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Raza S. Autophagy and metabolic aging: Current understanding and future applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119753. [PMID: 38763302 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
"Metabolic aging" refers to the gradual decline in cellular metabolic function across various tissues due to defective hormonal signaling, impaired nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, replicative stress, and cellular senescence. While this process usually corresponds with chronological aging, the recent increase in metabolic diseases and cancers occurring at younger ages in humans suggests the premature onset of cellular fatigue and metabolic aging. Autophagy, a cellular housekeeping process facilitated by lysosomes, plays a crucial role in maintaining tissue rejuvenation and health. However, various environmental toxins, hormones, lifestyle changes, and nutrient imbalances can disrupt autophagy in humans. In this review, we explore the connection between autophagy and cellular metabolism, its regulation by extrinsic factors and its modulation to prevent the early onset of metabolic aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sana Raza
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India.
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2
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Xiao Y, Feng Y, Zhao J, Chen W, Lu W. Achieving healthy aging through gut microbiota-directed dietary intervention: Focusing on microbial biomarkers and host mechanisms. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00092-4. [PMID: 38462039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population aging has become a primary global public health issue, and the prevention of age-associated diseases and prolonging healthy life expectancies are of particular importance. Gut microbiota has emerged as a novel target in various host physiological disorders including aging. Comprehensive understanding on changes of gut microbiota during aging, in particular gut microbiota characteristics of centenarians, can provide us possibility to achieving healthy aging or intervene pathological aging through gut microbiota-directed strategies. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to summarize the characteristics of the gut microbiota associated with aging, explore potential biomarkers of aging and address microbiota-associated mechanisms of host aging focusing on intestinal barrier and immune status. By summarizing the existing effective dietary strategies in aging interventions, the probability of developing a diet targeting the gut microbiota in future is provided. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW This review is focused on three key notions: Firstly, gut microbiota has become a new target for regulating health status and lifespan, and its changes are closely related to age. Thus, we summarized aging-associated gut microbiota features at the levels of key genus/species and important metabolites through comparing the microbiota differences among centenarians, elderly people and younger people. Secondly, exploring microbiota biomarkers related to aging and discussing future possibility using dietary regime/components targeted to aging-related microbiota biomarkers promote human healthy lifespan. Thirdly, dietary intervention can effectively improve the imbalance of gut microbiota related to aging, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, but their effects vary among.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Yingxuan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wenwei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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3
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Silva RCMC. Mitochondria, Autophagy and Inflammation: Interconnected in Aging. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01231-x. [PMID: 38381268 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01231-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
In this manuscript, I discuss the direct link between abnormalities in inflammatory responses, mitochondrial metabolism and autophagy during the process of aging. It is focused on the cytosolic receptors nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3) and cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS); myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) expansion and their associated immunosuppressive metabolite, methyl-glyoxal, all of them negatively regulated by mitochondrial autophagy, biogenesis, metabolic pathways and its distinct metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Cardoso Maciel Costa Silva
- Laboratory of Immunoreceptors and signaling, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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4
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Wei C, Xu J, Liu Y, Qadir J, Zhang S, Yuan H. Exogenous Spermidine Alleviates Diabetic Myocardial Fibrosis Via Suppressing Inflammation and Pyroptosis in db/db Mice. Balkan Med J 2023; 40:333-343. [PMID: 37350700 PMCID: PMC10500142 DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2023.2023-3-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The main pathological feature of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) caused by diabetes mellitus is myocardial fibrosis. According to recent studies in cardiology, it has been suggested that spermidine (SPD) has cardioprotective properties. Aims To explore the role and mechanism of SPD in alleviating myocardial fibrosis of DCM. Study Design In vivo and in vitro study. Methods Type 2 diabetic mice and primary neonatal mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) were selected. Measurements of serum-related markers, echocardiographic analysis, and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate myocardial fibrosis injury and the effects of SPD. The proliferation and migration of CFs undergoing different treatments were studied. Immunoblotting and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were used to demonstrate molecular mechanisms. Results In vivo immunoblotting analysis indicated a downregulation of ornithine decarboxylase and an upregulation of SPD/spermine N1-acetyltransferase. We observed cardiac dysfunction in diabetic mice after 12 weeks. However, the administration of exogenous SPD improved cardiac function, decreased collagen deposition, and reduced myocardial tissue damage. mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, GSDMD-N, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-17A, and IL-18 were increased and suppressed in the myocardium of db/db mice upon treatment with SPD. SPD inhibited the proliferation, migration, and collagen secretion of high-glucose-treated fibroblasts in vitro. SPD inhibits the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway and decreases collagen deposition by reducing pyroptosis and Smad-7 ubiquitination levels. Conclusion Based on our findings, SPD may have potential applications in protecting against the deterioration of cardiac function in patients with DCM due to a significant new mechanism for diabetic myocardial fibrosis that we discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jiyu Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yong Liu
- Animal Research Institute, Research Department, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Javeria Qadir
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shumin Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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5
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Sun J, Xu J, Liu Y, Lin Y, Wang F, Han Y, Zhang S, Gao X, Xu C, Yuan H. Exogenous spermidine alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy via suppressing reactive oxygen species, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and Pannexin-1-mediated ferroptosis. BIOMOLECULES & BIOMEDICINE 2023; 23:825-837. [PMID: 36946337 PMCID: PMC10494846 DOI: 10.17305/bb.2022.8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication and death cause of diabetes mellitus (DM). Recent cardiology studies suggest that spermidine (SPD) has cardioprotective effects. Here, we verified the hypothesis of SPD's protective effects on DCM. Therefore, db/db mice and primary neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes were used to observe the effects of SPD. Immunoblotting showed that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and SPD/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) were downregulated and upregulated in the myocardium of db/db mice, respectively. We found that diabetic mice showed cardiac dysfunction in 12 weeks. Conversely, exogenous SPD could improve cardiac functions and reduce the deposition of collagens, myocardial damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in diabetic mouse hearts. Our results also demonstrated that cardiomyocytes displayed ferroptosis and then activated Pannexin-1 expression, which resulted in the increase of the extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Subsequently, increased ATP as a paracrine molecule combined to purinergic receptor P2X7 to activate ERK1/2 signaling pathway in cardiomyocytes and activated NCOA4-mediated ferroptinophagy to promote lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Interestingly, SPD could reverse these molecular processes. Our findings indicate an important new mechanism for DCM and suggest that SPD has potential applicability to protect against deterioration of cardiac function with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Jiyu Xu
- School of Medical Imaging, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Animal Research Institute, Research Department, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Yitong Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Fengge Wang
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Han
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- School of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hui Yuan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
- School of Stomatology, Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, China
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6
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Nicholas-Haizelden K, Murphy B, Hoptroff M, Horsburgh MJ. Bioprospecting the Skin Microbiome: Advances in Therapeutics and Personal Care Products. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1899. [PMID: 37630459 PMCID: PMC10456854 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11081899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioprospecting is the discovery and exploration of biological diversity found within organisms, genetic elements or produced compounds with prospective commercial or therapeutic applications. The human skin is an ecological niche which harbours a rich and compositional diversity microbiome stemming from the multifactorial interactions between the host and microbiota facilitated by exploitable effector compounds. Advances in the understanding of microbial colonisation mechanisms alongside species and strain interactions have revealed a novel chemical and biological understanding which displays applicative potential. Studies elucidating the organismal interfaces and concomitant understanding of the central processes of skin biology have begun to unravel a potential wealth of molecules which can exploited for their proposed functions. A variety of skin-microbiome-derived compounds display prospective therapeutic applications, ranging from antioncogenic agents relevant in skin cancer therapy to treatment strategies for antimicrobial-resistant bacterial and fungal infections. Considerable opportunities have emerged for the translation to personal care products, such as topical agents to mitigate various skin conditions such as acne and eczema. Adjacent compound developments have focused on cosmetic applications such as reducing skin ageing and its associated changes to skin properties and the microbiome. The skin microbiome contains a wealth of prospective compounds with therapeutic and commercial applications; however, considerable work is required for the translation of in vitro findings to relevant in vivo models to ensure translatability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keir Nicholas-Haizelden
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
| | - Barry Murphy
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK; (B.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Michael Hoptroff
- Unilever Research & Development, Port Sunlight, Wirral CH63 3JW, UK; (B.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Malcolm J. Horsburgh
- Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK;
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7
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Liu Y, Zhou Z, Wu S, Ni G, Zhang A, Tsimring LS, Hasty J, Hao N. Enhanced cellular longevity arising from environmental fluctuations. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.05.547867. [PMID: 37461504 PMCID: PMC10350066 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.05.547867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular longevity is regulated by both genetic and environmental factors. However, the interactions of these factors in the context of aging remain largely unclear. Here, we formulate a mathematical model for dynamic glucose modulation of a core gene circuit in yeast aging, which not only guided the design of pro-longevity interventions, but also revealed the theoretical principles underlying these interventions. We introduce the dynamical systems theory to capture two general means for promoting longevity - the creation of a stable fixed point in the "healthy" state of the cell and the dynamic stabilization of the system around this healthy state through environmental oscillations. Guided by the model, we investigate how both of these can be experimentally realized by dynamically modulating environmental glucose levels. The results establish a paradigm for theoretically analyzing the trajectories and perturbations of aging that can be generalized to aging processes in diverse cell types and organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Songlin Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Gavin Ni
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Alex Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Lev S. Tsimring
- Synthetic Biology Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jeff Hasty
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Synthetic Biology Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nan Hao
- Department of Molecular Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Synthetic Biology Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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8
