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Huq E, Lin C, Quail PH. Light signaling in plants-a selective history. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:213-231. [PMID: 38431282 PMCID: PMC11060691 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
In addition to providing the radiant energy that drives photosynthesis, sunlight carries signals that enable plants to grow, develop and adapt optimally to the prevailing environment. Here we trace the path of research that has led to our current understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the plant's capacity to perceive and transduce these signals into appropriate growth and developmental responses. Because a fully comprehensive review was not possible, we have restricted our coverage to the phytochrome and cryptochrome classes of photosensory receptors, while recognizing that the phototropin and UV classes also contribute importantly to the full scope of light-signal monitoring by the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enamul Huq
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and The Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Chentao Lin
- Basic Forestry and Plant Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Peter H Quail
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Plant Gene Expression Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA
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2
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Sineshchekov VA. Applications of fluorescence spectroscopy in the investigation of plant phytochrome invivo. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108434. [PMID: 38412703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Fluorometry is an effective research tool in biology and medicine; it is widely used in the study of the photosynthetic pigment apparatus in vivo. This method can be applied to the key plant photoreceptor phytochrome (phy). The fluorescence of phytochrome in plants was recorded for the first time in the group of the author, and a spectrofluorometric technique for its in vivo study was developed. The photophysical and photochemical properties of the pigment were described, and the photoreceptor was shown to be present in plants as two phenomenological types-active (at cryogenic temperatures) and water-soluble (Pr') and inactive and amphiphilic (Pr″). The scheme of the photoreaction explaining their photochemical distinctions was proposed. Phytochrome A was shown to comprise both types (phyA' and phyA″), whereas phytochrome B was only the second type. For phyA', distinct conformers have been detected. phyA' and phyA″ differ by the N-terminus of the molecule, possibly by serine phosphorylation. They mediate, respectively, the very low fluence and high irradiance photoresponses. Light, internal factors (kinase/phosphatase balance, pH), and hormones (jasmonate) were shown to affect the content and functions of the two phyA pools. All this points to the effectiveness of the developed method for invivo investigations of the phytochrome system. The data obtained can be applied in practical terms in agrobiology and light culture, as well as in the use of phytochrome as a new nanotool and a fluorescent probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Sineshchekov
- Biology Department, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
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3
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Lin Y. Visual Functional-Structural Plant Modeling Innovatively as a Compound Eye: Opening a New Way for Advancing the Scientific Cognition of Plant Vision. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303399. [PMID: 37875392 PMCID: PMC10724382 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant vision is an interesting interdisciplinary branch of botany and vision science, and its emerging studies have composed an epic journey of discovery. However, there are few endeavors on modeling how a plant as an integrity sees. Inspired by the similarity between those discovered laws of plant vision and the visual performance of some insect species with compound eyes, the visual functional-structural plant modeling as a compound eye is innovatively proposed. Using this adapted basic-pattern-oriented modeling, we tried to validate its feasibility in terms of the structural support, visual pathway, and functional performance. First, for a diversity of woody plants, their crowns proved to show self-similar profiles, which render the omnidirectional surfaces for structurally supporting the proposed model. Second, for many plant species, their branching proved to abide by the Pareto front, which ensures the optimality of assuming the visual pathway along the branching network. Third, in canopies the varying, but existing horizontal and vertical modes of crown shyness are detected, which in functional performance accords with the panoramic visibility of the proposed model. Overall, the feasibility of compound eye modeling is validated preliminarily, with the implication of opening a way for advancing the scientific cognition of plant vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- School of Earth and Space SciencesPeking UniversityNo. 5 Yiheyuan RoadBeijing100871China
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4
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Careno DA, Assaf CH, Eggermont EDC, Canelo M, Cerdán PD, Yanovsky MJ. Role of Phytochromes in Red Light-Regulated Alternative Splicing in Arabidopsis thaliana: Impactful but Not Indispensable. Cells 2023; 12:2447. [PMID: 37887291 PMCID: PMC10605401 DOI: 10.3390/cells12202447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is both the main source of energy and a key environmental signal for plants. It regulates not only gene expression but also the tightly related processes of splicing and alternative splicing (AS). Two main pathways have been proposed to link light sensing with the splicing machinery. One occurs through a photosynthesis-related signal, and the other is mediated by photosensory proteins, such as red light-sensing phytochromes. Here, we evaluated the relative contribution of each of these pathways by performing a transcriptome-wide analysis of light regulation of AS in plants that do not express any functional phytochrome (phyQ). We found that an acute 2-h red-light pulse in the middle of the night induces changes in the splicing patterns of 483 genes in wild-type plants. Approximately 30% of these genes also showed strong light regulation of splicing patterns in phyQ mutant plants, revealing that phytochromes are important but not essential for the regulation of AS by R light. We then performed a meta-analysis of related transcriptomic datasets and found that different light regulatory pathways can have overlapping targets in terms of AS regulation. All the evidence suggests that AS is regulated simultaneously by various light signaling pathways, and the relative contribution of each pathway is highly dependent on the plant developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alejandro Careno
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (C.H.A.); (E.D.C.E.); (M.C.); (P.D.C.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Constanza Helena Assaf
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (C.H.A.); (E.D.C.E.); (M.C.); (P.D.C.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Eline Dieuwerke Catharina Eggermont
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (C.H.A.); (E.D.C.E.); (M.C.); (P.D.C.)
- Plant-Environment Signaling Group, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Micaela Canelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (C.H.A.); (E.D.C.E.); (M.C.); (P.D.C.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Pablo Diego Cerdán
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (C.H.A.); (E.D.C.E.); (M.C.); (P.D.C.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Javier Yanovsky
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires–Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IIBBA-CONICET), Buenos Aires C1405BWE, Argentina; (C.H.A.); (E.D.C.E.); (M.C.); (P.D.C.)
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5
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Qiu X, Sun G, Liu F, Hu W. Functions of Plant Phytochrome Signaling Pathways in Adaptation to Diverse Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13201. [PMID: 37686008 PMCID: PMC10487518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochromes are receptors for red light (R)/far-red light (FR), which are not only involved in regulating the growth and development of plants but also in mediated resistance to various stresses. Studies have revealed that phytochrome signaling pathways play a crucial role in enabling plants to cope with abiotic stresses such as high/low temperatures, drought, high-intensity light, and salinity. Phytochromes and their components in light signaling pathways can also respond to biotic stresses caused by insect pests and microbial pathogens, thereby inducing plant resistance against them. Given that, this paper reviews recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of action of phytochromes in plant resistance to adversity and discusses the importance of modulating the genes involved in phytochrome signaling pathways to coordinate plant growth, development, and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qiu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Guanghua Sun
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
| | - Fen Liu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
| | - Weiming Hu
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332000, China; (X.Q.); (G.S.)
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6
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Hammock HA, Sams CE. Variation in supplemental lighting quality influences key aroma volatiles in hydroponically grown 'Italian Large Leaf' basil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1184664. [PMID: 37434608 PMCID: PMC10332322 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1184664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The spectral quality of supplemental greenhouse lighting can directly influence aroma volatiles and secondary metabolic resource allocation (i.e., specific compounds and classes of compounds). Research is needed to determine species-specific secondary metabolic responses to supplemental lighting (SL) sources with an emphasis on variations in spectral quality. The primary objective of this experiment was to determine the impact of supplemental narrowband blue (B) and red (R) LED lighting ratios and discrete wavelengths on flavor volatiles in hydroponic basil (Ocimum basilicum var. Italian Large Leaf). A natural light (NL) control and different broadband lighting sources were also evaluated to establish the impact of adding discrete and broadband supplements to the ambient solar spectrum. Each SL treatment provided 8.64 mol.m-2.d-1 (100 µmol.m-2.s-1, 24 h.d-1) photon flux. The daily light integral (DLI) of the NL control averaged 11.75 mol.m-2.d-1 during the growth period (ranging from 4 to 20 mol.m-2.d-1). Basil plants were harvested 45 d after seeding. Using GC-MS, we explored, identified, and quantified several important volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with known influence on sensory perception and/or plant physiological processes of sweet basil. We found that the spectral quality from SL sources, in addition to changes in the spectra and DLI of ambient sunlight across growing seasons, directly influence basil aroma volatile concentrations. Further, we found that specific ratios of narrowband B/R wavelengths, combinations of discrete narrowband wavelengths, and broadband wavelengths directly and differentially influence the overall aroma profile as well as specific compounds. Based on the results of this study, we recommend supplemental 450 and 660 nm (± 20 nm) wavelengths at a ratio of approximately 10B/90R at 100-200 µmol.m-2.s-1, 12-24 h.d-1 for sweet basil grown under standard greenhouse conditions, with direct consideration of the natural solar spectrum and DLI provided for any given location and growing season. This experiment demonstrates the ability to use discrete narrowband wavelengths to augment the natural solar spectrum to provide an optimal light environment across variable growing seasons. Future experiments should investigate SL spectral quality for the optimization of sensory compounds in other high-value specialty crops.
