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Rajeev V, Tabassum NI, Fann DY, Chen CP, Lai MK, Arumugam TV. Intermittent Metabolic Switching and Vascular Cognitive Impairment. J Obes Metab Syndr 2024; 33:92-107. [PMID: 38736362 PMCID: PMC11224924 DOI: 10.7570/jomes24010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF), a dietary pattern alternating between eating and fasting periods within a 24-hour cycle, has garnered recognition for its potential to enhance both healthspan and lifespan in animal models and humans. It also shows promise in alleviating age-related diseases, including neurodegeneration. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) spans a severity range from mild cognitive deficits to severe cognitive deficits and loss of function in vascular dementia. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has emerged as a significant contributor to VCI, instigating vascular pathologies such as microbleeds, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, neuronal loss, and white matter lesions. Preclinical studies in rodents strongly suggest that IF has the potential to attenuate pathological mechanisms, including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death pathways in VCI models. Hence, this supports evaluating IF in clinical trials for both existing and at-risk VCI patients. This review compiles existing data supporting IF's potential in treating VCI-related vascular and neuronal pathologies, emphasizing the mechanisms by which IF may mitigate these issues. Hence providing a comprehensive overview of the available data supporting IF's potential in treating VCI by emphasizing the underlying mechanisms that make IF a promising intervention for VCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vismitha Rajeev
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nishat I. Tabassum
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - David Y. Fann
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Christopher P. Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Mitchell K.P. Lai
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Thiruma V. Arumugam
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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2
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Kakizawa S, Park JJ, Tonoki A. Biology of cognitive aging across species. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:15-24. [PMID: 38126240 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive decline, which can critically affect quality of life. Examining the biology of cognitive aging across species will lead to a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved in this process, and identify potential interventions that could help to improve cognitive function in aging individuals. This minireview aimed to explore the mechanisms and processes involved in cognitive aging across a range of species, from flies to rodents, and covers topics, such as the role of reactive oxygen species and autophagy/mitophagy in cognitive aging. Overall, this literature provides a comprehensive overview of the biology of cognitive aging across species, highlighting the latest research findings and identifying potential avenues for future research. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 15-24.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kakizawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Joong-Jean Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ayako Tonoki
- Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Mao M, Xia Q, Zhan G, Bing H, Zhang C, Wang J, Tian W, Lian H, Li X, Chu Q. Vialinin A alleviates oxidative stress and neuronal injuries after ischaemic stroke by accelerating Keap1 degradation through inhibiting USP4-mediated deubiquitination. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 124:155304. [PMID: 38176274 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is known as a hallmark of cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion injury and it exacerbates the pathologic progression of ischaemic brain damage. Vialinin A, derived from a Chinese edible mushroom, possesses multiple pharmacological activities in cancer, Kawasaki disease, asthma and pathological scarring. Notably, vialinin A is an inhibitor of ubiquitin-specific peptidase 4 (USP4) that shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties. However, the precise effect of vialinin A in ischaemic stroke, as well as its underlying mechanisms, remains largely unexplored. PURPOSE The present research focuses on the impacts of vialinin A on oxidative stress and explores the underlying mechanisms involved while also examining its potentiality as a therapeutic candidate for ischaemic stroke. METHODS Mouse ischaemic stroke was conducted by MCAO surgery. Vialinin A was administered via lateral ventricular injection at a dose of 2 mg/kg after reperfusion. Subsequent experiments were meticulously conducted at the appropriate time points. Stroke outcomes were evaluated by TTC staining, neurological score, Nissl staining and behavioural analysis. Co-IP assays were operated to examine the protein-protein interactions. Immunoblot analysis, qRT-PCR, and luciferase reporter assays were conducted to further investigate its underlying mechanisms. RESULTS In this study, we initially showed that administration of vialinin A alleviated cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion injury-induced neurological deficits and neuronal apoptosis. Furthermore, vialinin A, which is an antioxidant, reduced oxidative stress injury, promoted the activation of the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway and increased the protein degradation of Keap1. The substantial neuroprotective effects of vialinin A against ischaemic stroke were compromised by the overexpression of USP4. Mechanistically, vialinin A inhibited the deubiquitinating enzymatic activity of USP4, leading to enhanced ubiquitination of Keap1 and subsequently promoting its degradation. This cascade caused the activation of Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response, culminating in a reduction of neuronal apoptosis and the amelioration of neurological dysfunction following ischaemic stroke. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that inhibition of USP4 to activate Keap1-Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway may represent a mechanism by which vialinin A conferred protection against cerebral ischaemia‒reperfusion injury and sheds light on its promising prospects as a therapeutic intervention for ischaemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Trauma Research Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Center for Advanced Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Qian Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Gaofeng Zhan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hailong Bing
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Wangli Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Hongkai Lian
- Trauma Research Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Center for Advanced Medicine, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Key Laboratory of Geriatric Anesthesia and Perioperative Brain Health, and Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Anesthesia, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Qinjun Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
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da Silva Beraldo IJ, Prates Rodrigues M, Polanczyk RS, Verano-Braga T, Lopes-Aguiar C. Proteomic-Based Studies on Memory Formation in Normal and Neurodegenerative Disease-Affected Brains. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1443:129-158. [PMID: 38409419 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-50624-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
A critical aspect of cognition is the ability to acquire, consolidate, and evoke memories, which is considerably impaired by neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. These mnemonic processes are dependent on signaling cascades, which involve protein expression and degradation. Recent mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics has opened a range of possibilities for the study of memory formation and impairment, making it possible to research protein systems not studied before. However, in the context of synaptic proteome related to learning processes and memory formation, a deeper understanding of the synaptic proteome temporal dynamics after induction of synaptic plasticity and the molecular changes underlying the cognitive deficits seen in neurodegenerative diseases is needed. This review analyzes the applications of proteomics for understanding memory processes in both normal and neurodegenerative conditions. Moreover, the most critical experimental studies have been summarized using the PANTHER overrepresentation test. Finally, limitations associated with investigations of memory studies in physiological and neurodegenerative disorders have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikaro Jesus da Silva Beraldo
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mateus Prates Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Schuttenberg Polanczyk
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Thiago Verano-Braga
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Núcleo de Proteômica Funcional (NPF), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Nano-Biofarmacêutica (INCT-Nanobiofar), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Cleiton Lopes-Aguiar
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Laboratório de Neurociências Comportamental e Molecular (LANEC), Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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5
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Gan L, Zhu W, Fu P. The efficacy of statins for improving cognitive impairments in pediatric patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1): a meta-analysis. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1274972. [PMID: 37876519 PMCID: PMC10591081 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1274972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Given the considerable discrepancies in the evidence concerning the efficacy of statins in ameliorating cognitive impairments in pediatric patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF-1), this study conducts a systematic review and meta-analysis to consolidate existing evidence to evaluate the efficacy of statins on cognitive impairments in children with NF-1. Methods This study adhered to the PRISMA statement, and the research protocol was pre-registered on PROSPERO (#CRD: 42022369072). Comprehensive searches of databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were performed up to March 31, 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of statins on cognitive impairments in children with NF-1. Statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.4.1. A fixed- or random-effects model was employed according to the I2 statistic. As all data were continuous, MD [95% CI] was used as the pooled estimate. Results The final analysis included five RCTs with a total of 364 patients. The meta-analysis indicated that aside from a statistically significant improvement in internalizing problems (MD [95%CI] = 3.61[0.11, 7.10], p = 0.04), Object assembly Test (MD [95%CI] = 0.53[0.12, 0.93], p = 0.01), Cancellation Test (MD [95%CI] = 3.61[0.11, 7.10], p < 0.0001), statins did not exhibit significant efficacy in improving other cognitive aspects in children with NF-1 (p > 0.05). An additional descriptive analysis on indices that cannot be meta-analyzed revealed considerable inconsistency in the therapeutic effect of statins across different studies. Conclusion Current evidence suggests that statins may not be effective for cognitive performance in children with NF-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lutong Gan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Guangzhou Medical School of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Guangzhou Medical School of China, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengqing Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Guangzhou Medical School of China, Guangzhou, China
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Hirata K, Marushima A, Nagasaki Y, Ishikawa H, Matsumura H, Mujagić A, Hirayama A, Toyomura J, Ohyama A, Takaoka S, Bukawa H, Matsumura A, Ishikawa E, Matsumaru Y. Efficacy of redox nanoparticles for improving survival of transplanted cells in a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1703-1715. [PMID: 37418231 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The success of cell transplantation therapy for ischemic stroke is hindered by the low cell survival rate in poststroke brain, due in part to high free radical production and ensuing oxidative stress. We have developed redox nanoparticles to eliminate reactive oxygen species. In this study, we tested the protective efficacy of these redox nanoparticles in cell culture and a mouse model of ischemic stroke. Induced human dental pulp stem cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation to recapitulate ischemia and reperfusion in the penumbra surrounding a cerebral infarct. Cell viability using WST-8 assay, apoptosis using TUNEL, free radicals using MitoSOX, and inflammatory cytokines using ELISA kit were measured in the presence and absence of redox nanoparticles after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation. The scavenging activity of redox nanoparticles against reactive oxygen species was detected by electron spin resonance. Moreover, induced cells were transplanted intracerebrally into to the distal middle cerebral artery occlusion model with and without redox nanoparticles, and the survival rate measured. Cell viability was enhanced, while apoptosis, free radical generation, and inflammatory cytokine expression levels were reduced in cultures with redox nanoparticles. Further, reduced redox nanoparticles were detected in the cytoplasm, indicating free radical scavenging. Addition of redox nanoparticles also improved the survival rate of transplanted cells after 6 weeks in vivo. These redox nanoparticles may increase the applicability and success of induced stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke patents by promoting long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Hirata
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Aiki Marushima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan.
