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Naito T, Oka K, Ishii K. Hemodynamics of short-duration light-intensity physical exercise in the prefrontal cortex of children: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15587. [PMID: 38971930 PMCID: PMC11227512 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying the types of exercise that enhance cerebral blood flow is crucial for developing exercise programs that enhance cognitive function. Nevertheless, few studies have explored the amount of light-intensity, short-duration exercises that individuals can easily perform on cerebral blood flow, particularly in children. We examined the effects of these exercises on the hemodynamics of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Participants comprised 41 children (aged 12.1 ± 1.5 years, 37% female) who engaged in seven light-intensity exercises, with each movement performed in two patterns lasting 10 or 20 s. Changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) levels at rest and during exercise were compared using analysis of covariance, with sex and age as covariates. Significant increases in oxy-Hb were observed in multiple regions of the PFC during all forms of exercise (including dynamic and twist stretching [66.6%, 8/12 regions, η2 = 0.07-0.27], hand and finger movements [75.0%, 9/12 regions, η2 = 0.07-0.16], and balance exercises (100.0%, 6/6 regions, η2 = 0.13-0.25]), except for static stretching with monotonic movements. This study implies that short-duration, light-intensity exercises, provided that they entail a certain degree of cognitive and/or physical demands, can activate the PFC and increase blood flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Naito
- Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan.
- Organization for the Strategic Coordination of Research and Intellectual Properties, Meiji University, Jinbocho, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 101-8301, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan
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Xu G, Chen T, Yin J, Shao G, Fan Y, Li Z. Lateralization of cortical activity, networks, and hemodynamic lag after stroke: A resting-state fNIRS study. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2024; 17:e202400012. [PMID: 38659122 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202400012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Focal damage due to stroke causes widespread abnormal changes in brain function and hemispheric asymmetry. In this study, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to collect resting-state hemoglobin data from 85 patients with subacute stroke and 26 healthy controls, to comparatively analyze the characteristics of lateralization after stroke in terms of cortical activity, functional networks, and hemodynamic lags. Higher intensity of motor cortical activity, lower hemispheric autonomy, and more abnormal hemodynamic leads or lags were found in the affected hemisphere. Lateralization metrics of the three aspects were all associated with the Fugl-Meyer score. The results of this study prove that three lateralization metrics may provide clinical reference for stroke rehabilitation. Meanwhile, the present study piloted the use of resting-state fNIRS for analyzing hemodynamic lag, demonstrating the potential of fNIRS to assess hemodynamic abnormalities in addition to the study of cortical neurological function after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongcheng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
| | - Tiandi Chen
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Medical and Technology Research, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiahui Yin
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangjian Shao
- School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Zengyong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids for Old-Age Disability, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Neuro-functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, China
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Yang X, Zeng Y, Jiao G, Gan X, Linden D, Hernaus D, Zhu C, Li K, Yao D, Yao S, Jiang Y, Becker B. A brief real-time fNIRS-informed neurofeedback training of the prefrontal cortex changes brain activity and connectivity during subsequent working memory challenge. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 132:110968. [PMID: 38354898 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Working memory (WM) represents a building-block of higher cognitive functions and a wide range of mental disorders are associated with WM impairments. Initial studies have shown that several sessions of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) informed real-time neurofeedback (NF) allow healthy individuals to volitionally increase activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), a region critically involved in WM. For the translation to therapeutic or neuroenhancement applications, however, it is critical to assess whether fNIRS-NF success transfers into neural and behavioral WM enhancement in the absence of feedback. We therefore combined single-session fNIRS-NF of the left DLPFC with a randomized sham-controlled design (N = 62 participants) and a subsequent WM challenge with concomitant functional MRI. Over four runs of fNIRS-NF, the left DLPFC NF training group demonstrated enhanced neural activity in this region, reflecting successful acquisition of neural self-regulation. During the subsequent WM challenge, we observed no evidence for performance differences between the training and the sham group. Importantly, however, examination of the fMRI data revealed that - compared to the sham group - the training group exhibited significantly increased regional activity in the bilateral DLPFC and decreased left DLPFC - left anterior insula functional connectivity during the WM challenge. Exploratory analyses revealed a negative association between DLPFC activity and WM reaction times in the NF group. Together, these findings indicate that healthy individuals can learn to volitionally increase left DLPFC activity in a single training session and that the training success translates into WM-related neural activation and connectivity changes in the absence of feedback. This renders fNIRS-NF as a promising and scalable WM intervention approach that could be applied to various mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Yixu Zeng
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guojuan Jiao
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianyang Gan
- The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - David Linden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis Hernaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Chaozhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Keshuang Li
- School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuxia Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yihan Jiang
- Center for the Cognitive Science of Language, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, China.
| | - Benjamin Becker
- The University of Hong Kong, State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Hong Kong, China; The University of Hong Kong, Department of Psychology, Hong Kong, China.
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Kawaguchi K, Nikai Y, Yomota S, Kawashima A, Inoue Y, Takahashi M. Effects of age and flight experience on prefrontal cortex activity in airline pilots: An fNIRS study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30242. [PMID: 38707377 PMCID: PMC11066422 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
It is essential for airlines to have a deep understanding of the cognitive impact of aging among pilots. The current literature on executive function indicates that compensatory mechanisms in the brain may counteract age-related cognitive decline, at least up to certain task load levels. However, few studies have been administered to evaluate changes in aircrew competence as they age. The present study focuses on dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activity as it is implicated in cognitive performance and working memory, which are associated with skill proficiency. We measured the DLPFC activity for airline pilots, including trainees, during maneuvering using a flight simulator. Our preliminary results indicated that only expert (aged) pilots demonstrated higher activity of the left DLPFC than the right one. However, for youth trainees, not only was the error rate high while using the flight simulator, but the activity of the DLFPC was also lower than that of the expert pilots, and there was no statistically significant difference between the left and right DLPFC. Although these findings partially differ from those reported in previous studies on age-related changes, it is evident that training as an airline pilot for over 20 years may affect such results. We believe that this noninvasive approach to objective quantification of skill will facilitate the development of effective assessment competence in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kawaguchi
- Crew Resources Development, Flight Operation Center, ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS, Co., LTD., Tokyo 144-8525, Japan
| | - Yohei Nikai
- Crew Resources Development, Flight Operation Center, ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS, Co., LTD., Tokyo 144-8525, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yomota
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, SHIMADZU Corporation, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Akisato Kawashima
- Crew Resources Development, Flight Operation Center, ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS, Co., LTD., Tokyo 144-8525, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Inoue
- Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, SHIMADZU Corporation, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Makoto Takahashi
- Crew Resources Development, Flight Operation Center, ALL NIPPON AIRWAYS, Co., LTD., Tokyo 144-8525, Japan
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Gao C, Xiu J, Huang C, Ma K, Li T. Reliability Evaluation for Continuous-Wave Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Systems: Comprehensive Testing from Bench Characterization to Human Test. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2045. [PMID: 38610255 PMCID: PMC11014010 DOI: 10.3390/s24072045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, biomedical optics technology has developed rapidly. The current widespread use of biomedical optics was made possible by the invention of optical instruments. The advantages of being non-invasive, portable, effective, low cost, and less susceptible to system noise have led to the rapid development of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology for hemodynamics detection, especially in the field of functional brain imaging. At the same time, laboratories and companies have developed various fNIRS-based systems. The safety, stability, and efficacy of fNIRS systems are key performance indicators. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic evaluation methods for fNIRS instruments. This study uses the fNIRS system developed in our laboratory as the test object. The test method established in this study includes system validation and performance testing to comprehensively assess fNIRS systems' reliability. These methods feature low cost and high practicality. Based on this study, existing or newly developed systems can be comprehensively and easily evaluated in the laboratory or workspace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Gao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; (C.G.); (J.X.)
| | - Jia Xiu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; (C.G.); (J.X.)
| | - Chong Huang
- Philips North America, Carlsbad, CA 92011, USA;
| | - Kaixue Ma
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
| | - Ting Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China; (C.G.); (J.X.)
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Kothe C, Hanada G, Mullen S, Mullen T. On decoding of rapid motor imagery in a diverse population using a high-density NIRS device. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2024; 5:1355534. [PMID: 38529269 PMCID: PMC10961353 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2024.1355534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) aims to infer cognitive states such as the type of movement imagined by a study participant in a given trial using an optical method that can differentiate between oxygenation states of blood in the brain and thereby indirectly between neuronal activity levels. We present findings from an fNIRS study that aimed to test the applicability of a high-density (>3000 channels) NIRS device for use in short-duration (2 s) left/right hand motor imagery decoding in a diverse, but not explicitly balanced, subject population. A side aim was to assess relationships between data quality, self-reported demographic characteristics, and brain-computer interface (BCI) performance, with no subjects rejected from recruitment or analysis. Methods BCI performance was quantified using several published methods, including subject-specific and subject-independent approaches, along with a high-density fNIRS decoder previously validated in a separate study. Results We found that decoding of motor imagery on this population proved extremely challenging across all tested methods. Overall accuracy of the best-performing method (the high-density decoder) was 59.1 +/- 6.7% after excluding subjects where almost no optode-scalp contact was made over motor cortex and 54.7 +/- 7.6% when all recorded sessions were included. Deeper investigation revealed that signal quality, hemodynamic responses, and BCI performance were all strongly impacted by the hair phenotypical and demographic factors under investigation, with over half of variance in signal quality explained by demographic factors alone. Discussion Our results contribute to the literature reporting on challenges in using current-generation NIRS devices on subjects with long, dense, dark, and less pliable hair types along with the resulting potential for bias. Our findings confirm the need for increased focus on these populations, accurate reporting of data rejection choices across subject intake, curation, and final analysis in general, and signal a need for NIRS optode designs better optimized for the general population to facilitate more robust and inclusive research outcomes.
