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Lisi F, Cavallaro C, Pitruzzello MF, Arnó J, Desneux N, Han P, Wang X, Zappalà L, Biondi A, Gugliuzzo A. Compatibility of Bioinsecticides with Parasitoids for Enhanced Integrated Pest Management of Drosophila suzukii and Tuta absoluta. INSECTS 2024; 15:467. [PMID: 39057200 PMCID: PMC11276850 DOI: 10.3390/insects15070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii and Tuta absoluta are successful biological invaders of agroecosystems. Their integrated pest management (IPM) programs involve the release and/or conservation of natural enemies. Among these, Ganaspis kimorum is a major Asian parasitoid of D. suzukii and has been introduced as a classical biological control agent of this pest in Europe and North America, while Necremnus tutae is a key fortuitous parasitoid of T. absoluta in the Mediterranean region. Bioinsecticides represent key alternatives to chemicals for controlling both pests. This study investigated the potential compatibility of both parasitoids with Beauveria bassiana, Bacillus thuringiensis, garlic essential oil (EO), and spinosad, in comparison to two synthetic insecticides, cyantraniliprole and chlorantraniliprole. The results showed that combining each of the tested insecticides with G. kimorum slightly increased pest mortality compared to the insecticide alone. Necremnus tutae had a significant additive effect on host mortality when combined with insecticides. Beauveria bassiana and B. thuringiensis were most compatible with both parasitoid species. Both garlic EO and chlorantraniliprole impaired the survival of immature N. tutae and showed sublethal toxicity on the reproductive and non-reproductive behaviors of N. tutae. Spinosad exhibited high acute toxicity on both juvenile and adult parasitoids of both species. Overall, these findings provide useful insights into insecticide selectivity toward two key parasitoids and offer new knowledge on the potential of combining natural enemies and bioinsecticides for optimized IPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Lisi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (C.C.); (M.F.P.); (L.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Carmelo Cavallaro
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (C.C.); (M.F.P.); (L.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Maria Flavia Pitruzzello
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (C.C.); (M.F.P.); (L.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Judit Arnó
- Sustainable Plant Protection Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), 08348 Cabrils, Spain;
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, Université Côte d’Azur, 06000 Nice, France;
| | - Peng Han
- Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China;
| | - Xingeng Wang
- USDA ARS Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE 19713, USA;
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (C.C.); (M.F.P.); (L.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (C.C.); (M.F.P.); (L.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonio Gugliuzzo
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy; (F.L.); (C.C.); (M.F.P.); (L.Z.); (A.B.)
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Koch J, Classen S, Gerth D, Dallmann N, Strauss T, Vaugeois M, Galic N. Modeling temperature-dependent life-cycle toxicity of thiamethoxam in Chironomus riparius using a DEB-TKTD model. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 277:116355. [PMID: 38669871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam (TMX) is widely used to protect crops against insect pests. Despite some desirable properties such as its low toxicity to birds and mammals, concerns have been raised about its toxicity to non-target arthropods, including freshwater insects like chironomids. Whereas multiple studies have investigated chronic effects of neonicotinoids in chironomid larvae at standardized laboratory conditions, a better understanding of their chronic toxicity under variable temperatures and exposure is needed for coherent extrapolation from the laboratory to the field. Here, we developed a quantitative mechanistic effect model for Chironomus riparius, to simulate the species' life history under dynamic temperatures and exposure concentrations of TMX. Laboratory experiments at four different temperatures (12, 15, 20, 23 °C) and TMX concentrations between 4 and 51 µg/L were used to calibrate the model. Observed concentration-dependent effects of TMX in C. riparius included slower growth, later emergence, and higher mortality rates with increasing concentrations. Furthermore, besides a typical accelerating effect on the organisms' growth and development, higher temperatures further increased the effects associated with TMX. With some data-informed modeling decisions, most prominently the inclusion of a size dependence that makes larger animals more sensitive to TMX, the model was parametrized to convincingly reproduce the data. Experiments at both a constant (20 °C) and a dynamically increasing temperature (15-23 °C) with pulsed exposure were used to validate the model. Finally, the model was used to simulate realistic exposure conditions using two reference exposure scenarios measured in Missouri and Nebraska, utilizing a moving time window (MTW) and either a constant temperature (20 °C) or the measured temperature profiles belonging to each respective scenario. Minimum exposure multiplication factors leading to a 10% effect (EP10) in the survival at pupation, i.e., the most sensitive endpoint found in this study, were 25.67 and 21.87 for the Missouri scenario and 38.58 and 44.64 for the Nebraska scenario, when using the respective temperature assumptions. While the results illustrate that the use of real temperature scenarios does not systematically modify the EPx in the same direction (making it either more or less conservative when used as a risk indicator), the advantage of this approach is that it increases the realism and thus reduces the uncertainty associated with the model predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Koch
- gaiac Research Institute, Aachen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nika Galic
- Syngenta Crop Protection AG, Basel, Switzerland
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Matioli TF, de Bastos Pazini J, da Silva MR, Santana EDR, Yamamoto PT. Sublethal and Transgenerational Effects of Reduced-Risk Insecticides on Macrolophus basicornis (Hemiptera: Miridae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 53:383-390. [PMID: 38228816 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Reduced-risk insecticides and mirid predators have been used to control Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in tomato crops. However, even when causing low mortality to the beneficial insects, these products might cause side effects. This study investigated the sublethal and transgenerational effects of buprofezin, cyantraniliprole, and spiromesifen on Macrolophus basicornis (Stal) (Hemiptera: Miridae). After 72 h of exposure of third-instar nymphs and adults to residues on tomato leaves, adult couples were formed and kept in cages with residue-free tomato leaves. The leaves were changed every 48 h and the offspring were assessed in 6 different periods. Body size was assessed by measuring the hind-tibia length of adults (F0) from exposed nymphs and in three different offspring groups. None of the insecticide residues caused a reduction on offspring populations or affected the body size of adults in generation F0. Regardless, buprofezin and spiromesifen reduced the tibia length of adults (F1) from exposed nymphs assayed in the third mating period. Cyantraniliprole did not affect any parameter and could be recommended for control of B. tabaci in association with M. basicornis releases. This study may contribute to future field assays of the compatibility of these insecticides with M. basicornis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Fagundes Matioli
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Juliano de Bastos Pazini
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Rosa da Silva
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emile Dayara Rabelo Santana
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Takao Yamamoto
- Dept of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, Univ of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Llorente L, Aquilino M, Herrero Ó, de la Peña E, Planelló R. Characterization and expression of heat shock and immune genes in natural populations of Prodiamesa olivacea (Diptera) exposed to thermal stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115359. [PMID: 37595349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper characterizes the heat stress response (HSR) and explores the impact of temperatures on the immune response of larvae from two chironomid species, Prodiamesa olivacea and Chironomus riparius. Genes involved in crucial metabolic pathways were de novo identified in P. olivacea: Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsc70, Cdc37, and HSF for the heat stress response (HSR) and TOLL, PGRP, C-type lectin, and JAK/hopscotch for the immune system response (ISR). Quantitative real-time PCR was used to evaluate the expression levels of the selected genes in short-term treatments (up to 120') at high temperatures (35 °C and 39 °C). Exposing P. olivacea to elevated temperatures resulted in HSR induction with increased expression of specific heat shock genes, suggesting the potential of HSPs as early indicators of acute thermal stress. Surprisingly, we found that heat shock represses multiple immune genes, revealing the antagonist relation between the heat shock response and the innate immune response in P. olivacea. Our results also showed species-dependent gene responses, with more significant effects in P. olivacea, for most of the biomarkers studied, demonstrating a higher sensitivity in this species to environmental stress conditions than that of C. riparius. This work shows a multi-species approach that enables a deeper understanding of the effects of heat stress at the molecular level in aquatic dipterans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lola Llorente
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Aquilino
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain; School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Óscar Herrero
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo de la Peña
- Institute for Subtropical and Mediterranean Horticulture (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Finca Experimental La Mayora, Algarrobo-Costa, 29750 Malaga, Spain; Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bio-science Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Rosario Planelló
- Biology and Environmental Toxicology Group, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), 28232, Las Rozas, Madrid, Spain.
