1
|
Ren X, Wang X, Zheng G, Wang S, Wang Q, Yuan M, Xu T, Xu J, Huang P, Ge M. Targeting one-carbon metabolism for cancer immunotherapy. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1521. [PMID: 38279895 PMCID: PMC10819114 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One-carbon (1C) metabolism is a metabolic network that plays essential roles in biological reactions. In 1C metabolism, a series of nutrients are used to fuel metabolic pathways, including nucleotide metabolism, amino acid metabolism, cellular redox defence and epigenetic maintenance. At present, 1C metabolism is considered the hallmark of cancer. The 1C units obtained from the metabolic pathways increase the proliferation rate of cancer cells. In addition, anticancer drugs, such as methotrexate, which target 1C metabolism, have long been used in the clinic. In terms of immunotherapy, 1C metabolism has been used to explore biomarkers connected with immunotherapy response and immune-related adverse events in patients. METHODS We collected numerous literatures to explain the roles of one-carbon metabolism in cancer immunotherapy. RESULTS In this review, we focus on the important pathways in 1C metabolism and the function of 1C metabolism enzymes in cancer immunotherapy. Then, we summarise the inhibitors acting on 1C metabolism and their potential application on cancer immunotherapy. Finally, we provide a viewpoint and conclusion regarding the opportunities and challenges of targeting 1C metabolism for cancer immunotherapy in clinical practicability in the future. CONCLUSION Targeting one-carbon metabolism is useful for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Ren
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Department of PathologyCancer CenterZhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of PharmacyAffiliated Hangzhou First People's HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Guowan Zheng
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Qiyue Wang
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Mengnan Yuan
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Tong Xu
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jiajie Xu
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of PharmacyCenter for Clinical PharmacyCancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Minghua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck SurgeryOtolaryngology & Head and Neck Center, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital)Hangzhou Medical CollegeHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceHangzhouZhejiangChina
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Malignant TumorHangzhouZhejiangChina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin YP, Hseu YC, Thiyagarajan V, Vadivalagan C, Pandey S, Lin KY, Hsu YT, Liao JW, Lee CC, Yang HL. The in vitro and in vivo anticancer activities of Antrodia salmonea through inhibition of metastasis and induction of ROS-mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death in human glioblastoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114178. [PMID: 36916401 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antrodia salmonea (AS) exhibits anticancer activities against various cancers. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the anticancer activities of AS on human glioblastoma (GBM8401 and U87MG) cells both in vitro and in vivo and explained the underlying molecular mechanism. METHODS MTT, colony formation, migration/invasion assay, immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, TUNEL, Annexin V/PI staining, AO staining, GFP-LC3 transfection, TEM, qPCR, siLC3, DCFH2-DA assay, and xenografted-nude mice were used to assess the potential of AS therapy. RESULTS AS treatment retarded growth and suppressed colony formation in glioblastoma cells. AS attenuates EMT by suppressing invasion and migration, increasing E-cadherin expression, decreasing Twist, Snail, and N-cadherin expression, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathways in GBM8401 and U87MG cells. Furthermore, AS induced apoptosis by activating caspase-3, cleaving PARP, and dysregulating Bax and Bcl-2 in both cell lines. TUNEL assay and Annexin V/PI staining indicated AS-mediated late apoptosis. Interestingly, AS induced autophagic cell death by LC3-II accumulation, AVO formation, autophagosome GFP-LC3 puncta, p62/SQSTM1 expression, and ATG4B inhibition in GBM8401 and U87MG cells. TEM data revealed that AS favored autophagosome and autolysosome formation. The autophagy inhibitors 3-MA/CQ and LC3 knockdown suppressed AS-induced apoptosis in glioblastoma cells, indicating that the inhibition of autophagy decreased AS-induced apoptosis. Notably, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) inhibited AS-mediated ROS production and AS-induced apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Furthermore, AS induced ROS-mediated inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. AS reduced the tumor burden in GBM8401-xenografted nude mice and significantly modulated tumor xenografts by inducing anti-EMT, apoptosis, and autophagy. AS could be a potential antitumor agent in human glioblastoma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pin Lin
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC; Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chithravel Vadivalagan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sudhir Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71710, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Tai Hsu
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chuan-Chen Lee
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chang JL, Gan YT, Peng XG, Ouyang QX, Pei J, Ruan HL. Peniandranoids A-E: Meroterpenoids with Antiviral and Immunosuppressive Activity from a Penicillium sp. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:66-75. [PMID: 36596229 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Peniandranoids A-E (1-5), five new meroterpenoids, together with three known analogues (6-8), were isolated from the fermentation of a soil-derived fungus, Penicillium sp.sb62. Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1 and 5 were further elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Peniandranoids A-E belong to a rare class of andrastin-type meroterpenoids incorporating an extra polyketide unit (a C10 polyketide unit for 1 and 2, a C9 polyketide unit for 3 and 4, and a furancarboxylic acid unit for 5). Compounds 1 and 6 exhibited favorable inhibitory activities against influenza virus A (H1N1) with EC50 values of 19 and 14 μg/mL, respectively. Compounds 3-8 exhibited potent immunosuppressive activities against concanavalin A-induced T cell proliferation with EC50 values ranging from 4.3 to 27 μM and lipopolysaccharide-induced B cell proliferation with EC50 values ranging from 7.5 to 23 μM, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ling Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Tian Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Gang Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian-Xi Ouyang
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Li Ruan
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shen JW, Wu PY, Kuo YH, Chang QX, Wen KC, Chiang HM. Fermented Taiwanofungus camphoratus Extract Ameliorates Psoriasis-Associated Response in HaCaT Cells via Modulating NF-𝜅B and mTOR Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314623. [PMID: 36498953 PMCID: PMC9739991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease, and until now, it remains an incurable disease. Therefore, the development of new drugs or agents that ameliorate the disease will have marketing potential. Taiwanofungus camphoratus (TC) is a specific fungus in Taiwan. It is demonstrated to have anticancer, anti-inflammation, and hepatoprotective effects. However, the effects of TC fermented extract on psoriasis are under investigation. In this research, we studied the ability of TC on antioxidative activity and the efficacy of TC on interleukin-17 (IL-17A)-induced intracellular oxidative stress, inflammation-relative, and proliferation-relative protein expression in human keratinocytes. The results of a DPPH radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay, and hydroxyl peroxide inhibition assay indicated that TC has a potent antioxidant ability. Furthermore, TC could reduce IL-17A-induced intracellular ROS generation and restore the NADPH level. In the investigation of pathogenesis, we discovered TC could regulate inflammatory and cell proliferation pathways via p-IKKα/p-p65 and p-mTOR/p-p70S6k signaling pathways in human keratinocytes. In conclusion, TC showed characteristics such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-psoriatic-associated responses. It is expected to be developed as a candidate for oxidative-stress-induced skin disorders or psoriasis treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Shen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Wu
- Department of Dermatology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Qiao-Xin Chang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ching Wen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Biotechnology Industry, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-22053366 (ext. 5302)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Qu HQ, Chang X, Mentch FD, Qiu H, Nguyen K, Wang X, Saeidian AH, Watson D, Glessner J, Hakonarson H. Identification of risk variants related to malignant tumors in children with birth defects by whole genome sequencing. Biomark Res 2022; 10:84. [DOI: 10.1186/s40364-022-00431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Children with birth defects (BD) are more likely to develop cancer and the increased risk of cancer persists into adulthood. Prior population-based assessments have demonstrated that even non-chromosomal BDs are associated with at least two-fold increase of cancer risk. Identification of variants that are associated with malignant tumor in BD patients without chromosomal anomalies may improve our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms and provide clues for early cancer detection in children with BD.
Methods
In this study, whole genome sequencing (WGS) data of blood-derived DNA for 1653 individuals without chromosomal anomalies were acquired from the Kids First Data Resource Center (DRC), including 541 BD probands with at least one type of malignant tumors, 767 BD probands without malignant tumor, and 345 healthy family members who are the parents or siblings of the probands. Recurrent variants exclusively seen in cancer patients were selected and mapped to their corresponding genomic regions. The targeted genes/non-coding RNAs were further reduced using random forest and forward feature selection (ffs) models.
Results
The filtered genes/non-coding RNAs, including variants in non-coding areas, showed enrichment in cancer-related pathways. To further support the validity of these variants, blood WGS data of additional 40 independent BD probands, including 25 patients with at least one type of cancers from unrelated projects, were acquired. The counts of variants of interest identified in the Kid First data showed clear deviation in the validation dataset between BD patients with cancer and without cancer. Furthermore, a deep learning model was built to assess the predictive abilities in the 40 patients using variants of interest identified in the Kids First cohort as feature vectors. The accuracies are ~ 75%, with the noteworthy observation that variants mapped to non-coding regions provided the highest accuracy (31 out of 40 patients were labeled correctly).
Conclusion
We present for the first time a panorama of genetic variants that are associated with cancers in non-chromosomal BD patients, implying that our approach may potentially serve for the early detection of malignant tumors in patients with BD.
