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Okada LM, Marques ES, Levy RB, Peres MFT, Azeredo CM. Association Between Dietary Patterns and Bullying Among Adolescents in Sao Paulo-Brazil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OFFENDER THERAPY AND COMPARATIVE CRIMINOLOGY 2024; 68:299-316. [PMID: 35535611 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x221095017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have assessed the association between food consumption and bullying perpetration, but most of them have not broadly assessed food consumption, neither the distinction between forms of bullying. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between dietary patterns with bullying roles and its different types of bullying perpetration among adolescents. Data on a representative sample of ninth-grade students (N = 2,163; mean age = 14.8 years) taken from Sao Paulo Project for the social development of children and adolescents (SP-PROSO) were used. The independent variables were healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns obtained by exploratory factor analysis. The dependent variables were bullying role (victim-only, bully-only, bully-victim) and bullying perpetration (any type, social exclusion, psychological/verbal aggression, physical aggression, property destruction, sexual harassment). Multinomial and logistic regression models were performed for the total sample and stratified by sex (only for association with sexual harassment), adjusting for covariates. Adolescents who engaged in a healthy dietary pattern were less likely to be bullies (RR 0.67 [0.49, 0.92]), while adolescents with an unhealthy dietary pattern were more likely to be bully-victims (RR 1.29 [1.12, 1.48]). Unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with any type of bullying perpetration (OR 1.24 [1.12, 1.38]), mainly with sexual harassment and physical aggression. Boys who had an unhealthy dietary pattern were more likely to sexually harass another adolescent (OR 2.10 [1.20, 3.66]). In conclusion, adolescents who had a healthy dietary pattern were less likely to perpetrate bullying. Unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with bullying perpetration, especially with sexual harassment by boys.
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Damiano RF, Hoffmann MS, Gosmann NP, Pan PM, Miguel EC, Salum GA. Translating measurement into practice: Brazilian norms for the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for assessing depressive symptoms. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE PSIQUIATRIA (SAO PAULO, BRAZIL : 1999) 2023; 45. [PMID: 36934346 PMCID: PMC10668311 DOI: 10.47626/1516-4446-2022-2945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide practical norms for measuring depressive symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) in Brazil using a state-of-art psychometrics analysis. METHODS We used a large and representative Brazilian dataset from the 'Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde - 2019'(PNS-2019), which includes 90,846 Brazilian citizens. First, to assess the scale structure, we assessed the unidimensional model using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Second, we used Item Response Theory (IRT) to characterize depressive symptoms´ distribution. Then, we linked summed- and meanbased PHQ-9 scores with the IRT-based score by using generalized additive models. Finally, we generated percentiles, T scores, and a newly developed score, called D scores (decimal scores), to describe the PHQ-9 norms for Brazilian population. RESULTS CFA revealed a good fit to the unidimensional model, showing to be invariant to age and sex. IRT captured item-level information of the latent trait (reliable from 1 to 3 standard deviations above the mean). Brazilian norms were presented using summed-, T-scores, and D-scores. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to define Brazilian´s norms for the PHQ-9 among a large representative sample, using robust psychometric tools. More precise PHQ-9 scores are now available and may be widely used in primary and specialized clinical care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Furlan Damiano
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício Scopel Hoffmann
- Departamento de Neuropsiquiatria, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natan Pereira Gosmann
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Seção de Afeto Negativo e Processos Sociais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa Ambulatorial de Transtornos de Ansiedade, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Mario Pan
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eurípedes Constantino Miguel
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psiquiatria e Ciências do Comportamento, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Seção de Afeto Negativo e Processos Sociais, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Departamento de Psiquiatria e Medicina Legal, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Kohl IS, Luft VC, Patrão AL, Molina MDCB, Nunes MAA, Schmidt MI. Association between meatless diet and depressive episodes: A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the longitudinal study of adult health (ELSA-Brasil). J Affect Disord 2023; 320:48-56. [PMID: 36162679 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between vegetarianism and depression is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between a meatless diet and the presence of depressive episodes among adults. METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed with baseline data from the ELSA-Brasil cohort, which included 14,216 Brazilians aged 35 to 74 years. A meatless diet was defined from in a validated food frequency questionnaire. The Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R) instrument was used to assess depressive episodes. The association between meatless diet and presence of depressive episodes was expressed as a prevalence ratio (PR), determined by Poisson regression adjusted for potentially confounding and/or mediating variables: sociodemographic parameters, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity, several clinical variables, self-assessed health status, body mass index, micronutrient intake, protein, food processing level, daily energy intake, and changes in diet in the preceding 6 months. RESULTS We found a positive association between the prevalence of depressive episodes and a meatless diet. Meat non-consumers experienced approximately twice the frequency of depressive episodes of meat consumers, PRs ranging from 2.05 (95%CI 1.00-4.18) in the crude model to 2.37 (95%CI 1.24-4.51) in the fully adjusted model. LIMITATIONS The cross-sectional design precluded the investigation of causal relationships. CONCLUSIONS Depressive episodes are more prevalent in individuals who do not eat meat, independently of socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Nutrient deficiencies do not explain this association. The nature of the association remains unclear, and longitudinal data are needed to clarify causal relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid S Kohl
