1
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Grillo AR. Polygene by environment interactions predicting depressive outcomes. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2024:e33000. [PMID: 39012198 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.33000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Depression is a major public health problem with a continued need to uncover its etiology. Current models of depression contend that gene-by-environment (G × E) interactions influence depression risk, and further, that depression is polygenic. Thus, recent models have emphasized two polygenic approaches: a hypothesis-driven multilocus genetic profile score (MGPS; "MGPS × E") and a polygenic risk score (PRS; "PRS × E") derived from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). This review for the first time synthesizes current knowledge on polygene by environment "P × E" interaction research predicting primarily depression-related outcomes, and in brief, neurobiological outcomes. The "environment" of focus in this project is stressful life events. It further discusses findings in the context of differential susceptibility and diathesis-stress theories-two major theories guiding G × E work. This synthesis indicates that, within the MGPS literature, polygenic scores based on the serotonin system, the HPA axis, or across multiple systems, interact with environmental stress exposure to predict outcomes at multiple levels of analyses and most consistently align with differential susceptibility theory. Depressive outcomes are the most studied, but neuroendocrine, and neuroimaging findings are observed as well. By contrast, vast methodological differences between GWAS-based PRS studies contribute to mixed findings that yield inconclusive results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra R Grillo
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
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2
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Sahi N, Haider L, Chung K, Prados Carrasco F, Kanber B, Samson R, Thompson AJ, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CAM, Trip SA, Brownlee W, Ciccarelli O, Barkhof F, Tur C, Houlden H, Chard D. Genetic influences on disease course and severity, 30 years after a clinically isolated syndrome. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad255. [PMID: 37841069 PMCID: PMC10576246 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis risk has a well-established polygenic component, yet the genetic contribution to disease course and severity remains unclear and difficult to examine. Accurately measuring disease progression requires long-term study of clinical and radiological outcomes with sufficient follow-up duration to confidently confirm disability accrual and multiple sclerosis phenotypes. In this retrospective study, we explore genetic influences on long-term disease course and severity; in a unique cohort of clinically isolated syndrome patients with homogenous 30-year disease duration, deep clinical phenotyping and advanced MRI metrics. Sixty-one clinically isolated syndrome patients [41 female (67%): 20 male (33%)] underwent clinical and MRI assessment at baseline, 1-, 5-, 10-, 14-, 20- and 30-year follow-up (mean age ± standard deviation: 60.9 ± 6.5 years). After 30 years, 29 patients developed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, 15 developed secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and 17 still had a clinically isolated syndrome. Twenty-seven genes were investigated for associations with clinical outcomes [including disease course and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS)] and brain MRI (including white matter lesions, cortical lesions, and brain tissue volumes) at the 30-year follow-up. Genetic associations with changes in EDSS, relapses, white matter lesions and brain atrophy (third ventricular and medullary measurements) over 30 years were assessed using mixed-effects models. HLA-DRB1*1501-positive (n = 26) patients showed faster white matter lesion accrual [+1.96 lesions/year (0.64-3.29), P = 3.8 × 10-3], greater 30-year white matter lesion volumes [+11.60 ml, (5.49-18.29), P = 1.27 × 10-3] and higher annualized relapse rates [+0.06 relapses/year (0.005-0.11), P = 0.031] compared with HLA-DRB1*1501-negative patients (n = 35). PVRL2-positive patients (n = 41) had more cortical lesions (+0.83 [0.08-1.66], P = 0.042), faster EDSS worsening [+0.06 points/year (0.02-0.11), P = 0.010], greater 30-year EDSS [+1.72 (0.49-2.93), P = 0.013; multiple sclerosis cases: +2.60 (1.30-3.87), P = 2.02 × 10-3], and greater risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis [odds ratio (OR) = 12.25 (1.15-23.10), P = 0.031] than PVRL2-negative patients (n = 18). In contrast, IRX1-positive (n = 30) patients had preserved 30-year grey matter fraction [+0.76% (0.28-1.29), P = 8.4 × 10-3], lower risk of cortical lesions [OR = 0.22 (0.05-0.99), P = 0.049] and lower 30-year EDSS [-1.35 (-0.87,-3.44), P = 0.026; multiple sclerosis cases: -2.12 (-0.87, -3.44), P = 5.02 × 10-3] than IRX1-negative patients (n = 30). In multiple sclerosis cases, IRX1-positive patients also had slower EDSS worsening [-0.07 points/year (-0.01,-0.13), P = 0.015] and lower risk of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis [OR = 0.19 (0.04-0.92), P = 0.042]. These exploratory findings support diverse genetic influences on pathological mechanisms associated with multiple sclerosis disease course. HLA-DRB1*1501 influenced white matter inflammation and relapses, while IRX1 (protective) and PVRL2 (adverse) were associated with grey matter pathology (cortical lesions and atrophy), long-term disability worsening and the risk of developing secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Sahi
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Lukas Haider
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Medical University Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karen Chung
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ferran Prados Carrasco
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Baris Kanber
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Rebecca Samson
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Alan J Thompson
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Claudia A M Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Brain MRI 3T Research Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Anand Trip
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Wallace Brownlee
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Olga Ciccarelli
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, UK
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Tur
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- MS Centre of Catalonia (Cemcat), Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen’s Square House, Queen’s Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Declan Chard
- NMR Research Unit, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals (UCLH) Biomedical Research Centre, London W1T 7DN, UK
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3
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Knisely MR, Yang Q, Stauffer N, Kenney M, Ashley-Koch A, Myers J, Walker JKL, Tanabe PJ, Shah NR. Evaluating Associations between Average Pain Intensity and Genetic Variation in People with Sickle Cell Disease: An Exploratory Study. Pain Manag Nurs 2023; 24:12-18. [PMID: 36096903 PMCID: PMC9925395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is one of the most common and deleterious symptoms experienced by individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD). There is a paucity of studies identifying potential genetic mechanisms of pain in this population. AIM Examine associations between 11 functional single nucleotide polymorphisms in 9 candidate genes with reports of average pain intensity in individuals with sickle cell disease. METHOD Cross-sectional analyses were performed on data and blood samples collected through the Duke SCD Implementation Consortium Registry. Participants were asked to rate their pain "on the average" using an 11-point numeric rating scale (0 = no pain; 10 = pain as bad as you can imagine). We genotyped 11 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 9 pain-related genes using TaqMan® Genotyping Assays. Associations between each polymorphism and reports of average pain were evaluated. RESULTS The 86 participants (mean age: 28.7 years; 64% female) included in this study reported moderate pain on average (Mean = 4, Standard Deviation = 2.4). ICAM1 rs1799969 was the only genetic polymorphism that was significantly associated with pain (p = .01). Individuals with one or more minor alleles had lower average pain (Mean = 1.25, Standard Deviation = 1.50) than individuals without a minor allele (Mean = 4.13, Standard Deviation = 2.25). The effect size for ICAM1 rs1799969 was 1.30, which is considered large. The effect sizes for all other single nucleotide polymorphisms ranged from small to medium (range: 0-0.3). CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide preliminary evidence that the minor allele in ICAM1 rs1799969 had protective effects against experiencing more severe pain in sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Yang
- Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nic Stauffer
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Martha Kenney
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Allison Ashley-Koch
- Departments of Medicine and Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Durham, North Carolina; Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - John Myers
- Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Paula J Tanabe
- Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Nirmish R Shah
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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4
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Aref S, El Menshawy N, Abou Zeid T, Gouda E, Abdel Aziz N. DNA Repair Genes Polymorphisms: Impact on Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Outcome. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3577-3585. [PMID: 36308385 PMCID: PMC9924318 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.10.3577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ATM; XRCC6 and LIG4 genes play an important role in repairing the double-strand DNA breaks and maintaining the genome stability. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genes could affect these genes expression and function. The aim of this study was to address the effect of SNP of the DNA repairing genes on corresponding gene expression as well as AML patient's outcome. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This is cross sectional study included 95 newly diagnosed AML patients. For all subjects included in our study SNPs and expression of ATM (rs189037G>A), XRCC6 (rs2267437C>G) and LIG4 (rs1805388C>T) genes were evaluated by RFLP and real time PCR. RESULTS The following SNPs in ATM (AA); XRCC6 (GG); and LIG4 (TT) are associated with down regulation of the corresponding genes (P<0.001). The lower expression of ATM and LIG4 genes are associated with shorter OS and DFS. Cox regression multivariate analysis revealed that lower expression of ATM HR : 2.02 (CI: 1.12-3.64; p=0.020. CONCLUSION The following SNPs of ATM (AA); XRCC6 (GG); and LIG4 (TT) are associated with down regulation of corresponding genes expression. ATM and XRCC6 lower expression are predictors of OS while ATM is predictor of DFS and could be used for optimizing the AML therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Aref
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt. ,For Correspondence:
| | - Nadia El Menshawy
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Tarek Abou Zeid
- Hematology Unit, Mansoura University Oncology Center (MUOC), Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Enas Gouda
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
| | - Nora Abdel Aziz
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.
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5
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Albert PR. Influence of functional gene polymorphisms on human behaviour: the case of CCR5. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E659-E662. [PMID: 34916235 PMCID: PMC8687621 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.210197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Albert
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Canada
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6
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Dobewall H, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Saarinen A, Lyytikäinen LP, Zwir I, Cloninger R, Raitakari OT, Lehtimäki T, Hintsanen M. Genetic differential susceptibility to the parent-child relationship quality and the life span development of compassion. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22184. [PMID: 34423428 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The development of compassion for others might be influenced by the social experiences made during childhood and has a genetic component. No research has yet investigated whether the parent-child relationship quality interacts with genetic variation in the oxytocin and dopamine systems in predicting compassion over the life span. In the prospective Young Finns Study (N = 2099, 43.9% men), we examined the interaction between mother-reported emotional warmth and intolerance toward their child assessed in 1980 (age of participants, 3-18 years) and two established genetic risk scores for oxytocin levels and dopamine signaling activity. Dispositional compassion for others was measured with the Temperament and Character Inventory 1997, 2001, and 2012 (age of participants, 20-50 years). We found a gene-environment interaction (p = .031) that remained marginally significant after adjustment for multiple testing. In line with the differential susceptibility hypothesis, only participants who carry alleles associated with low dopamine signaling activity had higher levels of compassion when growing up with emotionally warm parents, whereas they had lower levels of compassion when their parents were emotionally cold. Children's genetic variability in the dopamine system might result in plasticity to early environmental influences that have a long-lasting effect on the development of compassion. However, our findings need replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Dobewall
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Aino Saarinen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Igor Zwir
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.,Department of Computer Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Robert Cloninger
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Abstract
It is clear, based on a deep scientific literature base, that genetic and genomic factors play significant roles in determining a wide range of sport and exercise characteristics including exercise endurance capacity, strength, daily physical activity levels, and trainability of both endurance and strength. Although the research field of exercise systems genetics has rapidly expanded over the past two decades, many researchers publishing in this field are not extensively trained in molecular biology or genomics techniques, sometimes creating gaps in generating high-quality and cutting-edge research for publication. As current or former Associate Editors for Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise that have handled the majority of exercise genetics articles for Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise in the past 15 yr, we have observed a large number of scientific manuscripts submitted for publication review that have exhibited significant flaws preventing their publication; flaws that often directly stem from a lack of knowledge regarding the "state-of-the-art" methods and accepted literature base that is rapidly changing as the field evolves. The purpose of this commentary is to provide researchers-especially those coming from a nongenetics background attempting to publish in the exercise system genetics area-with recommendations regarding best-practice research standards and data analysis in the field of exercise systems genetics, to strengthen the overall literature in this important and evolving field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Timothy Lightfoot
- Department of Health and Kinesiology and the Sydney and JL Huffines Institute for Sports Medicine and Human Performance, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | - Stephen M Roth
