1
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Li Y, Guo Y, Geng C, Song S, Yang W, Li X, Wang C. Vitamin D/vitamin D receptor protects intestinal barrier against colitis by positively regulating Notch pathway. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1421577. [PMID: 39130644 PMCID: PMC11310051 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1421577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VD/VDR) signaling and the Notch pathway are involved in intestinal barrier restoration in colitis; however, their relationship and underlying mechanism are largely unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of VD/VDR and the Notch pathways in intestinal barrier protection. Methods Genetic Vdr knockout (VDR KO) and VD deficient (VDd) mice were established, and colitis was induced by feeding 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) water. Mechanistic studies, including real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, Western blotting and dual-luciferase reporter assays, were performed on cultured Caco-2 cells and intestinal organoids. Results VD deficiency and VDR genetical KO increased the severity of DSS-induced colitis in mice, which presented a higher disease activity index score, increased intestinal permeability, and more severe intestinal histological damage than controls, accompanied by decreased and disrupted claudin-1 and claudin-3. Moreover, inhibition of Notch pathway by LY411,575 aggravated the severity of DSS-induced colitis and intestinal injury. In Caco-2 cells and intestinal organoids, the expression of Notch-1, N1ICD and Hes1 decreased upon downregulation or KO of VDR but increased upon paricalcitol (PAR, a VDR agonist) treatment. Meanwhile, PAR rescued claudin-1 and claudin-3 impairments that resulted from TNF-α exposure but failed to restore claudin-3 upon Notch inhibition. The dual-luciferase reporter assay further suggested that VD/VDR positively regulated the Notch signaling pathway by modulating Notch-1 transcription. Conclusion VD/VDR positively modulates Notch activation by promoting Notch-1 transcription to maintain intestinal tight junction integrity and barrier function. This highlights the VD/VDR-Notch pathway as a potential new therapeutic target for protecting the intestinal barrier against ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanni Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaoyu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chong Geng
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuailing Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Järvelin UM, Järvelin JM. Significance of vitamin D responsiveness on the etiology of vitamin D-related diseases. Steroids 2024; 207:109437. [PMID: 38723841 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D resistance (VDRES) explains the necessity for higher doses of Vitamin D (VD) than those recommended for treatment success. VD receptor (VDR) signaling blockade, such as that caused by infections and poisons, is one basis for VDRES etiology. Mutations within genes affecting the VD system cause susceptibility to developing low VD responsiveness and autoimmunity. In contrast, VD hypersensitivity (VDHY) occurs if there is extra VD in the body; for example, as a result of an overdose of a VD supplement. Excess 1,25(OH)2D3 is produced in lymphomas and granulomatous diseases. The placenta produces excess 1,25(OH)2D3. Gene mutations regulating the production or degradation of 1,25(OH)2D3 enhance the effects of 1,25(OH)2D3. Increased 1,25(OH)2D3 levels stimulate calcium absorption in the gut, leading to hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia can result in the calcification of the kidneys, circulatory system, or placenta, leading to kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and pregnancy complications. The primary treatment involves avoiding exposure to the sun and VD supplements. The prevalence rates of VDRES and VDHY remain unclear. One estimate was that 25%, 51%, and 24% of the patients had strong, medium, and poor responses, respectively. Heavy-dose VD therapy may be a promising method for the treatment of autoimmune diseases; however, assessing its potential side effects is essential. To avoid VD-mediated hypercalcemia, responsiveness must be considered when treating pregnancies or cardiovascular diseases associated with VD. Furthermore, how VD is associated with the related disorders remains unclear. Investigating responsiveness to VD may provide more accurate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla M Järvelin
- Tampere University, Medical Faculty, Department of Anatomy (2005 - 2009), Arvo Ylpönkatu 34, 33520 Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital (2009 - 2021), Ensitie 8, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Juho M Järvelin
- Turku University, Medical Faculty, Department of General Medicine, 20014 Turun yliopisto, Finland.
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3
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Costa A, Lucarini E. Treating chronic stress and chronic pain by manipulating gut microbiota with diet: can we kill two birds with one stone? Nutr Neurosci 2024:1-24. [PMID: 38889540 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2024.2365021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Background: Chronic stress and chronic pain are closely linked by the capacity to exacerbate each other, sharing common roots in the brain and in the gut. The strict intersection between these two neurological diseases makes important to have a therapeutic strategy aimed at preventing both to maintain mental health in patients. Diet is an modifiable lifestyle factor associated with gut-brain axis diseases and there is growing interest in its use as adjuvant to main therapies. Several evidence attest the impact of specific diets or nutrients on chronic stress-related disorders and pain with a good degree of certainty. A daily adequate intake of foods containing micronutrients such as amino acids, minerals and vitamins, as well as the reduction in the consumption of processed food products can have a positive impact on microbiota and gut health. Many nutrients are endowed of prebiotic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential which make them useful tools helping the management of chronic stress and pain in patients. Dietary regimes, as intermittent fasting or caloric restriction, are promising, although further studies are needed to optimize protocols according to patient's medical history, age and sex. Moreover, by supporting gut microbiota health with diet is possible to attenuate comorbidities such as obesity, gastrointestinal dysfunction and mood disorders, thus reducing healthcare costs related to chronic stress or pain.Objective: This review summarize the most recent evidence on the microbiota-mediated beneficial effects of macro- and micronutrients, dietary-related factors, specific nutritional regimens and dietary intervention on these pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Costa
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug Area and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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4
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Guida F, Iannotta M, Perrone M, Infantino R, Giorgini G, Fusco A, Marabese I, Manzo I, Belardo C, Di Martino E, Pagano S, Boccella S, Silvestri C, Luongo L, Di Marzo V, Maione S. PEA-OXA restores cognitive impairments associated with vitamin D deficiency-dependent alterations of the gut microbiota. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116600. [PMID: 38670046 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
There is a growing evidence suggesting the association of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and cognitive impairment. In this study we evaluated the possible involvement of gut microbiota in the cognitive impairments mediated by VDD and investigated the effects of pharmacological treatment with the oxazoline derivative of the aliamide palmitoylethanolamide, 2-Pentadecyl-2-oxazoline (PEA-OXA). Mice were submitted to behavioural, biochemical and electrophysiological analysis to assess whether their vitamin D status affected cognitive performance together with gut microbiota composition. In VDD mice we found cognitive malfunctioning associated with reduced neuroplasticity, indicated by impaired long term potentiation, and neuroinflammation at the hippocampal level. Importantly, PEA-OXA counteracted the cognitive impairments and modified the biochemical and functional changes induced by VDD. Additionally, PEA-OXA treatment enhanced gut microbiota diversity, which tended to be decreased by VDD only in female mice, elevated the relative abundance of lactic and butyric acid-producing families, i.e. Aerococcaceae and Butyricicoccaceae, and reversed the VDD-induced decrease of butyrate-producing beneficial genera, such as Blautia in female mice, and Roseburia in male mice. These data provide novel insights for a better understanding of the cognitive decline induced by VDD and related gut dysbiosis and its potential therapeutic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Guida
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy.
| | - Monica Iannotta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Michela Perrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Rosmara Infantino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Giada Giorgini
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebéc (CRIUCPQ) et Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Centre NUTRISS, Department of Medicine and School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Antimo Fusco
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Ida Marabese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Iolanda Manzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Carmela Belardo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Emanuele Di Martino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Salvatore Pagano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Serena Boccella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Cristoforo Silvestri
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebéc (CRIUCPQ) et Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Centre NUTRISS, Department of Medicine and School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Livio Luongo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Di Marzo
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Quebéc (CRIUCPQ) et Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Centre NUTRISS, Department of Medicine and School of Nutrition, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; Endocannabinoid Research Group, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy; Canada Excellence Research Chair on the Microbiome-Endocannabinoidome Axis in Metabolic Health, Université Laval, and Joint International Research Unit between the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche and Université Laval on Chemical and Biomolecular Studies on the Microbiome and its Impact on Metabolic Health and Nutrition, Canada
| | - Sabatino Maione
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples 80138, Italy.
