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Patterson MR, Cogan JA, Cassidy R, Theobald DA, Wang M, Scarth JA, Anene CA, Whitehouse A, Morgan EL, Macdonald A. The Hippo pathway transcription factors YAP and TAZ play HPV-type dependent roles in cervical cancer. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5809. [PMID: 38987584 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49965-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause most cervical cancers and an increasing number of anogenital and oral carcinomas, with most cases caused by HPV16 or HPV18. HPV hijacks host signalling pathways to promote carcinogenesis. Understanding these interactions could permit identification of much-needed therapeutics for HPV-driven malignancies. The Hippo signalling pathway is important in HPV+ cancers, with the downstream effector YAP playing a pro-oncogenic role. In contrast, the significance of its paralogue TAZ remains largely uncharacterised in these cancers. We demonstrate that TAZ is dysregulated in a HPV-type dependent manner by a distinct mechanism to that of YAP and controls proliferation via alternative cellular targets. Analysis of cervical cancer cell lines and patient biopsies revealed that TAZ expression was only significantly increased in HPV18+ and HPV18-like cells and TAZ knockdown reduced proliferation, migration and invasion only in HPV18+ cells. RNA-sequencing of HPV18+ cervical cells revealed that YAP and TAZ have distinct targets, suggesting they promote carcinogenesis by different mechanisms. Thus, in HPV18+ cancers, YAP and TAZ play non-redundant roles. This analysis identified TOGARAM2 as a previously uncharacterised TAZ target and demonstrates its role as a key effector of TAZ-mediated proliferation, migration and invasion in HPV18+ cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly R Patterson
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
| | - Joseph A Cogan
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Rosa Cassidy
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Daisy A Theobald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - James A Scarth
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Chinedu A Anene
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Centre for Biomedical Science Research, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Adrian Whitehouse
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ethan L Morgan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
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2
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Sarwar F, Ashhad S, Vimal A, Vishvakarma R. Small molecule inhibitors of the VEGF and tyrosine kinase for the treatment of cervical cancer. Med Oncol 2024; 41:199. [PMID: 38985225 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02446-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer accounts for most deaths due to cancer in women, majorly in developing nations. The culprit behind this disease is the human papillomavirus (HPV) which accounts for more than 90% of cervical cancer cases. The viral strains produce proteins that favor the knocking down of the apoptosis process and continuous growth of cells in the cervix leading to tumor growth. Proangiogenic growth factors, such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietins, and other endothelial growth factors (EGF), are secreted by tumor cells and the surrounding microenvironment, which further advances the development of cancer. The extracellular domain of receptor tyrosine kinases is employed by ligands (like VEGF and EGF) to engage and activate them by inducing receptor dimerization, which facilitates the cascade impact of these factors. The tyrosine kinase domains of each receptor autophosphorylate each other, activating the receptor and initiating signaling cascades that promote angiogenesis, migration, proliferation, and survival of endothelial cells. Cancer cells benefit from its modified signaling pathways, which cause oncogenic activation. Upon early cervical cancer detection, the second-line therapy strategy involves blocking the signaling pathways with VEGF and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This review paper highlights the genesis of cervical cancer and combating it using VEGF and tyrosine kinase inhibitors by delving into the details of the currently available inhibitors. Further, we have discussed the inhibitor molecules that are currently in various phases of clinical trials. This paper will surely enhance the understanding of cervical cancer and its treatment approaches and what further interventions can be done to alleviate the disease currently serving as a major health burden in the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Sarwar
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Samreen Ashhad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India
| | - Archana Vimal
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India.
| | - Reena Vishvakarma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226026, India.
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3
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Ashique S, Faruk A, Ahmad FJ, Khan T, Mishra N. It Is All about Probiotics to Control Cervical Cancer. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:979-992. [PMID: 37880560 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10183-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common malignancy in female patients. "Human papillomavirus" (HPV) contamination is a leading cause of all forms of cervical cancer, accounting for an expected 570,000 reported incidents in 2018. Two HPV strains (16 and 18) are responsible for 70% of CC and pre-cancerous cervical abnormalities. CC is one of the foremost reasons for the malignancy death rate in India among women ranging from 30 to 69 years of age in India, responsible for 17% of all cancer deaths. Currently approved cervical cancer treatments are associated with adverse reactions that might harm the lives of women affected by this disease. Consequently, probiotics can play a vital role in the treatment of CC. It is reflected from various studies regarding the role of probiotics in the diagnosis, prevention or treatment of cancer. In this review article, we have discussed the rationale of probiotics for treatment of CC, the role of probiotics as effective adjuvants in anti-cancer therapy and the combined effect of the anti-cancer drug along with probiotics to minimize the side effects due to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumel Ashique
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Pandaveswar, West Bengal, 713346, India
| | - Abdul Faruk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Tasneem Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (SPER), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Gwalior, 474005, Madhya Pradesh, India
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4
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Long J, Zhao W, Xiang Y, Wang Y, Xiang W, Liu X, Jiang M, Song Y, Hu J. STAT3 promotes cytoplasmic-nuclear translocation of RNA-binding protein HuR to inhibit IL-1β-induced IL-8 production. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112065. [PMID: 38608448 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) functions to regulate inflammation and immune response, but its mechanism is not fully understood. We report here that STAT3 inhibitors Stattic and Niclosamide up-regulated IL-1β-induced IL-8 production in C33A, CaSki, and Siha cervical cancer cells. As expected, IL-1β-induced IL-8 production was also up-regulated through the molecular inhibition of STAT3 by use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Unexpectedly, IL-1β induced IL-8 production via activating ERK and P38 signal pathways, but neither STAT3 inhibitors nor STAT3 knockout affected IL-1β-induced signal transduction, suggesting that STAT3 decreases IL-8 production not via inhibition of signal transduction. To our surprise, STAT3 inhibition increased the stabilization, and decreased the degradation of IL-8 mRNA, suggesting a post-transcriptional regulation of IL-1β-induced IL-8. Moreover, Dihydrotanshinone I, an inhibitor of RNA-binding protein HuR, down-regulated IL-1β-induced IL-8 dose-dependently. HuR inhibition by CRISPR/Cas9 also decreased IL-8 production induced by IL-1β. Mechanistically, co-immunoprecipitation results showed that STAT3 did not react with HuR directly, but STAT3 inhibition increased the protein levels of HuR in cytoplasm. And IL-6 activation of STAT3 induced HuR cytoplasmic-nuclear transport. Taken together, these results suggest that STAT3 contributes to HuR nuclear localization and inhibits Il-1β-induced IL-8 production through this non-transcriptional mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangwen Long
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wang Zhao
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yangen Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China; Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China; Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Manli Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Yinghui Song
- Central Laboratory, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha 410004, China.
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5
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Janjua D, Thakur K, Aggarwal N, Chaudhary A, Yadav J, Chhokar A, Tripathi T, Joshi U, Senrung A, Bharti AC. Prognostic and therapeutic potential of STAT3: Opportunities and challenges in targeting HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 197:104346. [PMID: 38608913 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CaCx) ranks as the fourth most prevalent cancer among women globally. Persistent infection of high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) is major etiological factor associated with CaCx. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3), a prominent member of the STAT family, has emerged as independent oncogenic driver. It is a target of many oncogenic viruses including HPV. How STAT3 influences HPV viral gene expression or gets affected by HPV is an area of active investigation. A better understanding of host-virus interaction will provide a prognostic and therapeutic window for CaCx control and management. In this comprehensive review, we delve into carcinogenic role of STAT3 in development of HPV-induced CaCx. With an emphasis on fascinating interplay between STAT3 and HPV genome, the review explores the diverse array of opportunities and challenges associated with this field to harness the prognostic and therapeutic potential of STAT3 in CaCx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Udit Joshi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Daulat Ram College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.
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6
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Deng S, Yuan P, Sun J. The role of NF-κB in carcinogenesis of cervical cancer: opportunities and challenges. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:538. [PMID: 38642209 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09447-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family, consisting of several transcription factors, has been implicated in the regulation of cell proliferation and invasion, as well as inflammatory reactions and tumor development. Cervical cancer (CC) results from long-term interactions of multiple factors, among which persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection is necessary. During different stages from early to late after HPV infection, the activity of NF-κB varies and plays various roles in carcinogenesis and progress of CC. As the center of the cell signaling transduction network, NF-κB can be activated through classical and non-classical pathways, and regulate the expression of downstream target genes involved in regulating the tumor microenvironment and acquiring hallmark traits of CC cells. Targeting NF-κB may help treat CC and overcome the resistance to radiation and chemotherapy. Even though NF-κB inhibitors have not been applied in clinical treatment as yet, due to limitations such as dose-restrictive toxicity and poor tumor-specificity, it is still considered to have significant therapeutic potential and application prospects. In this review, we focus on the role of NF-κB in the process of CC occurrence and hallmark capabilities acquisition. Finally, we summarize relevant NF-κB-targeted treatments, providing ideas for the prevention and treatment of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Deng
- The Second Clinical School, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan, China.
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7
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Lim L, Hu MH, Fan D, Tu HF, Tsai YC, Cheng M, Wang S, Chang CL, Wu TC, Hung CF. STAT1-Deficient HPV E6/E7-Associated Cancers Maintain Host Immunocompetency against Therapeutic Intervention. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:430. [PMID: 38675812 PMCID: PMC11053987 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains a global health concern because it contributes to the initiation of various HPV-associated cancers such as anal, cervical, oropharyngeal, penile, vaginal, and vulvar cancer. In HPV-associated cancers, oncogenesis begins with an HPV infection, which is linked to the activation of the Janus protein tyrosine kinase (JAK)/STAT signaling pathway. Various STAT signaling pathways, such as STAT3 activation, have been well documented for their tumorigenic role, yet the role of STAT1 in tumor formation remains unclear. In the current study, STAT1-/- mice were used to investigate the role of STAT1 in the tumorigenesis of a spontaneous HPV E6/E7-expressing oral tumor model. Subsequently, our candidate HPV DNA vaccine CRT/E7 was administered to determine whether the STAT1-/- host preserves a therapeutic-responsive tumor microenvironment. The results indicated that STAT1-/- induces robust tumorigenesis, yet a controlled tumor response was attained upon CRT/E7 vaccination. Characterizing this treatment effect, immunological analysis found a higher percentage of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells. In addition, a reduction in exhaustive lymphocyte activity was observed. Further analysis of a whole-cell tumor challenge affirmed these findings, as spontaneous tumor growth was more rapid in STAT1-/- mice. In conclusion, STAT1 deletion accelerates tumorigenesis, but STAT1-/- mice maintains immunocompetency in CRT/E7 treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lim
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104217, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Hung Hu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Darrell Fan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Hsin-Fang Tu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Ya-Chea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Michelle Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Suyang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
| | - Chih-Long Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104217, Taiwan;
| | - Tzyy-Choou Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA (T.-C.W.)
