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Purewal JS, Doshi GM. Deciphering the Function of New Therapeutic Targets and Prospective Biomarkers in the Management of Psoriasis. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1224-1238. [PMID: 38037998 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501277656231128060242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated skin condition affecting people worldwide, presenting at any age, and leading to a substantial burden physically and mentally. The innate and adaptive immune systems interact intricately with the pathomechanisms that underlie disease. T cells can interact with keratinocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells through the cytokines they secrete. According to recent research, psoriasis flare-ups can cause systemic inflammation and various other co-morbidities, including depression, psoriatic arthritis, and cardio-metabolic syndrome. Additionally, several auto-inflammatory and auto-immune illnesses may be linked to psoriasis. Although psoriasis has no proven treatment, care must strive by treating patients as soon as the disease surfaces, finding and preventing concurrent multimorbidity, recognising and reducing bodily and psychological distress, requiring behavioural modifications, and treating each patient individually. Biomarkers are traits that are assessed at any time along the clinical continuum, from the early stages of a disease through the beginning of treatment (the foundation of precision medicine) to the late stages of treatment (outcomes and endpoints). Systemic therapies that are frequently used to treat psoriasis provide a variety of outcomes. Targeted therapy selection, better patient outcomes, and more cost-effective healthcare would be made possible by biomarkers that reliably predict effectiveness and safety. This review is an attempt to understand the role of Antimicrobial peptides (AMP), Interleukin-38 (IL-38), autophagy 5 (ATG5) protein and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) as biomarkers of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Japneet Singh Purewal
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Mahesh Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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2
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S100 Proteins as Novel Therapeutic Targets in Psoriasis and Other Autoimmune Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196640. [PMID: 36235175 PMCID: PMC9572071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases affecting about 1-3% of the population. One of the characteristic abnormalities in psoriasis is the excessive production of antimicrobial peptides and proteins, which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Antimicrobial peptides and proteins can be expressed differently in normal and diseased skin, reflecting their usefulness as diagnostic biomarkers. Moreover, due to their very important functions in innate immunity, members of host defense peptides and proteins are currently considered to be promising new therapeutic targets for many inflammatory diseases. Koebnerisin (S100A15) belongs to an S100 family of antimicrobial proteins, which constitute the multigenetic group of calcium-binding proteins involved in ion-dependent cellular functions and regulation of immune mechanisms. S100A15 was first discovered to be overexpressed in 'koebnerized' psoriatic skin, indicating its involvement in the disease phenotype and the same promising potential as a new therapeutic target. This review describes the involvement of antimicrobial peptides and proteins in inflammatory diseases' development and therapy. The discussion focuses on S100 proteins, especially koebnerisin, which may be involved in the underlying mechanism of the Köebner phenomenon in psoriasis, as well as other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases described in the last decade.