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Monica J Hubal
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN
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8
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Dobewall H, Saarinen A, Lyytikäinen LP, Keltikangas-Järvinen L, Lehtimäki T, Hintsanen M. Functional Polymorphisms in Oxytocin and Dopamine Pathway Genes and the Development of Dispositional Compassion Over Time: The Young Finns Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:576346. [PMID: 33897514 PMCID: PMC8060576 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.576346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We define compassion as an enduring disposition that centers upon empathetic concern for another person's suffering and the motivation to act to alleviate it. The contribution of specific candidate genes to the development of dispositional compassion for others is currently unknown. We examine candidate genes in the oxytocin and dopamine signaling pathways. Methods: In a 32-year follow-up of the Young Finns Study (N = 2,130, 44.0% men), we examined with multiple indicators latent growth curve modeling the molecular genetic underpinnings of dispositional compassion for others across the life span. We selected five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) whose functions are known in humans: rs2268498 (OXTR), rs3796863 (CD38) (related to lower oxytocin levels), rs1800497 (ANKK1/DRD2), rs4680 (COMT), and rs1611115 (DBH) (related to higher dopamine levels). Compassion was measured with Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory on three repeated observations spanning 15 years (1997–2012). Differences between gender were tested. Results: We did not find an effect of the five SNPs in oxytocin and dopamine pathway genes on the initial levels of dispositional compassion for others. Individuals who carry one or two copies of the T-allele of DBH rs1611115, however, tend to increase faster in compassion over time than those homozygotes for the C-allele, b = 0.063 (SE = 0.027; p = 0.018). This effect was largely driven by male participants, 0.206 (SE = 0.046; p < 0.001), and was not significant in female participants when analyzed separately. Conclusions: Men who are known to have, on average, lower compassion than women seem to reduce this difference over time if they carry the T-allele of DBH rs1611115. The direction of the association indicates that dopamine signaling activity rather than overall dopamine levels might drive the development of compassion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Dobewall
- Research Unit of Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Aino Saarinen
- Research Unit of Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leo-Pekka Lyytikäinen
- Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mirka Hintsanen
- Research Unit of Psychology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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9
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Kringel D, Malkusch S, Kalso E, Lötsch J. Computational Functional Genomics-Based AmpliSeq™ Panel for Next-Generation Sequencing of Key Genes of Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020878. [PMID: 33467215 PMCID: PMC7830224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic background of pain is becoming increasingly well understood, which opens up possibilities for predicting the individual risk of persistent pain and the use of tailored therapies adapted to the variant pattern of the patient's pain-relevant genes. The individual variant pattern of pain-relevant genes is accessible via next-generation sequencing, although the analysis of all "pain genes" would be expensive. Here, we report on the development of a cost-effective next generation sequencing-based pain-genotyping assay comprising the development of a customized AmpliSeq™ panel and bioinformatics approaches that condensate the genetic information of pain by identifying the most representative genes. The panel includes 29 key genes that have been shown to cover 70% of the biological functions exerted by a list of 540 so-called "pain genes" derived from transgenic mice experiments. These were supplemented by 43 additional genes that had been independently proposed as relevant for persistent pain. The functional genomics covered by the resulting 72 genes is particularly represented by mitogen-activated protein kinase of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and cytokine production and secretion. The present genotyping assay was established in 61 subjects of Caucasian ethnicity and investigates the functional role of the selected genes in the context of the known genetic architecture of pain without seeking functional associations for pain. The assay identified a total of 691 genetic variants, of which many have reports for a clinical relevance for pain or in another context. The assay is applicable for small to large-scale experimental setups at contemporary genotyping costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Kringel
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Sebastian Malkusch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.K.); (S.M.)
| | - Eija Kalso
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, P.O. Box 440, 00029 HUS Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Jörn Lötsch
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (D.K.); (S.M.)
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-69-6301-4589; Fax: +49-69-6301-4354
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10
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Yin H, Guo J, Xin Q, Zheng S, Xue X, Li E, Liu T, Yan N, Keilp J, Mann JJ. Influence of the GABA Receptor Subunit Gene Polymorphism and Childhood Sexual Abuse on Processing Speed in Major Depression and Suicide Attempt. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:712231. [PMID: 34733184 PMCID: PMC8558369 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.712231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Suicide is moderately heritable and also more common in those who report childhood abuse. Previously, it was found that allele A of GABRG2 (GABA A receptor subunit gamma2) polymorphism rs211034 was protective in a suicide attempt (SA). Hence, it was proposed that rs211034 may interact with childhood trauma to influence cognitive deficits related to SA or depression risk. Genetic variants may predict the benefits of certain cognitive treatments. Methods: A total of 52 individuals who had attempted suicide, 59 individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar depression who had not previously attempted suicide, and 90 healthy volunteers were subjected to the modified Suicide Stroop task and were clinically assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Hamilton Depression Scale-24 items (HAMD-24). rs211034 was genotyped using Sanger sequencing. Results: After correcting for covariates, depressed participants displayed longer reaction times for all emotional conditions, including suicide-related words, compared with healthy controls. Depressed suicide attempters displayed longer reaction times for negative words than depressed non-attempters. Depressed non-attempters displayed higher interference scores for negative words compared with healthy controls. There was an interaction between rs211034 risk allele and the effects of reported childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on reaction time for all emotional words and suicide-related words. Carriers of the rs211034 risk allele A exhibited shorter reaction times, but the protective effects of this allele were eliminated in those exposed to reported CSA. Conclusion: Only limited results were found regarding effects of a past suicide attempt on response times to emotional and suicide-related words, but there was an overall effect of major depression on slower response time. Protective genetic effects of the rs211034 A allele on this slowing were eliminated in those with a history of sexual abuse during childhood. Further research is needed to better characterize the mechanisms underlying the effects of childhood trauma on these genetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Guo
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Qianqian Xin
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuqiong Zheng
