1
|
Seredin P, Litvinova T, Ippolitov Y, Goloshchapov D, Peshkov Y, Kashkarov V, Ippolitov I, Chae B. A Study of the Association between Primary Oral Pathologies (Dental Caries and Periodontal Diseases) Using Synchrotron Molecular FTIR Spectroscopy in View of the Patient's Personalized Clinical Picture (Demographics and Anamnesis). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6395. [PMID: 38928102 PMCID: PMC11204202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this exploratory study, we searched for associations between the two most common diseases of the oral cavity-dental caries and periodontal diseases-taking into account additional factors, such as personalized clinical pictures (the individual risk factors of the patient), based on the method of a multivariate data analysis of the molecular changes in the composition of human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). For this purpose, a set of synchrotron Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of gingival crevicular fluid samples from patients with different demographics, levels of dental caries development and periodontal diseases, and the presence/absence of concomitant chronic diseases were obtained and analyzed. Using a set of techniques (v-, F-, Chi-square tests; a principal component analysis (PCA); and the hierarchical clustering of principal components (HCPCs)) implemented in the R package FactoMineR allowed us to assess the relationship between the principal components (PCs) and characteristics of the respondents. By identifying the features (vibrational modes in the FTIR spectra) that contribute most to the differentiation of the spectral dataset, and by taking into account the interrelationships between the patients' characteristics, we were able to match specific biological markers (specific molecular groups) to the two factors of interest-two types of oral pathologies. The results obtained show that the observed changes in the quantitative and qualitative composition of the modes in the infrared (IR) spectra of the GCF samples from patients with different dental caries developments and periodontal diseases present confirm the difficulty of identifying patient-specific spectral information. At the same time, different periodontal pathologies are more closely associated with other characteristics of the patients than the level of their caries development. The multivariate analysis performed on the spectral dataset indicates the need to take into account not only the co-occurrence of oral diseases, but also some other factors. The lack of this consideration (typical in lots of studies in this area) may lead to misinterpretations and consequently to a loss of data when searching for biological markers of certain oral diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Seredin
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (T.L.)
| | - Tatiana Litvinova
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (T.L.)
- Psycholinguistic Textual Modelling Lab, Voronezh State Pedagogical University, 394043 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Yuri Ippolitov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (T.L.)
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Orthodontia, Voronezh State Medical University, 394006 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Dmitry Goloshchapov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (T.L.)
| | - Yaroslav Peshkov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (T.L.)
| | - Vladimir Kashkarov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (T.L.)
| | - Ivan Ippolitov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Orthodontia, Voronezh State Medical University, 394006 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Boknam Chae
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Beamline Research Division, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Frederiksen EH, Ramirez MVR, Moreno-Hay I, Miller CS, Carlson CR. Whole unstimulated salivary flow rate decreases during acute stressful condition. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:594-603. [PMID: 38521649 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of acute stress on salivary flow using a validated stressor paradigm. STUDY DESIGN This uniform crossover study consisted of 40 healthy adults who underwent the Trier Social Stress Test, consisting of a 5-minute mental arithmetic task (MAT), and a nonstressful task (NST), consisting of a 5-minute free speech task. The order of the tasks was counterbalanced and unstimulated whole saliva (UWS) was measured in 2 groups of 20 participants during each 5-minute task condition, with a 10-minute washout period between tasks. At baseline, mathematical ability was self-reported and psychological distress was measured using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Heart rate (HR) and breathing rate (BR) were recorded during each task. RESULTS Age, sex, HR, BR, and psychological distress were similar between groups at baseline (P > .05). During the MAT, HR increased significantly and mean UWS flow rate decreased significantly compared with the NST (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS An acute psychobiological stressor task was associated with a rapid decrease in salivary flow in adults. Thus, stress can contribute to reduced salivary flow and should be considered as a factor during the diagnostic workup of patients who complain of a dry mouth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabel Moreno-Hay
- Orofacial Pain Center, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Craig S Miller
- Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.
| | - Charles R Carlson
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts & Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Degli Esposti L, Ionescu AC, Gandolfi S, Ilie N, Adamiano A, Brambilla E, Iafisco M. Natural, biphasic calcium phosphate from fish bones for enamel remineralization and dentin tubules occlusion. Dent Mater 2024; 40:593-607. [PMID: 38365457 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A calcium phosphate extracted from fish bones (CaP-N) was evaluated for enamel remineralization and dentinal tubules occlusion. METHODS CaP-N was characterized by assessing morphology by SEM, crystallinity by PXRD, and composition by ICP-OES. CaP-N morphology, crystallinity, ion release, and pH changes over time in neutral and acidic solutions were studied. CaP-N was then tested to assess remineralization and dentinal tubules occlusion on demineralized human enamel and dentin specimens (n = 6). Synthetic calcium phosphate in form of stoichiometric hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (CaP-S) and tap water were positive and negative controls, respectively. After treatment (brush every 12 h for 5d and storage in Dulbecco's modified PBS), specimens' morphology and surface composition were assessed (by SEM-EDS), while the viscoelastic behavior was evaluated with microindentation and DMA. RESULTS CaP-N consisted of rounded microparticles (200 nm - 1 µm) composed of 33 wt% hydroxyapatite and 67 wt% β-tricalcium phosphate. In acidic solution, CaP-N released calcium and phosphate ions thanks to the preferential β-tricalcium phosphate phase dissolution. Enamel remineralization was induced by CaP-N comparably to CaP-S, while CaP-N exhibited a superior dentinal tubule occlusion than CaP-S, forming mineral plugs and depositing new nanoparticles onto demineralized collagen. This behavior was attributed to its bigger particle size and increased solubility. DMA depth profiling and SEM showed an excellent interaction between the newly formed mineralized structures and the pristine tissue, particularly at the exposed collagen fibrils. SIGNIFICANCE CaP-N demonstrated very good remineralizing and occlusive activity in vitro, comparable to CaP-S, thus could be a promising circular economy alternative therapeutic agent for dentistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Degli Esposti
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Andrei C Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Milan 20100, Italy
| | - Sara Gandolfi
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Nicoleta Ilie
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Alessio Adamiano
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science, Technology and Sustainability for Ceramics (ISSMC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaur M, Shahid S, Karpukhina N, Anderson P, Wong FSL. Characterization of chemical reactions of silver diammine fluoride and hydroxyapatite under remineralization conditions. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1332298. [PMID: 38496333 PMCID: PMC10940413 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1332298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Silver Diammine Fluoride (SDF) is a clinically used topical agent to arrest dental caries. However, the kinetics of its chemical interactions with hydroxyapatite (HA), the principal inorganic component of dental enamel, are not known. The aim was to characterize the step-wise chemical interactions between SDF and HA powder during the clinically important process of remineralization. Methods Two grams of HA powder were immersed in 10 ml acetic acid pH = 4.0 for 2 h to mimic carious demineralization. The powder was then washed and dried for 24 h and mixed with 1.5 ml SDF (Riva Star) for 1 min. The treated powder was then air-dried for 3 min, and 0.2 g was removed and stored in individual tubes each containing 10 ml remineralizing solution. Powder was taken from each tube at various times of exposure to remineralization solution (0 min, 10 min, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 10 days), and characterized using Magic Angle Spinning-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (MAS-NMR) spectroscopy. Results and discussion 19F MAS-NMR spectra showed that calcium fluoride (CaF2) started to form almost immediately after HA was in contact with SDF. After 24 h, the peak shifted to -104.5 ppm suggesting that fluoride substituted hydroxyapatite (FSHA) was formed with time at the expense of CaF2. The 31P MAS-NMR spectra showed a single peak at 2.7 ppm at all time points showing that the only phosphate species present was crystalline apatite. The 35Cl MAS-NMR spectra showed formation of silver chloride (AgCl) at 24 h. It was observed that after the scan, the whitish HA powder changed to black color. In conclusion, this time sequence study showed that under remineralization conditions, SDF initially reacted with HA to form CaF2 which is then transformed to FSHA over time. In the presence of chloride, AgCl is formed which is subsequently photo-reduced to black metallic silver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - F. S. L. Wong
- Dental Physical Sciences Unit, Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Seredin P, Goloshchapov D, Kashkarov V, Lukin A, Peshkov Y, Ippolitov I, Ippolitov Y, Litvinova T, Vongsvivut J, Chae B, Freitas RO. Changes in Dental Biofilm Proteins' Secondary Structure in Groups of People with Different Cariogenic Situations in the Oral Cavity and Using Medications by Means of Synchrotron FTIR-Microspectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15324. [PMID: 37895003 PMCID: PMC10607285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This work unveils the idea that the cariogenic status of the oral cavity (the presence of active caries lesions) can be predicted via a lineshape analysis of the infrared spectral signatures of the secondary structure of proteins in dental biofilms. These spectral signatures that work as natural markers also show strong sensitivity to the application in patients of a so-called modulator-a medicinal agent (a pelleted mineral complex with calcium glycerophosphate). For the first time, according to our knowledge, in terms of deconvolution of the complete spectral profile of the amide I and amide II bands, significant intra- and intergroup differences were determined in the secondary structure of proteins in the dental biofilm of patients with a healthy oral cavity and with a carious pathology. This allowed to conduct a mathematical assessment of the spectral shifts in proteins' secondary structure in connection with the cariogenic situation in the oral cavity and with an external modulation. It was shown that only for the component parallel β-strands in the amide profile of the biofilm, a statistically significant (p < 0.05) change in its percentage weight (composition) was registered in a cariogenic situation (presence of active caries lesions). Note that no significant differences were detected in a normal situation (control) and in the presence of a carious pathology before and after the application of the modulator. The change in the frequency and percentage weight of parallel β-strands in the spectra of dental biofilms proved to be the result of the presence of cariogenic mutans streptococci in the film as well as of the products of their metabolism-glucan polymers. We foresee that the results presented here can inherently provide the basis for the infrared spectral diagnosis of changes (shifts) in the oral microbiome driven by the development of the carious process in the oral cavity as well as for the choice of optimal therapeutic treatments of caries based on microbiome-directed prevention measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Seredin
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Dmitry Goloshchapov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Vladimir Kashkarov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Anatoly Lukin
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Yaroslav Peshkov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Ivan Ippolitov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Orthodontia, Voronezh State Medical University, 394006 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Yuri Ippolitov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Orthodontia, Voronezh State Medical University, 394006 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Tatiana Litvinova
- Computational Semasiology Laboratory, Voronezh State Pedagogical University, 394043 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Jitraporn Vongsvivut
- Australian Synchrotron (Synchrotron Light Source Australia Pty LTD), Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Boknam Chae
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Beamline Research Division, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Raul O. Freitas
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Masarykova N, Tkadlec E, Chlup Z, Vrbsky J, Brysova A, Cernochova P, Izakovicova Holla L. Comparison of microleakage under orthodontic brackets bonded with five different adhesive systems: in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:637. [PMID: 37670283 PMCID: PMC10478400 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03368-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment is associated with numerous adverse side effects, such as enamel discoloration, demineralization or even caries. The presence of microleakage between the enamel and the adhesive and between the adhesive and the base of the orthodontic bracket allows penetration of the bacteria, molecules, and liquids into the enamel and can lead to unpleasant "white spot lesions" or secondary caries beneath and around the brackets. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage in five adhesive systems commonly used in orthodontic practice for bonding brackets. METHODS One hundred extracted premolars were divided into five groups of twenty teeth. Stainless steel Legend medium metal brackets were bonded to teeth using five adhesive systems: resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement GC Fuji Ortho LC (GCF) and composite materials Light Bond (LB), Transbond XT (TB), Trulock™ Light Activated Adhesive (TL), and GC Ortho Connect (GCO). The specimens were subjected to thermal cycling, stained with 2% methylene blue, sectioned with low-speed diamond saw Isomet and evaluated under a digital microscope. Microleakage was detected at the enamel-adhesive and adhesive-bracket interfaces from occlusal and gingival margins. Statistical analysis was performed using generalized linear mixed models with beta error distribution. RESULTS Microleakage was observed in all materials, with GCF showing the highest amount of microleakage. Composite materials GCO, TB, and LB exhibited the lowest amount of microleakage with no statistical difference between them, while TL showed a statistically significantly higher amount of microleakage (p < 0.001). The enamel-adhesive interface had more microleakage in all composite materials (GCO, LB, TB, and TL) than the adhesive bracket-interface (p < 0.001). The highest amount of microleakage occurred in the gingival region in all materials. CONCLUSION Composite materials showed better adhesive properties than a resin-reinforced glass ionomer cement. The presence of microleakage at the enamel-adhesive interface facilitates the penetration of various substances into enamel surfaces, causing enamel demineralization and the development of dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nela Masarykova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekařská 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Emil Tkadlec
- Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1192/12, Olomouc, 779 00, Czech Republic
| | - Zdenek Chlup
- Institute of Physics of Materials of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Žižkova 513/22, Brno, 616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Vrbsky
- International Clinical Research Center (ICRC), St. Anne's University Hospital, Pekařská 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Brysova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekařská 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Cernochova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekařská 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic.
