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Pedroni L, Doherty DZ, Dall'Asta C, Galaverna G, Bell SG, Dellafiora L. Computational methods meet in vitro techniques: A case study on fusaric acid and its possible detoxification through cytochrome P450 enzymes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 273:116167. [PMID: 38447519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are known environmental pollutants that may contaminate food and feed chains. Some mycotoxins are regulated in many countries to limit the trading of contaminated and harmful commodities. However, the so-called emerging mycotoxins are poorly understood and need to be investigated further. Fusaric acid is an emerging mycotoxin, noxious to plants and animals, but is known to be less toxic to plants when hydroxylated. The detoxification routes effective in animals have not been elucidated yet. In this context, this study integrated in silico and in vitro techniques to discover potential bioremediation routes to turn fusaric acid to its less toxic metabolites. The toxicodynamics of these forms in humans have also been addressed. An in silico screening process, followed by molecular docking and dynamics studies, identified CYP199A4 from the bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris HaA2 as a potential fusaric acid biotransforming enzyme. Its activity was confirmed in vitro. However, the effect of hydroxylation seemed to have a limited impact on the modelled toxicodynamics against human targets. This study represents a starting point to develop a hybrid in silico/in vitro pipeline to find bioremediation agents for other food, feed and environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pedroni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Stephen G Bell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
| | - Luca Dellafiora
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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Sadhu N, He Y, Yao Y, Wilkie DJ, Molokie RE, Wang ZJ. Candidate gene association study suggests potential role of dopamine beta-hydroxylase in pain heterogeneity in sickle cell disease. Front Genet 2023; 14:1193603. [PMID: 37384335 PMCID: PMC10296203 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1193603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pain is a lifelong companion of individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) and has a severe impact on their quality of life. Both acute crisis pain and chronic non-crisis pain exhibit high variability between individuals, making it difficult to effectively manage sickle cell-related pain. We investigated the role of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene polymorphisms on pain variability in SCD. DBH is a key enzyme in the catecholamine biosynthesis pathway that catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, both of which are known mediators of pain and pain-related behaviors. Methods: Acute crisis pain-related utilization and non-crisis chronic pain scores of 131 African Americans with SCD were obtained. Results and discussion: Association analyses revealed that the T allele of upstream variant rs1611115 and downstream variant rs129882 correlated with higher severity of chronic pain in an additive model. On the other hand, the A allele of missense variant rs5324 associated with lower risk of both acute crisis pain and chronic pain. Similarly, the C allele of intronic variant rs2797849 was associated with lower incidence of acute crisis pain in the additive model. In addition, tissue-specific eQTL revealed that the T allele of rs1611115 correlated with decreased expression of DBH in the frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex (GTEx), and decreased expression of DBH-AS1 in blood (eQTLGen). Bioinformatic approaches predicted that rs1611115 may be altering a transcription factor binding site, thereby, contributing to its potential effect. Taken together, findings from this study suggest that potential functional polymorphisms of DBH may modulate pain perception in SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjana Sadhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ying He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, United States
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Yingwei Yao
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Diana J. Wilkie
- Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, University of Florida College of Nursing, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Robert E. Molokie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, United States
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Jesse Brown Veteran’s Administration Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Zaijie Jim Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL, United States
- Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago College of Engineering, Chicago, IL, United States
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Chand V, Kapoor A, Kundu S, Nag A. Identification of a peptide that disrupts hADA3-E6 interaction with implications in HPV induced cancer therapy. Life Sci 2022; 288:120157. [PMID: 34801511 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM High risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is an infectious pathogen implicated in a variety of cancers with poor clinical outcome. The mechanism of HPV induced cellular transformation and its intervention remains to be elucidated. Human ADA3 (hADA3), a cellular target of HPV16 E6, is an essential and conserved component of the ADA transcriptional coactivator complex. High risk HPV-E6 binds and functionally inactivates hADA3 to initiate oncogenesis. The aim of this study was to identify the interaction interface between hADA3 and HPV16E6 for designing inhibitory peptides that can potentially disrupt the hADA3-E6 interaction. MATERIAL METHODS The present investigation employed structure-based in silico tools supported by biochemical validation, in vivo interaction studies and analysis of posttranslational modifications. KEY FINDINGS First 3D-model of hADA3 was proposed and domains involved in the oncogenic interaction between hADA3 and HPV16E6 were delineated. Rationally designed peptide disrupted hADA3-E6 interaction and impeded malignant properties of cervical cancer cells. SIGNIFICANCE Intervention of hADA3-E6 interaction thus promises to be a potential strategy to combat HPV induced oncogenic conditions like cervical cancer. The investigation provides mechanistic insights into HPV pathogenesis and shows promise in developing novel therapeutics to treat HPV induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaibhav Chand
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Abhijeet Kapoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
| | - Alo Nag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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Kuo HW, Cheng W. Cloning and characterization of a key enzyme in octopaminergic pathway: Tyramine beta-hydroxylase from Litopenaeus vannamei, as expressed during Vibrio alginolytics infection and hypothermal stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:1-10. [PMID: 34600115 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tyramine beta-hydroxylase (TBH) is needed for the biosynthesis of the octopamine (OA) from tyramine (TA). Both OA and TA act as neurotransmitters, neurohormones, and neuromodulators in the invertebrate nervous system. In this study, TBH was identified in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, and further investigation on its potential function was conducted after inducing hypothermal stress and Vibrio alginolyticus infection. TBH of L. vannamei (LvTBH) was comprised 2178 nucleotide residues and contained an open reading frame encoding 408 amino acids, belonging to the Copper type II, ascorbate-dependent monooxygenases, was characterized by two Cu2_monooxygen domains and five glycosylation sites. LvTBH expression was especially abundant in muscle, and mainly in brain and thoracic ganglia of nervous system, eyestalk tissues, epithelium, and stomach, as determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The effects of hypothermal stress showed significant increases in LvTBH at 15, 30 and 60 min in brain and at 30 min in haemocyte, accompanied by an increase in OA level in haemolymph from 15 to 60 min. Significant increases in LvTBH occurred at 15, 30 and 60 min in haemocyte and at 60 min in brain tissue, and was proportional to the OA level of haemolymph under Vibrio alginolyticus infection from 30 to 60 min. Here, we demonstrated that LvTBH is functionally responsible for biogenic amine synthesis, suggesting that the increased release of OA in haemolymph for potential modulation of physiological and immunological responses is the consequence of the upregulated LvTBH gene expression in L. vannamei exposed to hypothermal stress and Vibrio alginolyticus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Wei Kuo
- General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Winton Cheng
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan, ROC.
