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Wu PY, Ji L, De Sanctis C, Francesconi A, Inglebert Y, McKinney RA. Loss of synaptopodin impairs mGluR5 and protein synthesis-dependent mGluR-LTD at CA3-CA1 synapses. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae062. [PMID: 38384385 PMCID: PMC10879843 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent long-term depression (mGluR-LTD) is an important form of synaptic plasticity that occurs in many regions of the central nervous system and is the underlying mechanism for several learning paradigms. In the hippocampus, mGluR-LTD is manifested by the weakening of synaptic transmission and elimination of dendritic spines. Interestingly, not all spines respond or undergo plasticity equally in response to mGluR-LTD. A subset of dendritic spines containing synaptopodin (SP), an actin-associated protein is critical for mGluR-LTD and protects spines from elimination through mGluR1 activity. The precise cellular function of SP is still enigmatic and it is still unclear how SP contributes to the functional aspect of mGluR-LTD despite its modulation of the structural plasticity. In this study, we show that the lack of SP impairs mGluR-LTD by negatively affecting the mGluR5-dependent activity. Such impairment of mGluR5 activity is accompanied by a significant decrease of surface mGluR5 level in SP knockout (SPKO) mice. Intriguingly, the remaining mGluR-LTD becomes a protein synthesis-independent process in the SPKO and is mediated instead by endocannabinoid signaling. These data indicate that the postsynaptic protein SP can regulate the locus of expression of mGluR-LTD and provide insight into our understanding of spine/synapse-specific plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei You Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Linjia Ji
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Claudia De Sanctis
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Anna Francesconi
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yanis Inglebert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - R Anne McKinney
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
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Wu PY, Ji L, De Sanctis C, Francesconi A, Inglebert Y, McKinney RA. Loss of synaptopodin impairs mGluR5 and protein synthesis dependent mGluR-LTD at CA3-CA1 synapses. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.02.551676. [PMID: 37577654 PMCID: PMC10418280 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.02.551676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent long-term depression (mGluR-LTD) is an important form of synaptic plasticity that occurs in many regions of the CNS and is the underlying mechanism for several learning paradigms. In the hippocampus, mGluR-LTD is manifested by the weakening of synaptic transmission and elimination of dendritic spines. Interestingly, not all spines respond or undergo plasticity equally in response to mGluR-LTD. A subset of dendritic spines containing synaptopodin (SP), an actin-associated protein, are critical for mGluR-LTD and protect spines from elimination through mGluR1 activity. The precise cellular function of SP is still enigmatic and it is still unclear how SP contributes to the functional aspect of mGluR-LTD despite of its modulation on the structural plasticity. In the present study, we show that the lack of SP impairs mGluR-LTD by negatively affecting the mGluR5-dependent activity. Such impairment of mGluR5 activity is accompanied by a significant decrease of surface mGluR5 level in SP knockout (SPKO) mice. Intriguingly, the remaining mGluR-LTD becomes a protein synthesis-independent process in the SPKO and is mediated instead by endocannabinoid signaling. These data show for the first time that the postsynaptic protein SP can regulate the locus of expression of mGluR-LTD and provide insight to our understanding of spine/synapse-specific plasticity. Significance statement Hippocampal group I metabotropic glutamate receptor dependent long-term depression (mGluR-LTD), a form of learning and memory, is misregulated in many murine models of neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite extensive studies there is a paucity of information on the molecular mechanism underlying mGluR-LTD. Previously, we reported that loss of synaptopodin, an actin-associated protein found in a subset of mature dendritic spines, impairs mGluR-LTD. In the current study, we uncover the molecular and cellular deficits involved. We find that synaptopodin is required for the mGluR5-Homer interaction and uncover synaptopodin as a molecular switch for mGluR-LTD expression, as mGluR-LTD becomes protein synthesis-independent and relies on endocannabinoid signaling in synaptopodin knock-out. This work provides insight into synaptopodin as a gatekeeper to regulate mGluR-LTD at hippocampal synapses.
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Mango D, Ledonne A. Updates on the Physiopathology of Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGluRI)-Dependent Long-Term Depression. Cells 2023; 12:1588. [PMID: 37371058 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRI), including mGluR1 and mGluR5 subtypes, modulate essential brain functions by affecting neuronal excitability, intracellular calcium dynamics, protein synthesis, dendritic spine formation, and synaptic transmission and plasticity. Nowadays, it is well appreciated that the mGluRI-dependent long-term depression (LTD) of glutamatergic synaptic transmission (mGluRI-LTD) is a key mechanism by which mGluRI shapes connectivity in various cerebral circuitries, directing complex brain functions and behaviors, and that it is deranged in several neurological and psychiatric illnesses, including neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychopathologies. Here, we will provide an updated overview of the physiopathology of mGluRI-LTD, by describing mechanisms of induction and regulation by endogenous mGluRI interactors, as well as functional physiological implications and pathological deviations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalila Mango
- School of Pharmacy, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Pharmacology of Synaptic Plasticity, European Brain Research Institute, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ada Ledonne
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
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Samadi M, Hales CA, Lustberg DJ, Farris S, Ross MR, Zhao M, Hepler JR, Harbin NH, Robinson ESJ, Banks PJ, Bashir ZI, Dudek SM. Mechanisms of mGluR-dependent plasticity in hippocampal area CA2. Hippocampus 2023; 33:730-744. [PMID: 36971428 PMCID: PMC10213158 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Pyramidal cells in hippocampal area CA2 have synaptic properties that are distinct from the other CA subregions. Notably, this includes a lack of typical long-term potentiation of stratum radiatum synapses. CA2 neurons express high levels of several known and potential regulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-dependent signaling including Striatal-Enriched Tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) and several Regulator of G-protein Signaling (RGS) proteins, yet the functions of these proteins in regulating mGluR-dependent synaptic plasticity in CA2 are completely unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine mGluR-dependent synaptic depression and to determine whether STEP and the RGS proteins RGS4 and RGS14 are involved. Using whole cell voltage-clamp recordings from mouse pyramidal cells, we found that mGluR agonist-induced long-term depression (mGluR-LTD) is more pronounced in CA2 compared with that observed in CA1. This mGluR-LTD in CA2 was found to be protein synthesis and STEP dependent, suggesting that CA2 mGluR-LTD shares mechanistic processes with those seen in CA1, but in addition, RGS14, but not RGS4, was essential for mGluR-LTD in CA2. In addition, we found that exogenous application of STEP could rescue mGluR-LTD in RGS14 KO slices. Supporting a role for CA2 synaptic plasticity in social cognition, we found that RGS14 KO mice had impaired social recognition memory as assessed in a social discrimination task. These results highlight possible roles for mGluRs, RGS14, and STEP in CA2-dependent behaviors, perhaps by biasing the dominant form of synaptic plasticity away from LTP and toward LTD in CA2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Samadi
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity Walk, University of BristolBristolUKBS8 1TD
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH)111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth Carolina27709USA
- Present address:
Faculty Education Office, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Wolfson Education CentreLondonUKW12 0NN
| | - Claire A. Hales
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity Walk, University of BristolBristolUKBS8 1TD
- Present address:
Department of Psychology, Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British Columbia2215, Wesbrook MallVancouverBritish ColumbiaV6T 1Z3Canada
| | - Daniel J. Lustberg
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH)111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth Carolina27709USA
- Present address:
Mouse Pharmacology GroupPsychogenics Inc215 College RoadParamusNew Jersey07652USA
| | - Shannon Farris
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH)111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth Carolina27709USA
- Present address:
Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia TechRoanokeVirginia24014USA
| | - Madeleine R. Ross
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH)111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth Carolina27709USA
| | - Meilan Zhao
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH)111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth Carolina27709USA
| | - John R. Hepler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical BiologyEmory University School of Medicine100 Woodruff CircleAtlantaGeorgia30322USA
| | - Nicholas H. Harbin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical BiologyEmory University School of Medicine100 Woodruff CircleAtlantaGeorgia30322USA
| | - Emma S. J. Robinson
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity Walk, University of BristolBristolUKBS8 1TD
| | - Paul J. Banks
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity Walk, University of BristolBristolUKBS8 1TD
| | - Zafar I. Bashir
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Biomedical Sciences BuildingUniversity Walk, University of BristolBristolUKBS8 1TD
| | - Serena M. Dudek
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIH)111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle ParkDurhamNorth Carolina27709USA
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Iba M, Kim C, Kwon S, Szabo M, Horan-Portelance L, Peer CJ, Figg WD, Reed X, Ding J, Lee SJ, Rissman RA, Cookson MR, Overk C, Wrasidlo W, Masliah E. Inhibition of p38α MAPK restores neuronal p38γ MAPK and ameliorates synaptic degeneration in a mouse model of DLB/PD. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq6089. [PMID: 37163617 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq6089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Activation of the p38α MAPK isoform and mislocalization of the p38γ MAPK isoform are associated with neuroinflammation and synaptic degeneration in DLB and PD. Therefore, we hypothesized that p38α might be associated with neuronal p38γ distribution and synaptic dysfunction in these diseases. To test this hypothesis, we treated in vitro cellular and in vivo mouse models of DLB/PD with SKF-86002, a compound that attenuates inflammation by inhibiting p38α/β, and then investigated the effects of this compound on p38γ and neurodegenerative pathology. We found that inhibition of p38α reduced neuroinflammation and ameliorated synaptic, neurodegenerative, and motor behavioral deficits in transgenic mice overexpressing human α-synuclein. Moreover, treatment with SKF-86002 promoted the redistribution of p38γ to synapses and reduced the accumulation of α-synuclein in mice overexpressing human α-synuclein. Supporting the potential value of targeting p38 in DLB/PD, we found that SKF-86002 promoted the redistribution of p38γ in neurons differentiated from iPS cells derived from patients with familial PD (carrying the A53T α-synuclein mutation) and healthy controls. Treatment with SKF-86002 ameliorated α-synuclein-induced neurodegeneration in these neurons only when microglia were pretreated with this compound. However, direct treatment of neurons with SKF-86002 did not affect α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity, suggesting that SKF-86002 treatment inhibits α-synuclein-induced neurotoxicity mediated by microglia. These findings provide a mechanistic connection between p38α and p38γ as well as a rationale for targeting this pathway in DLB/PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyo Iba
