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Kiani FA, Li H, Guo P, Zhang Q, Abouelfetouh MM, Ding M, Ding Y. The cumulative analgesic effect of repeated electroacupuncture is modulated by Adora3 in the SCDH of mice with neuropathic pain. Animal Model Exp Med 2024. [PMID: 38992885 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing remedial approaches for relieving neuropathic pain (NPP) are challenging and open the way for alternative therapeutic measures such as electroacupuncture (EA). The mechanism underlying the antinociceptive effects of repeated EA sessions, particularly concerning the regulation of the Adora3 receptor and its associated enzymes, has remained elusive. METHODS This study used a mouse model of spared nerve injury (SNI) to explore the cumulative analgesic effects of repeated EA at ST36 (Zusanli) and its impact on Adora3 regulation in the spinal cord dorsal horn (SCDH). Forty-eight male mice underwent SNI surgery for induction of neuropathic pain and were randomly assigned to the SNI, SNI + 2EA, SNI + 4EA, and SNI + 7EA groups. Spinal cord (L4-L6) was sampled for immunofluorescence, adenosine (ADO) detection and for molecular investigations following repeated EA treatment. RESULTS Following spared nerve injury (SNI), there was a significant decrease in mechanical withdrawal thresholds (PWTs) and thermal nociceptive withdrawal latency (TWL) in the ipsilateral hind paw on the third day post-surgery, while the contralateral hind paw PWTs showed no significant changes. On subsequent EA treatments, the SNI + EA groups led to a significant increase in pain thresholds (p < 0.05). Repeated EA sessions in SNI mice upregulated Adenosine A3 (Adora3) and cluster of differentiation-73 (CD73) expression while downregulating adenosine deaminase (ADA) and enhancing neuronal instigation in the SCDH. Colocalization analysis of Neun-treated cells revealed increased Adora3 expression, particularly in the SNI + 7EA group. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, cumulative electroacupuncture treatment reduced neuropathic pain by regulating Adora3 and CD73 expression, inhibiting ADA and most likely increasing neuronal activation in the SCDH. This study offers a promising therapeutic option for managing neuropathic pain, paving the way for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Ayub Kiani
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariyah University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hao Li
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Panpan Guo
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiulin Zhang
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mahmoud M Abouelfetouh
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Egypt
| | - Mingxing Ding
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Chen X, Gan Y, Au NPB, Ma CHE. Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1345811. [PMID: 38660386 PMCID: PMC11039947 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1345811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most common off-target adverse effects caused by various chemotherapeutic agents, such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, paclitaxel, vincristine and bortezomib. CIPN is characterized by a substantial loss of primary afferent sensory axonal fibers leading to sensory disturbances in patients. An estimated of 19-85% of patients developed CIPN during the course of chemotherapy. The lack of preventive measures and limited treatment options often require a dose reduction or even early termination of life-saving chemotherapy, impacting treatment efficacy and patient survival. In this Review, we summarized the current understanding on the pathogenesis of CIPN. One prominent change induced by chemotherapeutic agents involves the disruption of neuronal cytoskeletal architecture and axonal transport dynamics largely influenced by the interference of microtubule stability in peripheral neurons. Due to an ineffective blood-nerve barrier in our peripheral nervous system, exposure to some chemotherapeutic agents causes mitochondrial swelling in peripheral nerves, which lead to the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cytochrome c release resulting in degeneration of primary afferent sensory fibers. The exacerbated nociceptive signaling and pain transmission in CIPN patients is often linked the increased neuronal excitability largely due to the elevated expression of various ion channels in the dorsal root ganglion neurons. Another important contributing factor of CIPN is the neuroinflammation caused by an increased infiltration of immune cells and production of inflammatory cytokines. In the central nervous system, chemotherapeutic agents also induce neuronal hyperexcitability in the spinal dorsal horn and anterior cingulate cortex leading to the development of central sensitization that causes CIPN. Emerging evidence suggests that the change in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota (dysbiosis) could have direct impact on the development and progression of CIPN. Collectively, all these aspects contribute to the pathogenesis of CIPN. Recent advances in RNA-sequencing offer solid platform for in silico drug screening which enable the identification of novel therapeutic agents or repurpose existing drugs to alleviate CIPN, holding immense promises for enhancing the quality of life for cancer patients who undergo chemotherapy and improve their overall treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- Department of Neuroscience, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yumeng Gan
- Department of Neuroscience, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ngan Pan Bennett Au
- Department of Neuroscience, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
- Institute of Life Sciences and Healthcare, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom
| | - Chi Him Eddie Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Cherchi F, Venturini M, Magni G, Scortichini M, Jacobson KA, Pugliese AM, Coppi E. Covalently Binding Adenosine A 3 Receptor Agonist ICBM Irreversibly Reduces Voltage-Gated Ca 2+ Currents in Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:35-45. [PMID: 36918461 PMCID: PMC10828244 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest has been focused in recent years on the analgesic effects exerted by adenosine and its receptors, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes, in different in vivo models of chronic pain. In particular, it was demonstrated that selective A3AR agonists reduced pro-nociceptive N-type Ca2+ channels in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons isolated from rats and, by this mechanism, inhibit post inflammatory visceral hypersensitivity. In the present study, we investigate the effect of a previously reported irreversibly binding A3AR agonist, ICBM, on Ca2+ currents (ICa) in rat DRG neurons. Present data demonstrate that ICBM, an isothiocyanate derivative designed for covalent binding to the receptor, concentration-dependently inhibits ICa. This effect is irreversible, since it persists after drug removal, differently from the prototypical A3AR agonist, Cl-IB-MECA. ICBM pre-exposure inhibits the effect of a subsequent Cl-IB-MECA application. Thus, covalent A3AR agonists such as ICBM may represent an innovative, beneficial, and longer-lasting strategy to achieve efficacious chronic pain control versus commonly used, reversible, A3AR agonists. However, the possible limitations of this drug and other covalent drugs may be, for example, a characteristic adverse effect profile, suggesting that more pre-clinical studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cherchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50139, PsychologyFlorence, Italy.
| | - Martina Venturini
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50139, PsychologyFlorence, Italy
| | - Giada Magni
- Istituto Di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara," Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Mirko Scortichini
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anna Maria Pugliese
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50139, PsychologyFlorence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Coppi
- Department of Neuroscience, Drug Research and Child Health, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 6, 50139, PsychologyFlorence, Italy
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4
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Arendt-Nielsen L, Klitgaard H, Hansen SN. Bridging the translational gap: adenosine as a modulator of neuropathic pain in preclinical models and humans. Scand J Pain 2024; 24:sjpain-2023-0048. [PMID: 38070164 DOI: 10.1515/sjpain-2023-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aims to analyse the published data on preclinical and human experimental and clinical adenosine modulation for pain management. We summarise the translatability of the adenosine pathway for further drug development and aim to reveal subgroups of pain patients that could benefit from targeting the pathway. CONTENT Chronic pain patients suffer from inadequate treatment options and drug development is generally impaired by the low translatability of preclinical pain models. Therefore, validating the predictability of drug targets is of high importance. Modulation of the endogenous neurotransmitter adenosine gained significant traction in the early 2000s but the drug development efforts were later abandoned. With the emergence of new drug modalities, there is a renewed interest in adenosine modulation in pain management. In both preclinical, human experimental and clinical research, enhancing adenosine signalling through the adenosine receptors, has shown therapeutic promise. A special focus has been on the A1 and A3 receptors both of which have shown great promise and predictive validity in neuropathic pain conditions. SUMMARY Adenosine modulation shows predictive validity across preclinical, human experimental and clinical investigations. The most compelling evidence is in the field of neuropathic pain, where adenosine has been found to alleviate hyperexcitability and has the potential to be disease-modifying. OUTLOOK Adenosine modulation show therapeutic potential in neuropathic pain if selective and safe drugs can be developed. New drug modalities such as RNA therapeutics and cell therapies may provide new options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Arendt-Nielsen
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain, CNAP, School of Medicine, Aalborg University, Gistrup, Denmark
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Mech-Sense, Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
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Pradier B, Segelcke D, Reichl S, Zahn PK, Pogatzki-Zahn EM. Spinal GABA transporter 1 contributes to evoked-pain related behavior but not resting pain after incision injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1282151. [PMID: 38130683 PMCID: PMC10734427 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1282151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory function of GABA at the spinal level and its central modulation in the brain are essential for pain perception. However, in post-surgical pain, the exact mechanism and modes of action of GABAergic transmission have been poorly studied. This work aimed to investigate GABA synthesis and uptake in the incisional pain model in a time-dependent manner. Here, we combined assays for mechanical and heat stimuli-induced withdrawal reflexes with video-based assessments and assays for non-evoked (NEP, guarding of affected hind paw) and movement-evoked (MEP, gait pattern) pain-related behaviors in a plantar incision model in male rats to phenotype the effects of the inhibition of the GABA transporter (GAT-1), using a specific antagonist (NO711). Further, we determined the expression profile of spinal dorsal horn GAT-1 and glutamate decarboxylase 65/67 (GAD65/67) by protein expression analyses at four time points post-incision. Four hours after incision, we detected an evoked pain phenotype (mechanical, heat and movement), which transiently ameliorated dose-dependently following spinal inhibition of GAT-1. However, the NEP-phenotype was not affected. Four hours after incision, GAT-1 expression was significantly increased, whereas GAD67 expression was significantly reduced. Our data suggest that GAT-1 plays a role in balancing spinal GABAergic signaling in the spinal dorsal horn shortly after incision, resulting in the evoked pain phenotype. Increased GAT-1 expression leads to increased GABA uptake from the synaptic cleft and reduces tonic GABAergic inhibition at the post-synapse. Inhibition of GAT-1 transiently reversed this imbalance and ameliorated the evoked pain phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pradier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Daniel Segelcke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Sylvia Reichl
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - P. K. Zahn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - E. M. Pogatzki-Zahn
- Department of Anesthesiology, Operative Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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Biringer RG. Migraine signaling pathways: purine metabolites that regulate migraine and predispose migraineurs to headache. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2813-2848. [PMID: 36947357 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a debilitating disorder that afflicts over 1 billion people worldwide, involving attacks that result in a throbbing and pulsating headache. Migraine is thought to be a neurovascular event associated with vasoconstriction, vasodilation, and neuronal activation. Understanding signaling in migraine pathology is central to the development of therapeutics for migraine prophylaxis and for mitigation of migraine in the prodrome phase before pain sets in. The fact that both vasoactivity and neural sensitization are involved in migraine indicates that agonists which promote these phenomena may very well be involved in migraine pathology. One such group of agonists is the purines, in particular, adenosine phosphates and their metabolites. This manuscript explores what is known about the relationship between these metabolites and migraine pathology and explores the potential for such relationships through their known signaling pathways. Reported receptor involvement in vasoaction and nociception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger Gregory Biringer
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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7
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Haddad M, Cherchi F, Alsalem M, Al-saraireh YM, Madae’en S. Adenosine Receptors as Potential Therapeutic Analgesic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13160. [PMID: 37685963 PMCID: PMC10487796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain represents an international burden and a major socio-economic public health problem. New findings, detailed in this review, suggest that adenosine plays a significant role in neuropathic and inflammatory pain, by acting on its metabotropic adenosine receptors (A1AR, A2AAR, A2BAR, A3AR). Adenosine receptor ligands have a practical translational potential based on the favorable efficacy and safety profiles that emerged from clinical research on various agonists and antagonists for different pathologies. The present review collects the latest studies on selected adenosine receptor ligands in different pain models. Here, we also covered the many hypothesized pathways and the role of newly synthesized allosteric adenosine receptor modulators. This review aims to present a summary of recent research on adenosine receptors as prospective therapeutic targets for a range of pain-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Haddad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan