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Papoutselou E, Harrison S, Mai G, Buck B, Patil N, Wiggins I, Hartley D. Investigating mother-child inter-brain synchrony in a naturalistic paradigm: A functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning study. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:1386-1403. [PMID: 38155106 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Successful social interactions between mothers and children are hypothesised to play a significant role in a child's social, cognitive and language development. Earlier research has confirmed, through structured experimental paradigms, that these interactions could be underpinned by coordinated neural activity. Nevertheless, the extent of neural synchrony during real-life, ecologically valid interactions between mothers and their children remains largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated mother-child inter-brain synchrony using a naturalistic free-play paradigm. We also examined the relationship between neural synchrony, verbal communication patterns and personality traits to further understand the underpinnings of brain synchrony. Twelve children aged between 3 and 5 years old and their mothers participated in this study. Neural synchrony in mother-child dyads were measured bilaterally over frontal and temporal areas using functional Near Infra-red Spectroscopy (fNIRS) whilst the dyads were asked to play with child-friendly toys together (interactive condition) and separately (independent condition). Communication patterns were captured via video recordings and conversational turns were coded. Compared to the independent condition, mother-child dyads showed increased neural synchrony in the interactive condition across the prefrontal cortex and temporo-parietal junction. There was no significant relationship found between neural synchrony and turn-taking and between neural synchrony and the personality traits of each member of the dyad. Overall, we demonstrate the feasibility of measuring inter-brain synchrony between mothers and children in a naturalistic environment. These findings can inform future study designs to assess inter-brain synchrony between parents and pre-lingual children and/or children with communication needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstratia Papoutselou
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham, UK
| | - Samantha Harrison
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham, UK
| | - Guangting Mai
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham, UK
| | - Bryony Buck
- Hearing Sciences - Scottish Section, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nikita Patil
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Ian Wiggins
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham, UK
| | - Douglas Hartley
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Ishihara T, Hashimoto S, Tamba N, Hyodo K, Matsuda T, Takagishi H. The links between physical activity and prosocial behavior: an fNIRS hyperscanning study. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad509. [PMID: 38183181 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of physically inactive lifestyles in modern society raises concerns about the potential association with poor brain health, particularly in the lateral prefrontal cortex, which is crucial for human prosocial behavior. Here, we explored the relationship between physical activity and prosocial behavior, focusing on potential neural markers, including intra-brain functional connectivity and inter-brain synchrony in the lateral prefrontal cortex. Forty participants, each paired with a stranger, completed two experimental conditions in a randomized order: (i) face-to-face and (ii) face stimulus (eye-to-eye contact with a face stimulus of a fictitious person displayed on the screen). Following each condition, participants played economic games with either their partner or an assumed person displayed on the screen. Neural activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex was recorded by functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning. Sparse multiset canonical correlation analysis showed that a physically inactive lifestyle was covaried with poorer reciprocity, greater trust, shorter decision-making time, and weaker intra-brain connectivity in the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and poorer inter-brain synchrony in the ventral lateral prefrontal cortex. These associations were observed exclusively in the face-to-face condition. Our findings suggest that a physically inactive lifestyle may alter human prosocial behavior by impairing adaptable prosocial decision-making in response to social factors through altered intra-brain functional connectivity and inter-brain synchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Ishihara
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Human Development and Environment, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Natsuki Tamba
- Faculty of Global Human Sciences, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hyodo
- Physical Fitness Research Institute, Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Tobuki 150, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0001, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuda
- Tamagawa University Brain Science Institute, 6-1-1 Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan
| | - Haruto Takagishi
- Tamagawa University Brain Science Institute, 6-1-1 Tamagawagakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8610, Japan
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Shu Z, Wu J, Lu J, Li H, Liu J, Lin J, Liang S, Wu J, Han J, Yu N. Effective DBS treatment improves neural information transmission of patients with disorders of consciousness: an fNIRS study. Physiol Meas 2023; 44:125011. [PMID: 38086065 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ad14ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a potential treatment that promotes the recovery of patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC). This study quantified the changes in consciousness and the neuromodulation effect of DBS on patients with DOC.Approach.Eleven patients were recruited for this study which consists of three conditions: 'Pre' (two days before DBS surgery), 'Post-On' (one month after surgery with stimulation), and 'Post-Off' (one month after surgery without stimulation). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was recorded from the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and occipital lobe of patients during the experiment of auditory stimuli paradigm, in parallel with the coma recovery scale-revised (CRS-R) assessment. The brain hemodynamic states were defined and state transition acceleration was taken to quantify the information transmission strength of the brain network. Linear regression analysis was conducted between the changes in regional and global indicators and the changes in the CRS-R index.Main results.Significant correlation was observed between the changes in the global transition acceleration indicator and the changes in the CRS-R index (slope = 55.910,p< 0.001,R2= 0.732). For the regional indicators, similar correlations were found between the changes in the frontal lobe and parietal lobe indicators and the changes in the CRS-R index (slope = 46.612,p< 0.01,R2= 0.694; slope = 47.491,p< 0.01,R2= 0.676).Significance.Our study suggests that fNIRS-based brain hemodynamics transition analysis can signify the neuromodulation effect of DBS treatment on patients with DOC, and the transition acceleration indicator is a promising brain functional marker for DOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Shu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiewei Lu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrui Liu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianeng Lin
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China
| | - Siquan Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianda Han
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningbo Yu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Trusted Behavior Intelligence, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Intelligence Technology and Robotic Systems, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nankai University, Shenzhen 518083, People's Republic of China
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Minagawa Y, Hata M, Yamamoto E, Tsuzuki D, Morimoto S. Inter-brain synchrony during mother-infant interactive parenting in 3-4-month-old infants with and without an elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:11609-11622. [PMID: 37885119 PMCID: PMC10724871 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal bonding for mammalian infants is critical for their survival. Additionally, it is important for human infants' development into social creatures. However, despite the ample neurobiological evidence of attachment for the mother's brain, the interplay of this system in infants is poorly understood. We aimed to identify the neural substrates of synchrony in mothers and infants under three interactive conditions and compare the differences between groups with (n = 16) and without (n = 71) an elevated likelihood of autism spectrum disorder by examining the inter-brain synchrony between mothers and their 3-4-month-old infants. Mother-infant hyperscanning with functional near-infrared spectroscopy was performed during breastfeeding and while each of the mother and experimenter was holding the infants. The results showed almost no group differences, with both groups demonstrating the strongest inter-brain coupling for breastfeeding. The cerebral foci underlying these couplings differed between mothers and infants: the ventral prefrontal cortex, focusing on the right orbitofrontal cortex, in the mother and the left temporoparietal junction in the infant were chiefly involved in connecting the two brains. Furthermore, these synchronizations revealed many significant correlations with behavioral measures, including subsequent language development. The maternal reward-motivational system and the infant's elementary mentalization system seem to underlie mother-infant coupling during breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyo Minagawa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8521, Japan
- Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q), Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
- Center for Advanced Research of Logic and Sensibility, Global Research Institute, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hata
- Center for Advanced Research of Logic and Sensibility, Global Research Institute, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan
| | - Eriko Yamamoto
- Center for Advanced Research of Logic and Sensibility, Global Research Institute, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tsuzuki
- Department of Information Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, kochi-shi, Kochi 780-8072, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Center for Advanced Research of Logic and Sensibility, Global Research Institute, Keio University, 2-15-45 Mita, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8345, Japan
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Katsumata R, Hosokawa T, Manabe N, Mori H, Wani K, Ishii K, Tanikawa T, Urata N, Ayaki M, Nishino K, Murao T, Suehiro M, Fujita M, Kawanaka M, Haruma K, Kawamoto H, Takao T, Kamada T. Brain activity in response to food images in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:1178-1187. [PMID: 37572136 PMCID: PMC10657794 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are caused and exacerbated by consumption of fatty foods. However, no study has evaluated brain activity in response to food images in patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). This study aimed to compare food preference and brain activity when viewing food images between patients with DGBI and healthy controls. METHODS FD and IBS were diagnosed using the ROME IV criteria. Food preference was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Brain activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) in response to food images was investigated using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). RESULTS Forty-one patients were enrolled, including 25 with DGBI. The mean VAS scores for all foods (controls vs. FD vs. IBS: 69.1 ± 3.3 vs. 54.8 ± 3.8 vs. 62.8 ± 3.7, p = 0.02), including fatty foods (78.1 ± 5.4 vs. 43.4 ± 6.3 vs. 64.7 ± 6.1, p < 0.01), were the lowest in patients with FD among all groups. Patients with FD had significantly higher brain activity in the left PFC than those with IBS and healthy controls (mean z-scores in controls vs. FD vs. IBS: - 0.077 ± 0.03 vs. 0.125 ± 0.04 vs. - 0.002 ± 0.03, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Patients with DGBI, particularly those with FD, disliked fatty foods. The brain activity in patients with DGBI differed from that in healthy controls. Increased activity in the PFC of patients with FD was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Katsumata
- Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Hosokawa
- Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0193, Japan
| | - Noriaki Manabe
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mori
- Department of Neurology, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Kenta Wani
- Department of Psychiatry, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ishii
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Tanikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Noriyo Urata
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Maki Ayaki
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Ken Nishino
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Takahisa Murao
- Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Suehiro
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujita
- Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Miwa Kawanaka
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Ken Haruma
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Kawamoto
- Department of General Internal Medicine 2, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Takao
- Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, 577, Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192, Japan
| | - Tomoari Kamada
- Department of Health Care Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, 2-6-1, Nakasange, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8505, Japan