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Vivian C Luft
- Postgraduate Program in Food, Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Center for Food and Nutrition Studies (CESAN), Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Ana Luísa Patrão
- Center for Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education Science, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria Del Carmen B Molina
- Federal University of Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Federal University of Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Maria I Schmidt
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Flesch BD, Cruzeiro ALS, de Carvalho MP, Goularte LM, Delpino FM, Fassa AG. Major depressive episode in hospital workers during the Covid-19 pandemic in Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 2022; 56:107. [PMID: 36629699 PMCID: PMC9749737 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate prevalence and factors associated with major depressive episode (MDE), emphasizing occupational aspects, in workers of a public teaching hospital that is a reference for Covid-19 treatment. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out between October and December 2020, after the first peak of the pandemic, interviewing 1,155 workers. The prevalence of MDE was estimated using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) algorithm. Multivariate hierarchical analysis was conducted using Poisson regression to assess associated factors. RESULTS MDE prevalence was 15.3% (95%CI: 13.3-17.5) and was higher among young, white and female workers, those with a family history of depression, resident professionals, nursing professionals, workers who were exposed to three or more situations of moral dilemma, and those who had to put off a physiological need until later. Having a risk factor for Covid-19, being a smoker and being physically inactive were also positively associated with MDE. CONCLUSIONS The study points to the considerable prevalence of MDE among tertiary health care workers; reviewing work processes is essential to reduce occupational stress and minimize the effects of the pandemic on mental health, preventing those problems from becoming chronic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina Daniele Flesch
- Universidade Federal de PelotasDepartamento de Medicina SocialPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Departamento de Medicina Social. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Ana Laura Sica Cruzeiro
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPelotasRSBrasilUniversidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Curso de Psicologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Maitê Peres de Carvalho
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de MedicinaPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Medicina. Curso de Terapia Ocupacional. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Laura Moreira Goularte
- Universidade Federal de PelotasDepartamento de Medicina SocialPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Departamento de Medicina Social. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Felipe Mendes Delpino
- Universidade Federal de PelotasFaculdade de EnfermagemPrograma de Pós-graduação em EnfermagemPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Faculdade de Enfermagem. Programa de Pós-graduação em Enfermagem. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
| | - Anaclaudia Gastal Fassa
- Universidade Federal de PelotasDepartamento de Medicina SocialPrograma de Pós-graduação em EpidemiologiaPelotasRSBrasil Universidade Federal de Pelotas. Departamento de Medicina Social. Programa de Pós-graduação em Epidemiologia. Pelotas, RS, Brasil
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Dębska-Janus M, Dębski P, Główczyński P, Rozpara M, Badura-Brzoza K. Emotional Functioning in the Context of Health Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Health Sciences Students: The Polish Case. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:953-964. [PMID: 35469168 PMCID: PMC9034885 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s352279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Dębska-Janus
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Paweł Dębski
- Chair and Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: Paweł Dębski, Tel/Fax +48 322854358, Email
| | - Patryk Główczyński
- Chair and Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michał Rozpara
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karina Badura-Brzoza
- Chair and Clinical Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Ibiapina ARDS, Lopes-Junior LC, Veloso LUP, Costa APC, Silva FJGD, Sales JCES, Monteiro CFDS. Efeitos da musicoterapia sobre os sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em adultos com diagnóstico de transtornos mentais: revisão sistemática. ACTA PAUL ENFERM 2022; 35. [DOI: 10.37689/acta-ape/2022ar02212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
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The Dose-Response Associations of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake with the Risk of Stroke, Depression, Cancer, and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040777. [PMID: 35215425 PMCID: PMC8875574 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The associations between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and the risk of stroke, depression, cancer, and cause-specific mortality have not been determined, and the quantitative aspects of this link remain unclear. This meta-analysis therefore conducted a systematic review and dose-response analysis to determine their causal links. The database searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, Web of Science up to 10 November 2021. The intervention effects were evaluated by relative risk (RR) with 95% confidences (CI). Thirty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Higher levels of SSB consumption significantly increased the risk of stroke (RR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03–1.23), depression (1.25, 1.11–1.41), cancer (1.10, 1.03–1.17), and all-cause mortality (1.08, 1.05–1.11) compared with none or lower SSB intake. The associations were dose-dependent, with per 250 mL increment of SSB intake daily increasing the risk of stroke, depression, cancer, and all-cause mortality by RR 1.09 (1.03–1.15), 1.08 (1.06–1.10), 1.17 (1.04–1.32), and 1.07 (1.03–1.11), respectively. The link was curved for depression and cancer risk (pnon-linear < 0.05). Subgroup analysis suggested that higher SSB intake increased ischemic stroke by 10%, CVD-caused mortality by 13%, and cancer-caused mortality by 6.0% than none or lower SSB consumption. It is suggested that SSB accounts for a leading risk factor of stroke, depression, cancer, and mortality, and that the risk rises in parallel with the increment of SSB intake (and is affected by participant characteristics).