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
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8
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Wattanathavorn W, Seki M, Suzuki Y, Buranapraditkun S, Kitkumthorn N, Sasivimolrattana T, Bhattarakosol P, Chaiwongkot A. Downregulation of LAMB3 Altered the Carcinogenic Properties of Human Papillomavirus 16-Positive Cervical Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2535. [PMID: 38473784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Nearly all cervical cancer cases are caused by infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types. The mechanism of cervical cell transformation is related to the powerful action of viral oncoproteins and cellular gene alterations. Transcriptomic data from cervical cancer and normal cervical cells were utilized to identify upregulated genes and their associated pathways. The laminin subunit beta-3 (LAMB3) mRNAwas overexpressed in cervical cancer and was chosen for functional analysis. The LAMB3 was predominantly expressed in the extracellular region and the plasma membrane, which play a role in protein binding and cell adhesion molecule binding, leading to cell migration and tissue development. LAMB3 was found to be implicated in the pathway in cancer and the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. LAMB3 knockdown decreased cell migration, invasion, anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell growth and increased the number of apoptotic cells. These effects were linked to a decrease in protein levels involved in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and an increase in p53 protein. This study demonstrated that LAMB3 could promote cervical cancer cell migration, invasion and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warattaya Wattanathavorn
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Masahide Seki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8561, Chiba, Japan
| | - Supranee Buranapraditkun
- King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, 1873 Rama IV Road, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development (Chula Vaccine Research Center-Chula VRC), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Kitkumthorn
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | | | - Parvapan Bhattarakosol
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Arkom Chaiwongkot
- Medical Microbiology Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Applied Medical Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, 1873 Rama IV Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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9
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Peng Q, Wang L, Zuo L, Gao S, Jiang X, Han Y, Lin J, Peng M, Wu N, Tang Y, Tian H, Zhou Y, Liao Q. HPV E6/E7: insights into their regulatory role and mechanism in signaling pathways in HPV-associated tumor. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:9-17. [PMID: 38102462 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a class of envelope-free double-stranded DNA virus. HPV infection has been strongly associated with the development of many malignancies, such as cervical, anal and oral cancers. The viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 perform central roles on HPV-induced carcinogenic processes. During tumor development, it usually goes along with the activation of abnormal signaling pathways. E6 and E7 induces changes in cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, metastasis and other biological behaviors by affecting downstream tumor-related signaling pathways, thus promoting malignant transformation of cells and ultimately leading to tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we summarized that E6 and E7 proteins promote HPV-associated tumorigenesis and development by regulating the activation of various tumor-related signaling pathways, for example, the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, and NF-kB signaling pathway. We also discussed the importance of HPV-encoded E6 and E7 and their regulated tumor-related signaling pathways for the diagnosis and effective treatment of HPV-associated tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Lujuan Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Liang Zuo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Shuichao Gao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xianjie Jiang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqian Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Jinguan Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Mingjing Peng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyan Tang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Tian
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Yujuan Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Public Service Platform of Tumor organoids Technology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
| | - Qianjin Liao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Cancer Metabolism, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
- University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
- Public Service Platform of Tumor organoids Technology, 283 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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10
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Kang M, Qiu J, Wei H, Li J. A bibliometric analysis of global research trends of inflammation in cervical cancer: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36598. [PMID: 38065854 PMCID: PMC10713142 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a common malignant tumor and a leading cause of death in women worldwide. It plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and progression of cervical cancer. A total of 1606 references on inflammation in cervical cancer were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and visual analysis was performed using VOSviewer. Inflammation in cervical cancer has attracted the attention of researchers. Even though China is the country that publishes the most papers, with the most of the top-ranking institutions, there is no extensive collaboration and exchange of papers by Chinese scholars. PLOS One is a popular journal on inflammation in cervical cancer. Instead, authors from other countries perform better, for example, the Sjoerd H. Van Der Burg is the most widely cited author and "M2 macrophages induced by prostaglandin E2 and IL-6 from cervical carcinoma are switched to activated M1 macrophages by CD4 + Th1 cells" (Moniek Heusinkveld, Leiden University Medical Center) is the most cited article of inflammation in cervical cancer. Keywords associated with "apoptosis," "HPV," "NF-κB," and "oxidative stress have been used in many studies, and keywords associated with "apoptosis," "human papillomavirus (HPV)," "NF-κB," and "oxidative stress" are involved in many studies, and there may be more research ideas in the future. From the perspective of precision medicine, more substantive research articles can promote scientific value, strengthen communication and cooperation, produce more extensive research results, and greatly promote the clinical diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meili Kang
- Central Laboratory of Medicine School, Shaanxi Province University Engineering Research Center of Biosecurity Defense Equipment, Xi’an Peihua University, Xi’an, China
- Department of cardiology, First Hospital of Northwestern University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junling Qiu
- Department of cardiology, First Hospital of Northwestern University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Rehabilitation Teaching and Research, Xi’an Siyuan University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianing Li
- Department of Medicine School, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Medical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology Diseases of Fujian Province, Laboratory of Research and Diagnosis of Gynecological Diseases of Xiamen City, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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11
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Skelin J, Luk HY, Butorac D, Boon SS, Tomaić V. The effects of HPV oncoproteins on host communication networks: Therapeutic connotations. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29315. [PMID: 38115222 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are a leading cause of viral-induced malignancies worldwide, with a prominent association with cervical and head and neck cancers. The pivotal role of HPV oncoproteins, E5, E6, and E7, in manipulating cellular events, which contribute to viral pathogenesis in various ways, has been extensively documented. This article reviews the influence of HPV oncoproteins on cellular signaling pathways within the host cell, shedding light on the underlying molecular mechanisms. A comprehensive understanding of these molecular alterations is essential for the development of targeted therapies and strategies to combat HPV-induced premalignancies and prevent their progress to cancer. Furthermore, this review underscores the intricate interplay between HPV oncoproteins and some of the most important cellular signaling pathways: Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, JAK/STAT, and PI3K AKT/mTOR. The treatment efficacies of the currently available inhibitors on these pathways in an HPV-positive context are also discussed. This review also highlights the importance of continued research to advance our knowledge and enhance therapeutic interventions for HPV-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Skelin
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ho Yin Luk
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Dražan Butorac
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Siaw Shi Boon
- Department of Microbiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Vjekoslav Tomaić
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
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12
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Shi L, Zhang D, Han H, Zhang L, Li S, Yang F, He C. HOTAIR knockdown impairs metastasis of cervical cancer cells by down-regulating metastasis-related genes. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2023; 43:2181060. [PMID: 36972141 DOI: 10.1080/01443615.2023.2181060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of LncRNA HOTAIR knockdown in the biological impacts on cervical cancer cells. The HOTAIR gene in two human cervical cancer cell lines was silenced with small interfering (si) RNA siHOTAIR. Proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of cells were assessed following the knockdown. The expressions of Notch1, EpCAM, E-cadherin, vimentin and STAT3 were assessed using qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis. Compared with controls, HOTAIR levels were reduced significantly, the OD values of cells were significantly decreased in proliferation assays, cell apoptosis was significantly increased, cell migration and invasion were significantly reduced after HOTAIR knockdown. Molecular analysis showed that Notch1, EpCAM, vimentin and STAT3 expressions were decreased significantly, while the expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased after HOTAIR knockdown. Rescue experiments further confirmed that Notch1 and STAT3 were involved in siHOTAIR-mediated reduction of migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells.IMPACT STATEMENTWhat is already known on this subject? Long non-coding RNAs including HOTAIR, is implicated in occurrence and development of cancer and have been explored to develop new therapeutic options for cancer.What do the results of this study add? HOTAIR silencing significantly reduces the viability and migration ability of cells and induces cell apoptosis, adding experimental data supporting the potential use of HOTAIR specific-siRNA as a therapeutic avenue for the cancer.What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The finding from this study would help develop clinically applicable therapeutic avenues for the cancer and identify new treatment targets in the relevant pathways leading to new drugs or treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Dehui Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital and Huiren Cancer Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 962 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Liangyu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Sirui Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Caijun He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the 962 Hospital, Joint Logistics Support of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Harbin, P.R. China
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13
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Thakur K, Janjua D, Aggarwal N, Chhokar A, Yadav J, Tripathi T, Chaudhary A, Senrung A, Shrivastav A, Bharti AC. Physical interaction between STAT3 and AP1 in cervical carcinogenesis: Implications in HPV transcription control. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166817. [PMID: 37532113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The constitutive activation and aberrant expression of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) plays a key role in initiation and progression of cervical cancer (CaCx). How STAT3 influences HPV transcription is poorly defined. In the present study, we probed direct and indirect interactions of STAT3 with HPV16/18 LCR. In silico assessment of cis-elements present on LCR revealed the presence of potential STAT3 binding motifs. However, experimental validation by ChIP-PCR could not confirm any specific STAT3 binding on HPV16 LCR. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of STAT3 with other host transcription factors that bind LCR, highlighted the physical association of STAT3 with c-FOS and c-JUN. This was further confirmed in vitro by co-immunoprecipitation, where STAT3 co-immunoprecipitated with c-FOS and c-JUN in CaCx cells. The result was supported by immunocytochemical analysis and colocalization of STAT3 with c-FOS and c-JUN. Positive signals in proximity ligation assay validated physical interaction and colocalization of STAT3 with AP1. Colocalization of STAT3 with c-FOS and c-JUN increased upon IL-6 treatment and decreased post-Stattic treatment. Alteration of STAT3 expression affected the subcellular localization of c-FOS and c-JUN, along with the expression of viral oncoproteins (E6 and E7) in CaCx cells. High expression of c-JUN in tumor tissues correlated with poor prognosis in both HPV16 and HPV18 CaCx cohort whereas high expression of STAT3 correlated with poor prognosis in HPV18 CaCx lesions only. Overall, the data suggest an indirect interaction of STAT3 with HPV LCR via c-FOS and c-JUN and potentiate transcription of viral oncoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India; Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India
| | - Anuraag Shrivastav
- Department of Biology, The University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Paul Albrechtsen Research Institute CCMB, 675 McDermot Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, India.