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7
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Ranade SS, García-Gil MR. Clinal variation in PHY (PAS domain) and CRY (CCT domain)-Signs of local adaptation to light quality in Norway spruce. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023. [PMID: 37291974 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Detection of the genomic basis of local adaptation to environmental conditions is challenging in forest trees. Phytochromes (PHY) and cryptochromes (CRY) perceive the red (R)/far-red (FR) and blue light respectively, thus playing a fundamental role in regulating plant growth and development. PHYO and PHYP from conifers are the equivalents of PHYA/PHYC and PHYB in angiosperms, respectively. Norway spruce shows an adaptive latitudinal cline for shade (low R:FR or FR-enriched light) tolerance and requirement of FR light for its growth. We analyzed the exome capture data that included a uniquely large data set of 1654 Norway spruce trees sampled across many latitudes in Sweden to capture the natural clines for photoperiod and FR light exposure during the growth season. Statistically significant clinal variation was detected in allele and genotype frequencies of missense mutations in coding regions belonging to well-defined functional domains of PHYO (PAS-B), PHYP2 (PAS fold-2), CRY1 (CCT1) and CRY2 (CCT2) that strongly correlates with the latitudinal gradient in response to variable light quality in Norway spruce. The missense SNP in PHYO resulting in Asn835Ser, displayed the steepest cline among all other polymorphisms. We propose that these variations in the photoreceptors represent signs of local adaptation to light quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonali Sachin Ranade
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - María Rosario García-Gil
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
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Trivellini A, Toscano S, Romano D, Ferrante A. The Role of Blue and Red Light in the Orchestration of Secondary Metabolites, Nutrient Transport and Plant Quality. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2026. [PMID: 37653943 PMCID: PMC10223693 DOI: 10.3390/plants12102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Light is a fundamental environmental parameter for plant growth and development because it provides an energy source for carbon fixation during photosynthesis and regulates many other physiological processes through its signaling. In indoor horticultural cultivation systems, sole-source light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have shown great potential for optimizing growth and producing high-quality products. Light is also a regulator of flowering, acting on phytochromes and inducing or inhibiting photoperiodic plants. Plants respond to light quality through several light receptors that can absorb light at different wavelengths. This review summarizes recent progress in our understanding of the role of blue and red light in the modulation of important plant quality traits, nutrient absorption and assimilation, as well as secondary metabolites, and includes the dynamic signaling networks that are orchestrated by blue and red wavelengths with a focus on transcriptional and metabolic reprogramming, plant productivity, and the nutritional quality of products. Moreover, it highlights future lines of research that should increase our knowledge to develop tailored light recipes to shape the plant characteristics and the nutritional and nutraceutical value of horticultural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Trivellini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy;
| | - Stefania Toscano
- Department of Science Veterinary, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Daniela Romano
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy;
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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9
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Trivellini A, Toscano S, Romano D, Ferrante A. LED Lighting to Produce High-Quality Ornamental Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1667. [PMID: 37111890 PMCID: PMC10144751 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The flexibility of LED technology, in terms of energy efficiency, robustness, compactness, long lifetime, and low heat emission, as well as its applications as a sole source or supplemental lighting system, offers interesting potential, giving the ornamental industry an edge over traditional production practices. Light is a fundamental environmental factor that provides energy for plants through photosynthesis, but it also acts as a signal and coordinates multifaceted plant-growth and development processes. With manipulations of light quality affecting specific plant traits such as flowering, plant architecture, and pigmentation, the focus has been placed on the ability to precisely manage the light growing environment, proving to be an effective tool to produce tailored plants according to market request. Applying lighting technology grants growers several productive advantages, such as planned production (early flowering, continuous production, and predictable yield), improved plant habitus (rooting and height), regulated leaf and flower color, and overall improved quality attributes of commodities. Potential LED benefits to the floriculture industry are not limited to the aesthetic and economic value of the product obtained; LED technology also represents a solid, sustainable option for reducing agrochemical (plant-growth regulators and pesticides) and energy inputs (power energy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Trivellini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy;
| | - Stefania Toscano
- Department of Science Veterinary, Università degli Studi di Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
| | - Daniela Romano
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Università degli Studi di Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy;
| | - Antonio Ferrante
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences—Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
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10
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Sun T, Wang Y, Wu X, Ye J, Cheng F. Promoting the application of Pinus thunbergii Parl. to enhance the growth and survival rates of post-germination somatic plantlets. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:195. [PMID: 37041469 PMCID: PMC10091573 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04175-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a growing need for nematode resistant Pinaceae species plantlets to cope with the global scale degradation of coniferous forests, due to the prevalence of pine wilt disease. One of the bottlenecks that limits the commercialization of Pinaceae species plantlets is regeneration following their transfer from controlled sterile environments to the field while maintaining high survival rates. METHODS The growth factors of somatic plantlets (SPs), such as sucrose, media, culture substrate, brassinolide and spectrum were investigated to promote the application of somatic nematode-resistant P. thunbergii plants in afforestation. RESULTS The 1/2 WPM liquid medium, culture substrate (perlite and vermiculite =1:1), and carbohydrate (20 g/L sucrose) were effective in stimulating the growth of rooted SPs. While for unrooted SPs, 1 ug/L of brassinolide enhanced plantlet growth and rooting. And blue light (B) significantly promoted the longitudinal growth of shoots, while red light (R) was beneficial for root growth during the laboratory domestication stage. High quality SPs were obtained at a R/B ratio of 8:2. Following this acclimatization protocol, the P. thunbergii SPs could be directly transplanted to the field with a higher survival rate (85.20 %) in a forcing house. CONCLUSION this acclimatization protocol extremely improved the survival rate of P. thunbergii SPs. Moreover, this work will contribute to enhancing the possibilities for somatic plant afforestation with Pinus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Sun
- Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Collaborative College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Prevention and Management of Invasive Species, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Anhui Agricultural University, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wu
- Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Collaborative College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianren Ye
- Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Collaborative College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Fang Cheng
- Management Bureau of Guangdong Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve, Huizhou, China
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11
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Lo Piccolo E, Lauria G, Guidi L, Remorini D, Massai R, Landi M. Shedding light on the effects of LED streetlamps on trees in urban areas: Friends or foes? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161200. [PMID: 36581265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Streetlamp illumination disturbs the natural physiological processes and circadian rhythms of living organisms, including photosynthesizing "citizens". The light-emitting diode (LED) technology has replaced high-pressure sodium lamps. Therefore, the effects of LED streetlamps on urban trees need to be elucidated as these new lamps have a different light spectrum (with a peak in the blue and red regions of the spectrum, i.e., highly efficient wavebands for photosynthesis) compared to older technologies. To address the above-mentioned issue, two widely utilised tree species in the urban environment, including Platanus × acerifolia (P) and Tilia platyphyllos (T), were grown with or without the effect of LED streetlamps using two realistic illumination intensities (300 and 700 μmol m-2 s-1). Gas exchanges and biochemical features (starch, soluble sugar, and chlorophyll content) of illuminated vs non-illuminated trees were compared during the whole vegetative season. Our results showed that both tree species were strongly influenced by LED streetlamps at physiological and biochemical levels. Specifically, the mature leaves of P and T streetlamp-illuminated trees had a lower CO2 assimilation rate at dawn and had higher chlorophyll content, with lower starch content than controls. Our results showed that the differences between the effects of the two selected light intensities on the physiochemical attributes of P and T trees were not statistically significant, suggesting the absence of a dose-dependent effect. The most significant difference between T and P trees concerning the LED-triggered species-specific effect was that the delay in winter dormancy occurred only in P individuals. This study provided insights into the extent of LED streetlamp disturbance on trees. Our findings might raise awareness of the necessity to provide less impacting solutions to improve the wellness of trees in the urban environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Lo Piccolo
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - G Lauria
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - L Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - D Remorini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - R Massai
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - M Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80-56124 Pisa, Italy; CIRSEC, Centre for Climate Change Impact, University of Pisa, Italy.
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12
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Zhao L, Zou M, Jiang S, Dong X, Deng K, Na T, Wang J, Xia Z, Wang F. Insights into the Genetic Determination of the Autotetraploid Potato Plant Height. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:507. [PMID: 36833433 PMCID: PMC9957462 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant height is an important characteristic, the modification of which can improve the ability of stress adaptation as well as the yield. In this study, genome-wide association analysis was performed for plant height traits in 370 potato cultivars using the tetraploid potato genome as a reference. A total of 92 significant single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci for plant height were obtained, which were particularly significant in haplotypes A3 and A4 on chromosome 1 and A1, A2, and A4 on chromosome 5. Thirty-five candidate genes were identified that were mainly involved in the gibberellin and brassinolide signal transduction pathways, including the FAR1 gene, methyltransferase, ethylene response factor, and ubiquitin protein ligase. Among them, PIF3 and GID1a were only present on chromosome 1, with PIF3 in all four haplotypes and GID1a in haplotype A3. This could lead to more effective genetic loci for molecular marker-assisted selection breeding as well as more precise localization and cloning of genes for plant height traits in potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhao
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- National Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Meiling Zou
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Sirong Jiang
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Xiaorui Dong
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Ke Deng
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- National Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Tiancang Na
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- National Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- National Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Zhiqiang Xia
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- National Key Laboratory of Sanjiangyuan Ecology and Plateau Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
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13
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Vinterhalter D, Vinterhalter B, Motyka V. Periodicity and Spectral Composition of Light in the Regulation of Hypocotyl Elongation of Sunflower Seedlings. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11151982. [PMID: 35956460 PMCID: PMC9370364 DOI: 10.3390/plants11151982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the hypocotyl elongation of sunflower seedlings germinated under different light conditions. Elongation was rhythmic under diurnal (LD) photoperiods but uniform (arrhythmic) under free-running conditions of white light (LL) or darkness (DD). On the sixth day after the onset of germination, seedlings were entrained in all diurnal photoperiods. Their hypocotyl elongation was dual, showing different kinetics in daytime and nighttime periods. The daytime elongation peak was around midday and 1–2 h after dusk in the nighttime. Plantlets compensated for the differences in the daytime and nighttime durations and exhibited similar overall elongation rates, centered around the uniform elongation in LL conditions. Thus, plants from diurnal photoperiods and LL could be grouped together as white-light treatments that suppressed hypocotyl elongation. Hypocotyl elongation was significantly higher under DD than under white-light photoperiods. In continuous monochromatic blue, yellow, green, or red light, hypocotyl elongation was also uniform and very high. The treatments with monochromatic light and DD had similar overall elongation rates; thus, they could be grouped together. Compared with white light, monochromatic light promoted hypocotyl elongation. Suppression of hypocotyl elongation and rhythmicity reappeared in some combination with two or more monochromatic light colors. The presence of red light was obligatory for this suppression. Plantlets entrained in diurnal photoperiods readily slipped from rhythmic into uniform elongation if they encountered any kind of free-running conditions. These transitions occurred whenever the anticipated duration of daytime or nighttime was extended more than expected, or when plantlets were exposed to constant monochromatic light. This study revealed significant differences in the development of sunflower plantlets illuminated with monochromatic or white light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Vinterhalter
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (D.V.); (B.V.)
