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Vitorakis N, Piperi C. Insights into the Role of Histone Methylation in Brain Aging and Potential Therapeutic Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17339. [PMID: 38139167 PMCID: PMC10744334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms play a primary role in the cellular damage associated with brain aging. Histone posttranslational modifications represent intrinsic molecular alterations essential for proper physiological functioning, while divergent expression and activity have been detected in several aspects of brain aging. Aberrant histone methylation has been involved in neural stem cell (NSC) quiescence, microglial deficits, inflammatory processes, memory impairment, cognitive decline, neurodegenerative diseases, and schizophrenia. Herein, we provide an overview of recent studies on epigenetic regulation of brain tissue aging, mainly focusing on the role of histone methylation in different cellular and functional aspects of the aging process. Emerging targeting strategies of histone methylation are further explored, including neuroprotective drugs, natural compounds, and lifestyle modifications with therapeutic potential towards the aging process of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 M. Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece;
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2
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Xie K, Ehninger D. Ageing-associated phenotypes in mice. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 214:111852. [PMID: 37454704 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is a continuous process in life featuring progressive damage accumulation that leads to physiological decline, functional deterioration and ultimately death of an organism. Based on the relatively close anatomical and physiological similarity to humans, the mouse has been proven as a valuable model organism in ageing research over the last decades. In this review, we survey methods and tools currently in use to assess ageing phenotypes in mice. We summarize a range of ageing-associated alterations detectable at two major levels of analysis: (1) physiology and pathophysiology and (2) molecular biomarkers. Age-sensitive phenotypes provided in this article may serve to inform future studies targeting various aspects of organismal ageing in mice. In addition, we discuss conceptual and technical challenges faced by previous ageing studies in mice and, where possible, provide recommendations on how to resolve some of these issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kan Xie
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Dan Ehninger
- Translational Biogerontology Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Venusberg-Campus 1/99, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Bao H, Cao J, Chen M, Chen M, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chhetri JK, Ding Y, Feng J, Guo J, Guo M, He C, Jia Y, Jiang H, Jing Y, Li D, Li J, Li J, Liang Q, Liang R, Liu F, Liu X, Liu Z, Luo OJ, Lv J, Ma J, Mao K, Nie J, Qiao X, Sun X, Tang X, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu R, Xia K, Xiao FH, Xu L, Xu Y, Yan H, Yang L, Yang R, Yang Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Zhou R, Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Cao F, Cao Z, Chan P, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HZ, Chen J, Ci W, Ding BS, Ding Q, Gao F, Han JDJ, Huang K, Ju Z, Kong QP, Li J, Li J, Li X, Liu B, Liu F, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Luo X, Ma S, Ma X, Mao Z, Nie J, Peng Y, Qu J, Ren J, Ren R, Song M, Songyang Z, Sun YE, Sun Y, Tian M, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wong CCL, Xiang AP, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Ye J, Yue R, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang YW, Zhang Z, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhu D, Zou W, Pei G, Liu GH. Biomarkers of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:893-1066. [PMID: 37076725 PMCID: PMC10115486 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular, organ, and organismal levels of aging, comprising six pillars: physiological characteristics, medical imaging, histological features, cellular alterations, molecular changes, and secretory factors. To fulfill all these requisites, we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific, systemic, and clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jagadish K Chhetri
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingjie Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuting He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujuan Jia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qinhao Liang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kehang Mao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rimo Wu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haoteng Yan
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanxin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenwan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qingchen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Unversity, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, The second Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing & Qingdao Langu Pharmaceutical R&D Platform, Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province and Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Department of Neurosciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dahai Zhu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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4
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Abstract
Epigenetic alterations during ageing are manifested with altered gene expression linking it to lifespan regulation, genetic instability, and diseases. Diet and epigenetic modifiers exert a profound effect on the lifespan of an organism by modulating the epigenetic marks. However, our understanding of the multifactorial nature of the epigenetic process during ageing and the onset of disease conditions as well as its reversal by epidrugs, diet, or environmental factors is still mystifying. This review covers the key findings in epigenetics related to ageing and age-related diseases. Further, it holds a discussion about the epigenetic clocks and their implications in various age-related disease conditions including cancer. Although, epigenetics is a reversible process how fast the epigenetic alterations can revert to normal is an intriguing question. Therefore, this paper touches on the possibility of utilizing nutrition and MSCs secretome to accelerate the epigenetic reversal and emphasizes the identification of new therapeutic epigenetic modifiers to counter epigenetic alteration during ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Sharma
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, 429164, Bangalore, India;
| | - Ramesh Bhonde
- Dr D Y Patil Vidyapeeth University, 121766, Pune, Maharashtra, India;
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5
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Rajado AT, Silva N, Esteves F, Brito D, Binnie A, Araújo IM, Nóbrega C, Bragança J, Castelo-Branco P. How can we modulate aging through nutrition and physical exercise? An epigenetic approach. Aging (Albany NY) 2023. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.18632/aging.204668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Rajado
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Nádia Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - David Brito
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Binnie
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Department of Critical Care, William Osler Health System, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada
| | - Inês M. Araújo
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Castelo-Branco
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
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6
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Rajado AT, Silva N, Esteves F, Brito D, Binnie A, Araújo IM, Nóbrega C, Bragança J, Castelo-Branco P. How can we modulate aging through nutrition and physical exercise? An epigenetic approach. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:3191-3217. [PMID: 37086262 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization predicts that by 2050, 2.1 billion people worldwide will be over 60 years old, a drastic increase from only 1 billion in 2019. Considering these numbers, strategies to ensure an extended "healthspan" or healthy longevity are urgently needed. The present study approaches the promotion of healthspan from an epigenetic perspective. Epigenetic phenomena are modifiable in response to an individual's environmental exposures, and therefore link an individual's environment to their gene expression pattern. Epigenetic studies demonstrate that aging is associated with decondensation of the chromatin, leading to an altered heterochromatin structure, which promotes the accumulation of errors. In this review, we describe how aging impacts epigenetics and how nutrition and physical exercise can positively impact the aging process, from an epigenetic point of view. Canonical histones are replaced by histone variants, concomitant with an increase in histone post-translational modifications. A slight increase in DNA methylation at promoters has been observed, which represses transcription of previously active genes, in parallel with global genome hypomethylation. Aging is also associated with deregulation of gene expression - usually provided by non-coding RNAs - leading to both the repression of previously transcribed genes and to the transcription of previously repressed genes. Age-associated epigenetic events are less common in individuals with a healthy lifestyle, including balanced nutrition, caloric restriction and physical exercise. Healthy aging is associated with more tightly condensed chromatin, fewer PTMs and greater regulation by ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Rajado
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Nádia Silva
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Filipa Esteves
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - David Brito
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Binnie
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Department of Critical Care, William Osler Health System, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada
| | - Inês M Araújo
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Clévio Nóbrega
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Bragança
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Castelo-Branco
- Algarve Biomedical Center, Research Institute (ABC-RI), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Algarve Biomedical Center (ABC), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (FMCB), University of Algarve Campus Gambelas, Faro 8005-139, Portugal
- Champalimaud Research Program, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
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7
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Pamplona R, Jové M, Gómez J, Barja G. Whole organism aging: Parabiosis, inflammaging, epigenetics, and peripheral and central aging clocks. The ARS of aging. Exp Gerontol 2023; 174:112137. [PMID: 36871903 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The strong interest shown in the study of the causes of aging in recent decades has uncovered many mechanisms that could contribute to the rate of aging. These include mitochondrial ROS production, DNA modification and repair, lipid peroxidation-induced membrane fatty acid unsaturation, autophagy, telomere shortening rate, apoptosis, proteostasis, senescent cells, and most likely there are many others waiting to be discovered. However, all these well-known mechanisms work only or mainly at the cellular level. Although it is known that organs within a single individual do not age at exactly the same rate, there is a well-defined species longevity. Therefore, loose coordination of aging rate among the different cells and tissues is needed to ensure species lifespan. In this article we focus on less known extracellular, systemic, and whole organism level mechanisms that could loosely coordinate aging of the whole individual to keep it within the margins of its species longevity. We discuss heterochronic parabiosis experiments, systemic factors distributed through the vascular system like DAMPs, mitochondrial DNA and its fragments, TF-like vascular proteins, and inflammaging, as well as epigenetic and proposed aging clocks situated at different levels of organization from individual cells to the brain. These interorgan systems can help to determine species longevity as a further adaptation to the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), E25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida (UdL), Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), E25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - José Gómez
- Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, ESCET, Rey Juan Carlos University, E28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo Barja
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), E28040 Madrid, Spain.
