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Ryan MB, Girasole AE, Flores AJ, Twedell EL, McGregor MM, Brakaj R, Paletzki RF, Hnasko TS, Gerfen CR, Nelson AB. Excessive firing of dyskinesia-associated striatal direct pathway neurons is gated by dopamine and excitatory synaptic input. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114483. [PMID: 39024096 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The striatum integrates dopaminergic and glutamatergic inputs to select preferred versus alternative actions. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. One way to study action selection is to understand how it breaks down in pathological states. Here, we explored the cellular and synaptic mechanisms of levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID), a complication of Parkinson's disease therapy characterized by involuntary movements. We used an activity-dependent tool (FosTRAP) in conjunction with a mouse model of LID to investigate functionally distinct subsets of striatal direct pathway medium spiny neurons (dMSNs). In vivo, levodopa differentially activates dyskinesia-associated (TRAPed) dMSNs compared to other dMSNs. We found this differential activation of TRAPed dMSNs is likely to be driven by higher dopamine receptor expression, dopamine-dependent excitability, and excitatory input from the motor cortex and thalamus. Together, these findings suggest how the intrinsic and synaptic properties of heterogeneous dMSN subpopulations integrate to support action selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Ryan
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Allison E Girasole
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Andrew J Flores
- Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Emily L Twedell
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Matthew M McGregor
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Rea Brakaj
- Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Ronald F Paletzki
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas S Hnasko
- Department of Neurosciences, UCSD, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Charles R Gerfen
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexandra B Nelson
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
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Bezard E, Gray D, Kozak R, Leoni M, Combs C, Duvvuri S. Rationale and Development of Tavapadon, a D1/D5-Selective Partial Dopamine Agonist for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:476-487. [PMID: 36999711 PMCID: PMC10909821 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230331121028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
Currently, available therapeutics for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) fail to provide sustained and predictable relief from motor symptoms without significant risk of adverse events (AEs). While dopaminergic agents, particularly levodopa, may initially provide strong motor control, this efficacy can vary with disease progression. Patients may suffer from motor fluctuations, including sudden and unpredictable drop-offs in efficacy. Dopamine agonists (DAs) are often prescribed during early-stage PD with the expectation they will delay the development of levodopa-associated complications, but currently available DAs are less effective than levodopa for the treatment of motor symptoms. Furthermore, both levodopa and DAs are associated with a significant risk of AEs, many of which can be linked to strong, repeated stimulation of D2/D3 dopamine receptors. Targeting D1/D5 dopamine receptors has been hypothesized to produce strong motor benefits with a reduced risk of D2/D3-related AEs, but the development of D1-selective agonists has been previously hindered by intolerable cardiovascular AEs and poor pharmacokinetic properties. There is therefore an unmet need in PD treatment for therapeutics that provide sustained and predictable efficacy, with strong relief from motor symptoms and reduced risk of AEs. Partial agonism at D1/D5 has shown promise for providing relief from motor symptoms, potentially without the AEs associated with D2/D3-selective DAs and full D1/D5-selective DAs. Tavapadon is a novel oral partial agonist that is highly selective at D1/D5 receptors and could meet these criteria. This review summarizes currently available evidence of tavapadon's therapeutic potential for the treatment of early through advanced PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Bezard
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
- Motac Neuroscience, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Giua G, Lassalle O, Makrini-Maleville L, Valjent E, Chavis P, Manzoni OJJ. Investigating cell-specific effects of FMRP deficiency on spiny projection neurons in a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1146647. [PMID: 37323585 PMCID: PMC10264852 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1146647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fragile X syndrome (FXS), resulting from a mutation in the Fmr1 gene, is the most common monogenic cause of autism and inherited intellectual disability. Fmr1 encodes the Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein (FMRP), and its absence leads to cognitive, emotional, and social deficits compatible with the nucleus accumbens (NAc) dysfunction. This structure is pivotal in social behavior control, consisting mainly of spiny projection neurons (SPNs), distinguished by dopamine D1 or D2 receptor expression, connectivity, and associated behavioral functions. This study aims to examine how FMRP absence differentially affects SPN cellular properties, which is crucial for categorizing FXS cellular endophenotypes. Methods We utilized a novel Fmr1-/y::Drd1a-tdTomato mouse model, which allows in-situ identification of SPN subtypes in FXS mice. Using RNA-sequencing, RNAScope and ex-vivo patch-clamp in adult male mice NAc, we comprehensively compared the intrinsic passive and active properties of SPN subtypes. Results Fmr1 transcripts and their gene product, FMRP, were found in both SPNs subtypes, indicating potential cell-specific functions for Fmr1. The study found that the distinguishing membrane properties and action potential kinetics typically separating D1- from D2-SPNs in wild-type mice were either reversed or abolished in Fmr1-/y::Drd1a-tdTomato mice. Interestingly, multivariate analysis highlighted the compound effects of Fmr1 ablation by disclosing how the phenotypic traits distinguishing each cell type in wild-type mice were altered in FXS. Discussion Our results suggest that the absence of FMRP disrupts the standard dichotomy characterizing NAc D1- and D2-SPNs, resulting in a homogenous phenotype. This shift in cellular properties could potentially underpin select aspects of the pathology observed in FXS. Therefore, understanding the nuanced effects of FMRP absence on SPN subtypes can offer valuable insights into the pathophysiology of FXS, opening avenues for potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giua
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Lassalle
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Emmanuel Valjent
- IGF, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Pascale Chavis
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier J. J. Manzoni
- INMED, INSERM U1249, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
- Cannalab “Cannabinoids Neuroscience Research International Associated Laboratory”, INSERM-Aix-Marseille University/Indiana University, Marseille, France
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Morikawa H, Young CC, Smits JA. Usage of L-type calcium channel blockers to suppress drug reward and memory driving addiction: Past, present, and future. Neuropharmacology 2022; 221:109290. [PMID: 36241085 PMCID: PMC10476140 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Over the past three decades, L-type Ca2+ channel (LTCC) blockers have been considered a potential therapeutic drug to alleviate the symptoms of drug addiction. This idea has been supported, in part, by 1) expression of LTCCs in the brain dopaminergic circuits that are thought to play critical roles in the development and expression of addictive behaviors and 2) common usage of LTCC blockers in treating hypertension, which may enable off-label use of these drugs with good brain penetration as therapeutics for brain disorders. Addiction can be viewed as a maladaptive form of learning where powerful memories of drug-associated stimuli and actions drive compulsive drug intake. Largely under this framework, we will focus on the dopaminergic system that is thought be critically involved in drug-associated learning and memory and provide a brief overview of the past and recent studies testing the therapeutic potential of LTCC blockers for addictive disorders in animal models and humans and offer a future perspective on the use of LTCC blockers in drug addiction and, possibly, addiction to other non-drug rewards (e.g., gambling, eating, shopping). Interested readers can refer to other related articles in this issue and a comprehensive review available elsewhere (Little, 2021) to gain further insights into the roles of LTCCs in drug addiction and withdrawal symptoms associated with dependence. This article is part of the Special Issue on 'L-type calcium channel mechanisms in neuropsychiatric disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Morikawa
- Department of Neuroscience and Waggoner Center for Alcohol and Addiction Research, USA.