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Dey SK, Saini M, Prabhakar P, Kundu S. Dopamine β hydroxylase as a potential drug target to combat hypertension. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1043-1057. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1795830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Saini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
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Formation of Unstable and very Reactive Chemical Species Catalyzed by Metalloenzymes: A Mechanistic Overview. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24132462. [PMID: 31277490 PMCID: PMC6651669 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature has tailored a wide range of metalloenzymes that play a vast array of functions in all living organisms and from which their survival and evolution depends on. These enzymes catalyze some of the most important biological processes in nature, such as photosynthesis, respiration, water oxidation, molecular oxygen reduction, and nitrogen fixation. They are also among the most proficient catalysts in terms of their activity, selectivity, and ability to operate at mild conditions of temperature, pH, and pressure. In the absence of these enzymes, these reactions would proceed very slowly, if at all, suggesting that these enzymes made the way for the emergence of life as we know today. In this review, the structure and catalytic mechanism of a selection of diverse metalloenzymes that are involved in the production of highly reactive and unstable species, such as hydroxide anions, hydrides, radical species, and superoxide molecules are analyzed. The formation of such reaction intermediates is very difficult to occur under biological conditions and only a rationalized selection of a particular metal ion, coordinated to a very specific group of ligands, and immersed in specific proteins allows these reactions to proceed. Interestingly, different metal coordination spheres can be used to produce the same reactive and unstable species, although through a different chemistry. A selection of hand-picked examples of different metalloenzymes illustrating this diversity is provided and the participation of different metal ions in similar reactions (but involving different mechanism) is discussed.
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Pittayanon R, Lau JT, Yuan Y, Leontiadis GI, Tse F, Surette M, Moayyedi P. Gut Microbiota in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome-A Systematic Review. Gastroenterology 2019; 157:97-108. [PMID: 30940523 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common but difficult to treat. Altering the gut microbiota has been proposed as a strategy for treatment of IBS, but the association between the gut microbiome and IBS symptoms has not been well established. We performed a systematic review to explore evidence for this association. METHODS We searched databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CDSR, and CENTRAL, through April 2, 2018 for case-control studies comparing the fecal or colon microbiomes of adult or pediatric patients with IBS with microbiomes of healthy individuals (controls). The primary outcome was differences in specific gut microbes between patients with IBS and controls. RESULTS The search identified 2631 citations; 24 studies from 22 articles were included. Most studies evaluated adults presenting with various IBS subtypes. Family Enterobacteriaceae (phylum Proteobacteria), family Lactobacillaceae, and genus Bacteroides were increased in patients with IBS compared with controls, whereas uncultured Clostridiales I, genus Faecalibacterium (including Faecalibacterium prausnitzii), and genus Bifidobacterium were decreased in patients with IBS. The diversity of the microbiota was either decreased or not different in IBS patients compared with controls. More than 40% of included studies did not state whether cases and controls were comparable (did not describe sex and/or age characteristics). CONCLUSIONS In a systematic review, we identified specific bacteria associated with microbiomes of patients with IBS vs controls. Studies are needed to determine whether these microbes are a product or cause of IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rapat Pittayanon
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jennifer T Lau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuhong Yuan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Grigorios I Leontiadis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frances Tse
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Surette
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Moayyedi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Gonzalez-Lopez E, Kawasawa-Imamura Y, Zhang L, Huang X, Koltun WA, Coates MD, Vrana KE. A single nucleotide polymorphism in dopamine beta hydroxylase (rs6271(C>T)) is over-represented in inflammatory bowel disease patients and reduces circulating enzyme. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210175. [PMID: 30817802 PMCID: PMC6394932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are associated with altered neuronal regulation of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and release of norepinephrine (NE). As sympathetic innervation of the GI tract modulates motility, blood flow, and immune function, changes in NE signaling may alter the risk of developing IBD. Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DβH), the enzyme responsible for NE production, has been suggested to play a critical role in IBD, however the exact mechanism is unknown. We hypothesized that genetic variants of DβH could increase the risk of IBD. We performed genetic analysis on 45 IBD patients and 74 controls. IBD patients were screened by targeted exome sequencing and compared with NeuroX DβH single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping data of the controls. Serum DβH protein levels for 15 IBD patients and 13 controls were evaluated using immunoblots and competitive ELISA. Seven SNPs were observed from DβH targeted exome sequencing in the 45 IBD patients. A single non-synonymous SNP, rs6271 (Arg549Cys), had a significant association with IBD patients; the odds ratio was a 5.6 times higher SNP frequency in IBD patients compared to controls (p = 0.002). We also examined the function and availability of the protein in both the IBD and control patients' sera bearing DβH Arg549Cys. Both control and IBD subjects bearing the heterozygote allele had statistically lower DβH protein levels while the intrinsic enzyme activity was higher. This is the first report of a noradrenergic genetic polymorphism (rs6271; Arg549Cys) associated with IBD. This polymorphism is associated with significantly lower levels of circulating DβH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Gonzalez-Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Yuka Kawasawa-Imamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Genome Sciences Core Facility, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Genome Sciences Core Facility, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Radiology, Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, and Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Walter A. Koltun
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Matthew D. Coates
