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Vo PHN, Ky Le G, Huy LN, Zheng L, Chaiwong C, Nguyen NN, Nguyen HTM, Ralph PJ, Kuzhiumparambil U, Soroosh D, Toft S, Madsen C, Kim M, Fenstermacher J, Hai HTN, Duan H, Tscharke B. Occurrence, spatiotemporal trends, fate, and treatment technologies for microplastics and organic contaminants in biosolids: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133471. [PMID: 38266587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
This review provides a comprehensive overview of the occurrence, fate, treatment and multi-criteria analysis of microplastics (MPs) and organic contaminants (OCs) in biosolids. A meta-analysis was complementarily analysed through the literature to map out the occurrence and fate of MPs and 10 different groups of OCs. The data demonstrate that MPs (54.7% occurrence rate) and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactants (44.2% occurrence rate) account for the highest prevalence of contaminants in biosolids. In turn, dioxin, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and phosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) have the lowest rates (<0.01%). The occurrence of several OCs (e.g., dioxin, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pharmaceutical and personal care products, ultraviolet filters, phosphate flame retardants) in Europe appear at higher rates than in Asia and the Americas. However, MP concentrations in biosolids from Australia are reported to be 10 times higher than in America and Europe, which required more measurement data for in-depth analysis. Amongst the OC groups, brominated flame retardants exhibited exceptional sorption to biosolids with partitioning coefficients (log Kd) higher than 4. To remove these contaminants from biosolids, a wide range of technologies have been developed. Our multicriteria analysis shows that anaerobic digestion is the most mature and practical. Thermal treatment is a viable option; however, it still requires additional improvements in infrastructure, legislation, and public acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phong H N Vo
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Gia Ky Le
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Lai Nguyen Huy
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Lei Zheng
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China; Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4103, Australia
| | - Chawalit Chaiwong
- Environmental Engineering and Management, Asian Institute of Technology (AIT), Klong Luang, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Nam Nhat Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hong T M Nguyen
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4103, Australia
| | - Peter J Ralph
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Danaee Soroosh
- Biotechnology Department, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran 3353-5111, Iran
| | - Sonja Toft
- Urban Utilities, Level 10/31 Duncan St, Fortitude Valley, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Craig Madsen
- Urban Utilities, Level 10/31 Duncan St, Fortitude Valley, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Mikael Kim
- Climate Change Cluster, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, 15 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | | | - Ho Truong Nam Hai
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Haoran Duan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ben Tscharke
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4103, Australia
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Wehner M, Kleidorfer I, Whittle I, Bischof D, Bockreis A, Insam H, Mueller W, Hupfauf S. Decentralised system for demand-oriented collection of food waste - Assessment of biomethane potential, pathogen development and microbial community structure. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 376:128894. [PMID: 36931445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Enormous amounts of food waste (FW) are produced worldwide, requiring efficient disposal strategies, both economically and ecologically. Anaerobic digestion to produce biomethane is among the most promising strategies, but requires proper solutions for storage and delivery of the waste material. Here, a decentralized system for demand-oriented FW storage and its practical usability was assessed. FW was stored under batch and fed-batch strategies at 5 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C for 28 days. The results showed that FW can be stored without cooling since bacterially produced lactic acid rapidly stabilized the material and inactivated pathogens. While FW storage worked well under all storage conditions and strategies, 16S analysis revealed a distinct microbiota, which was highly characteristic for each storage temperature. Moreover, FW storage had no negative impact on methane yield and stored FW contained readily degradable substances for demand-oriented biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Wehner
- Unit of Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Irene Kleidorfer
- Unit of Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ingrid Whittle
- Department of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Daniela Bischof
- Department of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anke Bockreis
- Unit of Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; BioTreaT GmbH, Technikerstraße 21, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Heribert Insam
- Department of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; BioTreaT GmbH, Technikerstraße 21, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Mueller
- Unit of Environmental Engineering, Department of Infrastructure, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 13, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sebastian Hupfauf
- Department of Microbiology, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25d, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Cho SH, Lee S, Kim Y, Song H, Lee J, Tsang YF, Chen WH, Park YK, Lee DJ, Jung S, Kwon EE. Applications of agricultural residue biochars to removal of toxic gases emitted from chemical plants: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161655. [PMID: 36649775 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Crop residues are representative agricultural waste materials, massively generated in the world. However, a large fraction of them is currently being wasted, though they have a high potential to be used as a value-added carbon-rich material. Also, the applications of carbon-rich materials from agricultural waste to industries can have economic benefit because waste-derived carbon materials are considered inexpensive waste materials. In this review, valorization methods for crop residues as carbon-rich materials (i.e., biochars) and their applications to industrial toxic gas removals are discussed. Applications of crop residue biochars to toxic gas removal can have significant environmental benefits and economic feasibility. As such, this review discussed the technical advantages of the use of crop residue biochars as adsorbents for hazardous gaseous pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) stemmed from combustion of fossil fuels and the different refinery processes. Also, the practical benefits from the activation methods in line with the biochar properties were comprehensively discussed. The relationships between the physico-chemical properties of biochars and the removal mechanisms of gaseous pollutants (H2S, SO2, Hg0, and CO2) on biochars were also highlighted in this review study. Porosity controls using physical and chemical activations along with the addition of specific functional groups and metals on biochars have significantly contributed to the enhancement of flue gas adsorption. The adsorption capacity of biochar for each toxic chemical was in the range of 46-76 mg g-1 for H2S, 40-182 mg g-1 for SO2, 80-952 μg g-1 for Hg0, and 82-308 mg g-1 CO2, respectively. This helps to find suitable activation methods for adsorption of the target pollutants. In the last part, the benefits from the use of biochars and the research directions were prospectively provided to make crop residue biochars more practical materials in adsorption of pollutant gases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Heon Cho
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyoon Lee
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Youkwan Kim
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jechan Lee
- Department of Global Smart City, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Civil, Architectural Engineering, and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiu Fai Tsang
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, New Territories 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Wei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung 407, Taiwan; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan
| | - Young-Kwon Park
- School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul 02504, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Jun Lee
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Animal Environment, National Institute of Animal Science (NIAS), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyup Jung
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Hanum F, Atsuta Y, Daimon H. Methane Production Characteristics of an Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Pig Manure and Fermented Liquid Feed. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196509. [PMID: 36235045 PMCID: PMC9572587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Methane production characteristics of anaerobic co-digestion of pig manure (PM) and fermented liquid feed (FLF) were investigated in a continuous digester under mesophilic conditions. The experiment followed three phases. PM alone was digested in phase I. In phases II and III, PM and FLF were mixed in a ratio of 95:5 and 90:10 (% v/v), respectively. The specific methane yields (SMYs) during phases I, II, and III were 238, 278, and 326.8 mLCH4·gVS−1-added, respectively. It was due to the effect of balancing the feedstock carbon-to-nitrogen ratio by adding FLF. This improvement can also be attributed to the readily biodegradable compounds in the FLF. The higher SMY obtained in this study showed a positive synergistic effect in the anaerobic co-digestion of PM and FLF. The results also indicate that adding the FLF positively affected and maintained a constant pH level, avoiding volatile fatty acid accumulation and ammonia inhibition in the anaerobic digestion (AD). Thus, this study provides valuable information regarding the usage of unused or wasted FLF as a co-substrate for the practical AD of PM. The production of fermented liquid additives such as FLF to improve the methane production from the AD of PM is a potential novel alternative to food waste recycling in Japan, besides compost and animal feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farida Hanum
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (H.D.); Tel.: +62-061-822-6737 (F.H.); +81-532-44-6905 (H.D.); Fax: +81-532-44-6905 (H.D.)
| | - Yoichi Atsuta
- Research Center for Agrotechnology and Biotechnology, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Daimon
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Life Science, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
- Research Center for Agrotechnology and Biotechnology, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (H.D.); Tel.: +62-061-822-6737 (F.H.); +81-532-44-6905 (H.D.); Fax: +81-532-44-6905 (H.D.)
