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Yadav VS, Bhatia A, Yadav R, Makker K, Singh DK, Mir RA. Effect of initial periodontal therapy on metallothionein levels in smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00937-x. [PMID: 38587608 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on mRNA expression of metallothionein (MT) and its levels in serum, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of smokers (S) and non-smokers (NS) with periodontitis (P).A total of 100 participants were included: 48 periodontally healthy (PH) subjects (24 S [PH + S] and 24 NS [PH + NS]) and 52 patients with P (27 S [P + S] and 25 NS [P + NS]). Clinical parameters were recorded, and biofluids (serum, saliva and GCF) and gingival tissue samples were obtained at baseline in all groups and 3 months after NSPT in P groups. MT levels in biofluids were determined by ELISA. In gingival tissues, MT-mRNA expression was quantified using real-time PCR. mRNA expression of MT and its levels in biofluids were significantly higher in P + S compared to other groups, and the differences between P + NS and PH + S were non-significant. A significant decrease was observed for MT levels in biofluids, and MT-mRNA expression in periodontitis patients after NSPT. In conclusion, smoking and periodontitis are associated with higher MT expression which decreases after NSPT. MT as an oxidative stress biomarker and its therapeutic role in periodontitis should be investigated in future studies.Clinical trial registration: The study was prospectively registered at Clinical Trials Registry-India (ctri.nic.in) as CTRI/2018/08/015427 on August 23, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikender Singh Yadav
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Anu Bhatia
- PRIMSR Hospital, SRM University, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Rakhee Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanika Makker
- Division of Periodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Riyaz Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Veljovic T, Djuric M, Mirnic J, Gusic I, Maletin A, Ivic S, Stojilkovic M, Brkic S. Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Treatment on Salivary and Plasma Superoxide Dismutase Levels of Patients Suffering from Periodontitis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6688. [PMID: 37892826 PMCID: PMC10607828 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant capacity is frequently measured by evaluating superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration in body fluids. The aim of this study was to compare SOD concentrations in the saliva and plasma of patients with periodontitis to those measured in a group of patients with healthy periodontium, as well as to evaluate the influence of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on salivary and plasma SOD in periodontitis patients. For this purpose, 40 systemically healthy patients aged 30-70 years who had at least 20 teeth were recruited, 20 of whom had periodontitis, and 20 served as healthy periodontitis-free controls. In all participants, periodontal status was assessed via the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), papilla bleeding index (PIB), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL), and the SOD concentration in both saliva and plasma was determined by conducting a commercial immunoenzymatic ELISA test. In periodontitis patients, periodontal indices and saliva and blood samples were taken at the beginning of the study, as well as 3 months after periodontal therapy, while in the control group, these data were gathered at the beginning of the study only. SOD values in the saliva of patients with periodontitis (0.244 U/µL) were statistically significantly higher compared with patients with healthy periodontium (0.017 U/µL). Moreover, periodontal therapy led to a statistically significant decrease in this marker in the saliva of patients with periodontitis (p = 0.023), which was comparable with that measured in the control group. On the other hand, no statistically significant differences were noted in plasma SOD values either between the two groups or at follow-up compared with baseline in the group with periodontitis. These findings suggest that the elevated salivary SOD in patients with periodontal disease may represent a mechanism of tissue protection against oxidative stress that occurs in response to periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Veljovic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Milanko Djuric
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mirnic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Ivana Gusic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Maletin
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Stojan Ivic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
- Dentistry Clinic of Vojvodina, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Stojilkovic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Snezana Brkic
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (M.D.); (J.M.); (I.G.); (A.M.); (S.I.); (M.S.); (S.B.)
- Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Oyama A, Takaki A, Adachi T, Wada N, Takeuchi Y, Onishi H, Shiraha H, Okada H, Otsuka M. Oxidative stress-related markers as prognostic factors for patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis in Japan. Hepatol Int 2023; 17:1215-1224. [PMID: 37493884 PMCID: PMC10522747 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-023-10557-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare chronic liver disease. The mechanisms and prediction of PSC progression are unclear. Recent investigations have shown that general conditions, such as oxidative stress, affect the course of chronic diseases. We investigated the clinical course and oxidative stress-related condition of PSC to determine prognostic factors. METHODS We recruited 58 patients with PSC (mean age; 37.4 years, mean observation period; 1382 days) who visited our department from 2003 to 2021. Clinical characteristics were investigated to define prognostic factors. Oxidative stress status was evaluated using two types of markers: an oxidative stress marker (serum reactive oxygen metabolite; dROM) and an antioxidant marker (serum OXY adsorbent test; OXY). RESULTS The revised Mayo risk, Child-Pugh, model for end-stage liver disease-sodium (MELD-Na) scores or fibrosis-related FIB-4 index significantly predicted poor overall survival. High intestinal immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels predicted poor survival. Among patients with high and intermediate revised Mayo risk scores, those with physiologically high dROM levels showed better survival than those with lower dROM levels. In this population, dROM was negatively correlated with AST and IgA, which are both correlated with survival. CONCLUSIONS High and intermediate revised Mayo risk score group predicted a poor clinical course in PSC. Additionally, the Child-Pugh score, MELD-Na score, FIB-4 index, and serum IgA were significantly correlated with survival. In patients with high and intermediate revised Mayo risk scores, physiologically high oxidative stress status correlated with low IgA levels and a good prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Oyama
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akinobu Takaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| | - Takuya Adachi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Nozomu Wada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Yasuto Takeuchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hideki Onishi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hidenori Shiraha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Otsuka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
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Sato S, Kamata Y, Kessoku T, Shimizu T, Kobayashi T, Kurihashi T, Takashiba S, Hatanaka K, Hamada N, Kodama T, Higurashi T, Taguri M, Yoneda M, Usuda H, Wada K, Nakajima A, Morozumi T, Minabe M. A cross-sectional study assessing the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and periodontal disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13621. [PMID: 35948584 PMCID: PMC9365789 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk factors for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression are not completely known. Porphyromonas gingivalis infection is a risk factor for systemic diseases. We investigated the association of P. gingivalis infection with the risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis progression. Here, hematological tests, periodontal examination, and saliva collection were performed for 164 patients with NAFLD. P. gingivalis was identified in saliva using polymerase chain reaction. Hepatic steatosis and stiffness were evaluated using vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) and magnetic resonance imaging. In patients with NAFLD, P. gingivalis positivity (P. gingivalis ratio ≥ 0.01%) in saliva correlated with liver stiffness determined using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE; p < 0.0001). A P. gingivalis ratio of 0.01% corresponds to 100,000 cells/mL and indicates the proportion of P. gingivalis in the total number of bacteria in the oral cavity. Patients with NAFLD and advanced fibrosis on MRE showed significantly elevated endotoxin activity; those who had > 10 periodontal pockets with depths ≥ 4 mm had significantly increased hepatic stiffness on both VCTE and MRE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satsuki Sato
- Department of Highly Advanced Oral Stomatology, Yokohama Clinic, Kanagawa Dental University, 3-31-6 Tsuruya-cho, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
| | - Yohei Kamata
- Department of Highly Advanced Oral Stomatology, Yokohama Clinic, Kanagawa Dental University, 3-31-6 Tsuruya-cho, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan.
| | - Takaomi Kessoku
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shimizu
- Department of Highly Advanced Oral Stomatology, Yokohama Clinic, Kanagawa Dental University, 3-31-6 Tsuruya-cho, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Takeo Kurihashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yokohama Clinic, Kanagawa Dental University, 3-31-6 Tsuruya-cho, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
| | - Shogo Takashiba
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Kazu Hatanaka
- Department of Pathophysiology-Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Toshiro Kodama
- Department of Implantology and Periodontology, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 3-31-6 Tsuruya-cho, Kanagawa, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-0835, Japan
| | - Takuma Higurashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masataka Taguri
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Masato Yoneda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Haruki Usuda
- Department of Pharmacology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho Izumo, Shimane, 693-0581, Japan
| | - Koichiro Wada
- Department of Pharmacology, Shimane University School of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho Izumo, Shimane, 693-0581, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan
| | - Toshiya Morozumi
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
| | - Masato Minabe
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 238-8580, Japan
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Antioxidant Effects of Curcumin Gel in Experimental Induced Diabetes and Periodontitis in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7278064. [PMID: 35592526 PMCID: PMC9113860 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7278064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of curcumin gel on antioxidant marker level in experimental induced diabetes and periodontitis (EDP) in rats. Adult Wistar rats were randomized into five groups (20 each): (1) EDP treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) + curcumin gel (CU), (2) EDP treated with CU, (3) EDP treated with SRP, (4) EDP without treatment, and (5) systemically healthy and without ligature (control). Each group was subdivided equally into 4 subgroups of 5 rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), and periodontitis was induced by a ligature. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days to assess oxidative stress of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), and suproxidase dismutase (SOD) levels. The results showed a significant increase in serum MDA and antioxidant enzyme levels in the untreated EDP group compared to the control group (
). The adjuvant use of CU to SRP resulted in a significant reduction of MDA and CAT levels as compared to the SRP group (
); however, significant reduction of GPX and SOD levels can be found only at day 7. It can be concluded that the decreased level of antioxidant enzymes can be construed as a result of decreased oxidative stress by curcumin therapy.