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Zhang B, Mei X, Zhao M, Lu Q. The new era of immune skin diseases: Exploring advances in basic research and clinical translations. J Transl Autoimmun 2024; 8:100232. [PMID: 39022635 PMCID: PMC11252396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2024.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xiaole Mei
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
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6
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Meral G, Aslan ES, Tunaligil V, Burkay N, Alper Acar EG, Alp MY. The Importance of Nutrigenetics and Microbiota in Personalized Medicine: From Phenotype to Genotype. Cureus 2024; 16:e61256. [PMID: 38807972 PMCID: PMC11132663 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background After the completion of the Human Genome Project in 2003, the impact of genetic variations among people on human health was better understood. Precision medicine, also called 4P (Predictive, Preventive, Personalized, Participatory) medicine, is used to determine personal health risks, prevent, diagnose, and treat chronic diseases, and aims to identify the phenotypic, genotypic, and environmental factors that affect individual health risks instead of applying the same approach to everyone. Methods The study was conducted with 24 patients aged between 7 and 57. The patient group was selected from individuals who had undergone genetic and microbiota testing at Epigenetic Coaching Company. The patients' age, gender, and health status were documented. Genomic analysis of buccal samples was subsequently conducted using a custom Infinium HTS iSelect microarray on an Illumina iScan instrument, and microbiota metagenome analysis was performed using an Illumina NextSeq 500 platform. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Biruni University Molecular Biology and Genetics Ethics Committee, with the decision number 2023/78-03. Results The genotypes of 19 cases carrying genetic variants involved in the metabolism of Vitamin D, Folate, B12, and Choline were analyzed. Eight of the cases were included in our study as autism patients, eight as allergy patients, and three as autoimmune thyroiditis patients. The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) genetic variants and microbiota diversity (using the Firmicutes/Bacteroides ratio, an indicator of dysbiosis) of 11 cases (9 allergy and two autism patients) participating in the study were evaluated together. Conclusions Translating nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic research into multidisciplinary clinical practice is the most challenging aspect. It is now evident that integrating data regarding phenotype and genotype, and using nutrition, lifestyle, and supplements tailored to an individual's genetics can increase clinical success. Importantly, if we wish to adopt an epigenomic approach, we must incorporate analyses of nutrigenetics, microbiota, and personalized risk based on test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulsen Meral
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni University, Istanbul, TUR
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Epigenetic Coaching, Norwich, GBR
| | - Elif S Aslan
- Molecular Biology and Genetics, Biruni University, Istanbul, TUR
| | - Verda Tunaligil
- Epidemiology and Public Health, Ministry of Health, Istanbul Health Directorate, The Medical Device and Simulation Center (SIMMERK5), Istanbul, TUR
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7
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Zhao Y, Zhao X, Jiang T, Xi H, Jiang Y, Feng X. A Retrospective Review on Dysregulated Autophagy in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Strategies. Horm Metab Res 2024. [PMID: 38565184 DOI: 10.1055/a-2280-7130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The main purpose of this article is to explore the relationship between autophagy and the pathological mechanism of PCOS, and to find potential therapeutic methods that can alleviate the pathological mechanism of PCOS by targeting autophagy. Relevant literatures were searched in the following databases, including: PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus. The search terms were "autophagy", "PCOS", "polycystic ovary syndrome", "ovulation", "hyperandrogenemia", "insulin resistance", "inflammatory state", "circadian rhythm" and "treatment", which were combined according to the retrieval methods of different databases. Through analysis, we uncovered that abnormal levels of autophagy were closely related to abnormal ovulation, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenemia, and low-grade inflammation in patients with PCOS. Lifestyle intervention, melatonin, vitamin D, and probiotics, etc. were able to improve the pathological mechanism of PCOS via targeting autophagy. In conclusion, autophagy disorder is a key pathological mechanism in PCOS and is also a potential target for drug development and design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyue Jiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyan Xi
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yuepeng Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Feng
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
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8
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Revankar NA, Negi PS. Biotics: An emerging food supplement for health improvement in the era of immune modulation. Nutr Clin Pract 2024; 39:311-329. [PMID: 37466413 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the commensal microbiota in immune function is a multifold process. Biotics, such as probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and paraprobiotics, have been subjected to animal and human trials demonstrating the association between gut microbes and immunity biomarkers leading to improvement in overall health. In recent years, studies on human microbiome interaction have established the multifarious role of biotics in maintaining overall health. The consumption of biotics has been extensively reported to help in maintaining microbial diversity, enhancing gut-associated mucosal immune homeostasis, and providing protection against a wide range of lifestyle disorders. However, the establishment of biotics as an alternative therapy for a range of health conditions is yet to be ascertained. Despite the fact that scientific literature has demonstrated the correlation between biotics and immune modulation, most in vivo and in vitro reports are inconclusive on the dosage required. This review provides valuable insights into the immunomodulatory effects of biotics consumption based on evidence obtained from animal models and clinical trials. Furthermore, we highlight the optimal dosages of biotics that have been reported to deliver maximum health benefits. By identifying critical research gaps, we have suggested a roadmap for future investigations to advance our understanding of the intricate crosstalk between biotics and immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam A Revankar
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Pradeep S Negi
- Department of Fruit and Vegetables Technology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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9
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Sultana OF, Hia RA, Reddy PH. A Combinational Therapy for Preventing and Delaying the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease: A Focus on Probiotic and Vitamin Co-Supplementation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:202. [PMID: 38397800 PMCID: PMC10886126 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with a complex etiology, and effective interventions to prevent or delay its onset remain a global health challenge. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential role of probiotic and vitamin supplementation as complementary strategies for Alzheimer's disease prevention. This review paper explores the current scientific literature on the use of probiotics and vitamins, particularly vitamin A, D, E, K, and B-complex vitamins, in the context of Alzheimer's disease prevention and management. We delve into the mechanisms through which probiotics may modulate gut-brain interactions and neuroinflammation while vitamins play crucial roles in neuronal health and cognitive function. The paper also examines the collective impact of this combinational therapy on reducing the risk factors associated with Alzheimer's disease, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut dysbiosis. By providing a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence and potential mechanisms, this review aims to shed light on the promise of probiotic and vitamin co-supplementation as a multifaceted approach to combat Alzheimer's disease, offering insights into possible avenues for future research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omme Fatema Sultana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
| | - Raksa Andalib Hia
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA;
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
- Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
- Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
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10
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Yao M, Oduro PK, Akintibu AM, Yan H. Modulation of the vitamin D receptor by traditional Chinese medicines and bioactive compounds: potential therapeutic applications in VDR-dependent diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298181. [PMID: 38318147 PMCID: PMC10839104 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a crucial nuclear receptor that plays a vital role in various physiological functions. To a larger extent, the genomic effects of VDR maintain general wellbeing, and its modulation holds implications for multiple diseases. Current evidence regarding using vitamin D or its synthetic analogs to treat non-communicable diseases is insufficient, though observational studies suggest potential benefits. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and bioactive compounds derived from natural sources have garnered increasing attention. Interestingly, TCM formulae and TCM-derived bioactive compounds have shown promise in modulating VDR activities. This review explores the intriguing potential of TCM and bioactive compounds in modulating VDR activity. We first emphasize the latest information on the genetic expression, function, and structure of VDR, providing a comprehensive understanding of this crucial receptor. Following this, we review several TCM formulae and herbs known to influence VDR alongside the mechanisms underpinning their action. Similarly, we also discuss TCM-based bioactive compounds that target VDR, offering insights into their roles and modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Yao
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Patrick Kwabena Oduro
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ayomide M. Akintibu
- School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haifeng Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Zhao X, Hu M, Zhou H, Yang Y, Shen S, You Y, Xue Z. The role of gut microbiome in the complex relationship between respiratory tract infection and asthma. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1219942. [PMID: 37577440 PMCID: PMC10413575 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1219942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is one of the common chronic respiratory diseases in children, which poses a serious threat to children's quality of life. Respiratory infection is a risk factor for asthma. Compared with healthy children, children with early respiratory infections have a higher risk of asthma and an increased chance of developing severe asthma. Many clinical studies have confirmed the correlation between respiratory infections and the pathogenesis of asthma, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The gut microbiome is an important part of maintaining the body's immune homeostasis. The imbalance of the gut microbiome can affect the lung immune function, and then affect lung health and cause respiratory diseases. A large number of evidence supports that there is a bidirectional regulation between intestinal flora and respiratory tract infection, and both are significantly related to the development of asthma. The changes of intestinal microbial components and their metabolites in respiratory tract infection may affect the occurrence and development of asthma through the immune pathway. By summarizing the latest advancements in research, this review aims to elucidate the intricate connection between respiratory tract infections and the progression of asthma by highlighting its bridging role of the gut microbiome. Furthermore, it offers novel perspectives and ideas for future investigations into the mechanisms that underlie the relationship between respiratory tract infections and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yannan You
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Xue
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Ding Y, Wu Q. 1,25D/VDR inhibits pancreatic β cell ferroptosis by downregulating FOXO1 expression in diabetes mellitus. Cell Signal 2023; 105:110564. [PMID: 36581217 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health problem that seriously threatens human health. Vitamin D (VD) has antidiabetic effects. However, the protective mechanism of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D) on T2DM is still unclear. METHODS A rat model of T2DM was constructed using a high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Glucose tolerance was assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Insulin secretion in blood and cell supernatant was determined by ELISA. Cell viability was analysed by CCK-8 assay. The level of ROS was detected by the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe method. The iron level in pancreatic tissues and cells was detected by an iron assay kit. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of the pancreatic β cell marker CD49a. Furthermore, the protein expression levels of ferroptosis pathway-related proteins and vitamin D receptor (VDR) were detected by western blot. Downstream VDR targets were screened by proteomic sequencing. RESULTS The DM group had increased glucose levels and decreased insulin secretion, while 1,25D treatment decreased glucose levels and increased insulin secretion. 1,25D also suppressed DM-induced ferroptosis in pancreatic tissues in vivo. In addition, 1,25D significantly enhanced the viability of pancreatic β cells and reduced the levels of ROS and iron. 1,25D significantly upregulated the expression of VDR and the ferroptosis-related pathway protein GPX4 and downregulated the expression of ACSL4. Furthermore, knockdown of VDR reversed the effects of 1,25D on cell viability, ROS and iron levels, and ferroptosis-related protein expression in pancreatic β cells. Proteomic sequencing revealed that FOXO1 was the downstream target gene of VDR. Knockdown of FOXO1 reduced pancreatic β cell death, decreased ROS, iron and ACSL4 levels, and increased GPX4 levels. CONCLUSION 1,25D/VDR inhibited pancreatic β cell ferroptosis in T2DM by downregulating the expression of FOXO1. This study provides a new theoretical basis for basic research on T2DM and is expected to establish a new idea for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ding
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Department, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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13
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de Oliveira CS, Baptistella MM, Siqueira AP, Carvalho MO, Ramos LF, Souto BS, de Almeida LA, Dos Santos EG, Novaes RD, Nogueira ESC, de Oliveira PF. Combination of vitamin D and probiotics inhibits chemically induced colorectal carcinogenesis in Wistar rats. Life Sci 2023; 322:121617. [PMID: 37003542 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The modulation of inflammatory elements, cell differentiation and proliferation by vitamin D and the role of probiotics in the intestinal microbiota and immunogenic response have sparked interest in the application of both in chemotherapeutics and chemoprevention of colorectal tumors. AIMS The present study aimed to investigate the effects of isolated and/or combined treatment of vitamin D3 and probiotics on colorectal carcinogenesis. MAIN METHODS Pre-neoplastic lesions were induced with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine in the colon of Wistar rats, which were treated with probiotics and/or vitamin D in three different approaches (simultaneous, pre-, and post-treatment). We investigated the frequency of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and aberrant crypt (AC) in the distal colon, fecal microbiome composition, gene and protein expression through immunohistochemical and RT-PCR assays, and general toxicity through water consumption and weight gain monitoring. KEY FINDINGS Results confirm the systemic safety of treatments, and show a protective effect of vitamin D and probiotics in all approaches studied, as well as in combined treatments, with predominance of different bacterial phyla compared to controls. Treated groups show different levels of Nrf2, GST, COX2, iNOS, β-catenin and PCNA expression. SIGNIFICANCE These experimental conditions explore the combination of vitamin D and probiotics supplementation at low doses over pathways involved in distinct stages of colorectal carcinogenesis, with results supporting its application in prevention and long-term strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina S de Oliveira
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariane M Baptistella
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Alexia P Siqueira
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Michele O Carvalho
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Longevity, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Ramos
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Bianca S Souto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A de Almeida
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Elda G Dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Biosciences Applied to Health, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Rômulo D Novaes
- Department of Structural Biology, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Ester S C Nogueira
- Animal Integrative Biology Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil
| | - Pollyanna F de Oliveira
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Longevity, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Microorganisms, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas 37130-001, MG, Brazil.
