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Tsai CY, Oo M, Peh JH, Yeo BCM, Aptekmann A, Lee B, Liu JJJ, Tsao WS, Dick T, Fink K, Gengenbacher M. Splenic marginal zone B cells restrict Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection by shaping the cytokine pattern and cell-mediated immunity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114426. [PMID: 38959109 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the role of B cells in tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for developing new TB vaccines. However, the changes in B cell immune landscapes during TB and their functional implications remain incompletely explored. Using high-dimensional flow cytometry to map the immune landscape in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection, our results show an accumulation of marginal zone B (MZB) cells and other unconventional B cell subsets in the lungs and spleen, shaping an unconventional B cell landscape. These MZB cells exhibit activated and memory-like phenotypes, distinguishing their functional profiles from those of conventional B cells. Notably, functional studies show that MZB cells produce multiple cytokines and contribute to systemic protection against TB by shaping cytokine patterns and cell-mediated immunity. These changes in the immune landscape are reversible upon successful TB chemotherapy. Our study suggests that, beyond antibody production, targeting the regulatory function of B cells may be a valuable strategy for TB vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Yu Tsai
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Myo Oo
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Jih Hou Peh
- Biosafety Level 3 Core, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Level 15, Centre for Translational Medicine (MD6), NUS, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Benjamin C M Yeo
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme and Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Level 2, Blk MD4, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Ariel Aptekmann
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research, Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 3 & 4, Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Centre for Biomedical Informatics, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore; A(∗)STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 8A Biomedical Grove #05-13, Immunos, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Joe J J Liu
- Biosafety Level 3 Core, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Level 15, Centre for Translational Medicine (MD6), NUS, 14 Medical Drive, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Wen-Shan Tsao
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Thomas Dick
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA; Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA
| | - Katja Fink
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science Technology and Research, Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Level 3 & 4, Immunos Building, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Martin Gengenbacher
- Center for Discovery and Innovation (CDI), Hackensack Meridian Health, 111 Ideation Way, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA; Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA.
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2
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Reyes-Huerta RF, Mandujano-López V, Velásquez-Ortiz MG, Alcalá-Carmona B, Ostos-Prado MJ, Reyna-Juárez Y, Meza-Sánchez DE, Juárez-Vega G, Mejía-Domínguez NR, Torres-Ruiz J, Gómez-Martín D, Maravillas-Montero JL. Novel B-cell subsets as potential biomarkers in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: insights into disease pathogenesis and disease activity. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:84-94. [PMID: 38554062 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a heterogeneous group of rare autoimmune disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and the histopathologic findings of inflammatory infiltrates in muscle tissue. Although their pathogenesis remains indefinite, the association of autoantibodies with clinical manifestations and the evidence of high effectiveness of depleting therapies suggest that B cells could be implicated. Therefore, we explored the landscape of peripheral B cells in this disease by multiparametric flow cytometry, finding significant numerical decreases in memory and double-negative subsets, as well as an expansion of the naive compartment relative to healthy controls, that contribute to defining disease-associated B-cell subset signatures and correlating with different clinical features of patients. Additionally, we determined the potential value of these subsets as diagnostic biomarkers, thus positioning B cells as neglected key elements possibly participating in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy onset or development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl F Reyes-Huerta
- B cell Immunology Laboratory, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Vladimir Mandujano-López
- B cell Immunology Laboratory, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Ma Guadalupe Velásquez-Ortiz
- B cell Immunology Laboratory, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad de Posgrado, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Alcalá-Carmona
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - María J Ostos-Prado
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Yatzil Reyna-Juárez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - David E Meza-Sánchez
- B cell Immunology Laboratory, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Guillermo Juárez-Vega
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Nancy R Mejía-Domínguez
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Jiram Torres-Ruiz
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Diana Gómez-Martín
- Departamento de Inmunología y Reumatología, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José L Maravillas-Montero
- B cell Immunology Laboratory, Coordinación de la Investigación Científica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito de la Investigación Científica S/N, CU, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
- Red de Apoyo a la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán y Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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3
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Boyle MJ, Engwerda CR, Jagannathan P. The impact of Plasmodium-driven immunoregulatory networks on immunity to malaria. Nat Rev Immunol 2024:10.1038/s41577-024-01041-5. [PMID: 38862638 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01041-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Malaria, caused by infection with Plasmodium parasites, drives multiple regulatory responses across the immune landscape. These regulatory responses help to protect against inflammatory disease but may in some situations hamper the acquisition of adaptive immune responses that clear parasites. In addition, the regulatory responses that occur during Plasmodium infection may negatively affect malaria vaccine efficacy in the most at-risk populations. Here, we discuss the specific cellular mechanisms of immunoregulatory networks that develop during malaria, with a focus on knowledge gained from human studies and studies that involve the main malaria parasite to affect humans, Plasmodium falciparum. Leveraging this knowledge may lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches to increase protective immunity to malaria during infection or after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle J Boyle
- Life Sciences Division, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
| | | | - Prasanna Jagannathan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
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4
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Lu F, Xu J, Liu Y, Ren Z, Chen J, Gong W, Yin Y, Li Y, Qian L, He X, Han X, Lin Z, Lu J, Zhang W, Liu J, Menard D, Han ET, Cao J. Plasmodium vivax serological exposure markers: PvMSP1-42-induced humoral and memory B-cell response generates long-lived antibodies. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012334. [PMID: 38941356 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax serological exposure markers (SEMs) have emerged as promising tools for the actionable surveillance and implementation of targeted interventions to accelerate malaria elimination. To determine the dynamic profiles of SEMs in current and past P. vivax infections, we screened and selected 11 P. vivax proteins from 210 putative proteins using protein arrays, with a set of serum samples obtained from patients with acute P. vivax and documented past P. vivax infections. Then we used a murine protein immune model to initially investigate the humoral and memory B cell response involved in the generation of long-lived antibodies. We show that of the 11 proteins, especially C-terminal 42-kDa region of P. vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (PvMSP1-42) induced longer-lasting long-lived antibodies, as these antibodies were detected in individuals infected with P. vivax in the 1960-1970s who were not re-infected until 2012. In addition, we provide a potential mechanism for the maintenance of long-lived antibodies after the induction of PvMSP1-42. The results indicate that PvMSP1-42 induces more CD73+CD80+ memory B cells (MBCs) compared to P. vivax GPI-anchored micronemal antigen (PvGAMA), allowing IgG anti-PvMSP1-42 antibodies to be maintained for a long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Lu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaobao Liu
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Ren
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Junhu Chen
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijuan Gong
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yi Yin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yinyue Li
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Qian
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinlong He
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiu Han
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jingyuan Lu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Key laboratory of Jiangsu province university for Nucleic Acid & Cell Fate Manipulation, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Didier Menard
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Malaria Parasite Biology and Vaccines Unit, Paris, France
- Université de Strasbourg, UR 3073-Pathogens Host Arthropods Vectors Interactions Unit, Malaria Genetics and Resistance Team (MEGATEAM), Strasbourg, France
- CHU Strasbourg, Laboratory of Parasitology and Medical Mycology, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Cao
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Key Laboratory, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Wuxi, China
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Edner NM, Houghton LP, Ntavli E, Rees-Spear C, Petersone L, Wang C, Fabri A, Elfaki Y, Rueda Gonzalez A, Brown R, Kisand K, Peterson P, McCoy LE, Walker LSK. TIGIT +Tfh show poor B-helper function and negatively correlate with SARS-CoV-2 antibody titre. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1395684. [PMID: 38868776 PMCID: PMC11167088 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating follicular helper T cells (cTfh) can show phenotypic alterations in disease settings, including in the context of tissue-damaging autoimmune or anti-viral responses. Using severe COVID-19 as a paradigm of immune dysregulation, we have explored how cTfh phenotype relates to the titre and quality of antibody responses. Severe disease was associated with higher titres of neutralising S1 IgG and evidence of increased T cell activation. ICOS, CD38 and HLA-DR expressing cTfh correlated with serum S1 IgG titres and neutralising strength, and interestingly expression of TIGIT by cTfh showed a negative correlation. TIGIT+cTfh expressed increased IFNγ and decreased IL-17 compared to their TIGIT-cTfh counterparts, and showed reduced capacity to help B cells in vitro. Additionally, TIGIT+cTfh expressed lower levels of CD40L than TIGIT-cTfh, providing a potential explanation for their poor B-helper function. These data identify phenotypic changes in polyclonal cTfh that correlate with specific antibody responses and reveal TIGIT as a marker of cTfh with altered function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Edner
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luke P. Houghton
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisavet Ntavli
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chloe Rees-Spear
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lina Petersone
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chunjing Wang
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Fabri
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yassin Elfaki
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea Rueda Gonzalez
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Brown
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kai Kisand
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Pärt Peterson
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Laura E. McCoy
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy S. K. Walker
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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6
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McNitt SA, Dick JK, Hernandez Castaneda M, Sangala JA, Pierson M, Macchietto M, Burrack KS, Crompton PD, Seydel KB, Hamilton SE, Hart GT. Phenotype and function of IL-10 producing NK cells in individuals with malaria experience. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.11.593687. [PMID: 38798324 PMCID: PMC11118352 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.11.593687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum infection can trigger high levels of inflammation that lead to fever and sometimes severe disease. People living in malaria-endemic areas gradually develop resistance to symptomatic malaria and control both parasite numbers and the inflammatory response. We previously found that adaptive natural killer (NK) cells correlate with reduced parasite load and protection from symptoms. We also previously found that murine NK cell production of IL-10 can protect mice from experimental cerebral malaria. Human NK cells can also secrete IL-10, but it was unknown what NK cell subsets produce IL-10 and if this is affected by malaria experience. We hypothesize that NK cell immunoregulation may lower inflammation and reduce fever induction. Here, we show that NK cells from subjects with malaria experience make significantly more IL-10 than subjects with no malaria experience. We then determined the proportions of NK cells that are cytotoxic and produce interferon gamma and/or IL-10 and identified a signature of adaptive and checkpoint molecules on IL-10-producing NK cells. Lastly, we find that co-culture with primary monocytes, Plasmodium -infected RBCs, and antibody induces IL-10 production by NK cells. These data suggest that NK cells may contribute to protection from malaria symptoms via IL-10 production.
