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Goode EA, Orozco-Moreno M, Hodgson K, Nabilah A, Murali M, Peng Z, Merx J, Rossing E, Pijnenborg JFA, Boltje TJ, Wang N, Elliott DJ, Munkley J. Sialylation Inhibition Can Partially Revert Acquired Resistance to Enzalutamide in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2953. [PMID: 39272811 PMCID: PMC11393965 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16172953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a lethal solid malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in males worldwide. Treatments, including radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, and hormone therapy, are available and have improved patient survival; however, recurrence remains a huge clinical challenge. Enzalutamide is a second-generation androgen receptor antagonist that is used to treat castrate-resistant prostate cancer. Among patients who initially respond to enzalutamide, virtually all acquire secondary resistance, and an improved understanding of the mechanisms involved is urgently needed. Aberrant glycosylation, and, in particular, alterations to sialylated glycans, have been reported as mediators of therapy resistance in cancer, but a link between tumour-associated glycans and resistance to therapy in prostate cancer has not yet been investigated. Here, using cell line models, we show that prostate cancer cells with acquired resistance to enzalutamide therapy have an upregulation of the sialyltransferase ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) and increased levels of α2,6-sialylated N-glycans. Furthermore, using the sialyltransferase inhibitor P-SiaFNEtoc, we discover that acquired resistance to enzalutamide can be partially reversed by combining enzalutamide therapy with sialic acid blockade. Our findings identify a potential role for ST6GAL1-mediated aberrant sialylation in acquired resistance to enzalutamide therapy for prostate cancer and suggest that sialic acid blockade in combination with enzalutamide may represent a novel therapeutic approach in patients with advanced disease. Our study also highlights the potential to bridge the fields of cancer biology and glycobiology to develop novel combination therapies for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Amirah Nabilah
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Meera Murali
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ziqian Peng
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jona Merx
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel Rossing
- GlycoTherapeutics B.V., 6511 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas J Boltje
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- GlycoTherapeutics B.V., 6511 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle NE1 3BZ, UK
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Hodgson K, Orozco-Moreno M, Goode EA, Fisher M, Garnham R, Beatson R, Turner H, Livermore K, Zhou Y, Wilson L, Visser EA, Pijnenborg JF, Eerden N, Moons SJ, Rossing E, Hysenaj G, Krishna R, Peng Z, Nangkana KP, Schmidt EN, Duxfield A, Dennis EP, Heer R, Lawson MA, Macauley M, Elliott DJ, Büll C, Scott E, Boltje TJ, Drake RR, Wang N, Munkley J. Sialic acid blockade inhibits the metastatic spread of prostate cancer to bone. EBioMedicine 2024; 104:105163. [PMID: 38772281 PMCID: PMC11134892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.105163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone metastasis is a common consequence of advanced prostate cancer. Bisphosphonates can be used to manage symptoms, but there are currently no curative treatments available. Altered tumour cell glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and is an important driver of a malignant phenotype. In prostate cancer, the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 is upregulated, and studies show ST6GAL1-mediated aberrant sialylation of N-glycans promotes prostate tumour growth and disease progression. METHODS Here, we monitor ST6GAL1 in tumour and serum samples from men with aggressive prostate cancer and using in vitro and in vivo models we investigate the role of ST6GAL1 in prostate cancer bone metastasis. FINDINGS ST6GAL1 is upregulated in patients with prostate cancer with tumours that have spread to the bone and can promote prostate cancer bone metastasis in vivo. The mechanisms involved are multi-faceted and involve modification of the pre-metastatic niche towards bone resorption to promote the vicious cycle, promoting the development of M2 like macrophages, and the regulation of immunosuppressive sialoglycans. Furthermore, using syngeneic mouse models, we show that inhibiting sialylation can block the spread of prostate tumours to bone. INTERPRETATION Our study identifies an important role for ST6GAL1 and α2-6 sialylated N-glycans in prostate cancer bone metastasis, provides proof-of-concept data to show that inhibiting sialylation can suppress the spread of prostate tumours to bone, and highlights sialic acid blockade as an exciting new strategy to develop new therapies for patients with advanced prostate cancer. FUNDING Prostate Cancer Research and the Mark Foundation For Cancer Research, the Medical Research Council and Prostate Cancer UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Matthew Fisher
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Richard Beatson
- Centre for Inflammation and Tissue Repair, UCL Respiratory, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), Rayne 9 Building, London WC1E 6JF, UK
| | - Helen Turner
- Cellular Pathology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Karen Livermore
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Eline A Visser
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Nienke Eerden
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; GlycoTherapeutics B.V., Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Emiel Rossing
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerald Hysenaj
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rashi Krishna
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ziqian Peng
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Kyla Putri Nangkana
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Edward N Schmidt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Adam Duxfield
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK; International Centre for Life, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ella P Dennis
- International Centre for Life, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
| | - Michelle A Lawson
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Matthew Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Christian Büll
- Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard R Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Division of Clinical Medicine, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; Leicester Cancer Research Centre, Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, LE2 7LX, UK.
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
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Huang YP, Yeh CA, Ma YS, Chen PY, Lai KC, Lien JC, Hsieh WT. PW06 suppresses cancer cell metastasis in human pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells via the inhibitions of p-Akt/mTOR/NF-κB and MMP2/MMP9 signaling pathways in vitro. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:2768-2781. [PMID: 38264921 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PW06 [(E)-3-(9-ethyl-9H-carbazol-3-yl)-1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one], a kind of the carbazole derivative containing chalcone moiety, induced cell apoptosis in human pancreatic carcinoma in vitro. There is no investigation to show that PW06 inhibits cancer cell metastasis in human pancreatic carcinoma in vitro. Herein, PW06 (0.1-0.8 μM) significantly exists in the antimetastatic activities of human pancreatic carcinoma MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro. Wound healing assay shows PW06 at 0.2 μM suppressed cell mobility by 7.45 and 16.55% at 6 and 24 hours of treatments. PW06 at 0.1 and 0.2 μM reduced cell mobility by 14.72 and 21.8% for 48 hours of treatment. Transwell chamber assay indicated PW06 (0.1-0.2 μM) suppressed the cell migration (decreased 26.67-35.42%) and invasion (decreased 48.51-68.66%). Atomic force microscopy assay shows PW06 (0.2 μM) significantly changed the shape of cell morphology. The gelatin zymography assay indicates PW06 decreased MMP2's and MMP9's activities at 48 hours of treatment. Western blotting assay further confirms PW06 reduced levels of MMP2 and MMP9 and increased protein expressions of EGFR, SOS1, and Ras. PW06 also increased the p-JNK, p-ERK, and p-p38. PW06 increased the expression of PI3K, PTEN, Akt, GSK3α/β, and E-cadherin. Nevertheless, results also show PW06 decreased p-Akt, mTOR, NF-κB, p-GSK3β, β-catenin, Snail, N-cadherin, and vimentin in MIA PaCa-2 cells. The confocal laser microscopy examination shows PW06 increased E-cadherin but decreased vimentin in MIA PaCa-2 cells. Together, our findings strongly suggest that PW06 inhibited the p-Akt/mTOR/NF-κB/MMPs pathways, increased E-cadherin, and decreased N-cadherin/vimentin, suppressing the migration and invasion in MIA PaCa-2 cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Yeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shih Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, E-Da Cancer Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Life Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuang-Chi Lai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Cherng Lien
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Tsong Hsieh
- Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Melrose J. Hippo cell signaling and HS-proteoglycans regulate tissue form and function, age-dependent maturation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and repair. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C810-C828. [PMID: 38223931 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00683.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
This review examined how Hippo cell signaling and heparan sulfate (HS)-proteoglycans (HSPGs) regulate tissue form and function. Despite being a nonweight-bearing tissue, the brain is regulated by Hippo mechanoresponsive cell signaling pathways during embryonic development. HS-proteoglycans interact with growth factors, morphogens, and extracellular matrix components to regulate development and pathology. Pikachurin and Eyes shut (Eys) interact with dystroglycan to stabilize the photoreceptor axoneme primary cilium and ribbon synapse facilitating phototransduction and neurotransduction with bipolar retinal neuronal networks in ocular vision, the primary human sense. Another HSPG, Neurexin interacts with structural and adaptor proteins to stabilize synapses and ensure specificity of neural interactions, and aids in synaptic potentiation and plasticity in neurotransduction. HSPGs also stabilize the blood-brain barrier and motor neuron basal structures in the neuromuscular junction. Agrin and perlecan localize acetylcholinesterase and its receptors in the neuromuscular junction essential for neuromuscular control. The primary cilium is a mechanosensory hub on neurons, utilized by YES associated protein (YAP)-transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) Hippo, Hh, Wnt, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β/bone matrix protein (BMP) receptor tyrosine kinase cell signaling. Members of the glypican HSPG proteoglycan family interact with Smoothened and Patched G-protein coupled receptors on the cilium to regulate Hh and Wnt signaling during neuronal development. Control of glycosyl sulfotransferases and endogenous protease expression by Hippo TAZ YAP represents a mechanism whereby the fine structure of HS-proteoglycans can be potentially modulated spatiotemporally to regulate tissue morphogenesis in a similar manner to how Hippo signaling controls sialyltransferase expression and mediation of cell-cell recognition, dysfunctional sialic acid expression is a feature of many tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Pendiuk Goncalves J, Cruz Villarreal J, Walker SA, Tan XNS, Borges C, Wolfram J. High-throughput analysis of glycan sorting into extracellular vesicles. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119641. [PMID: 37996057 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-released vesicles that mediate intercellular communication by transferring bioactive cargo. Protein and RNA sorting into EVs has been extensively assessed, while selective enrichment of glycans in EVs remains less explored. In this study, a mass spectrometry-based approach, glycan node analysis (GNA), was applied to broadly assess the sorting of glycan features into EVs. Two metastatic variants (lung and bone) generated in mouse modes from the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line were assessed, as these EVs are known to contain distinct organotropic biomolecules. EVs were isolated from conditioned cell culture medium by tangential flow filtration and authenticated by standard techniques. GNA analysis revealed selective enrichment of several glycan features in EVs compared to the originating cells, particularly those associated with binding to the extracellular matrix, which was also observed in EVs from the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line (human pleural metastases). The bone-tropic variant displayed enrichment of distinct EV glycan features compared to the lung-tropic one. Additionally, the metastatic variants generated in mouse models displayed reduced EV glycan sorting compared to the parental metastatic cell line. This study represents the first comprehensive assessment of differences in glycan features between EVs and originating cells and provides evidence that the diversity of EV glycan sorting is reduced upon generation of variant cell lines in mouse models. Future research is likely to uncover novel mechanisms of EV glycan sorting, shed light on glycan features for EV authentication or biomarker purposes, and assess functional roles of the EV glycocode in (patho)physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer Pendiuk Goncalves
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Jorvani Cruz Villarreal
- School of Molecular Sciences and Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Sierra A Walker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Xuan Ning Sharon Tan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Chad Borges
- School of Molecular Sciences and Virginia G. Piper Center for Personalized Diagnostics, The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
| | - Joy Wolfram