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2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside Attenuates Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent Inflammation and Apoptosis in Porphyromonas gingivalis-Infected Brain Endothelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040740. [PMID: 35453424 PMCID: PMC9024880 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that the periodontopathic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) initiates an inflammatory cascade that disrupts the balance of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in apoptotic cell death in brain endothelial cells. An extract from Polygonum multiflorum Thunb., 2,3,5,4′-Tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside (THSG) has been well-reported to diminish the inflammation in many disease models. However, the effects of THSG in the area of the brain–oral axis is unknown. In this study, we examined the effects of THSG in P. gingivalis-stimulated inflammatory response and apoptotic cell death in brain endothelial cells. THSG treatment remarkably lessened the upregulation of IL-1β and TNF-α proteins in bEnd.3 cells infected with P. gingivalis. Treatment of THSG further ameliorated brain endothelial cell death, including apoptosis caused by P. gingivalis. Moreover, the present study showed that the inhibitory effects on NF-κB p65 and antiapoptotic properties of THSG is through inhibiting the ROS pathway. Importantly, the ROS inhibitory potency of THSG is similar to a ROS scavenger N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine (NAC) and NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin. Furthermore, the protective effect of THSG from P. gingivalis infection was further confirmed in primary mouse brain endothelial cells. Taken together, this study indicates that THSG attenuates an ROS-dependent inflammatory response and cell apoptosis in P. gingivalis-infected brain endothelial cells. Our results also suggest that THSG could be a potential herbal medicine to prevent the risk of developing cerebrovascular diseases from infection of periodontal bacteria.
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Marconcini S, Giammarinaro E, Cosola S, Oldoini G, Genovesi A, Covani U. Effects of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Reactive Oxygen Metabolites and Glycemic Control in Diabetic Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1056. [PMID: 34208802 PMCID: PMC8300765 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal infection may contribute to poor glycemic control and systemic inflammation in diabetic patients. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of non-surgical periodontal treatment in diabetic patients by measuring oxidative stress outcomes. METHODS Sixty diabetic patients with periodontitis were enrolled, treated with scaling and full-mouth disinfection, and randomly prescribed chlorhexidine mouthwash, antioxidant mouthwash, or ozone therapy. Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), periodontal parameters, and glycated hemoglobin were measured at baseline and then at 1, 3, and 6 months after. RESULTS At baseline, all patients presented with pathologic levels of plasmatic ROM (388 ± 21.36 U CARR), higher than the normal population. Probing depth, plaque index, and bleeding on probing values showed significant clinical improvements after treatment, accompanied by significant reductions of plasma ROM levels (p < 0.05). At the 6-month evaluation, the mean ROM relapsed to 332 ± 31.76 U CARR. Glycated hemoglobin decreased significantly (∆ = -0.52 units) after treatment. Both the test groups showed longer-lasting improvements of periodontal parameters. CONCLUSION In diabetic patients, periodontal treatment was effective at reducing plasma ROM, which is an indicator of systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. The treatment of periodontal infection might facilitate glycemic control and decrease systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Marconcini
- Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy; (S.M.); (S.C.); (G.O.); (A.G.); (U.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, Unicamillus International Medical University, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Giammarinaro
- Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy; (S.M.); (S.C.); (G.O.); (A.G.); (U.C.)
| | - Saverio Cosola
- Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy; (S.M.); (S.C.); (G.O.); (A.G.); (U.C.)
| | - Giacomo Oldoini
- Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy; (S.M.); (S.C.); (G.O.); (A.G.); (U.C.)
| | - Annamaria Genovesi
- Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy; (S.M.); (S.C.); (G.O.); (A.G.); (U.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, Unicamillus International Medical University, 00100 Rome, Italy
| | - Ugo Covani
- Department of Stomatology, Tuscan Stomatologic Institute, Foundation for Dental Clinic, Research and Continuing Education, 55041 Camaiore, Italy; (S.M.); (S.C.); (G.O.); (A.G.); (U.C.)
- Department of Dentistry, Unicamillus International Medical University, 00100 Rome, Italy
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Lütfioğlu M, Sakallıoğlu U, Sakallıoğlu EE, Özden FO, Ürkmez SS, Bilgici B. Effects of smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid levels of interleukin-17A, interleukin-17E, and oxidative stress following periodontal treatment process. J Periodontal Res 2021; 56:388-396. [PMID: 33458831 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND BACKGROUND How smoking affects periodontal inflammation and healing still needs to be revealed with all its mechanisms. In this study, the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of: (a) interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and interleukin-17E(IL-17E) with their ratios and (b) oxidative stress by means of total oxidative stress (TOS), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAOC), and their ratios as the oxidative stress index (OSI) were evaluated and compared for smoking and non-smoking periodontitis patients after a periodontitis management process including both the non-surgical and surgical treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifteen smoker and 15 non-smoker generalized periodontitis patients as 2 distinct groups participated in the study. Conventional clinical and radiographical examinations were utilized for the periodontitis diagnosis. The clinical data and GCF samples were collected at baseline, 4 week after non-surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT), and 4 weeks after surgical periodontal treatment (SPT). IL-17A, IL-17E, TOS, and TAOC were determined by ELISA and Rel Assay. RESULTS Clinical parameters in both smokers and non-smokers improved following periodontal treatment (P < .001) and their clinical data were similar for all the examination times (baseline, NSPT, and SPT) (P > .05). Following the treatment phases, the IL-17A concentration decreased and the IL-17E concentration increased in both the smokers and non-smokers (P < .01). The total amount of IL-17A decreased while the total amount of IL-17E increased in smokers throughout NSPT and SPT (P < .01). Such an alteration was seen only at SPT compared to NSPT and baseline in non-smokers (P < .01). The concentration and total amount of IL-17A were higher at baseline, and the concentration and total amount of IL-17E were lower at all examination time points in non-smokers as compared to smokers (P < .01). The 17A/E ratio decreased in both groups following the treatment phases and was higher in smokers at all the examination times (P < .01). TOS were higher and TAOC were lower in smokers versus non-smokers at all the time points, but the differences were significant only for TOS levels (P < .01). Throughout the treatment phases, the concentration and total amount of TOS decreased in smokers(P < .01) and only the total amount of TOS decreased in non-smokers (P < .01). The concentration and total amounts of TAOC increased throughout the treatments in both smokers and non-smokers without significant changes (P > .05). The baseline OSI was higher in smokers, and it decreased only in smokers following the treatment phases (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Smoking and periodontal inflammation were found to alter IL-17A, IL-17E, and oxidant/anti-oxidant statuses in periodontitis patients. The intra-group assessments in smokers demonstrated more apparent alterations in the oxidant/anti-oxidant statuses and IL-17A and IL-17E levels after periodontitis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muge Lütfioğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Umur Sakallıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Eser Elif Sakallıoğlu
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Feyza O Özden
- Department of Periodontology, Ondokuz Mayis University Dental Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sebati Sinan Ürkmez
- Department of Biochemistry, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Birsen Bilgici
- Department of Biochemistry, Ondokuz Mayis University Medical Faculty, Samsun, Turkey
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Zieniewska I, Maciejczyk M, Zalewska A. The Effect of Selected Dental Materials Used in Conservative Dentistry, Endodontics, Surgery, and Orthodontics as Well as during the Periodontal Treatment on the Redox Balance in the Oral Cavity. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249684. [PMID: 33353105 PMCID: PMC7767252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a redox homeostasis disorder that results in oxidation of cell components and thus disturbs cell metabolism. OS is induced by numerous internal as well as external factors. According to recent studies, dental treatment may also be one of them. The aim of our work was to assess the effect of dental treatment on the redox balance of the oral cavity. We reviewed literature available in PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases, including the results from 2010 to 2020. Publications were searched according to the keywords: oxidative stress and dental monomers; oxidative stress and amalgam; oxidative stress and periodontitis, oxidative stress and braces, oxidative stress and titanium; oxidative stress and dental implants, oxidative stress and endodontics treatment, oxidative stress and dental treatment; and oxidative stress and dental composite. It was found that dental treatment with the use of composites, amalgams, glass-ionomers, materials for root canal filling/rinsing, orthodontic braces (made of various metal alloys), titanium implants, or whitening agents can disturb oral redox homeostasis by affecting the antioxidant barrier and increasing oxidative damage to salivary proteins, lipids, and DNA. Abnormal saliva secretion/composition was also observed in dental patients in the course of OS. It is suggested that the addition of antioxidants to dental materials or antioxidant therapy applied during dental treatment could protect the patient against harmful effects of OS in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Zieniewska
- Doctoral Studies, Medical University of Bialystok, 24a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.Z.)
| | - Mateusz Maciejczyk
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-022 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Anna Zalewska
- Experimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University of Bialystok, 24a M. Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-274 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence: (I.Z.); (A.Z.)
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Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment on Oxidative Stress Markers in Leukocytes and Their Interaction with the Endothelium in Obese Subjects with Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072117. [PMID: 32635585 PMCID: PMC7408850 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The primary objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal treatment. The secondary aim was to evaluate the effect of dietary therapy on both parameters of oxidative stress in leukocytes and leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in an obese population. Methods: This was a pilot study with a before-and-after design. Forty-nine obese subjects with periodontitis were randomized by means of the minimization method and assigned to one of two groups, one of which underwent dietary therapy while the other did not. All the subjects underwent non-surgical periodontal treatment. We determined periodontal, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters—total reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide production, intracellular Ca2+, mitochondrial membrane potential and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. We also evaluated interactions between leukocytes and endothelium cells—velocity, rolling flux and adhesion—at baseline and 12 weeks after intervention. Results: Periodontal treatment improved the periodontal health of all the patients, with a reduction in serum retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), total superoxide production and cytosolic Ca2+ in leukocytes. In the patients undergoing dietary therapy, there were less leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium, an effect that was accompanied by a decrease in TNFα, P-selectin and total ROS and an increase in SOD activity. Conclusions: Whereas non-surgical periodontal treatment induces an improvement in leukocyte homeostasis, dietary therapy as an adjuvant reduces systemic inflammation and increases antioxidant status which, in turn, modulates leukocyte-endothelium dynamics.
