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Chiarpenello C, Brodmann K. What can the psychoneuroimmunology of yoga teach us about depression's psychopathology? Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 42:100877. [PMID: 39430877 PMCID: PMC11489066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression, the most prevailing mental health condition, remains untreated in over 30% of patients. This cluster presents with sub-clinical inflammation. Investigations trialling anti-inflammatory medications had mixed results. The lack of results may result from inflammation's complexity and targeting only a few of depression's abnormal pathways. Mind-body therapies' biological and neuro-imaging studies offer valuable insights into depression psychopathology. Interestingly, mind-body therapies, like yoga, reverse the aberrant pathways in depression. These aberrant pathways include decreased cognitive function, interoception, neuroplasticity, salience and default mode networks connectivity, parasympathetic tone, increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity, and metabolic hyper/hypofunction. Abundant evidence found yogic techniques improving self-reported depressive symptoms across various populations. Yoga may be more effective in treating depression in conjunction with pharmacological and cognitive therapies. Yoga's psychoneuroimmunology teaches us that reducing allostatic load is crucial in improving depressive symptoms. Mind-body therapies promote parasympathetic tone, downregulate the HPA axis, reduce inflammation and boost immunity. The reduced inflammation promotes neuroplasticity and, subsequently, neurogenesis. Improving interoception resolves the metabolic needs prediction error and restores homeostasis. Additionally, by improving functional connectivity within the salience network, they restore the dynamic switching between the default mode and central executive networks, reducing rumination and mind-wandering. Future investigations should engineer therapies targeting the mechanisms mentioned above. The creation of multi-disciplinary health teams offering a combination of pharmacological, gene, neurofeedback, behavioural, mind-body and psychological therapies may treat treatment-resistant depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola Chiarpenello
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Brodmann
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Palepu MSK, Bhalerao HA, Sonti R, Dandekar MP. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, FOS and GOS loaded synbiotic reverses treatment-resistant depression in rats: Restoration of gut-brain crosstalk. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:176960. [PMID: 39214274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Alterations in commensal gut microbiota, such as butyrate-producing bacteria and its metabolites, have been linked to stress-related brain disorders, including depression. Herein, we investigated the effect of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (ATCC-27766) administered along with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in a rat model of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The behavioral changes related to anxiety-, anhedonia- and despair-like phenotypes were recorded employing elevated plus maze, sucrose-preference test, and forced-swim test, respectively. Rats exposed to unpredictable chronic mild-stress (UCMS) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) injections exhibited a TRD-like phenotype. Six-week administration of F. prausnitzii and FOS + GOS ameliorated TRD-like conditions in rats. This synbiotic treatment also restored the decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate in the fecal samples of TRD rats. Synbiotic-recipient TRD rats displayed an increased abundance of Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus hamsteri, and Ruminococcus flavefaciens. Moreover, more mucus-producing goblet cells were seen in the colon of synbiotic-treated rats, suggesting improved gut health. The synbiotic treatment effectively modulated neuroinflammation by reducing proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, CRP, and IL-6). It normalized the altered levels of key neurotransmitters such as serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, noradrenaline, and dopamine in the hippocampus and/or frontal cortex. The enhanced expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tryptophan hydroxylase 1, and serotonin transporter-3 (SERT-3), and reduced levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO-1) and kynurenine metabolite were observed in the synbiotic-treated group. We suggest that F. prausnitzii and FOS + GOS-loaded synbiotic may reverse the TRD-like symptoms in rats by positively impacting gut health, neuroinflammation, neurotransmitters, and gut microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Surya Kumar Palepu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Harshada Anil Bhalerao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajesh Sonti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Manoj P Dandekar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
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Madsen CA, Navarro ML, Elfving B, Kessing LV, Castrén E, Mikkelsen JD, Knudsen GM. The effect of antidepressant treatment on blood BDNF levels in depressed patients: A review and methodological recommendations for assessment of BDNF in blood. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2024; 87:35-55. [PMID: 39079257 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent psychiatric disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a signaling protein responsible for promoting neuroplasticity, is highly expressed in the central nervous system but can also be found in the blood. Since impaired brain plasticity is considered a cornerstone in the pathophysiology of MDD, measurement of BDNF in blood has been proposed as a potential biomarker in MDD. The aim of our study is to systematically review the literature for the effects of antidepressant treatments on blood BDNF levels in MDD and the suitability of blood BDNF as a biomarker for depression severity and antidepressant response. We searched Pubmed® and Cochrane library up to March 2024 in a systematic manner using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). The search resulted in a total of 42 papers, of which 30 were included in this systematic review. Generally, we found that patients with untreated MDD have a lower blood BDNF level than healthy controls. Antidepressant treatments increase blood BDNF levels, and more evidently after pharmacological than non-pharmacological treatment. Neither baseline nor change in the blood BDNF level correlates with depression severity or treatment outcome, which undermines its use as a biomarker in MDD. Our review also highlights the importance of considering factors influencing the accuracy and reproducibility of BDNF measurements. We summarize considerations to help obtain more robust blood BDNF values and compile a list of recommendations to help streamline assessment of blood BDNF levels in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara A Madsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miriam L Navarro
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Lars V Kessing
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Psychiatric Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eero Castrén
- Neuroscience Center / HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jens D Mikkelsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gitte M Knudsen
- Neurobiology Research Unit, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Austelle CW, Sege CT, Kahn AT, Gregoski MJ, Taylor DL, McTeague LM, Short EB, Badran BW, George MS. Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Attenuates Early Increases in Heart Rate Associated With the Cold Pressor Test. Neuromodulation 2024; 27:1227-1233. [PMID: 37642625 PMCID: PMC11218682 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurom.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) may be useful in treating disorders characterized by chronic parasympathetic disinhibition. Acute taVNS decreases resting heart rate in healthy individuals, but little is known regarding the effects of taVNS on the cardiac response to an acute stressor. To investigate effects on the acute stress response, we investigated how taVNS affected heart rate changes during a cold pressor test (CPT), a validated stress induction technique that reliably elicits a sympathetic stress response with marked increases in heart rate, anxiety, stress, and pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 24 healthy adults (ten women, mean age = 29 years) to participate in this randomized, crossover, exploratory trial. Each subject completed two taVNS treatments (one active, one sham) paired with CPTs in the same session. Order of active versus sham stimulation was randomized. Heart rate, along with ratings of anxiety, stress, and pain, was collected before, during, and after each round of taVNS/sham + CPT. RESULTS In both stimulation conditions, heart rate was elevated from baseline in response to the CPT. Analyses also revealed a difference between active and sham taVNS during the first 40 seconds of the CPT (Δ heart rate [HR] = 12.75 ± 7.85 in the active condition; Δ HR = 16.09 ± 11.43 in the sham condition, p = 0.044). There were no significant differences in subjective ratings between active and sham taVNS. CONCLUSIONS In this randomized, sham-controlled study, taVNS attenuated initial increases in HR in response to the CPT. Future studies are needed to investigate the effects of various taVNS doses and parameters on the CPT, in addition to other forms of stress induction. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The Clinicaltrials.gov registration number for the study is NCT00113453.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christopher T Sege
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Alex T Kahn
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mathew J Gregoski
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Danielle L Taylor
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Lisa M McTeague
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Edward Baron Short
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bashar W Badran
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Mark S George
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA; Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, USA
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Wang Y, Shi G, Zeng Y, Li J, Wu Y, Zheng J, Xu A, Ma Y, Zhang L, Li H. Antidepressant Effect and Mechanism of Picea mariana Essential Oil on Reserpine-Induced Depression Model Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1778-1788. [PMID: 39113199 PMCID: PMC11473511 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2405.05013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The disturbance of brain biochemical substances serves as a primary cause and aggravating factor of depression. This study aimed to investigate the principal components of Picea mariana and its effect on reserpine-induced depression mice,w ith its relationship with brain central transmitters and related proteins. The main constituents of P. mariana essential oil (PMEO) were analyzed by GC-MS spectrometry. The quiescent time in the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST), along with the weight change of the mice was detected. The number of normal neurons was quantified through Nissl staining. Immunohistochemistry was employed to determine the levels of 5HT-1A and 5HT-2A in the brain. Western blotting was utilized to detect 5HT-2A, CRF and TrkB protein levels. RT-qPCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of 5HT-1A, 5HT-2A, TrkB, CRF, and BDNF. The main active ingredients of PMEOs were (-) -bornyl acetate (44.95%), γ-Terpinene (14.17%), and β-Pinene (10.12%). PMEOs effectively improved the retardation and weight loss due to anorexia in depression-like mice. This improvement was associated with an increase in the number of normal neurons. After administering different doses of PMEOs, the levels of 5HT-1A, 5HT-2A, CRF, and TrkB were found to be increased in brain tissue. RT-qPCR revealed that the mRNA levels of CRF, 5HT-1A, and 5HT-2A were generally upregulated, whereas TrkB and BDNF were downregulated. PMEO can effectively alleviate depression induced by reserpine, which may be attributed to its regulation of 5HT-1A, 5HT-2A, CRF and TrkB protein expression, thus reducing brain nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Guofeng Shi
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yixi Zeng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Juting Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yongyu Wu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiahui Zheng
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Anjing Xu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Ma
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Institute of Guangdong Geriatric, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
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Kokori E, Aderinto N, Olatunji G, Komolafe R, Abraham IC, Babalola AE, Aboje JE, Ukoaka BM, Samuel O, Ayodeji A, Omoworare O, Olatunji D. Maternal and fetal neurocognitive outcomes in preeclampsia and eclampsia; a narrative review of current evidence. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:470. [PMID: 39342384 PMCID: PMC11437679 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-02070-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, present significant risks to maternal and fetal health. While immediate complications are well-documented, emerging research highlights potential neurocognitive impacts on both mothers and their offspring. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on these neurocognitive outcomes associated with HDP, focusing on preeclampsia and eclampsia. A literature search was conducted for studies published from 2000 to February 2024. Maternal outcomes, including memory, executive function, and psychosocial well-being, were assessed across 11 studies, while fetal and neonatal neurocognitive outcomes were explored in five studies. Consistent findings indicate that preeclampsia and eclampsia are linked to impairments in maternal cognitive functions and psychosocial health. Offspring exposed to these conditions in utero also show cognitive deficits and alterations in brain connectivity. Contributing factors include placental dysfunction, altered angiokine levels, maternal stress, and socioeconomic variables. To mitigate these impacts, future research should focus on clarifying the underlying mechanisms and developing early interventions. This review emphasizes the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches to improve neurocognitive outcomes for both mothers and their children affected by preeclampsia and eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Kokori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Nicholas Aderinto
- Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 5000, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
| | - Gbolahan Olatunji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Rosemary Komolafe
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | | | - John Ehi Aboje
- College of Health Sciences, Benue State University, Benue, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Akinmeji Ayodeji
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun, Nigeria
| | | | - Doyin Olatunji
- Department of Health Sciences, Western Illinois University, Macomb, USA
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Zhang Y, Jin Y, Zhao N, Wang T, Wang X, Li Z, Yan Y. Mechanistic insights into Suanzaoren Decoction's improvement of cardiac contractile function in anxiety-induced cardiac insufficiency. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 337:118860. [PMID: 39341264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE According to traditional Chinese medicine, Anxiety-induced cardiac blood insufficiency leads to palpitations and restlessness. Suanzaoren Decoction (SD) is effective in replenishing blood and promoting blood circulation. Clinical practice has shown that it has a better therapeutic effect on cardiac insufficiency. However, its mechanism of action is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aims to determine the mechanism by which SD treats chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced anxiety-induced cardiac insufficiency (ACI). MATERIALS AND METHODS SD was orally administered to mice with CRS-induced ACI. Firstly, we constructed an anxiety model in mice by CRS. Subsequently, SD was investigated to assess cardiac function and pathological changes through echocardiography, H&E staining, and Masson staining. Thirdly, the function of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves was evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enzyme activity assays. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were employed to predict potential targets for SD treatment of cardiac insufficiency. CaMKII expression was scrutinized utilizing publicly accessible databases. CaMKII was identified as a target through immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis in mouse hearts. Finally, the therapeutic mechanism of SD was confirmed in injured cardiomyocytes via Western Blot and quantitative PCR. RESULTS SD exerted anxiolytic effects by increasing the frequency of entries into and the duration spent in open arms while reducing the time spent in the light chamber and increasing the number of transitions between light and dark chambers. Additionally, it mitigated cardiac insufficiency, as evidenced by the enhancement of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and attenuation of cardiomyocyte damage and inflammatory infiltration. However, SD did not alleviate the elevated norepinephrine (NE) and decreased Acetylcholine (Ach) in anxiety states. To investigate the mechanism of action of SD, we constructed a Drug-Component-Target-Disease network, identifying 13 potential active compounds. Additionally, leveraging bioinformatics analysis and molecular docking targeting heart diseases characterized by clinical left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), we focused on the CaMKII target. The ability of SD to modulate CaMKII expression and phosphorylation in the mouse heart was investigated using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. SD was found to alleviate NE-injured cardiomyocytes by modulating the Ca2+/CaMKII/MEF2 and GATA4 pathways. CONCLUSION SD is a potential formula for the treatment of chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced ACI that ameliorates cardiomyocyte injury and improves cardiac function. Its efficacy is associated with the inhibition of the Ca2+/CaMKII/MEF2 and GATA4 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjie Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Guangxi Normal University), Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Yue Jin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Ni Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xuanlin Wang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China.