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia; School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Orozco-Moreno M, Visser EA, Hodgson K, Hipgrave Ederveen AL, Bastian K, Goode EA, Öztürk Ö, Pijnenborg JFA, Eerden N, Moons SJ, Rossing E, Wang N, de Haan N, Büll C, Boltje TJ, Munkley J. Targeting aberrant sialylation and fucosylation in prostate cancer cells using potent metabolic inhibitors. Glycobiology 2023; 33:1155-1171. [PMID: 37847613 PMCID: PMC10876042 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer and is not just a consequence, but also a driver of a malignant phenotype. In prostate cancer, changes in fucosylated and sialylated glycans are common and this has important implications for tumor progression, metastasis, and immune evasion. Glycans hold huge translational potential and new therapies targeting tumor-associated glycans are currently being tested in clinical trials for several tumor types. Inhibitors targeting fucosylation and sialylation have been developed and show promise for cancer treatment, but translational development is hampered by safety issues related to systemic adverse effects. Recently, potent metabolic inhibitors of sialylation and fucosylation were designed that reach higher effective concentrations within the cell, thereby rendering them useful tools to study sialylation and fucosylation as potential candidates for therapeutic testing. Here, we investigated the effects of global metabolic inhibitors of fucosylation and sialylation in the context of prostate cancer progression. We find that these inhibitors effectively shut down the synthesis of sialylated and fucosylated glycans to remodel the prostate cancer glycome with only minor apparent side effects on other glycan types. Our results demonstrate that treatment with inhibitors targeting fucosylation or sialylation decreases prostate cancer cell growth and downregulates the expression of genes and proteins important in the trajectory of disease progression. We anticipate our findings will lead to the broader use of metabolic inhibitors to explore the role of fucosylated and sialylated glycans in prostate tumor pathology and may pave the way for the development of new therapies for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eline A Visser
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Agnes L Hipgrave Ederveen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kayla Bastian
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Özden Öztürk
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nienke Eerden
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- GlycoTherapeutics B.V., Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sam J Moons
- Synvenio B.V., Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel Rossing
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Medical School, Beech Hill Rd, Sheffield, Yorkshire S10 2RX, United Kingdom
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Büll
- Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J Boltje
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Central Parkway, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
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Gunjača I, Benzon B, Pleić N, Babić Leko M, Pešutić Pisac V, Barić A, Kaličanin D, Punda A, Polašek O, Vukojević K, Zemunik T. Role of ST6GAL1 in Thyroid Cancers: Insights from Tissue Analysis and Genomic Datasets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16334. [PMID: 38003522 PMCID: PMC10671354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the predominant endocrine-related malignancy. ST6 β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) has been studied in various types of cancers; however, the expression and function of ST6GAL1 in thyroid cancer has not been investigated so far. Previously, we conducted two genome-wide association studies and have identified the association of the ST6GAL1 gene with plasma thyroglobulin (Tg) levels. Since Tg levels are altered in thyroid pathologies, in the current study, we wanted to evaluate the expression of ST6GAL1 in thyroid cancer tissues. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis using human thyroid tissue from 89 patients and analyzed ST6GAL1 protein expression in papillary thyroid cancer (including follicular variant and microcarcinoma) and follicular thyroid cancer in comparison to normal thyroid tissue. Additionally, ST6GAL1 mRNA levels from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA, n = 572) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project (n = 279) were examined. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed higher ST6GAL1 protein expression in all thyroid tumors compared to normal thyroid tissue. TCGA data revealed increased ST6GAL1 mRNA levels in both primary and metastatic tumors versus controls. Notably, the follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer exhibited significantly higher ST6GAL1 mRNA levels than classic papillary thyroid cancer. High ST6GAL1 mRNA levels significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis status, clinical stage, and reduced survival rate. ST6GAL1 emerges as a potential cancer-associated glycosyltransferase in thyroid malignancies, offering valuable insights into its diagnostic and prognostic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Benjamin Benzon
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (B.B.); (K.V.)
| | - Nikolina Pleić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Valdi Pešutić Pisac
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Forensic Medicine and Cytology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ana Barić
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Dean Kaličanin
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
| | - Ante Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (A.B.); (A.P.)
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Katarina Vukojević
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (B.B.); (K.V.)
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (D.K.)
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Jastrząb P, Narejko K, Car H, Wielgat P. Cell Membrane Sialome: Sialic Acids as Therapeutic Targets and Regulators of Drug Resistance in Human Cancer Management. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5103. [PMID: 37894470 PMCID: PMC10604966 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A cellular sialome is a physiologically active and dynamically changing component of the cell membrane. Sialylation plays a crucial role in tumor progression, and alterations in cellular sialylation patterns have been described as modulators of chemotherapy effectiveness. However, the precise mechanisms through which altered sialylation contributes to drug resistance in cancer are not yet fully understood. This review focuses on the intricate interplay between sialylation and cancer treatment. It presents the role of sialic acids in modulating cell-cell interactions, the extracellular matrix (ECM), and the immunosuppressive processes within the context of cancer. The issue of drug resistance is also discussed, and the mechanisms that involve transporters, the tumor microenvironment, and metabolism are analyzed. The review explores drugs and therapeutic approaches that may induce modifications in sialylation processes with a primary focus on their impact on sialyltransferases or sialidases. Despite advancements in cellular glycobiology and glycoengineering, an interdisciplinary effort is required to decipher and comprehend the biological characteristics and consequences of altered sialylation. Additionally, understanding the modulatory role of sialoglycans in drug sensitivity is crucial to applying this knowledge in clinical practice for the benefit of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Jastrząb
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland; (P.J.); (K.N.); (H.C.)
| | - Karolina Narejko
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland; (P.J.); (K.N.); (H.C.)
| | - Halina Car
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland; (P.J.); (K.N.); (H.C.)
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Wielgat
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland; (P.J.); (K.N.); (H.C.)
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9
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Dashzeveg NK, Jia Y, Zhang Y, Gerratana L, Patel P, Shajahan A, Dandar T, Ramos EK, Almubarak HF, Adorno-Cruz V, Taftaf R, Schuster EJ, Scholten D, Sokolowski MT, Reduzzi C, El-Shennawy L, Hoffmann AD, Manai M, Zhang Q, D'Amico P, Azadi P, Colley KJ, Platanias LC, Shah AN, Gradishar WJ, Cristofanilli M, Muller WA, Cobb BA, Liu H. Dynamic Glycoprotein Hyposialylation Promotes Chemotherapy Evasion and Metastatic Seeding of Quiescent Circulating Tumor Cell Clusters in Breast Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:2050-2071. [PMID: 37272843 PMCID: PMC10481132 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Most circulating tumor cells (CTC) are detected as single cells, whereas a small proportion of CTCs in multicellular clusters with stemness properties possess 20- to 100-times higher metastatic propensity than the single cells. Here we report that CTC dynamics in both singles and clusters in response to therapies predict overall survival for breast cancer. Chemotherapy-evasive CTC clusters are relatively quiescent with a specific loss of ST6GAL1-catalyzed α2,6-sialylation in glycoproteins. Dynamic hyposialylation in CTCs or deficiency of ST6GAL1 promotes cluster formation for metastatic seeding and enables cellular quiescence to evade paclitaxel treatment in breast cancer. Glycoproteomic analysis reveals newly identified protein substrates of ST6GAL1, such as adhesion or stemness markers PODXL, ICAM1, ECE1, ALCAM1, CD97, and CD44, contributing to CTC clustering (aggregation) and metastatic seeding. As a proof of concept, neutralizing antibodies against one newly identified contributor, PODXL, inhibit CTC cluster formation and lung metastasis associated with paclitaxel treatment for triple-negative breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE This study discovers that dynamic loss of terminal sialylation in glycoproteins of CTC clusters contributes to the fate of cellular dormancy, advantageous evasion to chemotherapy, and enhanced metastatic seeding. It identifies PODXL as a glycoprotein substrate of ST6GAL1 and a candidate target to counter chemoevasion-associated metastasis of quiescent tumor cells. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 1949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurmaa K. Dashzeveg
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yuzhi Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Youbin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medicinal Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Priyam Patel
- Quantitative Data Science Core, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Asif Shajahan
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Tsogbadrakh Dandar
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Erika K. Ramos
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hannah F. Almubarak
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Valery Adorno-Cruz
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Rokana Taftaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Emma J. Schuster
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - David Scholten
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michael T. Sokolowski
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Carolina Reduzzi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Lamiaa El-Shennawy
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Andrew D. Hoffmann
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Maroua Manai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Paolo D'Amico
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
| | - Karen J. Colley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Leonidas C. Platanias
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ami N. Shah
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William J. Gradishar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - William A. Muller
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Brian A. Cobb
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Huiping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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10
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Scott E, Archer Goode E, Garnham R, Hodgson K, Orozco-Moreno M, Turner H, Livermore K, Putri Nangkana K, Frame FM, Bermudez A, Jose Garcia Marques F, McClurg UL, Wilson L, Thomas H, Buskin A, Hepburn A, Duxfield A, Bastian K, Pye H, Arredondo HM, Hysenaj G, Heavey S, Stopka-Farooqui U, Haider A, Freeman A, Singh S, Johnston EW, Punwani S, Knight B, McCullagh P, McGrath J, Crundwell M, Harries L, Heer R, Maitland NJ, Whitaker H, Pitteri S, Troyer DA, Wang N, Elliott DJ, Drake RR, Munkley J. ST6GAL1-mediated aberrant sialylation promotes prostate cancer progression. J Pathol 2023; 261:71-84. [PMID: 37550801 DOI: 10.1002/path.6152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells, and cancer-associated glycans have been detected in virtually every cancer type. A common change in tumour cell glycosylation is an increase in α2,6 sialylation of N-glycans, a modification driven by the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1. ST6GAL1 is overexpressed in numerous cancer types, and sialylated glycans are fundamental for tumour growth, metastasis, immune evasion, and drug resistance, but the role of ST6GAL1 in prostate cancer is poorly understood. Here, we analyse matched cancer and normal tissue samples from 200 patients and verify that ST6GAL1 is upregulated in prostate cancer tissue. Using MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS), we identify larger branched α2,6 sialylated N-glycans that show specificity to prostate tumour tissue. We also monitored ST6GAL1 in plasma samples from >400 patients and reveal ST6GAL1 levels are significantly increased in the blood of men with prostate cancer. Using both in vitro and in vivo studies, we demonstrate that ST6GAL1 promotes prostate tumour growth and invasion. Our findings show ST6GAL1 introduces α2,6 sialylated N-glycans on prostate cancer cells and raise the possibility that prostate cancer cells can secrete active ST6GAL1 enzyme capable of remodelling glycans on the surface of other cells. Furthermore, we find α2,6 sialylated N-glycans expressed by prostate cancer cells can be targeted using the sialyltransferase inhibitor P-3FAX -Neu5Ac. Our study identifies an important role for ST6GAL1 and α2,6 sialylated N-glycans in prostate cancer progression and highlights the opportunity to inhibit abnormal sialylation for the development of new prostate cancer therapeutics. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Scott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Emily Archer Goode
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Rebecca Garnham
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kirsty Hodgson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Margarita Orozco-Moreno
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Helen Turner
- Cellular Pathology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Karen Livermore
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kyla Putri Nangkana
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Fiona M Frame
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Abel Bermudez
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Jose Garcia Marques
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Urszula L McClurg
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura Wilson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Huw Thomas
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adriana Buskin
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anastasia Hepburn
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Adam Duxfield
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Kayla Bastian
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Hayley Pye
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hector M Arredondo