| | | | - Jasper A Smits
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Dutta CN, Christov-Moore L, Ombao H, Douglas PK. Neuroprotection in late life attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review of pharmacotherapy and phenotype across the lifespan. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:938501. [PMID: 36226261 PMCID: PMC9548548 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.938501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, psychostimulants have been the gold standard pharmaceutical treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In the United States, an astounding 9% of all boys and 4% of girls will be prescribed stimulant drugs at some point during their childhood. Recent meta-analyses have revealed that individuals with ADHD have reduced brain volume loss later in life (>60 y.o.) compared to the normal aging brain, which suggests that either ADHD or its treatment may be neuroprotective. Crucially, these neuroprotective effects were significant in brain regions (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala) where severe volume loss is linked to cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Historically, the ADHD diagnosis and its pharmacotherapy came about nearly simultaneously, making it difficult to evaluate their effects in isolation. Certain evidence suggests that psychostimulants may normalize structural brain changes typically observed in the ADHD brain. If ADHD itself is neuroprotective, perhaps exercising the brain, then psychostimulants may not be recommended across the lifespan. Alternatively, if stimulant drugs are neuroprotective, then this class of medications may warrant further investigation for their therapeutic effects. Here, we take a bottom-up holistic approach to review the psychopharmacology of ADHD in the context of recent models of attention. We suggest that future studies are greatly needed to better appreciate the interactions amongst an ADHD diagnosis, stimulant treatment across the lifespan, and structure-function alterations in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cintya Nirvana Dutta
- Biostatistics Group, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- School of Modeling, Simulation, and Training, and Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Leonardo Christov-Moore
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Hernando Ombao
- Biostatistics Group, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pamela K. Douglas
- School of Modeling, Simulation, and Training, and Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Alhajeri MM, Alkhanjari RR, Hodeify R, Khraibi A, Hamdan H. Neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and calcium in oocyte maturation and early development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:980219. [PMID: 36211465 PMCID: PMC9537470 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.980219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary reason behind the high level of complexity we embody as multicellular organisms is a highly complex intracellular and intercellular communication system. As a result, the activities of multiple cell types and tissues can be modulated resulting in a specific physiological function. One of the key players in this communication process is extracellular signaling molecules that can act in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine fashion to regulate distinct physiological responses. Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides are signaling molecules that renders long-range communication possible. In normal conditions, neurotransmitters are involved in normal responses such as development and normal physiological aspects; however, the dysregulation of neurotransmitters mediated signaling has been associated with several pathologies such as neurodegenerative, neurological, psychiatric disorders, and other pathologies. One of the interesting topics that is not yet fully explored is the connection between neuronal signaling and physiological changes during oocyte maturation and fertilization. Knowing the importance of Ca2+ signaling in these reproductive processes, our objective in this review is to highlight the link between the neuronal signals and the intracellular changes in calcium during oocyte maturation and embryogenesis. Calcium (Ca2+) is a ubiquitous intracellular mediator involved in various cellular functions such as releasing neurotransmitters from neurons, contraction of muscle cells, fertilization, and cell differentiation and morphogenesis. The multiple roles played by this ion in mediating signals can be primarily explained by its spatiotemporal dynamics that are kept tightly checked by mechanisms that control its entry through plasma membrane and its storage on intracellular stores. Given the large electrochemical gradient of the ion across the plasma membrane and intracellular stores, signals that can modulate Ca2+ entry channels or Ca2+ receptors in the stores will cause Ca2+ to be elevated in the cytosol and consequently activating downstream Ca2+-responsive proteins resulting in specific cellular responses. This review aims to provide an overview of the reported neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that participate in early stages of development and their association with Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maitha M. Alhajeri
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rayyah R. Alkhanjari
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rawad Hodeify
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Arts and Sciences, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali Khraibi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamdan Hamdan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Hamdan Hamdan,
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Babushkina N, Manahan-Vaughan D. Frequency-dependency of the involvement of dopamine D1/D5 and beta-adrenergic receptors in hippocampal LTD triggered by locus coeruleus stimulation. Hippocampus 2022; 32:449-465. [PMID: 35478421 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Patterned stimulation of the locus coeruleus (LC, 100 Hz), in conjunction with test-pulse stimulation of hippocampal afferents, results in input-specific long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Effects are long-lasting and have been described in Schaffer-collateral-CA1 and perforant path-dentate gyrus synapses in behaving rats. To what extent LC-mediated hippocampal LTD (LC-LTD) is frequency-dependent is unclear. Here, we report that LC-LTD can be triggered by LC stimulation with 2 and 5 Hz akin to tonic activity, 10 Hz equivalent to phasic activity, and 100 Hz akin to high-phasic activity in the dentate gyrus (DG) of freely behaving rats. LC-LTD at both 2 and 100 Hz can be significantly prevented by an NMDA receptor antagonist. The LC releases both noradrenaline (NA) and dopamine (DA) from its hippocampal terminals and may also trigger hippocampal DA release by activating the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Unclear is whether both neurotransmitters contribute equally to hippocampal LTD triggered by LC stimulation (LC-LTD). Both DA D1/D5 receptors (D1/D5R) and beta-adrenergic receptors (β-AR) are critically required for hippocampal LTD that is induced by patterned stimulation of hippocampal afferents, or is facilitated by spatial learning. We, therefore, explored to what extent these receptor subtypes mediate frequency-dependent hippocampal LC-LTD. LC-LTD elicited by 2, 5, and 10 Hz stimulation was unaffected by antagonism of β-AR with propranolol, whereas LC-LTD induced by these frequencies was prevented by D1/D5R-antagonism using SCH23390. By contrast, LC-LTD evoked at 100 Hz was prevented by β-AR-antagonism and only mildly affected by D1/D5R-antagonism. Taken together, these findings support that LC-LTD can be triggered by LC activity at a wide range of frequencies. Furthermore, the contribution of D1/D5R and β-AR to hippocampal LTD that is triggered by LC activity is frequency-dependent and suggests that D1/D5R may be involved in LC-mediated hippocampal tonus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Babushkina
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurophysiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Denise Manahan-Vaughan
- Medical Faculty, Department of Neurophysiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,International Graduate School of Neuroscience, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Canton-Josh JE, Qin J, Salvo J, Kozorovitskiy Y. Dopaminergic regulation of vestibulo-cerebellar circuits through unipolar brush cells. eLife 2022; 11:e76912. [PMID: 35476632 PMCID: PMC9106328 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While multiple monoamines modulate cerebellar output, the mechanistic details of dopaminergic signaling in the cerebellum remain poorly understood. We show that dopamine type 1 receptors (Drd1) are expressed in unipolar brush cells (UBCs) of the mouse cerebellar vermis. Drd1 activation increases UBC firing rate and post-synaptic NMDAR -mediated currents. Using anatomical tracing and in situ hybridization, we test three hypotheses about the source of cerebellar dopamine. We exclude midbrain dopaminergic nuclei and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive Purkinje (Pkj) cells as potential sources, supporting the possibility of dopaminergic co-release from locus coeruleus (LC) axons. Using an optical dopamine sensor GRABDA2h, electrical stimulation, and optogenetic activation of LC fibers in the acute slice, we find evidence for monoamine release onto Drd1-expressing UBCs. Altogether, we propose that the LC regulates cerebellar cortex activity by co-releasing dopamine onto UBCs to modulate their response to cerebellar inputs. Pkj cells directly inhibit these Drd1-positive UBCs, forming a dopamine-sensitive recurrent vestibulo-cerebellar circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joanna Qin
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern UniversityEvanstonUnited States
| | - Joseph Salvo
- Department of Neurobiology, Northwestern UniversityEvanstonUnited States
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Phasic Dopamine Changes and Hebbian Mechanisms during Probabilistic Reversal Learning in Striatal Circuits: A Computational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073452. [PMID: 35408811 PMCID: PMC8998230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive flexibility is essential to modify our behavior in a non-stationary environment and is often explored by reversal learning tasks. The basal ganglia (BG) dopaminergic system, under a top-down control of the pre-frontal cortex, is known to be involved in flexible action selection through reinforcement learning. However, how adaptive dopamine changes regulate this process and learning mechanisms for training the striatal synapses remain open questions. The current study uses a neurocomputational model of the BG, based on dopamine-dependent direct (Go) and indirect (NoGo) pathways, to investigate reinforcement learning in a probabilistic environment through a task that associates different stimuli to different actions. Here, we investigated: the efficacy of several versions of the Hebb rule, based on covariance between pre- and post-synaptic neurons, as well as the required control in phasic dopamine changes crucial to achieving a proper reversal learning. Furthermore, an original mechanism for modulating the phasic dopamine changes is proposed, assuming that the expected reward probability is coded by the activity of the winner Go neuron before a reward/punishment takes place. Simulations show that this original formulation for an automatic phasic dopamine control allows the achievement of a good flexible reversal even in difficult conditions. The current outcomes may contribute to understanding the mechanisms for active control of dopamine changes during flexible behavior. In perspective, it may be applied in neuropsychiatric or neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s or schizophrenia, in which reinforcement learning is impaired.
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Rendón-Ochoa EA, Padilla-Orozco M, Calderon VM, Avilés-Rosas VH, Hernández-González O, Hernández-Flores T, Perez-Ramirez MB, Palomero-Rivero M, Galarraga E, Bargas J. Dopamine D 2 and Adenosine A 2A Receptors Interaction on Ca 2+ Current Modulation in a Rodent Model of Parkinsonism. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221102075. [PMID: 36050845 PMCID: PMC9178983 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221102075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine A1 and A2A receptors are expressed in striatal projection neurons (SPNs). A1 receptors are located in direct (dSPN) and indirect SPNs (iSNP). A2A receptors are only present in iSPNs. Dopamine D2 receptors are also expressed in iSPNs and interactions between D2 and A2A receptors have received attention. iSPNs activity increases during parkinsonism (PD) and A2A receptors may be responsible by enhancing Ca2+ currents (iCa2+). Therefore, A2A receptors blockade is a therapeutic approach. We asked whether A2A receptors need the interaction with D2 receptors (D2R) to exert their actions. By using isolated and identified iSPNs to avoid indirect influences, we show that D2R action habilitates A2A receptors (A2AR) modulation. iCa2+ through voltage gated Ca2+ channels (CaV) was used as a signal to observe this interaction. Voltage-clamp recordings in acutely dissociated iSPNs, current-clamp recordings in slices and calcium imaging in transgenic A2A-Cre mice, showed that D2R reduction in iCa2+ endows A2AR to restore iCa2+ on iSPNs showing an antagonistic interaction between D2 and A2A receptors. A2A receptors were blocked by the antagonist istradefylline, however, this blockade differed in control and dopamine-depleted iSPNs: istradefylline reduced D2R modulation in parkinsonian animals as compared to controls. Calcium imaging recordings show that istradefylline occludes D2R actions in the parkinsonian circuitry and this effect depends on the order of drugs application. Thus, while D2 activation enables A2A receptors action, blockade of A2AR induces a reduction in the action of D2 agonists, confirming a complex interaction. Summary Statement A2A receptor required previous D2 receptor activation to modulate Ca2+ currents. Istradefylline decreases pramipexole modulation on Ca2+ currents. Istradefylline reduces A2A + neurons activity in striatial microcircuit, but pramipexole failed to further reduce neuronal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Alberto Rendón-Ochoa
- Laboratorio de Psicofarmacología, Unidad de Investigación Interdisciplinaria y de Ciencias de la Salud y Educación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Padilla-Orozco
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Vladimir Melesio Calderon
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Victor Hugo Avilés-Rosas
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Omar Hernández-González
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento dé Fisiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Teresa Hernández-Flores
- Brain Mechanism for behavior Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa, Japan
| | - María Belén Perez-Ramirez
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Marcela Palomero-Rivero
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Elvira Galarraga
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - José Bargas
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
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11