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He C, Chen H, Guo L, Xu L, Liu Q, Zhang J, Hu X. Prevalence and factors associated with comorbid depressive symptoms among people with low back pain in China: A cross-sectional study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:922733. [PMID: 35958630 PMCID: PMC9357880 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.922733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low back pain is a common medical condition among the general population that is associated with many adverse health effects when comorbid with depressive symptoms. However, little is known about depressive symptoms in the population with low back pain in China. Our study evaluated the prevalence of depressive symptoms and analyzed the factors associated with this condition in the Chinese population with low back pain. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. We collected low back pain information for each participant and identified depressive symptoms using the brief version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. A wide range of sociodemographic and health-related characteristics of the subjects were extracted. We measured the prevalence of depressive symptoms comorbid with low back pain and analyzed the associated factors by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 5,779 respondents aged 45 and over with low back pain formed the sample, 41.8% of whom reported depressive symptoms. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated greater vulnerability to depressive symptoms among females (OR = 1.41, 95% CI, 1.16-1.73), relatively younger persons (60-74 years: OR = 0.72, 95% CI, 0.63-0.83; ≥ 75 years: OR = 0.62, 95% CI, 0.49-0.79, reference: 45-59 years), those from the central and western regions (central: OR = 1.39, 95% CI, 1.18-1.64; western: OR = 1.56, 95% CI, 1.33-1.83), participants with extremely short sleep duration (OR = 2.74, 95% CI, 2.33-3.23), those with poor self-perceived health status (OR = 2.91, 95% CI, 2.34-3.63,), multisite pain (OR = 1.54, 95% CI, 1.20-1.98) and disability in activities of daily living (Basic: OR = 1.70, 95% CI, 1.47-1.98; Instrumental: OR = 1.95, 95% CI, 1.70-2.24). CONCLUSION Depressive symptoms were highly prevalent in the Chinese population ≥ 45 years with low back pain. More attention should be paid to the individuals at high-risk confirmed by this study to facilitate early identification and intervention against depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia He
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Hongxiu Chen
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Guo
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisheng Xu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiali Zhang
- Cheng Du Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University/Institute for Disaster Management and Reconstruction, and Innovation Center of Nursing Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Physical Activity, Mental Health and Wellbeing during the First COVID-19 Containment in New Zealand: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182212036. [PMID: 34831789 PMCID: PMC8620825 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182212036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Strategies implemented worldwide to contain COVID-19 outbreaks varied in severity across different countries, and established a new normal for work and school life (i.e., from home) for many people, reducing opportunities for physical activity. Positive relationships of physical activity with both mental and physical health are well recognised, and therefore the aim was to ascertain how New Zealand’s lockdown restrictions impacted physical activity, mental health and wellbeing. Participants (n = 4007; mean ± SD: age 46.5 ± 14.7 years, 72% female, 80.7% New Zealand European) completed (10–26 April 2020) an online amalgamated survey (Qualtrics): International Physical Activity Questionnaire: Short Form; Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-9; World Health Organisation-Five Well-Being Index; Stages of Change Scale. Positive dose–response relationships between physical activity levels and wellbeing scores were demonstrated for estimates that were unadjusted (moderate activity OR 3.79, CI 2.88–4.92; high activity OR 8.04, CI 6.07–10.7) and adjusted (confounding variables: age, gender, socioeconomic status, time sitting and co-morbidities) (moderate activity 1.57, CI 1.11–2.52; high activity 2.85, CI 1.97–4.14). The study results support previous research demonstrating beneficial effects of regular physical activity on mental health and wellbeing. Governments may use these results to promote meeting physical activity guidelines in order to protect mental health and wellbeing during the ongoing COVID-19 restrictions and future pandemics.
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Effect of the Interaction between Depression and Sleep Disorders on the Stroke Occurrence: An Analysis Based on National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Behav Neurol 2021; 2021:6333618. [PMID: 34712368 PMCID: PMC8548119 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6333618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the interaction between depression and sleep disorders on the stroke occurrence based on the data from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS Seven cycles of 2-year NHANES data (2005-2018) were analyzed in this study. Univariate analysis was first performed between the stroke and nonstroke patients, and then, multivariate logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the association of depression, sleep disorders, and their interactions with stroke occurrence. RESULTS A total of 30473 eligible participants were included in this study, including 1138 (3.73%) with stroke and 29335 (96.27%) with nonstroke. Except sex, the differences were all significant between the stroke and nonstroke patients in baseline information (all P < 0.001). Depression (odds ratio (OR): 2.494, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.098-2.964), depression severity (moderate, OR: 2.013, 95% CI: 1.612-2.514; moderately severe, OR: 2.598, 95% CI: 1.930-3.496; severe, OR: 5.588, 95% CI: 3.883-8.043), and sleep disorders (OR: 1.677, 95% CI: 1.472-1.910) were presented to be associated with an increased risk of stroke after correcting all the confounders. The logistic regression analysis showed that there was a synergic, additive interaction between depression and sleep disorders on the stroke occurrence, and the proportion of stroke patients caused by this interaction accounted for 27.1% of all the stroke patients. CONCLUSION Depression, depression severity, and sleep disorders are all independently associated with a high risk of stroke. The interaction between depression and sleep disorders can synergistically increase the stroke occurrence.
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Pitcairn CFM, Laverty AA, Chan JJL, Oyebode O, Mrejen M, Pescarini JM, Machado DB, Hone TV. Inequalities in the prevalence of major depressive disorder in Brazilian slum populations: a cross-sectional analysis. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2021; 30:e66. [PMID: 34670640 PMCID: PMC8546499 DOI: 10.1017/s204579602100055x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The mental health of slum residents is under-researched globally, and depression is a significant source of worldwide morbidity. Brazil's large slum-dwelling population is often considered part of a general urban-poor demographic. This study aims to identify the prevalence and distribution of depression in Brazil and compare mental health inequalities between slum and non-slum populations. METHODS Data were obtained from Brazil's 2019 National Health Survey. Slum residence was defined based on the UN-Habitat definition for slums and estimated from survey responses. Doctor-diagnosed depression, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)-screened depression and presence of undiagnosed depression (PHQ-9-screened depression in the absence of a doctor's diagnosis) were analysed as primary outcomes, alongside depressive symptom severity as a secondary outcome. Prevalence estimates for all outcomes were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate the association of socioeconomic characteristics, including slum residence, with primary outcomes. Depressive symptom severity was analysed using generalised ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS Nationally, the prevalence of doctor diagnosed, PHQ-9 screened and undiagnosed depression were 9.