1
|
Supti DA, Akter F, Rahman MI, Munim MA, Tonmoy MIQ, Tarin RJ, Afroz S, Reza HA, Yeasmin R, Alam MR, Hossain MS. Meta-analysis investigating the impact of the LEPR rs1137101 (A>G) polymorphism on obesity risk in Asian and Caucasian ethnicities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27213. [PMID: 38496879 PMCID: PMC10944198 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic condition which is identified by the buildup of excess body fat caused by a combination of various factors, including genetic predisposition and lifestyle choices. rs1137101 (A > G) polymorphism in the CHR1 domain of LEPR protein linked to different diseases including obesity. Nevertheless, the connection between this polymorphism and the likelihood of developing obesity has not been determined definitively. Therefore, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between rs1137101 and the risk of obesity. The meta-analysis included all studies meeting pre-defined criteria, found through searching databases up until February 2023. A combined odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was estimated as overall and in continent subgroups for homozygous, heterozygous, recessive, dominant and allelic models using the fixed or the random-effects model. The meta-analysis identified 39 eligible studies with cases and controls (6099 cases/6711 controls) in 38 articles under different ethnic backgrounds. The results indicated a significant relationship between rs1137101 and the likelihood of developing obesity in each of the genetic models [the homozygous model (GG vs. AA: 95% Confidence Interval = 1.12-1.73, Odds Ratio = 1.39, P value = 0.003); the heterozygous model (AG vs. AA: 95% Confidence Interval = 1.07-1.42, Odds Ratio = 1.23, P value = 0.005); the dominant model (AG/GG vs AA: 95% Confidence Interval = 1.10-1.49, Odds Ratio = 1.28, P value = 0.001); the recessive model (GG vs AA/AG: 95% Confidence Interval = 1.02-1.45, Odds Ratio = 1.21, P value = 0.03); and the allelic model (G vs A; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.07-1.33, Odds Ratio = 1.19, P value = 0.002)] tested. Additionally, with an FDR <0.05, all genotypic models demonstrated statistical significance. The association remained significant among subgroups of Asian and Caucasian populations, although analysis in some genetic models did not show a significant association. Begg's and Egger's tests did not show publication biases. In sensitivity analysis, one particular study was found to have an impact on the Recessive model's significance, but other models remained unaffected. The current meta-analysis found significant indications supporting the association between rs1137101 and obesity. To avail a deeper understanding of this association, future research should include large-scale studies conducted in diverse ethnic populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Akhter Supti
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Akter
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imranur Rahman
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Adnan Munim
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - Rabia Jahan Tarin
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sumaiya Afroz
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Hasan Al Reza
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Roksana Yeasmin
- Department of Biochemistry, Ibrahim Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Rahanur Alam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahadat Hossain
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manco L, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Padez C. Association study of common functional genetic polymorphisms in SLC6A4 (5-HTT) and MAOA genes with obesity in portuguese children. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1510-1515. [PMID: 32551914 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1779312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of polymorphisms in SLC6A4 and MAOA genes with obesity indices in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 637 Portuguese children (317 girls; 320 boys) aged 3-11 years-old were genotyped for the SLC6A4 polymorphisms, 5-HTTLPR and STin2, and for a MAOA VNTR. Polymorphisms were analysed by PCR-based methods. RESULTS Although non-significant (p = .089), our study revealed the Stin2 10 minor allele with a marked higher frequency in girls with overweight/obesity (0.466) in comparison with controls (0.376). Combining the two SLC6A4 polymorphisms, haplotype S/12 revealed in girls significant or nominally significant protective effects against BMI (β = -0.615; p = .009), BMI Z-score (β = -0.251; p = .006), WC (β = -1.4; p = .02) and WHtR (β = -0.008; p = .04). CONCLUSIONS We found some evidences for the role of SLC6A4 gene in measures of childhood obesity, mainly in girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Licínio Manco
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- High School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hwang IT, Kim M, Kim NY, Yoon JS, Lee HJ, Jeong HR, Shim YS, Kang MJ. Gene polymorphisms in leptin and its receptor and the response to growth hormone treatment in patients with idiopathic growth hormone deficiency. Endocr J 2021; 68:889-895. [PMID: 33762520 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej20-0788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationships between genetic polymorphisms of leptin/receptor genes and clinical/biochemical characteristics in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Ninety-three GHD children and 69 age-matched normal controls were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements, bone age, and laboratory test results were obtained. Polymorphisms in the LEP gene promoter locus (LEP-2548, rs7799039) and LEPR genes (K109R, rs1137100 and Q223R, rs1137101) were analyzed using PCR-RFLP. The serum leptin levels were measured using an ELISA kit. The median height and BMI z-scores of all GHD subjects were -2.20 and -0.26, respectively, and those of normal controls were -0.30 and -0.13, respectively. The serum leptin levels were similar between GHD subjects and normal controls (p = 0.537), but those were different between the complete GHD (6.97 ng/mL) and partial GHD (4.22 ng/mL) groups (p = 0.047). There were no differences in the genotypic distributions of LEP-2548, LEPR K109R, and Q223R between GHD subjects and normal controls. However, GHD subjects with the G allele at LEP-2548 showed higher IGF-1 (p = 0.047) and IGFBP-3 SDSs (p = 0.027) than GHD subjects with the A allele. GHD subjects with the G allele at LEPR Q223R showed lower stimulated GH levels (p = 0.023) and greater height gain after 1 year of GH treatment (p = 0.034) than GHD subjects with the A allele. In conclusion, leptin/leptin receptor genes are suggested to have the role of growth-related factors, which can affect various growth responses in children who share the same disease entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Il Tae Hwang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Mijin Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Young Kim
- Hallym Institute of Translational Genomics & Bioinformatics, Hallym University Medical Center, 11, Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seo Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwal Rim Jeong
- Department of Pediatrics, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, 31, Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Suk Shim
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University College of Medicine, 164, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jae Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University College of Medicine, 1, Hallymdaehak-gil, Chuncheon-si, Gangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Meng Y, Groth SW, Hodgkinson CA, Mariani TJ. Serotonin system genes contribute to the susceptibility to obesity in Black adolescents. Obes Sci Pract 2021; 7:441-449. [PMID: 34401202 PMCID: PMC8346375 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The importance of the central and peripheral serotonin systems in regulating energy balance and obesity development has been highlighted in animal models. Yet, the role of both serotonin systems has not been systematically assessed in humans. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of genes within both serotonin systems with obesity outcomes in black adolescents. METHODS African-American adolescents (n = 1052) whose mothers participated the Memphis New Mother's Study were assessed. In total, 110 polymorphisms mapped to 10 serotonin genes were examined for their associations with standardized body mass index (BMI-z) scores and waist circumferences using generalized estimating equation models. RESULTS Over 39% of adolescents were overweight or had obesity. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within TPH2, HTR3B, and SLC6A4, were significantly associated with BMI-z scores (p < 1.7 × 10-3). Two SNPs in TPH2 were nominally associated with waist circumferences. One SNP in HTR2C was associated with BMI-z scores (p = 0.001) and waist circumferences (p = 0.005) only in girls. Tissue-specific expression indicates that three identified genes are predominantly expressed in the brain. CONCLUSION The central serotonin system may play a key role in obesity development in black adolescents. Future studies are warranted to explore additional serotonin system genes and their potential obesogenic mechanisms in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- School of NursingUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Susan W. Groth
- School of NursingUniversity of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| | - Colin A. Hodgkinson
- Lab of NeurogeneticsDivision of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and AlcoholismRockvilleMarylandUSA
| | - Thomas J. Mariani
