Sow MS, Taverne B, Touré A, Traoré FA, Traoré F, Youla Y, Yazdanpanah Y. Temporal evolution of the humoral antibody response after Ebola virus disease in Guinea: a 60-month observational prospective cohort study. The Lancet Microbe 2021; 2:e676-e684. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(21)00170-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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12
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Nkuba AN, Makiala SM, Guichet E, Tshiminyi PM, Bazitama YM, Yambayamba MK, Kazenza BM, Kabeya TM, Matungulu EB, Baketana LK, Mitongo NM, Thaurignac G, Leendertz FH, Vanlerberghe V, Pelloquin R, Etard JF, Maman D, Mbala PK, Ayouba A, Peeters M, Muyembe JJT, Delaporte E, Ahuka SM. High prevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after the first wave of COVID-19 in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: results of a cross-sectional household-based survey. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 74:882-890. [PMID: 34089598 PMCID: PMC8244674 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In October 2020, after the first wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), only 8290 confirmed cases were reported in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, but the real prevalence remains unknown. To guide public health policies, we aimed to describe the prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the general population in Kinshasa. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional, household-based serosurvey between 22 October 2020 and 8 November 2020. Participants were interviewed at home and tested for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in a Luminex-based assay. A positive serology was defined as a sample that reacted with both SARS-CoV-2 proteins (100% sensitivity, 99.7% specificity). The overall weighted, age-standardized prevalence was estimated and the infection-to-case ratio was calculated to determine the proportion of undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections. Results A total of 1233 participants from 292 households were included (mean age, 32.4 years; 764 [61.2%] women). The overall weighted, age-standardized SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 16.6% (95% CI: 14.0–19.5%). The estimated infection-to-case ratio was 292:1. Prevalence was higher among participants ≥40 years than among those <18 years (21.2% vs 14.9%, respectively; P < .05). It was also higher in participants who reported hospitalization than among those who did not (29.8% vs 16.0%, respectively; P < .05). However, differences were not significant in the multivariate model (P = .1). Conclusions The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 is much higher than the number of COVID-19 cases reported. These results justify the organization of a sequential series of serosurveys by public health authorities to adapt response measures to the dynamics of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine N Nkuba
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Sheila M Makiala
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emilande Guichet
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Paul M Tshiminyi
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Yannick M Bazitama
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Center for Zoonosis Control, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Marc K Yambayamba
- Département d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kinshasa
| | - Benito M Kazenza
- Département de Nutrition, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université de Kinshasa
| | - Trésor M Kabeya
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Elysee B Matungulu
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Lionel K Baketana
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Naomi M Mitongo
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabian H Leendertz
- Epidemiology of Highly Pathogenic Microorganisms Project Group, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany
| | - Veerle Vanlerberghe
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Public Health, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Raphaël Pelloquin
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Etard
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France.,Epigreen, Paris, France
| | | | - Placide K Mbala
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Jacques T Muyembe
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Steve M Ahuka
- Département de Virologie, Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo.,Département de Biologie Médicale, Université de Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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13
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Lacroix A, Mbala Kingebeni P, Ndimbo Kumugo SP, Lempu G, Butel C, Serrano L, Vidal N, Thaurignac G, Esteban A, Mukadi Bamuleka D, Likofata J, Delaporte E, Muyembe Tamfum JJ, Ayouba A, Peeters M, Ahuka Mundeke S. Investigating the Circulation of Ebola Viruses in Bats during the Ebola Virus Disease Outbreaks in the Equateur and North Kivu Provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2018. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10050557. [PMID: 34064424 PMCID: PMC8147758 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10050557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With 12 of the 31 outbreaks, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is highly affected by Ebolavirus disease (EVD). To better understand the role of bats in the ecology of Ebola viruses, we conducted surveys in bats during two recent EVD outbreaks and in two areas with previous outbreaks. Dried blood spots were tested for antibodies to ebolaviruses and oral and rectal swabs were screened for the presence of filovirus using a broadly reactive semi-nested RT-PCR. Between 2018 and 2020, 892 (88.6%) frugivorous and 115 (11.4%) insectivorous bats were collected. Overall, 11/925 (1.2%) to 100/925 (10.8%) bats showed antibodies to at least one Ebolavirus antigen depending on the positivity criteria. Antibodies were detected in fruit bats from the four sites and from species previously documented to harbor Ebola antibodies or RNA. We tested for the first time a large number of bats during ongoing EVD outbreaks in DRC, but no viral RNA was detected in the 676 sampled bats. Our study illustrates the difficulty to document the role of bats as a source of Ebolaviruses as they might clear quickly the virus. Given the increasing frequency of EVD outbreaks, more studies on the animal reservoir are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Lacroix
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Placide Mbala Kingebeni
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (P.M.K.); (S.P.N.K.); (G.L.); (J.-J.M.T.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Simon Pierre Ndimbo Kumugo
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (P.M.K.); (S.P.N.K.); (G.L.); (J.-J.M.T.)
