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Bilski R, Kamiński P, Kupczyk D, Jeka S, Baszyński J, Tkaczenko H, Kurhaluk N. Environmental and Genetic Determinants of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7814. [PMID: 39063056 PMCID: PMC11277374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals and lifestyle factors like smoking contribute to the production of free oxygen radicals. This fact, combined with a lowered total antioxidant status, can induce even more damage in the development of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Despite the fact that some researchers are looking for more genetic factors underlying AS, most studies focus on polymorphisms within the genes encoding the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system. The biggest challenge is finding the effective treatment of the disease. Genetic factors and the influence of oxidative stress, mineral metabolism disorders, microbiota, and tobacco smoking seem to be of great importance for the development of AS. The data contained in this review constitute valuable information and encourage the initiation and development of research in this area, showing connections between inflammatory disorders leading to the pathogenesis of AS and selected environmental and genetic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Bilski
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicholaus Copernicus University, M. Karłowicz St. 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Z. Szafran St. 1, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
| | - Daria Kupczyk
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicholaus Copernicus University, M. Karłowicz St. 24, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jeka
- Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, University Hospital No. 2, Ujejski St. 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Baszyński
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Halina Tkaczenko
- Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski St. 22 B, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
| | - Natalia Kurhaluk
- Institute of Biology, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, Arciszewski St. 22 B, 76-200 Słupsk, Poland
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Zhao JT, Zhang Y, Wang XW, Zou PY, Zhao Z, Mei H, Liu YX, Su NY, Zhu YJ, Wang B, Wei YL, Chen DF, Lan CH. Long-term effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on gut microbiota after Helicobacter pylori eradication with bismuth quadruple therapy: A randomized controlled trial. Helicobacter 2024; 29:e13079. [PMID: 38984661 DOI: 10.1111/hel.13079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection by bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) is effective. However, the effect of BQT and subsequent fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) on the gut microbiota is less known. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China from January 2019 to October 2020, with the primary endpoints the effect of BQT on the gut microbiota and the effect of FMT on the gut microbiota after bismuth quadruple therapy eradication therapy. A 14-day BQT with amoxicillin and clarithromycin was administered to H. pylori-positive subjects, and after eradication therapy, patients received a one-time FMT or placebo treatment. We then collected stool samples to assess the effects of 14-day BQT and FMT on the gut microbiota. 16 s rDNA and metagenomic sequencing were used to analyze the structure and function of intestinal flora. We also used Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) to evaluate gastrointestinal symptom during treatment. RESULTS A total of 30 patients were recruited and 15 were assigned to either FMT or placebo groups. After eradication therapy, alpha-diversity was decreased in both groups. At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes decreased, while Proteobacteria increased. At the genus level, the abundance of beneficial bacteria decreased, while pathogenic bacteria increased. Eradication therapy reduced some resistance genes abundance while increased the resistance genes abundance linked to Escherichia coli. While they all returned to baseline by Week 10. Besides, the difference was observed in Week 10 by the diarrhea score between two groups. Compared to Week 2, the GSRS total score and diarrhea score decreased in Week 3 only in FMT group. CONCLUSIONS The balance of intestinal flora in patients can be considerably impacted by BQT in the short term, but it has reverted back to baseline by Week 10. FMT can alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms even if there was no evidence it promoted restoration of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Tao Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing-Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pei-Ying Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na-Yun Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang-Jie Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan-Ling Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Feng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun-Hui Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Sjomina O, Poļaka I, Suhorukova J, Vangravs R, Paršutins S, Knaze V, Park JY, Herrero R, Murillo R, Leja M. Randomised clinical trial: efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication treatment with and without Saccharomyces boulardii supplementation. Eur J Cancer Prev 2024; 33:217-222. [PMID: 37942999 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Standard triple therapy is commonly prescribed Helicobacter pylori eradication regimen in Europe. However, the world is witnessing declines in eradication success. It is crucial to find better treatment options. AIMS To evaluate efficacy, compliance and side effects of H. pylori eradication treatment by adding Saccharomyces boulardii . METHODS We conducted a randomized clinical trial within the GISTAR cohort, consisting of healthy individuals aged 40-64 years. Participants were administered clarithromycin-containing triple therapy (clarithromycin 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, esomeprazole 40 mg) twice daily. Randomization was applied based on two factors: 1)addition of Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 500 mg BID or not; 2)treatment duration of 10 or 14 days. Treatment completion and adverse events were assessed via telephone interview 21-28 days after medication delivery. The efficacy was evaluated using a 13C-urea breath test (UBT) six months after treatment. RESULTS Altogether 404 participants were enrolled; data on adverse events were available from 391. Overall, 286 participants received follow-up UBT. Intention-to-treat analysis revealed higher eradication rates for 10-day probiotic treatment (70.8% vs. 54.6%, P = 0.022), but not for 14-day. Probiotic subgroups combined showed non-significantly higher efficacy in per-protocol analysis (90.6% vs. 85.0%, P = 0.183). S. boulardii reduced the frequency of adverse events ( P = 0.033) in 14-day regimen, particularly treatment-associated diarrhea ( P = 0.032). However, after the adjustment to control Type I error, results lost their significance. CONCLUSION Addition of S. boulardii to 14-day clarithromycin-containing triple regimen non-significantly lowers the likelihood of diarrhea and does not increase the eradication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Sjomina
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | | | | | - Viktoria Knaze
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Jin Young Park
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, Lyon, France
| | - Rolando Herrero
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Early Detection, Prevention and Infections Branch, Lyon, France
- Agencia Costarricense de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Fundación INCIENSA, Costa Rica
| | - Raul Murillo
- Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogota, Columbia
| | - Mārcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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Liu T, Chai S, Li M, Chen X, Xie Y, Zhao Z, Xie J, Yu Y, Gao F, Zhu F, Yang L. A nanoparticle-based sonodynamic therapy reduces Helicobacter pylori infection in mouse without disrupting gut microbiota. Nat Commun 2024; 15:844. [PMID: 38286999 PMCID: PMC10825188 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection by Helicobacter pylori, a prevalent global pathogen, currently requires antibiotic-based treatments, which often lead to antimicrobial resistance and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Here, we develop a non-antibiotic approach using sonodynamic therapy mediated by a lecithin bilayer-coated poly(lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticle preloaded with verteporfin, Ver-PLGA@Lecithin, in conjunction with localized ultrasound exposure of a dosage permissible for ultrasound medical devices. This study reveals dual functionality of Ver-PLGA@Lecithin. It effectively neutralizes vacuolating cytotoxin A, a key virulence factor secreted by H. pylori, even in the absence of ultrasound. When coupled with ultrasound exposure, it inactivates H. pylori by generating reactive oxygen species, offering a potential solution to overcome antimicrobial resistance. In female mouse models bearing H. pylori infection, this sonodynamic therapy performs comparably to the standard triple therapy in reducing gastric infection. Significantly, unlike the antibiotic treatments, the sonodynamic therapy does not negatively disrupt gut microbiota, with the only major impact being upregulation of Lactobacillus, which is a bacterium widely used in yogurt products and probiotics. This study presents a promising alternative to the current antibiotic-based therapies for H. pylori infection, offering a reduced risk of antimicrobial resistance and minimal disturbance to the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Shuang Chai
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yutao Xie
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zehui Zhao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yunpeng Yu
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Division of Life Science and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
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Hong Q, Wang J, Zhang H, Liu X, Liu Z. Study of the effect of Lactobacillus crispatus FSCDJY67L3 on Helicobacter Pylori eradication: a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265995. [PMID: 38022520 PMCID: PMC10645133 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium exhibiting high pathogenicity. Traditional antibiotic treatments are considered ineffective as the H. pylori resistance has increased. Recently, a quadruple therapy strategy of probiotics and antibiotics to eliminate H. pylori was proposed. Probiotics play a therapeutic role as supplements in this process. The present research screened a probiotic strain (Lactobacillus crispatus FSCDJY67L3) that co-aggregates strongly with H. pylori. L. crispatus FSCDJY67L3 was demonstrated to significantly reduce H. pylori load (14C breath test) in clinical trials with H. pylori-positive patients. The Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) score decreased, indicating improvement in the gastrointestinal discomfort of patients. Furthermore, L. crispatus FSCDJY67L3 showed no change in the structure of the intestinal flora of patients. Routine blood indices and blood biochemical indices related to liver and kidney function were also not affected in the patients. Therefore, L. crispatus FSCDJY67L3 may be used clinically as a supplement for the treatment of H. pylori. Clinical Trial Registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/, Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100053710).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jidong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Huayue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Dairy Biotechnology, Dairy Research Institute, Bright Dairy & Food Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
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Gupta U, Dey P. Rise of the guardians: Gut microbial maneuvers in bacterial infections. Life Sci 2023; 330:121993. [PMID: 37536616 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Bacterial infections are one of the major causes of mortality globally. The gut microbiota, primarily comprised of the commensals, performs an important role in maintaining intestinal immunometabolic homeostasis. The current review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how modulation of the gut microbiota influences opportunistic bacterial infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primarily centered around mechanisms related to colonization resistance, nutrient, and metabolite-associated factors, mucosal immune response, and commensal-pathogen reciprocal interactions, we discuss how gut microbiota can promote or prevent bacterial infections. KEY FINDINGS Opportunistic infections can occur directly due to obligate pathogens or indirectly due to the overgrowth of opportunistic pathobionts. Gut microbiota-centered mechanisms of altered intestinal immunometabolic and metabolomic homeostasis play a significant role in infection promotion and prevention. Depletion in the population of commensals, increased abundance of pathobionts, and overall decrease in gut microbial diversity and richness caused due to prolonged antibiotic use are risk factors of opportunistic bacterial infections, including infections from multidrug-resistant spp. Gut commensals can limit opportunistic infections by mechanisms including the production of antimicrobials, short-chain fatty acids, bile acid metabolism, promoting mucin formation, and maintaining immunological balance at the mucosa. Gut microbiota-centered strategies, including the administration of probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, could help attenuate opportunistic bacterial infections. SIGNIFICANCE The current review discussed the gut microbial population and function-specific aspects contributing to bacterial infection susceptibility and prophylaxis. Collectively, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms related to the dual role of gut microbiota in bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upasana Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India
| | - Priyankar Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, Punjab, India.