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 9.5-10.3), 10.8% (95% CI: 10.4-11.2) and 6.9% (95% CI: 6.6-7.2), respectively. Slum residents exhibited lower levels of doctor-diagnosed depression than non-slum urban residents (8.6%; 95% CI: 7.9-9.3 v. 10.7%; 95% CI: 10.2-11.2), while reporting similar levels of PHQ-9-screened depression (11.3%; 95% CI: 10.4-12.1 v. 11.3%; 95% CI: 10.8-11.8). In adjusted regression models, slum residence was associated with a lower likelihood of doctor diagnosed (adjusted odds ratio (adjusted OR): 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77-0.97) and PHQ-9-screened depression (adjusted OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.78-0.97). Slum residents showed a greater likelihood of reporting less severe depressive symptoms. There were significant ethnic/racial disparities in the likelihood of reporting doctor-diagnosed depression. Black individuals were less likely to report doctor-diagnosed depression (adjusted OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.57-0.75) than white individuals. A similar pattern was observed in Mixed Black (adjusted OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.66-0.79) and other (adjusted OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.45-0.88) ethnic/racial groups. Slum residents self-reporting a diagnosis of one or more chronic non-communicable diseases had greater odds of exhibiting all three primary depression outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Substantial inequalities characterise the distribution of depression in Brazil including in slum settings. People living in slums may have lower diagnosed rates of depression than non-slum urban residents. Understanding the mechanisms behind the discrepancy in depression diagnosis between slum and non-slum populations is important to inform health policy in Brazil, including in addressing potential gaps in access to mental healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony A. Laverty
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Matías Mrejen
- São Paulo School of Business Administration, Fundação Getulio Vargas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Instituto de Estudos para Políticas de Saúde (IEPS), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia M. Pescarini
- Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde (Cidacs), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Daiane Borges Machado
- Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas V. Hone
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Oancea SC, de Oliveira GD, Sukumaran P, Vogeltanz-Holm N, Nucci LB. The association between alcohol consumption and self-reported current depression among adults residing in Brazil. J Public Health (Oxf) 2021; 43:e204-e212. [PMID: 33367910 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the current study was to investigate the association between binge and heavy drinking and self-reported current depression (SRCD) in a representative population-based sample of adults residing in Brazil. METHODS The sample for this study was based on the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey. SRCD was accessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), a valid eight-item depression measure for population-based studies instrument. The association between binge/heavy drinking and SRCD was investigated using weighted and adjusted multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS Out of the final study sample of 59 399 Brazilians, 47.2% were young adults, 34.6% were middle age adults and 52.4% were females. The prevalence of binge drinking was 13.8%, of heavy drinking was 3.2% and SRCD was 7.6%. There was a significant weighted and adjusted association between binge drinking and SRCD among young and middle age females (OR = 1.5, 95% CI:1.1-2.0 and OR = 0.6, 95% CI:0.4-0.8, respectively) and between heavy drinking and SRCD among young and middle age males (OR = 1.8, 95% CI:1.2-2.8 and OR = 2.5, 95% CI:1.5-4.1, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The possible protective factor of binge drinking for SRCD among middle-aged Brazilian females needs to be further investigated and understood. Longitudinal research is needed to provide further evidence of associations found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Oancea
- Department of Population Health, University of North Dakota: School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - G D de Oliveira
- Department of Research, Inbox Produtora, Rua Major Solon, São Paulo 13024-091, Brazil
| | - P Sukumaran
- Department of Population Health, University of North Dakota: School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - N Vogeltanz-Holm
- Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, University of North Dakota: School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA
| | - L B Nucci
- Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas, Center for Life Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences. Av. John Boyd Dunlop, São Paulo 13060-904, Brazil
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13
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Gomes AP, Gonçalves H, Dos Santos Vaz J, Kieling C, Rohde LA, Oliveira IO, Gonçalves Soares A. Do inflammation and adiposity mediate the association of diet quality with depression and anxiety in young adults? Clin Nutr 2021; 40:2800-2808. [PMID: 33933746 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Diet quality has been inversely associated with depression, but less is known about its association with anxiety and about the mechanisms involved in the association between diet and mental health. This study aimed to assess the associations of diet quality with major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in young adults, and to explore whether inflammation, indexed by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), and body mass index (BMI) mediate this association. METHODS We used data of 3331 participants from the 1993 Pelotas Birth Cohort (Brazil). Data on dietary intake and inflammatory markers were assessed at 18 years, and information on mental disorders was obtained at both 18 and 22 years. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake, and diet quality was estimated using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index - Revised (BHEI-R). The occurrence of MDD and GAD was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), conducted by psychologists. The associations of diet quality, BMI and inflammatory markers with mental disorders were explored using logistic regression. The mediation analysis was performed using structural equation modelling. RESULTS A one standard deviation increase in the diet quality score at age 18 years was associated with both lower levels of CRP (-0.06 mg/L; 95% CI: -0.10; -0.008) at 18 years and 23% lower odds of MDD at 22 years (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.61; 0.97). No association was found between diet quality score and both BMI and GAD. Obesity was associated with higher odds of MDD, but CRP and IL-6 were not associated with MDD or GAD. Our results provide no evidence that inflammatory markers and BMI mediate the association between diet quality and MDD in young adults. CONCLUSIONS A better diet quality is associated with lower occurrence of MDD among young adults, but we did not find evidence that inflammatory markers and BMI mediate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Gomes
- Pelotas Municipal Health Secretary, Brazil; Faculty of Gastronomy, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Helen Gonçalves
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Juliana Dos Santos Vaz
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Christian Kieling
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul and Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luis Augusto Rohde
- ADHD and Developmental Psychiatry Programs, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Isabel O Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Biology Institute, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Ana Gonçalves Soares
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom; MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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14
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Bezerra HDS, Alves RM, de Souza TA, Medeiros ADA, Barbosa IR. Factors Associated With Mental Suffering in the Brazilian Population: A Multilevel Analysis. Front Psychol 2021; 12:625191. [PMID: 33841256 PMCID: PMC8026874 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.625191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To analyze how individual characteristics and the social context are associated with mental distress symptoms in the Brazilian population. Method: A multilevel cross-sectional study with data from the 2013 National Health Survey. There were two dependent variables: (a) decreased vital energy and somatic symptoms, (b) the presence of depressive thoughts. The independent variables were biological characteristics, education and income, habits and lifestyle, and context variables. Bivariate analysis was performed, and Prevalence Ratios calculated in a Poisson Regression (95% CI). A multilevel Poisson Regression was performed to verify the effect of individual and contextual variables. Results: Regarding depressive thoughts, young and middle-aged individuals, low education, women, absence of partner, smokers or former smokers, and absence of health insurance were the categories at highest risk; belonging to classes D-E and living in states with lower expected years of schooling proved to be protective factors. Similar results were found for the second outcome. Conclusions: Symptoms of mental distress were associated with the individual characteristics and contextual aspects of the federation unit. These findings indicate the importance of strengthening psychosocial care aimed at vulnerable groups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Machado Alves