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Rochester Medical CenterRochesterNew YorkUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ohrt TK, Perez M, Liew J, Hernández JC, Yu KY. The influence of temperament on stress-induced emotional eating in children. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6:524-534. [PMID: 33082994 PMCID: PMC7556421 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Stress‐induced emotional eating is a risk factor for overweight and obesity. Previous research proposes both the human serotonin transporter gene (5‐HTTLPR) and child's reactive temperament are promising candidates to help explain individual differences in stress‐induced emotional eating and weight. Understanding the association between specific genotypes, reactive temperament factors, and stress‐induced emotional eating may inform the development of personalized and effective treatment for children who may be at risk for overweight and obesity. Objective The current study explored the conditional indirect effect of genetic and environmental susceptibility (i.e., the interaction between 5‐HTTLPR and reactive temperament) on weight (as measured by percent body fat) mediated by stress‐induced emotional eating. Method One hundred and forty‐seven children (4 to 6 years old; 50.3% female; 22.4% Hispanic), along with their primary caregiver, completed laboratory tasks and questionnaires that assessed the child's reactive temperament, stress‐induced emotional eating, and percent body fat. Results The interaction between 5‐HTTLPR and impulsivity as well as with negative affectivity significantly predicted percent body fat. The interaction between 5‐HTTLPR and impulsivity as well as with negative affectivity significantly predicted both total calorie consumption and rate of total calorie consumption. However, the mediation aspect of this statistical model was not supported. Conclusions Child reactive temperament is an important indicator of how children approach eating when stressed. Mental health providers may consider prescribing strategies to reduce emotional eating among children with the SL variant and moderate to high impulsivity as well as children with the LL variant and high negative affectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marisol Perez
- Department of PsychologyArizona State UniversityTempeArizonaUSA
| | - Jeffrey Liew
- Department of Educational PsychologyTexas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexasUSA
| | | | - Kimberly Yim Yu
- Department of PsychologyArizona State UniversityTempeArizonaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Galaviz-Hernández C, Lazalde-Ramos BP, Martínez-Cortés G, Rangel-Villalobos H, Martínez-Aguilar G, Leal-Ugarte E, Peralta-Leal V, González-Rentería S, Rodríguez-Moran M, Jaquez-Chairez F, Guerrero-Romero F, Sosa-Macías M. Association of the 5HTTLPR Polymorphism with Obesity in Mexican Women with High Native American Ancestry. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2020; 24:754-758. [PMID: 33050716 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: The 5HTT gene has been associated with obesity; this study aimed to determine the association between L- and S-alleles at the 5HTTLPR polymorphism with obesity in indigenous Mexican populations. Materials and Methods: A total of 362 individuals, 289 belonging to eight Native American (NA) groups; 40 Mexican mestizos; and 33 Caucasian Mennonites were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. High (≥90%) and low (<90%) NA ancestry was molecularly determined. A body mass index >30 kg/m2 was considered as obese. The L- and S-alleles of the 5HTTLPR locus were identified by PCR; the association between alleles and obesity was performed by logistic regression analysis. Results: A significantly lower prevalence of obesity (35%) was observed in participants from communities with high NA ancestry (p < 0.005). Under a dominant heritance model the L-allele was associated with obesity in women with high NA ancestry (odds ratio [OR] 7.27; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6-32.5; p = 0.009) but not in women with low NA ancestry (OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.3-2.2; p = 0.71); no association was observed in men. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the 5HTTLPR L-allele is a risk factor for developing obesity in Mexican women with high NA ancestry (≥90%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Blanca P Lazalde-Ramos
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología Biomédica, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Zacatecas, México
| | - Gabriela Martínez-Cortés
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCI-UdeG), Ocotlán, Mexico
| | - Héctor Rangel-Villalobos
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCI-UdeG), Ocotlán, Mexico
| | | | - Evelia Leal-Ugarte
- Departamento de Genética Aplicada a la Medicina, Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, H. Matamoros, México
| | - Valeria Peralta-Leal
- Departamento de Genética Aplicada a la Medicina, Facultad de Medicina e Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, H. Matamoros, México
| | | | | | | | | | - Martha Sosa-Macías
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Academia de Genómica, CIIDIR Unidad Durango, Durango, México
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fadda SM, Abdelaleem EA, Mohamed RA, Mansour HM, Doudar NA. Is leptin receptor gene (Gln223Arg) polymorphism associated with disease susceptibility and severity in patients of primary knee osteoarthritis? THE EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejr.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
8
|
Nesrine Z, Haithem H, Imen B, Fadoua N, Asma O, Fadhel NM, Ali B. Leptin and Leptin receptor polymorphisms, plasma Leptin levels and obesity in Tunisian volunteers. Int J Exp Pathol 2018; 99:121-130. [PMID: 29893028 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ that secretes a number of adipokines, like Leptin (LEP). The aim this study was to investigate the prevalence of single nucleotide polymorphisms in LEP gene (LEP 3'UTR A/C, -2548 G/A) and LEPR (K109R and Q223R) and their association with Leptin level and obesity. We recruited 169 non-obese (body mass index [BMI] = 24.51-3.69 kg/m2 ) and 160 obese (BMI = 36-4.78 kg/m2 ) patients. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, BMI was calculated, and Leptin level was measured by ELISA. Statistical analyses were performed by spss19.0. According to LEP 3'UTR A/C polymorphism, AC and CC genotype carriers had higher Leptin levels than AA genotype carriers, respectively, 31[0.05-148.8] (P = .008) vs 41[0.05-111.6] (P = .003). The K109R polymorphism was associated with obesity (P = .025) and seems to significantly decrease the LEP levels (P < .001). Concerning LEP G2548A polymorphism, our results showed that the OR of obesity associated with 2548 AA/GG was 1.87[1.106-2.78] P = .028 vs 1.41[1.035-1.85] P = .045 for 223AA/GG polymorphism. In our haplotype analysis, one haplotype seems to be the more protective and one other seems to be the highest risk to obesity. LEP 3'UTR A/C and LEPR K109R polymorphisms were associated with Leptin level and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zayani Nesrine
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hamdouni Haithem
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Boumaiza Imen
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Neffati Fadoua
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Monastir's University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Omezzine Asma
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Najjar Mohamed Fadhel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Monastir's University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Bouslama Ali
- Biochemistry Department, LR12SP11, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Bonnet G, Gómez-Abellán P, Vera B, Sánchez-Romera JF, Hernández-Martínez AM, Sookoian S, Pirola CJ, Garaulet M. Serotonin-transporter promoter polymorphism modulates the ability to control food intake: Effect on total weight loss. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28766852 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The biggest challenge for losing weight is the ability to control the amount of food eaten; the tendency to overeat is called disinhibition. Our aims were to determine whether (a) the SLC6A4-promoter variant (5-HTTLPR) relates to disinhibition; (b) this association could affect total weight-loss during a behavioral/dietary treatment for obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 2961 subjects attended voluntarily five weight-loss clinics; a subsample (n = 624) was recruited for SLC6A4 genotyping. Total weight-loss, emotional-eating-score and disinhibition-score were examined. We observed that: (a) the reduced ability to control food intake (disinhibition) is implicated in the impairment to lose weight; (b) SLC6A4-promoter variant is implicated in disinhibition. S carriers (low-expressing) of the SLC6A4-promoter variant had a lower inhibition capacity and showed more failure (1.6 times) to control the amount of food eaten than LL (p < 0.05); other factors such as eating while bored, overeating after work at night, or craving for specific foods were associated to the SLC6A4 genotype (p < 0.05); (c) The combination of disinhibition (high disinhibition) and genetics (S carrier) had a higher impact on total weight loss than each factor separately. CONCLUSIONS SLC6A4-promoter variant is associated with the ability to control food intake and interacts with emotional eating to modulate total weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Bonnet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Beatriz Vera
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Silvia Sookoian
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Hepatology, Institute of Medical Research, A. Lanari-IDIM, University of Buenos Aires-CONCET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Jose Pirola