| | - Federica Cherchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Mohammad Alsalem
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Yousef M. Al-saraireh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, P.O. Box 7, Al-Karak 61710, Jordan;
| | - Saba Madae’en
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
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Hamilton LJ, Pattabiraman M, Zhong HA, Walker M, Vaughn H, Chandra S. Curcumin Stereoisomer, Cis-Trans Curcumin, as a Novel Ligand to A 1 and A 3 Adenosine Receptors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:917. [PMID: 37513829 PMCID: PMC10385834 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are being explored to generate non-opioid pain therapeutics. Vanilloid compounds, curcumin, capsaicin, and vanillin possess antinociceptive properties through their interactions with the transient receptor potential channel family. However, their binding with adenosine receptors has not been well studied. The hypothesis in this study was that a vanilloid compound, cis-trans curcumin (CTCUR), binds to each of the two Gi-linked AR subtypes (A1AR and A3AR). CTCUR was synthesized from curcumin (CUR) using the cavitand-mediated photoisomerization technique. The cell lines transfected with the specific receptor (A1AR or A3AR) were treated with CTCUR or CUR and the binding was analyzed using competitive assays, confocal microscopy, and docking. The binding assays and molecular docking indicated that CTCUR had Ki values of 306 nM (A1AR) and 400 nM (A3AR). These values suggest that CTCUR is selective for Gi-linked ARs (A1AR or A3AR) over Gs-linked ARs (A2AAR or A2BAR), based on our previous published research. In addition, the docking showed that CTCUR binds to the toggle switch domain of ARs. Curcumin (CUR) did not exhibit binding at any of these receptors. In summary, CTCUR and other modifications of CUR can be developed as novel therapeutic ligands for the Gi-linked ARs (A1AR and A3AR) involved with pain and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke J Hamilton
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Mahesh Pattabiraman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Haizhen A Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Michaela Walker
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Hilary Vaughn
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
| | - Surabhi Chandra
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849, USA
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Sebastião AM, Ribeiro JA. Adjusting the brakes to adjust neuronal activity: Adenosinergic modulation of GABAergic transmission. Neuropharmacology 2023; 236:109600. [PMID: 37225084 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
About 50 years elapsed from the publication of the first full paper on the neuromodulatory action of adenosine at a 'simple' synapse model, the neuromuscular junction (Ginsborg and Hirst, 1972). In that study adenosine was used as a tool to increase cyclic AMP and for the great surprise, it decreased rather than increased neurotransmitter release, and for a further surprise, its action was prevented by theophylline, at the time only known as inhibitor of phosphodiesterases. These intriguing observations opened the curiosity for immediate studies relating the action of adenine nucleotides, known to be released together with neurotransmitters, to that of adenosine (Ribeiro and Walker, 1973, 1975). Our understanding on the ways adenosine uses to modulate synapses, circuits, and brain activity, vastly expanded since then. However, except for A2A receptors, whose actions upon GABAergic neurons of the striatum are well known, most of the attention given to the neuromodulatory action of adenosine has been focusing upon excitatory synapses. Evidence is growing that GABAergic transmission is also a target for adenosinergic neuromodulation through A1 and A2A receptors. Some o these actions have specific time windows during brain development, and others are selective for specific GABAergic neurons. Both tonic and phasic GABAergic transmission can be affected, and either neurons or astrocytes can be targeted. In some cases, those effects result from a concerted action with other neuromodulators. Implications of these actions in the control of neuronal function/dysfunction will be the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Sebastião
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Joaquim Alexandre Ribeiro
- Instituto de Farmacologia e Neurociências, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Zhou M, Wu J, Chang H, Fang Y, Zhang D, Guo Y. Adenosine signaling mediate pain transmission in the central nervous system. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:245-254. [PMID: 35000074 PMCID: PMC9984632 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09826-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common clinical symptom that seriously affects the quality of life in a variety of patient populations. In recent years, research on the role of adenosine signaling in pain modulation has made great progress. Adenosine is a purine nucleoside and a neuromodulator, and regulates multiple physiological and pathophysiological functions through the activation of four G protein-coupled receptors, which are classified as A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 adenosine receptors (ARs). Adenosine and its receptors that are widespread in the central nervous system (CNS) play an important role in the processing of nociceptive sensory signals in different pain models. A1Rs have the highest affinity to adenosine, and the role in analgesia has been well investigated. The roles of A2ARs and A2BRs in the modulation of pain are controversial because they have both analgesic and pronociceptive effects. The analgesic effects of A3Rs are primarily manifested in neuropathic pain. In this article, we have reviewed the recent studies on ARs in the modulation of neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, postoperative pain, and visceral pain in the CNS. Furthermore, we have outlined the pathways through which ARs contribute to pain regulation, thereby shedding light on how this mechanism can be targeted to provide effective pain relief.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhou
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinrong Wu
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongen Chang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Guo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China. .,College of Chinese Medical, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Sgambellone S, Marri S, Catarinicchia S, Pini A, Tosh DK, Jacobson KA, Masini E, Salvemini D, Lucarini L. Adenosine A 3 Receptor (A 3AR) Agonist for the Treatment of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Fibrosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13300. [PMID: 36362112 PMCID: PMC9657240 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (ARs) are involved in the suppression and development of inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. Specifically, AR activation promotes differentiation of lung fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, typical of a fibrotic event. Pulmonary fibrosis is a severe disease characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of unknown etiology and lacking an effective treatment. The present investigation explored the action of MRS5980, a new, highly potent and selective A3AR agonist, in an established murine model of lung fibrosis. The effects of either vehicle or MRS5980 were studied in mice following intratracheal bleomycin administration. We evaluated the role of the A3AR agonist on lung stiffness, studying the airway resistance to inflation, oxidative stress (8-OHdG and MDA), inflammation, pro- and anti-inflammatory marker levels (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-17A) and fibrosis establishment, evaluating transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) deposition in lungs. Bleomycin administration increased lung stiffness, TGF-β levels, α-SMA deposition, and inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. The treatment with MRS5980 attenuated all the analyzed functional, biochemical and histopathological markers in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings support the therapeutic potential of A3AR agonists in lung fibrosis by demonstrating reduced disease progression, as indicated by decreased inflammation, TGF-β expression and fibrotic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Sgambellone
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Marri
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Catarinicchia
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Histology, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Pini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Histology, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Dilip K. Tosh
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Emanuela Masini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University, School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Laura Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), Section of Pharmacology, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139 Florence, Italy
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12
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Jia S, Liu J, Chu Y, Liu Q, Mai L, Fan W. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals distinct transcriptional features of the purinergic signaling in mouse trigeminal ganglion. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1038539. [PMID: 36311028 PMCID: PMC9606672 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1038539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Trigeminal ganglion (TG) is the first station of sensory pathways in the orofacial region. The TG neurons communicate with satellite glial cells (SGCs), macrophages and other cells forming a functional unit that is responsible for processing of orofacial sensory information. Purinergic signaling, one of the most widespread autocrine and paracrine pathways, plays a crucial role in intercellular communication. The multidirectional action of purinergic signaling in different cell types contributes to the neuromodulation and orofacial sensation. To fully understand the purinergic signaling in these processes, it is essential to determine the shared and unique expression patterns of genes associated with purinergic signaling in different cell types. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of 22,969 cells isolated from normal mouse TGs. We identified 18 distinct cell populations, including 6 neuron subpopulations, 3 glial subpopulations, 7 immune cell subpopulations, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. We also revealed the transcriptional features of genes associated with purinergic signaling, including purinergic receptors, extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) release channels, eATP metabolism-associated enzymes, and eATP transporters in each cell type. Our results have important implications for understanding and predicting the cell type-specific roles of the purinergic signaling in orofacial signal processing in the trigeminal primary sensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilin Jia
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - JinYue Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhao Chu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lijia Mai
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenguo Fan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenguo Fan,
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13
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Bu H, Jiao P, Fan X, Gao Y, Zhang L, Guo H. The role of botulinum toxin type A related axon transport in neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury. Korean J Pain 2022; 35:391-402. [PMID: 36175338 PMCID: PMC9530680 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.4.391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanism of peripheral axon transport in neuropathic pain is still unclear. Chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) and its receptor (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5, CXCR5) as well as GABA transporter 1 (GAT-1) play an important role in the development of pain. The aim of this study was to explore the axonal transport of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 with the aid of the analgesic effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) in rats. Methods Chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models were established. BTX-A was administered to rats through subcutaneous injection in the hind paw. The pain behaviors in CCI rats were measured by paw withdrawal threshold and paw withdrawal latencies. The levels of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 were measured by western blots. Results The subcutaneous injection of BTX-A relieved the mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia induced by CCI surgery and reversed the overexpression of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 in the spinal cord, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), sciatic nerve, and plantar skin in CCI rats. After 10 mmol/L colchicine blocked the axon transport of sciatic nerve, the inhibitory effect of BTX-A disappeared, and the levels of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 in the spinal cord and DRG were reduced in CCI rats. Conclusions BTX-A regulated the levels of CXCL13/CXCR5 and GAT-1 in the spine and DRG through axonal transport. Chemokines (such as CXCL13) may be transported from the injury site to the spine or DRG through axonal transport. Axon molecular transport may be a target to enhance pain management in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilian Bu
- Center of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Jiao
- Center of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaochong Fan
- Center of Pain Management, Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhengzhou University Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiming Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain and Perioperative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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14
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Targeting G protein coupled receptors for alleviating neuropathic pain. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 193:99-117. [PMID: 36357081 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Pain sensation is a normal physiological response to alert and prevent further tissue damage. It involves the perception of external stimuli by somatosensory neurons, then transmission of the message to various other types of neurons present in the spinal cord and brain to generate an appropriate response. Currently available analgesics exhibit very modest efficacy, and that too in only a subset of patients with chronic pain conditions, particularly neuropathic pain. The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are expressed on presynaptic, postsynaptic terminals, and soma of somatosensory neurons, which binds to various types of ligands to modulate neuronal activity and thus pain sensation in both directions. Fundamentally, neuropathic pain arises due to aberrant neuronal plasticity, which includes the sensitization of peripheral primary afferents (dorsal root ganglia and trigeminal ganglia) and the sensitization of central nociceptive neurons in the spinal cord or trigeminal nucleus or brain stem and cortex. Owing to the expression profiles of GPCRs in somatosensory neurons and other neuroanatomical regions involved in pain processing and transmission, this article shall focus only on four families of GPCRs: 1- Opioid receptors, 2-Cannabinoid receptors, 3-Adenosine receptors, and 4-Chemokine receptors.