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8
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Grande de França NA, Rolland Y, Guyonnet S, de Souto Barreto P. The role of dietary strategies in the modulation of hallmarks of aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101908. [PMID: 36905962 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
The hallmarks of aging constitute an interconnected network of basic mechanisms that modulate aging and can be modulated by lifestyle factors, including dietary strategies. This narrative review aimed to summarize the evidence on promoting dietary restriction or adherence to specific dietary patterns on hallmarks of aging. Studies with preclinical models or humans were considered. Dietary restriction (DR), usually operationalized as a reduction in caloric intake, is the main strategy applied to study the axis diet-hallmarks of aging. DR has been shown to modulate mainly genomic instability, loss of proteostasis, deregulating nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, and altered intercellular communication. Much less evidence exists on the role of dietary patterns, with most of the studies evaluating the Mediterranean Diet and other similar plant-based diets, and the ketogenic diet. Potential benefits are described in genomic instability, epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and altered intercellular communication. Given the predominant place of food in human life, it is imperative to determine the impact of nutritional strategies on the modulation of lifespan and healthspan, considering applicability, long-term adherence, and side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha A Grande de França
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France.
| | - Yves Rolland
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; Maintain Aging Researchteam, CERPOP, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Guyonnet
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; Maintain Aging Researchteam, CERPOP, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Philipe de Souto Barreto
- Gérontopôle of Toulouse, Institute on Aging, Toulouse University Hospital (CHU Toulouse), Toulouse, France; Maintain Aging Researchteam, CERPOP, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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9
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Deryabin PI, Borodkina AV. Epigenetic clocks provide clues to the mystery of uterine ageing. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 29:259-271. [PMID: 36515535 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rising maternal ages and age-related fertility decline are a global challenge for modern reproductive medicine. Clinicians and researchers pay specific attention to ovarian ageing and hormonal insufficiency in this regard. However, uterine ageing is often left out of the picture, with the majority of reproductive clinicians being close to unanimous on the absence of age-related functional decline in the uterine tissues. Therefore, most existing techniques to treat an age-related decline in implantation rates are based primarily on hormonal supplementation and oocyte donation. Solving the issue of uterine ageing might lead to an adjustment to these methods. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE A focus on uterine ageing and the possibility of slowing it emerged with the development of the information theory of ageing, which identifies genomic instability and erosion of the epigenetic landscape as important drivers of age-related decline in the functionality of most cells and tissues. Age-related smoothing of this landscape and a decline in tissue function can be assessed by measuring the ticking of epigenetic clocks. Within this review, we explore whether the uterus experiences age-related alterations using this elegant approach. We analyse existing data on epigenetic clocks in the endometrium, highlight approaches to improve the accuracy of the clocks in this cycling tissue, speculate on the endometrial pathologies whose progression might be predicted by the altered speed of epigenetic clocks and discuss the possibilities of slowing down the ticking of these clocks. SEARCH METHODS Data for this review were identified by searches of Medline, PubMed and Google Scholar. References from relevant articles using the search terms 'ageing', 'maternal age', 'female reproduction', 'uterus', 'endometrium', 'implantation', 'decidualization', 'epigenetic clock', 'biological age', 'DNA methylation', 'fertility' and 'infertility' were selected. A total of 95 articles published in English between 1985 and 2022 were included, six of which describe the use of the epigenetic clock to evaluate uterine/endometrium ageing. OUTCOMES Application of the Horvath and DNAm PhenoAge epigenetic clocks demonstrated a poor correlation with chronological age in the endometrium. Several approaches were suggested to enhance the predictive power of epigenetic clocks for the endometrium. The first was to increase the number of samples in the training dataset, as for the Zang clock, or to use more sophisticated clock-building algorithms, as for the AltumAge clock. The second method is to adjust the clocks according to the dynamic nature of the endometrium. Using either approach revealed a strong correlation with chronological age in the endometrium, providing solid evidence for age-related functional decline in this tissue. Furthermore, age acceleration/deceleration, as estimated by epigenetic clocks, might be a promising tool to predict or to gain insights into the origin of various endometrial pathologies, including recurrent implantation failure, cancer and endometriosis. Finally, there are several strategies to slow down or even reverse epigenetic clocks that might be applied to reduce the risk of age-related uterine impairments. WIDER IMPLICATIONS The uterine factor should be considered, along with ovarian issues, to correct for the decline in female fertility with age. Epigenetic clocks can be tested to gain a deeper understanding of various endometrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel I Deryabin
- Mechanisms of Cellular Senescence Group, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aleksandra V Borodkina
- Mechanisms of Cellular Senescence Group, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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10
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Hillje R, Luzi L, Amatori S, Persico G, Casciaro F, Rusin M, Fanelli M, Pelicci P, Giorgio M. Time makes histone H3 modifications drift in mouse liver. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:4959-4975. [PMID: 35687897 PMCID: PMC9271290 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To detect the epigenetic drift of time passing, we determined the genome-wide distributions of mono- and tri-methylated lysine 4 and acetylated and tri-methylated lysine 27 of histone H3 in the livers of healthy 3, 6 and 12 months old C57BL/6 mice. The comparison of different age profiles of histone H3 marks revealed global redistribution of histone H3 modifications with time, in particular in intergenic regions and near transcription start sites, as well as altered correlation between the profiles of different histone modifications. Moreover, feeding mice with caloric restriction diet, a treatment known to retard aging, reduced the extent of changes occurring during the first year of life in these genomic regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Hillje
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - European Institute of Oncology, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Lucilla Luzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - European Institute of Oncology, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Stefano Amatori
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Lab, University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Fano 61032, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Persico
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - European Institute of Oncology, Milano 20139, Italy
| | - Francesca Casciaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Martina Rusin
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - European Institute of Oncology, Milano 20139, Italy.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Lab, University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Fano 61032, Italy
| | - Mirco Fanelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Lab, University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Fano 61032, Italy
| | - Piergiuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - European Institute of Oncology, Milano 20139, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milano 20122, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS - European Institute of Oncology, Milano 20139, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padova 35131, Italy
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11
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Dietary Restriction and Rapamycin Affect Brain Aging in Mice by Attenuating Age-Related DNA Methylation Changes. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040699. [PMID: 35456505 PMCID: PMC9030181 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fact that dietary restriction (DR) and long-term rapamycin treatment (RALL) can ameliorate the aging process has been reported by many researchers. As the interface between external and genetic factors, epigenetic modification such as DNA methylation may have latent effects on the aging rate at the molecular level. To understand the mechanism behind the impacts of dietary restriction and rapamycin on aging, DNA methylation and gene expression changes were measured in the hippocampi of different-aged mice. Examining the single-base resolution of DNA methylation, we discovered that both dietary restriction and rapamycin treatment can maintain DNA methylation in a younger state compared to normal-aged mice. Through functional enrichment analysis of genes in which DNA methylation or gene expression can be affected by DR/RALL, we found that DR/RALL may retard aging through a relationship in which DNA methylation and gene expression work together not only in the same gene but also in the same biological process. This study is instructive for understanding the maintenance of DNA methylation by DR/RALL in the aging process, as well as the role of DR and RALL in the amelioration of aging.
