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Cuinat S, Bézieau S, Deb W, Mercier S, Vignard V, Isidor B, Küry S, Ebstein F. Understanding neurodevelopmental proteasomopathies as new rare disease entities: A review of current concepts, molecular biomarkers, and perspectives. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101130. [PMID: 39220754 PMCID: PMC11364055 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The recent advances in high throughput sequencing technology have drastically changed the practice of medical diagnosis, allowing for rapid identification of hundreds of genes causing human diseases. This unprecedented progress has made clear that most forms of intellectual disability that affect more than 3% of individuals worldwide are monogenic diseases. Strikingly, a substantial fraction of the mendelian forms of intellectual disability is associated with genes related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system, a highly conserved pathway made up of approximately 1200 genes involved in the regulation of protein homeostasis. Within this group is currently emerging a new class of neurodevelopmental disorders specifically caused by proteasome pathogenic variants which we propose to designate "neurodevelopmental proteasomopathies". Besides cognitive impairment, these diseases are typically associated with a series of syndromic clinical manifestations, among which facial dysmorphism, motor delay, and failure to thrive are the most prominent ones. While recent efforts have been made to uncover the effects exerted by proteasome variants on cell and tissue landscapes, the molecular pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental proteasomopathies remains ill-defined. In this review, we discuss the cellular changes typically induced by genomic alterations in proteasome genes and explore their relevance as biomarkers for the diagnosis, management, and potential treatment of these new rare disease entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvestre Cuinat
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Wallid Deb
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Sandra Mercier
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Virginie Vignard
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Sébastien Küry
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, Nantes F-44000, France
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
| | - Frédéric Ebstein
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, CNRS, INSERM, l'institut du thorax, Nantes F-44000, France
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2
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Kaizuka T, Takumi T. Alteration of synaptic protein composition during developmental synapse maturation. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:2894-2914. [PMID: 38571321 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The postsynaptic density (PSD) is a collection of specialized proteins assembled beneath the postsynaptic membrane of dendritic spines. The PSD proteome comprises ~1000 proteins, including neurotransmitter receptors, scaffolding proteins and signalling enzymes. Many of these proteins have essential roles in synaptic function and plasticity. During brain development, changes are observed in synapse density and in the stability and shape of spines, reflecting the underlying molecular maturation of synapses. Synaptic protein composition changes in terms of protein abundance and the assembly of protein complexes, supercomplexes and the physical organization of the PSD. Here, we summarize the developmental alterations of postsynaptic protein composition during synapse maturation. We describe major PSD proteins involved in postsynaptic signalling that regulates synaptic plasticity and discuss the effect of altered expression of these proteins during development. We consider the abnormality of synaptic profiles and synaptic protein composition in the brain in neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders. We also explain differences in synapse development between rodents and primates in terms of synaptic profiles and protein composition. Finally, we introduce recent findings related to synaptic diversity and nanoarchitecture and discuss their impact on future research. Synaptic protein composition can be considered a major determinant and marker of synapse maturation in normality and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kaizuka
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Toru Takumi
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kobe, Japan
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3
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Su P, Yan S, Chen K, Huang L, Wang L, Lee FHF, Zhou H, Lai TKY, Jiang A, Samsom J, Wong AHC, Yang G, Liu F. EF1α-associated protein complexes affect dendritic spine plasticity by regulating microglial phagocytosis in Fmr1 knock-out mice. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1099-1113. [PMID: 38212373 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02396-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability. There is no specific treatment for FXS due to the lack of therapeutic targets. We report here that Elongation Factor 1α (EF1α) forms a complex with two other proteins: Tripartite motif-containing protein 3 (TRIM3) and Murine double minute (Mdm2). Both EF1α-Mdm2 and EF1α-TRIM3 protein complexes are increased in the brain of Fmr1 knockout mice as a result of FMRP deficiency, which releases the normal translational suppression of EF1α mRNA and increases EF1α protein levels. Increased EF1α-Mdm2 complex decreases PSD-95 ubiquitination (Ub-PSD-95) and Ub-PSD-95-C1q interaction. The elevated level of TRIM3-EF1α complex is associated with decreased TRIM3-Complement Component 3 (C3) complex that inhibits the activation of C3. Both protein complexes thereby contribute to a reduction in microglia-mediated phagocytosis and dendritic spine pruning. Finally, we created a peptide that disrupts both protein complexes and restores dendritic spine plasticity and behavioural deficits in Fmr1 knockout mice. The EF1α-Mdm2 and EF1α-TRIM3 complexes could thus be new therapeutic targets for FXS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Su
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
| | - Shuxin Yan
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Lianyan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Le Wang
- Institute of Mental Health and Drug Discovery, Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China
| | - Frankie Hang Fung Lee
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Terence Kai Ying Lai
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Anlong Jiang
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
| | - James Samsom
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
| | - Albert H C Wong
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
- Institutes of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, M5T1R8, Canada.
- Institute of Mental Health and Drug Discovery, Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
- Institutes of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5T 1R8, Canada.
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4
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Li XY, Yin X, Lu JJ, Li QR, Xing WQ, Han Q, Ji H, Li SZ, Yang HM, Guo JR, Wang ZQ, Xu B. Ubiquitinome Analysis Uncovers Alterations in Synaptic Proteins and Glucose Metabolism Enzymes in the Hippocampi of Adolescent Mice Following Cold Exposure. Cells 2024; 13:570. [PMID: 38607009 PMCID: PMC11011669 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cold exposure exerts negative effects on hippocampal nerve development in adolescent mice, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Given that ubiquitination is essential for neurodevelopmental processes, we attempted to investigate the effects of cold exposure on the hippocampus from the perspective of ubiquitination. By conducting a ubiquitinome analysis, we found that cold exposure caused changes in the ubiquitination levels of a variety of synaptic-associated proteins. We validated changes in postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95) ubiquitination levels by immunoprecipitation, revealing reductions in both the K48 and K63 polyubiquitination levels of PSD-95. Golgi staining further demonstrated that cold exposure decreased the dendritic-spine density in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. Additionally, bioinformatics analysis revealed that differentially ubiquitinated proteins were enriched in the glycolytic, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), and 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathways. Protein expression analysis confirmed that cold exposure activated the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/HIF-1α pathway. We also observed suppression of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) protein levels and the pyruvate kinase (PK) activity induced by cold exposure. Regarding oxidative phosphorylation, a dramatic decrease in mitochondrial respiratory-complex I activity was observed, along with reduced gene expression of the key subunits NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase core subunit V1 (Ndufv1) and Ndufv2. In summary, cold exposure negatively affects hippocampal neurodevelopment and causes abnormalities in energy homeostasis within the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Xin Yin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Jing-Jing Lu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Qian-Ru Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Wan-Qun Xing
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Qi Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Shi-Ze Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Huan-Min Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Jing-Ru Guo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
| | - Zhi-Quan Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Bin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China; (X.-Y.L.)
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5
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Dhawka L, Palfini V, Hambright E, Blanco I, Poon C, Kahl A, Resch U, Bhawal R, Benakis C, Balachandran V, Holder A, Zhang S, Iadecola C, Hochrainer K. Post-ischemic ubiquitination at the postsynaptic density reversibly influences the activity of ischemia-relevant kinases. Commun Biol 2024; 7:321. [PMID: 38480905 PMCID: PMC10937959 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin modifications alter protein function and stability, thereby regulating cell homeostasis and viability, particularly under stress. Ischemic stroke induces protein ubiquitination at the ischemic periphery, wherein cells remain viable, however the identity of ubiquitinated proteins is unknown. Here, we employed a proteomics approach to identify these proteins in mice undergoing ischemic stroke. The data are available in a searchable web interface ( https://hochrainerlab.shinyapps.io/StrokeUbiOmics/ ). We detected increased ubiquitination of 198 proteins, many of which localize to the postsynaptic density (PSD) of glutamatergic neurons. Among these were proteins essential for maintaining PSD architecture, such as PSD95, as well as NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits. The largest enzymatic group at the PSD with elevated post-ischemic ubiquitination were kinases, such as CaMKII, PKC, Cdk5, and Pyk2, whose aberrant activities are well-known to contribute to post-ischemic neuronal death. Concurrent phospho-proteomics revealed altered PSD-associated phosphorylation patterns, indicative of modified kinase activities following stroke. PSD-located CaMKII, PKC, and Cdk5 activities were decreased while Pyk2 activity was increased after stroke. Removal of ubiquitin restored kinase activities to pre-stroke levels, identifying ubiquitination as the responsible molecular mechanism for post-ischemic kinase regulation. These findings unveil a previously unrecognized role of ubiquitination in the regulation of essential kinases involved in ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luvna Dhawka
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Palfini
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma Hambright
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ismary Blanco
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Carrie Poon
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anja Kahl
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ulrike Resch
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruchika Bhawal
- Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Corinne Benakis
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Vaishali Balachandran
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alana Holder
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Karin Hochrainer
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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6
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Dhawka L, Palfini V, Hambright E, Blanco I, Poon C, Kahl A, Resch U, Bhawal R, Benakis C, Balachandran V, Zhang S, Iadecola C, Hochrainer K. Post-ischemic ubiquitination at the postsynaptic density reversibly influences the activity of ischemia-relevant kinases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.21.552860. [PMID: 37662420 PMCID: PMC10473581 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.552860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin modifications alter protein function and stability, thereby regulating cell homeostasis and viability, particularly under stress. Ischemic stroke induces protein ubiquitination at the ischemic periphery, wherein cells remain viable, however the identity of ubiquitinated proteins is unknown. Here, we employed a proteomics approach to identify these proteins in mice undergoing ischemic stroke. The data are available in a searchable web interface ( https://hochrainerlab.shinyapps.io/StrokeUbiOmics/ ). We detected increased ubiquitination of 198 proteins, many of which localize to the postsynaptic density (PSD) of glutamatergic neurons. Among these were proteins essential for maintaining PSD architecture, such as PSD95, as well as NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits. The largest enzymatic group at the PSD with elevated post-ischemic ubiquitination were kinases, such as CaMKII, PKC, Cdk5, and Pyk2, whose aberrant activities are well-known to contribute to post-ischemic neuronal death. Concurrent phospho-proteomics revealed altered PSD-associated phosphorylation patterns, indicative of modified kinase activities following stroke. PSD-located CaMKII, PKC, and Cdk5 activities were decreased while Pyk2 activity was increased after stroke. Removal of ubiquitin restored kinase activities to pre-stroke levels, identifying ubiquitination as the responsible molecular mechanism for post-ischemic kinase regulation. These findings unveil a previously unrecognized role of ubiquitination in the regulation of essential kinases involved in ischemic injury.