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Zhou XQ, Zhang QL, Xi X, Leng MR, Liu H, Liu S, Zhang T, Yuan W. Cortical responses correlate with speech performance in pre-lingually deaf cochlear implant children. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1126813. [PMID: 37332858 PMCID: PMC10272438 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1126813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cochlear implantation is currently the most successful intervention for severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss, particularly in deaf infants and children. Nonetheless, there remains a significant degree of variability in the outcomes of CI post-implantation. The purpose of this study was to understand the cortical correlates of the variability in speech outcomes with a cochlear implant in pre-lingually deaf children using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), an emerging brain-imaging technique. Methods In this experiment, cortical activities when processing visual speech and two levels of auditory speech, including auditory speech in quiet and in noise with signal-to-noise ratios of 10 dB, were examined in 38 CI recipients with pre-lingual deafness and 36 normally hearing children whose age and sex matched CI users. The HOPE corpus (a corpus of Mandarin sentences) was used to generate speech stimuli. The regions of interest (ROIs) for the fNIRS measurements were fronto-temporal-parietal networks involved in language processing, including bilateral superior temporal gyrus, left inferior frontal gyrus, and bilateral inferior parietal lobes. Results The fNIRS results confirmed and extended findings previously reported in the neuroimaging literature. Firstly, cortical responses of superior temporal gyrus to both auditory and visual speech in CI users were directly correlated to auditory speech perception scores, with the strongest positive association between the levels of cross-modal reorganization and CI outcome. Secondly, compared to NH controls, CI users, particularly those with good speech perception, showed larger cortical activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus in response to all speech stimuli used in the experiment. Discussion In conclusion, cross-modal activation to visual speech in the auditory cortex of pre-lingually deaf CI children may be at least one of the neural bases of highly variable CI performance due to its beneficial effects for speech understanding, thus supporting the prediction and assessment of CI outcomes in clinic. Additionally, cortical activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus may be a cortical marker for effortful listening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Xi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Rong Leng
- Chongqing Integrated Service Center for Disabled Persons, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Chongqing Integrated Service Center for Disabled Persons, Chongqing, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Chongqing Integrated Service Center for Disabled Persons, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Chongqing Integrated Service Center for Disabled Persons, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Wang D, Wang J, Zhao H, Liang Y, Zhang W, Li M, Liu H, Hu D, Zhang S, Xing E, Su Y, Yu W, Sun J, Yang A. The relationship between the prefrontal cortex and limb motor function in stroke: A study based on resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Brain Res 2023; 1805:148269. [PMID: 36736871 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the ageing of the world population, the incidence of stroke has been increasing annually, becoming a public health problem affecting adult health. Limb motor dysfunction is one of the common complications of stroke and an important factor in disability. Therefore, restoring limb function is an important task in current rehabilitation. Accurate assessment of motor function in stroke patients is the basis for formulating effective rehabilitation strategies. With the development of neuroimaging technology, scholars have begun to study objective evaluation methods for limb motor dysfunction in stroke to determine reliable neural biomarkers to accurately identify brain functional activity and its relationship with limb motor function. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in motor control and in response to motor state changes. Our previous study found that the PFC network characteristics of stroke patients are related to their motor function status and the topological properties of the PFC network under resting state can predict the motor function of stroke patients to some extent. Therefore, this study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to evaluate prefrontal neuroplasticity markers and the relationships between such neural markers and limb motor function in stroke patients with limb motor dysfunction, which could be helpful to further clarify the relationship between brain neuroplasticity and cerebral haemodynamics. At the same time, through accurate and objective means of evaluation, it could be helpful for clinicians to formulate and optimize individualized rehabilitation treatment plans and accurately determine the rehabilitation efficacy and prognosis. METHODS This study recruited 17 S patients with limb motor dysfunction and 9 healthy subjects. fNIRS was used to collect 22 channels of cerebral blood oxygen signals in the PFC in the resting state. The differences in prefrontal oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated haemoglobin (HbR) concentrations were analysed between stroke patients and healthy subjects, and the lateralization index (LI) of HbO in stroke patients was also calculated. Pearson's correlation analysis was performed between the LI and the scores of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment Scale (FMA) of motor function in stroke patients. RESULTS The results found that the prefrontal HbO concentration was significantly decreased in stroke patients with limb motor dysfunction compared with healthy subjects, and there was a significant, positive correlation between the LI of the PFC and FMA scores in stroke patients. CONCLUSION These study results showed that stroke can cause cerebral haemodynamic changes in the PFC, and the functional imbalance of the left and right PFC in the resting state is correlated with the severity of limb motor dysfunction. Furthermore, we emphasize that the cerebral haemodynamic activity reflected by fNIRS could be used as a reliable neural biomarker for assessing limb motor dysfunction in stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Liang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyue Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Sibin Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Enlong Xing
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Su
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wanchen Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinyan Sun
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
| | - Aoran Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Stress estimation by the prefrontal cortex asymmetry: Study on fNIRS signals. J Affect Disord 2023; 325:151-157. [PMID: 36627057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive technique frequently used to measure the brain hemodynamic activity in applications to evaluate affective disorders and stress. Using two wavelengths of light, it is possible to monitor relative changes in the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin. Besides, the spatial asymmetry in the prefrontal cortex activity has been correlated with the brain response to stressful situations. METHODS We measured prefrontal cortex activity with a NIRS multi-distance device during a baseline period, under stressful conditions (e.g., social stress), and after a recovery phase. We calculated a laterality index for the contaminated brain signal and for the brain signal where we removed the influence of extracerebral hemodynamic activity by using a short channel. RESULTS There was a significant right lateralization during stress when using the contaminated signals, consistent with previous investigations, but this significant difference disappeared using the corrected signals. Indeed, exploration of the susceptibility to contamination of the different channels showed non-homogeneous spatial patterns, which would hint at detection of stress from extracerebral activity from the forehead. LIMITATIONS There was no recovery phase between the social and the arithmetic stressor, a cumulative effect was not considered. CONCLUSIONS Extracerebral hemodynamic activity provided insights into the pertinence of short channel corrections in fNIRS studies dealing with emotions. It is important to consider this issue in clinical applications including modern monitoring systems based on fNIRS technique to assess emotional states in affective disorders.
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Zheng J, Ma Q, He W, Huang Y, Shi P, Li S, Yu H. Cognitive and motor cortex activation during robot-assisted multi-sensory interactive motor rehabilitation training: An fNIRS based pilot study. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1089276. [PMID: 36845877 PMCID: PMC9947243 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1089276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of multiple virtual reality (VR) interaction modalities based on force-haptic feedback combined with visual or auditory feedback in different ways on cerebral cortical activation by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Methods: A modular multi-sensory VR interaction system based on a planar upper-limb rehabilitation robot was developed. Twenty healthy participants completed active elbow flexion and extension training in four VR interaction patterns, including haptic (H), haptic + auditory (HA), haptic + visual (HV), and haptic + visual + auditory (HVA). Cortical activation changes in the sensorimotor cortex (SMC), premotor cortex (PMC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were measured. Results Four interaction patterns all had significant activation effects on the motor and cognitive regions of the cerebral cortex (p < 0.05). Among them, in the HVA interaction mode, the cortical activation of each ROI was the strongest, followed by HV, HA, and H. The connectivity between channels of SMC and bilateral PFC, as well as the connectivity between channels in PMC, was the strongest under HVA and HV conditions. Besides, the two-way ANOVA of visual and auditory feedback showed that it was difficult for auditory feedback to have a strong impact on activation without visual feedback. In addition, under the condition of visual feedback, the effect of fusion auditory feedback on the activation degree was significantly higher than that of no auditory feedback. Conclusions The interaction mode of visual, auditory, and haptic multi-sensory integration is conducive to stronger cortical activation and cognitive control. Besides, there is an interaction effect between visual and auditory feedback, thus improving the cortical activation level. This research enriches the research on activation and connectivity of cognitive and motor cortex in the process of modular multi-sensory interaction training of rehabilitation robots. These conclusions provide a theoretical basis for the optimal design of the interaction mode of the rehabilitation robot and the possible scheme of clinical VR rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Zheng
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiqi Ma
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanying He
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanping Huang
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Shi
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Assistive Devices, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural-Functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujiao Li
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Assistive Devices, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural-Functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongliu Yu
- Institute of Rehabilitation Engineering and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Assistive Devices, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural-Functional Information and Rehabilitation Engineering of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Shanghai, China
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Guo Z, Chen F. Impacts of simplifying articulation movements imagery to speech imagery BCI performance. J Neural Eng 2023; 20. [PMID: 36630714 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/acb232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective.Speech imagery (SI) can be used as a reliable, natural, and user-friendly activation task for the development of brain-computer interface (BCI), which empowers individuals with severe disabilities to interact with their environment. The functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is advanced as one of the most suitable brain imaging methods for developing BCI systems owing to its advantages of being non-invasive, portable, insensitive to motion artifacts, and having relatively high spatial resolution.Approach.To improve the classification performance of SI BCI based on fNIRS, a novel paradigm was developed in this work by simplifying the articulation movements in SI to make the articulation movement differences clearer between different words imagery tasks. A SI BCI was proposed to directly answer questions by covertly rehearsing the word '' or '' ('yes' or 'no' in English), and an unconstrained rest task also was contained in this BCI. The articulation movements of SI were simplified by retaining only the movements of the jaw and lips of vowels in Chinese Pinyin for words '' and ''.Main results.Compared with conventional speech imagery, simplifying the articulation movements in SI could generate more different brain activities among different tasks, which led to more differentiable temporal features and significantly higher classification performance. The average 3-class classification accuracies of the proposed paradigm across all 20 participants reached 69.6% and 60.2% which were about 10.8% and 5.6% significantly higher than those of the conventional SI paradigm operated in the 0-10 s and 0-2.5 s time windows, respectively.Significance.These results suggested that simplifying the articulation movements in SI is promising for improving the classification performance of intuitive BCIs based on speech imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengzhi Guo
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China.,Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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Characterization of forehead blood flow bias on NIRS signals during neural activation with a verbal fluency task. Neurosci Res 2023; 186:43-50. [PMID: 36191681 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The major problem of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for brain activity measurement during verbal fluency task is the overlapping forehead scalp blood flow (FBF) on the target cerebral blood flow (CBF). There could be among-individual differences in the influence of FBF on CBF. We investigated effects of FBF on CBF by comparing signals obtained through a laser Doppler flowmeter (LDF) and NIRS using the modified Beer-Lambert Law (MBLL). Among 25 healthy individuals, 7 participants showed a strong correlation between LDF and NIRS signals (rs >0.500). There were no significant differences according to age or sex. Subsequently, we applied the hemodynamic separation method to the values calculated using the MBLL (Δ[oxy-Hb]M): to separate the concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin in the forehead (Δ[oxy-Hb]F) and cerebral cortex (Δ[oxy-Hb]C). First, we found that the influence of Δ[oxy-Hb]F on Δ[oxy-Hb]C in the high rs group was almost twice as large as that in the low rs group. Second, presence of sex and age differences in the influence of Δ[oxy-Hb]F on Δ[oxy-Hb]C were suggested. Based on the results, we discuss the factors affecting FBF and the resulting variations in NIRS signals.