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Kim J, Kim H, Kim JE, Yoo Y, Moon JY. Evaluation of thoracic sympathetic ganglion block as a predictor for response to ketamine infusion therapy and spinal cord stimulation in patients with chronic upper extremity pain. PAIN MEDICINE (MALDEN, MASS.) 2024; 25:553-562. [PMID: 38724239 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the predictive value of thoracic sympathetic ganglion block (TSGB) in response to ketamine infusion therapy (KIT) and spinal-cord stimulation (SCS) in patients with chronic upper-extremity pain including complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). DESIGN Retrospective. SETTING Tertiary hospital single-center. SUBJECTS Patients who underwent TSGB receiving KIT or SCS within a 3-year window. METHODS Positive TSGB outcomes were defined as ≥2 0-10 Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score reduction at 2 weeks post-procedure. Positive KIT and SCS outcomes were determined by ≥2 NRS score reduction at 2-4 weeks post-KIT and ≥4 NRS score reduction at 2-4 weeks post-SCS implantation, respectively. RESULTS Among 207 patients who underwent TSGB, 38 received KIT and 34 underwent SCS implantation within 3 years post-TSGB; 33 patients receiving KIT and 32 patients receiving SCS were included. Among 33 patients who received KIT, 60.6% (n = 20) reported a ≥ 2 0-10 NRS pain-score reduction. Positive response to TSGB occurred in 70.0% (n = 14) KIT responders, significantly higher than that in 30.8% (n = 4) KIT non-responders. Multivariable analysis revealed a positive association between positive responses to TSGB and KIT (OR 7.004, 95% CI 1.26-39.02). Among 32 patients who underwent SCS implantation, 68.8% (n = 22) experienced short-term effectiveness. Positive response to TSGB was significantly higher in SCS responders (45.5%, n = 10) than in non-responders (0.0%). However, there were no associations between pain reduction post-TSGB and that post-KIT or post-SCS. CONCLUSIONS A positive response to TSGB is a potential predictor for positive KIT and SCS outcomes among patients with chronic upper-extremity pain, including CRPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeongsoo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hangaram Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongjae Yoo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Youn Moon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
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Merrigan JJ, Klatt M, Quatman-Yates C, Emerson A, Kronenberg J, Orr M, Caputo J, Daniel K, Summers R, Mulugeta Y, Steinberg B, Hagen JA. Incorporating biofeedback into the Mindfulness in Motion Intervention for health care professionals: Impact on sleep and stress. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:103022. [PMID: 38981179 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2024.103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Health care providers (HCP) experience high stress and burnout rates. Mindfulness Based Interventions (MBI) with biofeedback may help improve resiliency but require further research. DESIGN AND STUDY PARTICIPANTS Aims were to evaluate changes in sleep patterns, nocturnal physiology, stress, mood disturbances, and perceived experience with biofeedback during the Mindfulness in Motion (MIM) intervention. Data from 66 HCP were included after removing those below 75 % compliance with wearable sensors and wellness surveys. Participants were enrolled in MIM, including eight weekly one-hour virtually delivered synchronous group meetings and ∼10 min of mindfulness home practice at least 3 times per week using a mobile application. Participants wore wearable sensors to monitor sleep and nocturnal physiology and completed short daily stress and mood disturbances. RESULTS According to mixed effect models, no sleep nor physiological metrics changed across MIM (p > 0.05). More time was spent in bed after MIM sessions (8.33±1.03 h) compared to night before (8.05±0.93 h; p = 0.040). Heart rate variability was lower nights after MIM (33.00±15.59 ms) compared to nights before (34.50±17.04 ms; p = 0.004) but was not clinically meaningful (effect= 0.033). Significant reductions were noted in perceived stress at weeks 3 through 8 compared to Baseline and lower Total Mood Disturbance at weeks 3, 5, 6, and 8 compared to Baseline (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Participating in the MIM with mobile applications and wearable sensors reduced perceived stress and mood disturbances but did not induce physiological changes. Additional research is warranted to further evaluate objective physiological outcomes while controlling for confounding variables (e.g., alcohol, medications).
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J Merrigan
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Maryanna Klatt
- Center for Integrative Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Gabbe Health and Wellbeing, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Catherine Quatman-Yates
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Physical Therapy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Angela Emerson
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jamie Kronenberg
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Morgan Orr
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jacqueline Caputo
- Center for Integrative Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kayla Daniel
- Center for Integrative Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Riley Summers
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Physical Therapy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yulia Mulugeta
- Center for Integrative Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Beth Steinberg
- Center for Integrative Health, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA; Gabbe Health and Wellbeing, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Joshua A Hagen
- Human Performance Collaborative, Office of Research, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Integrated Systems Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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10
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Ikeda S, Ikeda A, Yamagishi K, Muraki I, Matsumura T, Kihara T, Sankai T, Takada M, Okada T, Kiyama M, Imano H, Iso H, Tanigawa T. Relationship between Ikigai and longitudinal changes in serum HDL cholesterol levels: the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS). Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:270. [PMID: 39198821 PMCID: PMC11351031 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Having positive psychological well-being has been associated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), but no longitudinal study to date has examined the association between Ikigai and serum HDLC. Therefore, we examined the association between Ikigai and change in serum HDLC over time using a cohort dataset spanning 2010-2018. METHODS The study included 471 men and 776 women aged 40-74 years who underwent a cardiovascular examination in 2010 and were asked their levels of Ikigai. We combined "definitely yes" and "yes" as "with Ikigai" and recorded "a little" as "with a little Ikigai" and "no" as "without Ikigai". We measured serum HDLC using direct methods. The association between Ikigai and serum HDLC levels at baseline, and changes in this relationship during an eight-year period, were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models. RESULTS At the baseline, relative to those without Ikigai, women with Ikigai had higher serum HDLC (baseline difference in those with a little Ikigai = 7.52 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12 to 13.9 and in those with Ikigai = 8.11 mg/dl, 95% CI: 1.54 to 14.7). The difference in serum HDLC between women with and without Ikigai remained over the eight-year follow-up period. There were no similar Ikigai-associated differences in the serum HDLC of men. CONCLUSIONS Women with Ikigai showed differences in serum HDLC that were observed at baseline and persisted over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Ikeda
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ai Ikeda
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Insitute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
- Ibaraki Western Medical Center, 555 Otsuka, Chikusei, Ibaraki, 308-0813, Japan
| | - Isao Muraki
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takumi Matsumura
- Department of Public health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kihara
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Insitute of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sankai
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 2 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005, Japan
| | - Midori Takada
- Department of Public Health and Health Systems, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takeo Okada
- Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, 1-6-107 Morinomiya, Jyoto-Ku, Osaka, Osaka, 536-8588, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kiyama
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hironori Imano
- Department of Public health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Ohnohigashi, Osakasayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Institute for Global Health Policy Research, Bureau of International Health Cooperation, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanigawa
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan.
