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Zhu A, Gao S, Huang L, Chen H, Zhang Q, Sun D, Gu Y. Effects of Fatigue and Unanticipated Factors on Knee Joint Biomechanics in Female Basketball Players during Cutting. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4759. [PMID: 39066155 PMCID: PMC11280919 DOI: 10.3390/s24144759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
(1) This study examined the impact of fatigue and unanticipated factors on knee biomechanics during sidestep cutting and lateral shuffling in female basketball players, assessing the potential for non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. (2) Twenty-four female basketball players underwent fatigue induction and unanticipated change of direction tests, and kinematic and kinetic parameters were collected before and after fatigue with a Vicon motion capture system and Kistler ground reaction force (GRF) sensor. (3) Analysis using two-way repeated-measures ANOVA showed no significant interaction between fatigue and unanticipated factors on joint kinematics and kinetics. Unanticipated conditions significantly increased the knee joint flexion and extension angle (p < 0.01), decreased the knee flexion moment under anticipated conditions, and increased the knee valgus moment after fatigue (p ≤ 0.05). One-dimensional statistical parametric mapping (SPM1d) results indicated significant differences in GRF during sidestep cutting and knee inversion and rotation moments during lateral shuffling post-fatigue. (4) Unanticipated factors had a greater impact on knee load patterns, raising ACL injury risk. Fatigue and unanticipated factors were independent risk factors and should be considered separately in training programs to prevent lower limb injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aojie Zhu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (A.Z.); (S.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Shunxiang Gao
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (A.Z.); (S.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Li Huang
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (A.Z.); (S.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Hairong Chen
- Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary; (H.C.); (Q.Z.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Qiaolin Zhang
- Doctoral School on Safety and Security Sciences, Óbuda University, 1034 Budapest, Hungary; (H.C.); (Q.Z.)
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Szeged, 6724 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dong Sun
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (A.Z.); (S.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (A.Z.); (S.G.); (L.H.)
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Dewig HG, Cohen JN, Renaghan EJ, Leary ME, Leary BK, Au JS, Tenan MS. Are Wearable Photoplethysmogram-Based Heart Rate Variability Measures Equivalent to Electrocardiogram? A Simulation Study. Sports Med 2024:10.1007/s40279-024-02066-5. [PMID: 38935328 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional electrocardiography (ECG)-derived heart rate variability (HRV) and photoplethysmography (PPG)-derived "HRV" (termed PRV) have been reported interchangeably. Any potential dissociation between HRV and PRV could be due to the variability in pulse arrival time (PAT; time between heartbeat and peripheral pulse). OBJECTIVE This study examined if PRV is equivalent to ECG-derived HRV and if PRV's innate error makes it a high-quality measurement separate from HRV. METHODS ECG data from 1084 subjects were obtained from the PhysioNet Autonomic Aging dataset, and individual PAT dispersions for both the wrist (n = 42) and finger (n = 49) were derived from Mol et al. (Exp Gerontol. 2020; 135: 110938). A Bayesian simulation was constructed whereby the individual arrival times of the PPG wave were calculated by placing a Gaussian prior on the individual QRS-wave timings of each ECG series. The standard deviation (σ) of the prior corresponds to the PAT dispersion from Mol et al. This was simulated 10,000 times for each PAT σ. The root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and standard deviation of N-N intervals (SDNN) were calculated for both HRV and PRV. The Region of Practical Equivalence bounds (ROPE) were set a priori at ± 0.2% of true HRV. The highest density interval (HDI) width, encompassing 95% of the posterior distribution, was calculated for each PAT σ. RESULTS The lowest PAT σ (2.0 SD) corresponded to 88.4% within ROPE for SDNN and 21.4% for RMSSD. As the σ of PAT increases, the equivalence of PRV and HRV decreases for both SDNN and RMSSD. The HDI interval width increases with increasing PAT σ, with the HDI width increasing at a higher rate for RMSSD than SDNN. CONCLUSIONS For individuals with greater PAT variability, PRV is not a surrogate for HRV. When considering PRV as a unique biometric measure, SDNN may have more favorable measurement properties than RMSSD, though both exhibit a non-uniform measurement error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden G Dewig
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, 33 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Jeremy N Cohen
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Eric J Renaghan
- Department of Athletics, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Miriam E Leary
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Brian K Leary
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jason S Au
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Matthew S Tenan
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, 33 Medical Center Dr, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
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Stephens JA, Hernandez-Sarabia JA, Sharp JL, Leach HJ, Bell C, Thomas ML, Buryznska AZ, Weaver JA, Schmid AA. Adaptive yoga versus low-impact exercise for adults with chronic acquired brain injury: a pilot randomized control trial protocol. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1291094. [PMID: 38077184 PMCID: PMC10701427 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1291094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Each year, millions of Americans sustain acquired brain injuries (ABI) which result in functional impairments, such as poor balance and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. Although significant time and energy are dedicated to reducing functional impairment in acute phase of ABI, many individuals with chronic ABI have residual impairments that increase fall risk, decrease quality of life, and increase mortality. In previous work, we have found that yoga can improve balance in adults with chronic (i.e., ≥6 months post-injury) ABI. Moreover, yoga has been shown to improve ANS and brain function in healthy adults. Thus, adults with chronic ABI may show similar outcomes. This protocol details the methods used to examine the effects of a group yoga program, as compared to a group low-impact exercise, on primary and secondary outcomes in adults with chronic ABI. Methods This study is a single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing group yoga to group low-impact exercise. Participants must be ≥18 years old with chronic ABI and moderate balance impairments. Group yoga and group exercise sessions occur twice a week for 1 h for 8 weeks. Sessions are led by trained adaptive exercise specialists. Primary outcomes are balance and ANS function. Secondary outcomes are brain function and structure, cognition, quality of life, and qualitative experiences. Data analysis for primary and most secondary outcomes will be completed with mixed effect statistical methods to evaluate the within-subject factor of time (i.e., pre vs. post intervention), the between-subject factor of group (yoga vs. low-impact exercise), and interaction effects. Deductive and inductive techniques will be used to analyze qualitative data. Discussion Due to its accessibility and holistic nature, yoga has significant potential for improving balance and ANS function, along with other capacities, in adults with chronic ABI. Because there are also known benefits of exercise and group interaction, this study compares yoga to a similar, group exercise intervention to explore if yoga has a unique benefit for adults with chronic ABI.Clinical trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05793827. Registered on March 31, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaclyn A. Stephens
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Molecular Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Sharp Analytics, LCC, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | - Julia L. Sharp
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | | | | | - Michael L. Thomas
- Molecular Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Agnieszka Z. Buryznska
- Molecular Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Weaver
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Arlene A. Schmid
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Center for Healthy Aging, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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Moreira RM, Rosário RC, Boggiss ÉA, Lima RAD, Silva PA, Silva KPD, Farias CLD, Santos VDQD, Silva JRTD, Simões RP, Terra AMSV, Santos ATS. Effect of Systemic and Auricular Acupuncture with a 2/100 Hz Frequency and Nogier Frequency in Fibromyalgia: a Randomized Clinical Trial, Pilot Study. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2023; 16:139-151. [PMID: 37609769 DOI: 10.51507/j.jams.2023.16.4.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Fibromyalgia is a syndrome of chronic, generalized muscular pain, accompanied by sleep disturbances, fatigue and cardic autonomic dysfunction that will affect the quality of life. There is currently no gold standard treatment. There are limitations of studies with electroacupuncture in auricular acupuncture. Objectives We evaluate the effects of systemic electroacupuncture (EA) with frequencies of 2/100 Hz associated of auricular acupuncture with a Nogier frequency (2.28, 4.56 and 9.12 Hz) for pain intensity, heart rate variability (HRV), and quality of life in fibromyalgia. Methods Randomized clinical trial, a pilot study. Eighteen volunteers were randomized into a control group (CG, n = 9) and an experimental group (EG, n = 9). Six systemic EA sessions systemic and auricular were applied in the EG for 20 min, twice a week, for six weeks consecutive. The Numerical Pain Assessment Scale (NPRS), 2010 diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (FDC 2010), Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and analysis of HRV were the instruments used. The independent t-test compared to the groups was applied. Results There was no statistically significant difference for the primary outcome for NPRS (p > 0.05). In the secondary outcome there was a significant difference in the total score and in some FIQ domains (p = 0.008) and some variables such as pain (p = 0.02) and anxiety (p = 0.006). There was no significant difference for the FDC 2010 and HRV variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion 2/100 Hz systemic EA associated with the Nogier frequency positively influenced some quality of life variables; however, pain intensity, diagnostic criteria, and HRV variables did not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Maria Moreira
- Pos-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Rhaynara Coelho Rosário
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Érika Almeida Boggiss
- Pos-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Rosana Aparecida de Lima
- Pos-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Paula Aparecida Silva
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Karol Priscila da Silva
- Pos-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Caroline Lima de Farias
- Pos-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Queiroz Dos Santos
- Pos-Graduation Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Polaquini Simões
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Andréia Maria Silva Vilela Terra
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
| | - Adriana Teresa Silva Santos
- Human Performance Research Laboratory, Institute of Motor Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Santa Clara Campus, Alfenas-MG, Brazil
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Lichti J, Maggioni MA, Balcerek B, Becker PN, Labes R, Gunga HC, Fähling M, Steinach M. The relevance of body composition assessment for the rating of perceived exertion in trained and untrained women and men. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1188802. [PMID: 37593237 PMCID: PMC10431604 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1188802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Mechanic power output (MPO) and oxygen consumption (VO2) reflect endurance capacity and are often stated relative to body mass (BM) but less often per skeletal muscle mass (SMM). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) has previously shown conflicting results between sexes at submaximal intensities. Individual body composition, however, largely differs due to sex and training status. It was the aim of this study to evaluate RPE of untrained and trained individuals of both sexes considering body composition and to estimate whether RPE could be improved as a tool to determine endurance capacity. Methods: The study included 34 untrained adults (age 26.18 ± 6.34 years, 18 women) and 29 endurance trained (age 27.86 ± 5.19, 14 women) who were measured for body composition (InBody 770, InBody Europe B.V., Germany) and tested on a treadmill (Pulsar, H/P/Cosmos, Germany) for aerobic capacity (Metalyzer 3B, Cortex Biophysik GmbH, Germany) in an all-out exercise test applying the Bruce-protocol. VO2, MPO, heart rate (HR), and RPE were obtained at each exercise stage. VO2 and MPO were calculated per BM and SMM. RPE values were correlated with absolute VO2 and MPO, as well as relative to BM, and SMM. HR values and the parameters' standardized values served for comparison to standard procedures. Results: VO2 and MPO were higher in men compared to women and in trained compared to untrained participants. No differences between groups and sexes exist when VO2 and MPO were calculated per BM. When calculated per SMM, VO2 and MPO indicate opposite results already at low intensity stages of exercise test. RPE values had highest correlation with MPO per SMM (R2 = 0.8345) compared to absolute MPO (R2 = 0.7609), or MPO per BM (R2 = 0.8176). Agreement between RPE and MPO per SMM was greater than between RPE and HR (p = 0.008). Conclusion: Although RPE represents a subjective value at first glance, it was shown that RPE constitutes a valuable tool to estimate endurance capacity, which can be further enhanced if individual body composition is considered. Furthermore, MPO and VO2 should be considered relative to SMM. These findings might help to avoid over-exertion, especially among untrained people, by adjusting the training intensity for each subject according to the individual strain evaluated in an exercise test based on individual body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lichti
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Anna Maggioni
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Björn Balcerek