| | - Branka Vinterhalter
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
- Correspondence: (D.V.); (B.V.)
| | - Vaclav Motyka
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic;
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14
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Lu Q, Liu H, Hong Y, Liang X, Li S, Liu H, Li H, Wang R, Deng Q, Jiang H, Varshney RK, Pandey MK, Chen X. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression of FAR1 Gene Family Provide Insight Into Pod Development in Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:893278. [PMID: 35592563 PMCID: PMC9111957 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.893278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The far-red-impaired response 1 (FAR1) transcription family were initially identified as important factors for phytochrome A (phyA)-mediated far-red light signaling in Arabidopsis; they play crucial roles in controlling the growth and development of plants. The reported reference genome sequences of Arachis, including A. duranensis, A. ipaensis, A. monticola, and A. hypogaea, and its related species Glycine max provide an opportunity to systematically perform a genome-wide identification of FAR1 homologous genes and investigate expression patterns of these members in peanut species. Here, a total of 650 FAR1 genes were identified from four Aarchis and its closely related species G. max. Of the studied species, A. hypogaea contained the most (246) AhFAR1 genes, which can be classified into three subgroups based on phylogenic relationships. The synonymous (Ks) and non-synonymous (Ka) substitution rates, phylogenetic relationship and synteny analysis of the FAR1 family provided deep insight into polyploidization, evolution and domestication of peanut AhFAR1 genes. The transcriptome data showed that the AhFAR1 genes exhibited distinct tissue- and stage-specific expression patterns in peanut. Three candidate genes including Ahy_A10g049543, Ahy_A06g026579, and Ahy_A10g048401, specifically expressed in peg and pod, might participate in pod development in the peanut. The quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses confirmed that the three selected genes were highly and specifically expressed in the peg and pod. This study systematically analyzed gene structure, evolutionary characteristics and expression patterns of FAR1 gene family, which will provide a foundation for the study of genetic and biological function in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanbin Hong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuanqiang Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxiong Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haifen Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Runfeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanqing Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huifang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rajeev K. Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Manish K. Pandey
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, South China Peanut Sub-Center of National Center of Oilseed Crops Improvement, Guangzhou, China
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15
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LED alternating between blue and red-orange light improved the biomass and lipid productivity of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. J Biotechnol 2021; 341:96-102. [PMID: 34537254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Light management is important for improving algae cultivation, specifically by enhancing the productivity of biomass and valued bioproducts. In this study, we present evidence that alternating blue and red-orange light can improve the algal growth kinetics and lipid production in a photobioreactor. Blue (430-445, 460-470 nm) and red-orange light (580-660 nm) from a LED were set at the light saturation point (B: 65 μmol/m2s; RO: 155 μmol/m2s) and alternated for the cultivation of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Growth kinetics, lipid, carbohydrate, and protein content were measured as a function of alternating illumination time. Results reveal that the first illumination light and illumination time had a significant impact on the growth kinetics and nutrient composition. When the red-orange light illumination was used at the beginning of cultivation (RO/B alternation), the biomass concentration and productivity increased 8% and 18% on average, respectively; lipid mass fraction and concentration increased 21-27% and 24-26% when 0.25-0.50 h per day of blue light illumination was used; no significant change of carbohydrate and protein content were observed. Relative to blue light alone, the improvement of growth kinetics, lipid mass fraction and concentration, and the carbohydrate concentration was significant. Under B/RO alternation (when the blue light was used first), on average, the protein content was significantly higher than RO/B alternation.
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16
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Siatkowska K, Chraniuk M, Bollin P, Banasiuk R. Light emitting diodes optimisation for secondary metabolites production by Droseraceae plants. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2021; 224:112308. [PMID: 34543848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The most abundant active compound in Droseraceae is plumbagin, a naphthoquinone widely used for medical purposes due to its antimicrobial, antitussive, antimalarial and anticancer properties. In this work, we created a light-emitting diode (LED) based culture illumination setup as an alternative to fluorescent lamps traditionally used as a light source in plant in vitro cultures. The plants of Drosera binata and Drosera peltata cultured under LED illumination grew equally well and produced similar amounts of biologically active compounds as plants grown under fluorescent lamps. The plants were cultured on two media differing in mineral composition, sucrose content and pH. Secondary metabolites were extracted with ethanol from the plants after harvesting. The extracts were subjected to HPLC and microbiological analyses. We observed differences in morphology and secondary metabolism between plants of the same species grown on different media. However, we did not note significant changes in secondary metabolite yield under assessed lighting conditions. We propose LEDs as a more efficient, eco-friendly and economically reasonable source of light for big scale in vitro production of plumbagin in Drosera species than fluorescent lamps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Siatkowska
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdańsk, Poland; Herbiopharm sp. z o.o., Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Milena Chraniuk
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdańsk, Poland; Herbiopharm sp. z o.o., Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Piotr Bollin
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Rafał Banasiuk
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdańsk, Poland; Herbiopharm sp. z o.o., Gdańsk, Poland.
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17
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Hashim M, Ahmad B, Drouet S, Hano C, Abbasi BH, Anjum S. Comparative Effects of Different Light Sources on the Production of Key Secondary Metabolites in Plants In Vitro Cultures. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1521. [PMID: 34451566 PMCID: PMC8398697 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant secondary metabolites are known to have a variety of biological activities beneficial to human health. They are becoming more popular as a result of their unique features and account for a major portion of the pharmacological industry. However, obtaining secondary metabolites directly from wild plants has substantial drawbacks, such as taking a long time, posing a risk of species extinction owing to over-exploitation, and producing a limited quantity. Thus, there is a paradigm shift towards the employment of plant tissue culture techniques for the production of key secondary metabolites in vitro. Elicitation appears to be a viable method for increasing phytochemical content and improving the quality of medicinal plants and fruits and vegetables. In vitro culture elicitation activates the plant's defense response and increases the synthesis of secondary metabolites in larger proportions, which are helpful for therapeutic purposes. In this respect, light has emerged as a unique and efficient elicitor for enhancing the in vitro production of pharmacologically important secondary metabolites. Various types of light (UV, fluorescent, and LEDs) have been found as elicitors of secondary metabolites, which are described in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Hashim
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Bushra Ahmad
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Samantha Drouet
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Eure & Loir Campus, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France; (S.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures, INRAE USC1328, Eure & Loir Campus, University of Orleans, 28000 Chartres, France; (S.D.); (C.H.)
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 15320, Pakistan;
| | - Sumaira Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology, Kinnaird College for Women, Jail Road, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
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18
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Kim JY, Lee JH, Park CM. A Multifaceted Action of Phytochrome B in Plant Environmental Adaptation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:659712. [PMID: 34239522 PMCID: PMC8258378 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.659712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Light acts as a vital external cue that conveys surrounding information into plant growth and performance to facilitate plants to coordinate with changing environmental conditions. Upon exposure to light illumination, plants trigger a burst of molecular and physiological signaling cascades that induces not only photomorphogenic responses but also diverse adaptive behaviors. Notably, light responses and photomorphogenic traits are often associated with plant responses to other environmental cues, such as heat, cold, drought, and herbivore and pathogen attack. Growing evidence in recent years demonstrate that the red/far-red light-absorbing phytochrome (phy) photoreceptors, in particular phyB, play an essential role in plant adaptation responses to abiotic and biotic tensions by serving as a key mediator of information flow. It is also remarkable that phyB mediates the plant priming responses to numerous environmental challenges. In this minireview, we highlight recent advances on the multifaceted role of phyB during plant environmental adaptation. We also discuss the biological relevance and efficiency of the phy-mediated adaptive behaviors in potentially reducing fitness costs under unfavorable environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - June-Hee Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chung-Mo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Liu Z, An C, Zhao Y, Xiao Y, Bao L, Gong C, Gao Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the CsFHY3/FAR1 Gene Family and Expression Analysis under Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Tea Plants ( Camellia sinensis). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10030570. [PMID: 33802900 PMCID: PMC8002597 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The FHY3/FAR1 transcription factor family, derived from transposases, plays important roles in light signal transduction, and in the growth and development of plants. However, the homologous genes in tea plants have not been studied. In this study, 25 CsFHY3/FAR1 genes were identified in the tea plant genome through a genome-wide study, and were classified into five subgroups based on their phylogenic relationships. Their potential regulatory roles in light signal transduction and photomorphogenesis, plant growth and development, and hormone responses were verified by the existence of the corresponding cis-acting elements. The transcriptome data showed that these genes could respond to salt stress and shading treatment. An expression analysis revealed that, in different tissues, especially in leaves, CsFHY3/FAR1s were strongly expressed, and most of these genes were positively expressed under salt stress (NaCl), and negatively expressed under low temperature (4 °C) stress. In addition, a potential interaction network demonstrated that PHYA, PHYC, PHYE, LHY, FHL, HY5, and other FRSs were directly or indirectly associated with CsFHY3/FAR1 members. These results will provide the foundation for functional studies of the CsFHY3/FAR1 family, and will contribute to the breeding of tea varieties with high light efficiency and strong stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Chuanjing An
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Yiqing Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Foreign Languages, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Lu Bao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Chunmei Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.B.); (C.G.)