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Naiff PF, Carneiro VMA, Guimarães MDCM, Bezerra ACB, Oliveira MS, Couto SCP, Alves ÉAR, Kückelhaus SAS, Muniz-Junqueira MI. Mechanical Periodontal Therapy Recovered the Phagocytic Function of Monocytes in Periodontitis. Int J Dent 2020; 2020:8636795. [PMID: 32148505 PMCID: PMC7044476 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8636795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have focused on the association between periodontitis and systemic implications; however, the biological mechanisms of the immune responses before and after periodontal therapy involved in this relationship, such as phagocytic functions, remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate whether periodontal treatment improves the phagocytic function of blood monocytes in patients with severe periodontitis. Materials and Methods. A nonrandomized sample of 55 participants was enrolled in the study. Two groups were studied: control (n = 27, healthy subjects without periodontal disease) and patients (n = 27, healthy subjects without periodontal disease) and patients (. RESULTS Periodontitis induced impaired phagocytosis by monocytes. Phagocytosis at baseline was significantly lower in periodontitis patients [median, 13.2 (range of 7.1 to 20.8) and 60.7 (40.6 to 88.6)] than in controls [27.4 (15.5 to 40.5)] and 98 (68.2 to 122.9)] for nonsensitized or sensitized samples, respectively. After supportive therapy, patients showed a significant enhancement of phagocytic functions [33.7 (14.6 to 53.2) and 108.5 (99.6 to 159.5)] for nonsensitized and sensitized samples, respectively. Periodontal treatment increased the phagocytic capacity to a level similar to that observed in the control group and improved the capacity of phagocytes to produce superoxide anion. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that periodontal therapy in patients with severe periodontitis provides a state of homeostasis due to the reestablishment of phagocytic function and increased production of NBT (Regional Registry No. RBR-24T799; Universal Registry No. U1111-1133-5512).
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla F. Naiff
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Valéria M. A. Carneiro
- Periodontics' Division, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Cristina B. Bezerra
- Pediatric Dentistry Division, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Mariangela S. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Shirley C. P. Couto
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Selma A. S. Kückelhaus
- Laboratory of Histological Techniques, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Maria Imaculada Muniz-Junqueira
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, 70910-900 Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil
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12
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Role of oral pathogens in the pathogenesis of intracranial aneurysm: review of existing evidence and potential mechanisms. Neurosurg Rev 2020; 44:239-247. [PMID: 32034564 PMCID: PMC7850994 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01253-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Degeneration of intracranial aneurysm wall is under active research and recent studies indicate an increased risk of rupture of intracranial aneurysm among patients with periodontal diseases. In addition, oral bacterial DNA has been identified from wall samples of ruptured and unruptured aneurysms. These novel findings led us to evaluate if oral diseases could predispose to pathological changes seen on intracranial aneurysm walls eventually leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage. The aim of this review is to consider mechanisms on the relationship between periodontitis and aneurysm rupture, focusing on recent evidence.
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The Connection of Periodontal Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Oxidative Stress. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2019-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, a chronic disease considered by the World Health Organization to be an epidemic, is now recognized as one of the factors behind the onset of periodontal disease. The connection between periodontal disease, which is an irreversible inflammatory disease of the supporting tissue of the teeth, and systemic diseases is reflected in the existence of common risk factors, subgingival dental biofilm, as a constant source of proinflamma-tory cytokines synthesized intensely in inflammatory periodontium. Diabetes mellitus leads to increased oxidative stress in periodontal tissues causing worsening of the disease and periodontopathy exacerbates deficiency of pancreatic β-cells. The most important role in primary inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of periodontopathy is played by neutrophils. Neutrophils cause periodontium destruction by the release of enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases), cytotoxic substances (free radicals, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species) and the expression of membrane receptors. Matrix metalloproteinases within the “protease network” are critical to many physiological and pathological processes, including immunity, inflammation, bone resorption and wound healing. Matrix metalloproteinases levels are elevated in patients with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus, which may contribute to more frequent complications. In this paper, the review of available literature data shows the correlation between periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus, as well as the role of matrix metalloproteinases and oxidative stress in these. In this regard, determining the value of matrix metalloproteinases may be helpful in the diagnosis of periodontal disease complicated by diabetes mellitus. Also, the parameters of oxidative stress could help to clarify the mechanisms of pathogenesis and etiology of periodontal disease, or indicate the potential benefit of antioxidant supplementation in these individuals. As the role of matrix metalloproteinases has not been fully clarified in the pathogenesis of periodontopathy, additional studies will be needed to indicate their importance.
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Boia S, Boariu M, Baderca F, Rusu D, Muntean D, Horhat F, Boia ER, Borza C, Anghel A, Stratul ŞI. Clinical, microbiological and oxidative stress evaluation of periodontitis patients treated with two regimens of systemic antibiotics, adjunctive to non-surgical therapy: A placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:5001-5015. [PMID: 31819766 PMCID: PMC6895779 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim of research was to evaluate and compare the clinical and microbiological effects of two different regimens of amoxicillin (AMX) and metronidazole (MTZ) combined with non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), and identify antibiotic-resistant bacteria and changes in oxidative stress (OS). Forty-six patients with generalized CP were randomly assigned to group A [scaling and root planing within 24 h (SRP) + placebo for 7 days), group B [SRP + AMX + MTZ, both 500 mg three times daily (TID), 3 days), and group C [SRP + AMX + MTZ, both 500 mg TID, 7 days). Periodontal pocket depth (PPD-primary outcome), clinical attachment level (CAL), full-mouth bleeding scores (FMBS), plaque scores (FMPS), blood and subgingival plaque were assessed at baseline and after three months. OS was evaluated via derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and assessments of biological antioxidant potential (BAP). Bacterial profiling was performed by PCR. Antibiotic resistance was evaluated in cultures. PPD, CAL, number of sites with PPD ≥6 mm, their PPD, CAL and FMBS decreased (P<0.05) in all groups, as well as FMPS in groups A and B, and d-ROMs in group C. There were significant differences among groups regarding decreases in the frequency of detection for Aa and Tf. For Aa, there were differences between groups A and C (P=0.048) and between groups B and C (P=0.048), but not between groups A and B; whereas for Tf, groups A and B were different from group C (P<0.001), but not from each other (P=0.920). No resistance to AMX was identified prior to treatment; two strains were resistant after treatment. Before treatment, 13 strains were resistant to MTZ, and 2 were resistant after. One strain in the same patient was sensitive prior to treatment, and later became resistant to both antibiotics. SRP with a 7-day course of antibiotic therapy was more effective for improving clinical parameters, in decrease of detection of several periopathogens, and in improvement of OS when compared to a 3-day regimen. Resistance was found in fewer strains after treatment than before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simina Boia
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Marius Boariu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Flavia Baderca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Darian Rusu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Delia Muntean
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Florin Horhat
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Eugen-Radu Boia
- Department of ENT, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Claudia Borza
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Andrei Anghel
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Ştefan-Ioan Stratul
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timişoara, Romania
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Singh N, Uppoor A, Rajendran V, Naik DG. Periodontal disease and hemolysis in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: Is there a nexus? J Oral Biosci 2019; 61:129-133. [PMID: 31235029 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an erythrocyte enzyme defect that amplifies the susceptibility of erythrocytes to oxidative stress due to excessive levels of reactive oxygen species. Consequently, erythrocyte destruction and hemolysis occur. HIGHLIGHT The possible mechanism of oxidative stress-mediated destruction of erythrocytes in G6PD deficient individuals induced by periodontal infection is highlighted. CONCLUSION Periodontal diseases feature systemic loading of reactive oxygen species, and they may increase the risk of hemolysis in individuals with G6PD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelesh Singh
- Department of Periodontology, Maharana Pratap Dental College & Hospital, Kanpur, India.