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15
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Wall MJ, Hill E, Huckstepp R, Barkan K, Deganutti G, Leuenberger M, Preti B, Winfield I, Carvalho S, Suchankova A, Wei H, Safitri D, Huang X, Imlach W, La Mache C, Dean E, Hume C, Hayward S, Oliver J, Zhao FY, Spanswick D, Reynolds CA, Lochner M, Ladds G, Frenguelli BG. Selective activation of Gαob by an adenosine A 1 receptor agonist elicits analgesia without cardiorespiratory depression. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4150. [PMID: 35851064 PMCID: PMC9293909 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31652-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of therapeutic agonists for G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is hampered by the propensity of GPCRs to couple to multiple intracellular signalling pathways. This promiscuous coupling leads to numerous downstream cellular effects, some of which are therapeutically undesirable. This is especially the case for adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs) whose clinical potential is undermined by the sedation and cardiorespiratory depression caused by conventional agonists. We have discovered that the A1R-selective agonist, benzyloxy-cyclopentyladenosine (BnOCPA), is a potent and powerful analgesic but does not cause sedation, bradycardia, hypotension or respiratory depression. This unprecedented discrimination between native A1Rs arises from BnOCPA's unique and exquisitely selective activation of Gob among the six Gαi/o subtypes, and in the absence of β-arrestin recruitment. BnOCPA thus demonstrates a highly-specific Gα-selective activation of the native A1R, sheds new light on GPCR signalling, and reveals new possibilities for the development of novel therapeutics based on the far-reaching concept of selective Gα agonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Wall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Emily Hill
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Robert Huckstepp
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Kerry Barkan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Giuseppe Deganutti
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences (CSELS), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Michele Leuenberger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barbara Preti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ian Winfield
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Sabrina Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Anna Suchankova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | | | - Dewi Safitri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
- Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia
| | - Xianglin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK
| | - Wendy Imlach
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Circe La Mache
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Eve Dean
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Cherise Hume
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Stephanie Hayward
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Jess Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - David Spanswick
- NeuroSolutions Ltd, Coventry, UK
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Innovation Walk, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Christopher A Reynolds
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences (CSELS), Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Martin Lochner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Graham Ladds
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1PD, UK.
| | - Bruno G Frenguelli
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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16
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Jung SM, Peyton L, Essa H, Choi DS. Adenosine receptors: Emerging non-opioids targets for pain medications. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2022; 11:100087. [PMID: 35372716 PMCID: PMC8971635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2022.100087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical and emotional pain deteriorates the quality of well-being. Also, numerous non-invasive and invasive treatments for diagnosed diseases such as cancer medications and surgical procedures cause various types of pain. Despite the multidisciplinary approaches available to manage pain, the unmet needs for medication with minimal side effects are substantial. Especially with the surge of opioid crisis during the last decades, non-opioid analgesics may reduce life-threatening overdosing and addictive liability. Although many clinical trials supported the potential potency of cannabis and cannabidiol (CBD) in pain management or treatment, the long-term benefits of cannabis or CBD are still not evident. At the same time, growing evidence shows the risk of overusing cannabis and CBD. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel analgesic medications that minimize side effects. All four well-identified adenosine receptors, A1, A2A, A2B, and A3, are implicated in pain. Recently, a report demonstrated that an adenosine A1R-specific positive allosteric modulator (PAM) is a potent analgesic without noticeable side effects. Also, several A3R agonists are being considered as promising analgesic agent. However, the importance of adenosine in pain is relatively underestimated. To help readers understand, first, we will summarize the historical perspective of the adenosine system in preclinical and clinical studies. Then, we will discuss possible interactions of adenosine and opioids or the cannabis system focusing on pain. Overall, this review will provide the potential role of adenosine and adenosine receptors in pain treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Min Jung
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Lee Peyton
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Hesham Essa
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States.,Neuroscience Program, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, United States
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17
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Micheli L, Durante M, Lucarini E, Sgambellone S, Lucarini L, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Ghelardini C, Masini E. The Histamine H 4 Receptor Participates in the Anti-Neuropathic Effect of the Adenosine A 3 Receptor Agonist IB-MECA: Role of CD4 + T Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101447. [PMID: 34680083 PMCID: PMC8533073 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonists have emerged as potent relievers of neuropathic pain by a T cell-mediated production of IL-10. The H4 histamine receptor (H4R), also implicated in pain modulation, is expressed on T cells playing a preeminent role in its activation and release of IL-10. To improve the therapeutic opportunities, this study aimed to verify the hypothesis of a possible cross-talk between A3AR and H4R in the resolution of neuropathic pain. In the mouse model of Chronic Constriction Injury (CCI), the acute intraperitoneal co-administration of the A3AR agonist IB-MECA (0.5 mg/kg) and the H4R agonist VUF 8430 (10 mg/kg), were additive in counteracting mechano-allodynia increasing IL-10 plasma levels. In H4R−/− mice, IB-MECA activity was reduced, lower pain relief and lower modulation of plasma IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were shown. The complete anti-allodynia effect of IB-MECA in H4R−/− mice was restored after intravenous administration of CD4+ T cells obtained from naïve wild type mice. In conclusion, a role of the histaminergic system in the mechanism of A3AR-mediated neuropathic pain relief was suggested highlighting the driving force evoked by CD4+ T cells throughout IL-10 up-regulation.
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18
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Guo HM, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Jiao PF, Fan XC, Kong CL, Wang T, Li XX, Zhang HW, Zhang LR, Ma MY, Bu HL. Spinal Ninjurin2 contributes to the neuropathic pain via NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation in the spared sciatic nerve injury rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 99:107918. [PMID: 34320458 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Ninjurin2 (nerve injury induced protein 2, NINJ2) is a molecule which mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions in the nervous system. Clinical study shows NINJ2 is associated with the development of postherpetic neuralgia. However, it is lack of direct evidence that NINJ2 participated in neuropathic pain. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of NINJ2 in the development of neuropathic pain in spared sciatic nerve injury rats and the underlying mechanism. METHOD Spared sciatic nerve injury (SNI) models were established. The level of NINJ2 and p-p65 (a NF-κB family member) were measured in SNI rats by western blots and immunofluorescent staining. Lentivirus encoding small interfering RNA targeting NINJ2 (RNAi) was intrathecally injected into rats. Then the change of pain behavior of rats induced by NINJ2 RNAi was tested by Von-Frey hairs. The change of p-p65 in the spinal cord in rats after NINJ2 RNAi treatment was also measured by western blots. inhibitor of p-p65-induced change of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS NINJ2 and p-p65 were increased in the spinal cord of SNI rats on the 3, 7, 14th days after modeling. NINJ2 were mainly expressed in neurons, and co-located with p-p65 in the spinal dorsal horn. When down regulating the level of NINJ2 by RNAi, the development of pain in SNI rats was partially blocked. Phosphorylation of p65 was also inhibited by NINJ2 RNAi. Blocking the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway could inhibit the increase of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the spinal cord of SNI rats. CONCLUSION NINJ2 protein was increased in the spinal cord of SNI rats. It participated in the development of nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain by activating neuroinflammation in the spinal cord via NF-κB pathway. This study provides a new target to investigate the mechanism of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ming Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pain Management, Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430000 Wuhan, China
| | - Peng-Fei Jiao
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Chong Fan
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cun-Long Kong
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450000 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Rong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 450000 Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min-Yu Ma
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hui-Lian Bu
- Department of Pain Management, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, 450052 Zhengzhou, China.
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Uncovering the Mechanisms of Adenosine Receptor-Mediated Pain Control: Focus on the A 3 Receptor Subtype. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22157952. [PMID: 34360719 PMCID: PMC8347395 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Agonists of the Gi protein-coupled A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) have shown important pain-relieving properties in preclinical settings of several pain models. Active as a monotherapy against chronic pain, A3AR agonists can also be used in combination with classic opioid analgesics. Their safe pharmacological profile, as shown by clinical trials for other pathologies, i.e., rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and fatty liver diseases, confers a realistic translational potential, thus encouraging research studies on the molecular mechanisms underpinning their antinociceptive actions. A number of pathways, involving central and peripheral mechanisms, have been proposed. Recent evidence showed that the prototypical A3AR agonist Cl-IB-MECA and the new, highly selective, A3AR agonist MRS5980 inhibit neuronal (N-type) voltage-dependent Ca2+ currents in dorsal root ganglia, a known pain-related mechanism. Other proposed pathways involve reduced cytokine production, immune cell-mediated responses, as well as reduced microglia and astrocyte activation in the spinal cord. The aim of this review is to summarize up-to-date information on A3AR in the context of pain, including cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this effect. Based on their safety profile shown in clinical trials for other pathologies, A3AR agonists are proposed as novel, promising non-narcotic agents for pain control.
