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Fussiger H, Lima PLGSB, Souza PVS, Freua F, Husny ASE, Leão EKEA, Braga-Neto P, Kok F, Lynch DS, Saute JAM, Nóbrega PR. Clinicogenetic characterization of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis in Brazil. Clin Genet 2024. [PMID: 39099467 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
There are few cerebrotendineous xanthomatosis (CTX) case series and observational studies including a significant number of Latin American patients. We describe a multicenter Brazilian cohort of patients with CTX highlighting their clinical phenotype, recurrent variants and assessing possible genotype-phenotype correlations. We analyzed data from all patients with clinical and molecular or biochemical diagnosis of CTX regularly followed at six genetics reference centers in Brazil between March 2020 and August 2023. We evaluated 38 CTX patients from 26 families, originating from 4 different geographical regions in Brazil. Genetic analysis identified 13 variants in the CYP27A1 gene within our population, including 3 variants that had not been previously described. The most frequent initial symptom of CTX in Brazil was cataract (27%), followed by xanthomas (24%), chronic diarrhea (13.5%), and developmental delay (13.5%). We observed that the median age at loss of ambulation correlates with the age of onset of neurological symptoms, with an average interval of 10 years (interquartile range 6.9 to 11 years). This study represents the largest CTX case series ever reported in South America. We describe phenotypic characteristics and report three new pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Fussiger
- Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo V S Souza
- Neurometabolic Unit, Division of Neuromuscular Diseases, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Freua
- Clinics Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Neurology Department, Beneficência Portuguesa Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonette S E Husny
- Hospital Universitário Bettina Ferro de Souza, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Emília K E A Leão
- University Hospital Complex Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Pedro Braga-Neto
- Division of Neurology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Center of Health Sciences, State University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Fernando Kok
- Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Neurology, School of Medicine of Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - David S Lynch
- Department of Neuromuscular Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- The Leonard Wolfson Experimental Neurology Centre, National Hospital for Neurology & Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Jonas A M Saute
- Graduate Program in Medicine: Medical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Neurology Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Nóbrega
- Division of Neurology, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Campus Parque Ecológico, Centro Universitário Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
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Gomes MB, Dos Santos GC, de Sousa Azulay RS, Santos DC, Silva DA, Carvalho PRVB, Negrato CA, Porto LC. Association between HLA alleles and haplotypes with age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in an admixed Brazilian population: A nationwide study. HLA 2024; 104:e15574. [PMID: 38993161 DOI: 10.1111/tan.15574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the potential relationship between HLA alleles and haplotypes and the age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1DAgeD) in an admixed Brazilian population. This nationwide study was conducted in public clinics across 12 Brazilian cities. We collected demographic and genetic data from 1,600 patients with T1D. DNA samples were utilised to determine genomic ancestry (GA) and perform HLA typings for DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1. We explored allele and haplotype frequencies and GA in patients grouped by T1DAgeD categories (<6 years, ≥6-<11 years, ≥11-<19 years and ≥19 years) through univariate and multivariate analyses and primary component analyses. Additionally, we considered self-reported colour-race and identified a familiar history of T1D in first-degree relatives. The homozygosity index for DRB1~DQA1~DQB1 haplotypes exhibited the highest variation among T1DAgeD groups, and the percentages of Sub-Saharan African and European ancestries showed opposite trends in principal component analysis (PCA) analyses. Regarding the association of alleles and haplotypes with T1DAgeD, risk alleles such as HLA-DQB1*03:02g, -DQA1*03:01g, -02:01g, DRB1*04:05g and -04:02g were more frequently observed in heterozygosity or homozygosity in T1D patients with an early disease onset. Conversely, alleles such as DRB1*07:01g, -13:03g, DQB1*06:02g and DQA1*02:01 were more prevalent in older T1D patients. The combination DR3/DR4.5 was significantly associated with early disease onset. However, gender, GA, familiar history of T1D and self-reported colour-race identity did not exhibit significant associations with the onset of T1D. It is worth noting that the very common risk haplotype DRB1*03:01g~DQA1*05:01g~DQB1*02:01g did not differentiate between T1DAgeD groups. In the admixed Brazilian population, the high-risk haplotype DRB1*04:05~DQA1*03:01~DQB1*03:02 was more prevalent in individuals diagnosed before 6 years of age. In contrast, the protective alleles DQA1*01:02g, DQB1*06:02g, DRB1*07:01g and DRB1*13:03g and haplotypes DRB1*13:03g~DQA1*05:01g~DQB1*03:01g and DRB1*16:02g~DQA1*01:02g~DQB1*05:02g were more frequently observed in patients diagnosed in adulthood. Notably, these associations were independent of factors such as sex, economic status, GA, familiar history of T1D and region of birth in Brazil. These alleles and haplotypes contribute to our understanding of the disease onset heterogeneity and may have implications for early interventions when detected in association with well-known genomic risk or protection factors for T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Brito Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gilson Costa Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Metabolomics (LabMet), Department of Genetics, IBRAG, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Deborah Conte Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dayse Aparecida Silva
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luís Cristóvão Porto
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation Laboratory (HLA-UERJ), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Meneses DG, Dos Santos FR, Botelho AJ, Bispo LM, Matos CG, Propheta VGS, Rodrigues AF, Oliveira GU, da Silva AM, Gurgel RQ. Diagnosis of cystic fibrosis: a high heterogeneity of symptoms and genotypes in a Brazil population. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:422. [PMID: 38956483 PMCID: PMC11218259 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04891-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In highly multiracial populations with inadequate newborn screening, knowledge of the various phenotypic presentations of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) can help reach an early diagnosis. This study aims to describe phenotypes and genotypes at the time of CF diagnosis in a state in the Northeast Region of Brazil. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional study. Clinical data were extracted from the medical records of CF patients. Clinical, laboratory, and genotypic characteristics were described for patients admitted to a tertiary referral center between 2007 and 2021. RESULTS Fifty-eight (58) patients were included in the study, 53.5% of whom were diagnosed through clinical suspicion. The median age at diagnosis was 4.7 months (IQR: 1.5-14.8 months). Five patients had false-negative results in the newborn screening. Faltering growth was the most frequent clinical manifestation. Bronchiectasis and a history of pneumonia predominated in those older than ten, while thinness, underweight, and electrolyte imbalances were more frequent in children under two. Sequencing of the CFTR gene identified 27 genotypes, with at least one class I-III variant in all patients, and nine variants that are rare, previously undescribed, or have uncertain significance (619delA, T12991, K162Q, 3195del6, 1678del > T, 124del123bp, 3121-3113 A > T). The most frequent alleles were p.Phe508del, p.Gly542*, p.Arg334Trp, and p.Ser549Arg. CONCLUSIONS Malnutrition and electrolyte imbalances were the most frequent phenotypes for children < 2 years and were associated with genotypes including 2 class I-III variants. Rare and previously undescribed variants were identified. The p.Gly542*, p.Arg334Trp, and p.Ser549Arg alleles were among the most frequent variants in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gois Meneses
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil.
| | - Fábia Regina Dos Santos
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Anne Jardim Botelho
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Luciana Mota Bispo
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Camilla Guerra Matos
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Vynicius Goltran Sobral Propheta
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Alexia Ferreira Rodrigues
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Géssica Uruga Oliveira
- Center for Biological and Health Sciences (NPGME), University Hospital, Federal University of Sergipe, Rua Cláudio Batista 505, Palestina, Aracaju, Sergipe, CEP 49060-025, Brazil
| | - Angela Maria da Silva
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Queiroz Gurgel
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Bettim CA, da Silva AV, Kahmann A, Dorn M, Alho CS, Avila E. MC1R and age heteroclassification of face phenotypes in the Rio Grande do Sul population. Int J Legal Med 2024; 138:859-872. [PMID: 38087053 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) consists of the use of methodologies for predicting externally visible characteristics (EVCs) from the genetic material of biological samples found in crime scenes and has proven to be a promising tool in aiding human identification in police activities. Currently, methods based on multiplex assays and statistical models of prediction of EVCs related to hair, skin, and iris pigmentation using panels of SNP and INDEL biomarkers have already been developed and validated by the forensic scientific community. As well as traces of pigmentation, an individual's perceived age (PA) can also be considered an EVC and its estimation in unknown individuals can be useful for the progress of investigations. Liu and colleagues (2016) were pioneers in evidencing that, in addition to lifestyle and environmental factors, the presence of SNP and INDEL variants in the MC1R gene - which encodes a transmembrane receptor responsible for regulating melanin production - seems to contribute to an individual's PA. The group highlighted the association between these MC1R gene polymorphisms and the PA in the European population, where carriers of risk haplotypes appeared to be up to 2 years older in comparison to their chronological age (CA). PURPOSE Understanding that genotype-phenotype relationships cannot be extrapolated between different population groups, this study aimed to test this hypothesis and verify the applicability of this variant panel in the Rio Grande do Sul admixed population. METHODS Based on genomic data from a sample of 261 volunteers representative of gaucho population and using a multiple linear regression (MLR) model, our group was able to verify a significant association among nine intronic variants in loci adjacent to MC1R (e.g., AFG3L1P, TUBB3, FANCA) and facial age appearance, whose PA was defined after age heteroclassification of standard frontal face images through 11 assessors. RESULTS Different from that observed in European populations, our results show that the presence of effect alleles (R) of the selected variants in our sample influenced both younger and older face phenotypes. The influence of each variant on PA is expressed as β values. CONCLUSIONS There are important molecular mechanisms behind the effects of MC1R locus on PA, and the genomic background of each population seems to be crucial to determine this influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Augusto Bettim
- Structural Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandro Vasconcellos da Silva
- National Science and Technology Institute for Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Technical Scientific and Identification Sections, Superintendency of Federal Police in Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Kahmann
- National Science and Technology Institute for Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
- Interdisciplinary Department, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Tramandaí, RS, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Dorn
- Structural Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarice Sampaio Alho
- National Science and Technology Institute for Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Avila
- National Science and Technology Institute for Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Technical Scientific and Identification Sections, Superintendency of Federal Police in Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- National Science and Technology Institute for Children Cancer Biology and Pediatric Oncology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Moraes DBV, Coradine TLC, Silva EVL, Sobreira-Neto MA, Marques W, Gitaí LLG, Tumas V. Genetic Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Spinocerebellar Ataxias in an Unexplored Brazilian State, Using Strategies for Resource-Limited Settings. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2024; 23:609-619. [PMID: 37454040 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-023-01581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) have a worldwide average prevalence of 2.7 cases per 100,000 individuals, with significant geographic variability. This study aimed to develop resource-limited strategies to detect and characterize the frequency and genetic-clinical profile of SCAs in an unexplored population from Alagoas State, a low Human Development Index state in northeastern Brazil. Active search strategies were employed to identify individuals with a diagnosis or clinical suspicion of SCAs, and a protocol for clinical and molecular evaluation was applied in collaboration with a reference center in Neurogenetics. A total of 73 individuals with SCAs were identified, with a minimum estimated prevalence of 2.17 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. SCA3 was the most common type (75.3%), followed by SCA7 (15.1%), SCA1 (6.8%), and SCA2 (2.7%). Patients with SCA3 subphenotype 2 were the most predominant. Detailed analysis of patients with SCA3 and SCA7 revealed age at onset and clinical features congruent with other studies, with gait disturbance and reduced visual capacity in SCA7 as the main initial manifestations. The study also identified many asymptomatic individuals at risk of developing SCAs. These findings demonstrate that simple and collaborative strategies can enhance the detection capacity of rare diseases such as SCAs in resource-limited settings and that Alagoas State has a minimum estimated prevalence of SCAs similar to the world average.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Beserra Vilar Moraes
- Postgraduate Program, Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário - Rua Bernardino de Campos, 1000 - Centro, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 65470-000, Brazil
| | - Tácio Luis Cavalcante Coradine
- Graduation Course, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Universitário, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Everton Vieira Lopes Silva
- Graduation Course, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Universitário, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Prof. Costa Mendes, 1408 - 4°, Andar, CEP: 60.430-140, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Wilson Marques
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário - Rua Bernardino de Campos, 1000 - Centro, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 65470-000, Brazil
| | - Lívia Leite Góes Gitaí
- Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Universitário, Avenida Lourival Melo Mota S/N, Tabuleiro dos Martins, CEP 57.072-900, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.
- , Maceió, Brazil.
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Campus Universitário - Rua Bernardino de Campos, 1000 - Centro, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 65470-000, Brazil.
