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Zhang Z, Yang W, Chen Z, Chi H, Wu S, Zheng W, Jin R, Wang B, Wang Y, Huo N, Zhang J, Song X, Xu L, Zhang J, Hou L, Chen W. A causal multiomics study discriminates the early immune features of Ad5-vectored Ebola vaccine recipients. Innovation (N Y) 2024; 5:100603. [PMID: 38745762 PMCID: PMC11092886 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The vaccine-induced innate immune response is essential for the generation of an antibody response. To date, how Ad5-vectored vaccines are influenced by preexisting anti-Ad5 antibodies during activation of the early immune response remains unclear. Here, we investigated the specific alterations in GP1,2-specific IgG-related elements of the early immune response at the genetic, molecular, and cellular levels on days 0, 1, 3, and 7 after Ad5-EBOV vaccination. In a causal multiomics analysis, distinct early immune responses associated with GP1,2-specific IgG were observed in Ad5-EBOV recipients with a low level of preexisting anti-Ad5 antibodies. This study revealed the correlates of the Ad5-EBOV-induced IgG response and provided mechanistic evidence for overcoming preexisting Ad5 immunity during the administration of Ad5-vectored vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wenjing Yang
- Department of Intelligent Data Science, College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Zhengshan Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Haoang Chi
- Department of Intelligent Data Science, College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
- Intelligent Game and Decision Lab, Academy of Military Science, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Shipo Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wanru Zheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ruochun Jin
- Department of Intelligent Data Science, College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Busen Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Yudong Wang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Nan Huo
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaohong Song
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Liyang Xu
- Department of Intelligent Data Science, College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lihua Hou
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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Salam LB. Metagenomic investigations into the microbial consortia, degradation pathways, and enzyme systems involved in the biodegradation of plastics in a tropical lentic pond sediment. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:172. [PMID: 38630153 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03972-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The exploitation of exciting features of plastics for diverse applications has resulted in significant plastic waste generation, which negatively impacts environmental compartments, metabolic processes, and the well-being of aquatic ecosystems biota. A shotgun metagenomic approach was deployed to investigate the microbial consortia, degradation pathways, and enzyme systems involved in the degradation of plastics in a tropical lentic pond sediment (APS). Functional annotation of the APS proteome (ORFs) using the PlasticDB database revealed annotation of 1015 proteins of enzymes such as depolymerase, esterase, lipase, hydrolase, nitrobenzylesterase, chitinase, carboxylesterase, polyesterase, oxidoreductase, polyamidase, PETase, MHETase, laccase, alkane monooxygenase, among others involved in the depolymerization of the plastic polymers. It also revealed that polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), polylactic acid (PLA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and nylon have the highest number of annotated enzymes. Further annotation using the KEGG GhostKOALA revealed that except for terephthalate, all the other degradation products of the plastic polymers depolymerization such as glyoxylate, adipate, succinate, 1,4-butanediol, ethylene glycol, lactate, and acetaldehyde were further metabolized to intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Taxonomic characterization of the annotated proteins using the AAI Profiler and BLASTP revealed that Pseudomonadota members dominate most plastic types, followed by Actinomycetota and Acidobacteriota. The study reveals novel plastic degraders from diverse phyla hitherto not reported to be involved in plastic degradation. This suggests that plastic pollution in aquatic environments is prevalent with well-adapted degrading communities and could be the silver lining in mitigating the impacts of plastic pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lateef B Salam
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Elizade University, Ilara-Mokin, Ondo State, Nigeria.
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3
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Gholap AD, Gupta J, Kamandar P, Bhowmik DD, Rojekar S, Faiyazuddin M, Hatvate NT, Mohanto S, Ahmed MG, Subramaniyan V, Kumarasamy V. Harnessing Nanovaccines for Effective Immunization─A Special Concern on COVID-19: Facts, Fidelity, and Future Prospective. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:271-297. [PMID: 38096426 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative pathway in vaccine research and delivery. Nanovaccines, encompassing lipid and nonlipid formulations, exhibit considerable advantages over traditional vaccine techniques, including enhanced antigen stability, heightened immunogenicity, targeted distribution, and the potential for codelivery with adjuvants or immune modulators. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements and applications of lipid and non-lipid-based nanovaccines in current vaccination strategies for immunization. The review commences by outlining the fundamental concepts underlying lipid and nonlipid nanovaccine design before delving into the diverse components and production processes employed in their development. Subsequently, a comparative analysis of various nanocarriers is presented, elucidating their distinct physicochemical characteristics and impact on the immune response, along with preclinical and clinical studies. The discussion also highlights how nanotechnology enables the possibility of personalized and combined vaccination techniques, facilitating the creation of tailored nanovaccines to meet the individual patient needs. The ethical aspects concerning the use of nanovaccines, as well as potential safety concerns and public perception, are also addressed. The study underscores the gaps and challenges that must be overcome before adopting nanovaccines in clinical practice. This comprehensive analysis offers vital new insights into lipid and nonlipid nanovaccine status. It emphasizes the significance of continuous research, collaboration among interdisciplinary experts, and regulatory measures to fully unlock the potential of nanotechnology in enhancing immunization and ensuring a healthier, more resilient society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol D Gholap
- Department of Pharmaceutics, St. John Institute of Pharmacy and Research, Palghar 401404, Maharashtra, India
| | - Juhi Gupta
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pallavi Kamandar
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deblina D Bhowmik
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Satish Rojekar
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Md Faiyazuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Al-Karim University, Katihar 854106, Bihar, India
| | - Navnath T Hatvate
- Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai, Marathwada Campus, Jalna 431213, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangaluru 575018, Karnataka, India
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Davleeva MA, Garifulin RR, Bashirov FV, Izmailov AA, Nurullin LF, Salafutdinov II, Gatina DZ, Shcherbinin DN, Lysenko AA, Tutykhina IL, Shmarov MM, Islamov RR. Molecular and cellular changes in the post-traumatic spinal cord remodeling after autoinfusion of a genetically-enriched leucoconcentrate in a mini-pig model. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:1505-1511. [PMID: 36571355 PMCID: PMC10075125 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.360241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-traumatic spinal cord remodeling includes both degenerating and regenerating processes, which affect the potency of the functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Gene therapy for spinal cord injury is proposed as a promising therapeutic strategy to induce positive changes in remodeling of the affected neural tissue. In our previous studies for delivering the therapeutic genes at the site of spinal cord injury, we developed a new approach using an autologous leucoconcentrate transduced ex vivo with chimeric adenoviruses (Ad5/35) carrying recombinant cDNA. In the present study, the efficacy of the intravenous infusion of an autologous genetically-enriched leucoconcentrate simultaneously producing recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was evaluated with regard to the molecular and cellular changes in remodeling of the spinal cord tissue at the site of damage in a model of mini-pigs with moderate spinal cord injury. Experimental animals were randomly divided into two groups of 4 pigs each: the therapeutic (infused with the leucoconcentrate simultaneously transduced with a combination of the three chimeric adenoviral vectors Ad5/35-VEGF165, Ad5/35-GDNF, and Ad5/35-NCAM1) and control groups (infused with intact leucoconcentrate). The morphometric and immunofluorescence analysis of the spinal cord regeneration in the rostral and caudal segments according to the epicenter of the injury in the treated animals compared to the control mini-pigs showed: (1) higher sparing of the grey matter and increased survivability of the spinal cord cells (lower number of Caspase-3-positive cells and decreased expression of Hsp27); (2) recovery of synaptophysin expression; (3) prevention of astrogliosis (lower area of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1-positive microglial cells); (4) higher growth rates of regenerating βIII-tubulin-positive axons accompanied by a higher number of oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2-positive oligodendroglial cells in the lateral corticospinal tract region. These results revealed the efficacy of intravenous infusion of the autologous genetically-enriched leucoconcentrate producing recombinant VEGF, GDNF, and NCAM in the acute phase of spinal cord injury on the positive changes in the post-traumatic remodeling nervous tissue at the site of direct injury. Our data provide a solid platform for a new ex vivo gene therapy for spinal cord injury and will facilitate further translation of regenerative therapies in clinical neurology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Leniz Faritovich Nurullin
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University; Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Federal Research Center of Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan, Russia
| | - Ilnur Ildusovich Salafutdinov
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University; Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Dmitrij Nikolaevich Shcherbinin
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Aleksandrovich Lysenko
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Leonidovna Tutykhina
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maksim Mikhailovich Shmarov
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Kim J, Kim C, Lee JA, Lee SJ, Lee KH, Kim JH, Ahn JY, Jeong SJ, Ku NS, Yeom JS, Song YG, Choi JY. Immunogenicity Differences of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 Vaccine According to Pre-Existing Adenovirus Immunity. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11040784. [PMID: 37112696 PMCID: PMC10145356 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11040784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the immunogenicity of, and reactogenicity to, the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine according to pre-existing adenovirus immunity. Individuals scheduled for COVID-19 vaccination were prospectively enrolled in a tertiary hospital with 2400 beds from March 2020 onwards. Pre-existing adenovirus immunity data was obtained before ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. A total of 68 adult patients administered two doses of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine were enrolled. Pre-existing adenovirus immunity was identified in 49 patients (72.1%), but not in the remaining 19 patients (27.9%). The geometric mean titer of S-specific IgG antibodies was statistically higher in individuals without pre-existing adenovirus immunity at several time points: before the second ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose (56.4 (36.6–125.0) vs. 51.0 (17.9–122.3), p = 0.024), 2–3 weeks after the second ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose (629.5 (451.5–926.5) vs. 555.0 (287.3–926.0), p = 0.049), and 3 months after the second ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 dose (274.5 (160.5–655.3) vs. 176.0 (94.3–255.3), p = 0.033). In the absence of pre-existing adenovirus immunity, systemic events were observed with higher frequency, especially chills (73.7% vs. 31.9%, p = 0.002). In conclusion, individuals without pre-existing adenovirus immunity showed a higher immune response to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination and a higher frequency of reactogenicity to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinnam Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Medical Center, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyup Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ah Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Ju Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Lee
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Ahn
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeong
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Su Ku
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Sup Yeom
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Goo Song
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Yong Choi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- AIDS Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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6
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Wen K, Resch MD, Mazboudi R, Mulhall Maasz H, Galarza JM. Novel and efficient method for the reconstruction of adenoviruses through isothermal assembly and its potential applications. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:1095198. [PMID: 36776626 PMCID: PMC9909595 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2023.1095198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus based vectors are useful tools for vaccine development, gene therapy, and oncolytic virotherapy. Here we describe a novel approach for the genetic engineering of any portion of the adenovirus genome and the reconstruction of either fully replication competent or defective virions. This innovative strategy is rapid, effective and suitable for the manipulation of the entire genome broadening the spectrum of potential applications for the adenovirus system. Our strategy involved insertion of restriction enzyme recognition sequences absent in the native virus into the termini of the adenovirus genome in order to facilitate recovery. These restriction enzyme sites, together with the two inverted terminal repeats and packaging sequences, were synthesized and then subcloned into the pBR322 vector. The remaining internal portion of the adenovirus genome was separated and amplified via PCR into six segments, of which groups of two were joined together by PCR and then subcloned into pBR322 plasmids. During the PCR reaction, an overlap of 30-40 bp was added to the termini of the adjacent fragments, allowing for the subsequent isothermal assembly and correct orientation of all fragments. This approach allows for the genetic modification of each genomic fragment according to the specific research goals, (e.g., deletion, substitution, addition, etc.) To recreate the entire viral genome, the four engineered fragments (each comprised of two adenovirus genomic sections) as well as the pBR322 backbone, were reassembled into a single construct utilizing an isothermal assembly reaction. Finally, the reassembled plasmid containing the entire genome was linearized and transfected into HEK293 cells to recover the complete reconstructed adenoviral vector. Using this approach, we have successfully generated two recombinant reporter adenoviruses, one of human adenovirus serotype 14 and another of serotype 55. The E3 region was replaced by the reporter genes (GFP and Luciferase) to visualize and track the recovery process. Subsequent infection of A549 cells with these reconstructed adenovirus vectors demonstrated that they were replication competent. This method shortens the viral reconstruction process because the one-step isothermal assembly requires less than 4 days, and recombinant adenovirus recovery occurs within 10 days. This new method allows for single or multiple genetic modifications within any portion of the viral genome and can be used to construct or manipulate any adenovirus whose complete genome sequence is known.