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gerald Hysenaj
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Susan Heavey
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Urszula Stopka-Farooqui
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Aiman Haider
- Department of Pathology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alex Freeman
- Department of Pathology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Saurabh Singh
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Edward W Johnston
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Shonit Punwani
- UCL Centre for Medical Imaging, Charles Bell House, University College London, London, UK
| | - Bridget Knight
- NIHR Exeter Clinical Research Facility, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Paul McCullagh
- Department of Pathology, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - John McGrath
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Malcolm Crundwell
- Exeter Surgical Health Services Research Unit, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK
| | - Lorna Harries
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Medical School, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Norman J Maitland
- Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Hayley Whitaker
- Molecular Diagnostics and Therapeutics Group, Charles Bell House, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sharon Pitteri
- Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Dean A Troyer
- Cancer Biology and Infectious Disease Research Center, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Ning Wang
- The Mellanby Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - David J Elliott
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
| | - Richard R Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University Institute of Biosciences, Newcastle, UK
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11
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Al Saoud R, Hamrouni A, Idris A, Mousa WK, Abu Izneid T. Recent advances in the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors to control cancer metastasis: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115091. [PMID: 37421784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer-associated mortalities, representing a huge health and economic burden. One of the mechanisms that enables metastasis is hypersialylation, characterized by an overabundance of sialylated glycans on the tumor surface, which leads to repulsion and detachment of cells from the original tumor. Once the tumor cells are mobilized, sialylated glycans hijack the natural killer T-cells through self-molecular mimicry and activatea downstream cascade of molecular events that result in inhibition of cytotoxicity and inflammatory responses against cancer cells, ultimately leading to immune evasion. Sialylation is mediated by a family of enzymes known as sialyltransferases (STs), which catalyse the transfer of sialic acid residue from the donor, CMP-sialic acid, onto the terminal end of an acceptor such as N-acetylgalactosamine on the cell-surface. Upregulation of STs increases tumor hypersialylation by up to 60% which is considered a distinctive hallmark of several types of cancers such as pancreatic, breast, and ovarian cancer. Therefore, inhibiting STs has emerged as a potential strategy to prevent metastasis. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the recent advances in designing novel sialyltransferase inhibitors using ligand-based drug design and high-throughput screening of natural and synthetic entities, emphasizing the most successful approaches. We analyse the limitations and challenges of designing selective, potent, and cell-permeable ST inhibitors that hindered further development of ST inhibitors into clinical trials. We conclude by analysing emerging opportunities, including advanced delivery methods which further increase the potential of these inhibitors to enrich the clinics with novel therapeutics to combat metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranim Al Saoud
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amar Hamrouni
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adi Idris
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point, QLD, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Walaa K Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tareq Abu Izneid
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Program, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, P.O. Box 112612, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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12
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Sankaranarayanan NV, Sistla S, Nagarajan B, Chittum JE, Lau JTY, Desai UR. Computational studies on glycosaminoglycan recognition of sialyl transferases. Glycobiology 2023; 33:579-590. [PMID: 37171590 PMCID: PMC10426320 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) have not been known to interact with sialyl transferases (STs). Using our in-house combinatorial virtual library screening (CVLS) technology, we studied seven human isoforms, including ST6GAL1, ST6GAL2, ST3GAL1, ST3GAL3, ST3GAL4, ST3GAL5, and ST3GAL6, and predicted that GAGs, especially heparan sulfate (HS), are likely to differentially bind to STs. Exhaustive CVLS and molecular dynamics studies suggested that the common hexasaccharide sequence of HS preferentially recognized ST6GAL1 in a site overlapping the binding site of the donor substrate CMP-Sia. Interestingly, CVLS did not ascribe any special role for the rare 3-O-sulfate modification of HS in ST6GAL1 recognition. The computational predictions were tested using spectrofluorimetric studies, which confirmed preferential recognition of HS over other GAGs. A classic chain length-dependent binding of GAGs to ST6GAL1 was observed with polymeric HS displaying a tight affinity of ~65 nM. Biophysical studies also confirmed a direct competition between CMP-Sia and an HS oligosaccharide and CS polysaccharide for binding to ST6GAL1. Overall, our novel observation that GAGs bind to ST6GAL1 with high affinity and compete with the donor substrate is likely to be important because modulation of sialylation of glycan substrates on cells has considerable physiological/pathological consequences. Our work also brings forth the possibility of developing GAG-based chemical probes of ST6GAL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehru Viji Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia 23298, Richmond, USA
- Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute for Structural Biology, Virginia 23219, Richmond, USA
| | - Srinivas Sistla
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia 23298, Richmond, USA
- Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute for Structural Biology, Virginia 23219, Richmond, USA
| | - Balaji Nagarajan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia 23298, Richmond, USA
- Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute for Structural Biology, Virginia 23219, Richmond, USA
| | - John E Chittum
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia 23298, Richmond, USA
- Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute for Structural Biology, Virginia 23219, Richmond, USA
| | - Joseph T Y Lau
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo 14263, NY, USA
| | - Umesh R Desai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia 23298, Richmond, USA
- Drug Discovery and Development, Virginia Commonwealth University, Institute for Structural Biology, Virginia 23219, Richmond, USA
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13
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van Spronsen MF, Horrevorts S, Cali C, Westers TM, Van Gassen S, Saeys Y, van Vliet SJ, van Kooyk Y, van de Loosdrecht AA. Dysregulation of developmental and cell type-specific expression of glycoconjugates on hematopoietic cells: a new characteristic of myelodysplastic neoplasms (MDS). Leukemia 2023; 37:702-707. [PMID: 36759685 PMCID: PMC9991906 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Margot F van Spronsen
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Departement of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sophie Horrevorts
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Cali
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Departement of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theresia M Westers
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Departement of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sofie Van Gassen
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yvan Saeys
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arjan A van de Loosdrecht
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Departement of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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14
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Xu X, Wu Y, Jia G, Zhu Q, Li D, Xie K. A signature based on glycosyltransferase genes provides a promising tool for the prediction of prognosis and immunotherapy responsiveness in ovarian cancer. J Ovarian Res 2023; 16:5. [PMID: 36611197 PMCID: PMC9826597 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-01088-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most fatal gynaecological malignancy and has a poor prognosis. Glycosylation, the biosynthetic process that depends on specific glycosyltransferases (GTs), has recently attracted increasing importance due to the vital role it plays in cancer. In this study, we aimed to determine whether OC patients could be stratified by glycosyltransferase gene profiles to better predict the prognosis and efficiency of immune checkpoint blockade therapies (ICBs). METHODS We retrieved transcriptome data across 420 OC and 88 normal tissue samples using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases, respectively. An external validation dataset containing 185 OC samples was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Knockdown and pathway prediction of B4GALT5 were conducted to investigate the function and mechanism of B4GALT5 in OC proliferation, migration and invasion. RESULTS A total of 50 differentially expressed GT genes were identified between OC and normal ovarian tissues. Two clusters were stratified by operating consensus clustering, but no significant prognostic value was observed. By applying the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression method, a 6-gene signature was built that classified OC patients in the TCGA cohort into a low- or high-risk group. Patients with high scores had a worse prognosis than those with low scores. This risk signature was further validated in an external GEO dataset. Furthermore, the risk score was an independent risk predictor, and a nomogram was created to improve the accuracy of prognostic classification. Notably, the low-risk OC patients exhibited a higher degree of antitumor immune cell infiltration and a superior response to ICBs. B4GALT5, one of six hub genes, was identified as a regulator of proliferation, migration and invasion in OC. CONCLUSION Taken together, we established a reliable GT-gene-based signature to predict prognosis, immune status and identify OC patients who would benefit from ICBs. GT genes might be a promising biomarker for OC progression and a potential therapeutic target for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyao Xu
- grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China
| | - Yue Wu
- grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China
| | - Genmei Jia
- grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China
| | - Qiaoying Zhu
- grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China
| | - Dake Li
- grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China
| | - Kaipeng Xie
- grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Women Health Care, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China ,grid.459791.70000 0004 1757 7869Department of Public Health, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210004 China
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15
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Chandel S, Joon A, Kaur S, Ghosh S. Role of ST6GAL1 and ST6GAL2 in subversion of cellular signaling during enteroaggregative Escherichia coli infection of human intestinal epithelial cell lines. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1405-1420. [PMID: 36646912 PMCID: PMC9843105 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence have suggested that aberrant sialylation on cell-surface carbohydrate architecture may influence host-pathogen interactions. The α2,6-sialyltransferase (ST) enzymes were found to alter the glycosylation pattern of the pathogen-infected host cell-surface proteins, which could facilitate its invasion. In this study, we assessed the role of specific α2,6-ST enzymes in the regulation of enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC)-induced cell signaling pathways in human intestinal epithelial cells. EAEC-induced expression of α2,6-ST family genes in HCT-15 and INT-407 cell lines was assessed at mRNA level by qRT-PCR. Specific esi-RNA was used to silence the target ST-gene in each of the EAEC-infected cell type. Subsequently, the role of these enzymes in regulation of EAEC-induced cell signaling pathways was unraveled by analyzing the expression of MAPkinases (ERK1/2, p38, JNK) and transcription factors (NFκB, cJun, cFos, STAT) at mRNA and protein levels by qRT-PCR and western immunoblotting, respectively, expression of selected sialoglycoproteins by western immunoblotting along with the secretory IL-8 response using sandwich ELISA. ST6GAL-1 and ST6GAL-2 were efficiently silenced in EAEC-infected HCT-15 and INT-407 cells, respectively. Significant reduction in EAEC-induced activation of MAPKs, transcription factors, sialoglycoproteins, and IL-8 secretion was noted in ST-silenced cells in comparison to the respective control cells. We propose that ST6GAL-1 and ST6GAL-2 are quintessential for EAEC-induced stimulation of MAPK-mediated pathways, resulting in activation of transcription factors, leading to an inflammatory response in the human intestinal epithelial cells. Our study may be helpful to design better therapeutic strategies to control EAEC- infection. KEY POINTS: • EAEC induces α2,6-sialyltransferase (ST) upregulation in intestinal epithelial cells • Target STs (ST6GAL-1 & ST6GAL-2) were efficiently silenced using specific esiRNAs • Expression of MAPKs, transcription factors & IL-8 was reduced in ST silenced cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Chandel
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Archana Joon
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Simarpreet Kaur
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Sujata Ghosh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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16