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Enze Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - Na Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong, China
| | - John Keilp
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States.,Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
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11
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Okamoto M, Watanabe M, Inoue N, Ogawa K, Hidaka Y, Iwatani Y. Gene polymorphisms of VEGF and VEGFR2 are associated with the severity of Hashimoto's disease and the intractability of Graves' disease, respectively. Endocr J 2020; 67:545-559. [PMID: 32074519 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej19-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of main regulators of angiogenesis that functions by binding to its receptors, including VEGF receptor (VEGFR) 2. There are few data available regarding the association between VEGF and VEGFR polymorphisms and the susceptibility to and prognosis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). To elucidate this association, we genotyped four functional VEGF and two VEGFR2 polymorphisms and measured serum VEGF levels. In the four functional VEGF polymorphisms, the frequencies of the I carrier and I allele of VEGF -2549 I/D, which has lower activity, were higher in patients with severe HD than in those with mild HD. In the two functional VEGFR2 polymorphisms, the frequency of the rs2071559 CC genotype, which has higher activity, was higher in patients with intractable GD than in controls, and the proportion of GD patients with larger goiters was higher in those with the CC genotype. Moreover, the frequency of the rs1870377 TT genotype with higher activity was higher in patients with intractable GD than in those with GD in remission. Combinations of VEGF and VEGFR2 polymorphisms with stronger interactions were associated with the intractability of GD. Serum VEGF levels were higher in HD and AITD patients than those in controls. In conclusion, VEGF polymorphisms with lower activity were associated with the severity of HD, while VEGFR2 polymorphisms and the combinations of VEGF and VEGFR2 polymorphisms, which have stronger interactions, were associated with the intractability of GD. VEGF and VEGFR2 polymorphisms were associated with HD severity and GD intractability, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Okamoto
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mikio Watanabe
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Naoya Inoue
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazane Ogawa
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoh Hidaka
- Laboratory for Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Iwatani
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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12
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Yin H, Galfalvy H, Zhang B, Tang W, Xin Q, Li E, Xue X, Li Q, Ye J, Yan N, Mann JJ. Interactions of the GABRG2 polymorphisms and childhood trauma on suicide attempt and related traits in depressed patients. J Affect Disord 2020; 266:447-455. [PMID: 32056912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we reported that the longest variant of the GABA A receptor γ2 subunit (GABRG2) was associated with suicidal behavior. The present study therefore aimed to determine whether polymorphisms near the alternatively spliced exon of GABRG2 are associated with suicide attempt (SA) and its related traits, and how these variants might interact with reported childhood trauma (CT) in their association with suicidal behavior. METHODS We examined 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of GABRG2. Subjects were suicide Attempters (N = 94), non-suicide attempters (N = 168) with MDD or Bipolar depression, and healthy volunteers (N = 100). Data on demographics, depression severity and suicide attempts were collected. Participants also completed a set of instruments assessing CT, and lifetime aggression and impulsivity.. GABRG2 polymorphisms were genotyped using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Allele A of rs211034 was a protective factor for SA (OR = 0.50 (0.32, 0.80), p = 0.003), and had an interaction effect with emotional neglect (OR = 0.89 (0.82, 0.97), p = 0.006) on depression. One haploblock (consisting of rs211035 and rs211034) was identified within these SNPs, and subjects with haplotype GA (frequency = 7.3%), had lower rate of SA (OR=0.26(0.10, 0.67), p = 0.006). Cognitive impulsivity (OR=1.38)1.24,1.55), p < 0.001), non-planning impulsivity (OR = 1.18 (1.10,1.25), p < 0.001), anger (OR = 1.13 (1.07,1.19), p < 0.001), impulsivity total score (OR = 1.10(1.06,1.15), p < 0.001), hostility (OR = 1.10 (1.04, 1.15), p < 0.001), aggression total score (OR = 1.05 (1.03,1.07), p < 0.001) were associated with depression, meanwhile, hopelessness (OR = 2.18 (1.56, 3.04), p < 0.001) and impulsivity total score (OR = 1.05 (1.02,1.08), p < 0.001) were associated with the risk of SA, adjusted by age and gender. There was no mediation effect in the relationship among CT, gene polymorphisms and SA or depression through increased impulsivity or aggression. LIMITATIONS The main limitation of this study is its modest sample size. More genetic variants as well as epigenetic markers should be examined in future studies. CONCLUSIONS These findings add to evidence for the involvement of GABRG2 and impulsivity and hopelessness in SA independent from their association with depression. More research is needed on possible mediators of the relationship between GABA-related gene and SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China.
| | - Hanga Galfalvy
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Weiwei Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Qianqian Xin
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Enze Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Xiang Xue
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Qiyang Li
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Junping Ye
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - Na Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, China
| | - J John Mann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY; Division of Molecular Imaging and Neuropathology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York.
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13
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Genetic polymorphisms influence gene expression of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts in the early phases of orthodontic tooth movement. Odontology 2019; 108:493-502. [PMID: 31741103 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-019-00475-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms could be involved in the individual rate of OTM (orthodontic tooth movement) corresponding to the clinical phenomenon of "slow movers" and "fast movers". This study evaluated, if genetic polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL, OPG, COX2 and IL6 are associated with the expression of RANKL, OPG, COX2 and IL6 by human periodontal ligament (hPDL) fibroblasts during OTM. Primary hPDL fibroblasts from periodontal connective tissue of teeth extracted from 57 human subjects for medical reasons were collected, isolated, cultivated and characterized. To simulate orthodontic forces in PDL pressure areas, a physiological compressive force of 2 g/cm2 was applied to the hPDL fibroblasts under cell culture conditions at 70% confluency for 48 h, using a glass disc. Thereafter we analysed relative expression of RANKL, OPG, COX2 and IL6 by RT-qPCR. We also performed genotyping analysis of seven genetic polymorphisms in RANK, RANKL, OPG, COX2 and IL6. Relative gene expression was compared among the genotypes. The genotype TT in polymorphism rs9594738 (RANKL) had a higher RANKL expression in the recessive model (p = 0.021; TT vs. CT + CC). For polymorphism rs9594738 (RANKL), in the recessive model, TT was associated with a higher RANKL/OPG expression ratio (p = 0.013; TT vs. CT + CC). In the dominant model, GG genotype in rs5275 (COX2) was associated with a lower gene expression of COX2 (p = 0.04; GG vs. AA + AG). Genetic polymorphisms in genes associated with OTM affect the relative force-induced upregulation of these genes in hPDL fibroblasts.