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Pandey M, Bhattarai N, Pandey P, Chaudhary P, Katuwal DR, Khanal D. A review on biology and possible management strategies of tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae in Nepal. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16474. [PMID: 37303528 PMCID: PMC10248037 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), Tomato Leaf Miner (TLM) moth, is one of the notorious oligophagous pests of solanaceous crops that mines primarily on mesophyll of leaves as well bore tomato fruits. In Nepal, T. absoluta, the pest that has a potential to create loss up to 100%, was detected in 2016 in a commercial tomato farm at Kathmandu. So, the farmers and researchers must heed for effective management contrivance to improve the yield of tomato in Nepal. The devastating nature of T. absoluta causes its unusual proliferation so that it needs dire study of its host range, potential damage and sustainable management strategies. We discussed the data and information on T. absoluta available in several research papers comprehensively and provided succinct information on occurrence of T. absoluta in the world, its biology, life cycle, host plants, yield loss due to T. absoluta and several novel control tactics which helps farmers, researchers, policy makers to sustainably rise the tomato production in Nepal as well as in global context to attain food security. Sustainable pest management strategies such as Integrated Pests Management (IPM) approaches incorporating and prioritizing biological control methods with usage of chemical pesticides with less toxic active ingredient can be encouraged to the farmers for controlling the pests sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena Pandey
- Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal
| | - Natasha Bhattarai
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Prashamsa Pandey
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Prashant Chaudhary
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Dharma Raj Katuwal
- Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Kirtipur, Nepal
| | - Dipak Khanal
- Paklihawa Campus, Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Tribhuvan University, Bhairahawa, Rupandehi, Nepal
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Ye W, Dai M, Bian D, Zhu Q, Li X, Sun H, Li F, Wei J, Li B. Sublethal chlorantraniliprole exposure induces autophagy and apoptosis through disrupting calcium homeostasis in the silkworm Bombyx mori. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 32:36-45. [PMID: 36093732 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The intensive application of chlorantraniliprole (CAP) leaves residues in the environment, posing a potential threat to non-target organisms. In the present study, we investigated the adverse effects of sublethal CAP exposure on Bombyx mori. Sublethal CAP (0.02 mg/L) was shown to induce the release of intracellular Ca2+ in BmN cells. Meanwhile, Ca2+ -dependent genes were induced in the midgut at 72 h after CAP (0.01 mg/L) exposure, and damaged mitochondria, autophagosomes, nuclear membrane rupture and condensed chromatin were observed. Moreover, the key genes in the oxidative phosphorylation pathway were significantly down-regulated. The transcript levels of autophagy-related genes ATG6 and ATG8 were significantly up-regulated, and the protein levels of LC3-II and ATG7 were significantly increased by 3.72- and 3.33-fold, respectively. Additionally, the transcript levels of the upstream genes in the apoptosis pathway (calpain and Apaf-1) were significantly up-regulated, the protein levels of the downstream gene caspase 3 and its cleaved form were significantly up-regulated by 1.97- and 4.55-fold, respectively, consistent with the elevated caspase 3 activity at 72 h. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that intracellular Ca2+ release induced by sublethal CAP inhibits oxidative phosphorylation pathway, which causes mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to autophagy and apoptosis in the midgut of B. mori.
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Affiliation(s)
- WenTao Ye
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - MinLi Dai
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - DanDan Bian
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - QingYu Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - HaiNa Sun
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - FanChi Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wei
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Liégeois S, Delaunay M, Lécureuil C, Goubault M. Sublethal doses of pyriproxyfen stimulate reproduction and aggressive behavior in a non-target parasitoid wasp. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156880. [PMID: 35753446 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides are commonly used to control populations of pests and disease vectors. However, they can have multiple unintended effects on non-target species. Assessing their impacts on the physiology and behavior of beneficial insects, such as biological control agents, is thus necessary to gain insight into the diversity and nature of such side effects. Here, we investigated the effect of sublethal doses of the endocrine disrupting insecticide pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone agonist, on females of the solitary ectoparasitoid Eupelmus vuilleti (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae). These parasitoid wasps can be used as biological control agents to control the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), that infests cowpea seeds, Vigna unguiculata (Fabacea). To do so, in addition to classical measures on female fecundity and survival, we focused on female behaviors that can have important consequences on female fitness and host exploitation. First, we showed that pyriproxyfen stimulated egg production without affecting female survival. Second, we observed that low doses of this insecticide had no effect on females' exploration and host discrimination ability but stimulated their aggressiveness when fighting for host access. Although a negative impact on other life-history traits cannot be ruled out at this point, these results showed low doses of pyriproxyfen can have unintended positive effects on ectoparasitoid E. vuilleti females, by enhancing at least temporarily their reproduction and host access in a situation of competition. Our work thus highlights the importance of studying the diversity of possible unintended sublethal effects of pesticides on beneficial insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Liégeois
- IRBI UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Manon Delaunay
- IRBI UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Charlotte Lécureuil
- IRBI UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Marlène Goubault
- IRBI UMR 7261 CNRS-Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200 Tours, France.
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Cheng Z, Qin Q, Wang D, Han S, Zhang S, He Y. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of exposures to the thiamethoxam on the seven-spotted lady beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:114002. [PMID: 36030681 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The seven-spot ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) has been used as the major natural enemy insect against many kinds of aphids in environment. Thiamethoxam is a second-generation neonicotinoid insecticide and commonly used to control various aphids, but it also has adverse effects on natural enemies. Therefore, the sublethal effects of thiamethoxam on the offspring of C. septempunctata were studied. For the adults of C. septempunctata, the LD30 of F0, F5, F10 and F15 generations were 0.039, 0.136, 0.243, 0.417 μg adult-1, respectively. The LD50 of F0, F5, F10 and F15 generations were 0.072, 0.275, 0.435, 0.819 μg adult-1, respectively. The resistance ratio of the F15 generation was 11.4-fold higher than that of the F0 generation. The preadult duration ( F0 = 17.4 d, F5 = 20.0 d, F10 = 19.1 d, F15 = 18.0 d) and adult preoviposition period ( F0 = 7.39 d, F5 = 8.07 d, F10 = 9.32 d, F15 = 8.03 d) of C. septempunctata were prolonged, and the fecundity ( F0 = 1690.10, F5 =1686.93, F10 = 1119.40, F15 = 752.87), oviposition period ( F0 = 42.84 d, F5 =40.33 d, F10 = 40.72 d, F15 = 30.84 d) and total longevity ( F0 = 86.7 d, F5 =81.3 d, F10 = 82.0 d, F15 = 74.0 d) were reduced by long-term exposure to sublethal dosage (LD30) of thiamethoxam. Population parameters (r, λ, R0, and T) were significantly reduced in F5, F10 and F15 generation. In addition, the predation function of F15 generation was reduced by sublethal dosage exposure of thiamethoxam. These results showed the negative impacts of sublethal thiamethoxam on the offspring of predators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Cheng
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Qiuju Qin
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Da Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Shipeng Han
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yunzhuan He
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China.
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Mama Sambo S, Ndlela S, du Plessis H, Obala F, Mohamed SA. Identification, Microhabitat, and Ecological Niche Prediction of Two Promising Native Parasitoids of Tuta absoluta in Kenya. INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13060496. [PMID: 35735832 PMCID: PMC9225270 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary Since the arrival of Tuta absoluta, a multivoltine insect species whose larvae develop in leaves, fruits, flowers, buds, and stems of tomatoes, producers are facing one of its biggest production challenges. The pest continues to invade new areas, causing heavy losses in the tomato value chain. Sprays of synthetic insecticides have shown very low efficacy on this pest because of its inclination to develop resistance to various insecticide-active ingredients. Biological control is one of the most promising solutions for the management of this pest. In this work, we investigated the most efficient indigenous parasitoids associated with T. absoluta in Kenya and their preferable habitat and ecological niche suitability. We identified two species, Stenomesius sp. near japonicus and Bracon nigricans, with up to 17% and 21% parasitism respectively. Stenomesius sp. near japonicus was more abundant in greenhouses and non-insecticide-treated tomatoes while B. nigricans was more abundant in the field tomatoes with a low abundance of Nesidiocoris tenuis. The ecological niche of these two species showed that B. nigricans was suitable for establishment in sub-Saharan Africa, a big part of South America, and Australia in both current and future scenarios. Abstract Associations between the South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), and its native parasitoids need to be updated to increase the implementation of pest control strategies. In this study, T. absoluta-infested tomato plants were collected from three regions in Kenya. The emerged parasitoids were identified, and their abundance was correlated with agroecological parameters, viz. cropping systems, and the abundance of the predator Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae). The study further conducted a habitat suitability prediction for the identified parasitoids. Two parasitoid species, Bracon nigricans (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and Stenomesius sp. near japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) emerged from T. absoluta immature stages, with parasitism rates ranging from 0 to 21% and 0 to 17% respectively. Insecticide application and open field cropping negatively influenced the parasitism by S. sp. nr japonicus. Low occurrence of N. tenuis positively affected B. nigricans parasitism. The predicted occurrence of parasitoid species indicated vast suitable areas for B. nigricans in sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, and South America. Low suitability was observed for S. sp. nr japonicus in Africa. Therefore, native parasitoids, especially B. nigricans could be considered for implementation as a biocontrol agent in the Integrated Pest Management program of T. absoluta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahadatou Mama Sambo
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya; (S.N.); (F.O.)
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (S.M.S.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Shepard Ndlela
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya; (S.N.); (F.O.)
| | - Hannalene du Plessis
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa;
| | - Francis Obala
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya; (S.N.); (F.O.)
| | - Samira Abuelgasim Mohamed
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya; (S.N.); (F.O.)
- Correspondence: (S.M.S.); (S.A.M.)