| | - Ashita Uppoor
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Valliammai Rajendran
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Dilip G Naik
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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Sone R, Matsuba K, Tahara R, Eda N, Kosaki K, Jesmin S, Miyakawa S, Watanabe K. Assessment of Salivary Nitric Oxide Levels in Elite University Athletes in Japan: Findings From a Cross Sectional Study Design. J Clin Med Res 2019; 11:114-120. [PMID: 30701003 PMCID: PMC6340678 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-intensity exercise affects the level of salivary nitric oxide (NO) with an impact on oxidative stress such as a reactive nitrogen-oxide species. However, in athletes with high-intensity training, the relationship between salivary NO levels and oxidative stress is yet to be clear. Additionally, the association of salivary NO levels and the common health disorders of athletes is unknown. Thus, the aim of this cross-sectional study was to clarify the relationship between salivary NO levels and oxidative stress, and the health/medical disorders existing in elite class university athletes. Methods In 250 athletes (males, 151 and females, 99) from undergraduate levels of Japanese University, we investigated the relationship between levels of salivary NO and oxidative stress markers: derived reactive oxygen species (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP), and also examined that whether salivary NO levels are associated with diseases. Results There were no significant association between the levels of salivary NO and oxidative stress markers (such as d-ROM and BAP). From the questionnaire, asthma was the most prevalent as evident from medical history of the athletes. Additionally, the salivary NO levels were higher (520 ± 43 µmol/L vs. 375 ± 13 µmol/L, P < 0.05) in the asthma group (n = 9) than in the non-asthma group (n = 241). We determined the optimal cut-off value (P = 0.019) of the salivary NO levels for asthma was 425 µmol/L, with a sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 61.8% (area under the curve (AUC), 0.73). Conclusions Our results suggest that the high levels of salivary NO in trained university athletes in Japan may potentially predict asthma. And this salivary NO level is not associated with markers of oxidative stress and existing diseases in athletes studied here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Sone
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kai Matsuba
- Tsukuba Sports Medicine and Health Science Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, 2-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8576, Japan
| | - Rei Tahara
- Sports Research and Development Core, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Eda
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-1192, Japan
| | - Keisei Kosaki
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Subrina Jesmin
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Shumpei Miyakawa
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Koichi Watanabe
- Faculty of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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D'Arena G, Seneca E, Migliaccio I, De Feo V, Giudice A, La Rocca F, Capunzo M, Calapai G, Festa A, Caraglia M, Musto P, Iorio EL, Ruggieri V. Oxidative stress in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: still a matter of debate. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:867-875. [PMID: 30234409 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1509317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
There is a large body of evidence showing a strong correlation between carcinogenesis of several types of human tumors, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and oxidative stress (OS). The mechanisms by which OS may promote cancer pathogenesis have not been completely deciphered yet and, in CLL, as in other neoplasms, whether OS is a primary cause or simply a downstream effect of the disease is still an open question. It has been demonstrated that, in CLL, OS concomitantly results from increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mainly ascribable to CLL cells mitochondrial activity, and impaired antioxidant defenses. Interestingly, OS evaluation in CLL patients, at diagnosis, seems to have a prognostic significance, thus getting new insights in the biological comprehension of the disease with potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni D'Arena
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Elisa Seneca
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Ilaria Migliaccio
- a Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Unit , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- b Pharmacology Department , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Aldo Giudice
- c Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale , Napoli , Italy
| | - Francesco La Rocca
- d Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | - Mario Capunzo
- e Department of Medicine and Surgery , University of Salerno , Salerno , Italy
| | - Gioacchino Calapai
- f Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Sciences , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
| | - Agostino Festa
- g Department of Biochimics, Biophysics and General Pathology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Michele Caraglia
- g Department of Biochimics, Biophysics and General Pathology , University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" , Naples , Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- h Scientific Direction, IRCCS-CROB , Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture , Italy
| | | | - Vitalba Ruggieri
- d Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research , IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata , Rionero in Vulture , Italy
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Bansal N, Gupta ND, Bey A, Sharma VK, Gupta N, Trivedi H. Impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on total antioxidant capacity in chronic periodontitis patients. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 21:291-295. [PMID: 29456303 PMCID: PMC5813343 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_281_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the utility of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as marker of periodontal disease by estimating TAC of periodontally healthy and chronic periodontitis patients and the impact of scaling and root planning on total antioxidant status of periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods: Blood plasma samples were collected from randomly selected eighty individuals (40 periodontally healthy controls and 40 chronic periodontitis patients), with an age range of 20–45 years and were analyzed for TAC by ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Scaling and root planing was performed in periodontitis patients, and TAC level was measured again after 3 weeks. Data were analyzed with t-test, using SPSS software (PSAW, Windows version 18.0). Results: The mean plasma TAC was significantly lower (792.33 ± 124.33 μmol/L, P < 0.001) in chronic periodontitis patients compared to healthy control (1076.08 ± 193.82 μmol/L). Plasma TAC level increased significantly (989.75 ± 96.80, P < 0.001) after scaling and root planing. Conclusions: An inverse relationship exists between plasma TAC and severity of chronic periodontitis suggesting disturbed oxidant-antioxidant balance in chronic periodontitis. Scaling and root planing resulted in the restoration of TAC to normal levels. These results are important from the perspective of including antioxidants in periodontal therapy regime to boost up body's antioxidant defense system and to reduce oxidative stress-mediated periodontal tissue damage. We concluded that TAC can be used as a biomarker to evaluate the health of periodontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Bansal
- Department of Periodontology, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Narender Dev Gupta
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Afshan Bey
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vivek Kumar Sharma
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Namita Gupta
- Department of Periodontics, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Himanshu Trivedi
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, Dr Ziauddin Ahmad Dental College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Suresh S, Mahendra J, Singh G, Pradeep Kumar AR, Thilagar S, Rao N. Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite and gingival crevicular fluid resistin and serum resistin levels in obese and normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2018; 22:310-316. [PMID: 30131622 PMCID: PMC6077962 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_108_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hyperoxidative and a modified inflammatory state in obese individuals cause higher susceptibility to bacterial infection which influences the initiation and progression of periodontal disease. Aim: Our study was aimed to evaluate the role of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the clinical parameters such as gingival index (GI), plaque index, pocket probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), plasma-reactive oxygen metabolite (ROM) levels, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) resistin and serum resistin levels in obese or overweight and normal weight individuals with periodontitis. Material and Methods: Sixty individuals of age between 35 and 45 years of both the sexes were selected and categorized into two groups as thirty overweight or obese individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group I) and thirty normal weight individuals with chronic periodontitis (Group II). Clinical parameters, plasma ROM levels, and serum and GCF resistin levels were assessed at baseline and 2 months after periodontal therapy in both the groups and compared. Results: Intergroup comparison of clinical parameters (GI, CAL, PPD) 2 months after therapy showed a significant difference with more reduction in Group II compared to Group I. On comparison, mean plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels at baseline was higher in Group I compared to Group II. When plasma ROM, GCF, and serum resistin levels were compared 2 months after therapy, the reduction was more in Group II compared to Group I. Conclusion: It is concluded that along with periodontal therapy, motivation of patients for weight reduction program is mandatory for obese or overweight individuals with periodontitis in order to improve periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snophia Suresh
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jaideep Mahendra
- Department of Periodontics, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sivasankari Thilagar
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Neeharika Rao
- Department of Periodontics, Thaimoogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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20
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Mizuno H, Ekuni D, Maruyama T, Kataoka K, Yoneda T, Fukuhara D, Sugiura Y, Tomofuji T, Wada J, Morita M. The effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on glycemic control, oxidative stress balance and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188171. [PMID: 29145468 PMCID: PMC5689834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) levels, oxidative stress balance and quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to no periodontal treatment (simple oral hygiene instructions only). Methods The design was a 6-month, single-masked, single center, randomized clinical trial. Patients had both T2DM and chronic periodontitis. Forty participants were enrolled between April 2014 and March 2016 at the Nephrology, Diabetology and Endocrinology Department of Okayama University Hospital. The periodontal treatment group (n = 20) received non-surgical periodontal therapy, including scaling and root planing plus oral hygiene instructions, and consecutive supportive periodontal therapy at 3 and 6 months. The control group (n = 17) received only oral hygiene instructions without treatment during the experimental period. The primary study outcome was the change in HbA1c levels from baseline to 3 months. Secondary outcomes included changes in oxidative stress balance (Oxidative-INDEX), the Diabetes Therapy-Related QOL and clinical periodontal parameters from baseline to 3 months and baseline to 6 months. Results Changes in HbA1c in the periodontal treatment group were not significantly different with those in the control group at 3 and 6 months. Systemic oxidative stress balance and QOL significantly improved in the periodontal treatment group compared to the control group at 3 months. In the subgroup analysis (moderately poor control of diabetes), the decrease in HbA1c levels in the periodontal treatment group was greater than that in the control group at 3 months but not significant. Conclusions In T2DM patients, non-surgical periodontal treatment improved systemic oxidative stress balance and QOL, but did not decrease HbA1c levels at 3 months follow-up. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials UMIN-ICDR UMIN 000013278 (Registered April 1, 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Mizuno
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ekuni
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Advanced Research Center for Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, Okayama University Dental School, Okayama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Takayuki Maruyama
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kota Kataoka
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiki Yoneda
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daiki Fukuhara