| | - Guy Lempu
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (P.M.K.); (S.P.N.K.); (G.L.); (J.-J.M.T.)
| | - Christelle Butel
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Laetitia Serrano
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Nicole Vidal
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Amandine Esteban
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Daniel Mukadi Bamuleka
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Goma, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jacques Likofata
- Laboratoire Provincial de Mbandaka, Equateur, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Jean-Jacques Muyembe Tamfum
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (P.M.K.); (S.P.N.K.); (G.L.); (J.-J.M.T.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI (Recherches Translationnelles sur VIH et Maladies Infectieuses), Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (C.B.); (L.S.); (N.V.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (E.D.); (A.A.)
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Steve Ahuka Mundeke
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo; (P.M.K.); (S.P.N.K.); (G.L.); (J.-J.M.T.)
- Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, 1197 Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
- Correspondence: (M.P.); (S.A.M.)
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14
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Raulino R, Thaurignac G, Butel C, Villabona-Arenas CJ, Foe T, Loul S, Ndimbo-Kumugo SP, Mbala-Kingebeni P, Makiala-Mandanda S, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Kerkhof K, Delaporte E, Ariën KK, Foulongne V, Mpoudi Ngole E, Peeters M, Ayouba A. Multiplex detection of antibodies to Chikungunya, O'nyong-nyong, Zika, Dengue, West Nile and Usutu viruses in diverse non-human primate species from Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009028. [PMID: 33476338 PMCID: PMC7853492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemic arbovirus transmission occurs among humans by mosquito bites and the sylvatic transmission cycles involving non-human primates (NHPs) still exists. However, limited data are available on the extent in NHPs infections and their role. In this study, we have developed and validated a high-throughput serological screening tool to study the circulation of multiple arboviruses that represent a significant threat to human health, in NHPs in Central Africa. Methodology/Principal findings Recombinant proteins NS1, envelope domain-3 (DIII) for the dengue (DENV), yellow fever (YFV), usutu (USUV), west nile (WNV) and zika (ZIKV) and envelope 2 for the chikungunya (CHIKV) and o'nyong-nyong (ONNV) were coupled to Luminex beads to detect IgG directed against these viruses. Evaluation of test performance was made using 161 human sera of known arboviral status (66 negative and 95 positive). The sensitivity and specificity of each antigen were determined by statistical methods and ROC curves (except for ONNV and USUV). All NS1 antigens (except NS1-YFV), CHIKV-E2 and WNV-DIII had sensitivities and specificities > 95%. For the other DIII antigens, the sensitivity was low, limiting the interest of their use for seroprevalence studies. Few simultaneous reactions were observed between the CHIKV+ samples and the NS1 antigens to the non-CHIKV arboviruses. On the other hand, the DENV+ samples crossed-reacted with NS1 of all the DENV serotypes (1 to 4), as well as with ZIKV, USUV and to a lesser extent with YFV. A total of 3,518 samples of 29 species of NHPs from Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) were tested against NS1 (except YFV), E2 (CHIKV/ONNV) and DIII (WNV) antigens. In monkeys (n = 2,100), the global prevalence varied between 2 and 5% for the ten antigens tested. When we stratified by monkey’s biotope, the arboreal species showed the highest reactivity. In monkeys from Cameroon, the highest IgG prevalence were observed against ONNV-E2 and DENV2-NS1 with 3.95% and 3.40% respectively and in DRC, ONNV-E2 (6.63%) and WNV-NS1 (4.42%). Overall prevalence was low in apes (n = 1,418): ranging from 0% for USUV-NS1 to 2.6% for CHIKV-E2. However, a very large disparity was observed among collection site and ape species, e.g. 18% (9/40) and 8.2% (4/49) of gorillas were reactive with CHIKV-E2 or WNV-NS1, respectively in two different sites in Cameroon. Conclusions/Significance We have developed a serological assay based on Luminex technology, with high specificity and sensitivity for simultaneous detection of antibodies to 10 antigens from 6 different arboviruses. This is the first study that evaluated on a large scale the presence of antibodies to arboviruses in NHPs to evaluate their role in sylvatic cycles. The overall low prevalence (<5%) in more than 3,500 NHPs samples from Cameroon and the DRC does not allow us to affirm that NHP are reservoirs, but rather, intermediate hosts of these viruses. In the last decades, chikungunya, zika, yellow fever, usutu and dengue viruses have (re)-emerged in different parts of the world and many of these outbreaks occur in resource-limited countries with limited or under-equipped health facilities and where endemic malaria with very similar clinical symptoms confounds surveillance. Most arboviruses that circulate today likely originated in Africa where sporadic human outbreaks occur. In this work, we developed a serological tool that allows simultaneous detection of IgG antibodies to multiple arbovirus in a biological sample. With this highly sensitive and specific multiplex assay, we screened more than 3,500 samples collected from 29 species of monkeys and apes in Africa. We found a global IgG antibody prevalence of less than 5%. However, this seroprevalence varied by collection site, NPHs species and virus type. Given these findings, we concluded that African non-human primates are most likely not the reservoirs, but rather are intermediate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Raulino