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Dry Anaerobic Digestion of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste: Biogas Production Optimization by Reducing Ammonia Inhibition. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15155515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to optimize biogas production from thermophilic dry anaerobic digestion (AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by comparing various operational strategies to reduce ammonia inhibition. A pilot-scale plug flow reactor (PFR) operated semi-continuously for 170 days. Three scenarios with different feedstock, namely solely OFMSW, OFMSW supplemented with structural material, and OFMSW altered to have an optimal carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, were tested. Specific biogas production (SGP), specific methane production (SMP), the biogas production rate (GPR), and bioenergy recovery were evaluated to assess the process performance. In addition, process stability was monitored to highlight process problems, and digestate was characterized for utilization as fertilizer. The OFMSW and the structural material revealed an unbalanced content of C and N. The ammonia concentration decreased when the optimal C/N ratio was tested and was reduced by 72% if compared with feeding solely OFMSW. In such conditions, optimal biogas production was obtained, operating with an organic loading rate (OLR) equal to 12.7 gVS/(L d). In particular, the SGP result was 361.27 ± 30.52 NLbiogas/kgVS, the GPR was 5.11 NLbiogas/(Lr d), and the potential energy recovery was 8.21 ± 0.9 MJ/kgVS. Nevertheless, the digestate showed an accumulation of heavy metals and low aerobic stability.
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Multilinear Regression Model for Biogas Production Prediction from Dry Anaerobic Digestion of OFMSW. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14084393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a multiple linear regression (MLR) model to predict the specific methane production (SMP) from dry anaerobic digestion (AD) of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). A data set from an experimental test on a pilot-scale plug-flow reactor (PFR) including 332 observations was used to build the model. Pearson′s correlation matrix and principal component analysis (PCA) examined the relationships between variables. Six parameters, namely total volatile solid (TVSin), organic loading rate (OLR), hydraulic retention time (HRT), C/N ratio, lignin content and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), had a significant correlation with SMP. Based on these outcomes, a simple and three multiple linear regression models (MLRs) were developed and validated. The simple linear regression model did not properly describe the data (R2 = 0.3). In turn, the MLR including all factors showed the optimal fitting ability (R2 = 0.91). Finally, the MLR including four uncorrelated explanatory variables of feedstock characteristics and operating parameters (e.g., TVSin, OLR, C/N ratio, and lignin content), resulted in the best compromise in terms of number of explanatory variables, model fitting and predictive ability (R2 = 0.87).
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Liu T, Miao P, Shi Y, Tang KHD, Yap PS. Recent advances, current issues and future prospects of bioenergy production: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152181. [PMID: 34883167 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
With the immense potential of bioenergy to drive carbon neutrality and achieve the climate targets of the Paris Agreement, this paper aims to present the recent advances in bioenergy production as well as their limitations. The novelty of this review is that it covers a comprehensive range of strategies in bioenergy production and it provides the future prospects for improvement. This paper reviewed more than 200 peer-reviewed scholarly papers mainly published between 2010 and 2021. Bioenergy is derived from biomass, which, through thermochemical and biochemical processes, is converted into various forms of biofuels. This paper reveals that bioenergy production is temperature-dependent and thermochemical processes currently have the advantage of higher efficiency over biochemical processes in terms of lower response time and higher conversion. However, biochemical processes produce more volatile organic compounds and have lower energy and temperature requirements. The combination of the two processes could fill the shortcomings of a single process. The choices of feedstock are diverse as well. In the future, it can be anticipated that continuous technological development to enhance the commercial viability of different processes, as well as approaches of ensuring their sustainability, will be among the main aspects to be studied in greater detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Pengyun Miao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yang Shi
- Department of Architecture and Design, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Kuok Ho Daniel Tang
- Environmental Science Program, Division of Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Pow-Seng Yap
- Department of Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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Mago M, Gupta R, Yadav A, Kumar Garg V. Sustainable treatment and nutrient recovery from leafy waste through vermicomposting. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126390. [PMID: 34822988 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the vermicomposting potential of two cruciferous vegetables' residual biomasses under laboratory conditions. Cabbage and cauliflower residual biomasses were spiked with 60% cow dung and vermicomposted for 90 days. The results showed a decrease in pH (5.3-9.8%), Total Organic Carbon (36.7-42.8%); increase in Electrical Conductivity (33-99.4%) and ash content (144.7-187.8%) after vermicomposting. Significant reduction in C:N ratio (49.5-76.4%) and C:P ratio (62.8-66.04%), increase in Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (49.3-85.3%), Total Available Phosphorus (68.2-98.1%), Total Potassium (91.8-120.3%) were observed. FT-IR spectra of the vermicomposts had lesser band heights and peak intensities than raw materials. This evidenced decomposition of organic compounds and vermicompost stability. Germination Index values was calculated to determine the phytotoxicity level. Earthworms' growth and prolificacy was evaluated in terms of biomass gain, cocoons production and worm growth rate. Finally, it was inferred that cruciferous vegetables' biomass can be used for vermicomposting. The cauliflower residual biomass has shown better decomposition efficiency than cabbage residual biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Mago
- J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad 121006, India
| | - Renuka Gupta
- J.C. Bose University of Science and Technology, YMCA, Faridabad 121006, India
| | - Anoop Yadav
- Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Garg
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India
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9
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Influence of the Preliminary Storage on Methane Yield of Anaerobic Digestion of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9112017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a suitable management option for the energy valorization of many wastes, including the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, in some cases, long storage after the separate collection of this waste is required for management reasons, especially when the amount of waste to be treated temporarily exceeds the capacity of available AD plants. This study evaluates the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of the OFMSW after preliminary storage of 2, 6, and 10 days, in order to assess whether they are still suitable for AD or not. Moreover, the accuracy of three kinetic models (first order, Gompertz, and logistic models) in estimating the methane yield of stored OFMSW is tested. The resulting methane yield was between about 500 and 650 NmL·gVS−1 and slightly increased with the increase of the storage time after collection. Overall, this study has demonstrated that storage of OFMSW, when the collected amount of solid waste exceeds the treatment capacity of AD plants, a storage time up to 10 days does not impact the methane yield of the process.
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Ahmed B, Tyagi VK, Aboudi K, Naseem A, Álvarez-Gallego CJ, Fernández-Güelfo LA, Kazmi AA, Romero-García LI. Thermally enhanced solubilization and anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:131136. [PMID: 34470172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) is an ideal substrate for biogas production; however, complex chemical structure and being heterogeneous obstruct its biotransformation in anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Thermal pre-treatment of OFMSW has been suggested to enhance the solubilization and improve the anaerobic digestibility of OFMSW. This paper critically and comprehensively reviews the characterization of OFMSW (physical, chemical, bromatological) and enlightens the valuable properties of OFMSW for waste valorization. In following sections, the advantages and limitations of AD of OFMSW are discussed, followed by the application of temperature phased AD, and various thermal pre-treatments, i.e., conventional thermal, microwave, and thermo-chemical for high rate bioenergy transformation. Effects of pre-treatment on COD, proteins, sugars and VS solubilization, and biogas yield are discussed. Formation of recalcitrant during thermal pre-treatment and the effect on anaerobic digestibility are considered. Full scale application, and techno-economic and environmental feasibility of thermal pre-treatment methods are also revealed. This review concluded that thermophilic (55 °C) and temperature phased anaerobic digestion, temperature phased anaerobic digestion, TPAD (55 + 37 °C) processes shows effective and stable performance at low HRTs and high OLRs and achieved higher methane yield than mesophilic digestion. The thermal pre-treatment at a lower temperature (120 °C) improves the net energy yield. However, high-temperature pre-treatment (>150 °C) result in decreased biogas yield and even lower than the non-pre-treated OFMSW, although a high degree of COD solubilization. The OFMSW solubilization in terms of COD, proteins, and sugars cannot accurately reflect thermal/hybrid pre-treatments' potential. Thus, substrate pre-treatment followed by anaerobic digestibility of pretreated substrate together can evaluate the actual effectiveness of thermal pre-treatment of OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banafsha Ahmed
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tyagi
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India.