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14
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Kucharska K, Kot E, Biernacka K, Zimowski J, Rogoza R, Rybakowski F, Kostecka B, Bednarska-Makaruk M. Interaction between polymorphisms of the oxytocinergic system genes and emotion perception in inpatients with anorexia nervosa. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2019; 27:481-494. [PMID: 31385420 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The empirical literature describes the role of the oxytocinergic system in emotion perception (EP). Variants in the oxytocin (OXT) and oxytocin receptor genes have been associated with mental disorders, including anorexia nervosa (AN), that are characterized by difficulties in socioemotional functioning. Our study aimed to examine whether variability within the genes related to OXT pathways may play a role in facial EP in inpatients with AN. METHOD Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the following genes: oxytocin receptor (rs2254298, rs53576), OXT (rs6133010), OXT-arginine-vasopressin (rs2740204), CD38 (rs6449197, rs3796863), and human leucyl/cystinylaminopeptidase (rs4869317) were genotyped in 60 AN female inpatients and 60 healthy control females (HCs). Associations between genetic polymorphisms and EP as well as clinical symptoms were examined. RESULTS The AN group showed decreased EP abilities compared with HCs. SNPs of rs2740204, rs6133010, and rs53576 were associated with differences in EP in women with AN and in HCs. The SNP of rs4869317 was associated with the level of eating disorders symptoms in HCs. CONCLUSIONS The OXT system may be involved in EP difficulties in AN. SNPs within genes related to OXT pathways may influence EP abilities. The leucyl/cystinylaminopeptidase rs4869317 SNP may be involved in the development of eating disorders psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilia Kot
- The Department of Neuroses, Personality Disorders and Eating Disorders, The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Biernacka
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Poland
| | - Janusz Zimowski
- The Department of Genetics, The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Poland
| | - Radosław Rogoza
- Institute of Psychology, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Poland
| | - Filip Rybakowski
- The Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Poland.,The Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland
| | - Barbara Kostecka
- The Department of Neuroses, Personality Disorders and Eating Disorders, The Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Poland
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15
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Knisely MR, Conley YP, Szigethy E. Cytokine Genetic Variants and Health-Related Quality of Life in Crohn's Disease: An Exploratory Study. Biol Res Nurs 2019; 21:544-551. [PMID: 31272196 DOI: 10.1177/1099800419860906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory condition that has deleterious effects on patients' health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Demographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors contribute to variability in HRQoL; however, the influence of genetic variations related to altered inflammatory responses in individuals with CD is unknown. This exploratory study compared HRQoL scores across genotypes of functional genetic polymorphisms in cytokine candidate genes among individuals with CD. METHOD This study used data and blood samples collected in a parent study in 39 patients with CD aged 15-30 years. Participant reports of HRQoL were collected using the Shortened Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ). Genetic data were collected for 18 functional polymorphisms in eight cytokine candidate genes. SIBDQ scores were compared among genotypes using one-way, between-subjects analysis of variance. RESULTS SIBDQ scores differed across genotypes as follows: for IL-1R2 rs4141134 scores differed for total SIBDQ (p = .004) and systemic (p = .011), emotion (p = .038), and social domains (p = .025); for IL-10 rs1878672, scores differed for total SIBDQ (p = .031) and social domain (p = .008); for NFKB2 rs1056890, scores differed for social domain (p = .041); for TNF-α rs1800629, scores differed for total SIBDQ (p = .001) and bowel (p = .026), systemic (p = .014), and social domains (p = .045). CONCLUSIONS Findings on differences in SIBDQ scores across functional genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes suggest potential mechanisms that contribute to variability in HRQoL in adolescents and young adults with CD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yvette P Conley
- 2 School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Human Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eva Szigethy
- 4 Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,5 Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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16
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Knisely MR, Maserati M, Heinsberg LW, Shah LL, Li H, Zhu Y, Ma Y, Graves LY, Merriman JD, Conley YP. Symptom Science: Advocating for Inclusion of Functional Genetic Polymorphisms. Biol Res Nurs 2019; 21:349-354. [PMID: 31023072 PMCID: PMC6700869 DOI: 10.1177/1099800419846407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating biologically based data into symptom science research can contribute substantially to understanding commonly experienced symptoms across chronic conditions. The purpose of this literature review was to identify functional polymorphisms associated with common symptoms (i.e., pain, sleep disturbance, fatigue, affective and cognitive symptoms) with the goal of identifying a parsimonious list of functional genetic polymorphisms with evidence to advocate for their inclusion in symptom science research. PubMed was searched to identify genes and functional polymorphisms associated with symptoms across chronic conditions, revealing eight functional genetic polymorphisms in seven different genes that showed evidence of association with at least three or more symptoms and/or symptom clusters: BDNF rs6265, COMT rs4680, FKBP5 rs3800373, IL-6 rs1800795, NFKB2 rs1056890, SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR+rs25531, and TNFA rs1799964 and rs1800629. Of these genes, three represent protein biomarkers previously identified as common data elements for symptom science research (BDNF, IL-6, and TNFA), and the polymorphisms in these genes identified through the search are known to impact secretion or level of transcription of these protein biomarkers. Inclusion of genotype data for polymorphisms offers great potential to further advance scientific knowledge of the biological basis of individual symptoms and symptom clusters across studies. Additionally, these polymorphisms have the potential to be used as targets to optimize precision health through the identification of individuals at risk for poor symptom experiences as well as the development of symptom management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan Maserati
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Lisa L. Shah
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hongjin Li
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yehui Zhu
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yumi Ma
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - John D. Merriman
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yvette P. Conley