| | - Lydie Izakovicova Holla
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Pekařská 53, Brno, 656 91, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Nicholson JW, Sidhu SK, Czarnecka B. Fluoride exchange by glass-ionomer dental cements and its clinical effects: a review. Biomater Investig Dent 2023; 10:2244982. [PMID: 37615013 PMCID: PMC10444020 DOI: 10.1080/26415275.2023.2244982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The topic of fluoride release and uptake by glass-ionomer (glass polyalkenoate) dental cements is reviewed. The study was based on a literature search carried out using PubMed. The main key words used were glass-ionomer and fluoride, and further refinements were made by adding the keywords anti-microbial, anti-caries and remineralization. Papers were selected from the initial search, which concentrated on fundamental aspects of fluoride release, including kinetics and the influence of the cement composition, and resulting clinical performance against caries. Other relevant papers were cited where they added useful and relevant data. From these published papers, it was possible to explain the detailed mechanism of fluoride release by glass-ionomer cements and also its uptake. Fluoride release has been shown to be a two-step process. In neutral solutions, the steps can be divided into early wash-out and long-term diffusion. In acid conditions, the early wash-out remains, though with greater amounts of fluoride released, and the long-term release becomes one of slow dissolution. The effect of fluoride on the viability of oral micro-organisms has been described, and glass-ionomers have been shown to release sufficient fluoride to reduce the size and viability of adjacent populations of oral bacteria. The effect of low levels of fluoride on the remineralization of tooth tissue has been considered. Levels needed to increase remineralization are much lower than those needed to adversely affect oral bacteria, from which we conclude that glass-ionomers release sufficient fluoride to promote remineralization. Despite this, there remains uncertainty about their overall contribution to sound oral health, given the widespread use of other sources of fluoride, such as toothpastes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John W. Nicholson
- Dental Materials Unit, Bart’s and the London Institute of Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Bluefield Centre for Biomaterials, London, UK
| | - Sharanbir K. Sidhu
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Institute of Dentistry, Bart’s & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Beata Czarnecka
- Department of Biomaterials and Experimental Dentistry, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Albelasy EH, Chen R, Fok A, Montasser M, Hamama HH, Mahmoud SH, Abdelrehim T, Chew HP. Inhibition of Caries around Restoration by Ion-Releasing Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Optical Coherence Tomography and Micro-Computed Tomography Evaluation. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:5558. [PMID: 37629848 PMCID: PMC10456765 DOI: 10.3390/ma16165558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was firstly to assess the demineralization inhibitory effect of ion-releasing restorations in enamel adjacent to restoration using a biofilm caries model and secondly to compare the effect to that in a chemical caries model. Fifty-six bovine incisors were filled with either Surefil one (SuO), Cention N (CN) (both ion-releasing materials), Ketac-Molar (GIC) or Powerfill resin composite (RC). The restored teeth were then randomly divided into 2 groups according to the used caries model (biofilm or chemical caries model). The micro-computed tomography (MicroCt) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) outcome measures used to evaluate demineralization inhibition effects were lesion depth, LD and increase in OCT integrated reflectivity, ΔIR, at five different depths. It was observed that all outcome measures of CN were statistically the same as those of GIC and conversely with those of RC. This was also the case for SuO except for LD, which was statistically the same as RC. When comparing the two caries models, LD of the biofilm model was statistically deeper (p < 0.05) than the chemical model for all four materials. In conclusion, CN and SuO have similar demineralization inhibitory effects as GIC, and the biofilm caries model is more discriminatory in differentiating demineralization inhibitory effects of ion-releasing restorative material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman H. Albelasy
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Ruoqiong Chen
- Department of Diagnostics and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Alex Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Marmar Montasser
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
| | - Hamdi H. Hamama
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
- Faculty of Dentistry, New-Mansoura University, New-Mansoura 35712, Egypt
| | - Salah H. Mahmoud
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Algomhoria Street, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; (E.H.A.); (M.M.); (H.H.H.); (S.H.M.)
- Conservative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Horus University, New-Dumyat 34517, Egypt
| | - Tamer Abdelrehim
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| | - Hooi Pin Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (A.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ravi Kiran KR, Sabrish S, Mathew S, Shivamurthy PG, Sagarkar R. Effectiveness of amine fluoride mouthwash in preventing white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic therapy - A randomized control trial. Indian J Dent Res 2023; 34:261-265. [PMID: 38197343 DOI: 10.4103/ijdr.ijdr_984_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim One of the main reasons that patients seek orthodontic treatment is aesthetics. Unfortunately, treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances can at times increase the chances of developing white spot lesions on the surfaces of teeth, thus creating a new aesthetic issue for the patient. The prevalence of white spot lesions (WSL) reported after treatment varies from 2% to 97%, and these lesions can occur despite increased attention to hygiene. Hence the aim of this study was to assess the effect of Amine fluoride mouthwash in preventing white spot lesions during fixed orthodontic therapy. Materials and Methods Study participants were randomly divided into two groups (Group A - experimental 25 patients and Group B - control 25 patients). The pre-intervention and post-intervention intra-oral digital photographs were analysed by using ImageJ software to assess the percentage of the facial surface affected on the teeth (10 maxillary teeth), which had white spot lesions. Results The mean value of WSLs showed significant difference between the experimental and control groups. Mean values of WSL in the experimental group decreased from 2 to 1.54 with a mean difference of 0.46 after 6 months of follow-up which indicated that amine fluoride mouthwash was effective in preventing WSLs during fixed orthodontic treatment. Conclusion WSLs scores were significantly reduced in patients who received the mouthwash when compared to patients who followed standard oral hygiene regimen with fluoridated toothpaste only. In clinical practice, amine fluoride mouthwash is an effective method for the prevention of WSLs during fixed orthodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K R Ravi Kiran
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharanya Sabrish
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Silju Mathew
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Prashantha G Shivamurthy
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Roshan Sagarkar
- Department of Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yeung CYY, Chu CH, Yu OY. A concise review of chewing gum as an anti-cariogenic agent. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1213523. [PMID: 37383517 PMCID: PMC10299855 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1213523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chewing gum has been endorsed as a caries preventive agent by the FDI World Dental Federation, the American Dental Association, and the European Food Safety Authority. This review discusses the mechanism and provides an update of the use of chewing gum for caries prevention. Chewing gum typically consists of a water-insoluble gum base, water-soluble added ingredients, and active ingredients. It can be classified as sugar-containing or sugar-free, as well as nonmedicated or medicated. Chewing gum prevents dental caries through a range of mechanisms, including the clearance of the oral cavity, neutralization of oral acidity, inhibition of cariogenic bacterial growth, remineralization of enamel, and reduction of appetite. Recent clinical studies have evaluated the efficacy of sugar-free chewing gum for caries prevention, with most demonstrating positive results, although some studies have reported contradictory outcomes. To achieve optimal caries prevention, it is generally recommended that individuals chew sugar-free gum for five minutes after meals, three times daily.