| | - Kaoutar Aboudi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Institute of Vitivinicultural and Agri-food Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Azmat Naseem
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Carlos José Álvarez-Gallego
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Institute of Vitivinicultural and Agri-food Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Fernández-Güelfo
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, International Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
| | - A A Kazmi
- Environmental BioTechnology Group (EBiTG), Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Luis Isidoro Romero-García
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Institute of Vitivinicultural and Agri-food Research (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cadiz, Spain
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Chinellato G, Battista F, Bolzonella D, Cavinato C. Single-phase anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste without dilution: Reactor stability and process performance of small, decentralised plants. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 125:103-111. [PMID: 33677180 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, centralised plants are the most favoured approach for the anaerobic treatment of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). However, centralised solutions imply certain environmental impacts, which prevent large-scale implementation of the anaerobic digestion (AD). As a result, we are digesting <5% of organic waste both in Europe and the USA even today. Pursuing the criteria for maximising the balance between profit and impacts, an innovative layout with the ultimate goal of promoting the use of small, decentralised AD plants is proposed. In this study, source-separated OFMSW (SS-OFMSW) was treated in a mesophilic plug flow reactor by applying an atypical combination of conditions such as high SS-OFMSW solid content (214.5 g·kg-1), high organic loading rate (6.2 kg VS·m-3·d-1), and no dilution or co-substrate addition. A suitable and an efficient mixing system is essential to control the process. Accordingly, the process was stable in a single-stage reactor, in the absence of digestate recirculation, obtaining specific gas production of 0.67 m3·kg-1 VS in terms of biogas and 0.41 m3·kg-1 VS in terms of methane. High reactor volume exploitation and small plant construction were feasible, reaching a gas production rate of 4.5 m3·m-3 d-1. The estimated costs in terms of capital and operating expenditure are expected to realize gross economic sustainability of full-scale installation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Chinellato
- Schmack Biogas srl, Bolzano 39100, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice 30172, Italy.
| | - F Battista
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - D Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie, Verona 37134, Italy
| | - C Cavinato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, via Torino 155, Venice 30172, Italy
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Dry Mesophilic Anaerobic Digestion of Separately Collected Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste: Two-Year Experience in an Industrial-Scale Plant. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, performance analysis over two years’ operation of an industrial anaerobic digestion (AD) plant of a separately collected organic fraction of municipal solid waste is presented. The continuous plug-flow AD plant is still regularly operating and it has been fully operational since September 2018. Since then, it has been supplied with 40,000 t/y of pretreated separately collected organic fraction of municipal solid waste from municipalities of the Calabria region in Southern Italy. The AD process is carried out in a mesophilic regime at 40 ± 0.5 °C, using a constant hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 22 days and a substrate with average total solids and average total volatile solids of 30.0% and 22.2%, respectively. In the last two years, the plant produced an average of 191 m3 and 860 m3 of biogas per tonne (t) of organic input material and of total volatile solids, respectively, with an average methane specific production of 508 m3/t (total volatile solids). The average CH4 percentage in the biogas was of 59.09%. The obtained results came out from the combination of high organic content of separately collected organic fraction of municipal solid waste, optimized pretreatment system and operating conditions adopted.
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13
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Preble CV, Chen SS, Hotchi T, Sohn MD, Maddalena RL, Russell ML, Brown NJ, Scown CD, Kirchstetter TW. Air Pollutant Emission Rates for Dry Anaerobic Digestion and Composting of Organic Municipal Solid Waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:16097-16107. [PMID: 33226230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c03953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dry anaerobic digestion (AD) of organic municipal solid waste (MSW) followed by composting of the residual digestate is a waste diversion strategy that generates biogas and soil amendment products. The AD-composting process avoids methane (CH4) emissions from landfilling, but emissions of other greenhouse gases, odorous/toxic species, and reactive compounds can affect net climate and air quality impacts. In situ measurements of key sources at two large-scale industrial facilities in California were conducted to quantify pollutant emission rates across the AD-composting process. These measurements established a strong relationship between flared biogas ammonia (NH3) content and emitted nitrogen oxides (NOx), indicating that fuel NOx formation is significant and dominates over the thermal or prompt NOx pathways when biogas NH3 concentration exceeds ∼200 ppm. Composting is the largest source of CH4, carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions (∼60-70%), and dominate NH3, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions (>90%). The high CH4 contribution to CO2-equivalent emissions demonstrates that composting can be an important CH4 source, which could be reduced with improved aeration. Controlling greenhouse gas and toxic/odorous emissions from composting offers the greatest mitigation opportunities for reducing the climate and air quality impacts of the AD-composting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea V Preble
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sharon S Chen
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Toshifumi Hotchi
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Michael D Sohn
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Randy L Maddalena
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Marion L Russell
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nancy J Brown
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Corinne D Scown
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas W Kirchstetter
- Energy Technologies Area, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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14
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Lowe TB, Hatch BT, Antle C, Nartker S, Ammerman ML. One- and two-stage anaerobic co-digestion of cucumber waste and sewage sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:3157-3165. [PMID: 30922190 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1601262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The demand for uniformly sized and shaped produce that are aesthetically pleasing results in significant food waste throughout the world. Cucumber waste is a major agricultural waste product in a number of countries, especially areas with high pickle production. Opportunity exists for wastewater treatment plants containing anaerobic digesters to utilize cucumber agricultural and industrial waste for biogas production. The biomethane potential of cucumber waste as a substrate for co-digestion with sewage sludge was assessed. The impact of long-term co-digestion of cucumber was then evaluated using mesophilic continuously stirred tank reactors (CSTRs), in both single- and two-stage anaerobic co-digestion with sewage sludge. Ground cucumber waste was added to sewage sludge at 8% of the volume (4.5-4.6% of the organic load) and CSTRs were maintained for five hydraulic retention times (HRTs). One-stage co-digestion of cucumber waste produced comparable gas levels as CSTRs without cucumbers (averaging 219 and 221 m3/kgVS/h, respectively) after two HRTs. The two-stage cucumber co-digestion CSTR averaged 64% higher specific gas than the control and single-stage digester, although the volumetric gas produced was lower (averaging 152 m3/kgVS/h) likely due to gas loss in the first stage resulting in a lower organic load rate. After four HRTs, relative methanogen content showed dramatic differences in levels of hydrogenotrophic methanogens for the two-stage digester, while the one-stage digester containing cucumber waste showed minor differences relative to the control. Cucumber waste co-digestion with sewage sludge is effective although numerous conditions could be utilized to optimize gas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Lowe
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology, Kettering University, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Benjamin T Hatch
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Warren Wilson College, Swannanoa, NC, USA
| | | | - Steven Nartker
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology, Kettering University, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Michelle L Ammerman
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Chemical Engineering and Applied Biology, Kettering University, Flint, MI, USA
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15
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Allegue LD, Puyol D, Melero JA. Novel approach for the treatment of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste: Coupling thermal hydrolysis with anaerobic digestion and photo-fermentation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 714:136845. [PMID: 32018982 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two different organic fractions of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) served as raw material in a novel treatment process that combines thermal hydrolysis (TH) pretreatment at different times, followed by anaerobic digestion of the solid fraction and photo-fermentation of the liquid fraction. The results indicate that both wastes performed similarly, and no statistically relevant differences stand out on the overall performance regarding TH times. The thermal pretreatment improves the biodegradability of the solid fraction during anaerobic digestion compensating the loss of the organic matter in the liquid fraction. The produced biogas may feed a combined heat and power (CHP) system, making the process energetically positive in all studied scenarios. In addition, the combination of TH and anaerobic digestion decreased the volume of the waste to be disposed by 59-61%, which is 5-11% higher than that obtained with the traditional treatment of anaerobic digestion process. Specific phototrophic activity tests were performed on the liquid phase using a mixed culture of purple phototrophic bacteria (PPB) that consumed up to 80% of the soluble organics. The assays yielded an average 52% efficiency on specific phototrophic activity (kM) and 62% on biomass yield (YX/S), compared to an optimized growth medium. PPB was also capable of producing polyhydroxyalkanoates, bioH2 and single-cell protein without optimization. Apart from methane, the overall mass balances showed yields up to 150 g of high added-value products per Kg of initial total solids on this proof-of-concept platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis D Allegue
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Puyol
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Melero
- Group of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28933 Mostoles, Madrid, Spain.