- School of Nursing, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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17
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Mirzaei S, Burke L, Rosenfeld AG, Dunn S, Dungan JR, Maki K, DeVon HA. Protein Cytokines, Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms, and Potential Acute Coronary Syndrome Symptoms. Biol Res Nurs 2019; 21:552-563. [PMID: 31238711 DOI: 10.1177/1099800419857819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether relationships exist among protein cytokines, cytokine gene polymorphisms, and symptoms of potential acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Participants included 438 patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) whose symptoms triggered a cardiac evaluation (206 ruled in and 232 ruled out for ACS). Presence or absence of 13 symptoms was recorded upon arrival. Levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-18 were measured for all patients. A pilot analysis of 85 patients (ACS = 49; non-ACS = 36) genotyped eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; four TNF and four IL6 SNPs). Logistic regression models were tested to determine whether cytokines or SNPs predicted symptoms. Increased levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were associated with a decreased likelihood of chest discomfort for all patients. Increased levels of IL-6 were associated with a lower likelihood of chest discomfort and chest pressure for ACS patients, and an increased likelihood of shoulder and upper back pain for non-ACS patients. Elevated IL-18 was associated with an increased likelihood of sweating in patients with ACS. Of the four TNF SNPs, three were associated with shortness of breath, lightheadedness, unusual fatigue, and arm pain. In all, protein cytokines and TNF polymorphisms were associated with 11 of 13 symptoms assessed. Future studies are needed to determine the predictive ability of cytokines and related SNPs for a diagnosis of ACS or to determine whether biomarkers can identify patients with specific symptom clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahereh Mirzaei
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Larisa Burke
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Susan Dunn
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Katherine Maki
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Holli A DeVon
- 1 College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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18
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Albert PR, Le François B, Vahid-Ansari F. Genetic, epigenetic and posttranscriptional mechanisms for treatment of major depression: the 5-HT1A receptor gene as a paradigm. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2019; 44:164-176. [PMID: 30807072 PMCID: PMC6488484 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.180209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression and anxiety are highly prevalent and involve chronic dysregulation of serotonin, but they remain poorly understood. Here, we review novel transcriptional (genetic, epigenetic) and posttranscriptional (microRNA, alternative splicing) mechanisms implicated in mental illness, focusing on a key serotonin-related regulator, the serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor. Functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms and stress-induced DNA methylation of the 5-HT1A promoter converge to differentially alter pre- and postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptor expression associated with major depression and reduced therapeutic response to serotonergic antidepressants. Major depression is also associated with altered levels of splice factors and microRNA, posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate RNA stability. The human 5-HT1A 3′-untranslated region is alternatively spliced, removing microRNA sites and increasing 5-HT1A expression, which is reduced in major depression and may be genotype-dependent. Thus, the 5-HT1A receptor gene illustrates the convergence of genetic, epigenetic and posttranscriptional mechanisms in gene expression, neurodevelopment and neuroplasticity, and major depression. Understanding gene regulatory mechanisms could enhance the detection, categorization and personalized treatment of major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Albert
- From the Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, UOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Canada
| | - Brice Le François
- From the Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, UOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Canada
| | - Faranak Vahid-Ansari
- From the Department of Neuroscience, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, UOttawa Brain and Mind Research Institute, Ottawa, Ont., Canada
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19
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Association Between IL7R Promoter Polymorphisms and Multiple Sclerosis in Turkish Population. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 67:38-47. [PMID: 30443838 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects myelin fibers within the central nervous system resulting in neurological impairment. Although the etiology of MS is not fully understood, environmental and genetic factors are thought to play important roles. IL7R gene polymorphisms which are associated with several autoimmune diseases have also been implicated as a genetic factor for MS following genome-wide association studies. To further examine this association, we investigated the association between MS and IL7R gene - 449 (A/G), - 504 (T/C), and - 1085 (G/T) promoter polymorphisms in Turkish population. Three hundred sixty-four MS patients and 191 healthy controls were involved in this study. Three polymorphic regions in the promoter of IL7R were identified and these regions were amplified by appropriate primers. The PCR products were digested by PstI enzyme for - 504 (T/C) SNP and HphI enzyme for - 1085 (G/T) and - 449 (A/G) SNPs and genotyping was done based on digested PCR product sizes. Genotype distributions and allele frequencies of - 449 polymorphism did not show any significant association with MS directly (p = 0.120 and p = 0.490, respectively). But the genotypes of IL7R - 449 GA for AOMS and AA for EOMS were a risk factor in according to age of onset (p = 0.002, OR = 4.021, 95% CI = 1.642-9.845). Furthermore, IL7R - 449 A allele was found to be a risk factor for EOMS (p = 0.011, OR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.107-1.527). Significant association was seen between IL7R - 504 TC heterozygote genotype and MS (p = 0.02, OR = 1.702, 95% CI = 1.169-2.478). The IL7R - 1085 (G/T) polymorphism did not show association with MS; however, the haplotype of ACG may be susceptibility to MS and RRMS (p = 0.035, OR = 1.349, 95% CI = 1.020-1.785, and p = 0.041, OR = 1.368, 95% CI = 1.012-1.850, respectively) and the haplotypes of ACG, ATT, and GTG demonstrate a protective effect in EOMS (p = 0.008, OR = 0.326, 95% CI = 0.136-0.782, p = 0.012 and p = 0.012, OR = 0.462, 95% CI = 0.249-0.859, respectively). RRMS frequency in the Turkish population was decreased and SPMS frequency was strongly increased based on comparison to results from other populations. Furthermore, male patients had an increased frequency of SPMS significantly (p = 0.033, OR = 1.667, 95% CI = 1.036-2.682). In conclusion, this is the first study to show a significant association between the IL7R promoter polymorphisms and the age of onset of MS.