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14
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Aggeletopoulou I, Marangos M, Assimakopoulos SF, Mouzaki A, Thomopoulos K, Triantos C. Vitamin D and Microbiome: Molecular Interaction in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Pathogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2023:S0002-9440(23)00055-X. [PMID: 36868465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies of systemic autoimmune diseases point to characteristic microbial patterns in various diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Autoimmune diseases, and IBD in particular, show a predisposition to vitamin D deficiency, leading to alterations in the microbiome and disruption of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. In this review, we examine the role of the gut microbiome in IBD and discuss how vitamin D-vitamin D receptor (VDR)-associated molecular signaling pathways contribute to the development and progression of IBD through their effects on gut barrier function, the microbial community, and immune system function. The present data demonstrate that vitamin D promotes the proper function of the innate immune system by acting as an immunomodulator, exerting anti-inflammatory effects, and critically contributing to the maintenance of gut barrier integrity and modulation of the gut microbiota, mechanisms that may influence the IBD development and progression. VDR regulates the biological effects of vitamin D and is related to environmental, genetic, immunologic, and microbial aspects of IBD. Vitamin D influences the distribution of the fecal microbiota, with high vitamin D levels associated with increased levels of beneficial bacterial species and lower levels of pathogenic bacteria. Understanding the cellular functions of vitamin D-VDR signaling in intestinal epithelial cells may pave the way for the development of new treatment strategies for the therapeutic armamentarium of IBD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece; Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Immunohematology, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece.
| | - Markos Marangos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios F Assimakopoulos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasia Mouzaki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Immunohematology, Medical School, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Thomopoulos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
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15
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Zhang YG, Xia Y, Zhang J, Deb S, Garrett S, Sun J. Intestinal vitamin D receptor protects against extraintestinal breast cancer tumorigenesis. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2202593. [PMID: 37074210 PMCID: PMC10120454 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2202593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The microbiota plays critical roles in regulating the function and health of the intestine and extraintestinal organs. A fundamental question is whether an intestinal-microbiome-breast axis exists during the development of breast cancer. If so, what are the roles of host factors? Vitamin D receptor (VDR) involves host factors and the human microbiome. Vdr gene variation shapes the human microbiome, and VDR deficiency leads to dysbiosis. We hypothesized that intestinal VDR protects hosts against tumorigenesis in the breast. We examined a 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer model in intestinal epithelial VDR knockout (VDRΔIEC) mice with dysbiosis. We reported that VDRΔIEC mice with dysbiosis are more susceptible to breast cancer induced by DMBA. Intestinal and breast microbiota analysis showed that VDR deficiency leads to a bacterial profile shift from normal to susceptible to carcinogenesis. We found enhanced bacterial staining within breast tumors. At the molecular and cellular levels, we identified the mechanisms by which intestinal epithelial VDR deficiency led to increased gut permeability, disrupted tight junctions, microbial translocation, and enhanced inflammation, thus increasing tumor size and number in the breast. Furthermore, treatment with the beneficial bacterial metabolite butyrate or the probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum reduced breast tumors, enhanced tight junctions, inhibited inflammation, increased butyryl-CoA transferase, and decreased levels of breast Streptococcus bacteria in VDRΔIEC mice. The gut microbiome contributes to the pathogenesis of diseases not only in the intestine but also in the breast. Our study provides insights into the mechanism by which intestinal VDR dysfunction and gut dysbiosis lead to a high risk of extraintestinal tumorigenesis. Gut-tumor-microbiome interactions represent a new target in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Guo Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shreya Deb
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Shari Garrett
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- UIC Cancer Center, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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16
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Liao X, Lan Y, Wang W, Zhang J, Shao R, Yin Z, Gudmundsson GH, Bergman P, Mai K, Ai Q, Wan M. Vitamin D influences gut microbiota and acetate production in zebrafish ( Danio rerio) to promote intestinal immunity against invading pathogens. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2187575. [PMID: 36879441 PMCID: PMC10012952 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2187575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although evidence has shown that vitamin D (VD) influences gut homeostasis, limited knowledge is available how VD regulates intestinal immunity against bacterial infection. In the present study, cyp2r1 mutant zebrafish, lacking the capacity to metabolize VD, and zebrafish fed a diet devoid of VD, were utilized as VD-deficient animal models. Our results confirmed that the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and IL-22 was restrained and the susceptibility to bacterial infection was increased in VD-deficient zebrafish. Furthermore, VD induced AMP expression in zebrafish intestine by activating IL-22 signaling, which was dependent on the microbiota. Further analysis uncovered that the abundance of the acetate-producer Cetobacterium in VD-deficient zebrafish was reduced compared to WT fish. Unexpectedly, VD promoted the growth and acetate production of Cetobacterium somerae under culture in vitro. Importantly, acetate treatment rescued the suppressed expression of β-defensins in VD-deficient zebrafish. Finally, neutrophils contributed to VD-induced AMP expression in zebrafish. In conclusion, our study elucidated that VD modulated gut microbiota composition and production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in zebrafish intestine, leading to enhanced immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmeng Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yawen Lan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinjin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Rui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Gudmundur H Gudmundsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Biomedical Center, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Peter Bergman
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,The Immunodeficiency Unit, Infectious Disease Clinic, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Wan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Pilot National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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17
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Lin Y, Xia P, Cao F, Zhang C, Yang Y, Jiang H, Lin H, Liu H, Liu R, Liu X, Cai J. Protective effects of activated vitamin D receptor on radiation-induced intestinal injury. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 27:246-258. [PMID: 36579449 PMCID: PMC9843524 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is a common complication after radiation therapy in patients with pelvic, abdominal, or retroperitoneal tumours. Recently, in the model of DSS (Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt) -induced intestinal inflammatory injury, it has been found in the study that transgenic mice expressing hVDR in IEC (Intestinal Epithelial Cell) manifest highly anti-injury properties in colitis, suggesting that activated VDR in the epithelial cells of intestine may inhibit colitis by protecting the mucosal epithelial barrier. In this study, we investigated the effect of the expression and regulation of VDR on the protection of RIII, and the radiosensitivity in vitro experiments, and explored the initial mechanism of VDR in regulating radiosensitivity of IEC. As a result, we found that the expression of VDR in intestinal tissues and cells in mice can be induced by ionizing radiation. VDR agonists are able to prolong the average survival time of mice after radiation and reduce the radiation-induced intestinal injury. For lack of vitamin D, the radiosensitivity of intestinal epithelial cells in mice increased, which can be reduced by VDR activation. Ensuing VDR activation, the radiation-induced intestinal stem cells damage is decreased, and the regeneration and differentiation of intestinal stem cells is promoted as well. Finally, on the basis of sequencing analysis, we validated and found that VDR may target the HIF/PDK1 pathway to mitigate RIII. We concluded that agonism or upregulation of VDR expression attenuates radiation-induced intestinal damage in mice and promotes the repair of epithelial damage in intestinal stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Lin
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Penglin Xia
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fangyu Cao
- Incubation Base for Undergraduates' Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Yajie Yang
- Incubation Base for Undergraduates' Innovative Practice in Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haitao Jiang
- Department of Oral and maxillofacial Trauma and Orthognathic SurgeryStomatological Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiChina
| | - Haishan Lin
- Cancer Centre, Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruling Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina
| | - Jianming Cai
- School of Public Health and ManagementWenzhou Medical UniversityZhejiangChina,Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval MedicineNaval Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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18
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Hazan S, Dave S, Papoutsis AJ, Deshpande N, Howell MC, Martin LM. Vitamin C improves gut Bifidobacteria in humans. Future Microbiol 2022. [PMID: 36475828 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Numerous beneficial effects of vitamin C (ascorbic acid) supplementation have been reported in the literature. However, data on its effects toward the gut microbiome are limited. We assessed the effect of vitamin C supplementation on the abundance of beneficial bacterial species in the gut microbiome. Materials and methods: Stool samples were analyzed for relative abundance of gut microbiome bacteria using next-generation sequencing-based profiling and metagenomic shotgun analysis. Results: Supplementation with vitamin C increased the abundance of bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium (p = 0.0001) and affected various species. Conclusion: The beneficial effects of vitamin C supplementation may be attributed to modulation of the gut microbiome and the consequent health benefits thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hazan
- ProgenaBIome, LLC, Ventura, CA 93003, USA
- Mcrobiome Research Foundation, Ventura, CA 93003, USA
| | - Sonya Dave
- Mcrobiome Research Foundation, Ventura, CA 93003, USA
| | | | | | | | - Leisha Ma Martin
- Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, Department of Life Sciences, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA
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19
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Jamshidi S, Masoumi SJ, Abiri B, Sarbakhsh P, Sarrafzadeh J, Nasimi N, Vafa M. The effect of synbiotic and vitamin D co-supplementation on body composition and quality of life in middle-aged overweight and obese women: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 52:270-276. [PMID: 36513465 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Obesity is a worldwide problem which has involved large populations. Since some dietary factors might modify obesity through various signaling pathways, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of synbiotic plus vitamin D co-supplementation on body composition parameters and quality of life, in middle-aged overweight and obese women. METHODS A randomized, controlled, double-blinded trial was performed and 88 overweight and obese women were assigned to 4 groups (22 per group), receiving synbiotic plus vitamin D, synbiotic, vitamin D and placebo for 8 weeks. At the beginning and at the end of the trial, anthropometric indices, body composition indicators, physical activity level, dietary intake, and quality of life score were measured by trained nutritionists. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 22. RESULTS The results showed significant difference between 4 groups in waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), body fat percentage (BFP) and visceral fat area (VFA) values after 8 weeks of treatment (P = 0.005, P = 0.007, P = 0.003, and P = 0.009, respectively), with the greatest reduction in synbiotic plus vitamin D group compare to placebo. No significant results were demonstrated between groups in relation to other body composition variables. In addition, there were no significant differences between the 4 groups regarding physical, mental and total aspects of life quality over time. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that synbiotic and vitamin D co-supplementation for 8 weeks, had favorable effect on various anthropometric indices and body composition indicators, but no desirable change in life quality score. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY IRCT (registration no. IRCT20090822002365N25).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Jamshidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalil Masoumi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Center for Cohort Study of SUMS Employees' Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Sarbakhsh
- Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Sarrafzadeh
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Nasimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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20