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Galasso L, Cappella A, Mulè A, Castelli L, Ciorciari A, Stacchiotti A, Montaruli A. Polyamines and Physical Activity in Musculoskeletal Diseases: A Potential Therapeutic Challenge. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9798. [PMID: 37372945 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy dysregulation is commonplace in the pathogenesis of several invalidating diseases, such as musculoskeletal diseases. Polyamines, as spermidine and spermine, are small aliphatic cations essential for cell growth and differentiation, with multiple antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. Remarkably, they are emerging as natural autophagy regulators with strong anti-aging effects. Polyamine levels were significantly altered in the skeletal muscles of aged animals. Therefore, supplementation of spermine and spermidine may be important to prevent or treat muscle atrophy. Recent in vitro and in vivo experimental studies indicate that spermidine reverses dysfunctional autophagy and stimulates mitophagy in muscles and heart, preventing senescence. Physical exercise, as polyamines, regulates skeletal muscle mass inducing proper autophagy and mitophagy. This narrative review focuses on the latest evidence regarding the efficacy of polyamines and exercise as autophagy inducers, alone or coupled, in alleviating sarcopenia and aging-dependent musculoskeletal diseases. A comprehensive description of overall autophagic steps in muscle, polyamine metabolic pathways, and effects of the role of autophagy inducers played by both polyamines and exercise has been presented. Although literature shows few data in regard to this controversial topic, interesting effects on muscle atrophy in murine models have emerged when the two "autophagy-inducers" were combined. We hope these findings, with caution, can encourage researchers to continue investigating in this direction. In particular, if these novel insights could be confirmed in further in vivo and clinical studies, and the two synergic treatments could be optimized in terms of dose and duration, then polyamine supplementation and physical exercise might have a clinical potential in sarcopenia, and more importantly, implications for a healthy lifestyle in the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Galasso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Cappella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Mulè
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Castelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ciorciari
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Stacchiotti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- U.O. Laboratorio di Morfologia Umana Applicata, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, 20097 Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Montaruli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
- I.R.C.C.S. Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, 20157 Milan, Italy
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Prasher P, Sharma M, Singh SK, Gulati M, Chellappan DK, Rajput R, Gupta G, Ydyrys A, Kulbayeva M, Abdull Razis AF, Modu B, Sharifi-Rad J, Dua K. Spermidine as a promising anticancer agent: Recent advances and newer insights on its molecular mechanisms. Front Chem 2023; 11:1164477. [PMID: 37090250 PMCID: PMC10117651 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1164477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermidine is a naturally occurring polyamine compound found in semen. It is also found in several plant sources and boasts a remarkable biological profile, particularly with regards to its anticancer properties. Spermidine specifically interferes with the tumour cell cycle, resulting in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and suppression of tumor growth. Moreover, it also triggers autophagy by regulating key oncologic pathways. The increased intake of polyamines, such as spermidine, can suppress oncogenesis and slow the growth of tumors due to its role in anticancer immunosurveillance and regulation of polyamine metabolism. Spermidine/spermine N-1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) plays a critical role in polyamine homeostasis and serves as a diagnostic marker in human cancers. Chemically modified derivatives of spermidine hold great potential for prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications against various malignancies. This review discusses in detail the recent findings that support the anticancer mechanisms of spermidine and its molecular physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Rashi Rajput
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Alibek Ydyrys
- Biomedical Research Centre, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Marzhan Kulbayeva
- Department of Biophysics, Biomedicine and Neuroscience, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Kamal Dua,
| | - Babagana Modu
- Natural Medicines and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Kamal Dua,
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Ahmad Faizal Abdull Razis, ; Javad Sharifi-Rad, ; Kamal Dua,
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Shi B, Wang W, Ye M, Liang M, Yu Z, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Liang X, Ao J, Xu F, Xu G, Jiang X, Zhou X, Liu L. Spermidine suppresses the activation of hepatic stellate cells to cure liver fibrosis through autophagy activator MAP1S. Liver Int 2023; 43:1307-1319. [PMID: 36892418 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Liver diseases present a wide range of fibrosis, from fatty liver with no inflammation to steatohepatitis with varying degrees of fibrosis, to established cirrhosis leading to HCC. In a multivariate analysis, serum levels of spermidine were chosen as the top metabolite from 237 metabolites and its levels were drastically reduced along with progression to advanced steatohepatitis. Our previous studies that showed spermidine supplementation helps mice prevent liver fibrosis through MAP1S have prompted us to explore the possibility that spermidine can alleviate or cure already developed liver fibrosis. METHODS We collected tissue samples from patients with liver fibrosis to measure the levels of MAP1S. We treated wild-type and MAP1S knockout mice with CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis with spermidine and isolated HSCs in culture to test the effects of spermidine on HSC activation and liver fibrosis. RESULTS Patients with increasing degrees of liver fibrosis had reduced levels of MAP1S. Supplementing spermidine in mice that had already developed liver fibrosis after 1 month of CCl4 induction for an additional 3 months resulted in significant reductions in levels of ECM proteins and a remarkable improvement in liver fibrosis through MAP1S. Spermidine also suppressed HSC activation by reducing ECM proteins at both the mRNA and protein levels, and increasing the number of lipid droplets in stellate cells. CONCLUSIONS Spermidine supplementation is a potentially clinically meaningful approach to treating and curing liver fibrosis, preventing cirrhosis and HCC in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyun Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengting Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ziyu Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian Ao
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fengfeng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of General Surgery, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guibin Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianhan Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinke Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Leyuan Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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San-Jose LM, Bestion E, Pellerin F, Richard M, Di Gesu L, Salmona J, Winandy L, Legrand D, Bonneaud C, Guillaume O, Calvez O, Elmer KR, Yurchenko AA, Recknagel H, Clobert J, Cote J. Investigating the genetic basis of vertebrate dispersal combining RNA-seq, RAD-seq and quantitative genetics. Mol Ecol 2023. [PMID: 36872057 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Although animal dispersal is known to play key roles in ecological and evolutionary processes such as colonization, population extinction and local adaptation, little is known about its genetic basis, particularly in vertebrates. Untapping the genetic basis of dispersal should deepen our understanding of how dispersal behaviour evolves, the molecular mechanisms that regulate it and link it to other phenotypic aspects in order to form the so-called dispersal syndromes. Here, we comprehensively combined quantitative genetics, genome-wide sequencing and transcriptome sequencing to investigate the genetic basis of natal dispersal in a known ecological and evolutionary model of vertebrate dispersal: the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara. Our study supports the heritability of dispersal in semi-natural populations, with less variation attributable to maternal and natal environment effects. In addition, we found an association between natal dispersal and both variation in the carbonic anhydrase (CA10) gene, and in the expression of several genes (TGFB2, SLC6A4, NOS1) involved in central nervous system functioning. These findings suggest that neurotransmitters (serotonin and nitric oxide) are involved in the regulation of dispersal and shaping dispersal syndromes. Several genes from the circadian clock (CRY2, KCTD21) were also differentially expressed between disperser and resident lizards, supporting that the circadian rhythm, known to be involved in long-distance migration in other taxa, might affect dispersal as well. Since neuronal and circadian pathways are relatively well conserved across vertebrates, our results are likely to be generalisable, and we therefore encourage future studies to further investigate the role of these pathways in shaping dispersal in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis M San-Jose
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Elvire Bestion
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Félix Pellerin
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Murielle Richard
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Lucie Di Gesu
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Jordi Salmona
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurane Winandy
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Legrand
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Camille Bonneaud
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, UK
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Olivier Calvez
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Kathryn R Elmer
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Andrey A Yurchenko
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hans Recknagel
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jean Clobert
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale, UAR 2029, CNRS, Moulis, France
| | - Julien Cote
- Laboratoire Évolution and Diversité Biologique, UMR 5174, CNRS, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IRD, Toulouse, France
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12
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Ethica SN, Zilda DS, Oedjijono O, Muhtadi M, Patantis G, Darmawati S, Dewi SS, Sabdono A, Uria AR. Biotechnologically potential genes in a polysaccharide-degrading epibiont of the Indonesian brown algae Hydroclathrus sp. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2023; 21:18. [PMID: 36786886 PMCID: PMC9928984 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-023-00461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine bacteria have recently attracted increasing attention to be harnessed for the production of valuable enzymes, vitamins, and bioactive compounds. Bacteria associated with the surfaces of marine macroalgae, called epibionts, are particularly interesting from ecological and biotechnological points of view, as they often exhibit antimicrobial activities to compete with pathogenic bacteria for nutrients and spaces. In search for biotechnologically potential genes from marine bacteria, we sequenced and analysed the genome of the epibiont HI03-3b, a polysaccharide-degrading bacterium associated with the surface of the Indonesian brown algae Hydroclathrus sp. RESULTS The algal epibiont HI03-3b has a genome of approximately 4,860,704 bp in size with 42.02 mol% G + C content, consisting of 5655 open reading frames (ORFs), 4409 genes coding for proteins (CDSs), 94 genes for tRNAs, and 32 genes for rRNAs. The genome sequence of HI03-3b was most closely related to that of Cytobacillus firmus NCTC10335 with the average amino acid identity (AAI) of 95.0 %, average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 94.1 %, and a recommended DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) of 57.60 %. These scores are lower than the most frequently used standard for species demarcation (95% ANI cutoff) and the new species threshold (DDH > 70.0% for the same bacterial species). Some differences in genome features and gene composition were observed between HI03-3b and NCTC10335, such as genes encoding carbohydrate active enzymes. These suggest that HI03-3b is unique and likely a novel species within Cytobacillus genus, and we therefore proposed its name as Cytobacillus wakatobiense HI03-3b. Genome sequence analyses indicated the presence of genes involved not only in polysaccharide and protein degradation but also in vitamin and secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Some of them encode enzymes and compounds with biotechnological interest, such as protease, chitinase, subtilisin, pullulanase, and bacillolysin, which are often associated with antimicrobial or antibiofilm activities. This antimicrobial potential is supported by our finding that the extracellular protein fraction of this epibiont inhibited the growth of the bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSION The epibiont Cytobacillus HI03-3b harbours genes for polysaccharide and protein degradation as well as for natural product biosynthesis, suggesting its potential ecological roles in outcompeting other bacteria during biofilm formation as well as in protecting its algal host from predation. Due to the presence of genes for vitamin biosynthesis, it might also provide the algal host with vitamins for growth and development. Some of these metabolic genes are biotechnologically important, as they could become a platform for bioengineering to generate various seaweed-derived substances sustainably, such as antibiofilm agents and vitamins, which are beneficial for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalis Norma Ethica
- grid.444265.50000 0004 0386 6520Magister Program of Clinical Laboratory Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang (UNIMUS), Jalan Kedungmundu Raya, Semarang, 50273 Indonesia
| | - Dewi Seswita Zilda
- Research Center for Deep Sea, Earth Sciences and Maritime Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Pasir Putih Raya, Pademangan, North Jakarta City, Jakarta 14430 Indonesia
| | - Oedjijono Oedjijono
- grid.444191.d0000 0000 9134 0078Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, 53122 Indonesia
| | - Muhtadi Muhtadi
- grid.444490.90000 0000 8731 0765Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta (UMS), Sukoharjo, 57162 Indonesia
| | - Gintung Patantis
- Research Center for Marine and Land Bioindustry, Earth Sciences and Maritime Research Organization, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Kodek Bay, North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara 83352 Indonesia
| | - Sri Darmawati
- grid.444265.50000 0004 0386 6520Magister Program of Clinical Laboratory Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang (UNIMUS), Jalan Kedungmundu Raya, Semarang, 50273 Indonesia
| | - Sri Sinto Dewi
- grid.444265.50000 0004 0386 6520Diploma Study Program of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, 50273 Indonesia
| | - Agus Sabdono
- grid.412032.60000 0001 0744 0787Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50272 Indonesia
| | - Agustinus Robert Uria
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 6 Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan. .,Global Station for Biosurfaces and Drug Discovery, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Kita 12 Nishi 6, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan.