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu Z, Sun T, Chen Y, Mo X, Kao H, Chen HJ. Integrated Multiplex Sensing Clear Aligner for In Situ Monitoring of Dental Enamel Demineralization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37115517 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Clear aligners have become one of the most important tools in orthodontic treatment. However, over a lengthy period of orthodontic treatment, enamel demineralization or even dental caries could be susceptible for occurrence. Therefore, early diagnosis of enamel demineralization has been widely investigated. Nevertheless, for reasons including bulky monitoring equipment and complexity of operation, few techniques reported to date possessed clinical utility. The combination of flexible electronics and electrochemical sensing technology presented a promising strategy. Herein, an integrated multiplex sensing clear aligner (IMSCA) system, including a clear aligner with a multiplex sensor array patch, was developed for in situ monitoring of Ca2+, pH, and PO43- in the oral environment to provide a foundation for early diagnosis of enamel demineralization. The IMSCA exhibited a broad linear response range, great selectivity, temporal stability, reproducibility, and biological safety. Results of enamel demineralization simulating experiments and human permanent tooth demineralization experiments validate the capability of the IMSCA to indicate the occurrence of enamel demineralization. All results ultimately point to the promising clinical utility of the IMSCA, which facilitates the quantitative characterization of enamel demineralization in complex oral environments. This study provides a novel strategy in the early diagnosis of enamel demineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqi Liu
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tiancheng Sun
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiyin Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Center for Oral Research, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyi Mo
- Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hsiaohan Kao
- Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hui-Jiuan Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Technology, State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Seredin PV, Ippolitov YA, Goloshchapov DL, Kashkarov VM, Ippolitov IY, Solaiman MA. [Distinctions in molecular composition of the dental biofilm depending on the method of exo-/endogeneous caries prevention and cariogenic condition of a patient]. STOMATOLOGIIA 2023; 102:86-93. [PMID: 36800793 DOI: 10.17116/stomat202310201186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY For the first time distinctions of molecular composition of the dental biofilm at the stages of exo- and endogeneous caries prevention were studied for persons with different cariogenic conditions involving synchrotron molecular spectroscopy techniques. MATERIAL AND METHODS The samples of the dental biofilm collected from participants of the research were studied at the different stages of experiment. The studies of molecular composition of the biofilms were employed involving the equipment set in the Infrared Microspectroscopy (IRM) laboratory of Australian synchrotron. RESULTS Basing on the data obtained by synchrotron infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform as well as using the calculations of the ratios between organic and mineral components and also statistical analysis of the data we could estimate the changes proceeding in the molecular composition of dental biofilm in a dependence of homeostasis conditions in the oral cavity at the stages of exo- and endogeneous caries prevention. CONCLUSION Observed changes in the values of phosphate/protein/lipid, phosphate/mineral and phospholipid/lipid ratios as well as the presence of statistically significant intra- and intergroup in these coefficients mean that mechanisms of adsorption for the ions, compounds and molecular complexes incoming from the oral fluid into the dental biofilm at the stage of exo-/endogeneous caries prevention are different for the patients in normal condition and for those ones with the developing caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu A Ippolitov
- Voronezh State Medical University after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russia
| | | | | | - I Yu Ippolitov
- Voronezh State Medical University after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russia
| | - M A Solaiman
- Voronezh State Medical University after N.N. Burdenko, Voronezh, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Opolski MM, Maito VT, Kawassaki ACB, da Silva JC, Kern R, Rech D, de Oliveira ST, Lonardoni Micheletti P, Panis C, Grassiolli S. Salivary and plasmatic levels of
tumor necrosis factor‐alpha
do not correlate with the clinicopathological profile in breast cancer patients. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Marcos Opolski
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Vitor Teixeira Maito
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Aedra Carla Bufalo Kawassaki
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Janaína Carla da Silva
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Kern
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Stefania Tagliari de Oliveira
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Pâmela Lonardoni Micheletti
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Post‐Graduation Program of Health‐Applied Sciences. Laboratory of Tumor Biology Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná Francisco Beltrão Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Salah R, Afifi RR, Kehela HA, Aly NM, Rashwan M, Hill RG. EFFICACY OF NOVEL BIOACTIVE GLASS IN THE TREATMENT OF ENAMEL WHITE SPOT LESIONS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL✰. J Evid Based Dent Pract 2022; 22:101725. [PMID: 36494113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jebdp.2022.101725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to evaluate the efficacy of 2 types of bioactive glass (45S5) compared to casein-phosphopeptide stabilized-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) in the treatment of orthodontically-induced white spot lesions (WSLs). METHODS Sixty post-orthodontic WSLs (ICDAS II score 2) were randomly allocated to a double blind randomized controlled trial with 3 parallel arms (n = 20). Test group I (Bio-BAG) received BiominF slurry and toothpaste, and test group II (N-BAG) received Novamin slurry and toothpaste. While the positive control group (CPP-ACP) received Recaldent paste. Products were applied daily in-office during week 1, and boosted by self-administered home application for 4 weeks (week 1-4). Standard oral hygiene care was performed by all participants twice daily during months 2-6. All patients were assessed for change in WSL dimensions using computer assisted analysis based on standardized digital intraoral photographs in addition to laser fluorescence DIAGNOdent assessment before treatment (T0) and at 1 week (T1), 1 month (T2), 3 months (T3,) and 6 months (T4) follow up periods. RESULTS Kruskal Wallis test was used (P < .05 for all). At T4, a statistically significant (P < .001) regression of WSL was disclosed in all 3 groups compared to baseline, and a highly significant lesion size percent reduction in Bio-BAG group compared to the control group (P < .001). The mean area of the lesions decreased by 64.8%, 32.2%, and 31.6% for groups I, II and III respectively (P = .001). DIAGNOdent findings largely reflected the clinical scores (Mean scores at baseline/T4 for groups I, II, and III respectively; 16.57/3.62, 16.93/7.90, 21.95/19.27). No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS The combined in-office and home-application of BiominF paste for 4 weeks resulted in greater esthetic improvements of post-orthodontic WSLs compared to Novamin and CPP-ACP. In addition, BiominF showed a significant reduction in fluorescence intensity which indicates potential lesion remineralization. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Post-orthodontic WSLs can be diminished using bioactive glass remineralization therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rania Salah
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Rania R Afifi
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hany A Kehela
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Aly
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Maher Rashwan
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G Hill
- Centre for Oral Bioengineering, Barts and the London, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Damian LR, Dumitrescu R, Alexa VT, Focht D, Schwartz C, Balean O, Jumanca D, Obistioiu D, Lalescu D, Stefaniga SA, Berbecea A, Fratila AD, Scurtu AD, Galuscan A. Impact of Dentistry Materials on Chemical Remineralisation/Infiltration versus Salivary Remineralisation of Enamel-In Vitro Study. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7258. [PMID: 36295323 PMCID: PMC9612028 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate salivary remineralisation versus chemical remineralisation/infiltration of enamel, using different dentistry materials. The enamel changes were studied using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and the depth of lesions and demineralisation/remineralisation/infiltration percentage were calculated. Additionally, the macro elemental composition of the teeth was performed using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Two studies were performed: (i) demineralisation of enamel in 3% citric acid and infiltration treatment with infiltration resin (Icon, DMG), remineralisation with Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent) and artificial saliva pH 8; and (ii) enamel demineralisation in saliva at pH 3 and remineralisation at salivary pH 8. The results showed that, firstly, for the remineralisation of demineralised enamel samples, Fluor Protector (Ivoclar Vivadent) was very effective for medium demineralised lesions followed by saliva remineralisation. In cases of deep demineralisation lesions where fluoride could not penetrate, low viscosity resin (Icon, DMG, Hamburg) effectively infiltrated to stop the demineralisation process. Secondly, remineralisation in salivary conditions needed supplementary study over a longer period, to analyse the habits, diet and nutrition of patients in detail. Finally, demineralisation/remineralisation processes were found to influence the macro elemental composition of enamel demineralisation, with natural saliva proving to be less aggressive in terms of decreasing Ca and Mg content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lia-Raluca Damian
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ramona Dumitrescu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Vlad Tiberiu Alexa
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - David Focht
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristoph Schwartz
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Octavia Balean
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Jumanca
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Diana Obistioiu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dacian Lalescu
- Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300645 Timisoara, Romania
| | | | - Adina Berbecea
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Calea Aradului No. 119, 300641 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Aurora Doris Fratila
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Goethestr. 70, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Alexandra Denisa Scurtu
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Research Centre for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Atena Galuscan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department I, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Translational and Experimental Clinical Research Centre in Oral Health, Department of Preventive, Community Dentistry and Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Victor Babes”, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sekiya M. Proton Pumping ATPases: Rotational Catalysis, Physiological Roles in Oral Pathogenic Bacteria, and Inhibitors. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1404-1411. [PMID: 36184496 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Proton pumping ATPases, both F-type and V/A-type ATPases, generate ATP using electrochemical energy or pump protons/sodium ions by hydrolyzing ATP. The enzymatic reaction and proton transport are coupled through subunit rotation, and this unique rotational mechanism (rotational catalysis) has been intensively studied. Single-molecule and thermodynamic analyses have revealed the detailed rotational mechanism, including the catalytically inhibited state and the roles of subunit interactions. In mammals, F- and V-ATPases are involved in ATP synthesis and organelle acidification, respectively. Most bacteria, including anaerobes, have F- and/or A-ATPases in the inner membrane. However, these ATPases are not believed to be essential in anaerobic bacteria since anaerobes generate sufficient ATP without oxidative phosphorylation. Recent studies suggest that F- and A-ATPases perform indispensable functions beyond ATP synthesis in oral pathogenic anaerobes; F-ATPase is involved in acid tolerance in Streptococcus mutans, and A-ATPase mediates nutrient import in Porphyromonas gingivalis. Consistently, inhibitors of oral bacterial F- and A-ATPases, such as phytopolyphenols and bedaquiline, strongly diminish growth and survival. Herein, we discuss rotational catalysis of bacterial F- and A-ATPases, and discuss their physiological roles, focusing on oral bacteria. We also review the effects of ATPase inhibitors on the growth and survival of oral pathogenic bacteria. The features of the catalytic mechanism and unique physiological roles in oral bacteria highlight the potential for proton pumping ATPases to serve as targets for oral antimicrobial agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Sekiya