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sugiura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Mizuho, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Shimomura Y, Takaki A, Wada N, Yasunaka T, Ikeda F, Maruyama T, Tamaki N, Uchida D, Onishi H, Kuwaki K, Nakamura S, Nouso K, Miyake Y, Koike K, Tomofuji T, Morita M, Yamamoto K, Okada H. The Serum Oxidative/Anti-oxidative Stress Balance Becomes Dysregulated in Patients with Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis Associated with Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Intern Med 2017; 56:243-251. [PMID: 28154266 PMCID: PMC5348446 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.56.7002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Oxidative stress is associated with the progression of chronic liver disease. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is also an oxidative stress-related disease. However, the oxidative/anti-oxidative balance has not been fully characterized in NAFLD. The objective of the present study was to investigate the balance between oxidative stress and the anti-oxidative activity in NAFLD, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients We recruited 69 patients with histologically proven NAFLD without HCC (NAFLD; n=58), and with NASH-related HCC (NASH-HCC; n=11). The 58 NAFLD patients included patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL; n=14) and NASH (n=44). Methods The serum levels of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) and anti-oxidative markers (OXY) were determined and then used to calculate the oxidative index. The correlations among such factors as ROM, OXY, oxidative index, and clinical characteristics were investigated. Results In NAFLD, ROM positively correlated with the body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP), and the histological grade or inflammatory scores, while only high HbA1c and CRP levels were significant factors that correlated with a higher ROM according to a multivariate analysis. OXY positively correlated with the platelet counts, albumin, and creatinine levels, while negatively correlating with age. However, it improved after treatment intervention. The oxidative index positively correlated with BMI, CRP, and HbA1c. The NASH-HCC patients exhibited a lower OXY than the NASH patients, probably due to the effects of aging. Conclusion Oxidative stress correlated with the levels of NASH activity markers, while the anti-oxidative function was preserved in younger patients as well as in patients with a well-preserved liver function. The NASH-HCC patients tended to be older and exhibited a diminished anti-oxidative function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Shimomura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
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Gerber FA, Sahrmann P, Schmidlin OA, Heumann C, Beer JH, Schmidlin PR. Influence of obesity on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy - a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:90. [PMID: 27590050 PMCID: PMC5010690 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0272-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and periodontitis are important chronic health problems. Obesity is associated with an increased prevalence of periodontitis. Whether obesity also affects the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy is to date still unclear. METHODS A systematic review of studies referenced in SCOPUS, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Biosis and Web of Science was performed. Titles, abstracts and finally full texts were scrutinized for possible inclusion by two independent investigators. Quality and heterogeneity of the studies were assessed and the study designs were examined. Probing pocket depth reduction was analyzed as primary surrogate parameter for therapeutic success after non-surgical periodontal therapy. RESULTS One-hundred-and-fifty-nine potentially qualifying studies were screened. Eight studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Three of eight studies failed to show an influence of obesity on pocket depth reduction after non-surgical therapy. The remaining five studies documented a clear negative effect on the outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy. The finally included studies did not correspond to the highest level of quality (RCTs). Due to the heterogeneity of the data a meta-analysis was not possible. CONCLUSION The literature on the effect of obesity on the treatment outcome of non-surgical periodontal therapy remains controversial. The data, however, support that obesity is not only a factor associated with poorer periodontal health but might also result in inferior response to non-surgical treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne A. Gerber
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Sahrmann
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Oliver A. Schmidlin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Christian Heumann
- Department of Statistics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jürg Hans Beer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Patrick R. Schmidlin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Han P, Sun D, Yang J. Interaction between periodontitis and liver diseases. Biomed Rep 2016; 5:267-276. [PMID: 27588170 PMCID: PMC4998044 DOI: 10.3892/br.2016.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an oral disease that is highly prevalent worldwide, with a prevalence of 30–50% of the population in developed countries, but only ~10% present with severe forms. It is also estimated that periodontitis results in worldwide productivity losses amounting to ~54 billion USD yearly. In addition to the damage it causes to oral health, periodontitis also affects other types of disease. Numerous studies have confirmed the association between periodontitis and systemic diseases, such as diabetes, respiratory disease, osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence also indicated that periodontitis may participate in the progression of liver diseases, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, as well as affecting liver transplantation. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are currently no reviews elaborating upon the possible links between periodontitis and liver diseases. Therefore, the current review summarizes the human trials and animal experiments that have been conducted to investigate the correlation between periodontitis and liver diseases. Furthermore, in the present review, certain mechanisms that have been postulated to be responsible for the role of periodontitis in liver diseases (such as bacteria, pro-inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress) are considered. The aim of the review is to introduce the hypothesis that periodontitis may be important in the progression of liver disease, thus providing dentists and physicians with an improved understanding of this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Han
- The Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of PLA, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050082, P.R. China
| | - Dianxing Sun
- The Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center of PLA, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050082, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Public Healthcare, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
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Uchida D, Takaki A, Ishikawa H, Tomono Y, Kato H, Tsutsumi K, Tamaki N, Maruyama T, Tomofuji T, Tsuzaki R, Yasunaka T, Koike K, Matsushita H, Ikeda F, Miyake Y, Shiraha H, Nouso K, Yoshida R, Umeda Y, Shinoura S, Yagi T, Fujiwara T, Morita M, Fukushima M, Yamamoto K, Okada H. Oxidative stress balance is dysregulated and represents an additional target for treating cholangiocarcinoma. Free Radic Res 2016; 50:732-43. [PMID: 27021847 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2016.1172071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatico-biliary malignancies exhibit similar characteristics, including obesity-related features and poor prognosis, and require new treatment strategies. Oxidative stress is known to induce DNA damage and carcinogenesis, and its reduction is viewed as being favorable. However, it also has anti-infection and anti-cancer functions that need to be maintained. To reveal the effect of oxidative stress on cancer progression, we evaluated oxidative stress and anti-oxidative balance in pancreatic cancer (PC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC) patients, as well as the effect of add-on antioxidant treatment to chemotherapy in a mouse cholangiocarcinoma model. METHODS We recruited 84 CC and 80 PC patients who were admitted to our hospital. Serum levels of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) and the anti-oxidative OXY-adsorbent test were determined and the balance of these tests was defined as an oxidative index. A diabetic mouse-based cholangiocarcinoma model was utilized to evaluate the effects of add-on antioxidant therapy on cholangiocarcinoma chemotherapy. RESULTS Serum ROM was higher and anti-oxidant OXY was lower in CC patients with poor outcomes. These parameters were not significantly different in PC patients. In mice, vitamin E administration induced antioxidant hemeoxygenase (HO)-1 protein expression in cancer tissue, while the number of stem-like cells increased. l-carnitine administration improved intestinal microbiome and biliary acid balance, upregulated the hepatic mitochondrial membrane uptake related gene Cpt1 in non-cancerous tissue, and did not alter stem-like cell numbers. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress balance was dysregulated in cholangiocarcinoma with poor outcome. The mitochondrial function-supporting agent l-carnitine is a good candidate to control oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Uchida
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Akinobu Takaki
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Hisashi Ishikawa
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yasuko Tomono
- b Shigei Medical Research Institute , Okayama , Japan
| | - Hironari Kato
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Koichiro Tsutsumi
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Naofumi Tamaki
- c Department of Preventive Dentistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan ;,d Department of Preventive Dentistry Institute of Health Biosciences , Tokushima University Graduate School , Tokushima , Japan
| | - Takayuki Maruyama
- c Department of Preventive Dentistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- c Department of Preventive Dentistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Tsuzaki
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Tetsuya Yasunaka
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Kazuko Koike
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsushita
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Fusao Ikeda
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Miyake
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Hidenori Shiraha
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Ryuichi Yoshida
- e Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Yuzo Umeda
- e Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Susumu Shinoura
- e Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Takahito Yagi
- e Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- e Department of Gastroenterological Surgery , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Manabu Morita
- c Department of Preventive Dentistry , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | | | - Kazuhide Yamamoto
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- a Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology , Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences , Okayama , Japan
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D'Aiuto F, Orlandi M, Gunsolley JC. Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 40 Suppl 14:S85-105. [PMID: 23627337 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence on the impact of periodontal treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) biomarkers and outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was performed in Cinhal, Cochrane, Embase and Medline for relevant articles up to July 2012. Duplicate screening and reference hand searching were performed. Data were then summarized and evidence graded in tables. RESULTS The search resulted in: (a) no evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis, serum levels of CD40 ligand, serum amyloid A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, (b) limited evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on arterial blood pressure, leucocyte counts, fibrinogen, tissue necrosis factor-α, sE-selectin, von Willebrand factors, d-dimers, matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative stress and CVD events, and (c) moderate evidence suggesting a negligible effect of periodontal therapy in reducing interleukin-6 and lipids levels, whilst a positive effect in reducing serum C-reactive protein levels and improving endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal therapy triggers a short-term inflammatory response followed by (a) a progressive and consistent reduction of systemic inflammation and (b) an improvement in endothelial function. There is however limited evidence that these acute and chronic changes will either increase or reduce CVD burden of individuals suffering from periodontitis in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
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26
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D'Aiuto F, Orlandi M, Gunsolley JC. Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes. J Periodontol 2016; 84:S85-S105. [PMID: 23631587 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.134007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence on the impact of periodontal treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) biomarkers and outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was performed in Cinhal, Cochrane, Embase and Medline for relevant articles up to July 2012. Duplicate screening and reference hand searching were performed. Data were then summarized and evidence graded in tables. RESULTS The search resulted in: (a) no evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis, serum levels of CD40 ligand, serum amyloid A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, (b) limited evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on arterial blood pressure, leucocyte counts, fibrinogen, tissue necrosis factor-a, sE-selectin, von Willebrand factors, d-dimers, matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative stress and CVD events, and (c) moderate evidence suggesting a negligible effect of periodontal therapy in reducing interleukin-6 and lipids levels, whilst a positive effect in reducing serum C-reactive protein levels and improving endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal therapy triggers a short-term inflammatory response followed by (a) a progressive and consistent reduction of systemic inflammation and (b) an improvement in endothelial function. There is however limited evidence that these acute and chronic changes will either increase or reduce CVD burden of individuals suffering from periodontitis in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, UK.