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Lopes MQP, Teixeira RLF, Cabello PH, Nery JAC, Sales AM, Nahn J. R. EP, Moreira MV, Stahlke EVR, Possuelo LG, Rossetti MLR, Rabahi MF, Silva LFM, Leme PA, Woods WJ, Nobre ML, de Oliveira MLWDR, Narahashi K, Cavalcanti M, Suffys PN, Boukouvala S, Gallo MEN, Santos AR. Human N-acetyltransferase 2 ( NAT2) gene variability in Brazilian populations from different geographical areas. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1278720. [PMID: 38035025 PMCID: PMC10684696 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1278720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Several polymorphisms altering the NAT2 activity have already been identified. The geographical distribution of NAT2 variants has been extensively studied and has been demonstrated to vary significantly among different ethnic population. Here, we describe the genetic variability of human N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) gene and the predominant genotype-deduced acetylation profiles of Brazilians. Methods: A total of 964 individuals, from five geographical different regions, were genotyped for NAT2 by sequencing the entire coding exon. Results: Twenty-three previously described NAT2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, including the seven most common ones globally (c.191G>A, c.282C>T, c.341T>C, c.481C>T, c.590G>A, c.803A>G and c.857G>A). The main allelic groups were NAT2*5 (36%) and NAT2*6 (18.2%), followed to the reference allele NAT2*4 (20.4%). Combined into genotypes, the most prevalent allelic groups were NAT2*5/*5 (14.6%), NAT2*5/*6 (11.9%) and NAT2*6/*6 (6.2%). The genotype deduced NAT2 slow acetylation phenotype was predominant but showed significant variability between geographical regions. The prevalence of slow acetylation phenotype was higher in the Northeast, North and Midwest (51.3%, 45.5% and 41.5%, respectively) of the country. In the Southeast, the intermediate acetylation phenotype was the most prevalent (40.3%) and, in the South, the prevalence of rapid acetylation phenotype was significantly higher (36.7%), when compared to other Brazilian states (p < 0.0001). Comparison of the predicted acetylation profile among regions showed homogeneity among the North and Northeast but was significantly different when compared to the Southeast (p = 0.0396). The Southern region was significantly different from all other regions (p < 0.0001). Discussion: This study contributes not only to current knowledge of the NAT2 population genetic diversity in different geographical regions of Brazil, but also to the reconstruction of a more accurate phenotypic picture of NAT2 acetylator profiles in those regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Quinhones P. Lopes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Mycobacteria, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Lima F. Teixeira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Mycobacteria, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro Hernan Cabello
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Augusto C. Nery
- Leprosy Laboratory, Souza Araújo Outpatient Clinic, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anna Maria Sales
- Leprosy Laboratory, Souza Araújo Outpatient Clinic, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lia Gonçalves Possuelo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IB and Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia R. Rossetti
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, IB and Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F. Rabahi
- Anuar Auad Infectious Disease Reference Hospital, Goiania, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Philip Noel Suffys
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Mycobacteria, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sotiria Boukouvala
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Pharmacogenomics - Toxicogenomics, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Eugênia N. Gallo
- Leprosy Laboratory, Souza Araújo Outpatient Clinic, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Rezende Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Mycobacteria, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Jacometti V, Guimarães MA, de Moraes LOC, Marques SR, Cunha E, da Silva RHA. Ancestry estimation in forensic anthropology: accuracy of the AncesTrees software in a Brazilian sample. Forensic Sci Res 2023; 8:202-210. [PMID: 38221968 PMCID: PMC10785597 DOI: 10.1093/fsr/owad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study is to analyze the accuracy and applicability of the AncesTrees software with respect to a set of cranial measurements of a Brazilian sample consisting of 114 identified skulls from two osteological collections, predominantly composed of European (n = 59), African (n = 35), and admixed individuals (n = 20). Twenty-four different craniometric measurements are performed and input to AncesTrees via two algorithms, one of which is used in three configurations, with different ancestral groups integrated in the model. The software exhibits superior performance in the estimation of European individuals, reaching 73% accuracy, compared with 66% in the African individuals. Those individuals classified as admixed produce a variety of ancestral classifications, mainly European. Overall, the most accurate combination of AncesTrees is obtained using ancestralForest with only the European and African groups integrated into the algorithm, where the accuracy reaches 70%. The applicability of this software to a specific population is fragile because of the high admixing load, making it necessary to create a more representative anthropometric database of the Brazilian people. Key points Ancestry estimation methods are seldom validated in Brazil.AncesTrees performed poorly on our sample, with a maximum accuracy of 70%.Brazil's highly mixed population hinders ancestry estimation.Mixed individuals (pardos) are predominantly classified as Europeans.The insertion of Brazilian metric data into the AncesTrees database would produce better results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Jacometti
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14048-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio Guimarães
- Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, 14048-900 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Luis Otávio Carvalho de Moraes
- Discipline of Descriptive and Topografic Anatomy, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04024-002 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Ricardo Marques
- Discipline of Descriptive and Topografic Anatomy, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, 04024-002 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eugénia Cunha
- Laboratory of Forensic Anthropology, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Henrique Alves da Silva
- Department of Stomatology, Public Health and Forensic Odontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, 14040-904 Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Amorim G, Jaworski J, Cordeiro-Santos M, Kritski AL, Figueiredo MC, Turner M, Andrade BB, Velez Edwards DR, Santos AR, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Haas DW. Pharmacogenetics of tuberculosis treatment toxicity and effectiveness in a large Brazilian cohort. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.08.30.23294860. [PMID: 37693472 PMCID: PMC10491388 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.23294860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with risk of anti-tuberculosis treatment toxicity. We characterized associations with adverse events and treatment failure/recurrence among adults treated for tuberculosis in Brazil. Methods Participants were followed in Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil. We included persons with culture-confirmed drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis who started treatment between 2015-2019, and who were evaluable for pharmacogenetics. Treatment included 2 months of isoniazid, rifampin or rifabutin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, then 4 months of isoniazid and rifampin or rifabutin, with 24 month follow-up. Analyses included 43 polymorphisms in 20 genes related to anti-tuberculosis drug hepatotoxicity or pharmacokinetics. Whole exome sequencing was done in a case-control toxicity subset. Results Among 903 participants in multivariable genetic association analyses, NAT2 slow acetylator status was associated with increased risk of treatment-related grade 2 or greater adverse events, including hepatotoxicity. Treatment failure/recurrence was more likely among NAT2 rapid acetylators, but not statistically significant at the 5% level. A GSTM1 polymorphism (rs412543) was associated with increased risk of treatment-related adverse events, including hepatotoxicity. SLCO1B1 polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of treatment- related hepatoxicity and treatment failure/recurrence. Polymorphisms in NR1/2 were associated with decreased risk of adverse events and increased risk of failure/recurrence. In whole exome sequencing, hepatotoxicity was associated with a polymorphism in VTI1A , and the genes METTL17 and PRSS57 , but none achieved genome-wide significance. Conclusions In a clinical cohort representing three regions of Brazil, NAT2 acetylator status was associated with risk for treatment-related adverse events. Additional significant polymorphisms merit investigation in larger study populations.
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Tozetto-Mendoza TR, Mendes-Correa MC, Linhares IM, de Cássia Raymundi V, de Oliveira Paião HG, Barbosa EMG, Luna-Muschi A, Honorato L, Correa GF, da Costa AC, Costa SF, Witkin SS. Association between development of severe COVID-19 and a polymorphism in the CIAS1 gene that codes for an inflammasome component. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11252. [PMID: 37438453 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38095-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
An elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine response is associated with severe life-threatening symptoms in individuals with Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID). The inflammasome is an intracellular structure responsible for generation of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. NALP3, a product of the CIAS1 gene, is the rate-limiting component for inflammasome activity. We evaluated if a CIAS1 42 base pair length polymorphism (rs74163773) was associated with severe COVID. DNA from 93 individuals with severe COVID, 38 with mild COVID, and 98 controls were analyzed for this polymorphism. The 12 unit repeat allele is associated with the highest inflammasome activity. Five alleles, corresponding to 6, 7, 9, 12 or 13 repeat units, divided into 12 genotypes were identified. The frequency of the 12 unit repeat allele was 45.3% in those with severe disease as opposed to 30.0% in those with mild disease and 26.0% in controls (p < 0.0001, severe vs. controls). In contrast, the 7 unit repeat allele frequency was 30.1% in controls as opposed to 14.0% and 12.5% in those with severe or mild disease, respectively (p ≤ 0.0017). We conclude that individuals positive for the CIAS1 12 allele may be at elevated risk for development of severe COVID due to an increased level of induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania R Tozetto-Mendoza
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Maria Cassia Mendes-Correa
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara Moreno Linhares
- Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetricia, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Cássia Raymundi
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heuder Gustavo de Oliveira Paião
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erick Matheus Garcia Barbosa
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Luna-Muschi
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Layla Honorato
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Francisco Correa
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Charlys da Costa
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Figueiredo Costa
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven S Witkin
- Laboratório de Virologia LIM 52, Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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Carnauba RA, Sarti FM, Hassimotto NMA, Lajolo FM. Bioactive Compounds Intake of the Brazilian Population According to Geographic Region. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2414. [PMID: 37446975 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Studies have been conducted in order to estimate bioactive compound consumption across populations, with substantial disparities according to the origin of the cohort examined. In this sense, Brazil is a continental country with marked differences in food plant availability across geographic regions. We aimed to estimate the bioactive compound intake according to Brazilian geographic region, as well as to determine the major contributors. Data were obtained from the National Dietary Survey 2017-2018, a cross-sectional population-based study including data on the individual food intake of 46,164 subjects aged ≥10 years. The consumption of polyphenols (total and classes) was significantly higher in the South compared with other regions (p = 0.0001). Total carotenoid intake was higher in the Midwest, followed by the Southeast (p = 0.0001). Tea was the main supplier of total polyphenol intake in the South, whereas coffee contributed the most to total polyphenol intake in other Brazilian regions. Açaí, caja juice, mango and corn were important suppliers of carotenoid intake in the North and Northeast. Bioactive compound intake presented variations according to Brazilian region, and individuals living in the South, Midwest and Southeast may experience higher bioactive-dense diets. We highlight the potential of many food plants for sustained explorations to the development of marketable products, possibly increasing the bioactive compound intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata A Carnauba
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo 05508-020, Brazil
| | - Flavia M Sarti
- Center for Research in Complex Systems Modeling, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
| | - Neuza M A Hassimotto
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo 05508-020, Brazil
| | - Franco M Lajolo
- Department of Food Science and Experimental Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-220, Brazil
- Food Research Center, CEPID-FAPESP (Research Innovation and Dissemination Centers, São Paulo Research Foundation), São Paulo 05508-020, Brazil
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Gomes MB, Rodrigues V, Santos DC, Bôas PRV, Silva DA, de Sousa Azulay RS, Dib SA, Pavin EJ, Fernandes VO, Montenegro Junior RM, Felicio JS, Réa R, Negrato CA, Porto LC. Association between HLA Class II Alleles/Haplotypes and Genomic Ancestry in Brazilian Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Nationwide Exploratory Study. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14050991. [PMID: 37239351 DOI: 10.3390/genes14050991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to identify HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 alleles/haplotypes associated with European, African, or Native American genomic ancestry (GA) in admixed Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This exploratory nationwide study enrolled 1599 participants. GA percentage was inferred using a panel of 46 ancestry informative marker-insertion/deletion. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis (ROC) was applied to identify HLA class II alleles related to European, African, or Native American GA, and showed significant (p < 0.05) accuracy for identifying HLA risk alleles related to European GA: for DRB1*03:01, the area under the curve was (AUC) 0.533; for DRB1*04:01 AUC = 0.558, for DRB1*04:02 AUC = 0.545. A better accuracy for identifying African GA was observed for the risk allele DRB1*09:01AUC = 0.679 and for the protective alleles DRB1*03:02 AUC = 0.649, DRB1*11:02 AUC = 0.636, and DRB1*15:03 AUC = 0.690. Higher percentage of European GA was observed in patients with risk haplotypes (p < 0.05). African GA percentage was higher in patients with protective haplotypes (p < 0.05). Risk alleles and haplotypes were related to European GA and protective alleles/haplotypes to African GA. Future studies with other ancestry markers are warranted to fill the gap in knowledge regarding the genetic origin of T1D in highly admixed populations such as that found in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Brito Gomes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Vandilson Rodrigues