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16
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Carlos-Pinedo S, Wang Z, Eriksson O, Soam S. Study of the digestion process at a full-scale solid-state biogas plant by using ORWARE: Model modification and implementation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 107:133-142. [PMID: 32283487 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The configuration of the reactor influences the digestion process and thus the product yields; other factors such as the rate of biogas production or biogas loss also affect the process specifically with high solid configuration. With these in mind, the ORganic WAste REsearch (ORWARE) anaerobic digestion sub-model was modified to be able to study solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) (using plug-flow reactor). The simulation results from the updated model agreed with the operational data with respect to methane yield, digestate yield and energy turnover. The model was found to be sensitive to changes in feedstock composition but to a lesser extent to changes in process temperature and retention time. By applying the model on several cases of liquid anaerobic digestion (L-AD), it was noticed that L-AD at mesophilic condition with 25 retention days seemed to be superior to other cases of L-AD with regard to energy turnover. However, even if similar methane production were observed for L-AD and SS-AD, the model suggested higher energy turnover for the case of SS-AD at thermophilic condition, being 10% more in average in comparison with cases of L-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Carlos-Pinedo
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Zhao Wang
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Ola Eriksson
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Shveta Soam
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
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17
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Zhang W, Venetsaneas N, Heaven S, Banks CJ. Impact of low loading on digestion of the mechanically-separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 107:101-112. [PMID: 32334149 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Changing waste management practice, introduction of new technologies, and population demographics and behaviour will impact on both quantity and composition of future waste streams. Laboratory-scale anaerobic digestion of the mechanically-separated organic fraction of municipal solid waste (ms-OFMSW) was carried out at relatively low organic loading rates (OLR), and results analysed using an energy modelling tool. Thermophilic operation with water addition and liquor recycle was compared to co-digestion with dilution water replaced by sewage sludge digestate (SSD); thermophilic and mesophilic mono-digestion were also tested at low OLR. All thermophilic conditions showed stable operation, with specific methane production (SMP) from 0.203 to 0.296 m3 CH4 kg-1 volatile solids (VS). SSD addition increased biogas production by ~20% and there was evidence of further hydrolysis and degradation of the SSD. Long-term operation at 1 kg VS m-3 day-1 had no adverse effect except in mesophilic conditions where SMP was lower at 0.256 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS and stability was reduced, especially during OLR increases. This was probably due to low total ammonia nitrogen, which stabilised at ~0.2 g N kg-1 and limited the buffering capacity. Energy analysis showed thermophilic operation at OLR 2 g VS L-1 day-1 gave 42% of the theoretical methane potential and 38% of the higher heating value, reducing to 37% and 34% respectively in mesophilic conditions. Scenario modelling indicated that under low ms-OFMSW load even an energy-depleted co-substrate such as SSD could contribute to the energy balance, and would be a better diluent than water due to its nutrient and buffering capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Nikolaos Venetsaneas
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, UK; School of Civil Engineering, University of Birmingham, UK; National Buried Infrastructure Facility, University of Birmingham, UK.
| | - Sonia Heaven
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
| | - Charles J Banks
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, UK
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18
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Li W, Bhat SA, Li J, Cui G, Wei Y, Yamada T, Li F. Effect of excess activated sludge on vermicomposting of fruit and vegetable waste by using novel vermireactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 302:122816. [PMID: 32004813 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.122816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the effect of excess activated sludge (EAS) on vermicomposting of fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW). For this, a novel vermireactor consists of substrate and bed compartments was used for treating five types of FVW (banana peels, cabbage, lettuce, carrot, and potato) with and without the addition of EAS by earthworms. The EAS promoted the growth and cocoon production of earthworms, and the decomposition efficiency of FVW. The changes of dehydrogenase activity revealed that the EAS enhanced the microbial activity in all treatments except for the carrot. The organic matter content, total carbon and the C/N ratio showed a significant decrease after addition of EAS into FVW. The content of nitrogen and phosphorus was also improved in the final products after vermicomposting. This study suggested that the addition of EAS could be a feasible option to enhance the vermicomposting of FVW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjiao Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Jiefeng Li
- Department of Architecture, Lu Liang University, Lishi, Shanxi 033000, China
| | - Guangyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yongfen Wei
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Toshiro Yamada
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Fusheng Li
- Graduate School of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan; School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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19
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Liu Y, Fang J, Tong X, Huan C, Ji G, Zeng Y, Xu L, Yan Z. Change to biogas production in solid-state anaerobic digestion using rice straw as substrates at different temperatures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 293:122066. [PMID: 31557641 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
This work investigated the effects of different temperatures on methane production, kinetics, and microbial communities during solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) using rice straw. The results indicated that thermophilic anaerobic digestion led to the faster methane production (13.74 L/kg) and a shorter biogas production cycle (34 days) than mesophilic anaerobic digestion (5.48 L/kg, 58 days). SS-AD under thermophilic conditions resulted in more intense lignocellulose degradation and better fitting results. The species of microorganisms did not differ when the temperature was altered; however, the abundances of various phyla, particularly Firmicutes, differed. Overall, the findings suggested that thermophilic SS-AD had higher methanogenic efficiency and dramatically altered the structure of the microbial community during solid-state anaerobic digestion. Moreover, a potential effective strategy for agricultural waste management by SS-AD was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Junnan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xinyu Tong
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - ChenChen Huan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Gaosheng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Lishang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, CAS, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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20
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A Review on Anaerobic Digestion of Lignocellulosic Wastes: Pretreatments and Operational Conditions. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9214655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) has become extremely popular in the last years to treat and valorize organic wastes both at laboratory and industrial scales, for a wide range of highly produced organic wastes: municipal wastes, wastewater sludge, manure, agrowastes, food industry residuals, etc. Although the principles of AD are well known, it is very important to highlight that knowing the biochemical composition of waste is crucial in order to know its anaerobic biodegradability, which makes an AD process economically feasible. In this paper, we review the main principles of AD, moving to the specific features of lignocellulosic wastes, especially regarding the pretreatments that can enhance the biogas production of such wastes. The main point to consider is that lignocellulosic wastes are present in any organic wastes, and sometimes are the major fraction. Therefore, improving their AD could cause a boost in the development in this technology. The conclusions are that there is no unique strategy to improve the anaerobic biodegradability of lignocellulosic wastes, but pretreatments and codigestion both have an important role on this issue.