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Lee TH, Wu MC, Lee MH, Liao PL, Lin CC, Wei JCC. Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a nationwide population-based study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15125. [PMID: 37704688 PMCID: PMC10499872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42207-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and rheumatoid arthritis has been investigated, but the results remain controversial. This study aims to determine the association between the two diseases via a 17-year retrospective cohort study. Using the National Health Insurance Research Database, a nationwide population based in Taiwan, we identified 97,533 individuals with H. pylori infection and matched controls between 2000 and 2017 using propensity score matching at a 1:1 ratio. The adjusted hazard ratio of rheumatoid arthritis was determined by multiple Cox regression. The incidence rate of rheumatoid arthritis was 1.28 per 10,000 person-months in the H. pylori cohort, with a higher risk compared to the control group. In the < 30 years old subgroup, the risk was highest, especially in women < 30 years old with H. pylori infection. Patients with < 1 year follow-up showed 1.58 times higher susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis. Individuals with follow-ups of 1-5 years and over 5 years demonstrated 1.43 and 1.44 times higher risks of rheumatoid arthritis, respectively. Our study showed H. pylori infection was associated with the development of rheumatoid arthritis. Clinicians should note higher risk, especially < 30 years old. More research needed to understand underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Che Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate, Medicine College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming-Hung Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lun Liao
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chung Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec 1, Jianguo N. Road, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Sharma P, Phatak SM, Warikoo P, Mathur A, Mahant S, Das K, Das R. Crosstalk between Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal microbiota in various gastroduodenal diseases-A systematic review. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:303. [PMID: 37588796 PMCID: PMC10425313 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03734-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastroduodenal diseases have prevailed for a long time and more so due to dominance of gut bacteria Helicobacter pylori in most of the cases. But habitation by other gut microbiota in gastroduodenal diseases and the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal microbiota in different gastroduodenal diseases is somewhat being unravelled in the current times. For this systematic review, we did a literature search of various gastroduodenal diseases and the effect on gut microbiota pertaining to it. A search of the online bibliographic databases PUBMED and PUBMED CENTRAL was carried out to identify articles published between 1977 and May 2022. The analysis of these selected studies highlighted the inhabitation of other gut microbiota such as Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Streptococcaceae, Prevotellaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, and many others. Interplay between these microbiota and H. pylori have also been noted which suggested that gastroduodenal diseases and gut microbiota are intertwined by a symbiotic association regardless of the H. pylori status. The relationship between the gut microbiota and many gastroduodenal diseases, such as gastritis, gastric cancer, lymphomas, and ulcers, demonstrates the dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in both the presence and absence of H. pylori. The evolving ways for eliminating H. pylori are provided along with inhibiting qualities of other species on H. pylori. Most significant member of our gut system is Helicobacter pylori which has been associated with numerous diseases like gastric cancer, gastritis, duodenal ulcer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prateek Sharma
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P. India
| | - Shravani M. Phatak
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P. India
| | - Prisha Warikoo
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P. India
| | - Akshita Mathur
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P. India
| | - Shweta Mahant
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P. India
| | - Kunal Das
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yashoda Super Speciality Hospital, Kaushambi, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Rajashree Das
- Center for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, U.P. India
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Gudra D, Silamikelis I, Pjalkovskis J, Danenberga I, Pupola D, Skenders G, Ustinova M, Megnis K, Leja M, Vangravs R, Fridmanis D. Abundance and prevalence of ESBL coding genes in patients undergoing first line eradication therapy for Helicobacter pylori. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289879. [PMID: 37561723 PMCID: PMC10414638 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in nosocomial and community-acquired enterobacteria is an important challenge for clinicians due to the limited therapeutic options for infections that are caused by these organisms. Here, we developed a panel of ESBL coding genes, evaluated the abundance and prevalence of ESBL encoding genes in patients undergoing H. pylori eradication therapy, and summarized the effects of eradication therapy on functional profiles of the gut microbiome. To assess the repertoire of known beta lactamase (BL) genes, they were divided into clusters according to their evolutionary relation. Primers were designed for amplification of cluster marker regions, and the efficiency of this amplification panel was assessed in 120 fecal samples acquired from 60 patients undergoing H. pylori eradication therapy. In addition, fecal samples from an additional 30 patients were used to validate the detection efficiency of the developed ESBL panel. The presence for majority of targeted clusters was confirmed by NGS of amplification products. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that the abundance of ESBL genes within the pool of microorganisms was very low. The global relative abundances of the ESBL-coding gene clusters did not differ significantly among treatment states. However, at the level of each cluster, classical ESBL producers such as Klebsiella sp. for blaOXY (p = 0.0076), Acinetobacter sp. for blaADC (p = 0.02297) and others, differed significantly with a tendency to decrease compared to the pre- and post-eradication states. Only 13 clusters were common across all three datasets, suggesting a patient-specific distribution profile of ESBL-coding genes. The number of AMR genes detected in the post-eradication state was higher than that in the pre-eradication state, which could be attributed, at least in part, to the therapy. This study demonstrated that the ESBL screening panel was effective in targeting ESBL-coding gene clusters from bacterial DNA and that minor differences exist in the abundance and prevalence of ESBL-coding gene levels before and after eradication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Gudra
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | | | | | | | - Darta Pupola
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Girts Skenders
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Maija Ustinova
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Kaspars Megnis
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Reinis Vangravs
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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Wang S, Tian ZB, Chen JW, Cong PS, Ding XL, Zhang CP, Yin XY, Yang L, Jing X, Mao T, Li XY, Sun ZY, Jiang JJ, Yu YN. Effect of fucoidan on gut microbiota and its clinical efficacy in Helicobacter pylori eradication: A randomized controlled trial. J Dig Dis 2023; 24:461-471. [PMID: 37548312 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.13215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the clinical efficacy of fucoidan-assisted standard quadruple therapy (SQT) in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication and the improvement of gut microbiota. METHODS An open-label randomized controlled trial was conducted at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University in Shandong Province, China. Ninety patients who tested positive for H. pylori were randomized to the standard quadruple therapy (SQT) group (SQ), SQT + fucoidan combination group (SF), and fucoidan + sequential SQT group (FS), respectively. Stool samples were collected for gut microbiota composition at baseline and after treatment. RESULTS After H. pylori eradication, the relative abundances of most conditional pathogens in the SQ decreased, while those of several beneficial bacteria increased or decreased (P < 0.05). In FS, the abundances of most beneficial bacteria increased gradually from baseline to week 12, while those of the conditional pathogens decreased (P < 0.05). The abundance of Bifidobacterium had a decreasing trend in SQ, but remained unchanged in SF and increased in FS (P < 0.05). The abundances of most beneficial bacteria were significantly higher in FS than in SQ and SF (P < 0.05). Addition of fucoidan enhanced symptom improvement during H. pylori eradication compared with SQT alone. CONCLUSIONS Fucoidan considerably improved gut dysbiosis during SQT for H. pylori eradication. Gut microbiota can be maintained by the addition of fucoidan before eradication therapy with SQT rather than by concomitant addition with therapy. Fucoidan-assisted SQT could relieve gastrointestinal symptoms during H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zi Bin Tian
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Wei Chen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pei Shan Cong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue Li Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cui Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Yan Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tao Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiao Yu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhan Yi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jin Ju Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Seaweed Substances, Qingdao Bright Moon Seaweed Group Co Ltd, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ya Nan Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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11
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Tawfik SA, Azab M, Ramadan M, Shabayek S, Abdellah A, Al Thagfan SS, Salah M. The Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Was Significantly Associated with Compositional Patterns of Orointestinal Axis Microbiota. Pathogens 2023; 12:832. [PMID: 37375522 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is significantly linked to various diseases that seriously impact human health, such as gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS The compositional shifts in bacterial communities of the orointestinal axis were surveyed pre/post-eradication of H. pylori. In total, 60 samples, including stool and salivary specimens, were collected from 15 H. pylori-positive individuals (HPP) before beginning and 2 months after receiving the eradication therapy. The V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using MiSeq. RESULTS Overall, oral microbiomes were collectively more diverse than the gut microbiomes (Kruskal-Wallis; p = 3.69 × 10-5). Notably, the eradication of H. pylori was associated with a significant reduction in the bacterial diversity along the orointestinal axis (Wilcoxon rank sum test; p = 6.38 × 10-3). Interestingly, the oral microbiome of HPP showed a positive correlation between Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria, in addition to a significant predominance of Streptococcus, in addition to Eubacterium_eligens, Haemophilus, Ruminococcaceae, Actinomyces and Staphylococcus. On the other hand, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, Catenibacterium, Neisseria and Prevotella were significantly enriched upon eradication of H. pylori. Generally, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria positively coexisted during H. pylori infection along the orointestinal axis (r = 0.67; p = 0.0006). The eradication of H. pylori was positively linked to two distinctive orotypes (O3 and O4). Orotype O4 was characterized by a robust abundance of Veillonella and Fusobacteria. The gut microbiomes during H. pylori infection showed a remarkable predominance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Escherichia_Shigella. Likewise, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were significantly enriched upon eradication of H. pylori. CONCLUSIONS Finally, the impact of eradication therapy clearly existed on the representation of certain genera, especially in the oral microbiome, which requires particular concern in order to counteract and limit their subsequent threats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Ali Tawfik
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Marwa Azab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Ramadan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Sarah Shabayek
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ali Abdellah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sultan S Al Thagfan
- Department of Clinical and Hospital Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munaearah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Salah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