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Nag S, Mandal A, Joshi A, Jain N, Srivastava RS, Singh S, Khattri A. Sialyltransferases and Neuraminidases: Potential Targets for Cancer Treatment. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10040114. [PMID: 36547200 PMCID: PMC9777960 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10040114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are the leading cause of death, causing around 10 million deaths annually by 2020. The most common cancers are those affecting the breast, lungs, colon, and rectum. However, it has been noted that cancer metastasis is more lethal than just cancer incidence and accounts for more than 90% of cancer deaths. Thus, early detection and prevention of cancer metastasis have the capability to save millions of lives. Finding novel biomarkers and targets for screening, determination of prognosis, targeted therapies, etc., are ways of doing so. In this review, we propose various sialyltransferases and neuraminidases as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of the most common cancers, along with a few rare ones, on the basis of existing experimental and in silico data. This compilation of available cancer studies aiming at sialyltransferases and neuraminidases will serve as a guide for scientists and researchers working on possible targets for various cancers and will also provide data about the existing drugs which inhibit the action of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagorika Nag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Abhimanyu Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Aryaman Joshi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Neeraj Jain
- Division of Cancer Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ravi Shanker Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, Career Institute of Medical Sciences & Hospital, Lucknow 226020, India
| | - Sanjay Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Arun Khattri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-70-6811-1755
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17
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Kimawaha P, Thanan R, Jusakul A, Jamnongkan W, Silsirivanit A, Sa-Ngaimwibool P, Titapun A, Khuntikeo N, Sithithaworn P, Worasith C, Janthamala S, Lebrilla CB, Techasen A. Serum α2,6-sialylated glycoform of serotransferrin as a glycobiomarker for diagnosis and prediction of clinical severity in cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 536:142-154. [PMID: 36174722 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycoprotein sialylation changes are associated with severe development of various cancers. We previously discovered the sialylation of serotransferrin (TF) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) using glycoproteomics approach. However, a simple and reliable method for validating sialylation of a specific glycobiomarker is urgently needed. METHODS We identified the altered glycosylation in CCA tissues by glycoproteomics approach using mass spectrometry. An enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA) was developed for determining the serum levels of sialylated TF in CCA, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and healthy controls in training and validation cohorts. RESULTS The nine highly sialylated glycoforms of TF were markedly abundant in CCA tumor tissues than in control. Serum SNA-TF and MAL1-TF were significantly higher in CCA patients. Under receiver operating characteristic curve, serum SNA-TF concentrations significantly differentiated CCA from healthy control. Higher SNA-TF were significantly correlated with severe tumor stages and lymph node metastasis. The combined SNA-TF, MAL1-TF, and CA19-9 as a novel glycobiomarkers panel demonstrated the highest specificity (96.2%) for distinguishing CCA from HCC patients. In CCA patients with low CA19-9 levels, SNA-TF in combination with CA19-9 achieved in 97% diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Sialylated serotransferrin glycoforms could be used as a novel glycobiomarker for diagnosis and prediction of clinical severity in CCA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phongsaran Kimawaha
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Raynoo Thanan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Apinya Jusakul
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Sciences, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Wassana Jamnongkan
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Prakasit Sa-Ngaimwibool
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Attapol Titapun
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Narong Khuntikeo
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chanika Worasith
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Sutthiwan Janthamala
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Anchalee Techasen
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
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18
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Wen R, Zhao H, Zhang D, Chiu CL, Brooks JD. Sialylated glycoproteins as biomarkers and drivers of progression in prostate cancer. Carbohydr Res 2022; 519:108598. [PMID: 35691122 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2022.108598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids have been implicated in cancer initiation, progression, and immune evasion in diverse human malignancies. Sialylation of terminal glycans on cell surface and secreted glycoproteins is a long-recognized feature of cancer cells. Recently, immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy has tremendously improved the outcomes of patients with various cancers. However, available immunotherapy approaches have had limited efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Sialic acid modified glycoproteins in prostate cancers and their interaction with Siglec receptors on tumor infiltrating immune cells might underlie immunosuppressive signaling in prostate cancer. Here, we summarize the function of sialic acids and relevant glycosynthetic enzymes in cancer initiation and progression. We also discuss the possible uses of sialic acids as biomarkers in prostate cancer and the potential methods for targeting Siglec-sialic acid interactions for prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru Wen
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Hongjuan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dalin Zhang
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Chun-Lung Chiu
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - James D Brooks
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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19
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GC S, Bellis SL, Hjelmeland AB. ST6Gal1: Oncogenic signaling pathways and targets. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:962908. [PMID: 36106023 PMCID: PMC9465715 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.962908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Golgi-sialyltransferase ST6Gal1 (βgalactosidase α2,6 sialyltransferase 1), adds the negatively charged sugar, sialic acid, to the terminal galactose of N-glycosylated proteins. Upregulation of ST6Gal1 is observed in many malignancies, and a large body of research has determined that ST6Gal1-mediated α2,6 sialylation impacts cancer hallmarks. ST6Gal1 affects oncogenic behaviors including sustained proliferation, enhanced self-renewal, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, invasion, and chemoresistance. However, there are relatively few ST6GaL1 related signaling pathways that are well-established to mediate these biologies: greater delineation of specific targets and signaling mechanisms that are orchestrated by ST6Gal1 is needed. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of our current understanding of select oncogenic signaling pathways and targets affected by ST6Gal1.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita B. Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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20
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Zhang M, Qi T, Yang L, Kolarich D, Heisterkamp N. Multi-Faceted Effects of ST6Gal1 Expression on Precursor B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:828041. [PMID: 35371997 PMCID: PMC8967368 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.828041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal early human B-cell development from lymphoid progenitors in the bone marrow depends on instructions from elements in that microenvironment that include stromal cells and factors secreted by these cells including the extracellular matrix. Glycosylation is thought to play a key role in such interactions. The sialyltransferase ST6Gal1, with high expression in specific hematopoietic cell types, is the only enzyme thought to catalyze the terminal addition of sialic acids in an α2-6-linkage to galactose on N-glycans in such cells. Expression of ST6Gal1 increases as B cells undergo normal B-lineage differentiation. B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemias (BCP-ALLs) with differentiation arrest at various stages of early B-cell development have widely different expression levels of ST6GAL1 at diagnosis, with high ST6Gal1 in some but not in other relapses. We analyzed the consequences of increasing ST6Gal1 expression in a diagnosis sample using lentiviral transduction. NSG mice transplanted with these BCP-ALL cells were monitored for survival. Compared to mice transplanted with leukemia cells expressing original ST6Gal1 levels, increased ST6Gal1 expression was associated with significantly reduced survival. A cohort of mice was also treated for 7 weeks with vincristine chemotherapy to induce remission and then allowed to relapse. Upon vincristine discontinuation, relapse was detected in both groups, but mice transplanted with ST6Gal1 overexpressing BCP-ALL cells had an increased leukemia burden and shorter survival than controls. The BCP-ALL cells with higher ST6Gal1 were more resistant to long-term vincristine treatment in an ex vivo tissue co-culture model with OP9 bone marrow stromal cells. Gene expression analysis using RNA-seq showed a surprisingly large number of genes with significantly differential expression, of which approximately 60% increased mRNAs, in the ST6Gal1 overexpressing BCP-ALL cells. Pathways significantly downregulated included those involved in immune cell migration. However, ST6Gal1 knockdown cells also showed increased insensitivity to chemotherapy. Our combined results point to a context-dependent effect of ST6Gal1 expression on BCP-ALL cells, which is discussed within the framework of its activity as an enzyme with many N-linked glycoprotein substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Tong Qi
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Daniel Kolarich
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Nora Heisterkamp
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Duarte, CA, United States
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21
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Rao TC, Beggs RR, Ankenbauer KE, Hwang J, Ma VPY, Salaita K, Bellis SL, Mattheyses AL. ST6Gal-I-mediated sialylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor modulates cell mechanics and enhances invasion. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101726. [PMID: 35157848 PMCID: PMC8956946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity within the glycocalyx influences cell adhesion mechanics and signaling. However, the role of specific glycosylation subtypes in influencing cell mechanics via alterations of receptor function remains unexplored. It has been shown that the addition of sialic acid to terminal glycans impacts growth, development, and cancer progression. In addition, the sialyltransferase ST6Gal-I promotes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity, and we have shown EGFR is an 'allosteric mechano-organizer' of integrin tension. Here, we investigated the impact of ST6Gal-I on cell mechanics. Using DNA-based tension gauge tether probes of variable thresholds, we found that high ST6Gal-I activity promotes increased integrin forces and spreading in Cos-7 and OVCAR3, OVCAR5, and OV4 cancer cells. Further, employing inhibitors and function-blocking antibodies against β1, β3, and β5 integrins and ST6Gal-I targets EGFR, tumor necrosis factor receptor, and Fas cell surface death receptor, we validated that the observed phenotypes are EGFR-specific. We found that while tension, contractility, and adhesion are extracellular-signal-regulated kinase pathway-dependent, spreading, proliferation, and invasion are phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt serine/threonine kinase dependent. Using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, we also show that high ST6Gal-I activity leads to sustained EGFR membrane retention, making it a key regulator of cell mechanics. Our findings suggest a novel sialylation-dependent mechanism orchestrating cellular mechanics and enhancing cell motility via EGFR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejeshwar C Rao
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Reena R Beggs
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Katherine E Ankenbauer
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Khalid Salaita
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Alexa L Mattheyses
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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22
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Pleić N, Babić Leko M, Gunjača I, Boutin T, Torlak V, Matana A, Punda A, Polašek O, Hayward C, Zemunik T. Genome-Wide Association Analysis and Genomic Prediction of Thyroglobulin Plasma Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042173. [PMID: 35216288 PMCID: PMC8876738 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thyroglobulin (Tg) is an iodoglycoprotein produced by thyroid follicular cells which acts as an essential substrate for thyroid hormone synthesis. To date, only one genome-wide association study (GWAS) of plasma Tg levels has been performed by our research group. Utilizing recent advancements in computation and modeling, we apply a Bayesian approach to the probabilistic inference of the genetic architecture of Tg. We fitted a Bayesian sparse linear mixed model (BSLMM) and a frequentist linear mixed model (LMM) of 7,289,083 variants in 1096 healthy European-ancestry participants of the Croatian Biobank. Meta-analysis with two independent cohorts (total n = 2109) identified 83 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ST6GAL1 gene (p<5×10-8). BSLMM revealed additional association signals on chromosomes 1, 8, 10, and 14. For ST6GAL1 and the newly uncovered genes, we provide physiological and pathophysiological explanations of how their expression could be associated with variations in plasma Tg levels. We found that the SNP-heritability of Tg is 17% and that 52% of this variation is due to a small number of 16 variants that have a major effect on Tg levels. Our results suggest that the genetic architecture of plasma Tg is not polygenic, but influenced by a few genes with major effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Pleić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Mirjana Babić Leko
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ivana Gunjača
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Thibaud Boutin
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (T.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Vesela Torlak
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (V.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Antonela Matana
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ante Punda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia; (V.T.); (A.P.)