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21
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Lippens C, De Vrieze J. Exploiting the unwanted: Sulphate reduction enables phosphate recovery from energy-rich sludge during anaerobic digestion. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 163:114859. [PMID: 31330399 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.114859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is shifting from a single-purpose technology for renewable energy recovery from organic waste streams to a process for integrated resource recovery. The valorisation of high-rate energy- and phosphorus-rich sludge creates the opportunity for their combined recovery. This phosphate is present in a precipitated form in the sludge, and its release into the liquid phase is an important issue before recovery can be achieved. The objective of this research was to exploit the "unwanted" sulphate reduction process for the release of phosphate into the liquid phase during anaerobic digestion, thus, making it available for recovery. Two different treatments were considered, i.e., a control digester and a digester to which sulphate was added, each operated in triplicate for a period of 119 days. The control digester showed stable methane production at 628 ± 103 mL CH4 L-1 d-1, with a feedstock COD (chemical oxygen demand) conversion efficiency of 89.5 ± 14.6%. In contrast, the digester with sulphate addition showed a 29.9 ± 15.3% decrease in methane production, reaching an "inhibited steady state", but phosphate release into the liquid phase increased to 58.7 ± 12.9% of total P, a factor 4.5 higher than the control digester. This inhibited steady state coincided with a clear shift from a Methanosaetaceae to a Methanosarcinaceae dominated methanogenic community. Overall, the sulphate reduction process allows phosphate release during the anaerobic digestion process, yet, at the cost of a reduced methane production rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Lippens
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium
| | - Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000, Gent, Belgium. http://www.cmet.ugent.be
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22
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Seib MD, Booton AJ, Scarborough MJ, Noguera DR. Evaluation of acid-phase digestion as a pretreatment to enhance co-digestion of source separated organics and municipal sewage sludges. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:1257-1265. [PMID: 31850877 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This work assessed if acid-phase digestion could improve volatile solids (VS) destruction and methane yield when co-digesting municipal sewage sludges (primary and waste activated sludge) and source separated organics (SSO). The SSO was made up of food waste and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Two laboratory-scale acid-phase digesters and three laboratory-scale methane-phase digesters were employed in order to determine the impacts of SSO co-digestion with municipal sludges both with and without acid-phase digestion as a pretreatment step. Reactors were operated at 35 °C using volatile solids loading rates of 34.2-44.1 g VS/LR-day for acid-phase digesters and 1.2-2.4 1 g VS/LR-day for methane-phase digesters. Solids retention times ranging from 1.2 to 1.5 day and 20.7 to 23.2 days were employed for acid-phase and methane-phase digesters, respectively. VS destruction ranged from 62% to 67%, with reactors receiving SSO achieving higher VS destruction. Results also show that reactors receiving SSO were able to handle organic loading increases of at least 39% without showing signs of overloading. Microbial community analysis revealed that SSO had a noticeable impact on acid-phase digestion with Megasphaera emerging as the most abundant genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Seib
- Madison Metropolitan Sewerage District, Madison, WI, USA E-mail:
| | - A J Booton
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Platteville, WI, USA
| | - M J Scarborough
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - D R Noguera
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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23
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Biogas Generation through Anaerobic Digestion of Compost Leachate in Semi-Continuous Completely Stirred Tank Reactors. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7090635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The composting process of organic fraction of municipal solid waste, besides to the residual compost, generates a wastewater that is characterized by a high organic load. The application of anaerobic processes represents an advantageous solution for the treatment and valorization of this type of wastewater. Nevertheless, few works have been focused on the anaerobic digestion of compost leachate. To overcome this dearth, in the present paper an extensive experimental investigation was carried out to develop and analyse the anaerobic treatment of young leachate in completely stirred tank reactors (CSTR). Initially, it was defined a suitable leachate pretreatment to correct its acidic characteristics that is potentially able to inhibit methanogenic biomass activity. The pretreated leachate was fed to the digester over the start-up phase that was completed in about 40 days. During the operational period, the organic load rate (OLR) changed between 4.25 kgCOD/m3d and 38.5 kgCOD/m3d. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) abatement was higher than 90% for OLR values up to 14.5 kgCOD/m3d and around to 80% for applied loads equal to 24.5 kgCOD/m3d. At this OLR, it was reached the maximum daily biogas production of about 9.3 Lbiogas/(Lreactord). The CH4 fraction was between 70%–78% and the methane production yield in the range 0.34–0.38 LCH4/gCODremoved. The deterioration of biogas production started for OLR values that were over the threshold of 24.5 kgCOD/m3d when a volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation occurred and the pH dropped below 6.5. The maximum ratio between VFA and alkalinity (ALK) tolerable in the CSTR was identified to be 0.5 gCH3COOH/gCaCO3. Through an economic analysis, it was proven that the digestion of compost leachate could ensure significant economic profits. Furthermore, the produced digestate had characteristics that were compatible for agricultural applications.
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24
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Dal' Magro GP, Talamini E. Estimating the magnitude of the food loss and waste generated in Brazil. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:706-716. [PMID: 30919744 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19836710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The current global food production is enough to meet the caloric needs of the 7 billion individuals. On the other hand, 821 million people are currently malnourished. Living on a planet with this contradiction should lead to more effective actions in combating food insecurity. Food loss and waste contribute to this scenario, both in the economic sphere and in the use of inputs such as water, energy and work for the production process, and greenhouse gases emissions. The lack of data and a precise method of quantification should not prevent the producing countries and food suppliers, such as Brazil, from quantifying their food loss and waste. Through a methodology used by Oelofse and Nahman, we performed an exercise in quantifying FLW in the Brazilian food supply chain. Thus, an improved understanding of this topic can be initiated. An annual average of loss and waste of 82,200 tons was identified between the years 2007 and 2013. This represents 42% of the average national food supply for the period. The average amount of loss and waste were 427 kg/inhabitant/year. The edible portion corresponds to 327 kg/inhabitant/year. Specific studies that quantify and detail the loss and waste of food by the productive chain are necessary to assist in the resolution of this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenio Piran Dal' Magro
- 1 Postgraduate Program in Agribusiness, Interdisciplinary Center for Studies and Research in Agribusiness - CEPAN, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
| | - Edson Talamini
- 2 Interdisciplinary Center for Studies and Research in Agribusiness - CEPAN, Department of Economics and International Relations - DERI, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil
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25
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Wiśniewska M, Kulig A, Lelicińska-Serafin K. Comparative analysis of preliminary identification and characteristic of odour sources in biogas plants processing municipal waste in Poland. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-019-0534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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26
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Rodríguez-Abalde Á, Guivernau M, Prenafeta-Boldú FX, Flotats X, Fernández B. Characterization of microbial community dynamics during the anaerobic co-digestion of thermally pre-treated slaughterhouse wastes with glycerin addition. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1175-1184. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02115-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Londoño JEG, Uller B, Sørensen HR, Meyer AS. Fast anaerobic digestion of complex substrates via immobilized biofilms in a novel compartmentalized reactor design. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Pastor-Poquet V, Papirio S, Trably E, Rintala J, Escudié R, Esposito G. Semi-continuous mono-digestion of OFMSW and Co-digestion of OFMSW with beech sawdust: Assessment of the maximum operational total solid content. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 231:1293-1302. [PMID: 30297222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mono-digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and co-digestion of OFMSW with beech sawdust, simulating green waste, were used to investigate the maximum operational total solid (TS) content in semi-continuous high-solids anaerobic digestion (HS-AD). To alleviate substrate overloading in HS-AD, the effluent mass was relatively reduced compared to the influent mass, extending the mass retention time. To this aim, the reactor mass was daily evaluated, permitting to assess the reactor content removal by biogas production. During mono-digestion of OFMSW, the NH3 inhibition and the rapid TS removal prevented to maintain HS-AD conditions (i.e. TS ≥ 10%), without exacerbating the risk of reactor acidification. In contrast, the inclusion of sawdust in OFMSW permitted to operate HS-AD up to 30% TS, before acidification occurred. Therefore, including a lignocellulosic substrate in OFMSW can prevent acidification and stabilize HS-AD at very high TS contents (i.e. 20-30%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Pastor-Poquet
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy; LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France; Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Stefano Papirio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Napoli Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Napoli, Italy
| | - Eric Trably
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Jukka Rintala
- Department of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Tampere University of Technology, Korkeakoulunkatu 10, FI-33720 Tampere, Finland
| | - Renaud Escudié
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 avenue des Etangs, 11100, Narbonne, France
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, FR, Italy
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29
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Pilot Plant Data Assessment in Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Waste Solids. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, a preliminary study of anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) in presented with the aim to compare the performances of both wet- and dry-type reactors. The treatment of OFMSW via anaerobic digestion (AD) producing biogas is a process that is receiving a growing interest because two different needs can be coupled: the request of sustainable municipal waste treatments and increasing demand renewable energy. This paper aims to offer experimental results comparing batch test and continuous experimental reactors under different conditions of humidity and solid content. Results show that both the investigated configurations may be used for converting OFMSW into a high quality biogas and that the increase of dry matter in the continuous process still allows to achieve significant biogas production rates. A slight reduction of the methane content was observed (less than 5% relative) that can be also related to the change in the level of volatile fatty acids. These results are very promising in supporting the possibility of operating an industrial scale plant with a dry-process without affecting the system performance.