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Materials Science, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideaki Matsumura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Arnela Mujagić
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Doctoral Program in Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Aki Hirayama
- Center for Integrative Medicine, Tsukuba University of Technology, Kasuga 4-12-7, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Junko Toyomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ohyama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shohei Takaoka
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroki Bukawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Akira Matsumura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumaru
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8575, Japan
- Laboratory of Clinical Regenerative Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Lee H, Liu Z, Dong L, Lee DY, Yoon D, Oh H, Kim YC, An RB, Lee DS. Anti-Neuroinflammatory and Neuroprotective Effect of Intermedin B Isolated from the Curcuma longa L. via NF-κB and ROS Inhibition in BV2 Microglia and HT22 Hippocampal Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087390. [PMID: 37108568 PMCID: PMC10138482 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Compounds derived from Curcuma longa L. (C. longa) have been extensively studied and reported to be effective and safe for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, but most research has been focused on curcuminoids derived from C. longa. As neurodegenerative diseases are associated with oxidation and inflammation, the present study aimed to isolate and identify active compounds other than curcuminoids from C. longa to develop substances to treat these diseases. Seventeen known compounds, including curcuminoids, were chromatographically isolated from the methanol extracts of C. longa, and their chemical structures were identified using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. Among the isolated compounds, intermedin B exhibited the best antioxidant effect in the hippocampus and anti-inflammatory effect in microglia. Furthermore, intermedin B was confirmed to inhibit the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p-65 and IκBα, exerting anti-inflammatory effects and inhibiting the generation of reactive oxygen species, exerting neuroprotective effects. These results highlight the research value of active components other than curcuminoids in C. longa-derived compounds and suggest that intermedin B may be a promising candidate for the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhiming Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Linsha Dong
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahye Yoon
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuncheol Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ren-Bo An
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Dong-Sung Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
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Torres AK, Jara C, Llanquinao J, Lira M, Cortés-Díaz D, Tapia-Rojas C. Mitochondrial Bioenergetics, Redox Balance, and Calcium Homeostasis Dysfunction with Defective Ultrastructure and Quality Control in the Hippocampus of Aged Female C57BL/6J Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065476. [PMID: 36982549 PMCID: PMC10056753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a physiological process that generates progressive decline in many cellular functions. There are many theories of aging, and one of great importance in recent years is the mitochondrial theory of aging, in which mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs at advanced age could be responsible for the aged phenotype. In this context, there is diverse information about mitochondrial dysfunction in aging, in different models and different organs. Specifically, in the brain, different studies have shown mitochondrial dysfunction mainly in the cortex; however, until now, no study has shown all the defects in hippocampal mitochondria in aged female C57BL/6J mice. We performed a complete analysis of mitochondrial function in 3-month-old and 20-month-old (mo) female C57BL/6J mice, specifically in the hippocampus of these animals. We observed an impairment in bioenergetic function, indicated by a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, O2 consumption, and mitochondrial ATP production. Additionally, there was an increase in ROS production in the aged hippocampus, leading to the activation of antioxidant signaling, specifically the Nrf2 pathway. It was also observed that aged animals had deregulation of calcium homeostasis, with more sensitive mitochondria to calcium overload and deregulation of proteins related to mitochondrial dynamics and quality control processes. Finally, we observed a decrease in mitochondrial biogenesis with a decrease in mitochondrial mass and deregulation of mitophagy. These results show that during the aging process, damaged mitochondria accumulate, which could contribute to or be responsible for the aging phenotype and age-related disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie K. Torres
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510156, Chile
| | - Claudia Jara
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510156, Chile
| | - Jesús Llanquinao
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510156, Chile
| | - Matías Lira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510156, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Avda. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7780272, Chile
| | - Daniela Cortés-Díaz
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510156, Chile
| | - Cheril Tapia-Rojas
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Aging, Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 7510156, Chile
- Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Avda. Zañartu 1482, Ñuñoa, Santiago 7780272, Chile
- Correspondence:
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9
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Büttiker P, Weissenberger S, Esch T, Anders M, Raboch J, Ptacek R, Kream RM, Stefano GB. Dysfunctional mitochondrial processes contribute to energy perturbations in the brain and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1095923. [PMID: 36686690 PMCID: PMC9849387 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1095923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are complex endosymbionts that evolved from primordial purple nonsulfur bacteria. The incorporation of bacteria-derived mitochondria facilitates a more efficient and effective production of energy than what could be achieved based on previous processes alone. In this case, endosymbiosis has resulted in the seamless coupling of cytochrome c oxidase and F-ATPase to maximize energy production. However, this mechanism also results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a phenomenon that can have both positive and negative ramifications on the host. Recent studies have revealed that neuropsychiatric disorders have a pro-inflammatory component in which ROS is capable of initiating damage and cognitive malfunction. Our current understanding of cognition suggests that it is the product of a neuronal network that consumes a substantial amount of energy. Thus, alterations or perturbations of mitochondrial function may alter not only brain energy supply and metabolite generation, but also thought processes and behavior. Mitochondrial abnormalities and oxidative stress have been implicated in several well-known psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD). As cognition is highly energy-dependent, we propose that the neuronal pathways underlying maladaptive cognitive processing and psychiatric symptoms are most likely dependent on mitochondrial function, and thus involve brain energy translocation and the accumulation of the byproducts of oxidative stress. We also hypothesize that neuropsychiatric symptoms (e.g., disrupted emotional processing) may represent the vestiges of an ancient masked evolutionary response that can be used by both hosts and pathogens to promote self-repair and proliferation via parasitic and/or symbiotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Büttiker
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Simon Weissenberger
- Department of Psychology, University of New York in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Tobias Esch
- Institute for Integrative Health Care and Health Promotion, School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Martin Anders
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jiri Raboch
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Ptacek
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - Richard M. Kream
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia
| | - George B. Stefano
- Department of Psychiatry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic, Prague, Czechia,*Correspondence: George B. Stefano,
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10
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Ferreira AC, Sousa N, Sousa JC, Marques F. Age-related changes in mice behavior and the contribution of lipocalin-2. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1179302. [PMID: 37168715 PMCID: PMC10164932 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1179302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging causes considerable changes in the nervous system, inducing progressive and long-lasting loss of physiological integrity and synaptic plasticity, leading to impaired brain functioning. These age-related changes quite often culminate in behavioral dysfunctions, such as impaired cognition, which can ultimately result in various forms of neurodegenerative disorders. Still, little is known regarding the effects of aging on behavior. Moreover, the identification of factors involved in regenerative plasticity, in both the young and aged brain, is scarce but crucial from a regenerative point of view and for our understanding on the mechanisms that control the process of normal aging. Recently, we have identified the iron-trafficking protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) as novel regulator of animal behavior and neuronal plasticity in the young adult brain. On the other hand, others have proposed LCN2 as a biological marker for disease progression in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. Still, and even though LCN2 is well accepted as a regulator of neural processes in the healthy and diseased brain, its contribution in the process of normal aging is not known. Here, we performed a broad analysis on the effects of aging in mice behavior, from young adulthood to middle and late ages (2-, 12-, and 18-months of age), and in the absence of LCN2. Significant behavioral differences between aging groups were observed in all the dimensions analyzed and, in mice deficient in LCN2, aging mainly reduced anxiety, while sustained depressive-like behavior observed at younger ages. These behavioral changes imposed by age were further accompanied by a significant decrease in cell survival and neuronal differentiation at the hippocampus. Our results provide insights into the role of LCN2 in the neurobiological processes underlying brain function and behavior attributed to age-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Catarina Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- *Correspondence: Fernanda Marques,
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11
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Cram DL. Oxidative stress and cognition in ecology. J Zool (1987) 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.13020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. L. Cram
- Department of Zoology University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
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12
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A new K +channel-independent mechanism is involved in the antioxidant effect of XE-991 in an in vitro model of glucose metabolism impairment: implications for Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:391. [PMID: 36127342 PMCID: PMC9489689 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01187-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that represents the first cause of dementia. Although there has been significant progress in AD research, the actual mechanisms underlying this pathology remain largely unknown. There is increasing evidence that oxidative stress, metabolic alterations, and mitochondrial dysfunction are key players in the development and worsening of AD. As a result, in the past few years, remarkable attempts have been made to develop neuroprotective strategies against the impairment of mitochondrial dynamics and cell redox status. In the present study, we reveal a novel antioxidant K+ channel-independent effect of the M-current inhibitor XE-991 in SH-SY5Y cells differentiated with retinoic acid (RA) and primary rat cortical neurons exposed to the glycolysis inhibitor glyceraldehyde (GA). This experimental approach aimed to create a condition of hypometabolism accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction and redox imbalance, as frequently observed in the beginning stage of the disease. We found that XE-991 exerted a neuroprotective action most likely through the resumption of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, which was significantly compromised during GA challenge. We also observed that the enhancement of SOD activity was accompanied by a sequence of positive effects; these included the reduction in basal Ca2+ levels within cytoplasmic and mitochondrial compartments, the decrease in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the modulation of AMPK/mTOR pathway, the recovery of ΔΨm collapse, the increase in the intracellular ATP content and the decrease in amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated form of tau protein (pTau) levels. Collectively, our study reveals an off-target antioxidant effect of XE-991 and paves the way toward the further evaluation of new therapeutic uses of already existing molecules to accelerate the process of developing an effective therapy to counteract AD.