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Nils Becker
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Labes
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Fähling
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Translational Physiology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Steinach
- Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Chaves Quirino PG, Rizzo JÂ, Hunter S, de Albuquerque Rodrigues Filho E, Sarinho E, de Almeida Santos CM, Medeiros D, Costa EC, Silva AS, Farah BQ, de Valois Correia Júnior MA. Is there cardiac autonomic dysfunction in children and adolescents with exercise-induced bronchospasm? Expert Rev Respir Med 2023; 17:823-831. [PMID: 37795708 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2023.2265819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pulmonary impairment in patients with bronchoconstriction induced by eucapnic voluntary hyperpnea(EVH) goes beyond the respiratory system, also impairing autonomic nervous modulation. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of cardiac autonomic modulation in young asthmatics with and without EIB after the EVH test. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study design using 54 asthmatics(51.9% female), aged between 10 and 19 years, investigated with the EVH test. Forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1) was measured at 5, 10, 15, and 30 min after EVH. Heart rate variability(HRV) measures of time were assessed pre and 30 min-post EVH. The diagnosis of Exercise-Induced bronchoconstriction with underlying clinical asthma(EIBA) was confirmed by a fall in FEV1 ≥10% compared to baseline. RESULTS Thirty(55.5%) asthmatics had EIBA. Subjects with EIBA have reduced mean of the R-R intervals in relation to baseline until 15 minutes after EVH. Individuals without EIBA had increased parasympathetic activity compared to baseline(rMSSD) from 5 min after EVH(p < 0.05). This parasympathetic activity increase in relation to baseline was seen in individuals with EIBA after 25 minutes (rMSSD = 49.9 ± 5.3 vs 63.5 ± 7.2, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Young asthmatics with EIBA present a delay in the increase of the parasympathetic component after EVH when compared to asthmatics without EIBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyanna Guerra Chaves Quirino
- Associated Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco and Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Recife, Brazil
| | - José Ângelo Rizzo
- Allergy and clinical immunology department, Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Steve Hunter
- Sport and Exercise Science Research Centre, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank University, London, UK
| | | | - Emanuel Sarinho
- Allergy and clinical immunology department, Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Camila Matias de Almeida Santos
- Associated Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco and Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Recife, Brazil
| | - Decio Medeiros
- Allergy and clinical immunology department, Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Emilia Chagas Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Sérgio Silva
- Associated Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco and Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Recife, Brazil
| | - Breno Quintella Farah
- Department of Physical Education, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurélio de Valois Correia Júnior
- Associated Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Universidade de Pernambuco and Universidade Federal da Paraiba, Recife, Brazil
- Allergy and clinical immunology department, Hospital das Clínicas. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Hebiatrics, Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Jiménez-Martínez P, Alix-Fages C, Janicijevic D, Miras-Moreno S, Chacón-Ventura S, Martín-Olmedo JJ, De La Cruz-Márquez JC, Osuna-Prieto FJ, Jurado-Fasoli L, Amaro-Gahete FJ, García-Ramos A, Colado JC. Effects of phenylcapsaicin on aerobic capacity and physiological parameters in active young males: a randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1190345. [PMID: 37228817 PMCID: PMC10203624 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1190345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Phenylcapsaicin (PC) is a new capsaicin analog which has exhibited a higher bioavailability. This sudy assessed the effects of a low dose (LD) of 0.625 mg and a high dose (HD) of 2.5 mg of PC on aerobic capacity, substrate oxidation, energy metabolism and exercise physiological variables in young males. Materials and methods: Seventeen active males (age = 24.7 ± 6.0 years) enrolled to this randomized, triple-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Participants attended the laboratory on 4 sessions separated by 72-96 h. A submaximal exercise test [to determine maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity at MFO (FATmax)] followed by a maximal incremental test (to determine VO2max) were performed in a preliminary session. The subsequent sessions only differed in the supplement ingested [LD, HD or placebo (PLA)] and consisted of a steady-state test (60 min at FATmax) followed by a maximal incremental test. Energy metabolism, substrate oxidation, heart rate, general (gRPE) and quadriceps (RPEquad) rate of perceived exertion, skin temperature and thermal perception were tested. Results: Clavicle thermal perception was lower in HD compared to PLA and LD (p = 0.04) across time. HD reduced maximum heart rate in comparison to PLA and LD (p = 0.03). LD reported higher general RPE (RPEg) values during the steady-state test compared to PLA and HD across time (p = 0.02). HD and LD elicited higher peak of fat oxidation during the steady-state test compared with PLA (p = 0.05). Intra-test analyses revealed significant differences for fat oxidation (FATox) in favor of HD and LD compared to PLA (p = 0.002 and 0.002, respectively), and for carbohydrate oxidation (CHOox) (p = 0.05) and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) (p = 0.03) for PLA. In the incremental test, only general RPE at 60% of the maximal intensity (W) differed favoring HD (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, PC may contribute to increase aerobic capacity through the improvement of fat oxidation, maximum heart rate and perceptual responses during exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Jiménez-Martínez
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Alix-Fages
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- ICEN Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Applied Biomechanics and Sport Technology Research Group, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Danica Janicijevic
- Research Academy of Human Biomechanics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sergio Miras-Moreno
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sara Chacón-Ventura
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan J. Martín-Olmedo
- Life Pro Nutrition Research Center, INDIEX, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Francisco J. Osuna-Prieto
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Research Institute in Health Pere Virgili, University Hospital of Tarragona Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Lucas Jurado-Fasoli
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physical and Sports Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Amador García-Ramos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Department of Sports Sciences and Physical Conditioning, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan C. Colado
- Research Group in Prevention and Health in Exercise and Sport (PHES), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Lundstrom CJ, Biltz GR, Uithoven KE, Snyder EM. Effects of marathon training on heart rate variability during submaximal running: a comparison of analysis techniques. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-023-01062-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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9
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Ruiz-Navarro JJ, Plaza-Florido A, Alcantara JMA, Gay A, Arellano R. Detraining Effect on Cardiac Autonomic Response to an All-Out Sprint Exercise in Trained Adolescent Swimmers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2023; 18:573-578. [PMID: 36965487 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2022-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the effects of a 5-week training cessation on the cardiac autonomic response after a 50-m swimming time-trial test. METHODS Twenty trained and highly trained adolescent swimmers (17.1 [2.7] y) performed a 50-m front-crawl all-out test before (visit 1) and after a 5-week training cessation (visit 2). After the warm-up, heart-rate variability (HRV) was recorded in a seated position using a Polar RS800CX heart-rate monitor during the 10 minutes before (preexercise) and immediately after the 50-m front-crawl all-out test (postexercise). Two-way analysis of variance (time × visit) and analysis of covariance were conducted to compute the effect of the 50-m all-out test on vagal-related HRV parameters (mean R-R, standard deviation of R-R intervals [SDNN], square root of the mean squared differences between successive R-R intervals [RMSSD], the percentage number of pairs of adjacent normal R-R intervals differing by more than 50 milliseconds in the entire recording [pNN50], and power in the high frequency [HF]) with Bonferroni post hoc test. RESULTS All the HRV parameters had a time main effect (P < .05), showing a reduction after the 50 m in both visits (P < .05). All the variables exhibited a visit main effect (P < .05); the preexercise and postexercise mean R-R, natural logarithm SDNN, natural logarithm RMSSD, and natural logarithm HF values declined after the training cessation (P < .05). Natural logarithm pNN50 preexercise values were reduced in visit 2 compared with visit 1 (P < .05). Only mean R-R was further reduced in response to the test in visit 2 compared with visit 1 (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS After 5 weeks of training cessation, all the preexercise and postexercise vagal-related HRV parameters evidenced a reduction, suggesting an impairment in swimmers' physical status. Coaches should be cautious with training loads at the start of the season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús J Ruiz-Navarro
- Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada,Spain
| | - Abel Plaza-Florido
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada,Spain
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA,USA
| | - Juan M A Alcantara
- Department of Health Sciences, Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Food Chain Development, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona,Spain
| | - Ana Gay
- Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada,Spain
| | - Raúl Arellano
- Aquatics Lab, Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada,Spain
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10
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Martín-Escudero P, Cabanas AM, Dotor-Castilla ML, Galindo-Canales M, Miguel-Tobal F, Fernández-Pérez C, Fuentes-Ferrer M, Giannetti R. Are Activity Wrist-Worn Devices Accurate for Determining Heart Rate during Intense Exercise? Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020254. [PMID: 36829748 PMCID: PMC9952291 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The market for wrist-worn devices is growing at previously unheard-of speeds. A consequence of their fast commercialization is a lack of adequate studies testing their accuracy on varied populations and pursuits. To provide an understanding of wearable sensors for sports medicine, the present study examined heart rate (HR) measurements of four popular wrist-worn devices, the (Fitbit Charge (FB), Apple Watch (AW), Tomtom runner Cardio (TT), and Samsung G2 (G2)), and compared them with gold standard measurements derived by continuous electrocardiogram examination (ECG). Eight athletes participated in a comparative study undergoing maximal stress testing on a cycle ergometer or a treadmill. We analyzed 1,286 simultaneous HR data pairs between the tested devices and the ECG. The four devices were reasonably accurate at the lowest activity level. However, at higher levels of exercise intensity the FB and G2 tended to underestimate HR values during intense physical effort, while the TT and AW devices were fairly reliable. Our results suggest that HR estimations should be considered cautiously at specific intensities. Indeed, an effective intervention is required to register accurate HR readings at high-intensity levels (above 150 bpm). It is important to consider that even though none of these devices are certified or sold as medical or safety devices, researchers must nonetheless evaluate wrist-worn wearable technology in order to fully understand how HR affects psychological and physical health, especially under conditions of more intense exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Martín-Escudero
- Professional Medical School of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana María Cabanas
- Departamento de Física, FACI, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1010069, Chile
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Mercedes Galindo-Canales
- Professional Medical School of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Miguel-Tobal
- Professional Medical School of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Fernández-Pérez
- Servicio de Medicina Preventiva Complejo Hospitalario de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Manuel Fuentes-Ferrer
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, 38010 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Romano Giannetti
- IIT, Institute of Technology Research, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, 28015 Madrid, Spain
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11
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Bıçakcı HS, Santopietro M, Guest R. Activity‐based electrocardiogram biometric verification using wearable devices. IET BIOMETRICS 2022. [DOI: 10.1049/bme2.12105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard Guest
- School of Engineering University of Kent Canterbury UK
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12