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Shansky Y, Bespyatykh J. Bile Acids: Physiological Activity and Perspectives of Using in Clinical and Laboratory Diagnostics. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227830. [PMID: 36431930 PMCID: PMC9692537 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bile acids play a significant role in the digestion of nutrients. In addition, bile acids perform a signaling function through their blood-circulating fraction. They regulate the activity of nuclear and membrane receptors, located in many tissues. The gut microbiota is an important factor influencing the effects of bile acids via enzymatic modification. Depending on the rate of healthy and pathogenic microbiota, a number of bile acids may support lipid and glucose homeostasis as well as shift to more toxic compounds participating in many pathological conditions. Thus, bile acids can be possible biomarkers of human pathology. However, the chemical structure of bile acids is similar and their analysis requires sensitive and specific methods of analysis. In this review, we provide information on the chemical structure and the biosynthesis of bile acids, their regulation, and their physiological role. In addition, the review describes the involvement of bile acids in various diseases of the digestive system, the approaches and challenges in the analysis of bile acids, and the prospects of their use in omics technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslav Shansky
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., 1a, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Julia Bespyatykh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Center of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Malaya Pirogovskaya Str., 1a, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Expertise in Doping and Drug Control, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Square, 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Public Health and Health Care, Federal Scientific State Budgetary Institution «N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health», Vorontsovo Pole Str., 12-1, 105064 Moscow, Russia
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21
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Liu X, Zhou Y, Zou X. Correlation between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8390-8400. [PMID: 36354721 PMCID: PMC9689382 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH)D] levels and gastric cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, The China Academic Journals full-text database, Wanfang Database of Chinese Academic Journals, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature database were systematically searched. Case-control studies on the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and gastric cancer were retrieved, and the data extracted were analyzed. The results of 9 case-control studies containing 671 patients showed that serum 25(OH)D levels in the gastric cancer group were lower than those in the control group (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -8.90, 95% confidence interval (CI): -11.5, -6.32, p < 0.01); the risk of vitamin D deficiency in the gastric cancer group was higher than that in the control group (Odds ratio = 3.09, 95% CI: 1.96, 4.87, p < 0.01). The serum 25(OH)D levels in patients with well and moderately differentiated gastric cancer were higher than those in patients with poorly differentiated gastric cancer (WMD = -3.58, 95% CI: -6.41, -0.74, p = 0.01). Thus, low levels of vitamin D may increase the risk of gastric cancer. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022327942.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-24-87970052
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22
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Mărginean CO, Meliț LE, Borka Balas R, Văsieșiu AM, Fleșeriu T. The Crosstalk between Vitamin D and Pediatric Digestive Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102328. [PMID: 36292016 PMCID: PMC9600444 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a cyclopentane polyhydrophenanthrene compound involved mainly in bone health and calcium metabolism but also autophagy, modulation of the gut microbiota, cell proliferation, immune functions and intestinal barrier integrity. The sources of vitamin D include sunlight, diet and vitamin D supplements. Vitamin D3, the most effective vitamin D isoform is produced in the human epidermis as a result of sunlight exposure. Vitamin D undergoes two hydroxylation reactions in the liver and kidney to reach its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Recent studies highlighted a complex spectrum of roles regarding the wellbeing of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on its antimicrobial effect, it was recently indicated that vitamin D supplementation in addition to standard eradication therapy might enhance H. pylori eradication rates. Moreover, it was suggested that low levels of vitamin D might also be involved in the acquisition of H. pylori infection. In terms of celiac disease, the negative effects of vitamin D deficiency might begin even during intrauterine life in the setting of maternal deficiency. Moreover, vitamin D is strongly related to the integrity of the gut barrier, which represents the core of the pathophysiology of celiac disease onset, in addition to being correlated with the histological findings of disease severity. The relationship between vitamin D and cystic fibrosis is supported by the involvement of this micronutrient in preserving lung function by clearing airway inflammation and preventing pathogen airway colonization. Moreover, this micronutrient might exert anticatabolic effects in CF patients. Inflammatory bowel disease patients also experience major benefits if they have a sufficient level of circulating vitamin D, proving its involvement in both induction and remission in these patients. The findings regarding the relationship between vitamin D, food allergies, diarrhea and constipation remain controversial, but vitamin D levels should be monitored in these patients in order to avoid hypo- and hypervitaminosis. Further studies are required to fill the remaining gaps in term of the complex impact of vitamin D on gastrointestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Reka Borka Balas
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Anca Meda Văsieșiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Tudor Fleșeriu
- Department of Infectious Disease, County Clinical Hospital Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Doja Street No 89, 540394 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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Seijo M, Bonanno MN, Bryk G, Zeni Coronel ME, Pita Martin de Portela ML, Zeni SN. Does Vitamin D Insufficiency Influence Prebiotic Effect on Calcium Absorption and Bone Retention? Calcif Tissue Int 2022; 111:300-312. [PMID: 35505249 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-022-00984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Higher calcium (Ca) absorption would partially compensate for Ca intake below requirements for bone health. Previously, we found that GOS/FOS prebiotic mixture (PM) increases Ca absorption in the colon and retention in bone. Ca absorption and retention are regulated by vitamin D (VD). Hence, it is relevant to explore whether VD insufficiency influences the effect of the PM in the colon. The effect of the PM on Ca, phosphate (IP), and magnesium (Mg) absorption and retention under conditions of VD sufficiency and insufficiency (VDInsuff) was compared using a preclinical model of VDInsuff and low bone mass. Ovariectomized rats were fed isocaloric semisynthetic diets according to AIN-93 M. The diets varied in Ca (0.5% or 0.3%), VD [100 IU% (+ D) or 0 IU% (- D)], and PM (2.5% or 0%) content. The following eight groups were studied: + D0.5; + D0.3; + DPM0.5; + DPM0.3; - D0.5; - D0.3; - DPM0.5; and - DPM0.3. Irrespective of Ca content, VDInsuff did not affect the prebiotic effect of the PM on caecum pH, lactobacillus colony growth, or Mg absorption but significantly decreased its effect on colonic crypt length and cell/crypt and Ca and IP absorption. The PM failed to counterbalance the pro-inflammatory effect of VDInsuff. Moreover, bone retention i.e., bone mineral content and density, bone volume, and bone quality parameters were significantly lower (p < 0.05) and bone turnover significantly was higher (p < 0.05). Although the PM is a useful tool to improve mineral absorption and bone retention, it would seem important to monitor VD nutritional status to ensure the full prebiotic effect in the large intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Seijo
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina N Bonanno
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Embryology and Histology, School of Dentistry, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Bryk
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory Division, Assuta Ashdod Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University, Ashdod, Israel
| | - Magali E Zeni Coronel
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Veterinary Sciences (FVet), UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Susana N Zeni
- Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry (FFyB), Clinical Hospital "José de San Martín", Institute of Immunology, Genetics and Metabolism (INIGEM), National Council for Scientific and Technological Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires University (UBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- , Cordoba Ave 2351, 8th floor, Zip Code 1120, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Vitamin–Microbiota Crosstalk in Intestinal Inflammation and Carcinogenesis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163383. [PMID: 36014889 PMCID: PMC9414212 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) are common diseases of the digestive system. Vitamin deficiencies and gut microbiota dysbiosis have a close relationship with the risk, development, and progression of IBD and CAC. There is a strong link between vitamins and the gut microbiome. Vitamins are extremely crucial for maintaining a healthy gut microbiota, promoting growth and development, metabolism, and innate immunity. Gut microbiota can not only influence the transport process of vitamins, but also produce vitamins to compensate for insufficient food intake. Emerging evidence suggests that oral vitamin supplementation can reduce inflammation levels and improve disease prognosis. In addition, improving the diet structure and consuming foods rich in vitamins not only help to improve the vitamin deficiency, but also help to reduce the risk of IBD. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and the application of vitamin-producing probiotics can better assist in the treatment of intestinal diseases. In this review, we discuss the interaction and therapeutic roles of vitamins and gut microbiota in IBD and CAC. We also summarize the methods of treating IBD and CAC by modulating vitamins. This may highlight strategies to target gut-microbiota-dependent alterations in vitamin metabolism in the context of IBD and CAC therapy.
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Alaraj M, Alenazi FS, Hassan D, Hossain A. Vitamin D as a drug: new therapeutic approaches. PHARMACIA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.69.e85057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is one of the essential vitamins and has recently been demonstrated to be much more important for the appropriate functioning of the human body and well-being than initially believed. Although vitamin D is mainly known for its link with bone fractures and bone diseases, recent studies revealed that vitamin D and its analogues have revealed many pharmacological actions covering the regulation of cell growth, inhibition of inflammation, and improvement of neuromuscular function and immune function. Moreover, vitamin D and its analogues are reported to have role in different types of cancers, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus and infections caused by different bacterial and viral pathogens including SARS-CoV-2. The goal of this study is to evaluate the scientific literature on therapeutic uses of vitamin D and its analogues against different diseases and health condition. Special attention has been given to COVID-19 infection, cancer, skin diseases, and diabetes. The molecular mechanisms involved are also explored.
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Jamshidi S, Masoumi SJ, Abiri B, Vafa M. The effects of synbiotic and/or vitamin D supplementation on gut-muscle axis in overweight and obese women: a study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Trials 2022; 23:631. [PMID: 35927757 PMCID: PMC9351060 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia refers to an age-related loss of skeletal muscle content, strength, and function, leading to a decrease in mobility. Obesity may exacerbate age-related complications such as sarcopenia through inflammatory pathways. In addition, intestinal dysbiosis has been proposed as an emerging contributor to sarcopenia due to the stimulation of the immune system and elevated barrier permeability of the intestine. Targeting microbiome with synbiotic and vitamin D supplementation may modulate the microbiome followed by the enhancement of sarcopenia indices. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of synbiotic supplementation with or without vitamin D on the intestinal microbiome and its relationship with strength, muscle function, and body composition in middle-aged overweight and obese women. METHODS This multi-factorial, double-blind, randomized controlled trial will be conducted on 88 participants in eight weeks. The participants will be allocated into four groups receiving vitamin D placebo (weekly) and synbiotic placebo (daily), vitamin D and synbiotic placebo, vitamin D placebo and symbiotic, and vitamin D and synbiotic. Intestinal microbiome assessment will be done by DNA isolation and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, anthropometric indices, body composition, muscle strength, and physical performance will be evaluated by standard methods. All measurements will be made at the beginning and end of the study. DISCUSSION The previous studies showed that probiotics were involved in reducing inflammation, insulin sensitivity, modulation of atrophy markers such as atherogen-1, and decreasing reactive oxygen indices. In addition, vitamin D was found to improve the intestinal microbiome and facilitate muscle anabolism. The present protocol is novel as it aims to investigate the impact of the co-supplementation of synbiotic and vitamin D on the gut microbiome and sarcopenia indices. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20090822002365N25, date of registration: March 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Jamshidi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemat expressway, P.O.BOX: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalil Masoumi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Vafa
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Hemat expressway, P.O.BOX: 1449614535, Tehran, Iran.