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13
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Hu X, Wang Y, Du W, Liang LJ, Wang W, Jin X. Role of Glial Cell-Derived Oxidative Stress in Blood-Brain Barrier Damage after Acute Ischemic Stroke. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7762078. [PMID: 36092167 PMCID: PMC9463007 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7762078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is mainly maintained by endothelial cells and basement membrane and could be regulated by pericytes, neurons, and glial cells including astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes (OLs), and oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). BBB damage is the main pathological basis of hemorrhage transformation (HT) and vasogenic edema after stroke. In addition, BBB damage-induced HT and vasogenic edema will aggravate the secondary brain tissue damage. Of note, after reperfusion, oxidative stress-initiated cascade plays a critical role in the BBB damage after acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Although endothelial cells are the target of oxidative stress, the role of glial cell-derived oxidative stress in BBB damage after AIS also should receive more attention. In the current review, we first introduce the physiology and pathophysiology of the BBB, then we summarize the possible mechanisms related to BBB damage after AIS. We aim to characterize the role of glial cell-derived oxidative stress in BBB damage after AIS and discuss the role of oxidative stress in astrocytes, microglia cells and oligodendrocytes in after AIS, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing City, Jiaxing, 314000 Zhejiang, China
| | - Weihong Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li-Jun Liang
- Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xinchun Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Research, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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14
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Singh P, Barman B, Thakur MK. Oxidative stress-mediated memory impairment during aging and its therapeutic intervention by natural bioactive compounds. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:944697. [PMID: 35959291 PMCID: PMC9357995 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.944697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and associated neurodegenerative diseases are accompanied by the decline of several brain functions including cognitive abilities. Progressive deleterious changes at biochemical and physiological levels lead to the generation of oxidative stress, accumulation of protein aggregates, mitochondrial dysfunctions, loss of synaptic connections, and ultimately neurodegeneration and cognitive decline during aging. Oxidative stress that arises due to an imbalance between the rates of production and elimination of free radicles is the key factor for age-associated neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Due to high energy demand, the brain is more susceptible to free radicals-mediated damages as they oxidize lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, thereby causing an imbalance in the homeostasis of the aging brain. Animal, as well as human subject studies, showed that with almost no or few side effects, dietary interventions and plant-derived bioactive compounds could be beneficial to recovering the memory or delaying the onset of memory impairment. As the plant-derived bioactive compounds have antioxidative properties, several of them were used to recover the oxidative stress-mediated changes in the aging brain. In the present article, we review different aspects of oxidative stress-mediated cognitive change during aging and its therapeutic intervention by natural bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmanabh Singh
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Zoology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | - Bhabotosh Barman
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Thakur
- Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- *Correspondence: Mahendra Kumar Thakur,
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15
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Chavda V, Chaurasia B, Garg K, Deora H, Umana GE, Palmisciano P, Scalia G, Lu B. Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in stroke and cancer. BRAIN DISORDERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dscb.2021.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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16
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Gleitze S, Paula-Lima A, Núñez MT, Hidalgo C. The calcium-iron connection in ferroptosis-mediated neuronal death. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 175:28-41. [PMID: 34461261 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.08.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron, through its participation in oxidation/reduction processes, is essential for the physiological function of biological systems. In the brain, iron is involved in the development of normal cognitive functions, and its lack during development causes irreversible cognitive damage. Yet, deregulation of iron homeostasis provokes neuronal damage and death. Ferroptosis, a newly described iron-dependent cell death pathway, differs at the morphological, biochemical, and genetic levels from other cell death types. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation, depletion of the endogenous antioxidant glutathione and altered mitochondrial morphology. Although iron promotes the emergence of Ca2+ signals via activation of redox-sensitive Ca2+ channels, the role of Ca2+ signaling in ferroptosis has not been established. The early dysregulation of the cellular redox state observed in ferroptosis is likely to disturb Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling, facilitating ferroptotic neuronal death. This review presents an overview of the role of iron and ferroptosis in neuronal function, emphasizing the possible involvement of Ca2+ signaling in these processes. We propose, accordingly, that the iron-ferroptosis-Ca2+ association orchestrates the progression of cognitive dysfunctions and memory loss that occurs in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, to prevent iron dyshomeostasis and ferroptosis, we suggest the use of drugs that target the abnormal Ca2+ signaling caused by excessive iron levels as therapy for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gleitze
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Paula-Lima
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco T Núñez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Center for Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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17
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Kim KH, Kim SJ, Singha S, Yang YJ, Park SK, Ahn KH. Ratiometric Detection of Hypochlorous Acid in Brain Tissues of Neuroinflammation and Maternal Immune Activation Models with a Deep-Red/Near-Infrared Emitting Probe. ACS Sens 2021; 6:3253-3261. [PMID: 34467757 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by an inflammatory response in the brain are associated with various neurological disorders. To investigate ROS-associated neuroinflammatory diseases, fluorescent probes with practicality are in demand. We have investigated hypochlorous acid, an important ROS, in the brain tissues of neuroinflammation and maternal immune activation (MIA) model mice, using a new fluorescent probe. The probe has outstanding features over many known probes, such as providing two bright ratio signals in cells and tissues in deep-red/near-infrared wavelength regions with a large spectral separation, in addition to being strongly fluorescent, photo- and chemo-stable, highly selective and sensitive, fast responding, and biocompatible. We have found that the level of hypochlorous acid in the brain tissue of a neuroinflammatory mouse model was higher (2.7-4.0-fold) compared with that in normal brain tissue. Furthermore, the level of hypochlorous acid in the brain tissue of a MIA mouse model was higher (1.2-1.3-fold) compared with that in the normal brain tissue. The "robust" probe provides a practical tool for studying ROS-associated neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeong Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jeong Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Subhankar Singha
- Institute of Advanced Studies and Research, JIS University, Kolkata 700091, India
| | - Yun Jae Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ki Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyo Han Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Nam-Gu, Pohang, Gyungbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
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18