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Alfakry H, Malle E, Koyani CN, Pussinen PJ, Sorsa T. Neutrophil proteolytic activation cascades: a possible mechanistic link between chronic periodontitis and coronary heart disease. Innate Immun 2016; 22:85-99. [PMID: 26608308 DOI: 10.1177/1753425915617521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are chronic inflammatory diseases that affect a large segment of society. Coronary heart disease (CHD), the most common cardiovascular disease, progresses over several years and affects millions of people worldwide. Chronic infections may contribute to the systemic inflammation and enhance the risk for CHD. Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic infections that affects up to 50% of the adult population. Under inflammatory conditions the activation of endogenous degradation pathways mediated by immune responses leads to the release of destructive cellular molecules from both resident and immigrant cells. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their regulators can activate each other and play an important role in immune response via degrading extracellular matrix components and modulating cytokines and chemokines. The action of MMPs is required for immigrant cell recruitment at the site of inflammation. Stimulated neutrophils represent the major pathogen-fighting immune cells that upregulate expression of several proteinases and oxidative enzymes, which can degrade extracellular matrix components (e.g. MMP-8, MMP-9 and neutrophil elastase). The activity of MMPs is regulated by endogenous inhibitors and/or candidate MMPs (e.g. MMP-7). The balance between MMPs and their inhibitors is thought to mirror the proteolytic burden. Thus, neutrophil-derived biomarkers, including myeloperoxidase, may activate proteolytic destructive cascades that are involved in subsequent immune-pathological events associated with both periodontitis and CHD. Here, we review the existing studies on the contribution of MMPs and their regulators to the infection-related pathology. Also, we discuss the possible proteolytic involvement and role of neutrophil-derived enzymes as an etiological link between chronic periodontitis and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Alfakry
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ernst Malle
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Chintan N Koyani
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Pirkko J Pussinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Öngöz Dede F, Bozkurt Doğan Ş, Ballı U, Avcı B, Durmuşlar MC. The effect of initial periodontal treatment on plasma, gingival crevicular fluid and salivary levels of 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine in obesity. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 62:80-5. [PMID: 26655951 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have shown adverse effects on the periodontium from the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of obesity on 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the bodily fluids of patients with and without periodontal disease and to evaluate changes after initial periodontal treatment. DESIGN Forty-five obese individuals and 45 normal-weight individuals were included in this study. Obese and normal-weight groups were classified into three sub-groups: chronic periodontitis (CP), gingivitis (G) and periodontally healthy controls (CTRL). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), plasma, saliva samples and clinical measurements were obtained at baseline and a month after initial periodontal treatment. Levels of 8-OHdG were analysed by ELISA. RESULTS While plasma 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher at baseline in the obese patients with periodontal disease than in the normal-weight individuals (P<0.05), no significant differences in GCF and saliva 8-OHdG levels were found (P ˃ 0.05). GCF and salivary 8-OHdG levels in obese patients with G and CP were significantly higher than in CTRL groups at baseline (P<0.05). After treatment, 8-OHdG levels were decreased in all groups with periodontal disease (P<0.01). Statistically significant positive correlations were observed between GCF 8-OHdG levels and GI in all the groups (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The significant increase of plasma 8-OHdG levels in obese patients did not correlate with saliva and GCF 8-OHdG levels when compared to normal-weight individuals. Periodontal treatment had a positive effect on the periodontal parameters and 8-OHdG levels of both obese and normal-weight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Öngöz Dede
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Şeyma Bozkurt Doğan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Umut Ballı
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
| | - Bahattin Avcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuzmayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Muştafa Cenk Durmuşlar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Bülent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey
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Drinking Hydrogen-Rich Water Has Additive Effects on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment of Improving Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:513-22. [PMID: 26783840 PMCID: PMC4665424 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4030513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. A reduction of oxidative stress by drinking hydrogen-rich water (HW) might be beneficial to periodontal health. In this pilot study, we compared the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment with or without drinking HW on periodontitis. Thirteen patients (3 women, 10 men) with periodontitis were divided into two groups: The control group (n = 6) or the HW group (n = 7). In the HW group, participants consumed HW 4–5 times/day for eight weeks. At two to four weeks, all participants received non-surgical periodontal treatment. Oral examinations were performed at baseline, two, four and eight weeks, and serum was obtained at these time points to evaluate oxidative stress. At baseline, there were no significant differences in periodontal status between the control and HW groups. The HW group showed greater improvements in probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level than the control group at two, four and eight weeks (p < 0.05). The HW group also exhibited an increased serum level of total antioxidant capacity at four weeks, compared to baseline (p < 0.05). Drinking HW enhanced the effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment, thus improving periodontitis.
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Bhardwaj S, Prabhuji MLV, Karthikeyan BV. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on plasma homocysteine levels in Indian population with chronic periodontitis: a pilot study. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 42:221-7. [PMID: 25644517 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM Homocysteine (Hcy) is implicated in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The effect of periodontal disease and periodontal therapy on plasma Hcy remains controversial. Hence, in this pilot study we assessed the effect of periodontal disease and non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on plasma Hcy in systemically healthy Indian subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty participants (30 to 39 years) were enrolled in the study and were divided into two groups based on gingival index, probing depth, and clinical attachment level (CAL): Healthy (control group; n = 20) and Chronic Periodontitis (test group; n = 20). Plasma samples were collected and quantified at baseline and 12 weeks after scaling and root planing (SRP) for Hcy using High Performance Liquid Chromatography with fluorescent detection (HPLC-fld). RESULTS Plasma Hcy levels of chronic periodontitis (17.87 ± 1.21 μmol/l) subjects was significantly higher than healthy subjects (9.09 ± 2.11 μmol/l). Post-therapy, the plasma Hcy concentration reduced significantly (11.34 ± 1.87 μmol/l) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The rise and descent of plasma Hcy levels with periodontal inflammation and therapy, respectively, indicate a direct relationship of Hcy with chronic periodontitis. NSPT may be employed as an adjunctive Hcy Lowering Therapy, contributing towards primary prevention against CVD's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smiti Bhardwaj
- Department of Periodontics, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Bangalore, India
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Terao M, Takaki A, Maruyama T, Oe H, Yasunaka T, Tamaki N, Nakamura K, Tomofuji T, Yagi T, Sadamori H, Umeda Y, Shinoura S, Yoshida R, Nouso K, Ekuni D, Koike K, Ikeda F, Shiraha H, Morita M, Ito H, Fujiwara T, Yamamoto K. Serum Oxidative/anti-oxidative Stress Balance Is Dysregulated in Potentially Pulmonary Hypertensive Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Case Control Study. Intern Med 2015; 54:2815-26. [PMID: 26567993 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.54.4889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is characterized by vascular dilatation and hyperdynamic circulation, while portopulmonary hypertension (POPH) is characterized by vasoconstriction with fibrous obliteration of the vascular bed. Vasoactive molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) are candidate factors for cirrhotic complications associated with these diseases. However, oxidative stress balance is not well characterized in HPS and POPH. The present objective is to investigate the oxidative stress and anti-oxidative stress balance and NO pathway balance in patients with potential HPS and POPH. METHODS We recruited patients with decompensated cirrhosis (n=69) admitted to our hospital as liver transplantation candidates. Patients exhibiting partial pressure of oxygen lower than 80 mmHg and alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient (AaDO2) ≥15 mmHg were categorized as potentially having HPS (23 of 69 patients). Patients exhibiting a tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient ≥25 mmHg were categorized as potentially having POPH (29 of 61 patients). Serum reactive oxygen metabolites were measured and anti-oxidative OXY-adsorbent test (OXY) were performed, and the balance of these tests was defined as the oxidative index. The correlation between these values and the clinical characteristics of the patients were assessed in a cross-sectional study. RESULTS Potential HPS patients exhibited no correlation with oxidative stress markers. Potential POPH patients exhibited lower OXY (p=0.037) and higher oxidative index values (p=0.001). Additionally, the vascular NO synthase enzyme inhibiting protein, asymmetric dimethylarginine, was higher in potential POPH patients (p=0.049). The potential POPH patients exhibited elevated AaDO2, suggesting the presence of pulmonary shunting. CONCLUSION Potential POPH patients exhibited elevated oxidative stress with decreased anti-oxidative function accompanied by inhibited NO production. Anti-oxidants represent a candidate treatment for potential POPH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masako Terao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan
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Systemic oxidative stress biomarkers in chronic periodontitis: a meta-analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:931083. [PMID: 25477703 PMCID: PMC4247950 DOI: 10.1155/2014/931083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress biomarkers have been observed in peripheral blood of chronic periodontitis patients; however, their associations with periodontitis were not consistent. This meta-analysis was performed to clarify the associations between chronic periodontitis and oxidative biomarkers in systemic circulation. Electronic searches of PubMed and Embase databases were performed until October 2014 and articles were selected to meet inclusion criteria. Data of oxidative biomarkers levels in peripheral blood of periodontitis patients and periodontal healthy controls were extracted to calculate standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by using random-effects model. Of 31 eligible articles, 16 articles with available data were included in meta-analysis. Our results showed that periodontitis patients had significantly lower levels of total antioxidant capacity (SMD = -2.02; 95% CI: -3.08, -0.96; P = 0.000) and higher levels of malondialdehyde (SMD = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.86; P = 0.026) and nitric oxide (SMD = 4.98; 95% CI: 2.33, 7.63; P = 0.000) than periodontal healthy control. Superoxide dismutase levels between two groups were not significantly different (SMD = -1.72; 95% CI: -3.50, 0.07; P = 0.059). In conclusion, our meta-analysis showed that chronic periodontitis is significantly associated with circulating levels of three oxidative stress biomarkers, indicating a role of chronic periodontitis in systemic diseases.