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Karim MR, Iqbal S, Mohammad S, Lee JH, Jung D, Mathiyalagan R, Yang DC, Yang DU, Kang SC. A review on Impact of dietary interventions, drugs, and traditional herbal supplements on the gut microbiome. Microbiol Res 2023; 271:127346. [PMID: 36921399 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome is the community of healthy, and infectious organisms in the gut and its interaction in the host gut intestine (GI) environment. The balance of microbial richness with beneficial microbes is very important to perform healthy body functions like digesting food, controlling metabolism, and precise immune function. Alternately, this microbial dysbiosis occurs due to changes in the physiochemical condition, substrate avidity, and drugs. Moreover, various categories of diet such as "plant-based", "animal-based", "western", "mediterranean", and various drugs (antibiotic and common drugs) also contribute to maintaining microbial flora inside the gut. The imbalance (dysbiosis) in the microbiota of the GI tract can cause several disorders (such as diabetes, obesity, cancer, inflammation, and so on). Recently, the major interest is to use prebiotic, probiotic, postbiotic, and herbal supplements to balance such microbial community in the GI tract. But, there has still a large gap in understanding the microbiome function, and its relation to the host diet, drugs, and herbal supplements to maintain the healthy life of the host. So, the present review is about the updates on the microbiome concerns related to diet, drug, and herbal supplements, and also gives research evidence to improve our daily habits regarding diet, drugs, and herbal supplements. Because our regular dietary plan and traditional herbal supplements can improve our health by balancing the bacteria in our gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Rezaul Karim
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Safia Iqbal
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea; Department of Microbiology, Varendra Institute of Biosciences, Affiliated by Rajshahi University, Natore, Rajshahi, Bangladesh; Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Shahnawaz Mohammad
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyeok Lee
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Daehyo Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Ramya Mathiyalagan
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Deok-Chun Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea; Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Dong Uk Yang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea; Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
| | - Se Chan Kang
- Department of Biopharmaceutical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea; Graduate School of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, South Korea
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Dahiya D, Nigam PS. Antibiotic-Therapy-Induced Gut Dysbiosis Affecting Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis and Cognition: Restoration by Intake of Probiotics and Synbiotics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043074. [PMID: 36834485 PMCID: PMC9959899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy through short-term or repeated long-term prescriptions can have several damaging effects on the normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract. Changes in microbiota could be multiple including decreased diversity of species in gut microbiota, changed metabolic activity, and the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis in turn can induce antibiotic-associated diarrhoea and recurrent infections caused by Clostridioides difficile. There is also evidence that the use of different chemical classes of antibiotics for the treatment of a variety of ailments can lead to several health issues including gastrointestinal, immunologic, and neurocognitive conditions. This review discusses gut dysbiosis, its symptoms and one important cause, which is antibiotic therapy for the induction of gut dysbiosis. Since the maintenance of good gut health is important for the well-being and functioning of physiological and cognitive activities through the normal gut-microbiota-brain relationship, the condition of dysbiosis is not desirable. Specific therapies are prescribed by medical practitioners for the cure of a variety of ailments, and, if the prescription of antibiotics becomes unavoidable, there is a possibility of the onset of gut dysbiosis as the side or after effects. Therefore, the restoration of imbalanced gut microbiota to its balanced condition becomes necessary. A healthy relationship between gut microbiota and the brain can be achieved with the introduction of probiotic strains into the gut in a practical and consumer-friendly way, such as consumption of food and beverages prepared with the use of characterised probiotic species, fermented foods as the potential biotics, or synbiotic supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Poonam Singh Nigam
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK
- Correspondence:
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14
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Du L, Chen B, Cheng F, Kim J, Kim JJ. Effects of Helicobacter pylori Therapy on Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dig Dis 2022; 42:102-112. [PMID: 36228588 DOI: 10.1159/000527047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although indications for evaluation and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection are broadening to include primary prevention for gastric adenocarcinoma, potential adverse effects on gut microbiota have been raised. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of H. pylori therapy on gut microbiota. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (to 4/2021) were searched for studies quantitatively evaluating microbiota before and after H. pylori therapy. Meta-analysis was performed to assess early (<1 year) and long-term (≥1 year) effects on gut microbiota after H. pylori treatment. Subgroup analysis evaluating the effects of H. pylori therapy with addition of probiotics on gut microbiota was also performed. RESULTS Thirty studies (N = 1,218) met the criteria. Early after H. pylori therapy, intestinal microbial diversity was reduced in nearly all studies. At the genus level, reduction in the abundance of Enterococcus, while increase in Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides counts were observed. However, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Bacteroides counts remained stable in patients who received probiotics with H. pylori therapy. At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes increased after treatment. At ≥1 year, intestinal microbial diversity normalized in six of seven studies. No differences in the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicute, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria were observed ≥1 year after therapy. CONCLUSION The impact of H. pylori therapy on gut microbiota appears transient with early changes largely resolving after 1 year. Probiotics may reduce the early impact of H. pylori therapy on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,
| | - Binrui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangli Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jeffrey Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - John J Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, California, USA
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15
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Zhong Z, Zhan B, Xu B, Gao H. Achieving Helicobacter pylori eradication in the primary treatment requires a deep integration of personalization and standardization. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12916. [PMID: 35939537 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zishao Zhong
- Tongji Hospital, Institute of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Zhan
- China Center for Helicobacter pylori Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- China Center for Helicobacter pylori Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Tongji Hospital, Institute of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,China Center for Helicobacter pylori Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
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16
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Li Y, Huang X, Tong D, Jiang C, Zhu X, Wei Z, Gong T, Jin C. Relationships among microbiota, gastric cancer, and immunotherapy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:987763. [PMID: 36171746 PMCID: PMC9511979 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.987763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, conventional neoadjuvant therapy or postoperative adjuvant therapy, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, can only bring limited survival benefits to gastric cancer (GC). Median survival after palliative chemotherapy is also low, at about 8–10 months. Immunotargeting is a new option for the treatment of GC, but has not been widely replicated. The highly immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment (TME) discounts the efficacy of immunotherapy for GC. Therefore, new strategies are needed to enhance the immune response of the TME. This paper reviewed the relationship between microorganisms and GC, potential links between microorganisms and immunotherapy and research of microorganisms combined immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Li
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaona Huang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Desheng Tong
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenyu Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhipeng Wei
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Tingjie Gong
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Chunhui Jin
- Department of Oncology, Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
- *Correspondence: Chunhui Jin,
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Chen B, Li XM, Cai T, Wang F. Short-term and long-term alterations of gastrointestinal microbiota with different H. pylori eradication regimens: A meta-analysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.913384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and AimsThe impacts of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication on the gastrointestinal microbiota are controversial, and whether the short-term and long-term changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota following different eradication regimens are consistent remains inconclusive. This study aimed to examine the effects of various eradication regimens on the gastrointestinal microflora at follow-up evaluations within 7 days, at 1–3 months, and over 6 months changes in the gastrointestinal microbiota.Materials and MethodsStudies reported on the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrails.gov databases before March 2022 were collected. Data analysis and visualization were conducted using Review Manager 5.4.1. The tool of the Cochrane Collaboration to assess the risk of bias was suitable for randomized controlled trials with the Newcastle–Ottawa scale for nonrandomized controlled trials. In addition, the process was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.ResultsAfter a series of rigorous screenings, a total of 34 articles with 1,204 participants were included for this review analysis. The results showed changes in the gut microflora at the phylum level or the family and genus levels. After metronidazole-containing triple therapy, the number of Enterobacteriaceae increased at 1–3 months follow-up. After Metronidazole-free triple therapy, Actinobacteria decreased significantly, and this trend lasted for more than 6 months. Within 7 days after eradication treatment, the follow-up results showed a decrease in the number of Lactobacillus. After Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, the changes in Actinobacteria fluctuated with the follow-up time. The changes in Proteobacteria showed a downward trend lasting for 1–3 months after eradication but returned to baseline levels over 6 months after eradication. Subgroup analyses indicated that host age could influence changes in the gut microbiota.ConclusionDifferent eradication regimens had varied effects on the short-term and long-term abundance of the gastrointestinal microbiota, but the decreasing trend of the microbiota diversity was the same for all regimens at the short-term follow-up. This study summarizes the changes of gut microbiota at different stages after different eradication regimens and hope to provide some references for supplementing probiotics, while further studies is needed to support these findings.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier: CRD42021292726
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Candidate Phyla Radiation, an Underappreciated Division of the Human Microbiome, and Its Impact on Health and Disease. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0014021. [PMID: 35658516 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00140-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candidate phyla radiation (CPR) is an emerging division of the bacterial domain within the human microbiota. Still poorly known, these microorganisms were first described in the environment in 1981 as "ultramicrobacteria" with a cell volume under 0.1 μm3 and were first associated with the human oral microbiota in 2007. The evolution of technology has been paramount for the study of CPR within the human microbiota. In fact, since these ultramicrobacteria have yet to be axenically cultured despite ongoing efforts, progress in imaging technology has allowed their observation and morphological description. Although their genomic abilities and taxonomy are still being studied, great strides have been made regarding their taxonomic classification, as well as their lifestyle. In addition, advancements in next-generation sequencing and the continued development of bioinformatics tools have allowed their detection as commensals in different human habitats, including the oral cavity and gastrointestinal and genital tracts, thus highlighting CPR as a nonnegligible part of the human microbiota with an impact on physiological settings. Conversely, several pathologies present dysbiosis affecting CPR levels, including inflammatory, mucosal, and infectious diseases. In this exhaustive review of the literature, we provide a historical perspective on the study of CPR, an overview of the methods available to study these organisms and a description of their taxonomy and lifestyle. In addition, their distribution in the human microbiome is presented in both homeostatic and dysbiotic settings. Future efforts should focus on developing cocultures and, if possible, axenic cultures to obtain isolates and therefore genomes that would provide a better understanding of these ultramicrobacteria, the importance of which in the human microbiome is undeniable.