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30
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Mishra S, Singh PK, Dash S, Pattnaik R. Microbial pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass for enhanced biomethanation and waste management. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:458. [PMID: 30370199 PMCID: PMC6197294 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biogas obtained from organic remains entails a developed technology and an appreciable methane yield, but its use may not be sustainable. The potential methane yield of various lignocellulose biomass and the operational conditions employed are inherently reviewed. Although of lower methane yields compared to conventional substrates, agricultural biomass is a cheap option. The major challenges encountered during its biogasification are its recalcitrance nature primarily due to the presence of crystalline cellulose and lignin. This necessitates an essential pretreatment step through physical, chemical or biological interventions for enhanced biomethanation potential. Various pretreatment-physical, chemical, and biological-strategies have been developed to overcome the inherent recalcitrance of lignocellulose to anaerobic degradation. Biological pretreatment approach, however, outcompete other pretreatments due to their application in milder conditions, little corrosiveness, and lower byproduct formation. Such pretreatment importantly aids in selectively reducing the lignin content and crystalline nature of the lignocellulosic biomass, which would evidently enhance the hydrolysis and production of monomers for their further anaerobic digestion (AD) for methanation. A variety of applied biological pretreatment strategies comprises microaerobic treatments, ensiling or composting, separation of digestion stages, and pretreatments using various lignocellulolytic fungi alongside. The net energy output through such approaches is substantially more and relatively inexpensive compared to other established chemical and mechanical approaches. The present review highlights the use of biological agents including bacterial, fungal and/or their enzymes which trigger biodegradation of wastes and utilization of lignocellulose for biofuel production. Additionally, the different physical, chemical, and biological pretreatment strategies for biogas yield enhancement are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehasish Mishra
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024 India
| | - Puneet Kumar Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024 India
| | - Swagatika Dash
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024 India
| | - Ritesh Pattnaik
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed-to-be-University, Bhubaneswar, 751 024 India
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31
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Meegoda JN, Li B, Patel K, Wang LB. A Review of the Processes, Parameters, and Optimization of Anaerobic Digestion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102224. [PMID: 30314318 PMCID: PMC6210450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is a technology that has been used by humans for centuries. Anaerobic digestion is considered to be a useful tool that can generate renewable energy and significant research interest has arisen recently. The underlying theory of anaerobic digestion has been established for decades; however, a great deal of current research is directed towards the optimization of anaerobic digestion under diverse digestion conditions. This review provides a summary of the processes underlying anaerobic digestion, commonly-utilized measurements of anaerobic sludge, operating parameters of anaerobic digesters, and methods of acceleration and optimization used to improve process efficiency. Recent developments in addition to older research are considered to provide a general but comprehensive summary of accumulated knowledge in the theory of anaerobic digestion, as well as considerations in the efficient operation of digesters. We have determined that the numerous factors pertinent to the design and operation of batch-based anaerobic digesters must each be considered to ensure the maximum efficiency and cost-effectiveness of a digester provided its respective operating conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay N Meegoda
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Brian Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
- The Pingry School, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920, USA.
| | - Kush Patel
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Lily B Wang
- The Pingry School, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920, USA.
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32
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Chauhan A, Debnath RM, Singh SP. Modelling the drivers for sustainable agri-food waste management. BENCHMARKING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1108/bij-07-2017-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The waste of invaluable agri-food produce is the concern of United Nations Organisation and all countries across the world. The purpose of this paper is to identify and model the drivers of agri-food waste management in India.
Design/methodology/approach
The interpretive structural modelling method is used to model the drivers in this study. This method helps in understanding the driver-dependent relationships among various drivers/criteria which are selected for studying.
Findings
The findings of the study vividly shows that the drivers such as disaster management planning, information dissemination, and training and awareness programs for farmers are most vital for tackling the issue.
Research limitations/implications
This work would help the policy makers in developing the effective policies regarding the management of agri-food waste in a sustainable manner.
Practical implications
This work would be very helpful for deeply understanding the causes of occurring waste and carefully handling it scientifically with a managerial perspective. Hence, it has the potential to reduce the generation of waste and saving the food for society.
Social implications
With the help of this study, the people, society, and underprivileged will be benefited directly. The savings in agri-food waste will not only help in controlling the prices of it but also its more availability would be beneficial for all in beating the hunger.
Originality/value
The identification of drivers for the sustainable management of agri-food is the novelty of this research.
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33
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Mu H, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Hua D, Xu H, Jin F. Microbial and nutritional regulation of high-solids anaerobic mono-digestion of fruit and vegetable wastes. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:405-413. [PMID: 28278097 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1301571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion of single fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) can be easily interrupted by rapid acidogenesis and inhibition of methanogen, and the digestion system tends to be particularly unstable at high solid content. In this study, the anaerobic digestion of FVW in batch experiments under mesophilic condition at a high solid concentration of 10% was successfully conducted to overcome the acidogenesis problem through several modifications. Firstly, compared with the conventional anaerobic sludge (CAS), the acclimated anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) was found to be a better inoculum due to its higher Archaea abundance. Secondly, waste activated sludge (WAS) was chosen to co-digest with FVW, because WAS had abundant proteins that could generate intermediate ammonium. The ammonium could neutralize the accumulated volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and prevent the pH value of the digestion system from rapidly decreasing. Co-digestion of FVW and WAS with TS ratio of 60:40 gave the highest biogas yield of 562 mL/g-VS and the highest methane yield of 362 mL/g-VS. Key parameters in the digestion process, including VFAs concentration, pH, enzyme activity, and microbial activity, were also examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Mu
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiao Zhao
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliang Hua
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Jin
- a Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences , Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province , Jinan , People's Republic of China
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34
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Clarke WP. The uptake of anaerobic digestion for the organic fraction of municipal solid waste - Push versus pull factors. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:1040-1043. [PMID: 29102326 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
There are thousands of anaerobic digestion facilities worldwide applied to agricultural waste, energy crops and industrial food processing wastes. Yet, centralised anaerobic digestion for the organic fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) is almost exclusively applied in Europe and California where diversion of organics from landfill is enforced by legislation. Even in the EU however, only 5% of OFMSW is currently digested, with most organic waste incinerated. Municipalities elsewhere are reluctant to switch to biological treatment, even when made financially preferable through mechanisms such as landfill taxes. The uptake of OFMSW anaerobic digestion around the world and the legislative and economic drivers where this has occurred are reviewed. The prime reason for lack of uptake in regions with ample economic drivers is a lack of experience of municipalities and environmental regulators in regulating both the facilities and the disposal of treated organic material to land.
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Affiliation(s)
- W P Clarke
- Centre for Solid Waste Bioprocessing, Schools of Civil and Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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35
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Zhao C, Mu H, Zhao Y, Wang L, Zuo B. Microbial characteristics analysis and kinetic studies on substrate composition to methane after microbial and nutritional regulation of fruit and vegetable wastes anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 249:315-321. [PMID: 29054061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study firstly evaluated the microbial role when choosing the acclimated anaerobic granular sludge (AGS) and waste activated sludge (WAS) as microbial and nutritional regulators to improve the biomethanation of fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW). Results showed that the enriched hydrogenotrophic methanogens, and Firmicutes and Spirochaeta in the AGS were responsible for the enhanced methane yield. A synthetic waste representing the mixture of WAS and FVW was then used to investigate the influences of different substrate composition on methane generations. The optimal mass ratio of carbohydrate/protein/cellulose was observed to be 50:45:5, and the corresponding methane yield was 411mL/g-VSadded. Methane kinetic studies suggested that the modified Gompertz model fitted better with those substrates of carbohydrate- than protein-predominated. Parameter results indicated that the maximum methane yield and production rate were enhanced firstly and then reduced with the decreasing carbohydrate and increasing protein percentages; the lag phase time however increased continuously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Hui Mu
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China.