| | - Ozren Polašek
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Caroline Hayward
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (T.B.); (C.H.)
| | - Tatijana Zemunik
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia; (N.P.); (M.B.L.); (I.G.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-2155-7888
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23
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Bao Y, Cui J, Yue Y, Cao S, Li X, Liu L. ERBB3 binding protein 1 promotes the progression of malignant melanoma through activation of the Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:44. [PMID: 35093077 PMCID: PMC8800265 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malignant melanoma (MM) is highly metastatic and has the highest mortality rate in patients with skin cancer. The ERBB3 binding protein 1 (Ebp1) has been linked to the onset and progression of a number of malignancies. However, the role of Ebp1 in MM has not yet been reported. Methods Multiple databases were analyzed for comparing the expression of Ebp1 in normal skin and MM. Ebp1 expression was knocked down in A375 and B16 cells, and the impact of Ebp1 on the cell growth was tested by CCK-8, plate clone colony, and cell cycle assays. Scratch, transwell, and in vivo caudal vein lung metastasis tests were also used to confirm the effects of Ebp1 on melanoma cells migration, invasion, and metastasis. Furthermore, the possible molecular mechanism of Ebp1 was predicted by set enrichment analysis and verified by western blotting. Results Ebp1 expression was substantially higher in MM than it was in normal skin, and Ebp1 was linked to the clinical stage and lymph node metastases of patients with MM. Knockdown of Ebp1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In vivo experiments further verified that the knockdown of Ebp1 had an obvious inhibitory effect on lung metastasis in nude mice. Knockdown of Ebp1 reduced vimentin, N-cadherin, slug, and snail expression while increasing E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, knockdown of Ebp1 reduced the expression of β-catenin, as well as its downstream targets CyclinD1 and p-GSK3β; however, a Wnt/β-catenin agonist could reverse this effect. Conclusion Ebp1 may promote the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma cells through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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24
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Hugonnet M, Singh P, Haas Q, von Gunten S. The Distinct Roles of Sialyltransferases in Cancer Biology and Onco-Immunology. Front Immunol 2021; 12:799861. [PMID: 34975914 PMCID: PMC8718907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.799861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a key feature of malignant transformation. Hypersialylation, the enhanced expression of sialic acid-terminated glycoconjugates on the cell surface, has been linked to immune evasion and metastatic spread, eventually by interaction with sialoglycan-binding lectins, including Siglecs and selectins. The biosynthesis of tumor-associated sialoglycans involves sialyltransferases, which are differentially expressed in cancer cells. In this review article, we provide an overview of the twenty human sialyltransferases and their roles in cancer biology and immunity. A better understanding of the individual contribution of select sialyltransferases to the tumor sialome may lead to more personalized strategies for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjolaine Hugonnet
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pushpita Singh
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Quentin Haas
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Stephan von Gunten
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine (BCPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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25
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Huang Y, Wang T. Pectin Oligosaccharides Enhance α2,6-Sialylation Modification that Promotes Apoptosis of Bladder Cancer Cells by Targeting the Hedgehog Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2021; 79:719-728. [PMID: 34041669 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-021-00996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although pectin oligosaccharide (POS) can inhibit the growth and proliferation of gastric, colon, prostate, breast, melanoma, and leukemia cells, its effect on bladder cancer remains unknown. Therefore, screening and identification of factors associated with the sensitivity of bladder cancer to drugs and elucidation of their molecular mechanisms will help provide a theoretical basis for establishing postoperative systemic chemotherapy for patients with bladder cancer. We showed that POS promoted the apoptosis of bladder cancer cells, and this finding was consistent with enhanced α2,6-sialylation post-modification. Moreover, POS activated the Hedgehog pathway, the inhibition of which regulated the tumorigenicity of bladder cancer cells in vivo. These findings were consistent with our results in vitro. We conclude that POS promotes the apoptosis of bladder cancer and offers new insights and evidence for the development of individualized treatment strategies. Schema of molecular events underlying POS-induced inhibition of bladder cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinpeng Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Physical Examination Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121000, China.
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Glycation Interferes with the Expression of Sialyltransferases in Meningiomas. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123298. [PMID: 34943806 PMCID: PMC8699175 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are the most common non-malignant intracranial tumors and prefer, like most tumors, anaerobic glycolysis for energy production (Warburg effect). This anaerobic glycolysis leads to an increased synthesis of the metabolite methylglyoxal (MGO) or glyoxal (GO), which is known to react with amino groups of proteins. This reaction is called glycation, thereby building advanced glycation end products (AGEs). In this study, we investigated the influence of glycation on sialylation in two meningioma cell lines, representing the WHO grade I (BEN-MEN-1) and the WHO grade III (IOMM-Lee). In the benign meningioma cell line, glycation led to differences in expression of sialyltransferases (ST3GAL1/2/3/5/6, ST6GAL1/2, ST6GALNAC2/6, and ST8SIA1/2), which are known to play a role in tumor progression. We could show that glycation of BEN-MEN-1 cells led to decreased expression of ST3Gal5. This resulted in decreased synthesis of the ganglioside GM3, the product of ST3Gal5. In the malignant meningioma cell line, we observed changes in expression of sialyltransferases (ST3GAL1/2/3, ST6GALNAC5, and ST8SIA1) after glycation, which correlates with less aggressive behavior.
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Wang L, Chen X, Wang L, Wang S, Li W, Liu Y, Zhang J. Knockdown of ST6Gal-I expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells inhibits their exosome-mediated proliferation- and migration-promoting effects. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1378-1391. [PMID: 34559939 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal sialylation is a distinctive feature of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is closely related to its malignant properties. Exosomes have characteristic protein and lipid composition; however, the results concerning glycoprotein composition and glycosylation are scarce. In this study, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified multiple microvesicle-related sialylated proteins including CD63, a classic marker of exosomes. The silencing of α2,6-sialyltransferase I (ST6Gal-I) significantly reduced the levels of α2,6-sialylated glycoconjugates on CD63 and the surface of HCC-derived exosomes (HCC-exo). And surface glycoconjugates play important roles in exosomes biogenesis and in their interaction with other cells. Compared to exosomes derived from naive HCC cells, α2,6-sialylation degradation abolished both the proliferation-promoting and migration-promoting effects of HCC-exo. Further analysis revealed that the Akt/GSK-3β or JNK1/2 signaling mediates HCC-exo-mediated proliferation in HCC cells, while ST6Gal-I silencing deactivated this pathway. These findings suggest that a loss of α2,6-sialylation decreases HCC progression through the loss of cancer cell-derived exosomes; furthermore, it opens novel perspectives to further explore the functional role of glycans in the biology of exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenli Li
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
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Capik O, Sanli F, Kurt A, Ceylan O, Suer I, Kaya M, Ittmann M, Karatas OF. CASC11 promotes aggressiveness of prostate cancer cells through miR-145/IGF1R axis. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2021; 24:891-902. [PMID: 33753875 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-021-00353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy diagnosed among men after lung cancer in developed countries. Investigation of the underlying molecular mechanisms of PCa is urgently needed in order to develop better therapeutic strategies and to reveal more effective therapeutic targets. In this study, we aimed at exploring the potential functions of CASC11 in association with miR-145 and IGF1R during the malignant progression of PCa cells. METHODS We initially investigated the oncogenic potential of noncoding members of CASC gene family and analyzed the effects of CASC11 overexpression on proliferation, migration, and colony formation ability of DU145, LNCaP, and PC3 PCa cells. We, then, exprlored the association of CASC11, miR-145, and IGF1R expression and their impacts on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in in vitro models. RESULTS In silico analysis revealed that of the CASC family only CASC11 showed consistent results considering its differential expression as well as its association with the overall survival of patients. We demonstrated that ectopic overexpression of CASC11 significantly increased the proliferation, colony formation, and migration capacity in all three cell lines. CASC11 overexpression caused suppression of miR-145 and overexpression of IGF1R, leading to activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. CONCLUSION In summary, we found that CASC11 is upregulated in PCa cells and clinical tumor samples in comparison to corresponding controls and revealed that ectopic CASC11 overexpression promotes cellular phenotypes associated with PCa progression through CASC11/miR-145/IGF1R axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozel Capik
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatma Sanli
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.,Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Kurt
- Department of Pathology, Erzurum Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Onur Ceylan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Suer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Murat Kaya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Michael Ittmann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Michael E. DeBakey VAMC, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Omer Faruk Karatas
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey. .,Molecular Cancer Biology Laboratory, High Technology Application and Research Center, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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29
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Krick S, Helton ES, Easter M, Bollenbecker S, Denson R, Zaharias R, Cochran P, Vang S, Harris E, Wells JM, Barnes JW. ST6GAL1 and α2-6 Sialylation Regulates IL-6 Expression and Secretion in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Front Immunol 2021; 12:693149. [PMID: 34290711 PMCID: PMC8287524 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.693149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a systemic disease strongly associated with cigarette smoking, airway inflammation, and acute disease exacerbations. Changes in terminal sialylation and fucosylation of asparagine (N)-linked glycans have been documented in COPD, but the role that glycosyltransferases may play in the regulation of N-linked glycans in COPD has not been fully elucidated. Recent studies suggest that modulation of ST6GAL1 (ST6 beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase-1), which catalyzes terminal α2-6 sialylation of cellular proteins, may regulate inflammation and contribute to COPD phenotype(s). Interestingly, it has been previously demonstrated that ST6GAL1, a Golgi resident protein, can be proteolytically processed by BACE1 (beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1) to a circulating form that retains activity. In this study, we showed that loss of ST6GAL1 expression increased interleukin (IL)-6 expression and secretion in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs). Furthermore, exposure to cigarette smoke medium/extract (CSE) or BACE1 inhibition resulted in decreased ST6GAL1 secretion, reduced α2-6 sialylation, and increased IL-6 production in HBECs. Analysis of plasma ST6GAL1 levels in a small COPD patient cohort demonstrated an inverse association with prospective acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD), while IL-6 was positively associated. Altogether, these results suggest that reduced ST6GAL1 and α2-6 sialylation augments IL-6 expression/secretion in HBECs and is associated with poor clinical outcomes in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Krick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - E. Scott Helton
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Molly Easter
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Seth Bollenbecker
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rebecca Denson
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Rennan Zaharias
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Phillip Cochran
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Shia Vang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Elex Harris
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - James M. Wells
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- UAB Lung Health Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jarrod W. Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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30
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Chen X, Wang L, Yu X, Wang S, Zhang J. Caveolin-1 facilitates cell migration by upregulating nuclear receptor 4A2/retinoid X receptor α-mediated β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase I expression in human hepatocarcinoma cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 137:106027. [PMID: 34157397 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that caveolin-1 (Cav-1) acts as a tumor promoter in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous studies showed that Cav-1 promoted mouse hepatocarcinoma cell adhesion to fibronectin by upregulating β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase I (ST6Gal-I) expression. However, the detailed mechanism by which Cav-1 regulates ST6Gal-I is not fully understood. In this study, we found that the expression levels of Cav-1 and ST6Gal-I were increased in HCC tissues and correlated with poor prognosis. Cav-1 upregulated ST6Gal-I expression to promote the migration and invasion of HCC cells by inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Importantly, the binding of the transcription factor nuclear receptor 4A2/retinoid X receptor alpha (NR4A2/RXRα) to the -550/-200 region of the ST6GAL1 promoter was critical for Cav-1-induced ST6GAL1 gene expression. Furthermore, Cav-1 expression activated the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway, followed by upregulation of NR4A2 expression and phosphorylation of RXRα, which facilitated the complex of NR4A2 and phosphorylated RXRα forming and binding to the ST6GAL1 promoter region to induce its transcription. Finally, in the diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC murine model, the expression levels of NR4A2, p-RXRα, ST6Gal-I, and α2,6-linked sialic acid decreased in parallel in Cav-1-/- mice compared with Cav-1+/+ mice, which was consistent with the above in vitro results. These findings provide insight into the mechanism of ST6GAL1 gene transcription mediated by Cav-1, which may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting metastasis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Chen
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, China.