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Milugo TK, Tchouassi DP, Kavishe RA, Dinglasan RR, Torto B. Naturally Occurring Compounds With Larvicidal Activity Against Malaria Mosquitoes. FRONTIERS IN TROPICAL DISEASES 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fitd.2021.718804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Female Anopheles mosquitoes transmit Plasmodium parasites that cause human malaria. Currently, vector control is the most widely deployed approach to reduce mosquito population and hence disease transmission. This relies on use of insecticide-based interventions including Long-lasting Insecticide-treated Nets (LLINs) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) where scale-up has contributed to a dramatic decline in malaria deaths and morbidity over the past decade. Challenges to their effective use include the emergence and spread of insecticide resistance by malaria vector populations coupled with the inability to curb outdoor transmission. Under these situations, use of larvicides through larval source management (LSM) can complement these existing measures. The need to minimize environmental impact and effect on non-target organisms has spurred interest in the development of eco-friendly larvicides of natural origin. Here, we review literature published in the last five years to highlight compounds of natural origin found to exhibit larvicidal activity against malaria mosquitoes. Specifically, the larvicidal activity of different classes of compounds is discussed including their effect on non-target organisms. Additionally, we provide suggestions for future research into mosquito larvicides including the use of chemical synthesis to improve the bioactivity of known natural compounds.
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Salinas WS, Feria-Arroyo TP, Vitek CJ. Temperatures Influence Susceptibility to Insecticides in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes. Pathogens 2021; 10:992. [PMID: 34451456 PMCID: PMC8398266 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10080992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) are vectors for several arboviruses, including dengue, Zika virus and chikungunya virus. The primary method of controlling these diseases is controlling the vector population, often with insecticides. Insecticide resistance may impact the success of these efforts. We tested the effect of variable temperature exposures on susceptibility to insecticides by exposing adult A.aegypti and A. albopictus to different temperatures and tested their susceptibility to insecticides. We hypothesized that adults maintained at high temperatures would show increased susceptibility to insecticides relative to lower temperatures. Colony mosquitoes were hatched, reared to adulthood and then maintained in three temperature regimes that reflect average seasonal temperatures in the Rio Grande Valley, TX. Susceptibility to permethrin and deltamethrin was assessed using the CDC bottle bioassay method. Overall Aedes albopictus had higher susceptibility to all insecticides than Aedes aegypti. Mosquitoes kept at different temperatures exhibited differential susceptibility to insecticides. Low temperature exposed mosquitoes had decreased susceptibility while high temperature conditions resulted in increased mortality. Our results suggest public health officials must consider temperature effects when controlling mosquitoes with insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christopher J. Vitek
- Center for Vector-Borne Disease, Biology Department, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Dr, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; (W.S.S.); (T.P.F.-A.)
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12
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Engell Dahl J, Marti SL, Colinet H, Wiegand C, Holmstrup M, Renault D. Thermal plasticity and sensitivity to insecticides in populations of an invasive beetle: Cyfluthrin increases vulnerability to extreme temperature. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 274:129905. [PMID: 33979910 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change increases average temperatures and the occurrence of extreme weather events, in turn accentuating the risk of organism exposure to temperature stress. When thermal conditions become stressful, the sensitivity of insects toward insecticides can be exacerbated. Likewise, exposure of insects to insecticides can subsequently influence their ability to handle stressful temperatures. Here, we investigated the effects of constant temperature and daily heat spikes, in presence/absence of insecticide treatment (cyfluthrin), on the condition (impairment of mobility) and thermal tolerance to cold (-6 °C) and heat (42.5 °C) of the terrestrial beetle Alphitobius diaperinus. The responses of insects from four populations (three farm-collected populations, one laboratory population) to different durations of extreme temperature exposure were compared. The results showed that the laboratory population was generally more sensitive to extreme cold and heat temperatures, with less than 50% of adults recovering after an exposure at -6 or +42.5 °C for 3h. Significant differences in the level of thermal tolerance were also found among insects from poultry farms. Cyfluthrin exposure incurred detrimental effects to insects' condition in all but one population. For two out of the four populations, mobility impairment was increased when adults were exposed to daily heat spikes (6 h per day at 38 °C) and cyfluthrin simultaneously, compared to cyfluthrin exposure at constant temperatures; yet, no significant interaction between the two stressors was found. Finally, using one farm collected population, effects of pre-exposure to cyfluthrin on extreme temperature tolerance provided another example of the toxicant-induced climate sensitivity in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Engell Dahl
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Sapho-Lou Marti
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Hervé Colinet
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Claudia Wiegand
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Martin Holmstrup
- University of Aarhus, Department of Bioscience, Section for Terrestrial Ecology, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, F-35000, Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, Paris, France
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13
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Evaluation of predatory potential and prey stage preference of mirid bug, Nesidiocoris tenuis on tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00786-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Twardowski JP, Hurej M, Twardowska K. Effect of Ingestion Exposure of Selected Insecticides on Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). INSECTS 2021; 12:434. [PMID: 34064985 PMCID: PMC8150297 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity to thiacloprid and lambda-cyhalothrin ingested from prey organisms was studied in Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis, since the effect of ingestion exposure to these insecticides is unknown in these species. All developmental stages of the ladybirds were fed on Acyrthosiphon pisum treated with half or full field rate of the insecticides. Almost all instars were killed within 3 h of the start of ingestion of lambda-cyhalotrin-treated prey. The action of thiacloprid was more extended in time in both coccinellids and more variable between their instars. Reducing the field rate of lambda-cyhalothrin seems to have no practical value for the survival of either of the coccinellid species. Contrastingly, using half instead of the full field rate of thiacloprid may enhance the chances of survival in L1, L2, and L4 larvae of both species. Of all developmental stages tested, the survival dynamics of the adults of either species are closest to one another, whereas the apparent difference in the species response to the dose rate of thiacloprid was found in the L4 stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Piotr Twardowski
- Department of Plant Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24a, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.H.); (K.T.)
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Sheng S, Wang J, Zhang XR, Liu ZX, Yan MW, Shao Y, Zhou JC, Wu FA, Wang J. Evaluation of Sensitivity to Phoxim and Cypermethrin in an Endoparasitoid, Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Its Parasitization Efficiency Under Insecticide Stress. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2021; 21:6134349. [PMID: 33580255 PMCID: PMC7881259 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieab002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Insecticides can have consequences for beneficial arthropods. Insect parasitoids can contact insecticides through direct exposure spray droplets or residues on crop foliage. Here, we focus on better understand the response of Meteorus pulchricornis (Wesmael), a parasitoid wasp of lepidopteran pests, and its detoxification mechanisms on stress caused by phoxim and cypermethrin. Hence, we determined the dose-mortality curves and estimating the sublethal concentrations (LC30 and LC50). Then, we applied the sublethal concentrations against adult parasitoids to assess its survival, parasitism efficacy, and also developmental and morphometric parameters of their offspring. Simultaneously, we check the activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and peroxidase (POD) after sublethal exposure of both insecticides, which has measured until 48 h after treatment. Overall, phoxim and cypermethrin exhibited acute lethal activity toward the parasitoid with LC50 values 4.608 and 8.570 mg/liter, respectively. Also, we detect that LC30 was able to trigger the enzymatic activity of GST, AChE, and POD, suggesting a potential detoxification mechanism. However, even when subjected to sublethal exposure, our results indicate strong negatives effects, in particular for phoxim, which has affected the parasitism efficacy and also the developmental and morphometric parameters of M. pulchricornis offspring. Therefore, it can be concluded that both phoxim and cypermethrin have negative impacts on M. pulchricornis and we suggest cautioning their use and the need for semifield and field assessments to confirm such an impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Sheng
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Xiao-rui Zhang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Zhi-xiang Liu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Meng-wen Yan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Ying Shao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Jin-cheng Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Fu-an Wu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
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Campolo O, Puglisi I, Barbagallo RN, Cherif A, Ricupero M, Biondi A, Palmeri V, Baglieri A, Zappalà L. Side effects of two citrus essential oil formulations on a generalist insect predator, plant and soil enzymatic activities. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127252. [PMID: 32526470 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of chemical pesticides for crop protection, despite having contributed to ensure food security, have shown to exert negative impacts on the environment and on human health. In addition, the frequent emergence of resistance to pesticides and their adverse effects toward non-target organisms have generated the need to develop novel ecofriendly tools for pest control. Among these, plant essential oils (EOs) may play a central role in arthropod pest control. Recently, two formulations (Emulsion and PEG-nanoparticles) of three citrus EOs (lemon, mandarin and sweet orange) showed a promising potential against Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), a key tomato pest. Here, we evaluated the side effects of these experimental insecticides active substances toward (i) the generalist predator of several tomato pests, Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae); (ii) the soil enzymatic activities (dehydrogenase activity, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, acid phosphomonoesterase and urease) and (iii) the tomato plant antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase). Among the tested formulations, mandarin EO-based insecticide presented a significant impact on the predator survival and reproduction. Conversely, all the tested compounds proved to be harmless for the soil enzymatic and the plant antioxidant activities. Overall, these results provide solid bases for the development of novel biopesticides for sustainable tomato crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlando Campolo
- University of Reggio Calabria, Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Ivana Puglisi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Nunzio Barbagallo
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Asma Cherif
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy; Laboratory of Entomology-Acarology, Department of Plant Protection and Post-harvest Diseases, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, 43 Avenue Charles Nicolle, Cité Mahrajène, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia; University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Terra, Avenue de la Faculté d'Agronomie, 2B. BE-5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Michele Ricupero
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Biondi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palmeri
- University of Reggio Calabria, Dipartimento di AGRARIA, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Andrea Baglieri
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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17
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Dai C, Ricupero M, Puglisi R, Lu Y, Desneux N, Biondi A, Zappalà L. Can contamination by major systemic insecticides affect the voracity of the harlequin ladybird? CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:126986. [PMID: 32445995 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Systemic neurotoxic insecticides are widely used to control aphid pests worldwide and their potential non-target effects on aphid predators are often unknown. Behavioral responses linked to biological control services are crucial when assessing the compatibility of chemicals with biocontrol organisms. This is particularly relevant for insecticides at low and sublethal concentrations. We studied the acute toxicity and the sublethal effect on the voracity of the generalist predator Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) caused by the exposure to three systemic insecticides routinely used against aphids. The tested insecticide concentrations were the Lethal Concentration 50% (LC50), 20% (LC20) and 1% (LC1) estimated for the target pest Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in a companion study. The survival and the voracity differed among the tested chemicals and concentrations, but only thiamethoxam at LC50 caused a significant predator mortality, and individuals that survived showed a reduced predation rate. The predators showed a density independent functional response after the exposure to most of the insecticide-concentration combinations, while an inverse density dependence of the prey consumption rate was observed for coccinellids exposed to sulfoxaflor and thiamethoxam at their lowest tested concentration. The estimated parameters, i.e., the attack rate and the prey handling time, were affected at higher concentrations by both imidacloprid and sulfoxaflor. These findings stress the importance of carefully evaluating side effects of insecticides at very low concentrations on beneficial arthropods in the risk assessment schemes for sustainable pest control programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Dai
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, Catania, Italy; Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Beijing, 100193, China; Northeast Agricultural University, College of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Michele Ricupero
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Puglisi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Yanhui Lu
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Antonio Biondi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, Catania, Italy.