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20
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Abstract
Extracellular nucleosides and nucleotides have widespread functions in responding to physiological stress. The "purinome" encompasses 4 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) for adenosine, 8 GPCRs activated by nucleotides, 7 adenosine 5'-triphosphate-gated P2X ion channels, as well as the associated enzymes and transporters that regulate native agonist levels. Purinergic signaling modulators, such as receptor agonists and antagonists, have potential for treating chronic pain. Adenosine and its analogues potently suppress nociception in preclinical models by activating A1 and/or A3 adenosine receptors (ARs), but safely harnessing this pathway to clinically treat pain has not been achieved. Both A2AAR agonists and antagonists are efficacious in pain models. Highly selective A3AR agonists offer a novel approach to treat chronic pain. We have explored the structure activity relationship of nucleoside derivatives at this subtype using a computational structure-based approach. Novel A3AR agonists for pain control containing a bicyclic ring system (bicyclo [3.1.0] hexane) in place of ribose were designed and screened using an in vivo phenotypic model, which reflected both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. High specificity (>10,000-fold selective for A3AR) was achieved with the aid of receptor homology models based on related GPCR structures. These A3AR agonists are well tolerated in vivo and highly efficacious in models of chronic neuropathic pain. Furthermore, signaling molecules acting at P2X3, P2X4, P2X7, and P2Y12Rs play critical roles in maladaptive pain neuroplasticity, and their antagonists reduce chronic or inflammatory pain, and, therefore, purine receptor modulation is a promising approach for future pain therapeutics. Structurally novel antagonists for these nucleotide receptors were discovered recently.
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21
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The role of peripheral adenosine receptors in glutamate-induced pain nociceptive behavior. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:303-312. [PMID: 33860899 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09781-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of peripheral adenosine receptors in pain is a controversial issue and seems to be quite different from the roles of spinal and central adenosine receptors. The present study is aimed at clarifying the role of these receptors in peripheral nociception. To clarify this, studies were done on Swiss mice with adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists. Nociceptive behavior was induced by subcutaneous injection of glutamate (10 μmol) into the ventral surface of the hind paw of mice. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls post hoc test. Results showed that intraplantar (i.pl.) administration of N6-cyclohexyl-adenosine (CHA), an adenosine A1 receptor agonist, at 1 or 10 μg/paw significantly reduced glutamate-induced nociception (p<0.01 and p<0.001 vs. vehicle, respectively, n=8-10). In contrast, i.pl. injection of hydrochloride hydrate (CGS21680, an adenosine A2A receptor agonist) (1 μg/paw) induced a significant increase in glutamate-induced nociception compared to the vehicle (p<0.05, n=8), while 4-(-2-[7-amino-2-{2-furyl}{1,2,4}triazolo{2,3-a} {1,3,5}triazin-5-yl-amino]ethyl)phenol (ZM241385, an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist) (20 μg/paw) caused a significant reduction (p<0.05, n=7-8). There were no significant effects on i.pl. administration of four additional adenosine receptor drugs-8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPCPX, an A1 antagonist, 1-10 μg/paw), N(6)-[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)-ethyl]adenosine (DPMA, an A2B agonist, 1-100 μg/paw), alloxazine (an A2B antagonist, 0.1-3 μg/paw), and 2-hexyn-1-yl-N(6)-methyladenosine (HEMADO) (an A3 agonist, 1-100 μg/paw) (p>0.05 vs. vehicle for all tests). We also found that prior administration of DPCPX (3 μg/paw) significantly blocked the anti-nociceptive effect of CHA (1 μg/paw) (p<0.05, n=7-9). Similarly, ZM241385 (20 μg/paw) administered prior to CGS21680 (1 μg/paw) significantly blocked CGS21680-induced exacerbation of nociception (p<0.05, n=8). Finally, inosine (10 and 100 μg/paw), a novel endogenous adenosine A1 receptor agonist recently reported by our research group, was also able to reduce glutamate-induced nociception (p<0.001 vs. vehicle, n=7-8). Interestingly, as an A1 adenosine receptor agonist, the inosine effect was significantly blocked by the A1 antagonist DPCPX (3 μg/paw) (p<0.05, n=7-9) but not by the A2A antagonist ZM241385 (10 μg/paw, p>0.05). In summary, these results demonstrate for the first time that i.pl administration of inosine induces an anti-nociceptive effect, similar to that elicited by CHA and possibly mediated by peripheral adenosine A1 receptor activation. Moreover, our results suggest that peripheral adenosine A2A receptor activation presents a pro-nociceptive effect, exacerbating glutamate-induced nociception independent of inosine-induced anti-nociceptive effects.
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22
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Luongo L, Guida F, Maione S, Jacobson KA, Salvemini D. Adenosine Metabotropic Receptors in Chronic Pain Management. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:651038. [PMID: 33935761 PMCID: PMC8085424 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.651038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Livio Luongo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,IRCSS, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesca Guida
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Experimental Medicine, Università della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy.,IRCSS, Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Ferreira N, Gonçalves NP, Jan A, Jensen NM, van der Laan A, Mohseni S, Vægter CB, Jensen PH. Trans-synaptic spreading of alpha-synuclein pathology through sensory afferents leads to sensory nerve degeneration and neuropathic pain. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2021; 9:31. [PMID: 33632316 PMCID: PMC7905893 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-021-01131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD), with current limited knowledge of its pathophysiology. Here, we show that peripheral inoculation of mouse alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) pre-formed fibrils, in a transgenic mouse model of PD, elicited retrograde trans-synaptic spreading of α-Syn pathology (pSer129) across sensory neurons and dorsal nerve roots, reaching central pain processing regions, including the spinal dorsal horn and the projections of the anterolateral system in the central nervous system (CNS). Pathological peripheral to CNS propagation of α-Syn aggregates along interconnected neuronal populations within sensory afferents, was concomitant with impaired nociceptive response, reflected by mechanical allodynia, reduced nerve conduction velocities (sensory and motor) and degeneration of small- and medium-sized myelinated fibers. Our findings show a link between the transneuronal propagation of α-Syn pathology with sensory neuron dysfunction and neuropathic impairment, suggesting promising avenues of investigation into the mechanisms underlying pain in PD.
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Kitayama T. The Role of Astrocytes in the Modulation ofK +-Cl --Cotransporter-2 Function. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9539. [PMID: 33333849 PMCID: PMC7765297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is characterized by spontaneous pain, pain sensations, and tactile allodynia. The pain sensory system normally functions under a fine balance between excitation and inhibition. Neuropathic pain arises when this balance is lost for some reason. In past reports, various mechanisms of neuropathic pain development have been reported, one of which is the downregulation of K+-Cl--cotransporter-2 (KCC2) expression. In fact, various neuropathic pain models indicate a decrease in KCC2 expression. This decrease in KCC2 expression is often due to a brain-derived neurotrophic factor that is released from microglia. However, a similar reaction has been reported in astrocytes, and it is unclear whether astrocytes or microglia are more important. This review discusses the hypothesis that astrocytes have a crucial influence on the alteration of KCC2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kitayama
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Hyogo 663-8179, Japan
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25
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Shaw S, Uniyal A, Gadepalli A, Tiwari V, Belinskaia DA, Shestakova NN, Venugopala KN, Deb PK, Tiwari V. Adenosine receptor signalling: Probing the potential pathways for the ministration of neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173619. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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26
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Targeting Adenosine Receptors: A Potential Pharmacological Avenue for Acute and Chronic Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228710. [PMID: 33218074 PMCID: PMC7698931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a purine nucleoside, responsible for the regulation of multiple physiological and pathological cellular and tissue functions by activation of four G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), namely A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 adenosine receptors (ARs). In recent years, extensive progress has been made to elucidate the role of adenosine in pain regulation. Most of the antinociceptive effects of adenosine are dependent upon A1AR activation located at peripheral, spinal, and supraspinal sites. The role of A2AAR and A2BAR is more controversial since their activation has both pro- and anti-nociceptive effects. A3AR agonists are emerging as promising candidates for neuropathic pain. Although their therapeutic potential has been demonstrated in diverse preclinical studies, no AR ligands have so far reached the market. To date, novel pharmacological approaches such as adenosine regulating agents and allosteric modulators have been proposed to improve efficacy and limit side effects enhancing the effect of endogenous adenosine. This review aims to provide an overview of the therapeutic potential of ligands interacting with ARs and the adenosinergic system for the treatment of acute and chronic pain.