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12
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Occurrence of Total and Proteinase K-Resistant Alpha-Synuclein in Glioblastoma Cells Depends on mTOR Activity. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14061382. [PMID: 35326535 PMCID: PMC8946689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is considered a pathological hallmark of the neurodegenerative disorders known as synucleinopathies. The clearance of α-syn depends on autophagy activity, which is inhibited by the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Thus, it is likely that α-syn accumulation may occur whenever mTOR is overactive and autophagy is suppressed. In fact, the lack of effective autophagy increases the amount of α-syn and may produce protein aggregation. Therefore, in the present study, we questioned whether cells from glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a lethal brain neoplasm, wherein mTOR is upregulated and autophagy is suppressed, may overexpress α-syn. In fact, a large quantity of α-syn is measured in GBM cells compared with astrocytes, which includes proteinase K-resistant α-syn. Rapamycin, while inhibiting mTOR activity, significantly reduces the amount of α-syn and allocates α-syn within autophagy-like vacuoles. Abstract Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a protein considered to be detrimental in a number of degenerative disorders (synucleinopathies) of which α-syn aggregates are considered a pathological hallmark. The clearance of α-syn strongly depends on autophagy, which can be stimulated by inhibiting the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Thus, the overexpression of mTOR and severe autophagy suppression may produce α-syn accumulation, including the proteinase K-resistant protein isoform. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a lethal brain tumor that features mTOR overexpression and severe autophagy inhibition. Cell pathology in GBM is reminiscent of a fast, progressive degenerative disorder. Therefore, the present work questions whether, as is analogous to neurons during degenerative disorders, an overexpression of α-syn occurs within GBM cells. A high amount of α-syn was documented in GBM cells via real-time PCR (RT-PCR), Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immuno-fluorescence, and ultrastructural stoichiometry, compared with the amount of β- and γ-synucleins and compared with the amount of α-syn counted within astrocytes. The present study indicates that (i) α-syn is overexpressed in GBM cells, (ii) α-syn expression includes a proteinase-K resistant isoform, (iii) α-syn is dispersed from autophagy-like vacuoles to the cytosol, (iv) α-syn overexpression and cytosol dispersion are mitigated by rapamycin, and (v) the α-syn-related GBM-like phenotype is mitigated by silencing the SNCA gene.
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How to Slow Down the Ticking Clock: Age-Associated Epigenetic Alterations and Related Interventions to Extend Life Span. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030468. [PMID: 35159278 PMCID: PMC8915189 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alterations pose one major hallmark of organismal aging. Here, we provide an overview on recent findings describing the epigenetic changes that arise during aging and in related maladies such as neurodegeneration and cancer. Specifically, we focus on alterations of histone modifications and DNA methylation and illustrate the link with metabolic pathways. Age-related epigenetic, transcriptional and metabolic deregulations are highly interconnected, which renders dissociating cause and effect complicated. However, growing amounts of evidence support the notion that aging is not only accompanied by epigenetic alterations, but also at least in part induced by those. DNA methylation clocks emerged as a tool to objectively determine biological aging and turned out as a valuable source in search of factors positively and negatively impacting human life span. Moreover, specific epigenetic signatures can be used as biomarkers for age-associated disorders or even as targets for therapeutic approaches, as will be covered in this review. Finally, we summarize recent potential intervention strategies that target epigenetic mechanisms to extend healthy life span and provide an outlook on future developments in the field of longevity research.
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14
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Krzystyniak A, Wesierska M, Petrazzo G, Gadecka A, Dudkowska M, Bielak-Zmijewska A, Mosieniak G, Figiel I, Wlodarczyk J, Sikora E. Combination of dasatinib and quercetin improves cognitive abilities in aged male Wistar rats, alleviates inflammation and changes hippocampal synaptic plasticity and histone H3 methylation profile. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:572-595. [PMID: 35042834 PMCID: PMC8833137 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with cognitive decline and accumulation of senescent cells in various tissues and organs. Senolytic agents such as dasatinib and quercetin (D+Q) in combination have been shown to target senescent cells and ameliorate symptoms of aging-related disorders in mouse models. However, the mechanisms by which senolytics improve cognitive impairments have not been fully elucidated particularly in species other than mice. To study the effect of senolytics on aging-related multifactorial cognitive dysfunctions we tested the spatial memory of male Wistar rats in an active allothetic place avoidance task. Here we report that 8 weeks treatment with D+Q alleviated learning deficits and memory impairment observed in aged animals. Furthermore, treatment with D+Q resulted in a reduction of the peripheral inflammation measured by the levels of serum inflammatory mediators (including members of senescent cell secretome) in aged rats. Significant improvements in cognitive abilities observed in aged rats upon treatment with D+Q were associated with changes in the dendritic spine morphology of the apical dendritic tree from the hippocampal CA1 neurons and changes in the level of histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 9 and 27 in the hippocampus. The beneficial effects of D+Q on learning and memory in aged rats were long-lasting and persisted at least 5 weeks after the cessation of the drugs administration. Our results expand and provide new insights to the existing knowledge associated with effects of senolytics on alleviating age-related associated cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Krzystyniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Wesierska
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Gregory Petrazzo
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gadecka
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dudkowska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Anna Bielak-Zmijewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Grazyna Mosieniak
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Izabela Figiel
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Jakub Wlodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
| | - Ewa Sikora
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases of Aging, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw 02-093, Poland
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15
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Zhang L, Xu H, Ding N, Li X, Chen X, Chen Z. Beneficial Effects on Brain Micro-Environment by Caloric Restriction in Alleviating Neurodegenerative Diseases and Brain Aging. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715443. [PMID: 34899367 PMCID: PMC8660583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and neurodegenerative diseases are frequently associated with the disruption of the extracellular microenvironment, which includes mesenchyme and body fluid components. Caloric restriction (CR) has been recognized as a lifestyle intervention that can improve long-term health. In addition to preventing metabolic disorders, CR has been shown to improve brain health owing to its enhancing effect on cognitive functions or retarding effect on the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This article summarizes current findings regarding the neuroprotective effects of CR, which include the modulation of metabolism, autophagy, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. This review may offer future perspectives for brain aging interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China.,Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation Institute, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Huachong Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ning Ding
- Key Laboratory of Central CNS Regeneration (Ministry of Education), Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyin Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangfei Chen
- Medical College, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China
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16
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Kluever V, Fornasiero EF. Principles of brain aging: Status and challenges of modeling human molecular changes in mice. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101465. [PMID: 34555542 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Due to the extension of human life expectancy, the prevalence of cognitive impairment is rising in the older portion of society. Developing new strategies to delay or attenuate cognitive decline is vital. For this purpose, it is imperative to understand the cellular and molecular events at the basis of brain aging. While several organs are directly accessible to molecular analysis through biopsies, the brain constitutes a notable exception. Most of the molecular studies are performed on postmortem tissues, where cell death and tissue damage have already occurred. Hence, the study of the molecular aspects of cognitive decline largely relies on animal models and in particular on small mammals such as mice. What have we learned from these models? Do these animals recapitulate the changes observed in humans? What should we expect from future mouse studies? In this review we answer these questions by summarizing the state of the research that has addressed cognitive decline in mice from several perspectives, including genetic manipulation and omics strategies. We conclude that, while extremely valuable, mouse models have limitations that can be addressed by the optimal design of future studies and by ensuring that results are cross-validated in the human context.