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Deborah Conte Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes Unit, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Villas Bôas
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation Laboratory (HLA), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
| | - Dayse A Silva
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Rossana Santiago de Sousa Azulay
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil
| | - Sergio Atala Dib
- Endocrinology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth João Pavin
- Endocrinology Division, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Virgínia Oliveira Fernandes
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Community Health, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC/EBSERH), Fortaleza 60430-372, Brazil
| | - Renan Magalhães Montenegro Junior
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil
- Department of Community Health, Federal University of Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza 60430-275, Brazil
- Clinical Research Unit, Walter Cantídio University Hospital, Federal University of Ceará (UFC/EBSERH), Fortaleza 60430-372, Brazil
| | - João Soares Felicio
- Endocrinology Division, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Federal University of Pará (UFPA), Belém 66073-000, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Réa
- Endocrinology Unit, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba 80060-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Antonio Negrato
- Medical Doctor Program, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Bauru 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Luís Cristóvão Porto
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation Laboratory (HLA), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20950-003, Brazil
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Felkl AB, Avila E, Gastaldo AZ, Lindholz CG, Dorn M, Alho CS. Ancestry resolution of South Brazilians by forensic 165 ancestry-informative SNPs panel. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2023; 64:102838. [PMID: 36736201 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) includes biogeographic ancestry (BGA) inference and externally visible characteristics (EVCs) prediction directly from an evidential DNA sample as alternatives to provide valuable intelligence when conventional DNA profiling fails to achieve identification. In this context, the application of Massively Parallel Sequencing (MPS) methodologies, which enables simultaneous typing of multiple samples and hundreds of forensic markers, has been gradually implemented in forensic genetic casework. The Precision ID Ancestry Panel (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, USA) is a forensic multiplex assay consisting of 165 autosomal SNPs designed to provide biogeographic ancestry information. In this work, a sample of 250 individuals from Rio Grande do Sul (RS) State, southern Brazil, apportioned into four main population groups (African-, European-, Amerindian-, and Admixed-derived Gauchos), was evaluated with this panel, to assess the feasibility of this approach in a highly heterogeneous population. Forensic descriptive parameters estimated for each population group revealed that this panel has enough polymorphic and informative SNPs to be used as a supplementary instrument in forensic individual identification and kinship testing regardless of ethnicity. No statistically significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed after Bonferroni correction. However, seven loci pairs displayed linkage disequilibrium in pairwise LD testing (p < 3.70 × 10-6). Interpopulation comparisons by FST analysis, MDS plot, and STRUCTURE analysis among the four RS population groups apart and along with 89 reference worldwide populations demonstrated that Admixed- and African-derived Gauchos present the highest levels of admixture and population stratification, whereas European- and Amerindian-derived exhibit a more homogeneous genetic conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Brugnera Felkl
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Avila
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Technical Scientific Section, Federal Police Department in Rio Grande do Sul State, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - André Zoratto Gastaldo
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Catieli Gobetti Lindholz
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio Dorn
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Clarice Sampaio Alho
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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da Luz Moreira A, de Campos Lobato LF, de Lima Moreira JP, Luiz RR, Elia C, Fiocchi C, de Souza HSP. Geosocial Features and Loss of Biodiversity Underlie Variable Rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Large Developing Country: A Population-Based Study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1696-1708. [PMID: 35089325 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in developing countries may uncover etiopathogenic factors. We investigated IBD prevalence in Brazil by investigating its geographic, spatial, and temporal distribution, and attempted to identify factors associated with its recent increase. METHODS A drug prescription database was queried longitudinally to identify patients and verify population distribution and density, race, urbanicity, sanitation, and Human Development Index. Prevalence was calculated using the number of IBD patients and the population estimated during the same decade. Data were matched to indices using linear regression analyses. RESULTS We identified 162 894 IBD patients, 59% with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 41% with Crohn's disease (CD). The overall prevalence of IBD was 80 per 100 000, with 46 per 100 000 for UC and 36 per 100 000 for CD. Estimated rates adjusted to total population showed that IBD more than triplicated from 2008 to 2017. The distribution of IBD demonstrated a South-to-North gradient that generally followed population apportionment. However, marked regional differences and disease clusters were identified that did not fit with conventionally accepted IBD epidemiological associations, revealing that the rise of IBD was variable. In some areas, loss of biodiversity was associated with high IBD prevalence. CONCLUSIONS When distribution is considered in the context of IBD prevalence, marked regional differences become evident. Despite a background of Westernization, hotspots of IBD are recognized that are not explained by population density, urbanicity, sanitation, or other indices but apparently are explained by biodiversity loss. Thus, the rise of IBD in developing countries is not uniform, but rather is one that varies depending on yet unexplored factors like geoecological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre da Luz Moreira
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, NYU Langone Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Ronir Raggio Luiz
- Institute of Collective Health Studies, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Celeste Elia
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Immunity & Inflammation, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Heitor Siffert Pereira de Souza
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Simão F, Castillo A, Burgos G, Gusmão L. Sample collection strategies when building mitochondrial DNA forensic databases. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2022.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Relationship among health-related quality of life and global ancestry, clinical and socioeconomic factors in type 1 diabetes in an admixed Brazilian population. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11060. [PMID: 35773385 PMCID: PMC9246993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15138-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to evaluate the Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) patients in an admixed Brazilian population. This is a cross-sectional study with 152 T1D patients. HRQoL information was obtained from two self-completed questionnaires: Short Form-6 dimensions and EuroQol-5 dimensions with visual analog scale. For inference of global ancestry, the panel of 46 autosomal informational insertion/deletion ancestry markers was used. Demographic and socioeconomic data, presence of chronic complications, glycemic control level, and type of treatment were obtained. Patients with good HRQoL were: male, under 18 years old, had health insurance, less than 5 years of diagnosis, practiced physical activity, without hypoglycemia in the last 30 days, absence of retinopathy and nephropathy, a participant in educational activities, used analogous insulin, monitoring blood glucose, observed maximum adherence to treatment and came from the secondary service. Global ancestry and self-reported color/race did not influence HRQoL indexes. Our study is the first to measure HRQoL, global ancestry and recognize the impact of T1D on the lives of patients in the State of Maranhão, Brazil. The results validate the need to provide T1D patients with continuous training on self-management and self-monitoring, aiming for better results in metabolic control and, subsequently, in the prevention of acute and chronic complications, in order to generate positive impacts on the quality of life of this population. We understand that global ancestry in a highly mixed population such as ours did not influence the HRQoL of these patients.
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HLA Genotypes and Type 1 Diabetes and Its Relationship to Reported Race/Skin Color in Their Relatives: A Brazilian Multicenter Study. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13060972. [PMID: 35741734 PMCID: PMC9223352 DOI: 10.3390/genes13060972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the relationship between HLA alleles in patients with type 1 diabetes from an admixed population and the reported race/skin color of their relatives. This cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted in public clinics in nine Brazilian cities and included 662 patients with type 1 diabetes and their relatives. Demographic data for patients and information on the race/skin color and birthplace of their relatives were obtained. Typing of the HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, and -DQB1 genes was performed. Most studied patients reported having a White relative (95.17%), and the most frequently observed allele among them was DRB1*03:01. Increased odds of presenting this allele were found only in those patients who reported having all White relatives. Considering that most of the patients reported having a White relative and that the most frequent observed allele was DRB1*03:01 (probably a European-derived allele), regardless of the race/skin color of their relatives, we conclude that the type 1 diabetes genotype comes probably from European, Caucasian ethnicity. However, future studies with other ancestry markers are needed to fill the knowledge gap regarding the genetic origin of the type 1 diabetes genotype in admixed populations such as the Brazilian.
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Reis RMDF, Azulay RSDS, Tavares MDG, Nascimento GC, Damianse SDSP, Rocha VCDC, Almeida AG, Lago DCF, Rodrigues V, Magalhães M, Sobral CS, Parente C, França J, Ribeiro J, Ferraz PCD, Junior CAA, Silva DA, Gomes MB, Faria MDS. Early Markers of Cardiovascular Disease Associated with Clinical Data and Autosomal Ancestry in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Admixed Brazilian Population. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020389. [PMID: 35205433 PMCID: PMC8872303 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is a major cause of death in this population. This study investigates early markers of CVD associated with clinical data and autosomal ancestry in T1D patients from an admixed Brazilian population. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 99 T1D patients. The mean age of the study sample was 27.6 years and the mean duration of T1D was 14.4 years. The frequencies of abnormalities of the early markers of CVD were 19.6% in the ankle-brachial index (ABI), 4.1% in the coronary artery calcium score (CACS), and 5% in the carotid Doppler. A significant percentage of agreement was observed for the comparison of the frequency of abnormalities between CACS and carotid Doppler (92.2%, p = 0.041). There was no significant association between the level of autosomal ancestry proportions and early markers of CVD. The ABI was useful in the early identification of CVD in asymptomatic young patients with T1D and with a short duration of disease. Although CACS and carotid Doppler are non-invasive tests, carotid Doppler is more cost-effective, and both have limitations in screening for CVD in young patients with a short duration of T1D. We did not find a statistically significant relationship between autosomal ancestry proportions and early CVD markers in an admixed Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Maria Duailibe Ferreira Reis
- Graduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão-UFMA, Av. dos Portugueses, São Luís 65085-580, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.d.S.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rossana Santiago de Sousa Azulay
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Maria da Glória Tavares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Gilvan Cortês Nascimento
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Sabrina da Silva Pereira Damianse
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Viviane Chaves de Carvalho Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Ana Gregória Almeida
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.G.A.); (V.R.); (J.R.); (P.C.D.F.); (C.A.A.J.)
| | - Débora Cristina Ferreira Lago
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Vandilson Rodrigues
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.G.A.); (V.R.); (J.R.); (P.C.D.F.); (C.A.A.J.)
| | - Marcelo Magalhães
- Graduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão-UFMA, Av. dos Portugueses, São Luís 65085-580, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.d.S.F.)
| | - Carla Souza Sobral
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Conceição Parente
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Joana França
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227-Centro, São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (R.S.d.S.A.); (M.d.G.T.); (G.C.N.); (S.d.S.P.D.); (V.C.d.C.R.); (D.C.F.L.); (C.S.S.); (C.P.); (J.F.)
| | - Jacqueline Ribeiro
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.G.A.); (V.R.); (J.R.); (P.C.D.F.); (C.A.A.J.)
| | - Paulo Cézar Dias Ferraz
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.G.A.); (V.R.); (J.R.); (P.C.D.F.); (C.A.A.J.)
| | - Carlos Alberto Azulay Junior
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís 65020-070, Brazil; (A.G.A.); (V.R.); (J.R.); (P.C.D.F.); (C.A.A.J.)
| | - Dayse Aparecida Silva
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), R. São Francisco Xavier, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil;
| | - Marília Brito Gomes
- Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), R. São Francisco Xavier, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil;
| | - Manuel dos Santos Faria
- Graduate Program in Adult Health (PPGSAD), Federal University of Maranhão-UFMA, Av. dos Portugueses, São Luís 65085-580, Brazil; (M.M.); (M.d.S.F.)
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Polymorphisms at CYP enzymes, NR1I2 and NR1I3 in association with virologic response to antiretroviral therapy in Brazilian HIV-positive individuals. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2022; 22:33-38. [PMID: 34504302 DOI: 10.1038/s41397-021-00254-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Virologic failure of antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be explained by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in drug absorption and metabolism genes. Here, we characterized the associations between polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 enzymes' genes CYP2B6 and CYP3A4/A5, nuclear receptor genes NR1I2/3, and initial ART efficacy among 203 HIV-positive individuals from Rio de Janeiro. Association between SNPs and virologic control was evaluated after 6 and 12 months of follow-up using Cox regression models. The SNP rs2307424 (NR1I3) was associated with increased virologic response after 12 months of treatment, while rs1523127 (NR1I2), rs3003596, and rs2502815 (NR1I3) were associated with decreased response. Increased virologic response after 12 months (adjHR = 1.54; p = 0.02) was also observed among carriers of the NR1I3 haplotype rs2502815G-rs3003596A-rs2307424A versus the reference haplotype G-A-G. Our results suggest that NR1I2 and NR1I3 variants are associated with virologic responses to ART among Brazilians.