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases, Institute of Medical Research, A. Lanari-IDIM, University of Buenos Aires-CONCET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Savino F, Sardo A, Montanari P, Galliano I, Di Stasio L, Bergallo M, Silvestro L. Polymorphisms in Lep and Lepr Genes in Infants: Correlation with Serum Leptin Values in the First 6 Months of Life. J Am Coll Nutr 2017. [PMID: 28628399 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2017.1318723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Because several studies indicate that polymorphisms in leptin (Lep) and leptin receptor (Lepr) genes play a central role in determining obesity, we analyzed 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Lep gene (Lep G2548A and A19G) and one in the Lepr gene (Lepr A668G) to verify the effect of the 3 SNPs on leptin concentrations in infancy. METHODS We enrolled 80 healthy Caucasian infants under 6 months of age, who were genotyped for the 3 SNPs with amplification refractory mutation system-mismatch amplification mutation assay (ARMS-MAMA) real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum leptin values were measured with a radioimmunoassay method. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS There were no significant differences between individually analyzed leptin polymorphisms Lep G2548A and A19G and serum leptin levels (p > 0.05). Because we found that Lep G2548A and A19G are in linkage disequilibrium on chromosome 7, we performed the haplotype analysis for Lep G2548A and Lep A19G. We obtained higher serum leptin levels in infants with the GG/GG haplotype (p < 0.05). Regarding receptor, we found higher leptin levels in GG-genotype infants for Lepr A668G (p < 0.001). Considering the 3 SNPs together, we found higher serum leptin values in GG/GG-GG infants (LepG2548A/A19G-Lepr A668G; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION We obtained higher serum leptin levels in infants with the GG genotype for Lepr A668G, with haplotype GG/GG for Lep G2548A/A19G, and with GG/GG-GG (LepG2548A/A19G-Lepr A668G); thus, it seems that the genotype GG could be a protector against obesity development in infancy and adulthood. Moreover, these data confirm that not variations in the Lep gene as well as in the Lepr gene could play a role in weight gain. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of genetics and the environment in a predisposition toward obesity later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Savino
- a Department of Pediatrics , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Allegra Sardo
- a Department of Pediatrics , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Paola Montanari
- b Dipartimento delle Scienze di Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche , Università degli Studi di Torino, Scuola di Medicina , Turin , Italy
| | - Ilaria Galliano
- b Dipartimento delle Scienze di Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche , Università degli Studi di Torino, Scuola di Medicina , Turin , Italy
| | - Liliana Di Stasio
- c Department of Agricultural , Forest and Food Science, University of Torino , Turin , Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bergallo
- b Dipartimento delle Scienze di Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche , Università degli Studi di Torino, Scuola di Medicina , Turin , Italy
| | - Leandra Silvestro
- b Dipartimento delle Scienze di Sanità Pubblica e Pediatriche , Università degli Studi di Torino, Scuola di Medicina , Turin , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Say YH. The association of insertions/deletions (INDELs) and variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) with obesity and its related traits and complications. J Physiol Anthropol 2017; 36:25. [PMID: 28615046 PMCID: PMC5471687 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-017-0142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the fact that insertions/deletions (INDELs) are the second most common type of genetic variations and variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) represent a large portion of the human genome, they have received far less attention than single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and larger forms of structural variation like copy number variations (CNVs), especially in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of complex diseases like polygenic obesity. This is exemplified by the vast amount of review papers on the role of SNPs and CNVs in obesity, its related traits (like anthropometric measurements, biochemical variables, and eating behavior), and its related complications (like hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, and insulin resistance-collectively known as metabolic syndrome). Hence, this paper reviews the types of INDELs and VNTRs that have been studied for association with obesity and its related traits and complications. These INDELs and VNTRs could be found in the obesity loci or genes from the earliest GWAS and candidate gene association studies, like FTO, genes in the leptin-proopiomelanocortin pathway, and UCP2/3. Given the important role of the brain serotonergic and dopaminergic reward system in obesity susceptibility, the association of INDELs and VNTRs in these neurotransmitters' metabolism and transport genes with obesity is also reviewed. Next, the role of INS VNTR in obesity and its related traits is questionable, since recent large-scale studies failed to replicate the earlier positive associations. As obesity results in chronic low-grade inflammation of the adipose tissue, the proinflammatory cytokine gene IL1RA and anti-inflammatory cytokine gene IL4 have VNTRs that are implicated in obesity. A systemic proinflammatory state in combination with activation of the renin-angiotensin system and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability as found in obesity leads to endothelial dysfunction. This explains why VNTR and INDEL in eNOS and ACE, respectively, could be predisposing factors of obesity. Finally, two novel genes, DOCK5 and PER3, which are involved in the regulation of the Akt/MAPK pathway and circadian rhythm, respectively, have VNTRs and INDEL that might be associated with obesity. SHORT CONCLUSION In conclusion, INDELs and VNTRs could have important functional consequences in the pathophysiology of obesity, and research on them should be continued to facilitate obesity prediction, prevention, and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yee-How Say
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) Kampar Campus, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900, Kampar, Perak, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zayani N, Omezzine A, Boumaiza I, Achour O, Rebhi L, Rejeb J, Ben Rejeb N, Ben Abdelaziz A, Bouslama A. Association of ADIPOQ, leptin, LEPR, and resistin polymorphisms with obesity parameters in Hammam Sousse Sahloul Heart Study. J Clin Lab Anal 2017; 31. [PMID: 28195351 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue is an important endocrine organ that secretes a number of adipokines, such as adiponectin (ADIPOQ), leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), and resistin (RETN) which may be implicated in obesity. Some adipokines' polymorphisms of genes might influence their concentrations and/or activities. Our aim was to study the relationship between seven SNPs in ADIPOQ (+45T<G (rs2241766); +276G<T (rs1501299); -4255C<T (rs822393); -395G<T (rs17366568)), LEP (2548G<A (rs7799039)), LEPR (223Q<R (rs1137101)), and RETN (-420C<G (rs1862513)) and obesity in Hammam Sousse Sahloul Heart Study (HSHS). METHODS The study, carried out between February and June 2009, is mainly focused on 1121 respondents in HSHS which is a population-based epidemiological study of type "community-based" on cardiovascular risk. Genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Serum lipids and anthropometric parameters were measured. Statistic analysis was performed on SPSSv19. RESULTS The polymorphisms of ADIPOQ 4522C<T and 276G<T, LEP 2548G<A, and RETN 420C<G seem to contribute to obesity. In fact, adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of obesity associated with mutated genotypes of each polymorphism were respectively OR=1.38, P=.037; OR=0.608, P<.001; OR=2.23, P=.034; and OR=2.18, P<.001. The 276G<T, 4522C<T, and 420C<G were associated with increased BMI (P=.010, P=.028, and P<.001). A significant association was found between the 276G<T; 4522C<T, LEP 2548G<A and 420C<G, and the waist circumference and hip measurements. CONCLUSION ADIPOQ, LEP, and RETN gene polymorphisms were associated with obesity parameters in HSHS population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Zayani
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Asma Omezzine
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Imen Boumaiza
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Ons Achour
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Lamia Rebhi
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Jihen Rejeb
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nabila Ben Rejeb
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| | | | - Ali Bouslama
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mărginean C, Mărginean CO, Iancu M, Meliţ LE, Tripon F, Bănescu C. The FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101 mothers-newborns gene polymorphisms and maternal fat mass index effects on anthropometric characteristics in newborns: A cross-sectional study on mothers-newborns gene polymorphisms-The FTO-LEPR Study (STROBE-compliant article). Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e5551. [PMID: 27930556 PMCID: PMC5266028 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the impact of mothers' and newborns' fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) rs9939609 and leptin receptor (LEPR) rs1137101 gene polymorphisms on neonatal anthropometric parameters in order to identify a potential risk for developing obesity.We performed a cross-sectional study on 355 mother-newborn couples in an Obstetrics Gynecology Tertiary Hospital from Romania, evaluated with regard to anthropometric parameters, clinical and laboratory parameters besides 2 genetic polymorphisms (FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101).Newborns with mothers carrying variant AT or AA genotype for FTO rs9939609 presented lower BMI (P = 0.012) and lower MUAC (P = 0.029). There was a significant interaction effect between newborn and mother LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism on birth weight (P = 0.009) and BMI (P = 0.007). We noticed significantly increased birth weight and BMI in newborns carriers of AG + GG genotype, coming from mothers with AA genotype (P = 0.006). There was no evidence of significant interaction effect between newborn and mother FTO rs9939609 polymorphism on the studied anthropometrical data (P > 0.05). In addition, lower BMI scores (P = 0.042) were observed in newborns carriers of TT genotype whose mothers had AA + AT genotype. Lower MUAC scores (P = 0.041) were noticed in newborns carriers of AA + AT genotype whose mothers had AA + AT genotype for FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphism. Newborns carriers of the AG + GG genotype (P = 0.003) of LEPR rs1137101 coming from mothers with increased FMI (upper tertile) had significantly increased BMIs.Presence of the variant A allele of FTO rs9939609 polymorphism in mothers decreased BMI and MUAC in newborns. The impact of LEPR rs1137101 polymorphism on BMI and birth weight in newborns differed depending on the presence/absence of the dominant LEPR allele in mothers. In addition, we noticed that maternal FMI presented a significant positive effect on newborns' BMI by changing the effect of LEPR rs1137101.We can conclude that mothers' FTO rs9939609 and LEPR rs1137101 gene polymorphisms presented an impact on birth weight and newborns' BMI, therefore being involved in the newborns' nutritional status and in the design of a potential protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu Mărginean