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Linda K, Lewerissa EI, Verboven AHA, Gabriele M, Frega M, Klein Gunnewiek TM, Devilee L, Ulferts E, Hommersom M, Oudakker A, Schoenmaker C, van Bokhoven H, Schubert D, Testa G, Koolen DA, de Vries BBA, Nadif Kasri N. Imbalanced autophagy causes synaptic deficits in a human model for neurodevelopmental disorders. Autophagy 2021; 18:423-442. [PMID: 34286667 PMCID: PMC8942553 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1936777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy) is a finely tuned process of programmed degradation and recycling of proteins and cellular components, which is crucial in neuronal function and synaptic integrity. Mounting evidence implicates chromatin remodeling in fine-tuning autophagy pathways. However, this epigenetic regulation is poorly understood in neurons. Here, we investigate the role in autophagy of KANSL1, a member of the nonspecific lethal complex, which acetylates histone H4 on lysine 16 (H4K16ac) to facilitate transcriptional activation. Loss-of-function of KANSL1 is strongly associated with the neurodevelopmental disorder Koolen-de Vries Syndrome (KdVS). Starting from KANSL1-deficient human induced-pluripotent stem cells, both from KdVS patients and genome-edited lines, we identified SOD1 (superoxide dismutase 1), an antioxidant enzyme, to be significantly decreased, leading to a subsequent increase in oxidative stress and autophagosome accumulation. In KANSL1-deficient neurons, autophagosome accumulation at excitatory synapses resulted in reduced synaptic density, reduced GRIA/AMPA receptor-mediated transmission and impaired neuronal network activity. Furthermore, we found that increased oxidative stress-mediated autophagosome accumulation leads to increased MTOR activation and decreased lysosome function, further preventing the clearing of autophagosomes. Finally, by pharmacologically reducing oxidative stress, we could rescue the aberrant autophagosome formation as well as synaptic and neuronal network activity in KANSL1-deficient neurons. Our findings thus point toward an important relation between oxidative stress-induced autophagy and synapse function, and demonstrate the importance of H4K16ac-mediated changes in chromatin structure to balance reactive oxygen species- and MTOR-dependent autophagy. Abbreviations: APO: apocynin; ATG: autophagy related; BAF: bafilomycin A1; BSO: buthionine sulfoximine; CV: coefficient of variation; DIV: days in vitro; H4K16ac: histone 4 lysine 16 acetylation; iPSC: induced-pluripotent stem cell; KANSL1: KAT8 regulatory NSL complex subunit 1; KdVS: Koolen-de Vries Syndrome; LAMP1: lysosomal associated membrane protein 1; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MEA: micro-electrode array; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NSL complex: nonspecific lethal complex; 8-oxo-dG: 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine; RAP: rapamycin; ROS: reactive oxygen species; sEPSCs: spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents; SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; SYN: synapsin; WRT: wortmannin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Linda
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elly I Lewerissa
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk H A Verboven
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Gabriele
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Monica Frega
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Teun M Klein Gunnewiek
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Anatomy, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lynn Devilee
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Edda Ulferts
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marina Hommersom
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid Oudakker
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal Schoenmaker
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk Schubert
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - David A Koolen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nael Nadif Kasri
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboudumc, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Targeting redox-altered plasticity to reactivate synaptic function: A novel therapeutic strategy for cognitive disorder. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:599-608. [PMID: 33777670 PMCID: PMC7982492 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-altered plasticity refers to redox-dependent reversible changes in synaptic plasticity via altering functions of key proteins, such as N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Age-related cognitive disorders includes Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VD), and age-associated memory impairment (AAMI). Based on the critical role of NMDAR-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in memory, the increase of reactive oxygen species in cognitive disorders, and the sensitivity of NMDAR to the redox status, converging lines have suggested the redox-altered NMDAR-dependent plasticity might underlie the synaptic dysfunctions associated with cognitive disorders. In this review, we summarize the involvement of redox-altered plasticity in cognitive disorders by presenting the available evidence. According to reports from our laboratory and other groups, this "redox-altered plasticity" is more similar to functional changes rather than organic injuries, and strategies targeting redox-altered plasticity using pharmacological agents might reverse synaptic dysfunctions and memory abnormalities in the early stage of cognitive disorders. Targeting redox modifications for NMDARs may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for memory deficits.
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Key Words
- AAMI, age-associated memory impairment
- AD, Alzheimer's disease
- AMPARs, α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate receptors
- CaMKII, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
- Cognitive disorder
- DG, dentate gyrus
- DS, Down syndrome
- DTNB, 5,5-dithio-bis-2-nitrobenzoic acid
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- EPSPs, excitatory postsynaptic potentials
- GSK-3β, glycogen synthase kinase-3β
- Glu, glutamate
- H2O2, hydrogen peroxide
- HFS, high-frequency stimulation
- Hydrogen sulfide
- LFS, low-frequency stimulation
- LTD, long-term depression
- LTP, long-term potentiation
- Learning and memory
- Long-term potentiation
- MF, mossy fiber
- N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor
- NAC, N-acetyl cysteine
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NMDARs, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors
- NO, nitric oxide
- Oxidative stress
- PTM, posttranslational modification
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Reactive oxygen species
- SC, Schaffer collateral
- SNOC, S-nitrosocysteine
- Synaptic plasticity
- TFAM, mitochondrial transcription factor A
- VD, vascular dementia
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20
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Seyedaghamiri F, Farajdokht F, Vatandoust SM, Mahmoudi J, Khabbaz A, Sadigh-Eteghad S. Sericin modulates learning and memory behaviors by tuning of antioxidant, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers in the hippocampus of aged mice. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:1371-1382. [PMID: 33523373 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06195-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sericin is a protein derived from silkworm cocoons and identified as an anti-aging agent. This study aimed to examine the effects of sericin administration on episodic and avoidance memories, social interaction behavior, and molecular mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in the hippocampus of aged mice. Sericin was administered at 250 mg/kg/day (oral gavage) to 2-year-old BALB/c mice for a duration of 21 consecutive days. Lashley III Maze and Shuttle-Box tests were performed to assess episodic and avoidance memories, respectively. Subjects also underwent social interaction test to reveal any changes in their social behavior. Besides, markers of oxidative stress (TAC, SOD, GPx, and MDA) and neuroinflammation mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-10) were measured in the hippocampus. The extent of apoptosis in the hippocampal tissue was further determined by TUNEL assay and histological assessment. The obtained results suggest that sericin promotes episodic and avoidance memories and social behaviors in aged mice. As of the molecular assay outcomes, it was noted that sericin regulates hippocampal inflammation by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-1β, and by increasing the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10. Moreover, sericin suppressed oxidative stress by enhancing antioxidant markers (TAC, SOD, and GPx) and inhibiting MDA. It was also identified that sericin can substantially suppress the apoptosis in the hippocampal tissue. Overall, sericin modulates memory and sociability behavior by tuning hippocampal antioxidant, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers in the aged mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Vatandoust
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Aytak Khabbaz
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran.