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Staszczyk M, Jamka-Kasprzyk M, Kościelniak D, Cienkosz-Stepańczak B, Krzyściak W, Jurczak A. Effect of a Short-Term Intervention with Lactobacillus salivarius Probiotic on Early Childhood Caries-An Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191912447. [PMID: 36231747 PMCID: PMC9566377 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ECC is a significant therapeutic and social problem and a global burden on public health. The aim of this clinical trial was to test whether a 2-week daily consumption of chewing tablets containing thermally inactivated L. salivarius reduces the 12-month caries increment compared to the control group. The investigation was a single-center, randomized, controlled open-label, blinded end-point evaluation trial in two parallel groups. At baseline, 140 generally healthy children between 3 and 6 years of age with or without ECC were randomly assigned to the probiotic test group (n = 70) or to the treatment as the usual control group (n = 70). The primary outcome measure was the 1-year increment in caries incidence and prevalence. Secondary endpoints assessed were the initial, cavitated and obvious dentinal caries increment as well as the measurement of dental plaque accumulation, as an indicator of the ECC risk. Data were collected through the clinical assessment of the children's caries (dmft and ICDAS II) and oral hygiene status (DI-S of OHI-S index). Caries incidence and prevalence were statistically significantly lower in the probiotic group versus the control group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.0075). The initial and final mean OHI-S scores in the probiotic group did not show any significant differences. In conclusion, the regular short-term intake of probiotics may reduce caries development. Our findings suggest that self-administered probiotic therapy may provide a good complement to increase the effectiveness of individual preventive home care in preschool children. This is the first clinical study evaluating the effect of a short-term probiotic intervention on reducing early childhood caries with 12 months of follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Staszczyk
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Jamka-Kasprzyk
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Kościelniak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Cienkosz-Stepańczak
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Wirginia Krzyściak
- Department of Medical Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Jurczak
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Quantitative Measurements of the Depth of Enamel Demineralization before and after Bleach: An In Vitro Study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2805343. [PMID: 36065254 PMCID: PMC9440835 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2805343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study is aimed at determining two main points. First, if the Canary System™ (CS), initially used to assess caries, can measure a decalcification depth of bleached enamel quantitatively, and second, whether or not whitening has a harmful effect on enamel. This device can be considered a useful tool in the clinical assessment of the progression of demineralization after bleaching. Materials and Methods This study collected sixty human premolars that are in a good state recently extracted for orthodontic reason. To properly disinfect and preserve the premolars, they were stored in a saline solution and later in distilled water for a period of two weeks to allow the premolars to rehydrate. Later, 24 hours before the experiment, the premolars were introduced into a solution of artificial saliva to acquire back their minerals. The mineral content of the teeth was measured by the Canary System™ before bleaching. The teeth were bleached with 30% hydrogen peroxide (fläsh HP 30%), 30 min per week and for 3 consecutive weeks to simulate the conditions of strong bleaching in the clinic. The extent of demineralized enamel was measured by the Canary System™ at three points on the enamel surface of each tooth. The data were averaged for each application of the bleaching product. The demineralization extent of the teeth was measured by the Canary System™ before and after bleaching. The significance level was set at 0.05, and SPSS version 26 was used. The data were analyzed by using Wilcoxon's and Student's tests. Results Mineral loss occurred after the first bleaching session; the Canary System™ detected a decalcification in the first bleaching session (532 ± 322 μm) compared to the other sessions (p ≤ 0.05), while no significant change was detected between the second and the third sessions (p > 0.05). Conclusion Based on the findings of the present study, under in vitro conditions, it was possible to measure the demineralization extent of bleached enamel with the Canary System™.
Collapse
|
19
|
Nafarrate-Valdez RA, Martínez-Martínez RE, Zaragoza-Contreras EA, Áyala-Herrera JL, Domínguez-Pérez RA, Reyes-López SY, Donohue-Cornejo A, Cuevas-González JC, Loyola-Rodríguez JP, Espinosa-Cristóbal LF. Anti-Adherence and Antimicrobial Activities of Silver Nanoparticles against Serotypes C and K of Streptococcus mutans on Orthodontic Appliances. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58070877. [PMID: 35888596 PMCID: PMC9323808 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) is the main microorganism associated with the presence of dental caries and specific serotypes of this bacteria have been related to several systemic diseases limiting general health. In orthodontics, white spot lesions (WSL), represent a great challenge for clinicians due to the great fluctuation of their prevalence and incidence during conventional orthodontic treatments. Although silver nanoparticles (AgNP) have been demonstrated to have great antimicrobial properties in several microorganisms, including S. mutans bacteria, there is no available information about anti adherence and antimicrobial properties of AgNP exposed to two of the most relevant serotypes of S. mutans adhered on orthodontic materials used for conventional therapeutics. The objective of this study was to determine anti-adherence and antimicrobial levels of AgNP against serotypes c and k of S. mutans on conventional orthodontic appliances. Materials and Methods: An AgNP solution was prepared and characterized using dispersion light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Antimicrobial and anti-adherence activities of AgNP were determined using minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and bacterial adherence testing against serotypes c and k of S. mutans clinically isolated and confirmed by PCR assay. Results: The prepared AgNP had spherical shapes with a good size distribution (29.3 ± 0.7 nm) with negative and well-defined electrical charges (−36.5 ± 5.7 mV). AgNP had good bacterial growth (55.7 ± 19.3 µg/mL for serotype c, and 111.4 ± 38.6 µg/mL for serotype k) and adherence inhibitions for all bacterial strains and orthodontic wires (p < 0.05). The serotype k showed statistically the highest microbial adherence (p < 0.05). The SS wires promoted more bacterial adhesion (149.0 ± 253.6 UFC/mL × 104) than CuNiTi (3.3 ± 6.0 UFC/mL × 104) and NiTi (101.1 ± 108.5 UFC/mL × 104) arches. SEM analysis suggests CuNiTi wires demonstrated better topographical conditions for bacterial adherence while AFM evaluation determined cell wall irregularities in bacterial cells exposed to AgNP. Conclusions: This study suggests the widespread use of AgNP as a potential anti-adherent and antimicrobial agent for the prevention of WSL during conventional orthodontic therapies and, collaterally, other systemic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Amalia Nafarrate-Valdez
- Speciality Program in Orthodontics, Department of Dentistry, Biomedical Science Institute, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez (UACJ), Envolvente del PRONAF and Estocolmo Avenues, Juarez City 32310, Mexico;
| | - Rita Elizabeth Martínez-Martínez
- Master Program in Advanced Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, Manuel Nava Avenue, Universitary Campus, San Luis Potosí 78290, Mexico;
| | - Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras
- Department of Engineering and Materials Chemistry, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados, S. C., Miguel de Cervantes 120, Complejo Industrial Chihuahua, Chihuahua 31136, Mexico;
| | - José Luis Áyala-Herrera
- School of Dentistry, Universidad De La Salle Bajío, Universidad Avenue, Lomas del Campestre, Guanajuato 37150, Mexico;
| | - Rubén Abraham Domínguez-Pérez
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Dental Research, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Queretaro, Clavel Street, Prados de La Capilla, Santiago de Querétaro 76176, Mexico;
| | - Simón Yobanny Reyes-López
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City (UACJ), Envolvente del PRONAF and Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico;
| | - Alejandro Donohue-Cornejo
- Master Program in Dental Sciences, Stomatology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City (UACJ), Envolvente del PRONAF and Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (A.D.-C.); (J.C.C.-G.)
| | - Juan Carlos Cuevas-González
- Master Program in Dental Sciences, Stomatology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City (UACJ), Envolvente del PRONAF and Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (A.D.-C.); (J.C.C.-G.)
| | - Juan Pablo Loyola-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Dentistry, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez, Ciudad Universitaria, Universitaria, Culiacán 80013, Mexico;
| | - León Francisco Espinosa-Cristóbal
- Master Program in Dental Sciences, Stomatology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Juarez City (UACJ), Envolvente del PRONAF and Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez 32310, Mexico; (A.D.-C.); (J.C.C.-G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +55-656-688-1823
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Seredin P, Goloshchapov D, Kashkarov V, Nesterov D, Ippolitov Y, Ippolitov I, Vongsvivut J. Effect of Exo/Endogenous Prophylaxis Dentifrice/Drug and Cariogenic Conditions of Patient on Molecular Property of Dental Biofilm: Synchrotron FTIR Spectroscopic Study. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14071355. [PMID: 35890251 PMCID: PMC9320832 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14071355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Objectives: This study is the first one to investigate the molecular composition of the dental biofilm during the exogenous and endogenous prophylaxis stages (use of dentifrice/drug) of individuals with different cariogenic conditions using molecular spectroscopy methods. (2) Materials and Methods: The study involved 100 participants (50 males and 50 females), aged 18–25 years with different caries conditions. Biofilm samples were collected from the teeth surface of all participants. The molecular composition of biofilms was investigated using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy. Changes in the molecular composition were studied through calculation and analysis of ratios between organic and mineral components of biofilm samples. (3) Results: Based on the data obtained by synchrotron FTIR, calculations of organic and mineral component ratios, and statistical analysis of the data, we were able to assess changes occurring in the molecular composition of the dental biofilm. Variations in the phosphate/protein/lipid, phosphate/mineral, and phospholipid/lipid ratios and the presence of statistically significant intra- and inter-group differences in these ratios indicate that the mechanisms of ion adsorption, compounds and complexes arriving from oral fluid into dental biofilm during exo/endogenous prophylaxis, differ for patients in norm and caries development. (4) Conclusions: The conformational environment and charge interaction in the microbiota and the electrostatic state of the biofilm protein network in patients with different cariogenic conditions play an important role. (5) Clinical Significance: Understanding the changes that occur in the molecular composition of the dental biofilm in different oral homeostasis conditions will enable successful transition to a personalised approach in dentistry and high-tech healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Seredin
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.G.); (V.K.); (D.N.)
