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Guo X, He L, Xu W, Wang W, Feng X, Fu Y, Zhang X, Ding RB, Qi X, Bao J, Luo S. αO-Conotoxin GeXIVA[1,2] Suppresses In Vivo Tumor Growth of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Inhibiting AKT-mTOR, STAT3 and NF-κB Signaling Mediated Proliferation and Inducing Apoptosis. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:252. [PMID: 38921563 PMCID: PMC11205035 DOI: 10.3390/md22060252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most problematic subtype. There is an urgent need to develop novel drug candidates for TNBC. Marine toxins are a valuable source for drug discovery. We previously identified αO-conotoxin GeXIVA[1,2] from Conus generalis, which is a selective antagonist of α9 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Recent studies indicated that α9 nAChR expression is positively correlated with breast cancer development; thus, α9 nAChR could serve as a therapeutic target for breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the in vivo antitumor effects of GeXIVA[1,2] on TNBC and to elucidate its underlying anticancer mechanism. Our data showed that GeXIVA[1,2] effectively suppressed 4T1 tumor growth in vivo at a very low dose of 0.1 nmol per mouse. Our results uncovered that the antitumor mechanism of GeXIVA[1,2] simultaneously induced apoptosis and blocked proliferation. Further investigations revealed that GeXIVA[1,2]-induced Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis was achieved through regulating Bax/Bcl-2 balance, and GeXIVA[1,2]-inhibited proliferation was mediated by the downregulation of the AKT-mTOR, STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Our study provides valuable arguments to demonstrate the potential of GeXIVA[1,2] as a novel marine-derived anticancer drug candidate for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Leping He
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Wanrong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xiaoli Feng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Yuanfeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Ren-Bo Ding
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Xingzhu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
| | - Jiaolin Bao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao 999078, China
| | - Sulan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (X.G.); (L.H.); (W.X.); (W.W.); (X.F.); (Y.F.); (X.Z.); (R.-B.D.); (X.Q.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Pechlivanidou M, Vakrakou AG, Karagiorgou K, Tüzün E, Karachaliou E, Chroni E, Afrantou T, Grigoriadis N, Argyropoulou C, Paschalidis N, Şanlı E, Tsantila A, Dandoulaki M, Ninou EI, Zisimopoulou P, Mantegazza R, Andreetta F, Dudeck L, Steiner J, Lindstrom JM, Tzanetakos D, Voumvourakis K, Giannopoulos S, Tsivgoulis G, Tzartos SJ, Tzartos J. Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antibodies in autoimmune central nervous system disorders. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1388998. [PMID: 38863705 PMCID: PMC11165060 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1388998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are abundant in the central nervous system (CNS), playing critical roles in brain function. Antigenicity of nAChRs has been well demonstrated with antibodies to ganglionic AChR subtypes (i.e., subunit α3 of α3β4-nAChR) and muscle AChR autoantibodies, thus making nAChRs candidate autoantigens in autoimmune CNS disorders. Antibodies to several membrane receptors, like NMDAR, have been identified in autoimmune encephalitis syndromes (AES), but many AES patients have yet to be unidentified for autoantibodies. This study aimed to develop of a cell-based assay (CBA) that selectively detects potentially pathogenic antibodies to subunits of the major nAChR subtypes (α4β2- and α7-nAChRs) and its use for the identification of such antibodies in "orphan" AES cases. Methods The study involved screening of sera derived from 1752 patients from Greece, Turkey and Italy, who requested testing for AES-associated antibodies, and from 1203 "control" patients with other neuropsychiatric diseases, from the same countries or from Germany. A sensitive live-CBA with α4β2-or α7-nAChR-transfected cells was developed to detect antibodies against extracellular domains of nAChR major subunits. Flow cytometry (FACS) was performed to confirm the CBA findings and indirect immunohistochemistry (IHC) to investigate serum autoantibodies' binding to rat brain tissue. Results Three patients were found to be positive for serum antibodies against nAChR α4 subunit by CBA and the presence of the specific antibodies was quantitatively confirmed by FACS. We detected specific binding of patient-derived serum anti-nAChR α4 subunit antibodies to rat cerebellum and hippocampus tissue. No serum antibodies bound to the α7-nAChR-transfected or control-transfected cells, and no control serum antibodies bound to the transfected cells. All patients positive for serum anti-nAChRs α4 subunit antibodies were negative for other AES-associated antibodies. All three of the anti-nAChR α4 subunit serum antibody-positive patients fall into the AES spectrum, with one having Rasmussen encephalitis, another autoimmune meningoencephalomyelitis and another being diagnosed with possible autoimmune encephalitis. Conclusion This study lends credence to the hypothesis that the major nAChR subunits are autoimmune targets in some cases of AES and establishes a sensitive live-CBA for the identification of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aigli G. Vakrakou
- First Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Aeginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Karagiorgou
- Tzartos NeuroDiagnostics, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Erdem Tüzün
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Eleni Karachaliou
- Tzartos NeuroDiagnostics, Athens, Greece
- Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elisabeth Chroni
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Theodora Afrantou
- Second Department of Neurology, “AHEPA“ University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Grigoriadis
- Second Department of Neurology, “AHEPA“ University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Paschalidis
- Mass Cytometry-CyTOF Laboratory, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens (BRFAA), Athens, Greece
| | - Elif Şanlı
- Department of Neuroscience, Aziz Sancar Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | | | | | | | | | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Andreetta
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Leon Dudeck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jon Martin Lindstrom
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dimitrios Tzanetakos
- Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Voumvourakis
- Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Giannopoulos
- Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Tsivgoulis
- Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Socrates J. Tzartos
- Tzartos NeuroDiagnostics, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - John Tzartos
- Second Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, “Attikon” University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Jakimovski D, Dorn RP, Regno MD, Bartnik A, Bergsland N, Ramanathan M, Dwyer MG, Benedict RHB, Zivadinov R, Szigeti K. Human restricted CHRFAM7A gene increases brain efficiency. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1359028. [PMID: 38711941 PMCID: PMC11070550 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1359028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction CHRFAM7A, a uniquely human fusion gene, has been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, anxiety, and attention deficit disorder. Understanding the physiological function of CHRFAM7A in the human brain is the first step to uncovering its role in disease. CHRFAM7A was identified as a potent modulator of intracellular calcium and an upstream regulator of Rac1 leading to actin cytoskeleton reorganization and a switch from filopodia to lamellipodia implicating a more efficient neuronal structure. We performed a neurocognitive-MRI correlation exploratory study on 46 normal human subjects to explore the effect of CHRFAM7A on human brain. Methods Dual locus specific genotyping of CHRFAM7A was performed on genomic DNA to determine copy number (TaqMan assay) and orientation (capillary sequencing) of the CHRFAM7A alleles. As only the direct allele is expressed at the protein level and affects α7 nAChR function, direct allele carriers and non-carriers are compared for neuropsychological and MRI measures. Subjects underwent neuropsychological testing to measure motor (Timed 25-foot walk test, 9-hole peg test), cognitive processing speed (Symbol Digit Modalities Test), Learning and memory (California Verbal Learning Test immediate and delayed recall, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised immediate and delayed recall) and Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen, Fatigue Severity Scale. All subjects underwent MRI scanning on the same 3 T GE scanner using the same protocol. Global and tissue-specific volumes were determined using validated cross-sectional algorithms including FSL's Structural Image Evaluation, using Normalization, of Atrophy (SIENAX) and FSL's Integrated Registration and Segmentation Tool (FIRST) on lesion-inpainted images. The cognitive tests were age and years of education-adjusted using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Age-adjusted analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed on the MRI data. Results CHRFAM7A direct allele carrier and non-carrier groups included 33 and 13 individuals, respectively. Demographic variables (age and years of education) were comparable. CHRFAM7A direct allele carriers demonstrated an upward shift in cognitive performance including cognitive processing speed, learning and memory, reaching statistical significance in visual immediate recall (FDR corrected p = 0.018). The shift in cognitive performance was associated with smaller whole brain volume (uncorrected p = 0.046) and lower connectivity by resting state functional MRI in the visual network (FDR corrected p = 0.027) accentuating the cognitive findings. Conclusion These data suggest that direct allele carriers harbor a more efficient brain consistent with the cellular biology of actin cytoskeleton and synaptic gain of function. Further larger human studies of cognitive measures correlated with MRI and functional imaging are needed to decipher the impact of CHRFAM7A on brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Jakimovski
- Department of Neurology, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ryu P. Dorn
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Megan Del Regno
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Alexander Bartnik
- Department of Neurology, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Niels Bergsland
- Department of Neurology, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Murali Ramanathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Michael G. Dwyer
- Department of Neurology, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Center for Biomedical Imaging at the Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Ralph H. B. Benedict
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Department of Neurology, Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Center for Biomedical Imaging at the Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Kinga Szigeti
- Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States
