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Hegde AR, Kunder MU, Narayanaswamy M, Murugesan S, Furtado SC, Veerabhadraiah BB, Srinivasan B. Advancements in sunscreen formulations: integrating polyphenolic nanocarriers and nanotechnology for enhanced UV protection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:38061-38082. [PMID: 38806984 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Sunscreens are essential in protecting the skin from harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation (UVR). These formulations, designed to absorb, block, or scatter UVR, offer vital protection against skin aging, sunburns, and the development of skin cancers like melanomas. However, some sunscreens, especially those containing organic/chemical compounds, can cause allergic reactions. To address this, researchers are extensively investigating formulations that incorporate plant extracts rich in polyphenols, such as flavonoids and carotenoids, which can be considered safer alternatives. Products derived from plants are commonly used in cosmetics to counteract skin aging due to their antioxidant activity that combat harmful free radicals. This review focuses on evaluating the advancements in chemical and natural sunscreens, exploring the integration of polyphenolic nanocarriers within sunscreen formulas, their interaction with UVR, and utilizing nanotechnology to enhance their effectiveness. An attempt has been made to highlight the concerns related to toxicity associated with their use and notable advancements in the regulatory aspects governing their utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathi Raju Hegde
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India.
| | - Manisha Uday Kunder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Megha Narayanaswamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Shruthi Murugesan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Sharon Caroline Furtado
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavaraj Basappa Veerabhadraiah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
| | - Bharath Srinivasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, M.S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Gnanagangothri Campus, New B.E.L. Road, M.S.R. Nagar, M.S.R.I.T Post, Bengaluru, 560054, Karnataka, India
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2
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Fang Q, Li Y, Xiong F, Hu X, Song Y, Shen W, Dong H, Shi X, Wang H. Formulation and Characterization of Ethosomes for Transdermal Delivery of Prinsepia Utilis Rogle Seed Oil with Ameliorative Effects against UVB-Induced Skin Damage. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:122. [PMID: 38816546 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02822-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Prinsepia utilis seed oil (PUSO) is a natural medication obtained from Prinsepia utilis Rogle seed, which has been used for the treatment of skin diseases. The study aims to prepare ethosomes with high drug loading as a water-soluble transdermal vehicle to enhance the transdermal delivery of PUSO. PUSO-loaded ethosomes (PEs) were prepared using a cold method, and optimized by an orthogonal experimental design with entrapment efficiency (EE) as the dependent variable. The PEs prepared with the optimized formulation showed good stability, with a spherical shape under transmission electron microscopy (TEM), average particle size of 39.12 ± 0.85 nm, PDI of 0.270 ± 0.01, zeta potential of -11.3 ± 0.24 mV, and EE of 95.93 ± 0.43%. PEs significantly increased the skin deposition of PUSO compared to the PUSO suspension (P < 0.001). Moreover, the optimum formula showed significant ameliorative effects on ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-associated macroscopic and histopathological changes in mice skin. Therefore, PEs represent a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of UVB-induced skin inflammation, with the potential for industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - You Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbing Shen
- Instrumental Analysis Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Haijuan Dong
- Instrumental Analysis Center, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Lin J, Yu Z, Cheng J, Cheng J, Cui W. Rigid-flexible nanocarriers loaded with active peptides for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory applications in skin. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 236:113772. [PMID: 38394858 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Peptides are recognized as highly effective and safe bioactive ingredients. However, t their practical application is limited and hampered by harsh conditions for practical drug delivery. Hence, a novel peptide nanocarrier of copper peptide (GHK-Cu) encapsulation developed by liposome technology combined with the classical Chinese concept of rigidity and flexibility. Different polyols were selected as modification ligands for phospholipid bilayers to construct a nano drug-carrying system with high loading rate, good stability and biocompatibility. In vitro, this complex not only significantly retarded the release ability of copper peptides, but also enabled copper peptides to be effectively resistant to enzymatic degradation. Furthermore, cellular experiments showed that this system mainly regulates Nrf2, SIRT1, and PEG2/COX-2-related signaling pathways, thus effectively counteracting cellular inflammation, senescence, and apoptosis from oxidative damage. Interestingly, a green, non-toxic, efficient and convenient antioxidant system was developed for the prevention and deceleration of skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jialiang Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zihao Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinbo Cheng
- Zhuhai Hairology Biotech Co., Ltd, Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecological Remediation for Industrial Agglomeration Area, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Weikang Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Shanmugavadivu A, Lekhavadhani S, Miranda PJ, Selvamurugan N. Current approaches in tissue engineering-based nanotherapeutics for osteosarcoma treatment. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:022003. [PMID: 38324905 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad270b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone neoplasm plagued by poor prognosis. Major treatment strategies include chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Chemotherapy to treat OS has severe adverse effects due to systemic toxicity to healthy cells. A possible way to overcome the limitation is to utilize nanotechnology. Nanotherapeutics is an emerging approach in treating OS using nanoparticulate drug delivery systems. Surgical resection of OS leaves a critical bone defect requiring medical intervention. Recently, tissue engineered scaffolds have been reported to provide physical support to bone defects and aid multimodal treatment of OS. These scaffolds loaded with nanoparticulate delivery systems could also actively repress tumor growth and aid new bone formation. The rapid developments in nanotherapeutics and bone tissue engineering have paved the way for improved treatment efficacy for OS-related bone defects. This review focuses on current bifunctional nanomaterials-based tissue engineered (NTE) scaffolds that use novel approaches such as magnetic hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, bioceramic and polymeric nanotherapeutics against OS. With further optimization and screening, NTE scaffolds could meet clinical applications for treating OS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abinaya Shanmugavadivu