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Gong J, He L, Zou Q, Zhao Y, Zhang B, Xia R, Chen B, Cao M, Gong W, Lin L, Lin X, Wang G, Guo M, He J, Xiao C, Chen J. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with the gut microbiota and metabolites in postmenopausal women in China. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:137. [PMID: 35820909 PMCID: PMC9275287 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-01858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency is associated with an altered microbiota in older men. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels remains unknown in postmenopausal women. In this study, fecal microbiota profiles for 88 postmenopausal women in the high 25(OH)D (HVD) group (n = 44) and the low 25(OH)D (LVD) group (n = 44) were determined. An integrated 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS)-based metabolomics approach was applied to explore the association of serum 25(OH)D levels with the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic phenotype. Adjustments were made using several statistical models for potential confounding variables identified from the literature. Results The results demonstrated that the community diversity estimated by the Observe, Chao1 and ACE indexes was significantly lower in the LVD group than in the HVD group. Additionally, two kinds of characteristic differences in the microflora were analyzed in the HVD group, and ten kinds of characteristic differences in the microflora were analyzed in the LVD group. We observed that some bacteria belonging to the genera Bifidobacterium, Bacillus, F0332 and Gemella, were enriched in the LVD group, as were other genera, including Lachnoclostridium, UC5_1_2E3, Ruminococcus_gnavus_group and un_f_Lachnospiraceae. Christensenellaceae, Eggerthellaceae and Cloacibacillus were enriched in the HVD group. The L-pyroglutamic acid, inosine, and L-homocysteic acid levels were higher in the HVD group and were negatively correlated with the 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid and cholic acid metabolic levels. Conclusions These observations provide a better understanding of the relationships between serum 25(OH)D levels and the fecal microbiota and metabolites in postmenopausal women. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12934-022-01858-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Gong
- Xiamen Institute of Union Respiratory Health, Xiamen, China
| | - Lina He
- Key Laboratory for Research on Active Ingredients in Natural Medicine of Jiangxi Province, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Qinyuan Zou
- Key Laboratory for Research on Active Ingredients in Natural Medicine of Jiangxi Province, Yichun University, Yichun, China
| | - Yangyang Zhao
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bangzhou Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongmu Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baolong Chen
- Xiamen Treatgut Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Man Cao
- Xiamen Treatgut Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Wenxiu Gong
- Xiamen Treatgut Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Xiamen Treatgut Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Xiujuan Lin
- Xiamen Treatgut Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xiamen, China
| | - Guowei Wang
- Institute of Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muyun Guo
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Anyang District Hospital, Anyang, China
| | - Jianquan He
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Chuanxing Xiao
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China. .,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China. .,School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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Lu Y, Guan T, Xu S, Chen YE, Shen Q, Zhu S, Liu Y, Liang J, Hou S. Asperuloside inhibited epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colitis associated cancer via activation of vitamin D receptor. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 101:154070. [PMID: 35523114 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asperuloside is a natural compound extracted from various herbs with several bioactivities. Its effects on anti-inflammation and anti-tumor indicated that asperuloside might prevent colorectal cancer developing from inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). But there were few reports about the efficacy and mechanism of asperuloside on improving colorectal cancer. It has been reported that vitamin D receptor (VDR) could regulate the expression of SMAD3. In previous study, asperuloside could significantly improve the expression of VDR and reduced Smad3 mRNA in IEC-6 cell. PURPOSE The present study was aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of asperuloside on inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in colitis associated cancer. STUDY DESIGN First, in LPS-injured IEC-6 cell, asperuloside inhibited phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) level, improved VDR expression and reduced Smad3 mRNA. Second, we wonder the relationship between VDR signaling and nucleus factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling during asperuloside on reducing Smad3 mRNA. And then, the effect of asperuloside on inhibiting EMT development through VDR/Smad3 was investigated. Finally, we testified the effect of asperuloside on protecting against colitis associated cancer (CAC) by inhibiting EMT development through VDR/Smad3. METHODS Pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium (PDTC) was used for established NF-κB-inhibited IEC-6 cell. This cell was applied for investigating the relationship between NF-κB and VDR of asperuloside on inhibiting Smad3. VDR-inhibited cell was established by small interfering RNA (siRNA) of VDR and was employed to investigate the role of VDR for asperuloside on decreasing Smad3. Transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) was used for inducing EMT/fibrosis in IEC-6 cell. TGFβ1-stimulated cell was used for testifying the effect of asperuloside on inhibiting EMT development. AOM/DSS-induced CAC was established to investigate the effect of asperuloside on suppressing cancer development. RESULTS Asperuloside inhibited the level of p-p65 which was up-regulated by LPS. Asperuloside could up-regulate VDR signaling and reduce Smad3 mRNA in NF-κB-knockdown IEC-6 cells. Asperuloside failed to reduce Smad3 mRNA due to VDR knockdown, which implied that asperuloside might down-regulate Smad3 mRNA dependently on activation of VDR signaling and independently on inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Asperuloside exhibited significant prevention of EMT development in TGFβ1-induced IEC-6 cell (EMT cell) and mice CAC. Asperuloside reduced the transform of epithelial phenotype into motile mesenchymal phenotype in EMT cell along with decreasing levels of EMT markers by inhibiting Smad3 mRNA via activation of VDR. In mice with CAC, expression of VDR in colon was improved by asperuloside. Symptoms of colitis, tumor number and tumor size were significantly inhibited by asperuloside. Suppressed EMT development was determined by reduced α-SMA expression and decreased mRNAs of several EMT markers. CONCLUSION Asperuloside might prevent CAC through inhibiting EMT development via regulation of VDR/Smad3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuoxi Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Er Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaozhen Hou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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Li Y, He Y, Xiang J, Feng L, Wang Y, Chen R. The Functional Mechanism of MicroRNA in Oral Lichen Planus. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4261-4274. [PMID: 35923905 PMCID: PMC9342247 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s369304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed from the genomes of mammals and other complex organisms, and many of them are alternately spliced and processed into smaller products. Types of ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), circular RNAs, and long ncRNAs. miRNAs are about 21 nucleotides long and form a broad class of post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that affect numerous developmental and physiological processes in eukaryotes. They usually act as negative regulators of mRNA expression through complementary binding sequences in the 3’-UTR of the target mRNA, leading to translation inhibition and target degradation. In recent years, the importance of ncRNA in oral lichen planus (OLP), particularly miRNA, has attracted extensive attention. However, the biological functions of miRNAs and their mechanisms in OLP are still unclear. In this review, we discuss the role and function of miRNAs in OLP, and we also describe their potential functional roles as biomarkers for the diagnosis of OLP. MiRNAs are promising new therapeutic targets, but more work is needed to understand their biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Li
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaodong He
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junwei Xiang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linfei Feng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanyin Wang
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yuanyin Wang; Ran Chen, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Ran Chen
- College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, People’s Republic of China
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Wang J, Wang X, Ma X, Xu B, Chen L, Chen C, Liu W, Liu Y, Xiang Z. Therapeutic effect of Patrinia villosa on TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis via metabolism, vitamin D receptor and NF-κB signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 288:114989. [PMID: 35032589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.114989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon. Patrinia villosa Juss. (P.V) is an important traditional Chinese medicine widely used for more than 2000 years from ShenNongBenCaoJing, a famous ancient Chinese medicinal literary. P.V is often used in the treatment of UC, but the pathogenesis is not clear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to analysis the metabolic pathways and relevant mechanisms of P.V on UC rats induced by TNBS. MATERIALS AND METHODS The rat model of UC was established by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)/ethanol method. Three doses of P.V (21 g/kg, 43 g/kg, 64 g/kg) were administrated for 14 days. Disease activity index (DAI) scoring system and H&E staining were used to evaluate the efficacy. A method for simultaneous detection of 96 endogenous metabolic components was established by UPLC-MS. The method was used to detect the metabolites in serum and liver of rats with UC induced by TNBS. PLS-DA and Metaboanalyst were used to analyze the main metabolic pathways involved in the treatment of UC. The contents of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 in the colonic homogenate of rats were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression levels of VDR, NF-κB, p-NF-κB, NLRP3 and caspase-1 in colon tissues of rats were detected by the method of Western blot. RESULTS DAI scoring system and H&E staining indicated that P.V have the obvious therapeutic effect on UC induced by TNBS as a dosage-dependent manner. 36 potential biomarkers in serum and 26 potential biomarkers in liver were found in positive and negative ion mode of UPLC-MS, which significantly affected Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism, Glycerophospholipid metabolism, Purine metabolism, Histidine metabolism, Alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism in serum, and significantly affected Purine metabolism, Lycine, serine and threonine metabolism, Glutathione metabolism, Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism in the liver. The contents of pro-inflammatory cytokines and receptors related to NF-κB signaling axis of model group were significantly higher than those of the control group, compared with the model group, their contents of the P.V group were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the expression of NF-κB, p-NF-κB, NLRP3 and caspase-1 in colon tissues of the rats in P.V group were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). The expression of VDR in model group were significantly reduced compared to that in the control group, compared with the model group, the expression of VDR in P.V group were significantly increased (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION P.V has an obvious therapeutic effect on UC induced by TNBS by regulating the energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, purine metabolism, bile acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. P.V exerts anti-inflammatory effect by impacting bile acid levels, activating VDR, and inhibiting the overactivation of NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xiande Ma
- Teaching and Experiment Center, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.79 Chongshan East Road, Shenyang, 110847, PR China
| | - Baoli Xu
- Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, No.6 Jiefang Street, Zhongshan District, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Changlan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Yangcheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Liaoning University, No.66 Chongshan Middle Road, Shenyang, 110036, PR China.