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş
| | | | - Mihaela Iancu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj Napoca, Cluj Napoca
| | - Lorena Elena Meliţ
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş
| | - Florin Tripon
- Department of Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Claudia Bănescu
- Department of Genetics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li K, Liu Y, Venners SA, Hsu YH, Jiang S, Weinstock J, Sun Y, Wang B, Xu X. Effects of LEP G2548A and LEPR Q223R Polymorphisms on Serum Lipids and Response to Simvastatin Treatment in Chinese Patients With Primary Hyperlipidemia. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2016; 23:336-344. [DOI: 10.1177/1076029616638504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate whether LEP G2548A and LEPR Q223R polymorphisms influence serum lipid levels and whether the 2 polymorphisms affect the efficacy of simvastatin treatment in Chinese patients with primary hyperlipidemia. Methods: We used an extreme sampling approach by selecting 212 individuals from the top and bottom 15% of adjusted lipid-lowering response residuals to simvastatin (n = 106 in each group of good or bad response) from a total of 734 samples with primary hyperlipidemia. They were treated with simvastatin orally 20 mg/d. Fasting serum lipids were measured at baseline and after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment. Genotyping was carried out using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: More patients in the good response group (27%) had LEPR Q223R than in the bad response group (16%, P = .046). Secondary stratified analyses showed that patients carrying the RR genotype of the LEPR Q223R gene had significantly higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than those with the QR genotype at baseline ( P = .034) among good responders. After 29 consecutive days of treatment with simvastatin, patients carrying the RR genotype had a significantly larger decrease in triglycerides (change: −0.74 ± 0.92, P = .036) and total cholesterol levels (change: −1.77 ± 0.68, P = .023) compared with those carrying QR genotype among bad responders. After Bonferroni correction, the results were not statistically significant. Conclusion: LEPR Q223R polymorphism, but not LEP G2548A, could modulate the efficacy of simvastatin in Chinese patients with primary hyperlipidemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Scott A. Venners
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yi-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute for Aging Research, HSL and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shanqun Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Justin Weinstock
- Department of Statistics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Yiyang Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiping Xu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mărginean CO, Mărginean C, Voidăzan S, Meliţ L, Crauciuc A, Duicu C, Bănescu C. Correlations Between Leptin Gene Polymorphisms 223 A/G, 1019 G/A, 492 G/C, 976 C/A, and Anthropometrical and Biochemical Parameters in Children With Obesity: A Prospective Case-Control Study in a Romanian Population-The Nutrichild Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3115. [PMID: 27015185 PMCID: PMC4998380 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish the manner in which the LEPR 223, 1019, 492, and 976 gene polymorphisms influence child obesity.We performed a prospective case-control study on 264 hospitalized children from Romania (Nutrichild study) whom we divided into 2 groups: Group I -143 controls and Group II-121 obese children.The 2 groups were evaluated regarding the anthropometry (MUAC, TST, H/L, hip, and abdominal circumference), paraclinical results (protein, leptin, adiponectin, TNF alfa, IL 6, IL 8, VEGF, protein, albumin) and LEPR 223, 1019, 492, and 976 gene polymorphisms. We noticed that the most frequent genotypes in obese children were AG+GG for LEPR 223 gene (P = 0.0001) and GA+AA for LEPR 1019 gene (P = 0.0001), whereas LEPR 492 and LEPR 976 gene polymorphisms did not correlate with obesity. MUAC, TST, H/L, leptin, and adiponectin were correlated with the GG genotype of the LEPR 223 gene, whereas the AG genotype correlated with TNF alpha and serum IL 8. Hip and abdominal perimeters were higher in LEPR 1019 AA genotype carriers, whereas TNF alpha and IL 6 correlated with the GG genotype of the same gene. Obesity did not correlate with protein serum levels.We observed that obesity is more frequent in children with LEPR 223 AG+GG and LEPR 1019 GA+AA genotypes. In obese children LEPR 223/492/1019 AG/GG/GA, GG/GG/GA and AA/GG/GA combined genotypes are more frequent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mărginean
- From the Department of Pediatrics (COM, LM, CD); Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (CM); Department of Epidemiology (SV); and Department of Genetics (AC, CB), University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dias H, Muc M, Padez C, Manco L. Association of polymorphisms in 5-HTT (SLC6A4) and MAOA genes with measures of obesity in young adults of Portuguese origin. Arch Physiol Biochem 2016; 122:8-13. [PMID: 26698543 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2015.1111390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of polymorphisms in SLC6A4 and MAOA genes with overweight (including obesity). MATERIAL AND METHODS Young adults (n = 535) of Portuguese origin were genotyped for the SLC6A4 polymorphisms 5-HTTLPR and STin2 and a MAOA VNTR. BMI and body fat percentage were measured and a questionnaire was used to assess individual's sport practicing habits. RESULTS In whole study sample, haplotype-based analysis revealed significant association with overweight/obesity for the individual 5-HTTLPR/Stin2 haplotype L10 (p = 0.04). In men, the MAOA 3R genotype was nominally associated with body fat (p = 0.04). In inactive individuals, overweight/obesity was found significantly associated with 5-HTTLPR L-allele (p = 0.01) and nominally associated with STin2 10-allele (p = 0.03). A significant association was also found testing for all haplotype effects (χ(2 )= 8.7; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS We found some evidences for the association of SLC6A4 and MAOA genes with measures of obesity. Our results suggest physical inactivity accentuates the influence of SLC6A4 polymorphisms on obesity risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Dias
- a Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences , University of Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Magdalena Muc
- a Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences , University of Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Cristina Padez
- a Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences , University of Coimbra , Portugal
| | - Licínio Manco
- a Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences , University of Coimbra , Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Motawi T, Salman T, Shaker O, Abdelhamid A. Association of polymorphism in adiponectin (+45 T/G) and leptin (-2548 G/A) genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus in male Egyptians. Arch Med Sci 2015; 11:937-44. [PMID: 26528333 PMCID: PMC4624740 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2015.54848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein with insulin-sensitizing properties. Many investigators have explored the association between adiponectin single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in different ethnic populations from different regions. Leptin is a protein hormone constituting an important signal in the regulation of adipose tissue mass and body weight. The aim of this study was to explore potential associations between SNP +45 T>G of the adiponectin gene and SNP 2548G/A of leptin with T2DM and the effect of SNPs on serum adiponectin and leptin levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS From the Egyptian population, we enrolled 110 T2DM patients and 90 non-diabetic controls. Serum lipid profile, blood glucose, serum adiponectin, and leptin were measured. Genotyping for two common SNPs of the adiponectin and leptin genes was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The G allele and TG/GG genotype of SNP 45 occurred more frequently than the T allele and TT genotype in T2DM patients compares to the controls. Subjects with the GG + TG genotype of SNP 45 were at increased risk for T2DM (OR = 6.476; 95% CI: 3.401-12.33) and associated with a low serum adiponectin level compared with the TT genotype. The serum leptin concentration of GA + AA genotype carriers was not significantly different from that of the GG genotype in the diabetic group. CONCLUSIONS The G allele carriers who have reduced plasma concentrations of adiponectin may have an association with T2DM, while leptin SNP 2548 G/A is not associated with the risk of development of T2DM in the Egyptian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Motawi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek Salman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat Shaker