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Saeed NK, Al-Beltagi M, Bediwy AS, El-Sawaf Y, Toema O. Gut microbiota in various childhood disorders: Implication and indications. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:1875-1901. [PMID: 35664966 PMCID: PMC9150060 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i18.1875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota has a significant role in gut development, maturation, and immune system differentiation. It exerts considerable effects on the child's physical and mental development. The gut microbiota composition and structure depend on many host and microbial factors. The host factors include age, genetic pool, general health, dietary factors, medication use, the intestine's pH, peristalsis, and transit time, mucus secretions, mucous immunoglobulin, and tissue oxidation-reduction potentials. The microbial factors include nutrient availability, bacterial cooperation or antagonism, and bacterial adhesion. Each part of the gut has its microbiota due to its specific characteristics. The gut microbiota interacts with different body parts, affecting the pathogenesis of many local and systemic diseases. Dysbiosis is a common finding in many childhood disorders such as autism, failure to thrive, nutritional disorders, coeliac disease, Necrotizing Enterocolitis, helicobacter pylori infection, functional gastrointestinal disorders of childhood, inflammatory bowel diseases, and many other gastrointestinal disorders. Dysbiosis is also observed in allergic conditions like atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. Dysbiosis can also impact the development and the progression of immune disorders and cardiac disorders, including heart failure. Probiotic supplements could provide some help in managing these disorders. However, we are still in need of more studies. In this narrative review, we will shed some light on the role of microbiota in the development and management of common childhood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Kamal Saeed
- Medical Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Ministry of Health, Manama 12, Bahrain
- Microbiology Section, Department of Pathology, Irish Royal College of Surgeon, Busaiteen 15503, Bahrain
| | - Mohammed Al-Beltagi
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | - Adel Salah Bediwy
- Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Pulmonology, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Yasser El-Sawaf
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Medical Center, Arabian Gulf University, Dr. Sulaiman Al-Habib Medical Group, Manama 26671, Bahrain
| | - Osama Toema
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
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20
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Wang L, Yao H, Tong T, Lau K, Leung SY, Ho JWK, Leung WK. Dynamic changes in antibiotic resistance genes and gut microbiota after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapies. Helicobacter 2022; 27:e12871. [PMID: 34969161 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term antibiotics exposure is associated with alterations in microbiota and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the human gut. While antibiotics are critical in the successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori, the short-term and long-term impacts on the composition and quantity of antibiotics resistance genes after H. pylori eradication are unclear. This study used whole-genome shotgun metagenomic of stool samples to characterize the gut microbiota and ARGs, before and after H. pylori eradication therapy. RESULTS Forty-four H. pylori-infected patients were recruited, including 21 treatment naïve patients who received clarithromycin-based triple therapy (CLA group) and 23 patients who failed previous therapies, in which 10 received levofloxacin-based quadruple therapy (LEVO group) and 13 received other combinations (OTHER group). Stool samples were collected at baseline (before current treatment), 6 week and 6 month after eradication therapy. At baseline, there was only a slight difference among the three groups on ARGs and gut microbiota. After eradication therapy, there was a transient but significant increase in gut ARGs 6 week post-therapy, among which the LEVO group had the most significant ARGs alteration compared to other two groups. For treatment naïve patients, those with higher ErmF abundance were prone to fail CLA eradication and gain more ARGs after treatment. For gut microbiota, the bacteria richness decreased at 6 week and there was a significant difference in microbiota community among the three groups at 6 week. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the dynamic alterations in gut microbiota and ARGs induced by different eradication therapies, which could influence the choices of antibiotics in eradication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Haobin Yao
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China
| | - Teresa Tong
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - KamShing Lau
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Suet Yi Leung
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences (CPOS), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,The Jockey Club Centre for Clinical Innovation and Discovery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joshua W K Ho
- School of Biomedical Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health, Hong Kong Science Park, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for PanorOmic Sciences (CPOS), The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai K Leung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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21
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Zhong Z, Zhan B, Xu B, Gao H. Emphasizing the importance of successful eradication of Helicobacter pylori on initial treatment. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1215-1221. [PMID: 35411234 PMCID: PMC8984880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most important risk factor for gastric cancer and plays an initiating role in the development of intestinal-type gastric cancer. Eradication of H. pylori significantly reduces the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer. International expert consensus recommends eradication treatment for all infected individuals unless competing considerations. However, large-scale H. pylori eradication treatments have led to increasing rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics, together with factors such as coccoid transformation, host CYP2C19 gene polymorphisms, and inappropriate treatment regimens, resulting in a gradual decline in H. pylori eradication rates. Currently, empirical and repeated eradication of H. pylori treatment is common in clinical practice, which will certainly lead to a further increase in antibiotic resistance, resulting in a great waste of medical resources and an increased psychological burden on patients and their relatives. Therefore, successful eradication of H. pylori on initial treatment should be given high priority, and the implementation of personalized treatment is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zishao Zhong
- Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou, China
| | - Bingjie Zhan
- China Center for Helicobacter Pylori Molecular MedicineShanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Center for Molecular MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- China Center for Helicobacter Pylori Molecular MedicineShanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Center for Molecular MedicineShanghai, China
| | - Hengjun Gao
- Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghai, China
- National Engineering Center for Biochips at ShanghaiShanghai, China
- China Center for Helicobacter Pylori Molecular MedicineShanghai, China
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22
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Ibrahim A, Maatouk M, Raoult D, Bittar F. Reverse Genomics: Design of Universal Epitope Sets to Isolate All Saccharibacteria Members from the Human Oral Cavity. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10030602. [PMID: 35336177 PMCID: PMC8954561 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms not yet cultured represent a large proportion of the microbes described to date. Progress in sequencing and metagenomic tools continues to increase microbial diversity without providing information on their physiological and pathophysiological characteristics, such as the recent discovery of enigmatic microbes belonging to Candidate Phyla Radiation (CPR). Reverse genomics is a recent technique allowing co-cultivation of a few CPR members, affiliated to the Saccharibacteria phylum, based on the analysis of their already-available genomes. Here, our aim is to designate a common system capable of cultivating any given taxon of this phylum from human samples. We managed to design, in silico, 11 common epitopes for all Saccharibacteria species recovered from the human oral cavity and which can serve as antigens via bioinformatics analyses. These sequences allow the synthesis of target antibodies, sorting Saccharibacteria spp. by flow cytometry and co-culturing them afterwards with adapted hosts. This epitope set can facilitate the cultivation of CPR in general, which in recent years has been considered a challenge for microbiologists, and subsequently contributes to better studying this new branch on the tree of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ibrahim
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.I.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Mohamad Maatouk
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.I.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.I.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Fadi Bittar
- IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005 Marseille, France; (A.I.); (M.M.); (D.R.)
- Aix-Marseille Université, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, 13005 Marseille, France
- Correspondence:
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23
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The impact of Saccharomyces boulardii adjuvant supplementation on alternation of gut microbiota after H. pylori eradication; a metagenomics analysis. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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24
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Lu Y, Liu H, Yang K, Mao Y, Meng L, Yang L, Ouyang G, Liu W. A comprehensive update: gastrointestinal microflora, gastric cancer and gastric premalignant condition, and intervention by traditional Chinese medicine. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2022; 23:1-18. [PMID: 35029085 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
With the recent upsurge of studies in the field of microbiology, we have learned more about the complexity of the gastrointestinal microecosystem. More than 30 genera and 1000 species of gastrointestinal microflora have been found. The structure of the normal microflora is relatively stable, and is in an interdependent and restricted dynamic equilibrium with the body. In recent years, studies have shown that there is a potential relationship between gastrointestinal microflora imbalance and gastric cancer (GC) and precancerous lesions. So, restoring the balance of gastrointestinal microflora is of great significance. Moreover, intervention in gastric premalignant condition (GPC), also known as precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (PLGC), has been the focus of current clinical studies. The holistic view of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is consistent with the microecology concept, and oral TCM can play a two-way regulatory role directly with the microflora in the digestive tract, restoring the homeostasis of gastrointestinal microflora to prevent canceration. However, large gaps in knowledge remain to be addressed. This review aims to provide new ideas and a reference for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Lu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301608, China
| | - Huayi Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China.