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21
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Li Z, Bi H, Jiang H, Song J, Meng Q, Zhang Y, Fei X. Neuroprotective effect of emodin against Alzheimer's disease via Nrf2 signaling in U251 cells and APP/PS1 mice. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:108. [PMID: 33300068 PMCID: PMC7723071 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Emodin is a naturally-occurring medicinal herbal ingredient that possesses numerous pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In the present study, potential neuroprotective effects associated with the antioxidant activity of emodin were assessed in U251 cells that were subjected to β-amyloid peptide (Aβ)-induced apoptosis and in amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin-1 (PS1) double-transgenic mice. U251 is a type of human astroglioma cell line (cat. no. BNCC337874; BeNa Culture Collection). In apoptotic U251 cells, 3-h emodin pre-treatment prior to 24-h Aβ co-exposure improved cell viability, suppressed lactate dehydrogenase leakage and caspase-3, −8 and −9 activation to inhibit apoptosis. Compared with those after Aβ exposure alone, emodin ameliorated the dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited the over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species, enhanced the expression levels of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), haemeoxygenase-1, superoxide dismutase 1, Bcl-2 and catalase in addition to decreasing the expression levels of Bax. In APP/PS1 mice, an 8-week course of emodin administration improved spatial memory and learning ability and decreased anxiety. Emodin was also found to regulate key components in the Nrf2 pathway and decreased the deposition of Aβ, phosphorylated-τ and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in APP/PS1 mice. Taken together, the present data suggest that emodin may serve as a promising candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hui Bi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Song
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Qingfan Meng
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
| | - Yizhi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofang Fei
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, P.R. China
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22
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Xiu MH, Li Z, Chen DC, Chen S, Curbo ME, Wu HE, Tong YS, Tan SP, Zhang XY. Interrelationships Between BDNF, Superoxide Dismutase, and Cognitive Impairment in Drug-Naive First-Episode Patients With Schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:1498-1510. [PMID: 32390043 PMCID: PMC7707068 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) remains unclear. Accumulating studies showed that complex interrelationships between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and an imbalanced redox system has a crucial role in the psychopathology of SCZ. However, the influence of the interrelationships of BDNF and superoxide dismutase (SOD) on cognitive impairment and clinical symptomatology in drug-naive first-episode (DNFE) SCZ patients has not been studied thoroughly. Serum BDNF levels, plasma total SOD, manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD), copper/zinc-containing SOD (CuZn-SOD) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in 327 DNFE patients with SCZ and 391 healthy controls. Cognitive functions were measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological status (RBANS) and clinical symptoms were evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Compared with the controls, the DNFE patients had increased activities of total SOD and CuZn-SOD, and reduced levels of BDNF and MDA. BDNF levels were positively correlated with CuZn-SOD activity in patients. In addition, we found that elevated Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD activities were related to PANSS depression factor. Moreover, an interactive effect of BDNF levels and Mn-SOD activity was associated with attentional index score in the patients. Therefore, our findings suggested that interrelationships between BDNF and antioxidant mechanisms might underlie the pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairments and symptomatology in the DNFE patients with SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hong Xiu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Chun Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Maile E Curbo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Hanjing Emily Wu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Yong Sheng Tong
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shu Ping Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Qu M, Wang J, Chen DC, Chen S, Xiu MH, Zhang XY. Sex-specific association between peripheral superoxide dismutase, BDNF and cognitive impairment in drug-naive first episode patients with schizophrenia. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:887-893. [PMID: 32949664 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) have cognitive impairments across several domains. Cognition decline is related to the complex interrelationship between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and redox system imbalance. However, the effect of sex on cognitive impairment and biomarkers has not been fully studied in patients with drug-naïve first episode (DNFE) SCZ. 327 DNFE SCZ patients and 391 healthy controls were recruited, and the levels of BDNF and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of total SOD, Mn-SOD, CuZn-SOD enzymes were measured. Cognitive function was measured by using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological status (RBANS) and clinical symptoms by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Patients performed worse on most cognitive tasks than controls, but there was no significant sex difference in cognitive function between patients and controls. Further analysis showed that a sex difference in MDA was found in controls rather than patients, indicating that MDA levels in men were higher than those in women in controls. Moreover, the Mn-SOD was significantly correlated with attention, language and RBANS total scores only in male patients. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the interaction between BDNF and Mn-SOD or SOD was associated with RBANS language index score in male patients. Our results suggest that the interrelationship of BDNF with antioxidant mechanisms may contribute to the pathological mechanisms underlying cognitive deficits only in male DNFE patients with SCZ, but not in female patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Qu
- Neurology Department, Xuan Wu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Da Chun Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China
| | - Mei Hong Xiu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Xiang Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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24
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Ejaz HW, Wang W, Lang M. Copper Toxicity Links to Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease and Therapeutics Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7660. [PMID: 33081348 PMCID: PMC7589751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, age-related progressive neurological disorder, and the most common type of dementia in aged people. Neuropathological lesions of AD are neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), and senile plaques comprise the accumulated amyloid-beta (Aβ), loaded with metal ions including Cu, Fe, or Zn. Some reports have identified metal dyshomeostasis as a neurotoxic factor of AD, among which Cu ions seem to be a central cationic metal in the formation of plaque and soluble oligomers, and have an essential role in the AD pathology. Cu-Aβ complex catalyzes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and results in oxidative damage. Several studies have indicated that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD. The connection of copper levels in AD is still ambiguous, as some researches indicate a Cu deficiency, while others show its higher content in AD, and therefore there is a need to increase and decrease its levels in animal models, respectively, to study which one is the cause. For more than twenty years, many in vitro studies have been devoted to identifying metals' roles in Aβ accumulation, oxidative damage, and neurotoxicity. Towards the end, a short review of the modern therapeutic approach in chelation therapy, with the main focus on Cu ions, is discussed. Despite the lack of strong proofs of clinical advantage so far, the conjecture that using a therapeutic metal chelator is an effective strategy for AD remains popular. However, some recent reports of genetic-regulating copper transporters in AD models have shed light on treating this refractory disease. This review aims to succinctly present a better understanding of Cu ions' current status in several AD features, and some conflicting reports are present herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafza Wajeeha Ejaz
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth WA6027, Australia;
| | - Minglin Lang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yuquan Road 19, Beijing 100049, China;
- College of Life Science, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, China
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25
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Increases of iASPP-Keap1 interaction mediated by syringin enhance synaptic plasticity and rescue cognitive impairments via stabilizing Nrf2 in Alzheimer's models. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101672. [PMID: 32828017 PMCID: PMC7452088 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important pathogenic manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) that contributes to synaptic dysfunction, which precedes Aβ accumulation and neurofibrillary tangle formation. However, the molecular machineries that govern the decline of antioxidative defence in AD remains to be elucidated, and effective candidate for AD treatment is limited. Here, we showed that the decreases in the inhibitor of apoptosis-stimulating protein of p53 (iASPP) was associated with the vulnerability to oxidative stress in the amyloid precursor protein (APP)/presenilin 1 (PS1) mouse brain. Treatment with an antioxidant, syringin, could ameliorate AD-related pathologic and behavioural impairments. Interestingly, syringin treatment resulted in an upregulation of iASPP and the increase in the interaction of iASPP with Kelchlike ECH-associating protein 1 (Keap1). Syringin reduced neuronal apoptosis independently of p53. We confirmed that syringin-induced enhancement of antioxidant defenses involved the stabilization of Nrf2 in overexpressing human Swedish mutant APP (APPswe) cells in vitro. Syringin-mediated Nrf2 nuclear translocation facilitated the activation of the Nrf2 downstream genes via iASPP/Nrf2 axis. Our results demonstrate that syringin-mediated increases of iASPP-Keap1 interaction restore cellular redox balance. Further study on the syringin-iASPP interactions may help in understanding the regulatory mechanism and designing novel potent modulators for AD treatment. Poor expression of iASPP is associated with the serious accumulation of β-amyloid. Syringin reduces Aβ production and mitigates cognitive deficits by amending redox. Syringin-caused increases of iASPP facilitate the activation of NADPH and γGCL-C. Syringin protects neuronal cells against oxidative stress via iASPP/Nrf2 axis.
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26
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One-Week High-Intensity Interval Training Increases Hippocampal Plasticity and Mitochondrial Content without Changes in Redox State. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050445. [PMID: 32455608 PMCID: PMC7278594 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that physical exercise has effects on neuronal plasticity as well as overall brain health. This effect has been linked to exercise capacity in modulating the antioxidant status, when the oxidative stress is usually linked to the neuronal damage. Although high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is the training-trend worldwide, its effect on brain function is still unclear. Thus, we aimed to assess the neuroplasticity, mitochondrial, and redox status after one-week HIIT training. Male (C57Bl/6) mice were assigned to non-trained or HIIT groups. The HIIT protocol consisted of three days with short bouts at 130% of maximum speed (Vmax), intercalated with moderate-intensity continuous exercise sessions of 30 min at 60% Vmax. The mass spectrometry analyses showed that one-week of HIIT increased minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2), brain derived neutrophic factor (BDNF), doublecortin (DCX) and voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2 (VDAC), and decreased mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD 2) in the hippocampus. In addition, one-week of HIIT promoted no changes in H2O2 production and carbonylated protein concentration in the hippocampus as well as in superoxide anion production in the dentate gyrus. In conclusion, our one-week HIIT protocol increased neuroplasticity and mitochondrial content regardless of changes in redox status, adding new insights into the neuronal modulation induced by new training models.