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
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Parsaeyan E, Saber M, Safavi SA, Poorjavad N, Biondi A. Side effects of chlorantraniliprole, phosalone and spinosad on the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma brassicae. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1052-1061. [PMID: 32448953 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The combined use of chemicals and biological control is not always a successful strategy owing to the potential side effects on biocontrol agents. Lethal and sublethal effects of three commonly used insecticides were assessed on adult and immature stages of the egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Recommended field concentrations of chlorantraniliprole, phosalone and spinosad caused mortality on preimaginal stages by 24, 87, and 98%, respectively. Lethal effects on parasitoid adults exposed to the insecticide dry residues were estimated as median lethal concentrations (LC50) that were 13.28, 0.25, and 0.03 µg a.i. ml-1 for chlorantraniliprole, phosalone, and spinosad, respectively. The effect of a low lethal concentration (LC30) of the compounds was evaluated on various adult biological traits, such as longevity, fecundity, emergence rate and other life table parameters. All compounds caused detrimental effects on all the estimated demographical indexes. Chlorantraniliprole affected the net reproductive rate, mean generation time and doubling time in comparison to the control; while, phosalone and spinosad adversely affected all assessed parameters. Phosalone and spinosad significantly reduced gross reproductive rate, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, mean generation time and doubling time and reduced longevity, fecundity, emergence rate related to other biological parameters in comparison with control. The results suggest that all compounds are not fully compatible with the activity of T. brassicae, and that the inclusion of chlorantraniprole, spinosad and phosalone into Integrated Pest Management (IPM) involving this parasitoid has to be avoided. Nevertheless, further studies in open field conditions and on a multiple generation scale are necessary for providing a more definitive conclusion on the IPM suitability of the three tested insectcides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Parsaeyan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Moosa Saber
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Ali Safavi
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Poorjavad
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Ricupero M, Abbes K, Haddi K, Kurtulus A, Desneux N, Russo A, Siscaro G, Biondi A, Zappalà L. Combined thermal and insecticidal stresses on the generalist predator Macrolophus pygmaeus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 729:138922. [PMID: 32498167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ecotoxicological risk assessments of pesticides on non-target arthropods are often carried out under constant and optimal temperature regimes. However, living organisms rarely experience these conditions in real field situations. Understanding the impact of pesticides on non-target beneficial arthropods under temperature stresses is especially important in terms of global warming. We assessed the lethal and sublethal effects of four modern insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, spinetoram, spinosad), on the generalist predator Macrolophus pygmaeus (Hemiptera: Miridae) under a range of temperatures (from 10 to 40°C) frequently experienced in a real field scenario. A reduction coefficient (Ex) was calculated by summarizing the mortality and predator reproductive capacity and, the chemicals were classified according to the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC) toxicity classes. The insecticides showed a marked synergistic effect with temperature, as the predator mortality and reproductive outputs were significantly correlated with increasing temperatures. Spinosyns interacted significantly with temperature causing the highest mortality and lowest fertility rates. Anthranilic diamides showed a safer ecotoxicological profile compared to spinosyns, with cyantraniliprole being more harmful than chlorantraniliprole. These results suggest that temperature should be taken into account in pesticide ecotoxicology studies within the framework of integrated pest management and the recent climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ricupero
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Khaled Abbes
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy; University of Sousse, High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariem, 4042, Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Khalid Haddi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy; Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), Department of Entomology, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alican Kurtulus
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy; Cukurova University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Plant Protection, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte d'Azur, INRAE, CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000 Nice, France
| | - Agatino Russo
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Siscaro
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Biondi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy.
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Chen J, Lu Z, Li M, Mao T, Wang H, Li F, Sun H, Dai M, Ye W, Li B. The mechanism of sublethal chlorantraniliprole exposure causing silkworm pupation metamorphosis defects. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2020; 76:2838-2845. [PMID: 32237032 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorantraniliprole (CAP) is widely used in agriculture and forestry to prevent and control pests. The effects of environmental CAP residue on non-target insect metamorphosis have not been reported. Our research aimed to investigate the sublethal effect of CAP on larva-pupa transformation in silkworm, and explore the mechanism of sublethal CAP exposure-mediated pupation metamorphosis defects. RESULT Sublethal CAP exposure affected the growth and development of silkworm larvae and caused defects in pupation metamorphosis. After CAP exposure, formation the of prepupa procuticle, ecdysial membrane and new epidermis was inhibited. Also, the level of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and mRNA levels of the 20E signaling pathway-related genes EcR, USP, E74, E75 and Ftz-f1 were significantly reduced. Moreover, genes involved in chitin synthesis, such as ChsA, CDA1 and CDA2, were downregulated. Injection of 20E led to the upregulation of chitin synthesis-related genes and increased formation of new epidermis in CAP-treated silkworm. However, injection of 20E failed to prevent downregulation of Ftz-f1 and the defects in pupation metamorphosis. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that 20E is a target hormone of CAP exposure-mediated epidermis formation phenotype. Ftz-f1 was silenced by CAP and might be a direct target gene of sublethal CAP exposure. Our study provided new evidence of the effects of sublethal CAP exposure on insect development and metamorphosis. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chen
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengting Lu
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Mao
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanchi Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haina Sun
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minli Dai
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wentao Ye
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Biological Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- Sericulture Institute of Soochow University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
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21
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Halsch CA, Code A, Hoyle SM, Fordyce JA, Baert N, Forister ML. Pesticide Contamination of Milkweeds Across the Agricultural, Urban, and Open Spaces of Low-Elevation Northern California. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Ricupero M, Desneux N, Zappalà L, Biondi A. Target and non-target impact of systemic insecticides on a polyphagous aphid pest and its parasitoid. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 247:125728. [PMID: 32069706 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Systemic insecticides are used to control agricultural pests globally and their non-target impact at non-lethal doses on beneficial arthropods has been recognized. We assessed the baseline toxicity of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor-based insecticides on the polyphagous aphid pest, Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and their non-target effects on its main parasitoid, Aphidius colemani (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), evaluated by residual contact exposure to the median lethal (LC50), the low lethal (LC20) and the sublethal (LC1) concentrations of the three tested insecticides, earlier estimated for the target pest. The results showed that the LC50s for the aphid were 6.4 × 10-3, 5 × 10-3, 2.9 × 10-2 times lower compared to the label concentrations of imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and sulfoxaflor, respectively. LC50 of thiamethoxam caused the highest mortality rate on the parasitoid followed by sulfoxaflor, while imidacloprid had the lowest impact. No significant sublethal effects on reprodution were observed for A. colemani survived to the insecticide exposure. Our findings highlight the importance of case-specific evaluation to optimize pesticide applications in Integrated Pest Management packages taking into account the ecological services provided by biological control agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ricupero
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- Université Côte D'Azur, INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), CNRS, UMR ISA, 06000, Nice, France
| | - Lucia Zappalà
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Biondi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Catania, Italy
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De Armas FS, Dionei Grutzmacher A, Edson Nava D, Antonio Pasini R, Rakes M, de Bastos Pazini J. Non-target toxicity of nine agrochemicals toward larvae and adults of two generalist predators active in peach orchards. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:327-339. [PMID: 32107697 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02177-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chrysoperla externa and Coleomegilla quadrifasciata are important biological control agents in peach orchards. However, orchard management with these predatory insects is viable only by using selective agrochemicals. The objective of this study is to evaluate the toxicity of nine agrochemicals used in peach orchards in larval and adult stages of the C. externa and C. quadrifasciata in laboratory conditions. The bioassays followed the methodologies proposed by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control (IOBC). Larvae and adults of C. externa and C. quadrifasciata were exposed to the dry residues of these products. Lethal and sublethal effects were evaluated in bioassays with the larval and adult stages of both predators. The agrochemicals were classified according to the IOBC guidelines. The insecticide chlorantraniliprole was harmless (class 1) to the larval stage of C. externa and C. quadrifasciata. Azadirachtin, copper 25% + calcium 10%, and deltamethrin were harmless to the adult stage of both insect species. The organophosphates fenitrothion and malathion were harmful (class 4) to both species in the larval and adult stages and should not be used in peach orchards. Therefore, this study demonstrates the importance of toxicity and the lethal and sublethal effects of these agrochemicals to better determine their compatibility with IPM in peach production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele Silva De Armas