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Uzun M, Saglar E, Kucukyildirim S, Erdem B, Unlu H, Mergen H. Association of VNTR polymorphisms in DRD4, 5-HTT and DAT1 genes with obesity. Arch Physiol Biochem 2015; 121:75-9. [PMID: 25687785 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2014.985686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between VNTR polymorphisms of DRD4, DAT1 and 5-HTT genes and obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood samples of 234 obese (BMI ≥ 30) and 148 healthy individuals (BMI ≤ 25) were objected to PCR to detect the VNTR of the 2nd intron of 5-HTT, 3rd exon of DRD4 and 3'UTR of DAT1 genes. RESULTS The association between obesity and genotype distributions of 5-HTT, DAT1 and DRD4 genes and between obesity and distributions of allele frequencies were tested by Chi Square (χ(2)) test and were not found statistically significant. BMI values for genotype of obese and morbidly obese (BMI > 40) individuals were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and not found statistically significant differences between BMI values for the most frequent genotypes of 5-HTT, DAT1 and DRD4 genes. CONCLUSIONS As a conclusion, there was no association between 5-HTT, DAT1 and DRD4 genes VNTR polymorphisms and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Uzun
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, 06800, Beytepe , Ankara , Turkey and
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bieliński M, Tomaszewska M, Jaracz M, Pulkowska-Ulfig J, Długosz D, Sikora M, Tretyn A, Kamińska A, Junik R, Borkowska A. The polymorphisms in serotonin-related genes (5-HT₂A and SERT) and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in obese patients. Neurosci Lett 2015; 586:31-5. [PMID: 25486590 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As overweight and obesity are a growing problem in industrialized societies, they become a main focus of many studies. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is an association between the occurrence of polymorphisms in serotonin-related genes and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in obese patients. Two polymorphisms were tested: a 44-bp insertion/deletion in the serotonin transporter (SERT) gene and a single-nucleotide variation (1438G/A) in the serotonin 2A receptor (5-HT2A) gene. The study involved 180 patients (41 men; 139 women) previously diagnosed as obese. All patients were subjected to clinical, biochemical, and neuropsychological evaluation and genotyping. Amplification of the gene fragments was obtained by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Products of the genotyping were separated via electrophoresis. The intensity of depressive symptoms was measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D). Clinically relevant depressive symptoms were diagnosed in 39% of subjects. The lowest intensities of depressive symptoms were ascertained in the group with the least advanced obesity, but this trend was statistically insignificant. Small differences were observed in obesity indicators among three groups of patients with various genotypes of the SERT gene, but these differences were also statistically insignificant. Furthermore, in the context of the intensity of depressive symptoms, no significant associations were observed in these two groups. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were observed among specific obesity parameters and intensity of depressive symptoms as a function of the 5-HT2A gene polymorphism. To conclude, depressive symptoms were prevalent in obese participants: 39% of subjects experienced symptoms of clinical relevance. However, no significant associations were observed between 5-HT2A and SERT gene polymorphisms and depressive symptoms in this study group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Bieliński
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Bydgoszcz, Poland; Jan Biziel's University Hospital, Division of Vascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Marta Tomaszewska
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcin Jaracz
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Joanna Pulkowska-Ulfig
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dominika Długosz
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcin Sikora
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Biotechnology, Toruń, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Biotechnology, Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Kamińska
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Roman Junik
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Borkowska
- Collegium Medicum of Nicolaus Copernicus University, Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ahles A, Engelhardt S. Polymorphic Variants of Adrenoceptors: Pharmacology, Physiology, and Role in Disease. Pharmacol Rev 2014; 66:598-637. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.113.008219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
|
21
|
Psychosocial state after bariatric surgery is associated with the serotonin-transporter promoter polymorphism. Eat Weight Disord 2013; 18:311-6. [PMID: 23835931 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-013-0045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is the method of choice in the treatment of morbid obesity. Different genotypes of the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT) are known to impact the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and the psychosocial state in obese individuals. In this study, we examined the influence of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism on physiologic and psychosocial measures in morbidly obese women after bariatric surgery. METHODS We investigated women 1-5 years after bariatric surgery using a semi-structured interview and the Beck Depression Inventory, the Moorhead-Ardelt Quality of life questionnaire, the NEO-Five Factor Inventory and a Resilience scale. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (s/s, s/l, l/l) was genotyped using mouth swabs. The influence of genotype on outcome variables was analyzed by independent t test and analysis of covariance corrected for possible confounders. RESULTS 64 women were enrolled in this study between January 2004 and September 2009. Significantly lower quality of life and higher depression, neuroticism and resilience scores were found in homozygous s-allele carriers of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism than in l-allele carriers. Except for neuroticism, other factors (age, education, year of surgery, weight before surgery and method of surgery) did not affect the results. We found no influence of genotype on weight loss, current weight or weight before surgery. CONCLUSION Quality of life, mood, and resilience but not weight loss after bariatric surgery are negatively influenced by the s-allele of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism.
Collapse
|
22
|
Becer E, Mehmetçik G, Bareke H, Serakıncı N. Association of leptin receptor gene Q223R polymorphism on lipid profiles in comparison study between obese and non-obese subjects. Gene 2013; 529:16-20. [PMID: 23954230 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipocytes. It regulates metabolism and energy homeostasis through the leptin receptor (LEPR) which is localized centrally in hypothalamus as well as in peripheral tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of leptin receptor gene Q223R polymorphism on obesity in association with body mass index (BMI), lipid parameters, plasma leptin levels and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). DESIGN AND METHODS The study included 110 obese and 90 non-obese subjects. The LEPR Q223R polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Plasma leptin levels, serum lipid and antropometric parameters were measured. RESULTS No association was found between LEPR gene Q223R polymorphism and BMI in both study and control groups. Strikingly study group with non-obese subjects and with the RR genotype (homozygous mutant) had significantly higher serum total cholesterol (p<0.001) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) levels (p<0.05) than QR (heterozygous) and QQ (wild type) genotypes. In obese group, subjects with the RR genotypes had significantly higher triglycerides (p<0.05) levels, waist (p<0.05) and hip circumferences (p<0.001) than the QQ and QR genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the LEPR gene Q223R polymorphism has an association with waist and hip circumferences in obese group but no direct association with obesity although there is a significant influence on lipid profile both in obese and non-obese subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Becer
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chen C, Chen W, Chen C, Moyzis R, He Q, Lei X, Li J, Wang Y, Liu B, Xiu D, Zhu B, Dong Q. Genetic variations in the serotoninergic system contribute to body-mass index in Chinese adolescents. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58717. [PMID: 23554917 PMCID: PMC3598805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity has become a worldwide health problem in the past decades. Human and animal studies have implicated serotonin in appetite regulation, and behavior genetic studies have shown that body mass index (BMI) has a strong genetic component. However, the roles of genes related to the serotoninergic (5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT) system in obesity/BMI are not well understood, especially in Chinese subjects. SUBJECTS AND DESIGN With a sample of 478 healthy Chinese volunteers, this study investigated the relation between BMI and genetic variations of the serotoninergic system as characterized by 136 representative polymorphisms. We used a system-level approach to identify SNPs associated with BMI, then estimated their overall contribution to BMI by multiple regression and verified it by permutation. RESULTS We identified 12 SNPs that made statistically significant contributions to BMI. After controlling for gender and age, four of these SNPs accounted for 7.7% additional variance of BMI. Permutation analysis showed that the probability of obtaining these findings by chance was low (p = 0.015, permuted for 1000 times). CONCLUSION These results showed that genetic variations in the serotoninergic system made a moderate contribution to individual differences in BMI among a healthy Chinese sample, suggesting that a similar approach can be used to study obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chuansheng Chen
- Department of Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Robert Moyzis
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Qinghua He