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Yang Y. Functional Selectivity of Dopamine D 1 Receptor Signaling: Retrospect and Prospect. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111914. [PMID: 34769344 PMCID: PMC8584964 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Research progress on dopamine D1 receptors indicates that signaling no longer is limited to G protein-dependent cyclic adenosine monophosphate phosphorylation but also includes G protein-independent β-arrestin-related mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, regulation of ion channels, phospholipase C activation, and possibly more. This review summarizes recent studies revealing the complexity of D1 signaling and its clinical implications, and suggests functional selectivity as a promising strategy for drug discovery to magnify the merit of D1 signaling. Functional selectivity/biased receptor signaling has become a major research front because of its potential to improve therapeutics through precise targeting. Retrospective pharmacological review indicated that many D1 ligands have some degree of mild functional selectivity, and novel compounds with extreme bias at D1 signaling were reported recently. Behavioral and neurophysiological studies inspired new methods to investigate functional selectivity and gave insight into the biased signaling of several drugs. Results from recent clinical trials also supported D1 functional selectivity signaling as a promising strategy for discovery and development of better therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
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12
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Little HJ. L-Type Calcium Channel Blockers: A Potential Novel Therapeutic Approach to Drug Dependence. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:127-154. [PMID: 34663686 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review describes interactions between compounds, primarily dihydropyridines, that block L-type calcium channels and drugs that cause dependence, and the potential importance of these interactions. The main dependence-inducing drugs covered are alcohol, psychostimulants, opioids, and nicotine. In preclinical studies, L-type calcium channel blockers prevent or reduce important components of dependence on these drugs, particularly their reinforcing actions and the withdrawal syndromes. The channel blockers also reduce the development of tolerance and/or sensitization, and they have no intrinsic dependence liability. In some instances, their effects include reversal of brain changes established during drug dependence. Prolonged treatment with alcohol, opioids, psychostimulant drugs, or nicotine causes upregulation of dihydropyridine binding sites. Few clinical studies have been carried out so far, and reports are conflicting, although there is some evidence of effectiveness of L-channel blockers in opioid withdrawal. However, the doses of L-type channel blockers used clinically so far have necessarily been limited by potential cardiovascular problems and may not have provided sufficient central levels of the drugs to affect neuronal dihydropyridine binding sites. New L-type calcium channel blocking compounds are being developed with more selective actions on subtypes of L-channel. The preclinical evidence suggests that L-type calcium channels may play a crucial role in the development of dependence to different types of drugs. Mechanisms for this are proposed, including changes in the activity of mesolimbic dopamine neurons, genomic effects, and alterations in synaptic plasticity. Newly developed, more selective L-type calcium channel blockers could be of considerable value in the treatment of drug dependence. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Dependence on drugs is a very serious health problem with little effective treatment. Preclinical evidence shows drugs that block particular calcium channels, the L-type, reduce dependence-related effects of alcohol, opioids, psychostimulants, and nicotine. Clinical studies have been restricted by potential cardiovascular side effects, but new, more selective L-channel blockers are becoming available. L-channel blockers have no intrinsic dependence liability, and laboratory evidence suggests they reverse previously developed effects of dependence-inducing drugs. They could provide a novel approach to addiction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary J Little
- Section of Alcohol Research, National Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Donthamsetti P, Winter N, Hoagland A, Stanley C, Visel M, Lammel S, Trauner D, Isacoff E. Cell specific photoswitchable agonist for reversible control of endogenous dopamine receptors. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4775. [PMID: 34362914 PMCID: PMC8346604 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine controls diverse behaviors and their dysregulation contributes to many disorders. Our ability to understand and manipulate the function of dopamine is limited by the heterogenous nature of dopaminergic projections, the diversity of neurons that are regulated by dopamine, the varying distribution of the five dopamine receptors (DARs), and the complex dynamics of dopamine release. In order to improve our ability to specifically modulate distinct DARs, here we develop a photo-pharmacological strategy using a Membrane anchored Photoswitchable orthogonal remotely tethered agonist for the Dopamine receptor (MP-D). Our design selectively targets D1R/D5R receptor subtypes, most potently D1R (MP-D1ago), as shown in HEK293T cells. In vivo, we targeted dorsal striatal medium spiny neurons where the photo-activation of MP-D1ago increased movement initiation, although further work is required to assess the effects of MP-D1ago on neuronal function. Our method combines ligand and cell type-specificity with temporally precise and reversible activation of D1R to control specific aspects of movement. Our results provide a template for analyzing dopamine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Donthamsetti
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Nils Winter
- grid.5252.00000 0004 1936 973XDepartment of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians University, München, Germany
| | - Adam Hoagland
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Cherise Stanley
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Meike Visel
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Stephan Lammel
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Dirk Trauner
- grid.137628.90000 0004 1936 8753Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York City, NY USA
| | - Ehud Isacoff
- grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA ,grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA ,grid.184769.50000 0001 2231 4551Molecular Biophysics & Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA USA
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14
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Maltese M, March JR, Bashaw AG, Tritsch NX. Dopamine differentially modulates the size of projection neuron ensembles in the intact and dopamine-depleted striatum. eLife 2021; 10:e68041. [PMID: 33983121 PMCID: PMC8163504 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a critical modulator of brain circuits that control voluntary movements, but our understanding of its influence on the activity of target neurons in vivo remains limited. Here, we use two-photon Ca2+ imaging to monitor the activity of direct and indirect-pathway spiny projection neurons (SPNs) simultaneously in the striatum of behaving mice during acute and prolonged manipulations of DA signaling. We find that increasing and decreasing DA biases striatal activity toward the direct and indirect pathways, respectively, by changing the overall number of SPNs recruited during behavior in a manner not predicted by existing models of DA function. This modulation is drastically altered in a model of Parkinson's disease. Our results reveal a previously unappreciated population-level influence of DA on striatal output and provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Maltese
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Jeffrey R March
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Alexander G Bashaw
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
| | - Nicolas X Tritsch
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkUnited States
- Fresco Institute for Parkinson’s and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone HealthNew YorkUnited States
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15
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Renteria R, Cazares C, Baltz ET, Schreiner DC, Yalcinbas EA, Steinkellner T, Hnasko TS, Gremel CM. Mechanism for differential recruitment of orbitostriatal transmission during actions and outcomes following chronic alcohol exposure. eLife 2021; 10:67065. [PMID: 33729155 PMCID: PMC8016477 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disease often produces symptoms that have divergent effects on neural activity. For example, in drug dependence, dysfunctional value-based decision-making and compulsive-like actions have been linked to hypo- and hyperactivity of orbital frontal cortex (OFC)-basal ganglia circuits, respectively; however, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we show that alcohol-exposed mice have enhanced activity in OFC terminals in dorsal striatum (OFC-DS) associated with actions, but reduced activity of the same terminals during periods of outcome retrieval, corresponding with a loss of outcome control over decision-making. Disrupted OFC-DS terminal activity was due to a dysfunction of dopamine-type 1 receptors on spiny projection neurons (D1R SPNs) that resulted in increased retrograde endocannabinoid signaling at OFC-D1R SPN synapses reducing OFC-DS transmission. Blocking CB1 receptors restored OFC-DS activity in vivo and rescued outcome-based control over decision-making. These findings demonstrate a circuit-, synapse-, and computation-specific mechanism gating OFC activity in alcohol-exposed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Renteria
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Christian Cazares
- The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Emily T Baltz
- The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Drew C Schreiner
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Ege A Yalcinbas
- The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Thomas Steinkellner
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Thomas S Hnasko
- The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States.,Research Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, United States
| | - Christina M Gremel
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States.,The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
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16
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Porter‐Stransky KA, Petko AK, Karne SL, Liles LC, Urs NM, Caron MG, Paladini CA, Weinshenker D. Loss of β-arrestin2 in D2 cells alters neuronal excitability in the nucleus accumbens and behavioral responses to psychostimulants and opioids. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12823. [PMID: 31441201 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Psychostimulants and opioids increase dopamine (DA) neurotransmission, activating D1 and D2 G protein-coupled receptors. β-arrestin2 (βarr2) desensitizes and internalizes these receptors and initiates G protein-independent signaling. Previous work revealed that mice with a global or cell-specific knockout of βarr2 have altered responses to certain drugs; however, the effects of βarr2 on the excitability of medium spiny neurons (MSNs), and its role in mediating the rewarding effects of drugs of abuse are unknown. D1-Cre and D2-Cre transgenic mice were crossed with floxed βarr2 mice to eliminate βarr2 specifically in cells containing either D1 (D1βarr2-KO ) or D2 (D2βarr2-KO ) receptors. We used slice electrophysiology to characterize the role of βarr2 in modulating D1 and D2 nucleus accumbens MSN intrinsic excitability in response to DA and tested the locomotor-activating and rewarding effects of cocaine and morphine in these mice. Eliminating βarr2 attenuated the ability of DA to inhibit D2-MSNs and altered the DA-induced maximum firing rate in D1-MSNs. While D1βarr2-KO mice had mostly normal drug responses, D2βarr2-KO mice showed dose-dependent reductions in acute locomotor responses to cocaine and morphine, attenuated locomotor sensitization to cocaine, and blunted cocaine reward measured with conditioned place preference. Both D2βarr2-KO and D1βarr2-KO mice displayed an enhanced conditioned place preference for the highest dose of morphine. These results indicate that D1- and D2-derived βarr2 functionally contribute to DA-induced changes in MSN intrinsic excitability and behavioral responses to psychostimulants and opioids dose-dependently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten A. Porter‐Stransky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine Kalamazoo MI USA
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | - Alyssa K. Petko
- University of Texas at San Antonio Neuroscience Institute, Department ofBiology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA
| | - Saumya L. Karne
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | - L. Cameron Liles
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
| | - Nikhil M. Urs
- Duke University Medical Center Department of Cell Biology Durham NC USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville FL USA
| | - Marc G. Caron
- Duke University Medical Center Department of Cell Biology Durham NC USA
| | - Carlos A. Paladini
- University of Texas at San Antonio Neuroscience Institute, Department ofBiology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA
| | - David Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta GA USA
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17
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Arrestin recruitment to dopamine D2 receptor mediates locomotion but not incentive motivation. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2086-2100. [PMID: 30120413 PMCID: PMC6378141 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-018-0212-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The dopamine (DA) D2 receptor (D2R) is an important target for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. However, the development of improved therapeutic strategies has been hampered by our incomplete understanding of this receptor's downstream signaling processes in vivo and how these relate to the desired and undesired effects of drugs. D2R is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that activates G protein-dependent as well as non-canonical arrestin-dependent signaling pathways. Whether these effector pathways act alone or in concert to facilitate specific D2R-dependent behaviors is unclear. Here, we report on the development of a D2R mutant that recruits arrestin but is devoid of G protein activity. When expressed virally in "indirect pathway" medium spiny neurons (iMSNs) in the ventral striatum of D2R knockout mice, this mutant restored basal locomotor activity and cocaine-induced locomotor activity in a manner indistinguishable from wild-type D2R, indicating that arrestin recruitment can drive locomotion in the absence of D2R-mediated G protein signaling. In contrast, incentive motivation was enhanced only by wild-type D2R, signifying a dissociation in the mechanisms that underlie distinct D2R-dependent behaviors, and opening the door to more targeted therapeutics.