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Safiullov Z, Izmailov A, Sokolov M, Markosyan V, Kundakchan G, Garifulin R, Shmarov M, Naroditsky B, Logunov D, Islamov R. Autologous Genetically Enriched Leucoconcentrate in the Preventive and Acute Phases of Stroke Treatment in a Mini-Pig Model. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102209. [PMID: 36297644 PMCID: PMC9611398 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural limitations of regeneration in the CNS are major problems for the treatment of neurological disorders, including ischaemic brain strokes. Among the approaches being actively developed to inhibit post-ischaemic negative consequences is the delivery of therapeutic genes encoding neuroprotective molecules to the brain. Unfortunately, there are currently no proven and available medicines that contain recombinant human genes for the treatment of ischaemic cerebral stroke. Of particular interest is the development of treatments for patients at risk of ischaemic stroke. In the present study, we propose a proof of concept for the use of an autologous, genetically enriched leucoconcentrate temporally secreting recombinant vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) for the treatment of stroke. In a mini-pig ischaemic stroke model, genetically enriched leucoconcentrate was infused 4 h after surgery (gene therapy in acute phase) or 2 days before stroke modelling (preventive gene therapy). On day 21, after the stroke modelling, the post-ischaemic brain recovery was examined by morphologic and immunofluorescence analysis. The benefits of treating a stroke with genetically enriched leucoconcentrate both for preventive purposes and in the acute phase were confirmed by an improved performance in behavioural tests, higher preservation of brain tissue and positive post-ischaemic brain remodelling in the peri-infarct area. These results suggest that the employment of autologous leucocytes enabling the temporary production of the recombinant therapeutic molecules to correct the pathological process in the CNS may be one of the breakthrough approaches in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zufar Safiullov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrei Izmailov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Mikhail Sokolov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Vage Markosyan
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Grayr Kundakchan
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ravil Garifulin
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maksim Shmarov
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Naroditsky
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Logunov
- The National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology Named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 123098 Moscow, Russia
| | - Rustem Islamov
- The Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Correspondence:
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8
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Rice A, Verma M, Voigt E, Battisti P, Beaver S, Reed S, Dinkins K, Mody S, Zakin L, Tanaka S, Morimoto B, Olson CA, Gabitzsch E, Safrit JT, Spilman P, Casper C, Soon-Shiong P. Heterologous saRNA Prime, DNA Dual-Antigen Boost SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Elicits Robust Cellular Immunogenicity and Cross-Variant Neutralizing Antibodies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:910136. [PMID: 35911728 PMCID: PMC9335885 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.910136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed if immune responses are enhanced in CD-1 mice by heterologous vaccination with two different nucleic acid-based COVID-19 vaccines: a next-generation human adenovirus serotype 5 (hAd5)-vectored dual-antigen spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) vaccine (AdS+N) and a self-amplifying and -adjuvanted S RNA vaccine (AAHI-SC2) delivered by a nanostructured lipid carrier. The AdS+N vaccine encodes S modified with a fusion motif to increase cell-surface expression and an N antigen modified with an Enhanced T-cell Stimulation Domain (N-ETSD) to direct N to the endosomal/lysosomal compartment and increase MHC class I and II stimulation potential. The S sequence in the AAHI-SC2 vaccine comprises the D614G mutation, two prolines to stabilize S in the prefusion conformation, and 3 glutamines in the furin cleavage region to confer protease resistance. CD-1 mice received vaccination by homologous and heterologous prime > boost combinations. Humoral responses to S were the highest with any regimen that included the AAHI-SC2 vaccine, and IgG bound to wild type and Delta (B.1.617.2) variant S1 at similar levels. An AAHI-SC2 prime followed by an AdS+N boost particularly enhanced CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses to both wild type and Delta S peptides relative to all other vaccine regimens. Sera from mice receiving AAHI-SC2 homologous or heterologous vaccination were found to be highly neutralizing for all pseudovirus strains tested: Wuhan, Beta, Delta, and Omicron strains. The findings here, taken in consideration with the availability of both vaccines in thermostable formulations, support the testing of heterologous vaccination by an AAHI-SC2 > AdS+N regimen in animal models of SARS-CoV-2 infection to assess its potential to provide increased protection against emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants particularly in regions of the world where the need for cold-chain storage has limited the distribution of other vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Rice
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Mohit Verma
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Emily Voigt
- Access to Advanced Health Institute (AAHI), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Peter Battisti
- Access to Advanced Health Institute (AAHI), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sam Beaver
- Access to Advanced Health Institute (AAHI), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Sierra Reed
- Access to Advanced Health Institute (AAHI), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Kyle Dinkins
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Shivani Mody
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Lise Zakin
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | - Shiho Tanaka
- ImmunityBio, Inc., Culver City, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Corey Casper
- Access to Advanced Health Institute (AAHI), Seattle, WA, United States
- Departments of Medicine and Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
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Gonzalez-Pastor R, Hernandez Y, Gimeno M, de Martino A, Man YS, Hallden G, Quintanilla M, de la Fuente JM, Martin-Duque P. Coating an adenovirus with functionalized gold nanoparticles favors uptake, intracellular trafficking and anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy. Acta Biomater 2021; 134:593-604. [PMID: 34325075 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviral (Ad) vectors have proven to be important tools for gene and cell therapy, although some issues still need to be addressed, such as undesired interactions with blood components and off-target sequestration that ultimately hamper efficacy. In the past years, several organic and inorganic materials have been developed to reduce immunogenicity and improve biodistribution of Ad vectors. Here we investigated the influence of the functionalization of 14 nm PEGylated gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with quaternary ammonium groups and an arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-motif on the uptake and biodistribution of Ad vectors. We report the formation of Ad@AuNPs complexes that promote cell attachment and uptake, independently of the presence of the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrins, significantly improving transduction without limiting Ad bioactivity. Besides, the presence of the RGD peptide favors tumor targeting and decreases Ad sequestration in the liver. Additionally, tumor delivery of a coated Ad vector expressing the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) by mesenchymal stem cells induces increased accumulation of radioactive iodine (131I) and tumor volume reduction compared to naked Ad-hNIS, highlighting the promising potential of our coating formulation in cancer gene therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Modification of adenoviral vectors with lipids and polymers can reduce interactions with blood components and increase tumor accumulation; however, increased toxicity and reduced transduction efficiency were indicated. Coating with gold nanoparticles has proven to be a successful strategy for increasing the efficiency of transduction of receptor-defective cell lines. Here we explore the contribution of cell surface receptors on the mechanisms of entry of Ad vectors coated with gold nanoparticles in cell lines with varying degrees of resistance to infection. The enhancement of the anti-tumoral effect shown in this work provides new evidence for the potential of our formulation.