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20
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Prasun P, Madan R, Puthuraya S, Subramanian D, Datta I, Kalra V, Thomas R, Stockton DW, Sundaram S, Callaghan J, Callaghan M, Chouthai N. Can Functional Polymorphisms in VEGF and MMP Predict Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Extremely Preterm Newborns? Dev Neurosci 2018; 40:337-343. [PMID: 30391947 DOI: 10.1159/000493788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is multifactorial. This study attempts to identify genetic and clinical factors contributing to IVH in newborns with a focus on those born ≤28 weeks of gestation. METHODS This was a prospective study of 382 consecutive newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. DNA purification was conducted using standard methods. TaqMan SNP assays were conducted for functional polymorphisms in VEGF (RS699947, RS2010963, RS3025039, and RS1570360) and MMP2 (RS243685 and RS2285053) genes. An RFLP assay was done for a polymorphism in MMP9 (RS3918242). RESULTS The GG genotype in VEGF RS1570360 (p = 0.013) and the CC genotype in VEGF RS699947 (p = 0.036) were associated with a lower incidence of IVH amongst newborns ≤28 weeks of gestation. Chorioamnionitis, Caucasian race, and patent ductus arteriosus were associated with a higher incidence of IVH. A binary logistic regression analysis of clinical and SNP data that was significant from bivariate analysis demonstrated that VEGF RS1570360 was significantly associated with IVH (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the GA/AA genotype in VEGF RS1570360 and the AA/AC genotype in VEGF RS699947 were associated with higher incidence rates of IVH in newborns ≤28 weeks of gestation. A future study is warranted to comprehensively examine VEGF polymorphisms in association with IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Prasun
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Raghav Madan
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Subhash Puthuraya
- Division of Neonatology, Cleveland Clinic Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Ishita Datta
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Vaneet Kalra
- Division of Neonatology, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Ronald Thomas
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - David W Stockton
- Division of Genetic, Genomic, and Metabolic Disorders, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Senthil Sundaram
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Joseph Callaghan
- Division of Accounting, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Callaghan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Nitin Chouthai
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, Michigan, USA,
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21
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Gueiros LA, Arão T, Souza T, Vieira CL, Gomez RS, Almeida OP, Lodi G, Leão JC. IL17A polymorphism and elevated IL17A serum levels are associated with oral lichen planus. Oral Dis 2017; 24:377-383. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LA Gueiros
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - T Arão
- Departamento de Cirurgia Oral e Patologia; Faculdade de Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - T Souza
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - CL Vieira
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
| | - RS Gomez
- Departamento de Cirurgia Oral e Patologia; Faculdade de Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - OP Almeida
- Área de Patologia; Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba; Universidade Estadual de Campinas; Piracicaba Brazil
| | - G Lodi
- Oral Medicine Unit; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche; Università degli Studi di Milano; Milan Italy
| | - JC Leão
- Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa de Laser em Odontologia - CEPLO; Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; Recife Brazil
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22
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Wang T, Yin J, Miller AH, Xiao C. A systematic review of the association between fatigue and genetic polymorphisms. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:230-244. [PMID: 28089639 PMCID: PMC5947855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatigue is one of the most common and distressing symptoms, leading to markedly decreased quality of life among a large subset of patients with a variety of disorders. Susceptibility to fatigue may be influenced by genetic factors including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), especially in the regulatory regions, of relevant genes. To further investigate the association of SNPs with fatigue in various patient populations, a systematic search was conducted on Pubmed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Sociological Abstracts Database for fatigue related-terms in combination with polymorphisms or genetic variation-related terms. Fifty papers in total met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this analysis. These 50 papers were further classified into three subgroups for evaluation: chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and other disease-related fatigue. SNPs in regulatory pathways of immune and neurotransmitter systems were found to play important roles in the etiologies of CFS, CRF and other disease-related fatigue. Evidence for associations between elevated fatigue and specific polymorphisms in TNFα, IL1b, IL4 and IL6 genes was revealed for all three subgroups of fatigue. We also found CFS shared a series of polymorphisms in HLA, IFN-γ, 5-HT and NR3C1 genes with other disease-related fatigue, however these SNPs (excluding IFN-γ) were not found to be adequately investigated in CRF. Gaps in knowledge related to fatigue etiology and recommendations for future research are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengteng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, United States; Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Division of Research, Oakland, CA, United States
| | - Andrew H Miller
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Canhua Xiao
- School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
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23
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Equipoise on the Use of Steroids in Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome? Pediatr Crit Care Med 2017; 18:378-379. [PMID: 28376001 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000001112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Musante L, Püttmann L, Kahrizi K, Garshasbi M, Hu H, Stehr H, Lipkowitz B, Otto S, Jensen LR, Tzschach A, Jamali P, Wienker T, Najmabadi H, Ropers HH, Kuss AW. Mutations of the aminoacyl-tRNA-synthetases SARS and WARS2 are implicated in the etiology of autosomal recessive intellectual disability. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:621-636. [PMID: 28236339 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is the hallmark of an extremely heterogeneous group of disorders that comprises a wide variety of syndromic and non-syndromic phenotypes. Here, we report on mutations in two aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that are associated with ID in two unrelated Iranian families. In the first family, we identified a homozygous missense mutation (c.514G>A, p.Asp172Asn) in the cytoplasmic seryl-tRNA synthetase (SARS) gene. The mutation affects the enzymatic core domain of the protein and impairs its enzymatic activity, probably leading to reduced cytoplasmic tRNASer concentrations. The mutant protein was predicted to be unstable, which could be substantiated by investigating ectopic mutant SARS in transfected HEK293T cells. In the second family, we found a compound heterozygous genotype of the mitochondrial tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS2) gene, comprising a nonsense mutation (c.325delA, p.Ser109Alafs*15), which very likely entails nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and a missense mutation (c.37T>G, p.Trp13Gly). The latter affects the mitochondrial localization signal of WARS2, causing protein mislocalization. Including AIMP1, which we have recently implicated in the etiology of ID, three genes with a role in tRNA-aminoacylation are now associated with this condition. We therefore suggest that the functional integrity of tRNAs in general is an important factor in the development and maintenance of human cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Musante
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucia Püttmann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kimia Kahrizi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hao Hu
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henning Stehr