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Changyoun Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Somin Kwon
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marcell Szabo
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Liam Horan-Portelance
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cody J Peer
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - William D Figg
- Clinical Pharmacology Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Xylena Reed
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Computational Biology Group, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Neuroscience Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert A Rissman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mark R Cookson
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Cell Biology and Gene Expression Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cassia Overk
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wolf Wrasidlo
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Eliezer Masliah
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Molecular Neuropathology Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
- Division of Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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6
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Ojea Ramos S, Feld M, Fustiñana MS. Contributions of extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1/2 activity to the memory trace. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:988790. [PMID: 36277495 PMCID: PMC9580372 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.988790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to learn from experience and consequently adapt our behavior is one of the most fundamental capacities enabled by complex and plastic nervous systems. Next to cellular and systems-level changes, learning and memory formation crucially depends on molecular signaling mechanisms. In particular, the extracellular-signal regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK), historically studied in the context of tumor growth and proliferation, has been shown to affect synaptic transmission, regulation of neuronal gene expression and protein synthesis leading to structural synaptic changes. However, to what extent the effects of ERK are specifically related to memory formation and stabilization, or merely the result of general neuronal activation, remains unknown. Here, we review the signals leading to ERK activation in the nervous system, the subcellular ERK targets associated with learning-related plasticity, and how neurons with activated ERK signaling may contribute to the formation of the memory trace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Ojea Ramos
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Feld
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Mariana Feld,
| | - María Sol Fustiñana
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
- María Sol Fustiñana,
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Chen J, Ding Q, An L, Wang H. Ca2+-stimulated adenylyl cyclases as therapeutic targets for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:949384. [PMID: 36188604 PMCID: PMC9523369 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.949384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the main secondary messengers, cyclic AMP (cAMP) and Ca2+ trigger intracellular signal transduction cascade and, in turn, regulate many aspects of cellular function in developing and mature neurons. The group I adenylyl cyclase (ADCY, also known as AC) isoforms, including ADCY1, 3, and 8 (also known as AC1, AC3, and AC8), are stimulated by Ca2+ and thus functionally positioned to integrate cAMP and Ca2+ signaling. Emerging lines of evidence have suggested the association of the Ca2+-stimulated ADCYs with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and autism. In this review, we discuss the molecular and cellular features as well as the physiological functions of ADCY1, 3, and 8. We further discuss the recent therapeutic development to target the Ca2+-stimulated ADCYs for potential treatments of psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Purushotham SS, Reddy NMN, D'Souza MN, Choudhury NR, Ganguly A, Gopalakrishna N, Muddashetty R, Clement JP. A perspective on molecular signalling dysfunction, its clinical relevance and therapeutics in autism spectrum disorder. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:2525-2567. [PMID: 36063192 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06448-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are neurodevelopmental disorders that have become a primary clinical and social concern, with a prevalence of 2-3% in the population. Neuronal function and behaviour undergo significant malleability during the critical period of development that is found to be impaired in ID/ASD. Human genome sequencing studies have revealed many genetic variations associated with ASD/ID that are further verified by many approaches, including many mouse and other models. These models have facilitated the identification of fundamental mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ASD/ID, and several studies have proposed converging molecular pathways in ASD/ID. However, linking the mechanisms of the pathogenic genes and their molecular characteristics that lead to ID/ASD has progressed slowly, hampering the development of potential therapeutic strategies. This review discusses the possibility of recognising the common molecular causes for most ASD/ID based on studies from the available models that may enable a better therapeutic strategy to treat ID/ASD. We also reviewed the potential biomarkers to detect ASD/ID at early stages that may aid in diagnosis and initiating medical treatment, the concerns with drug failure in clinical trials, and developing therapeutic strategies that can be applied beyond a particular mutation associated with ASD/ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha S Purushotham
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Neeharika M N Reddy
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Michelle Ninochka D'Souza
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science Campus, CV Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560 012, India.,The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - Nilpawan Roy Choudhury
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Anusa Ganguly
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Niharika Gopalakrishna
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India
| | - Ravi Muddashetty
- Centre for Brain Research, Indian Institute of Science Campus, CV Raman Avenue, Bangalore, 560 012, India.,The University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bangalore, 560064, India
| | - James P Clement
- Neuroscience Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru, 560064, India.
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Xia J, Dou Y, Mei Y, Munoz FM, Gao R, Gao X, Li D, Osei-Owusu P, Schiffenhaus J, Bekker A, Tao YX, Hu H. Orai1 is a crucial downstream partner of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling in dorsal horn neurons. Pain 2022; 163:652-664. [PMID: 34252911 PMCID: PMC8741882 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (group I mGluRs) have been implicated in several central nervous system diseases including chronic pain. It is known that activation of group I mGluRs results in the production of inositol triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol that leads to activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and an increase in neuronal excitability, but how group I mGluRs mediate this process remains unclear. We previously reported that Orai1 is responsible for store-operated calcium entry and plays a key role in central sensitization. However, how Orai1 is activated under physiological conditions is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that group I mGluRs recruit Orai1 as part of its downstream signaling pathway in dorsal horn neurons. We demonstrate that neurotransmitter glutamate induces STIM1 puncta formation, which is not mediated by N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. Glutamate-induced Ca2+ entry in the presence of NMDA or AMPA receptor antagonists is eliminated in Orai1-deficient neurons. Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) (an agonist of group I mGluRs)-induced Ca2+ entry is abolished by Orai1 deficiency, but not affected by knocking down of transient receptor potential cation channel 1 (TRPC1) or TRPC3. Dihydroxyphenylglycine-induced activation of ERKs and modulation of neuronal excitability are abolished in cultured Orai1-deficient neurons. Moreover, DHPG-induced nociceptive behavior is markedly reduced in Orai1-deficient mice. Our findings reveal previously unknown functional coupling between Orai1 and group I mGluRs and shed light on the mechanism underlying group I mGluRs-mediated neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Yannong Dou
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Yixiao Mei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Frances M. Munoz
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Ruby Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Xinghua Gao
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - Daling Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Patrick Osei-Owusu
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
| | - James Schiffenhaus
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Alex Bekker
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yuan-Xiang Tao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Huijuan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102
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Brown J, Iacovelli L, Di Cicco G, Grayson B, Rimmer L, Fletcher J, Neill JC, Wall MJ, Ngomba RT, Harte M. The comparative effects of mGlu5 receptor positive allosteric modulators VU0409551 and VU0360172 on cognitive deficits and signalling in the sub-chronic PCP rat model for schizophrenia. Neuropharmacology 2022; 208:108982. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.108982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Membrane trafficking and positioning of mGluRs at presynaptic and postsynaptic sites of excitatory synapses. Neuropharmacology 2021; 200:108799. [PMID: 34592242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The plethora of functions of glutamate in the brain are mediated by the complementary actions of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The ionotropic glutamate receptors carry most of the fast excitatory transmission, while mGluRs modulate transmission on longer timescales by triggering multiple intracellular signaling pathways. As such, mGluRs mediate critical aspects of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Interestingly, at synapses, mGluRs operate at both sides of the cleft, and thus bidirectionally exert the effects of glutamate. At postsynaptic sites, group I mGluRs act to modulate excitability and plasticity. At presynaptic sites, group II and III mGluRs act as auto-receptors, modulating release properties in an activity-dependent manner. Thus, synaptic mGluRs are essential signal integrators that functionally couple presynaptic and postsynaptic mechanisms of transmission and plasticity. Understanding how these receptors reach the membrane and are positioned relative to the presynaptic glutamate release site are therefore important aspects of synapse biology. In this review, we will discuss the currently known mechanisms underlying the trafficking and positioning of mGluRs at and around synapses, and how these mechanisms contribute to synaptic functioning. We will highlight outstanding questions and present an outlook on how recent technological developments will move this exciting research field forward.