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Hu X, Ban Y, Yamada Y, Warisawa S, Sakatani K. Relationship Between Left-Right Dominancy of Prefrontal Cortex Activity and Heart Rate During Rest and Task Periods: An fNIRS Study. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1438:21-26. [PMID: 37845434 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42003-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) studies demonstrated that regulation of stress response of the autonomic nervous system is mediated by the left-right asymmetry of prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. However, it is not yet clear whether PFC regulation of stress response is functioning only when the subject was under stress or even at rest without stress. In addition, the temporal responsivity of PFC regulation of stress response is not known.AimThis study aims to investigate the relationship between the left-right asymmetry of PFC activity and heart rate during both resting state and stressful state while performing a working memory task.ApproachTwenty-nine subjects were recruited to rest and conduct 2-back task, during which fNIRS and ECG were measured simultaneously.ResultsWe found weak correlation (r = 0.28, p = 0.137) between laterality index (LI) and heart rate in the task session, but no correlation in rest sessions at a group level. Moreover, weak but significant correlation was found only in the task session for all analysis intervals ranged from 2 s to 1 min.ConclusionIt is suggested that regulation of stress responses was mediated by the left-right asymmetry of PFC activity only when the subject was under stress stimuli and embody stress response did not affect PFC in reverse. This regulation can be observed at an analysis interval of no less than 2 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyin Hu
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ban
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Yamada
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Kaoru Sakatani
- Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Xu M, Morimoto S, Hoshino E, Suzuki K, Minagawa Y. Two-in-one system and behavior-specific brain synchrony during goal-free cooperative creation: an analytical approach combining automated behavioral classification and the event-related generalized linear model. NEUROPHOTONICS 2023; 10:013511. [PMID: 36789283 PMCID: PMC9917717 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.10.1.013511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE In hyperscanning studies of natural social interactions, behavioral coding is usually necessary to extract brain synchronizations specific to a particular behavior. The more natural the task is, the heavier the coding effort is. We propose an analytical approach to resolve this dilemma, providing insights and avenues for future work in interactive social neuroscience. AIM The objective is to solve the laborious coding problem for naturalistic hyperscanning by proposing a convenient analytical approach and to uncover brain synchronization mechanisms related to human cooperative behavior when the ultimate goal is highly free and creative. APPROACH This functional near-infrared spectroscopy hyperscanning study challenged a cooperative goal-free creative game in which dyads can communicate freely without time constraints and developed an analytical approach that combines automated behavior classification (computer vision) with a generalized linear model (GLM) in an event-related manner. Thirty-nine dyads participated in this study. RESULTS Conventional wavelet-transformed coherence (WTC) analysis showed that joint play induced robust between-brain synchronization (BBS) among the hub-like superior and middle temporal regions and the frontopolar and dorsomedial/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) in the right hemisphere, in contrast to sparse within-brain synchronization (WBS). Contrarily, similar regions within a single brain showed strong WBS with similar connection patterns during independent play. These findings indicate a two-in-one system for performing creative problem-solving tasks. Further, WTC-GLM analysis combined with computer vision successfully extracted BBS, which was specific to the events when one of the participants raised his/her face to the other. This brain-to-brain synchrony between the right dorsolateral PFC and the right temporo-parietal junction suggests joint functioning of these areas when mentalization is necessary under situations with restricted social signals. CONCLUSIONS Our proposed analytical approach combining computer vision and WTC-GLM can be applied to extract inter-brain synchrony associated with social behaviors of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingdi Xu
- Keio University, Center for Life-span Development of Communication Skills, Yokohama, Japan
- Keio University, Global Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Keio University, Center for Life-span Development of Communication Skills, Yokohama, Japan
- Keio University, Global Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eiichi Hoshino
- Keio University, Center for Life-span Development of Communication Skills, Yokohama, Japan
- Keio University, Global Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- University of Tsukuba, Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Minagawa
- Keio University, Center for Life-span Development of Communication Skills, Yokohama, Japan
- Keio University, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Tokyo, Japan
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Hasegawa Y, Sakuramoto A, Suzuki T, Sakagami J, Shiramizu M, Tachibana Y, Kishimoto H, Ono Y, Ono T. Emotional modulation of cortical activity during gum chewing: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:964351. [DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.964351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct brain regions are known to be associated with various emotional states. Cortical activity may be modulated by emotional states that are triggered by flavors during food intake. We examined cortical activity during chewing with different flavors and assessed the emotional modulation of cortical activity using multichannel near-infrared spectroscopy. Thirty-six right-handed volunteers participated in this crossover trial. The participants experienced positive and negative emotions from chewing flavorful (palatable) or less flavorful (unpalatable) gums, respectively for 5 min. Participants rated the taste, odor, and deliciousness of each gum using a visual analog scale. Bilateral hemodynamic responses in the frontal and parietal lobes, bilateral masseter muscle activation, and heart rate were measured during gum chewing. Changes in all measured data during gum chewing were also evaluated. The ratings of the tastes and odors of each gum significantly differed among the participants (P < 0.001). Hemodynamic response changes were significantly elevated in the bilateral primary sensorimotor cortex during gum-chewing, in comparison to resting. The difference in hemodynamic responses between palatable and unpalatable gum conditions was detected in the left frontopolar/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Muscle activation and heart rate were not significantly different between different gum types. Our findings indicate that differential processing in the left prefrontal cortex might be responsible for the emotional states caused by palatable and unpalatable foods.
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21
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Niiyama S, Yano S, Kondo T. Cerebral Activity-Based Quantitative Evaluation for Attention Levels. JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS AND MECHATRONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.20965/jrm.2022.p0739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Regional cerebral activity related to attention may be more useful as an evaluation index for attention levels than conventional task performance score-based methods. We therefore researched whether the quantitative evaluation of attention using regional cerebral activity, measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), was appropriate. NIRS signals during the continuous performance test (CPT), which is well known as an attention test, were measured and analyzed. We confirmed activities in the regions that may be associated with the right-side anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and on the estimated dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Furthermore, there was a high correlation between activity on the DLPFC related to executive function and the performance score. Our study using cerebral activity could not quantify attention, but it opened the possibility of quantifying levels of executive function.
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Naoi N, Minagawa Y, Yamamoto JI, Kojima S. Infants' Prefrontal Hemodynamic Responses and Functional Connectivity During Joint Attention in an Interactive-Live Setting. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:821248. [PMID: 35782576 PMCID: PMC9240356 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.821248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined cerebral hemodynamic responses and functional connectivity during joint attention either initiated by infants (Initiating Joint Attention, IJA condition) or by their partner (Responding to Joint Attention, RJA condition). To capture responses to natural social cues in infants aged 7–12 months using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), we employed an interactive-live paradigm for IJA and RJA. During the measurement, an adult sat facing an infant, and objects, such as small stuffed animals, paired with sound toys were presented to the right or left side of the screen. In the RJA condition, the adult gazed at the infants' eyes and then to the objects to encourage the infants to follow the adult's gaze. On the other hand, in the IJA condition, the adult followed the infant's gaze as it shifted to the presented object. Our results indicate that the concentration of oxy-Hb in the bilateral ventral prefrontal region had significantly decreased, then followed by an increase in the right dorsal prefrontal region in the RJA. In addition, a selective activation in the bilateral dorsal prefrontal region was seen in the IJA condition. Moreover, the infants exhibited increased functional connectivity especially within the right ventral prefrontal region during RJA condition when compared with IJA conditions. These findings suggest that RJA and IJA recruit specific brain networks localized in the prefrontal cortex of infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Naoi
- Department of Psychology and Linguistics, International Christian University, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Nozomi Naoi
| | - Yasuyo Minagawa
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Human Relations, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun-ichi Yamamoto
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
- Graduate School of Human Relations, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shozo Kojima
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Letters, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
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Hirano D, Kimura N, Yano H, Enoki M, Aikawa M, Goto Y, Taniguchi T. Different brain activation patterns in the prefrontal area between self-paced and high-speed driving tasks. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2022; 15:e202100295. [PMID: 35103406 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on prefrontal cortex brain activity when participants attempted to stop a car accurately at a stop line when driving at different speeds using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Twenty healthy subjects with driving experience drove their own cars for a distance of 60 m five times each at their own pace or as fast as possible. The variation in the distance between the stop line and the car was not significantly different between the self-paced and high-speed tasks. However, oxygenated hemoglobin concentration in the prefrontal cortex was significantly higher in the high-speed task than in the self-paced task. These findings suggest that driving at high speed requires more divided attention than driving at self-paced speed, even though the participants were able to stop the car at the same distance from the target. This study shows the advantages and usefulness of fNIRS .