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Pennsylvania State University Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Kent E. Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Pinto-Sanchez MI, Hall GB, Ghajar K, Nardelli A, Bolino C, Lau JT, Martin FP, Cominetti O, Welsh C, Rieder A, Traynor J, Gregory C, De Palma G, Pigrau M, Ford AC, Macri J, Berger B, Bergonzelli G, Surette MG, Collins SM, Moayyedi P, Bercik P. Probiotic Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 Reduces Depression Scores and Alters Brain Activity: A Pilot Study in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Gastroenterology 2017; 153:448-459.e8. [PMID: 28483500 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 463] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Probiotics can reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), but little is known about their effects on psychiatric comorbidities. We performed a prospective study to evaluate the effects of Bifidobacterium longum NCC3001 (BL) on anxiety and depression in patients with IBS. METHODS We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 44 adults with IBS and diarrhea or a mixed-stool pattern (based on Rome III criteria) and mild to moderate anxiety and/or depression (based on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale) at McMaster University in Canada, from March 2011 to May 2014. At the screening visit, clinical history and symptoms were assessed and blood samples were collected. Patients were then randomly assigned to groups and given daily BL (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) for 6 weeks. At weeks 0, 6, and 10, we determined patients' levels of anxiety and depression, IBS symptoms, quality of life, and somatization using validated questionnaires. At weeks 0 and 6, stool, urine and blood samples were collected, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) test was performed. We assessed brain activation patterns, fecal microbiota, urine metabolome profiles, serum markers of inflammation, neurotransmitters, and neurotrophin levels. RESULTS At week 6, 14 of 22 patients in the BL group had reduction in depression scores of 2 points or more on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, vs 7 of 22 patients in the placebo group (P = .04). BL had no significant effect on anxiety or IBS symptoms. Patients in the BL group had a mean increase in quality of life score compared with the placebo group. The fMRI analysis showed that BL reduced responses to negative emotional stimuli in multiple brain areas, including amygdala and fronto-limbic regions, compared with placebo. The groups had similar fecal microbiota profiles, serum markers of inflammation, and levels of neurotrophins and neurotransmitters, but the BL group had reduced urine levels of methylamines and aromatic amino acids metabolites. At week 10, depression scores were reduced in patients given BL vs placebo. CONCLUSION In a placebo-controlled trial, we found that the probiotic BL reduces depression but not anxiety scores and increases quality of life in patients with IBS. These improvements were associated with changes in brain activation patterns that indicate that this probiotic reduces limbic reactivity. ClinicalTrials.gov no. NCT01276626.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Geoffrey B Hall
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kathy Ghajar
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Nardelli
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Carolina Bolino
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer T Lau
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Christopher Welsh
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amber Rieder
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jenna Traynor
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Caitlin Gregory
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Behavior, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Giada De Palma
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Marc Pigrau
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander C Ford
- Leeds Gastroenterology Institute, St. James's University Hospital, and Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Joseph Macri
- Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard Berger
- Nestlé Research Center, Nutrition Institute, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael G Surette
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Stephen M Collins
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Moayyedi
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Premysl Bercik
- Department of Medicine, Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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Punchaichira TJ, Dey SK, Mukhopadhyay A, Kundu S, Thelma BK. Characterization of SNPs in the dopamine-β-hydroxylase gene providing new insights into its structure-function relationship. Neurogenetics 2017; 18:155-168. [PMID: 28707163 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-017-0519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DBH, EC 1.14.17.1), an oxido-reductase that catalyses the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine, is largely expressed in sympathetic neurons and adrenal medulla. Several regulatory and structural variants in DBH associated with various neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular diseases and a few that may determine enzyme activity have also been identified. Due to paucity of studies on functional characterization of DBH variants, its structure-function relationship is poorly understood. The purpose of the study was to characterize five non-synonymous (ns) variants that were prioritized either based on previous association studies or Sorting Tolerant From Intolerant (SIFT) algorithm. The DBH ORF with wild type (WT) and site-directed mutagenized variants were transfected into HEK293 cells to generate transient and stable lines expressing these variant enzymes. Activity was determined by UPLC-PDA and corresponding quantity by MRMHR on a TripleTOF 5600 MS respectively of spent media from stable cell lines. Homospecific activity computed for the WT and variant proteins showed a marginal decrease in A318S, W544S and R549C variants. In transient cell lines, differential secretion was observed in the case of L317P, W544S and R549C. Secretory defect in L317P was confirmed by localization in ER. R549C exhibited both decreased homospecific activity and differential secretion. Of note, all the variants were seen to be destabilizing based on in silico folding analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, lending support to our experimental observations. These novel genotype-phenotype correlations in this gene of considerable pharmacological relevance have implications for dopamine-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Anirban Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - B K Thelma
- Department of Genetics, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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In vitro screening for inhibitor of cloned Drosophila melanogaster tyramine-β-hydroxylase and docking studies. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:889-895. [PMID: 27355756 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic amines are common biologically active substances extended within the whole animal kingdom where they play vital roles as signal transducer as well as regulator of cell functions. One of these biogenic amines called octopamine (OA) is synthesized from tyramine (TA) by the catalysis of tyramine-β-hydroxylase (TβH) originated in the insect nervous system. Both TA and OA act as neurotransmitters, neurohormones and neuromodulators in the arthropod nervous system. Herein, the inhibitory activity of 1-arylimidazole-2(3H)-thiones (AITs) was tested on cloned Drosophila tyramine-β-hydroxylase (DmTβH) expressed in Bombyx mori strain. Radiolabelled 3H-TA was used to analyze the activity of AITs exhibited inhibitory effects on DmTβH, whose ID50 values range from 0.02 to 2511nM where DmTβH was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner at pH 7.6 and 25°C during a 30min of incubation. To understand the catalytic role of the TβH, a three dimensional structure of the TβH from Drosophila melanogaster was constructed by homology modeling using the Phyre2 web server with 100% confidence. The modeled three-dimensional structure of TβH was used to perform the docking study with AITs. This may give more insights to precise design of inhibitors for TβH to control insect's population.