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Kapteijn CM, Frippiat T, van Beckhoven C, van Lith HA, Endenburg N, Vermetten E, Rodenburg TB. Measuring heart rate variability using a heart rate monitor in horses ( Equus caballus) during groundwork. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:939534. [PMID: 36483490 PMCID: PMC9723354 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.939534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Measuring physiological parameters of stress in horses during groundwork, for example when involved in equine-assisted interventions, is important to gain insight into the stress levels of the horses. Heart rate and heart rate variability can be used as physiological indicators of stress in horses. Heart rate monitors could be easily incorporated into practice, as they are not expensive and easy to use. However, it is questionable whether heart rate monitors present accurate heart rate variability results in exercising horses, similar to electrocardiograms. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of heart rate monitors for the assessment of heart rate variability in horses during groundwork exercise. Simultaneous telemetric electrocardiograms (Televet) and heart rate monitor (Polar H10 transmitter and M430 receiver, Hylofit electrodes) recordings were performed on 28 horses (15 mares and 13 geldings). Results indicate that the heart rate monitor accurately determined heart rate and time-domain heart rate variability parameters when compared to electrocardiograms during both baseline and groundwork conditions. As expected, heart rate significantly increased and the heart rate variability significantly decreased during groundwork compared to baseline conditions. This indicates that the heart rate monitor can be used to accurately determine heart rate variability during groundwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal M Kapteijn
- Animals in Science and Society, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Hein A van Lith
- Animals in Science and Society, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nienke Endenburg
- Animals in Science and Society, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Eric Vermetten
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - T Bas Rodenburg
- Animals in Science and Society, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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13
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Arantes FS, Rosa Oliveira V, Leão AKM, Afonso JPR, Fonseca AL, Fonseca DRP, Mello DACPG, Costa IP, Oliveira LVF, da Palma RK. Heart rate variability: A biomarker of frailty in older adults? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1008970. [PMID: 36314012 PMCID: PMC9614264 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1008970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Frailty is a state of critical loss of physiological complexity resulting in greater vulnerability to stressors and has been characterized as a debility syndrome in the older adult. Changes in functional capacity and the cardiovascular system during aging are the most significant and relevant for this population, including the clinically healthy. In this sense, this review aims to investigate methods to monitor the performance of older adults, such as heart rate variability and verify how it can be related to frailty. It contributes to understanding that the changes in heart variability can be a marker for frailty in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Sousa Arantes
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Rosa Oliveira
- Research Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Faculty of Health Sciences and Welfare, Center for Health and Social Care Research (CESS), University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - Aime Karla Moraes Leão
- Department of Research, Innovation and Postgraduate, University of Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Brazil
| | - João Pedro Ribeiro Afonso
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Adriano Luis Fonseca
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Daniela Rosana Pedro Fonseca
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Diego Antonio C. Pina Gomes Mello
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Ivan Peres Costa
- Rehabilitation Sciences, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), São Paulo, Brazil,FacPhysio, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Vicente Franco Oliveira
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil
| | - Renata Kelly da Palma
- Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Post-Graduate Program Medical School, Evangelic University of Goiás-UniEVANGÉLICA, Anápolis, Brazil,Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil,Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud de Manresa, Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Manresa, Spain,*Correspondence: Renata Kelly da Palma
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14
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Bläsing D, Buder A, Reiser JE, Nisser M, Derlien S, Vollmer M. ECG performance in simultaneous recordings of five wearable devices using a new morphological noise-to-signal index and Smith-Waterman-based RR interval comparisons. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0274994. [PMID: 36197850 PMCID: PMC9534432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous wearables are used in a research context to record cardiac activity although their validity and usability has not been fully investigated. The objectives of this study is the cross-model comparison of data quality at different realistic use cases (cognitive and physical tasks). The recording quality is expressed by the ability to accurately detect the QRS complex, the amount of noise in the data, and the quality of RR intervals. Methods Five ECG devices (eMotion Faros 360°, Hexoskin Hx1, NeXus-10 MKII, Polar RS800 Multi and SOMNOtouch NIBP) were attached and simultaneously tested in 13 participants. Used test conditions included: measurements during rest, treadmill walking/running, and a cognitive 2-back task. Signal quality was assessed by a new local morphological quality parameter morphSQ which is defined as a weighted peak noise-to-signal ratio on percentage scale. The QRS detection performance was evaluated with eplimited on synchronized data by comparison to ground truth annotations. A modification of the Smith-Waterman algorithm has been used to assess the RR interval quality and to classify incorrect beat annotations. Evaluation metrics includes the positive predictive value, false negative rates, and F1 scores for beat detection performance. Results All used devices achieved sufficient signal quality in non-movement conditions. Over all experimental phases, insufficient quality expressed by morphSQ values below 10% was only found in 1.22% of the recorded beats using eMotion Faros 360°whereas the rate was 8.67% with Hexoskin Hx1. Nevertheless, QRS detection performed well across all used devices with positive predictive values between 0.985 and 1.000. False negative rates are ranging between 0.003 and 0.017. eMotion Faros 360°achieved the most stable results among the tested devices with only 5 false positive and 19 misplaced beats across all recordings identified by the Smith-Waterman approach. Conclusion Data quality was assessed by two new approaches: analyzing the noise-to-signal ratio using morphSQ, and RR interval quality using Smith-Waterman. Both methods deliver comparable results. However the Smith-Waterman approach allows the direct comparison of RR intervals without the need for signal synchronization whereas morphSQ can be computed locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Bläsing
- Institute of Psychology, University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- Institute for Community Medicine, Prevention Research and Social Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Anja Buder
- Institute of Physiotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Julian Elias Reiser
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors – IfADo, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maria Nisser
- Institute of Physiotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Steffen Derlien
- Institute of Physiotherapy, University Hospital Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Marcus Vollmer
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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15
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Hargens TA, Chambers S, Luden ND, Womack CJ. Reliability of the Heart Rate Variability Threshold During Treadmill Exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2022; 42:292-299. [PMID: 35524470 PMCID: PMC9320995 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The heart rate variability threshold (HRVT) is a clinical parameter used to gain insight into autonomic balance. Prior validation of the HRVT has been with cycle ergometry, with no studies examining the viability of treadmill exercise. The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability of the HRVT during treadmill exercise, and to compare the HRVT to the ventilatory threshold (VT). Ten healthy, college‐aged males completed two maximal graded exercise tests on a treadmill. A Polar RS800CX watch was used for heart rate and HRVT data. The HRVT was determined from three HRV variables including the root mean square of successive differences of continuous R−R intervals (RMSSD), the standard deviation of normal R−R intervals (SDNN) and the standard deviation of instantaneous beat intervals (SD1). A metabolic cart was utilized to determine the VT. Results showed no difference between the HRVT (2.4 ± 0.6 and 2.2 ± 0.3 for RMSSD, 2.8 ± 0.5 and 2.7 ± 0.5 for SDNN and 2.4 ± 0.6 and 2.3 ± 0.6 for SD1) or the VT (3.0 ± 0.3 and 3.1 ± 0.3) between trials. When compared to the VT, averaged HRVT values for RMSSD (2.3 ± 0.3) and SD1 (2.3 ± 0.5) were lower than averaged VT (2.8 ± 0.4, p < 0.05). The averaged HRVT from SDNN (2.8 ± 0.5) did not differ from the VT. These results suggest that treadmill is a viable mode for HRVT determination, and that HRVT determined by SDNN may be a better comparison to the VT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trent A Hargens
- Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Shane Chambers
- Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Nicholas D Luden
- Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Christopher J Womack
- Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia, USA
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16
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Irvine D, Jobson SA, Wilson JP. Evaluating Changes in Mental Workload in Indoor and Outdoor Ultra-Distance Cycling. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:67. [PMID: 35622476 PMCID: PMC9146483 DOI: 10.3390/sports10050067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Whilst increasing mental workload has been shown to have a detrimental effect on cycling performance and more generally to increase the risk of harm, no studies have measured how mental workload changes as a function of ultra-distance cycling, indoors or outdoors. Our objective was to measure the difference in mental workload, as indicated by changes in EEG theta power, components of HRV and psychomotor vigilance and as reported using the 'NASA Task Load Index questionnaire', before and after a 5 h indoor ride and outdoor ride completed at 65% of functional threshold power. Results of the NASA-TLX indicated the mental demand of outdoor cycling to be significantly less than that of indoor cycling. There were significant differences in the PVT results between the pre and the post outdoor ride average and median response times. The slowest 10% PVT responses were significantly slower pre than post the indoor ride. There were significant differences in HRV between pre and post outdoor and indoor rides, specifically, in the average RR intervals, RMSSD (ms2), LFPower (ms2), NN50. There were modest changes in indicators of mental workload during an ultra-distance cycle ride. As such, mental workload during ultra-distance cycling is unlikely to be a contributory factor to decreases in performance or to an increased likelihood of accident and injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Irvine
- Epiphanies LLP, Hopyard Farm, Glanbaiden, Govilon, Abergavenny NP7 9SE, UK
| | - Simon A. Jobson
- Faculty of Health & Wellbeing, University of Winchester, Sparkford Road, Winchester SO22 4NR, UK;
| | - John P. Wilson
- Management School, The University of Sheffield, Conduit Road, Sheffield S10 1FL, UK;
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17
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Heart rate variability in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: a case-control study. Int Urol Nephrol 2022; 54:1479-1484. [PMID: 35441910 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-022-03213-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Measurement of heart rate variability (HRV) allows evaluation of autonomic nervous system activity. Decreased HRV is associated with autonomic disbalance, poor health and higher mortality. Our objective is to evaluate the HRV in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) through a case-control study. METHODS LUTS were considered as the outcome and HRV variables were considered as exposure. The protocol included anamnesis, LUTS assessment, anthropometry, blood pressure and HRV measurement by analyzing the variation in the time interval between consecutive heartbeats or RR intervals. The mathematical study of HRV indicators allowed the assessment of the cardiac autonomic modulation of the volunteers. RESULTS Eighty nine patients were included in the study, with 34 allocated to the case group (with LUTS) and 55 to the control group (without LUTS). The patients were similar in terms of age and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Among the HRV variables, the mean VLF index for the very low frequency of the spectrum associated with the frequency domain was significantly higher in volunteers without LUTS. Control group patients presented a mean of 113.18 ± 166.74 ms2, while patients with LUTS presented a mean of 69.21 ± 61.98 ms2 (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Men 50-59 years of age without chronic diseases and with LUTS have an unfavorable cardiac autonomic profile indicated by significantly lower levels of the VLF component of HRV compared to men without LUTS.
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18
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Ahn HN, Lee MG, Jung WS. Effects of gradient and age on energy expenditure and fat metabolism during aerobic exercise at equal intensity in women. Phys Act Nutr 2022; 26:20-27. [PMID: 35510442 PMCID: PMC9081356 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2022.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study aimed to investigate the effects of gradient and age on energy expenditure and fat metabolism during aerobic exercise at equal intensity in women. [Methods] Thirty women in their twenties (n=15) and fifties (n=15) were enrolled. All subjects performed aerobic exercise on a treadmill for 10 min at 0% and 6% gradient repeatedly to elicit 50%, 60%, and 70% VO2max. [Results] Energy expenditure and fat oxidation were higher during aerobic exercise at 6% of the gradient than at 0%, and there was no significant difference in carbohydrate oxidation in any age group. [Conclusion] Aerobic exercise at a 6% gradient was more favorable for fat oxidation than a 0% gradient in all age groups. In particular, in the case of women in their fifties, walking on a gradient of 6%, which is favorable for increasing fat oxidation, was more effective than walking on flat ground for preventing and reducing obesity. However, to examine the difference in fat oxidation among exercise intensities more accurately, exercise performed for longer than 30 min is required. Follow-up studies are required to investigate the effect of various gradients on physiological and metabolic characteristics when carrying out aerobic exercises for more than 30 min.