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7
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Kleberg L, Courey-Ghaouzi AD, Lautenbach MJ, Färnert A, Sundling C. Regulation of B-cell function and expression of CD11c, T-bet, and FcRL5 in response to different activation signals. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2350736. [PMID: 38700378 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
CD11c, FcRL5, or T-bet are commonly expressed by B cells expanding during inflammation, where they can make up >30% of mature B cells. However, the association between the proteins and differentiation and function in the host response remains largely unclear. We have assessed the co-expression of CD11c, T-bet, and FcRL5 in an in vitro B-cell culture system to determine how stimulation via the BCR, toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), and different cytokines influence CD11c, T-bet, and FcRL5 expression. We observed different expression dynamics for all markers, but a largely overlapping regulation of CD11c and FcRL5 in response to BCR and TLR9 activation, while T-bet was strongly dependent on IFN-γ signaling. Investigating plasma cell differentiation and APC functions, there was no association between marker expression and antibody secretion or T-cell help. Rather the functions were associated with TLR9-signalling and B-cell-derived IL-6 production, respectively. These results suggest that the expression of CD11c, FcRL5, and T-bet and plasma cell differentiation and improved APC functions occur in parallel and are regulated by similar activation signals, but they are not interdependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linn Kleberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alan-Dine Courey-Ghaouzi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maximilian Julius Lautenbach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Färnert
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Gao X, Shen Q, Roco JA, Dalton B, Frith K, Munier CML, Ballard FD, Wang K, Kelly HG, Nekrasov M, He JS, Jaeger R, Carreira P, Ellyard JI, Beattie L, Enders A, Cook MC, Zaunders JJ, Cockburn IA. Zeb2 drives the formation of CD11c + atypical B cells to sustain germinal centers that control persistent infection. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadj4748. [PMID: 38330097 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adj4748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
CD11c+ atypical B cells (ABCs) are an alternative memory B cell lineage associated with immunization, infection, and autoimmunity. However, the factors that drive the transcriptional program of ABCs have not been identified, and the function of this population remains incompletely understood. Here, we identified candidate transcription factors associated with the ABC population based on a human tonsillar B cell single-cell dataset. We identified CD11c+ B cells in mice with a similar transcriptomic signature to human ABCs, and using an optimized CRISPR-Cas9 knockdown screen, we observed that loss of zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (Zeb2) impaired ABC formation. Furthermore, ZEB2 haplo-insufficient Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) patients have decreased circulating ABCs in the blood. In Cd23Cre/+Zeb2fl/fl mice with impaired ABC formation, ABCs were dispensable for efficient humoral responses after Plasmodium sporozoite immunization but were required to control recrudescent blood-stage malaria. Immune phenotyping revealed that ABCs drive optimal T follicular helper (TFH) cell formation and germinal center (GC) responses and they reside at the red/white pulp border, likely permitting better access to pathogen antigens for presentation. Collectively, our study shows that ABC formation is dependent on Zeb2, and these cells can limit recrudescent infection by sustaining GC reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Qian Shen
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Jonathan A Roco
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Becan Dalton
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Katie Frith
- Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Fiona D Ballard
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Ke Wang
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Hannah G Kelly
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Maxim Nekrasov
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation Biomolecular Resource Facility, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jin-Shu He
- ANU Centre for Therapeutic Discovery, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Rebecca Jaeger
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Patricia Carreira
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Julia I Ellyard
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Lynette Beattie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anselm Enders
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Matthew C Cook
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Cambridge Institute for Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - John J Zaunders
- Centre for Applied Medical Research, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ian A Cockburn
- Division of Immunology and Infectious Disease, John Curtin School of Medical Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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9
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Zhu X, Hong S, Bu J, Liu Y, Liu C, Li R, Zhang T, Zhang Z, Li L, Zhou X, Hua Z, Zhu B, Hou B. Antiviral memory B cells exhibit enhanced innate immune response facilitated by epigenetic memory. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadk0858. [PMID: 38552009 PMCID: PMC10980274 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adk0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
The long-lasting humoral immunity induced by viral infections or vaccinations depends on memory B cells with greatly increased affinity to viral antigens, which are evolved from germinal center (GC) responses. However, it is unclear whether antiviral memory B cells represent a distinct subset among the highly heterogeneous memory B cell population. Here, we examined memory B cells induced by a virus-mimicking antigen at both transcriptome and epigenetic levels and found unexpectedly that antiviral memory B cells exhibit an enhanced innate immune response, which appeared to be facilitated by the epigenetic memory that is established through the memory B cell development. In addition, T-bet is associated with the altered chromatin architecture and is required for the formation of the antiviral memory B cells. Thus, antiviral memory B cells are distinct from other GC-derived memory B cells in both physiological functions and epigenetic landmarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiping Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Sheng Hong
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jiachen Bu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Can Liu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Runhan Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhuqiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Liping Li
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xuyu Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhaolin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Baidong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Epigenetic Regulation and Intervention, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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10
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Olivieri G, Cotugno N, Palma P. Emerging insights into atypical B cells in pediatric chronic infectious diseases and immune system disorders: T(o)-bet on control of B-cell immune activation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:12-27. [PMID: 37890706 PMCID: PMC10842362 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Repetitive or persistent cellular stimulation in vivo has been associated with the development of a heterogeneous B-cell population that exhibits a distinctive phenotype and, in addition to classical B-cell markers, often expresses the transcription factor T-bet and myeloid marker CD11c. Research suggests that this atypical population consists of B cells with distinct B-cell receptor specificities capable of binding the antigens responsible for their development. The expansion of this population occurs in the presence of chronic inflammatory conditions and autoimmune diseases where different nomenclatures have been used to describe them. However, as a result of the diverse contexts in which they have been investigated, these cells have remained largely enigmatic, with much ambiguity remaining regarding their phenotype and function in humoral immune response as well as their role in autoimmunity. Atypical B cells have garnered considerable interest because of their ability to produce specific antibodies and/or autoantibodies and because of their association with key disease manifestations. Although they have been widely described in the context of adults, little information is present for children. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to describe the characteristics of this population, suggest their function in pediatric immune-related diseases and chronic infections, and explore their potential therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Olivieri
- Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; PhD Program in Immunology, Molecular Medicine and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Cotugno
- Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Molecular Medicine, and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Palma
- Research Unit of Clinical Immunology and Vaccinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Systems Medicine, Molecular Medicine, and Applied Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
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11
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Sadighi Akha AA, Csomós K, Ujházi B, Walter JE, Kumánovics A. Evolving Approach to Clinical Cytometry for Immunodeficiencies and Other Immune Disorders. Clin Lab Med 2023; 43:467-483. [PMID: 37481324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cll.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies were initially identified on the basis of recurrent, severe or unusual infections. Subsequently, it was noted that these diseases can also manifest with autoimmunity, autoinflammation, allergy, lymphoproliferation and malignancy, hence a conceptual change and their renaming as inborn errors of immunity. Ongoing advances in flow cytometry provide the opportunity to expand or modify the utility and scope of existing laboratory tests in this field to mirror this conceptual change. Here we have used the B cell subset, variably known as CD21low B cells, age-associated B cells and T-bet+ B cells, as an example to demonstrate this possibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir A Sadighi Akha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Krisztián Csomós
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Boglárka Ujházi
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Jolán E Walter
- Division of Pediatric Allergy/Immunology, University of South Florida, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA
| | - Attila Kumánovics
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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12
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Ferreira IATM, Lee CYC, Foster WS, Abdullahi A, Dratva LM, Tuong ZK, Stewart BJ, Ferdinand JR, Guillaume SM, Potts MOP, Perera M, Krishna BA, Peñalver A, Cabantous M, Kemp SA, Ceron-Gutierrez L, Ebrahimi S, Lyons P, Smith KGC, Bradley J, Collier DA, McCoy LE, van der Klaauw A, Thaventhiran JED, Farooqi IS, Teichmann SA, MacAry PA, Doffinger R, Wills MR, Linterman MA, Clatworthy MR, Gupta RK. Atypical B cells and impaired SARS-CoV-2 neutralization following heterologous vaccination in the elderly. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112991. [PMID: 37590132 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Suboptimal responses to a primary vaccination course have been reported in the elderly, but there is little information regarding the impact of age on responses to booster third doses. Here, we show that individuals 70 years or older (median age 73, range 70-75) who received a primary two-dose schedule with AZD1222 and booster third dose with mRNA vaccine achieve significantly lower neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus compared with those younger than 70 (median age 66, range 54-69) at 1 month post booster. Impaired neutralization potency and breadth post third dose in the elderly is associated with circulating "atypical" spike-specific B cells expressing CD11c and FCRL5. However, when considering individuals who received three doses of mRNA vaccine, we did not observe differences in neutralization or enrichment in atypical B cells. This work highlights the finding that AdV and mRNA COVID-19 vaccine formats differentially instruct the memory B cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella A T M Ferreira
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Colin Y C Lee
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - William S Foster
- Immunology Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam Abdullahi
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa M Dratva
- Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Zewen Kelvin Tuong
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - John R Ferdinand
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephane M Guillaume
- Immunology Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin O P Potts
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marianne Perera
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Benjamin A Krishna
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ana Peñalver
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mia Cabantous
- Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Steven A Kemp
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Soraya Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Lyons
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kenneth G C Smith
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Bradley
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dami A Collier
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Agatha van der Klaauw
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome-Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - I Sadaf Farooqi
- University of Cambridge Metabolic Research Laboratories and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome-Medical Research Council (MRC) Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Paul A MacAry
- National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rainer Doffinger
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mark R Wills
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michelle A Linterman
- Immunology Programme, Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Menna R Clatworthy
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Molecular Immunity Unit, Department of Medicine, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Cellular Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ravindra K Gupta
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK; Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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13
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Ferreira NS, Lima NF, Sulczewski FB, Soares IS, Ferreira MU, Boscardin SB. Plasmodium vivax infection alters the peripheral immunoregulatory network of CD4 T follicular cells and B cells. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2350372. [PMID: 37160134 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Regulatory and effector cell responses to Plasmodium vivax, the most common human malaria parasite outside Africa, remain understudied in naturally infected populations. Here, we describe peripheral CD4+ T- and B-cell populations during and shortly after an uncomplicated P. vivax infection in 38 continuously exposed adult Amazonians. Consistent with previous observations, we found an increased frequency in CD4+ CD45RA- CD25+ FoxP3+ T regulatory cells that express the inhibitory molecule CTLA-4 during the acute infection, with a sustained expansion of CD21- CD27- atypical memory cells within the CD19+ B-cell compartment. Both Th1- and Th2-type subsets of CXCR5+ ICOShi PD-1+ circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells, which are thought to contribute to antibody production, were induced during P. vivax infection, with a positive correlation between overall cTfh cell frequency and IgG antibody titers to the P. vivax blood-stage antigen MSP119 . We identified significant changes in cell populations that had not been described in human malaria, such as an increased frequency of CTLA-4+ T follicular regulatory cells that antagonize Tfh cells, and a decreased frequency of circulating CD24hi CD27+ B regulatory cells in response to acute infection. In conclusion, we disclose a complex immunoregulatory network that is critical to understand how naturally acquired immunity develops in P. vivax malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália S Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathália F Lima