- Scientific and Educational Center “Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies”, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Dmitry Goloshchapov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.G.); (V.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Vladimir Kashkarov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.G.); (V.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Dmitry Nesterov
- Department of Solid-State Physics and Nanostructures, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (D.G.); (V.K.); (D.N.)
| | - Yuri Ippolitov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Orthodontia, Voronezh State Medical University, 394006 Voronezh, Russia; (Y.I.); (I.I.)
| | - Ivan Ippolitov
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry with Orthodontia, Voronezh State Medical University, 394006 Voronezh, Russia; (Y.I.); (I.I.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Biofilm accumulation and sucrose rinse modulate calcium and fluoride bioavailability in the saliva of children with early childhood caries. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10283. [PMID: 35717506 PMCID: PMC9206641 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at investigating the combined effect of biofilm accumulation and 20% sucrose rinse on the modulation of calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (Pi), and fluoride (F-) bioavailability in the saliva of children with early childhood caries (ECC). Fifty-six preschoolers of both genders were evaluated according to caries experience and activity: caries-free (CF, n = 28) and with ECC (n = 28) and then, submitted to biofilm intervention (biofilm accumulation). In each situation, saliva samples were collected before and five minutes after a 20% sucrose rinse to determine the concentrations of Ca2+, Pi, and F-. Calcium concentration was significantly lower in the biofilm accumulation situation compared to the situation of biofilm mechanical control (p ≤ 0.01), except for CF children after sucrose rinse. Biofilm accumulation increased salivary calcium concentration in children with ECC after sucrose rinse (p = 0.04), whereas mechanical biofilm control reduced it in both groups (p = 0.000). Phosphate concentration was influenced by mechanical control of biofilm in CF children (p = 0.03). The fluoride bioavailability was reduced by sucrose rinse and biofilm accumulation in CF and ECC children (p ≤ 0.002). In conclusion, the combined effect of biofilm accumulation and sucrose rinse modifies the bioavailability of calcium and fluoride in the saliva of children with early childhood caries.
Collapse
|
22
|
Ionescu AC, Degli Esposti L, Iafisco M, Brambilla E. Dental tissue remineralization by bioactive calcium phosphate nanoparticles formulations. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5994. [PMID: 35397624 PMCID: PMC8994765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09787-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent health care products are based on formulations claimed to provide enamel remineralization and dentinal tubules occlusion through calcium-phosphate bioactive nanocompounds (ion-doped hydroxyapatite and precursor, amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles). This study aimed to characterize, test, and compare for the first time the structure and performance of a representative, market-available sample of remineralizing toothpastes and topical mousses. Formulations were characterized to determine their composition and investigate the presence of bioactive compounds and doping elements. A conventional fluoride-containing toothpaste was used as reference. The enamel remineralization and efficacy of dentinal tubules occlusion by tested formulations were investigated ex vivo on human hard tissues. All formulations containing Ca-P bioactive nanocompounds showed remineralizing ability by epitaxial growth of a layer showing the morphology and composition of human hydroxyapatite. Such layers also embedded nanosilica clusters. The presence of doping elements or casein phosphopeptide seemed essential to allow such performances, especially when hydroxyapatite and amorphous calcium phosphate compounds were doped with small amounts of CO32−, F−, Mg2+, and Sr2+. Topical mousse formulations showed a higher tubules occlusion capability than toothpastes, independently from their composition. Therefore, all tested formulations could be useful in restoring tooth structures in a biomimetic way, contrasting dental demineralization processes leading to caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Cristian Ionescu
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Degli Esposti
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo, 64, 48018, Faenza, Italy
| | - Michele Iafisco
- Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC), National Research Council (CNR), Via Granarolo, 64, 48018, Faenza, Italy
| | - Eugenio Brambilla
- Oral Microbiology and Biomaterials Laboratory, Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Via Pascal, 36, 20133, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Luan C, Jiang N, Zhou X, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Li Z, Li C. Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of probiotic Lactobacillus curvatus BSF206 and Pediococcus pentosaceus AC1-2 against Streptococcus mutans. Microb Pathog 2022; 164:105446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
24
|
A novel sustained release fluoride strip based Poly(propylene carbonate) for preventing caries. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 171:106128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
25
|
Feres MFN, Vicioni-Marques F, Romano FL, Roscoe MG, Souza VMD, Torneri AL, Bueno-Silva B. Streptococcus mutans adherence to conventional and self-ligating brackets: an in vitro study. Dental Press J Orthod 2021; 26:e212019. [PMID: 34932711 PMCID: PMC8690864 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.26.6.e212019.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although self-ligating brackets presumably provide better hygiene conditions, no consensus has been reached so far. OBJECTIVE Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate, in an in vitro experimental design, the adherence of Streptococcus mutans (SM) in self-ligating and conventional brackets of different manufacturers and ligature types. METHODS Four commercial brands of maxillary premolar metal brackets were tested (Abzil®; Morelli®; 3M Unitek®; and GAC®). Each one was subdivided into three groups, which varied according to the type of ligature and bracket model (metallic, elastic, and self-ligating), totalizing twelve groups, composed of six brackets each. Previously sterilized brackets were initially immersed in saliva for one hour, and subsequently washed and added in a bacterial suspension, maintained in aerobiosis for 72 hours. The adhered bacteria were then separated and quantified by colony forming units (CFU/mL) counting after 48 hours of growth. The groups were compared by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post-hoc tests (p< 0.05). RESULTS Regardless of the commercial brand, self-ligating brackets had significantly less CFU/mL. However, according to comparisons performed within each commercial brand, only Abzil® self-ligating brackets had significantly lower biofilm adhesion. Among all of the self-ligating models, GAC® brackets presented the highest bacterial adhesion rate. CONCLUSIONS Self-ligating brackets are likely to present lower rates of biofilm adhesion. Particularly, Abzil® and GAC® self-ligating brackets are less likely to accumulate biofilm. Although such results are derived from an in vitro study, practitioners might acknowledge findings concerning bacterial adhesion as one of the relevant features to be considered during bracket selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Fernando Neuppmann Feres
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Infantil (Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil)
| | - Fernanda Vicioni-Marques
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Infantil (Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil)
| | - Fábio Lourenço Romano
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Clínica Infantil (Ribeirão Preto/SP, Brazil)
| | - Marina Guimarães Roscoe
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia, Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral (São Paulo/SP, Brazil)
| | | | - Aline Lira Torneri
- Universidade de Guarulhos, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Mestrado em Ortodontia (Guarulhos/SP, Brazil)
| | - Bruno Bueno-Silva
- Universidade de Guarulhos, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Mestrado em Ortodontia (Guarulhos/SP, Brazil)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
A novel dental re-mineralizing blend of hydroxyethyl-cellulose and cellulose nanofibers oral film loaded with nepheline apatite glass: Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of re-mineralizing effect. CARBOHYDRATE POLYMER TECHNOLOGIES AND APPLICATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
|
27
|
Grohe B, Mittler S. Advanced non-fluoride approaches to dental enamel remineralization: The next level in enamel repair management. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 4:100029. [PMID: 36824571 PMCID: PMC9934497 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In modern dentistry, a minimally invasive management of early caries lesions or early-stage erosive tooth wear (ETW) with synthetic remineralization systems has become indispensable. In addition to fluoride, which is still the non-plus-ultra in these early caries/ETW treatments, a number of new developments are in the test phase or have already been commercialized. Some of these systems claim that they are comparable or even superior to fluoride in terms of their ability to remineralize enamel. Besides, their use can help avoid some of the risks associated with fluoride and support treatments of patients with a high risk of caries. Two individual non-fluoride systems can be distinguished; intrinsic and extrinsic remineralization approaches. Intrinsic (protein/peptide) systems adsorb to hydroxyapatite crystals/organics located within enamel prisms and accumulate endogenous calcium and phosphate ions from saliva, which ultimately leads to the re-growth of enamel crystals. Extrinsic remineralization systems function on the basis of the external (non-saliva) supply of calcium and phosphate to the crystals to be re-grown. This article, following an introduction into enamel (re)mineralization and fluoride-assisted remineralization, discusses the requirements for non-fluoride remineralization systems, particularly their mechanisms and challenges, and summarizes the findings that underpin the most promising advances in enamel remineralization therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Grohe
- Lawson Health Research Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, N6A 4V2 Canada,Corresponding author at: 268 Grosvenor Street, London, ON, N6A 4V2, Canada.