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10
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Verdecia M, Kokai-Kun JF, Kibbey M, Acharya S, Venema J, Atouf F. COVID-19 vaccine platforms: Delivering on a promise? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021; 17:2873-2893. [PMID: 34033528 PMCID: PMC8381795 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1911204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the novel SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 has brought into sharp focus the need for a vaccine to prevent this disease. Vaccines have saved millions of lives since their introduction to the public over 200 years ago. The potential for vaccination reached new heights in the mid-20th century with the development of technologies that expanded the ability to create novel vaccines. Since then, there has been continued technological advancement in vaccine development. The resulting platforms provide the promise for solutions for many infectious diseases, including those that have been with us for decades as well as those just now emerging. Each vaccine platform represents a different technology with a unique set of advantages and challenges, especially when considering manufacturing. Therefore, it is essential to understand each platform as a separate product and process with its specific quality considerations. This review outlines the relevant platforms for developing a vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Verdecia
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Maura Kibbey
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Sarita Acharya
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jaap Venema
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Fouad Atouf
- United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Rockville, MD, USA
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11
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Antigen Presentation of mRNA-Based and Virus-Vectored SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9080848. [PMID: 34451973 PMCID: PMC8402319 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9080848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has reached pandemic proportions. A number of effective vaccines have been produced, including mRNA vaccines and viral vector vaccines, which are now being implemented on a large scale in order to control the pandemic. The mRNA vaccines are composed of viral Spike S1 protein encoding mRNA incorporated in a lipid nanoparticle and stabilized by polyethylene glycol (PEG). The mRNA vaccines are novel in many respects, including cellular uptake and the intracellular routing, processing, and secretion of the viral protein. Viral vector vaccines have incorporated DNA sequences, encoding the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein into (attenuated) adenoviruses. The antigen presentation routes in MHC class I and class II, in relation to the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, will be reviewed. In rare cases, mRNA vaccines induce unwanted immune mediated side effects. The mRNA-based vaccines may lead to an anaphylactic reaction. This reaction may be triggered by PEG. The intracellular routing of PEG and potential presentation in the context of CD1 will be discussed. Adenovirus vector-based vaccines have been associated with thrombocytopenic thrombosis events. The anti-platelet factor 4 antibodies found in these patients could be generated due to conformational changes of relevant epitopes presented to the immune system.
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12
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Rice A, Verma M, Shin A, Zakin L, Sieling P, Tanaka S, Balint J, Dinkins K, Adisetiyo H, Morimoto B, Higashide W, Anders Olson C, Mody S, Spilman P, Gabitzsch E, Safrit JT, Rabizadeh S, Niazi K, Soon-Shiong P. Intranasal plus subcutaneous prime vaccination with a dual antigen COVID-19 vaccine elicits T-cell and antibody responses in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14917. [PMID: 34290317 PMCID: PMC8295250 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94364-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a COVID-19 vaccine, hAd5 S-Fusion + N-ETSD, that expresses SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins with modifications to increase immune responses delivered using a human adenovirus serotype 5 (hAd5) platform. Here, we demonstrate subcutaneous (SC) prime and SC boost vaccination of CD-1 mice with this dual-antigen vaccine elicits T-helper cell 1 (Th1) biased T-cell and humoral responses to both S and N that are greater than those seen with hAd5 S wild type delivering only unmodified S. We then compared SC to intranasal (IN) prime vaccination with SC or IN boosts and show that an IN prime with an IN boost is as effective at generating Th1 biased humoral responses as the other combinations tested, but an SC prime with an IN or SC boost elicits greater T cell responses. Finally, we used a combined SC plus IN (SC + IN) prime with or without a boost and found the SC + IN prime alone to be as effective in generating humoral and T-cell responses as the SC + IN prime with a boost. The finding that SC + IN prime-only delivery has the potential to provide broad immunity-including mucosal immunity-against SARS-CoV-2 supports further testing of this vaccine and delivery approach in animal models of viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Rice
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Mohit Verma
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Annie Shin
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Lise Zakin
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Peter Sieling
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Shiho Tanaka
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Joseph Balint
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Kyle Dinkins
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Helty Adisetiyo
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Brett Morimoto
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Wendy Higashide
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - C Anders Olson
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Shivani Mody
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | - Patricia Spilman
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey T Safrit
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
| | | | - Kayvan Niazi
- ImmunityBio, Inc., 9920 Jefferson Blvd, Culver City, CA, 90232, USA
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Wang M, Li R, Li Y, Yu C, Chi X, Wu S, Liu S, Xu J, Chen W. Construction and Immunological Evaluation of an Adenoviral Vector-Based Vaccine Candidate for Lassa Fever. Viruses 2021; 13:v13030484. [PMID: 33804206 PMCID: PMC8001012 DOI: 10.3390/v13030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lassa virus (LASV) is a rodent-borne arenavirus circulating in West African regions that causes Lassa fever (LF). LF is normally asymptomatic at the initial infection stage, but can progress to severe disease with multiorgan collapse and hemorrhagic fever. To date, the therapeutic choices are limited, and there is no approved vaccine for avoiding LASV infection. Adenoviral vector-based vaccines represent an effective countermeasure against LASV because of their safety and adequate immunogenicity, as demonstrated in use against other emerging viral infections. Here, we constructed and characterized a novel Ad5 (E1-, E3-) vectored vaccine containing the glycoprotein precursor (GPC) of LASV. Ad5-GPCLASV elicited both humoral and cellular immune responses in BALB/c mice. Moreover, a bioluminescent imaging-based BALB/c mouse model infected with GPC-bearing and luciferase-expressing replication-incompetent LASV pseudovirus was utilized to evaluate the vaccine efficacy. The bioluminescence intensity of immunized mice was significantly lower than that of control mice after being inoculated with LASV pseudovirus. This study suggests that Ad5-GPCLASV represents a potential vaccine candidate against LF.
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Sun Y, Lv X, Ding P, Wang L, Sun Y, Li S, Zhang H, Gao Z. Exploring the functions of polymers in adenovirus-mediated gene delivery: Evading immune response and redirecting tropism. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:93-104. [PMID: 31386928 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) is a promising viral carrier in gene therapy because of its unique attribution. However, clinical applications of Ad vectors are currently restricted by their immunogenicity and broad native tropism. To address these obstacles, a variety of nonimmunogenic polymers are utilized to modify Ad vectors chemically or physically. In this review, we systemically discuss the functions of polymers in Ad-mediated gene delivery from two aspects: evading the host immune responses to Ads and redirecting Ad tropism. With polyethylene glycol (PEG) first in order, a variety of polymers have been developed to shield the surface of Ad vectors and well accomplished to evade the host immune response, block CAR-dependant cellular uptake, and reduce accumulation in the liver. In addition, shielding Ad vectors with targeted polymers (including targeting ligand-conjugated polymers and bio-responsive polymers) can also efficiently retarget Ad vectors to tumor tissues and reduce their distribution in nontargeted tissues. With its potential to evade the immune response and retarget Ad vectors, modification with polymers has been generally regarded as a promising strategy to facilitate the clinical applications of Ad vectors for virotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is no doubt that Adenovirus (Ads) are attractive vectors for gene therapy, with high sophistication and effectiveness in overcoming both extra- and intracellular barriers, which cannot be exceeded by any other nonviral gene vectors. Unfortunately, their clinical applications are still restricted by some critical hurdles, including immunogenicity and native broad tropism. Therefore, a variety of elegant strategies have been developed from various angles to address these hurdles. Among these various strategies, coating Ads with nonimmunogenic polymers has attracted much attention. In this review, we systemically discuss the functions of polymers in Ad-mediated gene delivery from two aspects: evading the host immune responses to Ads and redirecting Ad tropism. In addition, the key factors in Ad modification with polymers have been highlighted and summarized to provide guiding theory for the design of more effective and safer polymer-Ad hybrid gene vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Zibin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
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15
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Lv P, Liu X, Chen X, Liu C, Zhang Y, Chu C, Wang J, Wang X, Chen X, Liu G. Genetically Engineered Cell Membrane Nanovesicles for Oncolytic Adenovirus Delivery: A Versatile Platform for Cancer Virotherapy. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2993-3001. [PMID: 30964695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, various oncolytic adenoviruses (OA) are being explored in both preclinical and clinical virotherapy. However, the pre-existing neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) and poor targeting delivery are major obstacles for systemically administered OA. Therefore, we designed bioengineered cell membrane nanovesicles (BCMNs) that harbor targeting ligands to achieve robust antiviral immune shielding and targeting capabilities for oncolytic virotherapy. We employed two distinct biomimetic synthetic approaches: the first is based on in vitro genetic membrane engineering to embed targeting ligands on the cell membrane, and the second is based on in vivo expression of CRISPR-engineered targeting ligands on red-blood-cell membranes. The results indicate that both bioengineering approaches preserve the infectivity and replication capacity of OA in the presence of nAbs, in vitro and in vivo. Notably, OA@BCMNs demonstrated a significant suppression of the induced innate and adaptive immune responses against OA. Enhanced targeting delivery, viral oncolysis, and survival benefits in multiple xenograft models were observed without overt toxicity. These findings reveal that OA@BCMNs may provide a clinical basis for improving oncolytic virotherapy by overcoming undesired antiviral immunity and enhancing cancer cell selectivity via biomimetic synthesis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaomei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Chengchao Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Junqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) , National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
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16
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van Winkel CAJ, Moreno A, Curiel DT. Capsid-Incorporation Strategy To Display Antigens for an Alternative Adenoviral Vector Vaccine Approach. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:5446-5453. [PMID: 30359030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The adenovirus (Ad) is widely used as a vaccine because of its ability to induce a cellular and humoral immune response. In addition, human clinical trials have validated the safety and efficacy of Ad as a vaccine vector. The traditional approach for employing the adenovirus as vaccine is to configure the antigen genes into the expression cassette of the Ad genome. An alternative method for inducing an immune response is the "capsid-incorporation" strategy. This strategy is based upon the incorporation of proteins or peptides into the capsid proteins. This review will focus on the established uses of this approach as well as highlighting the new developments regarding the capsid-incorporation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia A J van Winkel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States.,Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Biology , University of Groningen , Groningen 9700 AB , The Netherlands
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , Emory University , Atlanta , Georgia 30322 , United States
| | - David T Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology , Washington University School of Medicine , St. Louis , Missouri 63110 , United States
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17
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Ehrke-Schulz E, Zhang W, Gao J, Ehrhardt A. Recent Advances in Preclinical Developments Using Adenovirus Hybrid Vectors. Hum Gene Ther 2018; 28:833-841. [PMID: 28854818 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2017.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors are efficient gene-transfer vehicles to deliver foreign DNA into living organisms, offering large cargo capacity and low immunogenicity and genotoxicity. As Ad shows low integration rates of their genomes into host chromosomes, vector-derived gene expression decreases due to continuous cell cycling in regenerating tissues and dividing cell populations. To overcome this hurdle, adenoviral delivery can be combined with mechanisms leading to maintenance of therapeutic DNA and long-term effects of the desired treatment. Several hybrid Ad vectors (AdV) exploiting various strategies for long-term treatment have been developed and characterized. This review summarizes recent developments of preclinical approaches using hybrid AdVs utilizing either the Sleeping Beauty transposase system for somatic integration into host chromosomes or designer nucleases, including transcription activator-like effector nucleases and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease for permanent gene editing. Further options on how to optimize these vectors further are discussed, which may lead to future clinical applications of these versatile gene-therapy tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Ehrke-Schulz
- Chair for Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department for Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, Germany
| | - Wenli Zhang
- Chair for Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department for Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, Germany
| | - Jian Gao
- Chair for Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department for Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, Germany
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Chair for Virology and Microbiology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Department for Human Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University , Witten, Germany
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Abstract
Beginning in 2004, chikungunya virus (CHIKV) went from an endemic pathogen limited to Africa and Asia that caused periodic outbreaks to a global pathogen. Given that outbreaks caused by CHIKV have continued and expanded, serious consideration must be given to identifying potential options for vaccines and therapeutics. Currently, there are no licensed products in this realm, and control relies completely on the use of personal protective measures and integrated vector control, which are only minimally effective. Therefore, it is prudent to urgently examine further possibilities for control. Vaccines have been shown to be highly effective against vector-borne diseases. However, as CHIKV is known to rapidly spread and generate high attack rates, therapeutics would also be highly valuable. Several candidates are currently being developed; this review describes the multiple options under consideration for future development and assesses their relative advantages and disadvantages.