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Postal Code 354, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Dionei Grutzmacher
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Postal Code 354, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Dori Edson Nava
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Embrapa Clima Temperado (Temperate Climate Embrapa), Postal code 403, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, 96001-970, Brazil
| | - Rafael Antonio Pasini
- Centro de Ensino Superior Riograndense, Postal Code 99560-000, Sarandi, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
| | - Matheus Rakes
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Postal Code 354, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano de Bastos Pazini
- Department of Crop Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Postal Code 354, Capão do Leão, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, 96010-900, Brazil
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Wang Z, Dai P, Yang X, Ruan CC, Biondi A, Desneux N, Zang LS. Selectivity of novel and traditional insecticides used for management of whiteflies on the parasitoid Encarsia formosa. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2716-2724. [PMID: 30784200 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Encarsia formosa Gahan is the most important parasitoid exploited for the control of whitefly pests of vegetable crops. However, the non-target effects of recently developed insecticides for controlling whiteflies toward this biocontrol agent is little documented. Here we evaluated the susceptibility of E. formosa adults and juveniles to eight commonly used insecticides against whiteflies. RESULTS Residual toxicity tests on glass showed that E. formosa adults were susceptible (over 98% mortality after 6 h treated) to field concentrations of the tested neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, acetamiprid, nitenpyram and thiamethoxam), abamectin, cyantraniliprole, and sulfoxaflor at their field concentrations. Pyriproxyfen was harmless to both adult and pupae of E. formosa. A risk quotient analysis showed that toxicity of pyriproxyfen to E. formosa adults was the lowest, followed by acetamiprid and cyantraniliprole. In the leaf residues test, mortality of E. formosa adults under all insecticides decreased when the residue age increased. Interestingly, E. formosa experiencing contact with the residues of most insecticides, except pyriproxyfen and abamectin, parasitized significantly more hosts 5-days after treatment, suggesting a hormetic effect on parasitism. CONCLUSION The risk assessment of insecticides indicated that pyriproxyfen and cyantraniliprole were the least toxic to E. formosa. Our results suggest that the inclusion of the insecticides in sustainable integrated pest management programs of whiteflies should be carefully evaluated on a case-by-case basis. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Chang-Chun Ruan
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia-Antipolis, France
| | - Lian-Sheng Zang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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25
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Bernardi D, Nondillo A, Baronio CA, Bortoli LC, Junior RM, Treptow RCB, Geisler FCS, Neitzke CG, Nava DE, Botton M. Side effects of toxic bait formulations on Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Sci Rep 2019; 9:12550. [PMID: 31467411 PMCID: PMC6715623 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead, 1905) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is considered one of the main biological control agents of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae). However, the application of toxic baits for the management of C. capitata might exert side effects on the parasitoid. The objective of this study was to evaluate the side effects of toxic bait formulations on D. longicaudata. The food attractants Anamed, 3% Biofruit, 1.5% CeraTrap, 1.25% Flyral, 3% Isca Samaritá, 3% Isca Samaritá Tradicional, and 7% sugarcane molasses mixed with an organophosphate insecticide [malathion, 2.0 grams of active ingredient (g a.i.) L-1] and the commercial formulation Gelsura (2.0 and 4.0 g a.i. L-1 alpha-cypermethrin) showed high toxicity to D. longicaudata adults (>90% mortality) after 96 h and were thus classified as harmful (Class 4). Similarly, 3% Isca Samaritá Tradicional and 7% sugarcane molasses in formulations with the insecticides spinosad and spinetoram (0.096 g a.i. L-1 or kg) were moderately harmful (Class 3). In contrast, the food attractants Anamed, 3% Biofruit, 1.5% CeraTrap, 1.25% Flyral, and 3% Isca Samaritá Tradicional in combination with spinosad and spinetoram and the formulation Success 0.02CB (0.096 g a.i. L-1 spinosad) were classified as harmless (<10% mortality up to 96 h, Class 1). Additionally, these formulations did not reduce the parasitism and emergence rate of the F1 generation of D. longicaudata in C. capitata larvae. Formulations of toxic baits based on spinosyn are suitable for the management of C. capitata together with the parasitoid D. longicaudata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bernardi
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil.
| | - Aline Nondillo
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Cléber Antonio Baronio
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Lígia Caroline Bortoli
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Ruben Machota Junior
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
| | - Rute Caroline Becker Treptow
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Carla Santos Geisler
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Gauger Neitzke
- Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fitossanidade, Caixa Postal 354, CEP 96010-900, Capão-do-Leão, RS, Brazil
| | - Dori Edson Nava
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Clima Temperado, Caixa postal 403, CEP 96010-971, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Botton
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Uva e Vinho, CEP 95701-008, Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil
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26
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Giorgini M, Guerrieri E, Cascone P, Gontijo L. Current Strategies and Future Outlook for Managing the Neotropical Tomato Pest Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in the Mediterranean Basin. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 48:1-17. [PMID: 30284151 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-018-0636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The invasion of new regions by exotic pests has been more than ever a critical issue that warrants coordinated international actions to manage established populations and prevent further spreading. Invasive insects can undermine the ecological equilibrium of both natural and agricultural ecosystems. Moreover, increasing temperatures due to climatic change exacerbate this problem by allowing pests to further reach regions previously considered unsuitable. The tomato pinworm Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera) is an exotic pest native to Peru that has spread beyond Neotropical America. In Europe, its occurrence was reported in Spain in 2006, and thereafter, it has spread throughout the Mediterranean Basin and further into Africa and part of Asia. While T. absoluta can cause losses to tomato production all over the globe, the differences in each invaded region (e.g., climate, vegetation) may affect its population dynamics and, consequently, management protocols. Therefore, the main intent of this forum paper is to explore how European growers and researchers are dealing with T. absoluta in the Mediterranean area. As for many other invasive pests, the best approach has been the adoption of integrated pest management (IPM). Specifically, the integration of biological control agents (e.g., mirid predators and egg parasitoids), microbial insecticides (i.e., Bacillus thuringiensis), selective chemical insecticides, and sex pheromone-based control has proven adequate, especially in tomato greenhouses. Nonetheless, some of the challenges ahead include the development of resistant tomato cultivars, the management of wild vegetation and companion plants to optimize the conservation of natural enemies and their effectiveness at the crop level, the management of insecticide resistance, and the improvement of sex pheromone-based tactics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Giorgini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - E Guerrieri
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - P Cascone
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Università 133, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - L Gontijo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Manejo e Conservação de Ecossistemas Naturais e Agrários, Univ Federal de Viçosa, Florestal, MG, Brasil
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27
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Ghasemzadeh S, Qureshi JA. Demographic analysis of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid exposed predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206030. [PMID: 30439960 PMCID: PMC6237301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the impact of pesticides on predators is crucial for developing integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite used to control several species of pest including Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) and arthropods. T. urticae is a major pest of multiple greenhouse-grown and field crops including apples in Iran. Lethal and sublethal effects of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid were investigated on A. swirskii, using these chemicals separately at recommended rates or in combination at reduced rates. Recommended tested rates of both pesticides negatively influenced the biological parameters of A. swirskii such as the net reproductive rate (R0) and the intrinsic rate of increase (r). However, the combined treatment of the two pesticides at their reduced rates was less hazardous to A. swirskii. Our findings indicate that the combined use of these chemicals may be compatible with IPM programs utilizing A. swirskii as biological control tool against phytophagous mites and other pests. However, semifield and field studies to investigate the effects of reduced rate treatments of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid alone and in combination on T. urticae and A. swirskii are required for developing IPM programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayyeh Ghasemzadeh
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (SG); (JQ)
| | - Jawwad A. Qureshi
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SG); (JQ)
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28