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Three Simulated Goalball Games in the Same Day Cause Central Fatigue and Can Impair Game Technical Performance. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:356-373. [PMID: 35287114 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of three simulated goalball games on neuromuscular, physiological, perceptual, and technical parameters. Ten male players underwent assessments before and immediately after each game. Heart rate was recorded at rest and during all games that were entirely filmed for further technical performance analysis. Exercise significantly decreased knee extensor muscles peak force and percentage of voluntary activation after the second and third games, indicating the presence of central fatigue. Heart rate responses remained predominantly in a range equivalent to moderate activity intensity in all games. In addition, perceptual parameters were associated with reduced frequency of throws and density of actions. These findings suggest significant implications for the management of physical training, game strategy during a competition, and fixture change from three to two games per day.
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20
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Schams P, Feodoroff B, Zacher J, Eibel A, Froböse I. Validation of a smart shirt for heart rate variability measurements at rest and during exercise. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2022; 42:190-199. [PMID: 35274441 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring is a promising option to estimate the autonomic nervous system regulation responding to exercise. Textiles with embedded sensors recording heartbeat intervals are a simple tool for data collection. So-called smart shirts offer comfort for a daily use and are managed easily. Their measurement accuracy for HRV calculation at rest is promising but remains questionable during exercise. Therefore, the present study validated the Ambiotex smart shirt using HRV indices (RMSSD, rel. HF power and rel. LF power) during exercise. Eighty-three healthy participants (31 ± 6 years; 39 females, 44 males) completed an incremental exercise test on a bicycle ergometer wearing the smart shirt and an electrocardiogram simultaneously. We compared HRV indices of segments at rest (5 min), at warm-up (3 min) and twice at the exercise test (each 5 min). At rest and at warm-up, we observed excellent linear relationship (r > 0.96; R² > 0.94), excellent relative reliability (ICC ≥ 0.98; α ≥ 0.98) and acceptable agreement (bias < 10%). During the exercise test, measurement accuracy declined with increasing intensity but remained high (> 0.8), although results for partial HRV indices were insufficient. In addition, percentage bias was unacceptable during exercise test. However, the findings support the validity of the smart shirt for measuring HRV especially at rest and at warm-up. We suggest using the smart shirt for monitoring HRV indices on a daily basis but caution should be taken in the interpretation of HRV indices obtained during moderate to vigorous exercise intensities. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Schams
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation Sciences; German Sport University, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Boris Feodoroff
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation Sciences; German Sport University, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Jonas Zacher
- Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine; German Sport University, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Angelina Eibel
- Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine; German Sport University, Cologne, 50933, Germany
| | - Ingo Froböse
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation Sciences; German Sport University, Cologne, 50933, Germany
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21
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Aldhahi MI, Al Khalil WK, Almutiri RB, Alyousefi MM, Alharkan BS, AnNasban H. Effect of Weight Self-Stigma and Self-Esteem on Aerobic Exercise Capacity in Adult Women with Different Body Compositions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020873. [PMID: 35055699 PMCID: PMC8776112 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background: Overweight individuals face weight-related stigmatization, driving self-exclusion from exercise and physical activity. The extent to which weight self-stigma and self-esteem are associated with aerobic capacity remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the cardiopulmonary fitness, weight self-stigma, and self-esteem of overweight women and examine whether weight self-stigma and self-esteem predict cardiopulmonary aerobic capacity. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 66 women stratified into two groups: a normal weight (NW) group and an overweight (OW) group. The mean body mass indexes and ages of the NW and OW groups were 20.4 ± 0.36 kg/m2 and 29.5 ± 0.8 kg/m2, and 24 ± 7 years and 21 ± 3 years, respectively. Submaximal exercise testing using the modified Bruce treadmill protocol was conducted to measure the predicted oxygen uptake (VO2 peak) and energy expenditure. The Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used. Results: Significantly lower mean of predicted VO2 peak and higher mean of energy expenditure were reported in the OW group compared with the NW group (25.8 ± 5.3 mL/kg/min vs. 28.7 ± 4.8 mL/kg/min, p = 0.001 and 9.7 ± 1.9 kcal/min vs. 7.5 ± 1.8 kcal, p = 0.03, respectively). There was a significant difference in weight self-stigma and self-esteem between the groups. Regression model analysis indicated that weight self-stigma and self-esteem explained 45% of the variance in the predicted VO2 peak. Conclusion: Strategies enhancing self-esteem and avoiding stigmatization should be embraced to promote fitness and engagement in physical activity among OW women.
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Oliveira Júnior FD, Pereira R, Silva A, Brito Alves JD, Costa-Silva J, Braga V, Balarini C. Different acquisition systems for heart rate variability analysis may lead to diverse outcomes. Braz J Med Biol Res 2022; 55:e11720. [PMID: 35137854 PMCID: PMC8852161 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart rate variability (HRV) is a relevant physiological variable for the estimation of cardiac autonomic function. Although the gold standard for HRV registration is the electrocardiogram (ECG), several applications (APPs) have been increasingly developed. The evaluation carried out by these devices must be compatible with ECG standards. The aim of this study was to compare the data obtained simultaneously with ECG and APP with chest heart rate transmitters. Fifty-six healthy individuals (28 men and 28 women) were evaluated at rest through a short simultaneous HRV measurement with both devices. Data from both acquisition systems were analyzed separately using their own analysis software and exported and analyzed using a validated software. Signal recordings were compatible between the two acquisition systems (Pearson r=0.99; P<0.0001). Although a high correlation was found for the HRV variables obtained in the time domain (Spearman r=0.99; P<0.0001), the correlation decreased in the frequency domain (Pearson r=0.85; P<0.0001) when two software programs were used. Comparison of the averages of spectral analysis parameters also showed differences when HRV data were analyzed separately in each device for low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) bands. Although the portability of these mobile devices allows for optimal HRV evaluation, the direct analysis obtained from these devices must be carefully evaluated with respect to frequency domain parameters.
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Silveira BO, de Melo JL, Neri GPDO, Gregório ML, de Godoy MF, Accioly MF. Influence of an Early Mobilization Protocol on the Autonomic Behavior of Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021; 117:1161-1169. [PMID: 35613173 PMCID: PMC8757161 DOI: 10.36660/abc.20200296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrence Plots (RP) enable a nonlinear analysis of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and provide information on the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). OBJECTIVES To evaluate whether early ambulation in patients undergoing Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) influences the quantitative and qualitative components of RP. METHODS A total of 32 participants who underwent PTCA were divided into a Control Group (CG - no physical exercises) and an Early Ambulation Group (EAG - with physical exercises). Beat-to-beat heart rate was recorded using a heart rate monitor in both groups upon admission and discharge. The linear indices in the time and frequency domains were analyzed, and nonlinear indices were obtained through RP. The Early Ambulation Physical Therapy Protocol began 12-18 hours after PTCA. A two-tailed unpaired t-test was used for comparisons, and p-values < 0.05 were accepted as significant. RESULTS When comparing both groups, upon discharge, EAG showed an increase in SDNN (23.55 ± 12.05 to 37.29 ± 16.25; p=0.042), Triangular Index (8.99 ± 3.03 to 9.66 ± 3.07; p=0.014), and VLF (694.20 ± 468.20 to 848.37 ± 526.51; p=0.004), but without significant changes in the nonlinear evaluation. In addition, in the qualitative analysis of RP, a more diffuse and less geometric pattern was observed in EAG, indicating greater variability, while in CG, an altered and more geometric pattern was noted. CONCLUSION The Early Ambulation Protocol promotes an improvement in autonomic behavior as evaluated by HRV and by RP, which can thus be considered a useful procedure for better recovery of patients undergoing PTCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Oliveira Silveira
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG – Brasil
| | - Jade Lara de Melo
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG – Brasil
| | | | - Michele Lima Gregório
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio PretoSão Jose do Rio PretoSPBrasilFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) - Pós Graduação Enfermagem, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP – Brasil
| | - Moacir Fernandes de Godoy
- Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio PretoSão Jose do Rio PretoSPBrasilFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP) - Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular, São Jose do Rio Preto, SP – Brasil
| | - Marilita Falangola Accioly
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG – Brasil
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Comparison of cardiac autonomic modulation of athletes and non-athletes individuals with spinal cord injury at rest and during a non-immersive virtual reality task. Spinal Cord 2021; 59:1294-1300. [PMID: 34728783 DOI: 10.1038/s41393-021-00722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVES To compare cardiac autonomic modulation of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) that practice different amounts of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) and able-bodied controls at rest and during a non-immersive Virtual Reality task. SETTING Athletes with SCI of wheelchair basketball, wheelchair tennis, wheelchair handball, WCMX (wheelchair motocross), and para-swimming were assessed at the Faca na Cadeira Institute, ICEL and Clube Espéria in São Paulo, Brazil; non-athletes with SCI and able-bodied controls were assessed at the Acreditando Centro de Recuperação Neuromotora, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS One-hundred forty-five individuals were assessed: 36 athletes with traumatic SCI (41.1 ± 16.8 years old), 52 non-athletes with traumatic SCI (40.2 ± 14.1 years old), and 57 able-bodied individuals (39.4 ± 12.5 years old). Cardiac autonomic modulation was assessed through heart rate variability (HRV) measured in the sitting position at rest and during a VR game activity. RESULTS We found significantly more favourable HRV for athletes with SCI when compared to non-athletes with SCI, but no differences between athletes with SCI and able-bodied controls. In addition, athletes and able-bodied controls showed adequate autonomic nervous system (ANS) adaptation (rest versus physical activity in VR), i.e., they experienced parasympathetic withdrawal during VR physical activity, which was not found in non-athletes with SCI. CONCLUSION The practice of moderate to vigorous physical activity is associated with healthier cardiac autonomic modulation in adults with SCI, which may lead to more favourable health outcomes. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04618003, retrospectively registered.
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Applicability of Physiological Monitoring Systems within Occupational Groups: A Systematic Review. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21217249. [PMID: 34770556 PMCID: PMC8587311 DOI: 10.3390/s21217249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of physiological monitoring technologies has produced exceptional opportunities for real-time collection and analysis of workers' physiological information. To benefit from these safety and health prognostic opportunities, research efforts have explored the applicability of these devices to control workers' wellbeing levels during occupational activities. A systematic review is proposed to summarise up-to-date progress in applying physiological monitoring systems for occupational groups. Adhering with the PRISMA Statement, five databases were searched from 2014 to 2021, and 12 keywords were combined, concluding with the selection of 38 articles. Sources of risk of bias were assessed regarding randomisation procedures, selective outcome reporting and generalisability of results. Assessment procedures involving non-invasive methods applied with health and safety-related goals were filtered. Working-age participants from homogeneous occupational groups were selected, with these groups primarily including firefighters and construction workers. Research objectives were mainly directed to assess heat stress and physiological workload demands. Heart rate related variables, thermal responses and motion tracking through accelerometry were the most common approaches. Overall, wearable sensors proved to be valid tools for assessing physiological status in working environments. Future research should focus on conducting sensor fusion assessments, engaging wearables in real-time evaluation methods and giving continuous feedback to workers and practitioners.