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Joerin-Luque IA, Augusto DG, Calonga-Solís V, de Almeida RC, Lopes CVG, Petzl-Erler ML, Beltrame MH. Uniparental markers reveal new insights on subcontinental ancestry and sex-biased admixture in Brazil. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:419-435. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Simão F, Ribeiro J, Vullo C, Catelli L, Gomes V, Xavier C, Huber G, Bodner M, Quiroz A, Ferreira AP, Carvalho EF, Parson W, Gusmão L. The Ancestry of Eastern Paraguay: A Typical South American Profile with a Unique Pattern of Admixture. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1788. [PMID: 34828394 PMCID: PMC8625094 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immigrants from diverse origins have arrived in Paraguay and produced important demographic changes in a territory initially inhabited by indigenous Guarani. Few studies have been performed to estimate the proportion of Native ancestry that is still preserved in Paraguay and the role of females and males in admixture processes. Therefore, 548 individuals from eastern Paraguay were genotyped for three marker sets: mtDNA, Y-SNPs and autosomal AIM-InDels. A genetic homogeneity was found between departments for each set of markers, supported by the demographic data collected, which showed that only 43% of the individuals have the same birthplace as their parents. The results show a sex-biased intermarriage, with higher maternal than paternal Native American ancestry. Within the native mtDNA lineages in Paraguay (87.2% of the total), most haplogroups have a broad distribution across the subcontinent, and only few are concentrated around the Paraná River basin. The frequency distribution of the European paternal lineages in Paraguay (92.2% of the total) showed a major contribution from the Iberian region. In addition to the remaining legacy of the colonial period, the joint analysis of the different types of markers included in this study revealed the impact of post-war migrations on the current genetic background of Paraguay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Simão
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (F.S.); (J.R.); (A.P.F.); (E.F.C.)
| | - Julyana Ribeiro
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (F.S.); (J.R.); (A.P.F.); (E.F.C.)
| | - Carlos Vullo
- DNA Forensic Laboratory, Argentinean Forensic Anthropology Team, Córdoba 14001, Argentina; (C.V.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Catelli
- DNA Forensic Laboratory, Argentinean Forensic Anthropology Team, Córdoba 14001, Argentina; (C.V.); (L.C.)
| | - Verónica Gomes
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal;
- Institute of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, University of Porto (IPATIMUP), 4099-002 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Xavier
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.X.); (G.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Gabriela Huber
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.X.); (G.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bodner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.X.); (G.H.); (M.B.)
| | - Alfredo Quiroz
- Instituto de Previsión Social, Asunción 100153, Paraguay;
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (F.S.); (J.R.); (A.P.F.); (E.F.C.)
| | - Elizeu F. Carvalho
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (F.S.); (J.R.); (A.P.F.); (E.F.C.)
| | - Walther Parson
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (C.X.); (G.H.); (M.B.)
- Forensic Science Program, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16801, USA
| | - Leonor Gusmão
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (F.S.); (J.R.); (A.P.F.); (E.F.C.)
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Rossi ÁD, Faucz FR, Melo A, de Azevedo GS, Pezzuto P, Bezerra OCDL, Manta FSDN, Azamor T, Schamber-Reis BLF, Tanuri A, Moraes MO, Aguiar RS, Stratakis CA, Cardoso CC. Association between Maternal Non-Coding Interferon-λ Polymorphisms and Congenital Zika Syndrome in a Cohort from Brazilian Northeast. Viruses 2021; 13:2253. [PMID: 34835060 PMCID: PMC8622836 DOI: 10.3390/v13112253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) is characterized by a diverse group of congenital malformations induced by ZIKV infection during pregnancy. Type III interferons have been associated with placental immunity against ZIKV and restriction of vertical transmission in mice, and non-coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on these genes are well known to influence susceptibility to other viral infections. However, their effect on ZIKV pathogenesis has not yet been explored. To investigate whether maternal non-coding SNPs at IFNL genes are associated with CZS, 52 women infected with ZIKV during pregnancy were enrolled in a case-control association study. A total of 28 women were classified as cases and 24 as controls based on the presence or absence of CZS in their infants, and seven Interferon-λ non-coding SNPs (rs12980275, rs8099917, rs4803217, rs4803219, rs8119886, rs368234815, rs12979860) were genotyped. The results of logistic regression analyses show an association between the G allele at rs8099917 and increased susceptibility to CZS under a log-additive model (adjustedOR = 2.80; 95%CI = 1.14-6.91; p = 0.02), after adjustment for trimester of infection and genetic ancestry. These results provide evidence of an association between Interferon-λ SNPs and CZS, suggesting rs8099917 as a promising candidate for further studies on larger cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Átila Duque Rossi
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Á.D.R.); (P.P.); (A.T.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Fabio Rueda Faucz
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (F.R.F.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Adriana Melo
- Instituto de Pesquisa Professor Joaquim Amorim Neto (IPESQ), Campina Grande 58406-115, Brazil; (A.M.); (G.S.d.A.)
| | - Girlene Souza de Azevedo
- Instituto de Pesquisa Professor Joaquim Amorim Neto (IPESQ), Campina Grande 58406-115, Brazil; (A.M.); (G.S.d.A.)
| | - Paula Pezzuto
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Á.D.R.); (P.P.); (A.T.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Ohanna Cavalcanti de Lima Bezerra
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (O.C.d.L.B.); (F.S.d.N.M.); (T.A.); (M.O.M.)
| | - Fernanda Saloum de Neves Manta
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (O.C.d.L.B.); (F.S.d.N.M.); (T.A.); (M.O.M.)
| | - Tamiris Azamor
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (O.C.d.L.B.); (F.S.d.N.M.); (T.A.); (M.O.M.)
| | - Bruno Luiz Fonseca Schamber-Reis
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Campina Grande, Núcleo de Genética Médica, Centro Universitário UniFacisa, Campina Grande 58408-326, Brazil;
| | - Amilcar Tanuri
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Á.D.R.); (P.P.); (A.T.); (R.S.A.)
| | - Milton Ozório Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (O.C.d.L.B.); (F.S.d.N.M.); (T.A.); (M.O.M.)
| | - Renato Santana Aguiar
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Á.D.R.); (P.P.); (A.T.); (R.S.A.)
- Laboratório de Biologia Integrativa, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Constantine A. Stratakis
- Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA; (F.R.F.); (C.A.S.)
| | - Cynthia Chester Cardoso
- Laboratório de Virologia Molecular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (Á.D.R.); (P.P.); (A.T.); (R.S.A.)
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Gemelli IFB, Silva TR, Farias EDS, Olinto MTA, Spritzer PM. Insulin resistance and associated factors in female adolescents from two capital cities in the north and south of Brazil. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:113. [PMID: 34666809 PMCID: PMC8527714 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00730-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been described that physiological changes in glucose metabolism, represented by insulin resistance (IR), are predicted during pubertal evolution, and obesity may be associated with its persistence even at the end of puberty. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of IR in female adolescents with possible associated factors and evaluate the relationship of time since menarche (< 2 vs. ≥ 2 years) in the occurrence of IR in two Brazilian capital cities: Porto Velho (RO) and Porto Alegre (RS). METHODS This is a cross-sectional school-based study, using information from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks (ERICA) database for adolescents aged 12-17 years, enrolled in public and private schools, in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants in Brazil, between 2013 and 2014. The present study included 889 adolescents, 382 in Porto Velho (PVh) and 507 in Porto Alegre (PoA). The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥ 3.16 and fasting insulin ≥ 15 mU/L was used to determine the outcome variable of IR. Estimates of crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with confidence intervals of 95% were calculated using Poisson regression with robust variance. Sociodemographic, behavioral, reproductive and nutritional characteristics were considered as potential confounding factors in multivariable models based on a conceptual framework of IR determination. RESULTS In the total sample, the prevalence of IR was 22.03% (95% CI 17.84-26.89). After adjusting the models, age 15-17 years and time since menarche ≥ 2 years were found to act as protective factors for IR; in contrast, the highest probability of IR was observed in black adolescents, with increased waist circumference (WC) and overweight/obesity (Ow/Ob). The protective effect of two or more years since menarche (post-menarche) was observed for both higher HOMA-IR and fasting insulin in PVh; in PoA, such protection was maintained only for fasting insulin ≥ 15 mU/L after adjustments in the multivariate models. CONCLUSIONS IR is more prevalent during the peri-menarche period, especially in younger and black adolescents, compared to their white and post-menarche counterparts. The association between Ow/Ob and high WC with the occurrence of IR was independent of age and ethnicity variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Rasia Silva
- Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Teresa Anselmo Olinto
- Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- University of Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos, UNISINOS, São Leopoldo, Brazil
| | - Poli Mara Spritzer
- Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil.
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23
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Olaya-Galán NN, Salas-Cárdenas SP, Rodriguez-Sarmiento JL, Ibáñez-Pinilla M, Monroy R, Corredor-Figueroa AP, Rubiano W, de la Peña J, Shen H, Buehring GC, Patarroyo MA, Gutierrez MF. Risk factor for breast cancer development under exposure to bovine leukemia virus in Colombian women: A case-control study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257492. [PMID: 34547016 PMCID: PMC8454960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses have been implicated in cancer development in both humans and animals. The role of viruses in cancer is typically to initiate cellular transformation through cellular DNA damage, although specific mechanisms remain unknown. Silent and long-term viral infections need to be present, in order to initiate cancer disease. In efforts to establish a causative role of viruses, first is needed to demonstrate the strength and consistency of associations in different populations. The aim of this study was to determine the association of bovine leukemia virus (BLV), a causative agent of leukemia in cattle, with breast cancer and its biomarkers used as prognosis of the severity of the disease (Ki67, HER2, hormonal receptors) in Colombian women. An unmatched, observational case-control study was conducted among women undergoing breast surgery between 2016-2018. Malignant samples (n = 75) were considered as cases and benign samples (n = 83) as controls. Nested-liquid PCR, in-situ PCR and immunohistochemistry were used for viral detection in blood and breast tissues. For the risk assessment, only BLV positive samples from breast tissues were included in the analysis. BLV was higher in cases group (61.3%) compared with controls (48.2%), with a statistically significant association between the virus and breast cancer in the unconditional logistic regression (adjusted-OR = 2.450,95%CI:1.088-5.517, p = 0.031). In this study, BLV was found in both blood and breast tissues of participants and an association between breast cancer and the virus was confirmed in Colombia, as an intermediate risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nury N. Olaya-Galán
- PhD Program in Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sandra P. Salas-Cárdenas
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jorge L. Rodriguez-Sarmiento
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio - Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Ricardo Monroy
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi – Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana P. Corredor-Figueroa
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Wilson Rubiano
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi – Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jairo de la Peña
- Hospital Universitario Mayor Méderi – Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - HuaMin Shen
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Gertrude C. Buehring
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Manuel A. Patarroyo
- Molecular Biology and Immunology Department, Fundación Instituto de Inmunología de Colombia (FIDIC), Bogotá, Colombia
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
- Health Sciences Division, Main Campus, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Maria F. Gutierrez
- Grupo de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Laboratorio de Virología, Departamento de Microbiología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
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Bezerra OCDL, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Mabunda N, Salomé G, de Sousa A, Kehdy FDSG, Sales-Marques C, Manta FSDN, Andrade RM, Ferreira LP, Leal-Calvo T, Cardoso CC, Nunes K, Gouveia MH, Mbulaiteve SM, Yeboah ED, Hsing A, Latini ACP, Leturiondo AL, Rodrigues FDC, Noronha AB, Ferreira CDO, Talhari C, Rêgo JL, Castellucci LCDC, Tarazona-Santos E, de Carvalho EF, Meyer D, Pinheiro RO, Jani IV, Pacheco AG, Moraes MO. Putative pathogen-selected polymorphisms in the PKLR gene are associated with mycobacterial susceptibility in Brazilian and African populations. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009434. [PMID: 34449765 PMCID: PMC8396769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase (PK), encoded by the PKLR gene, is a key player in glycolysis controlling the integrity of erythrocytes. Due to Plasmodium selection, mutations for PK deficiency, which leads to hemolytic anemia, are associated with resistance to malaria in sub-Saharan Africa and with susceptibility to intracellular pathogens in experimental models. In this case-control study, we enrolled 4,555 individuals and investigated whether PKLR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) putatively selected for malaria resistance are associated with susceptibility to leprosy across Brazil (Manaus-North; Salvador-Northeast; Rondonópolis-Midwest and Rio de Janeiro-Southeast) and with tuberculosis in Mozambique. Haplotype T/G/G (rs1052176/rs4971072/rs11264359) was associated with leprosy susceptibility in Rio de Janeiro (OR = 2.46, p = 0.00001) and Salvador (OR = 1.57, p = 0.04), and with tuberculosis in Mozambique (OR = 1.52, p = 0.07). This haplotype downregulates PKLR expression in nerve and skin, accordingly to GTEx, and might subtly modulate ferritin and haptoglobin levels in serum. Furthermore, we observed genetic signatures of positive selection in the HCN3 gene (xpEHH>2 -recent selection) in Europe but not in Africa, involving 6 SNPs which are PKLR/HCN3 eQTLs. However, this evidence was not corroborated by the other tests (FST, Tajima's D and iHS). Altogether, we provide evidence that a common PKLR locus in Africans contribute to mycobacterial susceptibility in African descent populations and also highlight, for first, PKLR as a susceptibility gene for leprosy and TB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Elena Alvarado-Arnez
- Laboratory of Leprosy, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- National Research Coordination, Franz Tamayo University (UNIFRAZ), Cochabamba, Bolivia
| | - Nédio Mabunda
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Graça Salomé
- Medical Faculty, Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Amina de Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Carolinne Sales-Marques
- Laboratory of Leprosy, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thyago Leal-Calvo
- Laboratory of Leprosy, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Chester Cardoso
- Laboratory of Leprosy, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kelly Nunes
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus H. Gouveia
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sam M. Mbulaiteve
- Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | | | - Ann Hsing
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Carolina Talhari
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Alfredo da Matta Foundation, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Jamile Leão Rêgo
- Immunology Service, Professor Edgard Santos University Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo Tarazona-Santos
- Departament of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Meyer
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genetics and Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ilesh V. Jani
- Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
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Azulay RSDS, Porto LC, Silva DA, Tavares MDG, Reis RMDF, Nascimento GC, Damianse SDSP, Rocha VCDC, Magalhães M, Rodrigues V, Carvalho PRVB, Faria MDS, Gomes MB. Genetic ancestry inferred from autosomal and Y chromosome markers and HLA genotypes in Type 1 Diabetes from an admixed Brazilian population. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14157. [PMID: 34239025 PMCID: PMC8266844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93691-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between genetic ancestry inferred from autosomal and Y chromosome markers and HLA genotypes in patients with Type 1 Diabetes from an admixed Brazilian population. Inference of autosomal ancestry; HLA-DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 typifications; and Y chromosome analysis were performed. European autosomal ancestry was about 50%, followed by approximately 25% of African and Native American. The European Y chromosome was predominant. The HLA-DRB1*03 and DRB1*04 alleles presented risk association with T1D. When the Y chromosome was European, DRB1*03 and DRB1*04 homozygote and DRB1*03/DRB1*04 heterozygote genotypes were the most frequent. The results suggest that individuals from Maranhão have a European origin as their major component; and are patrilineal with greater frequency from the R1b haplogroup. The predominance of the HLA-DRB1*03 and DRB1*04 alleles conferring greater risk in our population and being more frequently related to the ancestry of the European Y chromosome suggests that in our population, the risk of T1D can be transmitted by European ancestors of our process miscegenation. However, the Y sample sizes of Africans and Native Americans were small, and further research should be conducted with large mixed sample sizes to clarify this possible association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Santiago de Sousa Azulay
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-070, Brazil.