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17
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Mendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Stem Cell Rejuvenation by Restoration of Youthful Metabolic Compartmentalization. Rejuvenation Res 2021; 24:470-474. [PMID: 34846176 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2021.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell dysfunction is a hallmark of aging. Much recent study suggests that epigenetic changes play a critical role in the loss of stem cell function with age. However, the underlying mechanisms require elucidation. A recent report describes a process by which mild mitochondrial stress associated with aging causes lysosomal-mediated decreases in CiC, the mitochondrial citrate transporter, in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This, in turn, results in a deficit of acetyl-CoA in the nucleus and hypoacetylation of histones. The altered epigenome results in skewered stem cell differentiation favoring adipogenesis and disfavoring osteogenesis, which is problematic given the role the MSCs play in maintaining the integrity of bone tissue. Restoration of nuclear acetyl-CoA by either ectopic expression of CiC or acetate supplementation of MSCs in culture rejuvenates the MSC, restoring the potential to efficiently differentiate along the osteogenic lineage. Citrate, which has recently been reported to extend lifespan in Drosophila, chemically incorporates acetyl-CoA and may prove useful to restore cytoplasmic and nuclear acetyl-CoA levels. The general applicability of the CiC defect in old cells, particularly stem cells, should be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Mendelsohn
- Panorama Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA.,Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
| | - James W Larrick
- Panorama Research Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA.,Regenerative Sciences Institute, Sunnyvale, California, USA
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18
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Chao CC, Shen PW, Tzeng TY, Kung HJ, Tsai TF, Wong YH. Human iPSC-Derived Neurons as A Platform for Deciphering the Mechanisms behind Brain Aging. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1635. [PMID: 34829864 PMCID: PMC8615703 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With an increased life expectancy among humans, aging has recently emerged as a major focus in biomedical research. The lack of in vitro aging models-especially for neurological disorders, where access to human brain tissues is limited-has hampered the progress in studies on human brain aging and various age-associated neurodegenerative diseases at the cellular and molecular level. In this review, we provide an overview of age-related changes in the transcriptome, in signaling pathways, and in relation to epigenetic factors that occur in senescent neurons. Moreover, we explore the current cell models used to study neuronal aging in vitro, including immortalized cell lines, primary neuronal culture, neurons directly converted from fibroblasts (Fib-iNs), and iPSC-derived neurons (iPSC-iNs); we also discuss the advantages and limitations of these models. In addition, the key phenotypes associated with cellular senescence that have been observed by these models are compared. Finally, we focus on the potential of combining human iPSC-iNs with genome editing technology in order to further our understanding of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss the future directions and challenges in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Chuan Chao
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (T.-F.T.)
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Po-Wen Shen
- Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Yu Tzeng
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan;
| | - Hsing-Jien Kung
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Ting-Fen Tsai
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (T.-F.T.)
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli 350, Taiwan;
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hui Wong
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
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19
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Garcia-Venzor A, Toiber D. SIRT6 Through the Brain Evolution, Development, and Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:747989. [PMID: 34720996 PMCID: PMC8548377 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.747989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
During an organism's lifespan, two main phenomena are critical for the organism's survival. These are (1) a proper embryonic development, which permits the new organism to function with high fitness, grow and reproduce, and (2) the aging process, which will progressively undermine its competence and fitness for survival, leading to its death. Interestingly these processes present various similarities at the molecular level. Notably, as organisms became more complex, regulation of these processes became coordinated by the brain, and failure in brain activity is detrimental in both development and aging. One of the critical processes regulating brain health is the capacity to keep its genomic integrity and epigenetic regulation-deficiency in DNA repair results in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. As the brain becomes more complex, this effect becomes more evident. In this perspective, we will analyze how the brain evolved and became critical for human survival and the role Sirt6 plays in brain health. Sirt6 belongs to the Sirtuin family of histone deacetylases that control several cellular processes; among them, Sirt6 has been associated with the proper embryonic development and is associated with the aging process. In humans, Sirt6 has a pivotal role during brain aging, and its loss of function is correlated with the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, Sirt6 roles during brain development and aging, especially the last one, are not observed in all species. It appears that during the brain organ evolution, Sirt6 has gained more relevance as the brain becomes bigger and more complex, observing the most detrimental effect in the brains of Homo sapiens. In this perspective, we part from the evolution of the brain in metazoans, the biological similarities between brain development and aging, and the relevant functions of Sirt6 in these similar phenomena to conclude with the evidence suggesting a more relevant role of Sirt6 gained in the brain evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Garcia-Venzor
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Debra Toiber
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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20
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Tay EXY, Chia K, Ong DST. Epigenetic plasticity and redox regulation of neural stem cell state and fate. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:116-130. [PMID: 33684459 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The neural stem cells (NSCs) are essential for normal brain development and homeostasis. The cell state (i.e. quiescent versus activated) and fate (i.e. the cell lineage of choice upon differentiation) of NSCs are tightly controlled by various redox and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. There is an increasing appreciation that redox and epigenetic regulations are intimately linked, but how this redox-epigenetics crosstalk affects NSC activity remains poorly understood. Another unresolved topic is whether the NSCs actually contribute to brain ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we aim to 1) distill concepts that underlie redox and epigenetic regulation of NSC state and fate; 2) provide examples of the redox-epigenetics crosstalk in NSC biology; and 3) highlight potential redox- and epigenetic-based therapeutic opportunities to rescue NSC dysfunctions in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy Xue Yun Tay
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Kimberly Chia
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore
| | - Derrick Sek Tong Ong
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117593, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138673, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
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21
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Lu YX, Regan JC, Eßer J, Drews LF, Weinseis T, Stinn J, Hahn O, Miller RA, Grönke S, Partridge L. A TORC1-histone axis regulates chromatin organisation and non-canonical induction of autophagy to ameliorate ageing. eLife 2021; 10:62233. [PMID: 33988501 PMCID: PMC8186904 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related changes to histone levels are seen in many species. However, it is unclear whether changes to histone expression could be exploited to ameliorate the effects of ageing in multicellular organisms. Here we show that inhibition of mTORC1 by the lifespan-extending drug rapamycin increases expression of histones H3 and H4 post-transcriptionally through eIF3-mediated translation. Elevated expression of H3/H4 in intestinal enterocytes in Drosophila alters chromatin organisation, induces intestinal autophagy through transcriptional regulation, and prevents age-related decline in the intestine. Importantly, it also mediates rapamycin-induced longevity and intestinal health. Histones H3/H4 regulate expression of an autophagy cargo adaptor Bchs (WDFY3 in mammals), increased expression of which in enterocytes mediates increased H3/H4-dependent healthy longevity. In mice, rapamycin treatment increases expression of histone proteins and Wdfy3 transcription, and alters chromatin organisation in the small intestine, suggesting that the mTORC1-histone axis is at least partially conserved in mammals and may offer new targets for anti-ageing interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xuan Lu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jennifer C Regan
- Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Eßer
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lisa F Drews
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Weinseis
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Julia Stinn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Hahn
