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Dong S, Yang F, Zhang Y, Teng Y, Tang W, Liu J, Fan H. Effect of X-ray irradiation on renal excretion of bestatin through down-regulating organic anion transporters via the vitamin D receptor in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 399:111123. [PMID: 38964638 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic changes induced by radiation following radiotherapy ("RT-PK" phenomenon) are of great significance to the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapeutic agents in clinical settings. The aims of this study were to clarify the organic anion transporters (Oats) involved in the "RT-PK" phenomenon of bestatin in rats following X-ray irradiation and to elucidate its potential mechanism via vitamin D signalling. Pharmacokinetic studies, uptake assays using rat kidney slices and primary proximal tubule cells, and molecular biological studies were performed. Significantly increased plasma concentrations and systemic exposure to bestatin were observed at 24 and 48 h following abdominal X-ray irradiation, regardless of oral or intravenous administration of the drugs in rats. Reduced renal clearance and cumulative urinary excretion of bestatin were observed at 24 and 48 h post-irradiation in rats following intravenous administration. The uptake of the probe substrates p-aminohippuric acid and oestrone 3-sulfate sodium in vitro and the expression of Oat1 and Oat3 in vivo were reduced in the corresponding models following irradiation. Moreover, the upregulation of the vitamin D receptor (Vdr) in mRNA and protein levels negatively correlated with the expressions and functions of Oat1 and Oat3 following irradiation. Additionally, elevated plasma urea nitrogen levels and histopathological changes were observed in rats after exposure to irradiation. The "RT-PK" phenomenon of bestatin occurs in rats after exposure to irradiation, possibly resulting in the regulation of the expressions and activities of renal Oats via activation of the Vdr signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Dong
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Fanlong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yunhua Teng
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Weisheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Huirong Fan
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 238, Baidi Road, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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Zheng X, Huang Y, Yang M, Jin L, Zhang X, Zhang R, Wu Y, Yan C, Gao Y, Zeng M, Li F, Zhou X, Zhang N, Liu J, Zha B. Vitamin D is involved in the effects of the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys in mice with DKD. Nutr Diabetes 2024; 14:42. [PMID: 38858392 PMCID: PMC11164932 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-024-00297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D was shown to directly exert a protective effect on diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in our previous study. However, whether it has an effect on perirenal adipose tissue (PRAT) or the intestinal flora and its metabolites (trimethylamine N-oxide, TMAO) is unclear. METHODS DKD mice were received different concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2D3 for 2 weeks. Serum TNF-α levels and TMAO levels were detected. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to analyze gut microbiota. qPCR was used to detect the expression of TLR4, NF-Κb, PGC1α, and UCP-1 in kidney and adipose tissue. Histological changes in kidney and perirenal adipose tissue were observed using HE, PAS, Masson and oil red staining. Immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of VDR, PGC1α, podocin, and UCP-1 in kidney and adipose tissue. Electron microscopy was used to observe the pathological changes in the kidney. VDR knockout mice were constructed to observe the changes in the gut and adipose tissue, and immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of UCP-1 and collagen IV in the kidney. RESULTS 1,25-(OH)2D3 could improve the dysbiosis of the intestinal flora of mice with DKD, increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria, decrease the abundance of harmful bacteria, reduce the pathological changes in the kidney, reduce fat infiltration, and downregulate the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB in kidneys. The serum TMAO concentration in mice with DKD was significantly higher than that of the control group, and was significantly positively correlated with the urine ACR. In addition, vitamin D stimulated the expression of the surface markers PGC1α, UCP-1 and VDR in the PRAT in DKD mice, and TMAO downregulated the expression of PRAT and renal VDR. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 in DKD mice may affect the intestinal flora and its related metabolite TMAO on perirenal fat and kidneys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Mengxue Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Lulu Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuemeng Zhang
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Pujiang Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, 2011112, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yueyue Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Cuili Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Pujiang Community Health Service Center, Minhang District, Shanghai, 2011112, China
| | - Miao Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Neng Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Bingbing Zha
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Community Health Research Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Loeffler DA. Enhancing of cerebral Abeta clearance by modulation of ABC transporter expression: a review of experimental approaches. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1368200. [PMID: 38872626 PMCID: PMC11170721 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1368200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Clearance of amyloid-beta (Aβ) from the brain is impaired in both early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD). Mechanisms for clearing cerebral Aβ include proteolytic degradation, antibody-mediated clearance, blood brain barrier and blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier efflux, glymphatic drainage, and perivascular drainage. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are membrane efflux pumps driven by ATP hydrolysis. Their functions include maintenance of brain homeostasis by removing toxic peptides and compounds, and transport of bioactive molecules including cholesterol. Some ABC transporters contribute to lowering of cerebral Aβ. Mechanisms suggested for ABC transporter-mediated lowering of brain Aβ, in addition to exporting of Aβ across the blood brain and blood cerebrospinal fluid barriers, include apolipoprotein E lipidation, microglial activation, decreased amyloidogenic processing of amyloid precursor protein, and restricting the entrance of Aβ into the brain. The ABC transporter superfamily in humans includes 49 proteins, eight of which have been suggested to reduce cerebral Aβ levels. This review discusses experimental approaches for increasing the expression of these ABC transporters, clinical applications of these approaches, changes in the expression and/or activity of these transporters in AD and transgenic mouse models of AD, and findings in the few clinical trials which have examined the effects of these approaches in patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment. The possibility that therapeutic upregulation of ABC transporters which promote clearance of cerebral Aβ may slow the clinical progression of AD merits further consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Loeffler
- Department of Neurology, Beaumont Research Institute, Corewell Health, Royal Oak, MI, United States
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Chen H, Zhang H, Li AM, Liu YT, Liu Y, Zhang W, Yang C, Song N, Zhan M, Yang S. VDR regulates mitochondrial function as a protective mechanism against renal tubular cell injury in diabetic rats. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103062. [PMID: 38320454 PMCID: PMC10850784 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the regulatory effect and mechanism of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) on mitochondrial function in renal tubular epithelial cell under diabetic status. METHODS The diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ) and HK-2 cells under high glocose(HG)/transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) stimulation were used in this study. Calcitriol was administered for 24 weeks. Renal tubulointerstitial injury and some parameters of mitochondrial function including mitophagy, mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial ROS, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial ATP, Complex V activity and mitochondria-associated ER membranes (MAMs) integrity were examined. Additionally, paricalcitol, 3-MA (an autophagy inhibitor), VDR over-expression plasmid, VDR siRNA and Mfn2 siRNA were applied in vitro. RESULTS The expression of VDR, Pink1, Parkin, Fundc1, LC3II, Atg5, Mfn2, Mfn1 in renal tubular cell of diabetic rats were decreased significantly. Calcitriol treatment reduced the levels of urinary albumin, serum creatinine and attenuated renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in STZ induced diabetic rats. In addition, VDR agonist relieved mitophagy dysfunction, MAMs integrity, and inhibited mitochondrial fission, mitochondrial ROS. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that VDR interacted directly with Mfn2. Mitochondrial function including mitophagy, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), mitochondrial Ca2+, mitochondrial ATP and Complex V activity were decreased dramatically in HK-2 cells under HG/TGF-β ambience. In vitro pretreatment of HK-2 cells with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, VDR siRNA or Mfn2 siRNA negated the activating effects of paricalcitol on mitochondrial function. Pricalcitol and VDR over-expression plasmid activated Mfn2 and then partially restored the MAMs integrity. Additionally, VDR restored mitophagy was partially associated with MAMs integrity through Fundc1. CONCLUSION Activated VDR could contribute to restore mitophagy through Mfn2-MAMs-Fundc1 pathway in renal tubular cell. VDR could recover mitochondrial ATP, complex V activity and MAMs integrity, inhibit mitochondrial fission and mitochondrial ROS. It indicating that VDR agonists ameliorate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic rats partially via regulation of mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Ai-Mei Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Na Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
| | - Ming Zhan
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, China.
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center, Central South University, China.