| | - Kuo Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Yijia Mao
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301608, China
| | - Lingkai Meng
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301608, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300120, China
| | - Guangze Ouyang
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301608, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301608, China
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25
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Lapidot Y, Reshef L, Cohen D, Muhsen K. Helicobacter pylori and the intestinal microbiome among healthy school-age children. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12854. [PMID: 34617641 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is acquired during childhood and causes chronic gastritis that remains asymptomatic in most infected people. H. pylori alters the gastric microbiota and causes peptic ulcer disease. Evidence on the relationship between asymptomatic H. pylori infection and children's gut microbiota remains elusive. AIM We characterized the relationship between H. pylori infection and the intestinal microbiome of healthy children, adjusting for known inter-personal and environmental exposures. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included stool samples obtained from 163 Israeli Arab children aged 6-9 years from different socioeconomic strata. Sociodemographic information was collected through maternal interviews. H. pylori infection was determined using monoclonal antigen detection stool enzyme immunoassay. The gut microbiome was characterized by implementing 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V4 region and a multivariate downstream analysis. RESULTS Overall, 57% of the participants were positive for H. pylori infection and it was significantly associated with low socioeconomic status. There was no significant association between H. pylori infection and bacterial richness of fecal microbiome. H. pylori infection was significantly associated with intestinal bacterial composition, including a strong association with Prevotella copri and Eubacterium biforme. Moreover, socioeconomic status was strongly associated with bacterial composition. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS H. pylori infection in healthy children was significantly associated with altered intestinal microbiome structure. Socioeconomic determinants exhibit a strong effect, related to both H. pylori infection and intestinal diversity and composition in childhood. These findings are clinically important to the understanding of the role of H. pylori infection and other intestinal microbes in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Lapidot
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leah Reshef
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dani Cohen
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Khitam Muhsen
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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26
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Van Zyl KN, Matukane SR, Hamman BL, Whitelaw AC, Newton-Foot M. The effect of antibiotics on the human microbiome: a systematic review. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2021; 59:106502. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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27
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Zhang X, Sun Z, Zhou A, Tao L, Chen Y, Shi X, Yin J, Sun Z, Ding G. Association Between Infections and Risk of Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:768741. [PMID: 34745144 PMCID: PMC8569302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous literature on the association between infections and the risk of developing ankylosing spondylitis (AS) presented controversial results. This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively investigate the effect of infections on the risk of AS. Methods We searched the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases until March 26, 2021 for analytical epidemiological studies on the association between infections and the risk of AS. Fixed or random effect models were used to calculate total risk estimates based on study heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis were also performed. Publication bias was estimated using funnel plots and Begg’s test. Results Six case-control articles (n=1,296,239) and seven cohort articles (n=7,618,524) were incorporated into our meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) from these case-control studies showed that infections were associated with an increased risk of AS (OR=1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23–1.73), and the pooled relative risk (RR) from the cohort studies showed the same findings (RR=1.35, 95% CI, 1.12–1.63). Subgroup analysis showed that infections in participants with unadjusted comorbidities (OR=1.66, 95% CI, 1.35–2.03), other types of infection (OR=1.40, 95% CI, 1.15–1.70), and infection of the immune system (OR=1.46, 95% CI, 1.42–1.49) were associated with the risk of AS in case-control studies. In cohort studies, infections with adjusted comorbidities (RR=1.39, 95% CI, 1.15–1.68), viral infection (RR=1.43, 95% CI, 1.22–1.66), other types of infection (RR=1.44, 95% CI, 1.12–1.86), and other sites of infection (RR=1.36, 95% CI, 1.11–1.67) were associated with an increased risk of AS. Conclusions The findings of this meta-analysis confirm that infections significantly increase the risks of AS. This is helpful in providing an essential basis for the prevention of AS via the avoidance of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.,School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Aihong Zhou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
| | - Yingxin Chen
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- School of Nursing, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jia Yin
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Zheng Sun
- School of Clinical Medline, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Guoyong Ding
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
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28
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Jo HG, Kim YS. Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy-associated Diarrhea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF HELICOBACTER AND UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.7704/kjhugr.2021.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori has contributed to the treatment of peptic ulcers and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Moreover, it has possibly decreased the prevalence of gastric cancer. However, eradication therapy is associated with various adverse effects, of which diarrhea is the most common. The incidence of diarrhea after eradication treatment varies from 8% to 48%. In particular, the incidence is higher in patients who receive first-line standard triple therapy compared with those who receive second-line therapy. Both antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors, components of eradication therapy, have short-term and long-term impacts on gut microbiota. The alterations of gut microbiota may not recover until 1 year after eradication therapy. Most cases of diarrhea that occur after eradication therapy are antibiotic-associated diarrhea caused by the destruction of the normal gut microbiota. In some cases, Clostridioides difficile-associated diarrhea occurs after eradication therapy. If bloody diarrhea occurs after eradication therapy and the Clostridioides difficile toxin is not detected, antibiotic-associated hemorrhagic colitis associated with Klebsiella oxytoca infection should be suspected. It is crucial to explain the possibility of diarrhea before initiating eradication therapy to increase compliance. Furthermore, probiotics may be administered to reduce diarrhea. If severe diarrhea or symptoms other than the usual antibiotic-associated diarrhea occur during or after eradication therapy, antibiotics should be discontinued. In addition, appropriate tests to determine the cause of diarrhea should be performed. This review summarizes the alteration of the gut microbiota, the causes of diarrhea after Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, and its management.
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Duarte N, Salazar V, Casanova G, Suárez P, Fernández-Delgado M. Occurrence of Helicobacter spp. and Fecal Bacterial Contamination in High-altitude Aquatic Environments from the Andes. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:433-440. [PMID: 34347116 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03347-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of Helicobacter spp. and fecal bacterial contamination was investigated in high-altitude environments from the Northeastern Andes of Venezuela. Helicobacter DNA was detected by PCR in streams, drinking and irrigation waters, and one culture from drinking water by the HP enrichment medium for selection of Helicobacter pylori, which displayed 98.98% homology to this pathogen based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. FISH demonstrated predominant coccoid cells of the target bacteria indicative of the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state in all water samples and HP cultures. Our work reveals for the first time Helicobacter spp. in waters from one of the highest places in the world. These results, together with the presence of fecal coliforms (2-160 MPN/100 mL) from the headwaters of rivers to drinking and irrigation waters, alert fecal contamination and epidemiological implications in this area of ecological and economic importance for the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nereida Duarte
- Instituto Autónomo Hospital, Universitario de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Víctor Salazar
- Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Altos de Pipe, Miranda, Venezuela
| | - Gerardo Casanova
- Instituto Autónomo Hospital, Universitario de Los Andes, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Paula Suárez
- Departamento de Biología de Organismos, Universidad Simón Bolívar (USB), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Milagro Fernández-Delgado
- Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Altos de Pipe, Miranda, Venezuela.
- Centro de Ingeniería de Materiales y Nanotecnología, IVIC, Altos de Pipe, Miranda, Venezuela.
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30
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Goji berry juice fermented by probiotics attenuates dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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31
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Zhou Y, Ye Z, Wang Y, Huang Z, Zheng C, Shi J, Tang W, Zhang P, Wang S, Huang Y. Long-term changes in the gut microbiota after triple therapy, sequential therapy, bismuth quadruple therapy and concomitant therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication in Chinese children. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12809. [PMID: 33899288 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that the administration of 14-day standard triple therapy (TT), sequential therapy (ST), bismuth-based quadruple therapy (BT), and concomitant therapy (CT) as the first-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese children achieved eradication rates of 74.1%, 69.5%, 89.8%, and 84.6%, respectively. In this follow-up study, we further evaluated the short- and long-term effects of the four regimens on the gut microbiota in these children. METHODS We prospectively recruited treatment-naïve children with H. pylori infection. Fecal samples were collected at week 0, 2, 6, and 52, and alterations in the gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Sixty-three patients participated in this study (16 with TT, 15 with ST, 16 with BT and 16 with CT). At week 2, the alpha diversity (Shannon and Chao 1 index) was significantly reduced in the TT (p = 0.008, p < 0.001), ST (p < 0.001, p < 0.001), BT (p < 0.001, p < 0.001) and CT groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.001). Some changes persisted in the ST, BT, and CT groups at week 6, and all were restored (expect p = 0.02 with Chao 1 index in the CT group) at week 52. The beta diversity was significantly changed in the BT (p = 0.001) and CT groups (p = 0.001) 2 weeks post-eradication and restored 1 year after therapy. Immediately after therapy, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was strikingly increased in the ST (p = 0.005), BT (p < 0.001) and CT groups (p < 0.001), and the genus-level analysis showed that the abundances of 23.1%, 43.3%, 78.6%, and 78% of the bacterial genera in the TT, ST, BT, and CT groups were significantly changed. All these changes returned to almost the pre-eradication level 1 year post-eradication. CONCLUSION Eradication of H. pylori infection can lead to transient dysbiosis of gut microbiota, and these changes almost recovered 1 year post-eradication, which indicates the long-term safety of H. pylori therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqing Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiheng Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuifang Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieru Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengnan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai, China
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Shah T, Baloch Z, Shah Z, Cui X, Xia X. The Intestinal Microbiota: Impacts of Antibiotics Therapy, Colonization Resistance, and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126597. [PMID: 34202945 PMCID: PMC8235228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trillions of microbes exist in the human body, particularly the gastrointestinal tract, coevolved with the host in a mutually beneficial relationship. The main role of the intestinal microbiome is the fermentation of non-digestible substrates and increased growth of beneficial microbes that produce key antimicrobial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, etc., to inhibit the growth of pathogenic microbes besides other functions. Intestinal microbiota can prevent pathogen colonization through the mechanism of colonization resistance. A wide range of resistomes are present in both beneficial and pathogenic microbes. Giving antibiotic exposure to the intestinal microbiome (both beneficial and hostile) can trigger a resistome response, affecting colonization resistance. The following review provides a mechanistic overview of the intestinal microbiome and the impacts of antibiotic therapy on pathogen colonization and diseases. Further, we also discuss the epidemiology of immunocompromised patients who are at high risk for nosocomial infections, colonization and decolonization of multi-drug resistant organisms in the intestine, and the direct and indirect mechanisms that govern colonization resistance to the pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taif Shah
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zulqarnain Baloch
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.B.); (X.C.); (X.X.)
| | - Zahir Shah
- Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Sciences, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Xiuming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming 650500, China
- Correspondence: (Z.B.); (X.C.); (X.X.)
| | - Xueshan Xia
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
- Correspondence: (Z.B.); (X.C.); (X.X.)