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14
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Strobel TD, Weber M, Heber N, Holzer A, Hoppe-Seyler K, Hoppe-Seyler F. Revisiting the role of endogenous STAT3 in HPV-positive cervical cancer cells. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29230. [PMID: 38009614 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Novel treatment options for human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cancers are urgently required. The oncogenic transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is considered to be constitutively active in HPV-positive cervical cancer cells and essential for their proliferation. Moreover, STAT3 was reported to undergo mutually stimulatory interactions with the HPV E6/E7 oncogenes. Thus, inhibiting STAT3 in HPV-positive cancer cells is under discussion to provide a powerful novel therapeutic strategy. We here show that the antifungal drug ciclopirox destabilizes the STAT3 protein by acting as an iron chelator. However, by exploring the functional consequences of STAT3 inhibition in HPV-positive cancer cells, we obtained several unexpected results. Chemical STAT3 inhibitors heterogeneously affect cervical cancer cell proliferation and those which act antiproliferative also block the growth of STAT3 knockout cells, indicating induction of off-target effects. In contrast to several chemical inhibitors, genetic inhibition of STAT3 expression by either RNA interference or the CRISPR/Cas9 method does not appreciably affect cervical cancer cell proliferation. Transcriptome analyses indicate that blocking STAT3 expression in HPV-positive cancer cells has very limited effects on putative STAT3 target genes. Although the targeted inhibition of specific growth-promoting signaling pathways leads to a feedback activation of STAT3 in cervical cancer cells via Janus kinase 1/2, this does not lead to treatment resistance. Moreover, we did not obtain experimental evidence for a STAT3-linked activation of HPV E6/E7 oncogene expression or, vice versa, an E6/E7-dependent activation of STAT3, at endogenous conditions in cervical cancer cells. Collectively, these findings question the essential role of STAT3 in cervical cancer cell proliferation and the strategy to inhibit STAT3 in these cells for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias D Strobel
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Weber
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nora Heber
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angela Holzer
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Hoppe-Seyler
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Hoppe-Seyler
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Thiruvengadam R, Kim JH. Therapeutic strategy for oncovirus-mediated oral cancer: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115035. [PMID: 37364477 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a neoplastic disorder of the oral cavities, including the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and lower and upper gums. Oral cancer assessment entails a multistep process that requires deep knowledge of the molecular networks involved in its progression and development. Preventive measures including public awareness of risk factors and improving public behaviors are necessary, and screening techniques should be encouraged to enable early detection of malignant lesions. Herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) are associated with other premalignant and carcinogenic conditions leading to oral cancer. Oncogenic viruses induce chromosomal rearrangements; activate signal transduction pathways via growth factor receptors, cytoplasmic protein kinases, and DNA binding transcription factors; modulate cell cycle proteins, and inhibit apoptotic pathways. In this review, we present an up-to-date overview on the use of nanomaterials for regulating viral proteins and oral cancer as well as the role of phytocompounds on oral cancer. The targets linking oncoviral proteins and oral carcinogenesis were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Scarth JA, Wasson CW, Patterson MR, Evans D, Barba-Moreno D, Carden H, Cassidy R, Whitehouse A, Mankouri J, Samson A, Morgan EL, Macdonald A. Exploitation of ATP-sensitive potassium ion (K ATP) channels by HPV promotes cervical cancer cell proliferation by contributing to MAPK/AP-1 signalling. Oncogene 2023; 42:2558-2577. [PMID: 37443304 PMCID: PMC10439009 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02772-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs) is the causal factor in multiple human malignancies, including >99% of cervical cancers and a growing proportion of oropharyngeal cancers. Prolonged expression of the viral oncoproteins E6 and E7 is necessary for transformation to occur. Although some of the mechanisms by which these oncoproteins contribute to carcinogenesis are well-characterised, a comprehensive understanding of the signalling pathways manipulated by HPV is lacking. Here, we present the first evidence to our knowledge that the targeting of a host ion channel by HPV can contribute to cervical carcinogenesis. Through the use of pharmacological activators and inhibitors of ATP-sensitive potassium ion (KATP) channels, we demonstrate that these channels are active in HPV-positive cells and that this activity is required for HPV oncoprotein expression. Further, expression of SUR1, which forms the regulatory subunit of the multimeric channel complex, was found to be upregulated in both HPV+ cervical cancer cells and in samples from patients with cervical disease, in a manner dependent on the E7 oncoprotein. Importantly, knockdown of SUR1 expression or KATP channel inhibition significantly impeded cell proliferation via induction of a G1 cell cycle phase arrest. This was confirmed both in vitro and in in vivo tumourigenicity assays. Mechanistically, we propose that the pro-proliferative effect of KATP channels is mediated via the activation of a MAPK/AP-1 signalling axis. A complete characterisation of the role of KATP channels in HPV-associated cancer is now warranted in order to determine whether the licensed and clinically available inhibitors of these channels could constitute a potential novel therapy in the treatment of HPV-driven cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Scarth
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Christopher W Wasson
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Molly R Patterson
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Debra Evans
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Diego Barba-Moreno
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Holli Carden
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Rosa Cassidy
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Adrian Whitehouse
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jamel Mankouri
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Adel Samson
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St James's University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS9 7TF, UK
| | - Ethan L Morgan
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
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17
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Li Y, Patterson MR, Morgan EL, Wasson CW, Ryder EL, Barba‐Moreno D, Scarth JA, Wang M, Macdonald A. CREB1 activation promotes human papillomavirus oncogene expression and cervical cancer cell transformation. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29025. [PMID: 37565725 PMCID: PMC10952218 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect the oral and anogenital mucosa and can cause cancer. The high-risk (HR)-HPV oncoproteins, E6 and E7, hijack cellular factors to promote cell proliferation, delay differentiation and induce genomic instability, thus predisposing infected cells to malignant transformation. cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein 1 (CREB1) is a master transcription factor that can function as a proto-oncogene, the abnormal activity of which is associated with multiple cancers. However, little is known about the interplay between HPV and CREB1 activity in cervical cancer or the productive HPV lifecycle. We show that CREB is activated in productively infected primary keratinocytes and that CREB1 expression and phosphorylation is associated with the progression of HPV+ cervical disease. The depletion of CREB1 or inhibition of CREB1 activity results in decreased cell proliferation and reduced expression of markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, coupled with reduced migration in HPV+ cervical cancer cell lines. CREB1 expression is negatively regulated by the tumor suppressor microRNA, miR-203a, and CREB1 phosphorylation is controlled through the MAPK/MSK pathway. Crucially, CREB1 directly binds the viral promoter to upregulate transcription of the E6/E7 oncogenes, establishing a positive feedback loop between the HPV oncoproteins and CREB1. Our findings demonstrate the oncogenic function of CREB1 in HPV+ cervical cancer and its relationship with the HPV oncogenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yigen Li
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | - Molly R. Patterson
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | | | - Christopher W. Wasson
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | - Emma L. Ryder
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | - Diego Barba‐Moreno
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | - James A. Scarth
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | - Miao Wang
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
- Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular BiologyUniversity of LeedsLeedsWest YorkshireUK
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18
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Vučković N, Hoppe-Seyler K, Riemer AB. Characterization of DoTc2 4510-Identifying HPV16 Presence in a Cervical Carcinoma Cell Line Previously Considered to Be HPV-Negative. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3810. [PMID: 37568626 PMCID: PMC10417116 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15153810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths in women, with over 340,000 women dying from this disease in 2020. Almost all cases have an underlying persistent infection with an oncogenic high-risk type of human papillomavirus (HPV), mainly HPV16. While cervical squamous cell carcinoma is hardly ever HPV-negative, a small subset of adenocarcinoma exhibits absence of HPV, even after disproval of false-negative testing results due to low viral load. This proportion is evident in many cervical cancer studies and is reflected in the repertoire of model cell lines commonly used in research. As the viral origin of cervical cancer makes it a disease preventable and potentially treatable by immunotherapeutic approaches, it is the focus of many studies. For pertinent research, both a broad set of HPV-infected cervical carcinoma models are required, as well as stringent negative controls. A ubiquitously used HPV-negative cervical adenocarcinoma cell line is C-33A. Another cervical cancer cell line is available for purchase from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), namely DoTc2 4510, described to be HPV-negative and thus as a model for a rare gynecological malignancy. Here, we present findings proving that DoTc2 4510 is, in fact, an HPV16-positive cell line. This we assessed using a highly sensitive nested multiplex PCR protocol adapted for the identification of 12 carcinogenic HPV types and a second PCR targeting the HPV16 oncogenes E6 and E7. Subsequently, the protein expression of E6 and E7 was examined, as well as the expression of their target proteins p53, p21, and p16INK4a, to assess E6/E7 functionality. Finally, to attest to the survival dependence of DoTc2 4510 cells on HPV16, we performed an HPV16 E6/E7-targeted siRNA knock-down, which indeed led to senescence induction. Together, these findings demonstrate that DoTc2 4510 is an HPV16-transformed cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nika Vučković
- Immunotherapy and Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karin Hoppe-Seyler
- Molecular Therapy of Virus-Associated Cancers, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Angelika B. Riemer
- Immunotherapy and Immunoprevention, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Molecular Vaccine Design, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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19
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Liu S, Liu S, Yu Z, Zhou W, Zheng M, Gu R, Hong J, Yang Z, Chi X, Guo G, Li X, Chen N, Huang S, Wang S, Chen JL. STAT3 regulates antiviral immunity by suppressing excessive interferon signaling. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112806. [PMID: 37440406 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study identifies interleukin-6 (IL-6)-independent phosphorylation of STAT3 Y705 at the early stage of infection with several viruses, including influenza A virus (IAV). Such activation of STAT3 is dependent on the retinoic acid-induced gene I/mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein/spleen tyrosine kinase (RIG-I/MAVS/Syk) axis and critical for antiviral immunity. We generate STAT3Y705F/+ knockin mice that display a remarkably suppressed antiviral response to IAV infection, as evidenced by impaired expression of several antiviral genes, severe lung tissue injury, and poor survival compared with wild-type animals. Mechanistically, STAT3 Y705 phosphorylation restrains IAV pathogenesis by repressing excessive production of interferons (IFNs). Blocking phosphorylation significantly augments the expression of type I and III IFNs, potentiating the virulence of IAV in mice. Importantly, knockout of IFNAR1 or IFNLR1 in STAT3Y705F/+ mice protects the animals from lung injury and reduces viral load. The results indicate that activation of STAT3 by Y705 phosphorylation is vital for establishment of effective antiviral immunity by suppressing excessive IFN signaling induced by viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Siya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ziding Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenzhuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meichun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Rongrong Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jinxuan Hong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Guijie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Na Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ji-Long Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Pathogen Infection and Immunology of Fujian Province, College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100101, China.