| | - Yuxiao Zhao
- Energy Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory for Biomass Gasification Technology of Shandong Province, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Liguo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering in Universities of Shandong (University of Jinan), School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Bin Zuo
- Shandong Bori Biomass Energy Co., Ltd, China
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36
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Guven H, Akca MS, Iren E, Keles F, Ozturk I, Altinbas M. Co-digestion performance of organic fraction of municipal solid waste with leachate: Preliminary studies. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:775-784. [PMID: 28479085 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to evaluate the co-digestion performance of OFMSW with different wastes. Leachate, reverse osmosis (RO) concentrate collected from a leachate treatment facility and dewatered sewage sludge taken from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were used for co-digestion in this paper. An extra effort was made to observe the effect of leachate inclusion in the co-digestion. In the study, the mono-digestion of OFMSW, leachate, RO concentrate and sewage sludge as well as digestion of 7 different waste mixtures were carried out for this objective. The experiments were carried out for approximately 50days under mesophilic conditions. The highest methane yield was 785L CH4/kg VSadded in the reactor, which had only OFMSW. While the methane yield derived from OFMSW was found higher than previous studies, methane yield of leachate was found to be 110L CH4/kg VSadded, which was lower than findings in the literature. The mono-substrate of OFMSW was followed by the reactor of having waste mixture of leachate+sewage sludge+OFMSW+water (C7) with 391L CH4/kg VSadded, which was the only combination included water. In order to understand the effect of leachate and water inclusions on co-digestion, two separate waste combinations; leachate+sewage sludge+OFMSW+water (C7) and leachate+sewage sludge+OFMSW (C1) were prepared that had different amounts of leachate but same amounts of other wastes. The methane yield of leachate+sewage sludge+OFMSW+water (C7) indicated that addition of some water instead of leachate could stimulate biogas production. Methane yield of this reactor was found to be 71% higher than the waste combination of leachate+sewage sludge+OFMSW (C1). It could be thought that the high amount of non-biodegradable matters in leachate could be responsible for lower methane yield in leachate+sewage sludge+OFMSW (C1) reactor. Methane yields of the reactors showed that co-digestion of OFMSW and leachate could be a solution not only for treatment of leachate and but also increasing the biogas potential of leachate. Leachate addition could also adjust optimum total solids (TS) content in anaerobic digestion. It was also understood that RO concentrate did not affect the methane yield in a negative way. The similar characterization of leachate and RO concentrate in this study could offer the utilization of RO concentrate instead of leachate. The findings showed that volatile solids (VS) removals were changed from 32% to 61% in the reactors. While the reactor of leachate+RO concentrate+OFMSW (C6) had the highest VS removal, the reactor of the sole substrate leachate had the lowest VS removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huseyin Guven
- Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, 34669 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sadik Akca
- Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, 34669 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erol Iren
- Samsun Avdan Energy Production and Trade Inc., Süleyman Seba Caddesi, BJK Plaza A Blok, No: 77-78, 34357 Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatih Keles
- Samsun Avdan Energy Production and Trade Inc., Süleyman Seba Caddesi, BJK Plaza A Blok, No: 77-78, 34357 Beşiktaş, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Izzet Ozturk
- Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, 34669 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Altinbas
- Istanbul Technical University, Civil Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, 34669 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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37
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Pahla G, Ntuli F, Muzenda E. Torrefaction of landfill food waste for possible application in biomass co-firing. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:512-520. [PMID: 29110938 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.10.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Greenhouse gas emissions and municipal solid waste management have presented challenges globally. This study aims to produce a high-quality biochar with properties close to bituminous coal from landfill food waste (FW). FW was analyzed by proximate and ultimate analyses to determine its fuel properties and elemental composition before torrefaction. Temperature was varied from 200 to 300 °C at a constant residence time of 40 min and 10 °C/min heating rate. Calorific value, mass yield, energy yield and energy density were computed and used to determine the quality of the resulting biochar. Quality of raw food waste was also determined by elemental analysis. Thermal evolution was then investigated using hyphenated Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectrometry (FTIR). Torrefaction was done at 225 °C, 275 °C and 300 °C. The calorific value was upgraded from 19.76 MJ/kg for dried raw food waste to 26.15 MJ/kg for torrefied food waste at the appropriate conditions which were 275 °C, 40 min and 10 °C/min. The higher heating value was comparable to that of bituminous coal from Anglo Mafube in South Africa. Elemental analysis of biochar showed an increase in carbon content with temperature due to loss of oxygen containing volatiles. This agreed with TG curves and FTIR spectra which confirmed release of H2O, CO and CO2. This resulted in a more hydrophobic solid fuel with high energy density. Food waste can therefore be upgraded to a biochar with similar fuel properties as pulverized coal used in coal fired boilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pahla
- University of Johannesburg, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2088 Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - F Ntuli
- University of Johannesburg, Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Mining, Metallurgy and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2088 Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - E Muzenda
- Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Technology, Botswana International University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag 16, Palapye, Botswana
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38
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Edwiges T, Frare L, Mayer B, Lins L, Mi Triolo J, Flotats X, de Mendonça Costa MSS. Influence of chemical composition on biochemical methane potential of fruit and vegetable waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 71:618-625. [PMID: 28554802 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of chemical composition on the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of twelve different batches of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) with different compositions collected over one year. BMP ranged from 288 to 516LNCH4kgVS-1, with significant statistical differences between means, which was explained by variations in the chemical composition over time. BMP was most strongly correlated to lipid content and high calorific values. Multiple linear regression was performed to develop statistical models to more rapidly predict methane potential. Models were analysed that considered chemical compounds and that considered only high calorific value as a single parameter. The best BMP prediction was obtained using the statistical model that included lipid, protein, cellulose, lignin, and high calorific value (HCV), with R2 of 92.5%; lignin was negatively correlated to methane production. Because HCV and lipids are strongly correlated, and because HCV can be determined more rapidly than overall chemical composition, HCV may be useful for predicting BMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Edwiges
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Technology - Parana, Avenida Brasil 4232, Medianeira, Brazil; Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Parana State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069 Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110 Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Laercio Frare
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Technology - Parana, Avenida Brasil 4232, Medianeira, Brazil
| | - Bruna Mayer
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Technology - Parana, Avenida Brasil 4232, Medianeira, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Lins
- International Center on Renewable Energy - Biogas, Avenida Tancredo Neves 6731, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Jin Mi Triolo
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, Faculty of Engineering, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M 5230, Denmark
| | - Xavier Flotats
- GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA/UPC, Department of Agrifood Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona TECH, Campus Mediterreni de la Tecnologia, Building D4, E-08860 Castelldefels, Spain
| | - Mônica Sarolli Silva de Mendonça Costa
- Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation, Western Parana State University, Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program, Rua Universitária, 2069 Jardim Universitário, 85.819-110 Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil.
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39
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Li D, Chen L, Liu X, Mei Z, Ren H, Cao Q, Yan Z. Instability mechanisms and early warning indicators for mesophilic anaerobic digestion of vegetable waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 245:90-97. [PMID: 28892710 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.07.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to elucidate the instability mechanism, screen early warning indicators, and propose control measures, the mesophilic digestion of vegetable waste (VW) was carried out at organic loading rates (OLR) of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5g volatile solid (VS)/(Ld). The process parameters, including biogas components, volatile fatty acids (VFA), ammonia, pH, total alkalinity (TA), bicarbonate alkalinity (BA), and intermediate alkalinity (IA), were monitored every day. Digestion was inhibited at OLR of 1.5gVS/(Ld). The primary causes of instability are a high sugar and negligible ammonia content, in addition to the feed without effluent recirculation, which led to BA loss. The ratios of CH4/CO2, VFA/BA, propionate, n-butyrate and iso-valerate were selected as early warning indicators. In order to maintain the digestion of VW at a high OLR, control measures including effluent recirculation and trace element addition are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zili Mei
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Haiwei Ren
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Qin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhiying Yan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental and Applied Microbiology, Environmental Microbiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chen Y, Sun LP, Liu ZH, Martin G, Sun Z. Integration of Waste Valorization for Sustainable Production of Chemicals and Materials via Algal Cultivation. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:89. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0175-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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41
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Exploring Effective Incentive Design to Reduce Food Waste: A Natural Experiment of Policy Change from Community Based Charge to RFID Based Weight Charge. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su9112046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Wang Y, Zang B, Gong X, Liu Y, Li G. Effects of pH buffering agents on the anaerobic hydrolysis acidification stage of kitchen waste. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 68:603-609. [PMID: 28662845 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated effects of initial pH buffering agents on the lab-scale anaerobic hydrolysis acidification stage of kitchen waste (KW). Different cheap, available and suitable buffering agents (NaOH(s), NaOH(l), CaO(s)-NaOH, KOH(l)-NaOH, K2HPO4(s)-KOH, Na2CO3(s)-NaOH) were added under optimal adjusting mode (first two days: per 16h, after: one time per day) which was obtained in previous work. The effects of buffering agents were evaluated according to indexes of pH, VFAs, NH4+-N, TS, VS, VS/TS, TS and VS removal rate. The results showed treatment 5 with adding K2HPO4-KOH buffering agents had the most stable pH (6.7-7.0). Also treatment 5, 2, 4 and 6 provided stable pH ranging in 5-8. Among the treatments, treatment 6 with adding Na2CO3 as initial buffering agents and 10mol/L NaOH as regulator was chosen as the optimal mode for highest VFAs content (44.05g/L) with high acetic acid and butyrate acid proportion (42.64%), TS and VS removal rate (44.84% and 58.67%, respectively), low VS/TS ratio (58.55), fewer adding dosage and low adjusting frequency. The VFAs content of treatment 6 at the end of hydrolysis acidification stage could be used for methanogenic phase of anaerobic two-phase digestion. Thus, treatment 6 (adding Na2CO3 as initial buffering agents and 10mol/L NaOH as regulator) with highest VFAs content and TS and VS removal rate could be considered using in anaerobic hydrolysis acidification stage pH adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Wang
- College of Agronomy/Center of Biomass Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Zang
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guoxue Li
- College of Agronomy/Center of Biomass Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Resource and Environmental Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Li Q, Li H, Wang G, Wang X. Effects of loading rate and temperature on anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and waste activated sludge in a high frequency feeding system, looking in particular at stability and efficiency. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 237:231-239. [PMID: 28238640 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with a high feeding frequency (HFF) of once every 15min was employed in order to ease the loading shock frequently occurred in digester with a low feeding frequency. The effects of the organic loading rate (OLR) and temperature on the co-digestion of food waste and waste activated sludge was evaluated in a 302-day long-term experiment. Due to the high hydrolysis rate, the maximum CH4 yield in a thermophilic reactor was 407mL CH4/gVSadded, a value that was significantly higher than the 350mL CH4/gVSadded that occurred in a mesophilic reactor. Although the alkalinity declined when HRT was shorted than 10d, caused by the decrease of conversion ratio from protein to ammonium, the increase of specific methanogenic activity helped HFF system to achieve stable performance at an OLR of 11.2 (HRT 7.5d) and 30.2gVS/L/d (HRT 3d) under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE; Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Hao Li
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE; Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Gaojun Wang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE; Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaochang Wang
- International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development; Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE; Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse, Shaanxi; Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi; Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710055, China.