Collapse
|
6
|
Yen YT, Park JH, Kang SH, Su T, Cheng H, Wen WC, Lin SS, Tai YL, Chen PN, Tsai SC. Clinical Benefits of Golden-Antrodia Camphorata Containing Antroquinonol in Liver Protection and Liver Fat Reduction After Alcoholic Hepatitis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:757494. [PMID: 35800453 PMCID: PMC9253287 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.757494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: It has been reported that antroquinonol extracted from Golden-Antrodia camphorate exerts protective effects on liver function both in vitro and in vivo. However, the protective effects of Golden-Antrodia camphorata on liver function have not been fully investigated in human clinical studies. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of Golden-Antrodia camphorata on hepatic function after alcohol consumption in human subjects. Methods: A total of 80 participants with increased γ-glutamyl transferase levels (60–180 U/L) were enrolled in the current study and were randomly divided into two groups. Participants in the first group were orally administrated with 300 mg/day Golden-Antrodia camphorata (tablets), while those in the second group received placebo tablets for 12 weeks. Biochemical routine blood tests were performed at 6 and 12 weeks following the first administration. Results: At 12 weeks post the first Golden-Antrodia camphorata administration, the serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST; p < 0.0001), alanine aminotransferase (ALT; p = 0.0002) and triglyceride (p = 0.0158) were notably declined in the Golden-Antrodia camphorata treatment group compared with the placebo group. No clinically significant differences were observed between the Golden-Antrodia camphorata treatment and placebo groups in terms of general safety parameters. Conclusion: A statistically significant difference was obtained in the serum levels of AST, ALT and triglycerides between the Golden-Antrodia camphorata and placebo groups. However, no clinical significance was observed in any of the safety parameters examined. Overall, these findings indicated that treatment with Golden-Antrodia camphorata exerted protective effects on liver function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Yen
- Drug Development Center, Institute of New Drug Development, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Joo-Hyun Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kang
- Clinical Research Center of H PLUS Yangji Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Today Su
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Howard Cheng
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Che Wen
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Shiou Lin
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Tai
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ni Chen
- Golden Biotechnology Corporation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pei-Ni Chen, ; Shih-Chang Tsai,
| | - Shih-Chang Tsai
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Pei-Ni Chen, ; Shih-Chang Tsai,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Francesca F, Caitlin A, Sarah L, Robyn GL. Antroquinonol administration in animal preclinical studies for Alzheimer's disease (AD): A new avenue for modifying progression of AD pathophysiology. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 21:100435. [PMID: 35252893 PMCID: PMC8892093 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the rise of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in an ageing population, no cure is currently available for this disorder. This study assessed the role of a natural compound, Antroquinonol, in modifying the progression of AD when administered at the start and/or before appearance of symptoms and when the disease was well established, in a transgenic animal model. Antroquinonol was administered daily for 8 weeks, in 11 week (early stage) and 9 month (late stage) male transgenic mice (3 times Transgenic mice PS1M146V, APPSwe, and tauP301L, 3 Tg XAD) and their respective aged controls. Behavioural testing (including Elevated Plus Maze Watermaze, Recognition object testing and Y maze) was performed at the end of the drug administration. In addition AD biomarkers (Amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42), tau and phospho-tau levels), oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, were assessed in tested mice brains after their sacrifice at the end of the treatment. When administered before the start of symptoms at 11 weeks, Antroquinonol treatment at 34 mg/kg (D2) and more consistently at 75 mg/kg (D3), had a significant effect on reducing systemic inflammatory markers (Interleukin 1, IL-1β and TNF-α) and AD biomarker (Amyloid Beta 42, Aβ42 and tau) levels in the brain. The reduction of behavioural impairment reported for 3TgXAD mice was observed significantly for the D3 drug dose only and for all behavioural tests, when administered at 11 weeks. Similarly, beneficial effects of Antroquinonol (at higher dose D3) were noted in the transgenic mice in terms of AD biomarkers (tau and phosphorylated-tau), systemic inflammatory (IL-1β), brain anti-inflammatory (Nrf2) and oxidative (3-Nitrotyrosine, 3NT) markers. Improvement of memory impairment was also reported when Antroquinonol (D3) was administered at late stage (9 months). Since Antroquinonol has been used without adverse effects in previous successful clinical trials, this drug may offer a new avenue of treatment to modify AD development and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernandez Francesca
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rd, Banyo, Queensland, 4014, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Aust Caitlin
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rd, Banyo, Queensland, 4014, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Lye Sarah
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, 1100 Nudgee Rd, Banyo, Queensland, 4014, Australia
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
| | - Griffiths Lyn Robyn
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Medicine, Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 60 Musk Avenue, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia
- Corresponding author. Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health Genomics Research Centre, Queensland University of Technology, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang HL, Liu HW, Shrestha S, Thiyagarajan V, Huang HC, Hseu YC. Antrodia salmonea induces apoptosis and enhances cytoprotective autophagy in colon cancer cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15964-15989. [PMID: 34031264 PMCID: PMC8266357 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
A traditional Chinese medicinal fungus, Antrodia salmonea (AS), with antioxidant properties is familiar in Taiwan but anti-cancer activity of AS in human colon cancer is ambiguous. Hence, we explored the anti-cancer activity of AS in colon cancer cells. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay revealed that AS showed a remarkable effect on cell viability in colon cancer cells; SW620, HCT116, and HT29. Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) stained cells indicated that AS induced both early/late apoptosis in SW620 cells. Additionally, cells treated with AS induced caspase-3 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and Bcl-2 associated X (Bax)/B-cell lymphoma (Bcl-2) dysregulation. Microtubule- associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3B (LC3-II) accumulation, sequestosome 1 (p62/SQSTM1) activation, autophagy related 4B cysteine peptidase (ATG4B) inactivation, acidic vesicular organelles (AVOs) formation, and Beclin-1/Bcl-2 dysregulation revealed that AS-induced autophagy. Interestingly, cells pretreated with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) strengthened AS-induced caspase-3/apoptosis. Suppression of apoptosis by z-Val-Ala-Asp fluoromethyl ketone (Z-VAD-FMK) did not however block AS-induced autophagy, suggesting that autophagy was not attenuated by the AS-induced apoptosis. Application of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) prevented AS-induced cell death, caspase-3 activation, LC3-II accumulation, and AVOs formation, indicating that AS-induced apoptosis and autophagy was mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, AS-induced cytoprotective autophagy and apoptosis through extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascades. Moreover, in vivo data disclosed that AS inhibited colitis-associated tumorigenesis in azoxymethane (AOM)-dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-treated mice. For the first time, we report the anti-cancer properties of this potentially advantageous mushroom for the treatment of human colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Wen Liu
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sirjana Shrestha
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | | | - Hui-Chi Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lin TC, Germagian A, Liu Z. The NF-[Formula: see text]B Signaling and Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin Signaling in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells in Response to Bioactive Components from Mushroom Antrodia Camphorata. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 49:199-215. [PMID: 33371814 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cancer, accounting for approximately 15% cancer deaths in women worldwide. This study investigated the anti-inflammation and anticancer properties of two bioactive components from Antrodia camphorata(AC), a rare medicinal mushroom natively grown in Taiwan and commonly used in Chinese traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic functions of Antroquinonol (AQ) and 4-Acetylantroquinonol B (4-AAQB) from AC were examined on breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with/without TNF-[Formula: see text] stimulation. Among nine inflammatory mediators (IL6, IL10, IL1[Formula: see text], IFN[Formula: see text], PTGS2, TGF[Formula: see text]1, TNF-[Formula: see text], CCL2 andCSF1) examined, AQ inhibited two of them (IL-10 and PTGS2), while 4-AAQB inhibited three of them (IL-10, PTGS2 andTNF-[Formula: see text] ([Formula: see text]¡ 0.05). TNF-[Formula: see text] stimulated expressions of five mediators (IL6, IL10, IFN[Formula: see text], PTGS2, and CCL2), and AQ and 4-AAQB inhibited IL6 elevation ([Formula: see text]¡ 0.05). Both components inhibited aromatase expression with/without TNF-[Formula: see text] stimulation, with 4-AAQB to be more effective ([Formula: see text]¡ 0.05). For immune checkpoint CD47, both components inhibited CD47 expression ([Formula: see text]¡ 0.05), but it did not respond to TNF-[Formula: see text] stimulation. For Wnt/[Formula: see text]- catenin signaling downstream genes (CCND1, C-MYC and AXIN2), both components have significant or marginal inhibitory effect on C-MYC in the condition with/without TNF-[Formula: see text] stimulation. The luciferase assay demonstrated that both components exhibited inhibitory effect on NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling and Wnt/[Formula: see text]-catenin signaling in the condition without TNF-[Formula: see text] stimulation. In conclusion, our results displayed an overall pattern that AQ and 4-AAQB possess potential anti-inflammatory and antitumorigenic functions in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and warranted further in vivo pre-clinical and clinical studies to explore their anticancer properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Chun Lin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Alison Germagian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health and Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.,Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Molecular Insights into the Multifunctional Role of Natural Compounds: Autophagy Modulation and Cancer Prevention. Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8110517. [PMID: 33228222 PMCID: PMC7699596 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8110517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a vacuolar, lysosomal degradation pathway for injured and damaged protein molecules and organelles in eukaryotic cells, which is controlled by nutrients and stress responses. Dysregulation of cellular autophagy may lead to various diseases such as neurodegenerative disease, obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and malignancies. Recently, natural compounds have come to attention for being able to modulate the autophagy pathway in cancer prevention, although the prospective role of autophagy in cancer treatment is very complex and not yet clearly elucidated. Numerous synthetic chemicals have been identified that modulate autophagy and are favorable candidates for cancer treatment, but they have adverse side effects. Therefore, different phytochemicals, which include natural compounds and their derivatives, have attracted significant attention for use as autophagy modulators in cancer treatment with minimal side effects. In the current review, we discuss the promising role of natural compounds in modulating the autophagy pathway to control and prevent cancer, and provide possible therapeutic options.