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27
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Kandlur A, Satyamoorthy K, Gangadharan G. Oxidative Stress in Cognitive and Epigenetic Aging: A Retrospective Glance. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:41. [PMID: 32256315 PMCID: PMC7093495 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain aging is the critical and common factor among several neurodegenerative disorders and dementia. Cellular, biochemical and molecular studies have shown intimate links between oxidative stress and cognitive dysfunction during aging and age-associated neuronal diseases. Brain aging is accompanied by oxidative damage of nuclear as well as mitochondrial DNA, and diminished repair. Recent studies have reported epigenetic alterations during aging of the brain which involves reactive oxygen species (ROS) that regulates various systems through distinct mechanisms. However, there are studies which depict differing roles of reactive oxidant species as a major factor during aging. In this review, we describe the evidence to show how oxidative stress is intricately linked to age-associated cognitive decline. The review will primarily focus on implications of age-associated oxidative damage on learning and memory, and the cellular events, with special emphasis on associated epigenetic machinery. A comprehensive understanding of these mechanisms may provide a perspective on the development of potential therapeutic targets within the oxidative system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gireesh Gangadharan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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28
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Nandi SK, Chakraborty A, Panda AK, Biswas A. M. leprae HSP18 suppresses copper (II) mediated ROS generation: Effect of redox stress on its structure and function. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:648-660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
The prevalence of cognitive decline is increasing as the ageing population is considerably growing. Restricting this age-associated process has become a challenging public health issue. The age-related increase in oxidative stress plays a major role in cognitive decline, because of its harmful effect on functional plasticity of the brain, such as long-term potentiation (LTP). Here, we show that citrulline (Cit) has powerful antioxidant properties that can limit ex vivo oxidative stress-induced LTP impairment in the hippocampus. We also illustrate that a three-month Cit supplementation has a protective effect on LTP in aged rats in vivo. The identification of a Cit oxidation byproduct in vitro suggests that the antioxidant properties of Cit could result from its own oxidation. Cit supplementation may be a promising preventive nutritional approach to limit age-related cognitive decline.
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30
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Song Q, Feng YB, Wang L, Shen J, Li Y, Fan C, Wang P, Yu SY. COX-2 inhibition rescues depression-like behaviors via suppressing glial activation, oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis in rats. Neuropharmacology 2019; 160:107779. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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31
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Farris S, Ward JM, Carstens KE, Samadi M, Wang Y, Dudek SM. Hippocampal Subregions Express Distinct Dendritic Transcriptomes that Reveal Differences in Mitochondrial Function in CA2. Cell Rep 2019; 29:522-539.e6. [PMID: 31597108 PMCID: PMC6894405 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA localization is one mechanism neurons use to spatially and temporally regulate gene expression at synapses. Here, we test the hypothesis that cells exhibiting distinct forms of synaptic plasticity will have differences in dendritically localized RNAs. Indeed, we discover that each major subregion of the adult mouse hippocampus expresses a unique complement of dendritic RNAs. Specifically, we describe more than 1,000 differentially expressed dendritic RNAs, suggesting that RNA localization and local translation are regulated in a cell type-specific manner. Furthermore, by focusing Gene Ontology analyses on the plasticity-resistant CA2, we identify an enrichment of mitochondria-associated pathways in CA2 cell bodies and dendrites, and we provide functional evidence that these pathways differentially influence plasticity and mitochondrial respiration in CA2. These data indicate that differences in dendritic transcriptomes may regulate cell type-specific properties important for learning and memory and may influence region-specific differences in disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Farris
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - James M Ward
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Kelly E Carstens
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mahsa Samadi
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology, National Toxicology Program, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Serena M Dudek
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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32
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McLimans KE, Clark BE, Plagman A, Pappas C, Klinedinst B, Anatharam V, Kanthasamy A, Willette AA. Is Cerebrospinal Fluid Superoxide Dismutase 1 a Biomarker of Tau But Not Amyloid-Induced Neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's Disease? Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:572-578. [PMID: 31088292 PMCID: PMC6657291 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) scavenges free radicals that may otherwise damage brain parenchyma. Impaired SOD1 activity drives Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology in animal models and postmortem AD brains. Yet, it is unknown how cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) SOD1 is related in vivo to AD-relevant cognitive, neuroimaging, and CSF neurotoxic factors, and what potential mechanisms underlie these associations. We found that higher CSF SOD1 correlated with better global cognition scores, yet less gray matter (GM) and glucose metabolism in AD-sensitive parietal and frontal regions. Higher CSF SOD1 was also associated with more CSF total tau and phosphorylated tau-181, but not beta-amyloid 1-42. Through mediation analyses, higher total tau largely mitigated higher CSF SOD1 and better global cognition associations, and it fully accounted for less predicted regional GM but not glucose metabolism. Among participants who developed AD over 2 years or had AD at baseline, higher CSF SOD1 was initially related to more regional GM. This association became nonsignificant with full mediation via higher CSF total tau, through which higher CSF SOD1 predicted more total tau and in turn less GM. Our observations lead to the hypothesis that SOD1 antioxidation reflects tau but not amyloid accumulation, which may lead to pro-oxidant-based neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 31, 572-578.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey E McLimans
- 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Bridget E Clark
- 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Alexandra Plagman
- 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Colleen Pappas
- 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | - Brandon Klinedinst
- 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,4Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa
| | | | | | - Auriel A Willette
- 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,2Neuroscience Graduate Program, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,3Department of Biomedical Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,4Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.,5Department of Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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33
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Martín-Segura A, Casadomé-Perales Á, Fazzari P, Mas JM, Artigas L, Valls R, Nebreda AR, Dotti CG. Aging Increases Hippocampal DUSP2 by a Membrane Cholesterol Loss-Mediated RTK/p38MAPK Activation Mechanism. Front Neurol 2019; 10:675. [PMID: 31293510 PMCID: PMC6603139 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies suggest that the increased activity of p38MAPK plays an important role in the abnormal immune and inflammatory response observed in the course of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. On the other hand, high levels of p38MAPK are present in the brain during normal aging, suggesting the existence of mechanisms that keep the p38MAPK-regulated pro-inflammatory activity within physiological limits. In this study, we show that high p38MAPK activity in the hippocampus of old mice is in part due to the reduction in membrane cholesterol that constitutively occurs in the aging brain. Mechanistically, membrane cholesterol reduction increases p38MAPK activity through the stimulation of a subset of tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs). In turn, activated p38MAPK increases the expression and activity of the phosphatase DUSP2, which is known to reduce the activity of different MAPKs, including p38MAPK. These results suggest that the loss of membrane cholesterol that constitutively occurs with age takes part in a negative-feedback loop that keeps p38MAPK activity levels within physiological range. Thus, conditions that increase p38MAPK activity such as cellular stressors or that inhibit DUSP2 will amplify inflammatory activity with its consequent deleterious functional changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Martín-Segura
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Álvaro Casadomé-Perales
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pietro Fazzari
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Angel R Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos G Dotti
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain
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34
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Ryzhavskii BY, Lebed'ko OA, Lazinskaya OV. Immediate and Delayed Effects of Food Restriction on Some Parameters of Brain Development in Rats. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 167:104-110. [PMID: 31177452 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of 15-day restriction diet (from 1 to 1.5 months of age) on some parameters of brain development were studied in rats. The immediate and delayed (15 days after transfer to normal ration) effects were evaluated. The immediate effects included a significant decrease of the absolute weights of the brain and hemispheres. The relative weight of the brain was significantly higher. The thickness of the cortex of the parietal lobe proper and its layer I decreased. The absolute weights of the brain and hemispheres were less than in the control 15 days after the rats were transferred to ad libitum feeding, while the relative weight of the brain was higher than in controls. The thickness of the parietal and anterior parietal cortex and the numerical density of neurons in layers II and V did not differ from the control. In the neurons of layers II and V of the anterior parietal and parietal lobe proper the nuclei were larger, while the nucleoli were enlarged in the neurons of these locations and the hippocampus, the shifts being significant in the anterior parietal layer V. The concentrations of RNA in the parietal, anterior parietal, and hippocampal lobe neurons in different groups were similar directly and 15 days after the diet. Changes in the gravimetric and morphometric parameters of the brain were paralleled by the development of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ya Ryzhavskii
- Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cytology, Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russia.