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de Castro AA, Legaspi JC, Tavares WDS, Meagher RL, Miller N, Kanga L, Haseeb M, Serrão JE, Wilcken CF, Zanuncio JC. Lethal and behavioral effects of synthetic and organic insecticides on Spodoptera exigua and its predator Podisus maculiventris. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206789. [PMID: 30408828 PMCID: PMC6224277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a key insect pest of edible vegetables around the world and it is resistant to insecticide of different classes. Insecticides that are effective to this pest and selective to predator stinkbugs are required for the integrated management of S. exigua. METHODS The toxicity of four commercial insecticide formulations azadirachtin + pyrethrin, spinosad, pyrethrin and chlorantraniliprole was tested on the target pest and their side effect were evaluated on the spined soldier bug, Podisus maculiventris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) through different bioassays. RESULTS Spinosad and chlorantraniliprole were more toxic to S. exigua than to the predator P. maculiventris but opposite results were obtained for pyrethrin and azadirachtin + pyrethrin in contact toxicity bioassay. Chlorantraniliprole was the most toxic to S. exigua in oral toxicity bioassay, followed by spinosad, pyrethrin and azadirachtin + pyrethrin. Spinosad in oral toxicity bioassay was the most toxic to P. maculiventris, followed by pyrethrin, azadirachtin + pyrethrin and chlorantraniliprole. Spinosad caused irritability to the predator while pyrethrin to the pest. The insecticide repellency was not observed over the tested insect species. The synthetic insecticide chlorantraniliprole was less toxic than the natural pyrethrin, azadirachtin + pyrethrin and spinosad to the predator. CONCLUSIONS This work provides useful information on the combination of commercial insecticides with the predator P. maculiventris to controlling S. exigua in integrated pest management (IPM) programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ancidériton Antonio de Castro
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, CMAVE/Florida A&M University—Center for Biological Control, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, CMAVE/Florida A&M University—Center for Biological Control, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Wagner de Souza Tavares
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, CMAVE/Florida A&M University—Center for Biological Control, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
- Departamento de Fitotecnia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Robert L. Meagher
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Neil Miller
- United States Department of Agriculture—Agricultural Research Service, CMAVE/Florida A&M University—Center for Biological Control, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lambert Kanga
- Center for Biological Control, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - Muhammad Haseeb
- Center for Biological Control, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, Florida, United States of America
| | - José Eduardo Serrão
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
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Yarou BB, Bawin T, Boullis A, Heukin S, Lognay G, Verheggen FJ, Francis F. Oviposition deterrent activity of basil plants and their essentials oils against Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:29880-29888. [PMID: 28785944 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9795-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The leafminer Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the most important pests of tomato, reducing crop yields by up to 100% in greenhouses and fields, in several countries globally. Because synthetic insecticides lead to resistance and have adverse effects on natural enemies and the health of producers, alternative control methods are needed. In this study, we assessed the oviposition-deterring effect of basil plants, Ocimum gratissimum L. and O. basilicum L. (Lamiaceae), using dual-choice behavioural assays performed in flight tunnels. We found that both plants significantly reduced T. absoluta oviposition behaviour on a tomato plant located nearby. To evaluate the potential effect of basil volatile organic compounds, we formulated essential oils of both plant species in paraffin oil, and observed a similar oviposition-deterring effect. Gas chromatography analyses detected 18 constituents in these essential oils which the major constituents included thymol (33.3%), p-cymene (20.4%), γ-terpinene (16.9%), myrcene (3.9%) in O. gratissimum and estragol (73.8%), linalool (8.6%), β-elemene (2.9%) and E-β-ocimene (2.6%) in O. basilicum. Twenty and 33 compounds were identified of the volatiles collected on O. gratissimum and O. basilicum plants, respectively. The main components include the following: p-cymene (33.5%), γ-terpinene (23.6%), α-terpinene (7.2%), α-thujene (6.7%) and E-α-bergamotene (38.9%) in O. gratissimum, and methyl eugenol (26.1%), E-β-ocimene (17.7%), and linalool (9.4%) in O. basilicum. Four compounds (α-pinene, β-pinene, Myrcene, Limonene) were common in essential oils and plants. Our results suggest the valuable potential of basil and associated essential oils as a component of integrated management strategies against the tomato leafminer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boni Barthélémy Yarou
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Thomas Bawin
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Antoine Boullis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Stéphanie Heukin
- Analytical Chemistry, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Georges Lognay
- Analytical Chemistry, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - François Jean Verheggen
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Agro Biochem Department, Gembloux Agro-bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des Déportés, 2, 5030, Gembloux, Belgium
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30
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He Z, Liu Y, Wang L, Guo Q, Ali S, Chen XS, Qiu BL. Risk Assessment of Two Insecticides on Encarsia formosa, Parasitoid of Whitefly Bemisia tabaci. INSECTS 2018; 9:insects9030116. [PMID: 30208565 PMCID: PMC6164281 DOI: 10.3390/insects9030116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of acute toxicity to insect natural enemies is very important for insecticide selection used within integrated pest management (IPM). The acute toxicity of abamectin and imidacloprid against Encarsia formosa, a parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci, was investigated. Abamectin had a high toxicity risk to E. formosa, while imidacloprid showed a medium toxicity risk. When treated with the lethal concentration 30 (LC30) of abamectin, the dwelling time of E. formosa in B. tabaci infested-plant-area (IPA) was significantly lower than in non-infested plant areas (non-IPA). In addition, the frequency of E. formosa entering into the two areas was not significantly different in the LC10 and LC30 treatments. Within the IPA, LC10, and LC30 treatments decreased the dwelling time and entering frequency of parasitoid significantly. For imidacloprid treatments, E. formosa stayed a longer time in the non-IPA than in the IPA when treated with LC30. The frequency of E. formosa entering into the two areas was only slightly different in the LC1, LC10, and LC30 treatments. Within the IPA, LC10 and LC30 treatments were significantly decreased in the dwelling time and the entering frequency of E. formosa. The results indicate that abamectin and imidacloprid have high or medium acute toxicity against E. formosa and a negative sublethal effect on its searching behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan He
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Qiu Guo
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xiao-Sheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Bao-Li Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Agricultural Pest Biocontrol, South China Agricultural University, No. 483, Wushan Rd., Tianhe, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Muslim M, Ansari MS, Hasan F. Non-target toxicity of synthetic insecticides on the biological performance and population growth of Bracon hebetor Say. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:1019-1031. [PMID: 29797170 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1947-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important biological control agent of various species of order Lepidoptera and extensively used in biological control program worldwide. Present study evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on B. hebetor using demographic and population growth parameters. Doses of all the tested insecticides were within a maximum range of their recommended field dosages and adults were treated using residual glass vials method. For control experiments adults were treated with distilled water. Among the tested insecticides, the survivorship of various stages of B. hebetor was considerably prolonged on cyantraniliprole followed by chlorantraniliprole and shortest on chlorpyrifos and profenofos treated group. Total immature development time was prolonged in chlorpyrifos and profenofos treated group. Population growth parameters like intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), net reproductive rate (R0), finite rate of increase (λ) and mean generation time (Tc) were considerably reduced in B. hebetor groups treated with chlorpyrifos and profenofos. However, B. hebetor groups treated with chlorantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole showed a little or no much difference in population growth parameters when compared with untreated group. It was also observed that chlorpyrifos and profenofos modified the sex ratio, thereby female emergence get reduced. On the basis of present findings it can be concluded that all tested insecticides caused considerable ecotoxic effects on B. hebetor compared to control. However, comparisons among the tested insecticides on the basis of IOBC criteria showed that chlorantraniliprol and cyntraniliprol was less toxic as compared to other insecticides tested on this biological control agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Muslim
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Shafiq Ansari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Fazil Hasan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), Pusa, New Delhi, 110012, India.
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Pérez-Aguilar DA, Soares MA, Passos LC, Martínez AM, Pineda S, Carvalho GA. Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides on Engytatus varians (Heteroptera: Miridae), a predator of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2018; 27:719-728. [PMID: 29923076 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-018-1954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mirid Engytatus varians (Distant) is a promising biological control agent of the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), one of the most destructive pests of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The effects of five insecticides commonly used on tomato crops in Brazil were evaluated on E. varians in laboratory and semifield conditions. Glass Petri dish with residues of chlorfenapyr, thiamethoxam, and abamectin caused ˃90% mortality in both stages of the predator 72 h post-treatment, except imidacloprid that caused 78% of nymphs mortality. Teflubenzuron caused 24 and 66% mortality on adults and nymphs, respectively. The offspring of females derived from treated nymphs with teflubenzuron was significantly lower than the control but not when females were treated as adults. Longevity of males derived from nymphs treated with teflubenzuron was significantly reduced, but no effects were observed on females. When males and females were treated as adults with teflubenzuron there were no effects on their longevity. In the greenhouse-aged tomato plants, the 2 h-old residues of thiamethoxam, chlorfenapyr, and abamectin caused more than 70% of mortality of third instar of E. varians at 72 h post-treatment, 12 day-old residues of all three compounds caused a mortality lower than 30%. These data suggest that teflubenzuron can be associated with releases of E. varians adults, while the use of other evaluated pesticides should be avoided in this situation. Although, the low persistence of these products indicate that their spraying and later releases of E. varians adults on tomato crops are a possible strategy to control T. absoluta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alberto Pérez-Aguilar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Km. 9.5 Carretera Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, 58880, Mexico
| | - Marianne Araújo Soares
- Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia de Inseticidas, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil.