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sundaravadhanan Lekhavadhani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Nagarajan Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
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Todorović A, Bobić K, Veljković F, Pejić S, Glumac S, Stanković S, Milovanović T, Vukoje I, Nedeljković JM, Radojević Škodrić S, Pajović SB, Drakulić D. Comparable Toxicity of Surface-Modified TiO 2 Nanoparticles: An In Vivo Experimental Study on Reproductive Toxicity in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:231. [PMID: 38397829 PMCID: PMC10886084 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs), a distinct class of particles ranging in size from 1 to 100 nm, are one of the most promising technologies of the 21st century, and titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2 NPs) are among the most widely produced and used NPs globally. The increased application of TiO2 NPs raises concerns regarding their global safety and risks of exposure. Many animal studies have reported the accumulation of TiO2 NPs in female reproductive organs; however, evidence of the resultant toxicity remains ambiguous. Since the surface area and chemical modifications of NPs can significantly change their cytotoxicity, we aimed to compare the toxic effects of pristine TiO2 powder with surface-modified TiO2 powders with salicylic acid (TiO2/SA) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (TiO2/5-ASA) on the ovaries, oviducts, and uterus on the 14th day following acute oral treatment. The results, based on alterations in food and water intake, body mass, organ-to-body mass ratio, hormonal status, histological features of tissues of interest, and antioxidant parameters, suggest that the modification with 5-ASA can mitigate some of the observed toxic effects of TiO2 powder and encourage future investigations to create NPs that can potentially reduce the harmful effects of TiO2 NPs while preserving their positive impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Todorović
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (K.B.); (S.P.); (S.B.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Katarina Bobić
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (K.B.); (S.P.); (S.B.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Filip Veljković
- Department of Physical Chemistry, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Snežana Pejić
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (K.B.); (S.P.); (S.B.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Sofija Glumac
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sanja Stanković
- Centre for Medical Biochemistry, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 550601 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Ivana Vukoje
- Department of Radiation Chemistry and Physics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.V.); (J.M.N.)
| | - Jovan M. Nedeljković
- Department of Radiation Chemistry and Physics, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.V.); (J.M.N.)
| | | | - Snežana B. Pajović
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (K.B.); (S.P.); (S.B.P.); (D.D.)
| | - Dunja Drakulić
- Department of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.T.); (K.B.); (S.P.); (S.B.P.); (D.D.)
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6
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Giri VP, Pandey S, Shukla P, Gupta SC, Srivastava M, Rao CV, Shukla SV, Dwivedi A, Mishra A. Facile Fabrication of Sandalwood Oil-Based Nanoemulsion to Intensify the Fatty Acid Composition in Burned and Rough Skin. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6305-6315. [PMID: 38371762 PMCID: PMC10870268 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The restoration process of burned and rough skin takes a long time and remains a critical challenge. It can be repaired through a combination of proper care, hydration, and topical therapies. In this study, a novel nanoemulsion was synthesized through the high-energy ultrasonication method. A total of five nanoemulsions (NE1-5) were prepared with varying concentrations of sandalwood oil, a nonionic surfactant (polysorbate 80), and water. Among them, NE3 had a number of appropriate physicochemical characteristics, such as physiological pH (5.58 ± 0.09), refractive index (∼1.34), electrical conductivity (115 ± 0.23 mS cm-1), and transmittance (∼96.5%), which were suitable for skin care applications. The NE3 had a strong surface potential of -18.5 ± 0.15 mV and a hydrodynamic size of 61.99 ± 0.22 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.204. The structural integrity and a distinct droplet size range between 50 and 100 nm were confirmed by transmission electron microscopic analysis. The skin regeneration and restoration abilities of synthesized nanoemulsions were examined by conducting an in vivo study on Sprague-Dawley rats. Exposure to NE3 significantly increased the healing process in burned skin as compared to untreated control and nonemulsified sandalwood oil. In another set of experiments, the NE3-treated rough skin became softer, smoother, and less scaly than all other treatments. Enhanced fatty acids, i.e., palmitic acid, stearic acid, and cholesterol, were recorded in NE3-supplemented burned and rough skin compared to the untreated control. The NE3 had outstanding compatibility with key components of skincare products without any stability issues. Its biocompatibility with the cellular system was established by the negligible generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a lack of genotoxicity. Considering these results, NE3 can be used in cosmetic products such as creams, lotions, and serums, allowing industries to achieve improved product formulations and provide better healthcare benefits to humanity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ved Prakash Giri
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Shipra Pandey
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Pallavi Shukla
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sateesh Chandra Gupta
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manjoosha Srivastava
- Phytochemistry
Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Chandana Venkateswara Rao
- Pharmacology
Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research
Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | | | - Ashish Dwivedi
- Photobiology
Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology
Research, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Aradhana Mishra
- Microbial
Technology Division, CSIR-National Botanical
Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Cunha SA, Coscueta ER, Alexandre AMRC, Partidário AMC, Fernández N, Paiva A, Silva JL, Pintado ME. Enzymatic hydrolysis allows an integral valorization of Nannochloropsis oceanica resulting in the production of bioactive peptide extracts and an eicosapentaenoic acid enriched fraction. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300291. [PMID: 38013664 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Nannochloropsis oceanica is a microalga with relevant protein content, making it a potential source of bioactive peptides. Furthermore, it is also rich in fatty acids, with a special focus on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid mainly obtained from marine animal sources, with high importance for human health. N. oceanica has a rigid cell wall constraining protein extraction, thus hydrolyzing it may help increase its components' extractability. Therefore, a Box-Behnken experimental design was carried out to optimize the hydrolysis. The hydrolysate A showed 67% ± 0.7% of protein, antioxidant activity of 1166 ± 63.7 μmol TE g-1 of protein and an ACE inhibition with an IC50 of 379 μg protein mL-1 . The hydrolysate B showed 60% ± 1.8% of protein, antioxidant activity of 775 ± 13.0 μmol TE g-1 of protein and an ACE inhibition with an IC50 of 239 μg protein mL-1 . The by-product showed higher yields of total fatty acids when compared to "raw" microalgae, being 5.22% and 1%, respectively. The sustainable developed methodology led to the production of one fraction rich in bioactive peptides and another with interesting EPA content, both with value-added properties with potential to be commercialized as ingredients for different industrial applications, such as functional food, supplements, or cosmetic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Cunha
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ezequiel R Coscueta
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
| | - Agostinho M R C Alexandre
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Naiara Fernández
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Paiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE-Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry (LAQV) of the Network of Chemistry and Technology (REQUIMTE), Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | | | - Manuela E Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Porto, Portugal
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Mascarenhas-Melo F, Mathur A, Murugappan S, Sharma A, Tanwar K, Dua K, Singh SK, Mazzola PG, Yadav DN, Rengan AK, Veiga F, Paiva-Santos AC. Inorganic nanoparticles in dermopharmaceutical and cosmetic products: Properties, formulation development, toxicity, and regulatory issues. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:25-40. [PMID: 37739239 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology strategies is a current hot topic, and research in this field has been growing significantly in the cosmetics industry. Inorganic nanoparticles stand out in this context for their distinctive physicochemical properties, leading in particular to an increased refractive index and absorption capacity giving them a broad potential for cutaneous applications and making them of special interest in research for dermopharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes. This performance is responsible for its heavy inclusion in the manufacture of skin health products such as sunscreens, lotions, beauty creams, skin ointments, makeup, and others. In particular, their suitable bandgap energy characteristics allow them to be used as photocatalytic semiconductors. They provide excellent UV absorption, commonly known as UV filters, and are responsible for their wide worldwide use in sunscreen formulations without the undesirable white residue after consumer application. In addition, cosmetics based on inorganic nanoparticles have several additional characteristics relevant to formulation development, such as being less expensive compared to other nanomaterials, having greater stability, and ensuring less irritation, itching, and propensity for skin allergies. This review will address in detail the main inorganic nanoparticles used in dermopharmaceutical and cosmetic products, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, silicon dioxide, silver, gold, copper, and aluminum nanoparticles, nanocrystals, and quantum dots, reporting their physicochemical characteristics, but also their additional intrinsic properties that contribute to their use in this type of formulations. Safety issues regarding inorganic nanoparticles, based on toxicity studies, both to humans and the environment, as well as regulatory affairs associated with their use in dermopharmaceuticals and cosmetics, will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Mascarenhas-Melo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ankita Mathur
- Abode Biotec India Private Limited, Hyderbad, Telangana, India
| | - Sivasubramanian Murugappan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India; Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Arpana Sharma
- Department of Life Sciences, Mewar University, Gangrar, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab-144411, India
| | | | - Dokkari Nagalaxmi Yadav
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Rengan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana, India
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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9
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Patel P, Pal R, Butani K, Singh S, Prajapati BG. Nanomedicine-fortified cosmeceutical serums for the mitigation of psoriasis and acne. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:1769-1793. [PMID: 37990979 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cosmetics have a long history of use for regenerative and therapeutic purposes that are appealing to both genders. The untapped potential of nanotechnology in cosmeceuticals promises enhanced efficacy and addresses the issues associated with conventional cosmetics. In the field of cosmetics, the incorporation of nanomedicine using various nanocarriers such as vesicle and solid lipid nanoparticles significantly enhances product effectiveness and promotes satisfaction, especially in tackling prevalent skin diseases. Moreover, vesicle-fortified serum is known for high skin absorption with the capacity to incorporate and deliver various therapeutics. Additionally, nano-embedded serum-based cosmeceuticals hold promise for treating various skin disorders, including acne and psoriasis, heralding potential therapeutic advancements. This review explores diverse nanotechnology-based approaches for delivering cosmetics with maximum benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Rohit Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Krishna Butani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat, 360005, India
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Bhupendra G Prajapati
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Shree S.K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Ganpat University, Mehsana, Gujarat, 384012, India
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10