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19
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Mottaghitalab F, Rastegari A, Farokhi M, Dinarvand R, Hosseinkhani H, Ou KL, Pack DW, Mao C, Dinarvand M, Fatahi Y, Atyabi F. Prospects of siRNA applications in regenerative medicine. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:312-329. [PMID: 28385649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Small interfering RNA (siRNA) has established its reputation in the field of tissue engineering owing to its ability to silence the proteins that inhibit tissue regeneration. siRNA is capable of regulating cellular behavior during tissue regeneration processes. The concept of using siRNA technology in regenerative medicine derived from its ability to inhibit the expression of target genes involved in defective tissues and the possibility to induce the expression of tissue-inductive factors that improve the tissue regeneration process. To date, siRNA has been used as a suppressive biomolecule in different tissues, such as nervous tissue, bone, cartilage, heart, kidney, and liver. Moreover, various delivery systems have been applied in order to deliver siRNA to the target tissues. This review will provide an in-depth discussion on the development of siRNA and their delivery systems and mechanisms of action in different tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mottaghitalab
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rastegari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Farokhi
- National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassoul Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinkhani
- Innovation Center for Advanced Technology, Matrix, Inc., New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Keng-Liang Ou
- Research Center for Biomedical Devices and Prototyping Production, Research Center for Biomedical Implants and Microsurgery Devices, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Daniel W Pack
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Chuanbin Mao
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Stephenson Life Science Research Center, University of Oklahoma, 101 Stephenson Parkway, Norman, OK 73019, United States; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Meshkat Dinarvand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Fatahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Atyabi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Activation of myeloid and endothelial cells by CD40L gene therapy supports T-cell expansion and migration into the tumor microenvironment. Gene Ther 2016; 24:92-103. [PMID: 27906162 PMCID: PMC5441514 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
CD40 is an interesting target in cancer immunotherapy due to its ability to stimulate T-helper 1 immunity via maturation of dendritic cells and to drive M2 to M1 macrophage differentiation. Pancreatic cancer has a high M2 content that has shown responsive to anti-CD40 agonist therapy and CD40 may thus be a suitable target for immune activation in these patients. In this study, a novel oncolytic adenovirus armed with a trimerized membrane-bound extracellular CD40L (TMZ-CD40L) was evaluated as a treatment of pancreatic cancer. Further, the CD40L mechanisms of action were elucidated in cancer models. The results demonstrated that the virus transferring TMZ-CD40L had oncolytic capacity in pancreatic cancer cells and could control tumor progression. TMZ-CD40L was a potent stimulator of human myeloid cells and T-cell responses. Further, CD40L-mediated stimulation increased tumor-infiltrating T cells in vivo, which may be due to a direct activation of endothelial cells to upregulate receptors for lymphocyte attachment and transmigration. In conclusion, CD40L-mediated gene therapy is an interesting concept for the treatment of tumors with high levels of M2 macrophages, such as pancreatic cancer, and an oncolytic virus as carrier of CD40L may further boost tumor killing and immune activation.
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21
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Cabrera-Mora M, Fonseca JA, Singh B, Zhao C, Makarova N, Dmitriev I, Curiel DT, Blackwell J, Moreno A. A Recombinant Chimeric Ad5/3 Vector Expressing a Multistage Plasmodium Antigen Induces Protective Immunity in Mice Using Heterologous Prime-Boost Immunization Regimens. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:2748-61. [PMID: 27574299 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An ideal malaria vaccine should target several stages of the parasite life cycle and induce antiparasite and antidisease immunity. We have reported a Plasmodium yoelii chimeric multistage recombinant protein (P. yoelii linear peptide chimera/recombinant modular chimera), engineered to express several autologous T cell epitopes and sequences derived from the circumsporozoite protein and the merozoite surface protein 1. This chimeric protein elicits protective immunity, mediated by CD4(+) T cells and neutralizing Abs. However, experimental evidence, from pre-erythrocytic vaccine candidates and irradiated sporozoites, has shown that CD8(+) T cells play a significant role in protection. Recombinant viral vectors have been used as a vaccine platform to elicit effective CD8(+) T cell responses. The human adenovirus (Ad) serotype 5 has been tested in malaria vaccine clinical trials with excellent safety profile. Nevertheless, a major concern for the use of Ad5 is the high prevalence of anti-vector neutralizing Abs in humans, hampering its immunogenicity. To minimize the impact of anti-vector pre-existing immunity, we developed a chimeric Ad5/3 vector in which the knob region of Ad5 was replaced with that of Ad3, conferring partial resistance to anti-Ad5 neutralizing Abs. Furthermore, we implemented heterologous Ad/protein immunization regimens that include a single immunization with recombinant Ad vectors. Our data show that immunization with the recombinant Ad5/3 vector induces protective efficacy indistinguishable from that elicited by Ad5. Our study also demonstrates that the dose of the Ad vectors has an impact on the memory profile and protective efficacy. The results support further studies with Ad5/3 for malaria vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cabrera-Mora
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Jairo Andres Fonseca
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and
| | - Balwan Singh
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Natalia Makarova
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329
| | - Igor Dmitriev
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - David T Curiel
- Cancer Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| | - Jerry Blackwell
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and
| | - Alberto Moreno
- Emory Vaccine Center, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30303; and
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Rastall DPW, Seregin SS, Aldhamen YA, Kaiser LM, Mullins C, Liou A, Ing F, Pereria-Hicks C, Godbehere-Roosa S, Palmer D, Ng P, Amalfitano A. Long-term, high-level hepatic secretion of acid α-glucosidase for Pompe disease achieved in non-human primates using helper-dependent adenovirus. Gene Ther 2016; 23:743-752. [PMID: 27367841 DOI: 10.1038/gt.2016.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pompe disease (glycogen storage disease type II (GSD-II)) is a myopathy caused by a genetic deficiency of acid α-glucosidase (GAA) leading to lysosomal glycogen accumulation causing muscle weakness, respiratory insufficiency and death. We previously demonstrated in GSD-II mice that a single injection of a helper-dependent adenovirus (HD-Ad) expressing GAA resulted in at least 300 days of liver secretion of GAA, correction of the glycogen storage in cardiac and skeletal muscles and improved muscle strength. Recent reports suggest that gene therapy modeling for lysososomal storage diseases in mice fails to predict outcomes in larger animal models. We therefore evaluated an HD-Ad expressing GAA in non-human primates. The baboons not only tolerated the procedure well, but the results also confirmed that a single dose of the HD-Ad allowed the livers of the treated animals to express and secrete large amounts of GAA for at least 6 months, at levels similar to those achieved in mice. Moreover, we detected liver-derived GAA in the heart, diaphragm and skeletal muscles of the treated animals for the duration of the study at levels that corrected glycogen accumulation in mice. This work validates our proof-of-concept studies in mice, and justifies future efforts using Ad-based vectors in Pompe disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P W Rastall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S S Seregin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Y A Aldhamen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - L M Kaiser
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - C Mullins
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Liou
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - F Ing
- Keck School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Pereria-Hicks
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - S Godbehere-Roosa
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - D Palmer
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - P Ng
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A Amalfitano
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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23
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Xiang K, Ying G, Yan Z, Shanshan Y, Lei Z, Hongjun L, Maosheng S. Progress on adenovirus-vectored universal influenza vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 11:1209-22. [PMID: 25876176 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1016674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus (IFV) infection causes serious health problems and heavy financial burdens each year worldwide. The classical inactivated influenza virus vaccine (IIVV) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) must be updated regularly to match the new strains that evolve due to antigenic drift and antigenic shift. However, with the discovery of broadly neutralizing antibodies that recognize conserved antigens, and the CD8(+) T cell responses targeting viral internal proteins nucleoprotein (NP), matrix protein 1 (M1) and polymerase basic 1 (PB1), it is possible to develop a universal influenza vaccine based on the conserved hemagglutinin (HA) stem, NP, and matrix proteins. Recombinant adenovirus (rAd) is an ideal influenza vaccine vector because it has an ideal stability and safety profile, induces balanced humoral and cell-mediated immune responses due to activation of innate immunity, provides 'self-adjuvanting' activity, can mimic natural IFV infection, and confers seamless protection against mucosal pathogens. Moreover, this vector can be developed as a low-cost, rapid-response vaccine that can be quickly manufactured. Therefore, an adenovirus vector encoding conserved influenza antigens holds promise in the development of a universal influenza vaccine. This review will summarize the progress in adenovirus-vectored universal flu vaccines and discuss future novel approaches.