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Frippiat T, van Beckhoven C, Moyse E, Art T. Accuracy of a heart rate monitor for calculating heart rate variability parameters in exercising horses. J Equine Vet Sci 2021; 104:103716. [PMID: 34416992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2021.103716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Heart rate is evaluated in exercising horses to monitor the level of fitness to exercise, and it is usually acquired using heart rate monitors (HRM) or telemetric electrocardiograms (ECG). While HRM are commonly available and easy-to-use for horse's owners, ECG is a more expensive equipment requiring user's experience. Interest for heart rate variability (HRV) in horses is increasing for both research and clinical purposes. HRV is usually calculated from interbeat intervals (IBI) obtained by ECG. The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of an HRM to detect IBI for the calculation of HRV in both resting and exercising horses. Simultaneous ECG and HRM recordings were performed on 13 horses and ponies under normal training conditions for at least 45 minutes. IBI from ECG were corrected using a dedicated software. IBI from HRM were exported without correction. Two HRV-parameters were calculated on both recordings for resting and exercising periods: the standard deviation of R-R intervals (SDRR) and the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). Agreement and concordance between the two systems were determined using Bland-Altman plot and Lin's correlation coefficient, respectively. Effects of variables were consequently assessed. For both HRV-parameters during resting and exercising periods, the means of the differences between the two systems were lower than 0.47 ms with a correlation coefficient higher than 0.999. Height, weight and body condition score had no effect on the results. The studied HRM could be of interest as easy-to-use device for obtaining HRV-parameters SDRR and RMSSD in resting and exercising horses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thibault Frippiat
- Equine Sports Medicine Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium; Equine Sports Medicine, Laren, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Evelyne Moyse
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Applied to Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Art
- Equine Sports Medicine Centre, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
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Non-Invasive Physiological Monitoring for Physical Exertion and Fatigue Assessment in Military Personnel: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18168815. [PMID: 34444564 PMCID: PMC8393315 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
During operational activities, military personnel face extremely demanding circumstances, which when combined lead to severe fatigue, influencing both their well-being and performance. Physical exertion is the main condition leading to fatigue, and its continuous tracking would help prevent its effects. This review aimed to investigate the up-to-date progress on non-invasive physiological monitoring to evaluate situations of physical exertion as a pre-condition to fatigue in military populations, and determine the potential associations between physiological responses and fatigue, which can later result in decision-making indicators to prevent health-related consequences. Adhering to the PRISMA Statement, four databases (Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science and PubMed) were used for a literature search based on combinations of keywords. The eligibility criteria focused on studies monitoring physiological variables through non-invasive objective measurements, with these measurements being developed in military field, combat, or training conditions. The review process led to the inclusion of 20 studies. The findings established the importance of multivariable assessments in a real-life context to accurately characterise the effects of military practices. A tendency for examining heart rate variables, thermal responses, and actigraphy measurements was also identified. The objectives and experimental protocols were diverse, but the effectiveness of non-invasive measurements in identifying the most fatigue-inducing periods was demonstrated. Nevertheless, no assessment system for standardised application was presented. Future work may include the development of assessment methods to translate physiological recordings into actionable information in real-time and mitigate the effects of fatigue on soldiers’ performance accurately.
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Zhang M, Zhai Y. A DETECTION SYSTEM OF EXERCISE ELECTROCARDIOGRAM. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202127042021_0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: A new exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) detection system was investigated in this study to diagnose and analyze cardiopulmonary function and related diseases in a comprehensive and timely manner and improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Besides, its reliability and clinical applicability were judged. Objective: A new type of exercise ECG detection system was constructed by adding parameters such as respiratory mechanics, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentration monitoring based on the traditional ECG detection system. Methods: The new system constructed in this study carried out the ECG signal detection, ECG acquisition module, blood pressure and respiratory mechanics detection and conducted a standard conformance test. Results: The heart rate accuracy detected by the exercise ECG system was greatly higher than that of the doctor's manual detection (P < 0.05). The accuracy of the new exercise ECG detection system increased obviously in contrast to that of the manual detection result (P < 0.05). The key technical index input noise and input impedance test results (24.5 μV and 12.4 MΩ) of the exercise ECG detection system conformed to the standard (< 30 μV and > 2.5 MΩ). The common-mode rejection and sampling rate test results (103.5 dB and 515 Hz) of key technical indicators in the exercise ECG detection system were all in line with the standards (≥89 dB and ≥500 Hz). Conclusion: The complete exercise ECG detection system was constructed through the ECG acquisition module, blood pressure detection, and respiratory mechanics detection module. In addition, this system could be applied to detect ECG monitoring indicators with high accuracy and reliability, which could also be extensively adopted in clinical diagnosis. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
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McInerney J, Brown P, Bird JC, Nickless A, Brown G, Freeman D. Does raising heart rate prior to a behavioural test enhance learning in cognitive therapy for anxiety? An experimental test for the treatment of fear of heights using virtual reality. Behav Res Ther 2021; 144:103928. [PMID: 34246887 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A key clinical issue is how to maximise the belief change central to cognitive therapy. Physiological arousal is a key internal cue confirming threat beliefs in anxiety disorders. Deeper extinction of anxiety may occur if catastrophizing responses to physiological arousal are inhibited prior to joint exposure with external phobic stimuli. The aim of the study was to test whether increasing physiological arousal using exercise increases the benefits of behavioural tests. METHODS Sixty individuals with a fear of heights had one session of VR cognitive treatment. They were randomised to have the treatment either with periods of intense physical exercise (cycling at 80% of maximum heart rate) prior to exposures or without. Linear mixed effects models were used to check the manipulation and test the primary hypothesis of a group difference in degree of conviction in the phobic threat belief. RESULTS Heart rate was significantly higher in the exercise group throughout compared with the control group. Both groups showed significant reductions in threat beliefs after the VR treatment (d = 1.0, p < 0.001) but there was no significant group difference (d = 0.1, p = 0.56). DISCUSSION An increase in physiological arousal achieved via exercise did not enhance cognitive change in beliefs about feared stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine McInerney
- Royal Holloway, University of London, UK; Broadmoor Hospital, West London NHS Trust, UK.
| | - Poppy Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Jessica C Bird
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Gary Brown
- Royal Holloway, University of London, UK
| | - Daniel Freeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK; Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, UK
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Burma JS, Lapointe AP, Soroush A, Oni IK, Smirl JD, Dunn JF. The validity and reliability of an open source biosensing board to quantify heart rate variability. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07148. [PMID: 34124405 PMCID: PMC8173091 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heart rate variability (HRV) is a popular tool to quantify autonomic function. However, this typically requires an expensive 3-12 lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and BioAmp system. This investigation sought to determine the validity and reliability of an OpenBCI cyton biosensing board (open source) for accurately quantifying HRV. New method A cyton board with a 3-lead ECG was employed to acquire heart rate waveform data, which was processed to obtain HRV within both time- and frequency-domains. The concurrent validity was compared to a simultaneous recording from an industry-standard 3-lead ECG (ADInstruments) (n = 15). The reliability of the cyton board was compared between three days within a 7-day timespan (n = 10). Upright quiet-stance short-term HRV metrics were quantified in time- and frequency-domains. Results The two devices displayed excellent limits of agreements (all log mean differences ±0.4) and very high between-device variable associations (all r 2 > 0.98). Between the three time points in the same subjects, no differences were noted within time- (all p > 0.71) or frequency-domains (all p > 0.88) across testing points. Finally, all HRV metrics exhibited excellent levels of reliability through high Cronbach's Alpha (all ≥0.916) and intraclass correlation coefficients (all ≥0.930); and small standard error of the measurement (all ≤0.7) and typical error of the measurement (all ≤0.1) metrics. Comparison with existing methods The cyton board with 3-lead ECG was compared with an industry-standard ADInstruments ECG during HRV assessments. There were no significant differences between devices with respect to time- and frequency-domains. The cyton board displayed high-levels of between-day reliability and provided values harmonious to previous ECG literature highlighting the applicability for longitudinal studies. Conclusion With proper background knowledge regarding ECG principles and a small degree of set-up complexity, an open source cyton board can be created and employed to perform multimodal HRV assessments at a fraction of the cost (~4%) of an industry-standard ECG setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel S. Burma
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew P. Lapointe
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ateyeh Soroush
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ibukunoluwa K. Oni
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jonathan D. Smirl
- Cerebrovascular Concussion Laboratory, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Human Performance Laboratory, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jeff F. Dunn
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Corresponding author.
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Manta C, Mahadevan N, Bakker J, Ozen Irmak S, Izmailova E, Park S, Poon JL, Shevade S, Valentine S, Vandendriessche B, Webster C, Goldsack JC. EVIDENCE Publication Checklist for Studies Evaluating Connected Sensor Technologies: Explanation and Elaboration. Digit Biomark 2021; 5:127-147. [PMID: 34179682 DOI: 10.1159/000515835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The EVIDENCE (EValuatIng connecteD sENsor teChnologiEs) checklist was developed by a multidisciplinary group of content experts convened by the Digital Medicine Society, representing the clinical sciences, data management, technology development, and biostatistics. The aim of EVIDENCE is to promote high quality reporting in studies where the primary objective is an evaluation of a digital measurement product or its constituent parts. Here we use the terms digital measurement product and connected sensor technology interchangeably to refer to tools that process data captured by mobile sensors using algorithms to generate measures of behavioral and/or physiological function. EVIDENCE is applicable to 5 types of evaluations: (1) proof of concept; (2) verification, (3) analytical validation, and (4) clinical validation as defined by the V3 framework; and (5) utility and usability assessments. Using EVIDENCE, those preparing, reading, or reviewing studies evaluating digital measurement products will be better equipped to distinguish necessary reporting requirements to drive high-quality research. With broad adoption, the EVIDENCE checklist will serve as a much-needed guide to raise the bar for quality reporting in published literature evaluating digital measurements products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Manta
- Digital Medicine Society, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Elektra Labs, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikhil Mahadevan
- Digital Medicine Society, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessie Bakker
- Digital Medicine Society, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Philips, Monroeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Elena Izmailova
- Digital Medicine Society, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Koneksa Health Inc., New York, New York, USA
| | - Siyeon Park
- Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Benjamin Vandendriessche
- Byteflies, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Prim JH, Davila MI, McCulloch KL. A pilot study on exertional tasks with physiological measures designed for the assessment of military concussion. Concussion 2021; 6:CNC88. [PMID: 33976903 PMCID: PMC8097503 DOI: 10.2217/cnc-2020-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Guidelines for clinicians treating military concussion recommend exertional testing before return-to-duty, yet there is currently no standardized task or inclusion of an objective physiological measure like heart rate variability (HRV). Methodology & results: We pilot-tested two clinically feasible exertional tasks that include HRV measures and examined reliability of a commercially available heart rate monitor. Testing healthy participants confirmed that the 6-min step test and 2-min pushup test evoked the targeted physiological response, and the Polar H10 was reliable to the gold-standard electrocardiogram. Conclusion: Both tasks are brief assessments that can be implemented into primary care setting including the Polar H10 as an affordable way to access HRV. Additional research utilizing these tasks to evaluate concussion recovery can validate standardized exertional tasks for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julianna H Prim
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Curriculum in Human Movement Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Maria I Davila
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karen L McCulloch
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Curriculum in Human Movement Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.,Department of Allied Health Sciences, Division of Physical Therapy, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Jung WS, Park HY, Kim SW, Kim J, Hwang H, Lim K. Estimating excess post-exercise oxygen consumption using multiple linear regression in healthy Korean adults: a pilot study. Phys Act Nutr 2021; 25:35-41. [PMID: 33887827 PMCID: PMC8076581 DOI: 10.20463/pan.2021.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This pilot study aimed to develop a regression model to estimate the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) of Korean adults using various easy-to-measure dependent variables. Methods The EPOC and dependent variables for its estimation (e.g., sex, age, height, weight, body mass index, fat-free mass [FFM], fat mass, % body fat, and heart rate_sum [HR_sum]) were measured in 75 healthy adults ( 31 males, 44 females). Statistical analysis was performed to develop an EPOC estimation regression model using the stepwise regression method. Results We confirmed that FFM and HR_sum were important variables in the EPOC regression models of various exercise types. The explanatory power and standard errors of estimates (SEE) for EPOC of each exercise type were as follows: the continuous exercise (CEx) regression model was 86.3% (R2) and 85.9% (adjusted R2), and the mean SEE was 11.73 kcal, interval exercise (IEx) regression model was 83.1% (R2) and 82.6% (adjusted R2), while the mean SEE was 13.68 kcal, and the accumulation of short-duration exercise (AEx) regression models was 91.3% (R2) and 91.0% (adjusted R2), while the mean SEE was 27.71 kcal. There was no significant difference between the measured EPOC using a metabolic gas analyzer and the predicted EPOC for each exercise type. Conclusion This pilot study developed a regression model to estimate EPOC in healthy Korean adults. The regression model was as follows: CEx = -37.128 + 1.003 × (FFM) + 0.016 × (HR_sum), IEx = -49.265 + 1.442 × (FFM) + 0.013 × (HR_sum), and AEx = -100.942 + 2.209 × (FFM) + 0.020 × (HR_sum).