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hseu YC, Lin RW, Shen YC, Lin KY, Liao JW, Thiyagarajan V, Yang HL. Flavokawain B and Doxorubicin Work Synergistically to Impede the Propagation of Gastric Cancer Cells via ROS-Mediated Apoptosis and Autophagy Pathways. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092475. [PMID: 32882870 PMCID: PMC7564097 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among various kinds of treatment strategies for cancers, combination therapy has attracted significant attention due to its beneficial effects than the individual effects of the same compounds. Based on this idea, this study has investigated the synergistic effects of combination treatment of a natural anti-cancer agent flavokawain B (FKB) and a chemotherapeutic agent Doxorubicin on human gastric cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms were deciphered through in vitro and in vivo approaches. Experimental data obtained in this study provided promising application prospects of FKB + Doxrubicin combination treatment in human gastric cancer cells. Abstract Chalcone flavokawain B (FKB) possesses a chemopreventive and anti-cancer activity. Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic DNA intercalating agent widely used in malignancy treatment. The present study investigated whether synergistic effects exist between the combination of FKB (1.25–5 µg/mL) and doxorubicin (0.5 µg/mL) on the apoptosis and autophagy in human gastric cancer (AGS) cells, and the possible in vitro and in vivo mechanisms. The MTT assay measured cell viability. Various apoptotic-, autophagy-associated protein expression was determined by the Western blot technique. FKB+doxorubicin synergy was estimated by the Chou-Talalay combination index (CI) method. In vivo studies were performed on BALB/c mice. Results showed that compared to FKB/doxorubicin treatments, low doses of FKB+doxorubicin suppressed AGS cell growth. FKB potentiated doxorubicin-induced DNA fragmentation, apoptotic cell death, and enhanced doxorubicin-mediated mitochondrial, death receptor pathways. FKB+doxorubicin activated increased LC3-II accumulation, p62/SQSTM1 expression, and AVO formation as compared to the FKB/doxorubicin alone treatments indicating autophagy in these cells. The death mechanism in FKB+doxorubicin-treated AGS cells is due to the activation of autophagy. FKB+doxorubicin-mediated dysregulated Bax/Bcl-2, Beclin-1/Bcl-2 ratios suggested apoptosis, autophagy induction in AGS cells. FKB+doxorubicin-induced LC3-II/AVOs downregulation was suppressed due to an apoptotic inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK. Whereas, 3-methyladenine/chloroquine weakened FKB+doxorubicin-induced apoptosis (decreased DNA fragmentation/caspase-3). Activation of ERK/JNK may be involved in FKB+doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and autophagy. FKB+doxorubicin-triggered ROS generation, but NAC attenuated FKB+doxorubicin-induced autophagic (LC3 accumulation) and apoptotic (caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage) cell death. FKB+doxorubicin blocked gastric cancer cell xenografts in nude mice in vivo as compared to FKB/doxorubicin alone treatments. FKB and doxorubicin wielded synergistic anti-tumor effects in gastric cancer cells and is a promising therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Wan Lin
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-W.L.); (Y.-C.S.)
| | - Yi-Chun Shen
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-W.L.); (Y.-C.S.)
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71004, Taiwan;
- Department of Biotechnology, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 71004, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan;
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-2206-2891 (H.-L.Y.)
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (R.-W.L.); (Y.-C.S.)
- Correspondence: (V.T.); (H.-L.Y.); Tel.: +886-4-2205-3366 (ext. 7503) (H.-L.Y.); Fax: +886-4-2206-2891 (H.-L.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kong ZL, He JL, Sudirman S, Kuo MT, Miao S, Chang KLB, Tsou D. Nanoparticles of Antroquinonol-Rich Extract from Solid-State-Cultured Antrodia cinnamomea Improve Reproductive Function in Diabetic Male Rats. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4191-4203. [PMID: 32606672 PMCID: PMC7305344 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s252885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To characterize the nanoparticle of antroquinonol from A. cinnamomea and its ameliorative effects on the reproductive dysfunction in the diabetic male rat. Material and Methods The chitosan-silicate nanoparticle was used as the carrier for the delivery of antroquinonol from solid-state-cultured A. cinnamomea extract (AC). The rats were fed with a high-fat diet and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes. The rats were daily oral gavage by water [Diabetes (DM) and Control groups], three different doses of chitosan-silicate nanoparticle of antroquinonol from solid-state-cultured A. cinnamomea (nano-SAC, NAC): (DM+NAC1x, 4 mg/kg of body weight; DM+NAC2x, 8 mg/kg; and DM+NAC5x, 20 mg/kg), solid-state-cultured AC (DM+AC5x, 20 mg/kg), or metformin (DM+Met, 200 mg/kg) for 7 weeks. Results The nano-SAC size was 37.68±5.91 nm, the zeta potential was 4.13±0.49 mV, encapsulation efficiency was 79.29±0.77%, and loading capacity was 32.45±0.02%. The nano-SAC can improve diabetes-induced reproductive dysfunction by regulating glucose, insulin, and oxidative enzyme and by increasing the level of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and sperm count as well as sperm mobility. In testicular histopathology, the seminiferous tubules of A. cinnamomea-supplemented diabetic rats showed similar morphology with the control group. Conclusion The nanoparticle of antroquinonol from Antrodia cinnamomea can be used as an effective strategy to improve diabetes-induced testicular dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zwe-Ling Kong
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ling He
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Sabri Sudirman
- Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sriwijaya, Palembang, Ogan Ilir Regency, Indonesia
| | | | - Song Miao
- Teagasc Food Research Center, Moorepark, Co. Cork, Ireland
| | - Ke-Liang B Chang
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - David Tsou
- Department of Food Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung City, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Shang Y, Wang Q, Li J, Zhao Q, Huang X, Dong H, Liu H, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Gui R, Nie X. The Acetone Indigo Red Dehydrating Agent IF203 Induces HepG2 Cell Death Through Cell Cycle Arrest, Autophagy and Apoptosis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:473-486. [PMID: 32021291 PMCID: PMC6970269 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Isatin derivatives have extensive biological activities, such as antitumor. IF203, a novel isatin derivative, has not previously been reported to have antitumor activity. Methods Acid phosphatase assays (APAs) and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry were used to detect the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was applied to detect ultrastructural changes. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) of HepG2 cells in vitro. TUNEL, MMP and ROS immunofluorescence assays were applied to assess apoptosis, MMP, and ROS of HepG2 cells in vivo. Western Blotting was applied to assess the levels of apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins. Results In this study, in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that IF203 possesses antitumor activity. The results of APAs and Ki-67 immunohistochemistry demonstrated that IF203 could inhibit the proliferation of HepG2 cells. Cell cycle assays, downregulation of Cyclin B1 and Cdc2, and upregulation of P53 suggested that IF203 could lead to G2/M cell cycle arrest. In addition, ultrastructural changes, apoptosis assays, TUNEL immunofluorescence results, upregulated expression of Bax, and downregulated expression of Bcl-2 suggest that IF203 can induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. After IF203 treatment, intracellular ROS levels increased, MMP decreased, JC-1 green fluorescence was enhanced, and the levels of Caspase-9, Caspase-3 and Cytochrome C expression were upregulated, suggesting that IF203 could induce apoptosis of HepG2 cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Moreover, characteristic apoptotic ultrastructural changes were accompanied by the appearance of many autophagy bubbles and upregulation of Atg5, Atg12, ULK1, Beclin-1 and LC3-II proteins, suggesting that IF203 could induce autophagy in HepG2 cells. Conclusion This study showed that IF203 leads to the death of HepG2 cells through cell cycle arrest, apoptotic induction, and autophagy promotion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghui Shang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiangqiang Zhao
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueyuan Huang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang Dong
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiting Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinmin Nie
- Clinical Laboratory of the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
He C, Zhang G, Ouyang H, Zhang P, Chen Y, Wang R, Zhou H. Effects of β2/aβ2 on oxLDL-induced CD36 activation in THP-1 macrophages. Life Sci 2019; 239:117000. [PMID: 31654747 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS β2-glycoprotein I/anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibody complex (β2/aβ2) could promote oxLDL-induced endothelial inflammation through Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), therefore accelerates atherosclerosis in patients with anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS). However, effects of β2/aβ2 and TLR4 on oxLDL-induced CD36 activation in macrophages remain to be elucidated and are currently under investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS THP-1 macrophages with or without the pre-treatment of TAK-242, a TLR4 inhibitor, were treated with RPMI 1640, oxLDL, oxLDL+β2/aβ2 or oxLDL + LPS.CD36 expression and subsequent intracellular lipid accumulation, cholesterol-transportation-related proteins (ACAT1, ABCG1 and ABCA1) expression, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6) secretion, focal adhesion kinases (FAK) activation and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) expression by these THP-1 macrophages were evaluated. Moreover, effects of TLR4 on oxLDL+β2/aβ2-induced peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) expression and CD36 translocation have also been observed. KEY FINDINGS Compared with oxLDL-treated ones, CD36 expression, intracellular lipid accumulation and FAK activation were inhibited, whereas the levels of inflammatory cytokines and MMPs were upregulated in THP-1 macrophages treated with oxLDL+β2/aβ2 (p < 0.05). Moreover, observed differences between oxLDL-treated and oxLDL+β2/aβ2-treated THP-1 macrophages could be reversed by TAK-242 pre-treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, oxLDL+β2/aβ2 promoted PPAR-γ expression and CD36 cytoplasmic translocation in THP-1 macrophages, these effects could also be attenuated by TAK-242 (p < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Through a TLR4 dependent manner, β2/aβ2 inhibited oxLDL-induced CD36 expression, lipid accumulation and FAK activation, while promoted inflammatory cytokines and MMPs expression in THP-1 macrophages, indicating the novel dual roles played by β2/aβ2 in APS-related atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Guiting Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Hang Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Yudan Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Ren Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Hematology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang C, Zhang W, Wong JH, Ng T, Ye X. Diversity of potentially exploitable pharmacological activities of the highly prized edible medicinal fungus Antrodia camphorata. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7843-7867. [PMID: 31407039 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Antrodia camphorata, also known as A. cinnamomea, is a precious medicinal basidiomycete fungus endemic to Taiwan. This article summarizes the recent advances in research on the multifarious pharmacological effects of A. camphorata. The mushroom exhibits anticancer activity toward a large variety of cancers including breast, cervical, ovarian, prostate, bladder, colorectal, pancreatic, liver, and lung cancers; melanoma; leukemia; lymphoma; neuroblastoma; and glioblastoma. Other activities encompass antiinflammatory, antiatopic dermatitis, anticachexia, immunoregulatory, antiobesity, antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, antiatherosclerotic, antihypertensive, antiplatelet, antioxidative, antiphotodamaging, hepatoprotective, renoprotective, neuroprotective, testis protecting, antiasthmatic, osteogenic, osteoprotective, antiviral, antibacterial, and wound healing activities. This review aims to provide a reference for further development and utilization of this highly prized mushroom.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzibun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiujuan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China. .,Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China. .,Fujian Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Virology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, Fujian, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zong D, Jiang N, Xu JH, Wang DJ, Zhu HF, Wu LR, Chen C, Yin L, He X. ZNF488 is an independent prognostic indicator in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and promotes cell adhesion and proliferation via collagen IV/FAK/AKT/Cyclin D1 pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:5871-5882. [PMID: 31303793 PMCID: PMC6605772 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: ZNF488 acts as an oncogene which promotes cell invasion and endows tumor cells stem cell capacity in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics and patients' survival in NPC remain undefined. Methods: In this study, 158 cases of confirmed NPC were subjected to immunohistochemistry staining for evaluating endogenous expression. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to estimate the survival rates. The relationship between ZNF488 and clinicopathological characteristics was statistically calculated by chi-squared test, univariate and multivariate analysis. In addition, adhesion assay, MTT and colony formation assays were performed for measuring adhesion and proliferation capacity. Cell cycle analysis via flow cytometry was conducted to explore cell cycle distribution. Western blot was used to detect pathway protein levels, and the pFAK (Y397) kit was used for focal adhesion kinase (FAK) activation. Results: We demonstrated that high expression of ZNF488 was significantly correlated with locoregional failure (P=0.018) and distant metastasis (P=0.001). Patients with high ZNF488 expression had poorer overall survival (P<0.001), loco-regional recurrence-free survival (P<0.001), distance metastasis-free survival (P<0.001) and progression-free survival (P<0.001) than those with low ZNF488 group. Multivariate analysis showed that ZNF488 expression was an independent prognostic indicator for predicting NPC patients' survival (HR, 3.314; 95% CI, 1.489-7.386; P=0.003). Additionally, ZNF488-induced collagen IV/FAK/AKT to enhance adhesion ability meanwhile led to the upregulation of Cyclin D1 to facilitate cell proliferation through promoting cell cycle progression and inhibition of apoptosis through caspase-independent way. Conclusion: These results reveal that ZNF488, as an independent prognostic indicator, promotes cell adhesion and proliferation through collagen IV/FAK/AKT/Cyclin D1 pathway in NPC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zong
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Hua Xu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - De-Jun Wang
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan-Feng Zhu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Rong Wu
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yin
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia He
- Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chou KCC, Wu HL, Lin PY, Yang SH, Chang TL, Sheu F, Chen KH, Chiang BH. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid serves as an endogenous ring precursor for antroquinonol biosynthesis in Antrodia cinnamomea. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2019; 161:97-106. [PMID: 30822625 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antrodia cinnamomea, an endemic fungus species of Taiwan, has long been used as a luxurious dietary supplement to enhance liver functions and as a remedy for various cancers. Antroquinonol (AQ), identified from the mycelium of A. cinnamomea, is currently in phase II clinical trials in the USA and Taiwan for the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. In the previous studies, we have demonstrated that AQ and 4-acetylantroquinonol B (4-AAQB) utilize orsellinic acid, via polyketide pathway, as the ring precursor, and their biosynthetic sequences are similar to those of coenzyme Q. In order to test 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-HBA), synthesized via shikimate pathway, is the ring precursor of AQ analogs, the strategy of metabolic labeling with stable isotopes was applied in this study. Here we have confirmed that 4-HBA serves as the ring precursor for AQ but not a precursor of 4-AAQB. Experimental results indicated that A. cinnamomea preferentially utilizes endogenous 4-HBA via shikimate pathway for AQ biosynthesis. Exogenous tyrosine and phenylalanine can be utilized for AQ biosynthesis when shikimate pathway is blocked by glyphosate. The benzoquinone ring of 4-AAQB is synthesized only via polyketide pathway, but that of AQ is synthesized via both polyketide pathway and shikimate pathway. The precursor-products relationships diagram of AQ and 4-AAQB in A. cinnamomea are proposed based on the experimental findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chi-Chung Chou
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC; Joint Center for Instruments and Researches, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiang-Lin Wu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Yin Lin
- Joint Center for Instruments and Researches, College of Bioresources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shang-Han Yang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Fuu Sheu
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Hsien Chen
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Been-Huang Chiang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hseu YC, Huang YC, Thiyagarajan V, Mathew DC, Lin KY, Chen SC, Liu JY, Hsu LS, Li ML, Yang HL. Anticancer activities of chalcone flavokawain B from Alpinia pricei Hayata in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells via induction of reactive oxygen species-mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17514-17526. [PMID: 30847898 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chalcones found in fruits and vegetables have promising cancer chemopreventive properties. This study attempts to identify the anticancer efficacies of chalcone flavokawain B (FKB) in the rhizomes of Alpinia pricei Hayata by examining key molecular events in non-small-cell lung cancer (A549) cells. Our results indicated that in human A549 cells, FKB (0-15 μg/ml) decreases cell viability and colony formation, dysregulates the Bax:B-cell lymphoma 2 ratio and increases apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Mitochondrial (caspase-9/-3 and poly ADP ribose polymerase [PARP]) signaling was found to be involved in FKB-induced apoptosis. In addition, FKB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and N-acetylcysteine attenuated FKB-induced apoptotic cell death. Moreover, FKB triggered autophagy, as evidenced by the improved acidic vesicular organelle formation, lipidated light chain 3 (microtubule-related light chain 3) accumulation, and ATG7 expression and the decreased mammalian target of rapamycin phosphorylation. Furthermore, FKB suppressed ROS-mediated ATG4B expression. Inhibiting autophagy using 3-methyladenine/chloroquine diminished FKB-induced cell death, indicating that autophagy is triggered as a death mechanism by FKB. In summary, FKB has a crucial role in the execution and propagation of ROS-mediated apoptotic and autophagic cell death of lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Huang
- Department of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dony Chacko Mathew
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Ching Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Li
- Department of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Department of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xia Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Zhou X, Wang Z, Wang G, Xiong Z, Ai L. Enhancement of antroquinonol production during batch fermentation using pH control coupled with an oxygen vector. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:449-456. [PMID: 29900550 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antroquinonol, a ubiquinone derivative that shows anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities, is produced during solid-state fermentation of Antrodia camphorata; however, it cannot be biosynthesized via conventional submerged fermentation. RESULTS A method for enhancing the biosynthesis of antroquinonol by controlling pH and adding an oxygen vector in a 7 L bioreactor was studied. In shake-flask experiments, a maximum antroquinonol production of 31.39 ± 0.78 mg L-1 was obtained by fermentation with adding 0.2 g L-1 coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0 ), at the 96th hour. Following kinetic analysis of the fermentation process, pH control strategies were investigated. A maximum antroquinonol production of 86.47 ± 3.65 mg L-1 was achieved when the pH was maintained at 5.0, which exhibited an increase of 348.03% higher than the batch without pH regulation (19.30 ± 0.88 mg L-1 ). The conversion rate of CoQ0 improved from 1.51% to 20.20%. Further research revealed that the addition of n-tetradecane could increase the production of antroquinonol to 115.62 ± 4.87 mg L-1 by increasing the dissolved oxygen in the fermentation broth. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that pH played an important role in antroquinonol synthesis in the presence of the effective precursor CoQ0 . It was a very effective strategy to increase the yield of antroquinonol by controlling pH and adding oxygen vector. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Xia
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaochu Wang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xiong
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chen JR, Ko J, Yeh WJ, Huang WC, Yang HY. Renoprotective Effects of Antroquinonol in Rats with N ω-Nitro-l-Arginine Methyl Ester-Induced Hypertension. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101521. [PMID: 30336562 PMCID: PMC6212859 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction leads to elevation of blood pressure and vascular remodeling, which may result in tissue injuries. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms and effects of antroquinonol on hypertension and related renal injuries. Rats were fed water containing 25 mg/kg/day Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to induce hypertension, and a diet with or without antroquinonol (20 or 40 mg/kg/day) for a 9-week experiment. During the experimental period, antroquinonol reduced the elevation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. At the end of the study, we found that the antroquinonol groups had lower serum creatinine, renal endothelin-1, angiotensin II, and malondialdehyde levels and arteriole thickening. We found that the 40 mg/kg/day antroquinonol group had lower renal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activities, greater nuclear factor erythroid-2, and heme oxygenase-1 expressions. Moreover, we also found that antroquinonol decreased proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in the kidney by modulating the nuclear factor-κB pathway. These results suggest that antroquinonol may ameliorate hypertension and improve renal function by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiun-Rong Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sceinces, School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Jung Ko
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sceinces, School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
| | - Wan-Ju Yeh
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chih Huang
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan.