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11
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Razavi M, Ziyadidegan S, Mahmoudzadeh A, Kazeminasab S, Baharlouei E, Janfaza V, Jahromi R, Sasangohar F. Machine Learning, Deep Learning, and Data Preprocessing Techniques for Detecting, Predicting, and Monitoring Stress and Stress-Related Mental Disorders: Scoping Review. JMIR Ment Health 2024; 11:e53714. [PMID: 39167782 PMCID: PMC11375388 DOI: 10.2196/53714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental stress and its consequent mental health disorders (MDs) constitute a significant public health issue. With the advent of machine learning (ML), there is potential to harness computational techniques for better understanding and addressing mental stress and MDs. This comprehensive review seeks to elucidate the current ML methodologies used in this domain to pave the way for enhanced detection, prediction, and analysis of mental stress and its subsequent MDs. OBJECTIVE This review aims to investigate the scope of ML methodologies used in the detection, prediction, and analysis of mental stress and its consequent MDs. METHODS Using a rigorous scoping review process with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines, this investigation delves into the latest ML algorithms, preprocessing techniques, and data types used in the context of stress and stress-related MDs. RESULTS A total of 98 peer-reviewed publications were examined for this review. The findings highlight that support vector machine, neural network, and random forest models consistently exhibited superior accuracy and robustness among all ML algorithms examined. Physiological parameters such as heart rate measurements and skin response are prevalently used as stress predictors due to their rich explanatory information concerning stress and stress-related MDs, as well as the relative ease of data acquisition. The application of dimensionality reduction techniques, including mappings, feature selection, filtering, and noise reduction, is frequently observed as a crucial step preceding the training of ML algorithms. CONCLUSIONS The synthesis of this review identified significant research gaps and outlines future directions for the field. These encompass areas such as model interpretability, model personalization, the incorporation of naturalistic settings, and real-time processing capabilities for the detection and prediction of stress and stress-related MDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Razavi
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Samira Ziyadidegan
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Ahmadreza Mahmoudzadeh
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Saber Kazeminasab
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elaheh Baharlouei
- Department of Computer Science, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vahid Janfaza
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Reza Jahromi
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Farzan Sasangohar
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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12
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Reznik E, Torjani A. Mechanisms of stress-attributed breast cancer incidence and progression. Cancer Causes Control 2024:10.1007/s10552-024-01884-2. [PMID: 39012513 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths in women, with psychosocial stress commonly cited by patients as one of its causes. While there is conflicting epidemiological evidence investigating the association between psychosocial stress and breast cancer incidence and progression, there is reason to believe that interventions aimed at reducing stress pharmacologically or psychologically may improve breast cancer outcomes. The aim of this review is to discuss the molecular and biological mechanisms of stress-attributed breast cancer incidence and progression, including the induction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), as well as decreased immune function and stress hormone-induced resistance to chemotherapy. Moreover, these mechanisms have been cited as potential therapeutic targets of pharmacologic and psychological interventions that may improve the care, well-being and survival of breast cancer patients. Further research is recommended to investigate whether interventions in the primary care setting for women with risk factors for breast cancer development may lead to a decreased incidence of invasive breast tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Reznik
- Department of Internal Medicine, NewYork-Presbyterian Weill Cornell, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ava Torjani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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13
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Leo DG, Keller SS, Proietti R. "Close your eyes and relax": the role of hypnosis in reducing anxiety, and its implications for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1411835. [PMID: 39035095 PMCID: PMC11258040 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1411835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is the most common form of mental health disorder, affecting millions of people worldwide. Psychosocial interventions such as mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) have been suggested as an effective treatment in the management of general anxiety and anxiety disorders, with emerging evidence also suggesting the effectiveness of hypnosis. Moreover, anxiety has shown to be linked to the onset and development of several cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which are the leading cause of global death. In this paper, we review the current literature to examine the role that anxiety has on the onset and development of CVD and summarize the current knowledge on the role that hypnosis and hypnotherapy have in reducing anxiety, also explaining how this can impact the cardiovascular system and the prevention of CVD. Review of the evidence suggests that hypnosis and hypnotherapy are effective in treating anxiety and may positively affect the heart and the cardiovascular system, reducing sympathetic activation and increasing parasympathetic tone, potentially preventing the onset of CVD related to increased sympathetic activation. However, further studies are required to further understand how hypnosis and hypnotherapy affect the cardiovascular system through investigation of the neurophysiological components of the hypnotic state and of the mind-body relationship. Healthcare systems should embed mental health screening in patients at risk of developing CVD as part of the clinical pathway and consider the role that hypnosis and hypnotherapy may play in the management of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Giuseppe Leo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Simon S. Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Riccardo Proietti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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14
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Warrington JP, Collins HE, Davidge ST, do Carmo JM, Goulopoulou S, Intapad S, Loria AS, Sones JL, Wold LE, Zinkhan EK, Alexander BT. Guidelines for in vivo models of developmental programming of cardiovascular disease risk. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H221-H241. [PMID: 38819382 PMCID: PMC11380980 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00060.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Research using animals depends on the generation of offspring for use in experiments or for the maintenance of animal colonies. Although not considered by all, several different factors preceding and during pregnancy, as well as during lactation, can program various characteristics in the offspring. Here, we present the most common models of developmental programming of cardiovascular outcomes, important considerations for study design, and provide guidelines for producing and reporting rigorous and reproducible cardiovascular studies in offspring exposed to normal conditions or developmental insult. These guidelines provide considerations for the selection of the appropriate animal model and factors that should be reported to increase rigor and reproducibility while ensuring transparent reporting of methods and results.
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Grants
- 20YVNR35490079 American Heart Association (AHA)
- R01HL139348 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL135158 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- U54GM115428 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01AG057046 HHS | NIH | National Institute on Aging (NIA)
- P20 GM104357 NIGMS NIH HHS
- HL146562-04S1 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- P30 GM149404 NIGMS NIH HHS
- P20GM104357 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- P20GM135002 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- R01 HL163003 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R01HL143459 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL146562 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL163003 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01HL163818 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- R01DK121411 HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- R01HL147844 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- Excellence Faculty Support Grant Jewish Heritage Fund
- P30GM149404 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- P30GM14940 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- P20GM121334 HHS | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS)
- 23SFRNPCS1067044 American Heart Association (AHA)
- R01 HL146562 NHLBI NIH HHS
- R56HL159447 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- U54 GM115428 NIGMS NIH HHS
- 1R01HL163076 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- P01HL51971 HHS | NIH | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
- FS154313 CIHR
- Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research (Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada)
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Affiliation(s)
- Junie P Warrington
- Department of Neurology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Helen E Collins
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiometabolic Science, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, United States
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jussara M do Carmo
- Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
| | - Styliani Goulopoulou
- Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
- Department of Gynecology, and Obstetrics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Suttira Intapad
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
| | - Analia S Loria
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Jenny L Sones
- Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States
| | - Loren E Wold
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Erin K Zinkhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah and Intermountain Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
- Intermountain Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Barbara T Alexander
- Department of Physiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States
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15
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Kreppke JN, Cody R, Beck J, Brand S, Donath L, Eckert A, Imboden C, Hatzinger M, Holsboer-Trachsler E, Lang UE, Mans S, Mikoteit T, Oswald A, Rogausch A, Schweinfurth-Keck N, Zahner L, Gerber M, Faude O. Cardiorespiratory fitness, perceived fitness and autonomic function in in-patients with different depression severity compared with healthy controls. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 175:437-445. [PMID: 38797040 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Over 300 million individuals worldwide suffer from major depressive disorder (MDD). Individuals with MDD are less physically active than healthy people which results in lower cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and less favorable perceived fitness compared with healthy controls. Additionally, individuals with MDD may show autonomic system dysfunction. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the CRF, perceived fitness and autonomic function in in-patients with MDD of different severity compared with healthy controls. We used data from 212 in-patients (age: 40.7 ± 12.6 y, 53% female) with MDD and from 141 healthy controls (age: 36.7 ± 12.7 y, 58% female). We assessed CRF with the Åstrand-Rhyming test, self-reported perceived fitness and autonomic function by heart rate variability (HRV). In specific, we used resting heart rate, time- and frequency-based parameters for HRV. In-patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) to self-assess the subjectively rated severity of depression. Based on these scores, participants were grouped into mild, moderate and severe MDD. The main finding was an inverse association between depression severity and CRF as well as perceived fitness compared with healthy controls. Resting heart rate was elevated with increasing depression severity. The time-based but not the frequency-based autonomic function parameters showed an inverse association with depression severity. The pattern of results suggests that among in-patients with major depressive disorder, those with particularly high self-assessed severity scores show a lower CRF, less favorable perceived fitness and partial autonomic dysfunction compared to healthy controls. To counteract these conditions, physical activity interventions may be effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Niklas Kreppke
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Robyn Cody
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Serge Brand
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Adult Psychiatric Clinics (UPKE), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Substance Use Prevention Research Center and Sleep Disorder Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851115, Iran
| | - Lars Donath
- German Sport University Cologne, Department of Intervention Research in Exercise Training, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Eckert
- Adult Psychiatric Clinics (UPKE), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Imboden
- Private Clinic Wyss, Münchenbuchsee, Switzerland; University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hatzinger
- Psychiatric Services, Solothurn, and Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Undine E Lang
- Adult Psychiatric Clinics (UPKE), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sarah Mans
- Private Clinic Wyss, Münchenbuchsee, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Mikoteit
- Psychiatric Services, Solothurn, and Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja Oswald
- Psychiatric Clinic Sonnenhalde, Riehen, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Lukas Zahner
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Faude
- Department for Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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16
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Chang Z, Wang QY, Li LH, Jiang B, Zhou XM, Zhu H, Sun YP, Pan X, Tu XX, Wang W, Liu CY, Kuang HX. Potential Plausible Role of Stem Cell for Treating Depressive Disorder: a Retrospective Review. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4454-4472. [PMID: 38097915 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03843-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Depression poses a significant threat to global physical and mental health, impacting around 3.8% of the population with a rising incidence. Current treatment options primarily involve medication and psychological support, yet their effectiveness remains limited, contributing to high relapse rates. There is an urgent need for innovative and more efficacious treatment modalities. Stem cell therapy, a promising avenue in regenerative medicine for a spectrum of neurodegenerative conditions, has recently garnered attention for its potential application in depression. While much of this work remains preclinical, it has demonstrated considerable promise. Identified mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effects of stem cell therapy encompass the stimulation of neurotrophic factors, immune function modulation, and augmented monoamine levels. Nonetheless, these pathways and other undiscovered mechanisms necessitate further investigation. Depression fundamentally manifests as a neurodegenerative disorder. Given stem cell therapy's success in addressing a range of neurodegenerative pathologies, it opens the door to explore its application in depression treatment. This exploration may include repairing damaged nerves directly or indirectly and inhibiting neurotoxicity. Nevertheless, significant challenges must be overcome before stem cell therapies can be applied clinically. Successful resolution of these issues will ultimately determine the feasibility of incorporating stem cell therapies into the clinical landscape. This narrative review provides insights into the progress of research, potential avenues for exploration, and the prevailing challenges in the implementation of stem cell therapy for treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Qing-Yi Wang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Lu-Hao Li
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Bei Jiang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xue-Ming Zhou
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Yan-Ping Sun
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Third Affiliated Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Xu Tu
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Wei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chen-Yue Liu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Heping Road 26, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China.