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Gu Y, Tang J, Zhang H, Wu Q, Luo L, Sun J. MicroRNA-125b mediates Interferon-γ-induced downregulation of the vitamin D receptor in systemic lupus erythematosus. Z Rheumatol 2024; 83:132-139. [PMID: 36732450 PMCID: PMC9894746 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-023-01319-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inflammatory factor interferon (IFN)-γ is related to the occurrence and development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The vitamin D receptor (VDR) has an anti-inflammatory effect and its downregulation is involved in the onset of SLE. Our previous studies have confirmed that the expression of VDR in SLE peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is downregulated, which is negatively correlated with disease activity and inflammation. However, the mechanism underlying VDR downregulation in SLE is unknown. METHODS Based on the results of computer simulation analysis, the expression of VDR and four microRNAs (miR-17-3p, miR-34a, miR-346, and miR-125b) in SLE PBMC cells was analyzed under proinflammatory cytokine IFN‑γ treatment, and miR-125b was identified as the target miRNA. The relationship between IFN‑γ, miR-125b, and VDR was further assessed in THP‑1 cells. RESULTS We showed that IFN‑γ inhibited the expression of VDR and miR-125b. Further study revealed that VDR mRNA was positively correlated with miR-125b in THP‑1 cells after IFN‑γ intervention. After transfection of miR-125b mimic or inhibitor, the expression of VDR in the miR-125b inhibitor group was lower than in the control group and miR-125b mimic group, while expression in the control group was lower than in miR-125b mimic group. Transfection of miR-125b inhibitor into THP‑1 cells could further promote the ability of IFN‑γ to inhibit VDR. CONCLUSION The decrease in VDR expression promotes development of inflammation and SLE. These data suggest that miR-125b may mediate inflammatory factor IFN-γ-induced downregulation of VDR in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Gu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Tang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiongying Wu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linjuan Luo
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Meimetis N, Pullen KM, Zhu DY, Nilsson A, Hoang TN, Magliacane S, Lauffenburger DA. AutoTransOP: translating omics signatures without orthologue requirements using deep learning. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2024; 10:13. [PMID: 38287079 PMCID: PMC10825146 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-024-00341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of therapeutics and vaccines for human diseases requires a systematic understanding of human biology. Although animal and in vitro culture models can elucidate some disease mechanisms, they typically fail to adequately recapitulate human biology as evidenced by the predominant likelihood of clinical trial failure. To address this problem, we developed AutoTransOP, a neural network autoencoder framework, to map omics profiles from designated species or cellular contexts into a global latent space, from which germane information for different contexts can be identified without the typically imposed requirement of matched orthologues. This approach was found in general to perform at least as well as current alternative methods in identifying animal/culture-specific molecular features predictive of other contexts-most importantly without requiring homology matching. For an especially challenging test case, we successfully applied our framework to a set of inter-species vaccine serology studies, where 1-to-1 mapping between human and non-human primate features does not exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Meimetis
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Krista M Pullen
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Daniel Y Zhu
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Avlant Nilsson
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SE, 41296, Sweden
| | - Trong Nghia Hoang
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-236, USA
| | - Sara Magliacane
- Institute of Informatics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- MIT-IBM Watson AI Lab, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Douglas A Lauffenburger
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Yao M, Oduro PK, Akintibu AM, Yan H. Modulation of the vitamin D receptor by traditional Chinese medicines and bioactive compounds: potential therapeutic applications in VDR-dependent diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1298181. [PMID: 38318147 PMCID: PMC10839104 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1298181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a crucial nuclear receptor that plays a vital role in various physiological functions. To a larger extent, the genomic effects of VDR maintain general wellbeing, and its modulation holds implications for multiple diseases. Current evidence regarding using vitamin D or its synthetic analogs to treat non-communicable diseases is insufficient, though observational studies suggest potential benefits. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and bioactive compounds derived from natural sources have garnered increasing attention. Interestingly, TCM formulae and TCM-derived bioactive compounds have shown promise in modulating VDR activities. This review explores the intriguing potential of TCM and bioactive compounds in modulating VDR activity. We first emphasize the latest information on the genetic expression, function, and structure of VDR, providing a comprehensive understanding of this crucial receptor. Following this, we review several TCM formulae and herbs known to influence VDR alongside the mechanisms underpinning their action. Similarly, we also discuss TCM-based bioactive compounds that target VDR, offering insights into their roles and modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghe Yao
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Patrick Kwabena Oduro
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The State University of New York, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ayomide M. Akintibu
- School of Community Health and Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haifeng Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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8
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Wen Z, Sun C, Lou Y, Kong J. Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor mitigates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by down-regulating C5aR. J Immunotoxicol 2023; 20:2248267. [PMID: 37667858 DOI: 10.1080/1547691x.2023.2248267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (DDP) is a potent chemotherapeutic; however, it can also cause acute kidney injury (AKI). Because of the complexity of the toxicity it induces, few effective methods exist for ameliorating any form of DDP-induced AKI. Recent research has suggested that the complement system is a potential molecular target for such amelioration. In the study here, in vivo (male ICR mice) and in vitro (HK-2 cells) models of DDP-induced AKI were established to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Vitamin D (VD) against this form of AKI. Endpoints assessed in vivo/in vitro included overall renal function, degree of renal damage, and complement receptor C5aR expression using histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, and Western blots. The data indicated that the use of VD treatment could reduce renal pathological damage along with expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-18, and C5aR; however, an over-expression of C5aR weakened the protective effects of VD/VD receptor (VDR) against oxidative damage and inflammatory cell infiltration. Using a luciferase reporter gene assay and ChIP analysis, it was demonstrated that C5aR was transcriptionally inhibited by VDR. In conclusion, VD/VDR could delay DDP-induced AKI by inhibiting the expression of C5aR through transcriptional regulation and reducing the production of downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines. The present study revealed the regulatory mechanism of VD/VDR in acute renal inflammation and provides new insights into its therapeutic function in DDP-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyu Wen
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Can Sun
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Lou
- Department of Computer Science, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Kong
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Grubczak K, Starosz A, Makowska B, Parfienowicz Z, Krętowska M, Naumnik B, Moniuszko M. The influence of calcitriol and methylprednisolone on podocytes function in minimal change disease in vitro model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12731. [PMID: 37543700 PMCID: PMC10404287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39893-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimal change disease (MCD), considered one of the major causes of nephrotic syndrome, is a complex pathological condition with disturbances in podocytes' foot processes. Numerous studies suggested the essential role of vitamin D3 in maintaining proper glomerulus function. However, the data on direct potential of that compound in reference to podocytes are scarce. Thus, here we assessed the influence of calcitriol (active vitamin D3) on podocyte function, apart from commonly used steroids (methylprednisolone). CIHP-1 podocyte cell line was used to implement the LPS-PAN-induced MCD in vitro model. Viability, podocyte-related slit diaphragm proteins, morphology, function as a barrier was evaluated using flow cytometry, RT-PCR, confocal microscopy, and TEER analysis. Calcitriol or methylprednisolone did not affect cell viability. Podocyte-related proteins demonstrated different responses to in vitro treatment compared to previously reported changes in total glomeruli. Podocyte morphology was partially restored in the presence of the tested compounds. In addition, TEER analysis revealed improvement of LPS-PAN-induced cells' function as a barrier when vitamin D3 or steroid was used. In conclusion, a significant potential for modulation of MCD in vitro model podocytes with calcitriol or selected steroids was reported. Further studies on vitamin D3 in context of podocyte-related phenomenon accompanying MCD are of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Grubczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Białystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Starosz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Białystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Makowska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Białystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Parfienowicz
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Białystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krętowska
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Białystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | - Beata Naumnik
- Ist Department of Nephrology and Transplantation with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Żurawia 14, 15-540, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Białystok, Jerzego Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
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10
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Han YC, Liu YT, Zhang H, Xu Y, Liu J, Chen H, Song N, Qin DL, Yang S. VDR alleviates endothelial cell injury in arteriovenous fistula through inhibition of P66Shc-mediated mitochondrial ROS. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11088. [PMID: 37422508 PMCID: PMC10329703 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37510-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects and mechanism of Vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling on arteriovenous fistula (AVF) endothelial cell injury. Venous tissues of AVF stenosis patients were collected and analyzed, vascular morphology, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the expression of VDR, P66Shc, fibronectin (FN), collagen-1 (Col-1) were detected. In addition, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was used in in vitro studies. HUVECs was incubated with transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β, 50 ng/ml). Aditionally, paricalcitol, VDR overexpression plasmid and Pin1 inhibitor Juglone were used to investigate the regulatory mechanism of VDR in mitochondrial ROS. The parameters of ROS (e.g. MitoSox) and the expression of FN, Col-1 were tested. Moreover, the mitochondrial translocation of P66Shc was analyzed. The expression of VDR was obviously decreased in the venous tissues of AVF stenosis patients. On the contrary, the expression of P66Shc, P-P66Shc, FN, Col-1 and 8-OHdG were increased significantly in the venous tissues of AVF stenosis patients (P < 0.05). In line with this, the level of mitochondrial ROS and the expression of P66Shc, P-P66Shc, FN, Col-1 increased obviously in HUVECs cells under TGF-β condition. Both VDR over-expression plasmid and Pin1 inhibitor Juglone could alleviate TGF-β induced endothelial injury. Mechanistically, VDR overexpression plasmid and Juglone could inhibit the expression of Pin1, and then restrain P66Shc mitochondrial translocation, eventually reduce the level of mitochondrial ROS. Our research indicated that activation of VDR could alleviate venous endothelial cell dysfunction through inhibiting Pin1-mediated mitochondrial translocation of P66Shc and consequently reducing mitochondrial ROS. It suggested that VDR signaling might be an effective target for AVF stenosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Na Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dong-Lu Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No.138, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
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11
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Houske EA, Glimm MG, Bergstrom AR, Slipher SK, Welhaven HD, Greenwood MC, Linse GM, June RK, Yu ASL, Wallace DP, Hahn AK. Metabolomic profiling to identify early urinary biomarkers and metabolic pathway alterations in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 324:F590-F602. [PMID: 37141147 PMCID: PMC10281782 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00301.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by the formation of numerous fluid-filled cysts that lead to progressive loss of functional nephrons. Currently, there is an unmet need for diagnostic and prognostic indicators of early stages of the disease. Metabolites were extracted from the urine of patients with early-stage ADPKD (n = 48 study participants) and age- and sex-matched normal controls (n = 47) and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis was used to generate a global metabolomic profile of early ADPKD for the identification of metabolic pathway alterations and discriminatory metabolites as candidates of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The global metabolomic profile exhibited alterations in steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and the urea cycle. A panel of 46 metabolite features was identified as candidate diagnostic biomarkers. Notable putative identities of candidate diagnostic biomarkers for early detection include creatinine, cAMP, deoxycytidine monophosphate, various androgens (testosterone; 5-α-androstane-3,17,dione; trans-dehydroandrosterone), betaine aldehyde, phosphoric acid, choline, 18-hydroxycorticosterone, and cortisol. Metabolic pathways associated with variable rates of disease progression included steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism, vitamin D3 metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, amino acid metabolism, sialic acid metabolism, and chondroitin sulfate and heparin sulfate degradation. A panel of 41 metabolite features was identified as candidate prognostic biomarkers. Notable putative identities of candidate prognostic biomarkers include ethanolamine, C20:4 anandamide phosphate, progesterone, various androgens (5-α-dihydrotestosterone, androsterone, etiocholanolone, and epiandrosterone), betaine aldehyde, inflammatory lipids (eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid, and stearolic acid), and choline. Our exploratory data support metabolic reprogramming in early ADPKD and demonstrate the ability of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based global metabolomic profiling to detect metabolic pathway alterations as new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for early diagnosis and tracking disease progression of ADPKD.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To our knowledge, this study is the first to generate urinary global metabolomic profiles from individuals with early-stage ADPKD with preserved renal function for biomarker discovery. The exploratory dataset reveals metabolic pathway alterations that may be responsible for early cystogenesis and rapid disease progression and may be potential therapeutic targets and pathway sources for candidate biomarkers. From these results, we generated a panel of candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of early-stage ADPKD for future validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eden A Houske
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Carroll College, Helena, Montana, United States
| | - Matthew G Glimm