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20
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Mukherjee AG, Ramesh Wanjari U, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A, Jayaraj R, Katturajan R, Kannampuzha S, Murali R, Namachivayam A, Evan Prince S, Vellingiri B, Dey A, Renu K. HPV-associated cancers: insights into the mechanistic scenario and latest updates. Med Oncol 2023; 40:212. [PMID: 37358816 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer and related diseases are the second leading cause of death worldwide. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is an infectious agent that can be spread mainly through sexual contact and has been linked to several malignancies in both sexes. HPV is linked to almost all cases of cervical cancer. It is also linked to many head and neck cancer (HNC) cases, especially oropharyngeal cancer. Also, some HPV-related cancers, like vaginal, vulvar, penile, and anal cancers, are related to the anogenital area. Over the past few decades, testing for and preventing cervical cancer has improved, but anogenital cancers are still harder to confirm. HPV16 and HPV18 have been extensively researched due to their significant carcinogenic potential. The products of two early viral genes, E6 and E7, have been identified as playing crucial roles in cellular transformation, as emphasized by biological investigations. The complete characterization of numerous mechanisms employed by E6 and E7 in undermining the regulation of essential cellular processes has significantly contributed to our comprehension of HPV-induced cancer progression. This review focuses on the various types of cancers caused by HPV infection and also sheds light on the signaling cascades involved in the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirban Goutam Mukherjee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- Jindal Institute of Behavioral Sciences (JIBS), Jindal Global Institution of Eminence Deemed to Be University, 28, Sonipat, 131001, India
- Director of Clinical Sciences, Northern Territory Institute of Research and Training, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Ramkumar Katturajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sandra Kannampuzha
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Reshma Murali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Arunraj Namachivayam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Sabina Evan Prince
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Balachandar Vellingiri
- Stem cell and Regenerative Medicine/Translational Research, Department of Zoology, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab (CUPB), Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700073, India
| | - Kaviyarasi Renu
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600077, India
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21
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Manners O, Baquero-Perez B, Mottram TJ, Yonchev ID, Trevelyan CJ, Harper KL, Menezes S, Patterson MR, Macdonald A, Wilson SA, Aspden JL, Whitehouse A. m 6A Regulates the Stability of Cellular Transcripts Required for Efficient KSHV Lytic Replication. Viruses 2023; 15:1381. [PMID: 37376680 DOI: 10.3390/v15061381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The epitranscriptomic modification N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a ubiquitous feature of the mammalian transcriptome. It modulates mRNA fate and dynamics to exert regulatory control over numerous cellular processes and disease pathways, including viral infection. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) reactivation from the latent phase leads to the redistribution of m6A topology upon both viral and cellular mRNAs within infected cells. Here we investigate the role of m6A in cellular transcripts upregulated during KSHV lytic replication. Our results show that m6A is crucial for the stability of the GPRC5A mRNA, whose expression is induced by the KSHV latent-lytic switch master regulator, the replication and transcription activator (RTA) protein. Moreover, we demonstrate that GPRC5A is essential for efficient KSHV lytic replication by directly regulating NFκB signalling. Overall, this work highlights the central importance of m6A in modulating cellular gene expression to influence viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Manners
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Belinda Baquero-Perez
- Molecular Virology Unit, Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Timothy J Mottram
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Ivaylo D Yonchev
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Christopher J Trevelyan
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Katherine L Harper
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Sarah Menezes
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Molly R Patterson
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Andrew Macdonald
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Stuart A Wilson
- Sheffield Institute for Nucleic Acids, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Julie L Aspden
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- LeedsOmics, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Adrian Whitehouse
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Astbury Centre of Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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22
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Valle-Mendiola A, Gutiérrez-Hoya A, Soto-Cruz I. JAK/STAT Signaling and Cervical Cancer: From the Cell Surface to the Nucleus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1141. [PMID: 37372319 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway constitutes a rapid signaling module from the cell surface to the nucleus, and activates different cellular responses, such as proliferation, survival, migration, invasion, and inflammation. When the JAK/STAT pathway is altered, it contributes to cancer progression and metastasis. STAT proteins play a central role in developing cervical cancer, and inhibiting the JAK/STAT signaling may be necessary to induce tumor cell death. Several cancers show continuous activation of different STATs, including cervical cancer. The constitutive activation of STAT proteins is associated with a poor prognosis and overall survival. The human papillomavirus (HPV) oncoproteins E6 and E7 play an essential role in cervical cancer progression, and they activate the JAK/STAT pathway and other signals that induce proliferation, survival, and migration of cancer cells. Moreover, there is a crosstalk between the JAK/STAT signaling cascade with other signaling pathways, where a plethora of different proteins activate to induce gene transcription and cell responses that contribute to tumor growth. Therefore, inhibition of the JAK/STAT pathway shows promise as a new target in cancer treatment. In this review, we discuss the role of the JAK/STAT pathway components and the role of the HPV oncoproteins associated with cellular malignancy through the JAK/STAT proteins and other signaling pathways to induce tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arturo Valle-Mendiola
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cell Differentiation and Cancer Research Unit, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Colonia Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Adriana Gutiérrez-Hoya
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cell Differentiation and Cancer Research Unit, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Colonia Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
- Cátedra CONACYT, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
| | - Isabel Soto-Cruz
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Cell Differentiation and Cancer Research Unit, FES Zaragoza, National University of Mexico, Batalla 5 de Mayo s/n, Colonia Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico
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23
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Morgan EL, Toni T, Viswanathan R, Robbins Y, Yang X, Cheng H, Gunti S, Huynh A, Sowers AL, Mitchell JB, Allen CT, Chen Z, Van Waes C. Inhibition of USP14 promotes TNFα-induced cell death in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Cell Death Differ 2023; 30:1382-1396. [PMID: 37055579 PMCID: PMC10154301 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-023-01144-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
TNFα is a key mediator of immune, chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced cytotoxicity, but several cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), display resistance to TNFα due to activation of the canonical NFκB pro-survival pathway. However, direct targeting of this pathway is associated with significant toxicity; thus, it is vital to identify novel mechanism(s) contributing to NFκB activation and TNFα resistance in cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of proteasome-associated deubiquitinase USP14 is significantly increased in HNSCC and correlates with worse progression free survival in Human Papillomavirus (HPV)- HNSCC. Inhibition or depletion of USP14 inhibited the proliferation and survival of HNSCC cells. Further, USP14 inhibition reduced both basal and TNFα-inducible NFκB activity, NFκB-dependent gene expression and the nuclear translocation of the NFκB subunit RELA. Mechanistically, USP14 bound to both RELA and IκBα and reduced IκBα K48-ubiquitination leading to the degradation of IκBα, a critical inhibitor of the canonical NFκB pathway. Furthermore, we demonstrated that b-AP15, an inhibitor of USP14 and UCHL5, sensitized HNSCC cells to TNFα-mediated cell death, as well as radiation-induced cell death in vitro. Finally, b-AP15 delayed tumor growth and enhanced survival, both as a monotherapy and in combination with radiation, in HNSCC tumor xenograft models in vivo, which could be significantly attenuated by TNFα depletion. These data offer new insights into the activation of NFκB signaling in HNSCC and demonstrate that small molecule inhibitors targeting the ubiquitin pathway warrant further investigation as a novel therapeutic avenue to sensitize these cancers to TNFα- and radiation-induced cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan L Morgan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Tiffany Toni
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- NIH Medical Research Scholars Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ramya Viswanathan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yvette Robbins
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xinping Yang
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hui Cheng
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sreenivasulu Gunti
- Sinonasal and Skull Base Tumor Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Angel Huynh
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anastasia L Sowers
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James B Mitchell
- Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clint T Allen
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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24
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Sabeena S. Role of noncoding RNAs with emphasis on long noncoding RNAs as cervical cancer biomarkers. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28525. [PMID: 36702772 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is a significant public health problem in developing countries, as most cases present at an advanced stage. This review aimed to analyze the role of noncoding RNAs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cervical cancers. Published studies on specific microRNA signatures in body fluids and cervical cancer tissues are highly heterogeneous, and there are no validated assays. The precision of the various immune-associated long noncoding (lncRNA) signatures should be assessed in clinical samples. Even though lncRNAs are tissue and cancer-specific, safe and appropriate methods for delivery to tumor tissues, toxicities and side effects are to be explored. Few studies have evaluated deregulated lncRNA expression levels with clinicopathological factors in a limited number of clinical samples. Prospective studies assessing the diagnostic and prognostic roles of circulating lncRNAs and P-Element-induced wimpy testis interacting PIWI RNAs (Piwil RNAs) in cervical cancer cases are essential. For the clinical application of lnc-RNA-based biomarkers, comprehensive research is needed as the impact of noncoding transcripts on molecular pathways is complex. The standardization and validation of deregulated ncRNAs in noninvasive samples of cervical cancer cases are needed.