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12
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Choi WM, Ryu T, Lee JH, Shim YR, Kim MH, Kim HH, Kim YE, Yang K, Kim K, Choi SE, Kim W, Kim SH, Eun HS, Jeong WI. Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 in Natural Killer Cells Attenuates Liver Fibrosis by Exerting Cytotoxicity to Activated Stellate Cells. Hepatology 2021; 74:2170-2185. [PMID: 33932306 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The important roles of glutamate and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in HSCs have recently been reported in various liver diseases; however, the mechanism linking the glutamine/glutamate metabolism and mGluR5 in liver fibrosis remains unclear. Here, we report that mGluR5 activation in natural killer (NK) cells attenuates liver fibrosis through increased cytotoxicity and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production in both mice and humans. APPROACH AND RESULTS Following 2-week injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) or 5-week methionine-deficient and choline-deficient diet, liver fibrosis was more aggravated in mGluR5 knockout mice with significantly decreased frequency of NK cells compared with wild-type mice. Consistently, NK cell-specific mGluR5 knockout mice had aggravated CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis with decreased production of IFN-γ. Conversely, in vitro activation of mGluR5 in NK cells significantly increased the expression of anti-fibrosis-related genes including Ifng, Prf1 (perforin), and Klrk1 (killer cell lectin like receptor K1) and the production of IFN-γ through the mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase pathway, contributing to the increased cytotoxicity against activated HSCs. However, we found that the uptake of glutamate was increased in activated HSCs, resulting in shortage of extracellular glutamate and reduced stimulation of mGluR5 in NK cells. Consequently, this could enable HSCs to evade NK cell cytotoxicity in advanced liver fibrosis. In vivo, pharmacologic activation of mGluR5 accelerated CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis regression by restoring NK cell cytotoxicity. In humans, mGluR5 activation enhanced the cytotoxicity of NK cells isolated from healthy donors, but not from patients with cirrhosis with significantly reduced mGluR5 expression in NK cells. CONCLUSIONS mGluR5 plays important roles in attenuating liver fibrosis by augmenting NK cell cytotoxicity, which could be used as a potential therapeutic target for liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Mook Choi
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Department of Gastroenterology, Liver Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tom Ryu
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hee Lee
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ri Shim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ho Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye Eun Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Keungmo Yang
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyurae Kim
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Choi
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hwan Kim
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk Soo Eun
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Il Jeong
- Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Center, KAIST, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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13
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Rodríguez-Manzo G, González-Morales E, Garduño-Gutiérrez R. Endocannabinoids Released in the Ventral Tegmental Area During Copulation to Satiety Modulate Changes in Glutamate Receptors Associated With Synaptic Plasticity Processes. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2021; 13:701290. [PMID: 34483875 PMCID: PMC8416467 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2021.701290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocannabinoids modulate mesolimbic (MSL) dopamine (DA) neurons firing at the ventral tegmental area (VTA). These neurons are activated by copulation, increasing DA release in nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Copulation to satiety in male rats implies repeated ejaculation within a short period (around 2.5 h), during which NAcc dopamine concentrations remain elevated, suggesting continuous neuronal activation. During the 72 h that follow copulation to satiety, males exhibit long-lasting changes suggestive of brain plasticity processes. Enhanced DA neuron activity triggers the synthesis and release of endocannabinoids (eCBs) in the VTA, which participate in several long-term synaptic plasticity processes. Blockade of cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1Rs) during copulation to satiety interferes with the appearance of the plastic changes. Glutamatergic inputs to the VTA express CB1Rs and contribute to DA neuron burst firing and synaptic plasticity. We hypothesized that eCBs, released during copulation to satiety, would activate VTA CB1Rs and modulate synaptic plasticity processes involving glutamatergic transmission. To test this hypothesis, we determined changes in VTA CB1R density, phosphorylation, and internalization in rats that copulated to satiety 24 h earlier as compared both to animals that ejaculated only once and to sexually experienced unmated males. Changes in glutamate AMPAR and NMDAR densities and subunit composition and in ERK1/2 activation were determined in the VTA of males that copulated to satiety in the presence or absence of AM251, a CB1R antagonist. The CB1R density decreased and the proportion of phosphorylated CB1Rs increased in the animals that copulated compared to control rats. The CB1R internalization was detected only in sexually satiated males. A decrease in α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionate receptor (AMPAR) density, blocked by AM251 pretreatment, and an increase in the proportion of GluA2-AMPARs occurred in sexually satiated rats. GluN2A- N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) expression decreased, and GluN2B-NMDARs increased in these animals, both of which were prevented by AM251 pre-treatment. An increase in phosphorylated ERK1/2 emerged in males copulating to satiety in the presence of AM251. Results demonstrate that during copulation to satiety, eCBs activate CB1Rs in the VTA, producing changes in glutamate receptors compatible with a reduced neuronal activation. These changes could play a role in the induction of the long-lasting physiological changes that characterize sexually satiated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Rodríguez-Manzo
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-Sede Sur), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Estefanía González-Morales
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-Sede Sur), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - René Garduño-Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav-Sede Sur), Ciudad de México, Mexico
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14
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Wang Y, Gu L, Yang HM, Zhang H. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-associated ligand protects dopaminergic neurons by differentially regulating metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the progression of neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease model. Neurotoxicology 2021; 84:14-29. [PMID: 33571554 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Due to limitations in early diagnosis and treatments of Parkinson's disease (PD), it is necessary to explore the neuropathological changes that occur early in PD progression and to design neuroprotective therapies to prevent or delay the ongoing degeneration process. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) has shown both diagnostic and therapeutic potential in preclinical studies on PD. Clinical trials using mGlu5 negative allosteric modulators to treat PD have, however, raised limitations about the neuroprotective role of mGlu5. It is likely that mGlu5 has different regulatory roles in different stages of PD. Here, we investigated a protective role of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator-associated ligand (CAL) in the progression of PD by differential regulation of mGlu5 expression and activity to protect against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity. Following treatment with 6-OHDA, mGlu5 and CAL expressions were elevated in the early stage and reduced in the late stage, both in vitro and in vivo. Activation of mGlu5 in the early stage by (RS)-2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine, or blocking mGlu5 in the late stage by 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl) pyridine, increased cell survival and inhibited apoptosis, but these effects were significantly weakened by knockdown of CAL. CAL alleviated 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity by regulating mGlu5-mediated signaling pathways, thereby maintaining the physiological function of mGlu5 in different disease stages. In PD rat model, CAL deficiency aggravated 6-OHDA toxicity on dopaminergic neurons and increased motor dysfunction because of lack of regulation of mGlu5 activity. These data reveal a potential mechanism by which CAL specifically regulates the opposite activity of mGlu5 in progression of PD to protect against neurotoxicity, suggesting that CAL is a favorable endogenous target for the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Li Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hui Min Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, China.
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15
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Optineurin deletion disrupts metabotropic glutamate receptor 5-mediated regulation of ERK1/2, GSK3β/ZBTB16, mTOR/ULK1 signaling in autophagy. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 185:114427. [PMID: 33513340 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Optineurin (OPTN) is a multifunctional protein that mediates a network of cellular processes regulating membrane trafficking, inflammatory responses and autophagy. The OPTN-rich interactome includes Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1 and 5), members of the Gαq/11 protein receptor family. Recent evidence has shown that mGluR5, in addition to its canonical Gαq/11 protein-coupled signaling, regulates autophagic machinery via mTOR/ULK1 and GSK3β/ZBTB16 pathways in both Alzheimer's and Huntington's disease mouse models. Despite its potential involvement, the role of OPTN in mediating mGluR5 downstream signaling cascades remains largely unknown. Here, we employed a CRISPR/Cas9 OPTN-deficient STHdhQ7/Q7 striatal cell line and global OPTN knockout mice to investigate whether Optn gene deletion alters both mGluR5 canonical and noncanonical signaling. We find that OPTN is required for mGluR5-activated Ca2+ flux and ERK1/2 signaling following receptor activation in STHdhQ7/Q7 cells and acute hippocampal slices. Deletion of OPTN impairs both GSK3β/ZBTB16 and mTOR/ULK1 autophagic signaling in STHdhQ7/Q7 cells. Furthermore, mGluR5-dependent regulation of GSK3β/ZBTB16 and mTOR/ULK1 autophagic signaling is impaired in hippocampal slices of OPTN knockout mice. Overall, we show that the crosstalk between OPTN and mGluR5 can have major implication on receptor signaling and therefore potentially contribute to the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
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16
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Dissociation of functional and structural plasticity of dendritic spines during NMDAR and mGluR-dependent long-term synaptic depression in wild-type and fragile X model mice. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4652-4669. [PMID: 32606374 PMCID: PMC8095717 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0821-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Many neurodevelopmental disorders are characterized by impaired functional synaptic plasticity and abnormal dendritic spine morphology, but little is known about how these are related. Previous work in the Fmr1-/y mouse model of fragile X (FX) suggests that increased constitutive dendritic protein synthesis yields exaggerated mGluR5-dependent long-term synaptic depression (LTD) in area CA1 of the hippocampus, but an effect on spine structural plasticity remains to be determined. In the current study, we used simultaneous electrophysiology and time-lapse two photon imaging to examine how spines change their structure during LTD induced by activation of mGluRs or NMDA receptors (NMDARs), and how this plasticity is altered in Fmr1-/y mice. We were surprised to find that mGluR activation causes LTD and AMPA receptor internalization, but no spine shrinkage in either wildtype or Fmr1-/y mice. In contrast, NMDAR activation caused spine shrinkage as well as LTD in both genotypes. Spine shrinkage was initiated by non-ionotropic (metabotropic) signaling through NMDARs, and in wild-type mice this structural plasticity required activation of mTORC1 and new protein synthesis. In striking contrast, NMDA-induced spine plasticity in Fmr1-/y mice was no longer dependent on acute activation of mTORC1 or de novo protein synthesis. These findings reveal that the structural consequences of mGluR and metabotropic NMDAR activation differ, and that a brake on spine structural plasticity, normally provided by mTORC1 regulation of protein synthesis, is absent in FX. Increased constitutive protein synthesis in FX appears to modify functional and structural plasticity induced through different glutamate receptors.
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17
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Li L, Zou Y, Liu B, Yang R, Yang J, Sun M, Li Z, Xu X, Li G, Liu S, Greffrath W, Treede RD, Li G, Liang S. Contribution of the P2X4 Receptor in Rat Hippocampus to the Comorbidity of Chronic Pain and Depression. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:4387-4397. [PMID: 33284579 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus is an important region for the interaction between depression and pain. Studies show that the P2X4 receptor plays key role in neuropathic pain. This work investigated the potential implication of the P2X4 receptor in the hippocampus in comorbidity of chronic pain and depression. The rat model induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) plus unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) was used in this study. Our data showed that CCI plus UCMS treatment resulted in abnormal changes in pain and depressive-like behaviors in the rat, accompanied by the upregulated expression of P2X4, NLRP3 (NOD-like receptor protein 3) inflammasome, and interleukin-1β and the activation of p38 MAPK in the hippocampus. The P2X4 antagonist 5-BDBD reversed these abnormal changes in the hippocampus, relieved hippocampal neuronal damage, and alleviated the abnormal pain and depressive-like behaviors in the CCI plus UCMS treated rats. These findings suggest that the P2X4 receptor in the hippocampus may mediate and significantly contribute to the pathological processes of comorbid pain and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zou
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baoe Liu
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Runan Yang
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjian Yang
- Queen Marie College of Nanchang University, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minghao Sun
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zijing Li
- Medical School of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Xu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guilin Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangmei Liu
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wolfgang Greffrath
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Rolf-Detlef Treede
- Department of Neurophysiology, Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Guodong Li
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shangdong Liang
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory of Physiology Department, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomic Nervous Function and Disease, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, People’s Republic of China
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18
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van Gelder CAGH, Penning R, Veth TS, Catsburg LAE, Hoogenraad CC, MacGillavry HD, Altelaar M. Temporal Quantitative Proteomics of mGluR-induced Protein Translation and Phosphorylation in Neurons. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1952-1968. [PMID: 32912969 PMCID: PMC7710149 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.002199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
At neuronal synapses, activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1/5) triggers a form of long-term depression (mGluR-LTD) that relies on new protein synthesis and the internalization of AMPA-type glutamate receptors. Dysregulation of these processes has been implicated in the development of mental disorders such as autism spectrum disorders and therefore merit a better understanding on a molecular level. Here, to study mGluR-induced signaling pathways, we integrated quantitative phosphoproteomics with the analyses of newly synthesized proteins via bio-orthogonal amino acids (azidohomoalanine) in a pulsed labeling strategy in cultured hippocampal neurons stimulated with DHPG, a specific agonist for group I mGluRs. We identified several kinases with important roles in DHPG-induced mGluR activation, which we confirmed using small molecule kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, changes in the AMPA receptor endocytosis pathway in both protein synthesis and protein phosphorylation were identified, whereby Intersectin-1 was validated as a novel player in this pathway. This study revealed several new insights into the molecular pathways downstream of group I mGluR activation in hippocampal neurons, and provides a rich resource for further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A G H van Gelder
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Penning
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tim S Veth
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa A E Catsburg
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harold D MacGillavry
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Netherlands Proteomics Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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19
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Dhuriya YK, Sharma D. Neuronal Plasticity: Neuronal Organization is Associated with Neurological Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1684-1701. [PMID: 32504405 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli from stressful events, attention in the classroom, and many other experiences affect the functionality of the brain by changing the structure or reorganizing the connections between neurons and their communication. Modification of the synaptic transmission is a vital mechanism for generating neural activity via internal or external stimuli. Neuronal plasticity is an important driving force in neuroscience research, as it is the basic process underlying learning and memory and is involved in many other functions including brain development and homeostasis, sensorial training, and recovery from brain injury. Indeed, neuronal plasticity has been explored in numerous studies, but it is still not clear how neuronal plasticity affects the physiology and morphology of the brain. Thus, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of neuronal plasticity is essential for understanding the operation of brain functions. In this timeline review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying different forms of synaptic plasticity and their association with neurodegenerative/neurological disorders as a consequence of alterations in neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar Dhuriya
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Divakar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India. .,CRF, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Kusuma School of Biological Sciences (KSBS), Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi (IIT-D), Delhi, 110016, India.