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Carroll College, Helena, Montana, United States
| | - Annika R Bergstrom
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Sally K Slipher
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States
| | - Hope D Welhaven
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States
- Molecular Biosciences Program, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States
| | - Mark C Greenwood
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States
| | - Greta M Linse
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States
| | - Ronald K June
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States
| | - Alan S L Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Darren P Wallace
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jared Grantham Kidney Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, United States
| | - Alyssa K Hahn
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Carroll College, Helena, Montana, United States
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12
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Xu JJ, Zhang XB, Tong WT, Ying T, Liu KQ. Phenome-wide Mendelian randomization study evaluating the association of circulating vitamin D with complex diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1108477. [PMID: 37063319 PMCID: PMC10095159 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1108477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundCirculating vitamin D has been associated with multiple clinical diseases in observational studies, but the association was inconsistent due to the presence of confounders. We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the healthy atlas of vitamin D in many clinical traits and evaluate their causal association.MethodsBased on a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS), the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) instruments of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) from 443,734 Europeans and the corresponding effects of 10 clinical diseases and 42 clinical traits in the European population were recruited to conduct a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Under the network of Mendelian randomization analysis, inverse-variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, weighted mode, and Mendelian randomization (MR)–Egger regression were performed to explore the causal effects and pleiotropy. Mendelian randomization pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) was conducted to uncover and exclude pleiotropic SNPs.ResultsThe results revealed that genetically decreased vitamin D was inversely related to the estimated BMD (β = −0.029 g/cm2, p = 0.027), TC (β = −0.269 mmol/L, p = 0.006), TG (β = −0.208 mmol/L, p = 0.002), and pulse pressure (β = −0.241 mmHg, p = 0.043), while positively associated with lymphocyte count (β = 0.037%, p = 0.015). The results did not reveal any causal association of vitamin D with clinical diseases. On the contrary, genetically protected CKD was significantly associated with increased vitamin D (β = 0.056, p = 2.361 × 10−26).ConclusionThe putative causal effects of circulating vitamin D on estimated bone mass, plasma triglyceride, and total cholesterol were uncovered, but not on clinical diseases. Vitamin D may be linked to clinical disease by affecting health-related metabolic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-jian Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University (North Campus), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-bin Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingdezhen No.1 People's Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen-tao Tong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingdezhen No.1 People's Hospital, Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China
| | - Teng Ying
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ke-qi Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Ke-qi Liu
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13
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Chattaraj B, Khanal P, Nandi A, Das A, Sharma A, Mitra S, Dey YN. Network pharmacology and molecular modelling study of Enhydra fluctuans for the prediction of the molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of nephrolithiasis. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:15400-15410. [PMID: 36914227 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2189476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
In view of the ethno medicinal use of Enhydra fluctuans for the treatment of kidney stones; the present study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in the amelioration of nephrolithiasis through a network pharmacology approach. The phytoconstituents were queried in DIGEP-Pred to identify the regulated proteins. The modulated proteins were then enriched in the STRING to predict the protein-protein interactions and the probably regulated pathways were traced in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Further, the network was constructed using Cytoscape ver 3.5.1. Results showed that β-carotene was found to be regulating maximum targets i.e. 26. In addition, 63 proteins were triggered by the components in which the vitamin D receptor was targeted by the maximum phytoconstituents i.e. 16. The enrichment analysis identified the regulation of 67 pathways in which fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis-associated pathways (KEGG entry hsa05418) regulated ten genes. Further, protein kinase C-α was traced in 23 different pathways. In addition, the majority of the regulated genes were identified from the extracellular space via the modulation of 43 genes. Also, nuclear receptor activity had the maximum molecular function via the regulation of 7 genes. Likewise, the response to organic substance was predicted to trigger the top genes i.e. 43. In contrast, Stigmasterol, Baicalein-7-o-glucoside, and Kauran-16-ol were found to have a high affinity to bind with the VDR receptor confirmed by the molecular modelling and the dynamics. Hence, the study elucidated the probable molecular mechanisms of E. fluctuans in managing nephrolithiasis and identified the lead molecules, their targets, and possible pathways.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bornika Chattaraj
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Pukar Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology, Nitte Gulabi Shetty Memorial Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (NGSMIPS), NITTE University, Mangalore, India
| | - Arijit Nandi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Anwesha Das
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Anuppur, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Soumya Mitra
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Yadu Nandan Dey
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. B. C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
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14
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Zhou C, Ye Z, Yang S, Gan X, Zhang Y, Liu M, He P, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Nie J, Qin X. Associations between Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Sun Exposure Time, Dietary Vitamin D Intake, and New-Onset Acute Kidney Injury among 413,169 UK Adults. J Nutr 2023; 153:713-722. [PMID: 36931750 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prospective associations of serum 25(OH)D, sun exposure time, and dietary vitamin D with risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) are unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the relations of serum 25(OH)D, sun exposure time, and dietary vitamin D intake with new-onset AKI and examine whether genetic susceptibility modified such associations. METHODS A total of 413,169 participants (mean age was 56.4 y, 47.2% were male) from UK Biobank without prior AKI were included. Sun exposure time was expressed as time spent outdoors. Genetic risk scores were calculated by 263 single nucleotide polymorphisms, which showed significant associations with the estimated glomerular filtration rate. The primary outcome was new-onset AKI. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the HRs and (95% CIs). RESULTS During a median follow-up duration of 12 y, 16,938 (4.1%) participates developed new-onset AKI. Compared with those with serum 25(OH)D <25 nmol/L, significantly lower risks of new-onset AKI were found between participants with 25(OH)D 25 to <50 nmol/L (adjusted HR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.73, 0.80), and ≥50 nmol/L (adjusted HR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.72). Moreover, in summer, participants who spent ≥4 h outdoors per day (tertile 3) had a significantly lower risk of new-onset AKI (adjusted HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86, 0.95) than those who spent <2 h outdoors per day (tertile 1). Similar results were found for time spent outdoors in winter. In addition, those in quintile 5 of dietary vitamin D intake showed a lower risk of new-onset AKI (≥4.2 μg/d, adjusted HR: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.98) than those in quintile 1 (<1.0 μg/d). Genetic risks of kidney diseases did not significantly modify all the 3 above associations (all P-interactions >0.05). CONCLUSIONS Serum 25(OH)D concentrations, time spent outdoors, and dietary vitamin D intake were all inversely associated with new-onset AKI, independent of genetic risks for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziliang Ye
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sisi Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqin Gan
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengyi Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panpan He
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qimeng Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Nie
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xianhui Qin
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Disease, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Renal Failure Research, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Huang HY, Lin TW, Hong ZX, Lim LM. Vitamin D and Diabetic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043751. [PMID: 36835159 PMCID: PMC9960850 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a hormone involved in many physiological processes. Its active form, 1,25(OH)2D3, modulates serum calcium-phosphate homeostasis and skeletal homeostasis. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the renoprotective effects of vitamin D. Vitamin D modulates endothelial function, is associated with podocyte preservation, regulates the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, and has anti-inflammatory effects. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease worldwide. There are numerous studies supporting vitamin D as a renoprotector, potentially delaying the onset of DKD. This review summarizes the findings of current research on vitamin D and its role in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Yin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Xuan Hong
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Moay Lim
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101-7351; Fax: +886-7-3228721
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16
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Wu X, Tang S, Dai Q, Yi B, Yang S, Sun J, Zhong Y, Lin W, Liu J, Liu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Liao Q, Zhang W, Zhang H. Vitamin D-vitamin D receptor alleviates oxidative stress in ischemic acute kidney injury via upregulating glutathione peroxidase 3. FASEB J 2023; 37:e22738. [PMID: 36583727 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201400r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor was previously reported to be protective in acute kidney injury (AKI) with the mechanism unclear, while the role of renal localized glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) was not illustrated. The present study aims to investigate the role of GPX3 as well as its correlation with vitamin D-vitamin D receptor (VD-VDR) in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced renal oxidative stress injury. We showed that the expression of GPX3 and VDR were consistently decreased in renal tissues of I/R-related AKI patients and mice models. VDR agonist paricalcitol could reverse GPX3 expression and inhibit oxidative stress in I/R mice or hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) insulted HK-2 cells. VDR deficiency resulted in aggregated oxidative stress and severer renal injury accompanied by further decreased renal GPX3, while tubular-specific VDR overexpression remarkably reduced I/R-induced renal injury with recovered GPX3 in mice. Neither serum selenium nor selenoprotein P was affected by paricalcitol administration nor Vdr modification in vivo. In addition, inhibiting GPX3 abrogated the protective effects of VD-VDR in HK-2 cells, while GPX3 overexpression remarkably attenuated H/R-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. Mechanistic probing revealed the GPX3 as a VDR transcriptional target. Our present work revealed that loss of renal GPX3 may be a hallmark that promotes renal oxidative stress injury and VD-VDR could protect against I/R-induced renal injury via inhibition of oxidative stress partly by trans-regulating GPX3. In addition, maintenance of renal GPX3 could be a therapeutic strategy for ischemic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shiqi Tang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Dai
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jishi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qin Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,The Critical Kidney Disease Research Center of Central South University, Changsha, China
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Farooqui N, Subbiah A, Chaturvedi P, Sati H, Singh G, Bhowmik D, Agarwal SK, Bagchi S. Association of vitamin D status with disease severity and outcome in Indian patients with IgA nephropathy. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:15. [PMID: 36650464 PMCID: PMC9843909 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-023-03061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency has been examined as a risk factor for severity and progression of kidney disease due to its immunomodulatory effects. There is paucity of data about its impact in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, 25 (OH) vitamin D assay was performed in bio-banked baseline serum samples collected during kidney biopsy of 105 adult patients with primary IgAN diagnosed between 2015 and 2019. A level of < 10 ng/mL was defined as Vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS Mean age of patients was 34 ± 10.6 years, 69.5% were males. Mean baseline 25(OH) Vitamin D levels was 15.9 ± 11.9 ng/mL and 41(39%) patients had vitamin D deficiency. Serum albumin level was lower in vitamin D deficient patients compared to those who had higher vitamin D levels (3.7 ± 0.9 vs 4.1 ± 0.7 g/dl, p = 0.018)but there was no significant difference in baseline proteinuria and eGFR. Crescentic lesions were more frequent in vitamin D deficient group (19.5% vs 6.3%, p = 0.022). At median follow up of 21.5 months (6 - 56 months), there was no difference in remission (68.3% vs 65.6%, p = 0.777) and disease progression (12.5% vs 9.4%, p = 0.614) in those with and without Vitamin D deficiency respectively. On multivariate cox proportional hazard analysis, vitamin D deficiency was not a significant risk factor for renal survival (HR-1.79, 95% confidence interval:0.50-6.34, p = 0.368). CONCLUSION There was no association between vitamin D deficiency and disease profile as well as renal outcome in Indian patients with IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naba Farooqui
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Arunkumar Subbiah
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Pradeep Chaturvedi
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Reproductive Biology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hem Sati
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Geetika Singh
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dipankar Bhowmik
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay K. Agarwal
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumita Bagchi
- grid.413618.90000 0004 1767 6103Department of Nephrology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Metin H, Ertan P, KeskinoÄŸlu A, Türköz Uluer E, Batir MB, KeskinoÄŸlu P, Akogullari D, Çam FS. Effect of vitamin D analogues calcitriol and paricalcitol in a rat model of puromycin aminonucleoside-induced nephrotic syndrome. PAEDIATRICA INDONESIANA 2022. [DOI: 10.14238/pi62.6.2022.382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renoprotective effects of vitamin D analogues have been shown in several experimental and clinical studies, the exact mechanism of the therapeutic effectiveness of these analogues in Nephrotic syndrome remains unclear, and these are relatively few studies on potential treatment roles for vitamin D analogues in nephrotic-range proteinuria. ?ndicate similar efficacy of the vitamin D analogues calcitriol and paricalcitol in time-limited amelioration of proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome, yet suggest the likelihood of mechanisms other than direct upregulation of nephrin and podocin in podocytes underlie the renoprotective effects of vitamin D analogues.
Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin D (Vit D) analogues calcitriol and paricalcitol on urinary protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) and renal podocin and nephrin expression in a rat model of puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced nephrotic syndrome (NS).
Methods A total of 28 male Wistar Albino rats were separated into 4 groups (n=7 for each) including CON [control; intraperitoneal (IP) saline injection], PAN (NS + IP saline injection), PAN-C (NS + IP 0.4 µg/kg/day calcitriol injection), and PAN-P (NS + IP 240 ng/kg/day paricalcitol injection). Nephrotic syndrome was induced via intravenous (IV) administration of 10mg/100gr PAN. The UPCR as well as histopathological, immuno-histochemical, and real time PCR analyses of kidney tissue specimens were recorded and analyzed among the 4 groups.
Results Median UPCR (Day 4) was significantly lower in both the PAN-C [1.45 (range 1.20-1.80)] and PAN-P [1.40 (range 1.10-1.80)] groups than in the PAN group [2.15 (range 2.00-2.40)] (P<0.01 for each). The PAN group had significantly higher mean UPCR than the CON group [1.75 (range 1.40-2.00); P<0.05]. No significant difference in UPCR was noted between groups on Day 7. Median podocin mRNA expression was significantly higher in the PAN-P group compared to the PAN group [22.55 (range 22.42-23.02) vs. 22.06 (range 21.81-22.06), respectively; (P<0.01)].
Conclusion Seven-day calcitriol and paricalcitol supplementation in a rat model of PAN-induced nephrotic syndrome had similar efficacy, in terms of temporary amelioration of proteinuria.
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Ghaith MM, El-Boshy M, Almasmoum H, Abdelghany AH, Azzeh FS, Almaimani RA, Idris S, Ahmad J, Mahbub AA, BaSalamah MA, Elzubeir ME, Refaat B. Deferasirox and vitamin D 3 co-therapy mitigates iron-induced renal injury by enhanced modulation of cellular anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and iron regulatory pathways in rat. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127085. [PMID: 36179462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic iron overload could induce nephropathy via oxidative stress and inflammation, and chelating therapy has limited efficacy in removing excess intracellular iron. Although vitamin D (VD) has shown potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as well contribute to iron homeostasis, none of the previous studies measured its potential remedial effects against chronic iron toxicity. AIMS To measure the alleviating effects of deferasirox (DFX) and/or vitamin D (VD) single and combined therapies against nephrotoxicity induced by chronic iron overload. METHODS Forty male rats were divided into negative (NC) and positive (PC) controls, DFX, VD, and DFX/VD groups. The designated groups received iron for six weeks followed by DFX and/or VD for another six weeks. Then, the expression pattern of renal genes and proteins including hepcidin, ferroportin (FPN), megalin, transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1), ferritin heavy and light chains, VD receptor (VDR), VD synthesizing (Cyp27b1) and catabolizing (Cyp24a1) enzymes were measured alongside serum markers of renal function and iron biochemical parameters. Additionally, several markers of oxidative stress (MDA/H2O2/GSH/SOD1/CAT/GPx4) and inflammation (IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α/IL-10) together with renal cell apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 (Casp-3) were measured. RESULTS The PC rats showed pathological iron and renal biochemical markers, hypovitaminosis D, increased renal tissue iron contents with increased Cyp24a1/Megalin/ferritin-chains/hepcidin, and decreased Cyp27b1/VDR/TfR1/FPN expression than the NC group. The PC renal tissues also showed abnormal histology, increased inflammatory (IL-1β/IL-6/TNF-α), oxidative stress (MDA/H2O2), and apoptosis markers with decreased IL-10/GSH/SOD1/CAT/GPx4. Although DFX monotherapy reduced serum iron levels, it was comparable to the PC group in renal iron concentrations, VD and iron-homeostatic molecules, alongside markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. On the other hand, VD monotherapy markedly modulated renal iron and VD-related molecules, reduced renal tissue iron concentrations, and preserved renal tissue relative to the PC and DFX groups. However, serum iron levels were equal in the VD and PC groups. In contrast, the best significant improvements in serum and renal iron levels, expression of renal iron-homeostatic molecules, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis were seen in the co-therapy group. CONCLUSIONS iron-induced nephrotoxicity was associated with dysregulations in renal VD-system together with renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. While DFX reduced systemic iron, VD monotherapy showed better attenuation of renal iron concentrations and tissue damage. Nonetheless, the co-therapy approach exhibited the maximal remedial effects, possibly by enhanced modulation of renal iron-homeostatic molecules alongside reducing systemic iron levels. AVAILABILITY OF DATA AND MATERIALS All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article [and its Supplementary information files].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen M Ghaith
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Boshy
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hussain Almasmoum
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelghany H Abdelghany
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Firas S Azzeh
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Idris
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jawwad Ahmad
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amani A Mahbub
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad A BaSalamah
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed E Elzubeir
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassem Refaat
- Laboratory Medicine Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607 Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Jayaprakash S, Hegde M, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Lee EHC, Yap KCH, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. Demystifying the Functional Role of Nuclear Receptors in Esophageal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810952. [PMID: 36142861 PMCID: PMC9501100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC), an aggressive and poorly understood disease, is one of the top causes of cancer-related fatalities. GLOBOCAN 2020 reports that there are 544,076 deaths and 604,100 new cases expected worldwide. Even though there are various advancements in treatment procedures, this cancer has been reported as one of the most difficult cancers to cure, and to increase patient survival; treatment targets still need to be established. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a type of transcription factor, which has a key role in several biological processes such as reproduction, development, cellular differentiation, stress response, immunity, metabolism, lipids, and drugs, and are essential regulators of several diseases, including cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of NRs in tumor immunology and proved the well-known roles of multiple NRs in modulating proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. There are surplus of studies conducted on NRs and their implications in EC, but only a few studies have demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NRs. Therefore, there is still a paucity of the role of NRs and different ways to target them in EC cells to stop them from spreading malignancy. This review emphasizes the significance of NRs in EC by discussing their diverse agonists as well as antagonists and their response to tumor progression. Additionally, we emphasize NRs’ potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target and their capacity to treat and prevent EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujitha Jayaprakash
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - E. Hui Clarissa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Chun-Hong Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.)
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Chan WH, Hsu YJ, Cheng CP, Chou KN, Chen CL, Huang SM, Kan WC, Chiu YL. Assessing the Global Impact on the Mouse Kidney After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Transcriptomic Study. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:4833-4851. [PMID: 36042866 PMCID: PMC9420446 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s375088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we use animal models combined with bioinformatics strategies to investigate the potential changes in overall renal transcriptional expression after traumatic brain injury. Methods Microarray analysis was performed after kidney acquisition using unilateral controlled cortical impact as the primary mouse TBI model. Multi-oriented gene set enrichment analysis was performed for differentially expressed genes. Results The results showed that TBI affected the gene set associated with mitochondria function in kidney cells, and a negative enrichment of gene sets associated with immune cell migration and epidermal development was also observed. Analysis of the disease phenotype gene set revealed that differential expression of mitochondria-related genes was associated with lactate metabolism. Alternatively, activation and adhesion of immune cells associated with the complement system may promote autoinflammation in kidney tissue. The simulated immune cell infiltration analysis showed an increase in the proportion of activated memory CD4 T cells and a decrease in the proportion of resting memory CD4 T cells, suggesting that activated memory CD4 T cell infiltration may be involved in the inflammation of renal tissue and cause damage to renal cells, such as principal cells, mesangial cells and loops of Henle cells. Conclusion This study is the first to reveal the effects of brain trauma on the kidney. TBI may affect the expression of mitochondria function-related gene sets in renal cells by increasing lactate. It may also affect renal mesangial cells by inducing increased infiltration of immune cells through mechanisms related to complement system activation or autoimmune antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hung Chan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Juei Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chiao-Pei Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Kuan-Nien Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chin-Li Chen
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shih-Ming Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wei-Chih Kan
- Department of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan City, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan City, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Lin Chiu
- Department of Biochemistry, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kang E, Yim HE, Nam YJ, Jeong SH, Kim JA, Lee JH, Son MH, Yoo KH. Exposure to airborne particulate matter induces renal tubular cell injury in vitro: the role of vitamin D signaling and renin-angiotensin system. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10184. [PMID: 36033312 PMCID: PMC9403349 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to air pollution can interfere with the vitamin D endocrine system. This study investigated the effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) on renal tubular cell injury in vitro and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods HK-2 human renal proximal tubule cells were treated with PM with or without 1,25(OH)2D3 analog, 19-Nor-1,25(OH)2D2 (paricalcitol, 10 nM) for 48 h. The dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity of PM with or without paricalcitol was determined via cell counting kit-8 assay. Cellular oxidative stress was assessed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The protein expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), cytochrome P450(CYP)27B1, CYP24A1, renin, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 was determined. Results PM exposure decreased HK-2 cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The activities of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde in HK-2 cells increased significantly in the group exposed to PM. PM exposure decreased VDR and Nrf2, while increasing CYP27B1, renin, ACE, AT1, NF-kB, TNF-α, and IL-6. The expression of VDR, CYP27B1, renin, ACE, AT1, and TNF-α was reversed by paricalcitol treatment. Paricalcitol also restored the cell viability of PM-exposed HK-2 cells. Conclusion Our findings indicate that exposure to PM induces renal proximal tubular cell injury, concomitant with alteration of vitamin D endocrine system and renin angiotensin system. Vitamin D could attenuate renal tubular cell damage following PM exposure by suppressing the renin-angiotensin system and by partially inhibiting the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eungu Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Yim
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Nam
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Jeong
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Ae Kim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Han Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, Gyeonggi 15355, South Korea
| | - Min Hwa Son