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil.
| | - Luís Cristóvão Porto
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation Laboratory (HLA), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dayse Aparecida Silva
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria da Glória Tavares
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-070, Brazil
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
| | | | - Gilvan Cortês Nascimento
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-070, Brazil
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Sabrina da Silva Pereira Damianse
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-070, Brazil
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Viviane Chaves de Carvalho Rocha
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-070, Brazil
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Magalhães
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
- Clinical Research Center of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (CEPEC - HUUFMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Vandilson Rodrigues
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Paulo Ricardo Vilas Boas Carvalho
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation Laboratory (HLA), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manuel Dos Santos Faria
- Service of Endocrinology, University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (HUUFMA/EBSERH), Rua Barão de Itapary, 227, Centro, São Luís, Maranhão, 65020-070, Brazil
- Research Group in Clinical and Molecular Endocrinology and Metabology (ENDOCLIM), São Luís, Brazil
- Clinical Research Center of the University Hospital of the Federal University of Maranhão (CEPEC - HUUFMA), São Luís, Brazil
| | - Marília Brito Gomes
- Diabetes Unit, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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da Silva AMV, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Azamor T, Batista-Silva LR, Leal-Calvo T, Bezerra OCDL, Ribeiro-Alves M, Kehdy FDSG, Neves PCDC, Bayma C, da Silva J, de Souza AF, Muller M, de Andrade EF, Andrade ACM, dos Santos EM, Xavier JR, Maia MDLDS, Meireles RP, Cuni HN, Sander GB, Picon PD, Matos DCS, Moraes MO. Interferon-lambda 3 and 4 Polymorphisms Increase Sustained Virological Responses and Regulate Innate Immunity in Antiviral Therapy With Pegylated Interferon-Alpha. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:656393. [PMID: 34307188 PMCID: PMC8294038 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.656393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained virologic response (SVR) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) treatment denotes that the host genetics controls the immune response and unequivocally contribute to viral clearance or disease severity. In this context, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the locus of interferon lambda 3 and 4 genes (IFNL3/4) have been important genetic markers of responsiveness to CHC as prognostic markers for the pegylated-Interferon-alpha/ribavirin (Peg-IFN-α/RBV). Here, we analyzed 12 SNPs at the IFNL3/4 region in 740 treatment-naïve patients with CHC infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1, 2, or 3 treated with Peg-IFN-α/RBV. Individually, rs12979860-CC, rs8109886-CC, or rs8099917-TT were predictive markers of SVR, while rs12979860-CC demonstrated the stronger effect. Besides, the genotypic combination of these three predictors' genotypes, CC/CC/TT, increased the rate of SVR. Serum levels of cytokines and gene expression analysis on the genes IFNL3, IFNL4, IFNA1, and some of the IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) were measured in a subgroup of 24 treated patients and 24 healthy volunteers. An antagonist effect was highlighted between the expression of IFNL3/4 and IFNA1 mRNA among patients. Besides, a prominent production of the pro-inflammatory chemokines CCL4 and CXCL10 was observed at a 12-week treatment follow-up. Lower serum levels of these chemokines were detected in patients with an rs12979860-CC genotype associated with the better treatment outcome. Also, lower expression levels of the IFI6, IFI16, IRF9 genes were observed among rs12979860-CC individuals. In conclusion, a combination of the genotypes at the IFNL3/4 locus can act as a better marker for the prognosis for virological responses in an admixed Brazilian population presenting the modulating effect over innate immunity and inflammation that are controlling the outcome of the viral infection, but also other infectious diseases. This study is registered on the ClinicalTrials.gov platform (accession number NCT01889849 and NCT01623336).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Marques Vieira da Silva
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Tamiris Azamor
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Ribeiro Batista-Silva
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thyago Leal-Calvo
- Departamento de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST/AIDS, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Cristina da Costa Neves
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camilla Bayma
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jane da Silva
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Fonseca de Souza
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Muller
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisabete Ferreira de Andrade
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Magalhães Andrade
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eliane Matos dos Santos
- Assessoria Clinica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Janaína Reis Xavier
- Assessoria Clinica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Maria De Lourdes De Sousa Maia
- Assessoria Clinica, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rolando Páez Meireles
- Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnologia de Cuba, Havana, Cuba
| | - Hugo Nodarse Cuni
- Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnologia de Cuba, Havana, Cuba
| | - Guilherme Becker Sander
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paulo Dornelles Picon
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Denise C S Matos
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológico Bio-Manguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milton Ozório Moraes
- Departamento de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Red-cell alloimmunization profile in multi transfused patients: Findings and insights of a blood transfusion service. Transfus Clin Biol 2021; 28:258-263. [PMID: 33901640 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Blood transfusion is a key intervention for decreasing morbidity and mortality in many cases and, besides its importance, potentially fatal consequences of incompatible transfusion are a great risk to patients. This study evaluated the incidence and specificity of erythrocyte alloantibodies in multi-transfused patients enrolled at an important Regional Blood Center. MATERIALS/METHODS This was a single-center retrospective cohort study that eveluated patients enrolled at a Regional Blood Center in a period of four years. A total of 29,128 patient samples were screened, out of which 79 (0.27%) were multiple-transfused patients with alloantibodies identified. RESULTS The most common alloantibody found was anti-E (22.55%) followed by anti-D (14.71%), anti-C (5.88%), anti-c (5.88%), anti-e (1.96%) and anti-Cw (0.98%). We also identified combinations of alloantibodies (25.32%), 5.88% of which showed an IgG autoantibody isolated or combined with alloantibodies. The most frequent reason for the need of blood transfusion included cases of surgery, emergency and urgency (36.71%). CONCLUSIONS A low rate of development of alloantibodies in multi-transfused patients was found, which could be a consequence of the implementation of red blood cell phenotyping for patients who may receive frequent transfusions, as in the case of some hematological neoplasms and hemoglobinopathies. However, the most common alloantibodies identified were against the Rh and/or Kell systems, with high clinical significance since both can cause delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions. Thus, the implementation of reliable antibody screening tests and the transfusion of phenotyped units for selected patients in all transfusion services represent important measures to increase transfusion safety.