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20
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McCamphill PK, Stoppel LJ, Senter RK, Lewis MC, Heynen AJ, Stoppel DC, Sridhar V, Collins KA, Shi X, Pan JQ, Madison J, Cottrell JR, Huber KM, Scolnick EM, Holson EB, Wagner FF, Bear MF. Selective inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3α corrects pathophysiology in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaam8572. [PMID: 32434848 PMCID: PMC8095719 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aam8572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome is caused by FMR1 gene silencing and loss of the encoded fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), which binds to mRNA and regulates translation. Studies in the Fmr1-/y mouse model of fragile X syndrome indicate that aberrant cerebral protein synthesis downstream of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) signaling contributes to disease pathogenesis, but clinical trials using mGluR5 inhibitors were not successful. Animal studies suggested that treatment with lithium might be an alternative approach. Targets of lithium include paralogs of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), and nonselective small-molecule inhibitors of these enzymes improved disease phenotypes in a fragile X syndrome mouse model. However, the potential therapeutic use of GSK3 inhibitors has been hampered by toxicity arising from inhibition of both α and β paralogs. Recently, we developed GSK3 inhibitors with sufficient paralog selectivity to avoid a known toxic consequence of dual inhibition, that is, increased β-catenin stabilization. We show here that inhibition of GSK3α, but not GSK3β, corrected aberrant protein synthesis, audiogenic seizures, and sensory cortex hyperexcitability in Fmr1-/y mice. Although inhibiting either paralog prevented induction of NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD) in the hippocampus, only inhibition of GSK3α impaired mGluR5-dependent and protein synthesis-dependent LTD. Inhibition of GSK3α additionally corrected deficits in learning and memory in Fmr1-/y mice; unlike mGluR5 inhibitors, there was no evidence of tachyphylaxis or enhanced psychotomimetic-induced hyperlocomotion. GSK3α selective inhibitors may have potential as a therapeutic approach for treating fragile X syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick K McCamphill
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Laura J Stoppel
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rebecca K Senter
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Michael C Lewis
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Arnold J Heynen
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David C Stoppel
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vinay Sridhar
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Katie A Collins
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Xi Shi
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jen Q Pan
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jon Madison
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Cottrell
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Kimberly M Huber
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Neuroscience, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Edward M Scolnick
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Edward B Holson
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Florence F Wagner
- Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Mark F Bear
- Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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21
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Role of the TRPC1 Channel in Hippocampal Long-Term Depression and in Spatial Memory Extinction. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051712. [PMID: 32138218 PMCID: PMC7084652 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) are involved in various forms of synaptic plasticity that are believed to underlie declarative memory. We previously showed that mGluR5 specifically activates channels containing TRPC1, an isoform of the canonical family of Transient Receptor Potential channels highly expressed in the CA1-3 regions of the hippocampus. Using a tamoxifen-inducible conditional knockout model, we show here that the acute deletion of the Trpc1 gene alters the extinction of spatial reference memory. mGluR-induced long-term depression, which is partially responsible for memory extinction, was impaired in these mice. Similar results were obtained in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the channel by its most specific inhibitor, Pico145. Among the numerous known postsynaptic pathways activated by type I mGluR, we observed that the deletion of Trpc1 impaired the activation of ERK1/2 and the subsequent expression of Arc, an immediate early gene that plays a key role in AMPA receptors endocytosis and subsequent long-term depression.
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22
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Ledonne A, Mercuri NB. On the Modulatory Roles of Neuregulins/ErbB Signaling on Synaptic Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010275. [PMID: 31906113 PMCID: PMC6981567 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuregulins (NRGs) are a family of epidermal growth factor-related proteins, acting on tyrosine kinase receptors of the ErbB family. NRGs play an essential role in the development of the nervous system, since they orchestrate vital functions such as cell differentiation, axonal growth, myelination, and synapse formation. They are also crucially involved in the functioning of adult brain, by directly modulating neuronal excitability, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. Here, we provide a review of the literature documenting the roles of NRGs/ErbB signaling in the modulation of synaptic plasticity, focusing on evidence reported in the hippocampus and midbrain dopamine (DA) nuclei. The emerging picture shows multifaceted roles of NRGs/ErbB receptors, which critically modulate different forms of synaptic plasticity (LTP, LTD, and depotentiation) affecting glutamatergic, GABAergic, and DAergic synapses, by various mechanisms. Further, we discuss the relevance of NRGs/ErbB-dependent synaptic plasticity in the control of brain processes, like learning and memory and the known involvement of NRGs/ErbB signaling in the modulation of synaptic plasticity in brain’s pathological conditions. Current evidence points to a central role of NRGs/ErbB receptors in controlling glutamatergic LTP/LTD and GABAergic LTD at hippocampal CA3–CA1 synapses, as well as glutamatergic LTD in midbrain DA neurons, thus supporting that NRGs/ErbB signaling is essential for proper brain functions, cognitive processes, and complex behaviors. This suggests that dysregulated NRGs/ErbB-dependent synaptic plasticity might contribute to mechanisms underlying different neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Ledonne
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, no 64, 00143 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +3906-501703160; Fax: +3906-501703307
| | - Nicola B. Mercuri
- Department of Experimental Neuroscience, Santa Lucia Foundation, Via del Fosso di Fiorano, no 64, 00143 Rome, Italy;
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Via Montpellier no 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Chong CH, Li Q, Mak PHS, Ng CCP, Leung EHW, Tan VH, Chan AKW, McAlonan G, Chan SY. Lrrc7 mutant mice model developmental emotional dysregulation that can be alleviated by mGluR5 allosteric modulation. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9:244. [PMID: 31582721 PMCID: PMC6776540 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-019-0580-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
LRRC7 has been identified as a candidate gene for severe childhood emotional dysregulation. Direct experimental evidence for a role of LRRC7 in the disease is needed, as is a better understanding of its impact on neuronal structure and signaling, and hence potential treatment targets. Here, we generated and analyzed an Lrrc7 mutant mouse line. Consistent with a critical role of LRRC7 in emotional regulation, mutant mice had inappropriate juvenile aggressive behavior and significant anxiety-like behavior and social dysfunction in adulthood. The pivotal role of mGluR5 signaling was demonstrated by rescue of behavioral defects with augmentation of mGluR5 receptor activity by 3-Cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)benzamide (CDPPB). Intra-peritoneal injection of CDPPB alleviated abnormal juvenile behavior, as well as anxiety-like behavior and hypersociability at adulthood. Furthermore, mutant primary neurons had impaired neurite outgrowth which was rescued by CDPPB treatment. In conclusion, Lrrc7 mutant mice provide a valuable tool to model childhood emotional dysregulation and persistent mental health comorbidities. Moreover, our data highlight an important role of LRRC7 in mGluR5 signaling, which is a potential new treatment target for anxiety and social dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Ho Chong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Priscilla Hoi Shan Mak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cypress Chun Pong Ng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eva Hin Wa Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vicky Huiqi Tan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anthony Kin Wang Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- The Sackler Centre for Translational Neurodevelopment and The Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, King's College London, The South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Siu Yuen Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Mediated Metaplastic Inhibition of LTP Is Constitutively Engaged in an Alzheimer's Disease Model. J Neurosci 2019; 39:9083-9097. [PMID: 31570539 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1492-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
LTP, a fundamental mechanism of learning and memory, is a highly regulated process. One form of regulation is metaplasticity (i.e., the activity-dependent and long-lasting changes in neuronal state that orchestrate the direction, magnitude, and persistence of future synaptic plasticity). We have previously described a heterodendritic metaplasticity effect, whereby strong high-frequency priming stimulation in stratum oriens inhibits subsequent LTP in the stratum radiatum of hippocampal area CA1, potentially by engagement of the enmeshed astrocytic network. This effect may occur due to neuron-glia interactions in response to priming stimulation that leads to the release of gliotransmitters. Here we found in male rats that TNFα and associated signal transduction enzymes, but not interleukin-1β (IL-1β), were responsible for mediating the metaplasticity effect. Replacing priming stimulation with TNFα incubation reproduced these effects. As TNFα levels are elevated in Alzheimer's disease, we examined whether heterodendritic metaplasticity is dysregulated in a transgenic mouse model of the disease, either before or after amyloid plaque formation. We showed that TNFα and IL-1β levels were significantly increased in aged but not young transgenic mice. Although control LTP was impaired in the young transgenic mice, it was not TNFα-dependent. In the older transgenic mice, however, LTP was impaired in a way that occluded further reduction by heterosynaptic metaplasticity, whereas LTP was entirely rescued by incubation with a TNFα antibody, but not an IL-1β antibody. Thus, TNFα mediates a heterodendritic metaplasticity in healthy rodents that becomes constitutively and selectively engaged in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The proinflammatory cytokine TNFα is known to be capable of inhibiting LTP and is upregulated several-fold in brain tissue, serum, and CSF of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. However, the mechanistic roles played by TNFα in plasticity and AD remain poorly understood. Here we show that TNFα and its downstream signaling molecules p38 MAPK, ERK, and JNK contribute fundamentally to a long-range metaplastic inhibition of LTP in rats. Moreover, the impaired LTP in aged APP/PS1 mice is rescued by incubation with a TNFα antibody. Thus, there is an endogenous engagement of the metaplasticity mechanism in this mouse model of AD, supporting the idea that blocking TNFα might be of therapeutic benefit in the disease.