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Liu C, Kraja AT, Smith JA, Brody JA, Franceschini N, Bis JC, Rice K, Morrison AC, Lu Y, Weiss S, Guo X, Palmas W, Martin LW, Chen YDI, Surendran P, Drenos F, Cook JP, Auer PL, Chu AY, Giri A, Zhao W, Jakobsdottir J, Lin LA, Stafford JM, Amin N, Mei H, Yao J, Voorman A, Larson MG, Grove ML, Smith AV, Hwang SJ, Chen H, Huan T, Kosova G, Stitziel NO, Kathiresan S, Samani N, Schunkert H, Deloukas P, Li M, Fuchsberger C, Pattaro C, Gorski M, Kooperberg C, Papanicolaou GJ, Rossouw JE, Faul JD, Kardia SLR, Bouchard C, Raffel LJ, Uitterlinden AG, Franco OH, Vasan RS, O'Donnell CJ, Taylor KD, Liu K, Bottinger EP, Gottesman O, Daw EW, Giulianini F, Ganesh S, Salfati E, Harris TB, Launer LJ, Dörr M, Felix SB, Rettig R, Völzke H, Kim E, Lee WJ, Lee IT, Sheu WHH, Tsosie KS, Edwards DRV, Liu Y, Correa A, Weir DR, Völker U, Ridker PM, Boerwinkle E, Gudnason V, Reiner AP, van Duijn CM, Borecki IB, Edwards TL, Chakravarti A, Rotter JI, Psaty BM, Loos RJF, Fornage M, Ehret GB, Newton-Cheh C, Levy D, Chasman DI. Meta-analysis identifies common and rare variants influencing blood pressure and overlapping with metabolic trait loci. Nat Genet 2016; 48:1162-70. [PMID: 27618448 PMCID: PMC5320952 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Meta-analyses of association results for blood pressure using exome-centric single-variant and gene-based tests identified 31 new loci in a discovery stage among 146,562 individuals, with follow-up and meta-analysis in 180,726 additional individuals (total n = 327,288). These blood pressure-associated loci are enriched for known variants for cardiometabolic traits. Associations were also observed for the aggregation of rare and low-frequency missense variants in three genes, NPR1, DBH, and PTPMT1. In addition, blood pressure associations at 39 previously reported loci were confirmed. The identified variants implicate biological pathways related to cardiometabolic traits, vascular function, and development. Several new variants are inferred to have roles in transcription or as hubs in protein-protein interaction networks. Genetic risk scores constructed from the identified variants were strongly associated with coronary disease and myocardial infarction. This large collection of blood pressure-associated loci suggests new therapeutic strategies for hypertension, emphasizing a link with cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Liu
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Aldi T Kraja
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jennifer A Brody
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Nora Franceschini
- Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Joshua C Bis
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Kenneth Rice
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Alanna C Morrison
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston Texas, USA
| | - Yingchang Lu
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stefan Weiss
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Xiuqing Guo
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Walter Palmas
- Division of General Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lisa W Martin
- George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Praveen Surendran
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fotios Drenos
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genetics, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Oakfield House, Oakfield Grove, Bristol, UK
| | - James P Cook
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Paul L Auer
- Joseph J. Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ayush Giri
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Li-An Lin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeanette M Stafford
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Biostatistical Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Najaf Amin
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Data Science, School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Jie Yao
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Arend Voorman
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Martin G Larson
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Megan L Grove
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston Texas, USA
| | - Albert V Smith
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Han Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Gulum Kosova
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathan O Stitziel
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sekar Kathiresan
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nilesh Samani
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Panos Deloukas
- Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Man Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Christian Fuchsberger
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Cristian Pattaro
- Center for Biomedicine, European Academy of Bozen/Bolzano (EURAC), Bolzano, Italy (affiliated with the University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany)
| | - Mathias Gorski
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Charles Kooperberg
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - George J Papanicolaou
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jacques E Rossouw
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica D Faul
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sharon L R Kardia
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Claude Bouchard
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Leslie J Raffel
- Medical Genetics Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston Veterans Administration Healthcare, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Kiang Liu
- Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erwin P Bottinger
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Omri Gottesman
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - E Warwick Daw
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Franco Giulianini
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Santhi Ganesh
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elias Salfati
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tamara B Harris
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Demography and Biometry, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Neuroepidemiology Section, National Institute on Aging, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Marcus Dörr
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rainer Rettig
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Eric Kim
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Wen-Jane Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - I-Te Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wayne H-H Sheu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Technology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Krystal S Tsosie