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Butel
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Christian Julian Villabona-Arenas
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Thomas Foe
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Severin Loul
- Centre de Recherches sur les Maladies Émergentes, Ré-émergentes et la Médecine Nucléaire, Institut de Recherches Médicales et D'études des Plantes Médicinales, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | | | | | | | - Steve Ahuka-Mundeke
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicales, Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo
| | - Karen Kerkhof
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Virology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Kevin K. Ariën
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Virology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Département de bactériologie-virologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eitel Mpoudi Ngole
- Centre de Recherches sur les Maladies Émergentes, Ré-émergentes et la Médecine Nucléaire, Institut de Recherches Médicales et D'études des Plantes Médicinales, Yaoundé, Cameroun
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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15
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Lacroix A, Vidal N, Keita AK, Thaurignac G, Esteban A, De Nys H, Diallo R, Toure A, Goumou S, Soumah AK, Povogui M, Koivogui J, Monemou JL, Raulino R, Nkuba A, Foulongne V, Delaporte E, Ayouba A, Peeters M. Wide Diversity of Coronaviruses in Frugivorous and Insectivorous Bat Species: A Pilot Study in Guinea, West Africa. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080855. [PMID: 32764506 PMCID: PMC7472279 DOI: 10.3390/v12080855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonoses can constitute a threat for public health that can have a global importance, as seen with the current COVID-19 pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV2). Bats have been recognized as an important reservoir of zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs). In West Africa, where there is a high diversity of bat species, little is known on the circulation of CoVs in these hosts, especially at the interface with human populations. In this study, in Guinea, we tested a total of 319 bats belonging to 14 genera and six families of insectivorous and frugivorous bats across the country, for the presence of coronaviruses. We found CoVs in 35 (11%) of the tested bats—in three insectivorous bat species and five fruit bat species that were mostly captured close to human habitat. Positivity rates varied from 5.7% to 100%, depending on bat species. A wide diversity of alpha and beta coronaviruses was found across the country, including three sequences belonging to SarbeCoVs and MerbeCoVs subgenera known to harbor highly pathogenic human coronaviruses. Our findings suggest that CoVs are widely spread in West Africa and their circulation should be assessed to evaluate the risk of exposure of potential zoonotic CoVs to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Lacroix
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Nicole Vidal
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Alpha K. Keita
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Amandine Esteban
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Hélène De Nys
- ASTRE, CIRAD, INRA, University of Montpellier, 34398 Montpellier, France;
- CIRAD, UMR ASTRE, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Ramadan Diallo
- Laboratoire Central de Diagnostic Vétérinaire, Ministère de l’Elevage et des Productions Animales, Conakry BP3982, Guinea;
| | - Abdoulaye Toure
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
- Institut National de Sante Publique (INSP), Conakry BP6623, Guinea
| | - Souana Goumou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
| | - Abdoul Karim Soumah
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
| | - Moriba Povogui
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
| | - Joel Koivogui
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
| | - Jean-Louis Monemou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Université Gamal Abder Nasser de Conakry, Conakry BP6629, Guinea; (S.G.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.); (J.K.); (J.-L.M.)
| | - Raisa Raulino
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Antoine Nkuba
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale and Service de Microbiologie, Cliniques Universitaires de Kinshasa, Gombe, Kinshasa P.O. Box 1197, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Département de Bacteriologie-Virologie, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France;
| | - Eric Delaporte
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (M.P.)
| | - Martine Peeters
- TransVIHMI, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34394 Montpellier, France; (A.L.); (N.V.); (A.K.K.); (G.T.); (A.E.); (A.T.); (R.R.); (A.N.); (E.D.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.); (M.P.)