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Singh P, Ali SA. Multifunctional Role of S100 Protein Family in the Immune System: An Update. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152274. [PMID: 35892571 PMCID: PMC9332480 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 is a broad subfamily of low-molecular weight calcium-binding proteins (9–14 kDa) with structural similarity and functional discrepancy. It is required for inflammation and cellular homeostasis, and can work extracellularly, intracellularly, or both. S100 members participate in a variety of activities in a healthy cell, including calcium storage and transport (calcium homeostasis). S100 isoforms that have previously been shown to play important roles in the immune system as alarmins (DAMPs), antimicrobial peptides, pro-inflammation stimulators, chemo-attractants, and metal scavengers during an innate immune response. Currently, during the pandemic, it was found that several members of the S100 family are implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID-19. Further, S100 family protein members were proposed to be used as a prognostic marker for COVID-19 infection identification using a nasal swab. In the present review, we compiled the vast majority of recent studies that focused on the multifunctionality of S100 proteins in the complex immune system and its associated activities. Furthermore, we shed light on the numerous molecular approaches and signaling cascades regulated by S100 proteins during immune response. In addition, we discussed the involvement of S100 protein members in abnormal defense systems during the pathogenesis of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Singh
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal 132001, India;
| | - Syed Azmal Ali
- Cell Biology and Proteomics Lab, Animal Biotechnology Center, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal 132001, India;
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-8708591790
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Mellor LF, Gago-Lopez N, Bakiri L, Schmidt FN, Busse B, Rauber S, Jimenez M, Megías D, Oterino-Soto S, Sanchez-Prieto R, Grivennikov S, Pu X, Oxford J, Ramming A, Schett G, Wagner EF. Keratinocyte-derived S100A9 modulates neutrophil infiltration and affects psoriasis-like skin and joint disease. Ann Rheum Dis 2022; 81:annrheumdis-2022-222229. [PMID: 35788494 PMCID: PMC9484400 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-222229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES S100A9, an alarmin that can form calprotectin (CP) heterodimers with S100A8, is mainly produced by keratinocytes and innate immune cells. The contribution of keratinocyte-derived S100A9 to psoriasis (Ps) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was evaluated using mouse models, and the potential usefulness of S100A9 as a Ps/PsA biomarker was assessed in patient samples. METHODS Conditional S100A9 mice were crossed with DKO* mice, an established psoriasis-like mouse model based on inducible epidermal deletion of c-Jun and JunB to achieve additional epidermal deletion of S100A9 (TKO* mice). Psoriatic skin and joint disease were evaluated in DKO* and TKO* by histology, microCT, RNA and proteomic analyses. Furthermore, S100A9 expression was analysed in skin, serum and synovial fluid samples of patients with Ps and PsA. RESULTS Compared with DKO* littermates, TKO* mice displayed enhanced skin disease severity, PsA incidence and neutrophil infiltration. Altered epidermal expression of selective pro-inflammatory genes and pathways, increased epidermal phosphorylation of STAT3 and higher circulating TNFα were observed in TKO* mice. In humans, synovial S100A9 levels were higher than the respective serum levels. Importantly, patients with PsA had significantly higher serum concentrations of S100A9, CP, VEGF, IL-6 and TNFα compared with patients with only Ps, but only S100A9 and CP could efficiently discriminate healthy individuals, patients with Ps and patients with PsA. CONCLUSIONS Keratinocyte-derived S100A9 plays a regulatory role in psoriatic skin and joint disease. In humans, S100A9/CP is a promising marker that could help in identifying patients with Ps at risk of developing PsA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Latifa Bakiri
- CNIO, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix N Schmidt
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn Busse
- Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon Rauber
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Jimenez
- CNIO, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Megías
- CNIO, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Sanchez-Prieto
- Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas Albacete, Albacete, Spain
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergei Grivennikov
- Cancer Prevention & Control, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xinzhu Pu
- Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Julia Oxford
- Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg and Universitatsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie, Friedrich-Alexander-University (FAU) Erlangen-Nurnberg and Universitatsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Erwin F Wagner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Berg AR, Hong CG, Svirydava M, Li H, Parel PM, Florida E, O'Hagan R, Pantoja CJ, Lateef SS, Anzenberg P, Harrington CL, Ward G, Zhou W, Sorokin AV, Chen MY, Teague HL, Buckler AJ, Playford MP, Gelfand JM, Mehta NN. Association of S100A8/A9 with lipid-rich necrotic core and treatment with biologic therapy in patients with psoriasis: results from an observational cohort study. J Invest Dermatol 2022; 142:2909-2919. [PMID: 35750149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.1085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a systemic inflammatory disease with increased risk of atherosclerotic events and premature cardiovascular disease. S100A7, A8/A9, and A12 are protein complexes that are produced by activated neutrophils, monocytes, and