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Minis E, Fernandes Moron A, Hatanaka A, Sarmento SGP, Santucci M, Carvalho FHC, Hamamoto TK, Mattar R, Linhares IM, Sabino EC, Forney LJ, Witkin SS. The influence of race on cervical length in pregnant women in Brazil. J Perinat Med 2021; 49:365-369. [PMID: 33090968 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2020-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Short cervical length is a predictor of preterm birth. We evaluated if there were racial differences in variables associated with cervical length in pregnant Brazilian women. METHODS Cervical length was determined by vaginal ultrasound in 414 women at 21 weeks gestation. All women were seen at the same clinic and analyzed by the same investigators. Women found to have a short cervix (≤25 mm) received vaginal progesterone throughout gestation. Composition of the vaginal microbiome was determined by analysis of the V1-V3 region of the gene coding for bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA. Demographic, clinical and outcome variables were determined by chart review. Subjects were 53.4% White, 37.2% mixed race and 9.4% Black. RESULTS Pregnancy, medical history and education level were similar in all groups. Mean cervical length was shorter in Black women (28.4 mm) than in White (32.4 mm) or mixed race (32.8 mm) women (p≤0.016) as was the percentage of women with a short cervix (23.1, 12.2, 7.8% in Black, White, mixed race respectively) (p≤0.026). Mean cervical length increased with maternal age in White (p=0.001) and mixed race (p=0.045) women but not Black women. There were no differences in bacterial dominance in the vaginal microbiota between groups. Most women with a short cervix delivered at term. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that Black women in Brazil have a shorter cervical length than White or mixed race women independent of maternal age, pregnancy and demographic history or composition of the vaginal microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Minis
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Alan Hatanaka
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Santucci
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco H C Carvalho
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil
| | - Tatiana K Hamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosiana Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara M Linhares
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo University Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester C Sabino
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larry J Forney
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Steven S Witkin
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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de Oliveira MAA, Mallmann NH, de Souza GKBB, de Jesus Bacha T, Lima ES, de Lima DSN, de Souza Passos LF, de Souza Gonçalves M, de Moura Neto JP. Glutathione S-transferase, catalase, and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase gene polymorphisms modulate redox potential in systemic lupus erythematosus patients from Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 40:3639-3649. [PMID: 33745084 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the frequency of glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase, and SOD2 genetic polymorphisms and their correlation with SLE. METHODS A total of 290 females (patients = 151; controls= 139) were recruited. Multiplex PCR was performed for genotyping GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes, whereas real-time qPCR was used for determination of SNPs: CAT C262T, SOD2 C47T, GSTP1 A313G and GSTP1 IVS6 -C16T. RESULTS Thiol levels are decreased in SLE patients (p<0.001), while MDA levels were significantly higher (p<0.001) and those carrying the polymorphisms had higher rates of oxidative stress. Patients with double null deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null had a frequency almost five times higher than the controls (p<0.001, OR 4.81, CI 1.98-12.11). SLE patients had a lower wild-type frequency of SOD2CC allele compared to controls (12.4% vs 27.3%). Statistical significances were observed on the association between the GSTT1null and GSTM1null with SOD2mut (p<0.001, OR 0.15, CI 0.05-0.47), with GSTP1 A303G (p=0.012, OR 0.19, CI 0.05-0.69), and with GSTP1 IVS6 (p=0.008, OR 0.14, CI 0.03-0.63). The same was observed between SOD2 C47T with GSTP1 A303G (p=0.09, OR 0.27, CI 0.09-0.74) and GSTP1 IVS6 (p=0.036, OR 0.41, CI 0.18-0.92). CONCLUSIONS The deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null may contribute to the increased of the oxidative stress in SLE patients. Isolated GSTP1 and CAT polymorphisms do not seem to influence the increased oxidative stress, neither SLE clinical manifestations. SOD2 47CT/TT allele may have greater oxidative stress due to structural change in the protein and decreased H2O2 production. The combination of polymorphic genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Key points • Major question of our paper: Many studies have shown that the antioxidant status levels are decreased in patients with SLE, especially in severe stages of disease. We believe that this paper will be of interest to the readership of your journal had the involvement of polymorphisms and mutations in several genes that contribute to the genetic etiology of SLE, suggesting that these may influence the mechanisms of disease. • Our results. Thiol level was significantly (p<.001) lower and MDA level significantly increased (p<.001) among SLE patients. Those carrying the polymorphisms had higher rates of oxidative stress. SLE Patients had a frequency almost five times higher of double null deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null than the controls. SLE Patients had a lower wild type frequency of SOD2CC allele compared to controls (12.4% vs 27.3%). We believed the deletion GSTT1null/GSTM1null may contribute to the increased of the oxidative stress in SLE patients while carriers of the mutant SOD2 47CT/TT allele may have greater oxidative stress due to structural change in the protein and decreased H2O2 production. The combination of polymorphic genes may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. • Implications of our results: Evidence for the involvement of genetic factors in severe clinical to lupus is compelling. This manuscript shows genetic insights in pathogenic pathways that may lead to severe clinical implications to LES. Therefore, it is necessary to understand their impact on overall disease pathogenesis and prognosis in these patients. We understand from general consensus about environmental factors can modify disease, however, maybe just in individuals who have a permissive genetic background. Even that no single gene predisposes some individuals to LES, we believe the genetic factors described in this manuscript are important elements in susceptibility to severe clinical to LES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurélio Almeida de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Neila Hiraishi Mallmann
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Giselle Katiane Bonfim Bacellar de Souza
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Thiago de Jesus Bacha
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
| | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 6200 - Coroado, Manaus - AM, CEP: 69067-005, Brazil
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Zhang W, Jin X, Wang Y, Chen C, Zhu B. Genetic structure analyses and ancestral information inference of Chinese Kyrgyz group via a panel of 39 AIM-DIPs. Genomics 2021; 113:2056-2064. [PMID: 33711452 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ancestry informative markers have extensive uses and advantages in inferring ancestral origins and estimating ancestral genetic information components of admixed populations. With the characteristics of highly cultural exchange and the admixed genetic structure of the Kyrgyz group, it is essential to enrich the genetic data of the Kyrgyz group. In this study, we used a self-developed ancestry informative marker-deletion/insertion polymorphic (AIM-DIP) panel to explore ancestral components of Chinese Kyrgyz group and population genetic relationships between the Kyrgyz group and reference populations. Results showed that all AIM-DIP loci were conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were 36 AIM-DIP loci that contributed significantly to genetic information inference. Multiple statistical analyses revealed that Chinese Kyrgyz group had a closer genetic relationship with Chinese Uyghur group. The ancestral components of the Kyrgyz group, being mostly composed of genetic components of European and East Asian populations, were more similar to the ancestral components of Chinese Uyghur group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; College of Forensic Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China; Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Barros JBDS, Santos KDF, Azevedo RM, de Oliveira RPD, Leobas ACD, Bento DDCP, Santos RDS, Reis AADS. No association of GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A case-control study in the Brazilian population. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247024. [PMID: 33606765 PMCID: PMC7894827 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease that affects motor neurons and promotes progressive muscle atrophy. It has a multifactorial etiology, where environmental conditions playing a remarkable role through the increase of oxidative stress. Genetic polymorphisms in cell detoxification genes, such as Glutathione S-Transferase Pi 1 (GSTP1) can contribute to excessive oxidative stress, and therefore may be a risk factor to ALS. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the role of the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism in ALS susceptibility in different genetic inheritance models and evaluate the association of the genotypes with risk factors, clinical and demographic characteristics of ALS patients from the Brazilian central population. This case-control study was conducted with 101 patients with ALS and 101 healthy controls. GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism genotyping was performed with Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS statistical package and SNPStats software. Analysis of genetic inheritance models was performed by logistic regression, which was used to determine the Odds Ratio. The results of this first study in the Brazilian population demonstrated that there was no risk association between the development of ALS and the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism in any genetic inheritance model (codominant, dominant, recessive, overdominant, and logarithmic); and that the polymorphic variants were not associated with the clinical and demographic characteristics of ALS patients. No association of the GSTP1 rs1695 polymorphism and ALS development in the Brazilian central population was found. These findings may be justified by the multifactorial character of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Barletto de Sousa Barros
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Kamilla de Faria Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rômulo Morais Azevedo
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rayana Pereira Dantas de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Dourado Leobas
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo da Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Angela Adamski da Silva Reis
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Sarmento SGP, Moron AF, Forney LJ, Hatanaka AR, Carvalho FHC, França MS, K Hamamoto T, Mattar R, Linhares IM, Minis E, Sañudo A, Sabino E, Rudge MVC, Witkin SS. An exploratory study of associations with spontaneous preterm birth in primigravid pregnant women with a normal cervical length. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021; 35:5383-5388. [PMID: 33517811 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.1879786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predictors of spontaneous preterm birth in primigravid women remain undetermined. AIM We evaluated whether biomarkers in vaginal secretions and/or differences in the dominant bacterium in the vaginal microbiome predicted the risk for spontaneous preterm birth in primigravid women with a cervical length >25mm. STUDY DESIGN In a prospective study, 146 second trimester pregnant women with their first conception and a cervix >25mm were enrolled. The vaginal microbiome composition was characterized by analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences. The concentrations of d- and l-lactic acid, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, 8 and 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) 1 and 2 in vaginal secretions were measured by ELISA. Cervical length was determined by vaginal ultrasonography. Pregnancy outcome data were subsequently collected. There was a spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB) in 13 women (8.9%) while in an additional 8 women (5.5%) preterm delivery was medically indicated. Lactobacillus iners was the dominant vaginal bacterium in 61.5% of women with a SPTB but only in 31.2% of those who delivered at term (p = .0354). The vaginal concentration of TIMP-1 (p = .0419) and L-lactic acid (p = .0495) was higher in women with a SPTB as compared to those who delivered at term. Lactobacillus iners dominance was associated with elevated levels of TIMP-1 (p = .0434) and TIMP-2 (p = .0161) and lower levels of D-lactic acid (p < .0001) compared to when L. crispatus was dominant. CONCLUSION In this exploratory study of primigravid women, elevations in vaginal TIMP-1 and L- lactic acid and L. iners dominance in the vaginal microbiome are associated with an increased occurrence of SPTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanno G P Sarmento
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Federal University of Jundiaí, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio F Moron
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larry J Forney
- Department of Biological Sciences and the Institute for Bioinformatics and Evolutionary Studies, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Alan R Hatanaka
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo S França
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tatiana K Hamamoto
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iara M Linhares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evelyn Minis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adriana Sañudo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ester Sabino
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilza V C Rudge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, São Paulo State University Medical School, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Steven S Witkin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Virology Laboratory (LIM 52), Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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McAuley ABT, Hughes DC, Tsaprouni LG, Varley I, Suraci B, Roos TR, Herbert AJ, Kelly AL. The association of the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sports Sci 2021; 39:200-211. [PMID: 32856541 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1812195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this review was to assess the association of ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms with athlete status in football and determine which allele and/or genotypes are most likely to influence this phenotype via a meta-analysis. A comprehensive search identified 17 ACTN3 and 19 ACE studies. Significant associations were shown between the presence of the ACTN3 R allele and professional footballer status (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.18-1.53) and the ACE D allele and youth footballers (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.01-1.38). More specifically, the ACTN3 RR genotype (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.23-1.77) and ACE DD genotype (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.63) exhibited the strongest associations, respectively. These findings may be explained by the association of the ACTN3 RR genotype and ACE DD genotype with power-orientated phenotypes and the relative contribution of power-orientated phenotypes to success in football. As such, the results of this review provide further evidence that individual genetic variation may contribute towards athlete status and can differentiate athletes of different competitive playing statuses in a homogenous team-sport cohort. Moreover, the ACTN3 R577X and ACE I/D polymorphisms are likely (albeit relatively minor) contributing factors that influence athlete status in football.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander B T McAuley
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - David C Hughes
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - Loukia G Tsaprouni
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian Varley
- Department of Sport Science, Nottingham Trent University , Nottingham, UK
| | - Bruce Suraci
- Academy Coaching Department, AFC Bournemouth , Bournemouth, UK
| | - Thomas R Roos
- The International Academy of Sports Science and Technology (AISTS), University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adam J Herbert
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam L Kelly
- Faculty of Health, Education and Life Sciences, Birmingham City University , Birmingham, UK
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Gonsales MC, Ribeiro PAO, Betting LE, Alvim MKM, Guerreiro CM, Yasuda CL, Gitaí DLG, Cendes F, Lopes-Cendes I. Revisiting the clinical impact of variants in EFHC1 in patients with different phenotypes of genetic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 112:107469. [PMID: 33181902 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The most common form of genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) is juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), which accounts for 5 to 10% of all epilepsy cases. The gene EFHC1 has been implicated as a putative cause of JME. However, it remains debatable whether testing for EFHC1 mutations should be included in the diagnostic epilepsy gene panels. To investigate the clinical utility of EFHC1 testing, we studied 125 individuals: 100 with JME and 25 with other GGEs. We amplified and sequenced all EFHC1 coding exons. Then, we predicted the pathogenicity or benign impact of the variants using the analyses proposed by the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)/Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP). Mutation screening revealed 11 missense variants in 44 probands with JME (44%) and one of the seven individuals with generalized tonic-clonic seizures on awakening (14%). Six of the 11 variants (54%) were classified as 'benign,' and the remaining variants were considered variants of uncertain significance (VUS). There is currently a limitation to test for genes that predispose an individual to complex, nonmonogenic phenotypes. Thus, we show suggestive evidence that EFHC1 testing lacks a scientific foundation based on the disputed nature of the gene-disease relationship and should be currently limited to research purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina C Gonsales
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia A O Ribeiro
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz E Betting
- Department of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina K M Alvim
- Department of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos M Guerreiro
- Department of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Clarissa L Yasuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel L G Gitaí
- Institute of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL), Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Fernando Cendes
- Department of Neurology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Iscia Lopes-Cendes
- Department of Medical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil; The Brazilian Institute of Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (BRAINN), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Carron J, Costa APD, Rinck-Junior JA, Mariano FV, de Sá Carvalho B, Lima CSP, Lourenço GJ. Role of a genetic variation in the microRNA-4421 binding site of ERP29 regarding risk of oropharynx cancer and prognosis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17039. [PMID: 33046743 PMCID: PMC7550560 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73675-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a two-stage association study on patients with oropharynx (OP) squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and healthy controls to identify single nucleotide variants (SNVs) located at the microRNA (miR)-binding sites of carcinogenesis genes associated with risk and prognosis of the disease. In stage 1, 49 patients and 49 controls were analyzed using Genome-Wide Human SNV Arrays to identify variants in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) of carcinogenesis-related genes, and one SNV was selected for data validation in stage 2 by TaqMan assays in 250 OPSCC patients and 250 controls. The ERP29 c.*293A > G (rs7114) SNV located at miR-4421 binding site was selected for data validation among 46 SNVs. The ERp29 and miR-4421 levels were evaluated by quantitative-PCR and Western blotting. Interaction between miR-4421 with 3′-UTR of ERP29 was evaluated by luciferase reporter assay. Event-free survival (EFS) was calculated by Kaplan–Meier and Cox methods. ERP29 GG variant genotype was more common in OPSCC patients than in controls (6.4% vs 3.6%, p = 0.02; odds ratio: 5.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.27–25.26). Shorter EFS were seen in the base of tongue (BT) SCC patients with GG genotype (0.0% vs 36.2%, p = 0.01; hazard ratio: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.03–5.15). Individuals with ERP29 AG or GG genotypes featured lower levels of ERP29 mRNA (p = 0.005), ERp29 protein (p < 0.001) and higher levels of miR-4421 (p = 0.02). The miR-4421 showed more efficient binding with 3′-UTR of the variant G allele when compared with wild-type allele A (p = 0.001). Our data suggest that ERP29 rs7114 SNV may alter the risk and prognosis of OPSCC due to variation in the ERp29 production possibly modulated by miR-4421.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Carron
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brasil, 50, Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13083-888, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Dalla Costa
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Augusto Rinck-Junior
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Benilton de Sá Carvalho
- Department of Statistics, Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Scientific Computing, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen Silvia Passos Lima
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jacob Lourenço
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Vital Brasil, 50, Distrito de Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, CEP: 13083-888, Brazil.