| | - Yuefang Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (Z.L.); (Y.Z.); (L.B.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-8708-2613
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20
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D'Amico-Damião V, Lúcio JCB, Oliveira R, Gaion LA, Barreto RF, Carvalho RF. Cryptochrome 1a depends on blue light fluence rate to mediate osmotic stress responses in tomato. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 258-259:153374. [PMID: 33626482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The participation of plant cryptochromes in water deficit response mechanisms has been highlighted in several reports. However, the role of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cryptochrome 1a (cry1a) in the blue light fluence-dependent modulation of the water deficit response remains largely elusive. The tomato cry1a mutant and its wild-type counterpart were grown in water (no stress) or PEG6000 (osmotic stress) treatments under white light (60 μmol m-2 s-1) or from low to high blue light fluence (1, 5, 10, 15 and 25 μmol m-2 s-1). We first demonstrate that under nonstress conditions cry1a regulates seedling growth by mechanisms that involve pigmentation, lipid peroxidation and osmoprotectant accumulation in a blue light-dependent manner. In addition, we further highlighted under osmotic stress conditions that cry1a increased tomato growth by reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline accumulation. Although blue light is an environmental signal that influences osmotic stress responses mediated by tomato cry1a, specific blue light fluence rates are required during these responses. Here, we show that CRY1a manipulation may be a potential biotechnological target to develop a drought-tolerant tomato variety. Nevertheless, the complete understanding of this phenomenon requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor D'Amico-Damião
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14884-900, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - José Clebson Barbosa Lúcio
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14884-900, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Oliveira
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14884-900, Jaboticabal, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rogério Falleiros Carvalho
- Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14884-900, Jaboticabal, Brazil.
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21
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Fang Y, Zheng Y, Lu W, Li J, Duan Y, Zhang S, Wang Y. Roles of miR319-regulated TCPs in plant development and response to abiotic stress. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cj.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Li X, Manuel J, Slavens S, Crunkleton DW, Johannes TW. Interactive effects of light quality and culturing temperature on algal cell size, biomass doubling time, protein content, and carbohydrate content. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:587-597. [PMID: 33394159 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Light management strategy can be used to improve algal biomass and nutrient production. However, the response of algal metabolism to different light qualities, especially their interaction with other environmental factors, is not well understood. This study focuses on the interactive effects of light quality and culturing temperature on algal protein content and carbohydrate content of C. reinhardtii. Three LED light sources (blue light, red-orange light, and white-yellow light) were applied to grow algae in batch cultures with a light intensity of 105 μmol/m2s under the temperatures of 24 °C to 32 °C. The protein and carbohydrate content were measured in both the late exponential growth phase and the late stationary growth phase. The results revealed that there was an interactive effect of light quality and culturing temperature on the protein and carbohydrate content. The combined conditions of blue light and a temperature of 24 °C or 28 °C, which induced a larger algal cell size with a prolonged cell cycle and a low division rate, resulted in the highest protein content; the protein mass fraction and concentration were 32% and 52% higher than that under white-yellow light at 32 °C. The combined conditions of red-orange light and a temperature of 24 °C, which promoted both the cell division and size growth, enhanced the carbohydrate content; the carbohydrate mass fraction and concentration were 161% and 155% higher than that under white-yellow light at 24 °C. When there was temperature stress (32 °C) or nutrient stress, the effect of light quality reduced, and the difference of protein and carbohydrate content among the three light qualities decreased. KEY POINTS: • Studied light quality-temperature interactive effect on protein, carbohydrate synthesis. • Protein content was high under low cell division rate. • Carbohydrate content was high under high cell division and cell size growth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpeng Li
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Jacob Manuel
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Shelyn Slavens
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Daniel W Crunkleton
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Tyler W Johannes
- Russell School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA.
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23
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Matsusaka D, Filiault D, Sanchez DH, Botto JF. Ultra-High-Density QTL Marker Mapping for Seedling Photomorphogenesis Mediating Arabidopsis Establishment in Southern Patagonia. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:677728. [PMID: 34367202 PMCID: PMC8343176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.677728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana shows a wide range of genetic and trait variation among wild accessions. Because of its unparalleled biological and genomic resources, Arabidopsis has a high potential for the identification of genes underlying ecologically important complex traits, thus providing new insights on genome evolution. Previous research suggested that distinct light responses were crucial for Arabidopsis establishment in a peculiar ecological niche of southern Patagonia. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic basis of contrasting light-associated physiological traits that may have mediated the rapid adaptation to this new environment. From a biparental cross between the photomorphogenic contrasting accessions Patagonia (Pat) and Columbia (Col-0), we generated a novel recombinant inbred line (RIL) population, which was entirely next-generation sequenced to achieve ultra-high-density saturating molecular markers resulting in supreme mapping sensitivity. We validated the quality of the RIL population by quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping for seedling de-etiolation, finding seven QTLs for hypocotyl length in the dark and continuous blue light (Bc), continuous red light (Rc), and continuous far-red light (FRc). The most relevant QTLs, Rc1 and Bc1, were mapped close together to chromosome V; the former for Rc and Rc/dark, and the latter for Bc, FRc, and dark treatments. The additive effects of both QTLs were confirmed by independent heterogeneous inbred families (HIFs), and we explored TZP and ABA1 as potential candidate genes for Rc1 and Bc1QTLs, respectively. We conclude that the Pat × Col-0 RIL population is a valuable novel genetic resource to explore other adaptive traits in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Matsusaka
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniele Filiault
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Diego H. Sanchez
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Javier F. Botto
- IFEVA, UBA, CONICET, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Javier F. Botto,
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Sun Y, Liu Z, Guo J, Zhu Z, Zhou Y, Guo C, Hu Y, Li J, Shangguan Y, Li T, Hu Y, Wu R, Li W, Rochaix JD, Miao Y, Sun X. WRKY33-PIF4 loop is required for the regulation of H 2O 2 homeostasis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 527:922-928. [PMID: 32423827 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are continuously produced and are essential for mediating the growth and development of plants. However too much accumulation of ROS can result in the oxidative damage to cells, especially under the adverse environmental conditions. Plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to regulate the homeostasis of H2O2. In this study, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants in the Ws ecotype (Ws) background in which WRKY33 is co-suppressed (csWRKY33/Ws). Compared with Ws, csWRKY33/Ws plants accumulate more H2O2. RNA-seq analysis indicated that in csWRKY33/Ws plants, expression of oxidative stress related genes such as ascorbate peroxidase 2 (APX2) is affected. Over-expression of APX2 can rescue the phenotype of csWRKY33/Ws, suggesting that the changes in the growth of csWRKY33/Ws is duo to the higher accumulation of H2O2. Analysis of the CHIP-seq data suggested that WRKY33 can directly regulate the expression of PIF4, vice versa. qPCR analysis also confirmed that the mutual regulation between WRKY33 and PIF4. Similar to that of csWRKY33/Ws, and the accumulation of H2O2 in pif4 also increased. Taken together, our results reveal a WRKY33-PIF4 regulatory loop that appears to play an important role in regulating the growth and development of seedlings by mediating H2O2 homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Zhixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jinggong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Zhinan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Chenxi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yunhe Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Jiaoai Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yan Shangguan
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Yongjian Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Rui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Weiqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jean-David Rochaix
- Department of Molecular Biology and Plant Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, 1211, Switzerland
| | - Yuchen Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Xuwu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Guilin Road 100, Shanghai, 200234, China; State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, 85 Minglun Street, Kaifeng, 475001, China.
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Yan Z, Shen Z, Gao ZF, Chao Q, Qian CR, Zheng H, Wang BC. A comprehensive analysis of the lysine acetylome reveals diverse functions of acetylated proteins during de-etiolation in Zea mays. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 248:153158. [PMID: 32240968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is one of the most important post-translational modifications and is involved in multiple cellular processes in plants. There is evidence that acetylation may play an important role in light-induced de-etiolation, a key developmental switch from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis. During this transition, establishment of photosynthesis is of great significance. However, studies on acetylome dynamics during de-etiolation are limited. Here, we performed the first global lysine acetylome analysis for Zea mays seedlings undergoing de-etiolation, using nano liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, and identified 814 lysine-acetylated sites on 462 proteins. Bioinformatics analysis of this acetylome showed that most of the lysine-acetylated proteins are predicted to be located in the cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplast, and mitochondria. In addition, we detected ten lysine acetylation motifs and found that the accumulation of 482 lysine-acetylated peptides corresponding to 289 proteins changed significantly during de-etiolation. These proteins include transcription factors, histones, and proteins involved in chlorophyll synthesis, photosynthesis light reaction, carbon assimilation, glycolysis, the TCA cycle, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nucleotide metabolism. Our study provides an in-depth dataset that extends our knowledge of in vivo acetylome dynamics during de-etiolation in monocots. This dataset promotes our understanding of the functional consequences of lysine acetylation in diverse cellular metabolic regulatory processes, and will be a useful toolkit for further investigations of the lysine acetylome and de-etiolation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhuo Shen
- Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Zhi-Fang Gao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Qing Chao
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
| | - Chun-Rong Qian
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and Farming, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China.