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27
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Trapero C, Martín-Satué M. Purinergic Signaling in Endometriosis-Associated Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8512. [PMID: 33198179 PMCID: PMC7697899 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent gynecological disease, with an associated chronic inflammatory component, characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity. Its predominant symptom is pain, a condition notably altering the quality of life of women with the disease. This review is intended to exhaustively gather current knowledge on purinergic signaling in endometriosis-associated pain. Altered extracellular ATP hydrolysis, due to changes in ectonucleotidase activity, has been reported in endometriosis; the resulting accumulation of ATP in the endometriotic microenvironment points to sustained activation of nucleotide receptors (P2 receptors) capable of generating a persistent pain message. P2X3 receptor, expressed in sensory neurons, mediates nociceptive, neuropathic, and inflammatory pain, and is enrolled in endometriosis-related pain. Pharmacological inhibition of P2X3 receptor is under evaluation as a pain relief treatment for women with endometriosis. The role of other ATP receptors is also discussed here, e.g., P2X4 and P2X7 receptors, which are involved in inflammatory cell-nerve and microglia-nerve crosstalk, and therefore in inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Adenosine receptors (P1 receptors), by contrast, mainly play antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory roles. Purinome-targeted drugs, including nucleotide receptors and metabolizing enzymes, are potential non-hormonal therapeutic tools for the pharmacological management of endometriosis-related pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Trapero
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Oncobell Program, CIBERONC, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Martín-Satué
- Departament de Patologia i Terapèutica Experimental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Campus Bellvitge, Universitat de Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
- Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), Oncobell Program, CIBERONC, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Zarepour L, Gharaylou Z, Hadjighassem M, Shafaghi L, Majedi H, Behzad E, Hosseindoost S, Ramezani F, Nasirinezhad F. Preliminary study of analgesic effect of bumetanide on neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury. J Clin Neurosci 2020; 81:477-484. [PMID: 33222966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE The current study evaluated the analgesic effects of bumetanide as an adjunctive treatment in managing neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury. The peripheral expression level of Na-K-Cl-cotransporter-1 (NKCC1) and K-Cl-cotransporter-2 (KCC2) genes in polymorphonuclear lymphocytes (PMLs) assessed as a possible biomarker indicating central underlying mechanisms. METHODS This open-label, single-arm, pilot trial of bumetanide (2 mg/day) is an add-on treatment conducted in 14 SCI patients for 19 weeks. The whole duration consisted of three phases: pre-treatment (1 month), titration (3 weeks), and active treatment (4 months). Ultimately, nine patients completed the study. The primary outcome variables were the endpoint pain score measured by the numeric rating scale (NRS), and the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Secondary endpoints included the Short-Form Health Survey that measures the quality of life. Blood samples were collected and used for determining the expression of NKCC1 and KCC2 genes in transcription and translation levels. RESULTS Bumetanide treatment significantly reduced average pain intensity according to the NRS and the short form of the McGill Pain Questionnaire scores. The baseline expression of KCC2 protein was low between groups and increased significantly following treatment (P < 0.05). Through the current study, pain improvement accompanied by the more significant mean change from the baseline for the overall quality of life. CONCLUSION These data might be a piece of preliminary evidence for the analgesic effect of bumetanide on neuropathic pain and could support the potential role of the upregulation of KCC2 protein and involvement of GABAergic disinhibition in producing neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Zarepour
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Gharaylou
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoudreza Hadjighassem
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Lida Shafaghi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Majedi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Behzad
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saereh Hosseindoost
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ramezani
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nasirinezhad
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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29
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Doyle TM, Largent-Milnes TM, Chen Z, Staikopoulos V, Esposito E, Dalgarno R, Fan C, Tosh DK, Cuzzocrea S, Jacobson KA, Trang T, Hutchinson MR, Bennett GJ, Vanderah TW, Salvemini D. Chronic Morphine-Induced Changes in Signaling at the A 3 Adenosine Receptor Contribute to Morphine-Induced Hyperalgesia, Tolerance, and Withdrawal. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2020; 374:331-341. [PMID: 32434943 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.120.000004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Treating chronic pain by using opioids, such as morphine, is hampered by the development of opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH; increased pain sensitivity), antinociceptive tolerance, and withdrawal, which can contribute to dependence and abuse. In the central nervous system, the purine nucleoside adenosine has been implicated in beneficial and detrimental actions of morphine, but the extent of their interaction remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that morphine-induced OIH and antinociceptive tolerance in rats is associated with a twofold increase in adenosine kinase (ADK) expression in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Blocking ADK activity in the spinal cord provided greater than 90% attenuation of OIH and antinociceptive tolerance through A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) signaling. Supplementing adenosine signaling with selective A3AR agonists blocked OIH and antinociceptive tolerance in rodents of both sexes. Engagement of A3AR in the spinal cord with an ADK inhibitor or A3AR agonist was associated with reduced dorsal horn of the spinal cord expression of the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (60%-75%), cleaved caspase 1 (40%-60%), interleukin (IL)-1β (76%-80%), and tumor necrosis factor (50%-60%). In contrast, the neuroinhibitory and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 increased twofold. In mice, A3AR agonists prevented the development of tolerance in a model of neuropathic pain and reduced naloxone-dependent withdrawal behaviors by greater than 50%. These findings suggest A3AR-dependent adenosine signaling is compromised during sustained morphine to allow the development of morphine-induced adverse effects. These findings raise the intriguing possibility that A3AR agonists may be useful adjunct to opioids to manage their unwanted effects. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The development of hyperalgesia and antinociceptive tolerance during prolonged opioid use are noteworthy opioid-induced adverse effects that reduce opioid efficacy for treating chronic pain and increase the risk of dependence and abuse. We report that in rodents, these adverse effects are due to reduced adenosine signaling at the A3AR, resulting in NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3-interleukin-1β neuroinflammation in spinal cord. These effects are attenuated by A3AR agonists, suggesting that A3AR may be a target for therapeutic intervention with selective A3AR agonist as opioid adjuncts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Doyle
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Tally M Largent-Milnes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Vasiliki Staikopoulos
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Rebecca Dalgarno
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Churmy Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Dilip K Tosh
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Tuan Trang
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Gary J Bennett
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Todd W Vanderah
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Henry and Amelia Nasrallah Center for Neuroscience, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (T.M.D., Z.C., D.S.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona (T.M.L.-M., T.W.V.); Discipline of Physiology, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia (V.S., M.R.H.); Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy (E.E., S.C.); Departments of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine and Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada (R.D., C.F., T.T.); Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland (D.K.T., K.A.J.); and Department of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California (G.J.B.)
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Beverungen H, Klaszky SC, Klaszky M, Côté MP. Rehabilitation Decreases Spasticity by Restoring Chloride Homeostasis through the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor-KCC2 Pathway after Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2020; 37:846-859. [PMID: 31578924 PMCID: PMC7071070 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2019.6526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Activity-based therapy is routinely integrated in rehabilitation programs to facilitate functional recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI). Among its beneficial effects is a reduction of hyperreflexia and spasticity, which affects ∼75% of the SCI population. Unlike current anti-spastic pharmacological treatments, rehabilitation attenuates spastic symptoms without causing an active depression in spinal excitability, thus avoiding further interference with motor recovery. Understanding how activity-based therapies contribute to decrease spasticity is critical to identifying new pharmacological targets and to optimize rehabilitation programs. It was recently demonstrated that a decrease in the expression of KCC2, a neuronal Cl- extruder, contributes to the development spasticity in SCI rats. Although exercise can decrease spinal hyperexcitability and increase KCC2 expression on lumbar motoneurons after SCI, a causal effect remains to be established. Activity-dependent processes include an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Interestingly, BDNF is a regulator of KCC2 but also a potent modulator of spinal excitability. Therefore, we hypothesized that after SCI, the activity-dependent increase in KCC2 expression: 1) functionally contributes to reduce hyperreflexia, and 2) is regulated by BDNF. SCI rats chronically received VU0240551 (KCC2 blocker) or TrkB-IgG (BDNF scavenger) during the daily rehabilitation sessions and the frequency-dependent depression of the H-reflex, a monitor of hyperreflexia, was recorded 4 weeks post-injury. Our results suggest that the activity-dependent increase in KCC2 functionally contributes to H-reflex recovery and critically depends on BDNF activity. This study provides a new perspective in understanding how exercise impacts hyperreflexia by identifying the biological basis of the recovery of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Beverungen
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samantha Choyke Klaszky
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael Klaszky
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marie-Pascale Côté
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Marion Murray Spinal Cord Research Center, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Li XL, Hong M. Aqueous extract of Dendrobium officinale confers neuroprotection against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2019; 36:43-53. [PMID: 31642199 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidences have proved the protective role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving neurological damage induced by cerebral hypoxia-ischemia. Herein, we hypothesized that Dendrobium officinale aqueous extract exerted neuroprotection against brain damage. Initially, a model of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) was induced in neonatal rats, which were subsequently intragastrically administered with different doses of Dendrobium officinale aqueous extract. Next, the antioxidant capacity was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling staining assays were adopted to determine neuronal apoptosis in brain tissues. Furthermore, neurotrophic factors and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression was identified by Western blot analysis. The neonatal rat models of HIBD presented impaired neurobehaviors and antioxidant capacity, increased neuronal apoptosis and expression of HIF-1α and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1), as well as diminished expression of neurotrophic factors and K+ -Cl- -cotransporter 2 (KCC2). Notably, in response to different doses of Dendrobium officinale aqueous extract, the impairment on neurobehaviors and antioxidant capacity was alleviated, accompanied by reduced levels of nitric oxide synthase, nitric oxide, and malondialdehyde, and increased superoxide dismutase activity. Besides, the neuronal apoptosis was inhibited as reflected by down-regulated cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and up-regulated Bcl-2. Moreover, we also found accelerated expression of neurotrophic factors and KCC2 and diminished expression of HIF-1α and HDAC1. Altogether, this present study highlights that the aqueous extract of Dendrobium officinale can suppress the neuronal apoptosis and enhance the expression of neurotrophic factors to protect neonatal rats against HIBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Mei Hong
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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Adebiyi MG, Manalo J, Kellems RE, Xia Y. Differential role of adenosine signaling cascade in acute and chronic pain. Neurosci Lett 2019; 712:134483. [PMID: 31494223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine is a signaling molecule induced under stress such as energy insufficiency and ischemic/hypoxic conditions. Adenosine controls multiple physiological and pathological cellular and tissue function by activation of four G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). Functional role of adenosine signaling in acute pain has been widely studied. However, the role of adenosine signaling in chronic pain is poorly understood. At acute levels, adenosine can be beneficial to anti-pain whereas a sustained elevation of adenosine can be detrimental to promote chronic pain. In recent years, extensive progress has been made to define the role of adenosine signaling in chronic pain and to dissect molecular new insight underlying the development of chronic pain. In this review, we summarize the differential role of adenosine signaling cascade in acute and chronic pain with a major focus on recent studies revealing adenosine ADORA2B receptor activation in the pathology of chronic pain. We further provide a therapeutic outlook of how multiple adenosine signaling components can be useful to treat chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morayo G Adebiyi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeanne Manalo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rodney E Kellems
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yang Xia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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Cannabidiol modulates serotonergic transmission and reverses both allodynia and anxiety-like behavior in a model of neuropathic pain. Pain 2019; 160:136-150. [PMID: 30157131 PMCID: PMC6319597 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Low dose of cannabidiol ameliorates mechanical allodynia and anxious behavior and restores impaired serotonergic transmission in a neuropathic pain model in rats. Clinical studies indicate that cannabidiol (CBD), the primary nonaddictive component of cannabis that interacts with the serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor, may possess analgesic and anxiolytic effects. However, its effects on 5-HT neuronal activity, as well as its impact on models of neuropathic pain are unknown. First, using in vivo single-unit extracellular recordings in rats, we demonstrated that acute intravenous (i.v.) increasing doses of CBD (0.1-1.0 mg/kg) decreased the firing rate of 5-HT neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus, which was prevented by administration of the 5-HT1A antagonist WAY 100635 (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) and the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine (1 mg/kg, i.v.) but not by the CB1 receptor antagonist AM 251 (1 mg/kg, i.v.). Repeated treatment with CBD (5 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously [s.c.], for 7 days) increased 5-HT firing through desensitization of 5-HT1A receptors. Rats subjected to the spared nerve injury model for 24 days showed decreased 5-HT firing activity, mechanical allodynia, and increased anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze test, open-field test, and novelty-suppressed feeding test. Seven days of treatment with CBD reduced mechanical allodynia, decreased anxiety-like behavior, and normalized 5-HT activity. Antiallodynic effects of CBD were fully prevented by capsazepine (10 mg/kg/day, s.c., for 7 days) and partially prevented by WAY 100635 (2 mg/kg/day, s.c., for 7 days), whereas the anxiolytic effect was blocked only by WAY. Overall, repeated treatment with low-dose CBD induces analgesia predominantly through TRPV1 activation, reduces anxiety through 5-HT1A receptor activation, and rescues impaired 5-HT neurotransmission under neuropathic pain conditions.