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Zhang K, Chen L, Chen J, Huang H, Liu K, Zhang Y, Yang J, Wu S. Mutation V65I in the β1 Subunit of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Confers Neonicotinoid and Sulfoxaflor Resistance in Insects. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5671-5681. [PMID: 38442746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids have been widely used to control pests with remarkable effectiveness. Excessive insecticides have led to serious insect resistance. Mutations of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) are one of the reasons for neonicotinoid resistance conferred in various agricultural pests. Two mutations, V65I and V104I, were found in the nAChR β1 subunit of two neonicotinoid-resistant aphid populations. However, the specific functions of the two mutations remain unclear. In this study, we cloned and identified four nAChR subunits (α1, α2, α8, and β1) of thrips and found them to be highly homologous to the nAChR subunits of other insects. Subsequently, we successfully expressed two subtypes nAChR (α1/α2/α8/β1 and α1/α8/β1) by coinjecting three cofactors for the first time in thrips, and α1/α8/β1 showed abundant current rapidly. Acetylcholine, neonicotinoids, and sulfoxaflor exhibited different activation capacities for the two subtypes of nAChRs. Finally, V65I was found to significantly reduce the binding ability of nAChR to neonicotinoids and sulfoxaflor through electrophysiology and computer simulations. V104I caused a decrease in agonist affinity (pEC50) but an increase in the efficacy (Imax) of nAChR against neonicotinoids and reduced the binding ability of nAChR to sulfoxaflor. This study provides theoretical and technical support for studying the molecular mechanisms of neonicotinoid resistance in pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
| | - Longwei Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
| | - Jianwen Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
| | - Huixiu Huang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
| | - Kaiyang Liu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
| | - Jingfang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- National Nanfan Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572024, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural Affairs, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China
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Sun Q, Jin C. Cell signaling and epigenetic regulation of nicotine-induced carcinogenesis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123426. [PMID: 38295934 PMCID: PMC10939829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Nicotine, a naturally occurring tobacco alkaloid responsible for tobacco addiction, has long been considered non-carcinogenic. However, emerging evidence suggests that nicotine may possess carcinogenic properties in mice and could be a potential carcinogen in humans. This review aims to summarize the potential molecular mechanisms underlying nicotine-induced carcinogenesis, with a specific focus on epigenetic regulation and the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in addition to genotoxicity and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, we explore a novel hypothesis regarding nicotine's carcinogenicity involving the downregulation of stem-loop binding protein (SLBP), a critical regulator of canonical histone mRNA, and the polyadenylation of canonical histone mRNA. By shedding light on these mechanisms, this review underscores the need for further research to elucidate the carcinogenic potential of nicotine and its implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110013, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China
| | - Chunyuan Jin
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10010, USA; Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
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Soares ÉN, Costa ACDS, Ferrolho GDJ, Ureshino RP, Getachew B, Costa SL, da Silva VDA, Tizabi Y. Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Glial Cells as Molecular Target for Parkinson's Disease. Cells 2024; 13:474. [PMID: 38534318 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability that also includes non-motor symptoms such as mood dysregulation. Dopamine (DA) is the primary neurotransmitter involved in this disease, but cholinergic imbalance has also been implicated. Current intervention in PD is focused on replenishing central DA, which provides remarkable temporary symptomatic relief but does not address neuronal loss and the progression of the disease. It has been well established that neuronal nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nAChRs) can regulate DA release and that nicotine itself may have neuroprotective effects. Recent studies identified nAChRs in nonneuronal cell types, including glial cells, where they may regulate inflammatory responses. Given the crucial role of neuroinflammation in dopaminergic degeneration and the involvement of microglia and astrocytes in this response, glial nAChRs may provide a novel therapeutic target in the prevention and/or treatment of PD. In this review, following a brief discussion of PD, we focus on the role of glial cells and, specifically, their nAChRs in PD pathology and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Érica Novaes Soares
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
| | - Ana Carla Dos Santos Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
| | - Gabriel de Jesus Ferrolho
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Portes Ureshino
- Department of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema 09961-400, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Endocrinology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruk Getachew
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
| | - Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-902, BA, Brazil
| | - Yousef Tizabi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Howard University, 520 W Street NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA