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18
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Brugnoli A, Pisanò CA, Morari M. Striatal and nigral muscarinic type 1 and type 4 receptors modulate levodopa-induced dyskinesia and striato-nigral pathway activation in 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 144:105044. [PMID: 32798726 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine muscarinic receptors (mAChRs) contribute to both the facilitation and inhibition of levodopa-induced dyskinesia operated by striatal cholinergic interneurons, although the receptor subtypes involved remain elusive. Cholinergic afferents from the midbrain also innervate the substantia nigra reticulata, although the role of nigral mAChRs in levodopa-induced dyskinesia is unknown. Here, we investigate whether striatal and nigral M1 and/or M4 mAChRs modulate dyskinesia and the underlying striato-nigral GABAergic pathway activation in 6-hydroxydopamine hemilesioned rats. Reverse microdialysis allowed to deliver the mAChR antagonists telenzepine (M1 subtype preferring), PD-102807 and tropicamide (M4 subtype preferring), as well as the selective M4 mAChR positive allosteric modulator VU0152100 in striatum or substantia nigra, while levodopa was administered systemically. Dyskinetic movements were monitored along with nigral GABA (and glutamate) and striatal glutamate dialysate levels, taken as neurochemical correlates of striato-nigral pathway and cortico-basal ganglia-thalamo-cortical loop activation. We observed that intrastriatal telenzepine, PD-102807 and tropicamide alleviated dyskinesia and inhibited nigral GABA and striatal glutamate release. This was partially replicated by intrastriatal VU0152100. The M2 subtype preferring antagonist AFDX-116, used to elevate striatal acetylcholine levels, blocked the behavioral and neurochemical effects of PD-102807. Intranigral VU0152100 prevented levodopa-induced dyskinesia and its neurochemical correlates whereas PD-102807 was ineffective. These results suggest that striatal, likely postsynaptic, M1 mAChRs facilitate dyskinesia and striato-nigral pathway activation in vivo. Conversely, striatal M4 mAChRs can both facilitate and inhibit dyskinesia, possibly depending on their localization. Potentiation of striatal and nigral M4 mAChR transmission leads to powerful multilevel inhibition of striato-nigral pathway and attenuation of dyskinesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Brugnoli
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Clarissa Anna Pisanò
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Morari
- Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy.
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19
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Lahiri AK, Bevan MD. Dopaminergic Transmission Rapidly and Persistently Enhances Excitability of D1 Receptor-Expressing Striatal Projection Neurons. Neuron 2020; 106:277-290.e6. [PMID: 32075716 PMCID: PMC7182485 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Substantia nigra dopamine neurons have been implicated in the initiation and invigoration of movement, presumably through their modulation of striatal projection neuron (SPN) activity. However, the impact of native dopaminergic transmission on SPN excitability has not been directly demonstrated. Using perforated patch-clamp recording, we found that optogenetic stimulation of nigrostriatal dopamine axons rapidly and persistently elevated the excitability of D1 receptor-expressing SPNs (D1-SPNs). The evoked firing of D1-SPNs increased within hundreds of milliseconds of stimulation and remained elevated for ≥ 10 min. Consistent with the negative modulation of depolarization- and Ca2+-activated K+ currents, dopaminergic transmission accelerated subthreshold depolarization in response to current injection, reduced the latency to fire, and transiently diminished action potential afterhyperpolarization. Persistent modulation was protein kinase A dependent and associated with a reduction in action potential threshold. Together, these data demonstrate that dopaminergic transmission potently increases D1-SPN excitability with a time course that could support subsecond and sustained behavioral control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha K Lahiri
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mark D Bevan
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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20
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Sablotny-Wackershauser V, Betts MJ, Brunnlieb C, Apostolova I, Buchert R, Düzel E, Gruendler TOJ, Vogt B. Older adults show a reduced tendency to engage in context-dependent decision biases. Neuropsychologia 2020; 142:107445. [PMID: 32275966 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
When we make decisions, we usually consider the context. This can sometimes lead to suboptimal choices or choice abnormalities. One such abnormality is the compromise effect, according to which deciders tend to favour options positioned as a compromise in an available set of extreme options. Theoretical accounts consider that these effects relate to available cognitive resources, which, in turn, have been found to depend on an individual's dopaminergic innervation. Referring to a correlative triad between cognition, dopamine and aging, the present study demonstrates that the compromise effect is replicable in a group of younger adults (n = 27, 20-32 years of age) yet is attenuated in older adults (n = 27, 62-80 years of age). Results from an [18F]-FDOPA-PET analysis in older adults indicate a positive association between older adults' inclination to engage in compromise effects and their striatal dopamine synthesis capacity. These results demonstrate altered context-dependent decision biases in older adults and suggest a neuromodulatory mechanism underlying this irregular choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Sablotny-Wackershauser
- Faculty of Economics and Management, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; Harz University of Applied Sciences Wernigerode, Germany.
| | - Matthew J Betts
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Ivayla Apostolova
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Ralph Buchert
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, UK
| | - Theo O J Gruendler
- Faculty of Economics and Management, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Military Mental Health, Military Hospital Berlin, Germany
| | - Bodo Vogt
- Faculty of Economics and Management, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Social Medicine and Health Economics, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany
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21
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Bartsch JC, Behr J. Noncanonical, Dopamine-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation at Hippocampal Output Synapses in a Rodent Model of First-Episode Psychosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:55. [PMID: 32317931 PMCID: PMC7146052 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits and positive symptoms in schizophrenia have both been linked to hippocampal dysfunction. Recently, subregion-specific aberrant and maladaptive hippocampal synaptic plasticity has been suggested as one of the mechanistic underpinnings. The subiculum is the final output hub of the hippocampus and orchestrates hippocampal information transfer to other brain regions. While most CA1 pyramidal neurons show regular-spiking behavior, subicular output neurons comprise bursting and regular-firing pyramidal cells. These two cell types target different brain regions and express unique forms of synaptic plasticity. Here, we used a single systemic application of the noncompetitive glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist MK-801 to model first-episode psychosis in rats and studied long-term potentiation (LTP) in subicular regular-firing cells in acute hippocampal slices. Previously, we have reported a facilitation of a presynaptic, late-onset LTP in subicular bursting pyramidal cells after systemic NMDAR antagonism. Here, we show that single systemic NMDAR antagonist application also facilitates the induction of a noncanonical, but postsynaptic NMDAR-independent LTP in ventral subicular but not in CA1 regular-firing pyramidal cells. This form of LTP was dependent on D1/D5 dopamine receptor activation. Activation of D1/D5 dopamine receptors by a specific agonist mimicked and occluded LTP induced by electrical high-frequency stimulation (HFS). Furthermore, our results indicate that this form of LTP relies on postsynaptic Ca2+ signaling and requires the activation of protein kinase A. Considering the pivotal role of the subiculum as information gatekeeper between the hippocampus and other brain regions, this aberrant LTP in ventral subicular regular-firing neurons is expected to interfere with physiological hippocampal output processing and might thereby contribute to hippocampal dysfunction in psychotic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia C Bartsch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Behr
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Brandenburg Medical School, Neuruppin, Germany
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22
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Ryan MB, Bair-Marshall C, Nelson AB. Aberrant Striatal Activity in Parkinsonism and Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia. Cell Rep 2019; 23:3438-3446.e5. [PMID: 29924988 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Action selection relies on the coordinated activity of striatal direct and indirect pathway medium spiny neurons (dMSNs and iMSNs, respectively). Loss of dopamine in Parkinson's disease is thought to disrupt this balance. While dopamine replacement with levodopa may restore normal function, the development of involuntary movements (levodopa-induced dyskinesia [LID]) limits therapy. How chronic dopamine loss and replacement with levodopa modulate the firing of identified MSNs in behaving animals is unknown. Using optogenetically labeled striatal single-unit recordings, we assess circuit dysfunction in parkinsonism and LID. Counter to current models, we found that following dopamine depletion, iMSN firing was elevated only during periods of immobility, while dMSN firing was dramatically and persistently reduced. Most notably, we identified a subpopulation of dMSNs with abnormally high levodopa-evoked firing rates, which correlated specifically with dyskinesia. These findings provide key insights into the circuit mechanisms underlying parkinsonism and LID, with implications for developing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael B Ryan
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Alexandra B Nelson
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Kavli Institute for Fundamental Neuroscience, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Department of Neurology, UCSF, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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23
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Vitanova KS, Stringer KM, Benitez DP, Brenton J, Cummings DM. Dementia associated with disorders of the basal ganglia. J Neurosci Res 2019; 97:1728-1741. [PMID: 31392765 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dementia is now the leading cause of death in the United Kingdom, accounting for over 12% of all deaths and is the fifth most common cause of death worldwide. As treatments for heart disease and cancers improve and the population ages, the number of sufferers will only increase, with the chance of developing dementia doubling every 5 years after the age of 65. Finding an effective treatment is ever more critical to avert this pandemic health (and economic) crisis. To date, most dementia-related research has focused on the cortex and the hippocampus; however, with dementia becoming more fully recognized as aspects of diseases historically categorized as motor disorders (e.g., Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases), the role of the basal ganglia in dementia is coming to the fore. Conversely, it is highly likely that neuronal pathways in these structures traditionally considered as spared in Alzheimer's disease are also affected, particularly in later stages of the disease. In this review, we examine some of the limited evidence linking the basal ganglia to dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina S Vitanova
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Katie M Stringer