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Hirano
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Kimura
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Ichikawa Hospital, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hana Yano
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Miku Enoki
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Yaita, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Maya Aikawa
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Rehabilitation, International University of Health and Welfare Shioya Hospital, Yaita, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Goto
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Fukuoka, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takamichi Taniguchi
- Graduate School of Health and Welfare Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, School of Health Sciences, International University of Health and Welfare, Otawara, Tochigi, Japan
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Yano K, Shin J, Yasumura A. Brain activity in the prefrontal cortex during cancelation tasks: Effects of the stimulus array. Behav Brain Res 2022; 422:113744. [PMID: 35031385 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.113744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Cancelation tasks have been widely used to neurologically assess selective attention and visual search in various clinical and research settings. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the effect of differences in array conditions on brain activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and its association with developmental characteristics. This study employed cancelation tasks to investigate the effects of varying array conditions on oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentrations. Data from 24 healthy adults were analyzed based on performance during two-block-design type of cancelation tasks with different array conditions (i.e., structured array vs. random array). Performance was assessed based on the number of correct responses, incorrect responses, hit ratios, and performance scores (PS); while PFC activity was examined using near-infrared spectroscopy. In addition, characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were assessed using the ADHD-Rating Scale-IV (ADHD-RS-IV). Results revealed that the numbers of correct responses and PS were higher in the random array, but there was no difference in the incorrect responses and hit ratio. Similarly, we observed that the oxy-Hb concentration in the PFC significantly increased during the task. Additionally, in the structured array, a significant relationship between task performance and characteristics of ADHD was found but not in the random array. Our results regarding the above-mentioned changes in oxy-Hb concentration suggest that the PFC region is involved in selective attention. We also found that cancelation tasks in a structured array may be useful in evaluating the characteristics of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yano
- Child Development Support Office Lapöale, 9-2-15 Idenakama Minami-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 862-0963, Japan; Graduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Jungpil Shin
- Pattern Processing Lab, School of Computer Science and Engineering, The University of Aizu, Tsuruga Ikki-machi, Aizu-Wakamatsu City, Fukushima 965-8580, Japan
| | - Akira Yasumura
- Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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Paranawithana I, Mao D, Wong YT, McKay CM. Reducing false discoveries in resting-state functional connectivity using short channel correction: an fNIRS study. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:015001. [PMID: 35071689 PMCID: PMC8765292 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.1.015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging tool that can measure resting-state functional connectivity; however, non-neuronal components present in fNIRS signals introduce false discoveries in connectivity, which can impact interpretation of functional networks. Aim: We investigated the effect of short channel correction on resting-state connectivity by removing non-neuronal signals from fNIRS long channel data. We hypothesized that false discoveries in connectivity can be reduced, hence improving the discriminability of functional networks of known, different connectivity strengths. Approach: A principal component analysis-based short channel correction technique was applied to resting-state data of 10 healthy adult subjects. Connectivity was analyzed using magnitude-squared coherence of channel pairs in connectivity groups of homologous and control brain regions, which are known to differ in connectivity. Results: By removing non-neuronal components using short channel correction, significant reduction of coherence was observed for oxy-hemoglobin concentration changes in frequency bands associated with resting-state connectivity that overlap with the Mayer wave frequencies. The results showed that short channel correction reduced spurious correlations in connectivity measures and improved the discriminability between homologous and control groups. Conclusions: Resting-state functional connectivity analysis with short channel correction performs better than without correction in its ability to distinguish functional networks with distinct connectivity characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishara Paranawithana
- Monash University, Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Darren Mao
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Bionics, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yan T. Wong
- Monash University, Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Monash University, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Physiology, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Colette M. McKay
- The Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Medical Bionics, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Mushtaq F, Wiggins IM, Kitterick PT, Anderson CA, Hartley DEH. Investigating Cortical Responses to Noise-Vocoded Speech in Children with Normal Hearing Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2021; 22:703-717. [PMID: 34581879 PMCID: PMC8599557 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-021-00817-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst functional neuroimaging has been used to investigate cortical processing of degraded speech in adults, much less is known about how these signals are processed in children. An enhanced understanding of cortical correlates of poor speech perception in children would be highly valuable to oral communication applications, including hearing devices. We utilised vocoded speech stimuli to investigate brain responses to degraded speech in 29 normally hearing children aged 6-12 years. Intelligibility of the speech stimuli was altered in two ways by (i) reducing the number of spectral channels and (ii) reducing the amplitude modulation depth of the signal. A total of five different noise-vocoded conditions (with zero, partial or high intelligibility) were presented in an event-related format whilst participants underwent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) neuroimaging. Participants completed a word recognition task during imaging, as well as a separate behavioural speech perception assessment. fNIRS recordings revealed statistically significant sensitivity to stimulus intelligibility across several brain regions. More intelligible stimuli elicited stronger responses in temporal regions, predominantly within the left hemisphere, while right inferior parietal regions showed an opposite, negative relationship. Although there was some evidence that partially intelligible stimuli elicited the strongest responses in the left inferior frontal cortex, a region previous studies have suggested is associated with effortful listening in adults, this effect did not reach statistical significance. These results further our understanding of cortical mechanisms underlying successful speech perception in children. Furthermore, fNIRS holds promise as a clinical technique to help assess speech intelligibility in paediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Mushtaq
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, UK.
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Ian M Wiggins
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, UK
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Pádraig T Kitterick
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, UK
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Carly A Anderson
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Douglas E H Hartley
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, UK
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
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27
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Zhao T, Hu A, Su R, Lyu C, Wang L, Yan N. Phonetic versus spatial processes during motor-oriented imitations of visuo-labial and visuo-lingual speech: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:154-174. [PMID: 34854143 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
While a large amount of research has studied the facilitation of visual speech on auditory speech recognition, few have investigated the processing of visual speech gestures in motor-oriented tasks that focus on the spatial and motor features of the articulator actions instead of the phonetic features of auditory and visual speech. The current study examined the engagement of spatial and phonetic processing of visual speech in a motor-oriented speech imitation task. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure the haemodynamic activities related to spatial processing and audiovisual integration in the superior parietal lobe (SPL) and the posterior superior/middle temporal gyrus (pSTG/pMTG) respectively. In addition, visuo-labial and visuo-lingual speech were compared with examine the influence of visual familiarity and audiovisual association on the processes in question. fNIRS revealed significant activations in the SPL but found no supra-additive audiovisual activations in the pSTG/pMTG, suggesting that the processing of audiovisual speech stimuli was primarily focused on spatial processes related to action comprehension and preparation, whereas phonetic processes related to audiovisual integration was minimal. Comparisons between visuo-labial and visuo-lingual speech imitations revealed no significant difference in the activation of the SPL or the pSTG/pMTG, suggesting that a higher degree of visual familiarity and audiovisual association did not significantly influence how visuo-labial speech was processed compared with visuo-lingual speech. The current study offered insights on the pattern of visual-speech processing under a motor-oriented task objective and provided further evidence for the modulation of multimodal speech integration by voluntary selective attention and task objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinghao Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anming Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongfeng Su
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chengchen Lyu
- Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Nan Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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28
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Hayashi R, Yamashita O, Yamada T, Kawaguchi H, Higo N. Diffuse Optical Tomography Using fNIRS Signals Measured from the Skull Surface of the Macaque Monkey. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 3:tgab064. [PMID: 35072075 PMCID: PMC8767783 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT), as a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique, can estimate three-dimensional (3D) images of the functional hemodynamic response in brain volume from measured optical signals. In this study, we applied DOT algorithms to the fNIRS data recorded from the surface of macaque monkeys’ skulls when the animals performed food retrieval tasks using either the left- or right-hand under head-free conditions. The hemodynamic response images, reconstructed by DOT with a high sampling rate and fine voxel size, demonstrated significant activations at the upper limb regions of the primary motor area in the central sulcus and premotor, and parietal areas contralateral to the hands used in the tasks. The results were also reliable in terms of consistency across different recording dates. Time-series analyses of each brain area revealed preceding activity of premotor area to primary motor area consistent with previous physiological studies. Therefore, the fNIRS–DOT protocol demonstrated in this study provides reliable 3D functional brain images over a period of days under head-free conditions for region-of-interest–based time-series analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Hayashi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Group, Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Okito Yamashita
- Computational Brain Dynamics Team, Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, RIKEN, Nihonbashi 1-chome Mitsui Building, 15th floor, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
- Neural Information Analysis Laboratories, Department of Computational Brain Imaging, ATR, 2-2-2 Hikaridai Seika-cho, Sorakugun, Kyoto 619-0288, Japan
| | - Toru Yamada
- Neurorehabilitation Research Group, Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kawaguchi
- Neurorehabilitation Research Group, Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Higo
- Neurorehabilitation Research Group, Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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29
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Fukuda K, Wakamatsu Y, Fujii M. Application of Depth Selectivity Filter to Brain Function Measurement by fNIRS. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2021; 2021:3787-3790. [PMID: 34892060 DOI: 10.1109/embc46164.2021.9629723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In brain function measurement by fNIRS, reducing the effect of the hemodynamic change on the signal is important. In this study, a depth-selective filter, which is one of the reduction methods, was applied to the brain function measurement and its reduction effect was verified. A Stroop GO/NO-GO task, which is expected to produce a response in the frontal region was used. The experiments showed the effectiveness of reducing the hemodynamic changes with the depth-selective filter. It can be used as a preprocessing tool for estimating the activated region.