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7
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Gromova KV, Thies E, Janiesch PC, Lützenkirchen FP, Zhu Y, Stajano D, Dürst CD, Schweizer M, Konietzny A, Mikhaylova M, Gee CE, Kneussel M. The kinesin Kif21b binds myosin Va and mediates changes in actin dynamics underlying homeostatic synaptic downscaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112743. [PMID: 37418322 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeostatic synaptic plasticity adjusts the strength of synapses to restrain neuronal activity within a physiological range. Postsynaptic guanylate kinase-associated protein (GKAP) controls the bidirectional synaptic scaling of AMPA receptors (AMPARs); however, mechanisms by which chronic activity triggers cytoskeletal remodeling to downscale synaptic transmission are barely understood. Here, we report that the microtubule-dependent kinesin motor Kif21b binds GKAP and likewise is located in dendritic spines in a myosin Va- and neuronal-activity-dependent manner. Kif21b depletion unexpectedly alters actin dynamics in spines, and adaptation of actin turnover following chronic activity is lost in Kif21b-knockout neurons. Consistent with a role of the kinesin in regulating actin dynamics, Kif21b overexpression promotes actin polymerization. Moreover, Kif21b controls GKAP removal from spines and the decrease of GluA2-containing AMPARs from the neuronal surface, thereby inducing homeostatic synaptic downscaling. Our data highlight a critical role of Kif21b at the synaptic actin cytoskeleton underlying homeostatic scaling of neuronal firing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira V Gromova
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Edda Thies
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp C Janiesch
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Felix P Lützenkirchen
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yipeng Zhu
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniele Stajano
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Céline D Dürst
- Department of Synaptic Physiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michaela Schweizer
- Core Facility Morphology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anja Konietzny
- RG Neuronal Protein Transport, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marina Mikhaylova
- RG Neuronal Protein Transport, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; RG Optobiology, Institute of Biology, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 10099 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine E Gee
- Department of Synaptic Physiology, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Hamburg Center of Neuroscience, HCNS, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.
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8
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Blumrich EM, Nicholson-Fish JC, Pronot M, Davenport EC, Kurian D, Cole A, Smillie KJ, Cousin MA. Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα is a glycogen synthase kinase 3-regulated interaction hub for activity-dependent bulk endocytosis. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112633. [PMID: 37314927 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase IIα (PI4KIIα) generates essential phospholipids and is a cargo for endosomal adaptor proteins. Activity-dependent bulk endocytosis (ADBE) is the dominant synaptic vesicle endocytosis mode during high neuronal activity and is sustained by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity. We reveal the GSK3β substrate PI4KIIα is essential for ADBE via its depletion in primary neuronal cultures. Kinase-dead PI4KIIα rescues ADBE in these neurons but not a phosphomimetic form mutated at the GSK3β site, Ser-47. Ser-47 phosphomimetic peptides inhibit ADBE in a dominant-negative manner, confirming that Ser-47 phosphorylation is essential for ADBE. Phosphomimetic PI4KIIα interacts with a specific cohort of presynaptic molecules, two of which, AGAP2 and CAMKV, are also essential for ADBE when depleted in neurons. Thus, PI4KIIα is a GSK3β-dependent interaction hub that silos essential ADBE molecules for liberation during neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Blumrich
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Jessica C Nicholson-Fish
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Marie Pronot
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Davenport
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Dominic Kurian
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, Scotland EH25 9RG, UK
| | - Adam Cole
- Neurosignalling and Mood Disorders Group, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Karen J Smillie
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK.
| | - Michael A Cousin
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK; Simons Initiative for the Developing Brain, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, Scotland EH8 9XD, UK.
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9
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Chen SY, Liu KF, Tan SY, Chen XS, Li HD, Li JJ, Zhou JW, Yang L, Long C. Deubiquitinase CYLD regulates excitatory synaptic transmission and short-term plasticity in the hippocampus. Brain Res 2023; 1806:148313. [PMID: 36878342 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The fate of proteins is determined by the addition of various forms of polyubiquitin during ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation. Cylindromatosis (CYLD), a K63-specific deubiquitinase, is enriched in postsynaptic density fractions of the rodent central nervous system (CNS), but the synaptic role of CYLD in the CNS is poorly understand. Here we show that CYLD deficiency (Cyld-/-) results in reduced intrinsic hippocampal neuronal firing, a decrease in the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents and a decrease in the amplitude of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Moreover, Cyld-/- hippocampus shows downregulated levels of presynaptic vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (vGlut1) and upregulated levels of postsynaptic GluA1, a subunit of the AMPA receptor, together with an altered paired-pulse ratio (PPR). We also found increased activation of astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampus of Cyld-/- mice. The present study suggests a critical role for CYLD in mediating hippocampal neuronal and synaptic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yuan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Ke-Fang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Shu-Yi Tan
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Xiao-Shan Chen
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Hui-Dong Li
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Jian-Wen Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Cheng Long
- School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, PR China.