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.,Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Diana P Benitez
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Brenton
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Damian M Cummings
- Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK
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De Loof E, Vassena E, Janssens C, De Taeye L, Meurs A, Van Roost D, Boon P, Raedt R, Verguts T. Preparing for hard times: Scalp and intracranial physiological signatures of proactive cognitive control. Psychophysiology 2019; 56:e13417. [DOI: 10.1111/psyp.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther De Loof
- Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Eliana Vassena
- Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Clio Janssens
- Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Leen De Taeye
- Department of Internal Medicine Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Alfred Meurs
- Department of Internal Medicine Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Dirk Van Roost
- Department of Surgery Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Paul Boon
- Department of Internal Medicine Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Robrecht Raedt
- Department of Internal Medicine Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Tom Verguts
- Department of Experimental Psychology Ghent University Ghent Belgium
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25
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Glovaci I, Chapman CA. Dopamine induces release of calcium from internal stores in layer II lateral entorhinal cortex fan cells. Cell Calcium 2019; 80:103-111. [PMID: 30999216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The entorhinal cortex plays an important role in temporal lobe processes including learning and memory, object recognition, and contextual information processing. The alteration of the strength of synaptic inputs to the lateral entorhinal cortex may therefore contribute substantially to sensory and mnemonic functions. The neuromodulatory transmitter dopamine exerts powerful effects on excitatory glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the entorhinal cortex. Interestingly, inputs from midbrain dopamine neurons appear to specifically target clusters of excitatory cells located in the superficial layers of the entorhinal cortex. We have previously demonstrated that dopamine facilitates synaptic transmission through the activation of D1-like receptors. This facilitation of synaptic transmission is dependent on both activation of classical D1-like-receptors, and upon activation of dopamine receptors linked to increases in phospholipase C, inositol triphosphate (IP3), and intracellular calcium. In the present study we combined electrophysiological recordings of evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents with imaging of intracellular calcium using the fluorescent indicator fluo-4 to monitor calcium transients evoked by dopamine in electrophysiologically identified putative fan and pyramidal cells of the lateral entorhinal cortex. Bath application of dopamine (1 μM), or the phosphatidylinositol (PI)-linked D1-like-receptor agonist SKF83959 (5 μM), induced reliable and reversible increases in fluo-4 fluorescence and excitatory postsynaptic currents in fan cells, but not in pyramidal cells. In contrast, application of the classical D1-like-receptor agonist SKF38393 (10 μM) did not result in significant increases in fluorescence. Blocking release of calcium from internal stores by loading cells with the IP3 receptor blocker heparin (1 mM) or the ryanodine receptor blocker dantrolene (20 μM) abolished both the calcium transients and the facilitation of evoked synaptic currents induced by dopamine. Dopamine also induced calcium transients in fan cells when calcium was excluded from the extracellular medium, further indicating that the calcium transients are linked to release from internal stores. These results indicate that following D1-like-receptor binding, dopamine selectively induces transient elevations in intracellular calcium via activation of IP3 and ryanodine receptors, and that these elevations are linked to the facilitation of synaptic responses in putative layer II entorhinal cortex fan cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Glovaci
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - C Andrew Chapman
- Center for Studies in Behavioral Neurobiology, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, H4B 1R6, Canada.
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Gallo EF. Disentangling the diverse roles of dopamine D2 receptors in striatal function and behavior. Neurochem Int 2019; 125:35-46. [PMID: 30716356 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) mediate many of the actions of dopamine in the striatum, ranging from movement to the effortful pursuit of reward. Yet despite significant advances in linking D2Rs to striatal functions with pharmacological and genetic strategies in animals, how dopamine orchestrates its myriad actions on different cell populations -each expressing D2Rs- remains unclear. Furthermore, brain imaging and genetic studies in humans have consistently associated striatal D2R alterations with various neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, but how and which D2Rs are involved in each case is poorly understood. Therefore, a critical first step is to engage in a refined and systematic investigation of the impact of D2R function on specific striatal cells, circuits, and behaviors. Here, I will review recent efforts, primarily in animal models, aimed at unlocking the complex and heterogeneous roles of D2Rs in striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo F Gallo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
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27
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Siciliano CA, Tye KM. Leveraging calcium imaging to illuminate circuit dysfunction in addiction. Alcohol 2019; 74:47-63. [PMID: 30470589 PMCID: PMC7575247 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol and drug use can dysregulate neural circuit function to produce a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including addiction. To understand the neural circuit computations that mediate behavior, and how substances of abuse may transform them, we must first be able to observe the activity of circuits. While many techniques have been utilized to measure activity in specific brain regions, these regions are made up of heterogeneous sub-populations, and assessing activity from neuronal populations of interest has been an ongoing challenge. To fully understand how neural circuits mediate addiction-related behavior, we must be able to reveal the cellular granularity within brain regions and circuits by overlaying functional information with the genetic and anatomical identity of the cells involved. The development of genetically encoded calcium indicators, which can be targeted to populations of interest, allows for in vivo visualization of calcium dynamics, a proxy for neuronal activity, thus providing an avenue for real-time assessment of activity in genetically and anatomically defined populations during behavior. Here, we highlight recent advances in calcium imaging technology, compare the current technology with other state-of-the-art approaches for in vivo monitoring of neural activity, and discuss the strengths, limitations, and practical concerns for observing neural circuit activity in preclinical addiction models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody A Siciliano
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States.
| | - Kay M Tye
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States; The Salk Institute for Biological Sciences, 10010 N Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, United States.
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Silwal A, Lu HP. Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of Signaling Molecules-Dopamine Receptors Interactions in Living Cells. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:14849-14857. [PMID: 30555993 PMCID: PMC6289496 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The selective interaction of signaling compounds including neurotransmitters and drugs with the dopamine receptors (DARs) is extremely important for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we report a method to probe the selective interactions of signaling compounds with D1 and D2 DARs in living cells using the combined approach of theoretical calculation and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). When signaling compounds such as DA, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methylenedioxypyrovalerone interact with D1 dopamine receptors (DRD1), the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level is increased. However, the intracellular level of cAMP is decreased when D2 dopamine receptors (DRD2) interact with the abovementioned signaling compounds. In our experiments, we have internalized the silica-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNP@SiO2) in living cells to adsorb biologically generated cAMP which was probed by using SERS. Besides adsorptions of cAMP, AgNP@SiO2 has a crucial role for the enhancement of Raman cross section of the samples. We observed the characteristic SERS peaks of cAMP when DRD1-overexpressed cells interact with the signaling compounds; these peaks were not observed for other cells including DRD2-overexpressed and DRD1-DRD2-coexpressed cells. Our experimental approach is successful to probe the intracellular cAMP and characterize the selectivity of signaling compounds to different types of DARs. Furthermore, our experimental approach is highly capable for in vivo studies because it can probe intracellular cAMP using a low input power of incident laser without significant cell damage. Our experimental results and density functional theory calculations showed that 780 and 1503 cm-1 are signature Raman peaks of cAMP. The SERS peak at 780 cm-1 is associated with C-O, C-C, and C-N stretching and symmetric and asymmetric bending of two O-H bonds of cAMP, whereas the SERS peak at 1503 cm-1 is contributed by the O9-H3 bending mode.
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Tambasco N, Romoli M, Calabresi P. Selective basal ganglia vulnerability to energy deprivation: Experimental and clinical evidences. Prog Neurobiol 2018; 169:55-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Lan Z, Zhang W, Xu J, Zhou M, Chen Y, Zou H, Lu W. Modulatory effect of dopamine receptor 5 on the neurosecretory Dahlgren cells of the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 266:67-77. [PMID: 29678723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A neuromodulatory role for dopamine has been reported for magnocellular neuroendocrine cells in the mammalian hypothalamus. We examined its potential role as a local intercellular messenger in the neuroendocrine Dahlgren cell population of the caudal neurosecretory system (CNSS) of the euryhaline flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. In vitro application of dopamine (DA) caused an increase in electrical activity (firing frequency, recorded extracellularly) of Dahlgren cells, recruitment of previously silent cells, together with a greater proportion of cells showing phasic (irregular) activity. The dopamine precursor, levodopa (L-DOPA), also increased firing frequency, cell recruitment and enhanced bursting and tonic activity. The effect of dopamine was blocked by the D1, D5 receptor antagonist SCH23390, but not by the D2, D3, D4 receptor antagonist amisulpride. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that all DA receptors (D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5) were present in the flounder CNSS. However, quantitative RT-PCR revealed that D5 receptor mRNA expression was significantly increased in the CNSS following dopamine superfusion. These findings suggest that dopamine may modulate CNSS activity in vivo, and therefore neurosecretory output, through D5 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Lan
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jinling Xu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mo Zhou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Yingxin Chen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China
| | - Huafeng Zou
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Weiqun Lu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, China.