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Sarveazad A, Janzadeh A, Taheripak G, Dameni S, Yousefifard M, Nasirinezhad F. Co-administration of human adipose-derived stem cells and low-level laser to alleviate neuropathic pain after experimental spinal cord injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:183. [PMID: 31234929 PMCID: PMC6591829 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence has suggested that human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and low-level laser has neuroprotective effects on spinal cord injury (SCI). Therefore, the combined effect of the hADSCs and laser on neuregeneration and neuropathic pain after SCI was investigated. METHODS Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats with 200-250 g weight were used. Thirty minutes after compression, injury with laser was irritated, and 1 week following SCI, about 1 × 106 cells were transplanted into the spinal cord. Motor function and neuropathic pain were assessed weekly. Molecular and histological studies were done at the end of the fourth week. RESULTS The combined application of hADSCs and laser has significantly improved motor function recovery (p = 0.0001), hyperalgesia (p < 0.05), and allodynia (p < 0.05). GDNF mRNA expression was significantly increased in hADSCs and laser+hADSC-treated animals (p < 0.001). Finally, co-administration of hADSCs and laser has enhanced the number of axons around cavity more than other treatments (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results showed that the combination of laser and ADSCs could significantly improve the motor function and alleviate SCI-induced allodynia and hyperalgesia. Therefore, using a combination of laser and hADSCs in future experimental and translational clinical studies is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Sarveazad
- Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Janzadeh
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Taheripak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Dameni
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Yousefifard
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nasirinezhad
- Physiology Research Center and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran
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Coppi E, Cherchi F, Fusco I, Failli P, Vona A, Dettori I, Gaviano L, Lucarini E, Jacobson KA, Tosh DK, Salvemini D, Ghelardini C, Pedata F, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Pugliese AM. Adenosine A3 receptor activation inhibits pronociceptive N-type Ca2+ currents and cell excitability in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Pain 2019; 160:1103-1118. [PMID: 31008816 PMCID: PMC6669900 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, studies have focused on the antihyperalgesic activity of the A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) in several chronic pain models, but the cellular and molecular basis of this effect is still unknown. Here, we investigated the expression and functional effects of A3AR on the excitability of small- to medium-sized, capsaicin-sensitive, dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons isolated from 3- to 4-week-old rats. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiments and immunofluorescence analysis revealed A3AR expression in DRG neurons. Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that 2 distinct A3AR agonists, Cl-IB-MECA and the highly selective MRS5980, inhibited Ca-activated K (KCa) currents evoked by a voltage-ramp protocol. This effect was dependent on a reduction in Ca influx via N-type voltage-dependent Ca channels, as Cl-IB-MECA-induced inhibition was sensitive to the N-type blocker PD173212 but not to the L-type blocker, lacidipine. The endogenous agonist adenosine also reduced N-type Ca currents, and its effect was inhibited by 56% in the presence of A3AR antagonist MRS1523, demonstrating that the majority of adenosine's effect is mediated by this receptor subtype. Current-clamp recordings demonstrated that neuronal firing of rat DRG neurons was also significantly reduced by A3AR activation in a MRS1523-sensitive but PD173212-insensitive manner. Intracellular Ca measurements confirmed the inhibitory role of A3AR on DRG neuronal firing. We conclude that pain-relieving effects observed on A3AR activation could be mediated through N-type Ca channel block and action potential inhibition as independent mechanisms in isolated rat DRG neurons. These findings support A3AR-based therapy as a viable approach to alleviate pain in different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Coppi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Federica Cherchi
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Fusco
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Failli
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Alessia Vona
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Dettori
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Gaviano
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Felicita Pedata
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
| | | | - Anna Maria Pugliese
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Italy
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The role of convergent ion channel pathways in microglial phenotypes: a systematic review of the implications for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Transl Psychiatry 2018; 8:259. [PMID: 30498192 PMCID: PMC6265266 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-018-0318-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increases in the activated state of microglia, the main neuroimmune cells, are widely reported in the brains of patients with neurological and psychiatric disorders. Microglia transform from the resting to the activated state by sensing their environment, aided by a variety of ion channels. To examine the effect of ion channels on microglial phenotypes, we conducted a systematic review of immunohistochemical analyses of these neuroimmune cells in animal models following administration of ion channel antagonists, compared to control conditions. A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases using the PRISMA and WHO methodologies for systematic reviews yielded 15 original peer-reviewed studies. The majority (13 out of 15) of these studies reported a decrease in microglial activated state after ion signaling pharmacological blockade. The studies provide evidence that acute administration of ion channel antagonists leads to a reduction in microglial activation in rodent brains in the models for epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, inflammation, pain, ischemia, and brain and spinal cord injury. Future research should explore microglial-specific druggable targets for neurological and psychiatric disorders. The investigation of acute and chronic administration of ion channel antagonists in microglial phenotypes in primates and the development of microglia-like cells derived from human stem cells could be valuable sources in this direction.
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Terayama R, Tabata M, Maruhama K, Iida S. A 3 adenosine receptor agonist attenuates neuropathic pain by suppressing activation of microglia and convergence of nociceptive inputs in the spinal dorsal horn. Exp Brain Res 2018; 236:3203-3213. [PMID: 30206669 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-018-5377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries cause glial activation and neuronal hyperactivity in the spinal dorsal horn. These changes have been considered to be involved in the underlying mechanisms for the development and maintenance of neuropathic pain. Using double immunofluorescence labeling, we previously demonstrated that spinal microglial activation induced by nerve injury enhanced convergence of nociceptive inputs in the spinal dorsal horn from uninjured afferents. The adenosine A3 receptor (A3AR) agonists have been shown to have antinociceptive activities in several experimental neuropathic pain models. However, the mechanisms underlying these antinociceptive actions of the A3AR agonist are still not fully explored. In this study, the effects of the A3AR agonist (i.e., IB-MECA) on microglial activation, enhancement of convergent nociceptive inputs, and nocifensive behaviors were examined after tibial nerve injury. Injury to the tibial nerve initially caused hyposensitivity to touch stimulus at 3 days, and then resulted in tactile allodynia at 14-day post-injury. The daily systemic administration of IB-MECA (0.1 mg/kg/day) for 8 days in a row starting on the day of nerve injury or 7 days after nerve injury prevented the development of behaviorally assessed hypersensitivities, and spinal microglial activation induced by nerve injury. These treatments also suppressed anomalous convergence of nociceptive primary inputs in the spinal dorsal horn. The present findings indicate that the A3AR agonist attenuates neuropathic pain states by suppressing enhanced microglial activation, and anomalous convergence of nociceptive inputs in the spinal dorsal horn from uninjured afferents after injury to the peripheral nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuji Terayama
- Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan. .,Department of Maxillofacial Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyasu Tabata
- Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kotaro Maruhama
- Department of Oral Function and Anatomy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Seiji Iida
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
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Sánchez-Brualla I, Boulenguez P, Brocard C, Liabeuf S, Viallat-Lieutaud A, Navarro X, Udina E, Brocard F. Activation of 5-HT 2A Receptors Restores KCC2 Function and Reduces Neuropathic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury. Neuroscience 2018; 387:48-57. [PMID: 28844001 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Downregulation of the potassium chloride cotransporter type 2 (KCC2) after a spinal cord injury (SCI) disinhibits motoneurons and dorsal horn interneurons causing spasticity and neuropathic pain, respectively. We showed recently (Bos et al., 2013) that specific activation of 5-HT2A receptors by TCB-2 [(4-bromo-3,6-dimethoxybenzocyclobuten-1-yl)methylamine hydrobromide] upregulates KCC2 function, restores motoneuronal inhibition and reduces SCI-induced spasticity. Here, we tested the potential analgesic effect of TCB-2 on central (thoracic hemisection) and peripheral [spared nerve injury (SNI)] neuropathic pain. We found mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia reduced by an acute administration of TCB-2 in rats with SCI. This analgesic effect was associated with an increase in dorsal horn membrane KCC2 expression and was prevented by pharmacological blockade of KCC2 with an intrathecal injection of DIOA [(dihydroindenyl)oxy]alkanoic acid]. In contrast, the SNI-induced neuropathic pain was not attenuated by TCB-2 although there was a slight increase of membrane KCC2 expression in the dorsal horn ipsilateral to the lesion. Up-regulation of KCC2 function by targeting 5-HT2A receptors, therefore, has therapeutic potential in the treatment of neuropathic pain induced by SCI but not by SNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sánchez-Brualla
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Pascale Boulenguez
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France
| | - Cécile Brocard
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France
| | - Sylvie Liabeuf
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France
| | - Annelise Viallat-Lieutaud
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Esther Udina
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Institute of Neurosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Frédéric Brocard
- Team P3M, Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, UMR7289, Aix Marseille Université and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Marseille, France.