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25
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Li J, Xiao Y, Yu H, Jin X, Fan S, Liu W. Mutual connected IL-6, EGFR and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms modulate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC using immunotherapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1140133. [PMID: 37124491 PMCID: PMC10130400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1140133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of techniques and immunotherapies are widely applied in cancer treatment such as checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, and cancer vaccines apart from radiation therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy give enduring anti-tumor effects. Minority people utilize single-agent immunotherapy, and most people adopt multiple-agent immunotherapy. The difficulties are resolved by including the biomarkers to choose the non-responders' and responders' potentials. The possibility of the potential complications and side effects are examined to improve cancer therapy effects. The Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) is analyzed with the help of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Insulin-like growth factor (IGF). But how IGF and PD-L1 upregulation depends on IL-6, EGFR, and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms are poorly understood. Briefly, IL-6 stimulates gene expressions of IGF-1/2, and IL-6 cross-activates IGF-1R signaling, NF-κB, and STAT3. NF-κB, up-regulating PD-L1 expressions. IL-6/JAK1 primes PD-L1 for STT3-mediated PD-L1 glycosylation, stabilizes PD-L1 and trafficks it to the cell surface. Moreover, ΔNp63 is predominantly overexpressed over TAp63 in HNSCC, elevates circulating IGF-1 levels by repressing IGFBP3, and activates insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1).TP63 and SOX2 form a complex with CCAT1 to promote EGFR expression. EGFR activation through EGF binding extends STAT3 activation, and EGFR and its downstream signaling prolong PD-L1 mRNA half-life. PLC-γ1 binding to a cytoplasmic motif of elevated PD-L1 improves EGF-induced activation of inositol 1,4,5-tri-phosphate (IP3), and diacylglycerol (DAG) subsequently elevates RAC1-GTP. RAC1-GTP was convincingly demonstrated to induce the autocrine production and action of IL-6/IL-6R, forming a feedback loop for IGF and PD-L1 upregulation. Furthermore, the LIN28-Let7 axis mediates the NF-κB-IL-6-STAT3 amplification loop, activated LIN28-Let7 axis up-regulates RAS, AKT, IL-6, IGF-1/2, IGF-1R, Myc, and PD-L1, plays pivotal roles in IGF-1R activation and Myc, NF-κB, STAT3 concomitant activation. Therefore, based on a detailed mechanisms review, our article firstly reveals that IL-6, EGFR, and LIN28/Let7-related mechanisms mediate PD-L1 and IGF upregulation in HNSCC, which comprehensively influences immunity, inflammation, metabolism, and metastasis in the tumor microenvironment, and might be fundamental for overcoming therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Li
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yazhou Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huayue Yu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Jin
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Songqing Fan
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of The Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Liu,
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26
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Pagni RL, Souza PDC, Pegoraro R, Porchia BFMM, da Silva JR, Aps LRDMM, Silva MDO, Rodrigues KB, Sales NS, Ferreira LCDS, Moreno ACR. Interleukin-6 and indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase as potential adjuvant targets for Papillomavirus-related tumors immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1005937. [PMID: 36405719 PMCID: PMC9668887 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1005937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections represent an important public health issue. Nearly all cervical malignancies are associated with HPV, and a range of other female and male cancers, such as anogenital and oropharyngeal. Aiming to treat HPV-related tumors, our group developed vaccines based on the genetic fusion of the HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) with the HPV-16 E7 oncoprotein (gDE7 vaccines). Despite the promising antitumor results reached by gDE7 vaccines in mice, combined therapies may increase the therapeutic effects by improving antitumor responses and halting immune suppressive mechanisms elicited by tumor cells. Considering cancer immunosuppressive mechanisms, indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme and interleukin-6 (IL-6) stand out in HPV-related tumors. Since IL-6 sustained the constitutive IDO expression, here we evaluated the therapeutic outcomes achieved by the combination of active immunotherapy based on a gDE7 protein-based vaccine with adjuvant treatments involving blocking IDO, either by use of IDO inhibitors or IL-6 knockout mice. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and transgenic IL-6-/- mice were engrafted with HPV16-E6/E7-expressing TC-1 cells and treated with 1-methyl-tryptophan isoforms (D-1MT and DL-1MT), capable to inhibit IDO. In vitro, the 1MT isoforms reduced IL-6 gene expression and IL-6 secretion in TC-1 cells. In vivo, the multi-targeted treatment improved the antitumor efficacy of the gDE7-based protein vaccine. Although the gDE7 immunization achieves partial tumor mass control in combination with D-1MT or DL-1MT in WT mice or when administered in IL-6-/- mice, the combination of gDE7 and 1MT in IL-6-/- mice further enhanced the antitumor effects, reaching total tumor rejection. The outcome of the combined therapy was associated with an increased frequency of activated dendritic cells and decreased frequencies of intratumoral polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells and T regulatory cells. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that IL-6 and IDO negatively contribute to the activation of immune cells, particularly dendritic cells, reducing gDE7 vaccine-induced protective immune responses and, therefore, opening perspectives for the use of combined strategies based on inhibition of IL-6 and IDO as immunometabolic adjuvants for immunotherapies against HPV-related tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Liberato Pagni
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Cruz Souza
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Pegoraro
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Felício Milazzotto Maldonado Porchia
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- ImunoTera Soluções Terapêuticas Ltda., São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jamile Ramos da Silva
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luana Raposo de Melo Moraes Aps
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- ImunoTera Soluções Terapêuticas Ltda., São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariângela de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine Bitencourt Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natiely Silva Sales
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Ramos Moreno
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento de Vacinas, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Thakur K, Janjua D, Shishodia G, Chhokar A, Aggarwal N, Yadav J, Tripathi T, Chaudhary A, Senrung A, Bharti AC. Investigation of molecular mechanisms underlying JAK/STAT signaling pathway in HPV-induced cervical carcinogenesis using 'omics' approach. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:255. [PMID: 36224441 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The precise mechanism of action of Janus Kinases (JAK)/Signal Transducer and activator of Transcription (STAT) signaling in human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cervical cancer (CaCx) is poorly defined. The present study dissected the underlying components of JAK/STAT signaling in HPV-positive cervical neoplasms. Whole transcriptome profile of CaCx cohort from TCGA database revealed elevated STAT3 and its impact on CaCx patients' survival. Using the RT2 Profiler PCR Array, we analyzed 84 genes of interest associated with JAK/STAT signaling in mRNA derived from HPV-negative and HPV-positive cervical lesions which revealed 21 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Analyses of DEGs using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery tool indicated maximum genes enriched in immune response and negative regulation of apoptotic process. Protein-protein network analysis indicated IL4, STAT5A, STAT4, and JAK3 to be the key genes in the interaction network. Further, 7 key DEGs (IL4R, IRF1, EGFR, OAS1, PIAS1, STAT4, and STAT5A) were validated in TCGA cohort using R2 platform. These genes were differentially expressed among HPV-positive cervical tissues and their correlation with STAT3 was established. EGFR and IL4R showed a comparatively strong correlation with STAT3 that supports their involvement in pathogenesis of CaCx. Finally, the Kaplan-Meier analysis established the prognostic association of the key DEGs, in CaCx cohort. The STAT3 and associated key genes discovered from our study establish a strong pathogenic role of JAK/STAT3 pathway in HPV-mediated cervical carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kulbhushan Thakur
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Divya Janjua
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Gauri Shishodia
- Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida, India.,Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Arun Chhokar
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Nikita Aggarwal
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Joni Yadav
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Tanya Tripathi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Apoorva Chaudhary
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Anna Senrung
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Alok Chandra Bharti
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi (North Campus), New Delhi, 110007, India. .,Division of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida, India.
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Liu C, Feng H, Song L, Li S, Wu Y, Yang L. Synergistic effects of thalidomide and cisplatin are mediated via the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathways in cervical cancer. Oncol Rep 2022; 48:169. [PMID: 35920185 PMCID: PMC9478987 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide (THD) has been found to synergize with cisplatin (DDP) in certain types of cancers; however, their combined use in the treatment of cervical cancer has not been reported to date, at least to the best of our knowledge. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the synergistic effects of THD and DDP and determine their regulatory effects on the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) and Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways in cervical cancer. For this purpose, 0‑160 µM THD and 0‑64 µM DDP monotherapy or in combination were used to treat the HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cell lines. This was followed by the calculation of the combination index (CI) and 160 µM THD and 16 µM DDP were then used to treat the cells. Relative cell viability and apoptosis, as well as the mRNA and protein levels of PI3K, AKT, JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated. The results revealed that THD and DDP monotherapy suppressed the viability of the HeLa and SiHa cells in a concentration‑dependent manner. Moreover, THD and DDP treatment exerted a more prominent suppressive effect on the relative viability of HeLa and SiHa cells compared with DDP monotherapy at several concentration settings; further CI calculation revealed that the optimal synergistic concentrations were 160 µM for THD and 16 µM for DDP. Subsequently, combined treatment with THD and DDP suppressed relative cell viability, whereas it promoted cell apoptosis compared with THD or DPP monotherapy; it also inhibited the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathways compared with DPP or THD monotherapy in both HeLa and SiHa cells. On the whole, the present study demonstrated that THD synergizes with DDP to exert suppressive effects on cervical cancer cell lines. This synergistic action also inactivated the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 pathways. Thus, these findings suggest that the combined use of THD and DPP may have potential for use in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cairu Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056008, P.R. China
| | - Haiqin Feng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056008, P.R. China
| | - Lihong Song
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056008, P.R. China
| | - Shuirui Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056008, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056008, P.R. China
| | - Liping Yang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, Hebei 056008, P.R. China
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Skelin J, Sabol I, Tomaić V. Do or Die: HPV E5, E6 and E7 in Cell Death Evasion. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11091027. [PMID: 36145459 PMCID: PMC9502459 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect the dividing cells of human epithelia and hijack the cellular replication machinery to ensure their own propagation. In the effort to adapt the cell to suit their own reproductive needs, the virus changes a number of processes, amongst which is the ability of the cell to undergo programmed cell death. Viral infections, forced cell divisions and mutations, which accumulate as a result of uncontrolled proliferation, all trigger one of several cell death pathways. Here, we examine the mechanisms employed by HPVs to ensure the survival of infected cells manipulated into cell cycle progression and proliferation.
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Wang HF, Jiang J, Wu JS, Zhang M, Pang X, Dai L, Tang YL, Liang XH. Hypermethylation of PRKCZ Regulated by E6 Inhibits Invasion and EMT via Cdc42 in HPV-Related Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174151. [PMID: 36077689 PMCID: PMC9454700 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To study the role of target genes with aberrant DNA methylation in HPV+ HNSCC. Methods: A HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array (Illumina) was used to identify differentially methylated genes. CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, and cell invasion assays were conducted to analyze the biological roles of PRKCZ. Western blot, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and animal studies were performed to explore the mechanisms underlying the functions of PRKCZ. Results: We selected PRKCZ, which is associated with HPV infection, as our target gene. PRKCZ was hypermethylated in HPV+ HNSCC patients, and PRKCZ methylation status was negatively related to the pathological grading of HNSCC patients. Silencing PRKCZ inhibited the malignant capacity of HPV+ HNSCC cells. Mechanistically, HPV might promote DNMT1 expression via E6 to increase PRKCZ methylation. Cdc42 was required for the PRKCZ-mediated mechanism of action, contributing to the occurrence of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HPV+ HNSCC cells. In addition, blocking PRKCZ delayed tumor growth in HPV16-E6/E7 transgenic mice. Cdc42 expression was decreased, whereas E-cadherin levels increased. Conclusion: We suggest that PRKCZ hypermethylation induces EMT via Cdc42 to act as a potent tumor promoter in HPV+ HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Fan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jian Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jia-Shun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ya-Ling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Pathology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-L.T.); (X.-H.L.)
| | - Xin-Hua Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-L.T.); (X.-H.L.)