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Bai Y, Wang H, Li C. SAPAP Scaffold Proteins: From Synaptic Function to Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Cells 2022; 11:cells11233815. [PMID: 36497075 PMCID: PMC9740047 DOI: 10.3390/cells11233815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitatory (glutamatergic) synaptic transmission underlies many aspects of brain activity and the genesis of normal human behavior. The postsynaptic scaffolding proteins SAP90/PSD-95-associated proteins (SAPAPs), which are abundant components of the postsynaptic density (PSD) at excitatory synapses, play critical roles in synaptic structure, formation, development, plasticity, and signaling. The convergence of human genetic data with recent in vitro and in vivo animal model data indicates that mutations in the genes encoding SAPAP1-4 are associated with neurological and psychiatric disorders, and that dysfunction of SAPAP scaffolding proteins may contribute to the pathogenesis of various neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, obsessive compulsive disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and bipolar disorder. Here, we review recent major genetic, epigenetic, molecular, behavioral, electrophysiological, and circuitry studies that have advanced our knowledge by clarifying the roles of SAPAP proteins at the synapses, providing new insights into the mechanistic links to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Bai
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (STCSM & MOE), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (STCSM & MOE), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China
- NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (STCSM & MOE), Affiliated Mental Health Center (ECNU), School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
- Shanghai Changning Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200335, China
- Correspondence:
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Emerging Roles of TRIM Family Proteins in Gliomas Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184536. [PMID: 36139694 PMCID: PMC9496762 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Gliomas remain challenging tumors due to their increased heterogeneity, complex molecular profile, and infiltrative phenotype that are often associated with a dismal prognosis. In a constant search for molecular changes and associated mechanisms, the TRIM protein family has emerged as an important area of investigation because of the regulation of vital cellular processes involved in brain pathophysiology that may possibly lead to brain tumor development. Herein, we discuss the diverse role of TRIM proteins in glioma progression, aiming to detect potential targets for future intervention. Abstract Gliomas encompass a vast category of CNS tumors affecting both adults and children. Treatment and diagnosis are often impeded due to intratumor heterogeneity and the aggressive nature of the more malignant forms. It is therefore essential to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and explore the intracellular signaling pathways underlying tumor pathology to provide more promising diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools for gliomas. The tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) superfamily of proteins plays a key role in many physiological cellular processes, including brain development and function. Emerging evidence supports the association of TRIMs with a wide variety of cancers, exhibiting both an oncogenic as well as a tumor suppressive role depending on cancer type. In this review, we provide evidence of the pivotal role of TRIM proteins in gliomagenesis and exploit their potential as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Zhuang T, Wang B, Tan X, Wu L, Li X, Li Z, Cai Y, Fan R, Yang X, Zhang C, Xia Y, Niu Z, Liu B, Cao Q, Ding Y, Zhou Z, Huang Q, Yang H. TRIM3 facilitates estrogen signaling and modulates breast cancer cell progression. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:45. [PMID: 35392925 PMCID: PMC8991925 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00861-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. More than 70% of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) alpha positive. Compared with ER alpha-negative breast cancer, which is more aggressive and has a shorter survival time, ER alpha-positive breast cancer could benefit from endocrine therapy. Selective estrogen receptor modulators, such as tamoxifen, are widely used in endocrine therapy. Approximately half of ER alpha-positive breast cancer patients will eventually develop endocrine resistance, making it a major clinical challenge in therapy. Thus, decoding the throughput of estrogen signaling, including the control of ER alpha expression and stability, is critical for the improvement of breast cancer therapeutics. METHODS TRIM3 and ER alpha protein expression levels were measured by western blotting, while the mRNA levels of ER alpha target genes were measured by RT-PCR. A CCK-8 assay was used to measure cell viability. RNA sequencing data were analyzed by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Identification of ER alpha signaling activity was accomplished with luciferase assays, RT-PCR and western blotting. Protein stability assays and ubiquitin assays were used to detect ER alpha protein degradation. Ubiquitin-based immunoprecipitation assays were used to detect the specific ubiquitination modification on the ER alpha protein. RESULTS In our current study, we found that TRIM3, an E3 ligase, can promote ER alpha signaling activity and breast cancer progression. TRIM3 depletion inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation and migration, while unbiased RNA sequencing data indicated that TRIM3 is required for the activity of estrogen signaling on the -genome-wide scale. The immunoprecipitation assays indicated that TRIM3 associates with ER alpha and promotes its stability, possibly by inducing K63-linked polyubiquitination of ER alpha. In conclusion, our data implicate a nongenomic mechanism by which TRIM3 stabilizes the ER alpha protein to control ER alpha target gene expression linked to breast cancer progression. CONCLUSION Our study provides a novel posttranslational mechanism in estrogen signaling. Modulation of TRIM3 expression or function could be an interesting approach for breast cancer treatment. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhuang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Tan
- Department of Oncology, Dong Ying People' S Hospital, Dongying, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Wu
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongbo Li
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Cai
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Bioscience and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 14157, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Xiao Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenmiao Zhang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Xia
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Niu
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingtian Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Cao
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinlu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhipeng Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingsong Huang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huijie Yang
- Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Tumor Migration, Invasion and Precision Medicine, Henan Key Laboratory of Immunology and Targeted Drugs, School of Laboratory Medicine, Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Tripartite Motif Containing 3 inhibits the aggressive behaviors of papillary thyroid carcinoma and indicates lower recurrence risk. Genes Genomics 2021; 44:455-465. [PMID: 34860317 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tripartite Motif Containing 3 (TRIM3) has been reported to be downregulated in several malignancies. However, its prognostic significance in thyroid cancer remains unknown. OBJECTIVE Here we aimed to investigate TRIM3's expression and its involvement in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS Clinicopathological analyses were performed in patients with PTC. Expression of TRIM3 protein was evaluated by IHC. The prognostic role of TRIM3 in PTC patients was assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. Cell proliferation and invasion were tested in two PTC cell lines following overexpression or knockdown. RESULTS TRIM3 was decreased in PTC tissues compared to adjacent thyroid tissues on both mRNA and protein levels. Additionally, low expression of TRIM3 was significantly related to tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. Moreover, TRIM3 was identified as an independent prognosis factor by multivariate analysis. Cellular data revealed that TRIM3 can inhibit the proliferation and invasion of PTC cells. Consistently, TRIM3 can upregulate the expression level of E-cadherin, while downregulate N-cadherin, Vimentin, and cyclin D1 expression. CONCLUSIONS TRIM3 expression was downregulated in PTC tissues comparing with that in adjacent nontumorous thyroid tissues. Lower TRIM3 expression in PTC can contribute independently to a poorer prognosis by enhancing PTC proliferation and invasion, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
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Historical perspective and progress on protein ubiquitination at glutamatergic synapses. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108690. [PMID: 34197891 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Transcription-translation coupling leads to the production of proteins that are key for controlling essential neuronal processes that include neuronal development and changes in synaptic strength. Although these events have been a prevailing theme in neuroscience, the regulation of proteins via posttranslational signaling pathways are equally relevant for these neuronal processes. Ubiquitin is one type of posttranslational modification that covalently attaches to its targets/substrates. Ubiquitination of proteins play a key role in multiple signaling pathways, the predominant being removal of its substrates by a large molecular machine called the proteasome. Here, I review 40 years of progress on ubiquitination in the nervous system at glutamatergic synapses focusing on axon pathfinding, synapse formation, presynaptic release, dendritic spine formation, and regulation of postsynaptic glutamate receptors. Finally, I elucidate emerging themes in ubiquitin biology that may challenge our current understanding of ubiquitin signaling in the nervous system.
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Folci A, Mirabella F, Fossati M. Ubiquitin and Ubiquitin-Like Proteins in the Critical Equilibrium between Synapse Physiology and Intellectual Disability. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0137-20.2020. [PMID: 32719102 PMCID: PMC7544190 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0137-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) represent a dynamic regulatory system that precisely modulates the functional organization of synapses. PTMs consist in target modifications by small chemical moieties or conjugation of lipids, sugars or polypeptides. Among them, ubiquitin and a large family of ubiquitin-like proteins (UBLs) share several features such as the structure of the small protein modifiers, the enzymatic cascades mediating the conjugation process, and the targeted aminoacidic residue. In the brain, ubiquitination and two UBLs, namely sumoylation and the recently discovered neddylation orchestrate fundamental processes including synapse formation, maturation and plasticity, and their alteration is thought to contribute to the development of neurological disorders. Remarkably, emerging evidence suggests that these pathways tightly interplay to modulate the function of several proteins that possess pivotal roles for brain homeostasis as well as failure of this crosstalk seems to be implicated in the development of brain pathologies. In this review, we outline the role of ubiquitination, sumoylation, neddylation, and their functional interplay in synapse physiology and discuss their implication in the molecular pathogenesis of intellectual disability (ID), a neurodevelopmental disorder that is frequently comorbid with a wide spectrum of brain pathologies. Finally, we propose a few outlooks that might contribute to better understand the complexity of these regulatory systems in regard to neuronal circuit pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Folci
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Filippo Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090 Pieve 9 Emanuele - Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Fossati
- Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (MI), Italy
- CNR-Institute of Neuroscience, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano (MI), Italy
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Kumar D, Ambasta RK, Kumar P. Ubiquitin biology in neurodegenerative disorders: From impairment to therapeutic strategies. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 61:101078. [PMID: 32407951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal accumulation of neurotoxic proteins is the typical hallmark of various age-related neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Multiple sclerosis. The anomalous proteins, such as Aβ, Tau in Alzheimer's disease and α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease, perturb the neuronal physiology and cellular homeostasis in the brain thereby affecting the millions of human lives across the globe. Here, ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) plays a decisive role in clearing the toxic metabolites in cells, where any aberrancy is widely reported to exaggerate the neurodegenerative pathologies. In spite of well-advancement in the ubiquitination research, their molecular markers and mechanisms for target-specific protein ubiquitination and clearance remained elusive. Therefore, this review substantiates the role of UPS in the brain signaling and neuronal physiology with their mechanistic role in the NDD's specific pathogenic protein clearance. Moreover, current and future promising therapies are discussed to target UPS-mediated neurodegeneration for better public health.