| | - Luis Clepf Passos
- Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia de Inseticidas, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Mabel Martínez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Km. 9.5 Carretera Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, 58880, Mexico
| | - Samuel Pineda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Km. 9.5 Carretera Morelia-Zinapécuaro, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, 58880, Mexico
| | - Geraldo Andrade Carvalho
- Departamento de Entomologia, Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia de Inseticidas, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Caixa Postal 3037, Lavras, MG, CEP 37200-000, Brazil
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Saeed N, Tonina L, Battisti A, Mori N. Temperature Alters the Response to Insecticides in Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:1306-1312. [PMID: 29659915 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toy080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an invasive pest in Europe and is a major threat to the soft fruit industry. Because of an ample temperature range, the pest spans from low to high elevation crops in mountain areas of the Southern Alps. Starting from field observations on the variable efficacy of insecticides under different temperatures, experiments were designed to test the efficacy of chemical families of insecticides available against this pest. Pyrethroids and spynosins proved to be the most effective under all temperature conditions (14, 22, and 30°C) in all assays. Organophosphates and neonicotinoids showed significantly lower efficacy at low temperatures, indicating that they are not suitable to protect crops under those conditions. The management of the pest in cold habitats, which are suitable for the cultivation of high-quality berries as for example in mountain farming systems, is constrained by a limited number of molecules available for fruit protection. Temperature has to be considered among factors affecting the decision-making process for the choice of registered formulations to be used in pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Saeed
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Agripolis, Viale dell'Universita, Legnaro PD, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Tonina
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Agripolis, Viale dell'Universita, Legnaro PD, Italy
| | - Andrea Battisti
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Agripolis, Viale dell'Universita, Legnaro PD, Italy
| | - Nicola Mori
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padua, Agripolis, Viale dell'Universita, Legnaro PD, Italy
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Biondi A, Guedes RNC, Wan FH, Desneux N. Ecology, Worldwide Spread, and Management of the Invasive South American Tomato Pinworm, Tuta absoluta: Past, Present, and Future. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 63:239-258. [PMID: 28977774 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-034933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The South American tomato pinworm, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is native to the western Neotropics. After invading Spain in 2006, it spread rapidly throughout Afro-Eurasia and has become a major threat to world tomato production. Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies have been developed, but widespread insecticide use has caused selection for insecticide resistance as well as undesirable effects on key beneficial arthropods. Augmentation and conservation biological control relying on omnivorous mirid predators has proved successful for management of T. absoluta, where implementation is dependent on abiotic, biotic (e.g., alternative prey), and anthropogenic factors (e.g., pesticides). Research has been carried out on larval parasitoids, showing potential for further development of sustainable control. The development of resistant tomato varieties is ongoing, but they are not commercially available yet. Knowledge gaps remain to be filled to optimize IPM packages on tomato crops and to help prevent further spread worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123, Italy;
| | - Raul Narciso C Guedes
- Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil;
| | - Fang-Hao Wan
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing100193, China;
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), University of Côte d'Azur, CNRS, UMR 1355-7254, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France;
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Mohamadi P, Razmjou J, Naseri B, Hassanpour M. Humic Fertilizer and Vermicompost Applied to the Soil Can Positively Affect Population Growth Parameters of Trichogramma brassicae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) on Eggs of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 46:678-684. [PMID: 28664527 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0536-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick), is a devastating pest of tomato worldwide. One of the control measures of T. absoluta is the use of biological control agents, such as Trichogramma wasps. Interactions between natural enemies and insect pests may be affected by application of fertilizers, because changes in plant quality through the fertilizer application may therefore affect herbivore characteristics and suitability of them to parasitism. Laboratory tests were carried out to evaluate the life table parameters of Trichogramma brassicae Bezdenko on T. absoluta eggs reared on tomato plants treated either with vermicompost (40%), humic fertilizer (2 g/kg soil), or control (suitable mixture of field soil and sand). Population growth parameters of T. brassicae were affected by fertilizer treatments. Significant differences were found for immature life period and total fecundity of T. brassicae on the treatments. Differences of intrinsic rate of natural increase (r m), finite rate of increase (λ), net reproductive rate (R 0), mean generation time (T), and doubling time (DT) of T. brassicae among treatments were also significant. The lowest values of r m, λ, and R 0 were recorded for T. brassicae developed on T. absoluta eggs on control treatment, whereas the highest values of these parameters were observed on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer. Furthermore, T. brassicae had the shortest T and DT values on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost treatments. Our results showed that application of humic fertilizer and vermicompost could positively affect population growth parameters of T. brassicae on eggs of T. absoluta fed on tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mohamadi
- Plant Protection Dept, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Univ of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - J Razmjou
- Plant Protection Dept, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Univ of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - B Naseri
- Plant Protection Dept, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Univ of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - M Hassanpour
- Plant Protection Dept, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, Univ of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
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Khan MA, Ruberson JR. Lethal effects of selected novel pesticides on immature stages of Trichogramma pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:2465-2472. [PMID: 28600808 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trichogramma pretiosum Riley is an important egg parasitoid and biological control agent of caterpillar pests. We studied the acute toxicity of 20 pesticides (14 insecticides/miticides, three fungicides and three herbicides) exposed to recommended field rates. Egg, larval, and pupal stages of the parasitoid in their hosts were dipped in formulated solutions of the pesticides and evaluated 10 days later for percentage of host eggs with holes, number of parasitoids emerged per egg with holes, and stage-specific mortality of immature as well as adult wasps within the host eggs. RESULTS Seven insecticides (buprofezin, chlorantraniliprole, spirotetramat, flonicamid, flubendiamide) and miticides (spiromesifen, cyflumetofen), one herbicide (nicosulfuron), and three fungicides (myclobutanil, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin + tebuconazole) caused no significant mortality to immature stages or pre-emergent adult parasitoids relative to controls. By contrast, seven insecticides/miticides (abamectin, acetamiprid, dinotefuran, fipronil, novaluron, spinetoram, tolfenpyrad) adversely affected immature and pre-emergent adult T. pretiosum, with tolfenpyrad being particularly lethal. Two herbicides had moderate (glufosinate ammonium) to severe (s-metolachlor) acute lethal effects on the immature parasitoids. CONCLUSIONS This study corroborates earlier findings with adult T. pretiosum. Over half of the pesticides - and all the fungicides - tested in the current study would appear to be compatible with the use of T. pretiosum in integrated pest management programs, with respect to acute parasitoid mortality. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John R Ruberson
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Ziaei Madbouni MA, Samih MA, Qureshi JA, Biondi A, Namvar P. Compatibility of insecticides and fungicides with the zoophytophagous mirid predator Nesidiocoris tenuis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187439. [PMID: 29095873 PMCID: PMC5667899 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nesidiocoris tenuis (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an effective predator of multiple pests of vegetable crops, such as thrips, mites, aphids, whiteflies, leafminers. It is mass-reared and released for augmentative biocontrol programs mainly aimed at controlling whiteflies and Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in greenhouses and open field. We evaluated the lethal and sublethal toxicity upon N. tenuis adults of label doses of three insecticides (pyriproxyfen, spirotetramat, cypermethrin) and seven fungicides (benomyl, chlorothalonil, copper oxychloride, cyazofamid, fluopicolide + propamocarb hydrochloride (FPH), penconazol, trifloxystrobin) commonly used in various crops. Two exposure routes were tested: (i) contact with dry residues of insecticides or fungicides on tomato sprouts and (ii) multiple exposure to these chemicals via topical sprays on adults which foraged on treated sprouts; and fed on treated eggs of Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) simultaneously. Mortality and reproductive capacity were investigated as indicators of lethal and sublethal effects on N. tenius. The tested insecticides and fungicides were all classified as harmless when predator was exposed only to the dry residues of each. However, the multiple exposure to either cypermethrin, benomyl, chlorothalonil, copper oxychloride or trifloxystrobin caused significant mortality of N. tenuis adults. Cypermethrin also significantly reduced its reproductive capacity. Interestingly, N. tenuis produced a higher number of progeny when exposed to fungicides penconazol and FPH in both exposure scenarios. Overall, findings suggest that the two insecticides, pyriproxyfen and spirotetramat but not cypermethrin, and all tested fungicides can be considered compatible with N. tenuis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Amin Samih
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Jawwad A. Qureshi
- University of Florida/IFAS, Department of Entomology and Nematology, Indian River Research and Education Center, Fort Pierce, FL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Antonio Biondi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Via Santa Sofia, Catania, Italy
| | - Peyman Namvar
- Plant Protection Research Department, South Kerman Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Jiroft, Iran
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Zanuzo Zanardi O, Pavan Bordini G, Aparecida Franco A, Jacob CRO, Takao Yamamoto P. Sublethal effects of pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides on Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark and Muma (Mesostigmata: Phytoseiidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1188-1198. [PMID: 28819698 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-017-1844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The predator mite Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma is an important biological-control agent of mite pests, and it is one of the most common species found in citrus orchards. This study assessed, under laboratory conditions, the toxicity and duration of the harmful effects of five insecticides, the three pyrethroids deltamethrin, esfenvalerate and lambda-cyhalothrin, and the two neonicotinoids imidacloprid and thiamethoxam on I. zuluagai. Furthermore, we estimated the life-table parameters of the predator. Our results showed that deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin caused higher mortality of larvae and adults than imidacloprid and thiamethoxam. In contrast, esfenvalerate provided larval mortality similar to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, but it did not cause significant adult mortality of the predator. Mites that developed on pyrethroid residues showed lower survival of the immature stages, fecundity, and longevity compared to neonicotinoid residues and the control treatment. The estimated life-table parameters indicated that deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin and esfenvalerate caused greater reduction in R o and r of I. zuluagai compared with imidacloprid and thiamethoxam, which were similar to the control treatment. Besides the impacts on biological and population parameters, the duration of the harmful activity of pyrethroid insecticides was longer than the neonicotinoids. Therefore, the use of pyrethroid insecticides to control pest insects may involve serious implications for integrated pest-management programs that aim to exploit the biological control by I. zuluagai in citrus orchards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odimar Zanuzo Zanardi
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Gabriela Pavan Bordini
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida Franco
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cynthia Renata Oliveira Jacob
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Takao Yamamoto
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture/University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Citrus peel essential oil nanoformulations to control the tomato borer, Tuta absoluta: chemical properties and biological activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13036. [PMID: 29026207 PMCID: PMC5638903 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The repeated use of conventional synthetic pesticides in crop protection leads to resistance development by pests along with a negative impact on the environment, particularly non-target arthropods. Plant-derived active compounds, such as essential oils (EOs), play a key role in sustainably controlling pests. The lethal and sublethal activity of citrus peel EOs as emulsions and included in polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanoparticles (EO-NPs) was determined against the invasive tomato pest Tuta absoluta. Their effects on the plants were also assessed. The results showed an overall good insecticidal activity of the compounds tested, with a higher mortality through contact on eggs and larvae by EO emulsions and through ingestion on larvae by EO-NPs. The nanoformulation also significantly reduced the visible toxic effects on the plants. The data collected suggest that these natural compounds, especially when nanoformulated, could be successfully used in integrated pest management programs for T. absoluta.