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Dai S, Qi Y, Fu J, Li N, Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhang W, Xu H, Zhou H, Ma Z. Dexmedetomidine attenuates persistent postsurgical pain by upregulating K +-Cl - cotransporter-2 in the spinal dorsal horn in rats. J Pain Res 2018; 11:993-1004. [PMID: 29872336 PMCID: PMC5973459 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s158737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dexmedetomidine (DEX) could have an analgesic effect on pain transmission through the modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In addition, KCC2-induced shift in neuronal Cl− homeostasis is crucial for postsynaptic inhibition mediated by GABAA receptors. Accumulating evidence shows that nerve injury, peripheral inflammation and stress activate the spinal BDNF/TrkB signal, which results in the downregulation of KCC2 transport and expression, eventually leads to GAGAergic disinhibition and hyperalgesia. The aim of this experiment was to explore the interaction between DEX and KCC2 at a molecular level in rats in the persistent postsurgical pain (PPSP). Methods PPSP in rats was evoked by the skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR). Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed with the Dynamic Plantar Aesthesiometer. Western blot and immunofluorescence assay were used to assess the expressions of related proteins. Results In the first part of our experiment, the results revealed that the BDNF/TrkB-KCC2 signal plays a critical role in the development of SMIR-evoked PPSP; the second part showed that intraperitoneal administrations of 40 µg/kg DEX at 15 min presurgery and 1 to 3 days post-surgery significantly attenuated SMIR-evoked PPSP. Simultaneously, SMIR-induced KCC2 downregulation was partly reversed, which coincided with the inhibition of the BDNF/TrkB signal in the spinal dorsal horn. Moreover, intrathecal administrations of KCC2 inhibitor VU0240551 significantly reduced the analgesic effect of DEX on SMIR-evoked PPSP. Conclusion The results of our study indicated that DEX attenuated PPSP by restoring KCC2 function through reducing BDNF/TrkB signal in the spinal dorsal horn in rats, which provides a new insight into the treatment of chronic pain in clinical postsurgical pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhong Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yu Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haijun Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, XuZhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhengliang Ma
- The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Wahlman C, Doyle TM, Little JW, Luongo L, Janes K, Chen Z, Esposito E, Tosh DK, Cuzzocrea S, Jacobson KA, Salvemini D. Chemotherapy-induced pain is promoted by enhanced spinal adenosine kinase levels through astrocyte-dependent mechanisms. Pain 2018; 159:1025-1034. [PMID: 29419652 PMCID: PMC5955834 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Development of chemotherapy-induced neuropathic pain (CINP) compromises the use of chemotherapy and greatly impacts thousands of lives. Unfortunately, there are no Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs to prevent or treat CINP. Neuropathological changes within CNS, including neuroinflammation and increased neuronal excitability, are driven by alterations in neuro-glia communication; but, the molecular signaling pathways remain largely unexplored. Adenosine is a potent neuroprotective purine nucleoside released to counteract the consequences of these neuropathological changes. Adenosine signaling at its adenosine receptors (ARs) is dictated by adenosine kinase (ADK) in astrocytes, which provides a cellular sink for the removal of extracellular adenosine. We now demonstrate that chemotherapy (oxaliplatin) in rodents caused ADK overexpression in reactive astrocytes and reduced adenosine signaling at the A3AR subtype (A3AR) within the spinal cord. Dysregulation of ADK and A3AR signaling was associated with increased proinflammatory and neuroexcitatory interleukin-1β expression and activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome, but not putative oxaliplatin-associated GSK3β transcriptional regulation. Intrathecal administration of the highly selective A3AR agonist MRS5698 attenuated IL-1β production and increased the expression of potent anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective IL-10. The effects of MRS5698 were blocked by attenuating IL-10 signaling in rats with intrathecal neutralizing IL-10 antibody and in IL-10 knockout mice. These findings provide new molecular insights implicating astrocyte-based ADK-adenosine axis and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 in the development of CINP and IL-10 in the mechanism of action of A3AR agonists. These findings strengthen the pharmacological rationale for clinical evaluation of A3AR agonists already in advanced clinical trials as anticancer agents as an adjunct to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Wahlman
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Timothy M. Doyle
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Joshua W. Little
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
- Department of Surgery, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Italy
| | - Kali Janes
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Zhoumou Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Dilip K. Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
| | - Kenneth A. Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0810, USA
| | - Daniela Salvemini
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Center for Anatomical Science and Education, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
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A binding kinetics study of human adenosine A 3 receptor agonists. Biochem Pharmacol 2018; 153:248-259. [PMID: 29305857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The human adenosine A3 (hA3) receptor has been suggested as a viable drug target in inflammatory diseases and in cancer. So far, a number of selective hA3 receptor agonists (e.g. IB-MECA and 2-Cl-IB-MECA) inducing anti-inflammatory or anticancer effects are under clinical investigation. Drug-target binding kinetics is increasingly recognized as another pharmacological parameter, next to affinity, for compound triage in the early phases of drug discovery. However, such a kinetics-driven analysis has not yet been performed for the hA3 receptor. In this study, we first validated a competition association assay for adenosine A3 receptor agonists to determine the target interaction kinetics. Affinities and Kinetic Rate Index (KRI) values of 11 ribofurano and 10 methanocarba nucleosides were determined in radioligand binding assays. Afterwards, 15 analogues were further selected (KRI <0.70 or KRI >1.35) for full kinetics characterization. The structure-kinetics relationships (SKR) were derived and longer residence times were associated with methanocarba and enlarged adenine N6 and C2 substitutions. In addition, from a kon-koff-KD kinetic map we divided the agonists into three subgroups. A residence time "cliff" was observed, which might be relevant to (N)-methanocarba derivatives' rigid C2-arylalkynyl substitutions. Our findings provide substantial evidence that, next to affinity, additional knowledge of binding kinetics is useful for developing and selecting new hA3R agonists in the early phase of the drug discovery process.
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Kitayama T. The Role of K +-Cl --Cotransporter-2 in Neuropathic Pain. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:110-115. [PMID: 28677029 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The pain sensory system normally functions under a fine balance between excitation and inhibition. When this balance is perturbed for some reason, it leads to neuropathic pain. There is accumulating evidence that attributes this pain generation to specific dysfunctions of the inhibitory system in the spinal cord. One possible mechanism leading to the induction of these dysfunctions is the down-regulation of K+-Cl--cotransporter-2 (KCC2) expression. In fact, various neuropathic pain models indicate a decrease of KCC2 expression in the spinal cord. The alteration of KCC2 expression affects GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmissions, because KCC2 is a potassium-chloride exporter and serves to maintain intracellular chloride concentration. When there is a low level of KCC2 expression, GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmissions transform from inhibitory signals to excitatory signals. In this review, the hypothesis that an alteration of KCC2 expression has a crucial influence on the initiation/development or maintenance of neuropathic pain is discussed. In addition, it is suggested that the alteration of inhibitory signals is dependent on the time after peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kitayama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68 Koshien-Kyubanmachi, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8179, Japan.