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Hwan Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinically critical disease exhibiting an acute decline in renal function. The lack of an effective prevention and treatment method equates to a high morbidity and mortality rate. Consequently, over the past few decades, many therapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action have been proposed and gradually applied to the clinic. The involved drug mechanisms evaluated have included hemodynamic modulation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, repair agents, metabolic derangement and mitochondrial function. AREAS COVERED The authors of this review provide the reader with a reference point for the latest advances in pharmacotherapy in acute kidney injury. This is achieved by the evaluation of the latest data collected on potential therapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action, as well as their preclinical and clinical impact on AKI. EXPERT OPINION Presently, the vast majority of drugs are still in clinical development, which is a huge challenge. Nevertheless, in addition to current chemical drugs and gene therapy strategies, the advent of mesenchymal stem cell treatments and other emerging pharmaceutical strategies could enable clinicians to better treat AKI. Due to the nonselective distribution and low bioavailability of some of the latest pharmaceutical strategies, there is hope that these treatment options may provide more efficacious avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaojing Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Duan S, Lu F, Wu B, Zhang C, Nie G, Sun L, Huang Z, Guo H, Zhang B, Xing C, Yuan Y. Association of Serum 25 (OH) Vitamin D With Chronic Kidney Disease Progression in Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:929598. [PMID: 35846303 PMCID: PMC9279917 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.929598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Growing evidence demonstrated that vitamin D levels had been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in light of various extraskeletal effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level with the clinicopathological features and CKD progression in T2DM. METHODS A total of 182 patients with T2DM with CKD stages 1 through 4 (G1-G4) were retrospectively included. Identification of the serum 25(OH)D level associated with CKD progression was executed by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models. We further performed sensitivity analyses with a time-weighted average (TWA) of the serum 25(OH)D level in 75 participants to reinforce the findings. RESULTS The median serum 25(OH)D level was 26 (IQR, 14; 39) nmol/L in the study participants. Median follow-up time was 42 months, during which 70 (38%) patients confronted CKD progression. Cumulative kidney outcomes were significantly higher in the lowest tertile of the serum 25(OH)D level in Kaplan-Meier analyses (P < 0.001). Consistently, the analyses of Cox proportional hazards regression models indicated a significantly greater risk for CKD progression in the lowest tertile of the serum 25(OH)D level compared with the highest tertile of the serum 25(OH)D level (P = 0.03). These relationships remained robust with further sensitivity analysis of data with TWA of the serum 25(OH)D level, showing an independent association between lower TWA of the serum 25(OH)D level and an unfavorable renal outcome in patients with T2DM with CKD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that patients with T2DM with a decreased 25(OH)D level had deteriorated renal function. Both lower levels of baseline and TWA of serum 25(OH)D were associated with an increased risk of CKD progression in patients with T2DM, which suggested that the long-term maintenance of optimal vitamin D levels from early in life might be associated with reduced future risk of CKD development in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bo Zhang
- *Correspondence: Yanggang Yuan, ; Bo Zhang, ; Changying Xing,
| | - Changying Xing
- *Correspondence: Yanggang Yuan, ; Bo Zhang, ; Changying Xing,
| | - Yanggang Yuan
- *Correspondence: Yanggang Yuan, ; Bo Zhang, ; Changying Xing,
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Wen W, Huang B, Ye S. Metformin Ameliorates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells in Diabetes by Increasing Vitamin D Receptor Expression. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:4001-4010. [PMID: 36582506 PMCID: PMC9792813 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s389918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metformin is used as a first-line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a significant role in the development of renal tubular damage in diabetic kidney disease. However, the underlying mechanisms of EMT in diabetic kidney disease are unclear and how to inhibit this process remains to be explored. METHODS C57 mice were randomly divided into four groups, including the normal control group (NC group), the Type 2 diabetes group (T2DM group), the metformin group (MET group), and glibenclamide group (GLIB). Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), urinary albumin, RBP, PCX, and creatinine were measured. Renal pathology was observed with HE staining. Molecular mechanism of VDR expression are regulated by metformin through wound healing assay, and Western blot analysis of VDR, Ecad, and SMA in HK2 cells. RESULTS In animal experiments, compared with the NC group, the T2DM group showed decreased body weight, increased levels of FBG, HbA1c, UAlb/UCR, URBP/UCR, and UPCX/UCR, decreased levels of VDR protein and mRNA expression in renal tissues (P < 0.05), and significantly increased renal pathological damage in mice in the T2DM group. Compared with the T2DM group, mice in the GLIB and MET groups had higher body weight and lower FBG, HbA1c, UAlb/UCR, URBP/UCR, and UPCX/UCR (P < 0.05). In addition, renal pathological damage was significantly reduced in the MET group compared to the GLIB group. In HK2 cells, high glucose promoted the reduction of VDR and the development of EMT compared to the NC group. In addition, we found that Metformin can up-regulate VDR and inhibit EMT. CONCLUSION Our study shows that the renoprotective effect of metformin is independent of glycemic control and metformin is involved in the progression of EMT by regulating VDR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Laboratory for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology and Laboratory for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology and Laboratory for Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shandong Ye, University of Science and Technology of China, No. 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui Province, 230026, People’s Republic of China, Email
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YANG X, ZHANG Y, YANG N, YU X, GAO X, ZHAO M. Parthenolide regulates DNMT1-mediated methylation of VDR promoter to relieve podocyte damage in mice with diabetic nephropathy. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.51221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ni YANG
- University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xiao YU
- University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xin GAO
- University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Meiyun ZHAO
- Xi’an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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El Askary A, Gharib AF, Almehmadi M, Bakhuraysah MM, Al Hajjiahmed AA, Al-Hejji LI, Alharthi MS, Shafie A. The role of vitamin D deficiency and elevated inflammatory biomarkers as risk factors for the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. OPEN CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2021-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Albuminuria is the most sensitive marker for the early recognition of DN. Therefore, we aimed to study the risk factors of albuminuria as a marker of DN among diabetic patients. The study included 41 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 50 type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) patients with macroalbuminuria, 43 T2DN patients with microalbuminuria and 38 healthy controls. Logistic regression was used to detect the most significant risk factors for albuminuria. A high statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM) duration, glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), lipid profile, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), the albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR), vitamin D, total parathyroid hormone (PTH), urea, total calcium and chemerin (p < 0.001). It was found that the duration of DM, BMI, glucose, GFR, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, ACR, vitamin D, PTH and chemerin are significant albuminuria risk factors in DN. Vitamin D deficiency and associated inflammatory mediators such as chemerin, TNF-α, IL-6 and CRP are the most essential risk factors for albuminuria in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad El Askary
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University , PO Box 11099 , Taif 21944 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal F. Gharib
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University , PO Box 11099 , Taif 21944 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University , PO Box 11099 , Taif 21944 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Mahfouz Bakhuraysah
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University , PO Box 11099 , Taif 21944 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Ali Al Hajjiahmed
- Reference Laboratory, Laboratories and Blood Banks Administration in Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health , Al-Ahsa , Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla Ibrahim Al-Hejji
- Curative Services for Primary Health Care in Al-Ahsa Health Cluster, Ministry of Health , Al-Ahsa , Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S. Alharthi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University , PO Box 11099 , Taif 21944 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University , PO Box 11099 , Taif 21944 , Saudi Arabia
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Panteli AE, Theofilis P, Vordoni A, Vlachopanos G, Koukoulaki M, Kalaitzidis RG. Narrative review of recent studies on the role of vitamin D in the prevention of cardiac and renal risk and additional considerations for COVID-19 vulnerability. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2021; 20:168-177. [PMID: 34802405 DOI: 10.2174/1570161119666211119142746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of vitamin D in maintaining a healthy cardiovascular (CV) and the renal system has received increasing attention. Low vitamin D levels are associated with the incidence of hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and chronic congestive heart failure. Low vitamin D levels also influence renal disease progression and albuminuria deterioration. Moreover, recent research indicates that vitamin D deficiency can be a potential risk factor for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection and poorer outcomes. Data are inconclusive as to whether supplementation with vitamin D agents reduces CV disease risk or COVID-19 severity. Conversely, in patients with kidney disease, vitamin D supplementation is associated with improved kidney function and albuminuria. This narrative review considers recent data on the effects of vitamin D on the CV and renal system, as well as its possible role regarding COVID-19 complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia - Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Piraeus, Nikaia 18454. Greece
| | - Aikaterini Vordoni
- Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia - Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Piraeus, Nikaia 18454. Greece
| | - Georgios Vlachopanos
- Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia - Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Piraeus, Nikaia 18454. Greece
| | - Maria Koukoulaki
- Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia - Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Piraeus, Nikaia 18454. Greece
| | - Rigas G Kalaitzidis
- Center for Nephrology "G. Papadakis", General Hospital of Nikaia - Piraeus "Agios Panteleimon", Piraeus, Nikaia 18454. Greece
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Huang J, An Q, Ju BM, Zhang J, Fan P, He L, Wang L. Role of vitamin D/VDR nuclear translocation in down-regulation of NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1 axis in lupus nephritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108131. [PMID: 34536747 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D receptor (VDR) and NLRP3 inflammasome play critical roles in lupus nephritis (LN) pathogenesis. AIM OF THE STUDY This study explored the therapeutic effect of VDR agonist on LN and its molecular mechanism to inhibit NLRP3 signalling. METHODS C57BL/6 mice, lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice, and VDR agonist paricacitol-treated MRL/lpr mice (300 ng/kg/mouse per dose, 5 times/week for 8 weeks from 8 weeks old) were used to assess kidney histopathology and measure proteinuria, serum anti-ds-DNA antibody and expression of NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis. We used mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) to identify protein-protein interactions and examine the effects of paricalcitol. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION LN pathogenesis decreased after paricalcitol treatment. We observed a marked improvement in renal pathology and a time-dependent decrease urine protein and serum anti-dsDNA antibody levels. In 16-week-old MRL/lpr LN mice, the upregulated expression of NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis was significantly downregulated after paricalcitol treatment. Paricalcitol can reverse the apoptosis induced by anti-dsDNA antibody via the NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis in mRTECs. Furthermore, paricalcitol suppressed NF-κB nuclear translocation by competitively binding to importin-4. In summary, the VDR agonist can alleviate LN by modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 axis and suppressing the NF-κB nuclear translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi An
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bo-Miao Ju
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lan He
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xibei Hospital), Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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Piona C, Ventrici C, Marcovecchio L, Chiarelli F, Maffeis C, Bonfanti R, Rabbone I. Long-term complications of type 1 diabetes: what do we know and what do we need to understand? Minerva Pediatr (Torino) 2021; 73:504-522. [PMID: 34530587 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5276.21.06545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Long-term complications of type 1 diabetes (T1D) include microvascular complications and macrovascular disease. Despite the important advances in the treatment of T1D of the last decades, these complications still represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with T1D. Extensive evidence indicates that structural and functional alterations of the kidney, retina, nerves and large arteries occur already in the first years after the onset of diabetes. We performed a comprehensive review of the available evidence on screening, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of vascular complications of T1D. In particular, we focused on three major challenges related to long-term complications of T1D: 1) finding of new biomarkers and diagnostic methods able to identify early signs of complications; 2) identifying specific risk factors for the development of these complications; 3) identifying and implementing new therapeutic strategies able to prevent the development and progression of vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Piona
- Paediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Regional Center for Paediatric Diabetes, University City Hospital of Verona, Italy