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Digna R Velez Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Epidemiology and Prevention Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine Research, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Adolfo Correa
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - David R Weir
- Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Uwe Völker
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst Moritz Arndt University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston Texas, USA
| | - Vilmundur Gudnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavogur, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Alexander P Reiner
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ingrid B Borecki
- Division of Statistical Genomics, Department of Genetics and Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Todd L Edwards
- Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Institute for Medicine and Public Health, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Aravinda Chakravarti
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and Department of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ruth J F Loos
- Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Georg B Ehret
- Center for Complex Disease Genomics, McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christopher Newton-Cheh
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA
- Population Sciences Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daniel I Chasman
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Vendelboe TV, Harris P, Zhao Y, Walter TS, Harlos K, El Omari K, Christensen HEM. The crystal structure of human dopamine β-hydroxylase at 2.9 Å resolution. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2016; 2:e1500980. [PMID: 27152332 PMCID: PMC4846438 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The norepinephrine pathway is believed to modulate behavioral and physiological processes, such as mood, overall arousal, and attention. Furthermore, abnormalities in the pathway have been linked to numerous diseases, for example hypertension, depression, anxiety, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and cocaine dependence. We report the crystal structure of human dopamine β-hydroxylase, which is the enzyme converting dopamine to norepinephrine. The structure of the DOMON (dopamine β-monooxygenase N-terminal) domain, also found in >1600 other proteins, reveals a possible metal-binding site and a ligand-binding pocket. The catalytic core structure shows two different conformations: an open active site, as also seen in another member of this enzyme family [the peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating (and α-amidating) monooxygenase], and a closed active site structure, in which the two copper-binding sites are only 4 to 5 Å apart, in what might be a coupled binuclear copper site. The dimerization domain adopts a conformation that bears no resemblance to any other known protein structure. The structure provides new molecular insights into the numerous devastating disorders of both physiological and neurological origins associated with the dopamine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine V. Vendelboe
- Department of Chemistry, Kemitorvet 207, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pernille Harris
- Department of Chemistry, Kemitorvet 207, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thomas S. Walter
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Karl Harlos
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Kamel El Omari
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Hans E. M. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Kemitorvet 207, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Gaval-Cruz M, Goertz RB, Puttick DJ, Bowles DE, Meyer RC, Hall RA, Ko D, Paladini CA, Weinshenker D. Chronic loss of noradrenergic tone produces β-arrestin2-mediated cocaine hypersensitivity and alters cellular D2 responses in the nucleus accumbens. Addict Biol 2016; 21:35-48. [PMID: 25123018 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cocaine blocks plasma membrane monoamine transporters and increases extracellular levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT). The addictive properties of cocaine are mediated primarily by DA, while NE and 5-HT play modulatory roles. Chronic inhibition of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), which converts DA to NE, increases the aversive effects of cocaine and reduces cocaine use in humans, and produces behavioral hypersensitivity to cocaine and D2 agonism in rodents, but the underlying mechanism is unknown. We found a decrease in β-arrestin2 (βArr2) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) following chronic genetic or pharmacological DBH inhibition, and overexpression of βArr2 in the NAc normalized cocaine-induced locomotion in DBH knockout (Dbh -/-) mice. The D2/3 agonist quinpirole decreased excitability in NAc medium spiny neurons (MSNs) from control, but not Dbh -/- animals, where instead there was a trend for an excitatory effect. The Gαi inhibitor NF023 abolished the quinpirole-induced decrease in excitability in control MSNs, but had no effect in Dbh -/- MSNs, whereas the Gαs inhibitor NF449 restored the ability of quinpirole to decrease excitability in Dbh -/- MSNs, but had no effect in control MSNs. These results suggest that chronic loss of noradrenergic tone alters behavioral responses to cocaine via decreases in βArr2 and cellular responses to D2/D3 activation, potentially via changes in D2-like receptor G-protein coupling in NAc MSNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Gaval-Cruz
- Department of Human Genetics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta GA USA
| | - Richard B. Goertz
- Department of Biology; Neurosciences Institute; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio TX USA
| | - Daniel J. Puttick
- Department of Human Genetics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta GA USA
| | - Dawn E. Bowles
- Department of Surgery; Duke University School of Medicine; Durham NC USA
| | - Rebecca C. Meyer
- Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta GA USA
| | - Randy A. Hall
- Department of Pharmacology; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta GA USA
| | - Daijin Ko
- Department of Management Science and Statistics; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio TX USA
| | - Carlos A. Paladini
- Department of Biology; Neurosciences Institute; University of Texas at San Antonio; San Antonio TX USA
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics; Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta GA USA
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15