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Mahadevan V, Khademullah CS, Dargaei Z, Chevrier J, Uvarov P, Kwan J, Bagshaw RD, Pawson T, Emili A, De Koninck Y, Anggono V, Airaksinen M, Woodin MA. Native KCC2 interactome reveals PACSIN1 as a critical regulator of synaptic inhibition. eLife 2017; 6:e28270. [PMID: 29028184 PMCID: PMC5640428 DOI: 10.7554/elife.28270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
KCC2 is a neuron-specific K+-Cl- cotransporter essential for establishing the Cl- gradient required for hyperpolarizing inhibition in the central nervous system (CNS). KCC2 is highly localized to excitatory synapses where it regulates spine morphogenesis and AMPA receptor confinement. Aberrant KCC2 function contributes to human neurological disorders including epilepsy and neuropathic pain. Using functional proteomics, we identified the KCC2-interactome in the mouse brain to determine KCC2-protein interactions that regulate KCC2 function. Our analysis revealed that KCC2 interacts with diverse proteins, and its most predominant interactors play important roles in postsynaptic receptor recycling. The most abundant KCC2 interactor is a neuronal endocytic regulatory protein termed PACSIN1 (SYNDAPIN1). We verified the PACSIN1-KCC2 interaction biochemically and demonstrated that shRNA knockdown of PACSIN1 in hippocampal neurons increases KCC2 expression and hyperpolarizes the reversal potential for Cl-. Overall, our global native-KCC2 interactome and subsequent characterization revealed PACSIN1 as a novel and potent negative regulator of KCC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Mahadevan
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | | | - Zahra Dargaei
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Jonah Chevrier
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Pavel Uvarov
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Julian Kwan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Richard D Bagshaw
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada
| | - Tony Pawson
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research InstituteMount Sinai HospitalTorontoCanada
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Yves De Koninck
- Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de QuébecQuébecCanada
- Department of Psychiatry and NeuroscienceUniversité LavalQuébecCanada
| | - Victor Anggono
- Queensland Brain Institute, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia ResearchThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Matti Airaksinen
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Melanie A Woodin
- Department of Cell and Systems BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoCanada
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Fu H, Li F, Thomas S, Yang Z. Hyperbaric oxygenation alleviates chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain and inhibits GABAergic neuron apoptosis in the spinal cord. Scand J Pain 2017; 17:330-338. [PMID: 28927648 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dysfunction of GABAergic inhibitory controls contributes to the development of neuropathic pain. We examined our hypotheses that (1) chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain is associated with increased spinal GABAergic neuron apoptosis, and (2) hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) alleviates CCI-induced neuropathic pain by inhibiting GABAergic neuron apoptosis. METHODS Male rats were randomized into 3 groups: CCI, CCI+HBO and the control group (SHAM). Mechanical allodynia was tested daily following CCI procedure. HBO rats were treated at 2.4 atmospheres absolute (ATA) for 60min once per day. The rats were euthanized and the spinal cord harvested on day 8 and 14 post-CCI. Detection of GABAergic cells and apoptosis was performed. The percentages of double positive stained cells (NeuN/GABA), cleaved caspase-3 or Cytochrome C in total GABAergic cells or in total NeuN positive cells were calculated. RESULTS HBO significantly alleviated mechanical allodynia. CCI-induced neuropathic pain was associated with significantly increased spinal apoptotic GABA-positive neurons. HBO considerably decreased these spinal apoptotic cells. Cytochrome-C-positive neurons and cleaved caspase-3-positive neurons were also significantly higher in CCI rats. HBO significantly decreased these positive cells. Caspase-3 mRNA was also significantly higher in CCI rats. HBO reduced mRNA expression of caspase-3. CONCLUSIONS CCI-induced neuropathic pain was associated with increased apoptotic GABAergic neurons induced by activation of key proteins of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. HBO alleviated CCI-induced neuropathic pain and reduced GABAergic neuron apoptosis. The beneficial effect of HBO may be via its inhibitory role in CCI-induced GABAergic neuron apoptosis by suppressing mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in the spinal cord. IMPLICATIONS Increased apoptotic GABAergic neurons induced by activation of key proteins of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord is critical in CCI-induced neuropathic pain. The inhibitory role of HBO in GABAergic neuron apoptosis suppresses ongoing neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqun Fu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Fenghua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Sebastian Thomas
- Pain Treatment Center, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Zhongjin Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
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Yan YY, Li CY, Zhou L, Ao LY, Fang WR, Li YM. Research progress of mechanisms and drug therapy for neuropathic pain. Life Sci 2017; 190:68-77. [PMID: 28964813 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is maladaptive pain caused by injury or dysfunction in peripheral and central nervous system, and remains a worldwide thorny problem leading to decreases in physical and mental quality of people's life. Currently, drug therapy is the main treatment regimen for resolving pain, while effective drugs are still unmet in medical need, and commonly used drugs such as anticonvulsants and antidepressants often make patients experience adverse drug reactions like dizziness, somnolence, severe headache, and high blood pressure. Thus, in this review we overview the anatomical physiology, underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain to provide a better understanding in the initiation, development, maintenance, and modulation of this pervasive disease, and inspire research in the unclear mechanisms as well as potential targets. Furthermore, we summarized the existing drug therapies and new compounds that have shown antalgic effects in laboratory studies to be helpful for rational regimens in clinical treatment and promotion in novel drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lu-Yao Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wei-Rong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yun-Man Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Interaction between saliva's adenosine and tick parasitism: effects on feeding and reproduction. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:326. [PMID: 28693553 PMCID: PMC5502490 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2248-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has recently been demonstrated that saliva from Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks contains adenosine (ADO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), two non-protein molecules that have significant immunomodulatory properties. These molecules can inhibit cytokine production by dendritic cells (DCs), while also reducing the expression of CD40 in these cells. However, more studies are needed for a better understanding of their participation in the feeding of ticks in vivo. This work, therefore, evaluated the importance of ADO during tick infestations. Mice were infested with adult ticks (3 couples/mouse), and their skin was collected at the tick-infested site (3rd and 7th day), and mRNA for receptors of ADO was quantified by real-time PCR. Results Tick infestation increased by four and two times the expression of the A2b and A3v1 receptors on day 3, respectively, while expression of other ADO receptors was unaltered. In addition, we treated mice (n = 10/group) daily with 8-(p-Sulfophenyl)theophylline, 8-pSPT, 20 mg/kg, i.p.), a non-selective antagonist of ADO receptors, and evaluated the performance of ticks during infestations. Female ticks fed on 8-pSPT-treated mice presented a reduction in their engorgement, weight and hatching rates of egg masses, and survival times of larvae compared to the same parameters presented by ticks in the control group. To investigate if these 8-pSPT-treated mice presented altered immune responses, we performed three tick infestations and collected their lymph node cells to determine the percentages and activation state of DCs and cytokine production by lymphocytes by flow cytometry (Cytometric Bead Array technique, CBA). Our data showed that 8-pSPT-treated mice presented an increase in the percentage of DCs as well as of their stimulatory and co-stimulatory molecules (CD40, CD80 and MHCII). Regarding production of T cell cytokines, we observed a significant increase in the levels of IL-2 and a significant decrease in IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α and IFN-γ cytokines. Conclusions These results suggest that ADO produced by ticks helps them feed and reproduce and that this effect may be due to modulation of host DCs and T cells.
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Castro A, Li Y, Raver C, Chandra R, Masri R, Lobo MK, Keller A. Neuropathic pain after chronic nerve constriction may not correlate with chloride dysregulation in mouse trigeminal nucleus caudalis neurons. Pain 2017; 158:1366-1372. [PMID: 28426550 PMCID: PMC5482239 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Changes in chloride reversal potential in rat spinal cord neurons have previously been associated with persistent pain in nerve injury and inflammation models. These changes correlate with a decrease in the expression of the potassium chloride transporter, KCC2, and with increases in neuronal excitability. Here, we test the hypothesis that similar changes occur in mice with neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury of the trigeminal infraorbital nerve (CCI-ION). This model allows us to distinguish an acute pain phase (3-5 days after injury) from a persistent pain phase (12-14 days after CCI-ION). Chronic constriction injury of the trigeminal infraorbital nerve induced significant decreases in mechanical pain thresholds in both the acute and persistent phases. To estimate GABAA reversal potentials in neurons from trigeminal nucleus caudalis, we obtained perforated patch recordings in vitro. GABAA reversal potential decreased by 8% during the acute phase in unidentified neurons, but not in GABAergic interneurons. However, at 12 to 14 days after CCI-ION, GABAA reversal potential recovered to normal values. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed no significant changes, at either 3 to 5 days or 12 to 14 days after CCI-ION, in either KCC2 or NKCC1. These findings suggest that CCI-ION in mice results in transient and modest changes in chloride reversal potentials, and that these changes may not persist during the late phase. This suggests that, in the mouse model of CCI-ION, chloride dysregulation may not have a prominent role in the central mechanisms leading to the maintenance of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Castro
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
| | - Charles Raver
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
| | - Radi Masri
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
- Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Operative Surgery, Baltimore College of Dentistry. Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Mary Kay Lobo
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
| | - Asaf Keller
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine
- Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland
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Notartomaso S, Mascio G, Scarselli P, Martinello K, Fucile S, Gradini R, Bruno V, Battaglia G, Nicoletti F. Expression of the K +/Cl - cotransporter, KCC2, in cerebellar Purkinje cells is regulated by group-I metabotropic glutamate receptors. Neuropharmacology 2017; 115:51-59. [PMID: 27498071 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The neuronal K+/Cl- symporter, KCC2, shapes synaptic responses mediated by Cl--permeant GABAA receptors. Moving from the evidence that excitatory neurotransmission drives changes in KCC2 expression in cerebellar neurons, we studied the regulation of KCC2 expression by group-I metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors in the cerebellum of adult mice. Mice lacking mGlu5 receptors showed a large reduction in cerebellar KCC2 protein levels and a loss of KCC2 immunoreactivity in Purkinje cells. Similar changes were seen in mice treated with the mGlu5 receptor antagonist, MPEP, whereas treatment with the mGlu5 receptor positive allosteric modulator (PAM), VU0360172, increased KCC2 expression. In contrast, pharmacological inhibition of mGlu1 receptors with JNJ16259685 enhanced cerebellar KCC2 protein levels and KCC2 immunoreactivity in Purkinje cells, whereas treatment with the mGlu1 receptor PAM, RO0711401, reduced KCC2 expression. To examine whether the reduction in KCC2 expression caused by the absence or the inhibition of mGlu5 receptors could affect GABAergic transmission, we performed electrophysiological and behavioral studies. Recording of extracellular action potentials in Purkinje cells showed that the inhibitory effect of the GABAA receptor agonist, muscimol, was lost in cerebellar slices prepared from mGlu5-/- mice or from mice treated systemically with MPEP, in line with the reduction in KCC2 expression. Similarly, motor impairment caused by the GABAA receptor PAM, diazepam, was attenuated in mice pre-treated with MPEP. These findings disclose a novel function of mGlu5 receptors in the cerebellum and suggest that mGlu5 receptor ligands might influence GABAergic transmission in the cerebellum and affect motor responses to GABA-mimetic drugs. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors, 5 years on'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sergio Fucile
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza of Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Gradini
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Experimental Medicine, University Sapienza of Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Bruno
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University Sapienza of Rome, Italy.
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Liu X, Ma L, Zhang S, Ren Y, Dirksen RT. CD73 Controls Extracellular Adenosine Generation in the Trigeminal Nociceptive Nerves. J Dent Res 2017; 96:671-677. [PMID: 28530470 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517692953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling is involved in pain generation and modulation in the nociceptive sensory nervous system. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) induces pain via activation of ionotropic P2X receptors while adenosine mediates analgesia via activation of metabotropic P1 receptors. These purinergic signaling are determined by ecto-nucleotidases that control ATP degradation and adenosine generation. Using enzymatic histochemistry, we detected ecto-AMPase activity in dental pulp, trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons, and their nerve fibers. Using immunofluorescence staining, we confirmed the expression of ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) in trigeminal nociceptive neurons and their axonal fibers, including the nociceptive nerve fibers projecting into the brainstem. In addition, we detected the existence of CD73 and ecto-AMPase activity in the nociceptive lamina of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (TSNC) in the brainstem. Furthermore, we demonstrated that incubation with specific anti-CD73 serum significantly reduced the ecto-AMPase activity in the nociceptive lamina in the brainstem. Our results indicate that CD73 might participate in nociceptive modulation by affecting extracellular adenosine generation in the trigeminal nociceptive pathway. Disruption of TG neuronal ecto-nucleotidase expression and axonal terminal localization under certain circumstances such as chronic inflammation, oxidant stress, local constriction, and injury in trigeminal nerves may contribute to the pathogenesis of orofacial neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Liu
- 1 Department of Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - L Ma
- 1 Department of Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.,3 Department of Dentistry, School of Stomatology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - S Zhang
- 1 Department of Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Y Ren
- 1 Department of Dentistry, Eastman Institute for Oral Health, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R T Dirksen
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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