- College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Yi Yang
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liang T, Wang X, Li P, Cao Y, Feng E, You G. HOXC8: a predictive glioma biomarker that induces epithelia-mesenchymal transition. Chin Neurosurg J 2018; 4:24. [PMID: 32922885 PMCID: PMC7398260 DOI: 10.1186/s41016-018-0132-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transcription factor Homeobox C8 (HOXC8) is overexpressed and regulates many important genes involved in the proliferation and invasion of many malignant tumors. However, the function of HOXC8 in gliomas remains unclear. METHOD Based on the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) set, HOXC8 expression is negatively correlated with overall survival (OS). Small interfering RNA (si-HOXC8) was used to downregulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of HOXC8 to assess glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. RESULTS Patients with higher HOXC8 levels showed poorer prognosis. DAVID analysis results indicated that HOXC8 was related to cell cycle, cell adhesion and immune response. In U251 and LN229 glioma cells treated with small interfering RNA for HOXC8 (si-HOXC8) for gene knockdown, significantly lower cell capacity of growth, migration and invasion was observed. Moreover, HOXC8 knockdown could reduce the protein expression of classical epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers. CONCLUSION HOXC8 may play an important role in glioma proliferation, migration and invasion. These findings indicated that HOXC8 may constitute a novel target for glioma treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020 China
| | | | - Peiliang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Enshan Feng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020 China
| | - Gan You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 6 TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
- Department of Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 6 TiantanXili, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100050 China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang HL, Lin RW, Rajendran P, Mathew DC, Thigarajan V, Lee CC, Hsu CJ, Hseu YC. Antrodia salmonea-induced oxidative stress abrogates HER-2 signaling cascade and enhanced apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3029-3042. [PMID: 30146791 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antrodia salmonea is well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicinal fungus and has demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. However, the anticancer activity of A. salmonea against human ovarian cancer is still elusive. Therefore, we investigated the antiovarian tumor activity of a fermented culture broth of A. salmonea and exhibits its underlying molecular mechanism. A. salmonea shows a significant effect on cell viability in human ovarian carcinoma (SKOV-3 or A2780) cell lines with an 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling-positive cells and annexin V-propidium iodide stained cells indicate that A. salmonea induces late apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells. Notably, treatment with A. salmonea induced the following events: Apoptosis; caspase-3, -8, -9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activation; first apoptosis signal (Fas) and Fas ligand activation; Bid cleavage; and Bax2-B-cell lymphoma 2 dysregulation. The results show that A. salmonea-induced apoptosis was mediated by both mitochondrial and death receptor pathways. An increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also observed in A. salmonea-treated cells, whereas the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) prevented A. salmonea-induced cell death and DNA fragmentation, indicating that A. salmonea-induced apoptosis was mediated by ROS generation. Interestingly, A. salmonea-induced apoptosis is associated with the suppression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2/neu) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) expression in HER-2/neu overexpressing SKOV-3 cells. NAC significantly prevented A. salmonea-induced HER-2/neu depletion and PI3K/AKT inactivation, indicating that A. salmonea-triggered apoptosis is mediated by ROS-inhibited HER-2/neu signaling cascades. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the anticancer activity of this potentially beneficial mushroom against human ovarian carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Ling Yang
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Wan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Peramaiyan Rajendran
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dony Chacko Mathew
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Varadharajan Thigarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chen Lee
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jung Hsu
- Department of Dermatology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bonturi CR, Motaln H, Silva MCC, Salu BR, de Brito MV, de Andrade Luz Cost L, Torquato HFV, Nunes NNDS, Paredes-Gamero EJ, Turnšek TL, Oliva MLV. Could a plant derived protein potentiate the anticancer effects of a stem cell in brain cancer? Oncotarget 2018; 9:21296-21312. [PMID: 29765540 PMCID: PMC5940364 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain tumor with poor overall survival bellow 2 years. The natural compounds with anti-cancer properties, are thus gaining attention for possible adjuvant GBM treatment. In various cancer models Enterolobium contortisiliquum Trypsin Inhibitor (EcTI) proved to have anti-cancer effects. Here, we investigated the EcTI effects on GBM U87 cells and on mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) compared to their direct coculture (MSC/U87). MSC are present in tumor stroma, modulating GBM cells phenotype, and also represent potential drug delivery vehicle due to their tumor tropism. We showed that in p53-wild type U87 cells, metabolic activity was less affected by EcTI as in MSC monocuture, but the metabolic rate of mixed coculture was significantly reduced at lower EcTI concentration. Under coculture condition, EcTI potentiated MSC induced cell cycle arrest, possible due to highly increased p53, p21 and lower D1 expression, but there was no effect on apoptosis. Accordingly, in the coculture EcTI also enhanced Ca2+ signalling mediated via bradykinin receptor 2, being associated with nitric oxide release that highly impaired proliferation and invasion. The mechanism did not seem to involve changes in cell adhesion but rather it down-regulated the β1 integrin signaling with associated p-FAK in U87 cells, both supporting inhibition of invasion. Finally, some cytokines were down-regulated, indicating that EcTI inhibition of signalling might be mediated by cytokines. In conclusion, these results indicate that in cocultured MSC/U87 cells EcTI impairs the metabolic activity, proliferation, and reduced invasion, possibly associated with observed cytokines secretion. In this context, we confirmed that the plant derived protein potentiated the anticancer effects, induced by MSC, as represented by GBM U87 cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camila Ramalho Bonturi
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Motaln
- Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology Department, National Institute of Biology, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Bruno Ramos Salu
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Marlon Vilela de Brito
- Biochemistry Department, Federal University of São Paulo, 04044-020, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Tamara Lah Turnšek
- Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology Department, National Institute of Biology, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Thiyagarajan V, Lee KW, Leong MK, Weng CF. Potential natural mTOR inhibitors screened by in silico approach and suppress hepatic stellate cells activation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:4220-4234. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1411295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Wei Lee
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Max K. Leong
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Shoufeng, Hualien, 97401, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang BB, Hu PF, Huang J, Hu YD, Chen L, Xu GR. Current Advances on the Structure, Bioactivity, Synthesis, and Metabolic Regulation of Novel Ubiquinone Derivatives in the Edible and Medicinal Mushroom Antrodia cinnamomea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:10395-10405. [PMID: 29125753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, Antrodia cinnamomea has attracted great attention around the world as an extremely precious edible and medicinal mushroom. Ubiquinone derivatives, which are characteristic metabolites of A. cinnamomea, have shown great bioactivities. Some of them have been regarded as promising therapeutic agents and approved into clinical trial by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Although some excellent reviews have been published covering different aspects of A. cinnamomea, this review brings, for the first time, complete information about the structure, bioactivity, chemical synthesis, biosynthesis, and metabolic regulation of ubiquinone derivatives in A. cinnamomea. It not only advances our knowledge on the bioactive metabolites, especially the ubiquinone derivatives, in A. cinnamomea but also provides valuable information for the investigation on other edible and medicinal mushrooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng-Fei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Dan Hu
- Yunnan Institute of Food Safety, Kunming University of Science and Technology , Kunming, Yunnan 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan-Rong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University , Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
ANGPTL-4 induces diabetic retinal inflammation by activating Profilin-1. Exp Eye Res 2017; 166:140-150. [PMID: 29031854 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), the most common cause of irreversible blindness in working-age adults, results in central vision loss that is caused by microvascular damage to the inner lining of the back of the eye, the retina. The aim of this work was to assess the temporal relationships between angiopoietin-like protein-4 (ANGPTL-4), a novel adipocytokine factor, and diabetic retinal inflammation and microvascular dysfunction. The downstream pathway(s) and upstream mediator(s) of ANGPTL-4 were then determined under high glucose (HG) conditions. Diabetic rats and control animals were randomly assigned to receive hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) blockade (doxorubicin or shRNA) or vehicle for 8 weeks. Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were incubated with normal or high glucose, with or without blockade or recombinant proteins, for ANGPTL-4, HIF-1α, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The levels of ANGPTL-4, profilin-1, HIF-1α, VEGF, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, and intercellular adherent molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the rat retinas and HRMEC extracts were examined by Western blotting and real-time RT-PCR. The levels of ANGPTL-4, profilin-1, HIF-1α, and VEGF protein and mRNA were significantly higher in the diabetic rats and HG-exposed HRMECs. ANGPTL-4 was a potent modulator of increased inflammation, permeability, and angiogenesis via activation of the profilin-1 signaling pathway. Our results showed that ANGPTL-4 upregulation was induced by HG, which was dependent on HIF-1α activation that was also triggered by HG, both in vivo and in vitro. Our results suggest that targeting ANGPTL-4, alone or in combination with profilin-1, may be an effective therapeutic strategy and diagnostic screening biomarker for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and other vitreous-retinal inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