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Williams FP, Haubrich K, Perez-Borrajero C, Hennig J. Emerging RNA-binding roles in the TRIM family of ubiquitin ligases. Biol Chem 2020; 400:1443-1464. [PMID: 31120853 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2019-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
TRIM proteins constitute a large, diverse and ancient protein family which play a key role in processes including cellular differentiation, autophagy, apoptosis, DNA repair, and tumour suppression. Mostly known and studied through the lens of their ubiquitination activity as E3 ligases, it has recently emerged that many of these proteins are involved in direct RNA binding through their NHL or PRY/SPRY domains. We summarise the current knowledge concerning the mechanism of RNA binding by TRIM proteins and its biological role. We discuss how RNA-binding relates to their previously described functions such as E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and we will consider the potential role of enrichment in membrane-less organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Preston Williams
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kevin Haubrich
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Cecilia Perez-Borrajero
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janosch Hennig
- Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany, e-mail:
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Chan RF, Turecki G, Shabalin AA, Guintivano J, Zhao M, Xie LY, van Grootheest G, Kaminsky ZA, Dean B, Penninx BW, Aberg KA, van den Oord EJ. Cell Type-Specific Methylome-wide Association Studies Implicate Neurotrophin and Innate Immune Signaling in Major Depressive Disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2020; 87:431-442. [PMID: 31889537 PMCID: PMC9933050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We sought to characterize methylation changes in brain and blood associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). As analyses of bulk tissue may obscure association signals and hamper the biological interpretation of findings, these changes were studied on a cell type-specific level. METHODS In 3 collections of human postmortem brain (n = 206) and 1 collection of blood samples (N = 1132) of MDD cases and controls, we used epigenomic deconvolution to perform cell type-specific methylome-wide association studies within subpopulations of neurons/glia for the brain data and granulocytes/T cells/B cells/monocytes for the blood data. Sorted neurons/glia from a fourth postmortem brain collection (n = 58) were used for validation purposes. RESULTS Cell type-specific methylome-wide association studies identified multiple findings in neurons/glia that were detected across brain collections and were reproducible in physically sorted nuclei. Cell type-specific analyses in blood samples identified methylome-wide significant associations in T cells, monocytes, and whole blood that replicated findings from a past methylation study of MDD. Pathway analyses implicated p75 neurotrophin receptor/nerve growth factor signaling and innate immune toll-like receptor signaling in MDD. Top results in neurons, glia, bulk brain, T cells, monocytes, and whole blood were enriched for genes supported by genome-wide association studies for MDD and other psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS We both replicated and identified novel MDD-methylation associations in human brain and blood samples at a cell type-specific level. Our results provide mechanistic insights into how the immune system may interact with the brain to affect MDD susceptibility. Importantly, our findings involved associations with MDD in human samples that implicated many closely related biological pathways. These disease-linked sites and pathways represent promising new therapeutic targets for MDD.
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Zhu J, Tsai NP. Ubiquitination and E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Rare Neurological Diseases with Comorbid Epilepsy. Neuroscience 2020; 428:90-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2019.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Nenasheva VV, Tarantul VZ. Many Faces of TRIM Proteins on the Road from Pluripotency to Neurogenesis. Stem Cells Dev 2019; 29:1-14. [PMID: 31686585 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2019.0152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins participate in numerous biological processes. They are the key players in immune system and are involved in the oncogenesis. Moreover, TRIMs are the highly conserved regulators of developmental pathways in both vertebrates and invertebrates. In particular, numerous data point to the participation of TRIMs in the determination of stem cell fate, as well as in the neurogenesis. TRIMs apply various mechanisms to perform their functions. Their common feature is the ability to ubiquitinate proteins mediated by the Really Interesting New Gene (RING) domain. Different C-terminal domains of TRIMs are involved in DNA and RNA binding, protein/protein interactions, and chromatin-mediated transcriptional regulation. Mutations and alterations of TRIM expression cause significant disturbances in the stem cells' self-renewal and neurogenesis, which result in the various pathologies of the nervous system (neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and malignant transformation). This review discusses the diverse molecular mechanisms of participation of TRIMs in stem cell maintenance and self-renewal as well as in neural differentiation processes and neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina V Nenasheva
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vyacheslav Z Tarantul
- Department of Viral and Cellular Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Translating preclinical findings in clinically relevant new antipsychotic targets: focus on the glutamatergic postsynaptic density. Implications for treatment resistant schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 107:795-827. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Werner CT, Mitra S, Martin JA, Stewart AF, Lepack AE, Ramakrishnan A, Gobira PH, Wang ZJ, Neve RL, Gancarz AM, Shen L, Maze I, Dietz DM. Ubiquitin-proteasomal regulation of chromatin remodeler INO80 in the nucleus accumbens mediates persistent cocaine craving. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaay0351. [PMID: 31633032 PMCID: PMC6785264 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroadaptations in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) underlie cue-induced cocaine craving that intensifies ("incubates") during abstinence and is believed to contribute to persistent relapse vulnerability. Changes in gene expression often govern perpetual behavioral abnormalities, but epigenetic plasticity during prolonged abstinence from drug exposure is poorly understood. We examined how E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM3 dysregulates chromatin remodeler INO80 to mediate cocaine craving during prolonged abstinence. We found that INO80 expression increased in the NAc on abstinence day 30 (AD30) but not on AD1 following cocaine self-administration. Furthermore, TRIM3, which mediates degradation of INO80, was reduced on AD30, along with TRIM3-INO80 interaction. Viral-mediated gene transfer of INO80 or TRIM3 governed cocaine craving during prolonged abstinence. Lastly, chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by massively parallel DNA sequencing identified INO80-mediated transcriptional regulation of predicted pathways associated with cocaine plasticity. Together, these results demonstrate a novel ubiquitin-proteasomal-epigenetic mechanism by which TRIM3-INO80 mediates cocaine craving during prolonged abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. T. Werner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - S. Mitra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - J. A. Martin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - A. F. Stewart
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - A. E. Lepack
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - A. Ramakrishnan
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - P. H. Gobira
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Z.-J. Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - R. L. Neve
- Gene Delivery Technology Core, Massachusetts General Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - A. M. Gancarz
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Bakersfield, Bakersfield, CA, USA
| | - L. Shen
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - I. Maze
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - D. M. Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Program in Neuroscience, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
- Corresponding author.
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Abstract
The structure of neuronal circuits that subserve cognitive functions in the brain is shaped and refined throughout development and into adulthood. Evidence from human and animal studies suggests that the cellular and synaptic substrates of these circuits are atypical in neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating that altered structural plasticity may be an important part of the disease biology. Advances in genetics have redefined our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders and have revealed a spectrum of risk factors that impact pathways known to influence structural plasticity. In this Review, we discuss the importance of recent genetic findings on the different mechanisms of structural plasticity and propose that these converge on shared pathways that can be targeted with novel therapeutics.
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USP8 Deubiquitinates SHANK3 to Control Synapse Density and SHANK3 Activity-Dependent Protein Levels. J Neurosci 2018; 38:5289-5301. [PMID: 29735556 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3305-17.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations or altered protein levels of SHANK3 are implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders such as Phelan-McDermid syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia (Guilmatre et al., 2014). Loss of SHANK3 in mouse models results in decreased synapse density and reduction in the levels of multiple synaptic proteins (Jiang and Ehlers, 2013). The family of SHANK scaffolding molecules are among the most heavily ubiquitinated proteins at the postsynaptic density. The ubiquitin-dependent proteasome degradation of SHANK is regulated by synaptic activity and may contribute to activity-dependent synaptic remodeling (Ehlers, 2003; Shin et al., 2012). However, the identity of the specific deubiquitinating enzymes and E3 ligases that regulate SHANK ubiquitination at synapses are unknown. Here we identify USP8/UBPY as a deubiquitinating enzyme that regulates SHANK3 and SHANK1 ubiquitination and protein levels. In primary rat neurons, USP8 enhances SHANK3 and SHANK1 protein levels via deubiquitination and increases dendritic spine density. Additionally, USP8 is essential for changes in SHANK3 protein levels following synaptic activity modulation. These data identify USP8 as a key modulator of SHANK3 downstream of synaptic activity.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Precise regulation of the protein levels of the postsynaptic scaffolding protein SHANK3 is essential for proper neurodevelopment. Mutations of SHANK3 have been identified in Phelan-McDermid syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, and schizophrenia (Guilmatre et al., 2014). In this research, we identify USP8 as a key enzyme that regulates SHANK3 protein levels in neurons. USP8 acts to deubiquitinate SHANK3, which prevents its proteasomal-mediated degradation and enhances overall dendritic spine stability. In the future, the modulation of USP8 deubiquitinating activity could potentially be used to titrate the protein levels of SHANK3 to ameliorate disease.