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17
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Kovács A, Szabó E, László K, Kertes E, Zagorácz O, Mintál K, Tóth A, Gálosi R, Berta B, Lénárd L, Hormay E, László B, Zelena D, Tóth ZE. Brain RFamide Neuropeptides in Stress-Related Psychopathologies. Cells 2024; 13:1097. [PMID: 38994950 PMCID: PMC11240450 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The RFamide peptide family is a group of proteins that share a common C-terminal arginine-phenylalanine-amide motif. To date, the family comprises five groups in mammals: neuropeptide FF, LPXRFamides/RFamide-related peptides, prolactin releasing peptide, QRFP, and kisspeptins. Different RFamide peptides have their own cognate receptors and are produced by different cell populations, although they all can also bind to neuropeptide FF receptors with different affinities. RFamide peptides function in the brain as neuropeptides regulating key aspects of homeostasis such as energy balance, reproduction, and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, they are involved in the organization of the stress response including modulation of pain. Considering the interaction between stress and various parameters of homeostasis, the role of RFamide peptides may be critical in the development of stress-related neuropathologies. This review will therefore focus on the role of RFamide peptides as possible key hubs in stress and stress-related psychopathologies. The neurotransmitter coexpression profile of RFamide-producing cells is also discussed, highlighting its potential functional significance. The development of novel pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of stress-related disorders is an ongoing need. Thus, the importance of RFamide research is underlined by the emergence of peptidergic and G-protein coupled receptor-based therapeutic targets in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kovács
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Evelin Szabó
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Kristóf László
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Erika Kertes
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Olga Zagorácz
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Kitti Mintál
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Attila Tóth
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Rita Gálosi
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bea Berta
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - László Lénárd
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Edina Hormay
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Bettina László
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Dóra Zelena
- Institute of Physiology, Medical School, Centre for Neuroscience, Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, H7624 Pécs, Hungary; (A.K.); (E.S.); (K.L.); (E.K.); (O.Z.); (K.M.); (A.T.); (R.G.); (B.B.); (L.L.); (E.H.); (B.L.)
| | - Zsuzsanna E. Tóth
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Semmelweis University, H1094 Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Tanaka M, Tuka B, Vécsei L. Navigating the Neurobiology of Migraine: From Pathways to Potential Therapies. Cells 2024; 13:1098. [PMID: 38994951 PMCID: PMC11240811 DOI: 10.3390/cells13131098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder characterized by recurring episodes of throbbing headaches that are frequently accompanied by sensory disturbances, nausea, and sensitivity to light and sound [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanaka
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged (HUN-REN-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Bernadett Tuka
- Department of Radiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - László Vécsei
- HUN-REN-SZTE Neuroscience Research Group, Danube Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Hungarian Research Network, University of Szeged (HUN-REN-SZTE), Tisza Lajos krt. 113, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary;
- Department of Neurology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, Semmelweis u. 6, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary
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19
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Long G, Duo W, Man L, Haoning M, Ping Y, Mingsheng T, Yuxiang S. The impact of post-traumatic stress on the clinical outcome in a cohort of patients with knee osteoarthritis and knee arthroplasty: A prospective study. J Orthop Sci 2024; 29:847-853. [PMID: 37055273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders and commonly occurs in older adults, predominantly female populations. Both populations have intimate links with trauma-related stress. Therefore, we intended to evaluate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which arises from KOA and determine its effects on the postoperative results in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS The patients who fulfilled the diagnosis of KOA from February 2018 to October 2020 were interviewed. Patients were interviewed by a senior psychiatrist about evaluating their overall experience during their most difficult or stressful situations. KOA patients who underwent TKA were further analyzed to investigate whether PTSD influences the postoperative results. The PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) and Western Ontario McMaster Universities (WOMAC) Osteoarthritis Index were used to assess PTS symptoms and clinical outcomes after TKA, respectively. RESULTS 212 KOA patients completed this study with a mean follow-up of 16.7 months (7-36 months). The mean age was 62.5 ± 12.3 years, and 53.3% (113/212) were women. 64.6% of the sample (137/212) underwent TKA to relieve the symptoms of KOA. Patients with either PTS or PTSD tended to be younger (P < 0.05), female (P < 0.05) and undergo TKA (P < 0.05) than their counterparts. WOMAC-pain (P < 0.05), WOMAC-stiffness (P < 0.05), and WOMAC-physical function (P < 0.05) both before TKA and 6 months after TKA in the PTSD group is significantly higher compared to their counterparts. Logistic regression analysis showed that a history of OA-inducing trauma (adjusted OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.7-2.3, P = 0.003), posttraumatic KOA (adjusted OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.4-2.0, P < 0.001), and invasive treatment (adjusted OR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.7-2.3, P = 0.032), were significantly associated with PTSD in KOA patients. CONCLUSIONS Patients with KOA, especially those undergoing TKA, are associated with PTS symptoms and PTSD, indicating the need to evaluate it and offer care for them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wang Duo
- School of Music and Dance, Hubei Minzu University, China
| | - Li Man
- General Hospital of Enshi Tujia & Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China
| | | | - Yi Ping
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, China
| | | | - Song Yuxiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
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20
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Xu T, Dong F, Zhang M, Wang K, Xu T, Xia S, Feng C. Post-stroke arrhythmia could be a potential predictor for post-stroke depression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9093. [PMID: 38643303 PMCID: PMC11032346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59789-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-stroke depression (PSD) is regarded as the consequence of multiple contributors involving the process of cognition, mood and autonomic system, with the specific mechanism unclear yet. As a common type of stroke-heart syndromes, post-stroke arrhythmia shared some common pathogenesis with PSD. We presumed that post-stroke arrhythmia might be an early distinguishable marker for the presence of PSD and aimed to verity their association in this study. Patients with first-ever ischemic stroke were enrolled. The presence of post-stroke ectopic arrhythmia and the symptoms of arrhythmia were recorded with anti-arrhythmia drugs prescribed when necessary. Patients were followed up 3 months later to identify their presence and severity of PSD using Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and also presence and severity of arrhythmia. Characteristics including the prevalence of various types of arrhythmias were compared between PSD and non-PSD groups. The HAMD scores were compared between patients with and without arrhythmia in PSD group. Logistic regression was used to identify the independent predictor of PSD. Patients with PSD had higher prevalence of post-stroke arrhythmia especially newly-detected arrhythmia, symptomatic arrhythmia and poor-controlled arrhythmia. In PSD group, patients of post-stroke arrhythmia had higher scores of HAMD than those without arrhythmia. Presence of newly-detected, symptomatic and poor-controlled arrhythmias were independent predictor of PSD. post-stroke arrhythmia especially newly-detected arrhythmia and symptomatic arrhythmia could be an early predictor of PSD. Successful control of arrhythmia was associated with reduced prevalence and severity of PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangying Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
- The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Muhua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kewu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shudong Xia
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Shangcheng Avenue N1#, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China.
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21
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Lazarou E, Exarchos TP. Predicting stress levels using physiological data: Real-time stress prediction models utilizing wearable devices. AIMS Neurosci 2024; 11:76-102. [PMID: 38988886 PMCID: PMC11230864 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2024006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Stress has emerged as a prominent and multifaceted health concern in contemporary society, manifesting detrimental effects on individuals' physical and mental health and well-being. The ability to accurately predict stress levels in real time holds significant promise for facilitating timely interventions and personalized stress management strategies. The increasing incidence of stress-related physical and mental health issues highlights the importance of thoroughly understanding stress prediction mechanisms. Given that stress is a contributing factor to a wide array of mental and physical health problems, objectively assessing stress is crucial for behavioral and physiological studies. While numerous studies have assessed stress levels in controlled environments, the objective evaluation of stress in everyday settings still needs to be explored, primarily due to contextual factors and limitations in self-report adherence. This short review explored the emerging field of real-time stress prediction, focusing on utilizing physiological data collected by wearable devices. Stress was examined from a comprehensive standpoint, acknowledging its effects on both physical and mental well-being. The review synthesized existing research on the development and application of stress prediction models, underscoring advancements, challenges, and future directions in this rapidly evolving domain. Emphasis was placed on examining and critically evaluating the existing research and literature on stress prediction, physiological data analysis, and wearable devices for stress monitoring. The synthesis of findings aimed to contribute to a better understanding of the potential of wearable technology in objectively assessing and predicting stress levels in real time, thereby informing the design of effective interventions and personalized stress management approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Themis P. Exarchos
- Bioinformatics and Human Electrophysiology Laboratory, Dept of Informatics, Ionian University, GR49132, Corfu, Greece
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22
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Kotherová S, Cigán J, Štěpánková L, Vyskočilová M, Littnerová S, Ejova A, Sepši M. Adverse Effects of Meditation: Autonomic Nervous System Activation and Individual Nauseous Responses During Samadhi Meditation in the Czech Republic. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02024-5. [PMID: 38605255 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Buddhist meditation practices, including Samadhi meditation, which forms the basis for mindfulness practice, are broadly promoted as pathways to wellbeing, but evidence of their adverse effects is emerging. In a single-group observational study with assessments of autonomic system before, during, and after Samadhi meditation, we explore the relationship between post-meditation nausea symptoms and the degree of change in autonomic system activity during meditation as compared to before and after in 57 university students (42 women; mean age = 22.6) without any previous experience in meditation or yoga practices. We hypothesize that nauseous feelings in meditation are connected to a rapid increase of activity in the sympathetic nervous system, as indicated by decreased heart-rate variability (HRV). We additionally explore links between meditation-induced nausea and two markers of parasympathetic activity: increased HRV and vasovagal syncope. Engaging in meditation and increased nausea during meditation were both associated with increased markers of HRV parasympathetic activity, but 12 individuals with markedly higher nausea demonstrated increased HRV markers of sympathetic activity during meditation. Vasovagal syncope was observed but found to be unrelated to nausea levels. Drivers of adverse effects of meditation in some individuals require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvie Kotherová
- Department of Sociology, Andragogy and Cultural Anthropology, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Cigán
- Laboratory for the Experimental Research of Religion (LEVYNA), Department for the Study of Religions, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Štěpánková
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Psychology Research Institute-Research departments, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Vyskočilová
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Littnerová
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anastasia Ejova
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Milan Sepši
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University Brno, Brno, Czech Republic.
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23
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Abstract
Although there is little direct evidence supporting that stress affects cancer incidence, it does influence the evolution, dissemination and therapeutic outcomes of neoplasia, as shown in human epidemiological analyses and mouse models. The experience of and response to physiological and psychological stressors can trigger neurological and endocrine alterations, which subsequently influence malignant (stem) cells, stromal cells and immune cells in the tumour microenvironment, as well as systemic factors in the tumour macroenvironment. Importantly, stress-induced neuroendocrine changes that can regulate immune responses have been gradually uncovered. Numerous stress-associated immunomodulatory molecules (SAIMs) can reshape natural or therapy-induced antitumour responses by engaging their corresponding receptors on immune cells. Moreover, stress can cause systemic or local metabolic reprogramming and change the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota which can indirectly modulate antitumour immunity. Here, we explore the complex circuitries that link stress to perturbations in the cancer-immune dialogue and their implications for therapeutic approaches to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, China.