|
27
|
CoQ 0-induced mitochondrial PTP opening triggers apoptosis via ROS-mediated VDAC1 upregulation in HL-60 leukemia cells and suppresses tumor growth in athymic nude mice/xenografted nude mice. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:301-322. [PMID: 28918503 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Coenzyme Q (CoQ) analogs with variable numbers of isoprenoid units have been demonstrated as anticancer and antioxidant/pro-oxidant molecules. This study examined the in vitro and in vivo antitumor and apoptosis activities of CoQ0 (2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone, zero isoprenoid side-chains) through upregulation of the Voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) signaling pathway on human promyelocytic leukemia. CoQ0 (0-40 μg/mL) treatment significantly reduced HL-60 cell viability, and up-regulated mitochondrial VDAC1 expression. CoQ0 treatment triggers intracellular ROS generation, calcium release, ΔΨm collapse and PTP opening in HL-60 cells. CoQ0 treatment induced apoptosis, which was associated with DNA fragmentation, cytochrome c release, caspase-3 and PARP activation, and Bax/Bcl-2 dysregulation. Annexin V-PI staining indicated that CoQ0 promotes late apoptosis. Furthermore, the blockade of CoQ0-induced ROS production by antioxidant NAC pretreatment substantially attenuated CoQ0-induced apoptosis. The activation of p-GSK3β expression, cyclophilin D inhibition, and p53 activation through ROS are involved in CoQ0-induced HL-60 apoptotic cell death. Notably, ROS-independent p38 activation is involved in CoQ0-mediated apoptosis in HL-60 cells. In addition, the silencing of VDAC1 also prevented CoQ0-induced mitochondrial translocation of Bax, activation of caspase-3, and reduction in Bcl-2. Intriguingly, VDAC1 silencing did not prevent ROS production induced by CoQ0, which in turn indicates that CoQ0 induced ROS-mediated VDAC1 and then mitochondrial apoptosis in HL-60 cells. In vivo results revealed that CoQ0 is effective in delaying tumor incidence and reducing the tumor burden in HL-60-xenografted nude mice. Taken together, CoQ0 could be a promising anticancer agent for the treatment of human promyelocytic leukemia through upregulation of VDAC1 signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang HL, Thiyagarajan V, Liao JW, Chu YL, Chang CT, Huang PJ, Hsu CJ, Hseu YC. Toona sinensis Inhibits Murine Leukemia WEHI-3 Cells and Promotes Immune Response In Vivo. Integr Cancer Ther 2017; 16:308-318. [PMID: 27151590 PMCID: PMC5759945 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416642863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Toona sinensis (TS) is one of the most popular vegetarian dishes in Taiwan. It has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, antiangiogenic, antiatherosclerotic, and anticancer properties. In this study, we demonstrated the ability of aqueous leaf extracts from TS to promote immune responses in BALB/c mice and to exhibit anti-leukemia activity in murine WEHI-3 cells. BALB/c mice were injected intravenously with WEHI-3 cells and then treated orally with TS (50 mg/kg). In vivo study showed that TS treatment reduced liver and spleen enlargement in WEHI-3 bearing mice compared with the untreated group. Furthermore, TS also decreased white blood cells (WBC), indicating inhibition of differentiation of the precursor of macrophages in WEHI-3 bearing mice. Treatment of WEHI-3 cells with TS (0-75 μg/mL for 24 hours) significantly reduced cell viability. Furthermore, TS treatment-induced late apoptosis was confirmed by Annexin-V/PI staining. Western blot analyses revealed that treatment of WEHI-3 cells with TS statistically increased the protein expression level of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm and activates caspase-3. Notably, TS treatment caused a dramatic reduction in Bcl-2 and increase in Bax protein levels. TS may disturb the Bcl-2 and Bax protein ratio and induce apoptosis. This reports confirms the antitumor activity of this nutritious vegetable potentially against leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yu-Lin Chu
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | - You-Cheng Hseu
- China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hseu YC, Chao YH, Lin KY, Way TD, Lin HY, Thiyagarajan V, Yang HL. Antrodia camphorata inhibits metastasis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via the modulation of claudin-1 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in human colon cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 208:72-83. [PMID: 28688953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Antrodia camphorata (AC) is a well known traditional Chinese medicinal mushroom in Taiwan, has been used to treat various diseases including cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we investigated the anti-metastatic and anti-EMT properties of a fermented culture broth of AC in human colon SW480claudin-1- and metastatic SW620claudin-1+ cancer cells in vitro. RESULTS AC down-regulates claudin-1 and inhibits the proliferation and colony-formation abilities of both SW620claudin-1+ and SW480claudin-1- cells. In highly metastatic SW620claudin-1+ cells, non-cytotoxic concentrations of AC significantly inhibited migration/invasion, accompanied by the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. AC decreased nuclear translocation of Wnt/β-catenin through a GSK3β-dependent pathway. AC consistently inhibited EMT by up-regulating the epithelial and downregulating the mesenchymal marker proteins. In SW480claudin-1- cells, AC suppressed migration/invasion potentially through the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathways without altering the expression levels of β-catenin and GSK3β proteins. CONCLUSION Altogether, this study demonstrates the anti-metastatic and anti-EMT activities of AC, which may contribute to the development of a chemopreventive agent for colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsien Chao
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 710, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Der Way
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Woo JK, Jung HJ, Park JY, Kang JH, Lee BI, Shin D, Nho CW, Cho SY, Seong JK, Oh SH. Daurinol blocks breast and lung cancer metastasis and development by inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Oncotarget 2017; 8:57058-57071. [PMID: 28915654 PMCID: PMC5593625 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
FAK overexpression has been reported in diverse primary and metastatic tumor tissues, supporting its pro-tumorigenic and pro-metastatic roles. Therefore, we have developed a neo-treatment strategy using daurinol to effectively treat cancer metastasis. Daurinol blocked cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and exhibited anti-metastatic activity in an experimental metastasis model of breast and lung cancer. Daurinol selectively inhibited phosphorylation of FAK at Tyr925, Tyr576/577, and Tyr397 sites in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Daurinol effectively suppressed migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 and A549 cancer cells. These data were associated with inhibition of expression and secretion of invasion factors, including matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2, MMP9, and urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA). Consistent with these in vitro results, daurinol (10 mg/kg; Oral gavage) effectively inhibited breast and lung cancer metastasis in a mouse model. In addition, daurinol showed strong suppressive activity of cell survival as revealed by colony formation assays. Analysis of cellular phenotypes revealed that inhibition of FAK phosphorylation in cancer cells limited colony formation, cell migration, and invasion, thereby reducing the cell proliferation rate. Furthermore, daurinol significantly reduced tumor development in 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)/benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-treated A/J mice. Our results suggest that daurinol suppresses lung metastasis through inhibition of migration and survival via blockade of FAK activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kyu Woo
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea.,Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Jung
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Park
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Kang
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Il Lee
- National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - DongYun Shin
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chu Won Nho
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung Institute, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Cho
- National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Je Kyung Seong
- Korea Mouse Phenotyping Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Oh
- Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Zha GF, Qin HL, Youssif BG, Amjad MW, Raja MAG, Abdelazeem AH, Bukhari SNA. Discovery of potential anticancer multi-targeted ligustrazine based cyclohexanone and oxime analogs overcoming the cancer multidrug resistance. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 135:34-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
32
|
Chang CT, Hseu YC, Thiyagarajan V, Huang HC, Hsu LS, Huang PJ, Liu JY, Liao JW, Yang HL. Antrodia salmonea induces G 2 cell-cycle arrest in human triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells and suppresses tumor growth in athymic nude mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 196:9-19. [PMID: 27986611 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Antrodia salmonea (AS), is a well-known folk medicinal mushroom in Taiwan, has been reported to exhibit anti-oxidant, anti-angiogenic, and anti-inflammatory effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we examined the effects of AS on cell-cycle arrest in vitro in MDA-MB-231 cells and on tumor regression in vivo using an athymic nude mice model. RESULTS AS (0-200μg/mL) treatment significantly induced G2 cell-cycle arrest in MDA-MB-231 cells by reducing the levels of cyclin B1, cyclin A, cyclin E, and CDC2 proteins. In addition, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment prevented AS induced G2 cell-cycle arrest, indicating that ROS accumulation and subsequent cell cycle arrest might be a major mechanism of AS-induced cytotoxicity. Further, AS treatment decreased COX-2 expression and induced PARP cleavage was significantly reversed by NAC pretreatment in MDA-MB-231 cells. The in vivo study results revealed that AS treatment was effective in terms of delaying the tumor incidence and reducing the tumor growth in MDA-MB-231-xenografted nude mice. TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting confirmed that AS significantly modulated the xenografted tumor progression as demonstrated by induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and cell-cycle arrest. CONCLUSION Our data strongly suggest that Antrodia salmonea could be an anti-cancer agent for human breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ting Chang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- Department of Cosmeceutics,Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Cosmeceutics,Cosmeceutics, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Huang