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13
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Fontana F, Longhi G, Tarracchini C, Mancabelli L, Lugli GA, Alessandri G, Turroni F, Milani C, Ventura M. The human gut microbiome of athletes: metagenomic and metabolic insights. MICROBIOME 2023; 11:27. [PMID: 36782241 PMCID: PMC9926762 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The correlation between the physical performance of athletes and their gut microbiota has become of growing interest in the past years, since new evidences have emerged regarding the importance of the gut microbiota as a main driver of the health status of athletes. In addition, it has been postulated that the metabolic activity of the microbial population harbored by the large intestine of athletes might influence their physical performances. Here, we analyzed 418 publicly available shotgun metagenomics datasets obtained from fecal samples of healthy athletes and healthy sedentary adults. RESULTS This study evidenced how agonistic physical activity and related lifestyle can be associated with the modulation of the gut microbiota composition, inducing modifications of the taxonomic profiles with an enhancement of gut microbes able to produce short-fatty acid (SCFAs). In addition, our analyses revealed a correlation between specific bacterial species and high impact biological synthases (HIBSs) responsible for the generation of a range of microbially driven compounds such vitamin B12, amino acidic derivatives, and other molecules linked to cardiovascular and age-related health-risk reduction. CONCLUSIONS Notably, our findings show how subsist an association between competitive athletes, and modulation of the gut microbiota, and how this modulation is reflected in the potential production of microbial metabolites that can lead to beneficial effects on human physical performance and health conditions. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Fontana
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio Srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Longhi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
- GenProbio Srl, Parma, Italy
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Christian Milani
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy.
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - Marco Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability, Laboratory of Probiogenomics, University of Parma, Parco Area Delle Scienze 11a, 43124, Parma, Italy.
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
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14
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Mishra S, Raval M, Kachhawaha AS, Tiwari BS, Tiwari AK. Aging: Epigenetic modifications. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:171-209. [PMID: 37019592 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Aging is one of the most complex and irreversible health conditions characterized by continuous decline in physical/mental activities that eventually poses an increased risk of several diseases and ultimately death. These conditions cannot be ignored by anyone but there are evidences that suggest that exercise, healthy diet and good routines may delay the Aging process significantly. Several studies have demonstrated that Epigenetics plays a key role in Aging and Aging-associated diseases through methylation of DNA, histone modification and non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Comprehension and relevant alterations in these epigenetic modifications can lead to new therapeutic avenues of age-delaying contrivances. These processes affect gene transcription, DNA replication and DNA repair, comprehending epigenetics as a key factor in understanding Aging and developing new avenues for delaying Aging, clinical advancements in ameliorating aging-related diseases and rejuvenating health. In the present article, we have described and advocated the epigenetic role in Aging and associated diseases.
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15
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Therapeutic Antiaging Strategies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102515. [PMID: 36289777 PMCID: PMC9599338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging constitutes progressive physiological changes in an organism. These changes alter the normal biological functions, such as the ability to manage metabolic stress, and eventually lead to cellular senescence. The process itself is characterized by nine hallmarks: genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, deregulated nutrient sensing, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication. These hallmarks are risk factors for pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Emerging evidence has been focused on examining the genetic pathways and biological processes in organisms surrounding these nine hallmarks. From here, the therapeutic approaches can be addressed in hopes of slowing the progression of aging. In this review, data have been collected on the hallmarks and their relative contributions to aging and supplemented with in vitro and in vivo antiaging research experiments. It is the intention of this article to highlight the most important antiaging strategies that researchers have proposed, including preventive measures, systemic therapeutic agents, and invasive procedures, that will promote healthy aging and increase human life expectancy with decreased side effects.
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16
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A systematic exploration reveals the potential of spermidine for hypopigmentation treatment through the stabilization of melanogenesis-associated proteins. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14478. [PMID: 36008447 PMCID: PMC9411574 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18629-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermidine (SPD), a polyamine naturally present in living organisms, is known to prolong the lifespan of animals. In this study, the role of SPD in melanogenesis was investigated, showing potential as a pigmenting agent. SPD treatment increased melanin production in melanocytes in a dose dependent manner. Computational analysis with RNA-sequencing data revealed the alteration of protein degradation by SPD treatment without changes in the expressions of melanogenesis-related genes. Indeed, SPD treatment significantly increased the stabilities of tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1 and -2 while inhibiting ubiquitination, which was confirmed by treatment of proteasome inhibitor MG132. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide (CHX) showed that SPD treatment increased the resistance of TRP-1 and TRP-2 to protein degradation. To identify the proteins involved in SPD transportation in melanocytes, the expression of several solute carrier (SLC) membrane transporters was assessed and, among 27 transporter genes, SLC3A2, SLC7A1, SLC18B1, and SLC22A18 were highly expressed, implying they are putative SPD transporters in melanocytes. Furthermore, SLC7A1 and SLC22A18 were downregulated by SPD treatment, indicating their active involvement in polyamine homeostasis. Finally, we applied SPD to a human skin equivalent and observed elevated melanin production. Our results identify SPD as a potential natural product to alleviate hypopigmentation.
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17
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Pharmacological Approaches to Decelerate Aging: A Promising Path. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4201533. [PMID: 35860429 PMCID: PMC9293537 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4201533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biological aging or senescence is a course in which cellular function decreases over a period of time and is a consequence of altered signaling mechanisms that are triggered in stressed cells leading to cell damage. Aging is among the principal risk factors for many chronic illnesses such as cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. Taking this into account, targeting fundamental aging mechanisms therapeutically may effectively impact numerous chronic illnesses. Selecting ideal therapeutic options in order to hinder the process of aging and decelerate the progression of age-related diseases is valuable. Along therapeutic options, life style modifications may well render the process of aging. The process of aging is affected by alteration in many cellular and signaling pathways amid which mTOR, SIRT1, and AMPK pathways are the most emphasized. Herein, we have discussed the mechanisms of aging focusing mainly on the mentioned pathways as well as the role of inflammation and autophagy in aging. Moreover, drugs and natural products with antiaging properties are discussed in detail.
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18
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van den Oever SP, Mayer HK. Can oligomeric proanthocyanidins interfere with UHPLC analysis of spermidine in nutritional supplements? J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Lima GPP, Gómez HAG, Seabra Junior S, Maraschin M, Tecchio MA, Borges CV. Functional and Nutraceutical Compounds of Tomatoes as Affected by Agronomic Practices, Postharvest Management, and Processing Methods: A Mini Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:868492. [PMID: 35464011 PMCID: PMC9020222 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.868492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomatoes and their by-products are indisputable sources of substances with antioxidants properties. Several factors limit the production and influence the nutritional and antioxidant quality of tomato fruit. However, consumers can benefit from the effects of environmental factors, such as water and hydric stress, UV radiation, agronomic practices, among others, which lead to changes in the content of secondary metabolites in tomatoes. Molecules as phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and biogenic amines are often formed in response to environmental adversities. In this way, the consumption of tomato fruits or their by-products with higher levels of antioxidants may be important adjuvants in the prevention or reduction of diseases. In this mini-review, we will present how pre- and postharvest conditions may influence the content of some bioactive compounds in tomatoes. Furthermore, we will present how some heat processing methods may change the antioxidant content, as well as, the functional and nutritional properties of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Pace Pereira Lima
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Héctor Alonzo Gómez Gómez
- Academic Department of Food, Faculty of Technological Sciences, National University of Agriculture, Catacamas, Honduras
| | | | - Marcelo Maraschin
- Plant Morphogenesis and Biochemistry Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marco Antonio Tecchio
- Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Cristine Vanz Borges
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe (UNIARP), Caçador, Brazil
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Shen W, He J, Hou T, Si J, Chen S. Common Pathogenetic Mechanisms Underlying Aging and Tumor and Means of Interventions. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1063-1091. [PMID: 35855334 PMCID: PMC9286910 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of malignant tumors among the older population. Moreover, there is an association between aging and cancer. During the process of senescence, the human body suffers from a series of imbalances, which have been shown to further accelerate aging, trigger tumorigenesis, and facilitate cancer progression. Therefore, exploring the junctions of aging and cancer and searching for novel methods to restore the junctions is of great importance to intervene against aging-related cancers. In this review, we have identified the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of aging-related cancers by comparing alterations in the human body caused by aging and the factors that trigger cancers. We found that the common mechanisms of aging and cancer include cellular senescence, alterations in proteostasis, microbiota disorders (decreased probiotics and increased pernicious bacteria), persistent chronic inflammation, extensive immunosenescence, inordinate energy metabolism, altered material metabolism, endocrine disorders, altered genetic expression, and epigenetic modification. Furthermore, we have proposed that aging and cancer have common means of intervention, including novel uses of common medicine (metformin, resveratrol, and rapamycin), dietary restriction, and artificial microbiota intervention or selectively replenishing scarce metabolites. In addition, we have summarized the research progress of each intervention and revealed their bidirectional effects on cancer progression to compare their reliability and feasibility. Therefore, the study findings provide vital information for advanced research studies on age-related cancers. However, there is a need for further optimization of the described methods and more suitable methods for complicated clinical practices. In conclusion, targeting aging may have potential therapeutic effects on aging-related cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiamin He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tongyao Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Shujie Chen (), Dr. Jianmin Si () and Dr. Tongyao Hou (), Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianmin Si
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Shujie Chen (), Dr. Jianmin Si () and Dr. Tongyao Hou (), Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China.