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando B Sulczewski
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Irene S Soares
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo U Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Silvia B Boscardin
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Yin S, Wang J, Chen L, Mao M, Rahma I, Geng Y, Huang R, Tong X, Liu Y, Wu C, Chen Y, Li J. Circulating Th2-biased T follicular helper cells impede antiviral humoral responses during chronic hepatitis B infection through upregulating CTLA4. Antiviral Res 2023:105665. [PMID: 37421985 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Failure in curing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV) can lead to functional impairment of B cells. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA4) regulates B cell and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell differentiation. In addition, Tfh cells play a critical role in helping B cells generate antibodies upon pathogen exposure. Here, we analyzed the global and HBsAg-specific B cells and circulating Tfh (cTfh) cells using samples from treatment-naïve and Peg-IFN-α-treated CHB patients and healthy subjects. Compared to healthy subjects, CTLA4 expression was significantly increased in cTfh cells, from CHB patients. The frequency of CTLA4+cTfh2 cells was negatively correlated with that of HBsAg-specific resting memory B cells. Importantly, inhibition of CTLA4 restored HBsAb secretion and promoted plasma cell differentiation. In addition, CTLA4+cTfh2 cells from CHB patients were ineffective in providing B cell help. Both expression of CTLA4 in cTfh and cTfh2 cells and ratios of CLTA4+cTfh and CTLA4+cTfh2 cells were significantly decreased in Peg-IFN-α-treated CHB patients who showed complete responses. Thus, our results highlighted that cTh2-biased T follicular helper cells could impede antiviral humoral responses during chronic HBV infection by upregulating CTLA4, suggesting that further optimizing potent Tfh cell responses may promote functional cure of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengxia Yin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minxin Mao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Issa Rahma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Geng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Tong
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China; Department of Experimental Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuxin Chen
- Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Moneta GM, Bracaglia C, Caiello I, Farroni C, Pires Marafon D, Carlomagno R, Hiraki L, Vivarelli M, Gianviti A, Carbogno S, Ferlin W, de Min C, Silverman E, Carsetti R, De Benedetti F, Marasco E. Persistently active interferon-γ pathway and expansion of T-bet + B cells in a subset of patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250319. [PMID: 37204055 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease causing significant morbidity and mortality, despite important improvements in its management in the last decades. The objective of this work is to investigate the role of IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE), evaluating the crosstalk between IFN-α and IFN-γ and the expression of T-bet, a transcription factor induced by IFN-γ, in B cells of patients with cSLE. Expression levels of both IFN-α and IFN-γ-induced genes were upregulated in patients with cSLE. We found increased serum levels of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in patients with cSLE. Type I IFN score decreased with initiation of immunosuppressive treatment; conversely, type II IFN score and levels of CXCL9 were not significantly affected by immunosuppressive treatment. Type II IFN score and CXCL9 were significantly higher in patients with lupus nephritis. We observed the expansion of a population of naïve B cells expressing T-bet in a cluster of patients with cSLE. IFN-γ, but not IFN-α, induced the expression of T-bet in B cells. Our data suggest that IFN-γ is hyperactive in cSLE, especially in patients with lupus nephritis, and it is not modulated by therapy. Our data reinforce the potential of IFN-γ as a therapeutic target in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Marco Moneta
- Division of Rheumatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Bracaglia
- Division of Rheumatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ivan Caiello
- Division of Rheumatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Farroni
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Linda Hiraki
- Division of Rheumatology, SickKids Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marina Vivarelli
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gianviti
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Pediatric Subspecialties, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Carbogno
- Division of Rheumatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Ferlin
- Light Chain Bioscience - Novimmune SA, Plan-Les-Ouates Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Earl Silverman
- Division of Rheumatology, SickKids Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rita Carsetti
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emiliano Marasco
- Division of Rheumatology, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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16
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Ioannidis LJ, Studniberg SI, Eriksson EM, Suwarto S, Denis D, Liao Y, Shi W, Garnham AL, Sasmono RT, Hansen DS. Integrated systems immunology approach identifies impaired effector T cell memory responses as a feature of progression to severe dengue fever. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:24. [PMID: 37055751 PMCID: PMC10103532 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00916-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Typical symptoms of uncomplicated dengue fever (DF) include headache, muscle pains, rash, cough, and vomiting. A proportion of cases progress to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), associated with increased vascular permeability, thrombocytopenia, and hemorrhages. Progression to severe dengue is difficult to diagnose at the onset of fever, which complicates patient triage, posing a socio-economic burden on health systems. METHODS To identify parameters associated with protection and susceptibility to DHF, we pursued a systems immunology approach integrating plasma chemokine profiling, high-dimensional mass cytometry and peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptomic analysis at the onset of fever in a prospective study conducted in Indonesia. RESULTS After a secondary infection, progression to uncomplicated dengue featured transcriptional profiles associated with increased cell proliferation and metabolism, and an expansion of ICOS+CD4+ and CD8+ effector memory T cells. These responses were virtually absent in cases progressing to severe DHF, that instead mounted an innate-like response, characterised by inflammatory transcriptional profiles, high circulating levels of inflammatory chemokines and with high frequencies of CD4low non-classical monocytes predicting increased odds of severe disease. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggests that effector memory T cell activation might play an important role ameliorating severe disease symptoms during a secondary dengue infection, and in the absence of that response, a strong innate inflammatory response is required to control viral replication. Our research also identified discrete cell populations predicting increased odds of severe disease, with potential diagnostic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Ioannidis
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie I Studniberg
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Emily M Eriksson
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Suhendro Suwarto
- Division of Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo National Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dionisius Denis
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yang Liao
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Wei Shi
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - R Tedjo Sasmono
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Diana S Hansen
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
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17
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Aranda CJ, Gonzalez-Kozlova E, Saunders SP, Fernandes-Braga W, Ota M, Narayanan S, He JS, Del Duca E, Swaroop B, Gnjatic S, Shattner G, Reibman J, Soter NA, Guttman-Yassky E, Curotto de Lafaille MA. IgG memory B cells expressing IL4R and FCER2 are associated with atopic diseases. Allergy 2023; 78:752-766. [PMID: 36445014 PMCID: PMC9991991 DOI: 10.1111/all.15601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic diseases are characterized by IgE antibody responses that are dependent on cognate CD4 T cell help and T cell-produced IL-4 and IL-13. Current models of IgE cell differentiation point to the role of IgG memory B cells as precursors of pathogenic IgE plasma cells. The goal of this work was to identify intrinsic features of memory B cells that are associated with IgE production in atopic diseases. METHODS Peripheral blood B lymphocytes were collected from individuals with physician diagnosed asthma or atopic dermatitis (AD) and from non-atopic individuals. These samples were analyzed by spectral flow cytometry, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq), and in vitro activation assays. RESULTS We identified a novel population of IgG memory B cells characterized by the expression of IL-4/IL-13 regulated genes FCER2/CD23, IL4R, IL13RA1, and IGHE, denoting a history of differentiation during type 2 immune responses. CD23+ IL4R+ IgG+ memory B cells had increased occurrence in individuals with atopic disease. Importantly, the frequency of CD23+ IL4R+ IgG+ memory B cells correlated with levels of circulating IgE. Consistently, in vitro stimulated B cells from atopic individuals generated more IgE+ cells than B cells from non-atopic subjects. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that CD23+ IL4R+ IgG+ memory B cells transcribing IGHE are potential precursors of IgE plasma cells and are linked to pathogenic IgE production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J Aranda
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, New York, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Sean P Saunders
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, New York University School of Medicine (NYUSM), New York, New York, USA
| | - Weslley Fernandes-Braga
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, New York, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miyo Ota
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, New York, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sriram Narayanan
- Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jin-Shu He
- Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ester Del Duca
- Department of Dermatology, ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bose Swaroop
- Department of Dermatology, ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sacha Gnjatic
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute, ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gail Shattner
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, New York University School of Medicine (NYUSM), New York, New York, USA
| | - Joan Reibman
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, New York University School of Medicine (NYUSM), New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Maria A Curotto de Lafaille
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS), New York, New York, USA
- Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM), ISMMS, New York, New York, USA
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18
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Li ZY, Cai ML, Qin Y, Chen Z. Age/autoimmunity-associated B cells in inflammatory arthritis: An emerging therapeutic target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1103307. [PMID: 36817481 PMCID: PMC9933781 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1103307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Age/autoimmunity-associated B cells (ABCs) are a novel B cell subpopulation with a unique transcriptional signature and cell surface phenotype. They are not sensitive to BCR but rely on TLR7 or TLR9 in the context of T cell-derived cytokines for the differentiation. It has been established that aberrant expansion of ABCs is linked to the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus. Recently, we and other groups have shown that increased ABCs is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity and have demonstrated their pathogenic role in RA, indicating that targeting specific B cell subsets is a promising strategy for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of ABCs, focusing on their emerging role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis. A deep understanding of the biology of ABCs in the context of inflammatory settings in vivo will ultimately contribute to the development of novel targeted therapies for the treatment of inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Long Cai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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19
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Gjertsson I, McGrath S, Grimstad K, Jonsson CA, Camponeschi A, Thorarinsdottir K, Mårtensson IL. A close-up on the expanding landscape of CD21-/low B cells in humans. Clin Exp Immunol 2022; 210:217-229. [PMID: 36380692 PMCID: PMC9985162 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxac103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Memory B cells (MBCs) are an essential part of our immunological memory. They respond fast upon re-encountering pathogens and can differentiate into plasma cells that secrete protective antibodies. The focus of this review is on MBCs that lack, or express low levels of, CD21, hereafter referred to as CD21-/low. These cells are expanded in peripheral blood with age and during chronic inflammatory conditions such as viral infections, malaria, common variable immunodeficiency, and autoimmune diseases. CD21-/low MBCs have gained significant attention; they produce disease-specific antibodies/autoantibodies and associate with key disease manifestations in some conditions. These cells can be divided into subsets based on classical B-cell and other markers, e.g. CD11c, FcRL4, and Tbet which, over the years, have become hallmarks to identify these cells. This has resulted in different names including age-associated, autoimmune-associated, atypical, tissue-like, tissue-resident, tissue-restricted, exhausted, or simply CD21-/low B cells. It is however unclear whether the expanded 'CD21-/low' cells in one condition are equivalent to those in another, whether they express an identical gene signature and whether they have a similar function. Here, we will discuss these issues with the goal to understand whether the CD21-/low B cells are comparable in different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Gjertsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Sarah McGrath
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Grimstad
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
- School of Bioscience, University of Skövde, Skövde 54128, Sweden
| | - Charlotte A Jonsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Camponeschi
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Katrin Thorarinsdottir
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden
| | - Inga-Lill Mårtensson
- Correspondence: Inga-Lill Mårtensson, Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 40530, Sweden.