- School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, 40402 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jane Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Wang Liao
- Graduate Institute of Veterinary Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yang
- Institute of Nutrition, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lin HC, Lin MH, Liao JH, Wu TH, Lee TH, Mi FL, Wu CH, Chen KC, Cheng CH, Lin CW. Antroquinonol, a Ubiquinone Derivative from the Mushroom Antrodia camphorata, Inhibits Colon Cancer Stem Cell-like Properties: Insights into the Molecular Mechanism and Inhibitory Targets. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:51-59. [PMID: 27997180 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antroquinonol (ANQ) is a ubiquinone derivative from the unique mushroom Antrodia camphorata, which exhibits broad-spectrum bioactivities. The effects of ANQ on cancer stem cell-like properties in colon cancer, however, remain unclear. In this study, we found that ANQ inhibited growth of colon cancer cells. The 50% growth inhibitions (GI50) of ANQ on HCT15 and LoVo were 34.8 ± 0.07 and 17.9 ± 0.07 μM. Moreover, ANQ exhibited inhibitory activities toward migration/invasion and tumorsphere formation of colon cancer cells. Mechanistically, ANQ inhibited pluripotent and cancer stem cell-related genes and down-regulated β-catenin/T-cell factor (TCF) signaling. Moreover, activation of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/β-catenin signaling axis was identified to be crucial for regulating the expressions of pluripotent genes, whereas suppression of PI3K/AKT by ANQ inhibited expressions of β-catenin and downstream targets. Molecular docking identified the potential interaction of ANQ with PI3K. Our data show for the first time that the bioactive component of A. camphorata, ANQ, suppresses stem cell-like properties via targeting PI3K/AKT/β-catenin signaling. ANQ could be a promising cancer prevention agent for colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Chun Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsiang Lin
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiahn-Haur Liao
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hua Wu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Huei Lee
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fwu-Long Mi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hao Wu
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ku-Chung Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsiung Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
- TMU Center for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University , Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Xia Y, Zhou X, Wang G, Zhang B, Xu G, Ai L. Induction of antroquinonol production by addition of hydrogen peroxide in the fermentation of Antrodia camphorata S-29. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2017; 97:595-599. [PMID: 27098319 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antroquinonol have significantly anti-tumour effects on various cancer cells. There is still lack of reports on regulation of environmental factors on antroquinonol production by Antrodia camphorata. RESULTS An effective submerged fermentation method was employed to induce antroquinonol with adding H2 O2 . The production of antroquinonol was 57.81 mg L-1 after fermentation for 10 days when adding 25 mmol L-1 H2 O2 at day 4 of the fermentation process. Then, antroquinonol was further increased to 80.10 mg L-1 with cell productivity of 14.94 mg g-1 dry mycelium when the feeding rate of H2 O2 was adjusted to 0.2 mmol L-1 h-1 in the 7 L fermentation bioreactor. After inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species with the inhibitor diphenyleneiodoium, the synthesis of antroquinonol from A. camphorata was significantly reduced, and the yield was only 3.3 mg L-1 . CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that addition of H2 O2 was a very effective strategy to induce and regulate the synthesis of antroquinonol in submerged fermentation. Reactive oxygen species generated by H2 O2 during fermentation caused oxidative stress, which induced the synthesis of antroquinonol and other chemical compounds. Moreover, it is very beneficial process to improve production and diversity of the active compounds during liquid fermentation of A. camphorata mycelium. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Xia
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Guangqiang Wang
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Bobo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Ganrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Lianzhong Ai
- School of Medical Instrument and Food Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ma YD, Thiyagarajan V, Tsai MJ, Lue SI, Chia YC, Shyue SK, Weng CF. Pyrogallol abates VSMC migration via modulation of Caveolin-1, matrix metalloproteinase and intima hyperplasia in carotid ligation mouse. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 48:63-75. [PMID: 27768988 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to intimal hyperplasia and other vascular diseases. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) has been recognized as a proliferative inhibitor of VSMCs and is likely to be an important regulator of VSMC migration. The underlying mechanism of pyrogallol on the VSMC migration is not fully understood. This study attempted to dissect the role of Cav-1 and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in VSMC migration and to investigate the effect of pyrogallol on VSMC mobility during carotid artery ligation mice. The mRNA expression of MMP-3 and MMP-13 was down-regulated in cultured VSMC prepared from Cav-1-deficient (Cav-1 KO) mice whereas MMP-14 expression was up-regulated. Pyrogallol effectively inhibited the migration of Cav-1 KO VSMC by promoting the expression of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2. Pyrogallol also inhibited the migration of Cav-1 wild type (WT) VSMC, however, by increasing TIMP-1 expression and repressing MMP-2 activity. In a parallel in vivo study, intra-peritoneal (ip) of pyrogallol to carotid artery ligated mice significantly suppressed intima formation in mice carotid artery. Furthermore, the proMMP-9 activity in pyrogallol-treated mice serum significantly increased from Day 0 to Day 2 and decreased from Day 2 to Day 7 in a time-dependent manner. In addition, WT mice treated with pyrogallol had significantly reduced neointima formation, whereas no differences were observed in Cav-1 knock out (KO) mice. These results suggest that pyrogallol not only inhibited VSMC migration but also effectively diminishes the severity of neointima hyperplasia, implying that pyrogallol possesses potential anti-atherogenic effects for the treatment of vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Ma
- Department of Life Science and the Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Life Science and the Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - May-Jywan Tsai
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-I Lue
- Department of Life Science and the Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Chia
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Tajen University, Ping Tung Hsien, Taiwan
| | - Song-Kun Shyue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and the Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang HM, Yang HL, Thiyagarajan V, Huang TH, Huang PJ, Chen SC, Liu JY, Hsu LS, Chang HW, Hseu YC. Coenzyme Q 0 Enhances Ultraviolet B-Induced Apoptosis in Human Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast (MCF-7) Cancer Cells. Integr Cancer Ther 2016; 16:385-396. [PMID: 27821721 PMCID: PMC5759941 DOI: 10.1177/1534735416673907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0; 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone), a major active constituent of Antrodia camphorata, has been shown to inhibit human triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) cells through induction of apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest. Ecological studies have suggested a possible association between ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and reduction in the risk of breast cancer. However, the underlying mechanism of the combination of CoQ0 and UVB in human estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer (MCF-7) remains unclear. In this study, the possible effect of CoQ0 on inducing apoptosis in MCF-7 cells under exposure to low-dose UVB (0.05 J/cm2) has been investigated. CoQ0 treatment (0-35 µM, for 24-72 hours) inhibits moderately the growth of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and the cell viability was significantly decreased when the cells were pretreated with UVB irradiation. It was noted that there was a remarkable accumulation of subploid cells, the so-called sub-G1 peak, in CoQ0-treated cells by using flow cytometric analysis, which suggests that the viability reduction observed after treatment may result from apoptosis induction in MCF-7 cells. CoQ0 caused an elevation of reactive oxygen species, as indicated by dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, and UVB pretreatment significantly increased CoQ0-induced reactive oxygen species generation in MCF-7 cells. In addition, cells were exposed to CoQ0, and the induction of DNA damage was evaluated by single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). CoQ0-induced DNA damage was remarkably enhanced by UVB pretreatment. Furthermore, CoQ0 induced apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which was associated with PARP degradation, Bcl-2/Bax dysregulation, and p53 expression as shown by western blot. Collectively, these findings suggest that CoQ0 might be an important supplemental agent for treating patients with breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Wang
- 1 National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jer-Yuh Liu
- 2 China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- 5 Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- 1 National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,6 Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Hseu
- 2 China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,3 Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Masoumi S, Harisankar A, Gracias A, Bachinger F, Fufa T, Chandrasekar G, Gaunitz F, Walfridsson J, Kitambi SS. Understanding cytoskeleton regulators in glioblastoma multiforme for therapy design. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:2881-2897. [PMID: 27672311 PMCID: PMC5026218 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s106196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cellular cytoskeleton forms the primary basis through which a cell governs the changes in size, shape, migration, proliferation, and forms the primary means through which the cells respond to their environment. Indeed, cell and tissue morphologies are used routinely not only to grade tumors but also in various high-content screening methods with an aim to identify new small molecules with therapeutic potential. This study examines the expression of various cytoskeleton regulators in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). GBM is a very aggressive disease with a low life expectancy even after chemo- and radiotherapy. Cancer cells of GBM are notorious for their invasiveness, ability to develop resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy, and to form secondary site tumors. This study aims to gain insight into cytoskeleton regulators in GBM cells and to understand the effect of various oncology drugs, including temozolomide, on cytoskeleton regulators. We compare the expression of various cytoskeleton regulators in GBM-derived tumor and normal tissue, CD133-postive and -negative cells from GBM and neural cells, and GBM stem-like and differentiated cells. In addition, the correlation between the expression of cytoskeleton regulators with the clinical outcome was examined to identify genes associated with longer patient survival. This was followed by a small molecule screening with US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved oncology drugs, and its effect on cellular cytoskeleton was compared to treatment with temozolomide. This study identifies various groups of cytoskeletal regulators that have an important effect on patient survival and tumor development. Importantly, this work highlights the advantage of using cytoskeleton regulators as biomarkers for assessing prognosis and treatment design for GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aditya Harisankar
- Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine
| | - Aileen Gracias
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Temesgen Fufa
- Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology; Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Frank Gaunitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Thiyagarajan V, Sivalingam KS, Viswanadha VP, Weng CF. 16-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide induced glioma cell autophagy via ROS generation and activation of p38 MAPK and ERK-1/2. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 45:202-211. [PMID: 27318969 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
16-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide (HCD), a natural product isolated from medicinal plant Polyalthia longifolia exhibits anticancer activity through caspase-independent apoptosis in brain tumors, as previously reported. This study further attempted to investigate the involvement of HCD-induced autophagy in brain tumor cell lines neuroblastoma N18 and glioma C6 through the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of p38 and ERK-1/2 pathway. The results demonstrated that HCD increased the hyper-generation of ROS and decreased cellular antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione s transferase (GST). Furthermore, HCD increased the expressions of autophagic marker proteins LC3-II and Beclin-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Additionally, HCD was found to significantly induce p-p38 MAPK and p-ERK-1/2 proteins by Western blot, which implies that HCD is a potential therapeutic anticancer agent that exerts its activity through inducing ROS-mediation for the autophagy of brain tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varadharajan Thiyagarajan
- Department of Life Science and the Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
| | - Kalai Selvi Sivalingam
- Animal Tissue Culture and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Vijaya Padma Viswanadha
- Animal Tissue Culture and Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India
| | - Ching-Feng Weng
- Department of Life Science and the Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang L, Zhou Q, Chen X, Su L, Liu B, Zhang H. Activation of the FAK/PI3K pathway is crucial for AURKA-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in laryngeal cancer. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:819-26. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
40
|
Liu C, Li Y, Xing Y, Cao B, Yang F, Yang T, Ai Z, Wei Y, Jiang J. The Interaction between Cancer Stem Cell Marker CD133 and Src Protein Promotes Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) Phosphorylation and Cell Migration. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:15540-50. [PMID: 27226554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.712976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
CD133, a widely known cancer stem cell marker, has been proved to promote tumor metastasis. However, the mechanism by which CD133 regulates metastasis remains largely unknown. Here, we report that CD133 knockdown inhibits cancer cell migration, and CD133 overexpression promotes cell migration. CD133 expression is beneficial to activate the Src-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathway. Further studies show that CD133 could interact with Src, and the region between amino acids 845 and 857 in the CD133 C-terminal domain is indispensable for its interaction with Src. The interaction activates Src to phosphorylate its substrate FAK and to promote cell migration. Likewise, a Src binding-deficient CD133 mutant loses the abilities to increase Src and FAK phosphorylation and to promote cell migration. Inhibition of Src activity by PP2, a known Src activity inhibitor, could block the activation of FAK phosphorylation and cell migration induced by CD133. In summary, our data suggest that activation of FAK by the interaction between CD133 and Src promotes cell migration, providing clues to understand the migratory mechanism of CD133(+) tumor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chanjuan Liu
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Yinan Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Yang Xing
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Benjin Cao
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Fan Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Tianxiao Yang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Zhilong Ai
- Division of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyan Wei
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| | - Jianhai Jiang
- From the Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Ministry of Public Health, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China and
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Thiyagarajan V, Lin SH, Chang YC, Weng CF. Identification of novel FAK and S6K1 dual inhibitors from natural compounds via ADMET screening and molecular docking. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 80:52-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
|
42
|
Fan T, Chen J, Zhang L, Gao P, Hui Y, Xu P, Zhang X, Liu H. Bit1 knockdown contributes to growth suppression as well as the decreases of migration and invasion abilities in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via suppressing FAK-paxillin pathway. Mol Cancer 2016; 15:23. [PMID: 26956728 PMCID: PMC4782287 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-016-0507-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is growing evidence that Bit1 exerts different roles in the development and progression of human cancers. Although Bit1 was highly exhibited in ESCC tissues in our previous study, its roles and molecular mechanisms implicated in development and progression of ESCC remain unknown. METHODS Bit1 protein expression in ESCC cell lines and normal esophageal epithelial cell was detected by Western blotting. Bit1 protein expression mediated by Bit1 shRNA was investigated by Western blotting. MTT, migration assay, invasion experiment, ELISA and Flow cytometry were utilized to determine the effects of Bit1 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, respectively. A xenograft model was used to examine in vivo tumourigenicity, and immunohistochemistry and TUNEL were utilized to evaluate the related protein expression and apoptosis. Gene microarray was determined by Agilent SurePrint G3 Human GE 8 × 60 K Microarray, the interaction of Bit1 and FAK proteins were detected by Immunoprecipitation and the key protein expressions of FAK-paxillin pathway were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS We found Bit1 expression in all human ESCC cell lines tested was significantly higher than that in normal esophageal epithelial cell Het-1A (P < 0.05), in which EC9706 presented the highest Bit1 level. Bit1 protein level was significantly downregulated at day 1 after transfection with specific shRNA against Bit1 (P < 0.05). At days 2 and 3, Bit1 level reached the lowest value after transfection with Bit1 shRNA. Moreover, Bit1 depletion contributed to growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo, reduced cell migration and invasion abilities, and induced cell apoptosis in EC9706 and TE1 cells. More importantly, Bit1 downregulation significantly lowered Bcl-2 and MMP-2 levels in EC9706 xenografted tumor tissues, meanwhile triggered apoptosis after treatment with different doses of Bit1 shRNA. Further gene microarray revealed that 23 genes in Bit1-RNAi group were markedly downregulated, whereas 16 genes were obviously upregulated. Notably, Bit1 intrinsically interacted with FAK protein in EC9706 cells. Moreover, paxillin was downregulated at mRNA and protein levels in Bit1 shRNA group, coupled with the decreases of FAK mRNA and protein expressions. CONCLUSION Bit1 may be an important regulator in cell growth, apoptosis, migration and invasion of ESCC via targeting FAK-paxillin pathway, and thereby combinative manipulation of Bit1 and FAK-paxillin pathway may be the novel and promising therapeutic targets for the patients with ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China. .,Department of Oncology, the Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450007, P.R. China.
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Pan Gao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Yiran Hui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Peirong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaqing Zhang
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
A focal adhesion kinase inhibitor 16-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide incorporated into enteric-coated nanoparticles for controlled anti-glioma drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 141:120-131. [PMID: 26851441 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
16-Hydroxy-cleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide (HCD) which is extracted from a medicinal plant, Polyalthia longifolia, was shown to exhibit anticancer activity through apoptosis and FAK inhibition in our previous study. To improve its solubility and efficacy, a novel HCD delivery system using copper-substituted mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) was designed as a delivery vehicle, and the outer surfaces of MSNs were further coated with enteric polymers to prevent the drug from leaching in the stomach acid. All the data regarding synthesis and physical characterization, including Zeta potential, FT-IR spectra, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms (BET), drug loading, powder X-ray diffraction, Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were well characterized. The non-coated MSN-HCD exposed to acidic pH (1.2) showed a rapid degradation of the drug, whereas the enteric-coated samples presented a sustained release profile in the gastrointestinal pHs. Cell cytotoxicity was further confirmed by the MTT-C6 Glioma cell line, in vitro. When compared with the control and pure HCD, the MSN-HCD revealed a potential anti-proliferation effect via the synergistic effect of the drug and the MSN vehicle. Additionally, this MSN-HCD had the effect of increasing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and altered the Mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) in C6 cell line. The in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of enteric-coated MSN-HCD was evaluated by C6 Glioma bearing xenograft nude mice, and enteric-coated MSN-HCD clearly exhibited the greatest anti-glioma activity, as compared to the pure HCD and the untreated control. In terms of the effective treatment of brain glioma, this study provides conclusive evidence of the successful development of the anti-cancer agent HCD conjugated with enteric-coated MSN as a delivery control mechanism with enhanced dissolution characteristics.
Collapse
|