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Talita Araujo de Souza
- Graduate Program of Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Arthur de Almeida Medeiros
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.,Integrated Health Institute, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
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Depressive Symptoms and Healthy Behavior Frequency in Polish Postmenopausal Women from Urban and Rural Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18062967. [PMID: 33799359 PMCID: PMC8001997 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18062967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine whether the severity of depressive symptoms was linked to healthy behaviors in Polish postmenopausal women and whether the strength of the link differed between women living in urban versus rural settings. The study was conducted in 2018 in the Lublin region of Poland and included 396 postmenopausal women (239 living in rural areas and 157 in urban areas). The severity of depressive symptoms was evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the frequency of healthy behaviors was assessed using the Inventory of Healthy Behaviors. Postmenopausal women living in rural areas underwent menopause significantly earlier, were more often widowed, more often obese, more often less educated, and less likely to have never married when compared to those living in urban areas. Importantly, rural postmenopausal women endorsed more depressive symptoms (p = 0.049). There was a negative correlation between the severity of depressive symptoms and age in urban postmenopausal women (r = −0.174, p = 0.029), but this was not evident in rural women (r = −0.034, p = 0.600). The frequency of healthy behaviors was significantly lower in rural postmenopausal women, especially with respect to nutritional habits. A positive correlation was found between the frequency of healthy behaviors and the level of education in both sets of women (p = 0.034 and p = 0.045, respectively). To summarize, we found a significant link between healthy behaviors and depressive symptoms in postmenopausal women. We also found that this link was more evident in rural than in urban women.
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16
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Oldra CM, Lazarotto AK, Wendt GW, Ferreto LE, Follador FAC, Vieira AP. Depression mediates the links between climacteric symptoms and food and nutritional insecurity. Climacteric 2021; 25:311-315. [PMID: 33709860 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2021.1892628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study is perhaps the first to evaluate the influence of depression on the relationship between climacteric symptoms and food and nutritional insecurity (FNI). METHODS In this cross-sectional study with a relatively large sample of climacteric women (N = 400), sociodemographic and clinical variables were investigated. We measured FNI, depression and climacteric symptoms with psychometrically sound instruments, namely the Brazilian Food Security Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and the Kupperman Index, respectively. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were observed in the means of FNI according to education, income, marital status, history of depression, use of antidepressants and current depression. Furthermore, depression had strong indirect effects on the relationship between climacteric symptoms and FNI. CONCLUSION Our study suggests that targeting depression could benefit climacteric women, especially those with severe symptoms and in FNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Oldra
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - A K Lazarotto
- Faculty of Medicine, University Center of Pato Branco (UNIDEP), Pato Branco, Brazil
| | - G W Wendt
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - L E Ferreto
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - F A C Follador
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - A P Vieira
- Health Sciences Center, Western Paraná State University, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
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17
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Fonseca LB, Pereira LP, Rodrigues PRM, Muraro AP, Andrade ACDS, Pereira RA, Ferreira MG. Incidence of depressive symptoms and its association with sociodemographic factors and lifestyle-related behaviors among Brazilian university students. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2021; 27:1311-1325. [PMID: 33459044 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1874432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Entering university brings on changes in lifestyle and psychological stress and has been associated with increased risk of 1988 in college students. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of depressive symptoms and associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors among university students. A dynamic cohort of freshmen was followed up for three years, starting at their entry to university (baseline) and then annually. A structured auto administered questionnaire was applied to obtain information on age, sex, economic class, living situation, smoking and drinking, sedentary and sleep behaviors, and change in physical activity after university admission. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionaire-9. Incidence and incidence rate of depressive symptoms were calculated. Poisson Regression with robust variance was used to identify risk factors associated to these disorders. A total of 1,034 students without depressive symptoms at baseline were investigated. The overall incidence of depressive symptoms was 28.3% and the incidence rate (IR) was 2.12, being greater for females (2.75) than males (1.65). The IR decreased over time for both males (from 2.61 to 0.41) and females (from 4.25 to 0.54). A greater risk of depressive symptoms was observed for younger male students compared to those ≥20 years old (IRRadj = 1.64) and for women who reported concomitant use of alcohol and tobacco compared to those that reported no smoking and no alcohol consumption. For both males (IRRadj = 2.80) and females (IRRadj = 1.91), severe stress level was associated with greater risk of depressive symptoms when compared to mild stress level. Depressive Symptoms occurred more significantly in females, in the early years of undergraduate course, in males <20 years old, and among those with high stress level. Understanding the possible causes of depression is essential to promote mental health and well-being among college student.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Barbosa Fonseca
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.,College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Paula Muraro
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela Alves Pereira
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcia Gonçalves Ferreira
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.,College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
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18
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Stark EL, Miller ES. Diabesity and Perinatal Mental Health: Evidence-based Recommendations for Screening and Intervention. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2020; 64:204-213. [PMID: 33284142 DOI: 10.1097/grf.0000000000000586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal mental illness, obesity, and diabetes mellitus are common complications of the perinatal period that are becoming ever more prevalent and frequently co-occur. This review seeks to examine the prevalence of comorbid obesity/diabetes (termed "diabesity") and mental illness in the perinatal period and current understandings of the psychosocial and pathophysiological relationships between these diseases. We will present current guidelines for screening and make recommendations for adaptations of mental health treatment in patients with this comorbidity. Finally, we present future directions for research and clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily S Miller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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19