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Hasan F, Ansari MS. Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Insecticides on the Biological Attributes of Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): a Biocontrol Agent of Parthenium hysterophorus L. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 46:473-486. [PMID: 28144909 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-017-0485-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute toxicity and sublethal effects of six commonly used insecticides, i.e., malathion, carbaryl, imidacloprid, cypermethrin, dimethoate, and monocrotophos, were evaluated through biological and life table parameters of Zygogramma bicolorata Pallister in laboratory. Concentration of these insecticides was within the minimum ranges of recommended field rate. Among the insecticides tested for acute toxicity, monocrotophos and imidacloprid caused the highest mortality of third instars and prolonged the development time of treated larvae. Fecundity and egg viability were also reduced in monocrotophos-treated group. Sublethal toxicity (carryover effect) of insecticides was evaluated through life table analysis of F1 progenies developed from surviving third instars treated for acute toxicity experiment. Survivorship was prolonged to 117 days in carbaryl treated group. Monocrotophos prolonged the overall immature development time compared to other insecticidal treatments and untreated control. Moreover, the lowest female survival, and the lowest value of life indices parameters, i.e., m x , R 0, r m, and λ, was evident in monocrotophos-exposed groups compared to that in other tested insecticides. However, mean generation time (T c) and doubling time (DT) were significantly prolonged in the insecticide-treated groups compared to those in the untreated group. A significantly greater number of females were produced in control groups than those in treated with malathion and sex ratio (proportion of male) was computed as 0.34 and 0.37, respectively. Based on the present study, it can be concluded that none of the tested insecticides can be classified as safe to Z. bicolorata. However, comparisons among the tested insecticides showed that malathion was less toxic compared to other insecticides tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hasan
- Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh, 202002, India.
- Glocal School of Agricultural Sciences, Glocal University, Saharanpur, India.
- Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New-Delhi, India.
| | - M S Ansari
- Dept of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh, 202002, India
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Cruz RADL, Zanuncio JC, Lacerda MC, Wilcken CF, Fernandes FL, Tavares WDS, Soares MA, Sediyama CS. Side-effects of pesticides on the generalist endoparasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). Sci Rep 2017; 7:10064. [PMID: 28855720 PMCID: PMC5577138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
New plant protection strategies focus on minimizing chemical pesticide use and increasing their compatibility with biological control agents. The objective was to evaluate the side-effects of glyphosate, diflubenzuron, malathion, tebuconazole and triflumuron (at 720, 45, 400, 150 and 20 g ai ha-1, respectively), pesticides authorized for soybean crops in Brazil, on the parasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) reared on Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The emergence and female numbers produced per P. elaeisis female were higher in A. gemmatalis pupae from caterpillars fed an artificial diet treated with glyphosate. However, emergence was lower than 50% when the caterpillars were fed on soybean leaves treated with glyphosate offered ad libitum (3-5 times). Palmistichus elaeisis died before parasiting A. gemmatalis pupae treated with malathion. Diflubenzuron reduced the P. elaesis sex ratio in the second generation. Tebuconazole and triflumuron did not cause side-effects on this parasitoid. A continuous exposure to glyphosate by the host may lead to side-effects on P. elaeisis emergence, but its moderate use is acceptable for this parasitoid. Diflubenzuron had severe transgenerational side-effects. Tebuconazole fungicide and triflumuron insecticide are compatible with P. elaeisis in sustainable integrated pest management (IPM) programs, while malathion can not be included in them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Cola Zanuncio
- Departamento de Entomologia/BIOAGRO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, Brazil.
| | - Mabio Chrisley Lacerda
- Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Santo Antônio de Goiás, 75375-000, Brazil
| | - Carlos Frederico Wilcken
- Departamento de Proteção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", 18610-307, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Flávio Lemes Fernandes
- Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 38810-000, Rio Paranaíba, Brazil
| | | | - Marcus Alvarenga Soares
- Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 391000-000, Diamantina, Brazil
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Mohamadi P, Razmjou J, Naseri B, Hassanpour M. Population Growth Parameters of Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) on Tomato Plant Using Organic Substrate and Biofertilizers. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2017; 17:3061615. [PMID: 28355477 PMCID: PMC5416815 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iex011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a devastating pest associated with tomato. In this study, effects of tomato plants treated with vermicompost (20, 40, and 60%), humic fertilizer (2, 4 and 6 g/kg soil) and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis) were investigated on the life table parameters of T. absoluta in a growth chamber at 25 ± 2 °C, 65 ± 5% RH, and 16:8 (L:D) h. Significant differences were found for the total developmental time, fecundity, and oviposition period of T. absoluta on the treatments tested. The net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), finite rate of increase (λ), mean generation time (T), and doubling time (DT) of T. absoluta were significantly different among treatments tested. We found that in all vermicompost, humic fertilizer and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria treatments, values of R0, rm, and λ were lower than control treatment. However, the lowest values of these parameters were obtained on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost. Furthermore, T. absoluta had longest T and DT values on 2 g/kg humic fertilizer treatment. Data obtained showed that the addition of 2 g/kg humic fertilizer and 40% vermicompost to the growing soil reduced T. absoluta populations in tomato cultures. In addition, these levels of fertilizers improved growth parameters of tomato seedlings (plant height, wet weight, and dry weight) compared with other treatments. These results could be useful in improving the sustainable management of the moth.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mohamadi
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran (; ; ; )
| | - J Razmjou
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran (; ; ; )
| | - B Naseri
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran (; ; ; )
| | - M Hassanpour
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran (; ; ; )
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Xiao D, Zhao J, Guo X, Chen H, Qu M, Zhai W, Desneux N, Biondi A, Zhang F, Wang S. Sublethal effects of imidacloprid on the predatory seven-spot ladybird beetle Coccinella septempunctata. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:1782-1793. [PMID: 27670666 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1721-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The seven-spot ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata, is a major natural enemy of aphids in the field and in greenhouses in China and is part of integrated pest management (IPM). Imidacloprid, a highly efficient insecticide that not only kills aphids at lethal concentrations, but also can cause various sublethal effects in nontarget organisms. To strengthen IPM and its sustainability, it is important assessing possible side effects on natural enemies. When the effects of sublethal concentrations (LC5 and 10%LC5) of imidacloprid on C. septempunctata were evaluated, the adult longevity was shortened by 23.97 and 28.68 %, and the fecundity reduced by 52.81 and 56.09 % compared to control population. In the F1 generation (i.e., the progeny of the exposed individuals), the juvenile development was slower by 1.44 days and 0.66 days, and the oviposition period was shortened by 10 and 13 days, respectively. The fecundity of the F1 generation decreased by 17.88, 44.03 and 51.69 % when exposed to 1%LC5, 10%LC5, and LC5, respectively. The results of demographical growth estimates showed that the intrinsic rate of increase (r m ) and net reproductive rate (R 0 ) were lower in C. septempunctata populations that had been exposed to sublethal concentrations of imidacloprid. The results emphasize the importance of assessing side effects of low imidacloprid concentrations on such predator species, even at the transgenerational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Xiao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest Science, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest Science, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Xiaojun Guo
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest Science, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Hongying Chen
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Mengmeng Qu
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Weigang Zhai
- Institute for the Control of Agrochemicals, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Nicolas Desneux
- INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research), UMR 1355-7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Univ. Nice Sophia Antipolis, CNRS, 400 Route des Chappes, Sophia-Antipolis, 06903, France
| | - Antonio Biondi
- University of Catania, Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, via Santa Sofia 100, Catania, 95123, Italy
| | - Fan Zhang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest Science, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Su Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forest Science, Beijing, 100097, China.
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