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Mrudulakumari Vasudevan U, Lee OK, Lee EY. Alginate derived functional oligosaccharides: Recent developments, barriers, and future outlooks. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 267:118158. [PMID: 34119132 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alginate is a biopolymer used extensively in the food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) derived from alginate exhibit superior biological activities and therapeutic potential. Alginate lyases with characteristic substrate specificity can facilitate the production of a broad array of AOS with precise structure and functionality. By adopting innovative analytical tools in conjunction with focused clinical studies, the structure-bioactivity relationship of a number of AOS has been brought to light. This review covers fundamental aspects and recent developments in AOS research. Enzymatic and microbial processes involved in AOS production from brown algae and sequential steps involved in AOS structure elucidation are outlined. Biological mechanisms underlying the health benefits of AOS and their potential industrial and therapeutic applications are elaborated. Withal, various challenges in AOS research are traced out, and future directions, specifically on recombinant systems for AOS preparation, are delineated to further widen the horizon of these exceptional oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasree Mrudulakumari Vasudevan
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok Kyung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeol Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated Engineering), Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 17104, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Aberrant Sialylation in Cancer: Biomarker and Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092014. [PMID: 33921986 PMCID: PMC8122436 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Sialylation is a post-translational modification that consists in the addition of sialic acid to growing glycan chains on glycoproteins and glycolipids. Aberrant sialylation is an established hallmark of several types of cancer, including breast, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, colorectal and lung cancers, melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hypersialylation can be the effect of increased activity of sialyltransferases and results in an excess of negatively charged sialic acid on the surface of cancer cells. Sialic acid accumulation contributes to tumor progression by several paths, including stimulation of tumor invasion and migration, and enhancing immune evasion and tumor cell survival. In this review we explore the mechanisms by which sialyltransferases promote cancer progression. In addition, we provide insights into the possible use of sialyltransferases as biomarkers for cancer and summarize findings on the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors as potential anti-cancer treatments. Abstract Sialylation is an integral part of cellular function, governing many biological processes including cellular recognition, adhesion, molecular trafficking, signal transduction and endocytosis. Sialylation is controlled by the levels and the activities of sialyltransferases on glycoproteins and lipids. Altered gene expression of these enzymes in cancer yields to cancer-specific alterations of glycoprotein sialylation. Mounting evidence indicate that hypersialylation is closely associated with cancer progression and metastatic spread, and can be of prognostic significance in human cancer. Aberrant sialylation is not only a result of cancer, but also a driver of malignant phenotype, directly impacting key processes such as tumor cell dissociation and invasion, cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, angiogenesis, resistance to apoptosis, and evasion of immune destruction. In this review we provide insights on the impact of sialylation in tumor progression, and outline the possible application of sialyltransferases as cancer biomarkers. We also summarize the most promising findings on the development of sialyltransferase inhibitors as potential anti-cancer treatments.
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33
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Wang T, Sun Y, Xiong Z, Wu J, Ding X, Guo X, Shao Y. Association of ST6GAL1 and CYP19A1 polymorphisms in the 3'-UTR with astrocytoma risk and prognosis in a Chinese Han population. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:391. [PMID: 33836687 PMCID: PMC8034180 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08110-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Astrocytoma is a common type of central nervous system tumor. In this study, we investigated the correlation between ST6GAL1 and CYP19A1 polymorphisms and the risk and prognosis of astrocytoma. Methods A total of 365 astrocytoma patients and 379 healthy controls were genotyped using the Agena MassARRAY system. The correlation between ST6GAL1 and CYP19A1 variants and astrocytoma risk was calculated using logistic regression. The survival rate of patients with astrocytoma was analyzed to evaluate prognosis. Results We found that the ST6GAL1-rs2239611 significantly decreased the risk of astrocytoma in the codominant model (p = 0.044) and dominant model (p = 0.049). In stratified analyses, CYP19A1-rs2255192 might be associated with a higher risk of astrocytoma among the low-grade subgroup under recessive (p = 0.034) and additive (p = 0.030) models. However, CYP19A1-rs4646 had a risk-decreasing effect on the high-grade subgroup in the codominant model (p = 0.044). The results of Cox regression analysis showed that the CYP19A1-rs2239611 and -rs1042757 polymorphisms were significantly correlated with the prognosis of astrocytoma. Conclusion Our results suggest that ST6GAL1 and CYP19A1 genes may be a potential biomarker of genetic susceptibility and prognosis to astrocytoma in the Chinese Han population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08110-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Zichao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaoying Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Xiaoye Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 YanTa West Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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34
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Samaržija I. Post-Translational Modifications That Drive Prostate Cancer Progression. Biomolecules 2021; 11:247. [PMID: 33572160 PMCID: PMC7915076 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
While a protein primary structure is determined by genetic code, its specific functional form is mostly achieved in a dynamic interplay that includes actions of many enzymes involved in post-translational modifications. This versatile repertoire is widely used by cells to direct their response to external stimuli, regulate transcription and protein localization and to keep proteostasis. Herein, post-translational modifications with evident potency to drive prostate cancer are explored. A comprehensive list of proteome-wide and single protein post-translational modifications and their involvement in phenotypic outcomes is presented. Specifically, the data on phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, and lipidation in prostate cancer and the enzymes involved are collected. This type of knowledge is especially valuable in cases when cancer cells do not differ in the expression or mutational status of a protein, but its differential activity is regulated on the level of post-translational modifications. Since their driving roles in prostate cancer, post-translational modifications are widely studied in attempts to advance prostate cancer treatment. Current strategies that exploit the potential of post-translational modifications in prostate cancer therapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Samaržija
- Laboratory for Epigenomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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35
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Dorsett KA, Marciel MP, Hwang J, Ankenbauer KE, Bhalerao N, Bellis SL. Regulation of ST6GAL1 sialyltransferase expression in cancer cells. Glycobiology 2020; 31:530-539. [PMID: 33320246 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The ST6GAL1 sialyltransferase, which adds α2-6 linked sialic acids to N-glycosylated proteins, is overexpressed in a wide range of human malignancies. Recent studies have established the importance of ST6GAL1 in promoting tumor cell behaviors such as invasion, resistance to cell stress and chemoresistance. Furthermore, ST6GAL1 activity has been implicated in imparting cancer stem cell characteristics. However, despite the burgeoning interest in the role of ST6GAL1 in the phenotypic features of tumor cells, insufficient attention has been paid to the molecular mechanisms responsible for ST6GAL1 upregulation during neoplastic transformation. Evidence suggests that these mechanisms are multifactorial, encompassing genetic, epigenetic, transcriptional and posttranslational regulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize current knowledge regarding the molecular events that drive enriched ST6GAL1 expression in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn A Dorsett
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Michael P Marciel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Katherine E Ankenbauer
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Nikita Bhalerao
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Susan L Bellis
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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36
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Hanzawa K, Tanaka-Okamoto M, Murakami H, Mukai M, Takahashi H, Omori T, Ikezawa K, Ohkawa K, Ohue M, Miyamoto Y. Investigation of acidic free-glycans in urine and their alteration in cancer. Glycobiology 2020; 31:391-409. [PMID: 33135073 PMCID: PMC8091460 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations to glycans in cancer patients have been used to identify novel tumor biomarkers. Most of these studies have focused on protein glycosylation but less attention has been paid to free-glycans. Here, we analyzed acidic free-glycans in the urine of cancer patients to identify novel tumor marker candidates. Specifically, urine samples were collected from patients with gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer and cholangiocarcinoma as well as normal controls. The free-glycans were extracted from creatinine-adjusted urine and fluorescently labeled with 2-aminopyridine. Initially, we performed profiling of urinary free-glycans by high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry with enzymatic and chemical degradation. More than 100 glycans, including novel structures, were identified. The chromatographic peaks suggested some of these glycans were present at elevated levels in cancer patients. To verify cancer-associated alterations, we compared the glycan levels between cancer patients and normal controls by selected reaction monitoring. Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/−Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans. Our results provide further insight into urinary free-glycans and suggest the potential utility of these compounds as tumor markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Hanzawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Miki Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hiroko Murakami
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Mikio Mukai
- Department of Medical Checkup, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Kenji Ikezawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Ohkawa
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69 Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
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Huang X, Tang J. Human La Protein: An RNA-Binding Protein Involved in Ovarian Cancer Development and Multidrug Resistance. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:10721-10727. [PMID: 33132701 PMCID: PMC7592153 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s269983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance is the main cause of chemotherapy failure and death in patients with advanced ovarian cancer. Drug resistance is a problem that must be solved to improve the survival rate of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The RNA-binding protein La and the La-related protein family are highly expressed in various malignant tumors, including ovarian cancer. This article reviews the mechanisms of La protein in tumorigenesis, development, and drug resistance. High La protein expression in tumor cells promotes tumor proliferation, invasion, and migration; disrupts cell cycle; and inhibits tumor cell apoptosis caused by chemotherapeutic drugs through various pathways, resulting in chemotherapy resistance in ovarian cancer. Further study of the role of La protein in ovarian cancer multidrug resistance may be conducive to the development of human La protein-specific inhibitors that suppress ovarian cancer drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, People's Republic of China