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25
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Saldate JJ, Shiau J, Cazares VA, Stuenkel EL. The ubiquitin-proteasome system functionally links neuronal Tomosyn-1 to dendritic morphology. J Biol Chem 2017; 293:2232-2246. [PMID: 29269412 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.815514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Altering the expression of Tomosyn-1 (Tomo-1), a soluble, R-SNARE domain-containing protein, significantly affects behavior in mice, Drosophila, and Caenorhabditis elegans Yet, the mechanisms that modulate Tomo-1 expression and its regulatory activity remain poorly defined. Here, we found that Tomo-1 expression levels influence postsynaptic spine density. Tomo-1 overexpression increased dendritic spine density, whereas Tomo-1 knockdown (KD) decreased spine density. These findings identified a novel action of Tomo-1 on dendritic spines, which is unique because it occurs independently of Tomo-1's C-terminal R-SNARE domain. We also demonstrated that the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), which is known to influence synaptic strength, dynamically regulates Tomo-1 protein levels. Immunoprecipitated and affinity-purified Tomo-1 from cultured rat hippocampal neurons was ubiquitinated, and the levels of ubiquitinated Tomo-1 dramatically increased upon pharmacological proteasome blockade. Moreover, Tomo-1 ubiquitination appeared to be mediated through an interaction with the E3 ubiquitin ligase HRD1, as immunoprecipitation of Tomo-1 from neurons co-precipitated HRD1, and this interaction increases upon proteasome inhibition. Further, in vitro reactions indicated direct, HRD1 concentration-dependent Tomo-1 ubiquitination. We also noted that the UPS regulates both Tomo-1 expression and functional output, as HRD1 KD in hippocampal neurons increased Tomo-1 protein level and dendritic spine density. Notably, the effect of HRD1 KD on spine density was mitigated by additional KD of Tomo-1, indicating a direct HRD1/Tomo-1 effector relationship. In summary, our results indicate that the UPS is likely to participate in tuning synaptic efficacy and spine dynamics by precise regulation of neuronal Tomo-1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Shiau
- the Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5624
| | - Victor A Cazares
- the Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5624
| | - Edward L Stuenkel
- From the Neuroscience Graduate Program and .,the Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Medical School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5624
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26
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Rasmussen AH, Rasmussen HB, Silahtaroglu A. The DLGAP family: neuronal expression, function and role in brain disorders. Mol Brain 2017; 10:43. [PMID: 28870203 PMCID: PMC5583998 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotransmitter glutamate facilitates neuronal signalling at excitatory synapses. Glutamate is released from the presynaptic membrane into the synaptic cleft. Across the synaptic cleft glutamate binds to both ion channels and metabotropic glutamate receptors at the postsynapse, which expedite downstream signalling in the neuron. The postsynaptic density, a highly specialized matrix, which is attached to the postsynaptic membrane, controls this downstream signalling. The postsynaptic density also resets the synapse after each synaptic firing. It is composed of numerous proteins including a family of Discs large associated protein 1, 2, 3 and 4 (DLGAP1-4) that act as scaffold proteins in the postsynaptic density. They link the glutamate receptors in the postsynaptic membrane to other glutamate receptors, to signalling proteins and to components of the cytoskeleton. With the central localisation in the postsynapse, the DLGAP family seems to play a vital role in synaptic scaling by regulating the turnover of both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors in response to synaptic activity. DLGAP family has been directly linked to a variety of psychological and neurological disorders. In this review we focus on the direct and indirect role of DLGAP family on schizophrenia as well as other brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Rasmussen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne B Rasmussen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asli Silahtaroglu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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27
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Hochrainer K. Protein Modifications with Ubiquitin as Response to Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 9:157-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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28
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Abstract
Maintaining synaptic integrity and function depends on the continuous removal and degradation of aged or damaged proteins. Synaptic protein degradation has received considerable attention in the context of synaptic plasticity and growing interest in relation to neurodegenerative and other disorders. Conversely, less attention has been given to constitutive, ongoing synaptic protein degradation and the roles canonical degradation pathways play in these processes. Here we briefly review recent progress on this topic and new experimental approaches which have expedited such progress and highlight several emerging principles. These include the realization that synaptic proteins typically have unusually long lifetimes, as might be expected from the remote locations of most synaptic sites; the possibility that degradation pathways can change with time from synthesis, cellular context, and physiological input; and that degradation pathways, other than ubiquitin-proteasomal-mediated degradation, might play key roles in constitutive protein degradation at synaptic sites. Finally, we point to the importance of careful experimental design and sufficiently sensitive techniques for studying synaptic protein degradation, which bring into account their slow turnover rates and complex life cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie D Cohen
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Institute and Network Biology Research Laboratories, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
| | - Noam E Ziv
- Technion Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Institute and Network Biology Research Laboratories, Technion City, Haifa, 32000, Israel
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29
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Lip PZY, Demasi M, Bonatto D. The role of the ubiquitin proteasome system in the memory process. Neurochem Int 2016; 102:57-65. [PMID: 27916542 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Quite intuitive is the notion that memory formation and consolidation is orchestrated by protein synthesis because of the synaptic plasticity necessary for those processes. Nevertheless, recent advances have begun accumulating evidences of a high requirement for protein degradation on the molecular mechanisms of the memory process in the mammalian brain. Because degradation determines protein half-life, degradation has been increasingly recognized as an important intracellular regulatory mechanism. The proteasome is the main player in the degradation of intracellular proteins. Proteasomal substrates are mainly degraded after a post-translational modification by a poly-ubiquitin chain. Latter process, namely poly-ubiquitination, is highly regulated at the step of the ubiquitin molecule transferring to the protein substrate mediated by a set of proteins whose genes represent almost 2% of the human genome. Understanding the role of polyubiquitin-mediated protein degradation has challenging researchers in many fields of investigation as a new source of targets for therapeutic intervention, e.g. E3 ligases that transfer ubiquitin moieties to the substrate. The goal of present work was to uncover mechanisms underlying memory processes regarding the role of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). For that purpose, preceded of a short review on UPS and memory processes a top-down systems biology approach was applied to establish central proteins involved in memory formation and consolidation highlighting their cross-talking with the UPS. According to that approach, the pattern of expression of several elements of the UPS were found overexpressed in regions of the brain involved in processing cortical inputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philomena Z Y Lip
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Marilene Demasi
- Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Diego Bonatto
- Center of Biotechnology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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30
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Piao MY, Cao HL, He NN, Xu MQ, Dong WX, Wang WQ, Wang BM, Zhou B. Potential role of TRIM3 as a novel tumour suppressor in colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Scand J Gastroenterol 2016; 51:572-82. [PMID: 26691157 DOI: 10.3109/00365521.2015.1124285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Recent cancer genome-sequencing efforts and complementary functional studies have led to the identification of a collection of candidate 'driver' genes involved in CRC tumorigenesis. Tripartite motif (TRIM3) is recently identified as a tumour suppressor in glioblastoma but this tumour-suppressive function has not been investigated in CRC. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this study, we investigated the potential role of TRIM3 as a tumour suppressor in CRC development by manipulating the expression of TRIM3 in two authentic CRC cell lines, HCT116 and DLD1, followed by various functional assays, including cell proliferation, colony formation, scratch wound healing, soft agar, and invasion assays. Xenograft experiment was performed to examine in vivo tumour-suppressive properties of TRIM3. RESULTS Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated knockdown of TRIM3 conferred growth advantage in CRC cells. In contrast, overexpression of TRIM3 affected cell survival, cell migration, anchorage independent growth and invasive potential in CRC cells. In addition, TRIM3 was found to be down-regulated in human colon cancer tissues compared with matched normal colon tissues. Overexpression of TRIM3 significantly inhibited tumour growth in vivo using xenograft mouse models. Mechanistic investigation revealed that TRIM3 can regulate p53 protein level through its stabilisation. CONCLUSIONS TRIM3 functions as a tumour suppressor in CRC progression. This tumour-suppressive function is exerted partially through regulation of p53 protein. Therefore, this protein may represent a novel therapeutic target for prevention or intervention of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Yu Piao
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Hai-Long Cao
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Na-Na He
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Meng-Que Xu
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Wen-Xiao Dong
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Wei-Qiang Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Bang-Mao Wang
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University , Heping District , Tianjin , China
| | - Bing Zhou
- b Department of Gastroenterology , Tanggu Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Tianjin Binhai New Area , Tanggu Binhai New Area , Tianjin , China
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31