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
| | | | - Linda Partridge
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Healthy Ageing, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Dube CT, Jahan FRS, Lim CY. Key changes in chromatin mark mammalian epidermal differentiation and ageing. Epigenetics 2021; 17:444-459. [PMID: 33890553 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1917812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic shifts in chromatin states occur during embryonic epidermal development to support diverse epigenetic pathways that regulate skin formation and differentiation. However, it is not known whether the epigenomes established during embryonic development are maintained into adulthood or how these epigenetic mechanisms may be altered upon physiological ageing of the tissue. Here, we systematically profiled the nuclear enrichment of five key histone modifications in young and aged mouse epidermis and identified distinct chromatin states that are tightly correlated with cellular differentiation, as well as chromatin alterations that accompanied epidermal ageing. Our data showed that histone modifications, which become differentially enriched in undifferentiated basal or differentiated suprabasal cells during embryonic development, retained their distinct cell-type specific enrichment patterns in both young and aged adult tissues. Specifically, high levels of H3K4me3, H4K20me1 and H4K16ac marked the proliferative basal cells, while differentiated suprabasal cells accumulated H3K27me3 and H4K20me3 heterochromatin with a concomitant deacetylation of H4K16. We further identified shifts in the chromatin in the aged basal epidermis, which exhibited markedly reduced levels of H4K16ac, absence of high H4K20me1 staining and increased cell-to-cell variability in total histone H3 and H4 content. Changes in the chromatin profiles in aged tissues paralleled the altered expression of their corresponding histone modifiers in the basal keratinocytes. These results thus reveal the key histone signatures of epidermal differentiation that are conserved from embryonic development to adult homoeostasis, and provide insights into the epigenetic pathways underlying physiological skin ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christabel Thembela Dube
- Epithelial Epigenetics and Development Laboratory, Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Chin Yan Lim
- Epithelial Epigenetics and Development Laboratory, Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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23
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Gong H, Zhang M, Han Y, Zhang Y, Pang J, Zhao Y, Chen B, Wu W, Qi R, Zhang T. Differential microRNAs expression profiles in liver from three different lifestyle modification mice models. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:196. [PMID: 33740891 PMCID: PMC7977600 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07507-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs play an important role in many fundamental biological and pathological processes. Defining the microRNAs profile underlying the processes by beneficial and detrimental lifestyles, including caloric restriction (CR), exercise and high-fat diet (HF), is necessary for understanding both normal physiology and the pathogenesis of metabolic disease. We used the microarray to detect microRNAs expression in livers from CR, EX and HF mice models. After predicted potential target genes of differentially expressed microRNAs with four algorithms, we applied GO and KEGG to analyze the function of predicted microRNA targets. Results We describe the overall microRNAs expression pattern, and identified 84 differentially expressed microRNAs changed by one or two or even all the three lifestyle modifications. The common and different enriched categories of gene function and main biochemical and signal transduction pathways were presented. Conclusions We provided for the first time a comprehensive and thorough comparison of microRNAs expression profiles in liver among these lifestyle modifications. With this knowledge, our findings provide us with an overall vision of microRNAs in the molecular impact of lifestyle on health as well as useful clues for future and thorough research of the role of microRNAs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07507-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ming Zhang
- Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiwen Han
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Beidong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiemei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Zhang F, Icyuz M, Bartke A, Sun LY. The effects of early-life growth hormone intervention on tissue specific histone H3 modifications in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:1633-1648. [PMID: 33378746 PMCID: PMC7880366 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Histone modifications, specifically in the lysine residues of histone H3, have been implicated in lifespan regulation in several model organisms. Our previous studies showed that growth hormone (GH) treatment during early life can dramatically influence lifespan in long-lived Ames dwarf mice. However, the effects of this hormonal intervention on epigenetic modifications have never been examined. In this study, we sought to compare tissue-specific histone H3 lysine methylation and acetylation markers in Ames dwarf and wild type (WT) mice and to determine how these markers are affected by early-life GH intervention. Ames dwarf mice exhibited suppressed H3K4me in both hepatic and brain tissues, while showing elevated H3K27me in the brain. Early-life GH intervention significantly altered the histone H3 markers in those tissues. Furthermore, early GH intervention increased expression of histone H3 acetylation at multiple lysine residues in a tissue-specific manner. This included changes in H3K14ac and H3K18ac in the liver and brain, H3K18ac in visceral adipose tissue and H3K9ac, H3K14ac and H3K27ac in subcutaneous adipose tissue. This study serves as an initial, but important step in elucidating the epigenetic mechanisms by which hormonal signals during early life can influence aging and longevity in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
| | - Mert Icyuz
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
| | - Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA
| | - Liou Y. Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
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25
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Role of Altered Expression, Activity and Sub-cellular Distribution of Various Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy with Hippocampal Sclerosis. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 42:1049-1064. [PMID: 33258018 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-020-00994-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been described to have both neurotoxic and neuroprotective roles, and partly, depend on its sub-cellular distribution. HDAC inhibitors have a long history of use in the treatment of various neurological disorders including epilepsy. Key role of HDACs in GABAergic neurotransmission, synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity and memory formation was demonstrated whereas very less is known about their role in drug-resistant epilepsy pathologies. The present study was aimed to investigate the changes in the expression of HDACs, activity and its sub-cellular distribution in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) patients. For this study, surgically resected hippocampal tissue specimens of 28 MTLE-HS patients and 20 hippocampus from post-mortem cases were obtained. Real-time PCR was done to analyse the mRNA expression. HDAC activity and the protein levels of HDACs in cytoplasm as well as nucleus were measured spectrophotometrically. Further, sub-cellular localization of HDACs was characterized by immunofluorescence. Significant upregulation of HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC4, HDAC5, HDAC6, HDAC10 and HDAC11 mRNA were observed in MTLE-HS. Alterations in the mRNA expression of glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor subunits have been also demonstrated. We observed significant increase of HDAC activity and nuclear level of HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC5 and HDAC11 in the hippocampal samples obtained from patients with MTLE-HS. Moreover, we found altered cytoplasmic level of HDAC4, HDAC6 and HDAC10 in the hippocampal sample obtained from patients with MTLE-HS. Alterations in the level of HDACs could potentially be part of a dynamic transcription regulation associated with MTLE-HS. Changes in cytoplasmic level of HDAC4, 6 and 10 suggest that cytoplasmic substrates may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of MTLE-HS. Knowledge regarding expression pattern and sub-cellular distribution of HDACs may help to devise specific HDACi therapy for epilepsy.
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The relationship between DNA methylation in neurotrophic genes and age as evidenced from three independent cohorts: differences by delirium status. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 94:227-235. [PMID: 32650186 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported the association between DNA methylation (DNAm) of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and age. In addition, neurotrophic factors are known to be associated with age and neurocognitive disorders. Therefore, we hypothesized that DNAm of neurotrophic genes change with age, especially in delirium patients. DNAm was analyzed using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 or HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip Kit in 3 independent cohorts: blood from 383 Grady Trauma Project subjects, brain from 21 neurosurgery patients, and blood from 87 inpatients with and without delirium. Both blood and brain samples showed that most of the DNAm of neurotrophic genes were positively correlated with age. Furthermore, DNAm of neurotrophic genes was more positively correlated with age in delirium cases than in non-delirium controls. These findings support our hypothesis that the neurotrophic genes may be epigenetically modulated with age, and this process may be contributing to the pathophysiology of delirium.