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Upregulation of B3GNT3 is associated with immune infiltration and activation of NF-κB pathway in gynecologic cancers. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 152:103658. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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The Mechanism of Rac1 in Regulating HCC Cell Glycolysis Which Provides Underlying Therapeutic Target for HCC Therapy. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:7319641. [PMID: 35847360 PMCID: PMC9279021 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7319641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aim To explore the role of Rac1 on sorafenib resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods CCK-8, wound healing assay, Transwell, and cell cycle assay were used to detect the tumor cells development. Cell viability was assessed by MTT. The glycolytic pathway was revealed by cellular metabolism assays. Result We recovered that Rac1 upregulation was related to HCC patients' poorer prognosis. Forced expression of Rac1 promoted cell development and sorafenib chemoresistance in HCC cells. Rac1 inhibitor EHop-016 and sorafenib combination markedly prevented cell viability, G2/M phase cycle arrest, and apoptosis than single therapy. Furthermore, combination therapy decreased glycolysis in HCC cells. In vivo, the tumor growth was significantly prevented by combination therapy single therapy. Conclusion Our research declares that Rac1 inhibition could block sorafenib resistance in HCC by decreasing glycolysis, which would provide an underlying target for HCC therapy.
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Li Y, Qu J, Liu L, Sun Y, Zhang J, Han S, Zhang Y. Apogossypolone Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Cervical Cancer via Activating DKK3. Front Oncol 2022; 12:948023. [PMID: 35924156 PMCID: PMC9341244 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.948023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Apogossypolone (ApoG2), a novel derivative of gossypol lacking of two aldehyde groups, exhibits anti-tumor effects. However, the mechanisms by which ApoG2 regulates cervical cancer (CC) cells remain unclear. In this study, we treated two CC cell lines (CaSki and HeLa) with an increasing concentration of ApoG2 for 24 h. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and transwell invasion assay were utilized to detect cell proliferation, apoptosis and invasion in vitro. We first observed that ApoG2 inhibited cell proliferation, invasion and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process in CC cells, along with upregulation of Dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 3 (DKK3) in a dose-dependent manner. The immunohistochemistry confirmed the downregulation of DKK3 in tumor tissues. Moreover, DKK3 was correlated with FIGO stage and lymph node metastasis. Functionally, DKK3 overexpression significantly suppressed cell viability, colony formation and invasion, but promoted apoptosis in CaSki and HeLa cells. Overexpression of DKK3 upregulated the protein levels of cleaved caspase-3 and E-cadherin, but downregulated the protein levels of Bcl-2, N-cadherin and Vimentin. Furthermore, DKK3 knockdown reversed the suppressive effects of ApoG2 on CaSki cell proliferation, invasion and EMT markers, while DKK3 overexpression enhanced these effects. In addition, ApoG2 treatment inhibited CC xenograft tumor growth and upregulated the protein levels of DKK3, cleaved caspase-3 and E-cadherin. In conclusions, these findings suggested that ApoG2 could effectively inhibit the growth and invasion of CC cells at least partly by activating DKK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jinfeng Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junhua Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Sai Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Youzhong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Youzhong Zhang,
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Vieira GV, Somera dos Santos F, Lepique AP, da Fonseca CK, Innocentini LMAR, Braz-Silva PH, Quintana SM, Sales KU. Proteases and HPV-Induced Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14133038. [PMID: 35804810 PMCID: PMC9264903 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14133038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a sexually transmitted disease with high prevalence worldwide. Although most HPV infections do not lead to cancer, some HPV types are correlated with the majority of cervical cancers, and with some anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Moreover, enzymes known as proteases play an essential role in the pathogenic process in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. This review highlights the role of proteases and recent epidemiological data regarding HPV-dependent carcinogenesis. Abstract Persistent infection with Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the main etiologic factor for pre-malignant and malignant cervical lesions. Moreover, HPV is also associated with oropharynx and other anogenital carcinomas. Cancer-causing HPV viruses classified as group 1 carcinogens include 12 HPV types, with HPV 16 and 18 being the most prevalent. High-risk HPVs express two oncoproteins, E6 and E7, the products of which are responsible for the inhibition of p53 and pRB proteins, respectively, in human keratinocytes and cellular immortalization. p53 and pRB are pleiotropic proteins that regulate the activity of several signaling pathways and gene expression. Among the important factors that are augmented in HPV-mediated carcinogenesis, proteases not only control processes involved in cellular carcinogenesis but also control the microenvironment. For instance, genetic polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) are associated with carcinoma invasiveness. Similarly, the serine protease inhibitors hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor-1 (HAI-1) and -2 (HAI-2) have been identified as prognostic markers for HPV-dependent cervical carcinomas. This review highlights the most crucial mechanisms involved in HPV-dependent carcinogenesis, and includes a section on the proteolytic cascades that are important for the progression of this disease and their impact on patient health, treatment, and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Viliod Vieira
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.V.V.); (C.K.d.F.); (L.M.A.R.I.)
| | - Fernanda Somera dos Santos
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (F.S.d.S.); (S.M.Q.)
| | - Ana Paula Lepique
- Department of Immunology, Biomedical Sciences Institute, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil;
| | - Carol Kobori da Fonseca
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.V.V.); (C.K.d.F.); (L.M.A.R.I.)
| | - Lara Maria Alencar Ramos Innocentini
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.V.V.); (C.K.d.F.); (L.M.A.R.I.)
- Clinical Hospital of Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of Sao Paulo, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvana Maria Quintana
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (F.S.d.S.); (S.M.Q.)
| | - Katiuchia Uzzun Sales
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil; (G.V.V.); (C.K.d.F.); (L.M.A.R.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-16-3315-9113
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Purrahman D, Avarvand AY, Paradowska-Gorycka A, Saki N, Karimpourian H, Jodat H, Mahmoudian-Sani MR. Association of human papillomavirus with breast cancer: a new perspective on an old debate. Future Oncol 2022; 18:2483-2494. [PMID: 35695559 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2021-1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common cancer in the female population. Despite remarkable progress in the treatment of this cancer, its exact etiology is still unknown. Since the first evidence of an association between breast cancer and human papillomavirus (HPV) was provided in 1992, numerous studies have explored this subject but have reached contradictory results. In this review, the authors examine the existing evidence and hypotheses regarding the pathways whereby HPV infection can reach breast cells and the mediators linking HPV oncoproteins to breast cancer pathogenesis. Furthermore, the authors discuss contradictory findings regarding the association of HPV with breast cancer. Showing the link between HPV infection and increased genomic instability, reduced apoptosis, immune system dysfunction and progression of metastasis, the reviewed findings highlight the importance of active presence or history of HPV infection as a prognostic factor for breast tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daryush Purrahman
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Arshid Yousefi Avarvand
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Agnieszka Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Karimpourian
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Jodat
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Mahmoudian-Sani
- Thalassemia and Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Hu Z, Viswanathan R, Cheng H, Chen J, Yang X, Huynh A, Clavijo P, An Y, Robbins Y, Silvin C, Allen C, Ormanoglu P, Martin S, Cornelius S, Saleh A, Chen Z, Van Waes C, Morgan EL. Inhibiting WEE1 and IKK-RELA Crosstalk Overcomes TNFα Resistance in Head and Neck Cancers. Mol Cancer Res 2022; 20:867-882. [PMID: 35176168 PMCID: PMC9177594 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-21-0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
TNFα is a key mediator of immune and radiotherapy-induced cytotoxicity, but many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), display TNF resistance due to activation of the canonical IKK-NF-κB/RELA pro-survival pathway. However, toxicities associated with direct targeting of the canonical pathway point to the need to identify mechanism(s) contributing to TNFα resistance and synthetic lethal targets to overcome such resistance in cancer cells. Here, RNAi screening for modulators of TNFα-NF-κB reporter activity and cell survival unexpectedly implicated the WEE1 and CDC2 G2-M checkpoint kinases. The IKKα/β-RELA and WEE1-CDC2 signaling pathways are activated by TNFα and form a complex in cell lines derived from both human papillomavirus (-) and (+) subtypes of HNSCC. WEE1 inhibitor AZD1775 reduced IKK/RELA phosphorylation and the expression of NF-κB-dependent pro-survival proteins Cyclin D1 and BCL2. Combination of TNFα and AZD1775 enhanced caspase-mediated apoptosis in vitro, and combination treatment with radiotherapy and AZD1775 potentiated inhibition of HNSCC tumor xenograft growth in vivo, which could be significantly attenuated by TNFα depletion. These data offer new insight into the interplay between NF-κB signaling and WEE1-mediated regulation of the G2-M cell-cycle checkpoint in HNSCC. IMPLICATIONS Inhibiting WEE1 and IKK-RELA crosstalk could potentially enhance the effects of therapies mediated by TNFα with less systemic immune suppression and toxicity than observed with direct interruption of IKK-NF-κB/RELA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo Hu
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Shaoguan First People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shaoguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ramya Viswanathan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hui Cheng
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jianghong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xinping Yang
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Angel Huynh
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Paul Clavijo
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yi An
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Yvette Robbins
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Christopher Silvin
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Clint Allen
- Translational Tumor Immunology Program, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Pinar Ormanoglu
- RNAi Screening Facility, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Scott Martin
- RNAi Screening Facility, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Shaleeka Cornelius
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anthony Saleh
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zhong Chen
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Carter Van Waes
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Contributed equally as senior authors
| | - Ethan L. Morgan
- Tumor Biology Section, Head and Neck Surgery Branch, National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Contributed equally as senior authors
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Baj J, Forma A, Dudek I, Chilimoniuk Z, Dobosz M, Dobrzyński M, Teresiński G, Buszewicz G, Flieger J, Portincasa P. The Involvement of Human Papilloma Virus in Gastrointestinal Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112607. [PMID: 35681587 PMCID: PMC9179480 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. HPV infection has a strong relationship with the onset of cervix uteri, vagina, penis, anus, and oropharynx, but also tonsils and tongue cancers. Some epidemiological data indicate that except for gynecologic cancers, HPV infection can be one of the risk factors associated with a greater risk of induction and progression of gastrointestinal cancers. Data, however, remain contradictory and definite conclusions cannot be drawn, so far. The following review aims to organize recent evidence and summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the association between HPV infection and gastrointestinal tumors primarily focusing on esophageal, liver, gastric, colorectal, and anal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Baj
- Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Alicja Forma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.B.); (A.F.)