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Key Words
- ADCC, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
- APC, antigen-presenting cell
- Ad: adenovirus
- CAR, Coxsackie-Adenovirus Receptor
- CTLs, cytotoxic T lymphocytes
- DC, lung dendritic cells
- DVD, drug–vaccine duo
- FcγRs, Fc receptors for IgG
- HA, hemagglutinin
- HDAd, helper-dependent adenoviral
- HEK293, human embryonic kidney 293 cell
- HI, hemagglutination inhibition
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- IF-γ, interferon-γ
- IFV, Influenza virus
- IIVV, inactivated influenza virus vaccine
- IL-2, interleukin-2
- ITRs, inverted terminal repeats
- LAIV, live attenuated influenza vaccine
- M1, matrix protein 1
- M2, matrix protein 2
- MHC-I, major histocompatibility complex class I
- NA, neuraminidase
- NP, nucleoprotein
- RCA, replication competent adenovirus
- VAERD, vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease
- adenovirus vector
- broadly neutralizing antibodies
- cellular immunity
- flu, influenza
- hemagglutinin
- humoral immunity
- influenza
- mAbs, monoclonal antibodies
- mucosal immunity
- rAd, recombinant adenovirus
- universal vaccine
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Xiang
- a Department of Molecular Biology; Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Peking Union Medical College ; Kunming , Yunnan , PR China
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24
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Yang Y, Chi Y, Tang X, Ertl HCJ, Zhou D. Rapid, Efficient, and Modular Generation of Adenoviral Vectors via Isothermal Assembly. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 113:16.26.1-16.26.18. [PMID: 31773916 DOI: 10.1002/0471142727.mb1626s113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Adenoviral vectors have yielded promising results as carriers for gene transfer and vaccines in basic research and clinical applications. However, most common procedures to construct adenoviral vectors and manipulate adenovirus (Ad) genomes are complex and labor-intensive. An easy and detailed protocol for the rapid, efficient, and modular generation of chimpanzee Ad serotype 68 (AdC68) as a molecular clone via isothermal assembly, which directionally assembles multiple DNA fragments in a single isothermal reaction without restriction enzymes or ligases, is presented. Any serotype of adenovirus with the sequence of genome known can be constructed as a molecular clone by this method. Recombinant adenoviral vectors can be created via one-step isothermal assembly in <3 days, and recombinant Ads can be rescued within 8 days. This protocol is practical for manipulations of Ad genomes, because an entire Ad genome can be divided into specific fragments within modular plasmids. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Vaccine Research Center of Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yudan Chi
- Vaccine Research Center of Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinying Tang
- Vaccine Research Center of Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Dongming Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center of Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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25
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Cheng C, Wang L, Ko SY, Kong WP, Schmidt SD, Gall JGD, Colloca S, Seder RA, Mascola JR, Nabel GJ. Combination recombinant simian or chimpanzee adenoviral vectors for vaccine development. Vaccine 2015; 33:7344-7351. [PMID: 26514419 PMCID: PMC11059210 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adenoviral vector (rAd)-based vaccines are currently being developed for several infectious diseases and cancer therapy, but pre-existing seroprevalence to such vectors may prevent their use in broad human populations. In this study, we investigated the potential of low seroprevalence non-human primate rAd vectors to stimulate cellular and humoral responses using HIV/SIV Env glycoprotein (gp) as the representative antigen. Mice were immunized with novel simian or chimpanzee rAd (rSAV or rChAd) vectors encoding HIV gp or SIV gp by single immunization or in heterologous prime/boost combinations (DNA/rAd; rAd/rAd; rAd/NYVAC or rAd/rLCM), and adaptive immunity was assessed. Among the rSAV and rChAd tested, rSAV16 or rChAd3 vector alone generated the most potent immune responses. The DNA/rSAV regimen also generated immune responses similar to the DNA/rAd5 regimen. rChAd63/rChAd3 and rChAd3 /NYVAC induced similar or even higher levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell and IgG responses as compared to rAd28/rAd5, one of the most potent combinations of human rAds. The optimized vaccine regimen stimulated improved cellular immune responses and neutralizing antibodies against HIV compared to the DNA/rAd5 regimen. Based on these results, this type of novel rAd vector and its prime/boost combination regimens represent promising candidates for vaccine development.
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MESH Headings
- AIDS Vaccines/genetics
- AIDS Vaccines/immunology
- AIDS Vaccines/isolation & purification
- Adenoviruses, Simian/genetics
- Adenoviruses, Simian/immunology
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Drug Carriers
- Drug Discovery/methods
- Female
- Genetic Vectors
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- SAIDS Vaccines/genetics
- SAIDS Vaccines/immunology
- SAIDS Vaccines/isolation & purification
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/isolation & purification
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/isolation & purification
- Viral Vaccines/genetics
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/isolation & purification
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - Sung-Youl Ko
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - Wing-Pui Kong
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - Stephen D Schmidt
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - Jason G D Gall
- GenVec, Inc., 65 West Watkins Mill Rd., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, United States.
| | | | - Robert A Seder
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
| | - Gary J Nabel
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, United States.
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26
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Immunostimulatory Gene Therapy Using Oncolytic Viruses as Vehicles. Viruses 2015; 7:5780-91. [PMID: 26561829 PMCID: PMC4664972 DOI: 10.3390/v7112899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunostimulatory gene therapy has been developed during the past twenty years. The aim of immunostimulatory gene therapy is to tilt the suppressive tumor microenvironment to promote anti-tumor immunity. Hence, like a Trojan horse, the gene vehicle can carry warriors and weapons into enemy territory to combat the tumor from within. The most promising immune stimulators are those activating and sustaining Th1 responses, but even if potent effects were seen in preclinical models, many clinical trials failed to show objective responses in cancer patients. However, with new tools to control ongoing immunosuppression in cancer patients, immunostimulatory gene therapy is now emerging as an interesting option. In parallel, oncolytic viruses have been shown to be safe in patients. To prolong immune stimulation and to increase efficacy, these two fields are now merging and oncolytic viruses are armed with immunostimulatory transgenes. These novel agents are racing towards approval as established cancer immunotherapeutics.
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27
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Development of Novel Adenoviral Vectors to Overcome Challenges Observed With HAdV-5-based Constructs. Mol Ther 2015; 24:6-16. [PMID: 26478249 PMCID: PMC4754553 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant vectors based on human adenovirus serotype 5 (HAdV-5) have been extensively studied in preclinical models and clinical trials over the past two decades. However, the thorough understanding of the HAdV-5 interaction with human subjects has uncovered major concerns about its product applicability. High vector-associated toxicity and widespread preexisting immunity have been shown to significantly impede the effectiveness of HAdV-5–mediated gene transfer. It is therefore that the in-depth knowledge attained working on HAdV-5 is currently being used to develop alternative vectors. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of data obtained in recent years disqualifying the HAdV-5 vector for systemic gene delivery as well as novel strategies being pursued to overcome the limitations observed with particular emphasis on the ongoing vectorization efforts to obtain vectors based on alternative serotypes.
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28
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Xie L, Yan M, Wang X, Ye J, Mi K, Yan S, Niu X, Li H, Sun M. Immunogenicity and efficacy in mice of an adenovirus-based bicistronic rotavirus vaccine expressing NSP4 and VP7. Virus Res 2015; 210:298-307. [PMID: 26368053 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
NSP4 and VP7 are important functional proteins of rotavirus. Proper combination of viral gene expression is favorable to improving the protection effect of subunit vaccine. In the present study, We evaluated the immunogenicity and efficacy of the bicistronic recombinant adenovirus (rAd-NSP4-VP7) and two single-gene expressing adenoviruses (rAd-NSP4, rAd-VP7). The three adenovirus vaccines were used to immunize mice by intramuscular or intranasal administration. The data showed significant increases in serum antibodies, T lymphocyte subpopulations proliferation, and cytokine secretions of splenocyte in all immunized groups. However, the serum IgA and neutralizing antibody levels of the rAd-NSP4-VP7 or rAd-VP7 groups were significantly higher than those of the rAd-NSP4, while the splenocyte numbers of IFN-γ secretion in the rAd-NSP4-VP7 or rAd-NSP4 groups was greater than that of the rAd-VP7. Furthermore, the efficacy evaluation in a suckling mice model indicated that only rAd-NSP4-VP7 conferred significant protection against rotavirus shedding challenge. These results suggest that the co-expression of NSP4 and VP7 in an adenovirus vector induce both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses efficiently, and provide potential efficacy for protection against rotavirus disease. It is possible to represent an efficacious subunits vaccine strategy for control of rotavirus infection and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xie
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China; Kunming University, School of Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Min Yan
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Jing Ye
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Kai Mi
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Shanshan Yan
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Xianglian Niu
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.
| | - Maosheng Sun
- Institute of Medical Biology; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.