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20
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Leffler J, Trend S, Hart PH, French MA. Epstein-Barr virus infection, B-cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in gut-associated lymphoid tissue to drive the immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a hypothesis. Clin Transl Immunology 2022; 11:e1418. [PMID: 36325491 PMCID: PMC9621333 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, B-cell dysfunction, gut dysbiosis, and environmental and genetic risk factors, including female sex. A disease model incorporating all these factors remains elusive. Here, we hypothesise that EBV-infected memory B cells (MBCs) migrate to gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) through EBV-induced expression of LPAM-1, where they are subsequently activated by gut microbes and/or their products resulting in EBV reactivation and compartmentalised anti-EBV immune responses. These responses involve marginal zone (MZ) B cells that activate CD4+ T-cell responses, via HLA-DRB1, which promote downstream B-cell differentiation towards CD11c+/T-bet+ MBCs, as well as conventional MBCs. Intrinsic expression of low-affinity B-cell receptors (BCRs) by MZ B cells and CD11c+/T-bet+ MBCs promotes polyreactive BCR/antibody responses against EBV proteins (e.g. EBNA-1) that cross-react with central nervous system (CNS) autoantigens (e.g. GlialCAM). EBV protein/autoantigen-specific CD11c+/T-bet+ MBCs migrate to the meningeal immune system and CNS, facilitated by their expression of CXCR3, and induce cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell responses against CNS autoantigens amplified by BAFF, released from EBV-infected MBCs. An increased abundance of circulating IgA+ MBCs, observed in MS patients, might also reflect GALT-derived immune responses, including disease-enhancing IgA antibody responses against EBV and gut microbiota-specific regulatory IgA+ plasma cells. Female sex increases MZ B-cell and CD11c+/T-bet+ MBC activity while environmental risk factors affect gut dysbiosis. Thus, EBV infection, B-cell dysfunction and other risk factors converge in GALT to generate aberrant B-cell responses that drive pathogenic T-cell responses in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonatan Leffler
- Telethon Kids InstituteUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Stephanie Trend
- Telethon Kids InstituteUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational ScienceUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Prue H Hart
- Telethon Kids InstituteUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia
| | - Martyn A French
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia,Immunology DivisionPathWest Laboratory MedicinePerthWAAustralia
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21
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Rivera-Correa J, Rodriguez A. Autoantibodies during infectious diseases: Lessons from malaria applied to COVID-19 and other infections. Front Immunol 2022; 13:938011. [PMID: 36189309 PMCID: PMC9520403 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.938011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity is a common phenomenon reported in many globally relevant infections, including malaria and COVID-19. These and other highly inflammatory diseases have been associated with the presence of autoantibodies. The role that these autoantibodies play during infection has been an emerging topic of interest. The vast numbers of studies reporting a range of autoantibodies targeting cellular antigens, such as dsDNA and lipids, but also immune molecules, such as cytokines, during malaria, COVID-19 and other infections, underscore the importance that autoimmunity can play during infection. During both malaria and COVID-19, the presence of autoantibodies has been correlated with associated pathologies such as malarial anemia and severe COVID-19. Additionally, high levels of Atypical/Autoimmune B cells (ABCs and atypical B cells) have been observed in both diseases. The growing literature of autoimmune B cells, age-associated B cells and atypical B cells in Systemic Lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other autoimmune disorders has identified recent mechanistic and cellular targets that could explain the development of autoantibodies during infection. These new findings establish a link between immune responses during infection and autoimmune disorders, highlighting shared mechanistic insights. In this review, we focus on the recent evidence of autoantibody generation during malaria and other infectious diseases and their potential pathological role, exploring possible mechanisms that may explain the development of autoimmunity during infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rivera-Correa
- Biological Sciences Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Rivera-Correa,
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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22
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Olatunde AC, Cornwall DH, Roedel M, Lamb TJ. Mouse Models for Unravelling Immunology of Blood Stage Malaria. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1525. [PMID: 36146602 PMCID: PMC9501382 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria comprises a spectrum of disease syndromes and the immune system is a major participant in malarial disease. This is particularly true in relation to the immune responses elicited against blood stages of Plasmodium-parasites that are responsible for the pathogenesis of infection. Mouse models of malaria are commonly used to dissect the immune mechanisms underlying disease. While no single mouse model of Plasmodium infection completely recapitulates all the features of malaria in humans, collectively the existing models are invaluable for defining the events that lead to the immunopathogenesis of malaria. Here we review the different mouse models of Plasmodium infection that are available, and highlight some of the main contributions these models have made with regards to identifying immune mechanisms of parasite control and the immunopathogenesis of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tracey J. Lamb
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Emma Eccles Jones Medical Research Building, 15 N Medical Drive E, Room 1420A, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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23
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Gao X, Cockburn IA. The development and function of CD11c+ atypical B cells - insights from single cell analysis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:979060. [PMID: 36072594 PMCID: PMC9441955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.979060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD11c+ T-bet+ atypical B cells (ABCs) have been identified in the context of vaccination, acute and chronic infections and autoimmune disease. However, the origins and functions of ABCs remain elusive. A major obstacle in the study of ABCs, and human MBCs more generally, has been the use of different phenotypic markers in different contexts to identify what appear to be phenotypically similar cells. Advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology have allowed researchers to accurately identify ABCs in different immune contexts such as diseases and tissues. Notably, recent studies utilizing single cell techniques have demonstrated ABCs are a highly conserved memory B cell lineage. This analysis has also revealed that ABCs are more abundant in ostensibly healthy donors than previously thought. Nonetheless, the normal function of these cells remains elusive. In this review, we will focus on scRNA-seq studies to discuss recent advances in our understanding about the development and functions of ABCs.
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24
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Cancro MP. T-bet B or not T-bet B, is that the question in obesity-related metabolic disease? Cell Metab 2022; 34:1081-1082. [PMID: 35921814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to inflammation and downstream metabolic dysregulation. In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Hägglöf et al. show that iNKT cells enable the accumulation of T-bet+ B cells in white adipose tissue, which in turn produce chemokine and antibody mediators that exacerbate the onset and severity of metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Cancro
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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25
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Chan JA, Loughland JR, de la Parte L, Okano S, Ssewanyana I, Nalubega M, Nankya F, Musinguzi K, Rek J, Arinaitwe E, Tipping P, Bourke P, Andrew D, Dooley N, SheelaNair A, Wines BD, Hogarth PM, Beeson JG, Greenhouse B, Dorsey G, Kamya M, Hartel G, Minigo G, Feeney M, Jagannathan P, Boyle MJ. Age-dependent changes in circulating Tfh cells influence development of functional malaria antibodies in children. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4159. [PMID: 35851033 PMCID: PMC9293980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31880-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells are key drivers of antibodies that protect from malaria. However, little is known regarding the host and parasite factors that influence Tfh and functional antibody development. Here, we use samples from a large cross-sectional study of children residing in an area of high malaria transmission in Uganda to characterize Tfh cells and functional antibodies to multiple parasites stages. We identify a dramatic re-distribution of the Tfh cell compartment with age that is independent of malaria exposure, with Th2-Tfh cells predominating in early childhood, while Th1-Tfh cell gradually increase to adult levels over the first decade of life. Functional antibody acquisition is age-dependent and hierarchical acquired based on parasite stage, with merozoite responses followed by sporozoite and gametocyte antibodies. Antibodies are boosted in children with current infection, and are higher in females. The children with the very highest antibody levels have increased Tfh cell activation and proliferation, consistent with a key role of Tfh cells in antibody development. Together, these data reveal a complex relationship between the circulating Tfh compartment, antibody development and protection from malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Anne Chan
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica R Loughland
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia
| | | | - Satomi Okano
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Isaac Ssewanyana
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Mayimuna Nalubega
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - John Rek
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Peta Tipping
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia
| | - Peter Bourke
- Division of Medicine, Cairns Hospital, Manunda, QLD, Australia
| | - Dean Andrew
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicholas Dooley
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia.,Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Arya SheelaNair
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Bruce D Wines
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - P Mark Hogarth
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James G Beeson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Microbiology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Grant Dorsey
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Moses Kamya
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Gunter Hartel
- QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabriela Minigo
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia.,College of Health and Human Sciences, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Margaret Feeney
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Michelle J Boyle
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. .,QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia. .,Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Tiwi, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. .,Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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26
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Courey-Ghaouzi AD, Kleberg L, Sundling C. Alternative B Cell Differentiation During Infection and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:908034. [PMID: 35812395 PMCID: PMC9263372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.908034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term protective immunity to infectious disease depends on cell-mediated and humoral immune responses. Induction of a strong humoral response relies on efficient B cell activation and differentiation to long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells. For many viral or bacterial infections, a single encounter is sufficient to induce such responses. In malaria, the induction of long-term immunity can take years of pathogen exposure to develop, if it occurs at all. This repeated pathogen exposure and suboptimal immune response coincide with the expansion of a subset of B cells, often termed atypical memory B cells. This subset is present at low levels in healthy individuals as well but it is observed to expand in an inflammatory context during acute and chronic infection, autoimmune diseases or certain immunodeficiencies. Therefore, it has been proposed that this subset is exhausted, dysfunctional, or potentially autoreactive, but its actual role has remained elusive. Recent reports have provided new information regarding both heterogeneity and expansion of these cells, in addition to indications on their potential role during normal immune responses to infection or vaccination. These new insights encourage us to rethink how and why they are generated and better understand their role in our complex immune system. In this review, we will focus on recent advances in our understanding of these enigmatic cells and highlight the remaining gaps that need to be filled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan-Dine Courey-Ghaouzi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linn Kleberg
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine Solna and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Christopher Sundling,
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27