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center for Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Shujie Chen (), Dr. Jianmin Si () and Dr. Tongyao Hou (), Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
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21
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Tabibzadeh S. Resolving Geroplasticity to the Balance of Rejuvenins and Geriatrins. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1664-1714. [DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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22
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Chawla U, Kashyap MK, Husain A. Aging and diabetes drive the COVID-19 forwards; unveiling nature and existing therapies for the treatment. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:3911-3922. [PMID: 34169437 PMCID: PMC8224992 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Human SARS Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected more than 170 million people worldwide and resulted in more than 3.5 million deaths so far. The infection causes Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in people of all age groups, notably diabetic and old age people, at a higher risk of infectivity and fatality. Around 35% of the patients who have died of the disease were diabetic. The infection is associated with weakening immune response, chronic inflammation, and potential direct pancreatic impairment. There seems to be a three-way association of the SARS-CoV-2 infection with diabetes and aging. The COVID-19 infection causes metabolism complications, which may induce diabetes and accelerate aging in healthy individuals. How does diabetes elevate the likelihood of the infection is not clearly understood. we summarize mechanisms of accelerated aging in COVID-19 and diabetes, and the possible correlation of these three diseases. Various drug candidates under different stages of pre-clinical or clinical developments give us hope for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics, but there is no approved drug so far to treat this disease. Here, we explored the potential of anti-diabetic and anti-aging natural compounds for the COVID-19 treatment. We have also reviewed different therapeutic strategies with plant-based natural products that may be used to cure patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and post-infection syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udeep Chawla
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, Old Chemistry 226, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Amity Education Valley Panchgaon, Manesar (Gurugram), Haryana, India
| | - Amjad Husain
- Centre for Science & Society, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
- Innovation and Incubation Centre for Entrepreneurship, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
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23
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Abstract
Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a critical factor that causes morbidity and mortality in crucial conditions such as liver transplantation. In animal model, the common pathophysiologic mechanisms of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy are similar to those associated with bile duct ligation (BDL). Overproduction of inflammatory and oxidant markers plays a crucial role in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Spermidine, a multifunctional polyamine, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of spermidine on development of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in BDL rats. Rats were randomly housed in 6 groups. Except the normal and sham groups, BDL was performed for all the control and spermidine groups. Seven days after operation, 3 different doses of spermidine (5, 10 and 50 mg/kg) were administrated until day 28, in spermidine groups. At the end of the fourth week, the electrocardiography (ECG) and papillary muscle isolation were performed. The serum level of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 and cardiac level of superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH). and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed. Furthermore, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression was assessed by western blot. Cardiac histopathological changes were monitored. The serum levels of magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) were investigated. Control group, exhibited exaggerated signs of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in comparison with the sham group. Co-administration of spermidine at the dose of 10 mg/kg in BDL rats significantly improved the cardiac condition, reduced the inflammatory mediators, and increased antioxidant enzymes. In addition, the histopathologic findings were in accordance with the other results of the study. Besides, there was no significant alteration in serum levels of Mg and K. This study demonstrates that spermidine at the dose of 10 mg/kg significantly improved the cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in BDL model in rats.
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24
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Jiang D, Jiang Y, Long S, Chen Z, Li Y, Mo G, Bai L, Hao X, Yan Y, Li L, Han C, Hu S, Zhao H, Kang B. Spermidine at supraphysiological doses induces oxidative stress and granulosa cell apoptosis in mouse ovaries. Theriogenology 2021; 168:25-32. [PMID: 33845261 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Given that spermidine is associated with aging-related diseases and it is a potential target for delaying aging, functional studies on supraphysiological levels of spermidine are required. Our previous studies showed that the granulosa layer arranged irregular and the follicular oocytes were shrunk in female mice injected intraperitoneally with spermidine at 150 mg/kg (Body weight) after 24 h. It indicated that supraphysiological levels of spermidine induced ovarian damage in female mice. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of acute administration of supraphysiological spermidine on the ovary and granulosa cells in mice. The results showed that treatment with spermidine at 150 mg/kg (intraperitoneal) significantly increased the levels of both H2O2 and malondialdehyde and reduced total antioxidant capacity and the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase in mouse ovaries. The contents of putrescine and spermine increased significantly in the ovaries of mice treated with spermidine. Treatment with spermidine at 150 mg/kg increased the apoptotic rate and reactive oxygen species levels of granulosa cells in mouse ovaries. Furthermore, the protein expression of P53, CASPASE 8 (Cleaved/Pro), CASPASE 9 (Cleaved/Pro) and CASPASE 3 (Cleaved/Pro) in granulosa cells of mice treated with spermidine were significantly upregulated, while BCL2 expression was significantly downregulated. In summary, our study demonstrates for the first time that spermidine at supraphysiological doses causes ovarian oxidative stress and induces granulosa cell apoptosis via the P53 and/or BCL2-CASPASEs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yilong Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shiyun Long
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ziyu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanling Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong First Medical University &, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, 271016, China
| | - Guilin Mo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lin Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxia Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanhong Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chunchun Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shenqiang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Bo Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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25
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Hu D, Xie F, Xiao Y, Lu C, Zhong J, Huang D, Chen J, Wei J, Jiang Y, Zhong T. Metformin: A Potential Candidate for Targeting Aging Mechanisms. Aging Dis 2021; 12:480-493. [PMID: 33815878 PMCID: PMC7990352 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a universal phenomenon in all biological organisms, defined by the loss of reproductive capacity and a progressive decline in fitness. In humans, aging is further associated with an increased incidence of disease conditions. The current aging population has become a primary public burden of the 21st century. Therefore, to delay the aging process and maintain fitness in the aging population, the discovery of novel anti-aging drugs remains an urgent need. In recent years, metformin, a widely used hypoglycemic drug, has attracted growing attention in the field of anti-aging research. Reportedly, numerous studies have indicated that metformin regulates aging-related pathways, possibly delaying the aging process by modulating these pathways. The elucidation of these anti-aging effects may provide insights into the age-retarding potential of metformin. The present review focuses on the predominant molecular mechanisms associated with aging, as well as the anti-aging effects of metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Hu
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Xie
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yongwei Xiao
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chen Lu
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jianing Zhong
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,3Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Defa Huang
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,4Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jifu Wei
- 4Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- 5Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- 1The First School of Clinical Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,2Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China.,4Precision Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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26
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Jansen C, Baker JD, Kodaira E, Ang L, Bacani AJ, Aldan JT, Shimoda LMN, Salameh M, Small-Howard AL, Stokes AJ, Turner H, Adra CN. Medicine in motion: Opportunities, challenges and data analytics-based solutions for traditional medicine integration into western medical practice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113477. [PMID: 33098971 PMCID: PMC7577282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Traditional pharmacopeias have been developed by multiple cultures and evaluated for efficacy and safety through both historical/empirical iteration and more recently through controlled studies using Western scientific paradigms and an increasing emphasis on data science methodologies for network pharmacology. Traditional medicines represent likely sources of relatively inexpensive drugs for symptomatic management as well as potential libraries of new therapeutic approaches. Leveraging this potential requires hard evidence for efficacy that separates science from pseudoscience. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed a review of non-Western medical systems and developed case studies that illustrate the epistemological and practical translative barriers that hamper their transition to integration with Western approaches. We developed a new data analytics approach, in silico convergence analysis, to deconvolve modes of action, and potentially predict desirable components of TM-derived formulations based on computational consensus analysis across cultures and medical systems. RESULTS Abstraction, simplification and altered dose and delivery modalities were identified as factors that influence actual and perceived efficacy once a medicine is moved from a non-Western to Western setting. Case studies on these factors highlighted issues with translation between non-Western and Western epistemologies, including those where epistemological and medicinal systems drive markets that can be epicenters for zoonoses such as the novel Coronavirus. The proposed novel data science approach demonstrated the ability to identify and predict desirable medicinal components for a test indication, pain. CONCLUSIONS Relegation of traditional therapies to the relatively unregulated nutraceutical industry may lead healthcare providers and patients to underestimate the therapeutic potential of these medicines. We suggest three areas of emphasis for this field: First, vertical integration and embedding of traditional medicines into healthcare systems would subject them to appropriate regulation and evidence-based practice, as viable integrative implementation mode. Second, we offer a new Bradford-Hill-like framework for setting research priorities and evaluating efficacy, with the goal of rescuing potentially valuable therapies from the nutraceutical market and discrediting those that are pseudoscience. Third, data analytics pipelines offer new capacity to generate new types of TMS-inspired medicines that are rationally-designed based on integrated knowledge across cultures, and also provide an evaluative framework against which to test claims of fidelity and efficacy to TMS made for nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Jansen
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
| | - J D Baker
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
| | - E Kodaira
- Medicinal Plant Garden, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - L Ang
- Undergraduate Program in Biology, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
| | - A J Bacani
- Undergraduate Program in Biology, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
| | - J T Aldan
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA; Graduate Program in Public Health, Eastern Washington University, Spokane, WA, USA.