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xuemei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Daiming Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Bi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Dias NF, Fernandes AE, Melo MED, Reinhardt HL, Cercato C, Villares SMF, Halpern A, Mancini MC. Lack of mutations in the leptin receptor gene in severely obese children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 56:178-83. [PMID: 22666733 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302012000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the LEPR gene in obese children and to investigate the associations between molecular findings and anthropometric and metabolic features. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty-two patients were evaluated regarding anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, heart rate, serum glucose, insulin, leptin levels, and lipid profile. The molecular study consisted of the amplification and automatic sequencing of the coding region of LEPR in order to investigate new mutations. RESULTS We identified a high prevalence of metabolic disorders: impaired fasting glucose in 12.5% of the patients, elevated HOMA-IR in 85.7%, low HDL-cholesterol levels in 46.9%, high triglyceride levels in 40.6%, and hypertension in 58.6% of the patients. The molecular study identified 6 already described allelic variants: rs1137100 (exon-2), rs1137101 (exon-4), rs1805134 (exon-7), rs8179183 (exon-12), rs1805096 (exon-18), and the deletion/insertion of the pentanucleotide CTTTA at 3'untranslated region. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of alleles observed in this cohort is similar to that described in the literature, and was not correlated with any clinical feature. The molecular findings in the analysis of the LEPR did not seem to be implicated in the etiology of obesity in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Favoretto Dias
- Liga de Obesidade Infantil, Disciplina de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huuskonen A, Lappalainen J, Oksala N, Santtila M, Häkkinen K, Kyröläinen H, Atalay M. Aerobic fitness does not modify the effect of FTO variation on body composition traits. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51635. [PMID: 23284729 PMCID: PMC3524224 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Poor physical fitness and obesity are risk factors for all cause morbidity and mortality. We aimed to clarify whether common genetic variants of key energy intake determinants in leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), and fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) are associated with aerobic and neuromuscular performance, and whether aerobic fitness can alter the effect of these genotypes on body composition. METHODS 846 healthy Finnish males of Caucasian origin were genotyped for FTO (rs8050136), LEP (rs7799039) and LEPR (rs8179183 and rs1137101) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and studied for associations with maximal oxygen consumption, body fat percent, serum leptin levels, waist circumference and maximal force of leg extensor muscles. RESULTS Genotype AA of the FTO SNP rs8050136 associated with higher BMI and greater waist circumference compared to the genotype CC. In general linear model, no significant interaction for FTO genotype-relative VO(2)max (mL·kg(-1)·min(-1)) or FTO genotype-absolute VO(2)max (L·min(-1)) on BMI or waist circumference was found. Main effects of aerobic performance on body composition traits were significant (p<0.001). Logistic regression modelling found no significant interaction between aerobic fitness and FTO genotype. LEP SNP rs7799039, LEPR SNPs rs8179183 and rs1137101 did not associate with any of the measured variables, and no significant interactions of LEP or LEPR genotype with aerobic fitness were observed. In addition, none of the studied SNPs associated with aerobic or neuromuscular performance. CONCLUSIONS Aerobic fitness may not modify the effect of FTO variation on body composition traits. However, relative aerobic capacity associates with lower BMI and waist circumference regardless of the FTO genotype. FTO, LEP and LEPR genotypes unlikely associate with physical performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antti Huuskonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Physiology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yu Z, Han S, Cao X, Zhu C, Wang X, Guo X. Genetic polymorphisms in adipokine genes and the risk of obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2012; 20:396-406. [PMID: 21660081 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2011.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphisms in adipokine genes, such as leptin (LEP), leptin receptor (LEPR), resistin (RETN), adiponectin (ADIPOQ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) may be involved in the development of obesity. We conducted a systematic review of published evidence on the association between different adipokine genes and the risk of obesity. Librarian-designed searches of PubMed and HuGeNet, review of reference lists from published reviews and content expert advice identified potentially eligible studies. The genotyping information and polymorphisms of different adipokine genes, numbers of genotyped cases and controls and frequencies of genotypes were extracted from 48 eligible studies included in this review. Twenty-one polymorphisms each associated with obesity in at least one study were identified. Polymorphisms in the adipokine genes, LEP, LEPR, and RETN were not associated with obesity susceptibility, whereas ADIPOQ G276T (T vs. G: odds ratio (OR), 1.59; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.39-1.81), IL-1β C3953T (CC vs. CT+TT: OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.18-2.20), and TNF-α G308A (GG vs. GA+AA: OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39) polymorphisms were associated with an increased risk of obesity. The IL-6 G174C polymorphism was also associated obesity when using allelic comparisons, the recessive genetic model and the dominant genetic model with OR (95% CI) of 1.95 (1.37-2.77), 1.44 (1.15-1.80), and 1.36 (1.16-1.59), respectively. No significant evidence of publication bias was present. However, these "null" results were underpowered due to a small pooled sample size, and analysis of additional case-control studies with larger sample sizes should provide further clarifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangbin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Promoter methylation of serotonin transporter gene is associated with obesity measures: a monozygotic twin study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2012; 37:140-5. [PMID: 22290534 PMCID: PMC3539149 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2012.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly being recognized as an important factor for obesity. The serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) has a critical role in regulating food intake, body weight and energy balance. This study examines the potential association between SLC6A4 promoter methylation and obesity measures in a monozygotic (MZ) twin sample. Methods: We studied 84 MZ twin pairs drawn from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry. Obesity measures include body mass index (BMI), body weight, waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). The SLC6A4 promoter methylation profile in peripheral blood leukocytes was quantified by bisulfite pyrosequencing. The association between methylation variation and obesity parameters was examined by mixed-model regression and matched pair analysis, adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity and total daily energy intake. Multiple testing was controlled using the adjusted false discovery rate (q-value). Results: Mean methylation level was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.29; P=0.0002), body weight (r=0.31; P<0.0001) and WC (r=0.20; P=0.009), but not WHR. Intra-pair differences in mean methylation were significantly correlated with intra-pair differences in BMI, body weight and WC, but not WHR. On average, a 1% increase in mean methylation was associated with 0.33 kg m−2 increase in BMI (95% CI: 0.02–0.65; P=0.03), 1.16 kg increase in body weight (95% CI, 0.16–2.16; P=0.02) and 0.78 cm increase in WC (95% CI, 0.05–1.50; P=0.03) after controlling for potential confounders. Conclusions: SLC6A4 promoter hypermethylation is significantly associated with an increased prevalence of obesity within a MZ twin study.
Collapse
|
28
|
Bender N, Allemann N, Marek D, Vollenweider P, Waeber G, Mooser V, Egger M, Bochud M. Association between variants of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR) and overweight: a systematic review and an analysis of the CoLaus study. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26157. [PMID: 22028824 PMCID: PMC3196514 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (Q223R, K109R and K656N) of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR) have been tested for association with obesity-related outcomes in multiple studies, showing inconclusive results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association of the three LEPR variants with BMI. In addition, we analysed 15 SNPs within the LEPR gene in the CoLaus study, assessing the interaction of the variants with sex. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We searched electronic databases, including population-based studies that investigated the association between LEPR variants Q223R, K109R and K656N and obesity- related phenotypes in healthy, unrelated subjects. We furthermore performed meta-analyses of the genotype and allele frequencies in case-control studies. Results were stratified by SNP and by potential effect modifiers. CoLaus data were analysed by logistic and linear regressions and tested for interaction with sex. The meta-analysis of published data did not show an overall association between any of the tested LEPR variants and overweight. However, the choice of a BMI cut-off value to distinguish cases from controls was crucial to explain heterogeneity in Q223R. Differences in allele frequencies across ethnic groups are compatible with natural selection of derived alleles in Q223R and K109R and of the ancient allele in K656N in Asians. In CoLaus, the rs10128072, rs3790438 and rs3790437 variants showed interaction with sex for their association with overweight, waist circumference and fat mass in linear regressions. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic review and analysis of primary data from the CoLaus study did not show an overall association between LEPR SNPs and overweight. Most studies were underpowered to detect small effect sizes. A potential effect modification by sex, population stratification, as well as the role of natural selection should be addressed in future genetic association studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bender