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Nciri R, Bourogaa E, Jbahi S, Allagui MS, Elfeki A, Vincent C, Croute F. Chronic neuroprotective effects of low concentration lithium on SH-SY5Y cells: possible involvement of stress proteins and gene expression. Neural Regen Res 2014; 9:735-40. [PMID: 25206881 PMCID: PMC4146276 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.131578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of lithium on cells, in this study, we exposed SH-SY5Y cells to 0.5 mmol/L lithium carbonate (Li2CO2) for 25-50 weeks and then detected the expression levels of some neurobiology related genes and post-translational modifications of stress proteins in SH-SY5Y cells. cDNA arrays showed that pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) and calmodulin 3 (CaM 3) expression levels were significantly down-regulated, phosphatase protein PP2A expression was lightly down-regulated, and casein kinase II (CK2), threonine/tyrosine phosphatase 7 (PYST2), and dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) expression levels were significantly up-regulated. Besides, western blot analysis of stress proteins (HSP27, HSP70, GRP78 and GRP94) showed an over-expression of two proteins: a 105 kDa protein which is a hyper-phosphorylated isoform of GRP94, and a 108 kDa protein which is a phosphorylated tetramer of HSP27. These results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of lithium are likely related to gene expressions and post-translational modifications of proteins cited above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Nciri
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Purpan Medicine Faculty, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France ; Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Tunisia, France
| | | | - Samira Jbahi
- Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Tunisia, France
| | - Mohamed Salah Allagui
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Purpan Medicine Faculty, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France ; Ecophysiology Laboratory, Sciences Faculty of Sfax, Tunisia, France
| | | | - Christian Vincent
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Purpan Medicine Faculty, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Croute
- Cellular Biology Laboratory, Purpan Medicine Faculty, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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16
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Shaik KS, Wang Y, Aravind L, Moussian B. The Knickkopf DOMON domain is essential for cuticle differentiation in Drosophila melanogaster. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 86:100-106. [PMID: 24723222 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine monoxygenase N-terminal (DOMON) domain is found in extracellular proteins across several eukaryotic and prokaryotic taxa. It has been proposed that this domain binds to heme or sugar moieties. Here, we have analyzed the role of four highly conserved amino acids in the DOMON domain of the Drosophila melanogaster Knickkopf protein that is inserted into the apical plasma membrane and assists extracellular chitin organization. In principal, we generated Knickkopf versions with exchanged residues tryptophan(299), methionine(333), arginine(401), or histidine(437), and scored for the ability of the respective engineered protein to normalize the knickkopf mutant phenotype. Our results confirm the absolute necessity of tryptophan(299), methionine(333), and histidine(437) for Knickkopf function and stability, the latter two being predicted to be critical for heme binding. In contrast, arginine(401) is required for full efficiency of Knickkopf activity. Taken together, our genetic data support the prediction of these residues to mediate the function of Knickkopf during cuticle differentiation in insects. Hence, the DOMON domain is apparently an essential factor contributing to the construction of polysaccharide-based extracellular matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleelulla Saheb Shaik
- Genetik der Tiere, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard-Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Yu F, Cangelosi VM, Zastrow ML, Tegoni M, Plegaria JS, Tebo AG, Mocny CS, Ruckthong L, Qayyum H, Pecoraro VL. Protein design: toward functional metalloenzymes. Chem Rev 2014; 114:3495-578. [PMID: 24661096 PMCID: PMC4300145 DOI: 10.1021/cr400458x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 340] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangting Yu
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Alison G. Tebo
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | | | - Leela Ruckthong
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hira Qayyum
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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18
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Horn T, Reddy Kakularam K, Anton M, Richter C, Reddanna P, Kuhn H. Functional characterization of genetic enzyme variations in human lipoxygenases. Redox Biol 2013; 1:566-77. [PMID: 24282679 PMCID: PMC3840004 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian lipoxygenases play a role in normal cell development and differentiation but they have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, hyperproliferative and neurodegenerative diseases. As lipid peroxidizing enzymes they are involved in the regulation of cellular redox homeostasis since they produce lipid hydroperoxides, which serve as an efficient source for free radicals. There are various epidemiological correlation studies relating naturally occurring variations in the six human lipoxygenase genes (SNPs or rare mutations) to the frequency for various diseases in these individuals, but for most of the described variations no functional data are available. Employing a combined bioinformatical and enzymological strategy, which included structural modeling and experimental site-directed mutagenesis, we systematically explored the structural and functional consequences of non-synonymous genetic variations in four different human lipoxygenase genes (ALOX5, ALOX12, ALOX15, and ALOX15B) that have been identified in the human 1000 genome project. Due to a lack of a functional expression system we resigned to analyze the functionality of genetic variations in the hALOX12B and hALOXE3 gene. We found that most of the frequent non-synonymous coding SNPs are located at the enzyme surface and hardly alter the enzyme functionality. In contrast, genetic variations which affect functional important amino acid residues or lead to truncated enzyme variations (nonsense mutations) are usually rare with a global allele frequency<0.1%. This data suggest that there appears to be an evolutionary pressure on the coding regions of the lipoxygenase genes preventing the accumulation of loss-of-function variations in the human population. Non-synonymous coding variations in human lipoxygenases are mostly rare with a global allele frequency <1%. Common ALOX SNPs are mainly localized on the enzyme surface and hardly effect the enzyme functionality. hALOX15B Ala416Asp is a newly discovered loss-of-function mutation in the hALOX gene family while inactivity seems to be caused by severe structural alterations. Our data indicate that there is evolutionary pressure on these redox enzymes preventing the accumulation of loss-of-function variations in the human population. 1000 Genome database is a useful tool to analyze the distribution and functionality of variations in genes of interest.