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA.
| | - Bai-Chen Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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26
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Volana Randriamandimbisoa M, Manitra Nany Razafindralambo NA, Fakra D, Lucia Ravoajanahary D, Claude Gatina J, Jaffrezic-Renault N. Electrical response of plants to environmental stimuli: A short review and perspectives for meteorological applications. SENSORS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sintl.2020.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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27
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Landi M, Zivcak M, Sytar O, Brestic M, Allakhverdiev SI. Plasticity of photosynthetic processes and the accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants in response to monochromatic light environments: A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2019; 1861:148131. [PMID: 31816291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2019.148131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Light spectra significantly influence plant metabolism, growth and development. Here, we review the effects of monochromatic blue, red and green light compared to those of multispectral light sources on the morpho-anatomical, photosynthetic and molecular traits of herbaceous plants. Emphasis is given to the effect of light spectra on the accumulation of secondary metabolites, which are important bioactive phytochemicals that determine the nutritional quality of vegetables. Overall, blue light may promote the accumulation of phenylpropanoid-based compounds without substantially affecting plant morpho-anatomical traits compared to the effects of white light. Red light, conversely, strongly alters plant morphology and physiology compared to that under white light without showing a consistent positive effect on secondary metabolism. Due to species-specific effects and the small shifts in the spectral band within the same color that can substantially affect plant growth and metabolism, it is conceivable that monochromatic light significantly affects not only plant photosynthetic performance but also the "quality" of plants by modulating the biosynthesis of photoprotective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Landi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic; Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia; Department of Plant Physiology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, Russia; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku, Azerbaijan; King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Adil M, Haider Abbasi B, Ul Haq I. Red light controlled callus morphogenetic patterns and secondary metabolites production in Withania somnifera L. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 24:e00380. [PMID: 31641624 PMCID: PMC6796579 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Combination of thidiazuron and naphthalene acetic acid induced callus growth in Withania somnifera. Red light improved callus growth with lower antioxidant enzymes activities. Violet light enhanced the total phenolic and flavonoid content in callus culture of W. somnifera. Withaferin A and chlorogenic acid were detected in callus cultures.
Withania somnifera L. is an endangered medicinal plant of higher market value. The in vitro callus cultures were established on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media augmented with different plant growth regulators. The MS medium containing 0.5 mg∙L−1 of each TDZ and NAA was found to be optimal for callus formation and growth. Further, callus cultures were raised in different light wavelengths to find the right wavelength carrying the photons for the ideal cell growth of W. somnifera. Among the different wavelengths, red light was best for maximum biomass accumulation in callus culture. However, violet light condition was proven to be favouring the phenols and flavonoids synthesis in the callus cultures. Compared to other wavelengths, red light grown callus extract showed significantly higher content of chlorogenic acid, and withaferin A. This study concludes that red light treatment was optimum for maximum biomass accumulation and anti-oxidant activity in calli of W. somnifera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Adil
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry-Biotechnology Wing, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Haider Abbasi
- Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ihsan Ul Haq
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
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29
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Lanoue J, Zheng J, Little C, Thibodeau A, Grodzinski B, Hao X. Alternating Red and Blue Light-Emitting Diodes Allows for Injury-Free Tomato Production With Continuous Lighting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1114. [PMID: 31572419 PMCID: PMC6754077 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant biomass is largely dictated by the total amount of light intercepted by the plant [daily light integral (DLI) - intensity × photoperiod]. Continuous light (CL, 24 h lighting) has been hypothesized to increase plant biomass and yield if CL does not cause any injury. However, lighting longer than 18 h causes leaf injury in tomato characterized by interveinal chlorosis and yield is no longer increased with further photoperiod extension in tomatoes. Our previous research indicated the response of cucumbers to long photoperiod of lighting varies with light spectrum. Therefore, we set out to examine greenhouse tomato production under supplemental CL using an alternating red (200 µmol m-2 s-1, 06:00-18:00) and blue (50 µmol m-2 s-1, 18:00-06:00) spectrum in comparison to a 12 h supplemental lighting treatment with a red/blue mixture (200 µmol m-2 s-1 red + 50 µmol m-2 s-1 blue, 06:00-18:00) at the same DLI. Our results indicate that tomato plants grown under supplemental CL using the red and blue alternating spectrum were injury-free. Furthermore, parameters related to photosynthetic performance (i.e., Pnmax, quantum yield, and Fv/Fm) were similar between CL and 12 h lighting treatments indicating no detrimental effect of growth under CL. Leaves under CL produced higher net carbon exchange rates (NCER) during the subjective night period (18:00-06:00) compared to plants grown under 12 h lighting. Notably, 53 days into the treatment, leaves grown under CL produced positive NCER values (photosynthesis) during the subjective night period, a period typically associated with respiration. At 53 days into the growth cycle, it is estimated that leaves under CL will accumulate approximately 800 mg C m-2 more than leaves under 12 h lighting over a 24 h period. Leaves grown under CL also displayed similar diurnal patterns in carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch) as leaves under 12 h lighting indicating no adverse effects on carbohydrate metabolism under CL. Taken together, this study provides evidence that red and blue spectral alternations during CL allow for injury-free tomato production. We suggest that an alternating spectrum during CL may alleviate the injury typically associated with CL production in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Lanoue
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada
| | - Jingming Zheng
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada
| | - Celeste Little
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada
| | - Alyssa Thibodeau
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada
| | - Bernard Grodzinski
- Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Xiuming Hao
- Harrow Research and Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Harrow, ON, Canada
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30
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Brelsford CC, Nybakken L, Kotilainen TK, Robson TM. The influence of spectral composition on spring and autumn phenology in trees. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:925-950. [PMID: 30901060 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Several recent reviews highlight the molecular mechanisms that underpin phenological responses to temperature and photoperiod; however, these have mostly overlooked the influence of solar radiation and its spectral composition on these processes. For instance, solar radiation in the blue and ultraviolet (UV) regions of the spectrum, as well as the red/far-red (R:FR) ratio, can influence spring and autumn phenology. Solar radiation reaching the Earth changes diurnally and seasonally; however, rising global temperatures, latitudinal range shifts and light pollution are likely to produce novel combinations of phenological cues for tree species. Here, we review the literature on phenological responses to spectral composition. Our objective was to explore the natural variation in spectral composition using radiative transfer models and to reveal any species-specific or ecotype-specific responses relating to latitudinal origin. These responses are likely to be most pronounced at high latitudes where spectral composition varies most throughout the year. For instance, trees from high latitudes tend to be more sensitive to changes in R:FR than those from low latitudes. The effects of blue light and UV radiation on phenology have not been studied as much as those of R:FR, but the limited results available suggest both could be candidate cues affecting autumn leaf colouration and senescence. Failure of more-southern species and ecotypes to adapt and use spectral cues during northwards range shifts could result in mistimed phenology, potentially resulting in frost damage, reduced fitness and limited range expansion. Future areas for research should look to establish how consistently different functional types of tree respond to spectral cues and identify photoreceptor-mediated mechanisms that allow plants to combine information from multiple light cues to coordinate the timing of phenological events. It should then be feasible to consider the synchronous or sequential action of light cues within a hierarchy of environmental factors regulating phenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig C Brelsford
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Line Nybakken
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Titta K Kotilainen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Turku, Finland
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology, Viikki Plant Science Centre, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Chen XL, Wang LC, Li T, Yang QC, Guo WZ. Sugar accumulation and growth of lettuce exposed to different lighting modes of red and blue LED light. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6926. [PMID: 31061448 PMCID: PMC6502839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43498-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated the growth response and sugar accumulation of lettuce exposed to different lighting modes of red and blue LED light based on the same daily light integral (7.49 μmol·m-2). Six lighting treatments were performed, that were monochromatic red light (R), monochromatic blue light (B), simultaneous red and blue light as the control (RB, R:B = 1:1), mixed modes of R, B and RB (R/RB/B, 4 h R to 4 h RB and then 4 h B), and alternating red and blue light with alternating intervals of 4 h and 1 h respectively recorded as R/B(4 h) and R/B(1 h). The Results showed that different irradiation modes led to obvious morphological changes in lettuce. Among all the treatments, the highest fresh and dry weight of lettuce shoot were both detected with R/B(1 h), significantly higher than the other treatments. Compared with plants treated with RB, the contents of fructose, glucose, crude fiber as well as the total sweetness index (TSI) of lettuce were significantly enhanced by R treatment; meanwhile, monochromatic R significantly promoted the activities of sucrose degrading enzymes such as acid invertase (AI) and neutral invertase (NI), while obviously reduced the activity of sucrose synthesizing enzyme (SPS). Additionally. The highest contents of sucrose and starch accompanied with the strongest activity of SPS were detected in plants treated with R/B(1 h). The alternating treatments R/B(4 h) and R/B(1 h) inhibited the activity of SS, while enhanced that of SPS compared with the other treatments, indicating that different light environment might influence sugar compositions via regulating the activities of sucrose metabolism enzymes. On the whole, R/B(1 h) was the optimal lighting strategy in terms of lettuce yield, taste and energy use efficiency in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Chen
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Chun Wang
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qi-Chang Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Wen-Zhong Guo
- Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
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32
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Graham T, Yorio N, Zhang P, Massa G, Wheeler R. Early seedling response of six candidate crop species to increasing levels of blue light. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2019; 21:40-48. [PMID: 31101154 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Light emitting diode (LED) lighting technology for crop production is advancing at a rapid pace, both in terms of the technology itself (e.g., spectral composition and efficiency), and the research that the technological advances have enabled. The application of LED technology for crop production was first explored as a tool for improving the safety and reliability of plant-based bioregenerative life-support systems for long duration human space exploration. Developing and optimizing the lighting environment (spectral quality and quantity) for bioregenerative life-support applications and other controlled environment plant production applications, such as microgreens and sprout production, continues to be an active area of research and LED technology development. This study examines the influence of monochromatic and dichromatic red and blue light on the early development of six food crop species; Cucumis sativa, Solanum lycopersicum, Glycine max, Raphanus sativus, Pisum sativum, and Capsicum annum. Results support previous findings that light responses are often species specific. The results also support the assertion that monochromatic light can interfere with the normal interaction of various photoreceptors (co-action disruption) resulting in intermediate and sometimes unpredictable responses to a given light environment. The nature of the responses reported inform both bioregenerative life-support designs as well as light quality selection for the production of controlled environment crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Graham
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, United States; University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1 Canada.