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30
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Wang J, Sakata C, Moriguchi Y. The neurobehavioral relationship between executive function and creativity during early childhood. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22191. [PMID: 34674250 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence from behavior and neuroimaging research indicates that executive function (EF) is related to creativity. However, most of these studies focused on adult and adolescent populations. The relationship between EF and creativity is unknown when EF undergoes rapid development during early childhood, due to the preschoolers' marginal skills of expressing their ideas, orally or in writing. Using a nonverbal, open-ended test, the present study examined whether creative thinking was related to cognitive flexibility in young children. Preschool children (N = 26) performed the Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) and the Unusual Box Test (UBT), while their brain activation was recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). We did not find any significant correlation between children's cognitive flexibility and creative thinking. However, fNIRS analyses showed that children's brain activation in the lateral prefrontal regions was significantly greater during the test phases of the UBT. Additionally, children who strongly recruited their ventrolateral prefrontal regions during the post-switch phases of the DCCS recruited the same regions while performing the UBT. Taken together, these findings suggest that children recruit their lateral prefrontal regions when expressing creative thinking, and that such creative thinking could be partially supported by cognitive flexibility in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chifumi Sakata
- Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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31
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Si X, Li S, Xiang S, Yu J, Ming D. Imagined speech increases the hemodynamic response and functional connectivity of the dorsal motor cortex. J Neural Eng 2021; 18. [PMID: 34507311 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ac25d9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective. Decoding imagined speech from brain signals could provide a more natural, user-friendly way for developing the next generation of the brain-computer interface (BCI). With the advantages of non-invasive, portable, relatively high spatial resolution and insensitivity to motion artifacts, the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) shows great potential for developing the non-invasive speech BCI. However, there is a lack of fNIRS evidence in uncovering the neural mechanism of imagined speech. Our goal is to investigate the specific brain regions and the corresponding cortico-cortical functional connectivity features during imagined speech with fNIRS.Approach. fNIRS signals were recorded from 13 subjects' bilateral motor and prefrontal cortex during overtly and covertly repeating words. Cortical activation was determined through the mean oxygen-hemoglobin concentration changes, and functional connectivity was calculated by Pearson's correlation coefficient.Main results. (a) The bilateral dorsal motor cortex was significantly activated during the covert speech, whereas the bilateral ventral motor cortex was significantly activated during the overt speech. (b) As a subregion of the motor cortex, sensorimotor cortex (SMC) showed a dominant dorsal response to covert speech condition, whereas a dominant ventral response to overt speech condition. (c) Broca's area was deactivated during the covert speech but activated during the overt speech. (d) Compared to overt speech, dorsal SMC(dSMC)-related functional connections were enhanced during the covert speech.Significance. We provide fNIRS evidence for the involvement of dSMC in speech imagery. dSMC is the speech imagery network's key hub and is probably involved in the sensorimotor information processing during the covert speech. This study could inspire the BCI community to focus on the potential contribution of dSMC during speech imagery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Si
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Sicheng Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxin Xiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayue Yu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Si X, Xiang S, Zhang L, Li S, Zhang K, Ming D. Acupuncture With deqi Modulates the Hemodynamic Response and Functional Connectivity of the Prefrontal-Motor Cortical Network. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:693623. [PMID: 34483822 PMCID: PMC8415569 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.693623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
As a world intangible cultural heritage, acupuncture is considered an essential modality of complementary and alternative therapy to Western medicine. Despite acupuncture’s long history and public acceptance, how the cortical network is modulated by acupuncture remains largely unclear. Moreover, as the basic acupuncture unit for regulating the central nervous system, how the cortical network is modulated during acupuncture at the Hegu acupoint is mostly unclear. Here, multi-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) data were recorded from twenty healthy subjects for acupuncture manipulation, pre- and post-manipulation tactile controls, and pre- and post-acupuncture rest controls. Results showed that: (1) acupuncture manipulation caused significantly increased acupuncture behavioral deqi performance compared with tactile controls. (2) The bilateral prefrontal cortex (PFC) and motor cortex were significantly inhibited during acupuncture manipulation than controls, which was evidenced by the decreased power of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) concentration. (3) The bilateral PFC’s hemodynamic responses showed a positive correlation trend with acupuncture behavioral performance. (4) The network connections with bilateral PFC as nodes showed significantly increased functional connectivity during acupuncture manipulation compared with controls. (5) Meanwhile, the network’s efficiency was improved by acupuncture manipulation, evidenced by the increased global efficiency and decreased shortest path length. Taken together, these results reveal that a cooperative PFC-Motor functional network could be modulated by acupuncture manipulation at the Hegu acupoint. This study provides neuroimaging evidence that explains acupuncture’s neuromodulation effects on the cortical network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Si
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaoxin Xiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ludan Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sicheng Li
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kuo Zhang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Neural Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Moriguchi Y. Relationship between cool and hot executive function in young children: A near-infrared spectroscopy study. Dev Sci 2021; 25:e13165. [PMID: 34327776 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical distinction exists between the cool and hot aspects of executive function (EF). At the neural level, cool EF may be associated with activation in the lateral prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex, whereas the orbitofrontal cortex may play a key role in hot EF. However, some recent studies have shown that young children show activity in the lateral prefrontal regions during hot EF tasks, suggesting that the distinction between hot and cool EF may not be as marked. Nevertheless, few neuroimaging studies have directly examined the relationship between cool and hot EF. In this study, preschool children (N = 46, mean age = 66.1 months) were given both cool (Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) and Stroop-like tasks) and hot (delay of gratification) EF tasks, and neural activation during these tasks was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Correlational analyses and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to assess the relationship between cool and hot EF. At the behavioral level, a moderate correlation was found between DCCS and Stroop-like tasks, but no correlation emerged between cool and hot EF tasks. At the neural level, prefrontal activations during the cool EF tasks did not correlate with those during the hot EF task. Further, children showed stronger prefrontal activations during the DCCS tasks compared to the delay of gratification tasks. The results suggest that the neural basis of hot and cool EF may differ during early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Yoshidahoncho, Kyoto, Japan
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Ozawa S. Application of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Evidence-Based Psychotherapy. Front Psychol 2021; 12:527335. [PMID: 34366946 PMCID: PMC8342759 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.527335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This perspective article discusses the importance of evidence-based psychotherapy and highlights the usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in assessing the effects of psychotherapeutic interventions as a future direction of clinical psychology. NIRS is a safe and non-invasive neuroimaging technique that can be implemented in a clinical setting to measure brain activity via a simple procedure. This article discusses the possible benefits and challenges of applying NIRS for this purpose, and the available methodology based on previous studies that used NIRS to evaluate psychotherapeutic effects. Furthermore, this perspective article suggests alternative methodologies that may be useful, namely, the single- and multi-session evaluations using immediate pre- and post-intervention measurements. These methods can be used to evaluate state changes in brain activity, which can be derived from a single session of psychotherapeutic interventions. This article provides a conceptual schema important in actualizing NIRS application for evidence-base psychotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiyo Ozawa
- UTokyo Center for Integrative Science of Human Behavior (CiSHuB), Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Brain activity in the prefrontal cortex during a cancellation task: effects of the target-to-distractor ratio. Exp Brain Res 2021; 239:2851-2858. [PMID: 34291314 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-021-06177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cancellation tasks have been widely used to neurologically assess selective attention and visual search in various clinical and research settings. However, there is still a lack of evidence regarding the effect of the level of task difficulty on brain activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This study implemented cancellation tasks to investigate the effects of varying task difficulty on oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentrations. Data from 21 healthy adults were analyzed based on performance during three-block-design types of cancellation tasks with different T/D ratios (i.e., 1/9, 2/8, and 3/7). Performance was assessed via the number of correct responses, incorrect responses, hit ratios, achievement ratios, and performance scores (PS), while PFC activity was examined using near-infrared spectroscopy. Both the numbers of correct responses and PS were the lowest for the smallest T/D ratio. Similarly, we observed that the oxy-Hb concentration in the PFC was significantly increased during the task. Our results support the findings of previous studies that used conventional cancellation tasks, thus suggesting that block design types are suitable for examinations in the same contexts. Regarding the above-mentioned changes in the oxy-Hb concentration, the findings suggest that the PFC region is involved in selective attention.
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Tang TB, Chong JS, Kiguchi M, Funane T, Lu CK. Detection of Emotional Sensitivity Using fNIRS Based Dynamic Functional Connectivity. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2021; 29:894-904. [PMID: 33970862 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2021.3078460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed an analytical framework to identify dynamic task-based functional connectivity (FC) features as new biomarkers of emotional sensitivity in nursing students, by using a combination of unsupervised and supervised machine learning techniques. The dynamic FC was measured by functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), and computed using a sliding window correlation (SWC) analysis. A k -means clustering technique was applied to derive four recurring connectivity states. The states were characterized by both graph theory and semi-metric analysis. Occurrence probability and state transition were extracted as dynamic FC network features, and a Random Forest (RF) classifier was implemented to detect emotional sensitivity. The proposed method was trialled on 39 nursing students and 19 registered nurses during decision-making, where we assumed registered nurses have developed strategies to cope with emotional sensitivity. Emotional stimuli were selected from International Affective Digitized Sound System (IADS) database. Experiment results showed that registered nurses demonstrated single dominant connectivity state of task-relevance, while nursing students displayed in two states and had higher level of task-irrelevant state connectivity. The results also showed that students were more susceptive to emotional stimuli, and the derived dynamic FC features provided a stronger discriminating power than heart rate variability (accuracy of 81.65% vs 71.03%) as biomarkers of emotional sensitivity. This work forms the first study to demonstrate the stability of fNIRS based dynamic FC states as a biomarker. In conclusion, the results support that the state distribution of dynamic FC could help reveal the differentiating factors between the nursing students and registered nurses during decision making, and it is anticipated that the biomarkers might be used as indicators when developing professional training related to emotional sensitivity.