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Key Words
- 12-H(p)ETE, (5Z,8Z,10E,14Z)-12-hydroperoxyeicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid
- 15-H(p)ETE, (5Z,8Z,11Z,13E)-15-hydroperoxyeicosa-5,8,11,13-tetraenoic acid
- 5-H(p)ETE, (6E,8Z,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroperoxyeicosa-6,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid
- 8-H(p)ETE, (5Z,9E,11Z,14Z)-8-hydroperoxyeicosa-5,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid
- ALOX, arachidonate lipoxygenase
- Eicosanoids
- Gene polymorphism
- H(p)ETE, hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- HETE, hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid
- IPTG, Isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranosid
- LOXs, lipoxygenases
- LTA4, 4-[(2S,3S)-3-[(1E,3E,5Z,8Z)-tetradeca-1,3,5,8-tetraen-1-yl]oxiran-2-yl]butanoic acid
- LTB4, 5(S),12(R)-dihydroxy-6,8,10,14-(Z,E,E,Z)-eicosatetraenoic acid
- LTC4, (5S,6R,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-6-{[(2R)-2-[(4S)-4-amino-4-carboxybutanamido]-2-[(carboxymethyl) carbamoyl]ethyl]sulfanyl}-5-hydroxyeicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid
- Leukotrienes
- Lipoxygenases
- SNP
- UTR, untranslated region
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Horn
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin-Charité, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117 Berlin, Germany
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19
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Manvich DF, DePoy LM, Weinshenker D. Dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitors enhance the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2013; 347:564-73. [PMID: 24068832 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.113.207746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme that converts dopamine (DA) to norepinephrine (NE) in noradrenergic cells, have shown promise for the treatment of cocaine abuse disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of these compounds have not been fully elucidated. We used the drug discrimination paradigm to determine the impact of DBH inhibitors on the interoceptive stimulus properties of cocaine. Sprague-Dawley rats were trained to discriminate cocaine (5.6 mg/kg) from saline using a multicomponent, food-reinforced discrimination procedure. On test days, subjects were pretreated with the nonselective DBH inhibitor disulfiram (0-100.0 mg/kg i.p.) or the selective DBH inhibitor nepicastat (0-56.0 mg/kg i.p.) 2 hours prior to a test session either alone or in combination with cumulatively administered cocaine (0-5.6 mg/kg i.p.). Neither disulfiram nor nepicastat substituted for the cocaine stimulus when tested up to doses that nonspecifically reduced responding. However, in combination studies, pretreatment with either disulfiram or nepicastat produced leftward shifts in the cocaine dose-response function and also conferred cocaine-like stimulus effects to the selective NE transporter inhibitor, reboxetine (0.3-5.6 mg/kg i.p.). These results indicate that pharmacological inhibition of DBH does not produce cocaine-like interoceptive stimulus effects alone, but functionally enhances the interoceptive stimulus effects of cocaine, possibly due to facilitated increases in DA released from noradrenergic terminals. These findings suggest that DBH inhibitors have low abuse liability and provide support to clinical reports that some subjective effects produced by cocaine, particularly aversive effects, are enhanced after DBH inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel F Manvich
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia (D.F.M., D.W.); and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (L.M.D.)
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20
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Asard H, Barbaro R, Trost P, Bérczi A. Cytochromes b561: ascorbate-mediated trans-membrane electron transport. Antioxid Redox Signal 2013; 19:1026-35. [PMID: 23249217 PMCID: PMC3763232 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2012.5065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Cytochromes b561 (CYB561s) constitute a family of trans-membrane (TM), di-heme proteins, occurring in a variety of organs and cell types, in plants and animals, and using ascorbate (ASC) as an electron donor. CYB561s function as monodehydroascorbate reductase, regenerating ASC, and as Fe³⁺-reductases, providing reduced iron for TM transport. A CYB561-core domain is also associated with dopamine β-monooxygenase redox domains (DOMON) in ubiquitous CYBDOM proteins. In plants, CYBDOMs form large protein families. Physiological functions supported by CYB561s and CYBDOMs include stress defense, cell wall modifications, iron metabolism, tumor suppression, and various neurological processes, including memory retention. CYB561s, therefore, significantly broaden our view on the physiological roles of ASC. RECENT ADVANCES The ubiquitous nature of CYB561s is only recently being recognized. Significant advances have been made through the study of recombinant CYB561s, revealing structural and functional properties of a unique "two-heme four-helix" protein configuration. In addition, the DOMON domains of CYBDOMs are suggested to contain another heme b. CRITICAL ISSUES New CYB561 proteins are still being identified, and there is a need to provide an insight and overview on the various roles of these proteins and their structural properties. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Mutant studies will reveal in greater detail the mechanisms by which CYB561s and CYBDOMs participate in cell metabolism in plants and animals. Moreover, the availability of efficient heterologous expression systems should allow protein crystallization, more detailed (atomic-level) structural information, and insights into the intra-molecular mechanism of electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Asard
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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21
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Schroeder JP, Alisha Epps S, Grice TW, Weinshenker D. The selective dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitor nepicastat attenuates multiple aspects of cocaine-seeking behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology 2013; 38:1032-8. [PMID: 23303068 PMCID: PMC3629392 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2012.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although norepinephrine (NE) does not typically modulate cocaine self-administration under traditional schedules of reinforcement, it is required for different inducers of the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior via activation of multiple adrenergic receptor subtypes. We predicted that blockade of NE synthesis would attenuate all known modalities of reinstatement and showed previously that the selective dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitor, nepicastat, had no effect on either maintenance of operant cocaine self-administration maintained on a fixed-ratio 1 schedule or reinstatement of food seeking but did abolish cocaine-primed reinstatement. In the present series of studies, we first evaluated the dose-dependent effect of nepicastat (5, 50, or 100 mg/kg) on novelty-induced locomotor activity and found that it blunted exploration only at the highest dose. Next, we assessed the ability of nepicastat (50 mg/kg) to reduce breakpoint responding for cocaine on a progressive ratio schedule and reinstatement induced by drug-associated cues and stress. We found that nepicastat significantly lowered the breakpoint for cocaine, but not for regular chow or sucrose, and attenuated cue-, footshock-, and yohimbine-induced reinstatement. Combined, these results indicate that nepicastat can reduce the reinforcing properties of cocaine under a stringent schedule and can attenuate relapse-like behavior produced by cocaine, formerly cocaine-paired cues, and physiological and pharmacological stressors. Thus, nepicastat is one of those rare compounds that can reduce reinforced cocaine seeking as well as all three reinstatement modalities, while sparing exploratory behavior and natural reward seeking, making it a promising pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Schroeder