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Vitamin D Receptor Influences Intestinal Barriers in Health and Disease. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071129. [PMID: 35406694 PMCID: PMC8997406 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) executes most of the biological functions of vitamin D. Beyond this, VDR is a transcriptional factor regulating the expression levels of many target genes, such as genes for tight junction proteins claudin-2, -5, -12, and -15. In this review, we discuss the progress of research on VDR that influences intestinal barriers in health and disease. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar using key words vitamin D, VDR, tight junctions, cancer, inflammation, and infection. We summarize the literature and progress reports on VDR regulation of tight junction distribution, cellular functions, and mechanisms (directly or indirectly). We review the impacts of VDR on barriers in various diseases, e.g., colon cancer, infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic inflammatory lung diseases. We also discuss the limits of current studies and future directions. Deeper understanding of the mechanisms by which the VDR signaling regulates intestinal barrier functions allow us to develop efficient and effective therapeutic strategies based on levels of tight junction proteins and vitamin D/VDR statuses for human diseases.
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Pagnini C, Di Paolo MC, Graziani MG, Delle Fave G. Probiotics and Vitamin D/Vitamin D Receptor Pathway Interaction: Potential Therapeutic Implications in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:747856. [PMID: 34899302 PMCID: PMC8657408 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.747856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic conditions of unknown etiology and immunomediated pathogenesis. In the last years, the comprehension of the complex mechanisms involved in the intestinal mucosal homeostasis, and the analysis of the alterations potentially leading to inflammatory pathologic states, has consistently increased. Specifically, the extraordinary impulse in the field of research of the intestinal microbiome has opened the door to the investigation of possible novel approaches to the diagnosis, management and therapeutic applications in IBD. In line with that, administration of probiotic bacteria has been intensely evaluated, leading to much more exciting results in experimental models than in clinical practice. Considering the consistent heterogeneity of the available studies on probiotics, the increased knowledge of the properties of the single bacterial species would ideally lead to unravel potential mechanisms of action that may bring therapeutic applications in specific pathologic condition. Among the relevant molecular pathways for mucosal homeostasis maintenance, the vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) pathway has been intensely studied in the very last years. In fact, besides osteometabolic functions, the vitamin D exerts important homeostatic effects in the organism at multiple levels, such as immunomodulation, inflammation control, and microbiota regulation, which are likely to play a relevant role in intestinal mucosa protection. In the present review, recent findings about probiotic applications in IBD and mechanisms of action linking vitamin D/VDR pathway to IBD are reported. Available evidence for probiotic effect on vitamin D/VDR are reviewed and potential future application in IBD patients are discussed. At present, many aspects of IBD pathogenesis are still obscure, and current therapeutic options for IBD treatment are at best suboptimal. The increasing comprehension of the different pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis will lead to novel findings ideally leading to potential clinical applications. Microbiota manipulation and vitamin/VDR pathway appear a promising field for future research and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Pagnini
- Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva, AO S. Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Di Paolo
- Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva, AO S. Giovanni Addolorata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Gianfranco Delle Fave
- Gastroenterologia, Università "Sapienza", Rome, Italy.,Onlus "S. Andrea", Rome, Italy
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Li N, Wang Y, Wang X, Sun N, Gong YH. Pathway network of pyroptosis and its potential inhibitors in acute kidney injury. Pharmacol Res 2021; 175:106033. [PMID: 34915124 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a worldwide problem, and there is no effective drug to eliminate AKI. The death of renal cells is an important pathological basis of intrinsic AKI. At present, targeted therapy for TEC death is a research hotspot in AKI therapy. There are many ways of cell death involved in the occurrence and development of AKI, such as apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis. This article mainly focuses on the role of pyroptosis in AKI. The assembly and activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is a key event in the occurrence of pyroptosis, which is affected by many factors, such as the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, mitochondrial instability and excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome can trigger its downstream inflammatory cytokines, which will lead to pyroptosis and eventually induce AKI. In this paper, we reviewed the possible mechanism of pyroptosis in AKI and the potential effective inhibitors of various key targets in this process. It may provide potential therapeutic targets for novel intrinsic AKI therapies based on pyroptosis, so as to develop better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yuru Wang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Na Sun
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Yan-Hua Gong
- Institute of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Disaster Medicine Technology, Tianjin 300072, China; Wenzhou Safety (Emergency) Institute, Tianjin University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
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Wang Z, Chen WD, Wang YD. Nuclear receptors: a bridge linking the gut microbiome and the host. Mol Med 2021; 27:144. [PMID: 34740314 PMCID: PMC8570027 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-021-00407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gut microbiome is the totality of microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi within the gastrointestinal tract. The gut microbiome plays key roles in various physiological and pathological processes through regulating varieties of metabolic factors such as short-chain fatty acids, bile acids and amino acids. Nuclear receptors, as metabolic mediators, act as a series of intermediates between the microbiome and the host and help the microbiome regulate diverse processes in the host. Recently, nuclear receptors such as farnesoid X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, aryl hydrocarbon receptor and vitamin D receptor have been identified as key regulators of the microbiome-host crosstalk. These nuclear receptors regulate metabolic processes, immune activity, autophagy, non-alcoholic and alcoholic fatty liver disease, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, obesity, and type-2 diabetes. Conclusion In this review, we have summarized the functions of the nuclear receptors in the gut microbiome-host axis in different physiological and pathological conditions, indicating that the nuclear receptors may be the good targets for treatment of different diseases through the crosstalk with the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Dong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation and Drug Discovery, School of Basic Medical Science, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. .,School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Receptors-Mediated Gene Regulation, The People' Hospital of Hebi, Henan University, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yan-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Matthews SW, Heitkemper MM, Kamp K. Early Evidence Indicates Vitamin D Improves Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Nursing Implications and Future Research Opportunities. Gastroenterol Nurs 2021; 44:426-436. [PMID: 34690298 DOI: 10.1097/sga.0000000000000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) affects approximately 11.2% of the population. Yet, full understanding of its etiology and optimal treatment remains elusive. Understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of IBS has been limited. However, research is beginning to identify the cause as multifactorial (e.g., low-grade local mucosal inflammation, systemic immune activation, altered intestinal permeability, intestinal hypersensitivity, altered central nervous system processing, changes in intestinal microbiota). Understanding of the role of vitamin D in intestinal inflammation, immunity, and gastrointestinal conditions is increasing but is not yet fully understood. Growing evidence has linked vitamin D deficiency with a variety of gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, colorectal cancer, and IBS. Several studies have demonstrated that individuals with IBS are more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than healthy controls. Recent vitamin D supplementation studies have shown improvement in quality of life and reduction in IBS symptoms (including abdominal pain, distention, flatulence, constipation, and visceral sensitivity) but the mechanism remains unclear. Nurses are well positioned to educate patients about the importance of sufficient vitamin D for overall health in individuals with IBS as well as participate in well-designed therapeutic studies to explore whether enhanced vitamin D status will ultimately help treat IBS more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah W Matthews
- Sarah W. Matthews, DNP, MN, BSN, APRN, FNP-BC, is Assistant Professor, Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle; and Nurse Practitioner, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Bellevue
- Margaret M. Heitkemper, PhD, MN, BSN, RN, FAAN, is Professor and Chairperson, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle
- Kendra Kamp, PhD, BSN, RN, is Assistant Professor, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle
| | - Margaret M Heitkemper
- Sarah W. Matthews, DNP, MN, BSN, APRN, FNP-BC, is Assistant Professor, Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle; and Nurse Practitioner, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Bellevue
- Margaret M. Heitkemper, PhD, MN, BSN, RN, FAAN, is Professor and Chairperson, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle
- Kendra Kamp, PhD, BSN, RN, is Assistant Professor, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle
| | - Kendra Kamp
- Sarah W. Matthews, DNP, MN, BSN, APRN, FNP-BC, is Assistant Professor, Department of Child, Family, and Population Health Nursing, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle; and Nurse Practitioner, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Bellevue
- Margaret M. Heitkemper, PhD, MN, BSN, RN, FAAN, is Professor and Chairperson, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle
- Kendra Kamp, PhD, BSN, RN, is Assistant Professor, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, University of Washington, School of Nursing, Seattle
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Pham VT, Dold S, Rehman A, Bird JK, Steinert RE. Vitamins, the gut microbiome and gastrointestinal health in humans. Nutr Res 2021; 95:35-53. [PMID: 34798467 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiome plays important roles in the maintenance of host health and the pathogenesis of many diseases. Diet is a key modulator of the gut microbiome. There is increasing evidence that nutrients other than fermentable fiber affect the gut microbial composition. In this review, we discuss the effects of vitamins on the gut microbiome, and related gastrointestinal health, based on in vitro, animal and human studies. Some vitamins, when provided in large doses or when delivered to the large intestine, have been shown to beneficially modulate the gut microbiome by increasing the abundance of presumed commensals (vitamins A, B2, D, E, and beta-carotene), increasing or maintaining microbial diversity (vitamins A, B2, B3, C, K) and richness (vitamin D), increasing short chain fatty acid production (vitamin C), or increasing the abundance of short chain fatty acid producers (vitamins B2, E). Others, such as vitamins A and D, modulate the gut immune response or barrier function, thus, indirectly influencing gastrointestinal health or the microbiome. Future research is needed to explore these potential effects and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and host health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van T Pham
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.