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29
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Chen X, Gonçalves MAFV. Engineered Viruses as Genome Editing Devices. Mol Ther 2015; 24:447-57. [PMID: 26336974 PMCID: PMC4786910 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2015.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome editing based on sequence-specific designer nucleases, also known as programmable nucleases, seeks to modify in a targeted and precise manner the genetic information content of living cells. Delivering into cells designer nucleases alone or together with donor DNA templates, which serve as surrogate homologous recombination (HR) substrates, can result in gene knockouts or gene knock-ins, respectively. As engineered replication-defective viruses, viral vectors are having an increasingly important role as delivery vehicles for donor DNA templates and designer nucleases, namely, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) and clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated Cas9 (CRISPR−Cas9) nucleases, also known as RNA-guided nucleases (RGNs). We review this dual role played by engineered viral particles on genome editing while focusing on their main scaffolds, consisting of lentiviruses, adeno-associated viruses, and adenoviruses. In addition, the coverage of the growing body of research on the repurposing of viral vectors as delivery systems for genome editing tools is complemented with information regarding their main characteristics, pros, and cons. Finally, this information is framed by a concise description of the chief principles, tools, and applications of the genome editing field as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Manuel A F V Gonçalves
- Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden, The Netherlands
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30
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Balint JP, Gabitzsch ES, Rice A, Latchman Y, Xu Y, Messerschmidt GL, Chaudhry A, Morse MA, Jones FR. Extended evaluation of a phase 1/2 trial on dosing, safety, immunogenicity, and overall survival after immunizations with an advanced-generation Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) vaccine in late-stage colorectal cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:977-87. [PMID: 25956394 PMCID: PMC4506904 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1706-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A phase 1/2 clinical trial evaluating dosing, safety, immunogenicity, and overall survival on metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients after immunotherapy with an advanced-generation Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) vaccine was performed. We report our extended observations on long-term overall survival and further immune analyses on a subset of treated patients including assessment of cytolytic T cell responses, T regulatory (Treg) to T effector (Teff) cell ratios, flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and determination of HLA-A2 status. An overall survival of 20 % (median survival 11 months) was observed during long-term follow-up, and no long-term adverse effects were reported. Cytolytic T cell responses increased after immunizations, and cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses were induced whether or not patients were HLA-A2 positive or Ad5 immune. PBMC samples from a small subset of patients were available for follow-up immune analyses. It was observed that the levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-specific CMI activity decreased from their peak values during follow-up in five patients analyzed. Preliminary results revealed that activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detected in a post-immunization sample exhibiting high CMI activity. Treg to Teff cell ratios were assessed, and samples from three of five patients exhibited a decrease in Treg to Teff cell ratio during the treatment protocol. Based upon the favorable safety and immunogenicity data obtained, we plan to perform an extensive immunologic and survival analysis on mCRC patients to be enrolled in a randomized/controlled clinical trial that investigates Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D) as a single agent with booster immunizations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Michael A. Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
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31
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Bitrus Y, Andrew JN, Owolodun OA, Luka PD, Umaru DA. The reoccurrence of H5N1 outbreaks necessitates the development of safe and effective influenza vaccine technologies for the prevention and control of avian influenza in Sub-Saharan Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/bmbr2015.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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32
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Gao Y, Li C, Wang H, Fan G. Acceleration of bone-defect repair by using A-W MGC loaded with BMP2 and triple point-mutant HIF1α-expressing BMSCs. J Orthop Surg Res 2015; 10:83. [PMID: 26018771 PMCID: PMC4450843 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0219-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The goal of this study is to explore the effects of A-W MGC (apatite-wollastonite magnetic bioactive glass-ceramic) loaded with BMP2 (bone morphogenetic protein 2)- and HIF1αmu (hypoxia-inducible factor 1 mutation)-expressing BMSCs (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) on the bone defect repair. Methods (1) BMSCs were infected with viral solution containing BMP2 and HIF1αmu with the best MOI (multiplicity of infection). The efficiency was observed via hrGFP (human renilla reniformis green fluorescent protein). (2) The cells were divided into five groups (A–E), and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activity was measured. (3) BMP2 and HIF1α (hypoxia-inducible factor 1α) protein were measured. (4) A-W MGC was loaded with BMSCs that contain the genes and implanted into the bone defect model. The animals were sacrificed 8 and 12 weeks later. (5) The healing was measured with X-ray, histology, and biomechanics. Results (1) BMSCs in A–D showed high transfection efficiency. (2) ALP in A and B was higher than the others (p = 0.041 or 0.038); A was higher than B (p = 0.038); (3) BMP2 in A and B was higher than the others (p = 0.014). HIF1α in A and C was higher than the others (p = 0.020). (4) 8 and 12 weeks after, an X-ray indicated that bone defect was nearly fully repaired in A and C. (5) 12 weeks after, the bone remodeling was complete in A and C. (6) The flexural strength in A and C was stronger than the others (p = 0.043). Conclusion Engineered A-W MGC with BMP2 and HIF1αmu-expressing BMSCs exhibits comparable therapeutic effects of bone-defect repair as an autologous bone graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhong Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, 110001, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China. .,2nd Ward of Bone and Joint, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, No.2, Wuduan, Renmin Street, 121001, Jinzhou, China.
| | - Chen Li
- Biobank, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, No.2, Wuduan, Renmin Street, 121001, Jinzhou, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- 2nd Ward of Bone and Joint, The First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, No.2, Wuduan, Renmin Street, 121001, Jinzhou, China.
| | - Guangyu Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated First Hospital of China Medical University, No. 155, Nanjing North Street, Heping District, 110001, Shenyang, Liaoning province, China.
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Guo X, Deng Y, Chen H, Lan J, Wang W, Zou X, Hung T, Lu Z, Tan W. Systemic and mucosal immunity in mice elicited by a single immunization with human adenovirus type 5 or 41 vector-based vaccines carrying the spike protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Immunology 2015; 145:476-84. [PMID: 25762305 PMCID: PMC4515128 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An ideal vaccine against mucosal pathogens such as Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) should confer sustained, protective immunity at both systemic and mucosal levels. Here, we evaluated the in vivo systemic and mucosal antigen-specific immune responses induced by a single intramuscular or intragastric administration of recombinant adenoviral type 5 (Ad5) or type 41 (Ad41) -based vaccines expressing the MERS-CoV spike (S) protein. Intragastric administration of either Ad5-S or Ad41-S induced antigen-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody in serum; however, antigen-specific T-cell responses were not detected. In contrast, after a single intramuscular dose of Ad5-S or Ad41-S, functional antigen-specific T-cell responses were elicited in the spleen and pulmonary lymphocytes of the mice, which persisted for several months. Both rAd-based vaccines administered intramuscularly induced systemic humoral immune responses (neutralizing IgG antibodies). Our results show that a single dose of Ad5-S- or Ad41-S-based vaccines represents an appealing strategy for the control of MERS-CoV infection and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Lan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathogenic Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Hung
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuozhuang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Virology, Ministry of Health; National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC, Beijing, China
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Wang D, Lv Y, Zhu H, Lv G, Huang J. Remedial applications of silencing ribonucleic acids and modalities for its delivery to the kidneys--a review. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2014; 11:89-93. [PMID: 25392587 DOI: 10.4314/ajtcam.v11i4.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Kidney has been the target organ for the delivery of silencing ribonucleic acids (silencing RNA) administered systemically in comparison to other body tissues. MATERIALS AND METHOD In this review, we discussed different approaches made to delivering proteins to the kidneys in different conditions like normal and pathological defects. Data from clinical experiments have been used to discuss and support the administration of silencing RNA for the treatment of kidney diseases. RESULTS Results were achieved using the available genome wide RNA libraries. CONCLUSION The research results are helpful in application to 3D and conventional models to find the involvement of signal pathways in kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjie Wang
- Medical Education Center, Langfang Health Vocational College, 065001. Langfang, Heibei Province, China
| | - Yanfen Lv
- Children Health Department, Langfang Women and Children's Health Center, 065000, Langfang, Heibei Province, China
| | - Huifang Zhu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Education Center, Langfang Health Vocational College, 065001, Langfang, Heibei Province, China
| | - Guifeng Lv
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Education Center, Langfang Health Vocational College, 065001, Langfang, Heibei Province, China
| | - Jiyi Huang
- Nephrology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Tongmin Branch Court, 361000, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China
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Crystal RG. Adenovirus: the first effective in vivo gene delivery vector. Hum Gene Ther 2014; 25:3-11. [PMID: 24444179 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2013.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, NY 10065
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Lukashevich IS, Shirwan H. Adenovirus-Based Vectors for the Development of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Vaccines. NOVEL TECHNOLOGIES FOR VACCINE DEVELOPMENT 2014. [PMCID: PMC7121347 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-1818-4_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases as well as cancer pose great global health impacts on the society. Vaccines have emerged as effective treatments to prevent or reduce the burdens of already developed diseases. This is achieved by means of activating various components of the immune system to generate systemic inflammatory reactions targeting infectious agents or diseased cells for control/elimination. DNA virus-based genetic vaccines gained significant attention in the past decades owing to the development of DNA manipulation technologies, which allowed engineering of recombinant viral vectors encoding sequences for foreign antigens or their immunogenic epitopes as well as various immunomodulatory molecules. Despite tremendous progress in the past 50 years, many hurdles still remain for achieving the full clinical potential of viral-vectored vaccines. This chapter will present the evolution of vaccines from “live” or “attenuated” first-generation agents to recombinant DNA and viral-vectored vaccines. Particular emphasis will be given to human adenovirus (Ad) for the development of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. Ad biological properties related to vaccine development will be highlighted along with their advantages and potential hurdles to be overcome. In particular, we will discuss (1) genetic modifications in the Ad capsid protein to reduce the intrinsic viral immunogenicity, (2) antigen capsid incorporation for effective presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system, (3) modification of the hexon and fiber capsid proteins for Ad liver de-targeting and selective retargeting to cancer cells, (4) Ad-based vaccines carrying “arming” transgenes with immunostimulatory functions as immune adjuvants, and (5) oncolytic Ad vectors as a new therapeutic approach against cancer. Finally, the combination of adenoviral vectors with other non-adenoviral vector systems, the prime/boost strategy of immunization, clinical trials involving Ad-based vaccines, and the perspectives for the field development will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor S Lukashevich
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicolog Department of Microbiology and Immunolog, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky USA
| | - Haval Shirwan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunolog, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky USA
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Intramuscular delivery of adenovirus serotype 5 vector expressing humanized protective antigen induces rapid protection against anthrax that may bypass intranasally originated preexisting adenovirus immunity. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2013; 21:156-64. [PMID: 24307239 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00560-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Developing an effective anthrax vaccine that can induce a rapid and sustained immune response is a priority for the prevention of bioterrorism-associated anthrax infection. Here, we developed a recombinant replication-deficient adenovirus serotype 5-based vaccine expressing the humanized protective antigen (Ad5-PAopt). A single intramuscular injection of Ad5-PAopt resulted in rapid and robust humoral and cellular immune responses in Fisher 344 rats. Animals intramuscularly inoculated with a single dose of 10⁸ infectious units of Ad5-PAopt achieved 100% protection from challenge with 10 times the 50% lethal dose (LD₅₀) of anthrax lethal toxin 7 days after vaccination. Although preexisting intranasally induced immunity to Ad5 slightly weakened the humoral and cellular immune responses to Ad5-PAopt via intramuscular inoculation, 100% protection was achieved 15 days after vaccination in Fisher 344 rats. The protective efficacy conferred by intramuscular vaccination in the presence of preexisting intranasally induced immunity was significantly better than that of intranasal delivery of Ad5-PAopt and intramuscular injection with recombinant PA and aluminum adjuvant without preexisting immunity. As natural Ad5 infection often occurs via the mucosal route, the work here largely illuminates that intramuscular inoculation with Ad5-PAopt can overcome the negative effects of immunity induced by prior adenovirus infection and represents an efficient approach for protecting against emerging anthrax.