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31
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Calcium currents in striatal fast-spiking interneurons: dopaminergic modulation of Ca V1 channels. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:42. [PMID: 30012109 PMCID: PMC6048700 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Striatal fast-spiking interneurons (FSI) are a subset of GABAergic cells that express calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV). They provide feed-forward inhibition to striatal projection neurons (SPNs), receive cortical, thalamic and dopaminergic inputs and are coupled together by electrical and chemical synapses, being important components of the striatal circuitry. It is known that dopamine (DA) depolarizes FSI via D1-class DA receptors, but no studies about the ionic mechanism of this action have been reported. Here we ask about the ion channels that are the effectors of DA actions. This work studies their Ca2+ currents. RESULTS Whole-cell recordings in acutely dissociated and identified FSI from PV-Cre transgenic mice were used to show that FSI express an array of voltage gated Ca2+ channel classes: CaV1, CaV2.1, CaV2.2, CaV2.3 and CaV3. However, CaV1 Ca2+ channel carries most of the whole-cell Ca2+ current in FSI. Activation of D1-like class of DA receptors by the D1-receptor selective agonist SKF-81297 (SKF) enhances whole-cell Ca2+ currents through CaV1 channels modulation. A previous block of CaV1 channels with nicardipine occludes the action of the DA-agonist, suggesting that no other Ca2+ channel is modulated by D1-receptor activation. Bath application of SKF in brain slices increases the firing rate and activity of FSI as measured with both whole-cell and Ca2+ imaging recordings. These actions are reduced by nicardipine. CONCLUSIONS The present work discloses one final effector of DA modulation in FSI. We conclude that the facilitatory action of DA in FSI is in part due to CaV1 Ca2+ channels positive modulation.
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Ursino M, Baston C. Aberrant learning in Parkinson's disease: A neurocomputational study on bradykinesia. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 47:1563-1582. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Ursino
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - Chiara Baston
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi”; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Weismüller B, Ghio M, Logmin K, Hartmann C, Schnitzler A, Pollok B, Südmeyer M, Bellebaum C. Effects of feedback delay on learning from positive and negative feedback in patients with Parkinson's disease off medication. Neuropsychologia 2018; 117:46-54. [PMID: 29758227 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Phasic dopamine (DA) signals conveyed from the substantia nigra to the striatum and the prefrontal cortex crucially affect learning from feedback, with DA bursts facilitating learning from positive feedback and DA dips facilitating learning from negative feedback. Consequently, diminished nigro-striatal dopamine levels as in unmedicated patients suffering from Parkinson's Disease (PD) have been shown to lead to a negative learning bias. Recent studies suggested a diminished striatal contribution to feedback processing when the outcome of an action is temporally delayed. This study investigated whether the bias towards negative feedback learning induced by a lack of DA in PD patients OFF medication is modulated by feedback delay. To this end, PD patients OFF medication and healthy controls completed a probabilistic selection task, in which feedback was given immediately (after 800 ms) or delayed (after 6800 ms). PD patients were impaired in immediate but not delayed feedback learning. However, differences in the preference for positive/negative learning between patients and controls were seen for both learning from immediate and delayed feedback, with evidence of stronger negative learning in patients than controls. A Bayesian analysis of the data supports the conclusion that feedback timing did not affect the learning bias in the patients. These results hint at reduced, but still relevant nigro-striatal contribution to feedback learning, when feedback is delayed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Weismüller
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Marta Ghio
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kazimierz Logmin
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bettina Pollok
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Martin Südmeyer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Bellebaum
- Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany
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Basal ganglia mechanisms in action selection, plasticity, and dystonia. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:225-229. [PMID: 29396175 PMCID: PMC5815934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Basal ganglia circuits are organized to selected desired actions and to inhibit potentially competing unwanted actions. This is accomplished through a complex circuitry that is modified through development and learning. Mechanisms of neural plasticity underlying these modifications are increasingly understood, but new mechanisms continue to be discovered. Dystonia, a movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions that cause abnormal postures and movements. Emerging evidence points to important links between mechanisms of plasticity and the manifestations of dystonia. Investigation of these mechanisms has improved understanding of the action of currently used medication and is informing the development of new treatments.
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Lindroos R, Dorst MC, Du K, Filipović M, Keller D, Ketzef M, Kozlov AK, Kumar A, Lindahl M, Nair AG, Pérez-Fernández J, Grillner S, Silberberg G, Hellgren Kotaleski J. Basal Ganglia Neuromodulation Over Multiple Temporal and Structural Scales-Simulations of Direct Pathway MSNs Investigate the Fast Onset of Dopaminergic Effects and Predict the Role of Kv4.2. Front Neural Circuits 2018; 12:3. [PMID: 29467627 PMCID: PMC5808142 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2018.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The basal ganglia are involved in the motivational and habitual control of motor and cognitive behaviors. Striatum, the largest basal ganglia input stage, integrates cortical and thalamic inputs in functionally segregated cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic loops, and in addition the basal ganglia output nuclei control targets in the brainstem. Striatal function depends on the balance between the direct pathway medium spiny neurons (D1-MSNs) that express D1 dopamine receptors and the indirect pathway MSNs that express D2 dopamine receptors. The striatal microstructure is also divided into striosomes and matrix compartments, based on the differential expression of several proteins. Dopaminergic afferents from the midbrain and local cholinergic interneurons play crucial roles for basal ganglia function, and striatal signaling via the striosomes in turn regulates the midbrain dopaminergic system directly and via the lateral habenula. Consequently, abnormal functions of the basal ganglia neuromodulatory system underlie many neurological and psychiatric disorders. Neuromodulation acts on multiple structural levels, ranging from the subcellular level to behavior, both in health and disease. For example, neuromodulation affects membrane excitability and controls synaptic plasticity and thus learning in the basal ganglia. However, it is not clear on what time scales these different effects are implemented. Phosphorylation of ion channels and the resulting membrane effects are typically studied over minutes while it has been shown that neuromodulation can affect behavior within a few hundred milliseconds. So how do these seemingly contradictory effects fit together? Here we first briefly review neuromodulation of the basal ganglia, with a focus on dopamine. We furthermore use biophysically detailed multi-compartmental models to integrate experimental data regarding dopaminergic effects on individual membrane conductances with the aim to explain the resulting cellular level dopaminergic effects. In particular we predict dopaminergic effects on Kv4.2 in D1-MSNs. Finally, we also explore dynamical aspects of the onset of neuromodulation effects in multi-scale computational models combining biochemical signaling cascades and multi-compartmental neuron models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Lindroos
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthijs C. Dorst
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kai Du
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marko Filipović
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Daniel Keller
- Blue Brain Project, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maya Ketzef
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander K. Kozlov
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Bernstein Center Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department Computational Science and Technology, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Lindahl
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anu G. Nair
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
| | - Juan Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sten Grillner
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gilad Silberberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Hellgren Kotaleski
- Department of Neuroscience, Nobel Institute for Neurophysiology, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, Sweden
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James SS, Papapavlou C, Blenkinsop A, Cope AJ, Anderson SR, Moustakas K, Gurney KN. Integrating Brain and Biomechanical Models-A New Paradigm for Understanding Neuro-muscular Control. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:39. [PMID: 29467606 PMCID: PMC5808253 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, realistic models of how the central nervous system governs behavior have been restricted in scope to the brain, brainstem or spinal column, as if these existed as disembodied organs. Further, the model is often exercised in relation to an in vivo physiological experiment with input comprising an impulse, a periodic signal or constant activation, and output as a pattern of neural activity in one or more neural populations. Any link to behavior is inferred only indirectly via these activity patterns. We argue that to discover the principles of operation of neural systems, it is necessary to express their behavior in terms of physical movements of a realistic motor system, and to supply inputs that mimic sensory experience. To do this with confidence, we must connect our brain models to neuro-muscular models and provide relevant visual and proprioceptive feedback signals, thereby closing the loop of the simulation. This paper describes an effort to develop just such an integrated brain and biomechanical system using a number of pre-existing models. It describes a model of the saccadic oculomotor system incorporating a neuromuscular model of the eye and its six extraocular muscles. The position of the eye determines how illumination of a retinotopic input population projects information about the location of a saccade target into the system. A pre-existing saccadic burst generator model was incorporated into the system, which generated motoneuron activity patterns suitable for driving the biomechanical eye. The model was demonstrated to make accurate saccades to a target luminance under a set of environmental constraints. Challenges encountered in the development of this model showed the importance of this integrated modeling approach. Thus, we exposed shortcomings in individual model components which were only apparent when these were supplied with the more plausible inputs available in a closed loop design. Consequently we were able to suggest missing functionality which the system would require to reproduce more realistic behavior. The construction of such closed-loop animal models constitutes a new paradigm of computational neurobehavior and promises a more thoroughgoing approach to our understanding of the brain's function as a controller for movement and behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian S. James
- Adaptive Behaviour Research Group, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Insigneo Institute for In-Silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Papapavlou
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Alexander Blenkinsop
- Adaptive Behaviour Research Group, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Insigneo Institute for In-Silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander J. Cope
- Department of Computer Science, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sean R. Anderson
- Insigneo Institute for In-Silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Department of Automatic Control Systems Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos Moustakas
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Kevin N. Gurney