| | - Neil Yorio
- BIOS: Biological Innovation & Optimization Systems, 907 E. Strawbridge Avenue, Suite 201, Melbourne, FL 32901, United States
| | - Ping Zhang
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1 Canada
| | - Gioia Massa
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, United States
| | - Raymond Wheeler
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Kennedy Space Center, FL 32899, United States
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Production of biomass and medicinal metabolites through adventitious roots in Ajuga bracteosa under different spectral lights. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 193:109-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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34
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Kalaitzoglou P, van Ieperen W, Harbinson J, van der Meer M, Martinakos S, Weerheim K, Nicole CCS, Marcelis LFM. Effects of Continuous or End-of-Day Far-Red Light on Tomato Plant Growth, Morphology, Light Absorption, and Fruit Production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:322. [PMID: 30984211 PMCID: PMC6448094 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Shading by sunlit leaves causes a low red (R) to far-red (FR) ratio that results in a low phytochrome stationary state (PSS). A low PSS induces an array of shade avoidance responses that influence plant architecture and development. It has often been suggested that this architectural response is advantageous for plant growth due to its positive effect on light interception. In contrast to sunlight, artificial light sources such as LEDs often lack FR, resulting in a PSS value higher than solar light (∼0.70). The aim of this study was to investigate how PSS values higher than solar radiation influence the growth and development of tomato plants. Additionally, we investigated whether a short period of FR at the end of the day (EOD-FR) could counteract any potentially negative effects caused by a lack of FR during the day. Tomato plants were grown at four PSS levels (0.70, 0.73, 0.80, and 0.88), or with a 15-min end-of-day far-red (EOD-FR) application (PSS 0.10). Photosynthetic Active Radiation (PAR; 150 μmol m-2 s-1) was supplied using red and blue (95/5%) LEDs. In an additional experiment, the same treatments were applied to plants receiving supplementary low-intensity solar light. Increasing PSS above solar PSS resulted in increased plant height. Leaf area and plant dry mass were lower in the treatments completely lacking FR than treatments with FR. EOD-FR-treated plants responded almost similarly to plants grown without FR, except for plant height, which was increased. Simulations with a 3D-model for light absorption revealed that the increase in dry mass was mainly related to an increase in light absorption due to a higher total leaf area. Increased petiole angle and internode length had a negative influence on total light absorption. Additionally, the treatments without FR and the EOD-FR showed strongly reduced fruit production due to reduced fruit growth associated with reduced source strength and delayed flowering. We conclude that growing tomato plants under artificial light without FR during the light period causes a range of inverse shade avoidance responses, which result in reduced plant source strength and reduced fruit production, which cannot be compensated by a simple EOD-FR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlos Kalaitzoglou
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Wim van Ieperen
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jeremy Harbinson
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Maarten van der Meer
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Stavros Martinakos
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kees Weerheim
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | - Leo F. M. Marcelis
- Horticulture and Product Physiology Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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35
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Brelsford CC, Morales LO, Nezval J, Kotilainen TK, Hartikainen SM, Aphalo PJ, Robson TM. Do UV-A radiation and blue light during growth prime leaves to cope with acute high light in photoreceptor mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana? PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:537-554. [PMID: 29704249 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We studied how plants acclimated to growing conditions that included combinations of blue light (BL) and ultraviolet (UV)-A radiation, and whether their growing environment affected their photosynthetic capacity during and after a brief period of acute high light (as might happen during an under-canopy sunfleck). Arabidopsis thaliana Landsberg erecta wild-type were compared with mutants lacking functional blue light and UV photoreceptors: phototropin 1, cryptochromes (CRY1 and CRY2) and UV RESISTANT LOCUS 8 (uvr8). This was achieved using light-emitting-diode (LED) lamps in a controlled environment to create treatments with or without BL, in a split-plot design with or without UV-A radiation. We compared the accumulation of phenolic compounds under growth conditions and after exposure to 30 min of high light at the end of the experiment (46 days), and likewise measured the operational efficiency of photosystem II (ϕPSII, a proxy for photosynthetic performance) and dark-adapted maximum quantum yield (Fv /Fm to assess PSII damage). Our results indicate that cryptochromes are the main photoreceptors regulating phenolic compound accumulation in response to BL and UV-A radiation, and a lack of functional cryptochromes impairs photosynthetic performance under high light. Our findings also reveal a role for UVR8 in accumulating flavonoids in response to a low UV-A dose. Interestingly, phototropin 1 partially mediated constitutive accumulation of phenolic compounds in the absence of BL. Low-irradiance BL and UV-A did not improve ϕPSII and Fv /Fm upon our acute high-light treatment; however, CRYs played an important role in ameliorating high-light stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig C Brelsford
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Luis O Morales
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jakub Nezval
- Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Titta K Kotilainen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara M Hartikainen
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pedro J Aphalo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Matthew Robson
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Viikki Plant Science Center (ViPS), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
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Khudyakova AY, Kreslavski VD, Shmarev AN, Lyubimov VY, Shirshikova GN, Pashkovskiy PP, Kuznetsov VV, Allakhverdiev SI. Impact of UV-B radiation on the photosystem II activity, pro-/antioxidant balance and expression of light-activated genes in Arabidopsis thaliana hy4 mutants grown under light of different spectral composition. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 194:14-20. [PMID: 30897399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effect of UV-B irradiation on the photosystem II (PSII) activity, the content of photosynthetic and UV-absorbing pigments (UAPs), activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD), as well as H2O2 content in 25-day-old wild type (WT) and the cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) mutant hy4 of Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 plants was studied. In addition, expression of photoreceptor genes Cry1, Cry2 and UVR8, photomorphogenetic gene COP1 and transcription factors genes HY5, HYH, the gene of chlorophyll-binding protein of the PSII CAB1 as well as the flavonoid biosynthesis genes CHS, PAL and thylakoid ascorbate peroxidase gene tAPX was examined. It has been shown that UV-B leads to a decrease in the photochemical activity of PSII (FV/FM) and the PSII performance index (PIABS) of WT plants grown on white (WL) and red (RL) light and also hy4 mutants grown on WL, RL and blue light (BL). In plants grown on BL and WL, the decrease in the PSII photochemical activity was significantly greater in hy4 compared to WT. The PSII of WT plants grown in BL was resistant to UV-B. The UAPs content of hy4 grown on BL and WL was lower than that in WT. The POD and CAT activities of WT grown in BL were significantly higher than in the mutant. In WT and hy4 plants grown in RL, a noticeable difference in these enzymes activity was not found. In both types of plants grown in BL and RL, the expression of photomorphogenetic genes HYH, HY5 markedly increased after UV-B treatment but the expression of the UV-B photoreceptor gene UVR8 was reduced in hy4 grown in BL and RL. It is assumed that reduced resistance of PSII in hy4 plants grown in BL and WL can be associated with low UAPs content as well as lowered POD and CAT activities. In addition, we suggest the lowered expression of UVR8 and COP1 genes caused by Cry1 deficiency leads to a shift of balance of oxidants and antioxidants towards oxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Yu Khudyakova
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow 142290, Russia
| | - Vladimir D Kreslavski
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow 142290, Russia; Russian Academy of Sciences, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia.
| | - Aleksandr N Shmarev
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow 142290, Russia
| | - Valery Yu Lyubimov
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow 142290, Russia
| | - Galina N Shirshikova
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow 142290, Russia
| | - Pavel P Pashkovskiy
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Kuznetsov
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow 142290, Russia; Russian Academy of Sciences, Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow 127276, Russia; Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow 119991, Russia; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutsky lane 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow 141700, Russia; Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Matbuat Avenue 2a, Baku 1073, Azerbaijan.
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Map-Based Cloning and Functional Analysis of YE1 in Rice, Which Is Involved in Light-Dependent Chlorophyll Biogenesis and Photoperiodic Flowering Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030758. [PMID: 30754644 PMCID: PMC6387406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the most important environmental factors that affect many aspects of plant growth, including chlorophyll (Chl) synthesis and flowering time. Here, we identified a rice mutant, yellow leaf and early flowering (ye1), and characterized the gene YE1 by using a map-based cloning method. YE1 encodes a heme oxygenase, which is localized to the chloroplasts. YE1 is expressed in various green tissues, especially in leaves, with a diurnal-rhythmic expression pattern, and its transcripts is also induced by light during leaf-greening. The mutant displays decreased Chl contents with less and disorderly thylakoid lamellar layers in chloroplasts, which reduced the photosynthesis rate. The early flowering phenotype of ye1 was not photoperiod-sensitive. Furthermore, the expression levels of Chl biosynthetic genes were downregulated in ye1 seedlings during de-etiolation responses to light. We also found that rhythmic expression patterns of genes involved in photoperiodic flowering were altered in the mutant. Based on these results, we infer that YE1 plays an important role in light-dependent Chl biogenesis as well as photoperiodic flowering pathway in rice.
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Sineshchekov V. Two molecular species of phytochrome A with distinct modes of action. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 46:118. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1071/fp18156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation of plants to environmental light conditions is achieved via operation of a highly complex photoreceptor apparatus. It includes the phytochrome system comprising phytochromes A and B (phyA and phyB) as the major components. phyA differs from phyB by several properties, including its ability to mediate all three photoresponse modes – the very low and low fluence responses (VLFR and LFR respectively) and the high irradiance responses (HIR), whereas phyB is responsible for LFR. This review discusses the uniqueness of phyA in terms of its structural and functional heterogeneity. The photoreceptor is presented in monocots and dicots by two native molecular species, phyAʹ and phyAʹʹ, differing by spectroscopic, photochemical and phenomenological properties. phyA differentiation into substates includes post-translational phosphorylation of a serine residue(s) at the N-terminal extension of the molecule with phyAʹ being the phosphorylated species and phyAʹʹ, dephosphorylated. They differ also by their mode of action, which depends on the cellular context. The current working hypothesis is that phyAʹ mediates VLFR and phyAʹʹ, HIR and LFR. The content and functional activity of the two pools are regulated by light and by phosphatase/kinase equilibrium and pH in darkness, what contributes to the fine-tuning of the phytochrome system. Detection of the native pools of the cryptogamic plant fern Adiantum capillus-veneris phy1 (phy1ʹ and phy1ʹʹ) similar to those of phyA suggests that the structural and functional heterogeneity of phyA is not a unique phenomenon and may have arisen earlier in the molecular evolution of the phytochrome system than the appearance of the angiosperm phytochromes.