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Portugal MRC, Canella DS, Curioni CC, Bezerra FF, Faerstein E, Neves MF, Koury JC. Bioelectrical impedance analysis–derived phase angle is related to risk scores of a first cardiovascular event in adults. Nutrition 2020; 78:110865. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2020.110865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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El Rouby N, Rodrigues Marcatto L, Claudio K, Camargo Tavares L, Steiner H, Botton MR, Lubitz SA, Fallon EN, Yee K, Kaye J, Scott SA, Karnes J, Caleb Junior de Lima Santos P, Duconge J, Cavallari LH. Multi-site Investigation of Genetic Determinants of Warfarin Dose Variability in Latinos. Clin Transl Sci 2020; 14:268-276. [PMID: 32860733 PMCID: PMC7877858 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We conducted a multi‐site investigation of genetic determinants of warfarin dose variability in Latinos from the U.S. and Brazil. Patients from four institutions in the United States (n = 411) and Brazil (n = 663) were genotyped for VKORC1 c.‐1639G> A, common CYP2C9 variants, CYP4F2*3, and NQO1*2. Multiple regression analysis was used in the U.S. cohort to test the association between warfarin dose and genotype, adjusting for clinical factors, with further testing in an independent cohort of Brazilians. In the U.S. cohort, VKORC1 and CYP2C9 variants were associated with lower warfarin dose (β = −0.29, P < 2.0 × 10−16; β = −0.21, P = 4.7 × 10−7, respectively) whereas CYP4F2 and NQO1 variants were associated with higher dose (β = 0.10, P = 2 × 10−4; β = 0.10, P = 0.01, respectively). Associations with VKORC1 (β = −0.14, P = 2.0 × 10−16), CYP2C9 (β = −0.07, P = 5.6 × 10−10), and CYP4F2 (β = 0.03, P = 3 × 10−3), but not NQO1*2 (β = 0.01, P = 0.30), were replicated in the Brazilians, explaining 43–46% of warfarin dose variability among the cohorts from the U.S. and Brazil, respectively. We identified genetic associations with warfarin dose requirements in the largest cohort of ancestrally diverse, warfarin‐treated Latinos from the United States and Brazil to date. We confirmed the association of variants in VKORC1, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2 with warfarin dose in Latinos from the United States and Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nihal El Rouby
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administrative Sciences, University of Cincinnati James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Leiliane Rodrigues Marcatto
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karla Claudio
- University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Letícia Camargo Tavares
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Heidi Steiner
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | | | - Steve A Lubitz
- Cardiac Arrhythmia Service and Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Echo N Fallon
- Banner University Medical Center-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Kevin Yee
- Banner University Medical Center-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Justin Kaye
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Stuart A Scott
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jason Karnes
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Heart Institute (InCor), Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge Duconge
- University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
| | - Larisa H Cavallari
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research and Center for Pharmacogenomics and Precision Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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da Silva Filho LVRF, Maróstica PJC, Athanazio RA, Reis FJC, Damaceno N, Paes AT, Hira AY, Schlesinger D, Kok F, Amaral MD. Extensive CFTR sequencing through NGS in Brazilian individuals with cystic fibrosis: unravelling regional discrepancies in the country. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 20:473-484. [PMID: 32819855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Brazilian population has a tri-hybrid composition with a high degree of ethnic admixture. We hypothesized that Brazilian individuals with CF from different Brazilian regions have a specific distribution of CFTR variants. METHODS Individuals with CF with data available in the Patient Registry and without an established genotype were submitted to CFTR sequencing by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) methodology, and results were anonymously incorporated to the Registry Database. Genotyping results were expressed as 'positive', 'inconclusive' or 'negative'. Logistic regression models were performed to investigate the association between demographic/clinical variables and genotyping results. Mediation analysis was conducted to estimate direct and indirect effects of Brazilian region on a binary positive genotyping response. RESULTS In October 2017, data from 4,654 individuals with CF were available, and 3,104(66.7%) of them had a genotyping result. A total of 236 variants (114 new variants) were identified, with F508del identified in 46% of the alleles tested. Genotyping revealed 2,002(64.5%) individuals positive, 757(24.4%) inconclusive and 345(11.1%) negative. Distribution of genotype categories was markedly different across Brazilian Regions, with greater proportions of negative individuals in the North (45%) and Northeast (26%) regions. Newborn screening (CF-NBS) and age at diagnosis were identified as mediators of the effect of Brazilian region on a positive genotyping result. CONCLUSIONS This large initiative of CFTR genotyping showed significant regional discrepancies in Brazil, probably related to socio-economic conditions, lack of adequate CF-NBS and poor access to reliable sweat testing. These results may be useful to indicate Regions where CF care demands more attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Vicente Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho
- Pediatric Pulmonology Unit, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da FMUSP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Paulo José Cauduro Maróstica
- Pediatric Pulmonology Department, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio
- Pulmonary Division - Heart Institute (InCor) - Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco José Caldeira Reis
- Pediatric Pulmonology Department, Hospital Infantil João Paulo II - Rede FHEMIG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Neiva Damaceno
- Pediatric Pumonology Department, Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Tavares Paes
- Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein (FICSAE), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adilson Yuuji Hira
- Laboratório de Sistemas Integráveis (LSI), Escola Politécnica da USP, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Margarida D Amaral
- BioISI - Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Lisboa, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Portugal
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Ambrosio IB, Braganholi DF, Orlando LBM, Andrekenas NC, da Mota Pontes I, da Silva DA, Astolfi-Filho S, de Carvalho EF, Cicarelli RMB, Gusmão L. Mutational data and population profiling of 23 Y-STRs in three Brazilian populations. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2020; 48:102348. [PMID: 32707472 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Y-chromosomal STRs are important markers in forensic genetics, due to some peculiar characteristics. The absence of recombination makes them a useful tool to infer kinship in complex cases involving distant paternal relatives, or to infer paternal bio-geographic ancestry. The presence of a single copy, being transmitted from father to son, allow tracing mutational events in Y-STRs without ambiguity. For the statistical interpretation of forensic evidences based on Y-STR profiles, it is necessary to have estimates on both mutation rates and haplotype frequencies. In this work, 407 father-son duos from São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states and 204 unrelated individuals from Manaus were analyzed. Haplotype frequencies and mutation rates for the Y-STRs from the PowerPlex Y23 commercial kit were estimated. Thirty-six mutations were observed in 15 of the 22 Y-STRs analyzed, for an average mutation rate of 3.84 × 10-3 (95 % CI 2.69 × 10-3 to 5.32 × 10-3). All mutations in GAAA repeats occurred in alleles with 13 or more uninterrupted units. Mutations in GATA repeats were observed in alleles with 9-17 uninterrupted units. An analysis carried out in different father's age groups showed an increase of 2.48 times the mutation rate in the age group of 40-50 years, when compared to the 20-30 age group, in agreement with the described for autosomal STRs. A high haplotype diversity was found in the three Brazilian populations. Pairwise genetic distance analysis (FST) showed no significant differences between the three populations in this study, which were also close to populations with strong European influence. The highest distances among the Brazilian populations were with São Gabriel da Cachoeira, which has a high Native American ancestry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela Brunelli Ambrosio
- Laboratório de Investigação de Paternidade, NAC - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas (FCFAr), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Danilo Faustino Braganholi
- Laboratório de Investigação de Paternidade, NAC - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas (FCFAr), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Barros Muniz Orlando
- Laboratório de Genética Forense, do Instituto de Criminalística "Lorena do Santos Baptista" da Polícia Civil do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Natalia Carolina Andrekenas
- Laboratório de Investigação de Paternidade, NAC - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas (FCFAr), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabel da Mota Pontes
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Federal do Amazonas/UFAM, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Dayse Aparecida da Silva
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Spartaco Astolfi-Filho
- Laboratório de Diagnóstico Molecular, Universidade Federal do Amazonas/UFAM, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Maria Barretto Cicarelli
- Laboratório de Investigação de Paternidade, NAC - Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas (FCFAr), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonor Gusmão
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Vianna R, Secco D, Hanhoerderster L, Motta J, Cardoso J, Porto LC. An
NGS
‐based
HLA
haplotype analysis and population comparison between two cities in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. HLA 2020; 96:268-276. [DOI: 10.1111/tan.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Romulo Vianna
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation LaboratoryRio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Danielle Secco
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation LaboratoryRio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Leonardo Hanhoerderster
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation LaboratoryRio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Juliana Motta
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation LaboratoryRio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Juliana Cardoso
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation LaboratoryRio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Luís Cristóvão Porto
- Histocompatibility and Cryopreservation LaboratoryRio de Janeiro State University Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Waskow G, Rodrigues MMDO, Höher G, Onsten T, Lindenau JDR, Fiegenbaum M, Almeida S. Genetic variability of blood groups in southern Brazil. Genet Mol Biol 2020; 43:e20180327. [PMID: 32478792 PMCID: PMC7263432 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated genetic variability among the blood groups Kell (c.578C > T and c.1790T > C), Kidd (c.838A > G), Duffy (c.125A > G, c.265C > T and c.1-67T > C), Diego (c.2561C > T), MNS (c.143T > C) and Rh (c.676G > C) in Rio Grande do Sul in southern Brazil. Genetic profiling from 382 volunteer blood donors was performed through allelic discrimination assays using a hydrolysis probe (TaqMan®) with a real-time PCR system. The sample was divided into two groups: Euro-Brazilian and Afro-Brazilian. A comparison with studies from other regions of Brazil and the 1000 Genomes Database showed significant differences for almost all polymorphisms evaluated in our population. Population differentiation between the Euro- and Afro-Brazilian groups was low (FST value 0.055). However, when each locus was evaluated individually, KEL*06 and FY*02N.01 allele frequencies were significantly higher in the Afro-Brazilian group than in the Euro-Brazilian group. Ethnic classification that uses phenotypic criteria to find blood units with rare antigens may be important when there is a need to detect blood units with an absence of Duffy antigens. There is also a greater probability of finding donors in the Afro-Brazilian group. Taken together, the data indicate strong European and African contributions to the gene pool, with intense admixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Waskow
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
(UFCSPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Höher
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
(UFCSPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
| | - Tor Onsten
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
| | - Juliana Dal-Ri Lindenau
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Departamento de
Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marilu Fiegenbaum
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
(UFCSPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
(UFCSPA), Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
| | - Silvana Almeida
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
(UFCSPA), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre
(UFCSPA), Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS,
Brazil
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Leturiondo AL, Noronha AB, Mendonça CYR, Ferreira CDO, Alvarado-Arnez LE, Manta FSDN, Bezerra OCDL, de Carvalho EF, Moraes MO, Rodrigues FDC, Talhari C. Association of NOD2 and IFNG single nucleotide polymorphisms with leprosy in the Amazon ethnic admixed population. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008247. [PMID: 32433683 PMCID: PMC7239438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, which affects skin and peripheral nerves. Polymorphisms in genes associated with autophagy, metabolism, innate and adaptive immunity confer susceptibility to leprosy. However, these associations need to be confirmed through independent replication studies in different ethnicities. The population from Amazon state (northern Brazil) is admixed and it contains the highest proportion of Native American genetic ancestry in Brazil. We conducted a case-control study for leprosy in which we tested fourteen previously associated SNPs in key immune response regulating genes: TLR1 (rs4833095), NOD2 (rs751271, rs8057341), TNF (rs1800629), IL10 (rs1800871), CCDC122/LACC1 (rs4942254), PACRG/PRKN (rs9356058, rs1040079), IFNG (rs2430561), IL6 (rs2069845), LRRK2 (rs7298930, rs3761863), IL23R (rs76418789) and TYK2 (rs55882956). Genotyping was carried out by allelic discrimination in 967 controls and 412 leprosy patients. Association with susceptibility was assessed by logistic regression analyses adjusted for the following covariates: gender, age and ancestry. Genetic ancestry was similar in case and control groups. Statistically significant results were only found for IFNG and NOD2. The rs8057341 polymorphism within NOD2 was identified as significant for the AA genotype (OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.37-0.84; P = 0.005) and borderline for the A allele (OR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58-1.00; P = 0.053) and carrier (OR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58-1.00; P = 0.051). The rs2430561 SNP in IFNG was associated with disease susceptibility for the AT genotype (OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06-1.85; P = 0.018) and carrier (OR = 1.44; 95% CI, 1.10-1.88; P = 0.008). We confirmed that NOD2 and IFNG are major players in immunity against M.leprae in the Amazon ethnic admixed population.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz Leturiondo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Fundação Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | | | | | - Lucia Elena Alvarado-Arnez
- Coordinación de Investigación, Universidad Franz Tamayo/UNIFRANZ, La Paz, Bolivia
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz—Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Milton Ozório Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz—Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Carolina Talhari
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Fundação Alfredo da Matta, Manaus, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
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HLA class II genotyping of admixed Brazilian patients with type 1 diabetes according to self-reported color/race in a nationwide study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6628. [PMID: 32313169 PMCID: PMC7170860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63322-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The HLA region is responsible for almost 50% of the genetic risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, haplotypes and their effects on risk or protection vary among different ethnic groups, mainly in an admixed population. We aimed to evaluate the HLA class II genetic profile of Brazilian individuals with T1D and its relationship with self-reported color/race. This was a nationwide multicenter study conducted in 10 Brazilian cities. We included 1,019 T1D individuals and 5,116 controls matched for the region of birth and self-reported color/race. Control participants belonged to the bone marrow transplant donor registry of Brazil (REDOME). HLA-class II alleles (DRB1, DQA1, and DQB1) were genotyped using the SSO and NGS methods. The most frequent risk and protection haplotypes were HLA~DRB1*03:01~DQA1*05:01 g~DQB1*02:01 (OR 5.8, p < 0.00001) and HLA~DRB1*07:01~DQA1*02:01~DQB1*02:02 (OR 0.54, p < 0.0001), respectively, regardless of self-reported color/race. Haplotypes HLA~DRB1*03:01~DQA1*05:01 g~DQB1*02:01 and HLA~DRB1*04:02~DQA1*03:01 g~DQB1*03:02 were more prevalent in the self-reported White group than in the Black group (p = 0.04 and p = 0.02, respectively). The frequency of haplotype HLA~DRB1*09:01~DQA1*03:01 g~DQB1*02:02 was higher in individuals self-reported as Black than White (p = <0.00001). No difference between the Brazilian geographical regions was found. Individuals with T1D presented differences in frequencies of haplotypes within self-reported color/race, but the more prevalent haplotypes, regardless of self-reported color/race, were the ones described previously in Europeans. We hypothesize that, in the T1D population of Brazil, although highly admixed, the disease risk alleles come mostly from Europeans as a result of centuries of colonization and migration.