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Tsuboi D, Nagai T, Yoshimoto J, Kaibuchi K. Neuromodulator regulation and emotions: insights from the crosstalk of cell signaling. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1376762. [PMID: 38516040 PMCID: PMC10954900 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1376762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The unraveling of the regulatory mechanisms that govern neuronal excitability is a major challenge for neuroscientists worldwide. Neurotransmitters play a critical role in maintaining the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the brain. The balance controls cognitive functions and emotional responses. Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the primary excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters of the brain, respectively. Disruptions in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory transmission are implicated in several psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia. Neuromodulators such as dopamine and acetylcholine control cognition and emotion by regulating the excitatory/inhibitory balance initiated by glutamate and GABA. Dopamine is closely associated with reward-related behaviors, while acetylcholine plays a role in aversive and attentional behaviors. Although the physiological roles of neuromodulators have been extensively studied neuroanatomically and electrophysiologically, few researchers have explored the interplay between neuronal excitability and cell signaling and the resulting impact on emotion regulation. This review provides an in-depth understanding of "cell signaling crosstalk" in the context of neuronal excitability and emotion regulation. It also anticipates that the next generation of neurochemical analyses, facilitated by integrated phosphorylation studies, will shed more light on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tsuboi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Wang J, Zhang Z, Yu N, Wu X, Guo Z, Yan Y, Liu Z. Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel superfamily of Pardosa pseudoannulata: Implication for natural enemy safety. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101190. [PMID: 38278045 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Cys-loop ligand-gated channels mediate neurotransmission in insects and are receptors for many insecticides. Some insecticides acting on cysLGIC also have lethal effects on non-targeting organisms, but the mechanism of this negative effect is unclear due to information absence. The identification and analysis of cysLGIC family in Pardosa pseudoannulata, a pond wolf spider, can deepen the understanding of insecticides for natural enemy safety. Thirty-four cysLGIC genes were identified in P. pseudoannulata genome, including nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid gated chloride channels, glutamate-gated chloride channels, histamine-gated chloride channels, and pH-sensitive chloride channels. The expansion of GABACls and HisCls accounts for the large number of cysLGICs in P. pseudoannulata, and the alternative splicing events in nAChR and RDL subunits enriched the diversity of the superfamily. Most cysLGIC genes show the highest expression in brain and lowest expression in the early-egg sac stage. Variable residues (R81, V83, R135, N137, F190, and W197) in P. pseudoannulata nAChR β subunits and critical differences in α6 subunit TM4 region compared with insects would apply for the insensitivity to neonicotinoids and spinosyn. In contrast, avermectin and dieldrin may be lethal to P. pseudoannulata due to the similar drugs binding sites in GluCls compared with insects. These findings will provide a valuable clue for natural enemy protection and environmentally friendly insecticide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Wang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Na Yu
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xun Wu
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zonglei Guo
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yangyang Yan
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
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9
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Shankar K, Ramborger J, Bonnet-Zahedi S, Carrette LLG, George O. Acute nicotine intake increases feeding behavior through decreasing glucagon signaling in dependent male and female rats. Horm Behav 2024; 159:105447. [PMID: 37926623 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2023.105447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic use of nicotine is known to dysregulate metabolic signaling through altering circulating levels of feeding-related hormones, contributing to the onset of disorders like type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about the acute effects of nicotine on hormonal signaling. We previously identified an acute increase in food intake following acute nicotine, and we sought to determine whether this behavior was due to a change in hormone levels. We first identified that acute nicotine injection produces an increase in feeding behavior in dependent rats, but not nondependent rats. We confirmed that chronic nicotine use increases circulating levels of insulin, leptin, and ghrelin, and these correlate with rats' body weight and food intake. Acute nicotine injection in dependent animals decreased circulating GLP-1 and glucagon levels, and administration of glucagon prior to acute nicotine injection prevented the acute increase in feeding behavior. Thus, acute nicotine injection increases feeding behavior in dependent rats by decreasing glucagon signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kokila Shankar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jarryd Ramborger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sélène Bonnet-Zahedi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Lieselot L G Carrette