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Bhattacharya D. Instructing durable humoral immunity for COVID-19 and other vaccinable diseases. Immunity 2022; 55:945-964. [PMID: 35637104 PMCID: PMC9085459 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many aspects of SARS-CoV-2 have fully conformed with the principles established by decades of viral immunology research, ultimately leading to the crowning achievement of highly effective COVID-19 vaccines. Nonetheless, the pandemic has also exposed areas where our fundamental knowledge is thinner. Some key unknowns are the duration of humoral immunity post-primary infection or vaccination and how long booster shots confer protection. As a corollary, if protection does not last as long as desired, what are some ways it can be improved? Here, I discuss lessons from other infections and vaccines that point to several key features that influence durable antibody production and the perseverance of immunity. These include (1) the specific innate sensors that are initially triggered, (2) the kinetics of antigen delivery and persistence, (3) the starting B cell receptor (BCR) avidity and antigen valency, and (4) the memory B cell subsets that are recalled by boosters. I further highlight the fundamental B cell-intrinsic and B cell-extrinsic pathways that, if understood better, would provide a rational framework for vaccines to reliably provide durable immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepta Bhattacharya
- Department of Immunobiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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28
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Hopp CS, Skinner J, Anzick SL, Tipton CM, Peterson ME, Li S, Doumbo S, Kayentao K, Ongoiba A, Martens C, Traore B, Crompton PD. Atypical B cells up-regulate costimulatory molecules during malaria and secrete antibodies with T follicular helper cell support. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabn1250. [PMID: 35559666 PMCID: PMC11132112 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn1250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Several infectious and autoimmune diseases are associated with an expansion of CD21-CD27- atypical B cells (atBCs) that up-regulate inhibitory receptors and exhibit altered B cell receptor (BCR) signaling. The function of atBCs remains unclear, and few studies have investigated the biology of pathogen-specific atBCs during acute infection. Here, we performed longitudinal flow cytometry analyses and RNA sequencing of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-specific B cells isolated from study participants before and shortly after febrile malaria, with simultaneous analysis of influenza hemagglutinin (HA)-specific B cells as a comparator. At the healthy baseline before the malaria season, individuals had similar frequencies of Pf- and HA-specific atBCs that did not differ proportionally from atBCs within the total B cell population. BCR sequencing identified clonal relationships between Pf-specific atBCs, activated B cells (actBCs), and classical memory B cells (MBCs) and revealed comparable degrees of somatic hypermutation. At the healthy baseline, Pf-specific atBCs were transcriptionally distinct from Pf-specific actBCs and classical MBCs. In response to acute febrile malaria, Pf-specific atBCs and actBCs up-regulated similar intracellular signaling cascades. Pf-specific atBCs showed activation of pathways involved in differentiation into antibody-secreting cells and up-regulation of molecules that mediate B-T cell interactions, suggesting that atBCs respond to T follicular helper (TFH) cells. In the presence of TFH cells and staphylococcal enterotoxin B, atBCs of malaria-exposed individuals differentiated into CD38+ antibody-secreting cells in vitro, suggesting that atBCs may actively contribute to humoral immunity to infectious pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine S. Hopp
- Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
| | - Jeff Skinner
- Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
| | - Sarah L. Anzick
- Rocky Mountain Laboratory Research Technologies Section, Genomics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, USA
| | - Christopher M. Tipton
- Lowance Center for Human Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Mary E. Peterson
- Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
| | - Shanping Li
- Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
| | - Safiatou Doumbo
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali
| | - Kassoum Kayentao
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali
| | - Aissata Ongoiba
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali
| | - Craig Martens
- Rocky Mountain Laboratory Research Technologies Section, Genomics Unit, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, USA
| | - Boubacar Traore
- Malaria Research and Training Centre, Department of Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases, International Center of Excellence in Research, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako, Mali
| | - Peter D. Crompton
- Malaria Infection Biology and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, USA
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29
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Phalke S, Rivera-Correa J, Jenkins D, Flores Castro D, Giannopoulou E, Pernis AB. Molecular mechanisms controlling age-associated B cells in autoimmunity. Immunol Rev 2022; 307:79-100. [PMID: 35102602 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated B cells (ABCs) have emerged as critical components of immune responses. Their inappropriate expansion and differentiation have increasingly been linked to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders, aging-associated diseases, and infections. ABCs exhibit a distinctive phenotype and, in addition to classical B cell markers, often express the transcription factor T-bet and myeloid markers like CD11c; hence, these cells are also commonly known as CD11c+ T-bet+ B cells. Formation of ABCs is promoted by distinctive combinations of innate and adaptive signals. In addition to producing antibodies, these cells display antigen-presenting and proinflammatory capabilities. It is becoming increasingly appreciated that the ABC compartment exhibits a high degree of heterogeneity, plasticity, and sex-specific regulation and that ABCs can differentiate into effector progeny via several routes particularly in autoimmune settings. In this review, we will discuss the initial insights that have been obtained on the molecular machinery that controls ABCs and we will highlight some of the unique aspects of this control system that may enable ABCs to fulfill their distinctive role in immune responses. Given the expanding array of autoimmune disorders and pathophysiological settings in which ABCs are being implicated, a deeper understanding of this machinery could have important and broad therapeutic implications for the successful, albeit daunting, task of targeting these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Phalke
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Juan Rivera-Correa
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Daniel Jenkins
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Danny Flores Castro
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Evgenia Giannopoulou
- Arthritis and Tissue Degeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Biological Sciences Department, New York City College of Technology, City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alessandra B Pernis
- Autoimmunity and Inflammation Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- David Z. Rosensweig Genomics Research Center, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Immunology & Microbial Pathogenesis, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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30
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Studniberg SI, Ioannidis LJ, Utami RAS, Trianty L, Liao Y, Abeysekera W, Li‐Wai‐Suen CSN, Pietrzak HM, Healer J, Puspitasari AM, Apriyanti D, Coutrier F, Poespoprodjo JR, Kenangalem E, Andries B, Prayoga P, Sariyanti N, Smyth GK, Cowman AF, Price RN, Noviyanti R, Shi W, Garnham AL, Hansen DS. Molecular profiling reveals features of clinical immunity and immunosuppression in asymptomatic P. falciparum malaria. Mol Syst Biol 2022; 18:e10824. [PMID: 35475529 PMCID: PMC9045086 DOI: 10.15252/msb.202110824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical immunity to P. falciparum malaria is non-sterilizing, with adults often experiencing asymptomatic infection. Historically, asymptomatic malaria has been viewed as beneficial and required to help maintain clinical immunity. Emerging views suggest that these infections are detrimental and constitute a parasite reservoir that perpetuates transmission. To define the impact of asymptomatic malaria, we pursued a systems approach integrating antibody responses, mass cytometry, and transcriptional profiling of individuals experiencing symptomatic and asymptomatic P. falciparum infection. Defined populations of classical and atypical memory B cells and a TH2 cell bias were associated with reduced risk of clinical malaria. Despite these protective responses, asymptomatic malaria featured an immunosuppressive transcriptional signature with upregulation of pathways involved in the inhibition of T-cell function, and CTLA-4 as a predicted regulator in these processes. As proof of concept, we demonstrated a role for CTLA-4 in the development of asymptomatic parasitemia in infection models. The results suggest that asymptomatic malaria is not innocuous and might not support the induction of immune processes to fully control parasitemia or efficiently respond to malaria vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie I Studniberg
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Lisa J Ioannidis
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Retno A S Utami
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia,Eijkman Institute for Molecular BiologyJakartaIndonesia
| | - Leily Trianty
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular BiologyJakartaIndonesia
| | - Yang Liao
- Olivia Newton‐John Cancer Research InstituteHeidelbergVic.Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Connie S N Li‐Wai‐Suen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Halina M Pietrzak
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Julie Healer
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | | | - Dwi Apriyanti
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular BiologyJakartaIndonesia
| | | | | | | | | | - Pak Prayoga
- Papuan Health and Community FoundationPapuaIndonesia
| | | | - Gordon K Smyth
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Alan F Cowman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Ric N Price
- Global and Tropical Health DivisionMenzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin UniversityDarwinNTAustralia,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global HealthNuffield Department of MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK,Mahidol‐Oxford Tropical Medicine Research UnitMahidol UniversityBangkokThailand
| | | | - Wei Shi
- Olivia Newton‐John Cancer Research InstituteHeidelbergVic.Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,School of Mathematics and StatisticsThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Diana S Hansen
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVic.Australia,Department of Medical BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVic.Australia
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31
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Kochayoo P, Thawornpan P, Wangriatisak K, Changrob S, Leepiyasakulchai C, Khowawisetsut L, Adams JH, Chootong P. Interferon-γ signal drives differentiation of T-bet hi atypical memory B cells into plasma cells following Plasmodium vivax infection. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4842. [PMID: 35318412 PMCID: PMC8941117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08976-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
For development of a long-lasting protective malaria vaccine, it is crucial to understand whether Plasmodium-induced memory B cells (MBCs) or plasma cells develop and stably contribute to protective immunity, or on the contrary the parasite suppresses antibody responses by inducing MBC dysfunction. The expansion of T-bethi atypical MBCs is described in chronic Plasmodium falciparum-exposed individuals. However, it remains unclear whether accumulation of T-bethi atypical MBCs is indicative of a protective role or rather an impaired function of the immune system in malaria. Here, the phenotypic and functional features of T-bethi atypical MBCs were studied in P. vivax patients living in an area of low malaria transmission. During P. vivax infection, the patients produced a twofold higher frequency of T-bethi atypical MBCs compared to malaria non-exposed individuals. This distinct atypical MBC subset had a switched IgG phenotype with overexpression of activation markers and FcRL5, and decreased Syk phosphorylation upon BCR stimulation. Post-infection, expansion of T-bethi IgG+ atypical MBCs was maintained for at least 3 months. Further studies of the contribution of T-bethi atypical MBC function to humoral immunity showed that synergizing IFN-γ with TLR7/8 and IL-21 signals was required for their differentiation into plasma cells and antibody secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyawan Kochayoo
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Thawornpan
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Kittikorn Wangriatisak
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Siriruk Changrob
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - Ladawan Khowawisetsut
- grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700 Thailand
| | - John H. Adams
- grid.170693.a0000 0001 2353 285XDepartment of Global Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612 USA
| | - Patchanee Chootong
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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32
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Ulcerative colitis is characterized by a plasmablast-skewed humoral response associated with disease activity. Nat Med 2022; 28:766-779. [PMID: 35190725 PMCID: PMC9107072 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-01680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
B cells, which are critical for intestinal homeostasis, remain understudied in ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we recruited three cohorts of patients with UC (primary cohort, n = 145; validation cohort 1, n = 664; and validation cohort 2, n = 143) to comprehensively define the landscape of B cells during UC-associated intestinal inflammation. Using single-cell RNA sequencing, single-cell IgH gene sequencing and protein-level validation, we mapped the compositional, transcriptional and clonotypic landscape of mucosal and circulating B cells. We found major perturbations within the mucosal B cell compartment, including an expansion of naive B cells and IgG+ plasma cells with curtailed diversity and maturation. Furthermore, we isolated an auto-reactive plasma cell clone targeting integrin αvβ6 from inflamed UC intestines. We also identified a subset of intestinal CXCL13-expressing TFH-like T peripheral helper cells that were associated with the pathogenic B cell response. Finally, across all three cohorts, we confirmed that changes in intestinal humoral immunity are reflected in circulation by the expansion of gut-homing plasmablasts that correlates with disease activity and predicts disease complications. Our data demonstrate a highly dysregulated B cell response in UC and highlight a potential role of B cells in disease pathogenesis.