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27
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Lai RW, Lu R, Danthi PS, Bravo JI, Goumba A, Sampathkumar NK, Benayoun BA. Multi-level remodeling of transcriptional landscapes in aging and longevity. BMB Rep 2019. [PMID: 30526773 PMCID: PMC6386224 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2019.52.1.296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In multi-cellular organisms, the control of gene expression is key not only for development, but also for adult cellular homeostasis, and gene expression has been observed to be deregulated with aging. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the transcriptional alterations that have been described to occur with age in metazoans. First, we discuss age-related transcriptional changes in protein-coding genes, the expected functional impact of such changes, and how known pro-longevity interventions impact these changes. Second, we discuss the changes and impact of emerging aspects of transcription in aging, including age-related changes in splicing, lncRNAs and circRNAs. Third, we discuss the changes and potential impact of transcription of transposable elements with aging. Fourth, we highlight small ncRNAs and their potential impact on the regulation of aging phenotypes. Understanding the aging transcriptome will be key to identify important regulatory targets, and ultimately slow-down or reverse aging and extend healthy lifespan in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle W Lai
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Ryan Lu
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Prakroothi S Danthi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Juan I Bravo
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; Graduate program in the Biology of Aging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Alexandre Goumba
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | | | - Bérénice A Benayoun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089; USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Los Angeles, CA 90089; USC Stem Cell Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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28
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Harman MF, Martín MG. Epigenetic mechanisms related to cognitive decline during aging. J Neurosci Res 2019; 98:234-246. [PMID: 31045277 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a hallmark of the aging nervous system, characterized by increasing memory loss and a deterioration of mental capacity, which in turn creates a favorable context for the development of neurodegenerative diseases. One of the most detrimental alterations that occur at the molecular level in the brain during aging is the modification of the epigenetic mechanisms that control gene expression. As a result of these epigenetic-driven changes in the transcriptome most of the functions of the brain including synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory decline with aging. The epigenetic mechanisms altered during aging include DNA methylation, histone modifications, nucleosome remodeling, and microRNA-mediated gene regulation. In this review, we examine the current evidence concerning the changes of epigenetic modifications together with the molecular mechanisms underlying impaired neuronal gene transcription during aging. Herein, we discuss the alterations of DNA methylation pattern that occur in old neurons. We will also describe the most prominent age-related histone posttranslational modifications in the brain since changes in acetylation and methylation of specific lysine residues on H3 and H4 are associated to functional decline in the old. In addition, we discuss the role that changes in the levels of certain miRNAs would play in cognitive decline with aging. Finally, we provide an overview about the mechanisms either extrinsic or intrinsic that would trigger epigenetic changes in the aging brain, and the consequences of these changes, i.e., altered transcriptional profile and reactivation of transposable elements in old brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- María F Harman
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mauricio G Martín
- Instituto Ferreyra, INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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29
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Dyer M, Phipps AJ, Mitew S, Taberlay PC, Woodhouse A. Age, but Not Amyloidosis, Induced Changes in Global Levels of Histone Modifications in Susceptible and Disease-Resistant Neurons in Alzheimer's Disease Model Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:68. [PMID: 31001106 PMCID: PMC6456813 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the role of epigenetic alterations in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The epigenome of every cell type is distinct, yet data regarding epigenetic change in specific cell types in aging and AD is limited. We investigated histone tail modifications in neuronal subtypes in wild-type and APP/PS1 mice at 3 (pre-pathology), 6 (pathology-onset) and 12 (pathology-rich) months of age. In neurofilament (NF)-positive pyramidal neurons (vulnerable to AD pathology), and in calretinin-labeled interneurons (resistant to AD pathology) there were no global alterations in histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (H3K4me3), histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) or histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) in APP/PS1 compared to wild-type mice at any age. Interestingly, age-related changes in the presence of H3K27ac and H3K27me3 were detected in NF-labeled pyramidal neurons and calretinin-positive interneurons, respectively. These data suggest that the global levels of histone modifications change with age, whilst amyloid plaque deposition and its sequelae do not result in global alterations of H3K4me3, H3K27ac and H3K27me3 in NF-positive pyramidal neurons or calretinin-labeled interneurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Dyer
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Andrew J Phipps
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Stanislaw Mitew
- Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Phillippa C Taberlay
- School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Adele Woodhouse
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
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30
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Harrison DE, Strong R, Alavez S, Astle CM, DiGiovanni J, Fernandez E, Flurkey K, Garratt M, Gelfond JAL, Javors MA, Levi M, Lithgow GJ, Macchiarini F, Nelson JF, Sukoff Rizzo SJ, Slaga TJ, Stearns T, Wilkinson JE, Miller RA. Acarbose improves health and lifespan in aging HET3 mice. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12898. [PMID: 30688027 PMCID: PMC6413665 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
To follow-up on our previous report that acarbose (ACA), a drug that blocks postprandial glucose spikes, increases mouse lifespan, we studied ACA at three doses: 400, 1,000 (the original dose), and 2,500 ppm, using genetically heterogeneous mice at three sites. Each dose led to a significant change (by log-rank test) in both sexes, with larger effects in males, consistent with the original report. There were no significant differences among the three doses. The two higher doses produced 16% or 17% increases in median longevity of males, but only 4% or 5% increases in females. Age at the 90th percentile was increased significantly (8%-11%) in males at each dose, but was significantly increased (3%) in females only at 1,000 ppm. The sex effect on longevity is not explained simply by weight or fat mass, which were reduced by ACA more in females than in males. ACA at 1,000 ppm reduced lung tumors in males, diminished liver degeneration in both sexes and glomerulosclerosis in females, reduced blood glucose responses to refeeding in males, and improved rotarod performance in aging females, but not males. Three other interventions were also tested: ursolic acid, 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazole (HBX), and INT-767; none of these affected lifespan at the doses tested. The acarbose results confirm and extend our original report, prompt further attention to the effects of transient periods of high blood glucose on aging and the diseases of aging, including cancer, and should motivate studies of acarbose and other glucose-control drugs in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Randy Strong
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterSouth Texas Veterans Health Care SystemSan AntonioTexas
- Research ServiceSouth Texas Veterans Health Care SystemSan AntonioTexas
- Department of PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | - Silvestre Alavez
- Buck Institute for Research on AgingNovatoCalifornia
- Metropolitan Autonomous UniversityLermaMexico
| | | | | | - Elizabeth Fernandez
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterSouth Texas Veterans Health Care SystemSan AntonioTexas
- Department of PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | | | - Michael Garratt
- Department of PathologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
- Geriatrics CenterUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Jonathan A. L. Gelfond
- Department of Epidemiology & BiostatisticsThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | - Martin A. Javors
- Department of PsychiatryThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | - Moshe Levi
- Georgetown UniversityWashingtonDistrict of Columbia
| | | | | | - James F. Nelson
- Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging StudiesThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
- Department of PhysiologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | | | - Thomas J. Slaga
- Department of PharmacologyThe University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTexas
| | | | - John Erby Wilkinson
- Unit for Laboratory Animal Medicine and Department of PathologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
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31
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Molina-Serrano D, Kyriakou D, Kirmizis A. Histone Modifications as an Intersection Between Diet and Longevity. Front Genet 2019; 10:192. [PMID: 30915107 PMCID: PMC6422915 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone modifications are key epigenetic regulators that control chromatin structure and gene transcription, thereby impacting on various important cellular phenotypes. Over the past decade, a growing number of studies have indicated that changes in various histone modifications have a significant influence on the aging process. Furthermore, it has been revealed that the abundance and localization of histone modifications are responsive to various environmental stimuli, such as diet, which can also affect gene expression and lifespan. This supports the notion that histone modifications can serve as a main cellular platform for signal integration. Hence, in this review we focus on the role of histone modifications during aging, report the data indicating that diet affects histone modification levels and explore the idea that histone modifications may function as an intersection through which diet regulates lifespan. A greater understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms that link environmental signals to longevity may provide new strategies for therapeutic intervention in age-related diseases and for promoting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Molina-Serrano
- UMR 6290, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Rennes, France
- Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - Dimitris Kyriakou
- Efevre Tech Ltd., Larnaca, Cyprus
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Antonis Kirmizis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
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32
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Kane AE, Sinclair DA. Epigenetic changes during aging and their reprogramming potential. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 54:61-83. [PMID: 30822165 PMCID: PMC6424622 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2019.1570075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aging process results in significant epigenetic changes at all levels of chromatin and DNA organization. These include reduced global heterochromatin, nucleosome remodeling and loss, changes in histone marks, global DNA hypomethylation with CpG island hypermethylation, and the relocalization of chromatin modifying factors. Exactly how and why these changes occur is not fully understood, but evidence that these epigenetic changes affect longevity and may cause aging, is growing. Excitingly, new studies show that age-related epigenetic changes can be reversed with interventions such as cyclic expression of the Yamanaka reprogramming factors. This review presents a summary of epigenetic changes that occur in aging, highlights studies indicating that epigenetic changes may contribute to the aging process and outlines the current state of research into interventions to reprogram age-related epigenetic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice E. Kane
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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33
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Lai RW, Lu R, Danthi PS, Bravo JI, Goumba A, Sampathkumar NK, Benayoun BA. Multi-level remodeling of transcriptional landscapes in aging and longevity. BMB Rep 2019; 52:86-108. [PMID: 30526773 PMCID: PMC6386224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In multi-cellular organisms, the control of gene expression is key not only for development, but also for adult cellular homeostasis, and gene expression has been observed to be deregulated with aging. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on the transcriptional alterations that have been described to occur with age in metazoans. First, we discuss age-related transcriptional changes in protein-coding genes, the expected functional impact of such changes, and how known pro-longevity interventions impact these changes. Second, we discuss the changes and impact of emerging aspects of transcription in aging, including age-related changes in splicing, lncRNAs and circRNAs. Third, we discuss the changes and potential impact of transcription of transposable elements with aging. Fourth, we highlight small ncRNAs and their potential impact on the regulation of aging phenotypes. Understanding the aging transcriptome will be key to identify important regulatory targets, and ultimately slow-down or reverse aging and extend healthy lifespan in humans. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(1): 86-108].