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Kakiuchi T, Yamamoto K, Imamura I, Hashiguchi K, Kawakubo H, Yamaguchi D, Fujioka Y, Okuda M. Gut microbiota changes related to Helicobacter pylori eradication with vonoprazan containing triple therapy among adolescents: a prospective multicenter study. Sci Rep 2021; 11:755. [PMID: 33436953 PMCID: PMC7804423 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80802-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, it is unclear whether treating Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is safe among adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of H. pylori eradication therapy by examining gut microbiota changes in adolescents 3 months after the therapy. H. pylori-infected adolescents were enrolled in this study. Their stool samples were collected at the following three time points: before treatment, 1-2 days after completion of treatment, and time of eradication successful judgment. We assessed the relative abundance, alpha-diversity, and beta-diversity of the gut microbiota and adverse events. The number of isolated Actinobacteria decreased immediately after eradication therapy in the 16 students included in the study, and it returned to pretreatment condition at the eradication judgment point. There was no change in the relative abundance at genus level. The alpha-diversity was lost immediately after eradication therapy; however, it recovered at the time of eradication judgment, and it was restored to pretreatment condition. Meanwhile, none of the participants experienced serious adverse events. H. pylori eradication therapy is safe for adolescents with respect to gut microbiota changes associated with H. pylori eradication therapy. Therefore, further long-term evaluations of gut microbiota changes following eradication therapy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiko Kakiuchi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
| | - Kentaroh Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamamoto Memorial Hospital, Imari, Japan
| | - Ichiro Imamura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Imamura Hospital, Tosu, Japan
| | | | - Hiroharu Kawakubo
- Department of Gastroenterology, ImariArita Kyoritsu Hospital, Nishimatsuura, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yamaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ureshino Medical Center, Ureshino, Japan
| | | | - Masumi Okuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
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Martin-Nuñez GM, Cornejo-Pareja I, Clemente-Postigo M, Tinahones FJ. Gut Microbiota: The Missing Link Between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Metabolic Disorders? Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:639856. [PMID: 34220702 PMCID: PMC8247771 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.639856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium that infects approximately 4.4 billion individuals worldwide. Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic, this bacterium colonizes the gastric mucosa causing the development of various clinical conditions as peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinomas and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas, but complications are not limited to gastric ones. Extradigestive pathologies, including metabolic disturbances such as diabetes, obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, have also been associated with H. pylori infection. However, the underlying mechanisms connecting H. pylori with extragastric metabolic diseases needs to be clarified. Notably, the latest studies on the topic have confirmed that H. pylori infection modulates gut microbiota in humans. Damage in the gut bacterial community (dysbiosis) has been widely related to metabolic dysregulation by affecting adiposity, host energy balance, carbohydrate metabolism, and hormonal modulation, among others. Taking into account that Type 2 diabetic patients are more prone to be H. pylori positive, gut microbiota emerges as putative key factor responsible for this interaction. In this regard, the therapy of choice for H. pylori eradication, based on proton pump inhibitor combined with two or more antibiotics, also alters gut microbiota composition, but consequences on metabolic health of the patients has been scarcely explored. Recent studies from our group showed that, despite decreasing gut bacterial diversity, conventional H. pylori eradication therapy is related to positive changes in glucose and lipid profiles. The mechanistic insights explaining these effects should also be addressed in future research. This review will deal with the role of gut microbiota as the linking factor between H. pylori infection and metabolic diseases, and discussed the impact that gut bacterial modulation by H. pylori eradication treatment can also have in host's metabolism. For this purpose, new evidence from the latest human studies published in more recent years will be analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracia M. Martin-Nuñez
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cornejo-Pareja
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology. Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)-Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco J. Tinahones, ; Mercedes Clemente-Postigo,
| | - Francisco J. Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición (Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Francisco J. Tinahones, ; Mercedes Clemente-Postigo,
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Chen CC, Liou JM, Lee YC, Hong TC, El-Omar EM, Wu MS. The interplay between Helicobacter pylori and gastrointestinal microbiota. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1-22. [PMID: 33938378 PMCID: PMC8096336 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1909459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex population of microbes in the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract interacts with itself and with the host, exerting a deep influence on health and disease development. The development of modern sequencing technology has enabled us to gain insight into GI microbes. Helicobacter pylori colonization significantly affects the gastric microenvironment, which in turn affects gastric microbiota and may be correlated with colonic microbiota changes. Crosstalk between H. pylori and GI commensal flora may play a role in H. pylori-related carcinogenicity and extragastric manifestations. We review current knowledge on how H. pylori shapes GI microbiota with a specific focus on its impact on the stomach and colon. We also review current evidence on colonic microbiota changes attributed to eradication therapy based on the clinical studies performed to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chieh-Chang Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Ming Liou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chan Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sun YY, Jing DD. Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastrointestinal microecology. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:1261-1265. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i24.1261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common human bacterial pathogenh that infects more than 50% of the global natural population. In the absence of proper treatment, H. pylori will persist. H. pylori infection leads to changes in gastrointestinal flora, which is associated with a variety of gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. In recent years, intestinal microecology has become a research hotspot, and the relationship between H. pylori infection and intestinal microecology has gradually attracted researchers' attention. H. pylori eradication leads to short-term changes in intestinal flora, but its long-term effects are unclear. The use of probiotics may have a positive impact on H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201600, China
| | - Da-Dao Jing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai 201600, China
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Krzyżek P, Gościniak G, Fijałkowski K, Migdał P, Dziadas M, Owczarek A, Czajkowska J, Aniołek O, Junka A. Potential of Bacterial Cellulose Chemisorbed with Anti-Metabolites, 3-Bromopyruvate or Sertraline, to Fight against Helicobacter pylori Lawn Biofilm. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9507. [PMID: 33327555 PMCID: PMC7765062 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium known mainly of its ability to cause persistent inflammations of the human stomach, resulting in peptic ulcer diseases and gastric cancers. Continuous exposure of this bacterium to antibiotics has resulted in high detection of multidrug-resistant strains and difficulties in obtaining a therapeutic effect. The purpose of the present study was to determine the usability of bacterial cellulose (BC) chemisorbed with 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP) or sertraline (SER) to act against lawn H. pylori biofilms. The characterization of BC carriers was made using a N2 adsorption/desorption analysis, tensile strength test, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Determination of an antimicrobial activity was performed using a modified disk-diffusion method and a self-designed method of testing antibacterial activity against biofilm microbial forms. In addition, bacterial morphology was checked by SEM. It was found that BC disks were characterized by a high cross-linking and shear/stretch resistance. Growth inhibition zones for BC disks chemisorbed with 2 mg of SER or 3-BP were equal to 26.5-27.5 mm and 27-30 mm, respectively. The viability of lawn biofilm H. pylori cells after a 4-h incubation with 2 mg SER or 3-BP chemisorbed on BC disks was ≥4 log lower, suggesting their antibacterial effect. SEM observations showed a number of morphostructural changes in H. pylori cells exposed to these substances. Concluding, SER and 3-BP chemisorbed on BC carriers presented a promising antibacterial activity against biofilm H. pylori cells in in vitro conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Krzyżek
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Grażyna Gościniak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Karol Fijałkowski
- Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Paweł Migdał
- Department of Environment, Hygiene and Animal Welfare, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mariusz Dziadas
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-353 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Artur Owczarek
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Czajkowska
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Polish Center for Technology Development PORT, 54-066 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Olga Aniołek
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Junka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Parasitology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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38
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Tao ZH, Han JX, Fang JY. Helicobacter pylori infection and eradication: Exploring their impacts on the gastrointestinal microbiota. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12754. [PMID: 32876377 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of microbiota research has remolded our view of human physiological and pathological processes. Among all the gastrointestinal microorganisms, Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is probably the most notorious constituent. Although half of the adults worldwide are infected with H pylori, their clinical manifestations vary widely, suggesting other microorganisms beyond H pylori may play a role in determining clinical outcomes. Recently, many studies have put effort into elucidating the crosstalk within the human microbiota, some of which specifically explored the interplay between H pylori and other gastrointestinal microbial members. In this work, we reviewed these potential interactions. Meanwhile, the impacts of H pylori eradication therapy on gastrointestinal microbial homeostasis were summarized in terms of diversity, composition, functional capacity, and antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hang Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Xuan Han
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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39
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Ramirez J, Guarner F, Bustos Fernandez L, Maruy A, Sdepanian VL, Cohen H. Antibiotics as Major Disruptors of Gut Microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:572912. [PMID: 33330122 PMCID: PMC7732679 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.572912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in culture-independent research techniques have led to an increased understanding of the gut microbiota and the role it plays in health and disease. The intestine is populated by a complex microbial community that is organized around a network of metabolic interdependencies. It is now understood that the gut microbiota is vital for normal development and functioning of the human body, especially for the priming and maturation of the adaptive immune system. Antibiotic use can have several negative effects on the gut microbiota, including reduced species diversity, altered metabolic activity, and the selection of antibiotic-resistant organisms, which in turn can lead to antibiotic-associated diarrhea and recurrent Clostridioides difficile infections. There is also evidence that early childhood exposure to antibiotics can lead to several gastrointestinal, immunologic, and neurocognitive conditions. The increase in the use of antibiotics in recent years suggests that these problems are likely to become more acute or more prevalent in the future. Continued research into the structure and function of the gut microbiota is required to address this challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Ramirez
- Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Instituto Nacional de Pediatria, Mexico City, Mexico.,Facultad Nacional de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Guarner
- Digestive System Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis Bustos Fernandez
- Instituto de Gastroenterologia, Centro Medico Bustos Fernandez (CMBF), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Aldo Maruy
- Catedra de Pediatria, Hospital Cayetano Heredia, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Vera Lucia Sdepanian
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Pediatric Department, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Henry Cohen
- Gastroenterology, National School of Medicine, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Advantages and Limitations of 16S rRNA Next-Generation Sequencing for Pathogen Identification in the Diagnostic Microbiology Laboratory: Perspectives from a Middle-Income Country. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100816. [PMID: 33066371 PMCID: PMC7602188 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial culture and biochemical testing (CBtest) have been the cornerstone of pathogen identification in the diagnostic microbiology laboratory. With the advent of Sanger sequencing and later, next-generation sequencing, 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing (16SNGS) has been proposed to be a plausible platform for this purpose. Nevertheless, usage of the 16SNGS platform has both advantages and limitations. In addition, transition from the traditional methods of CBtest to 16SNGS requires procurement of costly equipment, timely and sustainable maintenance of these platforms, specific facility infrastructure and technical expertise. All these factors pose a challenge for middle-income countries, more so for countries in the lower middle-income range. In this review, we describe the basis for CBtest and 16SNGS, and discuss the limitations, challenges, advantages and future potential of using 16SNGS for bacterial pathogen identification in diagnostic microbiology laboratories of middle-income countries.