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | | | - Sabine Otto
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lars R Jensen
- Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | - Thomas Wienker
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hossein Najmabadi
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Andreas W Kuss
- Department of Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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25
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Cimino S, Cerniglia L, Ballarotto G, Marzilli E, Pascale E, D'Addario C, Adriani W, Tambelli R. DNA Methylation at the DAT Promoter and Risk for Psychopathology: Intergenerational Transmission between School-Age Youths and Their Parents in a Community Sample. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:303. [PMID: 29375406 PMCID: PMC5767582 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of gene polymorphisms and promoter methylation, associated with maladaptive developmental outcomes, vary depending on environmental factors (e.g., parental psychopathology). Most studies have focused on 0- to 5-year-old children, adolescents, or adults, whereas there is dearth of research on school-age youths and pre-adolescents. METHODS In a sample of 21 families recruited at schools, we addressed parents' psychopathological symptoms (through SCL-90-R); offspring emotional-behavioral functioning (through CBCL-6-18); dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) for epigenetic status of the 5'-untranslated region (UTR) and for genotype, i.e., variable number of tandem repeats polymorphism at the 3'-UTR. Possible associations were explored between bio-genetic and psychological characteristics within the same individual and between triplets of children, mothers, and fathers. RESULTS DAT methylation of CpG at positions M1, M6, and M7 in mothers was correlated with maternal (phobic) anxiety, whereas in fathers' position M6 was related to paternal depression, anxiety, hostility, psychoticism, and higher Global Severity Index (GSI). No significant correlations were found between maternal and offspring DAT methylation. Significant correlations were found between fathers' methylation at CpG M1 and children's methylation at CpG M6. Linear regressions showed that mothers and fathers' GSI predicted children's methylation at CpG sites M2, M3, and M6, whereas fathers' GSI predicted children's methylation at CpG sites, particularly M1, M2, and M6. Moreover, offspring methylation of DAT at CpG M2 predicted somatic complaint, internalizing and attention problems; methylation of DAT at CpG M6 predicted withdraw. CONCLUSION This study may have important clinical implication for the prevention and treatment of emotional-behavioral difficulties in children, as it adds to previous knowledge about the role of genetic and environmental factors in predicting psychopathological symptoms within non-clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cimino
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cerniglia
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Ballarotto
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Eleonora Marzilli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Esterina Pascale
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio D'Addario
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Walter Adriani
- Faculty of Psychology, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy.,Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Renata Tambelli
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Influence of functional polymorphisms in DNA repair genes of myelodysplastic syndrome. Leuk Res 2016; 48:62-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Bühler KM, Giné E, Echeverry-Alzate V, Calleja-Conde J, de Fonseca FR, López-Moreno JA. Common single nucleotide variants underlying drug addiction: more than a decade of research. Addict Biol 2015; 20:845-71. [PMID: 25603899 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Drug-related phenotypes are common complex and highly heritable traits. In the last few years, candidate gene (CGAS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified a huge number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with drug use, abuse or dependence, mainly related to alcohol or nicotine. Nevertheless, few of these associations have been replicated in independent studies. The aim of this study was to provide a review of the SNPs that have been most significantly associated with alcohol-, nicotine-, cannabis- and cocaine-related phenotypes in humans between the years of 2000 and 2012. To this end, we selected CGAS, GWAS, family-based association and case-only studies published in peer-reviewed international scientific journals (using the PubMed/MEDLINE and Addiction GWAS Resource databases) in which a significant association was reported. A total of 371 studies fit the search criteria. We then filtered SNPs with at least one replication study and performed meta-analysis of the significance of the associations. SNPs in the alcohol metabolizing genes, in the cholinergic gene cluster CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4, and in the DRD2 and ANNK1 genes, are, to date, the most replicated and significant gene variants associated with alcohol- and nicotine-related phenotypes. In the case of cannabis and cocaine, a far fewer number of studies and replications have been reported, indicating either a need for further investigation or that the genetics of cannabis/cocaine addiction are more elusive. This review brings a global state-of-the-art vision of the behavioral genetics of addiction and collaborates on formulation of new hypothesis to guide future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kora-Mareen Bühler
- Department of Psychobiology; School of Psychology; Complutense University of Madrid; Málaga Spain
| | - Elena Giné
- Department of Cellular Biology; School of Medicine; Complutense University of Madrid; Málaga Spain
| | - Victor Echeverry-Alzate
- Department of Psychobiology; School of Psychology; Complutense University of Madrid; Málaga Spain
| | - Javier Calleja-Conde
- Department of Psychobiology; School of Psychology; Complutense University of Madrid; Málaga Spain
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28
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Rech GE, Sanz-Martín JM, Anisimova M, Sukno SA, Thon MR. Natural selection on coding and noncoding DNA sequences is associated with virulence genes in a plant pathogenic fungus. Genome Biol Evol 2014; 6:2368-79. [PMID: 25193312 PMCID: PMC4202328 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evu192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural selection leaves imprints on DNA, offering the opportunity to identify functionally important regions of the genome. Identifying the genomic regions affected by natural selection within pathogens can aid in the pursuit of effective strategies to control diseases. In this study, we analyzed genome-wide patterns of selection acting on different classes of sequences in a worldwide sample of eight strains of the model plant-pathogenic fungus Colletotrichum graminicola. We found evidence of selective sweeps, balancing selection, and positive selection affecting both protein-coding and noncoding DNA of pathogenicity-related sequences. Genes encoding putative effector proteins and secondary metabolite biosynthetic enzymes show evidence of positive selection acting on the coding sequence, consistent with an Arms Race model of evolution. The 5' untranslated regions (UTRs) of genes coding for effector proteins and genes upregulated during infection show an excess of high-frequency polymorphisms likely the consequence of balancing selection and consistent with the Red Queen hypothesis of evolution acting on these putative regulatory sequences. Based on the findings of this work, we propose that even though adaptive substitutions on coding sequences are important for proteins that interact directly with the host, polymorphisms in the regulatory sequences may confer flexibility of gene expression in the virulence processes of this important plant pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel E Rech
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Villamayor, Spain
| | - José M Sanz-Martín
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Villamayor, Spain
| | - Maria Anisimova
- Computer Science Department, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 6, Zürich, Switzerland Institute of Applied Simulation, Zürich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Serenella A Sukno
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Villamayor, Spain
| | - Michael R Thon
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Villamayor, Spain
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