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An invincible memory: what surname analysis tells us about history, health and population medical genetics in the Brazilian Northeast. J Biosoc Sci 2020; 53:183-198. [PMID: 32172699 DOI: 10.1017/s0021932020000127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the Brazilian Northeast is a region with high rates of inbreeding as well as a high incidence of autosomal recessive diseases. The elaboration of public health policies focused on the epidemiological surveillance of congenital anomalies and rare genetic diseases in this region is urgently needed. However, the vast territory, socio-demographic heterogeneity, economic difficulties and low number of professionals with expertise in medical genetics make strategic planning a challenging task. Surnames can be compared to a genetic system with multiple neutral alleles and allow some approximation of population structure. Here, surname analysis of more than 37 million people was combined with health and socio-demographic indicators covering all 1794 municipalities of the nine states of the region. The data distribution showed a heterogeneous spatial pattern (Global Moran Index, GMI = 0.58; p < 0.001), with higher isonymy rates in the east of the region and the highest rates in the Quilombo dos Palmares region - the largest conglomerate of escaped slaves in Latin America. A positive correlation was found between the isonymy index and the frequency of live births with congenital anomalies (r = 0.268; p < 0.001), and the two indicators were spatially correlated (GMI = 0.50; p < 0.001). With this approach, quantitative information on the genetic structure of the Brazilian Northeast population was obtained, which may represent an economical and useful tool for decision-making in the medical field.
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Durães RO, Berardinelli GN, da Costa AM, Scapulatempo-Neto C, Pereira R, Oliveira MA, Guimarães DP, Reis RM. Role of Genetic Ancestry in 1,002 Brazilian Colorectal Cancer Patients From Barretos Cancer Hospital. Front Oncol 2020; 10:145. [PMID: 32195168 PMCID: PMC7065467 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent and the second deadliest cancer worldwide. The ethnic structure of the population has been gaining prominence as a cancer player. The purpose of this study was to determine the genetic ancestry of Brazilian CRC patients. Moreover, we intended to interrogate its impact on patients' clinicopathological features. Methods: Retrospective observational cohort study with 1,002 patients with CRC admitted from 2000 to 2014 at Barretos Cancer Hospital. Following tumor DNA isolation, genetic ancestry was assessed using a specific panel of 46 ancestry informative markers. Survival rates were obtained by the Kaplan–Meier method, and the log-rank test was used to compare the survival curves. Multivariable Cox proportional regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs). Results: We observed considerable admixture in the genetic composition, with the following average proportions: European 74.2%, African 12.7%, Asian 6.5%, and Amerindian 6.6%. The multivariate analysis for cancer-specific survival showed that clinical stage, lymphovascular invasion, and the presence of recurrence were associated with an increased relative risk of death from cancer (p < 0.05). High African proportion was associated with younger age at diagnosis, while high Amerindian proportion was associated with the mucinous histological subtype. Conclusions: This represents the larger assessment of genetic ancestry in a population of Brazilian patients with CRC. Brazilian CRC patients exhibited similar clinicopathological features as described in Western countries. Impact: Genetic ancestry components corroborated the significant admixture, and importantly, patients with high African proportion develop cancer at a younger age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronilson Oliveira Durães
- Molecular Oncology Research Centre, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Medical Oncology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Cristovam Scapulatempo-Neto
- Molecular Oncology Research Centre, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Pereira
- IPATIMUP (Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto), Porto, Portugal.,i3S (Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Denise Peixoto Guimarães
- Molecular Oncology Research Centre, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Endoscopy Department, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil
| | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Centre, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), Medical School, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães, Portugal
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Jardim TV, Rosner B, Bloch KV, Kuschnir MCC, Szklo M, Jardim PCV. Blood pressure reference values for Brazilian adolescents: data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA Study). J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:168-176. [PMID: 30528258 PMCID: PMC9432253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood pressure (BP) references for Brazilian adolescents are lacking in the literature. This study aims to investigate the normal range of office BP in a healthy, non-overweight Brazilian population of adolescents. METHOD The Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym "ERICA") is a national school-based study that included adolescents (aged 12 through 17 years), enrolled in public and private schools, in cities with over 100,000 inhabitants, from all five Brazilian macro-regions. Adolescents' height and body mass index (BMI) were classified in percentiles according to age and gender, and reference curves from the World Health Organization were adopted. Three consecutive office BP measurements were taken with a validated oscillometric device using the appropriate cuff size. The mean values of the last two readings were used for analysis. Polynomial regression models relating BP, age, and height were applied. RESULTS Among 73,999 adolescents, non-overweight individuals represented 74.5% (95% CI: 73.3-75.6) of the total, with similar distribution across ages. The majority of the non-overweight sample was from public schools 84.2% (95% CI: 79.9-87.7) and sedentary 54.8% (95% CI: 53.7-55.8). Adolescents reporting their skin color as brown (48.8% [95% CI: 47.4-50.1]) or white (37.8% [95% CI: 36.1-39.5]) were most frequently represented. BP increased by both age and height percentile. Systolic BP growth patterns were more marked in males when compared to females, along all height percentiles. The same pattern was not observed for diastolic BP. CONCLUSIONS Blood pressure references by sex, age, and height percentiles for Brazilian adolescents are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Veiga Jardim
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Brigham & Women's Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, United States.
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Katia Vergetti Bloch
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Moyses Szklo
- The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, United States; The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Baltimore, United States
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Blood pressure reference values for Brazilian adolescents: data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA Study). JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Abstract
Sarcomas represent less than 1% of all solid neoplasms in adults and over 20% in children. Their etiology is unclear, but genetic susceptibility plays an important role in this scenario. Sarcoma is central in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS), a familial predisposition cancer syndrome. In Brazil, the high prevalence of p.Arg337His mutations in the TP53 gene brings about a unique condition: a cluster of LFS. In the present work, we studied 502 sarcoma patients not selected by age or family history in an attempt to assess the impact of the so-called "Brazilian germline TP53 mutation" (p.Arg337His) on this tumor type. We found that 8% of patients are carriers, with leiomyosarcoma being the main histologic type of sarcoma, corresponding to 52.5% of the patients with the mutated TP53 gene. These findings emphasize the importance of genetic counseling and can better guide the management of sarcoma patients.
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Reprogramming of Small Noncoding RNA Populations in Peripheral Blood Reveals Host Biomarkers for Latent and Active Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. mBio 2019; 10:mBio.01037-19. [PMID: 31796535 PMCID: PMC6890987 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01037-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the infectious disease with the worldwide largest disease burden and there remains a great need for better diagnostic biomarkers to detect latent and active M. tuberculosis infection. RNA molecules hold great promise in this regard, as their levels of expression may differ considerably between infected and uninfected subjects. We have measured expression changes in the four major classes of small noncoding RNAs in blood samples from patients with different stages of TB infection. We found that, in addition to miRNAs (which are known to be highly regulated in blood cells from TB patients), expression of piRNA and snoRNA is greatly altered in both latent and active TB, yielding promising biomarkers. Even though the functions of many sncRNA other than miRNA are still poorly understood, our results strongly suggest that at least piRNA and snoRNA populations may represent hitherto underappreciated players in the different stages of TB infection. In tuberculosis (TB), as in other infectious diseases, studies of small noncoding RNAs (sncRNA) in peripheral blood have focused on microRNAs (miRNAs) but have neglected the other major sncRNA classes in spite of their potential functions in host gene regulation. Using RNA sequencing of whole blood, we have therefore determined expression of miRNA, PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA), small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA), and small nuclear RNA (snRNA) in patients with TB (n = 8), latent TB infection (LTBI; n = 21), and treated LTBI (LTBItt; n = 6) and in uninfected exposed controls (ExC; n = 14). As expected, sncRNA reprogramming was greater in TB than in LTBI, with the greatest changes seen in miRNA populations. However, substantial dynamics were also evident in piRNA and snoRNA populations. One miRNA and 2 piRNAs were identified as moderately accurate (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.70 to 0.74) biomarkers for LTBI, as were 1 miRNA, 1 piRNA, and 2 snoRNAs (AUC = 0.79 to 0.91) for accomplished LTBI treatment. Logistic regression identified the combination of 4 sncRNA (let-7a-5p, miR-589-5p, miR-196b-5p, and SNORD104) as a highly sensitive (100%) classifier to discriminate TB from all non-TB groups. Notably, it reclassified 8 presumed LTBI cases as TB cases, 5 of which turned out to have features of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection on chest radiographs. SNORD104 expression decreased during M. tuberculosis infection of primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and M2-like (P = 0.03) but not M1-like (P = 0.31) macrophages, suggesting that its downregulation in peripheral blood in TB is biologically relevant. Taken together, the results demonstrate that snoRNA and piRNA should be considered in addition to miRNA as biomarkers and pathogenesis factors in the various stages of TB.
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Martins S, Simão F, Pinheiro L, Nguidi M, Deccache L, Gusmão L, Carvalho E. Genetic characterization and ancestry of the admixed population of Marajó Island, northern of Brazil, with autosomal and lineage markers. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigss.2019.09.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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