| | - L M N Shimoda
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
| | - M Salameh
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA.
| | | | - A J Stokes
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA; Hawai'i Data Science Institute, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA; The Adra Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - H Turner
- Laboratory of Immunology and Signal Transduction, Chaminade University, Honolulu, Hawai'i, USA; The Adra Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - C N Adra
- The Adra Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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27
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Kim G, Kim M, Kim M, Park C, Yoon Y, Lim DH, Yeo H, Kang S, Lee YG, Beak NI, Lee J, Kim S, Kwon JY, Choi WW, Lee C, Yoon KW, Park H, Lee DG. Spermidine-induced recovery of human dermal structure and barrier function by skin microbiome. Commun Biol 2021; 4:231. [PMID: 33608630 PMCID: PMC7895926 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
An unbalanced microbial ecosystem on the human skin is closely related to skin diseases and has been associated with inflammation and immune responses. However, little is known about the role of the skin microbiome on skin aging. Here, we report that the Streptococcus species improved the skin structure and barrier function, thereby contributing to anti-aging. Metagenomic analyses showed the abundance of Streptococcus in younger individuals or those having more elastic skin. Particularly, we isolated Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus infantis, and Streptococcus thermophilus from face of young individuals. Treatment with secretions of S. pneumoniae and S. infantis induced the expression of genes associated with the formation of skin structure and the skin barrier function in human skin cells. The application of culture supernatant including Streptococcal secretions on human skin showed marked improvements on skin phenotypes such as elasticity, hydration, and desquamation. Gene Ontology analysis revealed overlaps in spermidine biosynthetic and glycogen biosynthetic processes. Streptococcus-secreted spermidine contributed to the recovery of skin structure and barrier function through the upregulation of collagen and lipid synthesis in aged cells. Overall, our data suggest the role of skin microbiome into anti-aging and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gihyeon Kim
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Misun Kim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Changho Park
- grid.508753.cGenome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmin Yoon
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Hyeon Lim
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonju Yeo
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Kang
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong-Geun Lee
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 17104 Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-In Beak
- grid.289247.20000 0001 2171 7818Graduate School of Biotechnology and Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, 17104 Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- grid.264381.a0000 0001 2181 989XDermatology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology & Biocosmetics Research Center, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 16419 Suwon City, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Sujeong Kim
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Kwon
- grid.249880.f0000 0004 0374 0039The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 USA
| | - Won Woo Choi
- Wells Dermatology Clinic, 583 Shinsa-dong, Gangnam-ku, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Charles Lee
- grid.249880.f0000 0004 0374 0039The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032 USA ,grid.255649.90000 0001 2171 7754Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 03760 Seoul, Republic of Korea ,grid.452438.cThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Kyoung Wan Yoon
- grid.508753.cGenome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea ,grid.412238.e0000 0004 0532 7053Department of Biotechnology, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499 Republic of Korea
| | - Hansoo Park
- grid.61221.360000 0001 1033 9831Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Republic of Korea ,grid.508753.cGenome and Company, Pangyo-ro 253, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Geol Lee
- R&I Center, COSMAX BTI, Pangyo-ro 255, Bundang-gu, 13486 Seoungnam-si, Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea
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28
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Thakur M, Nanda V. Screening of Indian bee pollen based on antioxidant properties and polyphenolic composition using UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS: A multivariate analysis and ANN based approach. Food Res Int 2020; 140:110041. [PMID: 33648267 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present investigation aims to examine the polyphenolic composition and antioxidant capacity of bee pollen samples procured from various regions of India. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) content ranged from 15.50 ± 1.25-25.63 ± 1.42 mg GAE/g and 9.72 ± 0.28-15.61 ± 0.74 mg RE/g, respectively. Coriander pollen showed the significantly (p < 0.05) higher antioxidant activity than other samples, demonstrated by DPPH radical scavenging activity (93.75 ± 0.05%), ferric reducing antioxidant power (103.98 ± 0.82 mmol Fe2+/g), ABTS+• radical scavenging activity (96.58 ± 0.65%) and metal chelating activity (84.62 ± 4.37%). The observed antioxidant properties were strongly correlated with TPC and effectively predicted using artificial neural network. Sixty polyphenolic compounds including 38 flavonoids and derivatives, 21 phenolic acid and derivatives and one glucosinolates were identified using UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS wherein the presence of daidzein and sinigrin was acknowledged for the first time. Further, principal component analysis identified three principal components, illustrating 91.24% of total variation to differentiate the pollen samples which were also classified by hierarchical cluster analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Thakur
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology (Deemed-to-be-University), Longowal 148106, Punjab, India.
| | - Vikas Nanda
- Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology (Deemed-to-be-University), Longowal 148106, Punjab, India
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29
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Guijas C, Montenegro-Burke JR, Cintron-Colon R, Domingo-Almenara X, Sanchez-Alavez M, Aguirre CA, Shankar K, Majumder ELW, Billings E, Conti B, Siuzdak G. Metabolic adaptation to calorie restriction. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/648/eabb2490. [PMID: 32900879 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abb2490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Calorie restriction (CR) enhances health span (the length of time that an organism remains healthy) and increases longevity across species. In mice, these beneficial effects are partly mediated by the lowering of core body temperature that occurs during CR. Conversely, the favorable effects of CR on health span are mitigated by elevating ambient temperature to thermoneutrality (30°C), a condition in which hypothermia is blunted. In this study, we compared the global metabolic response to CR of mice housed at 22°C (the standard housing temperature) or at 30°C and found that thermoneutrality reverted 39 and 78% of total systemic or hypothalamic metabolic variations caused by CR, respectively. Systemic changes included pathways that control fuel use and energy expenditure during CR. Cognitive computing-assisted analysis of these metabolomics results helped to prioritize potential active metabolites that modulated the hypothermic response to CR. Last, we demonstrated with pharmacological approaches that nitric oxide (NO) produced through the citrulline-NO pathway promotes CR-triggered hypothermia and that leucine enkephalin directly controls core body temperature when exogenously injected into the hypothalamus. Because thermoneutrality counteracts CR-enhanced health span, the multiple metabolites and pathways altered by thermoneutrality may represent targets for mimicking CR-associated effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Guijas
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - J Rafael Montenegro-Burke
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rigo Cintron-Colon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Xavier Domingo-Almenara
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Alavez
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguirre
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kokila Shankar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Erica L-W Majumder
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Elizabeth Billings
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bruno Conti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. .,Department of Neuroscience and Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gary Siuzdak
- Scripps Center for Metabolomics, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. .,Departments of Chemistry, Molecular, and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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30
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De Risi M, Torromino G, Tufano M, Moriceau S, Pignataro A, Rivagorda M, Carrano N, Middei S, Settembre C, Ammassari‐Teule M, Gardoni F, Mele A, Oury F, De Leonibus E. Mechanisms by which autophagy regulates memory capacity in ageing. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13189. [PMID: 32729663 PMCID: PMC7511873 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy agonists have been proposed to slow down neurodegeneration. Spermidine, a polyamine that acts as an autophagy agonist, is currently under clinical trial for the treatment of age‐related memory decline. How Spermidine and other autophagy agonists regulate memory and synaptic plasticity is under investigation. We set up a novel mouse model of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), in which middle‐aged (12‐month‐old) mice exhibit impaired memory capacity, lysosomes engulfed with amyloid fibrils (β‐amyloid and α‐synuclein) and impaired task‐induced GluA1 hippocampal post‐translation modifications. Subchronic treatment with Spermidine as well as the autophagy agonist TAT‐Beclin 1 rescued memory capacity and GluA1 post‐translational modifications by favouring the autophagy/lysosomal‐mediated degradation of amyloid fibrils. These findings provide new mechanistic evidence on the therapeutic relevance of autophagy enhancers which, by improving the degradation of misfolded proteins, slow down age‐related memory decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Risi
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine Telethon Foundation Pozzuoli Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC) National Research Council Rome Italy
| | - Giulia Torromino
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine Telethon Foundation Pozzuoli Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC) National Research Council Rome Italy
| | - Michele Tufano
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine Telethon Foundation Pozzuoli Italy
| | - Stéphanie Moriceau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151 Institut Necker Enfants‐Malades (INEM) Université Paris Descartes‐Sorbonne–Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Annabella Pignataro
- Laboratory of Psychobiology Department of Experimental Neurology Santa Lucia Foundation Rome Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT) National Research Council Rome Italy
| | - Manon Rivagorda
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151 Institut Necker Enfants‐Malades (INEM) Université Paris Descartes‐Sorbonne–Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Nicolò Carrano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Silvia Middei
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC) National Research Council Rome Italy
| | - Carmine Settembre
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine Telethon Foundation Pozzuoli Italy
| | - Martine Ammassari‐Teule
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC) National Research Council Rome Italy
- Laboratory of Psychobiology Department of Experimental Neurology Santa Lucia Foundation Rome Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology "C. Darwin" Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
- Center for Research in Neurobiology "D. Bovet" Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy
| | - Franck Oury
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151 Institut Necker Enfants‐Malades (INEM) Université Paris Descartes‐Sorbonne–Paris Cité Paris France
| | - Elvira De Leonibus
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine Telethon Foundation Pozzuoli Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC) National Research Council Rome Italy
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31
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Gomes AP, Ilter D, Low V, Endress JE, Fernández-García J, Rosenzweig A, Schild T, Broekaert D, Ahmed A, Planque M, Elia I, Han J, Kinzig C, Mullarky E, Mutvei AP, Asara J, de Cabo R, Cantley LC, Dephoure N, Fendt SM, Blenis J. Age-induced accumulation of methylmalonic acid promotes tumour progression. Nature 2020; 585:283-287. [PMID: 32814897 PMCID: PMC7785256 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2630-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
From age 65 onwards, the risk of cancer incidence and associated mortality is substantially higher1–6. Nonetheless, our understanding of the complex relationship between age and cancer is still in its infancy2,3,7,8. For decades, this link has largely been attributed to increased exposure time to mutagens in older individuals. However, this view does not account for the well-established role of diet, exercise and small molecules that target the pace of metabolic aging9–12. Here, we show that metabolic alterations that occur with age can render a systemic environment favorable to progression and aggressiveness of tumors. Specifically, we show that methylmalonic acid (MMA), a by-product of propionate metabolism, is significantly up-regulated in the serum of older people, and functions as a mediator of tumor progression. We traced this to MMA’s ability to induce SOX4 and consequently eliciting a transcriptional reprogramming that can endow cancer cells with aggressive properties. Thus, accumulation of MMA represents a novel link between aging and cancer progression, implicating MMA as a novel therapeutic target for advanced carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Gomes
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA.