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25
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Linking NMDA Receptor Synaptic Retention to Synaptic Plasticity and Cognition. iScience 2019; 19:927-939. [PMID: 31518901 PMCID: PMC6742927 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
NMDA receptor (NMDAR) subunit composition plays a pivotal role in synaptic plasticity at excitatory synapses. Still, the mechanisms responsible for the synaptic retention of NMDARs following induction of plasticity need to be fully elucidated. Rabphilin3A (Rph3A) is involved in the stabilization of NMDARs at synapses through the formation of a complex with GluN2A and PSD-95. Here we used different protocols to induce synaptic plasticity in the presence or absence of agents modulating Rph3A function. The use of Forskolin/Rolipram/Picrotoxin cocktail to induce chemical LTP led to synaptic accumulation of Rph3A and formation of synaptic GluN2A/Rph3A complex. Notably, Rph3A silencing or use of peptides interfering with the GluN2A/Rph3A complex blocked LTP induction. Moreover, in vivo disruption of GluN2A/Rph3A complex led to a profound alteration of spatial memory. Overall, our results demonstrate a molecular mechanism needed for NMDAR stabilization at synapses after plasticity induction and to trigger downstream signaling events necessary for cognitive behavior. LTP induces trafficking of Rph3A at synapses and formation of GluN2A/Rph3A complex Disruption of Rph3A/GluN2A complex leads to LTP impairment Rph3A/GluN2A complex is needed for modifications of dendritic spines induced by LTP Disruption of Rph3A/GluN2A complex leads to spatial memory impairment
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26
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Reiner A, Levitz J. Glutamatergic Signaling in the Central Nervous System: Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors in Concert. Neuron 2019; 98:1080-1098. [PMID: 29953871 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2018.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 349] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate serves as both the mammalian brain's primary excitatory neurotransmitter and as a key neuromodulator to control synapse and circuit function over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This functional diversity is decoded by two receptor families: ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). The challenges posed by the complexity and physiological importance of each of these subtypes has limited our appreciation and understanding of how these receptors work in concert. In this review, by comparing both receptor families with a focus on their crosstalk, we argue for a more holistic understanding of neural glutamate signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Reiner
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
| | - Joshua Levitz
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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27
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Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that causes intellectual disability. It is a leading known genetic cause of autism. In addition to cognitive, social, and communication deficits, humans with FXS demonstrate abnormal sensory processing including sensory hypersensitivity. Sensory hypersensitivity commonly manifests as auditory, tactile, or visual defensiveness or avoidance. Clinical, behavioral, and electrophysiological studies consistently show auditory hypersensitivity, impaired habituation to repeated sounds, and reduced auditory attention in humans with FXS. Children with FXS also exhibit significant visuospatial impairments. Studies in infants and toddlers with FXS have documented impairments in processing texture-defined motion stimuli, temporal flicker, perceiving ordinal numerical sequence, and the ability to maintain the identity of dynamic object information during occlusion. Consistent with the observations in humans with FXS, fragile X mental retardation 1 ( Fmr1) gene knockout (KO) rodent models of FXS also show seizures, abnormal visual-evoked responses, auditory hypersensitivity, and abnormal processing at multiple levels of the auditory system, including altered acoustic startle responses. Among other sensory symptoms, individuals with FXS exhibit tactile defensiveness. Fmr1 KO mice also show impaired encoding of tactile stimulation frequency and larger size of receptive fields in the somatosensory cortex. Since sensory deficits are relatively more tractable from circuit mechanisms and developmental perspectives than more complex social behaviors, the focus of this review is on clinical, functional, and structural studies that outline the auditory, visual, and somatosensory processing deficits in FXS. The similarities in sensory phenotypes between humans with FXS and animal models suggest a likely conservation of basic sensory processing circuits across species and may provide a translational platform to not just develop biomarkers but also to understand underlying mechanisms. We argue that preclinical studies in animal models of FXS can facilitate the ongoing search for new therapeutic approaches in FXS by understanding mechanisms of basic sensory processing circuits and behaviors that are conserved across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maham Rais
- 1 Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, CA, USA.,2 Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Devin K Binder
- 1 Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, CA, USA.,2 Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA.,3 Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Khaleel A Razak
- 2 Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA.,3 Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA.,4 Psychology Department, University of California Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Iryna M Ethell
- 1 Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, CA, USA.,2 Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA.,3 Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, CA, USA
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28
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Yousef M, Babür E, Delibaş S, Tan B, Çimen A, Dursun N, Süer C. Adult-Onset Hypothyroidism Alters the Metaplastic Properties of Dentate Granule Cells by Decreasing Akt Phosphorylation. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 68:647-657. [PMID: 31069661 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-019-01323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The expression of homosynaptic long-term depression (LTD) governs the subsequent induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal synapses. This process, called metaplasticity, is associated with a transient increase in the levels of several kinases, such as extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and Akt kinase. It has been increasingly realized that the chemical changes in the hippocampus caused by hypothyroidism may be the key underlying causes of the learning deficits, memory loss, and impaired LTP associated with this disease. However, the functional role of thyroid hormones in the "plasticity of synaptic plasticity" has only begun to be elucidated. To address this issue, we sought to determine whether the administration of 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil (PTU) alters the relationship between priming and the induction of subsequent LTP and related signaling molecules. The activation of ERK1/2, JNK, and Akt was measured in the hippocampus at least 95 min after priming onset. We found that priming stimulation at 5 Hz for 3 s negatively impacted the induction of LTP by subsequent tetanic stimulation in hypothyroid animals, as manifested by a more rapid decrease in the fEPSP slope and population spike amplitude. This phenomenon was accompanied by lower levels of phosphorylated Akt in the surgically removed hippocampus of the hypothyroid rats compared to the euthyroid rats. The metaplastic response and the expression of these proteins in the 1-Hz-primed hippocampus were not different between the two groups. These observations suggest that decreased PI3K/Akt signaling may be involved in the compromised metaplastic regulation of LTP observed in hypothyroidism, which may account for the learning difficulties/cognitive impairments associated with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Yousef
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ercan Babür
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sumeyra Delibaş
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Burak Tan
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşenur Çimen
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Dursun
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Cem Süer
- Physiology department of Medicine, University of Erciyes, Kayseri, Turkey.
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29
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Lee K, Vyas Y, Garner CC, Montgomery JM. Autism‐associated
Shank3
mutations alter mGluR expression and mGluR‐dependent but not NMDA receptor‐dependent long‐term depression. Synapse 2019; 73:e22097. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.22097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Lee
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Brain Research University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Yukti Vyas
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Brain Research University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Craig C. Garner
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Johanna M. Montgomery
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Brain Research University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
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30
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Pang KKL, Sharma M, Sajikumar S. Epigenetics and memory: Emerging role of histone lysine methyltransferase G9a/GLP complex as bidirectional regulator of synaptic plasticity. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 159:1-5. [PMID: 30703547 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Various epigenetic modifications, including histone lysine methylation, play an integral role in learning and memory. The importance of the histone lysine methyltransferase complex G9a/GLP and its associated histone H3 lysine K9 dimethylation in memory formation and cognition, has garnered the attention of researchers in the past decade. Recent studies feature G9a/GLP as the 'bidirectional regulator of synaptic plasticity', the neural correlate of memory. As the 'title' suggests, G9a/GLP participates in the maintenance of both long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). This complex is demonstrated to mostly suppress LTP-related plasticity-related products (PRPs). Notably, our recent paper also shows that G9a/GLP facilitates LTD maintenance in intact hippocampal slices - shedding light on the overlooked influence of epigenetics on LTD. Although the exact mechanisms of G9a/GLP activity regulation in cognition remain elusive, pharmacological inhibition of G9a/GLP presents a new avenue of therapeutic intervention in epigenetic dysfunction-related cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Ka Lam Pang
- Department of Physiology, 2 Medical Drive, MD9, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Neurobiology/Aging Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Mahima Sharma
- Department of Physiology, 2 Medical Drive, MD9, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Neurobiology/Aging Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore; Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, 160 Convent Ave, New York, NY 10031, United States
| | - Sreedharan Sajikumar
- Department of Physiology, 2 Medical Drive, MD9, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117593, Singapore; Neurobiology/Aging Programme, Life Sciences Institute, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, Singapore 117456, Singapore.
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31
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Abstract
The MAPK pathway is a prominent intracellular signaling pathway regulating various intracellular functions. Components of this pathway are mutated in a related collection of congenital syndromes collectively referred to as neuro-cardio-facio-cutaneous syndromes (NCFC) or Rasopathies. Recently, it has been appreciated that these disorders are associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In addition, idiopathic ASD has also implicated the MAPK signaling cascade as a common pathway that is affected by many of the genetic variants that have been found to be linked to ASDs. This chapter describes the components of the MAPK pathway and how it is regulated. Furthermore, this chapter will highlight the various functions of the MAPK pathway during both embryonic development of the central nervous system (CNS) and its roles in neuronal physiology and ultimately, behavior. Finally, we will summarize the perturbations to MAPK signaling in various models of autism spectrum disorders and Rasopathies to highlight how dysregulation of this pivotal pathway may contribute to the pathogenesis of autism.