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - S Alisha Epps
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Taylor W Grice
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA,Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Whitehead 301, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA, Tel: +1 404 727 3106, Fax 1 404 727 3949, E-mail:
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22
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Châtel A, Murillo L, Bourdin CM, Quinchard S, Picard D, Legros C. Characterization of tyramine β-hydroxylase, an enzyme upregulated by stress in Periplaneta americana. J Mol Endocrinol 2013. [PMID: 23197360 DOI: 10.1530/jme-12-0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Octopamine (OA) is an important neuroactive substance that modulates several physiological functions and behaviors of various invertebrate species. This biogenic monoamine, structurally related to noradrenaline, acts as a neurotransmitter, a neuromodulator, or a neurohormone in insects. The tyramine β-hydroxylase (TBH) catalyzes the last step in OA biosynthesis and thus plays a key role in the regulation of synthesis and secretion of OA in neurons. The aim of this study was to characterize TBH in the cockroach Periplaneta americana and to get a better understanding of its regulation under stress conditions in this insect. First of all, five full-length cDNAs encoding TBH isoforms were cloned from the nerve cord of the physiological model P. americana. PaTBH transcripts were found mainly expressed in nervous tissues and in octopaminergic dorsal unpaired median neurons. In addition, a new ELISA assay was developed so as to allow determination of both OA level and TBH activity in stressed cockroaches. Mechanical stressful stimulation led to a significant increase in TBH activity after 1 and 24 h, with a higher induction after 1 h than after 24 h. Thus, TBH could be considered as a promising biomarker of stress in insects rather than OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Châtel
- Laboratoire Récepteurs et Canaux Ioniques Membranaires UPRES EA 2647/USC INRA 1330, SFR QUASAV, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier, F-49045 Angers Cedex, France.
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23
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Gaval-Cruz M, Liles LC, Iuvone PM, Weinshenker D. Chronic inhibition of dopamine β-hydroxylase facilitates behavioral responses to cocaine in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50583. [PMID: 23209785 PMCID: PMC3507785 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-alcoholism medication, disulfiram (Antabuse), decreases cocaine use in humans regardless of concurrent alcohol consumption and facilitates cocaine sensitization in rats, but the functional targets are unknown. Disulfiram inhibits dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH), the enzyme that converts dopamine (DA) to norepinephrine (NE) in noradrenergic neurons. The goal of this study was to test the effects of chronic genetic or pharmacological DBH inhibition on behavioral responses to cocaine using DBH knockout (Dbh −/−) mice, disulfiram, and the selective DBH inhibitor, nepicastat. Locomotor activity was measured in control (Dbh +/−) and Dbh −/− mice during a 5 day regimen of saline+saline, disulfiram+saline, nepicastat+saline, saline+cocaine, disulfiram+cocaine, or nepicastat+cocaine. After a 10 day withdrawal period, all groups were administered cocaine, and locomotor activity and stereotypy were measured. Drug-naïve Dbh −/− mice were hypersensitive to cocaine-induced locomotion and resembled cocaine-sensitized Dbh +/− mice. Chronic disulfiram administration facilitated cocaine-induced locomotion in some mice and induced stereotypy in others during the development of sensitization, while cocaine-induced stereotypy was evident in all nepicastat-treated mice. Cocaine-induced stereotypy was profoundly increased in the disulfiram+cocaine, nepicastat+cocaine, and nepicastat+saline groups upon cocaine challenge after withdrawal in Dbh +/− mice. Disulfiram or nepicastat treatment had no effect on behavioral responses to cocaine in Dbh −/− mice. These results demonstrate that chronic DBH inhibition facilitates behavioral responses to cocaine, although different methods of inhibition (genetic vs. non-selective inhibitor vs. selective inhibitor) enhance qualitatively different cocaine-induced behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Gaval-Cruz
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Larry Cameron Liles
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paul Michael Iuvone
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Sadamoto H, Takahashi H, Okada T, Kenmoku H, Toyota M, Asakawa Y. De novo sequencing and transcriptome analysis of the central nervous system of mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis by deep RNA sequencing. PLoS One 2012; 7:e42546. [PMID: 22870333 PMCID: PMC3411651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0042546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis is among several mollusc species that have been well investigated due to the simplicity of their nervous systems and large identifiable neurons. Nonetheless, despite the continued attention given to the physiological characteristics of its nervous system, the genetic information of the Lymnaea central nervous system (CNS) has not yet been fully explored. The absence of genetic information is a large disadvantage for transcriptome sequencing because it makes transcriptome assembly difficult. We here performed transcriptome sequencing for Lymnaea CNS using an Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx platform and obtained 81.9 M of 100 base pair (bp) single end reads. For de novo assembly, five programs were used: ABySS, Velvet, OASES, Trinity and Rnnotator. Based on a comparison of the assemblies, we chose the Rnnotator dataset for the following blast searches and gene ontology analyses. The present dataset, 116,355 contigs of Lymnaea transcriptome shotgun assembly (TSA), contained longer sequences and was much larger compared to the previously reported Lymnaea expression sequence tag (EST) established by classical Sanger sequencing. The TSA sequences were subjected to blast analyses against several protein databases and Aplysia EST data. The results demonstrated that about 20,000 sequences had significant similarity to the reported sequences using a cutoff value of 1e-6, and showed the lack of molluscan sequences in the public databases. The richness of the present TSA data allowed us to identify a large number of new transcripts in Lymnaea and molluscan species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisayo Sadamoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Kagawa Campus, Tokushima Bunri University, Shido, Sanuki-City, Kagawa, Japan.
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