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Graciela CQ, José Juan EC, Gieraldin CL, Xóchitl Alejandra PM, Gabriel AÁ. Hyaluronic Acid-Extraction Methods, Sources and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3473. [PMID: 37631529 PMCID: PMC10459667 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, a compilation of articles in databases on the extraction methods and applications of hyaluronic acid (HA) was carried out. HA is a highly hydrated component of different tissues, including connective, epithelial, and neural. It is an anionic, linear glycosaminoglycan (GAG) primarily found in the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of soft connective tissues. Included in the review were studies on the extraction methods (chemical, enzymatical, combined) of HA, describing advantages and disadvantages as well as news methods of extraction. The applications of HA in food are addressed, including oral supplementation, biomaterials, medical research, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry applications. Subsequently, we included a section related to the structure and penetration routes of the skin, with emphasis on the benefits of systems for transdermal drug delivery nanocarriers as promoters of percutaneous absorption. Finally, the future trends on the applications of HA were included. This final section contains the effects before, during, and after the application of HA-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callejas-Quijada Graciela
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
| | - Escobar-Chávez José Juan
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Laboratorio 12: Sistemas Transdérmicos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Campos-Lozada Gieraldin
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
| | - Pérez-Marroquín Xóchitl Alejandra
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
| | - Aguirre-Álvarez Gabriel
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
- Uni-Collagen S.A. de C.V., Arnulfo González No. 203, El Paraíso, Tulancingo C.P. 43684, Hidalgo, Mexico
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11
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Lu W, Luo D, Chen D, Zhang S, Chen X, Zhou H, Liu Q, Chen S, Liu W. Systematic Study of Paeonol/Madecassoside Co-Delivery Nanoemulsion Transdermal Delivery System for Enhancing Barrier Repair and Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy. Molecules 2023; 28:5275. [PMID: 37446936 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensitive skin is defined as skin with low tolerance and high reactivity. Natural products, such as paeoniflorin and madecassoside, have unique skin care functionality. However, because they are hampered by the skin barrier, paeoniflorin and madecassoside have difficulty penetrating the stratum corneum, resulting in weakened skin barrier repair and anti-inflammatory effects. In addition, there is a lack of detailed studies on the efficacy of paeonol and madecassic in human skin, especially in 3D skin models and clinical trials. To overcome the low transdermal delivery issue, we developed nanoemulsions (PM-NEs) loaded with paeonol and madecassoside to improve their delivery efficiency and promote sensitive skin repair and anti-inflammation effects. Furthermore, systematic evaluations of the efficacy in cell line models, 3D skin models, and clinical trials were conducted. The PM-NEs effectively improved the efficacy of paeonol and madecassoside glucoside transdermal penetration and retention and enhanced cellular uptake. Cellular assays and 3D epidermal models showed that the PM-NEs significantly promoted the secretion of filamentous protein, aquaporin 3, Claudin-1, and hyaluronic acid, and considerably inhibited the secretion of interleukin 1α, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and prostaglandin E2 compared to free components. Notably, clinical trial data showed that the PM-NEs significantly reduced transepidermal water loss, a* values, erythropoietin, the amount of non-inflammatory acne, and the amount of inflammatory acne in the facial skin. Three levels of systematic studies suggest that co-delivery of paeoniflorin and madecassoside via nanoemulsions is a promising strategy to improve topical delivery efficiency and anti-inflammatory repair efficacy in sensitive skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangwang Lu
- Guangzhou Jiyan Cosmetics Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Dan Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Dan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangzhou Jiyan Cosmetics Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Institute for Biomaterials, Tech Institute for Advanced Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, NJTech-BARTY Joint Research Center for Innovative Medical Technology, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Liu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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12
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Elderderi S, Bonnier F, Perse X, Byrne HJ, Yvergnaux F, Chourpa I, Elbashir AA, Munnier E. Label-Free Quantification of Nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters in Cosmetic Hydrogels Using Raman Spectroscopy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1571. [PMID: 37376021 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is a well-established technique for the molecular characterisation of samples and does not require extensive pre-analytical processing for complex cosmetic products. As an illustration of its potential, this study investigates the quantitative performance of Raman spectroscopy coupled with partial least squares regression (PLSR) for the analysis of Alginate nanoencapsulated Piperonyl Esters (ANC-PE) incorporated into a hydrogel. A total of 96 ANC-PE samples covering a 0.4% w/w-8.3% w/w PE concentration range have been prepared and analysed. Despite the complex formulation of the sample, the spectral features of the PE can be detected and used to quantify the concentrations. Using a leave-K-out cross-validation approach, samples were divided into a training set (n = 64) and a test set, samples that were previously unknown to the PLSR model (n = 32). The root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) and prediction (RMSEP) was evaluated to be 0.142% (w/w PE) and 0.148% (w/w PE), respectively. The accuracy of the prediction model was further evaluated by the percent relative error calculated from the predicted concentration compared to the true value, yielding values of 3.58% for the training set and 3.67% for the test set. The outcome of the analysis demonstrated the analytical power of Raman to obtain label-free, non-destructive quantification of the active cosmetic ingredient, presently PE, in complex formulations, holding promise for future analytical quality control (AQC) applications in the cosmetics industry with rapid and consumable-free analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suha Elderderi
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, P.O. Box 20, Wad Madani 21111, Sudan
| | - Franck Bonnier
- LVMH Recherche, 185 Avenue de Verdun, 45804 Saint Jean de Braye, France
| | - Xavier Perse
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Hugh J Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, TU Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, D08 CKP1 Dublin 8, Ireland