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Sang Jung
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun-Young Park
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Woo Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Kim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Hwang
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwon Lim
- Physical Activity and Performance Institute (PAPI), Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Sports Medicine and Science in Graduate School, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Physical Education, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Stone JD, Ulman HK, Tran K, Thompson AG, Halter MD, Ramadan JH, Stephenson M, Finomore VS, Galster SM, Rezai AR, Hagen JA. Assessing the Accuracy of Popular Commercial Technologies That Measure Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:585870. [PMID: 33733234 PMCID: PMC7956986 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.585870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial off-the shelf (COTS) wearable devices continue development at unprecedented rates. An unfortunate consequence of their rapid commercialization is the lack of independent, third-party accuracy verification for reported physiological metrics of interest, such as heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). To address these shortcomings, the present study examined the accuracy of seven COTS devices in assessing resting-state HR and root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD). Five healthy young adults generated 148 total trials, each of which compared COTS devices against a validation standard, multi-lead electrocardiogram (mECG). All devices accurately reported mean HR, according to absolute percent error summary statistics, although the highest mean absolute percent error (MAPE) was observed for CameraHRV (17.26%). The next highest MAPE for HR was nearly 15% less (HRV4Training, 2.34%). When measuring rMSSD, MAPE was again the highest for CameraHRV [112.36%, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC): 0.04], while the lowest MAPEs observed were from HRV4Training (4.10%; CCC: 0.98) and OURA (6.84%; CCC: 0.91). Our findings support extant literature that exposes varying degrees of veracity among COTS devices. To thoroughly address questionable claims from manufacturers, elucidate the accuracy of data parameters, and maximize the real-world applicative value of emerging devices, future research must continually evaluate COTS devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason D. Stone
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Hana K. Ulman
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Kaylee Tran
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- College of Arts and Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Andrew G. Thompson
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Manuel D. Halter
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Jad H. Ramadan
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Mark Stephenson
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
- National Football League, Detroit Lions, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Victor S. Finomore
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Scott M. Galster
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Ali R. Rezai
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Joshua A. Hagen
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Hernández-Vicente A, Hernando D, Marín-Puyalto J, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Garatachea N, Pueyo E, Bailón R. Validity of the Polar H7 Heart Rate Sensor for Heart Rate Variability Analysis during Exercise in Different Age, Body Composition and Fitness Level Groups. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:902. [PMID: 33572800 PMCID: PMC7866245 DOI: 10.3390/s21030902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to validate the Polar H7 heart rate (HR) sensor for heart rate variability (HRV) analysis at rest and during various exercise intensities in a cohort of male volunteers with different age, body composition and fitness level. Cluster analysis was carried out to evaluate how these phenotypic characteristics influenced HR and HRV measurements. For this purpose, sixty-seven volunteers performed a test consisting of the following consecutive segments: sitting rest, three submaximal exercise intensities in cycle-ergometer and sitting recovery. The agreement between HRV indices derived from Polar H7 and a simultaneous electrocardiogram (ECG) was assessed using concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). The percentage of subjects not reaching excellent agreement (CCC > 0.90) was higher for high-frequency power (PHF) than for low-frequency power (PLF) of HRV and increased with exercise intensity. A cluster of unfit and not young volunteers with high trunk fat percentage showed the highest error in HRV indices. This study indicates that Polar H7 and ECG were interchangeable at rest. During exercise, HR and PLF showed excellent agreement between devices. However, during the highest exercise intensity, CCC for PHF was lower than 0.90 in as many as 60% of the volunteers. During recovery, HR but not HRV measurements were accurate. As a conclusion, phenotypic differences between subjects can represent one of the causes for disagreement between HR sensors and ECG devices, which should be considered specifically when using Polar H7 and, generally, in the validation of any HR sensor for HRV analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Vicente
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.M.-P.); (G.V.-R.); (N.G.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), Spain
| | - David Hernando
- BSICOS, Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain; (D.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jorge Marín-Puyalto
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.M.-P.); (G.V.-R.); (N.G.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.M.-P.); (G.V.-R.); (N.G.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER-Obn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nuria Garatachea
- Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (J.M.-P.); (G.V.-R.); (N.G.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud en Poblaciones Especiales (EXERNET), Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER-Obn), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2- CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther Pueyo
- BSICOS, Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain; (D.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailón
- BSICOS, Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, 50015 Zaragoza, Spain; (D.H.); (E.P.); (R.B.)
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Comparison of effect of aquatic interventions on cardiac modulation of obese young males in motion. A crossover trial. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: The study aimed to compare the effects of passive Watsu therapy and immersion on cardiac locomotor synchronization of obese young males.
Material and methods: Twenty-six volunteer obese males participated in this study (age 18.3 ± 0.32, BMI 36.9 ± 6.52). Heart rate variability parameters were recorded in different positions by the Polar H7 heart rate sensor and HRV+ software. Participants were assigned to two groups, randomly, in a single-blinded crossover design. Kubios HRV 2.2 and MATLAB were used to analyze the bio-signals. Statistical analysis was performed via t-test and ANOVA (analysis of variance) using SPSS. For the significance in results and group comparison, the paired t-test and the independent t-test were used respectively.
Results: Combined results indicated that Watsu therapy increased 3 HRV vertical position parameters and immersion increased 3 HRV non-locomotor parameters, significantly (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings show that Watsu and immersion improved the specific autonomic cardiac modulation. However, non-contact immersion seemed to provide better synchronization of cardiac control and locomotion. The close contact Watsu approach provided improvements in autonomic cardiac regulation. Collectively, these improvements suggest the combination of both therapies in maximizing the cardiac benefits sought by aquatic therapy programs.
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Validity of the Polar V800 Monitor for Assessing Heart Rate Variability in Elderly Adults under Mental Stress and Dual Task Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18030869. [PMID: 33498381 PMCID: PMC7908342 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18030869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: Aging may result in autonomic nervous dysfunction. Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive method to measure autonomic nervous activities. Many studies have shown that HRV contributes to the risk assessment of diseases. A Polar V800 heart rate monitor is a wearable device that measures R-R intervals, but has only been validated in younger adults under limited testing conditions. There is no validation of the V800 under mental stress or in dual task testing conditions. Therefore, this study investigated the validity of the Polar V800 heart rate monitor for assessing R-R intervals and evaluated if there were differences on HRV parameters under different situations in community-dwelling elderly adults. Methods: Forty community-dwelling elderly adults were recruited. Heart rates were recorded via electrocardiogram (ECG) and the V800 under sitting, during an arithmetic test, during a naming test, a self-selected walking velocity test (SSWV), and dual tasks (SSWV performing mental arithmetic test and SSWV performing naming test). Indices of time and frequency domains of HRV were calculated afterwards. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) analysis and effect size were calculated to examine the concurrent validity between the V800 and the ECG. Results: All HRV indices from the V800 were highly correlated with the ECG under all tested conditions (ICC = 0.995–1.000, p < 0.001) and the effect size of bias was small (<0.1). Conclusion: Overall, the V800 has good validity on the assessment of HRV in community-dwelling elderly adults during sitting, mental arithmetic test, naming test, SSWV, and dual tasks.