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Jeon YJ, Pyo J, Park YK, Ock M. Health behaviors in major chronic diseases patients: trends and regional variations analysis, 2008-2017, Korea. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1813. [PMID: 33246439 PMCID: PMC7694307 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09940-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Improving the health behaviors of those with chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes is important for disease management. Few in-depth studies have been conducted in Korea on the health behaviors of chronic disease patients. This study examined the health behaviors of chronic disease patients over time and compared them with those of the general population. Methods Cross-sectional time-series data obtained from the Korea Community Health Survey from 2008 to 2017 were analyzed. Thirteen diseases were included in this analysis, namely, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, angina, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, cataract, and depression. The current smoking rate, drinking rate, and the walking rate, which are leading health behaviors necessary for preventing chronic diseases, were analyzed by disease type. We compared patients’ health behaviors with those of the general population and identified regional variations. Results Although the current overall smoking rate was seemingly declining, the overall monthly drinking and high-risk drinking rates were increasing. In 2017, patients experiencing depression symptoms had a higher smoking rate than did the general population; hypertension and diabetes patients had a higher risk-drinking rate than did the latter. The general population’s walking rate was highest. There were considerable variations by region among chronic disease patients. Conclusions Chronic disease patients displayed worse health behaviors than those of the general population, in some instances. Rather than focusing only on chronic disease patients’ medication adherence, strategies must be devised to increase their smoking cessation rate, decrease their drinking rate, and increase their walking rate. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-020-09940-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Jee Jeon
- Department of Family Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeehee Pyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, 44033, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- Preventive Medicine Center, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minsu Ock
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 877 Bangeojinsunhwando-ro, Dong-gu, Ulsan, 44033, Republic of Korea. .,Preventive Medicine Center, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
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20
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Xu H, Deng K, Lin Z, Huang Z, Gong X, Tan J, Huang B, Gao Y. The effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior in the associations between cardiovascular diseases and depression: A four-way decomposition. J Affect Disord 2020; 275:194-201. [PMID: 32734908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Negative effects of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) on depression have been reported, but the relative contribution of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) to such effects remains unclear. Our objective was to precisely quantify the effects modified or mediated by PA and SB using the recently developed four-way effect decomposition. METHODS Our analysis included 22,117 adults (aged≥20 years) participating in the 2007-2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Moderate recreational activity (MRA), moderate work activity (MWA), and walk or bicycle for transportation, were measured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). A four-way decomposition was applied with PA and SB as mediator to decompose the total effects of CVDs on depression into four components: controlled direct effect (CDE), pure indirect effect (PIE), reference interaction (INTref), and mediated interaction effect (INTmed). RESULTS There were statistically significant associations between CVDs, MRA, and depression, with the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of being 1.73 (1.42~2.30), 1.81 (1.42~2.30), respectively. With MRA as a mediator, there were interaction and mediation effects in the associations between CVDs and depression, and the proportions attributable of INTref, INTmed, and PIE were 94.08% (P<0.001), 3.92% (P = 0.007), and 1.68% (P = 0.006), respectively. Furthermore, the mediation effect was statistically significant in females rather than males. CONCLUSIONS MRA strongly modified and mediated the effects of CVDs on depression, especially in females. Our results suggested that sufficient MRA (at least 150 min per week) was considered as requirement for preventing depression in CVDs patients in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafu Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Kaisheng Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Langone School of Medicine, One Park Ave, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Zhenhui Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Xiao Gong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Jianyi Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Baoying Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China
| | - Yanhui Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of public health, Guangdong pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510310, China.
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21
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Nucci D, Fatigoni C, Amerio A, Odone A, Gianfredi V. Red and Processed Meat Consumption and Risk of Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E6686. [PMID: 32937855 PMCID: PMC7559491 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, with more than 264 million people affected. On average, depression first appears during the late teens to mid-20s as result of a complex interaction of social, psychological and biological factors. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis is to assess the association between red and processed meat intake and depression (both incident and prevalent). This systematic review was conducted according to the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Relevant papers published through March 2020 were identified by searching the electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase and Scopus. All analyses were conducted using ProMeta3 software. A critical appraisal was conducted. Finally, 17 studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall effect size (ES) of depression for red and processed meat intake was 1.08 [(95% CI = 1.04; 1.12), p-value < 0.001], based on 241,738 participants. The results from our meta-analysis showed a significant association between red and processed meat intake and risk of depression. The presented synthesis will be useful for health professionals and policy makers to better consider the effect of diet on mental health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Nucci
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Via Gattamelata 64, 35128 Padua, Italy;
| | - Cristina Fatigoni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02111, USA
| | - Anna Odone
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
| | - Vincenza Gianfredi
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy;
- CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6211 Maastricht, The Netherlands
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22