| | - Silvia Mittler
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7 Canada,Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B9 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wakamatsu K, Kurokawa H, Okuwaki T, Takamizawa T, Tsujimoto A, Shiratsuchi K, Ishii R, Miyazaki M. Ultrasonic measurement of dentin remineralization effects of dentifrices and silver diamine fluoride. Acta Odontol Scand 2021; 79:528-535. [PMID: 33822667 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2021.1906442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the dentin remineralization effect of the application of a functionalized tri-calcium phosphate (fTCP) dentifrice and a silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution. MATERIAL AND METHODS The materials used were: a fluoride-containing dentifrice with fTCP (fTCP+), a fluoride-containing dentifrice without fTCP (fTCP-) and a 38% SDF solution. Following treatment, the dentin slabs were immersed in a 0.1-M lactic acid buffer solution and then placed in artificial saliva. This procedure was repeated three times daily for 28 days. The propagation time of longitudinal ultrasonic velocities (UV) and the Knoop hardness (KH) of the samples were measured. The samples were also observed using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The SDF and fTCP+ groups showed higher UV than the fTCP - group regardless of the application method. The F-SDF group at 28 days showed significantly higher UV (4121 ± 102 m/s) than the F-fTCP + group (3731 ± 65 m/s) (p < .05). The F-SDF group at 28 days showed significantly higher KH (47.4 ± 2.2) than the F-fTCP+ group (43.3 ± 1.0) and the F-fTCP - group (42.9 ± 2.1) (p < .05). Closure of the dentinal tubules and crystal precipitation was detected on the surface of the fTCP+ group to a greater extent than the fTCP - group. CONCLUSIONS The fTCP-containing dentifrice and SDF solution effectively enhanced bovine dentin remineralization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Wakamatsu
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Kurokawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taketo Okuwaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takamizawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Shiratsuchi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishii
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Stavroullakis AT, Goncalves LL, Levesque CM, Kishen A, Prakki A. Interaction of epigallocatechin-gallate and chlorhexidine with Streptococcus mutans stimulated odontoblast-like cells: Cytotoxicity, Interleukin-1β and co-species proteomic analyses. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 131:105268. [PMID: 34571395 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The dentin therapeutic agent chlorhexidine has inflammatory and cytotoxic characteristics urging investigation of alternatives like the natural compound epigallocatechin-gallate. The aim is to verify the effect of epigallocatechin-gallate and chlorhexidine on viability, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and differential protein expression of MDPC-23 odontoblast-like cells stimulated by Streptococcus mutans. DESIGN Cells were stimulated with heat-killed S. mutans at multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100-1000 and subsequently treated with 100-1 µM of epigallocatechin-gallate. Cells with no treatment or chlorhexidine were controls. Combined stimulated/treated cells were tested for cytotoxicity (Alamar-Blue, N = 3, n = 3), total protein (N = 3, n = 3), IL-1β (ELISA, N = 3, n = 3), and differential protein expression by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS, n = 2). RESULTS Cells stimulated at MOI 100/1000 and treated with 10 µM epigallocatechin-gallate and chlorhexidine did not present cytotoxicity. IL-1β significantly increased in both un-stimulated and stimulated chlorhexidine 10 µM groups when compared to un-treated control (p < 0.05). MOI 100 chlorhexidine 10 µM group significantly increased IL-1β compared to un-stimulated chlorhexidine 10 µM and epigallocatechin-gallate 10 µM groups, as well as to MOI 100 epigallocatechin-gallate 10 µM group (p < 0.05). LC-MS/MS revealed S. mutans and mammalian proteins, with tooth-specific proteins exhibiting different abundance levels, depending on the tested condition. CONCLUSIONS Odontoblast-like cells stimulated with S. mutans at different MOI combined with epigallocatechin-gallate treatment did not cause cytotoxicity. S. mutans stimulation combined with chlorhexidine 100 µM treatment decreased cell viability, while treatment with chlorhexidine 10 µM concentration significantly increased IL-1β. S. mutans stimulation and treatment of cells resulted in varied protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Terry Stavroullakis
- Department of Clinical Sciences - Restorative, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucelia Lemes Goncalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences - Restorative, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Restorative Dentistry, Institute of Science and Technology of São José dos Campos, Sao Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celine Marie Levesque
- Department of Biological and Diagnostic Sciences-Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anil Kishen
- Dental Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anuradha Prakki
- Department of Clinical Sciences - Restorative, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Q, Shen J, Qin T, Zhou G, Li Y, Chen Z, Li M. A Qualitative and Comprehensive Analysis of Caries Susceptibility for Dental Fluorosis Patients. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091047. [PMID: 34572628 PMCID: PMC8464924 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental fluorosis (DF) is an endemic disease caused by excessive fluoride exposure during childhood. Previous studies mainly focused on the acid resistance of fluorotic enamel and failed to reach a consensus on the topic of the caries susceptibility of DF patients. In this review, we discuss the role of DF classification in assessing this susceptibility and follow the “four factors theory” in weighing the pros and cons of DF classification in terms of host factor (dental enamel and saliva), food factor, bacteria factor, and DF treatment factor. From our analysis, we find that susceptibility is possibly determined by various factors such as the extent of structural and chemical changes in fluorotic enamel, eating habits, fluoride levels in diets and in the oral cavity, changes in quantity and quality of saliva, and/or oral hygiene. Thus, a universal conclusion regarding caries susceptibility might not exist, instead depending on each individual’s situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (T.Q.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiaqi Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (T.Q.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Tao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (T.Q.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Ge Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (T.Q.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (T.Q.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Disease Research, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China;
| | - Mingyun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Q.L.); (J.S.); (T.Q.); (G.Z.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Alharbi M, Bakitian F, Alenezi A. Evaluation of bactericidal effects of ultraviolet light C irradiation on cariogenic bacteria: An in vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:406. [PMID: 34407791 PMCID: PMC8371794 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01767-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Ultraviolet light C (UVL-C) irradiation has demonstrated an antimicrobial action against various pathogens. This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal effect of UVL-C irradiation against cariogenic oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans) in single layers and colonies grown on solid surfaces. Methods Two different experiments were performed. In the first experiment, a single layer of Streptococcus mutans bacteria on agar plates was exposed to UVL-C irradiation at energies from 0 to 21 mWs/cm2. The second experiment was conducted to inhibit viability of bacterial colonies on solid surfaces. The samples were derived from saliva from a patient where bacteria were grown on plastic strips and then exposed to UVL-C. The highest energy was 1050 mWs/cm2. Results Exposure to 21 mWs/cm2 was bactericidal in single layers of Streptococcus mutans. The result for bacterial colonies on solid surfaces indicated only a bacteriostatic effect, even at energies of 1050 mWs/cm2. Conclusions Ultraviolet light C exhibits bactericidal effects on single layers of Streptococcus mutans but has a limited effect on bacterial colonies in a biofilm. It is a matter of debate whether these in vitro results would have the same effect in clinical setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moayyad Alharbi
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Fahad Bakitian
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alenezi
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Zhang A, Ye N, Aregawi W, Zhang L, Salah M, VanHeel B, Chew HP, Fok ASL. A Review of Mechano-Biochemical Models for Testing Composite Restorations. J Dent Res 2021; 100:1030-1038. [PMID: 34365857 DOI: 10.1177/00220345211026918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the severe mechano-biochemical conditions in the oral cavity, many dental restorations will degrade and eventually fail. For teeth restored with resin composite, the major modes of failure are secondary caries and fracture of the tooth or restoration. While clinical studies can answer some of the more practical questions, such as the rate of failure, fundamental understanding on the failure mechanism can be obtained from laboratory studies using simplified models more effectively. Reviewed in this article are the 4 main types of models used to study the degradation of resin-composite restorations, namely, animal, human in vivo or in situ, in vitro biofilm, and in vitro chemical models. The characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of these models are discussed and compared. The tooth-restoration interface is widely considered the weakest link in a resin composite restoration. To account for the different types of degradation that can occur (i.e., demineralization, resin hydrolysis, and collagen degradation), enzymes such as esterase and collagenase found in the oral environment are used, in addition to acids, to form biochemical models to test resin-composite restorations in conjunction with mechanical loading. Furthermore, laboratory tests are usually performed in an accelerated manner to save time. It is argued that, for an accelerated multicomponent model to be representative and predictive in terms of both the mode and the speed of degradation, the individual components must be synchronized in their rates of action and be calibrated with clinical data. The process of calibrating the in vitro models against clinical data is briefly described. To achieve representative and predictive in vitro models, more comparative studies of in vivo and in vitro models are required to calibrate the laboratory studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - N Ye
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - W Aregawi
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - L Zhang
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - M Salah
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - B VanHeel
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H P Chew
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - A S L Fok
- Minnesota Dental Research Center for Biomaterials and Biomechanics, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang F, Cheng Z, Ding C, Li J. Functional biomedical materials derived from proteins in the acquired salivary pellicle. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6507-6520. [PMID: 34304263 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01121a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In the oral environment, the acquired salivary pellicle (ASP) on the tooth surface comprises proteins, glycoproteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. The ASP can specifically and rapidly adsorb on the enamel surface to provide effective lubrication, protection, hydration, and remineralisation, as well as be recognised by various bacteria to form a microbial biofilm (plaque). The involved proteins, particularly various phosphoproteins such as statherins, histatins, and proline-rich proteins, are vital to their specific functions. This review first describes the relationship between the biological functions of these proteins and their structures. Subsequently, recent advances in functional biomedical materials derived from these proteins are reviewed in terms of dental/bone therapeutic materials, antibacterial materials, tissue engineering materials, and coatings for medical devices. Finally, perspectives and challenges regarding the rational design and biomedical applications of ASP-derived materials are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Physical Examination Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Rosa LK, Costa FS, Hauagge CM, Mobile RZ, de Lima AAS, Amaral CDB, Machado RC, Nogueira ARA, Brancher JA, de Araujo MR. Oral health, organic and inorganic saliva composition of men with Schizophrenia: Case-control study. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 66:126743. [PMID: 33740480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) presents complex challenges related to diagnosis and clinical monitoring. The study of conditions associated with SCZ can be facilitated by using potential markers and patterns that provide information to support the diagnosis and oral health. METHODS The salivary composition of patients diagnosed with SCZ (n = 50) was evaluated and compared to the control (n = 50). Saliva samples from male patients were collected and clinical parameters were evaluated. The concentration of total proteins and amylase were determined and salivary macro- and microelements were quantified by ICP OES and ICP-MS. Exploratory data analysis based on artificial intelligence tools was used in the investigation. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the salivary concentrations of Al, Fe, Li, Mg, Na, and V, higher prevalence of caries (p < 0.001), periodontal disease (p < 0.001), and reduced salivary flow rate (p = 0.019) in SCZ patients. Also, samples were grouped into six clusters. As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se, and Sr were correlated with each other, while Fe, K, Li, Ti, and V showed the highest concentrations in the samples distributed in the clusters with the highest association between SZC patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained indicate changes in salivary flow, organic composition, and levels of macro- and microelements in SCZ patients. Salivary concentrations of Fe, Mg, and Na may be related to oral conditions, higher prevalence of caries, and periodontal disease. The exploratory analysis showed different patterns in the salivary composition of SCZ patients impacted by associations between oral health conditions and the use of medications. Future studies are encouraged to confirm the results investigated in this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Kreutz Rosa