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Tamaki N, Cristina Orihuela-Campos R, Inagaki Y, Fukui M, Nagata T, Ito HO. Resveratrol improves oxidative stress and prevents the progression of periodontitis via the activation of the Sirt1/AMPK and the Nrf2/antioxidant defense pathways in a rat periodontitis model. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 75:222-9. [PMID: 25091897 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key factor regulating the systemic pathophysiological effects associated with periodontitis. Resveratrol is a phytochemical with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. We hypothesized that resveratrol may prevent the progression of periodontitis and reduce systemic oxidative stress through the activation of the sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant defense pathways. Three groups of male Wistar rats (periodontitis treated with melinjo resveratrol, periodontitis without resveratrol, and control rats with no periodontitis or resveratrol treatment) were examined. A ligature was placed around the maxillary molars for 3 weeks to induce periodontitis, and the rats were then given drinking water with or without melinjo resveratrol. In rats with periodontitis, ligature placement induced alveolar bone resorption, quantified using three-dimensional images taken by micro-CT, and increased proinflammatory cytokine levels in gingival tissue. Melinjo resveratrol intake relieved alveolar bone resorption and activated the Sirt1/AMPK and the Nrf2/antioxidant defense pathways in inflamed gingival tissues. Further, melinjo resveratrol improved the systemic levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine, dityrosine, nitric oxide metabolism, nitrotyrosine, and proinflammatory cytokines. We conclude that oral administration of melinjo resveratrol may prevent the progression of ligature-induced periodontitis and improve systemic oxidative and nitrosative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Tamaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
| | - Rita Cristina Orihuela-Campos
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Yuji Inagaki
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Makoto Fukui
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Nagata
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
| | - Hiro-O Ito
- Department of Preventive Dentistry and Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan
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Daiya S, Sharma RK, Tewari S, Narula SC, Kumar Sehgal P. Micronutrients and superoxide dismutase in postmenopausal women with chronic periodontitis: a pilot interventional study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2014; 44:207-13. [PMID: 25177523 PMCID: PMC4148634 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2014.44.4.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The study was aimed at investigating changes in periodontal parameters and superoxide dismutase activity triggered by root surface debridement with and without micronutrient supplementation in postmenopausal women. Methods Forty-three postmenopausal chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=22) were provided periodontal treatment in the form of scaling and root planing (SRP) and group 2 (n=21) patients received SRP along with systemic administration of micronutrient antioxidants. Patients in both groups were subjected to root surface debridement. Group 2 patients also received adjunctive micronutrient antioxidant supplementation. Serum and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity along with periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months after therapy. Results Salivary and serum SOD values significantly (P<0.05) improved with periodontal treatment. Improvement in systemic enzymatic antioxidant status along with reduction in gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing (%) sites was significantly greater in group 2 as compared to group 1. Conclusions Adjunctive micronutrient supplements reduce periodontal inflammation and improve the status of systemic enzymatic antioxidants in postmenopausal women. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Daiya
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Rajinder Kumar Sharma
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Shikha Tewari
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Satish Chander Narula
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, India
| | - Paramjeet Kumar Sehgal
- Department of Blood & Transfusion Medicine, Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, India
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Chakraborty S, Tewari S, Sharma RK, Narula SC. Effect of Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy on Serum Ferritin Levels: An Interventional Study. J Periodontol 2014; 85:688-96. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Longitudinal relationship between plasma reactive oxygen metabolites and periodontal condition in the maintenance phase of periodontal treatment. DISEASE MARKERS 2014; 2014:489292. [PMID: 24825927 PMCID: PMC4009222 DOI: 10.1155/2014/489292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aim. The present cohort study describes the longitudinal relationship between plasma oxidative status and periodontitis progression during the maintenance phase of treatment. Materials and Methods. Forty-five patients (mean age 58.8 years) were monitored from 2008 to 2013. Periodontal conditions, including probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL), were recorded. Measurements of plasma reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) and biologic antioxidant potential (BAP) were performed to evaluate plasma oxidative status. The patients were assigned into 2 groups as low and high plasma ROM level using a cut-off value which was median of plasma ROM level at baseline. Results. In the subjects with low plasma ROM level at baseline, changes in mean CAL were positively correlated with changes in plasma ROM levels, bleeding on probing, and plaque control record, but not with PPD. In the subjects with high plasma ROM at baseline, changes in CAL were significantly associated with only PPD at baseline. On the other hands there were no significant associations between changes in CAL and those in plasma BAP levels. Conclusions. When plasma ROM level in periodontitis patients was low, increases in plasma ROM level were associated with those in CAL during the maintenance phase of treatment.
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Chakraborty S, Tewari S, Sharma RK, Narula SC, Ghalaut PS, Ghalaut V. Impact of iron deficiency anemia on chronic periodontitis and superoxide dismutase activity: a cross-sectional study. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2014; 44:57-64. [PMID: 24778899 PMCID: PMC3999353 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2014.44.2.57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Both chronic periodontitis (CP) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) induce oxidative stress in the body and cause an imbalance between reactive oxygen species and antioxidants, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD). This study explored the SOD enzyme activity of saliva and serum in CP patients with and without IDA and analyzed the impact of IDA on CP. METHODS A total of 82 patients were divided into four groups: control group (CG, 22), periodontally healthy IDA patients (IDA-PH, 20), CP patients (CP, 20), and IDA patients with CP (IDA-CP, 20). After clinical measurements and samplings, serum and salivary SOD levels were determined using an SOD assay kit. RESULTS IDA-CP patients exhibited a higher gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and percentage (%) of sites with a clinical attachment loss (CAL) of ≥6 mm (P<0.008) than CP patients. The mean salivary and serum SOD levels were significantly lower in the IDA-PH, CP, and IDA-CP patients than in the CG group (P<0.008). A significant positive correlation between salivary and serum SOD activity was observed in IDA (P<0.05). Furthermore, serum and salivary SOD levels were significantly and negatively correlated with all periodontal parameters including the percentage of sites with CAL of 4-5 and ≥6 mm (P<0.05) except the significant correlation between salivary SOD activity and mean CAL and the percentage of sites with CAL of 4-5 mm (P>0.05) in these patients. CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, it may be suggested that IDA patients with chronic periodontitis have more periodontal breakdowns than patients with chronic periodontitis. Serum and salivary SOD activity levels were lower in the IDA-PH, CP and IDA-CP groups than in the CG. Iron deficiency anemia influenced the serum SOD activity but did not seem to affect the salivary SOD activity in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souvik Chakraborty
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Shikha Tewari
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Rajinder Kumar Sharma
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Satish Chander Narula
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Post Graduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Pratap Singh Ghalaut
- Department of Medicine, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Veena Ghalaut
- Department of Biochemistry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Chaudhary S, Gowda TM, Mehta DS, Kumar TAB. Comparative evaluation of plasma ROM levels in chronic periodontitis patients before and after non-surgical and surgical periodontal therapy: A clinical trial. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014; 18:140-4. [PMID: 24872618 PMCID: PMC4033876 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.131303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with increased levels of blood reactive oxygen species (ROS). So, treatment of CP may lead to decrease in blood ROS. However, not much literature is available comparing the effect of surgical and non-surgical periodontal treatment on blood ROS levels. Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) are a useful measure of blood ROS. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of periodontal treatment on plasma ROM levels in CP patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty CP patients and 15 controls were monitored. Plasma samples were collected at baseline and the clinical parameters were recorded. The CP patients were randomly divided into two groups: Scaling and root planing (Group II) and periodontal flap surgery (Group III). Both groups were re-evaluated 1 and 2 months after therapy. Clinical parameters were reviewed, plasma samples collected, and ROM levels were determined using a spectrophotometric technique. RESULTS At baseline, the ROM levels for Group II and Group III were 519.8 ± 62.4 and 513.4 ± 74.7 CARR U, respectively, which were higher than Group I value (282.9 ± 23.9, P < 0.001). Periodontal treatment in CP patients resulted in improvement of clinical parameters and a highly significant reduction in plasma ROM level (P < 0.001) after 2 months. Also, there was a more significant reduction in plasma ROM levels in Group III as compared to Group II (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In CP patients, surgical periodontal treatment was more effective in lowering the plasma ROM levels than when non-surgical periodontal treatment was performed alone and, therefore, may be more beneficial in reducing systemic oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Chaudhary
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Triveni M. Gowda
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Dhoom S. Mehta
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
| | - Tarun A. B. Kumar
- Department of Periodontics, Bapuji Dental College and Hospital, Davangere, Karnataka, India
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Irie K, Ekuni D, Tomofuji T, Morita M. Periodontitis and Liver Diseases. STUDIES ON PERIODONTAL DISEASE 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-9557-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Nishimura M, Takaki A, Tamaki N, Maruyama T, Onishi H, Kobayashi S, Nouso K, Yasunaka T, Koike K, Hagihara H, Kuwaki K, Nakamura S, Ikeda F, Iwasaki Y, Tomofuji T, Morita M, Yamamoto K. Serum oxidative-anti-oxidative stress balance is dysregulated in patients with hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2013; 43:1078-92. [PMID: 23363268 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 12/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM Oxidative stress is associated with progression of chronic liver disease (CLD). This association is best established in chronic hepatitis C. However, the anti-oxidative state is not well characterized. The objective of the present study was to investigate the balance of oxidative and anti-oxidative stress in CLD patients. METHODS We recruited a study population of 208 patients, including healthy volunteers (HV; n = 15), patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related CLD without or with hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-non-HCC, n = 25, and HBV-HCC, n = 50, respectively), and patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related CLD without or with HCC (HCV-non-HCC, n = 49, and HCV-HCC, n = 69, respectively). Serum levels of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) and anti-oxidative markers (OXY-adsorbent test; OXY) were determined, and the balance of these values was used as the oxidative index. Correlations among ROM, OXY, oxidative index and clinical characteristics were investigated. RESULTS Patients with CLD exhibited elevated ROM and oxidative index compared to HV. Among patients with CLD, HCV positive status correlated with increased ROM. In CLD, HCV-HCC patients exhibited the highest ROM levels. Among HCV-related CLD patients, lower OXY correlated with HCC positive status, but was recovered by eradication of HCC. In HCV-HCC, lower OXY correlated with high PT-INR. CONCLUSION HCV positive CLD patients displayed higher oxidative stress and HCV-HCC patients displayed lower anti-oxidative state. Anti-oxidative state depression was associated with liver reservoir-related data in HCV-HCC and could be reversed with HCC eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Nishimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
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Nemec A, Verstraete F, Jerin A, Šentjurc M, Kass P, Petelin M, Pavlica Z. Periodontal disease, periodontal treatment and systemic nitric oxide in dogs. Res Vet Sci 2013; 94:542-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2012] [Revised: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 10/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Singh N, Chander Narula S, Kumar Sharma R, Tewari S, Kumar Sehgal P. Vitamin E supplementation, superoxide dismutase status, and outcome of scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial. J Periodontol 2013; 85:242-9. [PMID: 23688096 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in serum and saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis (CP). In addition, the outcome of scaling and root planing (SRP) with and without vitamin E supplementation is evaluated in terms of changes in periodontal parameters and SOD activity in patients with CP. METHODS Serum and salivary SOD activity in 38 patients with CP were compared with those of 22 systemically and periodontally healthy individuals (control group). At periodontal examination, serum and saliva samples were obtained. Patients with CP were randomly divided into treatment groups 1 (TG-1) and 2 (TG-2). SRP was performed for both groups, and TG-2 also received 200 mg (300 IU) vitamin E every other day. Periodontal parameters and SOD activity were evaluated after 3 months. SOD activity was determined using an SOD assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader at 450 nm. RESULTS SOD activity in both serum (P <0.05) and saliva (P <0.001) was lower in patients with CP compared with controls. After 3 months of follow-up, SOD activity improved in both treatment groups; however, the improvement in TG-2 was higher than in TG-1, along with more improvement in periodontal parameters. Serum SOD levels in TG-2 increased even above the level of the control group. CONCLUSIONS Systemic and local SOD levels are lowered in CP. Adjunctive vitamin E supplementation improves periodontal healing as well as antioxidant defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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Benjamin T, Aziz AS, Kalekar MG, Suryakar AN, Prakashan MM, Bijle MNA. Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Some Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Biochemical Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Introduction
Chronic periodontitis is the inflammatory disease of the periodontium; the tissue that surround and support the teeth. The aim of the study was to estimate and compare some biochemical oxidative stress markers in patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy controls and to assess the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on these parameters.