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Kimura T, Nakano W. Enhancement of prefrontal area excitability induced by a cognitive task: Impact on subsequence visuomotor task performance. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2021; 181:107436. [PMID: 33831512 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive tasks may have the potential to improve visuomotor task performance; however, the reason for this is unclear. If this can be clarified, it may be possible to develop clinically valuable outcomes, such as promotion of motor learning though cognitive tasks. The present study aimed to investigate whether changes in prefrontal area excitability induced by cognitive tasks, especially within the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), influenced the speed of improvement during visuomotor task performance. Twenty young healthy adults were recruited. The serial reaction time task (SRTT) was used to assess visuomotor task performance. Cognitive tasks included an adjusted N-back task, a non-adjusted N-back task, and a control task, which were evaluated on different days. Additionally, we measured cerebral hemodynamic activity using near-infrared spectroscopy while each cognitive task was being performed. We observed that the adjusted N-back task significantly enhanced the speed of improvement during the SRTT performance compared to the control task. However, there was no relationship between the speed of improvement during the SRTT performance and changes in prefrontal area excitability induced by the cognitive tasks. Our findings contribute towards developing an effective method that uses cognitive tasks to promote visuomotor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehide Kimura
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Tsukuba International University, 6-8-33 Manabe, Tsuchiura, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Wataru Nakano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tokoha University, 1-30 Mizuochityou, Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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38
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Mitsukura Y, Sumali B, Nara R, Watanabe K, Inoue M, Ishida K, Nishiwaki M, Mimura M. Evaluation of olive oil effects on human stress response by measuring cerebral blood flow. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:1851-1859. [PMID: 33841804 PMCID: PMC8020963 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluated the effects of olive oil on human's stress level. In recent years, mental stress from harsh working environment have been causing serious problems to human health, both mentally and physically. Symptoms of stress may include feelings of worthlessness, agitation, anxiety, lethargy, insomnia, and behavioral changes. Additionally, the harsh working environments may cause the workers to adopt unhealthy dietary habits, contributing to the health issue. On the other hand, olive oil has been known to provide stress-relieving effects both by ingestion and by inhaling the scent. Here, we examined the effects of extravirgin olive oil ingestion for mitigating stress from deskwork. Three best-selling extravirgin olive oil in Japan were tested, and typing task was selected to emulate deskwork situation. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is utilized in this study to visualize the response in brain via cerebral blood flow analysis and to measure participants' stress level. Statistical analysis showed that the stress levels were lower during the olive oil ingestion experiment compared to no-oil experiment, even when measured one hour after the ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasue Mitsukura
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityKanagawaJapan
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Brian Sumali
- Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | - Risa Nara
- Graduate School of Science and TechnologyKeio UniversityKanagawaJapan
| | | | | | | | | | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of NeuropsychiatryKeio University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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Lawrence RJ, Wiggins IM, Hodgson JC, Hartley DEH. Evaluating cortical responses to speech in children: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) study. Hear Res 2021; 401:108155. [PMID: 33360183 PMCID: PMC7937787 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging of speech processing has both research and clinical potential. This work is facilitating an ever-increasing understanding of the complex neural mechanisms involved in the processing of speech. Neural correlates of speech understanding also have potential clinical value, especially for infants and children, in whom behavioural assessments can be unreliable. Such measures would not only benefit normally hearing children experiencing speech and language delay, but also hearing impaired children with and without hearing devices. In the current study, we examined cortical correlates of speech intelligibility in normally hearing paediatric listeners. Cortical responses were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that is fully compatible with hearing devices, including cochlear implants. In nineteen normally hearing children (aged 6 - 13 years) we measured activity in temporal and frontal cortex bilaterally whilst participants listened to both clear- and noise-vocoded sentences targeting four levels of speech intelligibility. Cortical activation in superior temporal and inferior frontal cortex was generally stronger in the left hemisphere than in the right. Activation in left superior temporal cortex grew monotonically with increasing speech intelligibility. In the same region, we identified a trend towards greater activation on correctly vs. incorrectly perceived trials, suggesting a possible sensitivity to speech intelligibility per se, beyond sensitivity to changing acoustic properties across stimulation conditions. Outside superior temporal cortex, we identified other regions in which fNIRS responses varied with speech intelligibility. For example, channels overlying posterior middle temporal regions in the right hemisphere exhibited relative deactivation during sentence processing (compared to a silent baseline condition), with the amplitude of that deactivation being greater in more difficult listening conditions. This finding may represent sensitivity to components of the default mode network in lateral temporal regions, and hence effortful listening in normally hearing paediatric listeners. Our results indicate that fNIRS has the potential to provide an objective marker of speech intelligibility in normally hearing children. Should these results be found to apply to individuals experiencing language delay or to those listening through a hearing device, such as a cochlear implant, fNIRS may form the basis of a clinically useful measure of speech understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael J Lawrence
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom.
| | - Ian M Wiggins
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica C Hodgson
- Lincoln Medical School - Universities of Nottingham and Lincoln, Charlotte Scott Building, University of Lincoln, Lincoln LN6 7TS, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas E H Hartley
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham NG1 5DU, United Kingdom; Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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Meng X, Moriguchi Y. Neural basis for egalitarian sharing in five-to six-year-old children. Neuropsychologia 2021; 154:107787. [PMID: 33577876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.107787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Preferring fair resource distribution reflects human cooperative nature, but its neural correlates in young children are not well known. We investigated the neural mechanism of egalitarian resource sharing in five-to six-year-old children to examine the possibility that early egalitarianism requires behavioral control to inhibit selfish impulses. In Study 1, children participated in a behavioral control task in which they either needed or did not need to inhibit their impulsive behavioral responses in order to quickly press a key. They subsequently allocated their resources to strangers by choosing a 2:2, 3:1, or 4:0 distribution. The activation of the dorsolateral prefrontal (dlpfc) regions was recorded by functional near-infrared spectroscopy measurements. We found that dlpfc regions were activated during cognitive tasks involving behavioral control and also during the equal, but not the more selfish, allocations. There was no difference among these allocations. The results did not show evidence of an ego depletion effect on children's sharing behavior, which predicts that children will share less after their behavioral control is taxed in a cognitive task (i.e., their self-control resource depleted). Study 2 showed no activation of the dlpfc regions during third-party equal allocations in which there was no conflict between fairness and self-interest in the distribution of resources. Overall, we showed that costly equal sharing in young children relates to the activation of dlpfc regions. These results suggest that costly equal allocation has a common neural basis with behavioral control in five-to six-year-old children, implying that early egalitarian sharing requires dealing with conflicts between maximizing self-interest and following moral norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwei Meng
- Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0083, Japan; Center of Baby Science, Doshisha University, 4-1-1 Kizugawadai, Kizugawashi, Kyoto, 619-0225, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshida-honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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Senzaki S, Pott U, Shinohara I, Moriguchi Y. Roles of culture and COMT Val58Met gene on neural basis of executive function: A comparison between Japanese and American children. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:1053-1060. [PMID: 33438225 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The development of executive functions (EF) is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors, including cultural background. Genetically, variation in the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene polymorphism has been linked to EF performance and differential regulation of prefrontal cortex activity. Based on the gene-culture interaction framework, we tested whether culture would moderate the association between the COMT gene and young children's behavioral responses and neural activities during a cognitive-shifting EF task. The children who participated in this study were 5- to 6-year-olds in Japan (n = 44) and in the U.S. (n = 47). The results revealed that U.S.-American children exhibited stronger activations than Japanese children in the right dorsolateral and bilateral prefrontal cortex regions. In addition, the children's genetic disposition and EF performance were marginally moderated by culture, with Val homozygote Japanese children performing better than Met-allele carriers, whereas no such differences were found in U.S.-American children. We have discussed the theoretical and empirical implications of the construction of a more complete understanding of EF development by incorporating both genetic and socio-cultural factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawa Senzaki
- University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Uwe Pott
- University of Wisconsin-Green Bay, Green Bay, WI, USA
| | - Ikuko Shinohara
- National Institute for Educational Policy Research of Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Moriguchi
- Joetsu University of Education, Joetsu, Japan.,Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Hou X, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Duan L, Gong Y, Li Z, Zhu C. NIRS-KIT: a MATLAB toolbox for both resting-state and task fNIRS data analysis. NEUROPHOTONICS 2021; 8:010802. [PMID: 33506071 PMCID: PMC7829673 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.8.1.010802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been widely used to probe human brain function during task state and resting state. However, the existing analysis toolboxes mainly focus on task activation analysis, few software packages can assist resting-state fNIRS studies. Aim: We aimed to provide a versatile and easy-to-use toolbox to perform analysis for both resting state and task fNIRS. Approach: We developed a MATLAB toolbox called NIRS-KIT that works for both resting-state analysis and task activation detection. Results: NIRS-KIT implements common and necessary processing steps for performing fNIRS data analysis, including data preparation, quality control, preprocessing, individual-level analysis, group-level statistics with several popular statistical models, and multiple comparison correction methods, and finally results visualization. For resting-state fNIRS analysis, functional connectivity analysis, graph theory-based network analysis, and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations analysis are provided. Additionally, NIRS-KIT also supports activation analysis for task fNIRS. Conclusions: NIRS-KIT offers an open source tool for researchers to analyze resting-state and/or task fNIRS data in one suite. It contains several key features: (1) good compatibility, supporting multiple fNIRS recording systems, data formats of NIRS-SPM and Homer2, and the shared near-infrared spectroscopy format data format recommended by the fNIRS society; (2) flexibility, supporting customized preprocessing scripts; (3) ease-to-use, allowing processing fNIRS signals in batch manner with user-friendly graphical user interfaces; and (4) feature-packed data viewing and result visualization. We anticipate that this NIRS-KIT will facilitate the development of the fNIRS field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hou
- Beijing Normal University, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
| | - Zong Zhang
- Beijing Normal University, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Beijing Normal University, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Beijing Normal University, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
| | - Yilong Gong
- Beijing Normal University, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Zhuhai, China
- Beijing Normal University, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chaozhe Zhu
- Beijing Normal University, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing, China
- Beijing Normal University, Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing, China
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43
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Zhou X, Sobczak G, McKay CM, Litovsky RY. Comparing fNIRS signal qualities between approaches with and without short channels. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244186. [PMID: 33362260 PMCID: PMC7757903 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive technique used to measure changes in oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated (HbR) hemoglobin, related to neuronal activity. fNIRS signals are contaminated by the systemic responses in the extracerebral tissue (superficial layer) of the head, as fNIRS uses a back-reflection measurement. Using shorter channels that are only sensitive to responses in the extracerebral tissue but not in the deeper layers where target neuronal activity occurs has been a ‘gold standard’ to reduce the systemic responses in the fNIRS data from adults. When shorter channels are not available or feasible for implementation, an alternative, i.e., anti-correlation (Anti-Corr) method has been adopted. To date, there has not been a study that directly assesses the outcomes from the two approaches. In this study, we compared the Anti-Corr method with the ‘gold standard’ in reducing systemic responses to improve fNIRS neural signal qualities. We used eight short channels (8-mm) in a group of adults, and conducted a principal component analysis (PCA) to extract two components that contributed the most to responses in the 8 short channels, which were assumed to contain the global components in the extracerebral tissue. We then used a general linear model (GLM), with and without including event-related regressors, to regress out the 2 principal components from regular fNIRS channels (30 mm), i.e., two GLM-PCA methods. Our results found that, the two GLM-PCA methods showed similar performance, both GLM-PCA methods and the Anti-Corr method improved fNIRS signal qualities, and the two GLM-PCA methods had better performance than the Anti-Corr method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Gabriel Sobczak
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Colette M. McKay
- Bionics Institute of Australia, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medical Bionics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ruth Y. Litovsky
- Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
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fNIRS-based functional connectivity estimation using semi-metric analysis to study decision making by nursing students and registered nurses. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22041. [PMID: 33328535 PMCID: PMC7745044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79053-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the generalizability of the semi-metric analysis of the functional connectivity (FC) for functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) by applying it to detect the dichotomy in differential FC under affective and neutral emotional states in nursing students and registered nurses during decision making. The proposed method employs wavelet transform coherence to construct FC networks and explores semi-metric analysis to extract network redundancy features, which has not been considered in conventional fNIRS-based FC analyses. The trials of the proposed method were performed on 19 nursing students and 19 registered nurses via a decision-making task under different emotional states induced by affective and neutral emotional stimuli. The cognitive activities were recorded using fNIRS, and the emotional stimuli were adopted from the International Affective Digitized Sound System (IADS). The induction of emotional effects was validated by heart rate variability (HRV) analysis. The experimental results by the proposed method showed significant difference (FDR-adjusted p = 0.004) in the nursing students’ cognitive FC network under the two different emotional conditions, and the semi-metric percentage (SMP) of the right prefrontal cortex (PFC) was found to be significantly higher than the left PFC (FDR-adjusted p = 0.036). The benchmark method (a typical weighted graph theory analysis) gave no significant results. In essence, the results support that the semi-metric analysis can be generalized and extended to fNIRS-based functional connectivity estimation.