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16
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Ayouba A, Thaurignac G, Morquin D, Tuaillon E, Raulino R, Nkuba A, Lacroix A, Vidal N, Foulongne V, Le Moing V, Reynes J, Delaporte E, Peeters M. Multiplex detection and dynamics of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 and the highly pathogenic human coronaviruses SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. J Clin Virol 2020; 129:104521. [PMID: 32623350 PMCID: PMC7308014 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge of the COVID-19 epidemic extent and the level of herd immunity is urgently needed to help manage this pandemic. METHODS We used a panel of 167 samples (77 pre-epidemic and 90 COVID-19 seroconverters) and SARS-CoV1, SARS-CoV2 and MERS-CoV Spike and/or Nucleopcapsid (NC) proteins to develop a high throughput multiplex screening assay to detect IgG antibodies in human plasma. Assay performances were determined by ROC curves analysis. A subset of the COVID-19+ samples (n = 36) were also tested by a commercial NC-based ELISA test and the results compared with those of the novel assay. RESULTS On samples collected ≥14 days after symptoms onset, the accuracy of the assay is 100 % (95 % CI: 100-100) for the Spike antigen and 99.9 % (95 % CI:99.7-100) for NC. By logistic regression, we estimated that 50 % of the patients have seroconverted at 5.7 ± 1.6; 5.7 ± 1.8 and 7.9 ± 1.0 days after symptoms onset against Spike, NC or both antigens, respectively and all have seroconverted two weeks after symptoms onset. IgG titration in a subset of samples showed that early phase samples present lower IgG titers than those from later phase. IgG to SARS-CoV2 NC cross-reacted at 100 % with SARS-CoV1 NC. Twenty-nine of the 36 (80.5 %) samples tested were positive by the commercial ELISA while 31/36 (86.1 %) were positive by the novel assay. CONCLUSIONS Our assay is highly sensitive and specific for the detection of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV2 proteins, suitable for high throughput epidemiological surveys. The novel assay is more sensitive than a commercial ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France.
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - David Morquin
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France; Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Edouard Tuaillon
- Pathogenesis and Control of Chronic Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Raisa Raulino
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Antoine Nkuba
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Audrey Lacroix
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Nicole Vidal
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Foulongne
- Département de bacteriologie-virologie, CHU de Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Le Moing
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France; Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Reynes
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France; Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France; Département de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et Maladies Infectieuses/INSERM U1175, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement et Université de Montpellier, France
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17
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Diallo MSK, Rabilloud M, Ayouba A, Touré A, Thaurignac G, Keita AK, Butel C, Kpamou C, Barry TA, Sall MD, Camara I, Leroy S, Msellati P, Ecochard R, Peeters M, Sow MS, Delaporte E, Etard JF. Prevalence of infection among asymptomatic and paucisymptomatic contact persons exposed to Ebola virus in Guinea: a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study. Lancet Infect Dis 2019; 19:308-316. [PMID: 30765243 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30649-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of Ebola virus infection among people who have been in contact with patients with Ebola virus disease remains unclear, but is essential to understand the dynamics of transmission. This study aimed to identify risk factors for seropositivity and to estimate the prevalence of Ebola virus infection in unvaccinated contact persons. METHODS In this retrospective, cross-sectional observational study, we recruited individuals between May 12, 2016, and Sept 8, 2017, who had been in physical contact with a patient with Ebola virus disease, from four medical centres in Guinea (Conakry, Macenta, N'zérékoré, and Forécariah). Contact persons had to be 7 years or older and not diagnosed with Ebola virus disease. Participants were selected through the Postebogui survivors' cohort. We collected self-reported information on exposure and occurrence of symptoms after exposure using a questionnaire, and tested antibody response against glycoprotein, nucleoprotein, and 40-kDa viral protein of Zaire Ebola virus by taking a blood sample. The prevalence of Ebola virus infection was estimated with a latent class model. FINDINGS 1721 contact persons were interviewed and given blood tests, 331 of whom reported a history of vaccination so were excluded, resulting in a study population of 1390. Symptoms were reported by 216 (16%) contact persons. The median age of participants was 26 years (range 7-88) and 682 (49%) were male. Seropositivity was identified in 18 (8·33%, 95% CI 5·01-12·80) of 216 paucisymptomatic contact persons and 39 (3·32%, 5·01-12·80) of 1174 (2-4) asymptomatic individuals (p=0·0021). Seropositivity increased with participation in burial rituals (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2·30, 95% CI 1·21-4·17; p=0·0079) and exposure to blood or vomit (aOR 2·15, 1·23-3·91; p=0·0090). Frequency of Ebola virus infection varied from 3·06% (95% CI 1·84-5·05) in asymptomatic contact persons who did not participate in burial rituals to 5·98% (2·81-8·18) in those who did, and from 7·17% (3·94-9·09) in paucisymptomatic contact persons who did not participate in burial rituals to 17·16% (12·42-22·31) among those who did. INTERPRETATION This study provides a new assessment of the prevalence of Ebola virus infection among contact persons according to exposure, provides evidence for the occurrence of paucisymptomatic cases, and reinforces the importance of closely monitoring at-risk contact persons. FUNDING Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Reacting, the French Ebola Task Force, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, and Montpellier University Of Excellence-University of Montpellier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamadou Saliou Kalifa Diallo