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Pinto JCBDL, Medeiros RMV, Mortatti AL, Nakamura FY, Fortes LDS, Machado DGDS, Fonteles AI. Do heart rate variability is relationed to endurance performance in female futsal players? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CINEANTROPOMETRIA E DESEMPENHO HUMANO 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2021v23e73799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
abstract The study aimed to verify the correlation between resting heart rate variability (HRVrest) and endurance performance in female futsal players, as well as to evaluate the reliability of this parasympathetic autonomic marker. A total of 16 female futsal players (age: 22 ± 3 years; VO2max: 42.3 ± 2.0 ml.kg-1.min-1) were evaluated during the first week of preseason training. Vagal modulation was evaluated from the HRVrest (i.e., log-transformed root mean square of successive R-R interval differences - Ln-RMSSD) for two consecutive days, while endurance performance was evaluated by the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test, Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1). Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between the variables. Strong correlation between the HRVrest index and endurance performance (r = 0.643; p = 0.007). Reliability was tested through the intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation (CV), and Bland-Altman analysis of the agreement. Furthermore, acceptable repeatability of HRVrest, but with great inter-subject variability (ICC = 0.670, 95%CI = 0.056-0.885, CV = 15.8%). The current study demonstrated a strong correlation between Ln-RMSSD and endurance performance, and despite the acceptable values of intrasubject reliability, HRVrest presented high inter-individual variability in female futsal players.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Fábio Yuzo Nakamura
- Federal University of Paraíba, Brazil; James Cook University, Australia; “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
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Gąsior JS, Hoffmann B, Silva LEV, Małek Ł, Flatt AA, Baranowski R, Werner B. Changes in Short-Term and Ultra-Short Term Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate, and Time-Domain Heart Rate Variability Parameters during Sympathetic Nervous System Activity Stimulation in Elite Modern Pentathlonists-A Pilot Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121104. [PMID: 33348572 PMCID: PMC7766436 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring of markers reflecting cardiac autonomic activity before and during stressful situations may be useful for identifying the physiological state of an athlete and may have medical or performance implications. The study aimed to determine group and individual changes in short-term (5 min) and ultra-short-term (1 min) heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RespRate), and time-domain heart rate variability (HRV) parameters during sympathetic nervous system activity (SNSa) stimulation among professional endurance athletes. Electrocardiographic recordings were performed in stable measurement conditions (Baseline) and during SNSa stimulation via isometric handgrip in 12 elite modern pentathlonists. Significant increases in short-term HR and decreases in time-domain HRV parameters with no changes in RespRate were observed during SNSa stimulation. Significant differences were observed between Baseline (all minutes) and the last (i.e., 5th) minute of SNSa stimulation for ultra-short-term parameters. Analysis of intra-individual changes revealed some heterogeneity in responses. The study provides baseline responses of HR, RespRate, and time-domain HRV parameters to SNSa stimulation among elite pentathlonists, which may be useful for identifying abnormal responses among fatigued or injured (e.g., concussed) athletes. More attention to individual analysis seems to be necessary when assessing physiological responses to sympathetic stimuli in professional endurance athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub S. Gąsior
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-793-199-222
| | - Bartosz Hoffmann
- Physiotherapy Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Luiz Eduardo Virgilio Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine of Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Łukasz Małek
- Department of Epidemiology, Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-635 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrew A. Flatt
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, GA 31419, USA;
| | - Rafał Baranowski
- Department of Heart Rhythm Disorders, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Werner
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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Medeiros AR, Leicht AS, Michael S, Boullosa D. Weekly vagal modulations and their associations with physical fitness and physical activity. Eur J Sport Sci 2020; 21:1326-1336. [PMID: 33070741 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1838619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) of R-R intervals, the most robust vagal modulation parameter of heart rate variability (HRV), has been proposed as a marker of global health and training adaptations. The weekly averaging of RMSSD and its natural logarithm (LnRMSSD) has been adopted to enhance detection of training-induced adaptations. We assessed measures of aerobic fitness, body composition, objective physical activity (PA), and daily LnRMSSD recordings during different conditions, such as supine rest, seated rest, standing and walking at 5 km/h, over a week in 34 healthy young individuals of both sexes (age: 22 ± 4 yr; body fatness: 20 ± 8%; estimated VO2max: 40 ± 8 mL·kg-1·min-1). The day-to-day reliability and agreement among LnRMSSD averages over 5, 4, 3, 2 and a single-day value per condition were assessed, while correlations between LnRMSSD, aerobic fitness, body composition, and PA were also examined. Poor to good day-to-day reliability, and moderate to excellent agreement were observed for LnRMSSD recordings for diverse conditions with a minimum of two daily recordings in the supine condition, and three in the other conditions achieving excellent agreement for weekly HRV assessment. Several correlations between LnRMSSD, aerobic fitness, body composition, and PA were revealed, with stronger observed associations during walking. Utilisation of weekly HRV (average of 2-3 daily recordings), as described in the current study, may provide practitioners with a tool to assess weekly vagal modulations for health and performance purposes. Walking HRV recordings may be a practical alternative to other conditions for the investigation of cardiac autonomic function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony S Leicht
- Sport & Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Scott Michael
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Daniel Boullosa
- Sport & Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.,Graduate Program in Movement Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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Renna ME, Hoyt MA, Ottaviani C, Mennin DS. An experimental examination of worry and relaxation on cardiovascular, endocrine, and inflammatory processes. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2020; 122:104870. [PMID: 33010599 PMCID: PMC7849652 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worry increases risk for long-term health issues by prolonging the physiological stress response. In contrast, relaxation may ameliorate the psychological and physiological burden resulting from worry. This study examined the impact of experimentally induced worry and relaxation on cortisol, heart rate variability (HRV), and inflammation. METHOD Participants (N = 80) completed both a worry and relaxation induction (presented in a fixed order) while HRV was collected continuously. Three blood samples were taken (at baseline, after the worry induction, and after the relaxation induction) to measure IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α and serum cortisol. RESULTS There were significant changes in IL-6 (p < 0.001), IFN-γ (p < 0.01), HRV (p < .001), and cortisol (p < .001) but not in TNF-α (p = 0.65) across conditions. HRV decreased significantly from baseline to worry and then increased following relaxation. IL-6 was higher during relaxation compared to worry and baseline. Cortisol decreased significantly across conditions. Several patterns of covariance between inflammation and HRV and/or cortisol also emerged. CONCLUSIONS These findings offer novel insight into how worry influences the immune system and emphasize the utility of a multi-methods approach to understanding the impact of worry on physical health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Renna
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA,The Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA,Corresponding author at: Institute of Behavioral Medicine Research, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States. (M.E. Renna)
| | | | - Cristina Ottaviani
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,Neuroimaging Laboratory, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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Hoffmann B, Flatt AA, Silva LEV, Młyńczak M, Baranowski R, Dziedzic E, Werner B, Gąsior JS. A Pilot Study of the Reliability and Agreement of Heart Rate, Respiratory Rate and Short-Term Heart Rate Variability in Elite Modern Pentathlon Athletes. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E833. [PMID: 33081149 PMCID: PMC7602793 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on reliability of heart rate variability (HRV) parameters in athletes has received increasing attention. The aims of this study were to examine the inter-day reliability of short-term (5 min) and ultra-short-term (1 min) heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RespRate) and HRV parameters, agreement between short-term and ultra-short-term parameters, and association between differences in HR, RespRate and HRV parameters in elite modern pentathletes. Electrocardiographic recordings were performed in stable measurement conditions with a week interval between tests. Relative reliability was evaluated by intra-class correlation coefficients, absolute reliability was evaluated by within-subject coefficient of variation, and agreement was evaluated using Bland-Altman (BA) plot with limits of agreement and defined a priori maximum acceptable difference. Short-term HR, RespRate, log transformed (ln) root mean square of successive normal-to-normal interval differences (lnRMSSD), ln high frequency (lnHF) and SD2/SD1 HRV indices and ultra-short-term HR, RespRate and lnRMSSD presented acceptable, satisfactory inter-day reliability. Although there were no significant differences between short-term and ultra-short-term HR, RespRate and lnRMSSD, no parameter showed acceptable differences with BA plots. Differences in time-domain and non-linear HRV parameters were more correlated with differences in HR than with differences in RespRate. Inverse results were observed for frequency-domain parameters. Short-term HR, RespRate, lnRMSSD, lnHF, and SD2/SD1 and ultra-short-term HR, RespRate and lnRMSSD could be used as reliable parameters in endurance athletes. However, practitioners should interpret changes in HRV parameters with regard to concomitant differences in HR and RespRate and caution should be taken before considering 5 min and 1 min parameters as interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Hoffmann
- Physiotherapy Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrew A. Flatt
- Biodynamics and Human Performance Center, Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University (Armstrong Campus), Savannah, GA 31419, USA;
| | - Luiz Eduardo Virgilio Silva
- Department of Internal Medicine of Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marcel Młyńczak
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 02-525 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Rafał Baranowski
- Department of Heart Rhythm Disorders, National Institute of Cardiology, 04-628 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Dziedzic
- Medical Faculty, Lazarski University in Warsaw, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Bożena Werner
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jakub S. Gąsior
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and General Pediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland;
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Hernández-Vicente A, Hernando D, Santos-Lozano A, Rodríguez-Romo G, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Pueyo E, Bailón R, Garatachea N. Heart Rate Variability and Exceptional Longevity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:566399. [PMID: 33041862 PMCID: PMC7527628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.566399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Centenarians are the paradigm of human extreme longevity and healthy aging, because they have postponed, if not avoided, mayor age-related diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate potential differences in resting heart rate variability (HRV) between young adults, octogenarians, and centenarians and assess whether HRV variables are predictors of all-cause mortality in centenarians. To this end, three groups of participants: young adults (N = 20; 20.6 ± 2.3 years), octogenarians (N = 18; 84.1 ± 2.6 years), and centenarians (N = 17; 101.9 ± 1.9 years) were monitored for 15 min at rest (seated, without moving or talking) to measure RR intervals, from which HRV was evaluated. Our results showed a clear decrease with age in the main parasympathetic HRV variables, as well as in the standard deviation (SD) of the RR series [SD of normal-to-normal interval (SDNN)] and in low frequency (LF) heart rate (HR) oscillations, although differences between octogenarians and centenarians did not reach statistical significance. In 14 centenarians followed until death, only SDNN showed significant correlation (ρ = 0.536; p = 0.048) with survival prognosis. Additionally, SDNN <19 ms was associated with early mortality (≤1 year) in centenarians (Hazard Ratio = 5.72). In conclusion, HRV indices reflecting parasympathetic outflow as well as SDNN and LF all present an age-related reduction, which could be representative of a natural exhaustion of allostatic systems related to age. Moreover, low SDNN values (<19 ms) could be associated with early mortality in centenarians. HRV seems to play a role in exceptional longevity, which could be accounted for by centenarians' exposome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Hernández-Vicente
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - David Hernando
- BSICoS Group, Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alejandro Santos-Lozano
- i+HeALTH, European University Miguel de Cervantes, Valladolid, Spain.,Research Institute of Hospital 12 de Octubre ("i+12"), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Rodríguez-Romo
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, INEF, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBERFES, Madrid, Spain
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER-Obn), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Esther Pueyo
- BSICoS Group, Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Bailón
- BSICoS Group, Aragón Institute for Engineering Research (I3A), IIS Aragón, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Nuria Garatachea
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, NUtrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.,Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBER-Obn), Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón -IA2- (CITA-Universidad de Zaragoza), Zaragoza, Spain