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Grosser A, Neczaj E, Singh BR, Almås ÅR, Brattebø H, Kacprzak M. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with grease trap sludge and municipal solid waste as co-substrates. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 155:249-260. [PMID: 28237904 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of simultaneous treatment of multiple wastes via co-digestion was studied in semi-continuous mode at mesophilic conditions. The obtained results indicated that sewage sludge, organic fraction of municipal waste (OFMSW) and grease trap sludge (GTS) possess complementary properties that can be combined for successful anaerobic digestion. During the co-digestion period, methane yield and VS removal were significantly higher in comparison to digestion of sewage sludge alone. Addition of GTS to digesters treating sewage sludge resulted in increased VS removal and methane yield up to 13% (from 50 to 56.4) and 52% (from 300 to 456,547m3/Mg VSadd), respectively. While the use of OFMSW as the next co-substrate in the feedstock, can boost methane yield and VS removal up to 82% (300-547m3/Mg VSadd) and approximately 29% (from 50% to 64.7%), respectively. Moreover, the results of the present laboratory study revealed that the addition of co-substrates to the feedstock had a significant influence on biogas composition. During the experiment methane content in biogas ranged from 67% to 69%. While, the concentration of LCFAs was increasing with the gradual increase in the share of co-substrates in the mixtures, wherein only the oleic acid was higher than some inhibition concentrations which have been reported in the literature. However, it did not significantly affect the efficiency of the co-digestion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grosser
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Brzeznicka St. 60 A, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
| | - E Neczaj
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Brzeznicka St. 60 A, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland.
| | - B R Singh
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Post Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - Å R Almås
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Post Box 5003, 1432 Ås, Norway
| | - H Brattebø
- Department of Energy and Process Engineering Industrial Ecology Programme Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - M Kacprzak
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Brzeznicka St. 60 A, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland
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Effects of Biogas Substrate Recirculation on Methane Yield and Efficiency of a Liquid-Manure-Based Biogas Plant. ENERGIES 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/en10030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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46
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Rodríguez-Abalde Á, Flotats X, Fernández B. Optimization of the anaerobic co-digestion of pasteurized slaughterhouse waste, pig slurry and glycerine. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 61:521-528. [PMID: 28024897 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2016.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The feasibility of co-digestion of blends of two different animal by-products (pig manure and pasteurized slaughterhouse waste) and recovered glycerine was studied in mesophilic conditions. Experiments were performed in a lab-scale CSTR along 490days, with a hydraulic retention time of 21-33days and with a step-wise increased organic loading rate, by adding and/or changing the wastes ratio, from 0.8 to 3.2kgCODm-3d-1. The best methane production rate (0.64Nm3CH4m-3d-1) represented an increment of 2.9-fold the initial one (0.22Nm3CH4m-3d-1 with pig manure solely). It was attained with a ternary mixture composed, in terms of inlet volatile solids, by 35% pig slurry, 47% pasteurized slaughterhouse waste and 18% glycerine. This blend was obtained through a stepwise C/N adjustment: this strategy led to a more balanced biodegradation due to unstressed bacterial populations through the performance, showed by the VFA-related indicators. Besides this, an improved methane yield (+153%) and an organic matter removal efficiency (+83%), regarding the digestion of solely pig slurry, were attained when the C/N ratio was adjusted to 10.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángela Rodríguez-Abalde
- IRTA, GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA-UPC, Torre Marimon, E-08140, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain; EnergyLab, Edificio CITEXVI - Local 1, Fonte das Abelleiras, s/n, Campus Universitario de Vigo, E-36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Xavier Flotats
- GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA-UPC, Department of Agrifood Engineering and Biotechnology, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya - BarcelonaTECH, Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia, Building D-4, E-08860, Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Belén Fernández
- IRTA, GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA-UPC, Torre Marimon, E-08140, Caldes de Montbui, Barcelona, Spain.
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Chiu SLH, Lo IMC. Reviewing the anaerobic digestion and co-digestion process of food waste from the perspectives on biogas production performance and environmental impacts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:24435-24450. [PMID: 27380183 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7159-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, factors that affect biogas production in the anaerobic digestion (AD) and anaerobic co-digestion (coAD) processes of food waste are reviewed with the aim to improve biogas production performance. These factors include the composition of substrates in food waste coAD as well as pre-treatment methods and anaerobic reactor system designs in both food waste AD and coAD. Due to the characteristics of the substrates used, the biogas production performance varies as different effects are exhibited on nutrient balance, inhibitory substance dilution, and trace metal element supplement. Various types of pre-treatment methods such as mechanical, chemical, thermal, and biological methods are discussed to improve the rate-limiting hydrolytic step in the digestion processes. The operation parameters of a reactor system are also reviewed with consideration of the characteristics of the substrates. Since the environmental awareness and concerns for waste management systems have been increasing, this paper also addresses possible environmental impacts of AD and coAD in food waste treatment and recommends feasible methods to reduce the impacts. In addition, uncertainties in the life cycle assessment (LCA) studies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam L H Chiu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Irene M C Lo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
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De Vrieze J, Smet D, Klok J, Colsen J, Angenent LT, Vlaeminck SE. Thermophilic sludge digestion improves energy balance and nutrient recovery potential in full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 218:1237-1245. [PMID: 27423372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.06.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The conventional treatment of municipal wastewater by means of activated sludge is typically energy demanding. Here, the potential benefits of: (1) the optimization of mesophilic digestion; and (2) transitioning to thermophilic sludge digestion in three wastewater treatment plants (Tilburg-Noord, Land van Cuijk and Bath) in the Netherlands is evaluated, including a full-scale trial validation in Bath. In Tilburg-Noord, thermophilic sludge digestion covered the energy requirements of the plant (102%), whereas 111% of sludge operational treatment costs could be covered in Bath. Thermophilic sludge digestion also resulted in a strong increase in nutrient release. The potential for nutrient recovery was evaluated via: (1) stripping/absorption of ammonium; (2) autotrophic removal of ammonium via partial nitritation/anammox; and (3) struvite precipitation. This research shows that optimization of sludge digestion may lead to a strong increase in energy recovery, sludge treatment costs reduction, and the potential for advanced nutrient management in full-scale sewage treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo De Vrieze
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Davey Smet
- Colsen BV, Kreekzoom 5, 4561 GX Hulst, The Netherlands
| | - Jacob Klok
- Colsen BV, Kreekzoom 5, 4561 GX Hulst, The Netherlands
| | - Joop Colsen
- Colsen BV, Kreekzoom 5, 4561 GX Hulst, The Netherlands
| | - Largus T Angenent
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerpen, Belgium.
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Creating Economic Incentives for Waste Disposal in Developing Countries Using the MixAlco Process. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 181:294-308. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2213-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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