| | | | - Igor Chourpa
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Abdalla A Elbashir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 321, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | - Emilie Munnier
- EA 6295 Nanomédicaments et Nanosondes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
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13
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Zhang Y, Le Y, Guo J, Wu F, Li Q, Lu P. Barrier function and ultrastructure characteristics of epidermis in patients with primary cutaneous amyloidosis. J Dermatol 2023. [PMID: 37157942 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies on primary cutaneous amyloidosis (PCA) have mainly focused on exploring genetic mutation and components of amyloid in patients with PCA. However, studies on skin barrier function in PCA patients are scarce. Here, we detected the skin barrier function in PCA patients and healthy people by using noninvasive techniques and characterized ultrastructural features of PCA lesions compared with healthy people using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The expression of proteins related to skin barrier function was examined by immunohistochemistry staining. A total of 191 patients with clinically diagnosed PCA and 168 healthy individuals were enrolled in the study. Our analysis revealed that all investigated lesion areas displayed higher transepidermal water loss and pH values, and lower Sebum levels and stratum corneum hydration levels in PCA patients compared with the same site area in healthy individuals. The TEM results showed that the intercellular spaces between the basal cells were enlarged and the number of hemidesmosomes decreased in PCA lesions. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of integrin α6 and E-cadherin in PCA patients was less than that in healthy controls, while no differences in the expression of loricrin and filaggrin were observed. Our study revealed that individuals with PCA displayed skin barrier dysfunction, which may be related to alterations in epidermal ultrastructure and a decrease in the skin barrier-related protein E-cadherin. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying skin barrier dysfunction in PCA remain to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuling Zhang
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Dermatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ya Le
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junyi Guo
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Wu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Li
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lu
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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14
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Dini I, Mancusi A. Food Peptides for the Nutricosmetic Industry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040788. [PMID: 37107162 PMCID: PMC10135249 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, numerous reports have described bioactive peptides (biopeptides)/hydrolysates produced from various food sources. Biopeptides are considered interesting for industrial application since they show numerous functional properties (e.g., anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties) and technological properties (e.g., solubility, emulsifying, and foaming). Moreover, they have fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. Nevertheless, some challenges must be overcome before their administration via the oral route. The gastric, pancreatic, and small intestinal enzymes and acidic stomach conditions can affect their bioavailability and the levels that can reach the site of action. Some delivery systems have been studied to avoid these problems (e.g., microemulsions, liposomes, solid lipid particles). This paper summarizes the results of studies conducted on biopeptides isolated from plants, marine organisms, animals, and biowaste by-products, discusses their potential application in the nutricosmetic industry, and considers potential delivery systems that could maintain their bioactivity. Our results show that food peptides are environmentally sustainable products that can be used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-aging, and anti-inflammatory agents in nutricosmetic formulations. Biopeptide production from biowaste requires expertise in analytical procedures and good manufacturing practice. It is hoped that new analytical procedures can be developed to simplify large-scale production and that the authorities adopt and regulate use of appropriate testing standards to guarantee the population's safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancusi
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy
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15
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Zhang X, Chen S, Luo D, Chen D, Zhou H, Zhang S, Chen X, Lu W, Liu W. Systematic Study of Resveratrol Nanoliposomes Transdermal Delivery System for Enhancing Anti-Aging and Skin-Brightening Efficacy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062738. [PMID: 36985709 PMCID: PMC10058087 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the stratum corneum barrier, resveratrol is difficult to be absorbed transdermally, limiting its anti-aging and skin-brightening effects. Furthermore, there is a lack of systematic studies on the efficacy of resveratrol in human skin, especially in three-dimensional skin models and clinical trials. To overcome the low transdermal delivery issue, we encapsulated resveratrol into nanoliposomes using the high-pressure homogenization method to develop an efficient transdermal drug delivery system, and systematically evaluated its anti-aging and skin-brightening efficacy via cell line models, a three-dimensional skin model and human skin. The resveratrol nanoliposomes effectively improved the transdermal penetration and retention of resveratrol and enhanced cellular uptake. In addition, compared to free resveratrol, resveratrol nanoliposomes remarkably enhanced the skin-care effects by promoting the antioxidant capacity and collagen synthesis, inhibiting the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases, tyrosine activity and melanin synthesis. Notably, human clinical trials proved the anti-wrinkle and skin-brightening effectiveness of resveratrol nanoliposomes. Three levels of systematic studies indicated that resveratrol nanoliposomes could be a promising transdermal drug delivery system to enhance the anti-aging and skin-brightening effects of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Suqian Advanced Materials Industry Technology Innovation Center, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Dan Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Dan Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shuting Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuan Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wangwang Lu
- Guangzhou Jiyan Cosmetics Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430075, China
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16