| | - Iga Dudek
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Zuzanna Chilimoniuk
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Maciej Dobosz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Michał Dobrzyński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Grzegorz Teresiński
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Grzegorz Buszewicz
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (I.D.); (Z.C.); (M.D.); (M.D.); (G.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences & Human Oncology, University of Bari Medical School, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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Yu X, Li Z, Bai R, Tang F. Transcriptional factor 3 binds to sirtuin 1 to activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cervical cancer. Bioengineered 2022; 13:12516-12531. [PMID: 35587604 PMCID: PMC9275895 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2076481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional factor 3 (TCF3, also termed E2A), first reported to exert crucial functions during lymphocyte development, has been revealed to participate in the pathogenesis of human cancers. The aim of this work was to investigate the function of TCF3 in cervical cancer (CC) and the molecular interactions. The bioinformatics prediction suggested that TCF3 was highly expressed in CC and linked to poor prognosis. Increased TCF3 expression was identified in CC cell lines, and its downregulation reduced proliferation and migration of CC cells in vitro as well as growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses showed that the TCF-3-related genes and genes showed differential expression between CC and normal tissues were mainly enriched in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. TCF3 bound to sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) promoter for transcriptional activation, and SIRT1 promoted deacetylation and nuclear translocation of β-catenin in CC. SIRT1 overexpression blocked the role of TCF3 silencing and restored cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. Treatment with XAV-939, a β-catenin inhibitor, significantly suppressed the cell proliferation and tumor growth induced by SIRT1 overexpression. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that TCF3 augments progression of CC by activating SIRT1-mediated β-catenin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoshuo Li
- Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua Bai
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Fuxiang Tang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, P.R. China
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Lyu X, Ding X, Ye H, Guo R, Wu M, Cao L. KLF14 targets ITGB1 to inhibit the progression of cervical cancer via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:30. [PMID: 35570248 PMCID: PMC9108130 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00494-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to determine whether Krüppel-like factor 14 (KLF14) inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells through integrin β1 (ITGB1). Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the expression of KLF14. The effect of KLF14 on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells was verified by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays, colony formation assays and in vivo experiments. The effect of KLF14 on cervical cancer cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The targeting relationship between KLF14 and ITGB1 was evaluated by Western blotting and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, Flow cytometry was performed to verify the relationship between KLF14 and ITGB1 on the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Additionally, Western blot analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between KLF14 and ITGB1 on the expression of downstream related molecules. As a result, the expression of KLF14 in cervical cancer tissues was lower than that in paracancerous tissues. KLF14 inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. Mechanistically, ITGB1 expression was significantly downregulated in KLF14-overexpressing cervical cancer cells. At the same time, we found that the effects of KLF14 and ITGB1 on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells could be mutually affected. KLF14 directly targeted ITGB1 to regulate its downstream PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. In summary, KLF14 inhibits the progression of cervical cancer by targeting ITGB1 via the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Lyu
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Xuchao Ding
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Hui Ye
- Oncology Department, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Rong Guo
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Minhang Wu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
| | - Lili Cao
- Oncology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014 China
- Oncology Department, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250014 China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Jinan, 250014 China
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Peng T, Lin S, Meng Y, Gao P, Wu P, Zhi W, Ding W, Cao C, Wu P. LOXL2 small molecule inhibitor restrains malignant transformation of cervical cancer cells by repressing LOXL2-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cell Cycle 2022; 21:1827-1841. [PMID: 35509127 PMCID: PMC9359382 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2022.2073047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase-like 2 (LOXL2) is a member of the lysine oxidase (LOX) family. Although its overexpression is known to play pivotal roles in carcinogenesis, its involvement in cervical cancer remains undefined. Here, we comprehensively explored the expression level and functional mechanism of LOXL2 in cervical cancer using bioinformatics and experimental methods. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that LOXL2 was significantly upregulated in cervical cancer compared to normal tissues. Enrichment analysis showed that most positively or negatively correlated genes of LOXL2 were correlated with extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Further experiments confirmed that overexpression of LOXL2 greatly enhanced the malignant transformation abilities (e.g., proliferation, invasion, and migration) of cervical cancer cells via mediation of EMT. Furthermore, the small molecule inhibitor of LOXL2 ((2-Chloropyridin-4-yl) methanamine hydrochloride) significantly decreased the invasive ability of cervical cancer by reversing the process of LOXL2-induced EMT. In summary, LOXL2 may be a promising diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for cervical cancer, and its small molecule inhibitor may be an effective anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Peng
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Shitong Lin
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yifan Meng
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Gao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhua Zhi
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wencheng Ding
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Canhui Cao
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Peng Wu
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Läsche M, Gallwas J, Gründker C. Like Brothers in Arms: How Hormonal Stimuli and Changes in the Metabolism Signaling Cooperate, Leading HPV Infection to Drive the Onset of Cervical Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095050. [PMID: 35563441 PMCID: PMC9103757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite all precautionary actions and the possibility of using vaccinations to counteract infections caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs), HPV-related cancers still account for approximately 5% of all carcinomas. Worldwide, many women are still excluded from adequate health care due to their social position and origin. Therefore, immense efforts in research and therapy are still required to counteract the challenges that this disease entails. The special thing about an HPV infection is that it is not only able to trick the immune system in a sophisticated way, but also, through genetic integration into the host genome, to use all the resources available to the host cells to complete the replication cycle of the virus without activating the alarm mechanisms of immune recognition and elimination. The mechanisms utilized by the virus are the metabolic, immune, and hormonal signaling pathways that it manipulates. Since the virus is dependent on replication enzymes of the host cells, it also intervenes in the cell cycle of the differentiating keratinocytes and shifts their terminal differentiation to the uppermost layers of the squamocolumnar transformation zone (TZ) of the cervix. The individual signaling pathways are closely related and equally important not only for the successful replication of the virus but also for the onset of cervical cancer. We will therefore analyze the effects of HPV infection on metabolic signaling, as well as changes in hormonal and immune signaling in the tumor and its microenvironment to understand how each level of signaling interacts to promote tumorigenesis of cervical cancer.
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Morale MG, Tamura RE, Cintra R, Araújo NM, Villa LL. TLR4 and SARM1 modulate survival and chemoresistance in an HPV-positive cervical cancer cell line. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6714. [PMID: 35468924 PMCID: PMC9039070 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Papillomavirus is responsible for a wide range of mucosal lesions and tumors. The immune system participate in tumorigenesis in different ways. For example, signaling pathways triggered by Toll-like receptors (TLR) play a role in chemotherapy resistance in several tumor types and are candidates for contributing to the development of HPV-induced tumors. Here, we studied the receptor TLR4 and the adaptor molecule SARM1 in HeLa cells, an HPV-positive cervical cancer cell line. Knocking out of these genes individually proved to be important for maintaining cell viability and proliferation. TLR4 knock out cells were more sensitive to cisplatin treatment, which was illustrated by an increased frequency of apoptotic cells. Furthermore, TLR4 and SARM1 modulated ROS production, which was induced by cell death in response to cisplatin. In conclusion, TLR4 and SARM1 are important for therapy resistance and cervical cancer cell viability and may be relevant clinical targets.
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Nestić D, Božinović K, Drašković I, Kovačević A, van den Bosch J, Knežević J, Custers J, Ambriović-Ristov A, Majhen D. Human Adenovirus Type 26 Induced IL-6 Gene Expression in an αvβ3 Integrin- and NF-κB-Dependent Manner. Viruses 2022; 14:v14040672. [PMID: 35458402 PMCID: PMC9028149 DOI: 10.3390/v14040672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The low seroprevalent human adenovirus type 26 (HAdV26)-based vaccine vector was the first adenovirus-based vector to receive marketing authorization from European Commission. HAdV26-based vaccine vectors induce durable humoral and cellular immune responses and, as such, represent a highly valuable tool for fighting infectious diseases. Despite well-described immunogenicity in vivo, the basic biology of HAdV26 still needs some refinement. The aim of this study was to determine the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile of epithelial cells infected with HAdV26 and then investigate the underlying molecular mechanism. The expression of studied genes and proteins was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Confocal microscopy was used to visualize HAdV26 cell uptake. We found that HAdV26 infection in human epithelial cells triggers the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, namely IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α, with the most pronounced difference shown for IL-6. We investigated the underlying molecular mechanism and observed that HAdV26-induced IL-6 gene expression is αvβ3 integrin dependent and NF-κB mediated. Our findings provide new data regarding pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression in HAdV26-infected epithelial cells, as well as details concerning HAdV26-induced host signaling pathways. Information obtained within this research increases our current knowledge of HAdV26 basic biology and, as such, can contribute to further development of HAdV26-based vaccine vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davor Nestić
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Ksenija Božinović
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Isabela Drašković
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Alen Kovačević
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Jolien van den Bosch
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Jelena Knežević
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Faculty for Dental Medicine and Health, University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Jerome Custers
- Janssen Vaccines and Preventions BV, 2333 CA Leiden, The Netherlands;
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signalling, Division of Molecular Biology, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.N.); (K.B.); (I.D.); (A.K.); (J.v.d.B.); (A.A.-R.)