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Morse MA, Chaudhry A, Gabitzsch ES, Hobeika AC, Osada T, Clay TM, Amalfitano A, Burnett BK, Devi GR, Hsu DS, Xu Y, Balcaitis S, Dua R, Nguyen S, Balint JP, Jones FR, Lyerly HK. Novel adenoviral vector induces T-cell responses despite anti-adenoviral neutralizing antibodies in colorectal cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:1293-301. [PMID: 23624851 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-013-1400-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
First-generation, E1-deleted adenovirus subtype 5 (Ad5)-based vectors, although promising platforms for use as cancer vaccines, are impeded in activity by naturally occurring or induced Ad-specific neutralizing antibodies. Ad5-based vectors with deletions of the E1 and the E2b regions (Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]), the latter encoding the DNA polymerase and the pre-terminal protein, by virtue of diminished late phase viral protein expression, were hypothesized to avoid immunological clearance and induce more potent immune responses against the encoded tumor antigen transgene in Ad-immune hosts. Indeed, multiple homologous immunizations with Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D), encoding the tumor antigen carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), induced CEA-specific cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses with antitumor activity in mice despite the presence of preexisting or induced Ad5-neutralizing antibody. In the present phase I/II study, cohorts of patients with advanced colorectal cancer were immunized with escalating doses of Ad5 [E1-, E2b-]-CEA(6D). CEA-specific CMI responses were observed despite the presence of preexisting Ad5 immunity in a majority (61.3 %) of patients. Importantly, there was minimal toxicity, and overall patient survival (48 % at 12 months) was similar regardless of preexisting Ad5 neutralizing antibody titers. The results demonstrate that, in cancer patients, the novel Ad5 [E1-, E2b-] gene delivery platform generates significant CMI responses to the tumor antigen CEA in the setting of both naturally acquired and immunization-induced Ad5-specific immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Morse
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Triple Point-Mutants of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Accelerate In Vivo Angiogenesis in Bone Defect Regions. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 67:557-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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40
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De BP, Pagovich OE, Hicks MJ, Rosenberg JB, Moreno AY, Janda KD, Koob GF, Worgall S, Kaminsky SM, Sondhi D, Crystal RG. Disrupted adenovirus-based vaccines against small addictive molecules circumvent anti-adenovirus immunity. Hum Gene Ther 2012; 24:58-66. [PMID: 23140508 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2012.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) vaccine vectors have been used for many applications due to the capacity of the Ad capsid proteins to evoke potent immune responses, but these vectors are often ineffective in the context of pre-existing anti-Ad immunity. Leveraging the knowledge that E1(-)E3(-) Ad gene transfer vectors are potent immunogens, we have developed a vaccine platform against small molecules by covalently coupling analogs of small molecules to the capsid proteins of disrupted Ad (dAd5). We hypothesized that the dAd5 platform would maintain immunopotency even in the context of anti-Ad neutralizing antibodies. To test this hypothesis, we coupled cocaine and nicotine analogs, GNE and AM1, to dAd5 capsid proteins to generate dAd5GNE and dAd5AM1, respectively. Mice were pre-immunized with Ad5Null, resulting in high titer anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies comparable to those observed in the human population. The dAd5GNE and dAd5AM1 vaccines elicited high anti-cocaine and anti-nicotine antibody titers, respectively, in both naive and Ad5-immune mice, and both functioned to prevent cocaine or nicotine from reaching the brain of anti-Ad immune mice. Thus, disrupted Ad5 evokes potent humoral immunity that is effective in the context of pre-existing neutralizing anti-Ad immunity, overcoming a major limitation for current Ad-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishnu P De
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Yu B, Wang Z, Dong J, Wang C, Gu L, Sun C, Kong W, Yu X. A serological survey of human adenovirus serotype 2 and 5 circulating pediatric populations in Changchun, China, 2011. Virol J 2012; 9:287. [PMID: 23176136 PMCID: PMC3515344 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Efficacy of recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) vaccine vectors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other pathogens have been shown to be limited by high titers of pre-existing Ad5 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in the developing world. Results Using a secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) neutralization assay, 50% serum neutralization titers against rAd2 and rAd5 vectors were measured in samples from 274 infants and young children in northeast China. The pediatric population was found to be 59.6% and 43.3% seropositive for rAd2 and rAd5, respectively. Of all participants, 44.9% had moderate and high (> 200) and 25.6% had high (>1000) Ad2 NAb titers, compared with the corresponding rates of 26.6% and 9.3% against Ad5. Marked age-dependent increases in NAb titers to both Ad serotypes were observed across five age groups, with the exception of infants in the 0-6-month group commonly having relatively high titers due to pre-existing maternal antibodies. Conclusions Our data suggest that Ad-based therapies may be suitible for children in the 7-12-month age range in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
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Abstract
The emergence of a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 has increased the potential for a new pandemic to occur. This event highlights the necessity for developing a new generation of influenza vaccines to counteract influenza disease. These vaccines must be manufactured for mass immunization of humans in a timely manner. Poultry should be included in this policy, since persistent infected flocks are the major source of avian influenza for human infections. Recombinant adenoviral vectored H5N1 vaccines are an attractive alternative to the currently licensed influenza vaccines. This class of vaccines induces a broadly protective immunity against antigenically distinct H5N1, can be manufactured rapidly, and may allow mass immunization of human and poultry. Recombinant adenoviral vectors derived from both human and non-human adenoviruses are currently being investigated and appear promising both in nonclinical and clinical studies. This review will highlight the current status of various adenoviral vectored H5N1 vaccines and will outline novel approaches for the future.
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Bergmann-Leitner ES, Duncan EH, Mease RM, Angov E. Impact of pre-existing MSP1(42)-allele specific immunity on potency of an erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum vaccine. Malar J 2012; 11:315. [PMID: 22958482 PMCID: PMC3502560 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-11-315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MSP1 is the major surface protein on merozoites and a prime candidate for a blood stage malaria vaccine. Preclinical and seroepidemiological studies have implicated antibodies to MSP1 in protection against blood stage parasitaemia and/or reduced parasite densities, respectively. Malaria endemic areas have multiple strains of Plasmodium falciparum circulating at any given time, giving rise to complex immune responses, an issue which is generally not addressed in clinical trials conducted in non-endemic areas. A lack of understanding of the effect of pre-existing immunity to heterologous parasite strains may significantly contribute to vaccine failure in the field. The purpose of this study was to model the effect of pre-existing immunity to MSP142 on the immunogenicity of blood-stage malaria vaccines based on alternative MSP1 alleles. Methods Inbred and outbred mice were immunized with various recombinant P. falciparum MSP142 proteins that represent the two major alleles of MSP142, MAD20 (3D7) and Wellcome (K1, FVO). Humoral immune responses were analysed by ELISA and LuminexTM, and functional activity of induced MSP142-specific antibodies was assessed by growth inhibition assays. T-cell responses were characterized using ex vivo ELISpot assays. Results Analysis of the immune responses induced by various immunization regimens demonstrated a strong allele-specific response at the T cell level in both inbred and outbred mice. The success of heterologous regimens depended on the degree of homology of the N-terminal p33 portion of the MSP142, likely due to the fact that most T cell epitopes reside in this part of the molecule. Analysis of humoral immune responses revealed a marked cross-reactivity between the alleles. Functional analyses showed that some of the heterologous regimens induced antibodies with improved growth inhibitory activities. Conclusion The development of a more broadly efficacious MSP1 based vaccine may be hindered by clonally imprinted p33 responses mainly restricted at the T cell level. In this study, the homology of the p33 sequence between the clonally imprinted response and the vaccine allele determines the magnitude of vaccine induced responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke S Bergmann-Leitner
- Malaria Vaccine Branch, US Military Malaria Vaccine Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
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Abstract
Viral vectors have been developed as vaccine platforms for a number of pathogens and tumors. In particular, adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors expressing genes coding for pathogen or tumor antigens have proven efficacious to induce protective immunity. Major challenges in the use of Ad vectors are the high prevalence of anti-Ad immunity and the recent observation during an Ad-based HIV vaccine trial that led to increased HIV-1 acquisition in the presence of circulating anti-Ad5 neutralizing antibodies. In this review we summarize strategies to address these challenges and focus on modifications of the Ad capsid to enhance the adjuvant effect of anti-Ad immunogenicity and to circumvent pre-existing immunity. In addition, we summarize the current status and potential of other viral vector vaccines based on adeno-associated viruses, lentiviruses and poxviruses.