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Olivier George
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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10
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Ligonniere S, Raymond V, Goven D. Use of double-stranded RNA targeting β2 divergent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit to control pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum at larval and adult stages. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:896-904. [PMID: 37816139 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the use of the RNA interference technology (RNAi) has emerged as one of the new strategies for species-specific control of insect pests. Its specificity depends on the distinctiveness of the target gene sequence for a given species. In this work, we assessed in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (A. pisum) the use of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) that targets the β2 divergent nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit (dsRNA-β2), which shares low sequence identity with other subunits, to control populations of this pest at different developmental stages. Because nAChRs are targeted by neonicotinoid insecticides such as imidacloprid, we also assessed the effect of dsRNA-β2 coupled to this insecticide on aphid survival. Finally, because the effect of a control agent on beneficial insect must be considered before any use of new pest management strategies, the acute toxicity of dsRNA-β2 combined with imidacloprid was evaluated on honeybee Apis mellifera. RESULTS In this work, we demonstrated that dsRNA-β2 alone has an insecticidal effect on aphid larvae and adults. Moreover, dsRNA-β2 and imidacloprid effects on aphid larvae and adults were additive, meaning that dsRNA-β2 did not alter the efficacy of imidacloprid on these two developmental stages. Also, no obvious acute toxicity on Apis mellifera was reported. CONCLUSION Using RNAi that targets β2 divergent nAChR subunit is effective alone or combined with imidacloprid to control A. pisum at larval and adult stages. Because no obvious Apis mellifera mortality has been reported, this RNAi-based pest management strategy should be considered to control insect pest. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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11
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Gotti C, Clementi F, Zoli M. Auxiliary protein and chaperone regulation of neuronal nicotinic receptor subtype expression and function. Pharmacol Res 2024; 200:107067. [PMID: 38218358 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are a family of pentameric, ligand-gated ion channels that are located on the surface of neurons and non-neuronal cells and have multiple physiological and pathophysiological functions. In order to reach the cell surface, many nAChR subtypes require the help of chaperone and/or auxiliary/accessory proteins for their assembly, trafficking, pharmacological modulation, and normal functioning in vivo. The use of powerful genome-wide cDNA screening has led to the identification and characterisation of the molecules and mechanisms that participate in the assembly and trafficking of receptor subtypes, including chaperone and auxiliary or accessory proteins. The aim of this review is to describe the latest findings concerning nAChR chaperones and auxiliary proteins and pharmacological chaperones, and how some of them control receptor biogenesis or regulate channel activation and pharmacology. Some auxiliary proteins are subtype selective, some regulate various subtypes, and some not only modulate nAChRs but also target other receptors and signalling pathways. We also discuss how changes in auxiliary proteins may be involved in nAChR dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.
| | - Francesco Clementi
- CNR, Institute of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology (CfNN), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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12
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Barrantes FJ. Modulation of a rapid neurotransmitter receptor-ion channel by membrane lipids. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1328875. [PMID: 38274273 PMCID: PMC10808158 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1328875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane lipids modulate the proteins embedded in the bilayer matrix by two non-exclusive mechanisms: direct or indirect. The latter comprise those effects mediated by the physicochemical state of the membrane bilayer, whereas direct modulation entails the more specific regulatory effects transduced via recognition sites on the target membrane protein. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), the paradigm member of the pentameric ligand-gated ion channel (pLGIC) superfamily of rapid neurotransmitter receptors, is modulated by both mechanisms. Reciprocally, the nAChR protein exerts influence on its surrounding interstitial lipids. Folding, conformational equilibria, ligand binding, ion permeation, topography, and diffusion of the nAChR are modulated by membrane lipids. The knowledge gained from biophysical studies of this prototypic membrane protein can be applied to other neurotransmitter receptors and most other integral membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Barrantes
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina (UCA)–National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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13