| | - O A Lebed'ko
- Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cytology, Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russia
- Khabarovsk Affiliated Department of Far-Eastern Center of Respiration Physiology and Pathology - Research Institute of Maternity and Childhood Protection, Khabarovsk, Russia
| | - O V Lazinskaya
- Department of Histology, Embryology, and Cytology, Far-Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russia
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35
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Elhady MA, Khalaf AAA, Kamel MM, Noshy PA. Carvacrol ameliorates behavioral disturbances and DNA damage in the brain of rats exposed to propiconazole. Neurotoxicology 2019; 70:19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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36
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Famitafreshi H, Karimian M. Assessment of Improvement in Oxidative Stress Indices with Resocialization in Memory Retrieval in Y-Maze in Male Rats. J Exp Neurosci 2018; 12:1179069518820323. [PMID: 30627000 PMCID: PMC6311563 DOI: 10.1177/1179069518820323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Memory deficit is an important issue in some psychiatric diseases either as a primary symptom or as a comorbid symptom. Factors that determine the decline or improvement of memory are an important subject to reduce the severity of these diseases. Methods and materials: In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups: social (control), isolation, resocialization for 3 days, and resocialization for 7 days. Isolation occurred for 14 days. Resocialization groups were resocialized for 3 or 7 days after isolation. In the social group, there was no intervention with normal socializing among the rats. In the isolation group, rats were isolated with no resocialization. In all 4 groups, after performing the Y-maze, the rats’ brains were removed to assess oxidative stress status in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Results: Y-maze performance improved after 3 and 7 days of resocialization. However, oxidative stress status for malondialdehyde, glutathione and nitrite/nitrate returned to normal levels except in 2 experiments after 7 days of resocialization. In addition, in 2 experiments, just glutathione in the prefrontal cortex and nitrite/nitrate in the hippocampus after 3 days of resocialization improved. Conclusions: A return to normal levels in all types of antioxidant markers in the resocialization groups is not the only factor for improving memory deficits resulting from isolation. Resocialization may also be activating other regulatory mechanisms besides an antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Karimian
- Department of Physiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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37
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Koike S, Ando C, Usui Y, Kibune Y, Nishimoto S, Suzuki T, Ogasawara Y. Age-related alteration in the distribution of methylglyoxal and its metabolic enzymes in the mouse brain. Brain Res Bull 2018; 144:164-170. [PMID: 30508605 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is an α-dicarbonyl compound that is naturally produced in vivo through glucose metabolism. In general, MG is metabolized by the glyoxalase 1(GLO1)/GLO2 system and aldose reductase (AR); however, excessive MG can react with proteins and nucleic acids to induce the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Recently, the accumulation of AGEs in the brain has been presumed to be related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, respectively. Research investigating the role of AGEs in such diseases is ongoing. However, the changes in MG concentration that occur in the brain during healthy ageing remain unclear. Therefore, we performed fractionation of the brains of aged and young mice, measured the MG concentration in each part of the brain, and then examined the distribution. We also investigated the expression levels of GLO1 and AR, the main metabolizing enzymes of MG, in various brain regions, across age groups. We show that MG concentration varies among different regions of the brain, and that MG concentration in aged mice is significantly lower than that in young mice across all regions of the brain, except the brain stem. In addition, although the expression level of the GLO1 protein in the brain did not change with ageing, the expression level of AR was higher in aged than in young mice. Moreover, although a significant positive correlation was observed between GLO1 expression and MG concentration in the brains of young mice, no significant correlations were observed in the brains of aged mice. Meanwhile, the production of protein carbonyls and the accumulation of AGEs were not observed in the brains of aged mice. These results suggest that the accumulation of MG in the brain, along with the carbonyl stress are suppressed and regionally controlled during healthy ageing. This finding is useful as the foundation for further studies to investigate the role and toxicity of MG in various age-related disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Koike
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ando
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yosuke Usui
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kibune
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Shoichi Nishimoto
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Suzuki
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yuki Ogasawara
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
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38
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Netto MB, de Oliveira Junior AN, Goldim M, Mathias K, Fileti ME, da Rosa N, Laurentino AO, de Farias BX, Costa AB, Rezin GT, Fortunato JJ, Giustina AD, Barichello T, Dal-Pizzol F, Petronilho F. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to postoperative cognitive dysfunction in elderly rats. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 73:661-669. [PMID: 30041011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is defined by cognitive impairment determined by neuropsychological tests from before to after surgery. Several mechanisms have been proposed in this bidirectional communication between the immune system and the brain after surgery. We aimed at understanding the mechanisms underlying POCD elderly rats in an experimental tibial fracture model. Elderly male Wistar rats were subjected to tibial fracture (TF) model. Control (sham) and fracture (TF) groups were followed to determine nitrite/nitrate concentration; oxidative damage to lipids and proteins; the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase-SOD and catalase-CAT), mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes, and creatine kinase (CK); and BDNF levels in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (at 24 h and at seven days) and cognitive function through habituation to the open field task and novel object recognition task (only at seven days). TF group presented increased concentration of nitrite/nitrate, hippocampal lipid peroxidation at seven days, protein oxidative damage in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus at 24 h, decreased antioxidant activity in both structures on the first postoperative day and compromised function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes as well as the CK enzyme. In addition, the levels of BDNF were reduced and memory function was impaired in the TF group. In conclusion, elderly rats submitted to an experimental model of tibial fracture displayed memory impairment accompanied by an increase in oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced neurotrophin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martins Back Netto
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Aloir Neri de Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Fileti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Naiana da Rosa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Olivia Laurentino
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca Xavier de Farias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Costa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jucelia Jeremias Fortunato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
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39
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Krishnan VS, Shavlakadze T, Grounds MD, Hodgetts SI, Harvey AR. Age-related loss of VGLUT1 excitatory, but not VGAT inhibitory, immunoreactive terminals on motor neurons in spinal cords of old sarcopenic male mice. Biogerontology 2018; 19:385-399. [DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9765-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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40
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Ameliorative effect of carvacrol against propiconazole-induced neurobehavioral toxicity in rats. Neurotoxicology 2018; 67:141-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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41
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Rajmohan R, Reddy PH. Amyloid-Beta and Phosphorylated Tau Accumulations Cause Abnormalities at Synapses of Alzheimer's disease Neurons. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 57:975-999. [PMID: 27567878 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau are hallmark lesions of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the loss of synapses and dysfunctions of neurotransmission are more directly tied to disease severity. The role of these lesions in the pathoetiological progression of the disease remains contested. Biochemical, cellular, molecular, and pathological studies provided several lines of evidence and improved our understanding of how Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation may directly harm synapses and alter neurotransmission. In vitro evidence suggests that Aβ and hyperphosphorylated tau have both direct and indirect cytotoxic effects that affect neurotransmission, axonal transport, signaling cascades, organelle function, and immune response in ways that lead to synaptic loss and dysfunctions in neurotransmitter release. Observations in preclinical models and autopsy studies support these findings, suggesting that while the pathoetiology of positive lesions remains elusive, their removal may reduce disease severity and progression. The purpose of this article is to highlight the need for further investigation of the role of tau in disease progression and its interactions with Aβ and neurotransmitters alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Rajmohan
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Cell Biology & Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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42
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Pesce M, Tatangelo R, La Fratta I, Rizzuto A, Campagna G, Turli C, Ferrone A, Franceschelli S, Speranza L, Patruno A, Ballerini P, De Lutiis MA, Felaco M, Grilli A. Aging-Related Oxidative Stress: Positive Effect of Memory Training. Neuroscience 2018; 370:246-255. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Bagheri S, Squitti R, Haertlé T, Siotto M, Saboury AA. Role of Copper in the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease Compared to Other Metals. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 9:446. [PMID: 29472855 PMCID: PMC5810277 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by amyloid plaques in patients' brain tissue. The plaques are mainly made of β-amyloid peptides and trace elements including Zn2+, Cu2+, and Fe2+. Some studies have shown that AD can be considered a type of metal dyshomeostasis. Among metal ions involved in plaques, numerous studies have focused on copper ions, which seem to be one of the main cationic elements in plaque formation. The involvement of copper in AD is controversial, as some studies show a copper deficiency in AD, and consequently a need to enhance copper levels, while other data point to copper overload and therefore a need to reduce copper levels. In this paper, the role of copper ions in AD and some contradictory reports are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soghra Bagheri
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio-Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Thomas Haertlé
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
- UR 1268 Biopolymères Interactions Assemblages, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Equipe Fonctions et Interactions des Protéines, Nantes, France
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Management, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Ali A. Saboury
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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44