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Aldhamen YA, Seregin SS, Schuldt NJ, Rastall DPW, Liu CJJ, Godbehere S, Amalfitano A. Vaccines expressing the innate immune modulator EAT-2 elicit potent effector memory T lymphocyte responses despite pre-existing vaccine immunity. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2012; 189:1349-59. [PMID: 22745373 PMCID: PMC11119577 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The mixed results from recent vaccine clinical trials targeting HIV-1 justify the need to enhance the potency of HIV-1 vaccine platforms in general. Use of first-generation recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (rAd5) platforms failed to protect vaccinees from HIV-1 infection. One hypothesis is that the rAd5-based vaccine failed due to the presence of pre-existing Ad5 immunity in many vaccines. We recently confirmed that EAT-2-expressing rAd5 vectors uniquely activate the innate immune system and improve cellular immune responses against rAd5-expressed Ags, inclusive of HIV/Gag. In this study, we report that use of the rAd5-EAT-2 vaccine can also induce potent cellular immune responses to HIV-1 Ags despite the presence of Ad5-specific immunity. Compared to controls expressing a mutant SH2 domain form of EAT-2, Ad5 immune mice vaccinated with an rAd5-wild-type EAT-2 HIV/Gag-specific vaccine formulation significantly facilitated the induction of several arms of the innate immune system. These responses positively correlated with an improved ability of the vaccine to induce stronger effector memory T cell-biased, cellular immune responses to a coexpressed Ag despite pre-existing anti-Ad5 immunity. Moreover, inclusion of EAT-2 in the vaccine mixture improves the generation of polyfunctional cytolytic CD8(+) T cell responses as characterized by enhanced production of IFN-γ, TNF-α, cytotoxic degranulation, and increased in vivo cytolytic activity. These data suggest a new approach whereby inclusion of EAT-2 expression in stringent human vaccination applications can provide a more effective vaccine against HIV-1 specifically in Ad5 immune subjects.
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MESH Headings
- AIDS Vaccines/genetics
- AIDS Vaccines/immunology
- AIDS Vaccines/pharmacology
- Adaptive Immunity/genetics
- Adenoviridae/genetics
- Adenoviridae/immunology
- Animals
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/pharmacology
- Cell Line
- Cells, Cultured
- Genetic Vectors
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Immunologic Memory/genetics
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Transcription Factors/biosynthesis
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/physiology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Ali Aldhamen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Sergey S. Seregin
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Nathaniel J. Schuldt
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - David P. W. Rastall
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Chyong-jy J. Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Sarah Godbehere
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Andrea Amalfitano
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Osada T, Morse MA, Hobeika A, Lyerly HK. Novel recombinant alphaviral and adenoviral vectors for cancer immunotherapy. Semin Oncol 2012; 39:305-10. [PMID: 22595053 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2012.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Although cellular immunotherapy based on autolgous dendritic cells (DCs) targeting antigens expressed by metastatic cancer has demonstrated clinical efficacy, the logistical challenges in generating an individualized cell product create an imperative to develop alternatives to DC-based cancer vaccines. Particularly attractive alternatives include in situ delivery of antigen and activation signals to resident antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which can be achieved by novel fusion molecules targeting the mannose receptor and by recombinant viral vectors expressing the antigen of interest and capable of infecting DCs. A particular challenge in the use of viral vectors is the well-appreciated clinical obstacles to their efficacy, specifically vector-specific neutralizing immune responses. Because heterologous prime and boost strategies have been demonstrated to be particularly potent, we developed two novel recombinant vectors based on alphaviral replicon particles and a next-generation adenovirus encoding an antigen commonly overexpressed in many human cancers, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The rationale for developing these vectors, their unique characteristics, the preclinical studies and early clinical experience with each, and opportunities to enhance their effectiveness will be reviewed. The potential of each of these potent recombinant vectors to efficiently generate clinically active anti-tumor immune response alone, or in combination, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Osada
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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Liu Q, Nie J, Huang W, Meng S, Yuan B, Gao D, Xu X, Wang Y. Comparison of two high-throughput assays for quantification of adenovirus type 5 neutralizing antibodies in a population of donors in China. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37532. [PMID: 22655054 PMCID: PMC3360048 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of various levels of Adenovirus serotype 5 neutralizing antibodies (Ad5NAb) is thought to contribute to the inconsistent clinical results obtained from vaccination and gene therapy studies. Currently, two platforms based on high-throughput technology are available for Ad5NAb quantification, chemiluminescence- and fluorescence-based assays. The aim of this study was to compare the results of two assays in the seroepidemiology of Ad5NAb in a local population of donors. Methodology/Principal Findings The fluorescence-based neutralizing antibody detection test (FRNT) using recombinant Ad5-EGFP virus and the chemiluminescence-based neutralizing antibody test (CLNT) using Ad5-Fluc were developed and standardized for detecting the presence of Ad5NAb in serum samples from the population of donors in Beijing and Anhui provinces, China. First, the overall percentage of people positive for Ad5NAb performed by CLNT was higher than that obtained by FRNT (85.4 vs 69.9%, p<0.001). There was an 84.5% concordance between the two assays for the 206 samples tested (144 positive in both assays and 30 negative in both assays). All 32 discordant sera were CLNT-positive/FRNT-negative and were confirmed positive by western blot. Secondly, for all 144 sera positive by both assays, the two assays showed high correlation (r = 0.94, p<0.001) and close agreement (mean difference: 0.395 log10, 95% CI: −0.054 log10 to 0.845 log10). Finally, it was found by both assays that there was no significant difference observed for titer or prevalence by gender (p = 0.503 vs 0.818, for two assays); however, age range (p = 0.049 vs 0.010) and geographic origin (p = 0.007 vs 0.011) were correlated with Ad5NAb prevalence in northern regions of China. Conclusion The CLNT assay was relatively more simple and had higher sensitivity than the FRNT assay for determining Ad5NAb titers. It is strongly suggested that the CLNT assay be used for future epidemiological studies of Ad5NAb in other localities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianhui Nie
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Shufang Meng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Baozhu Yuan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | | | - Xuemei Xu
- Department of Biophysics and Structural Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XX); (YW)
| | - Youchun Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, Department of Cell Biology, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (XX); (YW)
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Yu B, Wang C, Dong J, Zhang M, Zhang H, Wu J, Wu Y, Kong W, Yu X. Chimeric hexon HVRs protein reflects partial function of adenovirus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2012; 421:170-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.03.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Optimized adenovirus-antibody complexes stimulate strong cellular and humoral immune responses against an encoded antigen in naive mice and those with preexisting immunity. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 19:84-95. [PMID: 22089246 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.05319-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The immune response to recombinant adenoviruses is the most significant impediment to their clinical use for immunization. We test the hypothesis that specific virus-antibody combinations dictate the type of immune response generated against the adenovirus and its transgene cassette under certain physiological conditions while minimizing vector-induced toxicity. In vitro and in vivo assays were used to characterize the transduction efficiency, the T and B cell responses to the encoded transgene, and the toxicity of 1 × 10(11) adenovirus particles mixed with different concentrations of neutralizing antibodies. Complexes formed at concentrations of 500 to 0.05 times the 50% neutralizing dose (ND(50)) elicited strong virus- and transgene-specific T cell responses. The 0.05-ND(50) formulation elicited measurable anti-transgene antibodies that were similar to those of virus alone (P = 0.07). This preparation also elicited very strong transgene-specific memory T cell responses (28.6 ± 5.2% proliferation versus 7.7 ± 1.4% for virus alone). Preexisting immunity significantly reduced all responses elicited by these formulations. Although lower concentrations (0.005 and 0.0005 ND(50)) of antibody did not improve cellular and humoral responses in naïve animals, they did promote strong cellular (0.005 ND(50)) and humoral (0.0005 ND(50)) responses in mice with preexisting immunity. Some virus-antibody complexes may improve the potency of adenovirus-based vaccines in naïve individuals, while others can sway the immune response in those with preexisting immunity. Additional studies with these and other virus-antibody ratios may be useful to predict and model the type of immune responses generated against a transgene in those with different levels of exposure to adenovirus.
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Al-Jamal WT, Kostarelos K. Liposomes: from a clinically established drug delivery system to a nanoparticle platform for theranostic nanomedicine. Acc Chem Res 2011; 44:1094-104. [PMID: 21812415 DOI: 10.1021/ar200105p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
For decades, clinicians have used liposomes, self-assembled lipid vesicles, as nanoscale systems to deliver encapsulated anthracycline molecules for cancer treatment. The more recent proposition to combine liposomes with nanoparticles remains at the preclinical development stages; however, such hybrid constructs present great opportunities to engineer theranostic nanoscale delivery systems, which can combine simultaneous therapeutic and imaging functions. Many novel nanoparticles of varying chemical compositions are being developed in nanotechnology laboratories, but further chemical modification is often required to make these structures compatible with the biological milieu in vitro and in vivo. Such nanoparticles have shown promise as diagnostic and therapeutic tools and generally offer a large surface area that allows covalent and non-covalent surface functionalization with hydrophilic polymers, therapeutic moieties, and targeting ligands. In most cases, such surface manipulation diminishes the theranostic properties of nanoparticles and makes them less stable. From our perspective, liposomes offer structural features that can make nanoparticles biocompatible and present a clinically proven, versatile platform for further enhancement of the pharmacological and diagnostic efficacy of nanoparticles. In this Account, we describe two examples of liposome-nanoparticle hybrids developed as theranostics: liposome-quantum dot hybrids loaded with a cytotoxic drug (doxorubicin) and artificially enveloped adenoviruses. We incorporated quantum dots into lipid bilayers, which rendered them dispersible in physiological conditions. This overall vesicular structure allowed them to be loaded with doxorubicin molecules. These structures exhibited cytotoxic activity and labeled cells both in vitro and in vivo. In an alternative design, lipid bilayers assembled around non-enveloped viral nanoparticles and altered their infection tropism in vitro and in vivo with no chemical or genetic capsid modifications. Overall, we have attempted to illustrate how alternative strategies to incorporate nanoparticles into liposomal nanostructures can overcome some of the shortcomings of nanoparticles. Such hybrid structures could offer diagnostic and therapeutic combinations suitable for biomedical and even clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa' T Al-Jamal
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Centre for Drug Delivery Research, The School of Pharmacy, University of London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, United Kingdom
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