| | - Claudia Ventrici
- Paediatric Unit, Hospital of Polistena, Polistena, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudio Maffeis
- Paediatric Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Unit, Regional Center for Paediatric Diabetes, University City Hospital of Verona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Bonfanti
- Diabetes Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy
| | - Ivana Rabbone
- Division of Paediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy -
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Wang F, Hu R, Zhang J, Pei T, He Z, Ju L, Han Z, Wang M, Xiao W. High-dose vitamin D3 supplementation ameliorates renal fibrosis by vitamin D receptor activation and inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 907:174271. [PMID: 34147475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the pathological consequence of progressive chronic kidney disease. Although it has been reported that vitamin D3 exerts antifibrotic effects, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the effects and molecular mechanisms in high-dose vitamin D3 treatment on renal fibrosis. A model of chronic kidney disease was established by 5/6 nephrectomy in rats characterised by high levels of serum creatine, urea nitrogen, and urinary protein. Serum 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, calcium and parathormone levels were measured to evaluate vitamin D levels. Hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid Schiff and Mallory's Trichrome staining were used to evaluate histopathological changes in rats. Moreover, the expression of vimentin, collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin and E-cadherin were analyzed at molecular and histopathological levels. Our results showed that exposure to vitamin D3 decreased the levels of serum creatine, urea nitrogen and urine protein and restored the homeostasis of calcium and parathormone. Vitamin D3 also downregulated the expression of vimentin, collagen I and α-smooth muscle actin and attenuated renal fibrosis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition in the kidney. Importantly, vitamin D3 treatment increased the expression of the vitamin D receptor and inhibited Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smad3 signaling pathway in rats kidneys with chronic kidney disease. Mechanistically, the upregulation of TGF-β1 and phosphorylation of Smad3 induced by vitamin D3 was reversed by activation of the vitamin D receptor. Our findings indicated that vitamin D3 is a potential antifibrotic drug in chronic kidney disease via the vitmin D receptor and inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujing Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Rong Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiaxing Zhang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Pei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhuo'en He
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liliang Ju
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongxiao Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingqing Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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He J, Du J, Yi B, Wang J, Zhang H, Li YC, Sun J. MicroRNA-122 contributes to lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury via down-regulating the vitamin D receptor in the kidney. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13547. [PMID: 33782973 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous studies showed that vitamin D receptor (VDR) depletion promotes lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice, and renal VDR is down-regulated in AKI, but the mechanism of VDR down-regulation is unclear. METHODS Nutritional vitamin D deficiency was induced by feeding mice a vitamin D-deficient (VD-D) diet. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (20 mg/kg) to establish LPS-induced AKI. Levels of VDR and miR-122 were measured both in vivo and in vitro. The associations between VDR and miR-122 were analysed by dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Compared with vitamin D-sufficient (VD-S) mice, VD-D mice developed more severe renal injury following LPS challenge. LPS induced a dramatic decrease in VDR expression and marked induction of miR-122 both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, miR-122 hairpin inhibitor alleviated LPS-induced VDR down-regulation whereas miR-122 mimic directly suppressed VDR expression in HK-2 cells. In luciferase reporter assays, miR-122 mimic was able to suppress luciferase activity in 293T cells co-transfected with a luciferase reporter that contains a putative miR-122 target site from 3'UTR of the VDR transcript, but not when this site was mutated. Moreover, miR-122 mimic significantly blocked paricalcitol-induced luciferase activity in 293T cells co-transfected with a VDRE-driven luciferase reporter, whereas miR-122 hairpin inhibitor enhanced paricalcitol's activity to suppress PUMA and caspase 3 activation induced by LPS in HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these studies provide evidence that miR-122 directly targets VDR in renal tubular cells, which strongly suggest that miR-122 up-regulation in the kidney under LPS challenge contributes to kidney injury by down-regulating VDR expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong He
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Chun Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Biological Sciences, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Expression of renal vitamin D receptors and metabolizing enzymes in IgA nephropathy. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151740. [PMID: 34111685 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM One of the main causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world is IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Since kidney is a key player in vitamin D metabolism, we investigated the expression of renal vitamin D receptors (VDR) and metabolizing enzymes in IgA nephropathy patients (IgAN-P). METHODS The sample included twelve IgAN-P who underwent ultrasound-guided renal biopsies and five controls who underwent nephrectomy due to clear renal carcinoma. Immunofluorescent staining was used to determine the expression of VDR, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 -alpha-hydroxylase (1alpha-OHase) and vitamin D3 24-hydroxylase (CYP24A1). RESULTS Significant increase in expression of VDR, which was prominent in distal tubular cells (DTCs) in tissues from IgAN-P, was found in comparison to the controls (p = 0.0368). The expression of 1alpha-OHase, calcitriol synthesizing enzyme, was significantly lower in IgAN-P, in comparison with controls (p < 0.0001). The opposite, expression of CYP24A1 (vitamin D degrading enzyme), was significantly higher in IgAN-P in comparison with controls (p = 0.0003). Additionally, we found significant negative correlation between percentage of CYP24A1 immunoreactive nuclei in proximal tubular cells (PTCs) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in IgAN-P (r = -0.6139; p = 0.0337). CONCLUSIONS Our research indicates substantially decreased renal calcitriol production and increased vitamin D degradation in kidneys of IgAN-P, but larger studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Jiang S, Huang L, Zhang W, Zhang H. Vitamin D/VDR in Acute Kidney Injury: A Potential Therapeutic Target. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3865-3876. [PMID: 33213307 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201118155625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite many strategies and parameters used in clinical practice, the incidence and mortality of acute kidney injury (AKI) are still high with poor prognosis. With the development of molecular biology, the role of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in AKI is drawing increasing attention. Accumulated researches have suggested that Vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor of both clinical and experimental AKI, and vitamin D/VDR could be a promising therapeutic target against AKI. However, more qualitative clinical researches are needed to provide stronger evidence for the clinical application of vitamin D and VDR agonists in the future. Issues like the route and dosage of administration also await more attention. The present review aims to summarize the current works on the role of vitamin D/VDR in AKI and provides some new insight on its therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqing Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lihua Huang
- Center for Medical Experiments, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Rd, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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Lee M, Lee G, Kang HG, Suh JS. New susceptible locus, rs9428555, is associated with pediatric-onset immunoglobulin A nephropathy and immunoglobulin A vasculitis in Koreans. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:1049-1057. [PMID: 34146253 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01120-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common primary forms of glomerulonephritis, while IgA vasculitis (IgAV) is the most common systemic vasculitis in children. OBJECTIVE Herein we aimed to uncover single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers associated with these two related diseases by applying association tests and Sanger sequencing. METHODS Within the discovery stage, genomic DNA in blood samples from 101 enrolled patients were genotyped by the Korean Biobank Array. Association tests were performed with 397 Korean reference genomes. In the validation stage, 26 independent samples were genotyped by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Four SNPs were identified (P < 5 × 10-8) in the discovery stage. To determine whether the genotypes determined by SNP array were accurate, additional genotyping via Sanger sequencing was performed. As a result, only one SNP, rs9428555, was properly genotyped. In the validation stage, the minor allele (A > G) was found in as many as 15 out of 26 samples (minor allele frequency = 0.288), even though this minor allele is rare in East Asians (< 3%). CONCLUSIONS We found rs9428555 as a novel susceptible locus associated with the development of both IgAN and IgAV in Koreans. Though we cannot conclude rs9428555 is the unique susceptible locus of IgAN and IgAV, it is likely a good marker as the minor allele of this SNP occurred much more often in the patient group here versus within East Asians as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunhee Lee
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Gyung Kang
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University, College of Medicine and Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Soon Suh
- Department of Pediatrics, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon-Si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Zhang Q, Yang M, Xiao Y, Han Y, Yang S, Sun L. Towards Better Drug Repositioning: Targeted Immunoinflammatory Therapy for Diabetic Nephropathy. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1003-1024. [PMID: 31701843 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666191108160643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common and important microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The main clinical features of DN are proteinuria and a progressive decline in renal function, which are associated with structural and functional changes in the kidney. The pathogenesis of DN is multifactorial, including genetic, metabolic, and haemodynamic factors, which can trigger a sequence of events. Controlling metabolic risks such as hyperglycaemia, hypertension, and dyslipidaemia is not enough to slow the progression of DN. Recent studies emphasized immunoinflammation as a critical pathogenic factor in the progression of DN. Therefore, targeting inflammation is considered a potential and novel treatment strategy for DN. In this review, we will briefly introduce the inflammatory process of DN and discuss the anti-inflammatory effects of antidiabetic drugs when treating DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yachun Han
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Curran CS, Kopp JB. PD-1 immunobiology in glomerulonephritis and renal cell carcinoma. BMC Nephrol 2021; 22:80. [PMID: 33676416 PMCID: PMC7936245 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-021-02257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 receptors and ligands on immune cells and kidney parenchymal cells help maintain immunological homeostasis in the kidney. Dysregulated PD-1:PD-L1 binding interactions occur during the pathogenesis of glomerulopathies and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The regulation of these molecules in the kidney is important to PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapies that treat RCC and may induce glomerulopathies as an adverse event. METHODS The expression and function of PD-1 molecules on immune and kidney parenchymal cells were reviewed in the healthy kidney, PD-1 immunotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity, glomerulopathies and RCC. RESULTS PD-1 and/or its ligands are expressed on kidney macrophages, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, and renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. Vitamin D3, glutathione and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulate hypoxic cell signals involved in the expression and function of PD-1 molecules. These pathways are altered in kidney disease and are linked to the production of vascular endothelial growth factor, erythropoietin, adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-18, IL-23, and chemokines that bind CXCR3, CXCR4, and/or CXCR7. These factors are differentially produced in glomerulonephritis and RCC and may be important biomarkers in patients that receive PD-1 therapies and/or develop glomerulonephritis as an adverse event CONCLUSION: By comparing the functions of the PD-1 axis in glomerulopathies and RCC, we identified similar chemokines involved in the recruitment of immune cells and distinct mediators in T cell differentiation. The expression and function of PD-1 and PD-1 ligands in diseased tissue and particularly on double-negative T cells and parenchymal kidney cells needs continued exploration. The possible regulation of the PD-1 axis by vitamin D3, glutathione and/or AMPK cell signals may be important to kidney disease and the PD-1 immunotherapeutic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S Curran
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, NIH, BG 10 RM 2C135, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.