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Villarreal-Zegarra D, Cabrera-Alva M, Carrillo-Larco RM, Bernabe-Ortiz A. Trends in the prevalence and treatment of depressive symptoms in Peru: a population-based study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e036777. [PMID: 32690526 PMCID: PMC7371215 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-036777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to estimate the trends in the prevalence and treatment of depressive symptoms using nationally representative surveys in Peru from 2014 to 2018. DESIGN A secondary analysis was conducted using five nationally representative surveys carried out consecutively in the years between 2014 and 2018. SETTING The study was conducted in Peru. PARTICIPANTS Individuals, men and women, aged ≥15 years who participated in the selected surveys. Sampling was probabilistic using a two-stage approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Two versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) that focused on the presence of depressive symptoms were administered (one in the last 2 weeks and other in the last year). Scores ≥15 were used as the cut-off point in both versions of the PHQ-9 to define the presence of depressive symptoms. Also, the treatment rate was based on the proportion of individuals who had experienced depressive symptoms in the last year and who had self-reported having received specific treatment for these symptoms. The age-standardised prevalence was estimated. RESULTS A total of 161 061 participants were included. There was no evidence of a change in age-standardised prevalence rates of depressive symptoms at the 2 weeks prior to the point of data collection (2.6% in 2014 to 2.3% in 2018), or in the last year (6.3% in 2014 to 6.2% in 2018). Furthermore, no change was found in the proportion of depressive cases treated in the last year (14.6% in 2014 to 14.4% in 2018). Rural areas and individuals with low-level of wealth had lower proportion of depressive cases treated. CONCLUSIONS No changes in trends of rates of depressive symptoms or in the proportion of depressive cases treated were observed. This suggests the need to reduce the treatment gap considering social determinants associated with inequality in access to adequate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Villarreal-Zegarra
- Instituto Peruano de Orientación Psicológica, Lima, Peru
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London School of Public Health, London, UK
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Universidad Científica del Sur, Miraflores, Peru
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23
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Jang BN, Lee HJ, Joo JH, Park EC, Jang SI. Association between health behaviours and depression: findings from a national cross-sectional study in South Korea. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:238. [PMID: 32408865 PMCID: PMC7227033 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02628-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is a leading cause of disability, and it has been reported that more than 264 million people worldwide have depression. The causes of depression may be numerous, and physical health has also been linked to depression. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of health behaviours on depression. METHODS This study used the data of 224,868 participants from the Community Health Survey, conducted in 2017. We defined health behaviours by combining three variables: no smoking, not belonging to high-risk drinking group, and walking frequently. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between health behaviours and depression. RESULTS Both men and women who did not practise health behaviours were more likely to experience depressive symptoms than those who did (men, odds ratio (OR): 1.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.31-1.68; women, OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.32-1.53). Not walking frequently had the strongest association with depression in men and the risk of depression was the highest in women who smoked. Participants who did not practise any health behaviours were the most likely to have depressive symptoms (men, OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.38-2.07; women, OR: 3.08, 95% CI: 2.27-4.19). CONCLUSION Our study found that lack of health behaviours is significantly associated with depression. Furthermore, the most influential factor of health behaviours in depression was different for men and women. It is necessary to manage depression through interventional methods customised to gender characteristics. Additionally, national-level policies are needed to encourage steps to improve personal lifestyles, including practising health behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bich Na Jang
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ji Lee
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong Joo
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.15444.300000 0004 0470 5454Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722 South Korea
| | - Sung-In Jang
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Preventive Medicine and Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Abstract
Different alternative forms of therapy have been studied in relation to their applicability and effectiveness. The use of art therapy in the treatment of depressive disorder is an example frequently employed in several countries. The aim of this research was to identify and discuss which artistic techniques have been applied most frequently in the treatment of depressive disorders and what their main effects are. The research was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, American Psychological Association (APA) and Web of Science databases. The articles were selected through the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA protocol). 14 articles were selected, among which the main techniques of art therapy used were: manual work (drawing, painting, and modeling), music, poetry, photography, theater and contemplation of art pieces. It was found that most of the researches are European and as a field of knowledge they depart mainly from medicine. Of the 14 researches of this review, only two failed in the use of art therapy techniques as a therapeutic tool. It can be understood that art therapy is a safe and reliable tool for treatment not only of depression but also of other mental disorders.
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Wang X, Li Y, Fan H. The associations between screen time-based sedentary behavior and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1524. [PMID: 31727052 PMCID: PMC6857327 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7904-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The use of computers/TV has become increasingly common worldwide after entering the twenty-first century and depression represents a growing public health burden. Understanding the association between screen time-based sedentary behavior (ST-SB) and the risk of depression is important to the development of prevention and intervention strategies. Methods We searched the electronic databases of Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library. The odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) was adopted as the pooled measurement. Subgroup analyses were investigated by stratified meta-analyses based on age, gender and reference group (reference category of screen time, e.g. 2 h/day, 4 h/day). Results There were 12 cross-sectional studies and 7 longitudinal studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the pooled OR was 1.28 with high heterogeneity (I2 = 89%). Compared to those who reported less SB, persons reporting more SB had a significantly higher risk of depression. When the gender was stratified, the pooled OR was 1.18 in female groups while no significant association was observed in males. Among the 19 studies, 5 studies used a reference group with ST = 2 h/days (pooled OR = 1.46), 9 studies used ≥4 h as a reference group (pooled OR = 1.38), 2 studies used 1 h as a reference group (pooled OR = 1.07) and for the remaining 3 studies, hours of ST were calculated as a continuous variable (pooled OR = 1.04). Conclusions ST-SB is associated with depression risk and the effects vary in different populations. In addition, valid objective measures of SB should be developed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefang South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China. .,Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders & Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yuexuan Li
- Judicial Expertise Center of Qiongshan District, Haikou Municipal Public Security Bureau, Haikou, 570000, Hainan, China
| | - Haoliang Fan