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Fisher L, Fisher A, Smith PN. Helicobacter pylori Related Diseases and Osteoporotic Fractures (Narrative Review). J Clin Med 2020; 9:E3253. [PMID: 33053671 PMCID: PMC7600664 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9103253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) and osteoporotic fractures (OFs) are common multifactorial and heterogenic disorders of increasing incidence. Helicobacter pylori (H.p.) colonizes the stomach approximately in half of the world's population, causes gastroduodenal diseases and is prevalent in numerous extra-digestive diseases known to be associated with OP/OF. The studies regarding relationship between H.p. infection (HPI) and OP/OFs are inconsistent. The current review summarizes the relevant literature on the potential role of HPI in OP, falls and OFs and highlights the reasons for controversies in the publications. In the first section, after a brief overview of HPI biological features, we analyze the studies evaluating the association of HPI and bone status. The second part includes data on the prevalence of OP/OFs in HPI-induced gastroduodenal diseases (peptic ulcer, chronic/atrophic gastritis and cancer) and the effects of acid-suppressive drugs. In the next section, we discuss the possible contribution of HPI-associated extra-digestive diseases and medications to OP/OF, focusing on conditions affecting both bone homeostasis and predisposing to falls. In the last section, we describe clinical implications of accumulated data on HPI as a co-factor of OP/OF and present a feasible five-step algorithm for OP/OF risk assessment and management in regard to HPI, emphasizing the importance of an integrative (but differentiated) holistic approach. Increased awareness about the consequences of HPI linked to OP/OF can aid early detection and management. Further research on the HPI-OP/OF relationship is needed to close current knowledge gaps and improve clinical management of both OP/OF and HPI-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Fisher
- Department of Gastroenterology, Frankston Hospital, Peninsula Health, Melbourne 3199, Australia
| | - Alexander Fisher
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra 2605, Australia;
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra 2605, Australia;
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra 2605, Australia
| | - Paul N Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Canberra Hospital, ACT Health, Canberra 2605, Australia;
- Australian National University Medical School, Canberra 2605, Australia
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Zhou Y, Ye Z, Lu J, Miao S, Lu X, Sun H, Wu J, Wang Y, Huang Y. Long-term changes in the gut microbiota after 14-day bismuth quadruple therapy in penicillin-allergic children. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12721. [PMID: 32656891 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penicillin-allergic children who are infected with Helicobacter pylori constitute a relatively common subgroup. We aimed to study the short-term and long-term effects of bismuth quadruple therapy on gut microbiota in penicillin-allergic children. METHODS We prospectively recruited treatment-naive children with H pylori infection and H pylori-negative asymptomatic children as healthy controls. Patients received 14-day bismuth quadruple therapy consisting of omeprazole, clarithromycin, metronidazole, and bismuth. Fecal samples were collected at weeks 0, 2, 6, and 52. Alterations in the gut microbiota were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Twenty-two subjects (14 gastritis patients, 8 duodenal ulcer patients) and 23 controls participated in this study. At week 2, alpha diversity was reduced in both gastritis (P < .05) and ulcer (except P = .16 with Chao 1 index) patients compared with baseline. Some changes persisted at week 6, and all were restored at week 52. Beta diversity was significantly altered 2 weeks after treatment in the gastritis and duodenal ulcer groups (P = .001, P = .002, respectively) and restored at weeks 6 and 52. The mean relative abundance of Bacteroidetes (P < .001, P = .005, respectively) decreased and that of Proteobacteria increased (P < .001, P = .03, respectively). All alterations recovered at week 6 and 52. In both the gastritis and ulcer groups at week 2, some beneficial bacteria were decreased including Bacteroides (P < .001 and P = .003), Faecalibacterium (P < .001 and P = .02), Phascolarctobacterium (P = .002 and P = .004), Roseburia ( P < .001 and P = .13), Bifidobacterium (P = .08 and P = .04), and Blautia (P < .001 and P = .002). Some detrimental bacteria were increased including Escherichia-Shigella (P < .001 and P = .19), Klebsiella (P < .001, and P = .09), Enterococcus (P < .001 and P = .007), and Streptococcus (P = .002 and P = .004). The changes returned to almost the pre-eradication level 1 year after therapy. CONCLUSION Bismuth quadruple therapy causes short-term dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Most changes recovered 1-year post-eradication, indicating the long-term safety of H pylori therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziqing Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junping Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shijian Miao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolan Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhuan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gudra D, Pupola D, Skenders G, Leja M, Radovica-Spalvina I, Gorskis H, Vangravs R, Fridmanis D. Lack of significant differences between gastrointestinal tract microbial population structure of Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects before and 2 years after a single eradication event. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12748. [PMID: 32776403 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to recent estimates 80% of Latvian population is infected with Helicobacter pylori thus their susceptibility to numerous gastric tract diseases is increased. The 1st line H. pylori eradication therapy includes treatment with clarithromycin in combination with amoxicillin or metronidazole and a proton pump inhibitor. However, potential adverse events caused by such therapies to microbiome are insufficiently studied. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effect of H. pylori eradication on human gastrointestinal tract (GIT) microbiome. METHODS The assessment of H pylori eradication impact on GIT microbiome was done by analyzing 120 samples acquired from 60 subjects. Each individual was prescribed the following 10-day eradication regimen: Esomeprazolum 40 mg, Clarithromycinum 500 mg, and Amoxicillinum 1000 mg, BID. Samples from each individual were collected before starting H pylori eradication therapy, and 2 years after the completion of the therapy in OC-Sensor (Eiken Chemical Co.) sample collection containers and stored at -86°C. Prior to DNA extraction, the samples were lyophilized, and total DNA was extracted using FastDNA Spin Kit for Soil. 16S V3 rRNA gene sequencing was done employing Ion Torrent PGM, and the obtained raw sequences were analyzed using vsearch and R (phyloseq, cluster packages). RESULTS Alpha diversity measurements-observed OTUs, Chao1 and Shannon index did not differ significantly between the pre- and post-eradication states (two-tailed paired t test: P = .95; P = .71, P = .24, respectively). Unweighted and weighted UniFrac distances of beta diversity analysis indicated a non-specific pattern of sample clustering. Enterotype shift was observed for the majority of individuals comparing pre- and post-eradication study groups. Association analysis revealed that certain bacterial genera significantly correlated with age (eg, Dialister, Paraprevotella, Bifidobacterium), individual (eg, Thermotunica, Streptomyces, Faecalibacterium), and history of respiratory and/or allergic diseases (eg, Colinsella, Faecalibacterium). Redundancy analysis confirmed that the individual was a significant determinant of the subject's microbial community composition (ANOVA, 999 perm., P = .001) with the further lower impact of subject-specific medical history (eg, medication used as prescribed: P = .005, history of cardiovascular diseases: P = .005, history of respiratory, and/or allergic diseases: P = .015) and physiological (eg, age: P = .005, gender: P = .02) parameters. In the post-eradication study group, number of influential genera (n = 260) was increased compared to the pre-eradication study group (n = 209). CONCLUSION Modest global differences at the community level exist between individuals before and after the eradication therapy; however, the microbiome structure is more related to the subject-specific parameters rather than by the eradication therapy itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Gudra
- Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Darta Pupola
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Girts Skenders
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Marcis Leja
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Henrihs Gorskis
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
| | - Reinis Vangravs
- Institute of Clinical and Preventive Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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Abstract
Alternate remedies with natural products provides unlimited opportunities for new drug development. These can be either as pure compounds or as standardized set of compounds. The phytochemicals and secondary metabolites are in great demand for screening bioactive compounds and plays an important role towards drug development. Natural products have many advantages over to synthetic chemical drugs. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) a Gram-negative bacteria has been classified as Class I carcinogen by World Health Organization in 1994. Current treatment regimens for H. pylori is ‘triple therapy’ administrated for two weeks which includes a combination of two antibiotics like Amoxicillin and Clarithromycin and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) like Lansoprazole, and for ‘quadruple therapy’ in addition to antibiotics and a PPI, Bismuth is used. Antibiotic resistance can be named as the main factor for failure of treatment of H. pylori infection. The need of the hour is to develop a herbal remedy that could combat the growth of H. pylori. Probiotics can also be used as ‘feasible’ tool for H. pylori infection management. Present review is an attempt to briefly discuss about the pathogenicity, genetic predisposition, perturbation of gut microbiota due to antibiotic treatment and restoration of healthy gut microbiota with phytochemicals and probiotics.
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Guo Y, Zhang Y, Gerhard M, Gao JJ, Mejias-Luque R, Zhang L, Vieth M, Ma JL, Bajbouj M, Suchanek S, Liu WD, Ulm K, Quante M, Li ZX, Zhou T, Schmid R, Classen M, Li WQ, You WC, Pan KF. Effect of Helicobacter pylori on gastrointestinal microbiota: a population-based study in Linqu, a high-risk area of gastric cancer. Gut 2020; 69:1598-1607. [PMID: 31857433 PMCID: PMC7456744 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Gastrointestinal microbiota may be involved in Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer development. The aim of this study was to explore the possible microbial mechanisms in gastric carcinogenesis and potential dysbiosis arising from H. pylori infection. DESIGN Deep sequencing of the microbial 16S ribosomal RNA gene was used to investigate alterations in paired gastric biopsies and stool samples in 58 subjects with successful and 57 subjects with failed anti-H. pylori treatment, relative to 49 H. pylori negative subjects. RESULTS In H. pylori positive subjects, richness and Shannon indexes increased significantly (both p<0.001) after successful eradication and showed no difference to those of negative subjects (p=0.493 for richness and p=0.420 for Shannon index). Differential taxa analysis identified 18 significantly altered gastric genera after eradication. The combination of these genera into a Microbial Dysbiosis Index revealed that the dysbiotic microbiota in H. pylori positive mucosa was associated with advanced gastric lesions (chronic atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia/dysplasia) and could be reversed by eradication. Strong coexcluding interactions between Helicobacter and Fusobacterium, Neisseria, Prevotella, Veillonella, Rothia were found only in advanced gastric lesion patients, and were absent in normal/superficial gastritis group. Changes in faecal microbiota included increased Bifidobacterium after successful H. pylori eradication and more upregulated drug-resistant functional orthologs after failed treatment. CONCLUSION H. pylori infection contributes significantly to gastric microbial dysbiosis that may be involved in carcinogenesis. Successful H. pylori eradication potentially restores gastric microbiota to a similar status as found in uninfected individuals, and shows beneficial effects on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Markus Gerhard
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Juan-Juan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Raquel Mejias-Luque
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Vieth
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jun-Ling Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Monther Bajbouj
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stepan Suchanek
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Department of Medicine, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Military University Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wei-Dong Liu
- Linqu Public Health Bureau, Linqu, Shandong, China
| | - Kurt Ulm
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Statistics and Epidemiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Quante
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Zhe-Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Tong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Roland Schmid
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Meinhard Classen
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
- II. Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Wen-Qing Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Wei-Cheng You
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
| | - Kai-Feng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
- PYLOTUM Key joint laboratory for upper GI cancer, Technische Universität München/Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Munich/Beijing, Germany/China
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46