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prakroothi S. Danthi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
| | - Juan I. Bravo
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
- Graduate program in the Biology of Aging, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
| | - Alexandre Goumba
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
| | | | - Bérénice A. Benayoun
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
- USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
- USC Stem Cell Initiative, Los Angeles, CA 90089,
USA
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34
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Shinozaki G, Braun PR, Hing BWQ, Ratanatharathorn A, Klisares MJ, Duncan GN, Jellison SS, Heinzman JT, Nagahama Y, Close L, Sabbagh S, Dlouhy BJ, Howard MA, Kawasaki H, Cho HR. Epigenetics of Delirium and Aging: Potential Role of DNA Methylation Change on Cytokine Genes in Glia and Blood Along With Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:311. [PMID: 30405391 PMCID: PMC6206747 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Delirium in elderly patients is common and dangerous. Major risk factors include aging and exogenous insults, such as infection or surgery. In animal models, aging enhances pro-inflammatory cytokine release from microglia in response to exogenous insults. The epigenetic mechanism DNA methylation (DNAm) regulates gene expression and changes with age. Older individuals may have methylation changes that influence the increased cytokine upon insult, but the degree to which aging affects DNAm of cytokine genes is not fully understood. Methods: The relationship between DNAm and aging of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (TNF-alpha, IL1-beta, IL-6) was investigated using methylation array data in two cohorts. Brain and blood samples were collected from a neurosurgery cohort (NSG) of 21 subjects who underwent brain resection. A second cohort, the Grady Trauma Project (GTP), included blood samples from 265 subjects. Results: In the NSG cohort, a significant negative correlation between age and DNAm in brain was found at a CpG in IL-6. With the GTP dataset, significant negative correlations between age and DNAm were seen at most of the CpGs in TNF-alpha. Also, TNF-Alpha expression increases with age. These GTP DNAm correlations were also nominally significant in NSG blood samples. In neuronal negative NSG brain tissue, a similar negative trend was observed. Conclusions: With aging, a decrease in DNAm of cytokines gene CpGs in glia and blood was seen. As this can affect their expression, additional research is needed to fully elucidate the role of DNAm in aging and how it may influence the pathogenesis of delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Shinozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Patricia R. Braun
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Benjamin W. Q. Hing
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Andrew Ratanatharathorn
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mason J. Klisares
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gabrielle N. Duncan
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sydney S. Jellison
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Jonathan T. Heinzman
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Yasunori Nagahama
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Liesl Close
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Sayeh Sabbagh
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Brian J. Dlouhy
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Matthew A. Howard
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hyunkeun R. Cho
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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36
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Corso-Díaz X, Jaeger C, Chaitankar V, Swaroop A. Epigenetic control of gene regulation during development and disease: A view from the retina. Prog Retin Eye Res 2018; 65:1-27. [PMID: 29544768 PMCID: PMC6054546 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Complex biological processes, such as organogenesis and homeostasis, are stringently regulated by genetic programs that are fine-tuned by epigenetic factors to establish cell fates and/or to respond to the microenvironment. Gene regulatory networks that guide cell differentiation and function are modulated and stabilized by modifications to DNA, RNA and proteins. In this review, we focus on two key epigenetic changes - DNA methylation and histone modifications - and discuss their contribution to retinal development, aging and disease, especially in the context of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy. We highlight less-studied roles of DNA methylation and provide the RNA expression profiles of epigenetic enzymes in human and mouse retina in comparison to other tissues. We also review computational tools and emergent technologies to profile, analyze and integrate epigenetic information. We suggest implementation of editing tools and single-cell technologies to trace and perturb the epigenome for delineating its role in transcriptional regulation. Finally, we present our thoughts on exciting avenues for exploring epigenome in retinal metabolism, disease modeling, and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Corso-Díaz
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Catherine Jaeger
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Vijender Chaitankar
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Anand Swaroop
- Neurobiology-Neurodegeneration & Repair Laboratory, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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37
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Ruan L, Zhang X, Li R. Recent insights into the cellular and molecular determinants of aging. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/3/jcs210831. [PMID: 29420249 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.210831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is the gradual decline of physiological functions and organismal fitness, which leads to age-dependent fitness loss, diseases and eventually mortality. Understanding the cause of aging constitutes one of most intriguing areas of research in biology. On both the cellular and molecular levels, it has been hypothesized that there are aging determinants to control the onset and progression of aging, including the loss of beneficial components and accumulation of detrimental factors. This Review highlights the recent advance in identifying various factors that affect the aging process, focusing on how these determinants affect the lifespan and fitness of a cell or organism. With more and more aging determinants revealed, further understanding about their functions and interconnections could enable the development of specific intervention to extend healthy lifespan and reduce the risk of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Ruan
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology (BCMB) Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Xi Zhang
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Rong Li
- Center for Cell Dynamics, Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 855 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA .,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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38
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More SV, Choi DK. Emerging preclinical pharmacological targets for Parkinson's disease. Oncotarget 2018; 7:29835-63. [PMID: 26988916 PMCID: PMC5045437 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological condition caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia. It is the most prevalent form of Parkinsonism, categorized by cardinal features such as bradykinesia, rigidity, tremors, and postural instability. Due to the multicentric pathology of PD involving inflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, apoptosis, and protein aggregation, it has become difficult to pin-point a single therapeutic target and evaluate its potential application. Currently available drugs for treating PD provide only symptomatic relief and do not decrease or avert disease progression resulting in poor patient satisfaction and compliance. Significant amount of understanding concerning the pathophysiology of PD has offered a range of potential targets for PD. Several emerging targets including AAV-hAADC gene therapy, phosphodiesterase-4, potassium channels, myeloperoxidase, acetylcholinesterase, MAO-B, dopamine, A2A, mGlu5, and 5-HT-1A/1B receptors are in different stages of clinical development. Additionally, alternative interventions such as deep brain stimulation, thalamotomy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, and gamma knife surgery, are also being developed for patients with advanced PD. As much as these therapeutic targets hold potential to delay the onset and reverse the disease, more targets and alternative interventions need to be examined in different stages of PD. In this review, we discuss various emerging preclinical pharmacological targets that may serve as a new promising neuroprotective strategy that could actually help alleviate PD and its symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Vasant More
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
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Vadla R, Haldar D. Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) controls glycolytic gene expression by regulating Histone H3 Lysine 56 acetylation. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:110-123. [PMID: 29143563 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1404207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer cells, but the mechanisms are not well understood. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2) controls cell growth and proliferation and plays a critical role in metabolic reprogramming in glioma. mTORC2 regulates cellular processes such as cell survival, metabolism, and proliferation by phosphorylation of AGC kinases. Components of mTORC2 are shown to localize to the nucleus, but whether mTORC2 modulates epigenetic modifications to regulate gene expression is not known. Here, we identified histone H3 lysine 56 acetylation (H3K56Ac) is regulated by mTORC2 and show that global H3K56Ac levels were downregulated on mTORC2 knockdown but not on mTORC1 knockdown. mTORC2 promotes H3K56Ac in a tuberous sclerosis complex 1/2 (TSC1/2) mediated signaling pathway. We show that knockdown of sirtuin6 (SIRT6) prevented H3K56 deacetylation in mTORC2 depleted cells. Using glioma model consisting of U87EGFRvIII cells, we established that mTORC2 promotes H3K56Ac in glioma. Finally, we show that mTORC2 regulates the expression of glycolytic genes by regulating H3K56Ac levels at the promoters of these genes in glioma cells and depletion of mTOR leads to increased recruitment of SIRT6 to these promoters. Collectively, these results identify mTORC2 signaling pathway positively promotes H3K56Ac through which it may mediate metabolic reprogramming in glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghavendra Vadla