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Stomatology, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | | | - Cecília Moraes Hauagge
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Stomatology, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | - Rafael Zancan Mobile
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Stomatology, Curitiba, PR, 80210-170, Brazil
| | | | - Clarice D B Amaral
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Raquel C Machado
- Federal University of São Carlos, Department of Chemistry, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | - João Armando Brancher
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Escola de Ciências da Vida, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Boyd H, Gonzalez-Martinez JF, Welbourn RJL, Ma K, Li P, Gutfreund P, Klechikov A, Arnebrant T, Barker R, Sotres J. Effect of nonionic and amphoteric surfactants on salivary pellicles reconstituted in vitro. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12913. [PMID: 34155330 PMCID: PMC8217253 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Surfactants are important components of oral care products. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is the most common because of its foaming properties, taste and low cost. However, the use of ionic surfactants, especially SDS, is related to several oral mucosa conditions. Thus, there is a high interest in using non-ionic and amphoteric surfactants as they are less irritant. To better understand the performance of these surfactants in oral care products, we investigated their interaction with salivary pellicles i.e., the proteinaceous films that cover surfaces exposed to saliva. Specifically, we focused on pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E5) and cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) as model nonionic and amphoteric surfactants respectively, and investigated their interaction with reconstituted salivary pellicles with various surface techniques: Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation, Ellipsometry, Force Spectroscopy and Neutron Reflectometry. Both C12E5 and CAPB were gentler on pellicles than SDS, removing a lower amount. However, their interaction with pellicles differed. Our work indicates that CAPB would mainly interact with the mucin components of pellicles, leading to collapse and dehydration. In contrast, exposure to C12E5 had a minimal effect on the pellicles, mainly resulting in the replacement/solubilisation of some of the components anchoring pellicles to their substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Boyd
- Biomedical Science Department, Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, 20506, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Juan F Gonzalez-Martinez
- Biomedical Science Department, Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, 20506, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rebecca J L Welbourn
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Kun Ma
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Peixun Li
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Philipp Gutfreund
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexey Klechikov
- Institut Laue Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Arnebrant
- Biomedical Science Department, Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, 20506, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Robert Barker
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NZ, UK
| | - Javier Sotres
- Biomedical Science Department, Biofilms-Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, 20506, Malmö, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Matzeu G, Naveh GRS, Agarwal S, Roshko JA, Ostrovsky‐Snider NA, Napier BS, Omenetto FG. Functionalized Mouth-Conformable Interfaces for pH Evaluation of the Oral Cavity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2003416. [PMID: 34165900 PMCID: PMC8224410 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Oral health monitoring is highly desired, especially for in home use, however, current methods are not sensitive enough and technically convoluted for this purpose. This paper presents incorporation of bioactive materials and colorimetric chemical sensors into routinely used oral appliances transforming them into bioresponsive, conformable interfaces. Specifically, endodontic paper points and dental floss can be functionalized to locally sense and monitor pH variations within the oral cavity via color changes. Moreover, edible colorimetric indicators are developed and used to make sensing, edible devices in the form factor of candies that can dynamically and visually respond to acidity changes in saliva. These interfaces would enable early detection of caries (e.g., using dental floss and paper points) providing low-cost point of care devices that respond in real-time by detecting pH variations in biological fluids thus bringing monitoring to home settings .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Matzeu
- SilklabDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
- Center for Applied Brain and Cognitive ScienceTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
- Laboratory for Living DevicesTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| | - Gili R. S. Naveh
- Harvard School of Dental Medicine188 Longwood AvenueBostonMA02115USA
| | - Siddhart Agarwal
- SilklabDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| | - Jeffery A. Roshko
- SilklabDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| | | | - Bradley S. Napier
- SilklabDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| | - Fiorenzo G. Omenetto
- SilklabDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
- Center for Applied Brain and Cognitive ScienceTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
- Laboratory for Living DevicesTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
- Department of PhysicsTufts UniversityMedfordMA02155USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tripodi D, Cosi A, Fulco D, D’Ercole S. The Impact of Sport Training on Oral Health in Athletes. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:51. [PMID: 34063591 PMCID: PMC8147607 DOI: 10.3390/dj9050051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Athletes' oral health appears to be poor in numerous sport activities and different diseases can limit athletic skills, both during training and during competitions. Sport activities can be considered a risk factor, among athletes from different sports, for the onset of oral diseases, such as caries with an incidence between 15% and 70%, dental trauma 14-70%, dental erosion 36%, pericoronitis 5-39% and periodontal disease up to 15%. The numerous diseases are related to the variations that involve the ecological factors of the oral cavity such as salivary pH, flow rate, buffering capability, total bacterial count, cariogenic bacterial load and values of secretory Immunoglobulin A. The decrease in the production of S-IgA and the association with an important intraoral growth of pathogenic bacteria leads us to consider the training an "open window" for exposure to oral cavity diseases. Sports dentistry focuses attention on the prevention and treatment of oral pathologies and injuries. Oral health promotion strategies are needed in the sports environment. To prevent the onset of oral diseases, the sports dentist can recommend the use of a custom-made mouthguard, an oral device with a triple function that improves the health and performance of athletes. During training, the sports dentist must monitor the athletes and the sports examination protocol must be implemented with the inclusion of the clinical examination, quantitative and qualitative analysis of saliva and instructions on the use, cleansing and storage of the mouthguard.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Simonetta D’Ercole
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” of Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (D.T.); (A.C.); (D.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kumagai T, Kashiwamura H, Katsumata M, Ozaki M. Verification of antibacterial activity to enamel surfaces of new type of surface coating. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
39
|
Haque M, Akter F. Smash of diabetes mellitus on smile. ADVANCES IN HUMAN BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/aihb.aihb_68_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
40
|
Karaaslan F, Demir T, Barış O. Effect of Periodontal Disease-associated Bacteria on the Formation of Dental Calculus: An In Vitro Study. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ORAL RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/2320206820919591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Aim: To investigate whether bacteria that play a major role in periodontal disease pathology and in the formation of dental plaque also affect the formation of dental calculus, which is a predisposing factor for the initiation and progression of periodontal diseases. Materials and Methods: This was an in vitro study, and cultures of bacteria were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection and Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University. Young cultures of bacteria of Streptococcus mutans ( S. mutans), Streptococcus sanguinis ( S. sanguinis), Streptococcus gordonii ( S. gordonii), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ( A. actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P. gingivalis), Fusobacterium nucleatum ( F. nucleatum), and Corynebacterium matruchotii ( C. matruchotii) were prepared in media containing their specific enriching factors. B2 solid, B4 solid, and B2 liquid media were used to determine active calcification, whereas the mineral salt basal (MSB) medium was used to observe passive calcification. Calcification in the media was measured under light microscopy and in MSB using a spectrophotometer and was recorded as the percent transmittance. Results: S. mutans, S. sanguinis, and S. gordonii showed calcification in the B2 medium. S. mutans, S. sanguinis, S. gordonii, and C. matruchotii demonstrated calcification in MSB. A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum did not show any calcification. Conclusions: It was concluded that streptococci present in dental plaque take part in the formation of dental calculus, whereas periodontopathogens have no role in the formation of dental calculus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Karaaslan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Usak University, Usak, Turkey
| | - Turgut Demir
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Barış
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yue H, Xu X, Liu Q, Li X, Jiang W, Hu B. Association between sickle cell disease and dental caries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 25:309-319. [PMID: 32783601 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2020.1748927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: Although dental caries has been widely reported in individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), there is still controversial in the literature regarding the association between SCD and dental caries. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether individuals with SCD have more dental caries than individuals with non-SCD. Methods: PubMed and Embase databases were searched for eligible studies. The parameters of the permanent decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and the permanent decayed, missing and filled surface (DMFS) index were considered as outcome measures. The overall meta-analyses of the DMFT and DMFS index and various subgroup analyses (caries components, age, and genotypes) of DMFT index were performed to calculate the weighted mean differences (WMD) between patients with SCD and non-SCD individuals. Results: A total of 9 studies covering 1478 individuals were included in this meta-analysis. The results of overall meta-analyses indicated that the scores of the DMFT and DMFS index were not significantly different between patients with SCD and non-SCD participants. The results of subgroup analyses by caries components, age, and genotypes showed no significant difference in most items. The result of the missing teeth was significantly lower in patients with SCD than in non-SCD individuals (WMD, -0.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.25 to -0.03; P = 0.01). Discussion and Conclusions: The results revealed that compared with non-SCD individuals, patients with SCD did not suffer from worse dental caries. Considering the limitations, further well-designed studies are necessary to reveal the association between SCD and dental caries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yue
- Department of Stomatology, The people' s Hospital of LinShui, Sichuang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Liu
- School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chen Q, Jin X, Zhu H, Salehi HS, Wei K. 3D distribution of dental plaque on occlusal surface using 2D-fluorescence-image to 3D-surface registration. Comput Biol Med 2020; 123:103860. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
43
|
Khurshid Z, Warsi I, Moin SF, Slowey PD, Latif M, Zohaib S, Zafar MS. Biochemical analysis of oral fluids for disease detection. Adv Clin Chem 2020; 100:205-253. [PMID: 33453866 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The field of diagnostics using invasive blood testing represents the majority of diagnostic tests used as part of routine health monitoring. The relatively recent introduction of salivary diagnostics has lead to a major paradigm shift in diagnostic analyses. Additionally, in this era of big data, oral fluid testing has shown promising outcomes in a number of fields, particularly the areas of genomics, microbiomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics. Despite the analytical challenges involved in the interpretation of large datasets generated from biochemical studies involving bodily fluids, including saliva, many studies have identified novel oral biomarkers for diagnosing oral and systemic diseases. In this regard, oral biofluids, including saliva, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF), dentinal tubular fluid (DTF), are now attracting increasing attention due to their important attributes, such as noninvasive sampling, easy handling, low cost, and more accurate diagnosis of oral diseases. Recently, the utilization of salivary diagnostics to evaluate systemic diseases and monitor general health has increased in popularity among clinicians. Saliva contains a wide range of protein, DNA and RNA biomarkers, which assist in the diagnosis of multiple diseases and conditions, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), auto-immune and degenerative diseases, respiratory infections, oral diseases, and microbial (viral, bacterial and fungal) diseases. Moreover, due to its noninvasive nature and ease-of-adoption by children, it is now being used in mass screening programs, oral health-related studies and clinical trials in support of the development of therapeutic agents. The recent advent of highly sensitive technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, mass spectrometry, highly sensitives ELISAs, and homogeneous immunoassays, suggests that even small quantities of salivary biomarkers are able to be assayed accurately, providing opportunities for the development of many future diagnostic applications (including emerging technologies, such as point-of-care and rapid molecular technologies). The present article explores the omics and biochemical compositions of various oral biofluids with important value in diagnostics and monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Warsi