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zaina S, Pérez-Luque EL, Lund G. Genetics talks to epigenetics? The interplay between sequence variants and chromatin structure. Curr Genomics 2011; 11:359-67. [PMID: 21286314 PMCID: PMC2945002 DOI: 10.2174/138920210791616662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Revised: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription is regulated by two major mechanisms. On the one hand, changes in DNA sequence are responsible for genetic gene regulation. On the other hand, chromatin structure regulates gene activity at the epigenetic level. Given the fundamental participation of these mechanisms in transcriptional regulation of virtually any gene, they are likely to co-regulate a significant proportion of the genome. The simple concept behind this idea is that a mutation may have a significant impact on local chromatin structure by modifying DNA methylation patterns or histone type recruitment. Yet, the relevance of these interactions is poorly understood. Elucidating how genetic and epigenetic mechanisms co-participate in regulating transcription may assist in some of the unresolved cases of genetic variant-phenotype association. One example is loci that have biologically predictable functions but genotypes that fail to correlate with phenotype, particularly disease outcome. Conversely, a crosstalk between genetics and epigenetics may provide a mechanistic explanation for cases in which a convincing association between phenotype and a genetic variant has been established, but the latter does not lie in a promoter or protein coding sequence. Here, we review recently published data in the field and discuss their implications for genetic variant-phenotype association studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Zaina
- Department of Medical Research, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Ranjith N, Pegoraro RJ, Shanmugam R. Obesity-associated genetic variants in young Asian Indians with the metabolic syndrome and myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc J Afr 2011; 22:25-30. [PMID: 21298202 PMCID: PMC3736384 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2010-036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Accepted: 03/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Associations between obesity-related polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome in 485 young ( ≤ 45 Years) Asian Indian patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and 300 matched controls were assessed. METHODS Genetic variants included the adiponectin 45T→G and 276G→T, LEPR K109R and Q223R, MC4R-associated C→T and FTO A→T polymorphisms. RESULTS The metabolic syndrome, as defined by NCEP ATP III and IDF criteria, was diagnosed in 61 and 60% of patients, respectively. No relationship was found between the obesity-associated polymorphisms and the metabolic syndrome, or between AMI patients and controls. The MC4R-associated TT genotype occurred more frequently in patients with lower triglyceride levels (p = 0.024), while the adiponectin 45 TT genotype occurred more commonly in patients with normal fasting glucose levels (p = 0.004). The LEPR Q223R TT genotype was associated with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION The metabolic syndrome occurs commonly in young Asian Indian patients with AMI. No relationship was found between any obesity-associated polymorphism and the metabolic syndrome. Particular genotypes may exert protective or disadvantageous effects on individual components of the metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Ranjith
- Department of Medicine, Coronary Care Unit, RK Khan Hospital, Chemical Pathology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, and Biostatistics Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pyrzak B, Wisniewska A, Kucharska A, Wasik M, Demkow U. No association of LEPR Gln223Arg polymorphism with leptin, obesity or metabolic disturbances in children. Eur J Med Res 2010; 14 Suppl 4:201-4. [PMID: 20156757 PMCID: PMC3521329 DOI: 10.1186/2047-783x-14-s4-201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to investigate whether the Gln223Arg in the leptin receptor may influence body weight, leptin concentration, and metabolic parameters in children. Materials and methods The examined group included 101 obese children (58 girls and 43 boys) with BMI 31.41 ± 5.03 kg/m2 (BMI ≥ 2 SDS) and the control group consisted of 41 children with BMI 20.0 ± 0.80 kg/m2 (BMI < 1.0 SDS). Polymorphism identification was performed in total genomic DNA using PCRRFLP method. Results The distribution of genotypes LEPR was the following: in the obese group: AA - 20.8%, AG-55.4%, GG-23.8%; in the control group AA-31.7%, AG-53.65%, GG-14.65%. Comparative analyses between AA homozygous children and carriers of G alleles did not confirm any relation between the analyzed polymorphism and BMI, leptin concentrations, and metabolic disturbances in children with obesity. Conclusion In children with obesity we did not observe association of the LEPR Gln223Arg gene polymorphism with obesity, leptin, insulin resistance, and metabolic abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Pyrzak
- Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bah J, Westberg L, Baghaei F, Henningsson S, Rosmond R, Melke J, Holm G, Eriksson E. Further exploration of the possible influence of polymorphisms in HTR2C and 5HTT on body weight. Metabolism 2010; 59:1156-63. [PMID: 20092861 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Revised: 10/07/2009] [Accepted: 11/05/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Receptors of the 5-HT2C subtype are of importance for the influence of serotonin on food intake, and 2 single nucleotide polymorphisms in this gene (HTR2C)--Cys23Ser (rs6318) and -759C>T (rs3813929)--have been reported to be associated with weight and/or antipsychotic-induced weight gain. The present study aimed to replicate these associations; in addition, the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) was assessed. The polymorphisms were genotyped in subjects recruited from the normal population (n = 510), and possible associations between genotype and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. The Ser23 allele was more common in underweight subjects (BMI <20) than in normal- and overweight (BMI > or =20) subjects (P = .006). The T allele of the -759C/T polymorphism was less common in the overweight group (BMI > or =25) (P = .007). Homozygosity for the short allele of 5-HTTLPR was more frequent in underweight subjects (P = .015). Our results are in agreement with previous studies, suggesting polymorphisms in HTR2C to be associated with body weight, particularly in women; and they also suggest that 5-HTTLPR may influence this phenotype. Further studies on the importance of the investigated genes for eating disorders and drug-induced weight gain are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Bah
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Box 431, SE- 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Iordanidou M, Tavridou A, Petridis I, Arvanitidis KI, Christakidis D, Vargemezis V, Manolopoulos VG. The serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) is associated with type 2 diabetes. Clin Chim Acta 2010; 411:167-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2009] [Revised: 10/26/2009] [Accepted: 10/26/2009] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
|
34
|
Development and validation of the high-quality 'rapid method for swab' to genotype the HTTLPR serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) promoter polymorphism. Psychiatr Genet 2009; 19:72-82. [PMID: 19668112 DOI: 10.1097/ypg.0b013e3283208091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of genetic variation to the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders is well established and is currently being examined for diagnosis and treatment. The most popular method of obtaining material for genotype analysis, high-yielding DNA extraction from blood, has several limitations, including invasiveness, need for skilled individuals to collect material, and requirement for cold storage. Saliva sampling is noninvasive and trained personnel are less necessary, but it still requires a relatively high level of subject compliance. Buccal mucosa cells sampling is almost completely noninvasive, reducing compliance issues significantly. Samples collected have been shown to produce usable DNA after shipment through conventional mail. The DNA produced by rapid elution of these swabs in chaotropic buffers is, however, of limited quality and low purity. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to develop a rapid, economical, and environmentally safe method for extraction of high-quality genomic DNA, which can be used to determine clinically important genotypes from trace quantity samples and which has sufficient yield for multiple assays. METHODS We developed a method of extracting high-quality genomic DNA from buccal swab, which we termed the 'rapid method for swab' (RMS). We compared RMS with two established procedures, specifically the original rapid method and the commercially available Buccal Amp method. We assessed the generated genomic DNAs by their (i) quality, (ii) quantity, (iii) restriction enzyme digestibility, and (iv) PCR-based genotyping in addition to time, cost, and environmental impact of the procedures. MAIN RESULTS DNA generated by RMS was of higher purity than that by Buccal Amp. RMS is nonenzymatic and does not use strong chaotropic salts or extreme pH. We also showed the suitability of RMS-DNA for LA/LG genotyping as generated by PCR using 7-deaza-dGTP. CONCLUSION The RMS procedure is novel, efficient, safe, and yields sufficient material for multiple genotyping analyses. The RMS produces DNA of high quality from a single human buccal swab. RMS is a noninvasive technique and particularly suitable for children and older individuals and in field collection settings.