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Vitamin D and Glomerulonephritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57020186. [PMID: 33671780 PMCID: PMC7926883 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D presents a plethora of different functions that go beyond its role in skeletal homeostasis. It is an efficient endocrine regulator of the Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System (RAAS) and erythropoiesis, exerts immunomodulatory effects, reduces the cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. In Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients, Vitamin D function is impaired; the renal hydrolyzation of its inactive form by the action of 1α-hydroxylase declines at the same pace of reduced nephron mass. Moreover, Vitamin D major carrier, the D-binding protein (DBP), is less represented due to Nephrotic Syndrome (NS), proteinuria, and the alteration of the cubilin–megalin–amnionless receptor complex in the renal proximal tubule. In Glomerulonephritis (GN), Vitamin D supplementation demonstrated to significantly reduce proteinuria and to slow kidney disease progression. It also has potent antiproliferative and immunomodulating functions, contributing to the inhibitions of kidney inflammation. Vitamin D preserves the structural integrity of the slit diaphragm guaranteeing protective effects on podocytes. Activated Vitamin D has been demonstrated to potentiate the antiproteinuric effect of RAAS inhibitors in IgA nephropathy and Lupus Nephritis, enforcing its role in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: calcitriol treatment, through Vitamin D receptor (VDR) action, can regulate the heparanase promoter activity and modulate the urokinase receptor (uPAR), guaranteeing podocyte preservation. It also controls the podocyte distribution by modulating mRNA synthesis and protein expression of nephrin and podocin. Maxalcalcitol is another promising alternative: it has about 1/600 affinity to vitamin D binding protein (DBP), compared to Calcitriol, overcoming the risk of hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia and calcifications, and it circulates principally in unbound form with easier availability for target tissues. Doxercalciferol, as well as paricalcitol, showed a lower incidence of hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria than Calcitriol. Paricalcitol demonstrated a significant role in suppressing RAAS genes expression: it significantly decreases angiotensinogen, renin, renin receptors, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels, thus reducing proteinuria and renal damage. The purpose of this article is to establish the Vitamin D role on immunomodulation, inflammatory and autoimmune processes in GN.
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Zanuzo KÉ, Guareschi ZM, Detogni AC, Huning LP, Rodrigues PF, Porto EM, Grassiolli S, Amorim JPA. Physical exercise associated with vitamin D chronic supplementation reduces kidney injury induced by monosodium glutamate. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20201097. [PMID: 33331449 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020201097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the effects of chronic vitamin D (VD) supplementation associated with regular swimming over renal histomorphometric aspects in obese rats. Thirty Wistar male rats (5 days old) were used. Twenty four rats were given subcutaneous injections of monosodium glutamate (MSG; 4 g/kg), and six control rats were given an equimolar saline solution. At 21-days-old, the MSG-treated rats were randomly distributed among sedentary animals (S) and exercised (E, swimming; 3x/week). These groups were subdivided into groups orally supplemented with VD (12 μg/kg; 3x/week) or not supplemented (NS), totaling Five experimental groups (n = 6 rats/group): MSG, MSG-SVD, MSG-ENS, MSG-EVD and control groups. In MSG-obese rats, there was such as a decrease in the diameter of the, glomerular tuft, Bowman's capsule, Bowman's space areas, and renal cortical thickness, compared to the control group. In MSG-SVD, MSG-ENS, and MSG-EVD animals, there was an increase in the cortical thickness in relation to the MSG group. In MSG-ENS and MSG-EVD animals, there was a reduction of tubular degeneration in relation to the MSG group. We conclude that physical exercise associated with Vitamin D supplementation can prevent of renal injury, increasing the thickness of the renal cortex and decrease the tubular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- KÉsia Zanuzo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Saúde, Universidade Estaudual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rodovia Vitório Traiano, Km 02, Contorno Leste, Água Branca, 85601-970 Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil
| | - ZoÉ M Guareschi
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Fisiologia Metabólica, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Anna Caroliny Detogni
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Tecidual e da Reprodução, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Luiz Pierre Huning
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Fisiologia Metabólica, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Patrick F Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Fisiologia Metabólica, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Elaine M Porto
- Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Tecidual e da Reprodução, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grassiolli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Saúde, Universidade Estaudual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rodovia Vitório Traiano, Km 02, Contorno Leste, Água Branca, 85601-970 Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Fisiologia Metabólica, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
| | - JoÃo Paulo A Amorim
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Saúde, Universidade Estaudual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Rodovia Vitório Traiano, Km 02, Contorno Leste, Água Branca, 85601-970 Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil.,Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná/UNIOESTE, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia Tecidual e da Reprodução, Rua Universitária, 2069, Universitário, 85819-110 Cascavel, PR, Brazil
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Zhang C, Liu K, Hou J. Extending the vitamin D pathway to vitamin D 3 and CYP27A1 in periodontal ligament cells. J Periodontol 2020; 92:44-53. [PMID: 33107041 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In periodontal connective tissue cells, the vitamin D pathway has been elucidated, and vitamin D3 in the main storage form, 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25[OH]D3 ), and the functional form, 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2 D3 ), have been found to induce the expression of human cationic antimicrobial protein (hCAP-18)/LL-37. Moreover, synergistic effects between Toll-like receptor agonists and 25(OH)D3 have been reported. This research aimed at extending the vitamin D pathway to vitamin D3 and CYP27A1 in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) to further explore its function in periodontal inflammatory reaction. METHODS Vitamin D3 was used to stimulate hPDLCs in the presence or absence of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS). Conversely, CYP27A1 RNA interference was performed to further validate the findings. The mRNA expression of hCAP-18 was determined with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) were also detected. The cell supernatant levels of LL-37 were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Vitamin D3 significantly enhanced the generation of hCAP-18/LL-37. A combination of Pg-LPS and vitamin D3 significantly promoted hCAP-18/LL-37 expression. When the expression of CYP27A1 was knocked down with RNA interference, the induction of hCAP-18/LL-37 expression was significantly inhibited. Therefore, the mRNA levels of MCP-1 and IL-8 in hPDLCs were significantly decreased through the vitamin D pathway. CONCLUSION The vitamin D pathway from vitamin D3 to hCAP-18/LL-37 exists in hPDLCs, and CYP27A1 might be involved in periodontal immune defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Churen Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Kaining Liu
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxia Hou
- Department of Periodontology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Beijing, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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The Emerging Role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D Receptor in Diabetic Nephropathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4137268. [PMID: 32766307 PMCID: PMC7374227 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4137268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most common and severe microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM), is an important risk factor for DM patient's death. Nowadays, DN has become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in most countries without effective therapeutic methods. Recently, the renoprotective effects mediated by vitamin D (VD) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) have been evidenced. VD, a kind of steroid with the active form 1,25(OH)2D3, has been known for the crucial roles in the modulation of serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations. It exerts important functions by binding with its receptor VDR.VDR, a transcription factor located at chromosome 12 containing 9 exons, is one of the nonsteroid nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, which participates in transcriptional regulation of genes in tissue- and cell-specific ways. Increasing evidences have demonstrated that VD/VDR signaling pathway possesses a variety of kidney-protective effects in DN patients, such as antiproteinuria, antifibrosis, anti-inflammatory, and preventing podocyte damage. Although there are many studies on the role of the VD/VDR signaling pathway in DN, the effects and mechanisms still need to be further explained. This review summarized the multiple roles of VD/VDR in podocyte injury, tubule lesions, interstitial fibrosis, and inflammation, as well as the clinical applications about DN to explore much more and effective therapeutic methods for DN.
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Feng R, He MC, Li Q, Liang XQ, Tang DZ, Zhang JL, Liu SF, Lin FH, Zhang Y. Phenol glycosides extract of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi attenuated depressive-like behaviors by suppressing neuroinflammation in hypothalamus of mice. Phytother Res 2020; 34:3273-3286. [PMID: 32603019 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Depression is partially caused by inflammation in central nervous system. This study investigated the ameliorative effects of phenol glycosides (PG) from Ligustrum lucidum Ait. (Oleaceae) on neuroinflammation and depressive-like behavior in mice hypothalamus as well as the molecular mechanism. Mice were administered with PG extract for 2 weeks prior to treatment with LPS. The mice treated with PG extract showed resistance to LPS-induced reduction in body weight and LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors shown by sucrose preference, tail suspension test, forced swimming test and open field test. LPS-induced activation of microglial cells and elevation in protein expression of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, RANTES and MCP-1 in hypothalamus of mice were abrogated by pre-treatment with PG extract. This extract down-regulated expression of TLR4, MyD88, NLRP3, renin and angiotensin II and decreased proportional area of Iba-1+ microglias in hypothalamus. Pre-treatment with PG extract inhibited LPS-triggered activation of CaSR/Gα11 signaling, stimulated 1-OHase expression in hypothalamus, and enhanced circulating 1,25(OH)2 D3 level. Overall, pre-treatment with PG extract ameliorated LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors by repressing neuroinflammation in mice hypothalamus which was attributed to its suppression on activation of microglia and production of inflammatory cytokines via acting on TLR4 pathway, CaSR and RAS cascade associated with improving vitamin D metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming-Chao He
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Liang
- Institute of Chinese Traditional Surgery, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - De-Zhi Tang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Li Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Fen Liu
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu-Hui Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic, Shenzhen Pingle Orthopaedic Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Spine Disease Research Institute, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Theory and Therapy of Muscles and Bones, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
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Renoprotective effects of vitamin D3 supplementation in a rat model of metabolic syndrome. Eur J Nutr 2020; 60:299-316. [PMID: 32322970 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02249-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study aimed to investigate the potential nephroprotective effects of vitamin D3 in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and the molecular basis of the underlying mechanisms of its action. METHODS MetS was induced in adult male Wistar rats by adding fructose (10%) to every day drinking water and salt (3%) to the diet. Six weeks after fructose/salt consumption, fasting serum lipid profile and uric acid levels were determined, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and kidney function was checked. MetS rats were then treated orally with vitamin D3 (10 µg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. At the end of the study period (12 weeks), the OGTT test was reperformed, anthropometrical parameters were measured, urine, blood and tissue samples were collected and the animals were euthanised. RESULTS The incidence of MetS was confirmed 6 weeks after fructose/salt consumption, when the rats exhibited significant weight gain, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and impaired glucose tolerance. After 12 weeks, MetS rats displayed markedly declined renal function alongside with extravagant renal histopathological damages and interstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, significantly enhanced renal oxidative stress and inflammation were manifested. Vitamin D3 supplementation in MetS rats significantly reversed all the above-mentioned deleterious effects. CONCLUSION The study has indeed provided mounting evidence of the promising therapeutic potential of vitamin D3 against development and progression of MetS-induced nephropathy. A new insight has been introduced into the crucial role of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibition and sirtuin-1/5'adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase activation in the renoprotective effects of vitamin D3.