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Rasmi Y, Shokati A, Hatamkhani S, Farnamian Y, Naderi R, Jalali L. Assessment of the relationship between the dopaminergic pathway and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, with related neuropathological features, and potential therapeutic approaches in COVID-19 infection. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2506. [PMID: 38282395 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Dopamine is a known catecholamine neurotransmitter involved in several physiological processes, including motor control, motivation, reward, cognition, and immune function. Dopamine receptors are widely distributed throughout the nervous system and in immune cells. Several viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus and Japanese encephalitis virus, can use dopaminergic receptors to replicate in the nervous system and are involved in viral neuropathogenesis. In addition, studies suggest that dopaminergic receptors may play a role in the progression and pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. When SARS-CoV-2 binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors on the surface of neuronal cells, the spike protein of the virus can bind to dopaminergic receptors on neighbouring cells to accelerate its life cycle and exacerbate neurological symptoms. In addition, recent research has shown that dopamine is an important regulator of the immune-neuroendocrine system. Most immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopamine-related proteins, indicating the importance of dopaminergic immune regulation. The increase in dopamine concentration during SARS-CoV2 infection may reduce immunity (innate and adaptive) that promotes viral spread, which could lead to neuronal damage. In addition, dopaminergic signalling in the nervous system may be affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID -19 can cause various neurological symptoms as it interacts with the immune system. One possible treatment strategy for COVID -19 patients could be the use of dopamine antagonists. To fully understand how to protect the neurological system and immune cells from the virus, we need to study the pathophysiology of the dopamine system in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Rasmi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ameneh Shokati
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Hatamkhani
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Farnamian
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Roya Naderi
- Nephrology and Kidney Transplant Research Center, Clinical Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ladan Jalali
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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14
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George AA, John SJ, Lucero LM, Eaton JB, Jaiswal E, Christensen SB, Gajewiak J, Watkins M, Cao Y, Olivera BM, Im W, McIntosh JM, Whiteaker P. Analogs of α-conotoxin PnIC selectively inhibit α7β2- over α7-only subtype nicotinic acetylcholine receptors via a novel allosteric mechanism. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23374. [PMID: 38161283 PMCID: PMC10782225 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to identify and characterize the first ligands capable of selectively identifying nicotinic acetylcholine receptors containing α7 and β2 subunits (α7β2-nAChR subtype). Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons express α7β2-nAChR. Here, they appear to mediate neuronal dysfunction induced by the elevated levels of oligomeric amyloid-β associated with early Alzheimer's disease. Additional work indicates that α7β2-nAChR are expressed across several further critically important cholinergic and GABAergic neuronal circuits within the central nervous system. Further studies, however, are significantly hindered by the inability of currently available ligands to distinguish heteromeric α7β2-nAChR from the closely related and more widespread homomeric α7-only-nAChR subtype. Functional screening using two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology identified a family of α7β2-nAChR-selective analogs of α-conotoxin PnIC (α-CtxPnIC). A combined electrophysiology, functional kinetics, site-directed mutagenesis, and molecular dynamics approach was used to further characterize the α7β2-nAChR selectivity and site of action of these α-CtxPnIC analogs. We determined that α7β2-nAChR selectivity of α-CtxPnIC analogs arises from interactions at a site distinct from the orthosteric agonist-binding site shared between α7β2- and α7-only-nAChR. As numerous previously identified α-Ctx ligands are competitive antagonists of orthosteric agonist-binding sites, this study profoundly expands the scope of use of α-Ctx ligands (which have already provided important nAChR research and translational breakthroughs). More immediately, analogs of α-CtxPnIC promise to enable, for the first time, both comprehensive mapping of the distribution of α7β2-nAChR and detailed investigations of their physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A. George
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
| | - Sabin J. John
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
- Department of Life SciencesUniversity of BathBathUK
| | - Linda M. Lucero
- Department of NeurobiologyBarrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - J. Brek Eaton
- Department of NeurobiologyBarrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Ekta Jaiswal
- Department of NeurobiologyBarrow Neurological InstitutePhoenixArizonaUSA
| | | | - Joanna Gajewiak
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Maren Watkins
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Yiwei Cao
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Wonpil Im
- Department of ChemistryLehigh UniversityBethlehemPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - J. Michael McIntosh
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- George E. Wahlen Veterans Affairs Medical CenterSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Paul Whiteaker
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of MedicineVirginia Commonwealth UniversityRichmondVirginiaUSA