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32
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Costa L, Sardone LM, Bonaccorso CM, D'Antoni S, Spatuzza M, Gulisano W, Tropea MR, Puzzo D, Leopoldo M, Lacivita E, Catania MV, Ciranna L. Activation of Serotonin 5-HT 7 Receptors Modulates Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity by Stimulation of Adenylate Cyclases and Rescues Learning and Behavior in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 11:353. [PMID: 30333723 PMCID: PMC6176069 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that activation of serotonin 5-HT7 receptors (5-HT7R) reverses metabotropic glutamate receptor-mediated long term depression (mGluR-LTD) in the hippocampus of wild-type (WT) and Fmr1 Knockout (KO) mice, a model of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) in which mGluR-LTD is abnormally enhanced. Here, we have investigated intracellular mechanisms underlying the effect of 5-HT7R activation using patch clamp on hippocampal slices. Furthermore, we have tested whether in vivo administration of LP-211, a selective 5-HT7R agonist, can rescue learning and behavior in Fmr1 KO mice. In the presence of an adenylate cyclase blocker, mGluR-LTD was slightly enhanced in WT and therefore the difference between mGluR-LTD in WT and Fmr1 KO slices was no longer present. Conversely, activation of adenylate cyclase by either forskolin or Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide (PACAP) completely reversed mGluR-LTD in WT and Fmr1 KO. 5-HT7R activation reversed mGluR-LTD in WT and corrected exaggerated mGluR-LTD in Fmr1 KO; this effect was abolished by blockade of either adenylate cyclase or protein kinase A (PKA). Exposure of hippocampal slices to LP-211 caused an increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK), an intracellular effector involved in mGluR-LTD, in WT mice. Conversely, this effect was barely detectable in Fmr1 KO mice, suggesting that 5-HT7R-mediated reversal of mGluR-LTD does not require ERK stimulation. Finally, an acute in vivo administration of LP-211 improved novel object recognition (NOR) performance in WT and Fmr1 KO mice and reduced stereotyped behavior in Fmr1 KO mice. Our results indicate that mGluR-LTD in WT and Fmr1 KO slices is bidirectionally modulated in conditions of either reduced or enhanced cAMP formation. Activation of 5-HT7 receptors reverses mGluR-LTD by activation of the cAMP/PKA intracellular pathway. Importantly, a systemic administration of a 5-HT7R agonist to Fmr1 KO mice corrected learning deficits and repetitive behavior. We suggest that selective 5-HT7R agonists might become novel pharmacological tools for FXS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Lara Maria Sardone
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Simona D'Antoni
- Institute of Neurological Sciences (ISN), National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy
| | | | - Walter Gulisano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Tropea
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Puzzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Enza Lacivita
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Vincenza Catania
- Oasi Research Institute, IRCCS, Troina, Italy.,Institute of Neurological Sciences (ISN), National Research Council (CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Lucia Ciranna
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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33
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Dumbacher M, Van Dooren T, Princen K, De Witte K, Farinelli M, Lievens S, Tavernier J, Dehaen W, Wera S, Winderickx J, Allasia S, Kilonda A, Spieser S, Marchand A, Chaltin P, Hoogenraad CC, Griffioen G. Modifying Rap1-signalling by targeting Pde6δ is neuroprotective in models of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2018; 13:50. [PMID: 30257685 PMCID: PMC6158915 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-018-0283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal Ca2+ dyshomeostasis and hyperactivity play a central role in Alzheimer’s disease pathology and progression. Amyloid-beta together with non-genetic risk-factors of Alzheimer’s disease contributes to increased Ca2+ influx and aberrant neuronal activity, which accelerates neurodegeneration in a feed-forward fashion. As such, identifying new targets and drugs to modulate excessive Ca2+ signalling and neuronal hyperactivity, without overly suppressing them, has promising therapeutic potential. Methods Here we show, using biochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and behavioural tools, that pharmacological modulation of Rap1 signalling by inhibiting its interaction with Pde6δ normalises disease associated Ca2+ aberrations and neuronal activity, conferring neuroprotection in models of Alzheimer’s disease. Results The newly identified inhibitors of the Rap1-Pde6δ interaction counteract AD phenotypes, by reconfiguring Rap1 signalling underlying synaptic efficacy, Ca2+ influx, and neuronal repolarisation, without adverse effects in-cellulo or in-vivo. Thus, modulation of Rap1 by Pde6δ accommodates key mechanisms underlying neuronal activity, and therefore represents a promising new drug target for early or late intervention in neurodegenerative disorders. Conclusion Targeting the Pde6δ-Rap1 interaction has promising therapeutic potential for disorders characterised by neuronal hyperactivity, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13024-018-0283-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dumbacher
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.,Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tom Van Dooren
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Katrien Princen
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Koen De Witte
- reMYND NV, Gaston Geenslaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Mélissa Farinelli
- E-Phy-Science, IPMC, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Sam Lievens
- Orionis Biosciences, Technologiepark 12B, Zwijnaarde-Ghent, 9052, Belgium.,Cytokine Receptor Lab, Flanders Institute of Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Tavernier
- Cytokine Receptor Lab, Flanders Institute of Biotechnology, Medical Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Albert Baertsoenkaai 3, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Dehaen
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200f - box 2404, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Wera
- ViroVet NV, Ambachtenlaan 1, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Joris Winderickx
- Department of Biology, Functional Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31 box 2433, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Sara Allasia
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Amuri Kilonda
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Spieser
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Arnaud Marchand
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium
| | - Patrick Chaltin
- Cistim Leuven vzw, Gaston Geenslaan 2, Leuven-Heverlee, 3001, Belgium.,Center for Drug Design and Development (CD3), KU Leuven, Waaistraat 6, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Casper C Hoogenraad
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, 3584CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Lautz JD, Brown EA, Williams VanSchoiack AA, Smith SEP. Synaptic activity induces input-specific rearrangements in a targeted synaptic protein interaction network. J Neurochem 2018; 146:540-559. [PMID: 29804286 PMCID: PMC6150823 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cells utilize dynamic, network-level rearrangements in highly interconnected protein interaction networks to transmit and integrate information from distinct signaling inputs. Despite the importance of protein interaction network dynamics, the organizational logic underlying information flow through these networks is not well understood. Previously, we developed the quantitative multiplex co-immunoprecipitation platform, which allows for the simultaneous and quantitative measurement of the amount of co-association between large numbers of proteins in shared complexes. Here, we adapt quantitative multiplex co-immunoprecipitation to define the activity-dependent dynamics of an 18-member protein interaction network in order to better understand the underlying principles governing glutamatergic signal transduction. We first establish that immunoprecipitation detected by flow cytometry can detect activity-dependent changes in two known protein-protein interactions (Homer1-mGluR5 and PSD-95-SynGAP). We next demonstrate that neuronal stimulation elicits a coordinated change in our targeted protein interaction network, characterized by the initial dissociation of Homer1 and SynGAP-containing complexes followed by increased associations among glutamate receptors and PSD-95. Finally, we show that stimulation of distinct glutamate receptor types results in different modular sets of protein interaction network rearrangements, and that cells activate both modules in order to integrate complex inputs. This analysis demonstrates that cells respond to distinct types of glutamatergic input by modulating different combinations of protein co-associations among a targeted network of proteins. Our data support a model of synaptic plasticity in which synaptic stimulation elicits dissociation of pre-existing multiprotein complexes, opening binding slots in scaffold proteins and allowing for the recruitment of additional glutamatergic receptors. Open Science: This manuscript was awarded with the Open Materials Badge. For more information see: https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan D Lautz
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Emily A Brown
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Stephen E P Smith
- Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Stefanik MT, Sakas C, Lee D, Wolf ME. Ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors regulate protein translation in co-cultured nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex neurons. Neuropharmacology 2018; 140:62-75. [PMID: 30077883 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of protein translation by glutamate receptors and its role in plasticity have been extensively studied in the hippocampus. In contrast, very little is known about glutamatergic regulation of translation in nucleus accumbens (NAc) medium spiny neurons (MSN), despite their critical role in addiction-related plasticity and recent evidence that protein translation contributes to this plasticity. We used a co-culture system, containing NAc MSNs and prefrontal cortex (PFC) neurons, and fluorescent non-canonical amino acid tagging (FUNCAT) to visualize newly synthesized proteins in neuronal processes of NAc MSNs and PFC pyramidal neurons. First, we verified that the FUNCAT signal reflects new protein translation. Next, we examined the regulation of translation by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and ionotropic glutamate receptors by incubating co-cultures with agonists or antagonists during the 2-h period of non-canonical amino acid labeling. In NAc MSNs, basal translation was modestly reduced by blocking Ca2+-permeable AMPARs whereas blocking all AMPARs or suppressing constitutive mGluR5 signaling enhanced translation. Activating group I mGluRs with dihydroxyphenylglycine increased translation in an mGluR1-dependent manner in NAc MSNs and PFC pyramidal neurons. Disinhibiting excitatory transmission with bicuculline also increased translation. In MSNs, this was reversed by antagonists of mGluR1, mGluR5, AMPARs or NMDARs. In PFC neurons, AMPAR or NMDAR antagonists blocked bicuculline-stimulated translation. Our study, the first to examine glutamatergic regulation of translation in MSNs, demonstrates regulatory mechanisms specific to MSNs that depend on the level of neuronal activation. This sets the stage for understanding how translation may be altered in addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Stefanik
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Courtney Sakas
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Dennis Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Marina E Wolf
- Department of Neuroscience, The Chicago Medical School at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
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36
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Mardani P, Oryan S, Sarihi A, Komaki A, Shojaei A, Dehghan S, Mirnajafi-Zadeh J. ERK activation is required for the antiepileptogenic effect of low frequency electrical stimulation in kindled rats. Brain Res Bull 2018; 140:132-139. [PMID: 29705048 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The signaling pathways involved in the antiepileptogenic effect of low frequency electrical stimulation (LFS) have not been fully understood. In the present study the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade was investigated in mediating the inhibitory effects of LFS on kindled seizures. METHODS Animals received kindling stimulations for seven days (the mean number of stimulation days for achieving stage 5 seizure) according to semi-rapid perforant path kindling protocol (12 stimulations per day at 10 min intervals). LFS (0.1 ms pulse duration at 1 Hz, 800 pulses) was applied at 5 min after the last kindling stimulation every day. During the kindling procedure, FR180204 (inhibitor of ERK) was daily microinjected (1 μg/μl; intracerebroventricular) immediately after the last kindling stimulation and before LFS application. The expression of activated ERK (p-ERK) in the dentate gyrus was also investigated using immunohistochemistry technique. RESULTS Application of LFS at 5 min after the last kindling stimulation had inhibitory effect on kindling rate. FR180204 had no significant effect on seizure parameters when administered at the dose of 1 μg/μl in kindled group of animals. However, microinjection of FR180204 before LFS application reduced the inhibitory effect of LFS on seizure severity and field potential parameters (i.e. the slope of population field excitatory postsynaptic potentials and population spike amplitude) during kindling. FR180204 also blocked the preventing effects of LFS on kindling-induced increase in early (at 10-40 ms intervals) and late (at 300-1000 ms intervals) paired pulse depression. In addition, application of LFS following kindling stimulations increased the expression of p-ERK in the dentate gyrus. CONCLUSION Obtained results showed ERK signaling pathway had important role in mediating the antiepileptogenic effect of LFS in perforant path kindling. These findings represent a promising opportunity to gain insight about LFS mechanism in epilepsy therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parastoo Mardani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shahrbanoo Oryan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir Shojaei
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Dehghan
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mirnajafi-Zadeh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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37
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Group I Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGluRs): Ins and Outs. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1112:163-175. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3065-0_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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38