keratinocytes in psoriasis. Lipid-rich necrotic core (LRNC) is a high-risk coronary plaque feature previously found to be associated with cardiovascular risk factors and psoriasis severity. LRNC can decrease with biologic therapy, but how this occurs remains unknown. We investigated the relationship between S100 proteins, LRNC, and biologic therapy in psoriasis. S100A8/A9 associated with LRNC in fully adjusted models (β = 0.27, P = 0.009, n=125 psoriasis patients with available coronary CT angiography scans, LRNC analyses, and serum S100A7, S100A8, S100A9, S100A12, and S100A8/A9 levels). At one year, in patients receiving biologic therapy (36 of 73 patients had 1-year CCTA scans available), a 79% reduction in S100A8/A9 levels (-172 (-291.7-26.4) vs -29.9 (-137.9- 50.5) P = 0.04) and a 0.6 mm2 reduction in average LRNC area (0.04 (-0.48-0.77) vs -0.56 (-1.8- 0.13); P = 0.02) were noted. These results highlight the potential role of S100A8/A9 in the development of high-risk coronary plaque in psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Berg
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Christin G Hong
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maryia Svirydava
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Haiou Li
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Philip M Parel
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elizabeth Florida
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ross O'Hagan
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Carla J Pantoja
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sundus S Lateef
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Paula Anzenberg
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Charlotte L Harrington
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Grace Ward
- St. Jude's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Wunan Zhou
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Alexander V Sorokin
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Marcus Y Chen
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Heather L Teague
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Martin P Playford
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Joel M Gelfand
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- Section of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Diseases, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD.
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Matsunaga Y, Hashimoto Y, Ishiko A. Stratum corneum levels of calprotectin proteins S100A8/A9 correlate with disease activity in psoriasis patients. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1518-1525. [PMID: 34165193 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an intractable inflammatory skin disorder characterized by scaly erythema and plaques. The Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) is widely used to score disease severity, but evaluation is subjective, and an objective biomarker would be useful. The stratum corneum (SC), which can be non-invasively harvested, may reflect psoriasis-associated changes in epidermal keratinocytes, such as the upregulation of the calprotectin proteins S100A8 and S100A9. The aim of this study was to examine the availability of S100A8/A9 protein levels in SC as a biomarker of psoriasis disease activity. Fifty-three patients with psoriasis, 30 with psoriasis vulgaris (PsV), and 23 with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) participated. SC cells from lesional and non-lesional skin were collected by tape-stripping. S100A8/A9 levels in serum and in SC were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with PASI score before and after treatment initiation or switching. Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients and disease-free individuals were used as controls. Expression of S100A8/A9 in SC of lesional skin of psoriasis patients was significantly higher than in non-lesional skin or AD skin. There was no significant difference of SC S100A8/A9 levels between PsV and PsA patients. The S100A8/A9 levels in SC of psoriasis patients were significantly positively correlated with the PASI score. When patients' skin lesions cleared (PASI clear) in response to treatment, expression of S100A8/A9 in SC was no longer detectable. S100A8/A9 protein levels in SC may be available as an objective, non-invasive biomarker of psoriasis activity to complement PASI scoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Matsunaga
- Department of Dermatology, Toho University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Hashimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Ishiko
- Department of Dermatology, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Singh H, Rai V, Agrawal DK. Discerning the promising binding sites of S100/calgranulins and their therapeutic potential in atherosclerosis. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2021; 31:1045-1057. [PMID: 34056993 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2021.1937122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease in which the members of S100 family proteins (calgranulins) bind with their receptors, particularly receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of disease. Thus, these proteins could be considered as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of atherosclerotic inflammation. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the pathology of S100A8, S100A9, and S100A12 in the development of atherosclerosis and reveals key structural features of these proteins which are potentially critical in their pathological effects. This article focuses on the translational significance of antagonizing these proteins by using small molecules in patent literature, clinical and preclinical studies and also discusses future approaches that could be employed to block these proteins in the treatment of atherosclerosis. EXPERT OPINION Based on the critical role of S100/calgranulins in the regulation of atherosclerosis, these proteins are potential targets to develop better therapeutic options in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. However, further research is still needed to clarify their exact molecular mechanism by analyzing their detailed structural features that can expedite future research to develop novel therapeutics against these proteins to treat atherosclerotic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harbinder Singh