| | - Guido Kroemer
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, China
- Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Karolinska Institute, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Dada T, Gwal RS, Mahalingam K, Chandran DS, Angmo D, Gupta S, Velpandian T, Deepak KK. Effect of "365 Breathing Technique" on Intraocular Pressure and Autonomic Functions in Patients With Glaucoma: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Glaucoma 2024; 33:149-154. [PMID: 38194285 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000002356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PRCIS Patients with primary open angle glaucoma were advised to follow the "365 breathing technique" for 6 weeks in addition to their pharmacological glaucoma treatment. It helped to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP), stress biomarker-cortisol, and improve autonomic dysfunction. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of the "365 breathing technique" on IOP, autonomic functions, and stress biomarkers in patients with primary open angle glaucoma. METHODS In this randomized, controlled, interventional trial, after randomization, 40 patients in the intervention group followed "365 breathing" (three times a day, breathing rate: 6 cycles/min for 5 min) in addition to their pharmacological glaucoma treatment and 40 patients in the control group continued only with their pharmacological glaucoma treatment. IOP, serum cortisol, heart rate variability (HRV), and heart rate response to deep breathing test (DBT) were recorded at preintervention and 6 weeks postintervention. RESULTS The mean IOP, serum cortisol, parameters of the HRV test, and DBT were comparable between the two groups at baseline. At the 6-week follow-up, in the intervention group, mean IOP was significantly lower (16.09 ± 2.24 vs 18.38 ± 1.58 mm Hg, P = 0.03) and serum cortisol were significantly lower (13.20 ± 3.11 vs 14.95 ± 2.60 mcg/dL, P = 0.038) compared with the control group. In the HRV test, time domain analysis showed a significant difference in the root mean square of the successive difference between RR interval values between both groups at 6 weeks ( P = 0.015) pointing towards higher postintervention parasympathetic activation in the intervention group. In frequency domain analysis (HRV test), the ratio of the low-frequency component to the high-frequency component was significantly lower in the intervention group at 6 weeks (1.65 vs 1.79, P = 0.019) indicating a shift in sympathovagal balance towards greater vagal modulation.There was a significant increase in delta heart rate ( P = 0.019) and expiratory:inspiratory ratio ( P = 0.011) in the intervention group at 6 weeks when compared with baseline values, indicating improved parasympathetic reactivity to DBT. CONCLUSION "365 breathing" technique can reduce IOP and serum cortisol, and improve autonomic dysfunction in patients with glaucoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dinu Santha Chandran
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Kishore K Deepak
- Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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25
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Sawyers C, Sheerin C, Moore AA, Neigh G, Hettema JM, Roberson-Nay R. Genetic and environmental influences on alpha amylase stress reactivity and shared genetic covariation with cortisol. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 161:106922. [PMID: 38101095 PMCID: PMC10842877 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Salivary alpha amylase (sAA) is a common measure of stress reactivity, primarily reflecting sympathetic nervous system activity. Salivary cortisol is also a reliable, frequently used biomarker of stress and reflects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis response. This study examined heritability across varying metrics of sAA in response to a social evaluative stressor, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). The goal of this study was to estimate genetic and environmental influences on measurements of sAA stress reactivity. Moreover, we evaluated the shared genetic covariation between sAA and cortisol. Participants included twins aged 15-20 years (54% female). We measured alpha amylase and cortisol reactivity to the TSST via serial salivary cortisol samples collected pre- and post-TSST. Modest to moderate heritability estimates (11-64%) were observed across measures purported to capture alpha amylase stress reactivity (peak, area under the curve, baseline-to-peak change). Findings also indicate that sAA baseline and peak are primarily influenced by a shared genetic factor. There was no evidence of shared genetic influences between sAA and cortisol. These findings suggest the genetic control of the HPA and Sympathetic Adreno-Medullar axis are genetically independent of one another despite both playing a role in response to stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea Sawyers
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA.
| | - Christina Sheerin
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - Ashlee A Moore
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York at Oswego, USA
| | - Gretchen Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
| | - John M Hettema
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas A&M Health Sciences Center, USA
| | - Roxann Roberson-Nay
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, USA
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26
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Liu H, Wiedman CM, Lovelace-Chandler V, Gong S, Salem Y. Deep Diaphragmatic Breathing-Anatomical and Biomechanical Consideration. J Holist Nurs 2024; 42:90-103. [PMID: 36734111 DOI: 10.1177/08980101221149866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background: Deep diaphragmatic breathing (DDB) involves slow and fully contraction of the diaphragm with expansion of the belly during inhalation, and slow and fully contraction of the abdominal muscles with reduction of the belly during exhalation. It is the key component of the holistic mind-body exercises commonly used for patients with multimorbidity. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to re-visit and address the fundamental anatomical and biomechanical consideration of the DDB with the relevant literature. Method: Peer-reviewed publications from last the 15 years were retrieved, reviewed, and analyzed. Findings: In this article, we described the updated morphological and anatomical characteristics of the diaphragm. Then, we elucidated in a biomechanical approach how and why the DDB can work on the gastrointestinal, cardiopulmonary, and nervous systems as well as on regulating the intra-abdominopelvic pressure and mind-body interaction to coordinate the diaphragm-pelvic floor-abdominal complex for a variety of physical and physiological activities. Conclusion: Understanding of this updated DDB knowledge may help holistic healthcare professionals including holistic nurses provide better patient education and care management during the DDB or DDB-based mind-body intervention time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howe Liu
- Physical Therapy Program, Allen College, Waterloo, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Suzhen Gong
- Office of Research, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Yasser Salem
- Physical Therapy Program, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
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27
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Julian M, Somers JA, Dunkel Schetter C, Guardino CM. Resilience resources, life stressors, and postpartum depressive symptoms in a community sample of low and middle-income Black, Latina, and White mothers. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3275. [PMID: 37220227 PMCID: PMC10665547 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Resilience resources refer to factors that protect against the physical and mental health effects of stress exposure. This study used a cross-sectional design to test whether three individual-level resilience resources-mastery, self-esteem, and perceived social support-moderated associations between prenatal major life stressors and postpartum depressive symptoms at approximately 8 weeks postpartum. Participants were 2510 low- and middle-income women enrolled after the birth of a baby in a multi-site study of five communities in the United States. At approximately 8 weeks postpartum, participants were interviewed in their homes to assess the three resilience resources, symptoms of depression, and major life stressors that had occurred during the pregnancy. The results of path analyses revealed that mastery and self-esteem moderated the positive association between prenatal life stressors and postpartum depressive symptoms adjusting for race/ethnicity, partner status, years of education, and household income. Perceived social support was associated with fewer postpartum depressive symptoms but did not moderate the association between life stressors and depressive symptoms. Higher levels of two personal resilience resources, mastery and self-esteem, attenuated the association between prenatal life stressors and early postpartum depressive symptoms in a large, predominantly low-income multi-site community sample. These findings highlight the protective nature of individual-level resilience resources in the early postpartum period when maternal adjustment shapes parent and child health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Julian
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
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28
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Smith AL, Berry A, Brubaker L, Cunningham SD, Gahagan S, Low LK, Mueller M, Sutcliffe S, Williams BR, Brady SS. The brain, gut, and bladder health nexus: A conceptual model linking stress and mental health disorders to overactive bladder in women. Neurourol Urodyn 2024; 43:424-436. [PMID: 38078701 PMCID: PMC10872494 DOI: 10.1002/nau.25356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A small, but growing literature links stressors and mental health disorders (MHDs) across the life course to overactive bladder (OAB) and urinary incontinence symptoms. Mechanisms by which stressors and MHDs may impact bladder health are not fully understood, limiting novel prevention and treatment efforts. Moreover, potential biopsychosocial mechanisms involving the brain and gut have not been considered in an integrated, comprehensive fashion. METHODS Members of the prevention of lower urinary tract symptoms Research Consortium developed conceptual models to inform research on biopsychosocial mechanisms through which stress and MDHs may impact bladder health among girls and women, focusing on brain and gut physiology. RESULTS Two conceptual models were developed-one to explain central (brain-based) and peripheral (gut-based) mechanisms linking stressors and MHDs to OAB and bladder health, and one to highlight bidirectional communication between the brain, gut, and bladder. Traumatic events, chronic stressors, and MHDs may lead to a maladaptive stress response, including dysregulated communication and signaling between the brain, gut, and bladder. Gut bacteria produce molecules and metabolites that alter production of neurotransmitters, amino acids, short-chain fatty acids, and inflammatory immune response molecules that mediate communication between the gut and brain. Microbiota signal neurogenesis, microglia maturation, and synaptic pruning; they also calibrate brain-gut-bladder axis communication through neurotransmission and synaptogenesis, potentially influencing bladder symptom development. Life course trajectories of risk may be prevented or interrupted by central and peripheral resources for neuropsychological resilience. CONCLUSIONS Depicted pathways, including brain-gut-bladder communication, have implications for research and development of novel prevention and treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariana L. Smith
- Division of Urology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Amanda Berry
- Division of Urology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Linda Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shayna D. Cunningham
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT
| | - Sheila Gahagan
- Department of Pediatrics, UC San Diego School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego CA
| | - Lisa Kane Low
- Department of Health Behavior and Biological Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Michigan
| | - Margaret Mueller
- Department of Ob/Gyn, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Siobhan Sutcliffe
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Beverly R. Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gerontology, Geriatrics and Palliative Care, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) and Birmingham/Atlanta Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs
| | - Sonya S. Brady
- Division of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN
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Ushakov AV. Minor hyperthyroidism with normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies: a case report. J Med Life 2024; 17:236-238. [PMID: 38813368 PMCID: PMC11131634 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The present report describes for the first time a case of diffuse hyperthyroidism in a 30-year-old female patient who had normal levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TSHR-Ab), slightly elevated plasma levels of thyroid hormones, and slightly increased thyroid blood flow. Seven years before, after severe stress, she had Graves' disease with elevated plasma levels of TSHR-Ab. The patient's recent medical history included mental stress and autonomic dysfunction. This report describes a mild form of hyperthyroidism in terms of elevated plasma levels of thyroid hormones and Doppler ultrasonography data; this condition was first defined as 'minor hyperthyroidism'. The examination data suggest a probable secondary role of the immune system and primary role of the autonomic nervous system in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease.