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Mohammadi SO, Yadegar A, Kargar M, Mirjalali H, Kafilzadeh F. The impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on gut microbiota-endocrine system axis; modulation of metabolic hormone levels and energy homeostasis. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:1855-1861. [PMID: 33553045 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that is involved in the development and preservation of the immune system, energy homeostasis and nutritional status of the host. The crosstalk between gut microbiota and the host cells modulates host physiology and metabolism through different mechanisms. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is known to reside in the gastric mucosa, induce inflammation, and alter both gastric and intestinal microbiota resulting in a broad spectrum of diseases, in particular metabolic syndrome-related disorders. Infection with H. pylori have been shown to affect production level and physiological regulation of the gut metabolic hormones such as ghrelin and leptin which are involved in food intake, energy expenditure and body mass. In this study, we reviewed and discussed data from the literature and follow-up investigations that links H. pylori infection to alterations of the gut microbiota and metabolic hormone levels, which can exert broad influences on host metabolism, energy homeostasis, behavior, appetite, growth, reproduction and immunity. Also, we discussed the strong potential of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as an innovative and promising investigational treatment option for homeostasis of metabolic hormone levels to overcome H. pylori-associated metabolic syndrome-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kargar
- Department of Microbiology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirjalali
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshid Kafilzadeh
- Department of Biology, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Jahrom, Iran
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47
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Martín-Núñez GM, Cornejo-Pareja I, Roca-Rodríguez MDM, Clemente-Postigo M, Cardona F, Fernández-García JC, Moreno-Indias I, Tinahones FJ. H. pylori Eradication Treatment Causes Alterations in the Gut Microbiota and Blood Lipid Levels. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:417. [PMID: 32850910 PMCID: PMC7431686 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The gut microbiome plays an important role in the lipid metabolism. Antibiotic treatment causes changes in the intestinal microbiota. Our objective was to explore the relationship between changes in the intestinal microbiota and the level of plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL). Methods: Prospective case-control study with Helicobacter pylori-positive patients undergoing eradication therapy with omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin. Stool and blood samples were obtained from 20 controls (H. pylori negative) and 40 patients before and 2 months after antibiotic treatment. Gut microbiota was determined through 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing (Illumina MiSeq). Results: Eradication treatment for H. pylori increased the HDL levels, and caused changes in gut microbiota profiles. An unfavorable lipid profiles (high LDL and low HDL levels) was associated with a low microbial richness and an increase of the Bacteroidetes phylum. Prevotella copri, Lachonobacterium, and Delsufovibrio were positively associated with HDL while Rikenellaceae was negatively associated with HDL after completing antibiotic treatment. Conclusions:Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment could improve lipid metabolism in relation with an increase in the HDL. Changes in the abundance of specific bacteria, such as P. copri, Lachonobacterium, Delsufovibrio, and Rikenellaceae could be associated with change in the plasma HDL levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracia M Martín-Núñez
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cornejo-Pareja
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Mercedes Clemente-Postigo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Universidad de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José C Fernández-García
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Moreno-Indias
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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48
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Ye Q, Shao X, Shen R, Chen D, Shen J. Changes in the human gut microbiota composition caused by Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12713. [PMID: 32515529 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The short-term and long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) eradication on the gut microbiota is controversial; hence, this study aimed to clarify changes in the gut microbiome and microbial diversity after H pylori eradication. MATERIALS AND METHODS Articles published in PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE were searched up to March 20, 2020, with English-language restriction. The outcomes including gut microbiota and alpha diversity were extracted to analysis. And then, Review Manager 5.3 software was used to conduct the data analysis. RESULTS At phylum level, next-generation sequencing was performed. Meta-analysis results showed that Actinobacteria decreased compared with baseline throughout the follow-up period. Proteobacteria increased during short-term follow-up and then returned to normal. In addition, Bacteroidetes decreased and Firmicutes increased only during long-term follow-up. At family or genus level, conventional microbiological culturing was performed. Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus both increased during the short-term and interim follow-up. In addition, Lactobacillus only showed a decreasing trend during short-term follow-up, but it appeared statistical decreasing during interim follow-up. Moreover, relatively sufficient evidence showed that alpha diversity decreased during short-term follow-up, and no reliable data were obtained to confirm the change of alpha diversity during interim and long-term follow-up. CONCLUSION In different follow-up periods after H pylori eradication, changes in gut microbiota were inconsistent. Microbial diversity decreased in the short-term follow-up, while there was no data to confirm subsequent alterations. The results provided a basis for the rational selection of probiotics in the eradication process. However, further studies are needed to obtain more clues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qunqun Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiaona Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Ruiwei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Dawei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jianwei Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
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49
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Liou JM, Lee YC, Wu MS. Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection and its long-term impacts on gut microbiota. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 35:1107-1116. [PMID: 31984532 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The rising prevalence of antibiotic resistance and the long-term safety following eradication therapy are important issues in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection. The prevalence of clarithromycin, levofloxacin, and metronidazole resistance of H. pylori has increased to 21%, 27%, and 45%, respectively, in the Asia-Pacific region. Personalized treatment guided by susceptibility testing may provide a reliably excellent eradication rate in the first-line treatment but is costly and not widely available. Population-specific empirical therapy according to the local prevalence of antibiotic resistance may be an alternative strategy. Levofloxacin-based therapy and bismuth quadruple therapy are the recommended second-line rescue therapy. Susceptibility testing or genotypic resistance-guided therapy is the preferred treatment for refractory H. pylori infection, but empirical therapy may be an acceptable alternative. Eradication of H. pylori leads to short-term perturbation of gut microbiota. The diversity of gut microbiota can be restored months after eradication therapy, but the speed of recovery varies with regimens. The short-term increases of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae may be restored to basal states months after H. pylori eradication. Future studies that apply in-depth sequencing, such as shotgun metagenomics sequencing, are needed to clarify whether the compositions of gut microbiota at the species level are fully restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ming Liou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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50
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Liou JM, Chen CC, Chang CM, Fang YJ, Bair MJ, Chen PY, Chang CY, Hsu YC, Chen MJ, Chen CC, Lee JY, Yang TH, Luo JC, Chen CY, Hsu WF, Chen YN, Wu JY, Lin JT, Lu TP, Chuang EY, El-Omar EM, Wu MS. Long-term changes of gut microbiota, antibiotic resistance, and metabolic parameters after Helicobacter pylori eradication: a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 19:1109-1120. [PMID: 31559966 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(19)30272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In first-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori, we have previously shown that the eradication frequency was 83·7% (95% CI 80·4-86·6) for triple therapy for 14 days (T14; lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, and clarithromycin 500 mg, all given twice daily), 85·9% (82·7-88·6) for concomitant therapy for 10 days (C10; lansoprazole 30 mg, amoxicillin 1 g, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 500 mg, all given twice daily), and 90·4% (87·6-92·6) for bismuth quadruple therapy for 10 days (BQ10; bismuth tripotassium dicitrate 300 mg four times a day, lansoprazole 30 mg twice daily, tetracycline 500 mg four times a day, and metronidazole 500 mg three times a day). In this follow-up study, we assess short-term and long-term effects of these therapies on the gut microbiota, antibiotic resistance, and metabolic parameters. METHODS This was a multicentre, open-label, randomised trial done at nine medical centres in Taiwan. Adult patients (>20 years) with documented H pylori infection were randomly assigned (1:1:1, with block sizes of six) to receive T14, C10, or BQ10. We assessed long-term outcomes (reinfection frequency, changes in the gut microbiota, antibiotic resistance, and metabolic parameters) in patients with available data, excluding all protocol violators and those with unknown post-treatment H pylori status. Faecal samples were collected before treatment and 2 weeks, 2 months, and at least 1 year after eradication therapy. Amplification of the V3 and V4 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA was done followed by high-throughput sequencing. Susceptibility testing for faecal Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae was done. This trial is complete and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01906879. FINDINGS Between July 17, 2013, and April 20, 2016, 1620 participants were randomly assigned to the three treatment groups (540 [33%] per group). 1214 (75%) attended 1-year follow-up and are included in this analysis. Compared with baseline, alpha diversity was significantly reduced 2 weeks after T14 (p=0·0002), C10 (p<0·0001), and BQ10 (p<0·0001) treatment. Beta diversity was also significantly altered 2 weeks after T14 (p=0·0010), C10 (p=0·0001), and BQ10 (p=0·0001). Alpha diversity and beta diversity were restored at week 8 (p=0·14 and p=0·918, respectively) and 1 year (p=0·14 and p=0·918) after T14, but were not fully recovered at week 8 and after 1 year in patients treated with C10 (p=0·0001 and p=0·013 at week 8; p=0·019 and p=0·064 at 1 year) and BQ10 (p<0·0001 and p=0·0002; p=0·001 and p=0·029). A transient increase at week 2 after T14 and C10 of the resistance rates of E coli to ampicillin-sulbactam (12% [15/127] to 66% [38/58] for T14, 7% [10/135] to 64% [28/44] for C10), cefazolin (13% [16/127] to 43% [25/58] for T14, 10% [13/135] to 41% [18/44] for C10), cefmetazole (8% [10/127] to 26% [15/58] for T14, 4% [5/135] to 18% [8/44] for C10), levofloxacin (8% [10/127] to 35% [20/58] for T14, 7% [10/135] to 32% [14/44] for C10), gentamicin (13% [19/146] to 47% [27/58] for T14, 15% [22/149] to 45% [20/44] for C10), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (33% [48/146] to 86% [50/58] for T14, 28% [42/148] to 86% [38/44] for C10; p<0·05 in paired samples in the above analyses) returned to basal state at week 8 and after 1 year. Although bodyweight and body-mass index slightly increased, there were significant improvements in metabolic parameters, with a decrease in insulin resistance, triglycerides, and LDL and an increase in HDL. Overall, there was no significant change in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome at week 8 and 1 year after T14, C10, and BQ10. INTERPRETATION Eradication of H pylori infection has minimal disruption of the microbiota, no effect on antibiotic resistance of E coli, and some positive effects on metabolic parameters. Collectively, these results lend support to the long-term safety of H pylori eradication therapy. FUNDING National Taiwan University Hospital and Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ming Liou
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Chang Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Chang
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jen Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jong Bair
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taitung Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taitung, Taiwan; Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yueh Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yang Chang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chun Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jyh Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chuan Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Yuh Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hua Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan
| | - Jiing-Chyuan Luo
- Department of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, School of Medicine and Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal medicine, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Feng Hsu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Nien Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yih Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jaw-Town Lin
- Digestive Medicine Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pin Lu
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eric Y Chuang
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core, Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
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