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Kakizawa S. [Physiological roles of redox signals in relation to synaptic plasticity and brain functions]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi 2018; 152:227-232. [PMID: 30393254 DOI: 10.1254/fpj.152.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In our classical knowledge, redox molecules, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide, are considered to be generated as byproducts of aerobic metabolism and act as harmful oxidants of macromolecules, such as proteins and lipids. On the other hands, recently, expressions of enzymes producing redox molecules are identified and reported to be expressed in wide range of tissues, including brain. Moreover, activities of some of these enzymes are revealed to be regulated by physiological signals (e.g. calcium). These observations suggest that redox molecules act as physiological messengers and have biological functions. Actually, recent studies indicate possible involvement of redox signals in functional modification of proteins essential for synaptic plasticity in cultured cells and acute slice preparations. For example, S-nitrosylation of type 1 ryanodine receptor, an intracellular calcium-release channel, is revealed to be essential for NO-induced calcium release (NICR) and synaptic plasticity in cerebellar Purkinje cells. Further studies on mutant animals deficient in redox-modification site may clarify essential role of redox signals in brain functions in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho Kakizawa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University
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45
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Leung HW, Foo G, Banumurthy G, Chai X, Ghosh S, Mitra-Ganguli T, VanDongen AMJ. The effect of Bacopa monnieri on gene expression levels in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182984. [PMID: 28832626 PMCID: PMC5568221 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacopa monnieri is a plant used as a nootropic in Ayurveda, a 5000-year-old system of traditional Indian medicine. Although both animal and clinical studies supported its role as a memory enhancer, the molecular and cellular mechanism underlying Bacopa's nootropic action are not understood. In this study, we used deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) to identify the transcriptome changes upon Bacopa treatment on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. We identified several genes whose expression levels were regulated by Bacopa. Biostatistical analysis of the RNA-Seq data identified biological pathways and molecular functions that were regulated by Bacopa, including regulation of mRNA translation and transmembrane transport, responses to oxidative stress and protein misfolding. Pathway analysis using the Ingenuity platform suggested that Bacopa may protect against brain damage and improve brain development. These newly identified molecular and cellular determinants may contribute to the nootropic action of Bacopa and open up a new direction of investigation into its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- How-Wing Leung
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gabriel Foo
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaoran Chai
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sujoy Ghosh
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Antonius M J VanDongen
- Program in Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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46
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Kawai T, Okochi Y, Ozaki T, Imura Y, Koizumi S, Yamazaki M, Abe M, Sakimura K, Yamashita T, Okamura Y. Unconventional role of voltage‐gated proton channels (
VSOP
/Hv1) in regulation of microglial
ROS
production. J Neurochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Kawai
- Integrative Physiology Department of Physiology Graduate School of Medicine & Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Okochi
- Integrative Physiology Department of Physiology Graduate School of Medicine & Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ozaki
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Yoshio Imura
- Department of Neuropharmacology Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine University of Yamanashi Chuo Yamanashi Japan
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine University of Yamanashi Chuo Yamanashi Japan
| | - Maya Yamazaki
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology Brain Research Institute Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Manabu Abe
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology Brain Research Institute Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Kenji Sakimura
- Department of Cellular Neurobiology Brain Research Institute Niigata University Niigata Japan
| | - Toshihide Yamashita
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience Graduate School of Medicine Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan
| | - Yasushi Okamura
- Integrative Physiology Department of Physiology Graduate School of Medicine & Frontier Biosciences Osaka University Suita Osaka Japan
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47
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Dec K, Łukomska A, Maciejewska D, Jakubczyk K, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Chlubek D, Wąsik A, Gutowska I. The Influence of Fluorine on the Disturbances of Homeostasis in the Central Nervous System. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017; 177:224-234. [PMID: 27787813 PMCID: PMC5418325 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-016-0871-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Fluorides occur naturally in the environment, the daily exposure of human organism to fluorine mainly depends on the intake of this element with drinking water and it is connected with the geographical region. In some countries, we can observe the endemic fluorosis-the damage of hard and soft tissues caused by the excessive intake of fluorine. Recent studies showed that fluorine is toxic to the central nervous system (CNS). There are several known mechanisms which lead to structural brain damage caused by the excessive intake of fluorine. This element is able to cross the blood-brain barrier, and it accumulates in neurons affecting cytological changes, cell activity and ion transport (e.g. chlorine transport). Additionally, fluorine changes the concentration of non-enzymatic advanced glycation end products (AGEs), the metabolism of neurotransmitters (influencing mainly glutamatergic neurotransmission) and the energy metabolism of neurons by the impaired glucose transporter-GLUT1. It can also change activity and lead to dysfunction of important proteins which are part of the respiratory chain. Fluorine also affects oxidative stress, glial activation and inflammation in the CNS which leads to neurodegeneration. All of those changes lead to abnormal cell differentiation and the activation of apoptosis through the changes in the expression of neural cell adhesion molecules (NCAM), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and MAP kinases. Excessive exposure to this element can cause harmful effects such as permanent damage of all brain structures, impaired learning ability, memory dysfunction and behavioural problems. This paper provides an overview of the fluoride neurotoxicity in juveniles and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Dec
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego street 24, 70-406, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Łukomska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego street 24, 70-406, Szczecin, Poland
| | - D Maciejewska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego street 24, 70-406, Szczecin, Poland
| | - K Jakubczyk
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego street 24, 70-406, Szczecin, Poland
| | - I Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 av., 71-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - D Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 av., 71-111, Szczecin, Poland
| | - A Wąsik
- Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Neurochemistry, Smętna street 12, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - I Gutowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Human Nutrition, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Broniewskiego street 24, 70-406, Szczecin, Poland.
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48
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Fan X, Wheatley EG, Villeda SA. Mechanisms of Hippocampal Aging and the Potential for Rejuvenation. Annu Rev Neurosci 2017; 40:251-272. [PMID: 28441118 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-neuro-072116-031357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The past two decades have seen remarkable progress in our understanding of the multifactorial drivers of hippocampal aging and cognitive decline. Recent findings have also raised the possibility of functional rejuvenation in the aged hippocampus. In this review, we aim to synthesize the mechanisms that drive hippocampal aging and evaluate critically the potential for rejuvenation. We discuss the functional changes in synaptic plasticity and regenerative potential of the aged hippocampus, followed by mechanisms of microglia aging, and assess the cross talk between these proaging processes. We then examine proyouth interventions that demonstrate significant promise in reversing age-related impairments in the hippocampus and, finally, attempt to look ahead toward novel therapeutics for brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelai Fan
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143; , , .,The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Elizabeth G Wheatley
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143; , , .,The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Saul A Villeda
- Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143; , , .,The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143
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49
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Neuronal p38α mediates synaptic and cognitive dysfunction in an Alzheimer's mouse model by controlling β-amyloid production. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45306. [PMID: 28361984 PMCID: PMC5374488 DOI: 10.1038/srep45306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a severe and progressive neuronal loss leading to cognitive dysfunctions. Previous reports, based on the use of chemical inhibitors, have connected the stress kinase p38α to neuroinflammation, neuronal death and synaptic dysfunction. To explore the specific role of neuronal p38α signalling in the appearance of pathological symptoms, we have generated mice that combine expression of the 5XFAD transgenes to induce AD symptoms with the downregulation of p38α only in neurons (5XFAD/p38α∆-N). We found that the neuronal-specific deletion of p38α improves the memory loss and long-term potentiation impairment induced by 5XFAD transgenes. Furthermore, 5XFAD/p38α∆-N mice display reduced amyloid-β accumulation, improved neurogenesis, and important changes in brain cytokine expression compared with 5XFAD mice. Our results implicate neuronal p38α signalling in the synaptic plasticity dysfunction and memory impairment observed in 5XFAD mice, by regulating both amyloid-β deposition in the brain and the relay of this accumulation to mount an inflammatory response, which leads to the cognitive deficits.
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50
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Bansal Y, Kuhad A. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Depression. Curr Neuropharmacol 2017; 14:610-8. [PMID: 26923778 PMCID: PMC4981740 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666160229114755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract: Background Depression is the most debilitating neuropsychiatric disorder with significant impact on socio-occupational and well being of individual. The exact pathophysiology of depression is still enigmatic though various theories have been put forwarded. There are evidences showing that mitochondrial dysfunction in various brain regions is associated with depression. Recent findings have sparked renewed appreciation for the role of mitochondria in many intracellular processes coupled to synaptic plasticity and cellular resilience. New insights in depression pathophysiology are revolving around the impairment of neuroplasticity. Mitochondria have potential role in ATP production, intracellular Ca2+ signalling to establish membrane stability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) balance and to execute the complex processes of neurotransmission and plasticity. So understanding the various concepts of mitochondrial dysfunction in pathogenesis of depression indubitably helps to generate novel and more targeted therapeutic approaches for depression treatment. Objective The review was aimed to give a comprehensive insight on role of mitochondrial dysfunction in depression. Result Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and enhancing the mitochondrial functions might act as potential target for the treatment of depression. Conclusion Literature cited in this review highly supports the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in depression. As impairment in the mitochondrial functions lead to the generation of various insults that exaggerate the pathogenesis of depression. So, it is useful to study mitochondrial dysfunction in relation to mood disorders, synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis and enhancing the functions of mitochondria might show promiscuous effects in the treatment of depressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh - 160 014 India.
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