- Department of Forensic Science, Forensic Science Center of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, No. 3 Xueyuan Road, Longhua District, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, China. .,School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. High carbonated soft drink consumption is associated with externalizing but not internalizing behaviours among university students in five ASEAN states. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2019; 12:585-592. [PMID: 31534377 PMCID: PMC6681160 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s209611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The investigation aimed to estimate the association between carbonated soft drink consumption frequency and externalizing and internalizing behaviour among university students in five ASEAN counties. Methods A cross-sectional survey included 3353 university students from Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam, median age 20 years (interquartile range 3 years). Results In all five ASEAN countries, the study found a prevalence no soft drink consumption in the past 30 days of 20.3%, less than one time a day 44.7%, once a day 25.4% and two or more times a day 9.6%. In the adjusted logistic regression analysis, higher frequency of soft drink consumption (one and/or two or more times a day) was associated with externalizing behaviour (in physical fight, injury, current tobacco use, problem drinking, drug use, pathological internet use and gambling behaviour), and higher frequency of soft drink consumption (two or more times a day) was associated with depression in females, but no association was found for the general student population in relation to internalizing behaviour (depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt and sleeping problem). Conclusions Findings suggest that carbonated soft drink consumption is associated with a number of externalizing but not internalizing health risk behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakhonpathom, Thailand.,Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Estancial Fernandes CS, Lima MG, Barros MBDA. Emotional problems and health-related quality of life: population-based study. Qual Life Res 2019; 28:3037-3046. [PMID: 31240538 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of emotional problems on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) according to the type of emotional problem, degree of limitation, and perceived control of the problem with treatment. METHOD A population-based cross-sectional study with probabilistic stratified cluster sampling was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in the city of Campinas, Brazil. A total of 2145 individuals aged 18 years or older participated in the study. HRQoL was evaluated using the SF-36® questionnaire. The dependent variables were the score of the eight scales of the SF-36®. The independent variables were self-perceived emotional problems, type of emotional problem (according to ICD 10), degree of limitation, and perceived control of the problem with treatment. Mean scores were calculated and regression coefficients were adjusted for sex, age, number of health problems, and chronic diseases using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of emotional problems was 32.7%. Among the individuals with a problem, the mean SF-36® scores were lower on all domains. Regarding the type of emotional problem, a complaint of depression exerted a stronger negative impact on HRQoL scores than anxiety. Moreover, a greater degree of limitation caused by the problem led to lower mean SF-36® scores. The negative impact on HRQoL was substantially greater among those who did not have the problem under control. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the findings underscore the importance of the prevention and control of emotional problems with the aim of reducing the impact on HRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margareth Guimarães Lima
- Department of Public Health, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Silva-Rocha VV, de Sousa DA, Osório FL. Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian Version of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2. Front Psychol 2019; 10:806. [PMID: 31040807 PMCID: PMC6477035 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Competitive anxiety (CA) is an emotional reaction manifested at a somatic and/or cognitive level that regularly appears before or during sports competitions and can significantly impact an athlete's performance. Given the scarcity of validated instruments available for evaluating the competitive-anxiety trait in the Brazilian context, this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2). The study sample was composed of 238 professional and amateur athletes aged 13 years or older who practice different sports modalities. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed adequate fit indices of the original three-factor theoretical model of the SAS-2 after including a correlation between the errors for items 6 and 12 of the somatic anxiety subscale (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.08, WRMR = 1.04). For convergent and divergent validity, the SAS-2 subscales exhibited a positive and strong correlations with the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R; r = 0.52-0.82), weak to moderate correlations with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - only the trait scale (STAI-T; r = 0.49-0.59), weak correlations with the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN; r = 0.29-0.41) and weak to moderate correlations with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; r = 0.49-0.56). The SAS-2 was also able to discriminate among participants with and without social anxiety, general trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, thus confirming its discriminant validity. According to ROC curve analysis, the cutoff point at a score of 29 indicated the optimal balance of sensitivity (0.74) and specificity (0.82). The internal consistency (α = 0.73-0.86) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.73-0.80) were satisfactory. These results indicated that the Brazilian version of the SAS-2 exhibited satisfactory psychometric performance and could be used in the Brazilian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Vedovato Silva-Rocha
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia L Osório
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Hu D, Cheng L, Jiang W. Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption and the risk of depression: A meta-analysis of observational studies. J Affect Disord 2019; 245:348-355. [PMID: 30419536 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains inconsistent whether sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption increases the risk of depression. Thus, we carried out a meta-analysis to evaluate the association between SSBs consumption and the risk of depression. METHODS PubMed and Web of Science were searched for relevant articles published up to June 2018. Pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by the fixed-effects model or random effect model based on heterogeneity test. RESULTS 10 observational studies involving 37,131 depression cases among 365,289 participants were included. The combined risk of depression for the highest versus lowest consumption of SSBs was 1.31 (95% CI 1.24-1.39). The findings were consistent in the cross-sectional studies (RR = 1.38; 95% CI 1.26-1.52) as well as in the cohort studies (RR = 1.30; 95% CI 1.19-1.41) A nonlinear dose-response relationship was found (Pnonlinearity = 0.0103) for depression risk and SSBs consumption. Compared with SSBs nondrinkers, those who drank the equivalent of 2 cups/day of cola might increase the risk of depression by 5% (RR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.09). And the equivalent of 3cans/day of cola might have approximately 25% higher risk of depression. LIMITATIONS 10 studies were included in this meta-analysis, of which only 4 were cohort studies, and more cohort studies need to be performed in the future. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis indicates that SSBs consumption might be associated with a modestly higher risk of depression. The results need to be further confirmed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Lixiao Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China
| | - Wenjie Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No. 38 Dengzhou Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266021, China.
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Diderichsen F, Andersen I. The syndemics of diabetes and depression in Brazil - An epidemiological analysis. SSM Popul Health 2018; 7:002-2. [PMID: 30581954 PMCID: PMC6293027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
An epidemiological model of causal pathways in the syndemic of diabetes and depression is presented. Depression and diabetes are clustering in the adult Brazilian population partly due to shared social and behavioural causes. There is an interaction between depression and diabetes in their association with disability. There is a differential susceptibility to the effect of obesity on diabetes across levels of education and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finn Diderichsen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, 1014 Købenahavn K, Denmark.,Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, IAM, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ingelise Andersen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Public Health, 1014 Købenahavn K, Denmark
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Predictors of Success in Bariatric Surgery: the Role of BMI and Pre-operative Comorbidities. Obes Surg 2017; 28:1335-1341. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-3011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Célia Landmann Szwarcwald
- Instituto de Comunicação e Informação Científica e Tecnológica em Saúde. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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