| | - Susanne Dold
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Robert E Steinert
- DSM Nutritional Products, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, Division of Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Castagliuolo I, Scarpa M, Brun P, Bernabe G, Sagheddu V, Elli M, Fiore W, De Vitis V, Guglielmetti S. Co-administration of vitamin D3 and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG increase 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum levels in mice. ANN MICROBIOL 2021; 71:42. [PMID: 34690623 PMCID: PMC8522538 DOI: 10.1186/s13213-021-01655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Subclinical vitamin D (vitD) deficiency enhances the predisposition to a myriad of acute and chronic pathologies in many people worldwide. Due to the scarcity of vitD-rich foods, the consumption of supplements or fortified foods can be required to maintain healthy serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and the major circulating form of vitD that is commonly measured in serum to determine the vitD status. Since the vitD absorption seems to resemble that of lipids, improved emulsification in the gut could favor vitD permeation through the enterocyte membrane. Contextually, we hypothesized that a microorganism with cholecalciferol (vitD3)-solubilization properties may potentially result in enhanced serum vitD levels. Methods and results Six probiotic strains were screened for their ability to create a stable suspension of vitD3 in water: Lacticaseibacillus paracasei DG, L. paracasei LPC-S01, L. paracasei Shirota, L. rhamnosus GG, Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938, and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA5. The DG strain displayed the strongest vitD3 solubilization ability and, consequently, were used in an in vivo trial where a commercial preparation of vitD3 in refined olive oil was administered by gavage to CD-1 mice with or without the concurrent administration of L. paracasei DG. ELISA measurements showed that the DG strain significantly increased the serum levels of 25(OH) D when administered once a day for 1 week in association with the vitD3 supplement. Conclusion This preliminary pre-clinical study suggests that the combined administration of L. paracasei DG with an oil-based cholecalciferol supplement could contribute to the maintenance of the adequate 25(OH) D serum levels in people at risk of vitD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Melania Scarpa
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Bernabe
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Valeria Sagheddu
- AAT-Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l., Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marina Elli
- AAT-Advanced Analytical Technologies S.r.l., Fiorenzuola d'Arda, Piacenza, Italy
| | | | | | - Simone Guglielmetti
- Division of Food Microbiology and Bioprocesses, Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Chatterjee I, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Lu R, Xia Y, Sun J. Overexpression of Vitamin D Receptor in Intestinal Epithelia Protects Against Colitis via Upregulating Tight Junction Protein Claudin 15. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1720-1736. [PMID: 33690841 PMCID: PMC8495491 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dysfunction of the vitamin D receptor [VDR] contributes to the aetiology of IBD by regulating autophagy, immune response, and mucosal permeability. VDR directly controls the paracellular tight junction protein Claudin-2. Claudin-2 and Claudin-15 are unique in maintaining paracellular permeability. Interestingly, claudin-15 mRNA was downregulated in patients with ulcerative colitis. However, the exact mechanism of Claudin-15 regulation in colitis is still unknown. Here, we investigated the protective role of VDR against intestinal inflammation via upregulating Claudin-15. METHODS We analysed the correlation of Claudin-15 with the reduction of VDR in human colitis. We generated intestinal epithelial overexpression of VDR [O-VDR] mice to study the gain of function of VDR in colitis. Intestinal epithelial VDR knockout [VDR∆IEC] mice were used for the loss of function study. Colonoids and SKCO15 cells were used as in vitro models. RESULTS Reduced Claudin-15 was significantly correlated with decreased VDR along the colonic epithelium of human IBD. O-VDR mice showed decreased susceptibility to chemically and bacterially induced colitis and marked increased Claudin-15 expression [both mRNA and protein] in the colon. Correspondingly, colonic Claudin-15 was reduced in VDR∆IEC mice, which were susceptible to colitis. Overexpression of intestinal epithelial VDR and vitamin D treatment resulted in a significantly increased Claudin-15. ChIP assays identified the direct binding of VDR to the claudin-15 promoter, suggesting that claudin-15 is a target gene of VDR. CONCLUSION We demonstrated the mechanism of VDR upregulation of Claudin-15 to protect against colitis. This might enlighten the mechanism of barrier dysfunction in IBD and potential therapeutic strategies to inhibit inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Chatterjee
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yongguo Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rong Lu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yinglin Xia
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- UIC Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Rondanelli M, Miraglia N, Putignano P, Castagliuolo I, Brun P, Dall’Acqua S, Peroni G, Faliva MA, Naso M, Nichetti M, Infantino V, Perna S. Effects of 60-Day Saccharomyces boulardii and Superoxide Dismutase Supplementation on Body Composition, Hunger Sensation, Pro/Antioxidant Ratio, Inflammation and Hormonal Lipo-Metabolic Biomarkers in Obese Adults: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082512. [PMID: 34444671 PMCID: PMC8400582 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In animals it has been demonstrated that Saccharomyces boulardii and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) decrease low-grade inflammation and that S. boulardii can also decrease adiposity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 60-day S. boulardii and SOD supplementation on circulating markers of inflammation, body composition, hunger sensation, pro/antioxidant ratio, hormonal, lipid profile, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR, in obese adults (BMI 30-35 kg/m2). Twenty-five obese adults were randomly assigned to intervention (8/4 women/men, 57 ± 8 years) or Placebo (9/4 women/men, 50 ± 9 years). Intervention group showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) decrease of body weight, BMI, fat mass, insulin, HOMA Index and uric acid. Patients in intervention and control groups showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) of GLP-1. Intervention group showed an increase (p < 0.05) of Vitamin D as well. In conclusion, the 60-day S. boulardii-SOD supplementation in obese subjects determined a significant weight loss with consequent decrease on fat mass, with preservation of fat free mass. The decrease of HOMA index and uric acid, produced additional benefits in obesity management. The observed increase in vitamin D levels in treated group requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariangela Rondanelli
- Department of Public Health, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Niccolò Miraglia
- Clinical & Pre-Clinical Development, Gnosis SpA, 20121 Milan, Italy;
- Business Unit of the Lesaffre Group, Lesaffre, 59703 Marcq-en-Baroeul, France
| | | | - Ignazio Castagliuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Paola Brun
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (P.B.)
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Gabriella Peroni
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-381-739
| | - Milena Anna Faliva
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Maurizio Naso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Mara Nichetti
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (M.A.F.); (M.N.); (M.N.)
| | - Vittoria Infantino
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Simone Perna
- Department of Biology, Sakhir Campus, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Bahrain;
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Park DH, Kim JW, Park HJ, Hahm DH. Comparative Analysis of the Microbiome across the Gut-Skin Axis in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084228. [PMID: 33921772 PMCID: PMC8073639 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a refractory and relapsing skin disease with a complex and multifactorial etiology. Various congenital malformations and environmental factors are thought to be involved in the onset of the disease. The etiology of the disease has been investigated, with respect to clinical skin symptoms and systemic immune response factors. A gut microbiome–mediated connection between emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety, and dermatologic conditions such as acne, based on the comorbidities of these two seemingly unrelated disorders, has long been hypothesized. Many aspects of this gut–brain–skin integration theory have recently been revalidated to identify treatment options for AD with the recent advances in metagenomic analysis involving powerful sequencing techniques and bioinformatics that overcome the need for isolation and cultivation of individual microbial strains from the skin or gut. Comparative analysis of microbial clusters across the gut–skin axis can provide new information regarding AD research. Herein, we provide a historical perspective on the modern investigation and clinical implications of gut–skin connections in AD in terms of the integration between the two microbial clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Park
- College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (D.H.P.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Joo Wan Kim
- College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (D.H.P.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Hi-Joon Park
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Dae-Hyun Hahm
- College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea; (D.H.P.); (J.W.K.)
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- BioNanocomposite Research Center, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-0366
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Heidari Z, Tajbakhsh A, Gheibi-Hayat SM, Moattari A, Razban V, Berenjian A, Savardashtaki A, Negahdaripour M. Probiotics/ prebiotics in viral respiratory infections: implication for emerging pathogens. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2021; 15:112-136. [PMID: 33874878 DOI: 10.2174/1872208315666210419103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral respiratory infections could result in perturbation of the gut microbiota due to a probable cross-talk between lungs and gut microbiota. This can affect the pulmonary health and the gastrointestinal system. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to discuss the impact of probiotics/ prebiotics and supplements on the prevention and treatment of respiratory infections, especially emerging pathogens. METHODS The data were searched were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Google Patents, and The Lens-Patent using keywords of probiotics and viral respiratory infections in the title, abstract, and keywords. RESULT Probiotics consumption could decrease the susceptibility to viral respiratory infections, such as COVID-19 and simultaneously enhance vaccine efficiency in infectious disease prevention through the immune system enhancement. Probiotics improve the gut microbiota and the immune system via regulating the innate system response and production of anti-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, treatment with probiotics contributes to the intestinal homeostasis restitution under antibiotic pressure and decreasing the risk of secondary infections due to viral respiratory infections. Probiotics present varied performances in different conditions; thus, promoting their efficacy through combining with supplements (prebiotics, postbiotics, nutraceuticals, berberine, curcumin, lactoferrin, minerals, and vitamins) is important. Several supplements reported to enhance the probiotics' efficacy and their mechanisms as well as probiotics related patents are summarized in this review. Using nanotechnology and microencapsulation techniques can also improve probiotics efficiency. CONCLUSION Given the global challenge of COVID-19, probiotic/prebiotic and following nutritional guidelines should be regarded seriously. Additionally, their role as an adjuvant in vaccination for immune response augmentation needs attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Gheibi-Hayat
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd. Iran
| | - Afagh Moattari
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Vahid Razban
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Aydin Berenjian
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, The University of Waikato, Hamilton. New Zealand
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
| | - Manica Negahdaripour
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz. Iran
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Kurian SJ, Unnikrishnan MK, Miraj SS, Bagchi D, Banerjee M, Reddy BS, Rodrigues GS, Manu MK, Saravu K, Mukhopadhyay C, Rao M. Probiotics in Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19: Current Perspective and Future Prospects. Arch Med Res 2021; 52:582-594. [PMID: 33785208 PMCID: PMC7972717 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Saving lives and flattening the curve are the foremost priorities during the ongoing pandemic spread of SARS-CoV-2. Developing cutting-edge technology and collating available evidence would support frontline health teams. Nutritional adequacy improves general health and immunity to prevent and assuage infections. This review aims to outline the potential role of probiotics in fighting the COVID-19 by covering recent evidence on the association between microbiota, probiotics, and COVID-19, the role of probiotics as an immune-modulator and antiviral agent. The high basic reproduction number (R0) of SARS-CoV-2, absence of conclusive remedies, and the pleiotropic effect of probiotics in fighting influenza and other coronaviruses together favour probiotics supplements. However, further support from preclinical and clinical studies and reviews outlining the role of probiotics in COVID-19 are critical. Results are awaited from many ongoing clinical trials investigating the benefits of probiotics in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilia Jacob Kurian
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Sonal Sekhar Miraj
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, USA
| | - Mithu Banerjee
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences,Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - B Shrikar Reddy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Gabriel Sunil Rodrigues
- Department of Surgery, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohan K Manu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Saravu
- Manipal Center for Infectious Diseases, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India; Department of Infectious Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Microbiology and Center for Emerging and Tropical Diseases, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Criado-Mesas L, Abdelli N, Noce A, Farré M, Pérez JF, Solà-Oriol D, Martin-Venegas R, Forouzandeh A, González-Solé F, Folch JM. Transversal gene expression panel to evaluate intestinal health in broiler chickens in different challenging conditions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6315. [PMID: 33737699 PMCID: PMC7973573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85872-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a high interest on gut health in poultry with special focus on consequences of the intestinal diseases, such as coccidiosis and C. perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis (NE). We developed a custom gene expression panel, which could provide a snapshot of gene expression variation under challenging conditions. Ileum gene expression studies were performed through high throughput reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. A deep review on the bibliography was done and genes related to intestinal health were selected for barrier function, immune response, oxidation, digestive hormones, nutrient transport, and metabolism. The panel was firstly tested by using a nutritional/Clostridium perfringens model of intestinal barrier failure (induced using commercial reused litter and wheat-based diets without exogenous supplementation of enzymes) and the consistency of results was evaluated by another experiment under a coccidiosis challenge (orally gavaged with a commercial coccidiosis vaccine, 90× vaccine dose). Growth traits and intestinal morphological analysis were performed to check the gut barrier failure occurrence. Results of ileum gene expression showed a higher expression in genes involved in barrier function and nutrient transport in chickens raised in healthy conditions, while genes involved in immune response presented higher expression in C.perfringens-challenged birds. On the other hand, the Eimeria challenge also altered the expression of genes related to barrier function and metabolism, and increased the expression of genes related to immune response and oxidative stress. The panel developed in the current study gives us an overview of genes and pathways involved in broiler response to pathogen challenge. It also allows us to deep into the study of differences in gene expression pattern and magnitude of responses under either a coccidial vaccine or a NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Criado-Mesas
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain.