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Hakim V, Cohen LD, Zuchman R, Ziv T, Ziv NE. The effects of proteasomal inhibition on synaptic proteostasis. EMBO J 2016; 35:2238-2262. [PMID: 27613546 PMCID: PMC5069550 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201593594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Synaptic function crucially depends on uninterrupted synthesis and degradation of synaptic proteins. While much has been learned on synaptic protein synthesis, little is known on the routes by which synaptic proteins are degraded. Here we systematically studied how inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) affects the degradation rates of thousands of neuronal and synaptic proteins. We identified a group of proteins, including several proteins related to glutamate receptor trafficking, whose degradation rates were significantly slowed by UPS inhibition. Unexpectedly, however, degradation rates of most synaptic proteins were not significantly affected. Interestingly, many of the differential effects of UPS inhibition were readily explained by a quantitative framework that considered known metabolic turnover rates for the same proteins. In contrast to the limited effects on protein degradation, UPS inhibition profoundly and preferentially suppressed the synthesis of a large number of synaptic proteins. Our findings point to the importance of the UPS in the degradation of certain synaptic proteins, yet indicate that under basal conditions most synaptic proteins might be degraded through alternative pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Hakim
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Haifa, Israel.,Network Biology Research Laboratories, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Laurie D Cohen
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Haifa, Israel.,Network Biology Research Laboratories, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Rina Zuchman
- Smoler Proteomics Center, Faculty of Biology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tamar Ziv
- Smoler Proteomics Center, Faculty of Biology, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Noam E Ziv
- The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Haifa, Israel .,Network Biology Research Laboratories, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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32
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Abstract
In this review, Huang and Bonni discuss the functions and mechanisms of the anaphase-promoting complex in neurogenesis; glial differentiation and migration; neuronal survival, metabolism, and morphogenesis; synapse formation and plasticity; and learning and memory. Control of protein abundance by the ubiquitin–proteasome system is essential for normal brain development and function. Just over a decade ago, the first post-mitotic function of the anaphase-promoting complex, a major cell cycle-regulated E3 ubiquitin ligase, was discovered in the control of axon growth and patterning in the mammalian brain. Since then, a large number of studies have identified additional novel roles for the anaphase-promoting complex in diverse aspects of neuronal connectivity and plasticity in the developing and mature nervous system. In this review, we discuss the functions and mechanisms of the anaphase-promoting complex in neurogenesis, glial differentiation and migration, neuronal survival and metabolism, neuronal morphogenesis, synapse formation and plasticity, and learning and memory. We also provide a perspective on future investigations of the anaphase-promoting complex in neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Azad Bonni
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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33
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Sachser RM, Haubrich J, Lunardi PS, de Oliveira Alvares L. Forgetting of what was once learned: Exploring the role of postsynaptic ionotropic glutamate receptors on memory formation, maintenance, and decay. Neuropharmacology 2016; 112:94-103. [PMID: 27425202 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the past years, extensive research in experimental cognitive neuroscience has provided a comprehensive understanding about the role of ionotropic glutamate receptor (IGluR)-dependent signaling underpinning postsynaptic plasticity induced by long-term potentiation (LTP), the leading cellular basis of long-term memory (LTM). However, despite the fact that iGluR-mediated postsynaptic plasticity regulates the formation and persistence of LTP and LTM, here we discuss the state-of-the-art regarding the mechanisms underpinning both LTP and LTM decay. First, we review the crucial roles that iGluRs play on memory encoding and stabilization. Second, we discuss the latest findings in forgetting considering hippocampal GluA2-AMPAR trafficking at postsynaptic sites as well as dendritic spine remodeling possibly involved in LTP decay. Third, on the role of retrieving consolidated LTMs, we discuss the mechanisms involved in memory destabilization that occurs followed reactivation that share striking similarities with the neurobiological basis of forgetting. Fourth, since different AMPAR subunits as well as postsynaptic scaffolding proteins undergo ubiquitination, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is discussed in light of memory decay. In conclusion, we provide an integrated overview revealing some of the mechanisms determining memory forgetting that are mediated by iGluRs. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Ionotropic glutamate receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Marcelo Sachser
- Neurobiology of Memory Lab, Biophysics Department, Bioscience Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Josué Haubrich
- Psychobiology and Neurocomputation Lab, Biophysics Department, Bioscience Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Paula Santana Lunardi
- Neurobiology of Memory Lab, Biophysics Department, Bioscience Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Lucas de Oliveira Alvares
- Neurobiology of Memory Lab, Biophysics Department, Bioscience Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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34
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McKinnon C, Goold R, Andre R, Devoy A, Ortega Z, Moonga J, Linehan JM, Brandner S, Lucas JJ, Collinge J, Tabrizi SJ. Prion-mediated neurodegeneration is associated with early impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Acta Neuropathol 2016; 131:411-25. [PMID: 26646779 PMCID: PMC4752964 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-015-1508-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Prion diseases are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders characterised by the accumulation of misfolded prion protein (PrP(Sc)) in the brain. The critical relationship between aberrant protein misfolding and neurotoxicity currently remains unclear. The accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins has been linked to impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases. As the principal route for protein degradation in mammalian cells, this could have profound detrimental effects on neuronal function and survival. Here, we determine the temporal onset of UPS dysfunction in prion-infected Ub(G76V)-GFP reporter mice, which express a ubiquitin fusion proteasome substrate to measure in vivo UPS activity. We show that the onset of UPS dysfunction correlates closely with PrP(Sc) deposition, preceding earliest behavioural deficits and neuronal loss. UPS impairment was accompanied by accumulation of polyubiquitinated substrates and found to affect both neuronal and astrocytic cell populations. In prion-infected CAD5 cells, we demonstrate that activation of the UPS by the small molecule inhibitor IU1 is sufficient to induce clearance of polyubiquitinated substrates and reduce misfolded PrP(Sc) load. Taken together, these results identify the UPS as a possible early mediator of prion pathogenesis and promising target for development of future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris McKinnon
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rob Goold
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ralph Andre
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Anny Devoy
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Zaira Ortega
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julie Moonga
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Jacqueline M Linehan
- MRC Prion Unit, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Sebastian Brandner
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Division of Neuropathology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - José J Lucas
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", (CBMSO) CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - John Collinge
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- MRC Prion Unit, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
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35
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Abstract
TRIM-NHL proteins are key regulators of developmental transitions, for example promoting differentiation, while inhibiting cell growth and proliferation, in stem and progenitor cells. Abnormalities in these proteins have been also associated with human diseases, particularly affecting muscular and neuronal functions, making them potential targets for therapeutic intervention. The purpose of this review is to provide a systematic and comprehensive summary on the most studied TRIM-NHL proteins, highlighting examples where connections were established between structural features, molecular functions and biological outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tocchini
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rafal Ciosk
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Maulbeerstrasse 66, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.
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36
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Park H, Yang J, Kim R, Li Y, Lee Y, Lee C, Park J, Lee D, Kim H, Kim E. Mice lacking the PSD-95-interacting E3 ligase, Dorfin/Rnf19a, display reduced adult neurogenesis, enhanced long-term potentiation, and impaired contextual fear conditioning. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16410. [PMID: 26553645 PMCID: PMC4639748 DOI: 10.1038/srep16410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination has a significant influence on diverse aspects of neuronal development and function. Dorfin, also known as Rnf19a, is a RING finger E3 ubiquitin ligase implicated in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, but its in vivo functions have not been explored. We report here that Dorfin is a novel binding partner of the excitatory postsynaptic scaffolding protein PSD-95. Dorfin-mutant (Dorfin(-/-)) mice show reduced adult neurogenesis and enhanced long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, but normal long-term potentiation in the CA1 region. Behaviorally, Dorfin(-/-) mice show impaired contextual fear conditioning, but normal levels of cued fear conditioning, fear extinction, spatial learning and memory, object recognition memory, spatial working memory, and pattern separation. Using a proteomic approach, we also identify a number of proteins whose ubiquitination levels are decreased in the Dorfin(-/-) brain. These results suggest that Dorfin may regulate adult neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and contextual fear memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanwool Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Jinhee Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Ryunhee Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Yan Li
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Yeunkum Lee
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Chungwoo Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Jongil Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Division of Brain Korea 21. Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-704, Korea
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Division of Brain Korea 21. Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 136-704, Korea
| | - Eunjoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.,Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 305-701, Korea
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37
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The Role of Proteases in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity: Putting Together Small Pieces of a Complex Puzzle. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:156-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1752-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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38