- Adaptive Behaviour Research Group, Department of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- Insigneo Institute for In-Silico Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Yano H, Cai NS, Xu M, Verma RK, Rea W, Hoffman AF, Shi L, Javitch JA, Bonci A, Ferré S. Gs- versus Golf-dependent functional selectivity mediated by the dopamine D 1 receptor. Nat Commun 2018; 9:486. [PMID: 29402888 PMCID: PMC5799184 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02606-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The two highly homologous subtypes of stimulatory G proteins Gαs (Gs) and Gαolf (Golf) display contrasting expression patterns in the brain. Golf is predominant in the striatum, while Gs is predominant in the cortex. Yet, little is known about their functional distinctions. The dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) couples to Gs/olf and is highly expressed in cortical and striatal areas, making it an important therapeutic target for neuropsychiatric disorders. Using novel drug screening methods that allow analysis of specific G-protein subtype coupling, we found that, relative to dopamine, dihydrexidine and N-propyl-apomorphine behave as full D1R agonists when coupled to Gs, but as partial D1R agonists when coupled to Golf. The Gs/Golf-dependent biased agonism by dihydrexidine was consistently observed at the levels of cellular signaling, neuronal function, and behavior. Our findings of Gs/Golf-dependent functional selectivity in D1R ligands open a new avenue for the treatment of cortex-specific or striatum-specific neuropsychiatric dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Yano
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Ning-Sheng Cai
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Min Xu
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ravi Kumar Verma
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - William Rea
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Alexander F Hoffman
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Lei Shi
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jonathan A Javitch
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Antonello Bonci
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Sergi Ferré
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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Jijón-Lorenzo R, Caballero-Florán IH, Recillas-Morales S, Cortés H, Avalos-Fuentes JA, Paz-Bermúdez FJ, Erlij D, Florán B. Presynaptic Dopamine D2 Receptors Modulate [ 3H]GABA Release at StriatoPallidal Terminals via Activation of PLC → IP3 → Calcineurin and Inhibition of AC → cAMP → PKA Signaling Cascades. Neuroscience 2017; 372:74-86. [PMID: 29292080 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Striatal dopamine D2 receptors activate the PLC → IP3 → Calcineurin-signaling pathway to modulate the neural excitability of En+ Medium-sized Spiny GABAergic neurons (MSN) through the regulation of L-type Ca2+ channels. Presynaptic dopaminergic D2 receptors modulate GABA release at striatopallidal terminals through L-type Ca2+ channels as well, but their signaling pathway is still undetermined. Since D2 receptors are Gi/o-coupled and negatively modulate adenylyl cyclase (AC), we investigated whether presynaptic D2 receptors modulate GABA release through the same signaling cascade that controls excitability in the striatum or by the inhibition of AC and decreased PKA activity. Activation of D2 receptors stimulated formation of [3H]IP1 and decreased Forskolin-stimulated [3H]cAMP accumulation in synaptosomes from rat Globus Pallidus. D2 receptor activation with Quinpirole in the presence of L 745,870 decreased, in a dose-dependent manner, K+-induced [3H]GABA release in pallidal slices. The effect was prevented by the pharmacological blockade of Gi/o βγ subunit effects with Gallein, PLC with U 73122, IP3 receptor activation with 4-APB, Calcineurin with FK506. In addition, when release was stimulated with Forskolin to activate AC, D2 receptors also decreased K+-induced [3H]GABA release, an effect occluded with the effect of the blockade of PKA with H89 or stimulation of release with the cAMP analog 8-Br-cAMP. These data indicate that D2 receptors modulate [3H]GABA release at striatopallidal terminals by activating the PLC → IP3 → Calcineurin-signaling cascade, the same one that modulates excitability in soma. Additionally, D2 receptors inhibit release when AC is active. Both mechanisms appear to converge to regulate the activity of presynaptic L-type Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Jijón-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - Isaac Hiram Caballero-Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | | | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José Arturo Avalos-Fuentes
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Paz-Bermúdez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico
| | - David Erlij
- Department of Physiology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA
| | - Benjamín Florán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico.
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Donthamsetti PC, Winter N, Schönberger M, Levitz J, Stanley C, Javitch JA, Isacoff EY, Trauner D. Optical Control of Dopamine Receptors Using a Photoswitchable Tethered Inverse Agonist. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18522-18535. [PMID: 29166564 PMCID: PMC5942546 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b07659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Family A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) control diverse biological processes and are of great clinical relevance. Their archetype rhodopsin becomes naturally light sensitive by binding covalently to the photoswitchable tethered ligand (PTL) retinal. Other GPCRs, however, neither bind covalently to ligands nor are light sensitive. We sought to impart the logic of rhodopsin to light-insensitive Family A GPCRs in order to enable their remote control in a receptor-specific, cell-type-specific, and spatiotemporally precise manner. Dopamine receptors (DARs) are of particular interest for their roles in motor coordination, appetitive, and aversive behavior, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, mood disorders, and addiction. Using an azobenzene derivative of the well-known DAR ligand 2-(N-phenethyl-N-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralin (PPHT), we were able to rapidly, reversibly, and selectively block dopamine D1 and D2 receptors (D1R and D2R) when the PTL was conjugated to an engineered cysteine near the dopamine binding site. Depending on the site of tethering, the ligand behaved as either a photoswitchable tethered neutral antagonist or inverse agonist. Our results indicate that DARs can be chemically engineered for selective remote control by light and provide a template for precision control of Family A GPCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant C. Donthamsetti
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nils Winter
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraβe 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Matthias Schönberger
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraβe 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Cherise Stanley
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jonathan A. Javitch
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, United States
| | - Ehud Y. Isacoff
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Bioscience Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Dirk Trauner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Integrated Protein Science, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraβe 5-13, Munich 81377, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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40
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Santacruz SR, Rich EL, Wallis JD, Carmena JM. Caudate Microstimulation Increases Value of Specific Choices. Curr Biol 2017; 27:3375-3383.e3. [PMID: 29107551 PMCID: PMC5773342 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Value-based decision-making involves an assessment of the value of items available and the actions required to obtain them. The basal ganglia are highly implicated in action selection and goal-directed behavior [1-4], and the striatum in particular plays a critical role in arbitrating between competing choices [5-9]. Previous work has demonstrated that neural activity in the caudate nucleus is modulated by task-relevant action values [6, 8]. Nonetheless, how value is represented and maintained in the striatum remains unclear since decision-making in these tasks relied on spatially lateralized responses, confounding the ability to generalize to a more abstract choice task [6, 8, 9]. Here, we investigate striatal value representations by applying caudate electrical stimulation in macaque monkeys (n = 3) to bias decision-making in a task that divorces the value of a stimulus from motor action. Electrical microstimulation is known to induce neural plasticity [10, 11], and caudate microstimulation in primates has been shown to accelerate associative learning [12, 13]. Our results indicate that stimulation paired with a particular stimulus increases selection of that stimulus, and this effect was stimulus dependent and action independent. The modulation of choice behavior using microstimulation was best modeled as resulting from changes in stimulus value. Caudate neural recordings (n = 1) show that changes in value-coding neuron activity are stimulus value dependent. We argue that caudate microstimulation can differentially increase stimulus values independent of action, and unilateral manipulations of value are sufficient to mediate choice behavior. These results support potential future applications of microstimulation to correct maladaptive plasticity underlying dysfunctional decision-making related to neuropsychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha R Santacruz
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Erin L Rich
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Joni D Wallis
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Jose M Carmena
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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41
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Pérez-Fernández J, Kardamakis AA, Suzuki DG, Robertson B, Grillner S. Direct Dopaminergic Projections from the SNc Modulate Visuomotor Transformation in the Lamprey Tectum. Neuron 2017; 96:910-924.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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42
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Yuan K, Sheng H, Song J, Yang L, Cui D, Ma Q, Zhang W, Lai B, Chen M, Zheng P. Morphine treatment enhances glutamatergic input onto neurons of the nucleus accumbens via both disinhibitory and stimulating effect. Addict Biol 2017; 22:1756-1767. [PMID: 27549902 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Drug addiction is a chronic brain disorder characterized by the compulsive repeated use of drugs. The reinforcing effect of repeated use of drugs on reward plays an important role in morphine-induced addictive behaviors. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is an important site where morphine treatment produces its reinforcing effect on reward. However, how morphine treatment produces its reinforcing effect on reward in the NAc remains to be clarified. In the present study, we studied the influence of morphine treatment on the effects of DA and observed whether morphine treatment could directly change glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the NAc. We also explored the functional significance of morphine-induced potentiation of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the NAc at behavioral level. Our results show that (1) morphine treatment removes the inhibitory effect of DA on glutamatergic input onto NAc neurons; (2) morphine treatment potentiates glutamatergic input onto NAc neurons, especially the one from the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to the NAc; (3) blockade of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the NAc or ablation of projection neurons from BLA to NAc significantly decreases morphine treatment-induced increase in locomotor activity. These results suggest that morphine treatment enhances glutamatergic input onto neurons of the NAc via both disinhibitory and stimulating effect and therefore increases locomotor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kejing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Huan Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Jiaojiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Dongyang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Qianqian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Bin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
| | - Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science; Fudan University; China
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43