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Protective Role of Vitamin D in Renal Tubulopathies. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10030115. [PMID: 32204545 PMCID: PMC7142711 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10030115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is tightly linked with renal tubular homeostasis: the mitochondria of proximal convoluted tubule cells are the production site of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Patients with renal impairment or tubular injury often suffer from chronic inflammation. This alteration comes from oxidative stress, acidosis, decreased clearance of inflammatory cytokines and stimulation of inflammatory factors. The challenge is to find the right formula for each patient to correctly modulate the landscape of treatment and preserve the essential functions of the organism without perturbating its homeostasis. The complexity of the counter-regulation mechanisms and the different axis involved in the Vitamin D equilibrium pose a major issue on Vitamin D as a potential effective anti-inflammatory drug. The therapeutic use of this compound should be able to inhibit the development of inflammation without interfering with normal homeostasis. Megalin-Cubilin-Amnionless and the FGF23-Klotho axis represent two Vitamin D-linked mechanisms that could modulate and ameliorate the damage response at the renal tubular level, balancing Vitamin D therapy with an effect potent enough to contrast the inflammatory cascades, but which avoids potential severe side effects.
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Li Y, Ding S. Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and the risk of mortality in adult patients with Sepsis: a meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:189. [PMID: 32131740 PMCID: PMC7057612 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-4879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D deficiency has been related to the risk of sepsis. However, previous studies showed inconsistent results regarding the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) and mortality risk in septic patients. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum 25 (OH) D at admission and mortality risk in adult patients in a meta-analysis. Methods Follow-up studies that provided data of multivariate adjusted relative risk (RR) between serum 25 (OH) D and mortality risk in septic patients were retrieved via systematic search of PubMed and Embase databases. A random effect model was used to pool the results. Results Eight studies with 1736 patients were included. Results of overall meta-analysis showed that lower 25 (OH) D at admission was independently associated with increased risk or mortality (adjusted RR: 1.93, p < 0.001; I2 = 63%) in patients with sepsis. Exploring subgroup association showed that patients with severe vitamin D deficiency (25 (OH) D < 10 ng/ml) was significantly associated with higher mortality risk (adjusted RR: 1.92, p < 0.001), but the associations were not significant for vitamin D insufficiency (25 (OH) D 20~30 ng/ml) or deficiency (25 (OH) D 10~20 ng/ml). Further analyses showed that the association between lower serum 25 (OH) D and higher mortality risk were consistent in studies applied different diagnostic criteria for sepsis (systemic inflammatory response syndrome, Sepsis-2.0, or Sepsis-3.0), short-term (within 1 month) and long-term studies (3~12 months), and in prospective and retrospective studies. Conclusions Severe vitamin D deficiency may be independently associated with increased mortality in adult patients with sepsis. Large-scale prospective studies are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Chest Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250002, China
| | - Shifang Ding
- Division of Intensive Care Unit, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, No. 107, Wenhua West Road 107, Lixia District, Jinan, 250002, China.
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Carré J, Suzuki T, Paus R. Do hair follicles operate as primitive, multifocal kidney‐like excretory (mini‐) organs? Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:357-365. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐Luc Carré
- Département de Biochimie et Pharmaco‐Toxicologie Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche CHRU Brest France
- EA 4685 Laboratoire des Interactions Epithelium ‐ Neurones University of Brest Brest France
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
- Department of Dermatology Hamamatsu University School of Medicine Hamamatsu Japan
| | - Ralf Paus
- Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami FL USA
- Centre for Dermatology Research University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Monasterium Laboratory Münster Germany
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Hu Z, Zhang H, Yi B, Yang S, Liu J, Hu J, Wang J, Cao K, Zhang W. VDR activation attenuate cisplatin induced AKI by inhibiting ferroptosis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:73. [PMID: 31996668 PMCID: PMC6989512 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Our preliminary work has revealed that vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation is protective against cisplatin induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Ferroptosis was recently reported to be involved in AKI. Here in this study, we investigated the internal relation between ferroptosis and the protective effect of VDR in cisplatin induced AKI. By using ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 and measurement of ferroptotic cell death phenotype in both in vivo and in vitro cisplatin induced AKI model, we observed the decreased blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and tissue injury by ferrostatin-1, hence validated the essential involvement of ferroptosis in cisplatin induced AKI. VDR agonist paricalcitol could both functionally and histologically attenuate cisplatin induced AKI by decreasing lipid peroxidation (featured phenotype of ferroptosis), biomarker 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), and malondialdehyde (MDA), while reversing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4, key regulator of ferroptosis) downregulation. VDR knockout mouse exhibited much more ferroptotic cell death and worsen kidney injury than wild type mice. And VDR deficiency remarkably decreased the expression of GPX4 under cisplatin stress in both in vivo and in vitro, further luciferase reporter gene assay showed that GPX4 were target gene of transcription factor VDR. In addition, in vitro study showed that GPX4 inhibition by siRNA largely abolished the protective effect of paricalcitol against cisplatin induced tubular cell injury. Besides, pretreatment of paricalcitol could also alleviated Erastin (an inducer of ferroptosis) induced cell death in HK-2 cell. These data suggested that ferroptosis plays an important role in cisplatin induced AKI. VDR activation can protect against cisplatin induced renal injury by inhibiting ferroptosis partly via trans-regulation of GPX4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianwen Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
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Almeida YE, Fessel MR, do Carmo LS, Jorgetti V, Farias-Silva E, Pescatore LA, Gamarra LF, Andrade MC, Simplicio-Filho A, Mangueira CLP, Rangel ÉB, Liberman M. Excessive cholecalciferol supplementation increases kidney dysfunction associated with intrarenal artery calcification in obese insulin-resistant mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:87. [PMID: 31919470 PMCID: PMC6952360 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55501-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus accelerates vascular calcification (VC) and increases the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Nevertheless, the impact of VC in renal disease progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is poorly understood. We addressed the effect of VC and mechanisms involved in renal dysfunction in a murine model of insulin resistance and obesity (ob/ob), comparing with their healthy littermates (C57BL/6). We analyzed VC and renal function in both mouse strains after challenging them with Vitamin D3 (VitD3). Although VitD3 similarly increased serum calcium and induced bone disease in both strains, 24-hour urine volume and creatinine pronouncedly decreased only in ob/ob mice. Moreover, ob/ob increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR), indicating kidney dysfunction. In parallel, ob/ob developed extensive intrarenal VC after VitD3. Coincidently with increased intrarenal vascular mineralization, our results demonstrated that Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) was highly expressed in these arteries exclusively in ob/ob. These data depict a greater susceptibility of ob/ob mice to develop renal disease after VitD3 in comparison to paired C57BL/6. In conclusion, this study unfolds novel mechanisms of progressive renal dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (DM) after VitD3 in vivo associated with increased intrarenal VC and highlights possible harmful effects of long-term supplementation of VitD3 in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youri E Almeida
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo/SP, 01425001, Brazil
| | - Melissa R Fessel
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo/SP, 01425001, Brazil
| | | | - Vanda Jorgetti
- Department of Nephrology, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, 01246000, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Alves Pescatore
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo/SP, 01425001, Brazil
- Laboratório de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64, InCor, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
| | - Lionel F Gamarra
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo/SP, 01425001, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Érika B Rangel
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo/SP, 01425001, Brazil
| | - Marcel Liberman
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo/SP, 01425001, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Biologia Vascular, LIM-64, InCor, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
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Nakhoul N, Thawko T, Farber E, Dahan I, Tadmor H, Nakhoul R, Hanut A, Salameh G, Shagrawy I, Nakhoul F. The Therapeutic Effect of Active Vitamin D Supplementation in Preventing the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy in a Diabetic Mouse Model. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:7907605. [PMID: 33294462 PMCID: PMC7714593 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7907605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and replacement therapy worldwide. Vitamin D levels in DN patients are very low due to the decrease in the synthesis and activity of 1-α hydroxylase in the proximal tubule cells and decrease in the vitamin D receptor abundance. To date, few studies have shown the antioxidant effects of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] on hyperglycemia-induced renal injury. The selective activator of the vitamin D receptor, paricalcitol, reduces proteinuria and slows the progression of kidney injury. The precise mechanism through which vitamin D affects diabetic status and provides kidney protection remains to be determined. METHODS Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced in 94 8-week-old DBA/2J mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). DM mice were randomly divided into receiving vehicle or treatment with paricalcitol, the active vitamin D analog, 1 week after DM induction or paricalcitol treatment 3 weeks after DM induction. An additional control group of healthy wild-type mice was not treated. Urine albumin, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine levels were measured before and at the end of the paricalcitol treatment. Periodic acid-Schiff, immunohistochemistry staining, and western blot of the renal tissues of vitamin D receptor, villin, nephrin, and podocin expressions, were analyzed. RESULTS Paricalcitol treatment restored villin, nephrin, and podocin protein levels that were downregulated upon DM induction, and reduced fibronectin protein level. Vitamin D receptor activation by paricalcitol may reduce proteinuria of DN in mice and alleviate high-glucose-induced injury of kidney podocytes by regulating the key molecules such nephrin-podocin. CONCLUSIONS Paricalcitol treatment was associated with improved structural changes in type 1 diabetic mice including upregulation of vitamin D receptor expression, and decreased fibrosis markers such as fibronectin. These effects may contribute to the consistent benefit of vitamin D analog to slow the deterioration in glomerular function and reduce the risk of ESRD in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Our results suggest that additional use of paricalcitol may be beneficial in treating patients with diabetes under standard therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakhoul Nakhoul
- The Diabetes & Metabolism Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
- Ophthalmology, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Tina Thawko
- The Diabetes & Metabolism Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Evgeny Farber
- Nephrology & Hypertension Division, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Inbal Dahan
- The Diabetes & Metabolism Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Hagar Tadmor
- The Diabetes & Metabolism Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | | | - Anaam Hanut
- Nephrology & Hypertension Division, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ghasan Salameh
- The Diabetes & Metabolism Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Ibrahim Shagrawy
- Pathology Division, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
| | - Farid Nakhoul
- The Diabetes & Metabolism Lab, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
- Nephrology & Hypertension Division, Baruch Padeh Poriya Medical Center, Lower Galilee, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Li A, Zhang H, Han H, Zhang W, Yang S, Huang Z, Tan J, Yi B. LC3 promotes the nuclear translocation of the vitamin D receptor and decreases fibrogenic gene expression in proximal renal tubules. Metabolism 2019; 98:95-103. [PMID: 31226352 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Vitamin D receptor (VDR) belongs to the nuclear receptor superfamily and exerts a renoprotective effect through inhibiting fibrosis. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3), a key regulator of autophagy, is abundant in the nucleus, although its primary function is in the cytoplasm. The role of nuclear LC3 and the mechanism by which LC3 shuttles between the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm has not been fully elucidated. We found that LC3 binds to VDR in an LC3-interacting region (LIR)-independent manner and promotes the nuclear translocation of VDR. Further study indicated that LC3 promotes the formation of the VDR:retinoid X receptor (RXR) heterodimer and inhibits fibrogenic genes expression in HK-2 cells induced by high glucose. Our result demonstrates that LC3 is a negative regulator of high glucose-induced fibrogenic genes expression through its ability to promote VDR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimei Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Hailong Han
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Shikun Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhijun Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacology, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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