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33
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Chen S, Gao Y, Fan Y, Guo S, Zhou J, Liu T, Xu W. The Dynamic Change of Immune Responses Between Acute and Recurrence Stages of Rodent Malaria Infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:844975. [PMID: 35250958 PMCID: PMC8891988 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.844975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria infections are persistent as frequent recrudescence of the disease may occur following the acute infection stage, but the different immune responses that control the acute and recrudescence stages are still largely unknown. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we showed that the number of Th1 and plasma cells in the spleen was significantly reduced during the recurrence stage compared to the acute stage of Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS (P. chabaudi) infection. Additionally, the ability of both CD4+ T cell responses and B cells to control P. chabaudi recurrence was significantly reduced compared to their roles in the control of acute infection. In contrast, the number of innate immune cells, including red pulp macrophages (RPMs), gamma delta (γδ) T cells, and Dendritic cells (DCs) were significantly increased during the recurrence stage and showed to be critical for P. chabaudi infection recurrence control. Thus, our data strongly suggest the complementary role of innate immune responses in controlling malaria recrudescence when adaptive immune responses are suppressed. These findings shed new light on the development of immune interventions against malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suilin Chen
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanli Gao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongling Fan
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Zhou,
| | - Taiping Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Taiping Liu,
| | - Wenyue Xu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
- Wenyue Xu,
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34
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Lee MSJ, Inoue T, Ise W, Matsuo-Dapaah J, Wing JB, Temizoz B, Kobiyama K, Hayashi T, Patil A, Sakaguchi S, Simon AK, Bezbradica JS, Nagatoishi S, Tsumoto K, Inoue JI, Akira S, Kurosaki T, Ishii KJ, Coban C. B cell-intrinsic TBK1 is essential for germinal center formation during infection and vaccination in mice. J Exp Med 2022; 219:212912. [PMID: 34910106 PMCID: PMC8679780 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20211336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The germinal center (GC) is a site where somatic hypermutation and clonal selection are coupled for antibody affinity maturation against infections. However, how GCs are formed and regulated is incompletely understood. Here, we identified an unexpected role of Tank-binding kinase-1 (TBK1) as a crucial B cell–intrinsic factor for GC formation. Using immunization and malaria infection models, we show that TBK1-deficient B cells failed to form GC despite normal Tfh cell differentiation, although some malaria-infected B cell–specific TBK1-deficient mice could survive by GC-independent mechanisms. Mechanistically, TBK1 phosphorylation elevates in B cells during GC differentiation and regulates the balance of IRF4/BCL6 expression by limiting CD40 and BCR activation through noncanonical NF-κB and AKTT308 signaling. In the absence of TBK1, CD40 and BCR signaling synergistically enhanced IRF4 expression in Pre-GC, leading to BCL6 suppression, and therefore failed to form GCs. As a result, memory B cells generated from TBK1-deficient B cells fail to confer sterile immunity upon reinfection, suggesting that TBK1 determines B cell fate to promote long-lasting humoral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle S J Lee
- Division of Malaria Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Wataru Ise
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Julia Matsuo-Dapaah
- Division of Malaria Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James B Wing
- Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Immunology), Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Human Single Cell Immunology Team, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Burcu Temizoz
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouji Kobiyama
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Hayashi
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Shimon Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - A Katharina Simon
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jelena S Bezbradica
- The Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Satoru Nagatoishi
- Research Platform Office, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Research Platform Office, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Inoue
- Research Platform Office, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Differentiation, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Cevayir Coban
- Division of Malaria Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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35
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Harder I, Münchhalfen M, Andrieux G, Boerries M, Grimbacher B, Eibel H, Maccari ME, Ehl S, Wienands J, Jellusova J, Warnatz K, Keller B. Dysregulated PI3K Signaling in B Cells of CVID Patients. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030464. [PMID: 35159274 PMCID: PMC8834633 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The altered wiring of signaling pathways downstream of antigen receptors of T and B cells contributes to the dysregulation of the adaptive immune system, potentially causing immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. In humans, the investigation of such complex systems benefits from nature’s experiments in patients with genetically defined primary immunodeficiencies. Disturbed B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in a subgroup of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) patients with immune dysregulation and expanded T-bethighCD21low B cells in peripheral blood has been previously reported. Here, we investigate PI3K signaling and its targets as crucial regulators of survival, proliferation and metabolism by intracellular flow cytometry, imaging flow cytometry and RNAseq. We observed increased basal but disturbed BCR-induced PI3K signaling, especially in T-bethighCD21low B cells from CVID patients, translating into impaired activation of crucial downstream molecules and affecting proliferation, survival and the metabolic profile. In contrast to CVID, increased basal activity of PI3K in patients with a gain-of-function mutation in PIK3CD and activated PI3K delta syndrome (APDS) did not result in impaired BCR-induced AKT-mTOR-S6 phosphorylation, highlighting that signaling defects in B cells in CVID and APDS patients are fundamentally different and that assessing responses to BCR stimulation is an appropriate confirmative diagnostic test for APDS. The active PI3K signaling in vivo may render autoreactive T-bethighCD21low B cells in CVID at the same time to be more sensitive to mTOR or PI3K inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Harder
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (I.H.); (H.E.)
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Münchhalfen
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; (M.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (G.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (G.A.); (M.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (B.G.); (M.E.M.); (S.E.)
- Clinic of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- DZIF—German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS—Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST—Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Eibel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (I.H.); (H.E.)
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maria Elena Maccari
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (B.G.); (M.E.M.); (S.E.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center–University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (B.G.); (M.E.M.); (S.E.)
| | - Jürgen Wienands
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; (M.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Julia Jellusova
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (I.H.); (H.E.)
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (B.K.); Tel.: +49-761-27077640 (K.W.); +49-761-27077691 (B.K.)
| | - Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; (I.H.); (H.E.)
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (B.K.); Tel.: +49-761-27077640 (K.W.); +49-761-27077691 (B.K.)
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Levack RC, Newell KL, Cabrera-Martinez B, Cox J, Perl A, Bastacky SI, Winslow GM. Adenosine receptor 2a agonists target mouse CD11c +T-bet + B cells in infection and autoimmunity. Nat Commun 2022; 13:452. [PMID: 35064115 PMCID: PMC8782827 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
CD11c+T-bet+ B cells are recognized as an important component of humoral immunity and autoimmunity. These cells can be distinguished from other B cells by their higher expression of the adenosine receptor 2a. Here we address whether A2A receptor activation can affect CD11c+T-bet+ B cells. We show that administration of the A2A receptor agonist CGS-21680 depletes established CD11c+T-bet+ B cells in ehrlichial-infected mice, in a B cell-intrinsic manner. Agonist treatment similarly depletes CD11c+T-bet+ B cells and CD138+ B cells and reduces anti-nuclear antibodies in lupus-prone mice. Agonist treatment is also associated with reduced kidney pathology and lymphadenopathy. Moreover, A2A receptor stimulation depletes pathogenic lymphocytes and ameliorates disease even after disease onset, highlighting the therapeutic potential of this treatment. This study suggests that targeting the adenosine signaling pathway may provide a method for the treatment of lupus and other autoimmune diseases mediated by T-bet+ B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell C Levack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Krista L Newell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | | | - Justin Cox
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Andras Perl
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Sheldon I Bastacky
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Gary M Winslow
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
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Corrente F, Terreri S, Palomba P, Capponi C, Mirabella M, Perno CF, Carsetti R. CD21 - CD27 - Atypical B Cells in a Pediatric Cohort Study: An Extensive Single Center Flow Cytometric Analysis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:822400. [PMID: 35722474 PMCID: PMC9204099 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.822400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atypical B cells (atBCs) are a distinct B-cell population and represent approximately 5% of B cells in peripheral blood (PB) of healthy adult individuals. However, in adults these cells are expanded in conditions of chronic infections, inflammation, primary immunodeficiencies, autoimmune diseases, and aging. Their immunophenotype is characterized by the lack of CD21 expression and the hallmark human memory B-cell marker CD27. In this study, we investigated the immunophenotype of atBCs in different pediatric pathological conditions and correlated their expansion with the children's clinical diagnosis. We were able to retrospectively evaluate 1,571 consecutive PB samples, corresponding to 1,180 pediatric patients, by using a 9-color flow-cytometric panel. The results, compared with a pediatric healthy cohort, confirmed an expansion of atBCs in patient samples with percentages greater than 5% of total B cells. Four subpopulations with different expressions of IgM and IgD were discriminated: IgM+IgD+, IgM+-only, IgD+-only, and IgM-IgD-. IgG+ atBCs were predominant in the IgM- IgD- subpopulation. Moreover, the study highlighted some features of atBCs, such as a low CD38 expression, a heterogeneity of CD24, a high expression of CD19 and a large cell size. We also demonstrated that an increase of atBCs in a pediatric cohort is correlated with immunodeficiencies, autoimmune, inflammatory, and hematological disorders, consistent with previous studies mainly performed in adults. Furthermore, our flow cytometric clustering analysis corroborated the recent hypothesis of an alternative B origin for atBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Corrente
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Terreri
- Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Palomba
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Capponi
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Mirabella
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Federico Perno
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Carsetti
- Microbiology and Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Diagnostic Immunology Research Unit, Multimodal Medicine Research Area, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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38
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Gonzales SJ, Bol S, Braddom AE, Sullivan R, Reyes RA, Ssewanyana I, Eggers E, Greenhouse B, Bunnik EM. Longitudinal analysis of FcRL5 expression and clonal relationships among classical and atypical memory B cells following malaria. Malar J 2021; 20:435. [PMID: 34758841 PMCID: PMC8579674 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03970-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic and frequently recurring infectious diseases, such as malaria, are associated with expanded populations of atypical memory B cells (MBCs). These cells are different from classical MBCs by the lack of surface markers CD21 and CD27 and increased expression of inhibitory receptors, such as FcRL5. While the phenotype and conditions leading to neogenesis of atypical MBCs in malaria-experienced individuals have been studied extensively, the origin of these cells remains equivocal. Functional similarities between FcRL5+ atypical MBCs and FcRL5+ classical MBCs have been reported, suggesting that these cells may be developmentally related. METHODS Here, a longitudinal analysis of FcRL5 expression in various B cell subsets was performed in two children from a high transmission region in Uganda over a 6-month period in which both children experienced a malaria episode. Using B-cell receptor (BCR)-sequencing to track clonally related cells, the connections between IgM+ and IgG+ atypical MBCs and other B cell subsets were studied. RESULTS The highest expression of FcRL5 was found among IgG+ atypical MBCs, but FcRL5+ cells were present in all MBC subsets. Following malaria, FcRL5 expression increased in all IgM+ MBC subsets analysed here: classical, activated, and atypical MBCs, while results for IgG+ MBC subsets were inconclusive. IgM+ atypical MBCs showed few connections with other B cell subsets, higher turnover than IgG+ atypical MBCs, and were predominantly derived from naïve B cells and FcRL5- IgM+ classical MBCs. In contrast, IgG+ atypical MBCs were clonally expanded and connected with classical MBCs. IgG+ atypical MBCs present after a malaria episode mainly originated from FcRL5+ IgG+ classical MBCs. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these results suggest fundamental differences between unswitched and class-switched B cell populations and provide clues about the primary developmental pathways of atypical MBCs in malaria-experienced individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jake Gonzales
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sebastiaan Bol
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ashley E Braddom
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Shape Therapeutics, 219 Terry St., Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Raphael A Reyes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Isaac Ssewanyana
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Infectious Disease Research Collaboration, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Erica Eggers
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Bryan Greenhouse
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Evelien M Bunnik
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, Long School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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39