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Rangel-Barajas C, Rebec GV. Dysregulation of Corticostriatal Connectivity in Huntington's Disease: A Role for Dopamine Modulation. J Huntingtons Dis 2017; 5:303-331. [PMID: 27983564 PMCID: PMC5181679 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-160221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant communication between striatum, the main information processing unit of the basal ganglia, and cerebral cortex plays a critical role in the emergence of Huntington’s disease (HD), a fatal monogenetic condition that typically strikes in the prime of life. Although both striatum and cortex undergo substantial cell loss over the course of HD, corticostriatal circuits become dysfunctional long before neurons die. Understanding the dysfunction is key to developing effective strategies for treating a progressively worsening triad of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric symptoms. Cortical output neurons drive striatal activity through the release of glutamate, an excitatory amino acid. Striatal outputs, in turn, release γ-amino butyric acid (GABA) and exert inhibitory control over downstream basal ganglia targets. Ample evidence from transgenic rodent models points to dysregulation of corticostriatal glutamate transmission along with corresponding changes in striatal GABA release as underlying factors in the HD behavioral phenotype. Another contributor is dysregulation of dopamine (DA), a modulator of both glutamate and GABA transmission. In fact, pharmacological manipulation of DA is the only currently available treatment for HD symptoms. Here, we review data from animal models and human patients to evaluate the role of DA in HD, including DA interactions with glutamate and GABA within the context of dysfunctional corticostriatal circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George V. Rebec
- Correspondence to: George V. Rebec, PhD, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Program in
Neuroscience, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th Street, Bloomington, IN 47405-7007, USA. Tel.: +1 812 855 4832;
Fax: +1 812 855 4520; E-mail:
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44
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Özkan M, Johnson NW, Sehirli US, Woodhall GL, Stanford IM. Dopamine acting at D1-like, D2-like and α1-adrenergic receptors differentially modulates theta and gamma oscillatory activity in primary motor cortex. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0181633. [PMID: 28732063 PMCID: PMC5521821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The loss of dopamine (DA) in Parkinson’s is accompanied by the emergence of exaggerated theta and beta frequency neuronal oscillatory activity in the primary motor cortex (M1) and basal ganglia. DA replacement therapy or deep brain stimulation reduces the power of these oscillations and this is coincident with an improvement in motor performance implying a causal relationship. Here we provide in vitro evidence for the differential modulation of theta and gamma activity in M1 by DA acting at receptors exhibiting conventional and non-conventional DA pharmacology. Recording local field potentials in deep layer V of rat M1, co-application of carbachol (CCh, 5 μM) and kainic acid (KA, 150 nM) elicited simultaneous oscillations at a frequency of 6.49 ± 0.18 Hz (theta, n = 84) and 34.97 ± 0.39 Hz (gamma, n = 84). Bath application of DA resulted in a decrease in gamma power with no change in theta power. However, application of either the D1-like receptor agonist SKF38393 or the D2-like agonist quinpirole increased the power of both theta and gamma suggesting that the DA-mediated inhibition of oscillatory power is by action at other sites other than classical DA receptors. Application of amphetamine, which promotes endogenous amine neurotransmitter release, or the adrenergic α1-selective agonist phenylephrine mimicked the action of DA and reduced gamma power, a result unaffected by prior co-application of D1 and D2 receptor antagonists SCH23390 and sulpiride. Finally, application of the α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist prazosin blocked the action of DA on gamma power suggestive of interaction between α1 and DA receptors. These results show that DA mediates complex actions acting at dopamine D1-like and D2-like receptors, α1 adrenergic receptors and possibly DA/α1 heteromultimeric receptors to differentially modulate theta and gamma activity in M1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Özkan
- Aston Brain Centre, Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nicholas W. Johnson
- Aston Brain Centre, Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Umit S. Sehirli
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gavin L. Woodhall
- Aston Brain Centre, Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Stanford
- Aston Brain Centre, Aston University, School of Life and Health Sciences, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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45
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Swart JC, Froböse MI, Cook JL, Geurts DEM, Frank MJ, Cools R, den Ouden HEM. Catecholaminergic challenge uncovers distinct Pavlovian and instrumental mechanisms of motivated (in)action. eLife 2017; 6:e22169. [PMID: 28504638 PMCID: PMC5432212 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Catecholamines modulate the impact of motivational cues on action. Such motivational biases have been proposed to reflect cue-based, 'Pavlovian' effects. Here, we assess whether motivational biases may also arise from asymmetrical instrumental learning of active and passive responses following reward and punishment outcomes. We present a novel paradigm, allowing us to disentangle the impact of reward and punishment on instrumental learning from Pavlovian response biasing. Computational analyses showed that motivational biases reflect both Pavlovian and instrumental effects: reward and punishment cues promoted generalized (in)action in a Pavlovian manner, whereas outcomes enhanced instrumental (un)learning of chosen actions. These cue- and outcome-based biases were altered independently by the catecholamine enhancer melthylphenidate. Methylphenidate's effect varied across individuals with a putative proxy of baseline dopamine synthesis capacity, working memory span. Our study uncovers two distinct mechanisms by which motivation impacts behaviour, and helps refine current models of catecholaminergic modulation of motivated action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Swart
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monja I Froböse
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer L Cook
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk EM Geurts
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michael J Frank
- Department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences, Brown University, Providence, United States
- Brown Institute for Brain Sciences, Brown University, Providence, United States
| | - Roshan Cools
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke EM den Ouden
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Jongkees BJ, Sellaro R, Beste C, Nitsche MA, Kühn S, Colzato LS. l -Tyrosine administration modulates the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on working memory in healthy humans. Cortex 2017; 90:103-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Lv X, Dickerson JW, Rook JM, Lindsley CW, Conn PJ, Xiang Z. M 1 muscarinic activation induces long-lasting increase in intrinsic excitability of striatal projection neurons. Neuropharmacology 2017; 118:209-222. [PMID: 28336323 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The dorsolateral striatum is critically involved in movement control and motor learning. Striatal function is regulated by a variety of neuromodulators including acetylcholine. Previous studies have shown that cholinergic activation excites striatal principal projection neurons, medium spiny neurons (MSNs), and this action is mediated by muscarinic acetylcholine subtype 1 receptors (M1) through modulating multiple potassium channels. In the present study, we used electrophysiology techniques in conjunction with optogenetic and pharmacological tools to determine the long-term effects of striatal cholinergic activation on MSN intrinsic excitability. A transient increase in acetylcholine release in the striatum by optogenetic stimulation resulted in a long-lasting increase in excitability of MSNs, which was associated with hyperpolarizing shift of action potential threshold and decrease in afterhyperpolarization (AHP) amplitude, leading to an increase in probability of EPSP-action potential coupling. The M1 selective antagonist VU0255035 prevented, while the M1 selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) VU0453595 potentiated the cholinergic activation-induced persistent increase in MSN intrinsic excitability, suggesting that M1 receptors are critically involved in the induction of this long-lasting response. This M1 receptor-dependent long-lasting change in MSN intrinsic excitability could have significant impact on striatal processing and might provide a novel mechanism underlying cholinergic regulation of the striatum-dependent motor learning and cognitive function. Consistent with this, behavioral studies indicate that potentiation of M1 receptor signaling by VU0453595 enhanced performance of mice in cue-dependent water-based T-maze, a dorsolateral striatum-dependent learning task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jonathan W Dickerson
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jerri M Rook
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zixiu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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48
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Geerts H, Spiros A, Roberts P. Phosphodiesterase 10 inhibitors in clinical development for CNS disorders. Expert Rev Neurother 2016; 17:553-560. [DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2017.1268531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Geerts
- In Silico Biosciences Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Berwyn, PA, USA
| | - Athan Spiros
- In Silico Biosciences Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Berwyn, PA, USA
| | - Patrick Roberts
- In Silico Biosciences Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Berwyn, PA, USA
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Wormuth C, Lundt A, Henseler C, Müller R, Broich K, Papazoglou A, Weiergräber M. Review: Ca v2.3 R-type Voltage-Gated Ca 2+ Channels - Functional Implications in Convulsive and Non-convulsive Seizure Activity. Open Neurol J 2016; 10:99-126. [PMID: 27843503 PMCID: PMC5080872 DOI: 10.2174/1874205x01610010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Researchers have gained substantial insight into mechanisms of synaptic transmission, hyperexcitability, excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration within the last decades. Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels are of central relevance in these processes. In particular, they are key elements in the etiopathogenesis of numerous seizure types and epilepsies. Earlier studies predominantly targeted on Cav2.1 P/Q-type and Cav3.2 T-type Ca2+ channels relevant for absence epileptogenesis. Recent findings bring other channels entities more into focus such as the Cav2.3 R-type Ca2+ channel which exhibits an intriguing role in ictogenesis and seizure propagation. Cav2.3 R-type voltage gated Ca2+ channels (VGCC) emerged to be important factors in the pathogenesis of absence epilepsy, human juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), and cellular epileptiform activity, e.g. in CA1 neurons. They also serve as potential target for various antiepileptic drugs, such as lamotrigine and topiramate. Objective: This review provides a summary of structure, function and pharmacology of VGCCs and their fundamental role in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. We elaborate the unique modulatory properties of Cav2.3 R-type Ca2+ channels and point to recent findings in the proictogenic and proneuroapoptotic role of Cav2.3 R-type VGCCs in generalized convulsive tonic–clonic and complex-partial hippocampal seizures and its role in non-convulsive absence like seizure activity. Conclusion: Development of novel Cav2.3 specific modulators can be effective in the pharmacological treatment of epilepsies and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Wormuth
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andreas Lundt
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christina Henseler
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl Broich
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna Papazoglou
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - Marco Weiergräber
- Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee 3, 53175 Bonn, Germany
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Spontaneous eye blink rate as predictor of dopamine-related cognitive function-A review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016; 71:58-82. [PMID: 27555290 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
An extensive body of research suggests the spontaneous eye blink rate (EBR) is a non-invasive indirect marker of central dopamine (DA) function, with higher EBR predicting higher DA function. In the present review we provide a comprehensive overview of this literature. We broadly divide the available research in studies that aim to disentangle the dopaminergic underpinnings of EBR, investigate its utility in diagnosis of DA-related disorders and responsivity to drug treatment, and, lastly, investigate EBR as predictor of individual differences in DA-related cognitive performance. We conclude (i) EBR can reflect both DA receptor subtype D1 and D2 activity, although baseline EBR might be most strongly related to the latter, (ii) EBR can predict hypo- and hyperdopaminergic activity as well as normalization of this activity following treatment, and (iii) EBR can reliably predict individual differences in performance on many cognitive tasks, in particular those related to reward-driven behavior and cognitive flexibility. In sum, this review establishes EBR as a useful predictor of DA in a wide variety of contexts.
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