| | - Didem Ilter
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Vivien Low
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,The Biochemistry, Structural, Developmental, Cell and Molecular Biology Allied PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer E Endress
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,The Biochemistry, Structural, Developmental, Cell and Molecular Biology Allied PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juan Fernández-García
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adam Rosenzweig
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tanya Schild
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,The Biochemistry, Structural, Developmental, Cell and Molecular Biology Allied PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dorien Broekaert
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adnan Ahmed
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melanie Planque
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ilaria Elia
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julie Han
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles Kinzig
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medicine/Rockefeller University/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Edouard Mullarky
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anders P Mutvei
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Asara
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Laboratory of Experimental Gerontology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noah Dephoure
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarah-Maria Fendt
- Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Laboratory of Cellular Metabolism and Metabolic Regulation, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven and Leuven Cancer Institute (LKI), Leuven, Belgium
| | - John Blenis
- Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Conway LP, Rendo V, Correia MSP, Bergdahl IA, Sjöblom T, Globisch D. Unexpected Acetylation of Endogenous Aliphatic Amines by Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase NAT2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:14342-14346. [PMID: 32497306 PMCID: PMC7497018 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetyltransferases play critical roles in the deactivation and clearance of xenobiotics, including clinical drugs. NAT2 has been classified as an arylamine N-acetyltransferase that mainly converts aromatic amines, hydroxylamines, and hydrazines. Herein, we demonstrate that the human arylamine N-acetyltransferase NAT2 also acetylates aliphatic endogenous amines. Metabolomic analysis and chemical synthesis revealed increased intracellular concentrations of mono- and diacetylated spermidine in human cell lines expressing the rapid compared to the slow acetylator NAT2 phenotype. The regioselective N8 -acetylation of monoacetylated spermidine by NAT2 answers the long-standing question of the source of diacetylspermidine. We also identified selective acetylation of structurally diverse alkylamine-containing drugs by NAT2, which may contribute to variations in patient responses. The results demonstrate a previously unknown functionality and potential regulatory role for NAT2, and we suggest that this enzyme should be considered for re-classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis P. Conway
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 57475123UppsalaSweden
| | - Veronica Rendo
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala University75123UppsalaSweden
| | - Mário S. P. Correia
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 57475123UppsalaSweden
| | - Ingvar A. Bergdahl
- The Biobank Research Unit and Department of Public Health and Clinical MedicineSection of Sustainable HealthUmeå University90185UmeåSweden
| | - Tobias Sjöblom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and PathologyScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala University75123UppsalaSweden
| | - Daniel Globisch
- Department of Medicinal ChemistryScience for Life LaboratoryUppsala UniversityBox 57475123UppsalaSweden
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Conway LP, Rendo V, Correia MSP, Bergdahl IA, Sjöblom T, Globisch D. Unexpected Acetylation of Endogenous Aliphatic Amines by Arylamine
N
‐Acetyltransferase NAT2. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202005915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Louis P. Conway
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University Box 574 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Veronica Rendo
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Mário S. P. Correia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University Box 574 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Ingvar A. Bergdahl
- The Biobank Research Unit and Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine Section of Sustainable Health Umeå University 90185 Umeå Sweden
| | - Tobias Sjöblom
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University 75123 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Daniel Globisch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University Box 574 75123 Uppsala Sweden
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Janssens GE, Houtkooper RH. Identification of longevity compounds with minimized probabilities of side effects. Biogerontology 2020; 21:709-719. [PMID: 32562114 PMCID: PMC7541369 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-020-09887-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It is hypothesized that treating the general aging population with compounds that slow aging, geroprotectors, could provide many benefits to society, including a reduction of age-related diseases. It is intuitive that such compounds should cause minimal side effects, since they would be distributed to otherwise healthy individuals for extended periods of time. The question therefore emerges of how we should prioritize geroprotectors discovered in model organisms for clinical testing in humans. In other words, which compounds are least likely to cause harm, while still potentially providing benefit? To systematically answer this question we queried the DrugAge database—containing hundreds of known geroprotectors—and cross-referenced this with a recently published repository of compound side effect predictions. In total, 124 geroprotectors were associated to 800 unique side effects. Geroprotectors with high risks of side effects, some even with risk for death, included lamotrigine and minocycline, while compounds with low side effect risks included spermidine and d-glucosamine. Despite their popularity as top geroprotector candidates for humans, sirolimus and metformin harbored greater risks of side effects than many other candidate geroprotectors, sirolimus being the more severe of the two. Furthermore, we found that a correlation existed between maximum lifespan extension in worms and the likelihood of causing a side effect, suggesting that extreme lifespan extension in model organisms should not necessarily be the priority when screening for novel geroprotectors. We discuss the implications of our findings for prioritizing geroprotectors, suggesting spermidine and d-glucosamine for clinical trials in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Meibergdreef 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Adacan K, Obakan-Yerlikaya P, Arisan ED, Coker-Gurkan A, Kaya RI, Palavan-Unsal N. Epibrassinolide-induced autophagy occurs in an Atg5-independent manner due to endoplasmic stress induction in MEF cells. Amino Acids 2020; 52:871-891. [PMID: 32449072 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-020-02857-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Epibrassinolide (EBR), a polyhydroxysteroid belongs to plant growth regulator family, brassinosteroids and has been shown to have a similar chemical structure to mammalian steroid hormones. Our findings indicated that EBR could trigger apoptosis in cancer cells via induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, caused by protein folding disturbance in the ER. Normal cells exhibited a remarkable resistance to EBR treatment and avoid from apoptotic cell death. The unfolded protein response clears un/misfolded proteins and restore ER functions. When stress is chronic, cells tend to die due to improper cellular functions. To understand the effect of EBR in non-malign cells, mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells were investigated in detail for ER stress biomarkers, autophagy, and polyamine metabolism in this study. Evolutionary conserved autophagy mechanism is a crucial cellular process to clean damaged organelles and protein aggregates through lysosome under the control of autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Cells tend to activate autophagy to promote cell survival under stress conditions. Polyamines are polycationic molecules playing a role in the homeostasis of important cellular events such as cell survival, growth, and, proliferation. The administration of PAs has been markedly extended the lifespan of various organisms via inducing autophagy and inhibiting oxidative stress. Our data indicated that ER stress is induced following EBR treatment in MEF cells as well as MEF Atg5-/- cells. In addition, autophagy is activated following EBR treatment by targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR in wildtype (wt) cells. However, EBR-induced autophagy targets ULK1 in MEF cells lacking Atg5 expression. Besides, EBR treatment depleted the PA pool in MEF cells through the alterations of metabolic enzymes. The administration of Spd with EBR further increased autophagic vacuole formation. In conclusion, EBR is an anticancer drug candidate with selective cytotoxicity for cancer cells, in addition the induction of autophagy and PA metabolism are critical for responses of normal cells against EBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Adacan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Ataköy Campus, Bakirkoy, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Obakan-Yerlikaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Ataköy Campus, Bakirkoy, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Elif Damla Arisan
- Institute of Biotechnology, Gebze Technical University, 41400, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ajda Coker-Gurkan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Ataköy Campus, Bakirkoy, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Resul Ismail Kaya
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Ataköy Campus, Bakirkoy, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Narçın Palavan-Unsal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Kultur University, Ataköy Campus, Bakirkoy, 34156, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bannuscher A, Hellack B, Bahl A, Laloy J, Herman H, Stan MS, Dinischiotu A, Giusti A, Krause BC, Tentschert J, Roșu M, Balta C, Hermenean A, Wiemann M, Luch A, Haase A. Metabolomics profiling to investigate nanomaterial toxicity in vitro and in vivo. Nanotoxicology 2020; 14:807-826. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1764123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bannuscher
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
- Adolphe Merkle Institute (AMI), University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bryan Hellack
- Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology (IUTA) e.V, Duisburg, Germany
- German Environment Agency (UBA), Dessau, Germany
| | - Aileen Bahl
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Julie Laloy
- Department of Pharmacy, Namur Nanosafety Centre, NARILIS, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Hildegard Herman
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Miruna S. Stan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Anna Giusti
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Benjamin-Christoph Krause
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Tentschert
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Roșu
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, Arad, Romania
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Martin Wiemann
- IBE R&D Institute for Lung Health gGmbH, Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Haase
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
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Yessenkyzy A, Saliev T, Zhanaliyeva M, Masoud AR, Umbayev B, Sergazy S, Krivykh E, Gulyayev A, Nurgozhin T. Polyphenols as Caloric-Restriction Mimetics and Autophagy Inducers in Aging Research. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1344. [PMID: 32397145 PMCID: PMC7285205 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been thought that caloric restriction favors longevity and healthy aging where autophagy plays a vital role. However, autophagy decreases during aging and that can lead to the development of aging-associated diseases such as cancer, diabetes, neurodegeneration, etc. It was shown that autophagy can be induced by mechanical or chemical stress. In this regard, various pharmacological compounds were proposed, including natural polyphenols. Apart from the ability to induce autophagy, polyphenols, such as resveratrol, are capable of modulating the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors, neutralizing free radical species, affecting mitochondrial functions, chelating redox-active transition metal ions, and preventing protein aggregation. Moreover, polyphenols have advantages compared to chemical inducers of autophagy due to their intrinsic natural bio-compatibility and safety. In this context, polyphenols can be considered as a potential therapeutic tool for healthy aging either as a part of a diet or as separate compounds (supplements). This review discusses the epigenetic aspect and the underlying molecular mechanism of polyphenols as an anti-aging remedy. In addition, the recent advances of studies on NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) regulation of autophagy, the role of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in cells senescence and their regulation by polyphenols have been highlighted as well. Apart from that, the review also revised the latest information on how polyphenols can help to improve mitochondrial function and modulate apoptosis (programmed cell death).