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Ataide JA, Coco JC, dos Santos ÉM, Beraldo-Araujo V, Silva JRA, de Castro KC, Lopes AM, Filipczak N, Yalamarty SSK, Torchilin VP, Mazzola PG. Co-Encapsulation of Drugs for Topical Application-A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031449. [PMID: 36771111 PMCID: PMC9921006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Achieving the best possible outcome for the therapy is the main goal of a medicine. Therefore, nanocarriers and co-delivery strategies were invented to meet this need, as they can benefit many diseases. This approach was applied specifically for cancer treatment, with some success. However, these strategies may benefit many other clinical issues. Skin is the largest and most exposed organ of the human body, with physiological and psychological properties. Due to its exposition and importance, it is not difficult to understand how many skin diseases may impact on patients' lives, representing an important burden for society. Thus, this review aims to summarize the state of the art in research concerning nanocarriers and co-delivery strategies for topical agents' applications targeting skin diseases. The challenge for the medicine of the future is to deliver the drug with spatial and temporal control. Therefore, the co-encapsulation of drugs and the appropriate form of administration for them are so important and remain as unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaína Artem Ataide
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julia Cedran Coco
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Érica Mendes dos Santos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Viviane Beraldo-Araujo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - André Moreni Lopes
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
| | - Nina Filipczak
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Vladimir P. Torchilin
- Center for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-373-3206; Fax: +1-617-373-8886
| | - Priscila Gava Mazzola
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-871, SP, Brazil
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17
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Rohilla S, Rohilla A, Narwal S, Dureja H, Bhagwat DP. Global Trends of Cosmeceutical in Nanotechnology: A Review. Pharm Nanotechnol 2023; 11:410-424. [PMID: 37157203 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230508161611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology suggests different innovative solutions to augment the worth of cosmetic products through the targeted delivery of content that manifests scientific innovation in research and development. Different nanosystems, like liposomes, niosomes, microemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoform lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, and nanospheres, are employed in cosmetics. These nanosystems exhibit various innovative cosmetic functions, including site-specific targeting, controlled content release, more stability, improved skin penetration and enhanced entrapment efficiency of loaded compounds. Thus, cosmeceuticals are assumed as the highest-progressing fragment of the personal care industries that have progressed drastically over the years. In recent decades, cosmetic science has widened the origin of its application in different fields. Nanosystems in cosmetics are beneficial in treating different conditions like hyperpigmentation, wrinkles, dandruff, photoaging and hair damage. This review highlights the different nanosystems used in cosmetics for the targeted delivery of loaded content and commercially available formulations. Moreover, this review article has delineated different patented nanocosmetic formulation nanosystems and future aspects of nanocarriers in cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Rohilla
- Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET), Smalkha, Panipat, Haryana, 132102, India
| | - Ankur Rohilla
- Department of Pharmacology, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, 140413, Mohali, India
| | - Sonia Narwal
- Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET), Smalkha, Panipat, Haryana, 132102, India
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Prabhakar Bhagwat
- Department of Pharmacy, Panipat Institute of Engineering and Technology (PIET), Smalkha, Panipat, Haryana, 132102, India
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18
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Miura S, Yamagishi R, Miyazaki R, Yasuda K, Kawano Y, Yokoyama Y, Sugino N, Kameda T, Takei S. Fabrication of High-Resolution Fine Microneedles Derived from Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid Gels in Vacuum Environment Imprinting Using Water Permeable Mold. Gels 2022; 8:785. [PMID: 36547309 PMCID: PMC9777786 DOI: 10.3390/gels8120785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid high-resolution fine microneedles of 13 µm in diameter and 24 µm in height were fabricated from hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid gels made in mixtures of water using vacuum environment imprint lithography processes with a water permeable mold. The gas traps of water and volatile solvents in the imprint materials cause transfer failure in the conventional water impermeable molds of quartz and metal. However, the water permeable mold allows the use of 67 wt% dilution water with high solubility to increase the fluidity of the hydrolyzed hyaluronic acid during the patterning of high-resolution fine microneedles for cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. This demonstration sets a new paradigm of functional pure gels for high-resolution nano-patterning applications with various cosmetic and pharmaceutical materials containing dilution water using a water permeable mold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayaka Miura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Rio Yamagishi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Riku Miyazaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Kaori Yasuda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawano
- Toyama Industrial Technology Research and Development Center, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0981, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yokoyama
- Toyama Industrial Technology Research and Development Center, Takaoka, Toyama 933-0981, Japan
| | - Naoto Sugino
- Futuristic Technology Department, Sanko Gosei, Nanto, Toyama 939-1852, Japan
| | - Takao Kameda
- Futuristic Technology Department, Sanko Gosei, Nanto, Toyama 939-1852, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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19
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Gupta P, Singh A, Singh N, Ali F, Tyagi A, Shanmugam SK. Healing Potential of Propolis Extract– Passiflora edulis Seed Oil Emulgel Against Excisional Wound: Biochemical, Histopathological, and Cytokines Level Evidence. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2022; 20:300-316. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Gupta
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Ashish Singh
- I.T.S. College of Pharmacy (Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Neelam Singh
- I.T.S. College of Pharmacy (Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Faraat Ali