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Yilmaz Y, Uçar C, Yildiz S. Activities of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system following a strong earthquake. Stress Health 2024; 40:e3281. [PMID: 37291076 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of post-traumatic stress, caused by a strong earthquake, on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) and autonomous nervous system activity (ANS). Activities of the HPA (as salivary cortisol) and ANS (as heart-rate variability [HRV]) were measured following the 2020 Elazig (Türkiye) earthquake (6.8 Richter Scale, classified as strong). A total of 227 participants (103 men (45%) and 124 women (%55)) provided saliva samples twice, namely, 1 week and 6 weeks after the earthquake. Of these participants, HRV was measured in 51 participants by 5 min continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) recording. Frequency- and time-domain parameters of the HRV were calculated to assess the activity of ANS and low/high frequency (LF/HF) ratio was used as surrogate for sympathovagal balance. Salivary cortisol levels decreased from week 1 towards week 6 (17.40 ± 1.48 and 15.32 ± 1.37 ng/mL, respectively, p < 0.05). There were no gender differences (17.99 ± 2.63 and 16.90 ± 1.60 ng/mL, respectively for females and males, p > 0.05) for salivary cortisol levels. There were no differences in time- and frequency domain parameters of the HRV including LF/HF ratio (2.95 ± 0.38 ms2 and 3.60 ± 0.70 ms2 , respectively for week 1 and 6, p > 0.05). The data show that HPA axis activity, but not that of the ANS, remains higher 1 week after the earthquake but decreases afterwards towards the sixth week, suggesting that the HPA axis might be responsible for the long-term effects of a traumatic event like a strong earthquake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yücehan Yilmaz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Inonu, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Cihat Uçar
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Battalgazi, Türkiye
| | - Sedat Yildiz
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Inonu, Malatya, Türkiye
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Greyling CF, Ganguly A, Sardesai AU, Churcher NKM, Lin KC, Muthukumar S, Prasad S. Passive sweat wearable: A new paradigm in the wearable landscape toward enabling "detect to treat" opportunities. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1912. [PMID: 37356818 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Growing interest over recent years in personalized health monitoring coupled with the skyrocketing popularity of wearable smart devices has led to the increased relevance of wearable sweat-based sensors for biomarker detection. From optimizing workouts to risk management of cardiovascular diseases and monitoring prediabetes, the ability of sweat sensors to continuously and noninvasively measure biomarkers in real-time has a wide range of applications. Conventional sweat sensors utilize external stimulation of sweat glands to obtain samples, however; this stimulation influences the expression profile of the biomarkers and reduces the accuracy of the detection method. To address this limitation, our laboratory pioneered the development of the passive sweat sensor subfield, which allowed for our progress in developing a sweat chemistry panel. Passive sweat sensors utilize nanoporous structures to confine and detect biomarkers in ultra-low sweat volumes. The ability of passive sweat sensors to use smaller samples than conventional sensors enable users with sedentary lifestyles who perspire less to benefit from sweat sensor technology not previously afforded to them. Herein, the mechanisms and strategies of current sweat sensors are summarized with an emphasis on the emerging subfield of passive sweat-based diagnostics. Prospects for this technology include discovering new biomarkers expressed in sweat and expanding the list of relevant detectable biomarkers. Moreover, the accuracy of biomarker detection can be enhanced with machine learning using prediction algorithms trained on clinical data. Applying this machine learning in conjunction with multiplex biomarker detection will allow for a more holistic approach to trend predictions. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antra Ganguly
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | - Abha Umesh Sardesai
- Department of Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | | | - Kai-Chun Lin
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
| | | | - Shalini Prasad
- Department of Bioengineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas, USA
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Kleeman EA, Reisinger SN, Adithya P, Houston B, Stathatos G, Garnham AL, McLaughlin S, O'Bryan MK, Gubert C, Hannan AJ. Paternal immune activation by Poly I:C modulates sperm noncoding RNA profiles and causes transgenerational changes in offspring behavior. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 115:258-279. [PMID: 37820975 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Paternal pre-conceptual environmental experiences, such as stress and diet, can affect offspring brain and behavioral phenotypes via epigenetic modifications in sperm. Furthermore, maternal immune activation due to infection during gestation can reprogram offspring behavior and brain functioning in adulthood. However, the effects of paternal pre-conceptual exposure to immune activation on the behavior and physiology of offspring (F1) and grand-offspring (F2) are not currently known. We explored effects of paternal pre-conceptual exposure to viral-like immune activation on F1 and F2 behavioral and physiological phenotypes using a C57BL/6J mouse model. Males were treated with a single injection (intraperitoneal) of the viral mimetic polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C: 12 mg/kg) then bred with naïve female mice four weeks after the Poly I:C (or 0.9% saline control) injection. The F1 offspring of Poly I:C treated fathers displayed increased depression-like behavior in the Porsolt swim test, an altered stress response in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, and significant transcriptomic changes in their hippocampus. Additionally, the F1 male offspring of Poly I:C treated F0 males showed significantly increased immune responsivity after a Poly I:C immune challenge (12 mg/kg). Furthermore, the F2 male grand-offspring took longer to enter and travelled significantly shorter distances in the light zone of the light/dark box. An analysis of the small noncoding RNA profiles in sperm from Poly I:C treated males and their male offspring revealed significant effects of Poly I:C on the sperm microRNA content at the time of conception and on the sperm PIWI-interacting RNA content of the male offspring. Notably, eight miRNAs with an FDR < 0.05 (miR-141-3p, miR-126b-5p, miR-669o-5p, miR-10b-3p, miR-471-5p, miR-463-5p, miR-148b-3p, and miR-181c-5p) were found to be significantly downregulated in the sperm of Poly I:C treated males. Collectively, we demonstrate that paternal pre-conceptual exposure to a viral immune challenge results in both intergenerational and transgenerational effects on brain and behavior that may be mediated by alterations in the sperm small noncoding RNA content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Kleeman
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sonali N Reisinger
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pranav Adithya
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brendan Houston
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gemma Stathatos
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shae McLaughlin
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moira K O'Bryan
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Carolina Gubert
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anthony J Hannan
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
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Martinez GJ, Appleton M, Kipp ZA, Loria AS, Min B, Hinds TD. Glucocorticoids, their uses, sexual dimorphisms, and diseases: new concepts, mechanisms, and discoveries. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:473-532. [PMID: 37732829 PMCID: PMC11281820 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00021.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The normal stress response in humans is governed by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis through heightened mechanisms during stress, raising blood levels of the glucocorticoid hormone cortisol. Glucocorticoids are quintessential compounds that balance the proper functioning of numerous systems in the mammalian body. They are also generated synthetically and are the preeminent therapy for inflammatory diseases. They act by binding to the nuclear receptor transcription factor glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which has two main isoforms (GRα and GRβ). Our classical understanding of glucocorticoid signaling is from the GRα isoform, which binds the hormone, whereas GRβ has no known ligands. With glucocorticoids being involved in many physiological and cellular processes, even small disruptions in their release via the HPA axis, or changes in GR isoform expression, can have dire ramifications on health. Long-term chronic glucocorticoid therapy can lead to a glucocorticoid-resistant state, and we deliberate how this impacts disease treatment. Chronic glucocorticoid treatment can lead to noticeable side effects such as weight gain, adiposity, diabetes, and others that we discuss in detail. There are sexually dimorphic responses to glucocorticoids, and women tend to have a more hyperresponsive HPA axis than men. This review summarizes our understanding of glucocorticoids and critically analyzes the GR isoforms and their beneficial and deleterious mechanisms and the sexual differences that cause a dichotomy in responses. We also discuss the future of glucocorticoid therapy and propose a new concept of dual GR isoform agonist and postulate why activating both isoforms may prevent glucocorticoid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genesee J Martinez
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Malik Appleton
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Zachary A Kipp
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Analia S Loria
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Terry D Hinds
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, United States
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Chung MH, Chang WP. Correlation between hemoglobin levels and depression in late-stage cancer patients with irritability as mediating variable. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 67:102414. [PMID: 37804750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In late-stage cancer, the cancer itself or the side effects of cancer treatment are known to affect the hemoglobin (Hgb) levels or emotions of patients. We to investigate the relationship between Hgb levels and depression in late-stage cancer patients and verified whether irritability has a mediating effect on this relationship. METHOD The research tools included a patient basic information form, the Irritability Scale-Initial Version (TISi), and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). We first compared the Hgb levels, HAMD scores, and TISi scores of the cancer patients with different attributes, performed multiple hierarchical regression analysis, and then analyzed the mediating effects of TISi scores using the Sobel test. RESULTS In the 117 late-stage cancer patients, Hgb levels of patients with a BMI<18.5 kg/m2 were lower than those of the patients with a BMI 24.0 kg/m2. Hgb levels had a negative influence on both TISi scores (B = -2.74, p = .001) and HAMD scores (B = -0.75, p = .010). TISi scores mediated the relationship between Hgb levels and HAMD scores (Z = 2.06, p = .040). CONCLUSIONS Irritability is a mediating variable of the influence of Hgb levels on depression, meaning that lower Hgb levels in late-stage cancer patients may be detrimental to emotional stability, induce irritability, and thereby cause depression. Thus, in the psychological care of late-stage cancer patients, medical teams should be more vigilant in monitoring Hgb levels and anemia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Huey Chung
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Thakkar A, Vora A, Kaur G, Akhtar J. Dysbiosis and Alzheimer's disease: role of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2911-2923. [PMID: 37284896 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02554-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia and the accumulation of amyloid beta in the brain. Recently, microbial dysbiosis has been identified as one of the major factors involved in the onset and progression of AD. Imbalance in gut microbiota is known to affect central nervous system (CNS) functions through the gut-brain axis and involves inflammatory, immune, neuroendocrine and metabolic pathways. An altered gut microbiome is known to affect the gut and BBB permeability, resulting in imbalance in levels of neurotransmitters and neuroactive peptides/factors. Restoration of levels of beneficial microorganisms in the gut has demonstrated promising effects in AD in pre-clinical and clinical studies. The current review enlists the important beneficial microbial species present in the gut, the effect of their metabolites on CNS, mechanisms involved in dysbiosis related to AD and the beneficial effects of probiotics on AD. It also highlights challenges involved in large-scale manufacturing and quality control of probiotic formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Thakkar
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Amisha Vora
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India.