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Schreiber J, Végh MJ, Dawitz J, Kroon T, Loos M, Labonté D, Li KW, Van Nierop P, Van Diepen MT, De Zeeuw CI, Kneussel M, Meredith RM, Smit AB, Van Kesteren RE. Ubiquitin ligase TRIM3 controls hippocampal plasticity and learning by regulating synaptic γ-actin levels. J Cell Biol 2015; 211:569-86. [PMID: 26527743 PMCID: PMC4639863 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201506048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM3 regulates synaptic γ-actin levels. TRIM3-deficient mice consequently have higher hippocampal spine densities, increased long-term potentiation, and enhanced contextual fear memory consolidation, indicating that temporal control of ACTG1 levels by TRIM3 is required to constrain hippocampal plasticity within physiological boundaries. Synaptic plasticity requires remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. Although two actin isoforms, β- and γ-actin, are expressed in dendritic spines, the specific contribution of γ-actin in the expression of synaptic plasticity is unknown. We show that synaptic γ-actin levels are regulated by the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM3. TRIM3 protein and Actg1 transcript are colocalized in messenger ribonucleoprotein granules responsible for the dendritic targeting of messenger RNAs. TRIM3 polyubiquitylates γ-actin, most likely cotranslationally at synaptic sites. Trim3−/− mice consequently have increased levels of γ-actin at hippocampal synapses, resulting in higher spine densities, increased long-term potentiation, and enhanced short-term contextual fear memory consolidation. Interestingly, hippocampal deletion of Actg1 caused an increase in long-term fear memory. Collectively, our findings suggest that temporal control of γ-actin levels by TRIM3 is required to regulate the timing of hippocampal plasticity. We propose a model in which TRIM3 regulates synaptic γ-actin turnover and actin filament stability and thus forms a transient inhibitory constraint on the expression of hippocampal synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joerg Schreiber
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marlene J Végh
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Julia Dawitz
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tim Kroon
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maarten Loos
- Sylics (Synaptologics BV), 1008 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dorthe Labonté
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ka Wan Li
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pim Van Nierop
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michiel T Van Diepen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Chris I De Zeeuw
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Science, 1105 BA Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Matthias Kneussel
- Department of Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rhiannon M Meredith
- Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - August B Smit
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ronald E Van Kesteren
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
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39
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Goo MS, Scudder SL, Patrick GN. Ubiquitin-dependent trafficking and turnover of ionotropic glutamate receptors. Front Mol Neurosci 2015; 8:60. [PMID: 26528125 PMCID: PMC4607782 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2015.00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in synaptic strength underlie the basis of learning and memory and are controlled, in part, by the insertion or removal of AMPA-type glutamate receptors at the postsynaptic membrane of excitatory synapses. Once internalized, these receptors may be recycled back to the plasma membrane by subunit-specific interactions with other proteins or by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation. Alternatively, these receptors may be targeted for destruction by multiple degradation pathways in the cell. Ubiquitination, another post-translational modification, has recently emerged as a key signal that regulates the recycling and trafficking of glutamate receptors. In this review, we will discuss recent findings on the role of ubiquitination in the trafficking and turnover of ionotropic glutamate receptors and plasticity of excitatory synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa S Goo
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Samantha L Scudder
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gentry N Patrick
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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40
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Lomash RM, Gu X, Youle RJ, Lu W, Roche KW. Neurolastin, a Dynamin Family GTPase, Regulates Excitatory Synapses and Spine Density. Cell Rep 2015. [PMID: 26212327 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane trafficking and spinogenesis contribute significantly to changes in synaptic strength during development and in various paradigms of synaptic plasticity. GTPases of the dynamin family are key players regulating membrane trafficking. Here, we identify a brain-specific dynamin family GTPase, neurolastin (RNF112/Znf179), with closest homology to atlastin. We demonstrate that neurolastin has functional GTPase and RING domains, making it a unique protein identified with this multi-enzymatic domain organization. We also show that neurolastin is a peripheral membrane protein that localizes to endosomes and affects endosomal membrane dynamics via its RING domain. In addition, neurolastin knockout mice have fewer dendritic spines, and rescue of the wild-type phenotype requires both the GTPase and RING domains. Furthermore, we find fewer functional synapses and reduced paired pulse facilitation in neurolastin knockout mice. Thus, we identify neurolastin as a dynamin family GTPase that affects endosome size and spine density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Madan Lomash
- Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xinglong Gu
- Synapse and Neural Circuit Research Unit, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard J Youle
- Surgical Neurology Branch, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Wei Lu
- Synapse and Neural Circuit Research Unit, NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine W Roche
- Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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41
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de Solis CA, Holehonnur R, Banerjee A, Luong JA, Lella SK, Ho A, Pahlavan B, Ploski JE. Viral delivery of shRNA to amygdala neurons leads to neurotoxicity and deficits in Pavlovian fear conditioning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015; 124:34-47. [PMID: 26182988 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of viral vector technology to deliver short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) to cells of the nervous system of many model organisms has been widely utilized by neuroscientists to study the influence of genes on behavior. However, there have been numerous reports that delivering shRNAs to the nervous system can lead to neurotoxicity. Here we report the results of a series of experiments where adeno-associated viruses (AAV), that were engineered to express shRNAs designed to target known plasticity associated genes (i.e. Arc, Egr1 and GluN2A) or control shRNAs that were designed not to target any rat gene product for depletion, were delivered to the rat basal and lateral nuclei of the amygdala (BLA), and auditory Pavlovian fear conditioning was examined. In our first set of experiments we found that animals that received AAV (3.16E13-1E13 GC/mL; 1 μl/side), designed to knockdown Arc (shArc), or control shRNAs targeting either luciferase (shLuc), or nothing (shCntrl), exhibited impaired fear conditioning compared to animals that received viruses that did not express shRNAs. Notably, animals that received shArc did not exhibit differences in fear conditioning compared to animals that received control shRNAs despite gene knockdown of Arc. Viruses designed to harbor shRNAs did not induce obvious morphological changes to the cells/tissue of the BLA at any dose of virus tested, but at the highest dose of shRNA virus examined (3.16E13 GC/mL; 1 μl/side), a significant increase in microglia activation occurred as measured by an increase in IBA1 immunoreactivity. In our final set of experiments we infused viruses into the BLA at a titer of (1.60E+12 GC/mL; 1 μl/side), designed to express shArc, shLuc, shCntrl or shRNAs designed to target Egr1 (shEgr1), or GluN2A (shGluN2A), or no shRNA, and found that all groups exhibited impaired fear conditioning compared to the group which received a virus that did not express an shRNA. The shEgr1 and shGluN2A groups exhibited gene knockdown of Egr1 and GluN2A compared to the other groups examined respectively, but Arc was not knocked down in the shArc group under these conditions. Differences in fear conditioning among the shLuc, shCntrl, shArc and shEgr1 groups were not detected under these circumstances; however, the shGluN2A group exhibited significantly impaired fear conditioning compared to most of the groups, indicating that gene specific deficits in fear conditioning could be observed utilizing viral mediated delivery of shRNA. Collectively, these data indicate that viral mediated shRNA expression was toxic to neurons in vivo, under all viral titers examined and this toxicity in some cases may be masking gene specific changes in learning. Therefore, the use of this technology in behavioral neuroscience warrants a heightened level of careful consideration and potential methods to alleviate shRNA induced toxicity are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A de Solis
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Roopashri Holehonnur
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Anwesha Banerjee
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Jonathan A Luong
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Srihari K Lella
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Anthony Ho
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Bahram Pahlavan
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States
| | - Jonathan E Ploski
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences and the Department of Molecular & Cell Biology, University of Texas at Dallas, United States.
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42
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Differential role of the proteasome in the early and late phases of BDNF-induced facilitation of LTP. J Neurosci 2015; 35:3319-29. [PMID: 25716833 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4521-14.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mediates activity-dependent long-term changes of synaptic strength in the CNS. The effects of BDNF are partly mediated by stimulation of local translation, with consequent alterations in the synaptic proteome. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) also plays an important role in protein homeostasis at the synapse by regulating synaptic activity. However, whether BDNF acts on the UPS to mediate the effects on long-term synaptic potentiation (LTP) has not been investigated. In the present study, we show similar and nonadditive effects of BDNF and proteasome inhibition on the early phase of synaptic potentiation (E-LTP) induced by theta-burst stimulation of rat hippocampal CA1 synapses. The effects of BDNF were blocked by the proteasome activator IU1, suggesting that the neurotrophin acts by decreasing proteasome activity. Accordingly, BDNF downregulated the proteasome activity in cultured hippocampal neurons and in hippocampal synaptoneurosomes. Furthermore, BDNF increased the activity of the deubiquitinating enzyme UchL1 in synaptoneurosomes and upregulated free ubiquitin. In contrast to the effects on posttetanic potentiation, proteasome activity was required for BDNF-mediated LTP. These results show a novel role for BDNF in UPS regulation at the synapse, which is likely to act together with the increased translation activity in the regulation of the synaptic proteome during E-LTP.