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Shalfawi SAI. Bayesian Estimation of Correlation between Measures of Blood Pressure Indices, Aerobic Capacity and Resting Heart Rate Variability Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Simulation and 95% High Density Interval in Female School Teachers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186750. [PMID: 32947985 PMCID: PMC7558932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Several explanations regarding the disparity observed in the literature with regard to heart rate variability (HRV) and its association with performance parameters have been proposed: the time of day when the recording was conducted, the condition (i.e., rest, active, post activity) and the mathematical and physiological relationships that could have influenced the results. A notable observation about early studies is that they all followed the frequentist approach to data analyses. Therefore, in an attempt to explain the disparity observed in the literature, the primary purpose of this study was to estimate the association between measures of HRV indices, aerobic performance parameters and blood pressure indices using the Bayesian estimation of correlation on simulated data using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and the equal probability of the 95% high density interval (95% HDI). Methods: The within-subjects with a one-group pretest experimental design was chosen to investigate the relationship between baseline measures of HRV (rest; independent variable), myocardial work (rate–pressure product (RPP)), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and aerobic performance parameters. The study participants were eight local female schoolteachers aged 54.1 ± 6.5 years (mean ± SD), with a body mass of 70.6 ± 11.5 kg and a height of 164.5 ± 6.5 cm. Their HRV data were analyzed in R package, and the Bayesian estimation of correlation was calculated employing the Bayesian hierarchical model that uses MCMC simulation integrated in the JAGS package. Results: The Bayesian estimation of correlation using MCMC simulation reproduced and supported the findings reported regarding norms and the within-HRV-indices associations. The results of the Bayesian estimation showed a possible association (regardless of the strength) between pNN50% and MAP (rho = 0.671; 95% HDI = 0.928–0.004), MeanRR (ms) and RPP (rho = −0.68; 95% HDI = −0.064–−0.935), SDNN (ms) and RPP (rho = 0.672; 95% HDI = 0.918–0.001), LF (ms2) and RPP (rho = 0.733; 95% HDI = 0.935–0.118) and SD2 and RPP (rho = 0.692; 95% HDI = 0.939–0.055). Conclusions: The Bayesian estimation of correlation with 95% HDI on MCMC simulated data is a new technique for data analysis in sport science and seems to provide a more robust approach to allocating credibility through a meaningful mathematical model. However, the 95% HDI found in this study, accompanied by the theoretical explanations regarding the dynamics between the parasympathetic nervous system and the sympathetic nervous system in relation to different recording conditions (supine, reactivation, rest), recording systems, time of day (morning, evening, sleep etc.) and age of participants, suggests that the association between measures of HRV indices and aerobic performance parameters has yet to be explicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaher A I Shalfawi
- Department of Education and Sports Science, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
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Jagim AR, Koch-Gallup N, Camic CL, Kroening L, Nolte C, Schroeder C, Gran L, Erickson JL. The accuracy of fitness watches for the measurement of heart rate and energy expenditure during moderate intensity exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:205-211. [PMID: 32734757 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11151-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As new technology emerges and updated fitness watches are released to the market, it is important to examine their accuracy. The aim of the current study was to examine the accuracy of three commercially available activity trackers in assessing heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) during moderate intensity exercise. METHODS Twenty healthy participants (Age: 20.5±0.7 yrs., Ht: 173.4±10.8 cm, BM: 72.8±13.9 kg, BMI: 24.0±2.5 kg/m2) wore two fitness watches (FB: Fitbit VersaTM, San Francisco, CA, USA; and PI: Polar IgniteTM, Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland) and a chest-worn HR monitor (PTP: Polar TeamPro SensorTM, Polar Electro) during a 12-minute exercise protocol at incremental speeds. An electrocardiogram (ECG) and indirect calorimetry were used as criterion measures for HR and EE. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) was calculated to determine measurement error. RESULTS The MAPE values for HR were 11.6±8.7% for the FB, 11.0±10.0% for the PI, and 6.3±5.2% for the PTP. For EE, MAPE values were 9.6±7.2% for the FB, 16.7±19.6% for the PI and 13.8±13.0% for the PTP. CONCLUSIONS Fitness watches relying on optical measures of HR underestimate HR compared to criterion measures during moderate intensity exercise. Despite providing a more accurate measure of HR, a chest-worn monitor does not provide a more accurate estimate of EE compared to fitness watches. The Fitbit provided the most accurate measure of EE when compared to the Polar Ignite watch and chest-worn device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Jagim
- Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Onalaska, WI, USA - .,Exercise and Sport Science Department, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA -
| | - Nicolas Koch-Gallup
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Clayton L Camic
- Kinesiology and Physical Education, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA
| | - Leah Kroening
- Exercise and Sport Science Department, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Charles Nolte
- Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Onalaska, WI, USA
| | - Cassidy Schroeder
- Exercise and Sport Science Department, University of Wisconsin La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA
| | - Lindsay Gran
- Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Onalaska, WI, USA
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Maggioni MA, Rundfeldt LC, Gunga HC, Joerres M, Merati G, Steinach M. The Advantage of Supine and Standing Heart Rate Variability Analysis to Assess Training Status and Performance in a Walking Ultramarathon. Front Physiol 2020; 11:731. [PMID: 32792964 PMCID: PMC7394006 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac autonomic modulation of heart rate, assessed by heart rate variability (HRV), is commonly used to monitor training status. HRV is usually measured in athletes after awakening in the morning in the supine position. Whether recording during standing reveals additional information compared to supine remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association between short-duration HRV, assessed both in the supine and standing position, and a low-intensity long-duration performance (walking ultramarathon), as well as training experience. Twenty-five competitors in a 100 km walking ultramarathon underwent pre-race supine (12 min) and standing (6 min) HR recordings, whereas performance and subjective training experience were assessed post-race. There were no significant differences in both supine and standing HRV between finishers (n = 14) and non-finishers (n = 11, mean distance 67 km). In finishers, a slower race velocity was significantly correlated with a higher decrease in parasympathetic drive during position change [larger decrease in High Frequency power normalized units (HFnu: r = −0.7, p = 0.01) and higher increase in the detrended fluctuation analysis alpha 1 index (DFA1: r = 0.6, p = 0.04)]. Highly trained athletes accounted for higher HFnu during standing compared to poorly trained competitors (+11.5, p = 0.01). Similarly, greater training volume (total km/week) would predict higher HFnu during standing (r = 0.5, p = 0.01). HRV assessment in both supine and standing position may provide additional information on the dynamic adaptability of cardiac autonomic modulation to physiologic challenges and therefore be more valuable for performance prediction than a simple assessment of supine HRV. Self-reported training experience may reliably associate with parasympathetic drive, therefore indirectly predicting long-term aerobic performance in ultramarathon walking races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Anna Maggioni
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lea Christiane Rundfeldt
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanns-Christian Gunga
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marc Joerres
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giampiero Merati
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy
| | - Mathias Steinach
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Physiology, Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, Berlin, Germany
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Hematological and Running Performance Modification of Trained Athletes after Reverse vs. Block Training Periodization. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134825. [PMID: 32635515 PMCID: PMC7369883 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of block (BP) and a reverse training periodization (RP) in the hematological and running performance of amateur trained athletes. Modifications in hematological, aerobic, and anaerobic running performance and countermovement jump before and after twelve weeks of BP vs. RP training programs were analyzed in 16 trained athletes (eight males: 40.0 ± 6.2 years; 179.2 ± 12.8 cm; 73.8 ± 12.2 kg; and eight females: 34.2 ± 4.1 years; 163.4 ± 9.6 cm; 57.0 ± 11.0 kg). A significant decrease in heart rate (HR) at ventilatory threshold (VT1) (p = 0.031; ES = 1.40) was observed in RP without changes in BP. In addition, RP increased significantly VO2max (p = 0.004; ES = 0.47), speed at VO2max (p = 0.001; ES = 1.07), HR at VT2 (p < 0.001; ES = 1.32) and VT1 (p = 0.046; ES = 0.57), while BP improved VO2max (p = 0.004; ES = 0.51), speed at VO2max (p = 0.016; ES = 0.92), and HR at VT2 (p = 0.023; ES = 0.78). In addition, only RP increased anaerobic performance in a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) (mean sprint: p = 0.009; ES = 0.40, best sprint: p = 0.019; ES = 0.30 and total time: p = 0.009; ES = 0.40). Moreover, both types of training periodization proposed in this study maintained hematological values and efficiently improved jump performance (p = 0.044; ES = 0.6) in RP and p = 0.001; ES = 0.75 in BP). Therefore, twelve weeks of either RP or BP is an effective strategy to increase jump and aerobic running performance maintaining hematological values, but only RP increases anaerobic running performance.
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48
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Ibacache P, Cárcamo P, Miranda C, Bottinelli A, Guzmán J, Martínez-Rosales E, Artero EG, Cano-Cappellacci M. Improvements in Heart Rate Variability in Women with Obesity: Short-term Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy. Obes Surg 2020; 30:4038-4045. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-04721-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bourassa S, Best KL, Racine M, Borisoff J, Leblond J, Routhier F. Use of actigraphy to measure real-world physical activities in manual wheelchair users. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng 2020; 7:2055668320907814. [PMID: 32292592 PMCID: PMC7144670 DOI: 10.1177/2055668320907814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The benefits of physical activity for manual wheelchair users are well-known. The purpose of this study was to validate actigraphy to objectively measure physical activity intensity among manual wheelchair users. Method An experimental design was used. Adult manual wheelchair users wore a GT3X actigraph on their non-dominant arm while completing eight physical activities of low (reading), moderate (propelling -- flat) and high (propelling -- steep ramp) intensity. Heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were collected at the end of each physical activity. Distribution of data were examined and used to determine the type of repeated measures (parametric vs. non-parametric). A categorical principal component analysis was performed to determine the amount of variability explained by actigraphy, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion. Activity count cut-points were estimated using bootstrapping methods. Results Twenty-eight manual wheelchair users completed the study. Actigraphy, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion co-varied as physical activity intensity changed. Activity counts for low-intensity and medium-intensity physical activities were estimated to be 0 to 45 and 45 to 100 activity counts per second, respectively. Activity counts' ranges for high-intensity physical activities were not clear. Conclusion Combining actigraphy and rating of perceived exertion could be an easy and reliable method to measure the intensity of real-world activities. Further research is needed confirm cut-points for physical activity intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Bourassa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Krista L Best
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Maxence Racine
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Jaimie Borisoff
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Vancouver, Canada.,Rehabilitation Engineering Design Laboratory, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Jean Leblond
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
| | - François Routhier
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.,Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Institut de réadaptation en déficience physique de Québec, Quebec City, Canada
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50
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Goldsack JC, Coravos A, Bakker JP, Bent B, Dowling AV, Fitzer-Attas C, Godfrey A, Godino JG, Gujar N, Izmailova E, Manta C, Peterson B, Vandendriessche B, Wood WA, Wang KW, Dunn J. Verification, analytical validation, and clinical validation (V3): the foundation of determining fit-for-purpose for Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs). NPJ Digit Med 2020; 3:55. [PMID: 32337371 PMCID: PMC7156507 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-020-0260-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Digital medicine is an interdisciplinary field, drawing together stakeholders with expertize in engineering, manufacturing, clinical science, data science, biostatistics, regulatory science, ethics, patient advocacy, and healthcare policy, to name a few. Although this diversity is undoubtedly valuable, it can lead to confusion regarding terminology and best practices. There are many instances, as we detail in this paper, where a single term is used by different groups to mean different things, as well as cases where multiple terms are used to describe essentially the same concept. Our intent is to clarify core terminology and best practices for the evaluation of Biometric Monitoring Technologies (BioMeTs), without unnecessarily introducing new terms. We focus on the evaluation of BioMeTs as fit-for-purpose for use in clinical trials. However, our intent is for this framework to be instructional to all users of digital measurement tools, regardless of setting or intended use. We propose and describe a three-component framework intended to provide a foundational evaluation framework for BioMeTs. This framework includes (1) verification, (2) analytical validation, and (3) clinical validation. We aim for this common vocabulary to enable more effective communication and collaboration, generate a common and meaningful evidence base for BioMeTs, and improve the accessibility of the digital medicine field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Coravos
- Digital Medicine Society (DiMe), Boston, MA USA
- Elektra Labs, Boston, MA USA
- Harvard-MIT Center for Regulatory Science, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jessie P. Bakker
- Digital Medicine Society (DiMe), Boston, MA USA
- Philips, Monroeville, PA USA
| | - Brinnae Bent
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | | | | | - Alan Godfrey
- Computer and Information Sciences Department, Northumbria University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Job G. Godino
- Center for Wireless and Population Health Systems, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Ninad Gujar
- Samsung Neurologica, Danvers, MA USA
- Curis Advisors, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Elena Izmailova
- Digital Medicine Society (DiMe), Boston, MA USA
- Koneksa Health, New York, USA
| | - Christine Manta
- Digital Medicine Society (DiMe), Boston, MA USA
- Elektra Labs, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Benjamin Vandendriessche
- Byteflies, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - William A. Wood
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Ke Will Wang
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jessilyn Dunn
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC USA
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