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Muriel Rabilloud
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Équipe Biostatistique Santé, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Abdoulaye Touré
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea; Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Alpha Kabinet Keita
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Christelle Butel
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cécé Kpamou
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Thierno Alimou Barry
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Mariama Djouldé Sall
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Ibrahima Camara
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Sandrine Leroy
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Msellati
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - René Ecochard
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France; Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive, Équipe Biostatistique Santé, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Martine Peeters
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Mamadou Saliou Sow
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée, Université Gamal Abdel Nasser de Conakry, Conakry, Guinea; Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpital National de Donka, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; University Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-François Etard
- Recherches translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
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De Nys HM, Kingebeni PM, Keita AK, Butel C, Thaurignac G, Villabona-Arenas CJ, Lemarcis T, Geraerts M, Vidal N, Esteban A, Bourgarel M, Roger F, Leendertz F, Diallo R, Ndimbo-Kumugo SP, Nsio-Mbeta J, Tagg N, Koivogui L, Toure A, Delaporte E, Ahuka-Mundeke S, Tamfum JJM, Mpoudi-Ngole E, Ayouba A, Peeters M. Survey of Ebola Viruses in Frugivorous and Insectivorous Bats in Guinea, Cameroon, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2015-2017. Emerg Infect Dis 2018; 24:2228-2240. [PMID: 30307845 PMCID: PMC6256401 DOI: 10.3201/eid2412.180740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the role of bats in the ecology of Ebola viruses, we assessed the prevalence of Ebola virus antibodies in a large-scale sample of bats collected during 2015–2017 from countries in Africa that have had previous Ebola outbreaks (Guinea, the Democratic Republic of the Congo) or are at high risk for outbreaks (Cameroon). We analyzed 4,022 blood samples of bats from >12 frugivorous and 27 insectivorous species; 2–37 (0.05%–0.92%) bats were seropositive for Zaire and 0–30 (0%–0.75%) bats for Sudan Ebola viruses. We observed Ebola virus antibodies in 1 insectivorous bat genus and 6 frugivorous bat species. Certain bat species widespread across Africa had serologic evidence of Zaire and Sudan Ebola viruses. No viral RNA was detected in the subset of samples tested (n = 665). Ongoing surveillance of bats and other potential animal reservoirs are required to predict and prepare for future outbreaks.
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19
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Keita AK, Butel C, Thaurignac G, Diallo A, Nioke T, Traoré F, Koivogui L, Peeters M, Delaporte E, Ayouba A. Serological Evidence of Ebola Virus Infection in Rural Guinea before the 2014 West African Epidemic Outbreak. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:425-427. [PMID: 29869602 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Questions remain as to whether an unnoticed Ebola outbreak occurred in Guinea before the 2014-2016 epidemic. To address this, we used a highly sensitive and specific Luminex-based assay for Ebola virus (EBOV) antibody detection to screen blood samples collected in the framework of the Demographic Health Survey performed in 2012 in Guinea. One sample (GF069) of 1,483 tested was positive at very high immunoglobulin G titer to Zaire EBOV in Guinée Forestière. Thus, at least 2 years before the 2014 EVD outbreak in Guinea, Zaire EBOV was circulating in rural areas of this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpha K Keita
- Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Infectiologie de Guinée (CERFIG), Conakry, Guinea.,OneHealth Laboratory, Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea.,Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD-UMI 233/INSERM U 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Christelle Butel
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD-UMI 233/INSERM U 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Guillaume Thaurignac
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD-UMI 233/INSERM U 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Talla Nioke
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Falaye Traoré
- Institut National de Santé Publique, Conakry, Guinea
| | | | - Martine Peeters
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD-UMI 233/INSERM U 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Delaporte
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD-UMI 233/INSERM U 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Ahidjo Ayouba
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD-UMI 233/INSERM U 1175, Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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