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43
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Mottron L, Duret P, Mueller S, Moore RD, Forgeot d'Arc B, Jacquemont S, Xiong L. Sex differences in brain plasticity: a new hypothesis for sex ratio bias in autism. Mol Autism 2015; 6:33. [PMID: 26052415 PMCID: PMC4456778 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-015-0024-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Several observations support the hypothesis that differences in synaptic and regional cerebral plasticity between the sexes account for the high ratio of males to females in autism. First, males are more susceptible than females to perturbations in genes involved in synaptic plasticity. Second, sex-related differences in non-autistic brain structure and function are observed in highly variable regions, namely, the heteromodal associative cortices, and overlap with structural particularities and enhanced activity of perceptual associative regions in autistic individuals. Finally, functional cortical reallocations following brain lesions in non-autistic adults (for example, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis) are sex-dependent. Interactions between genetic sex and hormones may therefore result in higher synaptic and consecutively regional plasticity in perceptual brain areas in males than in females. The onset of autism may largely involve mutations altering synaptic plasticity that create a plastic reaction affecting the most variable and sexually dimorphic brain regions. The sex ratio bias in autism may arise because males have a lower threshold than females for the development of this plastic reaction following a genetic or environmental event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Mottron
- Centre d'excellence en Troubles envahissants du dévelopement de l'Université de Montréal (CETEDUM), Montréal, Canada.,Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies, Département de Psychiatrie, Montréal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Pauline Duret
- Centre d'excellence en Troubles envahissants du dévelopement de l'Université de Montréal (CETEDUM), Montréal, Canada.,Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies, Département de Psychiatrie, Montréal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, CEDEX 07 France
| | - Sophia Mueller
- Institute of Clinical Radiology, University Hospitals, Munich, Germany.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA.,Harvard University, Center for Brain Science, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Robert D Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.,College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA
| | - Baudouin Forgeot d'Arc
- Centre d'excellence en Troubles envahissants du dévelopement de l'Université de Montréal (CETEDUM), Montréal, Canada.,Hôpital Rivière-des-Prairies, Département de Psychiatrie, Montréal, Canada.,Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sebastien Jacquemont
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte Justine, Montréal, Canada.,Service of Medical Genetics, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011 Switzerland
| | - Lan Xiong
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada
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44
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Rheb activation disrupts spine synapse formation through accumulation of syntenin in tuberous sclerosis complex. Nat Commun 2015; 6:6842. [PMID: 25880340 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheb is a small GTP-binding protein and its GTPase activity is activated by the complex of Tsc1 and Tsc2 whose mutations cause tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). We previously reported that cultured TSC neurons showed impaired spine synapse morphogenesis in an mTORC1-independent manner. Here we show that the PDZ protein syntenin preferentially binds to the GDP-bound form of Rheb. The levels of syntenin are significantly higher in TSC neurons than in wild-type neurons because the Rheb-GDP-syntenin complex is prone to proteasomal degradation. Accumulated syntenin in TSC neurons disrupts spine synapse formation through inhibition of the association between syndecan-2 and calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine protein kinase. Instead, syntenin enhances excitatory shaft synapse formation on dendrites by interacting with ephrinB3. Downregulation of syntenin in TSC neurons restores both spine and shaft synapse densities. These findings suggest that Rheb-syntenin signalling may be a novel therapeutic target for abnormalities in spine and shaft synapses in TSC neurons.
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45
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Zhu D, Li C, Swanson AM, Villalba RM, Guo J, Zhang Z, Matheny S, Murakami T, Stephenson JR, Daniel S, Fukata M, Hall RA, Olson JJ, Neigh GN, Smith Y, Rainnie DG, Van Meir EG. BAI1 regulates spatial learning and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:1497-508. [PMID: 25751059 DOI: 10.1172/jci74603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is the ability of synapses to modulate the strength of neuronal connections; however, the molecular factors that regulate this feature are incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrated that mice lacking brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1 (BAI1) have severe deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory that are accompanied by enhanced long-term potentiation (LTP), impaired long-term depression (LTD), and a thinning of the postsynaptic density (PSD) at hippocampal synapses. We showed that compared with WT animals, mice lacking Bai1 exhibit reduced protein levels of the canonical PSD component PSD-95 in the brain, which stems from protein destabilization. We determined that BAI1 prevents PSD-95 polyubiquitination and degradation through an interaction with murine double minute 2 (MDM2), the E3 ubiquitin ligase that regulates PSD-95 stability. Restoration of PSD-95 expression in hippocampal neurons in BAI1-deficient mice by viral gene therapy was sufficient to compensate for Bai1 loss and rescued deficits in synaptic plasticity. Together, our results reveal that interaction of BAI1 with MDM2 in the brain modulates PSD-95 levels and thereby regulates synaptic plasticity. Moreover, these results suggest that targeting this pathway has therapeutic potential for a variety of neurological disorders.
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46
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Profiling of ubiquitination pathway genes in peripheral cells from patients with frontotemporal dementia due to C9ORF72 and GRN mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:1385-94. [PMID: 25580532 PMCID: PMC4307308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16011385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We analysed the expression levels of 84 key genes involved in the regulated degradation of cellular protein by the ubiquitin-proteasome system in peripheral cells from patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) due to C9ORF72 and GRN mutations, as compared with sporadic FTD and age-matched controls. A SABiosciences PCR array was used to investigate the transcription profile in a discovery population consisting of six patients each in C9ORF72, GRN, sporadic FTD and age-matched control groups. A generalized down-regulation of gene expression compared with controls was observed in C9ORF72 expansion carriers and sporadic FTD patients. In particular, in both groups, four genes, UBE2I, UBE2Q1, UBE2E1 and UBE2N, were down-regulated at a statistically significant (p < 0.05) level. All of them encode for members of the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme family. In GRN mutation carriers, no statistically significant deregulation of ubiquitination pathway genes was observed, except for the UBE2Z gene, which displays E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme activity, and was found to be statistically significant up-regulated (p = 0.006). These preliminary results suggest that the proteasomal degradation pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of FTD associated with TDP-43 pathology, although different proteins are altered in carriers of GRN mutations as compared with carriers of the C9ORF72 expansion.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Impairment of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a wide variety of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's diseases. The most significant risk factor for the development of these disorders is aging, which is associated with a progressive decline in UPS activity and the accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins. To date, no therapies have been developed that can specifically up-regulate this system. RECENT ADVANCES In the neurodegenerative brain, dysfunction of the UPS has been associated with the deposition of ubiquitinated protein aggregates and widespread disruption of the proteostasis network. Recent research has identified further evidence of impairment in substrate ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, which could contribute to the loss of cellular proteostasis in neurodegenerative disease. Novel strategies for activation of the UPS by genetic manipulation and treatment with synthetic compounds have also recently been identified. CRITICAL ISSUES Here, we discuss the specific roles of the UPS in the healthy central nervous system and establish how dysfunctional components can contribute to neurotoxicity in the context of disease. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Knowledge of the UPS components that are specifically or preferentially involved in neurodegenerative disease will be critical in the development of targeted therapies which aim at limiting the accumulation of misfolded proteins without gross disturbance of this major proteolytic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris McKinnon
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London Institute of Neurology , London, United Kingdom
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48
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Leal G, Afonso PM, Salazar IL, Duarte CB. Regulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity by BDNF. Brain Res 2014; 1621:82-101. [PMID: 25451089 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as a major regulator of activity-dependent plasticity at excitatory synapses in the mammalian central nervous system. In particular, much attention has been given to the role of the neurotrophin in the regulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), a sustained enhancement of excitatory synaptic strength believed to underlie learning and memory processes. In this review we summarize the evidence pointing to a role for BDNF in generating functional and structural changes at synapses required for both early- and late phases of LTP in the hippocampus. The available information regarding the pre- and/or postsynaptic release of BDNF and action of the neurotrophin during LTP will be also reviewed. Finally, we discuss the effects of BDNF on the synaptic proteome, either by acting on the protein synthesis machinery and/or by regulating protein degradation by calpains and possibly by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). This fine-tuned control of the synaptic proteome rather than a simple upregulation of the protein synthesis may play a key role in BDNF-mediated synaptic potentiation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled SI: Brain and Memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graciano Leal
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pedro M Afonso
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ivan L Salazar
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB) and Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carlos B Duarte
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
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49
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Tong J, Yang H, Eom SH, Chun C, Im YJ. Structure of the GH1 domain of guanylate kinase-associated protein from Rattus norvegicus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:130-5. [PMID: 25152391 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Guanylate-kinase-associated protein (GKAP) is a scaffolding protein that links NMDA receptor-PSD-95 to Shank-Homer complexes by protein-protein interactions at the synaptic junction. GKAP family proteins are characterized by the presence of a C-terminal conserved GKAP homology domain 1 (GH1) of unknown structure and function. In this study, crystal structure of the GH1 domain of GKAP from Rattus norvegicus was determined in fusion with an N-terminal maltose-binding protein at 2.0 Å resolution. The structure of GKAP GH1 displays a three-helix bundle connected by short flexible loops. The predicted helix α4 which was not visible in the crystal structure associates weakly with the helix α3 suggesting dynamic nature of the GH1 domain. The strict conservation of GH1 domain across GKAP family members and the lack of a catalytic active site required for enzyme activity imply that the GH1 domain might serve as a protein-protein interaction module for the synaptic protein clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsen Tong
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Huiseon Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Eom
- School of Life Sciences, Steitz Center for Structural Biology, and Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - ChangJu Chun
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea.
| | - Young Jun Im
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea.
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50
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Tsai NP. Ubiquitin proteasome system-mediated degradation of synaptic proteins: An update from the postsynaptic side. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2838-2842. [PMID: 25135362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Revised: 08/10/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system is one of the principle mechanisms for the regulation of protein homeostasis in mammalian cells. In dynamic cellular structures such as neuronal synapses, ubiquitin proteasome system and protein translation provide an efficient way for cells to respond promptly to local stimulation and regulate neuroplasticity. The majority of research related to long-term plasticity has been focused on the postsynapses and has shown that ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of specific proteins are involved in various activity-dependent plasticity events. This review summarizes recent achievements in understanding ubiquitination of postsynaptic proteins and its impact on synapse plasticity and discusses the direction for advancing future research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nien-Pei Tsai
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
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