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Levenga J, Wong H, Milstead RA, Keller BN, LaPlante LE, Hoeffer CA. AKT isoforms have distinct hippocampal expression and roles in synaptic plasticity. eLife 2017; 6:30640. [PMID: 29173281 PMCID: PMC5722612 DOI: 10.7554/elife.30640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AKT is a kinase regulating numerous cellular processes in the brain, and mutations in AKT are known to affect brain function. AKT is indirectly implicated in synaptic plasticity, but its direct role has not been studied. Moreover, three highly related AKT isoforms are expressed in the brain, but their individual roles are poorly understood. We find in Mus musculus, each AKT isoform has a unique expression pattern in the hippocampus, with AKT1 and AKT3 primarily in neurons but displaying local differences, while AKT2 is in astrocytes. We also find isoform-specific roles for AKT in multiple paradigms of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in area CA1. AKT1, but not AKT2 or AKT3, is required for L-LTP through regulating activity-induced protein synthesis. Interestingly, AKT activity inhibits mGluR-LTD, with overlapping functions for AKT1 and AKT3. In summary, our studies identify distinct expression patterns and roles in synaptic plasticity for AKT isoforms in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josien Levenga
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States.,Linda Crnic Institute, Aurora, United States
| | - Helen Wong
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States
| | - Ryan A Milstead
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States
| | - Bailey N Keller
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States
| | - Lauren E LaPlante
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States
| | - Charles A Hoeffer
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States.,Linda Crnic Institute, Aurora, United States.,Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado-Boulder, Boulder, United States
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39
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Stoppel LJ, Auerbach BD, Senter RK, Preza AR, Lefkowitz RJ, Bear MF. β-Arrestin2 Couples Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 to Neuronal Protein Synthesis and Is a Potential Target to Treat Fragile X. Cell Rep 2017; 18:2807-2814. [PMID: 28329674 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic protein synthesis is essential for modification of the brain by experience and is aberrant in several genetically defined disorders, notably fragile X (FX), a heritable cause of autism and intellectual disability. Neural activity directs local protein synthesis via activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5), yet how mGlu5 couples to the intracellular signaling pathways that regulate mRNA translation is poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence that β-arrestin2 mediates mGlu5-stimulated protein synthesis in the hippocampus and show that genetic reduction of β-arrestin2 corrects aberrant synaptic plasticity and cognition in the Fmr1-/y mouse model of FX. Importantly, reducing β-arrestin2 does not induce psychotomimetic activity associated with full mGlu5 inhibitors and does not affect Gq signaling. Thus, in addition to identifying a key requirement for mGlu5-stimulated protein synthesis, these data suggest that β-arrestin2-biased negative modulators of mGlu5 offer significant advantages over first-generation inhibitors for the treatment of FX and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Stoppel
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Benjamin D Auerbach
- The Center for Hearing and Deafness, Department of Communicative Disorders and Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA
| | - Rebecca K Senter
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Anthony R Preza
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert J Lefkowitz
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Mark F Bear
- The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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40
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Sustained Activity of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor: Homer, Arrestin, and Beyond. Neural Plast 2017; 2017:5125624. [PMID: 29359050 PMCID: PMC5735635 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5125624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
When activated, metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlus) exert long-lasting changes within the glutamatergic synapses. One mechanism is a tonic effect of downstream signal transduction pathways via sustained activation of mGlu itself. Like many other G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), mGlu can exist in a constitutively active state, which persists agonist independently. In this paper, we review the current knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the constitutive activity of group I mGlus. The issues concerning Homer1a mechanism in the constitutive activity of group I mGlus and recent findings regarding the significant role of β-arrestin in sustained GPCR activity are also discussed. We propose that once in a state of sustained activation, the mGlu persistently activates downstream signaling pathways, including various adaptor proteins and kinases, such as β-arrestin and mitogen-activated protein kinases. In turn, these effector molecules bind to or phosphorylate the mGlu C-terminal binding domains and consequently regulate the activation state of the mGlu.
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41
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Wilkerson JR, Albanesi JP, Huber KM. Roles for Arc in metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent LTD and synapse elimination: Implications in health and disease. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2017; 77:51-62. [PMID: 28969983 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The Arc gene is robustly transcribed in specific neural ensembles in response to experience-driven activity. Upon induction, Arc mRNA is transported to dendrites, where it can be rapidly and locally translated by activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR1/5). mGluR-induced dendritic synthesis of Arc is implicated in weakening or elimination of excitatory synapses by triggering endocytosis of postsynaptic AMPARs in both hippocampal CA1 and cerebellar Purkinje neurons. Importantly, CA1 neurons with experience-induced Arc mRNA are susceptible, or primed for mGluR-induced long-term synaptic depression (mGluR-LTD). Here we review mechanisms and function of Arc in mGluR-LTD and synapse elimination and propose roles for these forms of plasticity in Arc-dependent formation of sparse neural representations of learned experience. We also discuss accumulating evidence linking dysregulation of Arc and mGluR-LTD in human cognitive disorders such as intellectual disability, autism and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Wilkerson
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Joseph P Albanesi
- Departments of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Kimberly M Huber
- Departments of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States.
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42
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Erickson CA, Davenport MH, Schaefer TL, Wink LK, Pedapati EV, Sweeney JA, Fitzpatrick SE, Brown WT, Budimirovic D, Hagerman RJ, Hessl D, Kaufmann WE, Berry-Kravis E. Fragile X targeted pharmacotherapy: lessons learned and future directions. J Neurodev Disord 2017; 9:7. [PMID: 28616096 PMCID: PMC5467059 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-017-9186-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of fragile X syndrome (FXS) pathophysiology continues to improve and numerous potential drug targets have been identified. Yet, current prescribing practices are only symptom-based in order to manage difficult behaviors, as no drug to date is approved for the treatment of FXS. Drugs impacting a diversity of targets in the brain have been studied in recent FXS-specific clinical trials. While many drugs have focused on regulation of enhanced glutamatergic or deficient GABAergic neurotransmission, compounds studied have not been limited to these mechanisms. As a single-gene disorder, it was thought that FXS would have consistent drug targets that could be modulated with pharmacotherapy and lead to significant improvement. Unfortunately, despite promising results in FXS animal models, translational drug treatment development in FXS has largely failed. Future success in this field will depend on learning from past challenges to improve clinical trial design, choose appropriate outcome measures and age range choices, and find readily modulated drug targets. Even with many negative placebo-controlled study results, the field continues to move forward exploring both the new mechanistic drug approaches combined with ways to improve trial execution. This review summarizes the known phenotype and pathophysiology of FXS and past clinical trial rationale and results, and discusses current challenges facing the field and lessons from which to learn for future treatment development efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig A Erickson
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Matthew H Davenport
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Tori L Schaefer
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
| | - Logan K Wink
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Ernest V Pedapati
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA.,Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Sarah E Fitzpatrick
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
| | - W Ted Brown
- Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, New York, NY USA
| | - Dejan Budimirovic
- Clinical Research Center, Clinical Trials Unit, Fragile X Clinic, Kennedy Krieger Institute, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD USA.,Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Child Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Randi J Hagerman
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California USA
| | - David Hessl
- Medical Investigation of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (MIND) Institute, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, CA USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Davis Medical Center, University of California, Sacramento, California USA
| | - Walter E Kaufmann
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC USA.,Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Elizabeth Berry-Kravis
- Departments of Pediatrics, Neurological Sciences, Biochemistry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois USA
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43
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Schreiber J, Grimbergen LA, Overwater I, Vaart TVD, Stedehouder J, Schuhmacher AJ, Guerra C, Kushner SA, Jaarsma D, Elgersma Y. Mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits in a mouse model for Costello Syndrome are distinct from other RASopathy mouse models. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1256. [PMID: 28455524 PMCID: PMC5430680 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01218-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RASopathies, characterized by germline mutations in genes encoding proteins of the RAS-ERK signaling pathway, show overlapping phenotypes, which manifest themselves with a varying severity of intellectual disability. However, it is unclear to what extent they share the same downstream pathophysiology that underlies the cognitive deficits. Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare RASopathy caused by activating mutations in the HRAS gene. Here we investigated the mechanisms underlying the cognitive deficits of HRas G12V/G12V mice. HRas G12V/G12V mice showed robust upregulation of ERK signaling, neuronal hypertrophy, increased brain volume, spatial learning deficits, and impaired mGluR-dependent long-term depression (LTD). In contrast, long-term potentiation (LTP), which is affected in other RASopathy mouse models was unaffected. Treatment with lovastatin, a HMG-CoA-Reductase inhibitor which has been shown to rescue the behavioral phenotypes of mouse models of NF1 and Noonan syndrome, was unable to restore ERK signaling and the cognitive deficits of HRas G12V/G12V mice. Administration of a potent mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor rescued the ERK upregulation and the mGluR-LTD deficit of HRas G12V/G12V mice, but failed to rescue the cognitive deficits. Taken together, this study indicates that the fundamental molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the cognitive aspects of different RASopathies are remarkably distinct, and may require disease specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Schreiber
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura-Anne Grimbergen
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Overwater
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs van der Vaart
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeffrey Stedehouder
- Department of Psychiatry Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alberto J Schuhmacher
- Molecular Oncology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Guerra
- Molecular Oncology, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Steven A Kushner
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dick Jaarsma
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ype Elgersma
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- ENCORE Expertise Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, 3015, CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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44
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Maksymetz J, Moran SP, Conn PJ. Targeting metabotropic glutamate receptors for novel treatments of schizophrenia. Mol Brain 2017; 10:15. [PMID: 28446243 PMCID: PMC5405554 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-017-0293-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Support for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis of schizophrenia has led to increasing focus on restoring proper glutamatergic signaling as an approach for treatment of this devastating disease. The ability of metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors to modulate glutamatergic neurotransmission has thus attracted considerable attention for the development of novel antipsychotics. Consisting of eight subtypes classified into three groups based on sequence homology, signal transduction, and pharmacology, the mGlu receptors provide a wide range of targets to modulate NMDAR function as well as glutamate release. Recently, allosteric modulators of mGlu receptors have been developed that allow unprecedented selectivity among subtypes, not just groups, facilitating the investigation of the effects of subtype-specific modulation. In preclinical animal models, positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) of the group I mGlu receptor mGlu5 have efficacy across all three symptom domains of schizophrenia (positive, negative, and cognitive). The discovery and development of mGlu5 PAMs that display unique signal bias suggests that efficacy can be retained while avoiding the neurotoxic effects of earlier compounds. Interestingly, mGlu1 negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) appear efficacious in positive symptom models of the disease but are still in early preclinical development. While selective group II mGlu receptor (mGlu2/3) agonists have reached clinical trials but were unsuccessful, specific mGlu2 or mGlu3 receptor targeting still hold great promise. Genetic studies implicated mGlu2 in the antipsychotic effects of group II agonists and mGlu2 PAMs have since entered into clinical trials. Additionally, mGlu3 appears to play an important role in cognition, may confer neuroprotective effects, and thus is a promising target to alleviate cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Although group III mGlu receptors (mGlu4/6/7/8) have attracted less attention, mGlu4 agonists and PAMs appear to have efficacy across all three symptoms domains in preclinical models. The recent discovery of heterodimers comprising mGlu2 and mGlu4 may explain the efficacy of mGlu4 selective compounds but this remains to be determined. Taken together, compounds targeting mGlu receptors, specifically subtype-selective allosteric modulators, provide a compelling alternative approach to fill the unmet clinical needs for patients with schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Maksymetz