Materials and methods
Eighty-two chronic periodontitis patients and 120 healthy controls were recruited for the study. The periodontal status was evaluated using gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). The biochemical parameters estimated were total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), antioxidant enzymes RBC-superoxide dismutase (RBC-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), vitamin C, malondialdehyde (MDA) and Creactive protein (CRP) were also evaluated. Nonsurgical periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing; SRP) was performed on chronic periodontitis patients and a follow-up was done after 3 months.
Results
The study suggests that oxidative stress is induced in chronic periodontitis, as the levels of CRP, MDA and RBC-SOD were significantly higher (p < 0.001) and those of TAOC, GPx and vitamin C were significantly lower (p < 0.001) compared to healthy controls at baseline. SRP therapy significantly improved the clinical and biochemical oxidative stress markers in periodontitis patients.
Conclusion
Chronic periodontitis patients show higher inflammatory manifestations and oxidative stress. SRP therapy helps in lowering inflammatory burden and improving systemic oxidant: Antioxidant imbalance. The SRP therapy may be a useful support in the control and prevention of various inflammatory diseases associated with periodontitis.
How to cite this article
Aziz AS, Kalekar MG, Benjamin T, Suryakar AN, Prakashan MM, Bijle MNA. Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Some Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis: A Biochemical Study. World J Dent 2013;4(1):17-23.
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Bertl K, Schoiber A, Haririan H, Laky M, Steiner I, Rausch WD, Andrukhov O, Rausch-Fan X. Non-surgical periodontal therapy influences salivary melatonin levels. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:1219-25. [PMID: 22847856 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Melatonin is a hormone, which is involved in the control of the circadian rhythm, but also acts as an antioxidant and immune modulator. Previous studies reported decreased salivary and serum melatonin levels in periodontitis. This prospective cohort trial assessed the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on melatonin levels. METHODS Salivary and serum samples of 60 participants (30 patients suffering from a severe generalized form of periodontitis, 30 healthy controls) were collected at baseline and 19 samples of periodontitis patients after treatment. Salivary and serum melatonin levels were determined by a commercially available ELISA kit and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) by a routine laboratory test. RESULTS At baseline, periodontitis patients showed significantly increased serum CRP values and significantly decreased salivary melatonin levels compared to the control group. Clinical periodontal parameters significantly correlated with salivary melatonin levels and serum CRP. Periodontal therapy resulted in a recovery of the decreased salivary melatonin levels and a negative correlation was detected for the changes of salivary melatonin and the inflammatory parameter bleeding on probing. Serum melatonin levels showed no significant differences. CONCLUSIONS Salivary melatonin levels recovered after periodontal therapy and correlated with a decrease of local periodontal inflammation. This may imply the local involvement of melatonin in the pathogenesis of periodontitis due to its antioxidant abilities. However, the exact role of melatonin in periodontal disease remains to be investigated in future trials. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The present results suggest salivary melatonin as a risk indicator for the severity of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Bertl
- Division of Oral Surgery, Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria
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Kasuyama K, Tomofuji T, Ekuni D, Tamaki N, Azuma T, Irie K, Endo Y, Morita M. Hydrogen-rich water attenuates experimental periodontitis in a rat model. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38:1085-90. [PMID: 22092571 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01801.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM Reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development of periodontitis. As molecular hydrogen can act as a scavenger of ROS, we examined the effects of treatment with hydrogen-rich water on a rat model of periodontitis. MATERIAL & METHODS A ligature was placed around the maxillary molars for 4 weeks to induce periodontitis, and the animals were given drinking water with or without hydrogen-rich water. RESULTS The rats with periodontitis which were treated with pure water showed a time-dependent increase in serum ROS level. Compared with the rats without periodontitis, the periodontitis-induced rats which were given pure water also showed polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration and alveolar bone loss at 4 weeks. Hydrogen-rich water intake inhibited an increase in serum ROS level and lowered expression of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and nitrotyrosine in the periodontal tissue at 4 weeks. Such conditions prevented polymorphonuclear leucocyte infiltration and osteoclast differentiation following periodontitis progression. Furthermore, inflammatory signalling pathways, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases, were less activated in periodontal lesions from hydrogen-rich water-treated rats as compared with pure water-treated rats. CONCLUSION Consuming hydrogen-rich water might be beneficial in suppressing periodontitis progression by decreasing gingival oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kasuyama
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kita-ku, Okayama, Japan
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Tamaki N, Takaki A, Tomofuji T, Endo Y, Kasuyama K, Ekuni D, Yasunaka T, Yamamoto K, Morita M. Stage of hepatocellular carcinoma is associated with periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38:1015-20. [PMID: 22092473 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01777.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM Periodontitis induces overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This state increases circulating ROS levels and may affect hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Japan Integrated Stage (JIS) score is a novel staging system for HCC. The objective of the present study was to compare JIS scores in HCC patients with and without periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS We recruited 64 HCC patients comprising 31 chronic periodontitis subjects (HCC + P) and 33 periodontally healthy controls (HCC + H). Their JIS scores were recorded. Serum levels of reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) from HCC + P, HCC + H and healthy age- and gender-matched subjects with healthy gingiva (control, n = 15) were also assessed for circulating ROS levels. RESULTS The HCC + P and HCC + H groups had similar body mass index, habitual drinking and tobacco exposure data. The HCC + P group showed higher JIS scores than the HCC + H group (p = 0.027). Both the HCC + P and HCC + H groups had higher serum levels of ROM than controls (p < 0.001), while serum levels of ROM in the HCC + P group were a further 25.8% higher than those in the HCC + H group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION HCC patients with periodontitis had higher JIS score and circulating ROS level than HCC patients without periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naofumi Tamaki
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Azuma T, Tomofuji T, Endo Y, Tamaki N, Ekuni D, Irie K, Kasuyama K, Kato T, Morita M. Effects of exercise training on gingival oxidative stress in obese rats. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:768-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2010] [Revised: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 01/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Tsioufis C, Kasiakogias A, Thomopoulos C, Stefanadis C. Periodontitis and blood pressure: the concept of dental hypertension. Atherosclerosis 2011; 219:1-9. [PMID: 21640351 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 03/24/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis is a common inflammatory disorder that is being contemplated as a risk factor for atherosclerotic complications. Current epidemiological evidence also supports its potential association with increases in blood pressure levels and hypertension prevalence. Furthermore, data from cross-sectional studies suggest that in hypertensive subjects periodontitis may enhance the risk and degree of target organ damage. A possible pathogenetic background of an effect of periodontitis on blood pressure should include the systemic generalization of the local oral inflammation, the role of the host immune response, the direct microbial effect on the vascular system and alterations in endothelial function. Inversely, the concept of hypertension unfavorably affecting periodontal tissues cannot be excluded. The two conditions share multiple common risk factors that should be readily controlled for when assessing a possible association. Thoroughly designed prospective and interventional trials are needed in order to determine the impact of periodontitis on blood pressure regulation and incident hypertension and its integration in the clinical approach of both dental and hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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D'Aiuto F, Nibali L, Parkar M, Patel K, Suvan J, Donos N. Oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, and severe periodontitis. J Dent Res 2010; 89:1241-6. [PMID: 20739696 DOI: 10.1177/0022034510375830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal infections have been associated with a state of chronic inflammation. To ascertain whether severe periodontitis and its treatment are associated with oxidative stress, we recruited 145 cases (periodontitis) and 56 controls in a case-control study. A further pilot intervention study of 14 cases (periodontal therapy) was performed. Blood samples were taken at baseline (case-control) and 1, 3, 5, 7, and 30 days after treatment (intervention). Diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (D-ROM), anti-oxidant potential, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and lipid profiles were determined with high-sensitivity assays in serum. Patients with severe periodontitis exhibited higher D-ROM levels (P < 0.001) and lower total anti-oxidant capacity (P < 0.001) compared with healthy control individuals. These findings were independent of age, gender, smoking habits, ethnicity, and standard lipids differences. D-ROM levels were positively correlated with CRP (R = 0.4, P < 0.001) and clinical periodontal parameters (R = 0.20, P < 0.05). Acute increases of D-ROM (P < 0.01) were observed following periodontal therapy. Analysis of these data suggests a positive association between severe periodontitis and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, Division of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and Hospital, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK.
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Tamaki N, Tomofuji T, Ekuni D, Yamanaka R, Morita M. Periodontal treatment decreases plasma oxidized LDL level and oxidative stress. Clin Oral Investig 2010; 15:953-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-010-0458-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 07/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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