- Botswana Medicines Regulatory Authority, Gaborone, Botswana
| | - Ayushi Tyagi
- I.T.S. College of Pharmacy (Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Sadish K. Shanmugam
- I.T.S. College of Pharmacy (Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow), Ghaziabad, India
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20
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Kouassi MC, Grisel M, Gore E. Multifunctional active ingredient-based delivery systems for skincare formulations: A review. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 217:112676. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Makuch S, Dróżdż M, Makarec A, Ziółkowski P, Woźniak M. An Update on Photodynamic Therapy of Psoriasis—Current Strategies and Nanotechnology as a Future Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179845. [PMID: 36077239 PMCID: PMC9456335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (PS) is an immune-mediated skin disease with substantial negative effects on patient quality of life. Despite significant progress in the development of novel treatment options over the past few decades, a high percentage of patients with psoriasis remain undertreated and require new medications with superior long-term efficacy and safety. One of the most promising treatment options against psoriatic lesions is a form of phototherapy known as photodynamic therapy (PDT), which involves either the systemic or local application of a cell-targeting photosensitizing compound, followed by selective illumination of the lesion with visible light. However, the effectiveness of clinically incorporated photosensitizers in psoriasis treatment is limited, and adverse effects such as pain or burning sensations are frequently reported. In this study, we performed a literature review and attempted to provide a pooled estimate of the efficacy and short-term safety of targeted PDT in the treatment of psoriasis. Despite some encouraging results, PDT remains clinically underutilized. This highlights the need for further studies that will aim to evaluate the efficacy of a wider spectrum of photosensitizers and the potential of nanotechnology in psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Makuch
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Mateusz Dróżdż
- Laboratory of RNA Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alicja Makarec
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Ziółkowski
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Woźniak
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
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22
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Alkilani AZ, Nasereddin J, Hamed R, Nimrawi S, Hussein G, Abo-Zour H, Donnelly RF. Beneath the Skin: A Review of Current Trends and Future Prospects of Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1152. [PMID: 35745725 PMCID: PMC9231212 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The ideal drug delivery system has a bioavailability comparable to parenteral dosage forms but is as convenient and easy to use for the patient as oral solid dosage forms. In recent years, there has been increased interest in transdermal drug delivery (TDD) as a non-invasive delivery approach that is generally regarded as being easy to administer to more vulnerable age groups, such as paediatric and geriatric patients, while avoiding certain bioavailability concerns that arise from oral drug delivery due to poor absorbability and metabolism concerns. However, despite its many merits, TDD remains restricted to a select few drugs. The physiology of the skin poses a barrier against the feasible delivery of many drugs, limiting its applicability to only those drugs that possess physicochemical properties allowing them to be successfully delivered transdermally. Several techniques have been developed to enhance the transdermal permeability of drugs. Both chemical (e.g., thermal and mechanical) and passive (vesicle, nanoparticle, nanoemulsion, solid dispersion, and nanocrystal) techniques have been investigated to enhance the permeability of drug substances across the skin. Furthermore, hybrid approaches combining chemical penetration enhancement technologies with physical technologies are being intensively researched to improve the skin permeation of drug substances. This review aims to summarize recent trends in TDD approaches and discuss the merits and drawbacks of the various chemical, physical, and hybrid approaches currently being investigated for improving drug permeability across the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahlam Zaid Alkilani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Jehad Nasereddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Rania Hamed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan;
| | - Sukaina Nimrawi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Ghaid Hussein
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Hadeel Abo-Zour
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa 13110, Jordan; (J.N.); (S.N.); (G.H.); (H.A.-Z.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- Medical Biology Centre, School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
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23
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Tian LW, Luo D, Chen D, Zhou H, Zhang XC, Yang XL, Wang YL, Liu W. Co-delivery of bioactive peptides by nanoliposomes for promotion of hair growth. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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24
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Nanocarriers as Active Ingredients Enhancers in the Cosmetic Industry-The European and North America Regulation Challenges. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051669. [PMID: 35268769 PMCID: PMC8911847 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
“Flawless skin is the most universally desired human feature” is an iconic statement by Desmond Morris. Skin indicates one´s health and is so important that it affects a person’s emotional and psychological behavior, these facts having propelled the development of the cosmetics industry. It is estimated that in 2023, this industry will achieve more than 800 billion dollars. This boost is due to the development of new cosmetic formulations based on nanotechnology. Nanocarriers have been able to solve problems related to active ingredients regarding their solubility, poor stability, and release. Even though nanocarriers have evident benefits, they also present some problems related to the high cost, low shelf life, and toxicity. Regulation and legislation are two controversial topics regarding the use of nanotechnology in the field of cosmetics. In this area, the U.S. FDA has taken the lead and recommended several biosafety studies and post-market safety evaluations. The lack of a global definition that identifies nanomaterials as a cosmetic ingredient is a hindrance to the development of global legislation. In the EU, the legislation regarding the biosafety of nanomaterials in cosmetics is stricter. “The cost is not the only important issue, safety and the application of alternative testing methods for toxicity are of crucial importance as well”.