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Kang T, Boland BB, Jensen P, Alarcon C, Nawrocki A, Grimsby JS, Rhodes CJ, Larsen MR. Characterization of Signaling Pathways Associated with Pancreatic β-cell Adaptive Flexibility in Compensation of Obesity-linked Diabetes in db/db Mice. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:971-993. [PMID: 32265294 PMCID: PMC7261816 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra119.001882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The onset of obesity-linked type 2 diabetes (T2D) is marked by an eventual failure in pancreatic β-cell function and mass that is no longer able to compensate for the inherent insulin resistance and increased metabolic load intrinsic to obesity. However, in a commonly used model of T2D, the db/db mouse, β-cells have an inbuilt adaptive flexibility enabling them to effectively adjust insulin production rates relative to the metabolic demand. Pancreatic β-cells from these animals have markedly reduced intracellular insulin stores, yet high rates of (pro)insulin secretion, together with a substantial increase in proinsulin biosynthesis highlighted by expanded rough endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. However, when the metabolic overload and/or hyperglycemia is normalized, β-cells from db/db mice quickly restore their insulin stores and normalize secretory function. This demonstrates the β-cell's adaptive flexibility and indicates that therapeutic approaches applied to encourage β-cell rest are capable of restoring endogenous β-cell function. However, mechanisms that regulate β-cell adaptive flexibility are essentially unknown. To gain deeper mechanistic insight into the molecular events underlying β-cell adaptive flexibility in db/db β-cells, we conducted a combined proteomic and post-translational modification specific proteomic (PTMomics) approach on islets from db/db mice and wild-type controls (WT) with or without prior exposure to normal glucose levels. We identified differential modifications of proteins involved in redox homeostasis, protein refolding, K48-linked deubiquitination, mRNA/protein export, focal adhesion, ERK1/2 signaling, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone signaling, as well as sialyltransferase activity, associated with β-cell adaptive flexibility. These proteins are all related to proinsulin biosynthesis and processing, maturation of insulin secretory granules, and vesicular trafficking-core pathways involved in the adaptation of insulin production to meet metabolic demand. Collectively, this study outlines a novel and comprehensive global PTMome signaling map that highlights important molecular mechanisms related to the adaptive flexibility of β-cell function, providing improved insight into disease pathogenesis of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewook Kang
- Protein research group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Brandon B Boland
- The Kovler Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Disease, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
| | - Pia Jensen
- Protein research group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Cristina Alarcon
- The Kovler Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637
| | - Arkadiusz Nawrocki
- Protein research group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Joseph S Grimsby
- Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Disease, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
| | - Christopher J Rhodes
- The Kovler Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637; Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Disease, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Protein research group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
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Jiang N, Dai Q, Su X, Fu J, Feng X, Peng J. Role of PI3K/AKT pathway in cancer: the framework of malignant behavior. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4587-4629. [PMID: 32333246 PMCID: PMC7295848 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05435-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Given that the PI3K/AKT pathway has manifested its compelling influence on multiple cellular process, we further review the roles of hyperactivation of PI3K/AKT pathway in various human cancers. We state the abnormalities of PI3K/AKT pathway in different cancers, which are closely related with tumorigenesis, proliferation, growth, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stem-like phenotype, immune microenvironment and drug resistance of cancer cells. In addition, we investigated the current clinical trials of inhibitors against PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers and found that the clinical efficacy of these inhibitors as monotherapy has so far been limited despite of the promising preclinical activity, which means combinations of targeted therapy may achieve better efficacies in cancers. In short, we hope to feature PI3K/AKT pathway in cancers to the clinic and bring the new promising to patients for targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningni Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Qijie Dai
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Xiaorui Su
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Jianjiang Fu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Xuancheng Feng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 63 Duobao Road, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Guangzhou, 510150 China
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 USA
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Venturi G, Gomes Ferreira I, Pucci M, Ferracin M, Malagolini N, Chiricolo M, Dall'Olio F. Impact of sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 overexpression on different colon cancer cell types. Glycobiology 2020; 29:684-695. [PMID: 31317190 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated glycan structures can be both tumor markers and engines of disease progression. The structure Siaα2,6Galβ1,4GlcNAc (Sia6LacNAc), synthesized by sialyltransferase ST6GAL1, is a cancer-associated glycan. Although ST6GAL1/Sia6LacNAc are often overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), their biological and clinical significance remains unclear. To get insights into the clinical relevance of ST6GAL1 expression in CRC, we interrogated The Cancer Genome Atlas with mRNA expression data of hundreds of clinically characterized CRC and normal samples. We found an association of low ST6GAL1 expression with microsatellite instability (MSI), BRAF mutations and mucinous phenotype but not with stage, response to therapy and survival. To investigate the impact of ST6GAL1 expression in experimental systems, we analyzed the transcriptome and the phenotype of the CRC cell lines SW948 and SW48 after retroviral transduction with ST6GAL1 cDNA. The two cell lines display the two main pathways of CRC transformation: chromosomal instability and MSI, respectively. Constitutive ST6GAL1 expression induced much deeper transcriptomic changes in SW948 than in SW48 and affected different genes in the two cell lines. ST6GAL1 expression affected differentially the tyrosine phosphorylation induced by hepatocyte growth factor, the ability to grow in soft agar, to heal a scratch wound and to invade Matrigel in the two cell lines. These results indicate that the altered expression of a cancer-associated glycosyltransferase impacts the gene expression profile, as well as the phenotype, although in a cancer subtype-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Venturi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Inês Gomes Ferreira
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Pucci
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nadia Malagolini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mariella Chiricolo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Dall'Olio
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, General Pathology Building, University of Bologna Via S. Giacomo 14, Bologna, Italy
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SERPINH1 regulates EMT and gastric cancer metastasis via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:3574-3593. [PMID: 32091407 PMCID: PMC7066881 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of SERPINH1 in gastric cancer (GC) progression. GC patient tissues show significantly higher SERPINH1 mRNA and protein levels than normal gastric mucosal tissues. GC patients with high SERPINH1 expression are associated with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. SERPINH1 mRNA levels negatively correlate with E-cadherin mRNA levels and positively correlate with levels of N-cadherin, MMP2, and MMP9 mRNA levels. This suggests SERPINH1 regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). SERPINH1 expression was significantly higher in the HGC-27, AGS, MGC-803, and SGC-7901 GC cell lines than in the GES-1 normal gastric mucosal cell line. In SERPINH1-silenced SGC-7901 cells, survival, colony formation, migration and invasion were all reduced, whereas they were all enhanced in SERPINH1-overexpressing MGC-803 cells. Levels of WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway proteins, including β-catenin, Wnt2, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, NF-κB P65, Snail1, Slug and TWIST, were all reduced in SERPINH1-silenced SGC-7901 cells, and increased in the SERPINH1-overexpressing MGC-803 cells. Inhibition of SERPINH1 protein using Co1003 significantly decreased survival, invasion, and migration of GC cells. SERPINH1 thus appears to regulate EMT and GC progression via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, making SERPINH1 a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in GC patients.
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Wattanavises S, Silsirivanit A, Sawanyawisuth K, Cha’on U, Waraasawapati S, Saentaweesuk W, Luang S, Chalermwat C, Wongkham C, Wongkham S. Increase of MAL-II Binding Alpha2,3-Sialylated Glycan Is Associated with 5-FU Resistance and Short Survival of Cholangiocarcinoma Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55120761. [PMID: 31795149 PMCID: PMC6956088 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55120761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Sialylation plays important roles in tumor progression. Our present study aimed to demonstrate the alteration of sialylation and its role in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Materials and Methods: The α2,3- and α2,6-sialylation in CCA tissue was analyzed by lectin-histochemistry using Maackia amurensis lectin-II (MAL-II) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA). CCA cell lines were treated with the pan-sialylation inhibitor 3Fax-peracetyl-Neu5Ac (3F-Sia) followed by proliferation and chemosensitivity assays. Results: MAL-II binding α2,3-Sialylated Glycan (MAL-SG) and SNA binding α2,6-Sialylated Glycan (SNA-SG) were both elevated in CCA compared with hyperplastic/dysplastic (HP/DP) and normal bile ducts (NBD). The positive staining for MAL-SG or SNA-SG were found in 82% (61/74) of the CCA cases. Higher expression of MAL-SG in CCA was associated with shorter survival of the patients. The median survival of patients with high and low MAL-SG were 167 and 308 days, respectively, with overall survival of 233 days, suggesting the involvement of MAL-SG in CCA progression. MAL-SG expression of CCA cell lines was markedly decreased after treatment with 3F-Sia for 48 to 72 h. While proliferation of CCA cells were not affected by 3F-Sia treatment, their susceptibility to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was significantly enhanced. These results suggest that sialylation is involved in the development of 5-FU resistance and the sialylation inhibitor 3F-Sia can be used as a chemosensitizer for CCA. Conclusions: Sialylation is critically involved in the development of chemoresistance of CCA, and sialylation inhibitors may be used as a chemosensitizer in CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasiprapa Wattanavises
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Atit Silsirivanit
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-43-363-265
| | - Kanlayanee Sawanyawisuth
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Ubon Cha’on
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Sakda Waraasawapati
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | | | - Sukanya Luang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Chalongchai Chalermwat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
| | - Chaisiri Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
| | - Sopit Wongkham
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (S.W.); (K.S.); (U.C.); (S.L.); (C.C.); (C.W.); (S.W.)
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;
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Liu B, Liu Q, Pan S, Huang Y, Qi Y, Li S, Xiao Y, Jia L. The HOTAIR/miR-214/ST6GAL1 crosstalk modulates colorectal cancer procession through mediating sialylated c-Met via JAK2/STAT3 cascade. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:455. [PMID: 31694696 PMCID: PMC6836492 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background The regulatory non-coding RNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs), emerge as pivotal markers during tumor progression. Abnormal sialylated glycoprotein often leads to the malignancy of colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods Differential levels of HOTAIR and ST6GAL1 are analyzed by qRT-PCR. Functionally, CRC cell proliferation, aggressiveness and apoptosis are measured through relevant experiments, including CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, western blot and flow cytometry. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP assay confirm the direct interaction between HOTAIR and miR-214. The lung metastasis, liver metatstasis and xenografts nude mice models are established to show the in vivo effect of HOATIR. Results Here, differential levels of HOTAIR and ST6GAL1 are primarily observed in CRC samples and cells. Upregulated HOTAIR and ST6GAL1 are crucial predictors for poor CRC prognosis. Altered level of ST6GAL1 modulates CRC malignancy. Furthermore, ST6GAL1 and HOTAIR are confirmed as the direct targets of miR-214, and ST6GAL1 is regulated by HOTAIR via sponging miR-214. ST6GAL1 induces the elevated metabolic sialylation of c-Met, which is co-mediated by HOTAIR and miR-214. Sialylated c-Met affects the activity of JAK2/STAT3 pathway. The regulatory role of HOTAIR/miR-214/ST6GAL1 axis also impacts CRC procession. In addition, HOTAIR mediates lung metastasis, liver metastasis and tumorigenesis in vivo. ShHOTAIR and AMG-208 are combined to inhibit tumorigenesis for successful drug development. Conclusion The HOTAIR/miR-214/ST6GAL1 axis commands the CRC malignancy by modifying c-Met with sialylation and activating JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Our study presents novel insights into CRC progression and provided prospective therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shimeng Pan
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yiran Huang
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu Qi
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuangda Li
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Li Jia
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 Lushunnan Road Xiduan, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China.