- a Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics , Survey Nos. 728, 729, 730 & 734, Opposite Uppal Water Tank, Beside BSNL T E Building, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039 , Ranga Reddy District , India.,b Graduate Studies , Manipal University , Manipal , India
| | - Devyani Haldar
- a Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics , Survey Nos. 728, 729, 730 & 734, Opposite Uppal Water Tank, Beside BSNL T E Building, Uppal, Hyderabad 500039 , Ranga Reddy District , India
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Abstract
The ageing trajectory is plastic and can be slowed down by lifestyle factors, including good nutrition, adequate physical activity and avoidance of smoking. In humans, plant-based diets such as the Mediterranean dietary pattern are associated with healthier ageing and lower risk of age-related disease, whereas obesity accelerates ageing and increases the likelihood of most common complex diseases including CVD, T2D, dementia, musculoskeletal diseases and several cancers. As yet, there is only weak evidence in humans about the molecular mechanisms through which dietary factors modulate ageing but evidence from cell systems and animal models suggest that it is probable that better dietary choices influence all 9 hallmarks of ageing. It seems likely that better eating patterns retard ageing in at least two ways including (i) by reducing pervasive damaging processes such as inflammation, oxidative stress/redox changes and metabolic stress and (ii) by enhancing cellular capacities for damage management and repair. From a societal perspective, there is an urgent imperative to discover, and to implement, cost-effective lifestyle (especially dietary) interventions which enable each of us to age well, i.e. to remain physically and socially active and independent and to minimise the period towards the end of life when individuals suffer from frailty and multi-morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona C Malcomson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - John C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
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Ibrahim O, Sutherland HG, Haupt LM, Griffiths LR. An emerging role for epigenetic factors in relation to executive function. Brief Funct Genomics 2017; 17:170-180. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elx032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Abstract
Stem cell aging and exhaustion are considered important drivers of organismal aging. Age-associated declines in stem cell function are characterized by metabolic and epigenetic changes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these changes will likely reveal novel therapeutic targets for ameliorating age-associated phenotypes and for prolonging human healthspan. Recent studies have shown that metabolism plays an important role in regulating epigenetic modifications and that this regulation dramatically affects the aging process. This review focuses on current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of stem cell aging, and the links between cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation. In addition, we discuss how these interactions sense and respond to environmental stress in order to maintain stem cell homeostasis, and how environmental stimuli regulate stem cell function. Additionally, we highlight recent advances in the development of therapeutic strategies to rejuvenate dysfunctional aged stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Ren
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Alejandro Ocampo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Field AE, Adams PD. Targeting chromatin aging - The epigenetic impact of longevity-associated interventions. Exp Gerontol 2016; 94:29-33. [PMID: 27986499 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A rapidly growing body of evidence has shown that chromatin undergoes radical alterations as an organism ages, but how these changes relate to aging itself is an open question. It is likely that these processes contribute to genomic instability and loss of transcriptional fidelity, which in turn drives deleterious age-related phenotypes. Interventions associated with increased healthspan and longevity such as reduced insulin/IGF signalling (IIS), inhibition of mTOR and energy depletion resulting in SIRT1/AMPK activation, all have beneficial effects which ameliorate multiple facets of age-associated decline. The impact of these interventions on the epigenome is less certain. In this review we highlight the potential of these interventions to act directly upon the epigenome and promote a youthful chromatin landscape, maintaining genetic and transcriptional memory throughout the lifecourse. We propose that this is a fundamental mechanism through which these interventions are able to curtail the incidence of age-related disease. By revisiting these well characterised interventions, we may be able to identify targetable effectors of chromatin function and use this knowledge to enhance healthspan and longevity in human populations through the measured application of dietary and small molecule interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam E Field
- University of Glasgow, CRUK Beatson Institute, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter D Adams
- University of Glasgow, CRUK Beatson Institute, United Kingdom
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Gong H, Sun L, Chen B, Han Y, Pang J, Wu W, Qi R, Zhang TM. Evaluation of candidate reference genes for RT-qPCR studies in three metabolism related tissues of mice after caloric restriction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38513. [PMID: 27922100 PMCID: PMC5138604 DOI: 10.1038/srep38513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a routine method for gene expression analysis, and reliable results depend on proper normalization by stable reference genes. Caloric restriction (CR) is a robust lifestyle intervention to slow aging and delay onset of age-associated diseases via inducing global changes in gene expression. Reliable normalization of RT-qPCR data becomes crucial in CR studies. In this study, the expression stability of 12 candidate reference genes were evaluated in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), skeletal muscle (Sk.M) and liver of CR mice by using three algorithms, geNorm, NormFinder, and Bestkeeper. Our results showed β2m, Ppia and Hmbs as the most stable genes in iWAT, Sk.M and liver, respectively. Moreover, two reference genes were sufficient to normalize RT-qPCR data in each tissue and the suitable pair of reference genes was β2m-Hprt in iWAT, Ppia-Gusb in Sk.M and Hmbs-β2m in liver. By contrast, the least stable gene in iWAT or Sk.M was Gapdh, and in liver was Pgk1. Furthermore, the expression of Leptin and Ppar-γ were profiled in these tissues to validate the selected reference genes. Our data provided a basis for gene expression analysis in future CR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gong
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Liang Sun
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Beidong Chen
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yiwen Han
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Pang
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wu
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Tie-Mei Zhang
- The MOH key laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, P.R. China
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Garza-Lombó C, Gonsebatt ME. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin: Its Role in Early Neural Development and in Adult and Aged Brain Function. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:157. [PMID: 27378854 PMCID: PMC4910040 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The kinase mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) integrates signals triggered by energy, stress, oxygen levels, and growth factors. It regulates ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation, nutrient metabolism, and autophagy. mTOR participates in various functions of the brain, such as synaptic plasticity, adult neurogenesis, memory, and learning. mTOR is present during early neural development and participates in axon and dendrite development, neuron differentiation, and gliogenesis, among other processes. Furthermore, mTOR has been shown to modulate lifespan in multiple organisms. This protein is an important energy sensor that is present throughout our lifetime its role must be precisely described in order to develop therapeutic strategies and prevent diseases of the central nervous system. The aim of this review is to present our current understanding of the functions of mTOR in neural development, the adult brain and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Garza-Lombó
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México México
| | - María E Gonsebatt
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México México
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Abstract
With ever-increasing elder population, the high incidence of age-related diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders has turned out to be a huge public concern. Especially the elders and their families dreadfully suffer from the learning, behavioral and cognitive impairments. The lack of effective therapies for such a horrible symptom makes a great demanding for biological mechanism study for cognitive aging. Epigenetics is an emerging field that broadens the dimensions of mammalian genome blueprint. It is, unlike genetics, not only inheritable but also reversible. Recent studies suggest that DNA methylation, one of major epigenetic mechanisms, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerations and cognitive defects. In this review, the evolving knowledge of age-related cognitive functions and the potential DNA methylation mechanism of cognitive aging are discussed. That indicates the impairment of DNA methylation may be a crucial but reversible mechanism of behavioral and cognitive related neurodegeneration. The methods to examine the dynamics of DNA methylation patterns at tissue and single cell level and at the representative scale as well as the whole genome single base resolution are also briefly discussed. Importantly, the challenges of DNA methylation mechanism of cognitive aging research are brought up, and the possible solutions to tackle these difficulties are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangru Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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