- Masters in Medical Science and Clinical Investigation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Syed F Moin
- National Center for Proteomics, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Paul D Slowey
- Oasis Diagnostics® Corporation, Vancouver, WA, United States
| | - Muhammad Latif
- Centre for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Zohaib
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad S Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Brouns F. Saccharide Characteristics and Their Potential Health Effects in Perspective. Front Nutr 2020; 7:75. [PMID: 32733909 PMCID: PMC7357269 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the effects of saccharides on our metabolism and health, we need a clear understanding of what they are, how they differ, and why some types are deemed "less healthy" and others "better for health." There are various ways to look at this topic. Firstly, saccharides can be classified according to their degree of polymerization (DP). This classification is useful when qualitative or quantitative analysis and calculation of intakes are required or for food-labeling definitions. However, it does not account for the fact that saccharides with a similar DP can differ in molecular composition, which will influence digestion, absorption, and metabolism. Secondly, another approach widely used in the biomedical and nutritional sciences is therefore a physiological classification, which addresses the rate and degree of digestibility and absorption, the glycemic response, and the metabolic fate. The individual health status also plays a role in this respect. An active, lean person will have a metabolic response that differs from an inactive person with overweight and insulin resistance. However, this approach will not give a complete answer either because the characteristics of the matrix/meal in which these carbohydrates (CHOs) are present will also influence the responses of our body. Thirdly, one can also rank CHOs by comparing their functional/technological properties, such as relative sweetness, viscosity, and solubility. Understanding CHO characteristics and related physiological responses will help understand health and disease implications. Therefore, a brief outline of different carbohydrate classifications is presented. This outline will be placed in the context of potential overall effects after consumption. The answer to the question whether we should we eat less of certain sugars depends on the angle from which you look at this matter; for example, do you address this question from a single molecular characteristic point of view or from a meal quality perspective? Looking at one particular CHO characteristic will almost always lead to a different conclusion (e.g., the labeling of fructose as toxic) than evaluating from a "total perspective" (fructose has adverse effects in certain conditions). Examples are given to help understand this matter for the benefit of justified dietary/food-based recommendations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fred Brouns
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu Y, Hannig M. Vinegar inhibits the formation of oral biofilm in situ. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32503624 PMCID: PMC7275295 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vinegar has been recognized as an effective antimicrobial agent for long. This study intended to elucidate the effect of commercially available vinegar on in situ pellicle formation and existing 24-h biofilms. Methods In situ biofilm formation took place on bovine enamel slabs mounted in individual splints and exposed intraorally over 3 min and 24 h, respectively. After 5 s rinsing with vinegar, all samples were analyzed via fluorescence microscopy (FM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, salivary samples were collected and analyzed via FM. Samples with water rinsing served as controls. Results Vinegar caused destruction of the pellicle. Compared to the control group, vinegar rinsing reduced the outer globular layer of the pellicle (p < 0.001), and resulted in formation of subsurface pellicle. Also, vinegar rinsing could reduce bacterial viability and disrupt the 24-h biofilm. Total bacteria amount of saliva samples decreased remarkably (p < 0.001) after vinegar rinsing within 30 min. Reduction of bacterial viability was observed even 120 min after vinegar rinsing in both biofilm and saliva sample (p < 0.001). Conclusion This in situ study reveals that rinsing with vinegar for only 5 s alters the pellicle layer resulting in subsurface pellicle formation. Furthermore, vinegar rinsing will destruct mature (24-h) biofilms, and significantly reduce the viability of planktonic microbes in saliva, thereby decreasing biofilm formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Cardoso AA, de Sousa ET, Steiner-Oliveira C, Parisotto TM, Nobre-Dos-Santos M. A high salivary calcium concentration is a protective factor for caries development during orthodontic treatment. J Clin Exp Dent 2020; 12:e209-e214. [PMID: 32190189 PMCID: PMC7071533 DOI: 10.4317/jced.56331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This research aimed to evaluate the salivary concentrations of fluoride (F-), calcium (Ca2+), and phosphate (Pi) after brackets bonding, and to identify the role of [F-], [Ca2+], and [Pi] on the development of active caries lesion (ACL) in individuals under fixed orthodontic treatment.
Material and Methods A longitudinal investigation with twenty-two individuals from 11 to 22 years of age was performed in four phases (baseline and after 1, 3, and 6 months). Analyses were carried out considering the salivary concentration of [F-], [Ca2+], and [Pi], as well as the caries index. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test, followed by the Wilcoxon test and the multivariate Cox model (p≤0.05).
Results 1 and 3 months after appliance bonding, the [Ca2+] was statistically lower than after 6 months (p<0.0083). On the other hand, salivary [F-] and [Pi] did not show any significant difference during the follow-up. The Cox model demonstrated that the increase of 1 µg/mL in Ca2+ decreased the risk of ACL development by 27%. In conclusion, the levels of Ca2+ changed during orthodontic treatment.
Conclusions A high Ca2+ level in the saliva is a protective factor for ACL development over time. Key words:Adolescents, bioinorganic chemistry, dental caries, orthodontic appliances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreia-Alves Cardoso
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira Avenue 901, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - Emerson-Tavares de Sousa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira Avenue 901, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Steiner-Oliveira
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira Avenue 901, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - Thaís-Manzano Parisotto
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Dental School, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista - SP, Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira Avenue 901, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
de Sousa ET, Lima-Holanda AT, Nobre-Dos-Santos M. Changes in the salivary electrolytic dynamic after sucrose exposure in children with Early Childhood Caries. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4146. [PMID: 32139791 PMCID: PMC7057989 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study sought to explore if the effect of 20% sucrose rinse (SR) on the salivary electrolytic concentration of calcium (Ca2+), phosphate (Pi) and fluoride (F-) in children with Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is different from healthy children. Here, fifty-eight preschoolers aged 3 to 5 years were divided into 2 groups: caries-free (CF) and with ECC. Changes in saliva flow rate, pH and buffering capacity (BC), as well as in concentrations of Ca2+, Pi, and F-, and the degree of saturation in relation to hydroxyapatite (DSS HAp) and fluorapatite (DSS FAp) were evaluated. The pre-rinse [Ca2+] was higher in the ECC group in the CF group. A significant increase in [Ca2+] was demonstrated after SR in the CF group (p = 0.05). The [Pi] was reduced by 18% after SR in the ECC group (p = 0.007). The [F-] reduced in both groups after SR (p < 0.000). There was a moderate positive correlation between [Ca2+] and the DSS HAp and DSS FAp. Multivariate analysis showed that children with a higher [Ca2+] in pre-rinse saliva are more likely to have ECC. In conclusion, the effect of a 20% sucrose rinse on the electrolytic concentration of Ca2+, Pi and F- was different when children with ECC were compared with CF children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emerson Tavares de Sousa
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Aline Tavares Lima-Holanda
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Marinês Nobre-Dos-Santos
- Department of Health Sciences and Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Correlation between parotid saliva composition and dental caries using 31P-NMR and ICDAS score. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 111:104651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
49
|
Yazdanian M, Armoon B, Noroozi A, Mohammadi R, Bayat AH, Ahounbar E, Higgs P, Nasab HS, Bayani A, Hemmat M. Dental caries and periodontal disease among people who use drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:44. [PMID: 32041585 PMCID: PMC7011515 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-1010-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of our study was to perform a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis in order to investigate relationship between drug use and oral health. METHODS We searched for studies in English published before July 1, 2019 on PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science. We assessed the relationship between drug use (methamphetamines, heroin; opiates; crack, cocaine and cannabis as dependent variables) and reported tooth loss, periodontal disease, or decayed, missing, and filled teeth index as an independent variable. The data were analyzed using Stata 12.0 software. RESULTS We initially identified 1836 potential articles (with 1100 duplicates) and screened the remaining 736 titles and abstracts, comprising 54 studies. In the next step, we evaluated the full-texts; 44 studies were excluded, accordingly. In total, we included 10 publications in the meta-analysis. Drug type was associated with periodontal disease (OR 1.44; 95% CI 0.8-2.6) and pooled estimates showed that type of drug used increased the odds of the number of decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT) (OR 4.11; 95% CI 2.07-8.15) respectively. CONCLUSIONS The analytical challenges of segregating the impact of individual drug types on oral health diseases mean that investigations on the direct relationship between oral health status and drug use are limited. Developing programs to improve potential confounding with various substances and addressing the dental health needs of people who use drugs is vital if we are to improve their overall quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Yazdanian
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Bahram Armoon
- Research Center for Prevention of Oral and Dental Diseases, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Alireza Noroozi
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Department of Public Health,, Loresatn University of Medical Sciences, Khoram Abad, Iran
| | - Amir-Hosein Bayat
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Elahe Ahounbar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Peter Higgs
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hormoz Sanaei Nasab
- Health Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Bayani
- Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Hemmat
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li KY, Tsai CC, Lin TC, Wang YL, Lin FH, Lin CP. Fluorinated Montmorillonite and 3YSZ as the Inorganic Fillers in Fluoride-Releasing and Rechargeable Dental Composition Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12010223. [PMID: 31963243 PMCID: PMC7023564 DOI: 10.3390/polym12010223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries (tooth decay) is the most frequent oral disease in humans. Filling cavities with a dental restorative material is the most common treatment, and glass ionomer cements are the main fluoride ion release restorative materials. The goal of this study was to develop a restorative compound with superior fluoride ion release and recharge abilities. Previously developed fluorinated bentolite and hydrophobized 3YSZ were used as two different inorganic fillers mixed in a bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA) matrix. XRD, FTIR, and TGA were used to determine the hydrophobic modification of these two inorganic fillers. In mechanical tests, including diameter tensile strength, flexural strength, and wear resistance, the developed composite resin was significantly superior to the commercial control. A WST-1 assay was used to confirm that the material displayed good biocompatibility. Furthermore, the simulation of the oral environment confirmed that the composite resin had good fluoride ion release and reloading abilities. Thus, the composite resin developed in this study may reduce secondary caries and provide a new choice for future clinical treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keng-Yuan Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Cheng-Chia Tsai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, No.92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei 10449, Taiwan;
| | - Tzu-Chieh Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Yin-Lin Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 1, Ren’ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10048, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Huei Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.49, Fanglan Rd., Da’an Dist., Taipei 10672, Taiwan; (K.-Y.L.); (T.-C.L.)
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, No.35, Keyan Rd., Zhunan Township, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-H.L.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.); +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-P.L.)
| | - Chun-Pin Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 1, Ren’ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10051, Taiwan;
- National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No.1, Changde St., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 10048, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (F.-H.L.); (C.-P.L.); Tel.: +886-2-2732-0443 (F.-H.L.); +886-2-2312-3456 (C.-P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|