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
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Zhu J, Yang T, Tang M, Yang Z, Pei H, Ye H, Tang Y, Cheng Z, Lin P, Chen L. Studies on the anti-psoriasis effects and its mechanism of a dual JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor flonoltinib maleate. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 137:111373. [PMID: 33761599 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory autoimmune disease mediated by T cells, and characterized with abnormal proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, and inflammatory infiltration. The Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK-STAT) pathway has been identified to play essential roles in mediating various of biological processes, and is closely related to autoimmune diseases. Dendritic cells (DCs) are important antigen presenting cells and play an important regulatory role in T cells. The proliferation, differentiation and function of DCs are regulated by JAK and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) signal pathways. Flonoltinib maleate (FM), a high selectivity dual JAK2/FLT3 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.8 nM and 15 nM for JAK2 and FLT3, respectively, was developed by our laboratory. Moreover, FM was a potent JAK2 inhibitor with 863-fold and 696-fold selectivity over JAK1 and JAK3, respectively. In this study, the anti-psoriasis activity of FM was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. FM effectively inhibited the proliferation of HaCaT, the inflammatory keratinocyte induced by M5 and markedly suppressed the generation and differentiation of DCs from bone marrow (BM), and inhibited the expression of FLT3 in DCs in vitro. FM effectively inhibited the ear thickening and improved the pathological changes of the ear in interleukin (IL)-23-induced psoriasis-like acanthosis mouse model. Further in keratin 14-vascular endothelial growth factor (K14-VEGF) transgenic homozygous mice model, FM could obviously improve the psoriatic symptom and pathological changes, significantly inhibit the generations of Th1 and Th17 cells in the spleen, and the accumulations of DCs in the ears. FM could also significantly reduce the expression of various inflammatory factors both in C57BL/6 and K14-VEGF mice ears, and the serum of K14-VEGF mice. Mechanism revealed that FM effectively suppressed the phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT3 and STAT5 in inflammatory keratinocytes and the mice ears of C57BL/6 and K14-VEGF, as well as the phosphorylation of FLT3 in K14-VEGF mice ears. In conclusion, FM plays an excellent anti-psoriasis activity, including inhibiting keratinocyte proliferation and regulating inflammatory response through inhibiting JAK2 and FLT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Minghai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Heying Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haoyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhixuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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Stege H, Ghoreschi K, Hünefeld C. [UV phototherapy : UV phototherapy and photodiagnostics-a practical overview]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:14-26. [PMID: 33394067 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-020-04744-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
UV phototherapy is an essential and efficient therapeutic option in the treatment of dermatological diseases. It is an integral part of multiple guidelines and maintains its high clinical significance despite the development of new therapeutic options for systemic treatment. Due to the difficult revenue situation, the market for ready-to-use products of psoralen and UV therapy devices is constantly changing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Stege
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Klinikum Lippe, Röntgenstr. 18, 32756, Detmold, Deutschland.
| | - K Ghoreschi
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie u. Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - C Hünefeld
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie u. Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Chariteplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
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Sreejit G, Flynn MC, Patil M, Krishnamurthy P, Murphy AJ, Nagareddy PR. S100 family proteins in inflammation and beyond. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 98:173-231. [PMID: 32564786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The S100 family proteins possess a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They interact with multiple receptors and signal transducers to regulate pathways that govern inflammation, cell differentiation, proliferation, energy metabolism, apoptosis, calcium homeostasis, cell cytoskeleton and microbial resistance. S100 proteins are also emerging as novel diagnostic markers for identifying and monitoring various diseases. Strategies aimed at targeting S100-mediated signaling pathways hold a great potential in developing novel therapeutics for multiple diseases. In this chapter, we aim to summarize the current knowledge about the role of S100 family proteins in health and disease with a major focus on their role in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle C Flynn
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mallikarjun Patil
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Prasanna Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schools of Medicine and Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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