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - Sean P. Moran
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
| | - P. Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232 USA
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Zhu G, Briz V, Seinfeld J, Liu Y, Bi X, Baudry M. Calpain-1 deletion impairs mGluR-dependent LTD and fear memory extinction. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42788. [PMID: 28202907 PMCID: PMC5311935 DOI: 10.1038/srep42788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that calpain-1 is required for the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) elicited by theta-burst stimulation in field CA1 of hippocampus. Here we determined the contribution of calpain-1 in another type of synaptic plasticity, the long-term depression (LTD) elicited by activation of type-I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR-LTD). mGluR-LTD was associated with calpain-1 activation following T-type calcium channel opening, and resulted in the truncation of a regulatory subunit of PP2A, B56α. This signaling pathway was required for both the early and late phase of Arc translation during mGluR-LTD, through a mechanism involving mTOR and ribosomal protein S6 activation. In contrast, in hippocampal slices from calpain-1 knock-out (KO) mice, application of the mGluR agonist, DHPG, did not result in B56α truncation, increased Arc synthesis and reduced levels of membrane GluA1-containing AMPA receptors. Consistently, mGluR-LTD was impaired in calpain-1 KO mice, and the impairment could be rescued by phosphatase inhibitors, which also restored Arc translation in response to DHPG. Furthermore, calpain-1 KO mice exhibited impairment in fear memory extinction to tone presentation. These results indicate that calpain-1 plays a critical role in mGluR-LTD and is involved in many forms of synaptic plasticity and learning and memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Zhu
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Victor Briz
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeff Seinfeld
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Western University of Health Sciences Pomona, CA 91766, CA 91766, USA
| | - Xiaoning Bi
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Western University of Health Sciences Pomona, CA 91766, CA 91766, USA
| | - Michel Baudry
- Graduate College of Biomedical Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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Tidball P, Burn HV, Teh KL, Volianskis A, Collingridge GL, Fitzjohn SM. Differential ability of the dorsal and ventral rat hippocampus to exhibit group I metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent synaptic and intrinsic plasticity. Brain Neurosci Adv 2017; 1. [PMID: 28413831 PMCID: PMC5390859 DOI: 10.1177/2398212816689792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hippocampus is critically involved in learning and memory processes. Although once considered a relatively homogenous structure, it is now clear that the hippocampus can be divided along its longitudinal axis into functionally distinct domains, responsible for the encoding of different types of memory or behaviour. Although differences in extrinsic connectivity are likely to contribute to this functional differentiation, emerging evidence now suggests that cellular and molecular differences at the level of local hippocampal circuits may also play a role. Methods: In this study, we have used extracellular field potential recordings to compare basal input/output function and group I metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent forms of synaptic and intrinsic plasticity in area CA1 of slices taken from the dorsal and ventral sectors of the adult rat hippocampus. Results: Using two extracellular electrodes to simultaneously record field EPSPs and population spikes, we show that dorsal and ventral hippocampal slices differ in their basal levels of excitatory synaptic transmission, paired-pulse facilitation, and EPSP-to-Spike coupling. Furthermore, we show that slices taken from the ventral hippocampus have a greater ability than their dorsal counterparts to exhibit long-term depression of synaptic transmission and EPSP-to-Spike potentiation induced by transient application of the group I mGluR agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine. Conclusions: Together, our results provide further evidence that the information processing properties of local hippocampal circuits differ in the dorsal and ventral hippocampal sectors, and that these differences may in turn contribute to the functional differentiation that exists along the hippocampal longitudinal axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Tidball
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Hannah V Burn
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kai Lun Teh
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Arturas Volianskis
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen M Fitzjohn
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Davenport MH, Schaefer TL, Friedmann KJ, Fitzpatrick SE, Erickson CA. Pharmacotherapy for Fragile X Syndrome: Progress to Date. Drugs 2016; 76:431-45. [PMID: 26858239 DOI: 10.1007/s40265-016-0542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To date, no drug is approved for the treatment of Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) although many drugs are used to manage challenging behaviors from a symptomatic perspective in this population. While our understanding of FXS pathophysiology is expanding, efforts to devise targeted FXS-specific treatments have had limited success in placebo-controlled trials. Compounds aimed at rectifying excessive glutamate and deficient gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission, as well as other signaling pathways known to be affected by Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) are under various phases of development in FXS. With the failure of several metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlur5) selective antagonists under clinical investigation, no clear single treatment appears to be greatly effective. These recent challenges call into question various aspects of clinical study design in FXS. More objective outcome measures are under development and validation. Future trials will likely be aimed at correcting multiple pathways known to be disrupted by the loss of FMRP. This review offers a brief summary of the prevalence, phenotypic characteristics, genetic causes and molecular functions of FMRP in the brain (as these have been extensively reviewed elsewhere), discusses the most recent finding in FXS drug development, and summarizes FXS trials utilizing symptomatic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew H Davenport
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Tori L Schaefer
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | - Katherine J Friedmann
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA
| | | | - Craig A Erickson
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (MLC 4002), Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA.
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Majewski Ł, Maciąg F, Boguszewski PM, Wasilewska I, Wiera G, Wójtowicz T, Mozrzymas J, Kuznicki J. Overexpression of STIM1 in neurons in mouse brain improves contextual learning and impairs long-term depression. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1864:1071-1087. [PMID: 27913207 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
STIM1 is an endoplasmic reticulum calcium sensor that is involved in several processes in neurons, including store-operated calcium entry. STIM1 also inhibits voltage-gated calcium channels, such as Cav1.2 and Cav3.1, and is thus considered a multifunctional protein. The aim of this work was to investigate the ways in which transgenic neuronal overexpression of STIM1 in FVB/NJ mice affects animal behavior and the electrophysiological properties of neurons in acute hippocampal slices. We overexpressed STIM1 from the Thy1.2 promoter and verified neuronal expression by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Mature primary hippocampal cultures expressed STIM1 but exhibited no changes in calcium homeostasis. Basal synaptic transmission efficiency and short-term plasticity were comparable in slices that were isolated from transgenic mice, similarly as the magnitude of long-term potentiation. However, long-term depression that was induced by the glutamate receptor 1/5 agonist (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine was impaired in STIM1 slices. Interestingly, transgenic mice exhibited a decrease in anxiety-like behavior and improvements in contextual learning. In summary, our data indicate that STIM1 overexpression in neurons in the brain perturbs metabotropic glutamate receptor signaling, leading to impairments in long-term depression and alterations in animal behavior. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: ECS Meeting edited by Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs and Jacques Haiech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Majewski
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Str., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filip Maciąg
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Str., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paweł M Boguszewski
- Laboratory of Animal Models, Neurobiology Centre, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iga Wasilewska
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Str., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Wiera
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, 3a Chalubinskiego Str., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, 30 Cybulskiego Str., 50-205 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wójtowicz
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, 3a Chalubinskiego Str., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Mozrzymas
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Dept. Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, 3a Chalubinskiego Str., 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland; Department of Animal Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Wroclaw University, 30 Cybulskiego Str., 50-205 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Kuznicki
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, 4 Ks. Trojdena Str., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
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Li J, Chen H, Wu S, Cheng Y, Li Q, Wang J, Zhu G. MPP + inhibits mGluR1/5-mediated long-term depression in mouse hippocampus by calpain activation. Eur J Pharmacol 2016; 795:22-27. [PMID: 27908790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Neurotoxins are harmful to nervous system and cause either neuronal cell death or impairment of synaptic activity, which contributes to Parkinson's disease or other neuronal disorders. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was proposed as a cellular model for memory processing. In this study, we reported a novel effect of neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), on metabotropic glutamate receptor 1/5 agonist, 3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG)-induced hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and MPP+ incubation blocked DHPG-induced hippocampal long-term depression (LTD) in Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses. Our further findings indicated that, this blockage was reversed by pre-application of calpain inhibitor III, but not by cathepsin inhibitors. Biochemical analysis showed that MPP+ treatment stimulated calpain activation, displayed by spectrin breakdown. Interestingly, the level and activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) were reduced after MPP+ incubation and the decrease of PTP1B was prohibited by calpain inhibitor III. In addition, PTP1B inhibitor also blocked DHPG-induced LTD, mimicking the effect of MPP+. In summary, our data implicated that MPP+ activated calpain-dependent PTP1B degradation, which subsequently impaired hippocampal LTD. This novel effect of MPP+ might partially explain the impairment of memory processing in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Shengbing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yuefa Cheng
- Jitang College of North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.
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50
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Transduction of group I mGluR-mediated synaptic plasticity by β-arrestin2 signalling. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13571. [PMID: 27886171 PMCID: PMC5133636 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional signalling by the group I metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR1 and mGluR5, occurs through G-protein coupling, but evidence suggests they might also utilize other, non-canonical effector pathways. Here we test whether group I mGluRs require β-arrestin signalling during specific forms of plasticity at hippocampal excitatory synapses. We find that genetic ablation of β-arrestin2, but not β-arrestin1, results in deficits in plasticity mediated by mGlu1 receptors in CA3 pyramidal neurons and by mGlu5 receptors in CA1 pyramidal neurons. Pharmacological studies additionally support roles for Src kinases and MAPK/ERK downstream of β-arrestin2 in CA3 neurons. mGluR1 modulation of intrinsic conductances is otherwise preserved in β-arrestin2−/− mice with the exception of a rebound depolarization, and non-mGluR-mediated long-term potentiation is unaltered. These results reveal a signalling pathway engaged by group I mGluRs to effect changes in synaptic and cell intrinsic physiology dependent upon β-arrestin rather than G proteins. Pharmacological manipulation of mGluRs with effector-biased ligands could lead to novel therapies to treat neurological disease. mGluRs are known to undergo non-canonical signalling regulation, although the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors identify a role for β-arrestin2, but not β-arrestin1, in group I mGluR-mediated plasticity at hippocampal synapses.
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