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies, Mumbai, India
| | - Jamal Akhtar
- Central Council for Research in Unani Medicine, Ministry of AYUSH, New Delhi, India
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Alwindi M, Bizanti A. Vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) regional expression and roles in pathological conditions. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22413. [PMID: 38034713 PMCID: PMC10687066 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Vesicular monoamine transporters (VMATs) are key regulators of neurotransmitter release responsible for controlling numerous physiological, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral functions. They represent important therapeutic targets for numerous pathological conditions. There are two isoforms of VMAT transporter proteins that function as secondary active transporters into the vesicle for storage and release via exocytosis: VMAT1 (SLC18A1) and VMAT2 (SLC18A2) which differ in their function, quantity, and regional expression. VMAT2 has gained considerable interest as a therapeutic target and diagnostic marker. Inhibitors of VMAT2 have been used as an effective therapy for a range of pathological conditions. Additionally, the functionality and phenotypic classification of classical and nonclassical catecholaminergic neurons are identified by the presence of VMAT2 in catecholaminergic neurons. Dysregulation of VMAT2 is also implicated in many neuropsychiatric diseases. Despite the complex role of VMAT2, many aspects of its function remain unclear. Therefore, our aim is to expand our knowledge of the role of VMAT with a special focus on VMAT2 in different systems and cellular pathways which may potentially facilitate development of novel, more specific therapeutic targets. The current review provides a summary demonstrating the mechanism of action of VMAT, its functional role, and its contribution to disease progression and utilization as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Alwindi
- St George's University Hospital, London SW17 0QT, United Kingdom
| | - Ariege Bizanti
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Aimaier G, Qian K, Cao H, Peng W, Zhang Z, Ma J, Ding J, Wang X. Inhibitory Neurons in Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Are Involved in Decrease of Heart Rate Variability and Development of Depression-Like Behaviors in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 26:669-679. [PMID: 37417335 PMCID: PMC10586034 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diminished heart rate variability (HRV) has been observed in epilepsy, especially in epilepsy with depressive disorders. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. METHODS We studied HRV, spontaneous recurrent seizures, and depression-like behaviors in different phases of pilocarpine-induced temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) in mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis was used to identify various nerve cell subsets in TLE mice with and without depression. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis was performed in epilepsy, depression, and HRV central control-related brain areas. RESULTS We found decreased HRV parameters in TLE mice, and alterations were positively correlated with the severity of depression-like behaviors. The severity of depression-like behaviors was correlated with the frequency of spontaneous recurrent seizure. Characteristic expression of mitochondria-related genes was significantly elevated in mice with depression in glial cells, and the enrichment analysis of those DEGs showed an enriched GABAergic synapse pathway in the HRV central control-related brain area. Furthermore, inhibitory neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius, which is an HRV central control-related brain area, were specifically expressed in TLE mice combined with depression compared with those in mice without depression. A significantly enriched long-term depression pathway in DEGs from inhibitory neurons was found. CONCLUSIONS Our study reported correlations between HRV and epilepsy-depression comorbidity in different phases of TLE. More importantly, we found that HRV central control-related inhibitory neurons are involved in the development of depression in TLE, providing new insights into epilepsy comorbid with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guliqiemu Aimaier
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Kun Qian
- Department of Information and Intelligence Development, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huateng Cao
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Peng
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, Key Laboratory of Primate Neurobiology, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of The State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Shih CC, Chang CH. Activation of the basolateral or the central amygdala dampened the incentive motivation for food reward on high fixed-ratio schedules. Behav Brain Res 2023; 455:114682. [PMID: 37742807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The amygdala plays crucial roles in emotional processing, motivated behaviors, and stress responses. It receives sensory information and modulates fear- and anxiety-related behaviors. Neuronal activations are induced in the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) and the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) when exposing to acute stress, leading to increased alertness and proper behavioral adaptation. Previous studies have shown that animals displayed a decrease in appetitive motivated behaviors under stress conditions. However, whether the hyperactive amygdala is responsible for the decrease in appetitive motivated behaviors remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to examine the role of BLA or CeA activation in effort-based motivated behavior. We pharmacologically activated the BLA or the CeA with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) before the lever-pressing for food reward test on different fixed-ratio (FR) schedules (FR1, FR16, or FR32) in male Long-Evans rats. Our data showed that activation of either the BLA or the CeA with NMDA (0.05 μg in 0.5 μl per site) decreased the lever-pressing behavior on higher FR schedules of FR16 and FR32, but not on the FR1 test. Importantly, locomotor activity and free-feeding food intake were intact under amygdala activation, suggesting that the decrease in lever-pressing behavior was not due to motor disablement or decreased appetite. These results suggested that activation of the BLA or the CeA negatively impaired the effort-based motivated behavior that the animals were less willing to work for food reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chia Shih
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hui Chang
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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Gullett N, Zajkowska Z, Walsh A, Harper R, Mondelli V. Heart rate variability (HRV) as a way to understand associations between the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and affective states: A critical review of the literature. Int J Psychophysiol 2023; 192:35-42. [PMID: 37543289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Evidence suggests affective disorders such as depression and bipolar disorder are characterised by dysregulated autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity. These findings suggest ANS dysregulation may be involved in the pathogenesis of affective disorders. Different affective states are characterised by different ANS activity patterns (i.e., an increase or decrease in sympathetic or parasympathetic activity). To understand how ANS abnormalities are involved in the development of affective disorders, it is important to understand how affective states correlate with ANS activity before their onset. Using heart rate variability (HRV) as a tool to measure ANS activity, this review aimed to look at associations between affective states and HRV in non-clinical populations (i.e., in those without medical and psychiatric disorders). Searches on PubMed and Google Scholar were completed using the following search terms: heart rate variability, autonomic nervous system, sympathetic nervous system, parasympathetic nervous system, affective state, mood and emotion in all possible combinations. All but one of the studies examined (N = 13), demonstrated significant associations between affect and HRV. Findings suggest negative affect, encompassing both diffused longer-term experiences (i.e., mood) as well as more focused short-term experiences (i.e., emotions), may be associated with a reduction in parasympathetic activity as measured through HRV parameters known to quantify parasympathetic activity (e.g., high frequency (HF)-HRV). HRV measures typically linked to reduction in parasympathetic activity appear to be linked to negative affective states in non-clinical populations. However, given the complex and possibly non-linear relationship between HRV and parasympathetic activity, further studies need to clarify specificity of these findings. Future studies should investigate the potential utility of HRV measures as biomarkers for monitoring changes in affective states and for early detection of onset and relapse of depression in patients with affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Gullett
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK.
| | - Zuzanna Zajkowska
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK
| | - Annabel Walsh
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK
| | - Ross Harper
- Limbic, Kemp House, 160 City Road, London EC1V 2NX, UK
| | - Valeria Mondelli
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychological Medicine, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
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Chan KL, Poller WC, Swirski FK, Russo SJ. Central regulation of stress-evoked peripheral immune responses. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:591-604. [PMID: 37626176 PMCID: PMC10848316 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Stress-linked psychiatric disorders, including anxiety and major depressive disorder, are associated with systemic inflammation. Recent studies have reported stress-induced alterations in haematopoiesis that result in monocytosis, neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia and, consequently, in the upregulation of pro-inflammatory processes in immunologically relevant peripheral tissues. There is now evidence that this peripheral inflammation contributes to the development of psychiatric symptoms as well as to common co-morbidities of psychiatric disorders such as metabolic syndrome and immunosuppression. Here, we review the specific brain and spinal regions, and the neuronal populations within them, that respond to stress and transmit signals to peripheral tissues via the autonomic nervous system or neuroendocrine pathways to influence immunological function. We comprehensively summarize studies that have employed retrograde tracing to define neurocircuits linking the brain to the bone marrow, spleen, gut, adipose tissue and liver. Moreover, we highlight studies that have used chemogenetic or optogenetic manipulation or intracerebroventricular administration of peptide hormones to control somatic immune responses. Collectively, this growing body of literature illustrates potential mechanisms through which stress signals are conveyed from the CNS to immune cells to regulate stress-relevant behaviours and comorbid pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny L Chan
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Wolfram C Poller
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
- Brain and Body Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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Junaković A, Skočić Hanžek M, Adamec I, Krbot Skorić M, Habek M. A complex interplay between autonomic symptoms and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Neurol Sci 2023; 44:3169-3179. [PMID: 37016063 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-06787-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the influence of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress on the results of COMPASS-31 in a large population of people referred to the head-up tilt test (HUTT) and healthy controls (HC). METHODS Nine hundred fifty-nine consecutive patients referred to HUTT and 518 HC were enrolled. All participants completed Composite Autonomic Symptom Score-31 (COMPASS-31). Stress symptoms were evaluated by Depression, Anxiety, and Stress-21 (DASS-21) questionnaire. We corrected the result of the COMPASS-31 with the independent predictors in order to improve the specificity of the test. RESULTS In both patients and HC, COMPASS-31 was higher in participants with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms (all p < 0.001). In a multivariable linear regression analysis, HC was negative, while female sex and symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were independent positive predictors of COMPASS-31. In HC, COMPASS-31 had a median of 7.913, and this value differentiated between HC and patients with a high sensitivity of 87% and low specificity of 50%. In order to adjust the value of COMPASS-31 with the parameters that were significant in the multivariable linear regression model, we calculated the new corrected COMAPSS-31 (cCOMPASS-31), which had comparable sensitivity of 77%, but an increased specificity of 73%. CONCLUSION This study has shown that symptoms of depression, anxiety, and/or stress worsen the perceived severity of autonomic symptoms in people with symptoms of orthostatic intolerance and healthy population. cCOMPASS-31 is a valuable tool that can help clinicians in discerning the true autonomic background of patients' complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamari Junaković
- Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Milena Skočić Hanžek
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivan Adamec
- Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Magdalena Krbot Skorić
- Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Habek
- Referral Center for Autonomic Nervous System Disorders, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000, Zagreb, Croatia.
- School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
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Al-Mahrouqi T, Al Alawi M, Freire RC. Dexmedetomidine in the Treatment of Depression: An Up-to-date Narrative Review. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2023; 19:e174501792307240. [PMID: 37916205 PMCID: PMC10507216 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v19-230823-2023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Depressive disorders (DD) are common, and their prevalence is expected to rise over the next decade. Depressive disorders are linked to significant morbidity and mortality. The clinical conundrum of depressive disorders lies in the heterogeneity of their phenomenology and etiology. Further, the currently available antidepressants have several limitations, including a delayed onset of action, limited efficacy, and an unfavorable side effect profile. In this review, Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a highly selective and potent α2-adrenergic receptor (α2-AR) agonist, is proposed as a potentially novel antidepressant with multiple mechanisms of action targeting various depression pathophysiological processes. These mechanisms include modulation of the noradrenergic system, regulation of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, influence on the Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels, and modulation of neurotransmitter systems, such as glutamate. The review begins with an introduction before moving on to a discussion of DEX's pharmacological features. The pathophysiological and phenomenological targets of DD are also explored, along with the review of the existing preclinical and clinical evidence for DEX's putative anti-depressant effects. Finally, the review ends by presenting the pertinent conclusions and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamadhir Al-Mahrouqi
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
- Psychiatry Residency Training Program, Oman Medical Speciality Board, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed Al Alawi
- Department of Behavioural Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Rafael C. Freire
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queens University, Kingston, Canada
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de, Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Mechlińska A, Wiglusz MS, Słupski J, Włodarczyk A, Cubała WJ. Exploring the Relationship between Mood Disorders and Coexisting Health Conditions: The Focus on Nutraceuticals. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1262. [PMID: 37759862 PMCID: PMC10526332 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13091262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder are the leading causes of global disability. Approximately 50% of patients fail to attain remission, prompting a pronounced focus on the significance of dietary patterns and specific nutrients within the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The connection between chronic diseases and mood disorders follows a bidirectional pattern: physical ailments are interrelated with affective disorders, and, concurrently, mood symptoms often precede chronic diseases and have the potential to worsen their prognosis. Nutraceuticals affect factors that could potentially impact the onset of mood disorders: monoamines and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and sleep quality. Furthermore, mood disorders rarely manifest in isolation. Typically, such patients concurrently experience other mental disorders or somatic comorbidities: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), etc., where providing nutritional support is also pertinent. To optimize the therapeutic approach for individuals with mood disorders, incorporating nutritional support may not solely ameliorate symptoms stemming directly from the mental condition, but also indirectly through interventions targeting comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mechlińska
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Smoluchowskiego 17, 80-214 Gdańsk, Poland; (M.S.W.); (J.S.); (A.W.)