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Affiliation(s)
- Assylzhan Yessenkyzy
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine named after B. Atchabarov, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (T.N.)
| | - Timur Saliev
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine named after B. Atchabarov, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (T.N.)
| | - Marina Zhanaliyeva
- Department of Human Anatomy, NSC “Medical University of Astana”, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Abdul-Razak Masoud
- Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71270, USA;
| | - Bauyrzhan Umbayev
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.U.); (S.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Shynggys Sergazy
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.U.); (S.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Elena Krivykh
- Khanty-Mansiysk State Medical Academy, Tyumen Region, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug—Ugra, Khanty-Mansiysk 125438, Russia;
| | - Alexander Gulyayev
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (B.U.); (S.S.); (A.G.)
| | - Talgat Nurgozhin
- Research Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine named after B. Atchabarov, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (A.Y.); (T.N.)
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Sharma R, Padwad Y. Probiotic bacteria as modulators of cellular senescence: emerging concepts and opportunities. Gut Microbes 2020; 11:335-349. [PMID: 31818183 PMCID: PMC7524351 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2019.1697148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria are increasingly gaining importance in human nutrition owing to their multifaceted health beneficial effects. Studies have also shown that probiotic supplementation is useful in mitigating age-associated oxi-inflammatory stress, immunosenescence, and gut dysbiosis thereby promoting health and longevity. However, our current understanding of the process of aging suggests a strong interrelationship between the accumulation of senescent cells and the development of aging phenotype, including the predisposition to age-related disorders. The present review studies the documented pro-longevity effects of probiotics and highlights how these beneficial attributes of probiotics could be related to the mitigation of cellular senescence. We present a perspective that to fully understand and comprehend the anti-aging characteristics of probiotic bacteria; it is imperative that probiotics or their synbiotic amalgamation with plant polyphenols, be studied under the purview of cellular senescence, that may ultimately help devise probiotic-based anti-senescence strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Sharma
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Food & Nutraceutical Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India,CONTACT Rohit Sharma Food & Nutraceutical Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur176061, India
| | - Yogendra Padwad
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, Food & Nutraceutical Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
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Oh CM, Ryu D, Cho S, Jang Y. Mitochondrial Quality Control in the Heart: New Drug Targets for Cardiovascular Disease. Korean Circ J 2020; 50:395-405. [PMID: 32216174 PMCID: PMC7098821 DOI: 10.4070/kcj.2019.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable efforts to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease (CVD), it has become the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardiac mitochondria are crucial cell organelles responsible for creating energy-rich ATP and mitochondrial dysfunction is the root cause for developing heart failure. Therefore, maintenance of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) is an essential process for cardiovascular homeostasis and cardiac health. In this review, we describe the major mechanisms of MQC system, such as mitochondrial unfolded protein response and mitophagy. Moreover, we describe the results of MQC failure in cardiac mitochondria. Furthermore, we discuss the prospects of 2 drug candidates, urolithin A and spermidine, for restoring mitochondrial homeostasis to treat CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Myung Oh
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Dongryeol Ryu
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Korea
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sungsoo Cho
- Division of Cardiovascular medicine, Department of Internal medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yangsoo Jang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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40
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Gonzalez-Freire M, Diaz-Ruiz A, Hauser D, Martinez-Romero J, Ferrucci L, Bernier M, de Cabo R. The road ahead for health and lifespan interventions. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 59:101037. [PMID: 32109604 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a modifiable risk factor for most chronic diseases and an inevitable process in humans. The development of pharmacological interventions aimed at delaying or preventing the onset of chronic conditions and other age-related diseases has been at the forefront of the aging field. Preclinical findings have demonstrated that species, sex and strain confer significant heterogeneity on reaching the desired health- and lifespan-promoting pharmacological responses in model organisms. Translating the safety and efficacy of these interventions to humans and the lack of reliable biomarkers that serve as predictors of health outcomes remain a challenge. Here, we will survey current pharmacological interventions that promote lifespan extension and/or increased healthspan in animals and humans, and review the various anti-aging interventions selected for inclusion in the NIA's Interventions Testing Program as well as the ClinicalTrials.gov database that target aging or age-related diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Group, Fundació Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Alberto Diaz-Ruiz
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA; Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies - IMDEA Food, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Hauser
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Jorge Martinez-Romero
- Molecular Oncology and Nutritional Genomics of Cancer Group, Precision Nutrition and Cancer Program, IMDEA Food, CEI, UAM/CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Michel Bernier
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, Biomedical Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland, 21224, USA
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41
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Hu J, Lu X, Zhang X, Shao X, Wang Y, Chen J, Zhao B, Li S, Xu C, Wei C. Exogenous spermine attenuates myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:1660-1670. [PMID: 32304136 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is one of the main pathological manifestations of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Spermine (SPM), a product of polyamine metabolism, plays an important role in many cardiac diseases including hypertrophy, ischemia, and infarction, but its role in diabetic myocardial fibrosis has not been clarified. This study aimed to investigate the role of polyamine metabolism, specifically SPM, in diabetic myocardial fibrosis and to explore the related mechanisms. We used intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg) in Wistar rats and high glucose (HG, 40 mM) stimulated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) to established a type 1 diabetes (T1D) model in vivo and in vitro, which were pretreated with exogenous SPM (5 mg/kg per day and 5 μM). The results showed that hyperglycemia induced the expression of the key polyamine synthesis enzyme ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) decreased and the key catabolic enzyme spermidine/spermine N1 -acetyltransferase (SSAT) increased compared with those in the control group. The body weight, blood insulin level, and cardiac ejection function were decreased, while blood glucose, heart weight, the ratio of heart weight to body weight, myocardial interstitial collagen deposition, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related protein (glucose-regulated protein-78, glucose-regulated protein-94, activating transcription factor-4, and C/EBP homology protein) expression in the T1D group were all significantly increased. HG also caused an increased expression of Wnt3, β-catenin (in cytoplasm and nucleus), while Axin2 and phosphorylated β-catenin decreased. Exogenous SPM improved the above changes caused by polyamine metabolic disorders. In conclusion, polyamine metabolism disorder occurs in the myocardial tissue of diabetic rats, causing myocardial fibrosis and ERS. Exogenous SPM plays a myocardial protective role via inhibiting of ERS and the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Lu
- Department of Physical Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoting Shao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yuehong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Junting Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Harbin Medical University Fourth Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Siwei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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42
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Popa-Wagner A, Dumitrascu DI, Capitanescu B, Petcu EB, Surugiu R, Fang WH, Dumbrava DA. Dietary habits, lifestyle factors and neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2020; 15:394-400. [PMID: 31571647 PMCID: PMC6921346 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.266045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide stroke is increasing in parallel with modernization, changes in lifestyle, and the growing elderly population. Our review is focused on the link between diet, as part of 'modern lifestyle', and health in the context of genetic predisposition of individuals to 'unhealthy' metabolic pathway activity. It is concluded that lifestyle including high sugar diets, alcohol and tobacco addiction or high fat diets as well as ageing, brain injury, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, negatively influence the onset, severity and duration of neurodegenerative diseases. Fortunately, there are several healthy dietary components such as polyunsaturated fatty acids and the anti-oxidants curcumin, resveratrol, blueberry polyphenols, sulphoraphane, salvionic acid as well as caloric restriction and physical activity, which may counteract ageing and associated neurodegenerative diseases via increased autophagy or increased neurogenesis in the adult brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Bogdan Capitanescu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Eugen Bogdan Petcu
- Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Roxana Surugiu
- Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
| | - Wen-Hui Fang
- School of Healthcare Science, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Danut-Adrian Dumbrava
- Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Craiova, Romania
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43
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Zou D, Min Y, Liu Y, Wei X, Wang J. Identification of a Spermidine Synthase Gene from Soybean by Recombinant Expression, Transcriptional Verification, and Sequence Analysis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:2366-2372. [PMID: 32017555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b07443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spermidine possesses multiple healthy functions, and soybeans contain the most abundant spermidine. In this study, spermidine contents of soybeans from different varieties and production regions in China were evaluated, and a spermidine synthase gene (speE) was identified by recombinant expression, transcriptional verification, and sequence analysis. Spermidine contents of soybean samples from 18 varieties ranged 72.38-228.82 mg/kg, and those from 19 production regions ranged 134.64-242.32 mg/kg. The highest-spermidine sample GZ was used to clone four predicted speE genes. Expressing the gene speE5 improved the spermidine titer by 54% in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, confirming that speE5 was involved in spermidine synthesis. Transcriptional verification was performed through a soybean germination model. Germination for 48 h led to a onefold increase of spermidine in samples SHX and HB, and corresponding speE5 transcriptional levels were improved by 26-fold and 18-fold, respectively, further verifying the function of speE5. Finally, the sequences of the speE5 gene and deduced amino acids were analyzed, and the conserved sites and catalysis mechanisms were presented. This study identified an active spermidine synthase gene from soybean for the first time, which provided an important gene resource for genetic breeding of spermidine-rich soybean or microbial cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Zou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Yu Min
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Yingli Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
| | - Xuetuan Wei
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
- Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology (Ministry of Education), College of Food Science and Technology , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China
| | - Jing Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health , Beijing Technology and Business University (BTBU) , Beijing 100048 , China
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44
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Autophagy delays progression of the two most frequent human monogenetic lethal diseases: cystic fibrosis and Wilson disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:3657-3661. [PMID: 30568028 PMCID: PMC6326686 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) and Wilson disease (WD) are two monogenetic, recessively inherited lethal pathologies that are caused by ionic disequilibria. CF results from loss-of-function mutations in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a channel that conducts chloride across epithelial cell membranes, while WD is due to a deficiency of ATPase copper transporting beta (ATP7B), a plasma membrane protein that pumps out copper from cells. Recent evidence suggests that both diseases are linked to perturbations in autophagy. CFTR deficiency causes an inhibition of autophagic flux, thus locking respiratory epithelial cells in a pro-inflammatory state and subverting the bactericidal function of macrophages. WD is linked to an increase in autophagy, which, however, is insufficient to mitigate the cytotoxicity of copper. Pharmacological induction of autophagy may delay disease progression, as indicated by preclinical evidence (for CF and WD) and results from clinical trials, in particular in CF patients with the most frequent CTRT mutation (CFTRdel506). Thus, CF and WD exemplify pathologies in which insufficient autophagy plays a major role in determining the chronology of disease progression, much like the pace of 'normal' aging that is dictated by disabled autophagy as well.