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Yeung MK, Chan AS. A Systematic Review of the Application of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to the Study of Cerebral Hemodynamics in Healthy Aging. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 31:139-166. [PMID: 32959167 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09455-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown that healthy aging is associated with functional brain deterioration that preferentially affects the prefrontal cortex. This article reviews the application of an alternative method, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), to the study of age-related changes in cerebral hemodynamics and factors that influence cerebral hemodynamics in the elderly population. We conducted literature searches in PudMed and PsycINFO, and selected only English original research articles that used fNIRS to study healthy individuals with a mean age of ≥ 55 years. All articles were published in peer-reviewed journals between 1977 and May 2019. We synthesized 114 fNIRS studies examining hemodynamic changes that occurred in the resting state and during the tasks of sensation and perception, motor control, semantic processing, word retrieval, attentional shifting, inhibitory control, memory, and emotion and motivation in healthy older adults. This review, which was not registered in a registry, reveals an age-related reduction in resting-state cerebral oxygenation and connectivity in the prefrontal cortex. It also shows that aging is associated with a reduction in functional hemispheric asymmetry and increased compensatory activity in the frontal lobe across multiple task domains. In addition, this article describes the beneficial effects of healthy lifestyles and the detrimental effects of cardiovascular disease risk factors on brain functioning among nondemented older adults. Limitations of this review include exclusion of gray and non-English literature and lack of meta-analysis. Altogether, the fNIRS literature provides some support for various neurocognitive aging theories derived from task-based PET and fMRI studies. Because fNIRS is relatively motion-tolerant and environmentally unconstrained, it is a promising tool for fostering the development of aging biomarkers and antiaging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael K Yeung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Agnes S Chan
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Chanwuyi Research Center for Neuropsychological Well-being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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Lertladaluck K, Chutabhakdikul N, Chevalier N, Moriguchi Y. Effects of social and nonsocial reward on executive function in preschoolers. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01763. [PMID: 32729683 PMCID: PMC7507562 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Executive function, a set of higher order cognitive skills underlying goal-directed behaviors, develops rapidly during preschool years. Reward increases executive function engagement in adolescents and adults. However, there is still a scarcity of data on how reward affects executive function in young children. The present study examines whether different incentive types contribute differently to executive function performance and neural activity in children. METHODS Twenty-five preschoolers of 5-6 years old were provided an incentive Go/No-go task, comparing social, nonsocial, and nonreward conditions. Activations in the prefrontal regions during the tasks were measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS The results revealed that social reward enhanced right prefrontal activations in young children. In contrast to adult literature, younger children did not show any significant differences in executive function performance across conditions. CONCLUSION This study expands our understanding of motivation and EF engagement in preschoolers. Specifically, social reward enhanced prefrontal activations in young children. The implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanda Lertladaluck
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Nuanchan Chutabhakdikul
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Nicolas Chevalier
- Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Mushtaq F, Wiggins IM, Kitterick PT, Anderson CA, Hartley DEH. The Benefit of Cross-Modal Reorganization on Speech Perception in Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients Revealed Using Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 14:308. [PMID: 32922273 PMCID: PMC7457128 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cochlear implants (CIs) are the most successful treatment for severe-to-profound deafness in children. However, speech outcomes with a CI often lag behind those of normally-hearing children. Some authors have attributed these deficits to the takeover of the auditory temporal cortex by vision following deafness, which has prompted some clinicians to discourage the rehabilitation of pediatric CI recipients using visual speech. We studied this cross-modal activity in the temporal cortex, along with responses to auditory speech and non-speech stimuli, in experienced CI users and normally-hearing controls of school-age, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Strikingly, CI users displayed significantly greater cortical responses to visual speech, compared with controls. Importantly, in the same regions, the processing of auditory speech, compared with non-speech stimuli, did not significantly differ between the groups. This suggests that visual and auditory speech are processed synergistically in the temporal cortex of children with CIs, and they should be encouraged, rather than discouraged, to use visual speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faizah Mushtaq
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Wiggins
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Pádraig T. Kitterick
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Carly A. Anderson
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas E. H. Hartley
- National Institute for Health Research Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Hearing Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Kawaguchi H, Tanikawa Y, Yamada T. Exclusive detection of cerebral hemodynamics in functional near-infrared spectroscopy by reflectance modulation of the scalp surface. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2020; 25:1-16. [PMID: 32762174 PMCID: PMC7403450 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.25.8.087001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a technique for detecting regional hemodynamic responses associated with neural activation in the cerebral cortex. The absorption changes due to hemodynamic changes in the scalp cause considerable signal contamination in the fNIRS measurement. A method for extracting hemodynamic changes in the cerebral tissue is required for reliable fNIRS measurement. AIM To exclusively detect cerebral functional hemodynamic changes, we developed an fNIRS technique using reflectance modulation of the scalp surface. APPROACH The theoretical feasibility of the proposed method was proven by a simulation calculation of light propagation. Its practical feasibility was evaluated by a phantom experiment and brain activation simulation mimicking human fNIRS experiments. RESULTS The simulation calculation revealed that the partial path length of the scalp was changed by reflectance modulation of the scalp surface. The influence of absorption change in the superficial layer was successfully reduced by the proposed method, using only measurement data, in the phantom experiment. The proposed method was applicable to human experiments of standard designs, achieving statistical significance within an acceptable experimental time-frame. CONCLUSIONS Removal of the scalp hemodynamic effect by the proposed technique will increase the quality of fNIRS data, particularly in measurements in neonates and infants that typically would require a dense optode arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawaguchi
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yukari Tanikawa
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Toru Yamada
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan
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Nagasawa T, Ohta M, Uchiyama H. Effects of the characteristic temperament of cats on the emotions and hemodynamic responses of humans. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235188. [PMID: 32584860 PMCID: PMC7316254 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cats positive effects on their owners' physiological and psychological health, including improved mood and activation of the human prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus in the brain. However, the association between the health benefits provided by cat ownership and the characteristic behaviors and reactions of cats is unclear. We recruited 29 participants to measure human prefrontal cortex activity, using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, during interactions with a cat. After the experiments, participants subjectively responded to a questionnaire regarding success rates for interactions with the cat, and completed the Self-assessment Manikin-a scale used to measure emotion. Interactions comprised eight types in four categories (touch, play, train, and feed). This study showed that interactions with a cat significantly activated the prefrontal cortex, regardless of interaction type. During training, the integral values of oxygenated hemoglobin in the left inferior frontal gyrus were the highest in all the interaction categories; however, success rates were lower than in the touch and feed interactions. Regarding the Self-assessment Manikin scores, all interaction categories showed a positive correlation between success rate and valence score, especially in the train and play interactions than in the touch and feed interactions. These results indicate that interactions with a cat activate the prefrontal cortex in humans, including the inferior frontal gyrus region. Moreover, cats' autonomous behaviors and reactions positively influenced the participants. The characteristic temperament of cats may be a key factor influencing the health benefits of owning cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Nagasawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture Studies Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ohta
- Graduate School of Agriculture Studies Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Uchiyama
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Yanaoka K, Moriguchi Y, Saito S. Cognitive and neural underpinnings of goal maintenance in young children. Cognition 2020; 203:104378. [PMID: 32585457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Active maintenance of goal representations is an integral part of our mental regulatory processes. Previous developmental studies have highlighted goal neglect, which is the phenomenon caused by a failure to maintain goal representations, and demonstrated developmental changes of the ability to maintain goal representations among preschoolers. Yet, few studies have explored the cognitive mechanisms underlying preschoolers' development of goal maintenance. The first aim of this study was to test whether working memory capacity and inhibitory control contribute to goal maintenance using a paradigm for measuring goal neglect. Moreover, although recent studies have shown that preschoolers recruit lateral prefrontal regions in performing executive functions tasks, they could not specify the neural underpinnings of goal maintenance. Thus, the second aim was to examine whether lateral prefrontal regions played a key role in maintaining goal representations using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Our results showed that developmental differences in inhibitory control predicted the degree of goal neglect. It was also demonstrated that activation in the right prefrontal region was associated with children's successful avoidance of goal neglect. These findings offer important insights into the cognitive and neural underpinnings of goal maintenance in preschoolers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaichi Yanaoka
- Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Moriguchi
- Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Satoru Saito
- Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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