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Luo Q, Bao K, Gao W, Xiang Y, Li M, Zhang Y. Joint effects of depressive status and body mass index on the risk of incident hypertension in aging population: evidence from a nationwide population-based cohort study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:608. [PMID: 37598204 PMCID: PMC10439533 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of depressive status (DS) on hypertension incidence is still controversial and has not been studied in Chinese middle-aged and elderly population. This study aimed to explore the relationship between DS and incident hypertension and analyze the joint effects of DS and body mass index (BMI) on hypertension incidence. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationwide population-based study. In 2013, DS was identified using scores from the 10-item Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) among eligible respondents from CHARLS, and hypertension occurrence was observed until 2018. The multiple Cox models were employed to calculate the associations between DS and hypertension incidence. In addition, we also computed the multiplicative interaction (MI) between DS and BMI of incident hypertension and assessed their additive interaction (AI) through relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP) or synthetic index (S). Positive AI was indicated by RERI > 0, AP > 0 or S > 1. RESULTS Over the 5-year follow-up, depressive symptoms increased the risk of hypertension incidence by 19% (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): (1.01, 1.41)), while depression was associated with a 24% increased risk (HR = 1.24; 95% CI: (1.03, 1.50)). Significant MIs between DS and overweight or obesity were observed and almost all of AI indexes showed positive joint effects on incident hypertension, of which the depression-obesity combination had the largest joint effect (RERI = 4.47, 95%CI: (0.28, 8.66); AP = 0.67, 95%CI: (0.50, 0.85); S = 4.86,95%CI: (2.66, 8.86)). CONCLUSION DS could lead to hypertension and this impact was amplified when coexisting with higher BMI. It highlighted a need for precise interventions targeting weight management and depression treatment in the aging population to prevent hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxia Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Kai Bao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, No. 222 South Tianshui Road, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
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45
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Uzawa H, Akiyama K, Furuyama H, Takeuchi S, Nishida Y. Autonomic responses to aerobic and resistance exercise in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290061. [PMID: 37578955 PMCID: PMC10424875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) show autonomic dysregulation after exercise, and the interventional effects of exercise on the autonomic dysregulation have not been elucidated. The objectives of this study were to reveal acute autonomic responses after aerobic and resistance exercises and the interventional effects of both exercises on autonomic dysregulation in patients with CMP. METHODS A systematic search using nine electronic databases was performed based on three key search terms: "chronic musculoskeletal pain," "autonomic nervous system," and "exercise." Data were extracted from measurements of the autonomic nervous system and pain. RESULTS We found a total of 1170 articles; 17 were finally included, incorporating 12 observational and five interventional studies. Although a comparator has not been specified, healthy controls were compared to patients with CMP in observational studies. Three of five interventional studies were pre-post study with healthy controls as a comparator or no controls. The other two interventional studies were randomized controlled trial with a different treatment e.g., stretching. There were four good, 10 fair, and three poor-quality articles. The total number of participants was 617, of which 551 were female. There was high heterogeneity among the five disease conditions and nine outcome measures. Following one-time exposure to aerobic and resistance exercises, abnormal autonomic responses (sympathetic activation and parasympathetic withdrawal), which were absent in healthy controls, were observed in patients with CMP. The effects of aerobic and resistance exercise as long-term interventions were unclear since we identified both positive effects and no change in the autonomic activities in patients with CMP. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates dysfunctional autonomic responses following one-time exposure to exercise and inconsistent interventional effects in the autonomic activities in patients with CMP. Appropriate therapeutic dose is necessary for studying the management of autonomic regulation and pain after exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironobu Uzawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuya Akiyama
- Rehabilitation Center, International University of Health and Welfare Narita hospital, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroto Furuyama
- Rehabilitation Center, International University of Health and Welfare Narita hospital, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinta Takeuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nishida
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences at Narita, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Chiba, Japan
- Rehabilitation Center, International University of Health and Welfare Narita hospital, Narita, Chiba, Japan
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Corrigan M, O'Rourke A, Moran B, Fletcher J, Harkin A. Inflammation in the pathogenesis of depression: a disorder of neuroimmune origin. Neuronal Signal 2023; 7:NS20220054. [PMID: 37457896 PMCID: PMC10345431 DOI: 10.1042/ns20220054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
There are several hypotheses concerning the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of major depression, which centre largely around adaptive changes in neuronal transmission and plasticity, neurogenesis, and circuit and regional connectivity. The immune and endocrine systems are commonly implicated in driving these changes. An intricate interaction of stress hormones, innate immune cells and the actions of soluble mediators of immunity within the nervous system is described as being associated with the symptoms of depression. Bridging endocrine and immune processes to neurotransmission and signalling within key cortical and limbic brain circuits are critical to understanding depression as a disorder of neuroimmune origins. Emergent areas of research include a growing recognition of the adaptive immune system, advances in neuroimaging techniques and mechanistic insights gained from transgenic animals. Elucidation of glial-neuronal interactions is providing additional avenues into promising areas of research, the development of clinically relevant disease models and the discovery of novel therapies. This narrative review focuses on molecular and cellular mechanisms that are influenced by inflammation and stress. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of our current understanding of depression as a disorder of neuroimmune origin, focusing on neuroendocrine and neuroimmune dysregulation in depression pathophysiology. Advances in current understanding lie in pursuit of relevant biomarkers, as the potential of biomarker signatures to improve clinical outcomes is yet to be fully realised. Further investigations to expand biomarker panels including integration with neuroimaging, utilising individual symptoms to stratify patients into more homogenous subpopulations and targeting the immune system for new treatment approaches will help to address current unmet clinical need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myles Corrigan
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
- Transpharmation Ireland, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aoife M. O'Rourke
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Barry Moran
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jean M. Fletcher
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biosciences Institute, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew Harkin
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
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Scatà C, Carandina A, Della Torre A, Arosio B, Bellocchi C, Dias Rodrigues G, Furlan L, Tobaldini E, Montano N. Social Isolation: A Narrative Review on the Dangerous Liaison between the Autonomic Nervous System and Inflammation. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1229. [PMID: 37374012 DOI: 10.3390/life13061229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Social isolation and feelings of loneliness are related to higher mortality and morbidity. Evidence from studies conducted during space missions, in space analogs, and during the COVID-19 pandemic underline the possible role of the autonomic nervous system in mediating this relation. Indeed, the activation of the sympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system enhances the cardiovascular response and activates the transcription of pro-inflammatory genes, which leads to a stimulation of inflammatory activation. This response is adaptive in the short term, in that it allows one to cope with a situation perceived as a threat, but in the long term it has detrimental effects on mental and physical health, leading to mood deflection and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, as well as imbalances in immune system activation. The aim of this narrative review is to present the contributions from space studies and insights from the lockdown period on the relationship between social isolation and autonomic nervous system activation, focusing on cardiovascular impairment and immune imbalance. Knowing the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this relationship is important as it enables us to structure effective countermeasures for the new challenges that lie ahead: the lengthening of space missions and Mars exploration, the specter of future pandemics, and the aging of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Scatà
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Angelica Carandina
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Alice Della Torre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bellocchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriel Dias Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovico Furlan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Tobaldini
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Brand J, McDonald SJ, Gawryluk JR, Christie BR, Shultz SR. Stress and traumatic brain injury: An inherent bi-directional relationship with temporal and synergistic complexities. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 151:105242. [PMID: 37225064 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stress are prevalent worldwide and can both result in life-altering health problems. While stress often occurs in the absence of TBI, TBI inherently involves some element of stress. Furthermore, because there is pathophysiological overlap between stress and TBI, it is likely that stress influences TBI outcomes. However, there are temporal complexities in this relationship (e.g., when the stress occurs) that have been understudied despite their potential importance. This paper begins by introducing TBI and stress and highlighting some of their possible synergistic mechanisms including inflammation, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, and autonomic nervous system dysfunction. We next describe different temporal scenarios involving TBI and stress and review the available literature on this topic. In doing so we find initial evidence that in some contexts stress is a highly influential factor in TBI pathophysiology and recovery, and vice versa. We also identify important knowledge gaps and suggest future research avenues that will increase our understanding of this inherent bidirectional relationship and could one day result in improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Brand
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stuart J McDonald
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jodie R Gawryluk
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Brian R Christie
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Faculty of Health Sciences, Vancouver Island University, Nanaimo, British Columbia, Canada.
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Senthil G, Selvaganesh S, Nessapan T, Veeraragavan VP, Eswaramoorthy R. Comparison of pre and post-operative stresses among Indian patients undergoing intra-oral grafting procedures. Bioinformation 2023; 19:484-487. [PMID: 37822831 PMCID: PMC10563578 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
With the advent of implantology as an important means to rehabilitate the edentulous patients, the neglect over the years post extraction leads to severe bone loss. This can be corrected by grafting procedures. Grafting procedures are complex as it takes into account various factors such as the type of graft material, surgical site, surgeon's skill and the patient's compliance. Totally 20 patients ( male n=10 ; female n=10) were included in the study, 14 patients underwent GBR, 4 patients underwent direct sinus lifts and 2 underwent block grafts. The stress levels of the patient also is an important factor to consider as varying cortisol levels will be detrimental to the healing of the surgical site. Premedication with painkillers and corticosteroids can help patients comply with the treatment and feel less anxious. The stress levels of the patient were assessed using State trait anxiety index, 50.6± 6.9 was the pre-operative stress and 36.95± 9.3 was the post-operative stress. Stress levels were significantly greater before the procedure than after it, according to statistical analysis. The females were significantly having increased stress both pre and post-operatively. Also, the patients in the age group of 41-50 years showed increased amounts of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giri Senthil
- Department of Implantology , Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science(SIMATS), Saveetha university, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Sahana Selvaganesh
- Department of Implantology , Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science(SIMATS), Saveetha university, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Thiyaneswaran Nessapan
- Department of Implantology , Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science(SIMATS), Saveetha university, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraragavan
- Department of Biochemistry , Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science(SIMATS), Saveetha university, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Rajalakshmanan Eswaramoorthy
- Department of Biomaterials (Green Lab), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science(SIMATS), Saveetha university, Chennai 600077, India
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Fernandez Rojas R, Brown N, Waddington G, Goecke R. A systematic review of neurophysiological sensing for the assessment of acute pain. NPJ Digit Med 2023; 6:76. [PMID: 37100924 PMCID: PMC10133304 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-023-00810-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain is a complex and personal experience that presents diverse measurement challenges. Different sensing technologies can be used as a surrogate measure of pain to overcome these challenges. The objective of this review is to summarise and synthesise the published literature to: (a) identify relevant non-invasive physiological sensing technologies that can be used for the assessment of human pain, (b) describe the analytical tools used in artificial intelligence (AI) to decode pain data collected from sensing technologies, and (c) describe the main implications in the application of these technologies. A literature search was conducted in July 2022 to query PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus. Papers published between January 2013 and July 2022 are considered. Forty-eight studies are included in this literature review. Two main sensing technologies (neurological and physiological) are identified in the literature. The sensing technologies and their modality (unimodal or multimodal) are presented. The literature provided numerous examples of how different analytical tools in AI have been applied to decode pain. This review identifies different non-invasive sensing technologies, their analytical tools, and the implications for their use. There are significant opportunities to leverage multimodal sensing and deep learning to improve accuracy of pain monitoring systems. This review also identifies the need for analyses and datasets that explore the inclusion of neural and physiological information together. Finally, challenges and opportunities for designing better systems for pain assessment are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Fernandez Rojas
- Human-Centred Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Nicholas Brown
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gordon Waddington
- Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Roland Goecke
- Human-Centred Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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