- Correspondence:
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Wang Y, Çil Ç, Harnett MM, Pineda MA. Cytohesin-2/ARNO: A Novel Bridge Between Cell Migration and Immunoregulation in Synovial Fibroblasts. Front Immunol 2022; 12:809896. [PMID: 35095899 PMCID: PMC8790574 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.809896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The guanine nucleotide exchange factor cytohesin-2 (ARNO) is a major activator of the small GTPase ARF6 that has been shown to play an important role(s) in cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeleton reorganization in various cell types and models of disease. Interestingly, dysregulated cell migration, in tandem with hyper-inflammatory responses, is one of the hallmarks associated with activated synovial fibroblasts (SFs) during chronic inflammatory joint diseases, like rheumatoid arthritis. The role of ARNO in this process has previously been unexplored but we hypothesized that the pro-inflammatory milieu of inflamed joints locally induces activation of ARNO-mediated pathways in SFs, promoting an invasive cell phenotype that ultimately leads to bone and cartilage damage. Thus, we used small interference RNA to investigate the impact of ARNO on the pathological migration and inflammatory responses of murine SFs, revealing a fully functional ARNO-ARF6 pathway which can be rapidly activated by IL-1β. Such signalling promotes cell migration and formation of focal adhesions. Unexpectedly, ARNO was also shown to modulate SF-inflammatory responses, dictating their precise cytokine and chemokine expression profile. Our results uncover a novel role for ARNO in SF-dependent inflammation, that potentially links pathogenic migration with initiation of local joint inflammation, offering new approaches for targeting the fibroblast compartment in chronic arthritis and joint disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Wang
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Çağlar Çil
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Margaret M Harnett
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Miguel A Pineda
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Research Into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
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PIK3CA Gene Mutations in HNSCC: Systematic Review and Correlations with HPV Status and Patient Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051286. [PMID: 35267596 PMCID: PMC8909011 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PIK3CA mutations are believed to contribute to the pathogenesis of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). This study aims to establish the frequency of PIK3CA mutations in a Portuguese HNSCC cohort and to determine their association with the HPV status and patient survival. A meta-analysis of scientific literature also revealed widely different mutation rates in cohorts from different world regions and a trend towards improved prognosis among patients with PIK3CA mutations. DNA samples were available from 95 patients diagnosed with HNSCC at the Portuguese Institute of Oncology in Lisbon between 2010 and 2019. HPV status was established based on viral DNA detected using real-time PCR. The evaluation of PIK3CA gene mutations was performed by real-time PCR for four mutations (H1047L; E542K, E545K, and E545D). Thirty-seven cases were found to harbour PIK3CA mutations (39%), with the E545D mutation (73%) more frequently detected. There were no significant associations between the mutational status and HPV status (74% WT and 68% MUT were HPV (+); p = 0.489) or overall survival (OS) (3-year OS: WT 54% and MUT 65%; p = 0.090). HPV status was the only factor significantly associated with both OS and disease-free survival (DFS), with HPV (+) patients having consistently better outcomes (3-year OS: HPV (+) 65% and HPV (-) 36%; p = 0.007; DFS HPV (+) 83% and HPV (-) 43%; p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant interaction effect between HPV status and PIK3CA mutation regarding DFS (Interaction test: p = 0.026). In HPV (+) patients, PIK3CA wild-type is associated with a significant 4.64 times increase in the hazard of recurrence or death (HR = 4.64; 95% CI 1.02-20.99; p = 0.047). Overall, PIK3CA gene mutations are present in a large number of patients and may help define patient subsets who can benefit from therapies targeting the PI3K pathway. The systematic assessment of PIK3CA gene mutations in HNSCC patients will require further methodological standardisation.
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Phytochemical Profiling and Assessment of Anticancer Activity of Leptocarpha rivularis Extracts Obtained from In Vitro Cultures. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11040546. [PMID: 35214880 PMCID: PMC8878025 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Plant cell culture is a source of plant material from which bioactive metabolites can be extracted. In this work, the in vitro propagation of Leptocarpha rivularis, an endemic Chilean shrub with anticancer activity, is described. Different media were tested and optimized for the introduction, propagation, and rooting steps of the micropropagation process. At the end of this process, 83% of plants were successfully acclimatized under greenhouse conditions. Callus induction from the internodal stem segment was performed using various combinations of phytohormones. Green-colored, friable, and non-organogenic callus was generated with a callus induction index higher than 90%. The chemical composition of extracts and callus, obtained from clonal plants, was assessed and the results indicate that the phytochemical profiles of extracts from micropropagated plants are like those found for plants collected from natural habitats, leptocarpine (LTC) being the major component. However, no LTC was detected in callus extract. HeLa and CoN cells, treated with LTC or extract of micropropagated plants, exhibit important diminution on cell viability and a drastic decrease in gene expression of IL-6 and mmp2, genes associated with carcinogenic activity. These effects are more important in cancer cells than in normal cells. Thus, micropropagated L. rivularis could be developed as a potential source of efficient antiproliferative agents.
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Haręża DA, Wilczyński JR, Paradowska E. Human Papillomaviruses as Infectious Agents in Gynecological Cancers―Oncogenic Properties of Viral Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031818. [PMID: 35163748 PMCID: PMC8836588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs), which belong to the Papillomaviridae family, constitute a group of small nonenveloped double-stranded DNA viruses. HPV has a small genome that only encodes a few proteins, and it is also responsible for 5% of all human cancers, including cervical, vaginal, vulvar, penile, anal, and oropharyngeal cancers. HPV types may be classified as high- and low-risk genotypes (HR-HPVs and LR-HPVs, respectively) according to their oncogenic potential. HR-HPV 16 and 18 are the most common types worldwide and are the primary types that are responsible for most HPV-related cancers. The activity of the viral E6 and E7 oncoproteins, which interfere with critical cell cycle points such as suppressive tumor protein p53 (p53) and retinoblastoma protein (pRB), is the major contributor to HPV-induced neoplastic initiation and progression of carcinogenesis. In addition, the E5 protein might also play a significant role in tumorigenesis. The role of HPV in the pathogenesis of gynecological cancers is still not fully understood, which indicates a wide spectrum of potential research areas. This review focuses on HPV biology, the distribution of HPVs in gynecological cancers, the properties of viral oncoproteins, and the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria A. Haręża
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
- BioMedChem Doctoral School of the University of Lodz and Lodz Institutes of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek R. Wilczyński
- Department of Surgical and Oncological Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Edyta Paradowska
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Medical Biology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 93-232 Lodz, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-272-3629; Fax: +48-42-272-3630
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Martincuks A, Song J, Kohut A, Zhang C, Li YJ, Zhao Q, Mak E, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, Yu H, Cristea M. PARP Inhibition Activates STAT3 in Both Tumor and Immune Cells Underlying Therapy Resistance and Immunosuppression In Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:724104. [PMID: 34956861 PMCID: PMC8693573 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.724104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the promising activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) in many cancer types with defects in the DNA damage response the majority of the treated patients acquire PARPi resistance and succumb to their diseases. Consequently, there is an urgent need to identify the mechanisms of PARPi resistance. Here, we show that PARPi treatment promotes STAT3 activation in ovarian cancer cells, tumor-associated immune cells and fibroblasts, resulting in PARPi resistance and immunosuppression. Comparison of ovarian cancer patient-matched tumor biopsies before and after PARPi therapy revealed that STAT3 activity was significantly higher in tumor cells and tumor-associated immune cells and fibroblasts post PARPi treatment. Moreover, one-time PARPi treatment activated STAT3 both in tumor cells as well as diverse immune subsets and fibroblasts. PARPi-treated immune cells exhibited decreased expression of immunostimulatory interferon (IFN)-γ and Granzyme B while increasing immunosuppressive cytokine IL-10. Finally, we demonstrate that the acquisition of PARPi resistance in ovarian cancer cells was accompanied by increased STAT3 activity. Ablating STAT3 inhibited PARPi-resistant ovarian tumor cell growth and/or restored PARPi sensitivity. Therefore, our study has identified a critical mechanism intrinsic to PARPi that promotes resistance to PARPi and induces immunosuppression during PARPi treatment by activating STAT3 in tumor cells and tumor-associated immune cells/fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antons Martincuks
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Jieun Song
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Adrian Kohut
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Yi-Jia Li
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Edward Mak
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Hua Yu
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Mihaela Cristea
- Department of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research, City of Hope National Medical Center (COH), Duarte, CA, United States
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49
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Joo M, Heo J, Kim S, Kim N, Jeon H, An Y, Song GY, Kim JM, Lee H. Decursin inhibits tumor progression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by downregulating CXCR7 expression in vitro. Oncol Rep 2021; 47:39. [PMID: 34958113 PMCID: PMC8759107 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) is frequently overexpressed in cancer and plays a significant role in tumor growth and metastasis. Consequently, inhibition of CXCR7 is important for treatment strategies. However, little is known concerning the biological role of CXCR7 and its underlying mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The present study investigated the role of CXCR7 in HNSCC, as well as the effects of decursin, a pyranocoumarin compound isolated from Angelica gigas Nakai, on CXCR7 and its downstream signaling. Expression levels of CXCR7 in HNSCC cells were examined using flow cytometry, reverse transcriptase PCR, western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. The effects of CXCR7 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were studied using CCK-8, gap closure, and transwell assays. The results revealed that decursin significantly reduced CXCR7 expression and inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of human HNSCC cell lines. In addition, decursin induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in CXCR7-overexpressing cells and decreased the levels of cyclin A, cyclin E, and CDK2. Furthermore, CXCR7 promoted cancer progression via the STAT3/c-Myc pathway in HNSCC; suppression of CXCR7 with decursin prevented this effect. These results suggest that CXCR7 promotes cancer progression through the STAT3/c-Myc pathway and that the natural compound decursin targets CXCR7 and may be valuable in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Joo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Heo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Solbi Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayoung Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Jeon
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Yueun An
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu-Yong Song
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Lee
- Infection Control Convergence Research Center, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea
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50
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Wang Y, Wang H, Hu L, Chen L. Leptin Gene Protects Against Cold Stress in Antarctic Toothfish. Front Physiol 2021; 12:740806. [PMID: 34975517 PMCID: PMC8715755 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.740806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptin is a cytokine-like peptide, predominantly biosynthesized in adipose tissue, which plays an important role in regulating food intake, energy balance and reproduction in mammals. However, how it may have been modified to enable life in the chronic cold is unclear. Here, we identified a leptin-a gene (lepa) in the cold-adapted and neutrally buoyant Antarctic toothfish Dissostichus mawsoni that encodes a polypeptide carrying four α-helices and two cysteine residues forming in-chain disulfide bonds, structures shared by most vertebrate leptins. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that mRNA levels of the leptin-a gene of D. mawsoni (DM-lepa) were highest in muscle, followed by kidney and liver; detection levels were low in the gill, brain, intestine, and ovary tissues. Compared with leptin-a genes of fishes living in warmer waters, DM-lepa underwent rapid evolution and was subjected to positive selection. Over-expression of DM-lepa in the zebrafish cell line ZFL resulted in signal accumulation in the cytoplasm and significantly increased cell proliferation both at the normal culture temperature and under cold treatment. DM-lepa over-expression also reduced apoptosis under low-temperature stress and activated the STAT3 signaling pathway, in turn upregulating the anti-apoptotic proteins bcl2l1, bcl2a, myca and mdm2 while downregulating the pro-apoptotic baxa, p53 and caspase-3. These results demonstrate that DM-lepa, through STAT3 signaling, plays a protective role in cold stress by preventing apoptotic damage. Our study reveals a new role of lepa in polar fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huamin Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangbiao Chen
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Liangbiao Chen,
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