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An JY, Kim C, Park NR, Jung HS, Koo TS, Yuk SH, Lee EH, Cho SH. Clinical Anti-aging Efficacy of Propolis Polymeric Nanoparticles Prepared by a Temperature-induced Phase Transition Method. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4060-4071. [PMID: 35001491 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen forms a dermal matrix in the skin. Biosynthesis and decomposition of collagen are the major processes in skin aging. Propolis is rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which are known to be effective in preventing skin aging, including the enhancement of fibroblast proliferation, activation, and growth capacity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop a poorly soluble propolis extract as an active ingredient in cosmetic products for anti-aging efficacy. METHODS & RESULTS Polymeric nanoparticles containing propolis extract, polyethylene glycol 400, and poloxamer 407 were prepared via a temperature-induced phase transition method. The particle size of the polymeric nanoparticles was approximately 20.75 nm. The results of an in vitro procollagen type I carboxy-terminal peptide assay and a matrix metalloproteinase-1 inhibition assay showed that the polymeric nanoparticles increased collagen production by 19.81%-24.59% compared to blank (p < 0.05), and significantly reduced intracellular collagenase activity by 7.46%-31.52% compared to blank (p < 0.05). In a clinical trial, polymeric nanoparticles in a cosmetic formulation were applied around the eyes of 24 female subjects for 8 weeks. Five skin parameters were significantly improved after the application of the test ampoule. Visual evaluation using the Global Photo Damage Score showed a significant reduction in wrinkles after the application of the test ampoules (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This study outlines the development of stable polymeric nanoparticles containing poorly soluble propolis in a cosmetic formulation, and its efficacy in wrinkle improvement. The developed polymeric nanoparticles were effective for alleviating wrinkles and can be used for pharmaceutical applications that utilize propolis as antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, antimycotic, antifungal, antibacterial, antiulcer, anticancer, and immunomodulatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Young An
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong, Republic of Korea.,Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chaejin Kim
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Rae Park
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Yusung, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Soo Jung
- Hanstech, 1576-16, Chungui-ro, Jeongsan-myeon, Cheongyang-gun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Koo
- Graduate School of New Drug Discovery and Development, Chungnam National University, Yusung, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Hong Yuk
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong-ro, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hang Cho
- Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Encapsulated Activated Grape Seed Extract: A Novel Formulation with Anti-Aging, Skin-Brightening, and Hydration Properties. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics9010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a master regulatory protein that plays a critical role in oxidative stress signaling. A novel, proprietary grape seed extract called Activated Grape Seed Extract (AGSE), enriched for PP2A-activating flavonoids, was recently developed and demonstrated to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. AGSE is a purple-colored powder, with limited solubility restricting its use in a broad range of formulations. Our aim was to develop a formulation that reduced the color and increased the solubility of AGSE, allowing its skin-health-enhancing properties to be utilized in a wider array of products, and to test it clinically. Encapsulation was performed utilizing a liposome and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, (HPCD)-based approach to produce Encapsulated AGSE (E-AGSE). Human dermal fibroblasts and epidermal keratinocytes were used to determine expression levels of aging and dermal–epidermal junction (DEJ) markers. EpiDerm™ was UVB-irradiated to measure the effects against cytokine release, DNA damage, apoptosis, and skin barrier. Human melanocytes were used to determine melanin production and mushroom tyrosinase was used for inhibitory activity. A 4-week, 31-subject sensitive-skin clinical was performed with 2% E-AGSE Essence to assess its activity on human skin. We demonstrated that E-AGSE inhibits PP2A demethylation, increases key anti-aging (collagen I, III, elastin) and DEJ markers, protects against UVB-induced DNA damage, reduces inflammation, and promotes filaggrin in vitro. Moreover, E-AGSE reduces melanin production via tyrosinase inhibition. Clinical assessment of E-AGSE showed that it reduces the appearance of wrinkles, brightens the skin, and boosts hydration. E-AGSE is a novel grape seed extract formulation enriched for PP2A-activating flavonoids that is clinically effective in sensitive skin, providing several benefits.
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Abstract
Skin care formulations have evolved as the interaction of health and beauty products for the skin. Their benefits are based on the combination of cosmetic active ingredients and targeted application. Cosmetic actives have been used in novel formulations for decades (sunscreens, anti-aging treatments, etc.), but the problems with their low solubility, low penetration, and physicochemical instability when applied to the skin have yet to be solved. One way to circumvent these shortcomings is to use lipid carriers, which are known to play an important role in the solubility of poorly soluble compounds by facilitating skin permeation and improving stability. This review addresses recent advances in skin care products that use novel nanotechnology-based lipid systems (liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, etc.) to deliver moisturizing cosmetic actives and improve product efficacy.
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Nanosystems in Cosmetic Products: A Brief Overview of Functional, Market, Regulatory and Safety Concerns. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091408. [PMID: 34575484 PMCID: PMC8470546 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanosystems exhibit various innovative physico-chemical properties as well as a range of cosmetic functions, including increased skin retention for loaded compounds. The worldwide nano-market has therefore been consistently extensive in recent decades. This review summarizes the most important properties of nanosystems that are employed in cosmetics, including composition, functions and interactions with skin, with particular attention being paid to marketed products. Moreover, the worldwide regulatory landscape of nanomaterials used as cosmetic ingredients is considered, and the main safety concerns are indicated. In general, advanced physico-chemical characterization is preliminarily needed to assess the safety of nanomaterials for human health and the environment. However, there is currently a shortfall in global legislation as a universally accepted and unambiguous definition of a nanomaterial is still lacking. Therefore, each country follows its own regulations. Anyhow, the main safety concerns arise from the European context, which is the most restrictive. Accordingly, the poor dermal permeation of nanomaterials generally limits their potential toxic effects, which should be mainly ascribed to unwanted or accidental exposure routes.
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