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Sineshchekov V. Two molecular species of phytochrome A with distinct modes of action. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:118-135. [PMID: 32172754 DOI: 10.1071/fp18156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Adaptation of plants to environmental light conditions is achieved via operation of a highly complex photoreceptor apparatus. It includes the phytochrome system comprising phytochromes A and B (phyA and phyB) as the major components. phyA differs from phyB by several properties, including its ability to mediate all three photoresponse modes - the very low and low fluence responses (VLFR and LFR respectively) and the high irradiance responses (HIR), whereas phyB is responsible for LFR. This review discusses the uniqueness of phyA in terms of its structural and functional heterogeneity. The photoreceptor is presented in monocots and dicots by two native molecular species, phyA' and phyA'', differing by spectroscopic, photochemical and phenomenological properties. phyA differentiation into substates includes post-translational phosphorylation of a serine residue(s) at the N-terminal extension of the molecule with phyA' being the phosphorylated species and phyA'', dephosphorylated. They differ also by their mode of action, which depends on the cellular context. The current working hypothesis is that phyA' mediates VLFR and phyA'', HIR and LFR. The content and functional activity of the two pools are regulated by light and by phosphatase/kinase equilibrium and pH in darkness, what contributes to the fine-tuning of the phytochrome system. Detection of the native pools of the cryptogamic plant fern Adiantum capillus-veneris phy1 (phy1' and phy1'') similar to those of phyA suggests that the structural and functional heterogeneity of phyA is not a unique phenomenon and may have arisen earlier in the molecular evolution of the phytochrome system than the appearance of the angiosperm phytochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sineshchekov
- Biology Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia. Email
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40
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Pashkovskiy PP, Soshinkova TN, Korolkova DV, Kartashov AV, Zlobin IE, Lyubimov VY, Kreslavski VD, Kuznetsov VV. The effect of light quality on the pro-/antioxidant balance, activity of photosystem II, and expression of light-dependent genes in Eutrema salsugineum callus cells. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2018; 136:199-214. [PMID: 29071562 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-017-0459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The antioxidant balance, photochemical activity of photosystem II (PSII), and photosynthetic pigment content, as well as the expression of genes involved in the light signalling of callus lines of Eutrema salsugineum plants (earlier Thellungiella salsuginea) under different spectral light compositions were studied. Growth of callus in red light (RL, maximum 660 nm), in contrast to blue light (BL, maximum 450 nm), resulted in a lower H2O2 content and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The BL increased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes in comparison with the white light (WL) and RL and demonstrated the minimum level of PSII photochemical activity. The activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) had the highest values in BL, which, along with the increased H2O2 and TBARS content, indicate a higher level of oxidative stress in the cells. The expression levels of the main chloroplast protein genes of PSII (PSBA and PSBD), the NADPH-dependent oxidase gene of the plasma membrane (RbohD), the protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase genes (POR B, C) involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll, and the key photoreceptor signalling genes (CIB1, CRY2, PhyB, PhyA, and PIF3) were determined. Possible mechanisms of light quality effects on the physiological parameters of callus cells are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Pashkovskiy
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - T N Soshinkova
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Korolkova
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Kartashov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I E Zlobin
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V Yu Lyubimov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V D Kreslavski
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Vl V Kuznetsov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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41
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Leonowicz G, Trzebuniak KF, Zimak-Piekarczyk P, Ślesak I, Mysliwa-Kurdziel B. The activity of superoxide dismutases (SODs) at the early stages of wheat deetiolation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194678. [PMID: 29558520 PMCID: PMC5860746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Unbound tetrapyrroles, i.e. protochlorophyllide (Pchlide), chlorophyllide and chlorophylls, bring the risk of reactive oxygen species (ROS) being generated in the initial stages of angiosperm deetiolation due to inefficient usage of the excitation energy for photosynthetic photochemistry. We analyzed the activity of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in etiolated wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaves and at the beginning of their deetiolation. Mn-SOD and three isoforms of Cu/Zn-SODs were identified both in etiolated and greening leaves of T. aestivum. Two Cu/Zn-SODs, denoted as II and III, were found in plastids. The activity of plastidic Cu/Zn-SOD isoforms as well as that of Mn-SOD correlated with cell aging along a monocot leaf, being the highest at leaf tips. Moreover, a high Pchlide content at leaf tips was observed. No correlation between SOD activity and the accumulation of photoactive Pchlide, i.e. Pchlide bound into ternary Pchlide:Pchlide oxidoreductase:NADPH complexes was found. Cu/Zn-SOD I showed the highest activity at the leaf base. A flash of light induced photoreduction of the photoactive Pchlide to chlorophyllide as well as an increase in all the SODs activity which occurred in a minute time-scale. In the case of seedlings that were deetiolated under continuous light of moderate intensity (100 μmol photons m-2 s-1), only some fluctuations in plastidic Cu/Zn-SODs and Mn-SOD within the first four hours of greening were noticed. The activity of SODs is discussed with respect to the assembly of tetrapyrroles within pigment-protein complexes, monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy at 77 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gracjana Leonowicz
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil F. Trzebuniak
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paulina Zimak-Piekarczyk
- Department of Stress Biology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ireneusz Ślesak
- Department of Stress Biology, The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Beata Mysliwa-Kurdziel
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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42
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Sineshchekov VA, Koppel LA, Bolle C. Two native types of phytochrome A, phyAʹ and phyAʺ, differ by the state of phosphorylation at the N-terminus as revealed by fluorescence investigations of the Ser/Ala mutant of rice phyA expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 45:150. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1071/fp16261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytochrome A (phyA) mediates different photoresponses what may be connected with the existence of its two types, phyAʹ and phyAʹʹ, differing by spectroscopic, photochemical and functional properties. We investigated a role of phyA phosphorylation in their formation turning to transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (L. Heynh.) phyA or phyAphyB mutants overexpressing rice wild-type phyA (phyA WT) or mutant phyA (phyA SA) with the first 10 serines substituted by alanines. This prevents phyA phosphorylation at these sites and modifies photoresponses. Etiolated seedlings were employed and phyA parameters were evaluated with the use of low temperature fluorescence spectroscopy and photochemistry. Germination of seeds was induced by white light (WL) pre-treatment for 15 min or 3 h. Emission spectra of rice phyA WT and phyA SA were similar and their total content was comparable. However, the phyAʹ/phyAʹʹ proportion in phyA WT was high and varied with the duration of the WL pre-treatment, whereas in phyA SA it was substantially shifted towards phyAʹʹ and did not depend on the pre-illumination. This suggests that phyA SA comprises primarily or exclusively the phyAʹʹ pool and supports the notion that the two phyA types differ by the state of serine phosphorylation. phyAʹʹ was also found to be much more effective in the germination induction than phyAʹ.