Collapse
|
35
|
van Vliet-Ostaptchouk JV, Hofker MH, van der Schouw YT, Wijmenga C, Onland-Moret NC. Genetic variation in the hypothalamic pathways and its role on obesity. Obes Rev 2009; 10:593-609. [PMID: 19712437 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2009.00597.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Over recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically worldwide. Although this epidemic is mainly attributable to modern (western) lifestyle, multiple twin and adoption studies indicate the significant role of genes in the individual's predisposition to becoming obese. As the hypothalamus plays a central role in controlling body weight, its regulatory circuits may represent a crucial system in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Genetic variations in genes in the hypothalamic pathways may therefore contribute to the susceptibility for obesity in humans and animals. We summarize current knowledge on the physiological role of the hypothalamus in body-weight regulation and review genetic studies on the hypothalamic candidate genes in relation to obesity. Together, data from functional and genetic studies as well as the new, common, obesity loci identified in genome-wide association scans support an important role for the hypothalamic genes in predisposing to obesity. However, findings are still inconclusive for many candidate genes. To improve our understanding of the genetic architecture of common obesity, we suggest that specific obesity phenotypes should be considered and different analytical approaches used. Such studies should consider multiple genes from the same physiological pathways, together with environmental risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk
- Molecular Genetics, Medical Biology Section, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Huff N, Thompson D, Bondioli K. Search for Polymorphism in Exon 2 of the Equine Leptin Gene. J Equine Vet Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2009.04.195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
37
|
Ben Ali S, Kallel A, Sediri Y, Ftouhi B, Feki M, Slimene H, Jemaa R, Kaabachi N. LEPR p.Q223R Polymorphism influences plasma leptin levels and body mass index in Tunisian obese patients. Arch Med Res 2009; 40:186-90. [PMID: 19427969 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2009.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 01/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The leptin receptor (LEPR) plays a crucial role in the regulation of body weight. Several common polymorphisms have been described in the human LEPR gene including the p.Q223R polymorphism (rs1137101). The association of this polymorphism with obesity or related metabolic phenotypes has been controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the LEPR p.Q223R polymorphism on body mass index (BMI), plasma leptin and lipid parameters in a sample of the Tunisian population. METHODS The study included 391 obese patients and 302 normal weight subjects. LEPR p.Q223R genotypes were identified by the PCR-RFLP analysis. RESULTS Obese patients homozygous for RR genotype showed lower leptin levels than those with other genotypes (p = 0.005) adjusted for age, BMI and gender. Stratified analysis by gender revealed that obese male patients carrying the R allele showed significantly lower BMI (p = 0.007) and leptin levels (p = 0.037) than subjects homozygous for the Q allele. In obese women, the LEPR p.Q223R polymorphism was found associated with lower leptin concentrations (p = 0.05). After adjustment for age and BMI, the association between the LEPR variant and plasma leptin remained significant only within female patients (p = 0.027). A general linear model including leptin as dependant variable and age, BMI, menopausal status and genotype as covariates revealed that the LEPR p.Q223R polymorphism is independently associated with leptin levels in obese women (p = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the LEPR p.Q223R polymorphism influences plasma leptin levels and BMI in obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Ben Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Research Laboratory LR99ES11, Rabta University Hospital, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Bienertová-Vašků JA, Špinarová L, Bienert P, Vašků A. Association between variants in the genes for leptin, leptin receptor, and proopiomelanocortin with chronic heart failure in the Czech population. Heart Vessels 2009; 24:131-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00380-008-1090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
39
|
Bienertova-Vasku J, Bienert P, Tomandl J, Forejt M, Vavrina M, Kudelkova J, Vasku A. No association of defined variability in leptin, leptin receptor, adiponectin, proopiomelanocortin and ghrelin gene with food preferences in the Czech population. Nutr Neurosci 2009; 11:2-8. [PMID: 18510797 DOI: 10.1179/147683008x301379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, it has been reported that mutations in the genes encoding for adipokines may be associated with impaired food intake and may serve as potential obesity biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations of defined variability in leptin, leptin receptor, adiponectin, proopiomelanocortin and ghrelin genes with food preferences in the obese and non-obese Czech population and evaluate their potential as the obesity susceptibility genes. PATIENTS AND METHODS Using PCR followed by restriction analysis, we studied 185 volunteers. Basic anthropometrical characteristics associated to obesity were measured and the food intake was monitored using a 7-day record method. In the group of obese individuals, a subset of 34 morbidly obese patients was studied for plasma leptin and soluble leptin receptor levels. RESULTS None of the examined polymorphisms was associated to anthropometrical or demographic characteristics of the study subjects. The Gln223Arg polymorphism within the leptin receptor gene was significantly associated with lower plasma leptin levels (the RR genotype being more frequent in patients with lower plasma leptin levels; P = 0.001). No associations of the examined polymorphisms with food preferences was observed. CONCLUSIONS Based on our results, the examined polymorphisms in the adipokine genes do not seem to be the major risk factor for obesity development in the Czech population nor significantly affect food preferences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bienertova-Vasku
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Stratigopoulos G, LeDuc CA, Matsuoka N, Gutman R, Rausch R, Robertson SA, Myers MG, Chung WK, Chua SC, Leibel RL. Functional consequences of the human leptin receptor (LEPR) Q223R transversion. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17:126-35. [PMID: 18997673 PMCID: PMC2808713 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2008.489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Perturbations in the functional integrity of the leptin axis are obvious candidates for mediation of altered adiposity. In a large number of genetic association studies in humans, the nonconservative LEPR Q223R allele has been inconsistently associated with adiposity. Subtle, long-term effects of such genetic variants can be obscured by effects of the environment and other confounders that render definitive inferences difficult to reach. We directly assessed the biological effects of this variant in 129P3/J mice segregating for the humanized Lepr allele at codon 223. No effects of this allele were detected on body weight, composition, or energy expenditure in animals fed diets of varying fat content over periods as long as 235 days. In vitro, Q223R did not affect leptin signaling as reflected by activation of STAT3. We conclude that Q223R is unlikely to play a significant role in regulation of human adiposity. This approach to vetting of human allelic variation might be more widely used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Stratigopoulos
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032
| | - Charles A. LeDuc
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032
| | - Naoki Matsuoka
- Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, 650-0046, Japan
| | - Roee Gutman
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032
| | - Richard Rausch
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032
| | - Scott A. Robertson
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Martin G Myers
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032
| | - Streamson C. Chua
- Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, 10461
| | - Rudolph L. Leibel
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10032
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Common SNPs in LEP and LEPR associated with birth weight and type 2 diabetes-related metabolic risk factors in twins. Int J Obes (Lond) 2008; 32:1233-9. [PMID: 18490929 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2008.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children born small for gestational age are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The satiety signal leptin that regulates food intake and energy expenditure might be a possible molecular link, as umbilical cord leptin levels are positively correlated with birth weight. In the present study, we examined whether common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the leptin (LEP; 19G>A) gene and its receptor (LEPR; Q223R and K109R) are associated with birth weight and adult metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes in twins. DESIGN SNPs were genotyped in 396 monozygotic and 232 dizygotic twins (286 men and 342 women, mean age 25 years) recruited from the East Flanders Prospective Twin Survey. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. RESULTS The LEPR K109R SNP was associated with birth weight (KK, KR and RR (95% confidence interval, CI): 2511 (2465-2557), 2575 (2516-2635) and 2726 (2606-2845) gram; P(additive)=0.001). Also the LEPR Q223R SNP showed a significant association with weight at birth (QQ, QR and RR (95% CI): 2492 (2431-2554), 2545 (2495-2595) and 2655 (2571-2740) gram; P(additive)=0.003). Furthermore, an interaction between the LEPR K109R and the Q223R SNP on birth weight was observed (P=0.014). G allele carriers of the LEP 19G>A SNP had higher high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels compared to 19A homozygotes (GX vs AA (95% CI): 1.62 (1.58-1.66) vs 1.49 (1.40-1.58) mmol l(-1); P(recessive)=0.013). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that leptin may act as a growth-promoting signal during fetal development, and suggests a possible role for the LEPR in explaining the inverse relationship between birth weight and the development of metabolic diseases in adulthood. Additionally, these results suggest that the LEP 19G>A SNP affect HDL cholesterol levels.
Collapse
|
43
|
Sookoian S, Gianotti TF, Gemma C, Burgueño A, Pirola CJ. Contribution of the functional 5-HTTLPR variant of the SLC6A4 gene to obesity risk in male adults. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008; 16:488-91. [PMID: 18239665 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A polymorphism in the promoter region of the serotonin transporter (5-HTTLPR) gene SLC6A4 shows functionally important 44-bp insertion/deletion alleles: long (L) and short (S). We have previously found that the S allele is a genetic risk factor for obesity in adolescents. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the S/L variant of the SLC6A4 gene is associated with BMI as a continuous trait and also with obesity in a large sample of adult men of European ancestry included in a cross-sectional, population-based study. METHODS AND PROCEDURES The study group was composed of individuals who were randomly recruited from a factory in the Buenos Aires metropolitan area and who underwent an annual health examination. RESULTS We observed that among 1,329 unrelated subjects, aged 34.6 +/- 0.3 years, age-adjusted BMI values (expressed as mean +/- s.e.) for each genotype showed statistically significant differences across genotypic groups (LL: 25.4 +/- 0.2, LS: 26.0 +/- 0.1 and SS: 26.7 +/- 0.2, P < 0.0002). In addition, association tests showed that the 5-HTTLPR-genotype distribution was significantly different between 692 lean (BMI < or = 25 kg/m2) and 637 obese (BMI > or = 27 kg/m2) individuals. We found a 1.36 odds ratio (OR) (95% CI 1.01-1.85) for obesity in SS carriers in comparison with LL carriers, P = 0.026. DISCUSSION In conclusion, our findings indicate that 5-HTTLPR polymorphism may be linked with BMI and also with obesity and/or overweight in adult male population, reinforcing the role of the serotonin transporter as a risk factor for the obesity phenotype and suggesting potential new avenues for its pharmacological treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sookoian
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biology of Complex Diseases, Institute of Medical Research, A Lanari, University of Buenos Aires-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|