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Munkley J, Scott E. Targeting Aberrant Sialylation to Treat Cancer. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 6:medicines6040102. [PMID: 31614918 PMCID: PMC6963943 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6040102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell surface carbohydrates (known as glycans) are often aberrantly expressed or found at atypical levels in cancer. Glycans can impact all steps in tumour progression, from malignant transformation to metastasis, and have roles in all the cancer hallmarks. An increased understanding of glycans in the metastatic cascade offers exciting new therapeutic opportunities. Glycan-based targeting strategies are currently being tested in clinical trials and are a rich and untapped frontier for development. As we learn more about cancer glycobiology, new targets will continue to emerge for drug design. One key change in tumour glycosylation is the upregulation of cancer-associated sialylated glycans. Abnormal sialylation is integral to tumour growth, metastasis and immune evasion; therefore, targeting sialic acid moieties in cancer could be of high therapeutic value. Here, we summarise the changes to sialic acid biology in cancer and discuss recent advances and technologies bringing sialic-acid targeting treatments to the forefront of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
| | - Emma Scott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK.
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Bärenwaldt A, Läubli H. The sialoglycan-Siglec glyco-immune checkpoint - a target for improving innate and adaptive anti-cancer immunity. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:839-853. [PMID: 31524529 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1667977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: During cancer progression, tumor cells develop several mechanisms to prevent killing and to shape the immune system into a tumor-promoting environment. One of such regulatory mechanism is the overexpression of sialic acid (Sia) on carbohydrates of proteins and lipids on tumor cells. Sia-containing glycans or sialoglycans were shown to inhibit immune effector functions of NK cells and T cells by engaging inhibitory Siglec receptors on the surface of these cells. They can also modulate the differentiation of myeloid cells into tumor-promoting M2 macrophages. Areas covered: We review the role of sialoglycans in cancer and introduce the Siglecs, their expression on different immune cells and their interaction with cancer-associated sialoglycans. The targeting of this sialoglycan-Siglec glyco-immune checkpoint is discussed along with potential therapeutic approaches. Pubmed was searched for publications on Siglecs, sialic acid, and cancer. Expert opinion: The targeting of sialoglycan-Siglec interactions has become a major focus in cancer research. New approaches have been developed that directly target sialic acids in tumor lesions. Targeted sialidases that cleave sialic acid specifically in the tumor, have already shown efficacy; efforts targeting the sialoglycan-Siglec pathway for improvement of CAR T cell therapy are ongoing. The sialoglycan-Siglec immune checkpoint is a promising new target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Bärenwaldt
- Division of Medical Oncology, and Laboratory for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
| | - Heinz Läubli
- Division of Medical Oncology, and Laboratory for Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel , Basel , Switzerland
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Chen H, Lu Q, Chen C, Di Y, Li Y, Min W, Yu Z, Dai D. β-catenin regulates effects of miR-24 on the viability and autophagy of glioma cells. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1285-1290. [PMID: 31316620 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the β-catenin gene are common in various cancer types. MicroRNA (miR)-24 suppresses gene expression during the cell cycle. However, the effects of miR-24 on the cell viability and autophagy of glioma cells, and how these biological processes are regulated by β-catenin are largely unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the role of β-catenin in regulating the effects of miR-24 on the cell viability and autophagy of glioma cells. The expression levels of microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B) and Beclin1 were detected by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Glioma C6 cells were transfected with miR-24 mimics, miR-24 inhibitors and negative control miRNAs. C6 cells transfected with miR-24 mimics or negative control miRNAs were treated with the β-catenin inhibitor, XAV-939. An MTT assay was utilized to evaluate the viability of C6 cells. The expression of miR-24 and mRNA expression of autophagy related 4a cysteine peptidase (ATG4A) were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. The protein expression of LC3B and Beclin1 decreased significantly in glioma tissue and glioma C6 cells compared with normal brain tissue. Compared with the negative control group, C6 cells transfected with miR-24 mimics exhibited significantly higher cell viability at 24 and 48 h, and those transfected with miR-24 inhibitors exhibited significantly lower cell viability at 48 h. XAV-939 decreased the stimulatory effects of miR-24 mimics on the viability of C6 cells. The expression of miR-24 significantly decreased and ATG4A mRNA significantly increased in C6 cells transfected with XAV-939 compared with those transfected with the negative control miRNA. XAV-939 attenuated the miR-24-induced decrease of the protein expression of LC3B and Beclin1, and decreased the stimulatory effects of miR-24 mimics on cell viability. In addition, XAV-939 attenuated the miR-24-induced decrease of autophagy marker expression by attenuating miR-24 expression and increasing ATG4A mRNA expression in glioma C6 cells. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to demonstrate whether β-catenin regulates the intracellular effects of miR-24 on the viability and autophagy of glioma cells. The results also provide some mechanistic basis to the pharmaceutical targeting of WNT signaling in high grade glial tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanchun Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Suzhou Kowloon Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215021, P.R. China
| | - Qiong Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Yunhai Di
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ya'Nan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Weijie Min
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Zhengquan Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
| | - Dongwei Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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Garnham R, Scott E, Livermore KE, Munkley J. ST6GAL1: A key player in cancer. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:983-989. [PMID: 31423157 PMCID: PMC6607188 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a universal feature of cancer cells and there is now overwhelming evidence that glycans can modulate pathways intrinsic to tumour cell biology. Glycans are important in all of the cancer hallmarks and there is a renewed interest in the glycomic profiling of tumours to improve early diagnosis, determine patient prognosis and identify targets for therapeutic intervention. One of the most widely occurring cancer associated changes in glycosylation is abnormal sialylation which is often accompanied by changes in sialyltransferase activity. Several sialyltransferases are implicated in cancer, but in recent years ST6 β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) has become increasingly dominant in the literature. ST6GAL1 catalyses the addition of α2,6-linked sialic acids to terminal N-glycans and can modify glycoproteins and/or glycolipids. ST6GAL1 is upregulated in numerous types of cancer (including pancreatic, prostate, breast and ovarian cancer) and can promote growth, survival and metastasis. The present review discusses ST6GAL in relation to the hallmarks of cancer, and highlights its key role in multiple mechanisms intrinsic to tumour cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Garnham
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Emma Scott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Karen E Livermore
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK
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Alginate oligosaccharide attenuates α2,6-sialylation modification to inhibit prostate cancer cell growth via the Hippo/YAP pathway. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:374. [PMID: 31076566 PMCID: PMC6510775 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chitosan oligosaccharides have been reported to inhibit various tumors. However, the water-soluble marine plant oligosaccharide alginate oligosaccharide (AOS) has only rarely been reported to have anti-cancer effects. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of AOS on prostate cancer and the underlying molecular mechanism remain unknown. This study shows that AOS inhibited cell growth, which was consistent with the attenuation of α2,6-sialylation modification. Furthermore, AOS inhibited ST6Gal-1 promoter activity and thus affected transcriptional processes. In addition, AOS could activate the Hippo/YAP pathway and block the recruitment of both the coactivator YAP and c-Jun. Furthermore, YAP interacted with the transcription factor c-Jun and regulated the transcriptional activity of the downstream target ST6Gal-1 gene. Consistent with in vitro data, AOS suppressed the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells via the Hippo/YAP pathway in vivo. In summary, these data indicate that AOS slows the proliferation of prostate cancer and provides a basis for the healthy function of kelp in traditional cognition.
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Wang L, Li S, Yu X, Han Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Chen X, Zhang J, Wang S. α2,6-Sialylation promotes immune escape in hepatocarcinoma cells by regulating T cell functions and CD147/MMP signaling. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:199-207. [PMID: 30972697 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00674-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Altered glycosylation is a common feature of cancer cells and plays an important role in tumor progression. β-Galactoside α2-6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6Gal-I) is the critical sialyltransferase responsible for the addition of α2-6-sialic acid to the terminal N-glycans on the cell surface. However, the functions and mechanism of ST6Gal-I in tumor immune escape remain poorly understood. Here, we found that ST6Gal-I overexpression promoted hepatocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and immune escape by increasing the levels of CD147, MMP9, MMP2, and MMP7. When CD8+ T cells were co-cultured with cell lines expressing different levels of ST6Gal-I, we found that ST6Gal-I upregulation inhibited the T cell proliferation and increased the secretion of IL-10 and TGF-β1, while secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α was diminished. In a syngeneic tumor transplant model, ST6Gal-I upregulated Hca-P. In addition, Hepa1-6 cells formed significantly larger tumors and suppressed intratumoral penetration by CD8+ T cells. In combination, these results suggest that ST6Gal-I promotes the immune escape of hepatocarcinoma cells in the tumor microenvironment and highlight the importance of assessing ST6Gal-I status for immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.,School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijun Li
- Department of inspection, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Yinshuang Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Shidan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, Liaoning, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Medicine, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin, 124221, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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50
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Scott E, Munkley J. Glycans as Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E1389. [PMID: 30893936 PMCID: PMC6470778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men, claiming over350,000 lives worldwide annually. Current diagnosis relies on prostate-specific antigen (PSA)testing, but this misses some aggressive tumours, and leads to the overtreatment of non-harmfuldisease. Hence, there is an urgent unmet clinical need to identify new diagnostic and prognosticbiomarkers. As prostate cancer is a heterogeneous and multifocal disease, it is likely that multiplebiomarkers will be needed to guide clinical decisions. Fluid-based biomarkers would be ideal, andattention is now turning to minimally invasive liquid biopsies, which enable the analysis oftumour components in patient blood or urine. Effective diagnostics using liquid biopsies willrequire a multifaceted approach, and a recent high-profile review discussed combining multipleanalytes, including changes to the tumour transcriptome, epigenome, proteome, and metabolome.However, the concentration on genomics-based paramaters for analysing liquid biopsies ispotentially missing a goldmine. Glycans have shown huge promise as disease biomarkers, anddata suggests that integrating biomarkers across multi-omic platforms (including changes to theglycome) can improve the stratification of patients with prostate cancer. A wide range ofalterations to glycans have been observed in prostate cancer, including changes to PSAglycosylation, increased sialylation and core fucosylation, increased O-GlcNacylation, theemergence of cryptic and branched N-glyans, and changes to galectins and proteoglycans. In thisreview, we discuss the huge potential to exploit glycans as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkersfor prostate cancer, and argue that the inclusion of glycans in a multi-analyte liquid biopsy test forprostate cancer will help maximise clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Scott
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.
| | - Jennifer Munkley
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.
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