| | - N Abdelli
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Noce
- Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - M Farré
- Department of Mathematics, Area of Statistics and Operations Research, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J F Pérez
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - D Solà-Oriol
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - R Martin-Venegas
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), Universitat de Barcelona, 08291, Santa Coloma de Gramanet, Spain
| | - A Forouzandeh
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - F González-Solé
- Animal Nutrition and Welfare Service, Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - J M Folch
- Plant and Animal Genomics, Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Consortium, Bellaterra, Spain
- Animal and Food Science Department, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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44
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Sasson AN, Ingram RJM, Raman M, Ananthakrishnan AN. Nutrition in the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2021; 50:151-167. [PMID: 33518162 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing global prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases, research in this field is expanding to better understand the multifactorial etiologies of this complex disease. Nutrition and diet, as modifiable risk factors, have been shown to play an important role in disease activity and prognosis. This article reviews the role of nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease, including appropriate nutrition screening in this at-risk population, and associated micronutrient deficiencies. We provide recommendations on dosing supplementation. We briefly review diet as a risk factor for inflammatory bowel disease and the currently proposed published dietary intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa N Sasson
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada
| | - Richard J M Ingram
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, 6D27 TRW Building, 3280 Hospital Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Maitreyi Raman
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Calgary, 6D33 TRW Building, 3280 Hospital Drive Northwest, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 165 Cambridge Street, 9th Floor, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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45
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Wen Y, Jiang MZ. [Role of vitamin D in pediatric irritable bowel syndrome]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021; 23:310-314. [PMID: 33691928 PMCID: PMC7969189 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2012080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease in children and has the clinical manifestations of recurrent abdominal pain with the changes in defecation frequency or stool form. Many studies have shown that children with IBS have a significantly lower vitamin D level than the healthy population, and vitamin D supplementation can significantly improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life of the children, suggesting that vitamin D supplementation may play a role in the treatment of IBS. This article reviews the association between vitamin D and IBS in children and elaborates on the possible mechanism of action of vitamin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health/National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Mi-Zu Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health/National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310052, China
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46
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Effects of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM and Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 Supplementation on Nutritional and Metabolic Parameters in the Early Postoperative Period after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Obes Surg 2021; 31:2105-2114. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05222-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Abboud M, Rizk R, AlAnouti F, Papandreou D, Haidar S, Mahboub N. The Health Effects of Vitamin D and Probiotic Co-Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010111. [PMID: 33396898 PMCID: PMC7824176 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of synergic health effects of co-supplementation with vitamin D and probiotics is emerging. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA statement, scientific databases and the grey literature were searched, and a narrative review and risk of bias assessment were conducted. Seven randomized controlled trials were included, which had low risk of bias. Six studies were double-blind, and once single-blind, extended over 6–12 weeks, and included 50–105 participants. Conditions explored included schizophrenia, gestational diabetes, type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, osteopenia, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and infantile colic. Supplementation frequency was daily or bi-monthly, with mainly vitamin D3, and Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Streptococcus. Comparators were placebo, vitamin D, lower vitamin D dose, and probiotics and lower vitamin D dose. The co-supplementation yielded greater health benefits than its comparators did in all studies except in one assessing IBS. Beneficial effects included decreased disease severity, improved mental health, metabolic parameters, mainly insulin sensitivity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and antioxidative capacity, and lower use of healthcare. Co-supplementation of vitamin D and probiotics generated greater health benefits than its comparators did. More studies in other diseases and various populations are needed to confirm these findings and to elucidate the optimal form, composition, and frequency of this co-supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Abboud
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, UAE; (F.A.); (D.P.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rana Rizk
- Institut National de Santé Publique, d’Épidémiologie Clinique et de Toxicologie (INSPECT-Lb), Beirut, Lebanon;
| | - Fatme AlAnouti
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, UAE; (F.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Dimitrios Papandreou
- Department of Health, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Dubai 19282, UAE; (F.A.); (D.P.)
| | - Suzan Haidar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut 657314, Lebanon; (S.H.); (N.M.)
| | - Nadine Mahboub
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut 657314, Lebanon; (S.H.); (N.M.)
- Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6229 GT Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Meilina A, Anjani G, Djamiatun K. The effect of fortified Dadih (fermented buffalo milk) with vitamin D3 on caecum cholesterol concentration and high sensitivity c-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level in type 2 diabetes mellitus rat model. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may be developed by a cardiovascular complication. T2DM and its complications associated with a decrease in levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D below normal. The level of 25-OH-D can increase and it can be gained by probiotics supplementation. Dadih is a probiotic useful as antidiabetic, antiatherosclerotic, and it can reduce serum cholesterol. Vitamin D is beneficial for T2DM since it improves insulin production, acts as an anti-inflammatory and prevents dyslipidemia thereby preventing cardiovascular disease. This research aims to investigate the effects of giving dadih-fortified-vitamin-D3 toward caecum-cholesterol-concentration and hs-CRP-levels to T2DM-induced-rats. This study used a randomized pre-post test with control group design in 30 Wistar rats divided into 5 groups, namely T1, T2, and T3-treatment-groups. T3-group was given dadih-fortified-vitamin-D3, while T1 and T2-groups were given vitamin-D3 and dadih, respectively. The control groups were healthy-control (C1), and T2DM (C2). The intervention was given through oral sonde for 28days. The variables analyzed were caecal-cholesterol-concentrations using a spectrophotometer and hs-CRP using the ELISA method. The statistical tests were used for the caecum-cholesterol-concentration and hs-CRP levels. The mean of caecum-cholesterol-concentration in the T3-group (83.68 ±1.93mg.100g-1), was higher than T1 (77.99 ±1.70; p = 0.004) and C2-control (24.39 ±1.47; p = 0.0001). The mean of hs-CRP-level post-intervention in the T3-group (4.21 ±0.41 ng.mL-1), was lower than C2 (17.15 ±0.85;p = 0.0001), T1 (6.59 ±0.27; p = 0.0001) and T2 (5.43 ±0.39; p = 0.004). There is a very strong inverse correlation between the concentration of cholesterol and hs-CRP ( r = -0.979, p = 0.0001). The conclusion is dadih-fortified-vitamin-D3 –intervention is better than its single intervention as an anti-inflammation which might relate to the increased caecum-cholesterol-concentration.
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49
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Xie W, Xiao W, Tang K, Zhang L, Li Y. Yes-Associated Protein 1: Role and Treatment Prospects in Orthopedic Degenerative Diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:573455. [PMID: 33178690 PMCID: PMC7593614 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.573455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hippo/yes-associated protein 1 signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway. This signaling pathway is primarily involved in the regulation of stem cell self-renewal, organ size and tissue regeneration by regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. It plays an important role in embryonic development and tissue organ formation. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is a key transcription factor in the Hippo signaling pathway and is negatively regulated by this pathway. Changes in YAP1 expression levels affect the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors, but the specific mechanism associated with this phenomenon has not been thoroughly studied. Recently, several studies have described the role of YAP1 in osteoarthritis (OA). Indeed, YAP1 is involved in orthopedic degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis (OP) in addition to OA. In this review, we will summarize the significance of YAP1 in orthopedic degenerative diseases and discuss the potential of the targeted modulation of YAP1 for the treatment of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Tang
- Discipline Construction Office, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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50
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Zhang L, Liu S, Li M, Piao X. Effects of maternal 25-hydroxycholecalciferol during the last week of gestation and lactation on serum parameters, intestinal morphology and microbiota in suckling piglets. Arch Anim Nutr 2020; 74:445-461. [PMID: 33198510 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2020.1822710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to test the effects of maternal 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25OHD3) supplementation on serum parameters, intestinal morphology and microbiota in suckling piglets. The experiment started on day 107 of gestation and lasted until piglets were weaned on day 21 of lactation. Thirty-two sows were allocated randomly to two treatments (ND diet, basal diet with 2000 IU/kg of vitamin D3; 25-D diet, basal diet with 50 μg/kg 25OHD3). Results showed that maternal 25-D treatment increased (p < 0.05) serum 25OHD3 concentration in the umbilical cords, which led to higher (p < 0.05) serum 25OHD3 concentration of suckling piglets from 25-D sows. The GSH-Px activity in colostrum was higher (p < 0.05), as well as SOD and GSH-Px activities in milk, were higher (p < 0.05) in 25-D sows than ND sows. Compared with piglets suckling ND sows, piglets suckling 25-D sows had higher (p < 0.05) serum SOD activity on day 7, 14 and 21 of lactation. On day 21 of lactation, piglets form 25-D sows had greater (p < 0.05) serum levels of GH and IGF-I and lower (p < 0.05) serum DAO activity than those from ND sows. Piglets from 25-D sows had higher (p < 0.05) jejunal villus height than those from ND sows. Feeding 25OHD3 to sows tended to increase (p < 0.10) the species richness in the colonic digesta of suckling piglets, as reflected by the α-diversity index of Chao-1. In the caecal digesta, the α-diversity for bacterial community analysis of Simpson and Shannon was lower (p < 0.05) in 25-D piglets than ND piglets. The relative abundances of colonic Alloprevotella and caecal Lactobacillus were significantly higher, while the population of caecal [Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group was lower (p < 0.05) in 25-D piglets than ND piglets. In conclusion, maternal 25OHD3 supplementation partly improved antioxidant status in sows and suckling piglets and altered gut microbiota in the hindgut of piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing, China
| | - Sujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing, China
| | - Miao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing, China
| | - Xiangshu Piao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University , Beijing, China
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