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43
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Sineshchekov VA, Koppel LA, Bolle C. Two native types of phytochrome A, phyA' and phyA", differ by the state of phosphorylation at the N-terminus as revealed by fluorescence investigations of the Ser/Ala mutant of rice phyA expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:150-159. [PMID: 32291029 DOI: 10.1071/fp16261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Phytochrome A (phyA) mediates different photoresponses what may be connected with the existence of its two types, phyA' and phyA'', differing by spectroscopic, photochemical and functional properties. We investigated a role of phyA phosphorylation in their formation turning to transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana (L. Heynh.) phyA or phyAphyB mutants overexpressing rice wild-type phyA (phyA WT) or mutant phyA (phyA SA) with the first 10 serines substituted by alanines. This prevents phyA phosphorylation at these sites and modifies photoresponses. Etiolated seedlings were employed and phyA parameters were evaluated with the use of low temperature fluorescence spectroscopy and photochemistry. Germination of seeds was induced by white light (WL) pre-treatment for 15min or 3h. Emission spectra of rice phyA WT and phyA SA were similar and their total content was comparable. However, the phyA'/phyA'' proportion in phyA WT was high and varied with the duration of the WL pre-treatment, whereas in phyA SA it was substantially shifted towards phyA'' and did not depend on the pre-illumination. This suggests that phyA SA comprises primarily or exclusively the phyA'' pool and supports the notion that the two phyA types differ by the state of serine phosphorylation. phyA'' was also found to be much more effective in the germination induction than phyA'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Larissa A Koppel
- Biology Department, MV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Cordelia Bolle
- Biology Department, Ludwig Maximilian University, München, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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44
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Wang X, Wang Q, Han YJ, Liu Q, Gu L, Yang Z, Su J, Liu B, Zuo Z, He W, Wang J, Liu B, Matsui M, Kim JII, Oka Y, Lin C. A CRY-BIC negative-feedback circuitry regulating blue light sensitivity of Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 92:426-436. [PMID: 28833729 PMCID: PMC6717659 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cryptochromes are blue light receptors that regulate various light responses in plants. Arabidopsis cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) and cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) mediate blue light inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and long-day (LD) promotion of floral initiation. It has been reported recently that two negative regulators of Arabidopsis cryptochromes, Blue light Inhibitors of Cryptochromes 1 and 2 (BIC1 and BIC2), inhibit cryptochrome function by blocking blue light-dependent cryptochrome dimerization. However, it remained unclear how cryptochromes regulate the BIC gene activity. Here we show that cryptochromes mediate light activation of transcription of the BIC genes, by suppressing the activity of CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1), resulting in activation of the transcription activator ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) that is associated with chromatins of the BIC promoters. These results demonstrate a CRY-BIC negative-feedback circuitry that regulates the activity of each other. Surprisingly, phytochromes also mediate light activation of BIC transcription, suggesting a novel photoreceptor co-action mechanism to sustain blue light sensitivity of plants under the broad spectra of solar radiation in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Qin Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yun-Jeong Han
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Qing Liu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lianfeng Gu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhaohe Yang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jun Su
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Bobin Liu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zecheng Zuo
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenjin He
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Ningxia 750105, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minami Matsui
- Biomass Engineering Research Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Jeong-II Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Kumho Life Science Laboratory, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- For correspondence (, or )
| | - Yoshito Oka
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- For correspondence (, or )
| | - Chentao Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- For correspondence (, or )
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45
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Gierczik K, Novák A, Ahres M, Székely A, Soltész A, Boldizsár Á, Gulyás Z, Kalapos B, Monostori I, Kozma-Bognár L, Galiba G, Vágújfalvi A. Circadian and Light Regulated Expression of CBFs and their Upstream Signalling Genes in Barley. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1828. [PMID: 28829375 PMCID: PMC5578212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
CBF (C-repeat binding factor) transcription factors show high expression levels in response to cold; moreover, they play a key regulatory role in cold acclimation processes. Recently, however, more and more information has led to the conclusion that, apart from cold, light-including its spectra-also has a crucial role in regulating CBF expression. Earlier, studies established that the expression patterns of some of these regulatory genes follow circadian rhythms. To understand more of this complex acclimation process, we studied the expression patterns of the signal transducing pathways, including signal perception, the circadian clock and phospholipid signalling pathways, upstream of the CBF gene regulatory hub. To exclude the confounding effect of cold, experiments were carried out at 22 °C. Our results show that the expression of genes implicated in the phospholipid signalling pathway follow a circadian rhythm. We demonstrated that, from among the tested CBF genes expressed in Hordeumvulgare (Hv) under our conditions, only the members of the HvCBF4-phylogenetic subgroup showed a circadian pattern. We found that the HvCBF4-subgroup genes were expressed late in the afternoon or early in the night. We also determined the expression changes under supplemental far-red illumination and established that the transcript accumulation had appeared four hours earlier and more intensely in several cases. Based on our results, we propose a model to illustrate the effect of the circadian clock and the quality of the light on the elements of signalling pathways upstream of the HvCBFs, thus integrating the complex regulation of the early cellular responses, which finally lead to an elevated abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztián Gierczik
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - Aliz Novák
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - Mohamed Ahres
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - András Székely
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Alexandra Soltész
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Boldizsár
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Gulyás
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - Balázs Kalapos
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - István Monostori
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
| | - László Kozma-Bognár
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Informatics, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Galiba
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
- Festetics Doctoral School, Georgikon Faculty, University of Pannonia, 8360 Keszthely, Hungary.
| | - Attila Vágújfalvi
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary.
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Kreslavski VD, Kosobryukhov AA, Schmitt FJ, Semenova GA, Shirshikova GN, Khudyakova AY, Allakhverdiev SI. Photochemical activity and the structure of chloroplasts in Arabidopsis thaliana L. mutants deficient in phytochrome A and B. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:1283-1293. [PMID: 27586644 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-016-1020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The reduced content of photoreceptors, such as phytochromes, can decrease the efficiency of photosynthesis and activity of the photosystem II (PSII). For the confirmation of this hypothesis, the effect of deficiency in both phytochromes (Phy) A and B (double mutant, DM) in 7-27-day-old Arabidopsis thaliana plants on the photosynthetic activity was studied in absence and presence of UV-A radiation as a stress factor. The DM with reduced content of apoproteins of PhyA and PhyB and wild type (WT) plants with were grown in white and red light (WL and RL, respectively) of high (130 μmol quanta m-2 s-1) and low (40 μmol quanta m-2 s-1) intensity. For DM and WT grown in WL, no notable difference in the photochemical activity of PSII was observed. However, the resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus (PA) to UV-A and the rate of photosynthesis under light saturation were lower in the DM compared to those in the WT. Growth in RL, when the photoreceptors of blue light-cryptochromes-are inactive, resulted in the significant decrease of the photochemical activity of PSII in DM compared to that in WT including amounts of QB-non-reducing complexes of PSII and noticeable enhancement of thermal dissipation of absorbed light energy. In addition, marked distortion of the thylakoid membrane structure was observed for DM grown in RL. It is suggested that not only PhyA and PhyB but also cryptochromes are necessary for normal functioning of the PA and formation of the mechanisms of its resistance to UV-radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir D Kreslavski
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
| | - Anatoly A Kosobryukhov
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Franz-Josef Schmitt
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, Max-Volmer-Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Galina A Semenova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Galina N Shirshikova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Yu Khudyakova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia
| | - Suleyman I Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Street 2, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
- Controlled Photobiosynthesis Laboratory, Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276, Russia.
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-12, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Matbuat Avenue 2a, Baku, 1073, Azerbaijan.
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Yang Z, Liu B, Su J, Liao J, Lin C, Oka Y. Cryptochromes Orchestrate Transcription Regulation of Diverse Blue Light Responses in Plants. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:112-127. [PMID: 27861972 DOI: 10.1111/php.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Blue light affects many aspects of plant growth and development throughout the plant lifecycle. Plant cryptochromes (CRYs) are UV-A/blue light photoreceptors that play pivotal roles in regulating blue light-mediated physiological responses via the regulated expression of more than one thousand genes. Photoactivated CRYs regulate transcription via two distinct mechanisms: indirect promotion of the activity of transcription factors by inactivation of the COP1/SPA E3 ligase complex or direct activation or inactivation of at least two sets of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor families by physical interaction. Hence, CRYs govern intricate mechanisms that modulate activities of transcription factors to regulate multiple aspects of blue light-responsive photomorphogenesis. Here, we review recent progress in dissecting the pathways of CRY signaling and discuss accumulating evidence that shows how CRYs regulate broad physiological responses to blue light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohe Yang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bobin Liu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Su
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jiakai Liao
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chentao Lin
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Yoshito Oka
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Ozturk N. Phylogenetic and Functional Classification of the Photolyase/Cryptochrome Family. Photochem Photobiol 2017; 93:104-111. [PMID: 27864885 DOI: 10.1111/php.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The photolyase/cryptochrome (PHR/CRY) family is a large group of proteins with similar structure but very diverge functions such as DNA repair, circadian clock resetting and regulation of transcription. As a result of advances in the biochemistry of the CRY/PHR family and identification of new members, several adjustments have been made to the classification of this protein family. For example, a new class of PHRs, Class III, has been proposed. Furthermore, CRYs have been suggested to function as photosensory proteins in the primordial eye of sponge larvae. Additionally, a magnetosensory function has been attributed to certain CRYs. Recent advances in the field enabled us to propose a comprehensive classification scheme and nomenclatural system for this family. This review focuses on the computational and biochemical classifications of the PHR/CRY family. Several examples show that computational analysis can give a hinge about the function of newly discovered members before performing any biochemical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuri Ozturk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
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49
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Kushanov FN, Buriev ZT, Shermatov SE, Turaev OS, Norov TM, Pepper AE, Saha S, Ulloa M, Yu JZ, Jenkins JN, Abdukarimov A, Abdurakhmonov IY. QTL mapping for flowering-time and photoperiod insensitivity of cotton Gossypium darwinii Watt. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0186240. [PMID: 29016665 PMCID: PMC5633191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Most wild and semi-wild species of the genus Gossypium are exhibit photoperiod-sensitive flowering. The wild germplasm cotton is a valuable source of genes for genetic improvement of modern cotton cultivars. A bi-parental cotton population segregating for photoperiodic flowering was developed by crossing a photoperiod insensitive irradiation mutant line with its pre-mutagenesis photoperiodic wild-type G. darwinii Watt genotype. Individuals from the F2 and F3 generations were grown with their parental lines and F1 hybrid progeny in the long day and short night summer condition (natural day-length) of Uzbekistan to evaluate photoperiod sensitivity, i.e., flowering-time during the seasons 2008-2009. Through genotyping the individuals of this bi-parental population segregating for flowering-time, linkage maps were constructed using 212 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) and three cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) markers. Six QTLs directly associated with flowering-time and photoperiodic flowering were discovered in the F2 population, whereas eight QTLs were identified in the F3 population. Two QTLs controlling photoperiodic flowering and duration of flowering were common in both populations. In silico annotations of the flanking DNA sequences of mapped SSRs from sequenced cotton (G. hirsutum L.) genome database has identified several potential 'candidate' genes that are known to be associated with regulation of flowering characteristics of plants. The outcome of this research will expand our understanding of the genetic and molecular mechanisms of photoperiodic flowering. Identified markers should be useful for marker-assisted selection in cotton breeding to improve early flowering characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fakhriddin N. Kushanov
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Zabardast T. Buriev
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Shukhrat E. Shermatov
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Ozod S. Turaev
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Tokhir M. Norov
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Alan E. Pepper
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, Colleges Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sukumar Saha
- Crop Science Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Mauricio Ulloa
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Research, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America
| | - John Z. Yu
- Southern Plains Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Johnie N. Jenkins
- Crop Science Research Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services, Starkville, Mississippi, United States of America
| | - Abdusattor Abdukarimov
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Ibrokhim Y. Abdurakhmonov
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Genomics, Center of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
- * E-mail:
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50
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Shade Promotes Phototropism through Phytochrome B-Controlled Auxin Production. Curr Biol 2016; 26:3280-3287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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