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Keller B, Strohmeier V, Harder I, Unger S, Payne KJ, Andrieux G, Boerries M, Felixberger PT, Landry JJM, Nieters A, Rensing-Ehl A, Salzer U, Frede N, Usadel S, Elling R, Speckmann C, Hainmann I, Ralph E, Gilmour K, Wentink MWJ, van der Burg M, Kuehn HS, Rosenzweig SD, Kölsch U, von Bernuth H, Kaiser-Labusch P, Gothe F, Hambleton S, Vlagea AD, Garcia Garcia A, Alsina L, Markelj G, Avcin T, Vasconcelos J, Guedes M, Ding JY, Ku CL, Shadur B, Avery DT, Venhoff N, Thiel J, Becker H, Erazo-Borrás L, Trujillo-Vargas CM, Franco JL, Fieschi C, Okada S, Gray PE, Uzel G, Casanova JL, Fliegauf M, Grimbacher B, Eibel H, Ehl S, Voll RE, Rizzi M, Stepensky P, Benes V, Ma CS, Bossen C, Tangye SG, Warnatz K. The expansion of human T-bet highCD21 low B cells is T cell dependent. Sci Immunol 2021; 6:eabh0891. [PMID: 34623902 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abh0891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Accumulation of human CD21low B cells in peripheral blood is a hallmark of chronic activation of the adaptive immune system in certain infections and autoimmune disorders. The molecular pathways underpinning the development, function, and fate of these CD21low B cells remain incompletely characterized. Here, combined transcriptomic and chromatin accessibility analyses supported a prominent role for the transcription factor T-bet in the transcriptional regulation of these T-bethighCD21low B cells. Investigating essential signals for generating these cells in vitro established that B cell receptor (BCR)/interferon-γ receptor (IFNγR) costimulation induced the highest levels of T-bet expression and enabled their differentiation during cell cultures with Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand or CD40L/interleukin-21 (IL-21) stimulation. Low proportions of CD21low B cells in peripheral blood from patients with defined inborn errors of immunity (IEI), because of mutations affecting canonical NF-κB, CD40, and IL-21 receptor or IL-12/IFNγ/IFNγ receptor/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling, substantiated the essential roles of BCR- and certain T cell–derived signals in the in vivo expansion of T-bethighCD21low B cells. Disturbed TLR signaling due to MyD88 or IRAK4 deficiency was not associated with reduced CD21low B cell proportions. The expansion of human T-bethighCD21low B cells correlated with an expansion of circulating T follicular helper 1 (cTfh1) and T peripheral helper (Tph) cells, identifying potential sources of CD40L, IL-21, and IFNγ signals. Thus, we identified important pathways to target autoreactive T-bethighCD21low B cells in human autoimmune conditions, where these cells are linked to pathogenesis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baerbel Keller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Valentina Strohmeier
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- University of Freiburg, Faculty of Biology, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ina Harder
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Unger
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kathryn J Payne
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Geoffroy Andrieux
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), partner site Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Boerries
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), partner site Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Tobias Felixberger
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan J M Landry
- Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Nieters
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- FREEZE-Biobank-Zentrum für Biobanking, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anne Rensing-Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Salzer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Frede
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Usadel
- Department of Infection Medicine, Medical Service Centre Clotten, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Roland Elling
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Pediatrics, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ina Hainmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Mirjam van der Burg
- Department of Pediatrics, Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Hye Sun Kuehn
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine (DLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center (CC), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine (DLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center (CC), Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Uwe Kölsch
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | - Horst von Bernuth
- Department of Immunology, Labor Berlin-Charité Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Immunology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Kaiser-Labusch
- Prof. Hess Children's Hospital, Klinikum Bremen-Mitte, Gesundheit Nord gGmbH, Bremen, Germany
| | - Florian Gothe
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatrics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Alexandru Daniel Vlagea
- Immunology Department, Biomedic Diagnostic Center (CDB), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology Unit Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Garcia Garcia
- Clinical Immunology Unit Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Alsina
- Clinical Immunology Unit Hospital Sant Joan de Déu-Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Clinical Immunology and Primary Immunodeficiencies Unit, Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gašper Markelj
- Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tadej Avcin
- Department of Allergology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Ljubljana, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julia Vasconcelos
- Serviço de Imunologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Guedes
- Pediatric Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jing-Ya Ding
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Lung Ku
- Laboratory of Human Immunology and Infectious Disease, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Bella Shadur
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danielle T Avery
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nils Venhoff
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Thiel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Becker
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine I, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lucía Erazo-Borrás
- Group of Primary Immunodeficiencies and CCBB, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Claudia Milena Trujillo-Vargas
- Group of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - José Luis Franco
- Group of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, University of Antioquia UDEA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Claire Fieschi
- Clinical Immunology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP Université de Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1126, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Satoshi Okada
- Department of Pediatrics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Paul E Gray
- University of New South Wales School of Women's and Children's Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gulbu Uzel
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Imagine Institute, Necker Medical School, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Pediatric Hematology and Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Manfred Fliegauf
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS-Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
- DZIF-German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST-Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hannover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Eibel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard E Voll
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marta Rizzi
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Polina Stepensky
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cancer Immunotherapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Vladimir Benes
- Institute of Medical Bioinformatics and Systems Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claudia Bossen
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Klaus Warnatz
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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40
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Pape KA, Dileepan T, Kabage AJ, Kozysa D, Batres R, Evert C, Matson M, Lopez S, Krueger PD, Graiziger C, Vaughn BP, Shmidt E, Rhein J, Schacker TW, Khoruts A, Jenkins MK. High-affinity memory B cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection produce more plasmablasts and atypical memory B cells than those primed by mRNA vaccines. Cell Rep 2021; 37:109823. [PMID: 34610291 PMCID: PMC8463313 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Although both infections and vaccines induce memory B cell (MBC) populations that participate in secondary immune responses, the MBCs generated in each case can differ. Here, we compare SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain (S1-RBD)-specific primary MBCs that form in response to infection or a single mRNA vaccination. Both primary MBC populations have similar frequencies in the blood and respond to a second S1-RBD exposure by rapidly producing plasmablasts with an abundant immunoglobulin (Ig)A+ subset and secondary MBCs that are mostly IgG+ and cross-react with the B.1.351 variant. However, infection-induced primary MBCs have better antigen-binding capacity and generate more plasmablasts and secondary MBCs of the classical and atypical subsets than do vaccine-induced primary MBCs. Our results suggest that infection-induced primary MBCs have undergone more affinity maturation than vaccine-induced primary MBCs and produce more robust secondary responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A Pape
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Thamotharampillai Dileepan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Amanda J Kabage
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daria Kozysa
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Rodolfo Batres
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Clayton Evert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Michael Matson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sharon Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Peter D Krueger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Carolyn Graiziger
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Byron P Vaughn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Eugenia Shmidt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joshua Rhein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Timothy W Schacker
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alexander Khoruts
- Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marc K Jenkins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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41
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Immunosuppression in Malaria: Do Plasmodium falciparum Parasites Hijack the Host? Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10101277. [PMID: 34684226 PMCID: PMC8536967 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria reflects not only a state of immune activation, but also a state of general immune defect or immunosuppression, of complex etiology that can last longer than the actual episode. Inhabitants of malaria-endemic regions with lifelong exposure to the parasite show an exhausted or immune regulatory profile compared to non- or minimally exposed subjects. Several studies and experiments to identify and characterize the cause of this malaria-related immunosuppression have shown that malaria suppresses humoral and cellular responses to both homologous (Plasmodium) and heterologous antigens (e.g., vaccines). However, neither the underlying mechanisms nor the relative involvement of different types of immune cells in immunosuppression during malaria is well understood. Moreover, the implication of the parasite during the different stages of the modulation of immunity has not been addressed in detail. There is growing evidence of a role of immune regulators and cellular components in malaria that may lead to immunosuppression that needs further research. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on how malaria parasites may directly and indirectly induce immunosuppression and investigate the potential role of specific cell types, effector molecules and other immunoregulatory factors.
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42
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Kimura K, Lin Y, Yamaguchi H, Sato W, Takewaki D, Minote M, Doi Y, Okamoto T, Takahashi R, Kondo T, Yamamura T. Th1 - CD11c + B Cell Axis Associated with Response to Plasmapheresis in Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2021; 90:595-611. [PMID: 34424567 PMCID: PMC9293420 DOI: 10.1002/ana.26202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective Although plasmapheresis is a treatment option for patients with autoimmune neurological diseases, treatment response varies greatly among patients. The main objective of this study was to find out if biological/immune traits correlate with a beneficial response. Methods We thoroughly analyzed immune phenotypes in paired blood samples from a cohort of 31 patients with multiple sclerosis before and after plasmapheresis, in parallel with clinical evaluation of treatment response. Results The frequency of IFN‐γ+ Th1 cells was persistently higher in those who obtained benefit from plasmapheresis (responders) than nonresponders. The Th1 cell frequency before plasmapheresis provided a high predictive value for beneficial response, achieving area under the curve (AUC) of 0.902. Plasmapheresis treatment decreased inflammation‐related gene expressions in Th1 cells. Meanwhile, IFNG expression in Th1 cells positively correlated with the frequency of CD11c+ B cells, of which a pathogenic role has been suggested in several autoimmune diseases. In line with this, in vitro experiments showed that CD11c+ B cells would increase in response to exogenous IFN‐γ compared to IL‐4, and secrete high amounts of IgG. B cell receptor analysis indicated that clonal expansion of CD11c+ B cells takes place in patients with multiple sclerosis. Interestingly, CD11c+ B cells, which showed unique gene expression profile, decreased after plasmapheresis treatment along with all the immunoglobulin subsets in the circulation. Interpretation Taken together, we postulate that Th1 cell ‐ CD11c+ B cell axis is involved in treatment response to plasmapheresis, giving us clues to better understanding of complicated pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, and getting closer to a personalized therapy. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:595–611
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimitoshi Kimura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Youwei Lin
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamaguchi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wakiro Sato
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Takewaki
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misako Minote
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshimitsu Doi
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoko Okamoto
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Takahashi
- Department of Neurology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kondo
- Department of Neurology, Kansai Medical University Medical Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yamamura
- Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.,Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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43
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Cancro MP, Tomayko MM. Memory B cells and plasma cells: The differentiative continuum of humoral immunity. Immunol Rev 2021; 303:72-82. [PMID: 34396546 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immunological memory is a composite of lasting antibody titers maintained by plasma cells in conjunction with memory T and B cells. Memory B cells are a critical reservoir for plasma cell generation in the secondary response. Identification of memory B cells requires that they be distinguished from naïve, activated, and germinal center precursors and from plasma cells. Memory B cells are heterogeneous in isotype usage, immunoglobulin mutational content, and phenotypic marker expression. Phenotypic subsets of memory B cells are defined by PD-L2, CD80, and CD73 expression in mice, by CD27 and FCRL4 expression in humans and by T-bet in both mice and humans. These subsets display marked functional heterogeneity, including the ability to rapidly differentiate into plasma cells versus seed germinal centers in the secondary response. Memory B cells are located in the spleen, blood, other lymphoid organs, and barrier tissues, and recent evidence indicates that some memory B cells may be dedicated tissue-resident populations. Open questions about memory B cell longevity, renewal and progenitor-successor relationships with plasma cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Cancro
- Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mary M Tomayko
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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44
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Chulanetra M, Chaicumpa W. Revisiting the Mechanisms of Immune Evasion Employed by Human Parasites. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:702125. [PMID: 34395313 PMCID: PMC8358743 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.702125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For the establishment of a successful infection, i.e., long-term parasitism and a complete life cycle, parasites use various diverse mechanisms and factors, which they may be inherently bestowed with, or may acquire from the natural vector biting the host at the infection prelude, or may take over from the infecting host, to outmaneuver, evade, overcome, and/or suppress the host immunity, both innately and adaptively. This narrative review summarizes the up-to-date strategies exploited by a number of representative human parasites (protozoa and helminths) to counteract the target host immune defense. The revisited information should be useful for designing diagnostics and therapeutics as well as vaccines against the respective parasitic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monrat Chulanetra
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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45
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Ioannidis LJ, Pietrzak HM, Ly A, Utami RA, Eriksson EM, Studniberg SI, Abeysekera W, Li-Wai-Suen CS, Sheerin D, Healer J, Puspitasari AM, Apriyanti D, Coutrier FN, Poespoprodjo JR, Kenangalem E, Andries B, Prayoga P, Sariyanti N, Smyth GK, Trianty L, Cowman AF, Price RN, Noviyanti R, Hansen DS. High-dimensional mass cytometry identifies T cell and B cell signatures predicting reduced risk of Plasmodium vivax malaria. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e148086. [PMID: 34128836 PMCID: PMC8410020 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.148086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
IFN-γ-driven responses to malaria have been shown to modulate the development and function of T follicular helper (TFH) cells and memory B cells (MBCs), with conflicting evidence of their involvement in the induction of antibody responses required to achieve clinical immunity and their association with disease outcomes. Using high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry, we identified distinct populations of TH1-polarized CD4+ T cells and MBCs expressing the TH1-defining transcription factor T-bet, associated with either increased or reduced risk of Plasmodium vivax (P. vivax) malaria, demonstrating that inflammatory responses to malaria are not universally detrimental for infection. Furthermore, we found that, whereas class-switched but not IgM+ MBCs were associated with a reduced risk of symptomatic malaria, populations of TH1 cells with a stem central memory phenotype, TH17 cells, and T regulatory cells were associated with protection from asymptomatic infection, suggesting that activation of cell-mediated immunity might also be required to control persistent P. vivax infection with low parasite burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J. Ioannidis
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Halina M. Pietrzak
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ann Ly
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Retno A.S. Utami
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Emily M. Eriksson
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Stephanie I. Studniberg
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Waruni Abeysekera
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Connie S.N. Li-Wai-Suen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dylan Sheerin
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Julie Healer
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Dwi Apriyanti
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Enny Kenangalem
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Papua, Indonesia
| | | | - Pak Prayoga
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Novita Sariyanti
- Papuan Health and Community Development Foundation, Papua, Indonesia
| | - Gordon K. Smyth
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leily Trianty
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alan F. Cowman
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ric N. Price
- Global and Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Diana S. Hansen
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Kerkman PF, Dernstedt A, Tadala L, Mittler E, Dannborg M, Sundling C, Maleki KT, Tauriainen J, Tuiskunen‐Bäck A, Wigren Byström J, Ocaya P, Thunberg T, Jangra RK, Román‐Sosa G, Guardado‐Calvo P, Rey FA, Klingström J, Chandran K, Puhar A, Ahlm C, Forsell MNE. Generation of plasma cells and CD27 -IgD - B cells during hantavirus infection is associated with distinct pathological findings. Clin Transl Immunology 2021; 10:e1313. [PMID: 34277007 PMCID: PMC8275445 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Human hantavirus infections can cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood, nor if they affect the humoral immune system. The objective of this study was to investigate humoral immune responses to hantavirus infection and to correlate them to the typical features of HFRS: thrombocytopenia and transient kidney dysfunction. METHODS We performed a comprehensive characterisation of longitudinal antiviral B-cell responses of 26 hantavirus patients and combined this with paired clinical data. In addition, we measured extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its breakdown products in circulation and performed in vitro stimulations to address its effect on B cells. RESULTS We found that thrombocytopenia was correlated to an elevated frequency of plasmablasts in circulation. In contrast, kidney dysfunction was indicative of an accumulation of CD27-IgD- B cells and CD27-/low plasmablasts. Finally, we provide evidence that high levels of extracellular ATP and matrix metalloproteinase 8 can contribute to shedding of CD27 during human hantavirus infection. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that thrombocytopenia and kidney dysfunction associate with distinctly different effects on the humoral immune system. Moreover, hantavirus-infected individuals have significantly elevated levels of extracellular ATP in circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla F Kerkman
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Andy Dernstedt
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Lalitha Tadala
- The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS)Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeaSweden
| | - Eva Mittler
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
| | - Mirjam Dannborg
- The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS)Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeaSweden
| | - Christopher Sundling
- Department of MedicineKarolinska InstitutetSolnaSweden
- Department of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Kimia T Maleki
- Department of MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | | | - Anne Tuiskunen‐Bäck
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Julia Wigren Byström
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Pauline Ocaya
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Therese Thunberg
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Rohit K Jangra
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
| | - Gleyder Román‐Sosa
- Structural Virology UnitVirology DepartmentInstitut PasteurCNRS UMR 3569ParisFrance
| | - Pablo Guardado‐Calvo
- Structural Virology UnitVirology DepartmentInstitut PasteurCNRS UMR 3569ParisFrance
| | - Felix A Rey
- Structural Virology UnitVirology DepartmentInstitut PasteurCNRS UMR 3569ParisFrance
| | | | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology & ImmunologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA
| | - Andrea Puhar
- The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS)Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
- Department of Molecular BiologyUmeå UniversityUmeaSweden
| | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
| | - Mattias NE Forsell
- Department of Clinical MicrobiologyUmeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR)UmeaSweden
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47
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Olatunde AC, Hale JS, Lamb TJ. Cytokine-skewed Tfh cells: functional consequences for B cell help. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:536-550. [PMID: 33972167 PMCID: PMC9107098 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
CD4+ follicular helper T (Tfh) cells play a vital role in providing help for B cells undergoing selection and differentiation into activated antibody-secreting cells in mammalian germinal centers (GCs). Increasing evidence suggests that Tfh cells are a heterogeneous population that generates cytokine-skewed immune responses - a reflection of the microenvironment during differentiation. This has important ramifications for Tfh-mediated B cell help. Because Tfh subsets can have opposing effects on GC B cell responses, we discuss current findings regarding the differentiation and functions of cytokine-skewed Tfh cells in modulating GC B cell differentiation. Antibodies are important weapons against infectious diseases but can also be pathogenic mediators in some autoimmune conditions. Since cytokine-skewed Tfh cells can influence the magnitude and quality of the humoral response, we address the roles of cytokine-skewed Tfh cells in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adesola C Olatunde
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 15 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - J Scott Hale
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 15 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Tracey J Lamb
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 15 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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48
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Holla P, Dizon B, Ambegaonkar AA, Rogel N, Goldschmidt E, Boddapati AK, Sohn H, Sturdevant D, Austin JW, Kardava L, Yuesheng L, Liu P, Moir S, Pierce SK, Madi A. Shared transcriptional profiles of atypical B cells suggest common drivers of expansion and function in malaria, HIV, and autoimmunity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/22/eabg8384. [PMID: 34039612 PMCID: PMC8153733 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg8384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Chronic infectious diseases have a substantial impact on the human B cell compartment including a notable expansion of B cells here termed atypical B cells (ABCs). Using unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we uncovered and characterized heterogeneities in naïve B cell, classical memory B cells, and ABC subsets. We showed remarkably similar transcriptional profiles for ABC clusters in malaria, HIV, and autoimmune diseases and demonstrated that interferon-γ drove the expansion of ABCs in malaria. These observations suggest that ABCs represent a separate B cell lineage with a common inducer that further diversifies and acquires disease-specific characteristics and functions. In malaria, we identified ABC subsets based on isotype expression that differed in expansion in African children and in B cell receptor repertoire characteristics. Of particular interest, IgD+IgMlo and IgD-IgG+ ABCs acquired a high antigen affinity threshold for activation, suggesting that ABCs may limit autoimmune responses to low-affinity self-antigens in chronic malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasida Holla
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Brian Dizon
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Abhijit A Ambegaonkar
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Noga Rogel
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Ella Goldschmidt
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - Arun K Boddapati
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haewon Sohn
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Dan Sturdevant
- RML Genomics Unit, Research Technologies Section, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - James W Austin
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lela Kardava
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Li Yuesheng
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Poching Liu
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Susan K Pierce
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Asaf Madi
- Department of Pathology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
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49
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Cai J, Chen S, Zhu F, Lu X, Liu T, Xu W. Whole-Killed Blood-Stage Vaccine: Is It Worthwhile to Further Develop It to Control Malaria? Front Microbiol 2021; 12:670775. [PMID: 33995336 PMCID: PMC8119638 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.670775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Major challenges have been encountered regarding the development of highly efficient subunit malaria vaccines, and so whole-parasite vaccines have regained attention in recent years. The whole-killed blood-stage vaccine (WKV) is advantageous as it can be easily manufactured and efficiently induced protective immunity against a blood-stage challenge, as well as inducing cross-stage protection against both the liver and sexual-stages. However, it necessitates a high dose of parasitized red blood cell (pRBC) lysate for immunization, and this raises concerns regarding its safety and low immunogenicity. Knowledge of the major components of WKV that can induce or evade the host immune response, and the development of appropriate human-compatible adjuvants will greatly help to optimize the WKV. Therefore, we argue that the further development of the WKV is worthwhile to control and potentially eradicate malaria worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Cai
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Suilin Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Taiping Liu
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenyue Xu
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Chongqing, China
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Soon MSF, Nalubega M, Boyle MJ. T-follicular helper cells in malaria infection and roles in antibody induction. OXFORD OPEN IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 2:iqab008. [PMID: 36845571 PMCID: PMC9914587 DOI: 10.1093/oxfimm/iqab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunity to malaria is mediated by antibodies that block parasite replication to limit parasite burden and prevent disease. Cytophilic antibodies have been consistently shown to be associated with protection, and recent work has improved our understanding of the direct and Fc-mediated mechanisms of protective antibodies. Antibodies also have important roles in vaccine-mediated immunity. Antibody induction is driven by the specialized CD4+ T cells, T-follicular helper (Tfh) cells, which function within the germinal centre to drive B-cell activation and antibody induction. In humans, circulating Tfh cells can be identified in peripheral blood and are differentiated into subsets that appear to have pathogen/vaccination-specific roles in antibody induction. Tfh cell responses are essential for protective immunity from Plasmodium infection in murine models of malaria. Our understanding of the activation of Tfh cells during human malaria infection and the importance of different Tfh cell subsets in antibody development is still emerging. This review will discuss our current knowledge of Tfh cell activation and development in malaria, and the potential avenues and pitfalls of targeting Tfh cells to improve malaria vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S F Soon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, QIMR-Berghofer, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Mayimuna Nalubega
- Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration, Tororo District Hospital, Tororo, Uganda
| | - Michelle J Boyle
- Department of Infectious Diseases, QIMR-Berghofer, 300 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4006, Australia,Correspondence address. QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia. E-mail:
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