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45
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Mechanisms by which PE21, an extract from the white willow Salix alba, delays chronological aging in budding yeast. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5780-5816. [PMID: 31645900 PMCID: PMC6791382 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently found that PE21, an extract from the white willow Salix alba, slows chronological aging and prolongs longevity of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae more efficiently than any of the previously known pharmacological interventions. Here, we investigated mechanisms through which PE21 delays yeast chronological aging and extends yeast longevity. We show that PE21 causes a remodeling of lipid metabolism in chronologically aging yeast, thereby instigating changes in the concentrations of several lipid classes. We demonstrate that such changes in the cellular lipidome initiate three mechanisms of aging delay and longevity extension. The first mechanism through which PE21 slows aging and prolongs longevity consists in its ability to decrease the intracellular concentration of free fatty acids. This postpones an age-related onset of liponecrotic cell death promoted by excessive concentrations of free fatty acids. The second mechanism of aging delay and longevity extension by PE21 consists in its ability to decrease the concentrations of triacylglycerols and to increase the concentrations of glycerophospholipids within the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. This activates the unfolded protein response system in the endoplasmic reticulum, which then decelerates an age-related decline in protein and lipid homeostasis and slows down an aging-associated deterioration of cell resistance to stress. The third mechanisms underlying aging delay and longevity extension by PE21 consists in its ability to change lipid concentrations in the mitochondrial membranes. This alters certain catabolic and anabolic processes in mitochondria, thus amending the pattern of aging-associated changes in several key aspects of mitochondrial functionality.
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46
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Cuanalo-Contreras K, Moreno-Gonzalez I. Natural Products as Modulators of the Proteostasis Machinery: Implications in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194666. [PMID: 31547084 PMCID: PMC6801507 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins play crucial and diverse roles within the cell. To exert their biological function they must fold to acquire an appropriate three-dimensional conformation. Once their function is fulfilled, they need to be properly degraded to hamper any possible damage. Protein homeostasis or proteostasis comprises a complex interconnected network that regulates different steps of the protein quality control, from synthesis and folding, to degradation. Due to the primary role of proteins in cellular function, the integrity of this network is critical to assure functionality and health across lifespan. Proteostasis failure has been reported in the context of aging and neurodegeneration, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, targeting the proteostasis elements emerges as a promising neuroprotective therapeutic approach to prevent or ameliorate the progression of these disorders. A variety of natural products are known to be neuroprotective by protein homeostasis interaction. In this review, we will focus on the current knowledge regarding the use of natural products as modulators of different components of the proteostasis machinery within the framework of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cuanalo-Contreras
- The Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Houston Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Ines Moreno-Gonzalez
- The Mitchell Center for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Brain Disorders, Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Houston Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Departamento Biologia Celular, Genetica y Fisiologia, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, 28031 Madrid, Spain.
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain.
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47
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Viltard M, Durand S, Pérez-Lanzón M, Aprahamian F, Lefevre D, Leroy C, Madeo F, Kroemer G, Friedlander G. The metabolomic signature of extreme longevity: naked mole rats versus mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:4783-4800. [PMID: 31346149 PMCID: PMC6682510 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is characterized by a more than tenfold higher life expectancy compared to another rodent species of the same size, namely, the laboratory mouse (Mus musculus). We used mass spectrometric metabolomics to analyze circulating plasma metabolites in both species at different ages. Interspecies differences were much more pronounced than age-associated alterations in the metabolome. Such interspecies divergences affected multiple metabolic pathways involving amino, bile and fatty acids as well as monosaccharides and nucleotides. The most intriguing metabolites were those that had previously been linked to pro-health and antiaging effects in mice and that were significantly increased in the long-lived rodent compared to its short-lived counterpart. This pattern applies to α-tocopherol (also known as vitamin E) and polyamines (in particular cadaverine, N8-acetylspermidine and N1,N8-diacetylspermidine), all of which were more abundant in naked mole-rats than in mice. Moreover, the age-associated decline in spermidine and N1-acetylspermidine levels observed in mice did not occur, or is even reversed (in the case of N1-acetylspermidine) in naked mole-rats. In short, the present metabolomics analysis provides a series of testable hypotheses to explain the exceptional longevity of naked mole-rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Viltard
- Fondation pour la Recherche en Physiologie, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sylvère Durand
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Maria Pérez-Lanzón
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris Saclay, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Fanny Aprahamian
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Deborah Lefevre
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
| | - Christine Leroy
- INSERM UMR_S1151 CNRS UMR8253 Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Paris, France
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Equipe Labellisée par la Ligue contre le Cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gérard Friedlander
- INSERM UMR_S1151 CNRS UMR8253 Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Paris, France
- Service de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Université de Paris - Paris Descartes, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France
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48
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Zhou DR, Eid R, Miller KA, Boucher E, Mandato CA, Greenwood MT. Intracellular second messengers mediate stress inducible hormesis and Programmed Cell Death: A review. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:773-792. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Strickland M, Yacoubi-Loueslati B, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Pender SLF, Larbi A. Relationships Between Ion Channels, Mitochondrial Functions and Inflammation in Human Aging. Front Physiol 2019; 10:158. [PMID: 30881309 PMCID: PMC6405477 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is often associated with a loss of function. We believe aging to be more an adaptation to the various, and often continuous, stressors encountered during life in order to maintain overall functionality of the systems. The maladaptation of a system during aging may increase the susceptibility to diseases. There are basic cellular functions that may influence and/or are influenced by aging. Mitochondrial function is amongst these. Their presence in almost all cell types makes of these valuable targets for interventions to slow down or even reserve signs of aging. In this review, the role of mitochondria and essential physiological regulators of mitochondria and cellular functions, ion channels, will be discussed in the context of human aging. The origins of inflamm-aging, associated with poor clinical outcomes, will be linked to mitochondria and ion channel biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Strickland
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Besma Yacoubi-Loueslati
- Laboratory of Mycology, Pathologies and Biomarkers, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Molecules, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Medical School of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Sylvia L. F. Pender
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Chinese University of Hong Kong – University of Southampton Joint Lab for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Geriatrics Division, Department of Medicine, Research Center on Aging, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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50
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Dakik P, McAuley M, Chancharoen M, Mitrofanova D, Lozano Rodriguez ME, Baratang Junio JA, Lutchman V, Cortes B, Simard É, Titorenko VI. Pairwise combinations of chemical compounds that delay yeast chronological aging through different signaling pathways display synergistic effects on the extent of aging delay. Oncotarget 2019; 10:313-338. [PMID: 30719227 PMCID: PMC6349451 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently discovered six plant extracts that delay yeast chronological aging. Most of them affect different nodes, edges and modules of an evolutionarily conserved network of longevity regulation that integrates certain signaling pathways and protein kinases; this network is also under control of such aging-delaying chemical compounds as spermidine and resveratrol. We have previously shown that, if a strain carrying an aging-delaying single-gene mutation affecting a certain node, edge or module of the network is exposed to some of the six plant extracts, the mutation and the plant extract enhance aging-delaying efficiencies of each other so that their combination has a synergistic effect on the extent of aging delay. We therefore hypothesized that a pairwise combination of two aging-delaying plant extracts or a combination of one of these plant extracts and spermidine or resveratrol may have a synergistic effect on the extent of aging delay only if each component of this combination targets a different element of the network. To test our hypothesis, we assessed longevity-extending efficiencies of all possible pairwise combinations of the six plant extracts or of one of them and spermidine or resveratrol in chronologically aging yeast. In support of our hypothesis, we show that only pairwise combinations of naturally-occurring chemical compounds that slow aging through different nodes, edges and modules of the network delay aging in a synergistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Dakik
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mélissa McAuley
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Darya Mitrofanova
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Vicky Lutchman
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Berly Cortes
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Éric Simard
- Idunn Technologies Inc., Rosemere, Quebec, Canada
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