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15
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Mugayar AA, da Silva Guimarães G, de Oliveira PHT, Miranda RL, Dos Santos AA. Apoptosis in the neuroprotective effect of α7 nicotinic receptor in neurodegenerative models. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:1795-1802. [PMID: 37615647 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The α7 subtype of nicotinic receptors (α7 nAChRs) is one of the most abundant nicotinic receptor subtypes in the central nervous system (CNS) and both neurons and nonneuronal cells express α7 nAChRs. When activated, α7 nAChRs become permeable to cations and promote cellular responses such as anti-apoptotic signaling by modulating the caspases and proteins of the Bcl-2 family. Neuroprotection is an important function of these receptors, promoting neuronal survival under pathological conditions, including situations of stress and neuronal degeneration. Studies have demonstrated the relationship between the activation of these receptors and the reduction of neuronal or glial cell injury, by controlling apoptotic processes in different models, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, one of the most important signaling pathways activated by α7 nAChRs is the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, which promotes the stimulation of anti-apoptotic molecules of the Bcl-2 family, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, and reduces the expression of caspases and proapoptotic molecules, resulting in cell survival. In Alzheimer's models, the literature shows that α7 nAChR activation attenuates Aβ-induced neurotoxicity through modulation of different intrinsic apoptotic pathways via PI3K/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In this review, we provide an up-to-date summary of the current evidence on the relationship between the activation of α7 nAChRs, a subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and its role in neuroprotection by modulating apoptotic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Amorim Mugayar
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Interações Neuroquímicas, Instituto Biomédico, Bloco E, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Giovanna da Silva Guimarães
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Interações Neuroquímicas, Instituto Biomédico, Bloco E, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Tavares de Oliveira
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Interações Neuroquímicas, Instituto Biomédico, Bloco E, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Renan Lyra Miranda
- Laboratório de Neuropatologia e Genética Molecular, Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Araujo Dos Santos
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Interações Neuroquímicas, Instituto Biomédico, Bloco E, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
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16
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Luo Y, Yang Y, Schneider C, Balle T. The Anti-Nociceptive Effects of Nicotine in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1665. [PMID: 38139792 PMCID: PMC10747127 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain can have a serious impact on a patient's physical, mental, and social health, often causing their quality of life to decline. Various nicotine dosage forms, such as nicotine patches and nasal spray, have been developed and used as analgesics in clinical settings. However, there is controversy over the anti-nociceptive effects of nicotine among different clinical trials. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to quantify the analgesic effect of nicotine patches, nicotine nasal spray, and tobacco smoking on pain in humans. METHODS Relevant articles published in English prior to July 2023 were identified using the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase online databases in accordance with PRISMA (2020) guidelines. Two reviewers independently screened and selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the included studies using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). RStudio was used for data synthesis, heterogeneity assessment, sensitivity analysis, publication bias assessment, trim-and-fill analyses, and generating forest plots. RESULTS Sixteen eligible articles, including k = 5 studies of pain tolerance (n = 210), k = 5 studies of pain threshold (n = 210), and k = 12 studies of pain scores (N = 1249), were included for meta-analysis. Meta-analytic integration for pain threshold (Hedges' g = 0.28, 95% CI = 0-0.55, Z = 1.99, p = 0.05) and pain tolerance (Hedges' g = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.05-0.59, Z = 2.30, p = 0.02) revealed that nicotine administered via tobacco smoke generated acute analgesic effects to thermal stimuli. Meta-analytic integration for pain scores revealed that nicotine had a weak anti-nociceptive effect on postoperative pain of -0.37 (95% CI = -0.77 to 0.03, Z = -1.80) but with no statistical significance (p = 0.07). In addition, a limited number of included studies revealed that long-term smoking produced hyperalgesia that may be characterized as small to medium in magnitude (Hedges' g = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.29-0.64, Z = 5.33, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION These results help to clarify the mixed outcomes of trials and may ultimately inform the treatment of pain. We observed that acute nicotine administration prolonged the laboratory-induced pain threshold and tolerance time and may mildly relieve postoperative pain. In addition, long-term tobacco smoking may have a nociceptive effect on different types of chronic pain. More research is needed to determine the anti-nociceptive effects of nicotine in humans, and to understand the optimal timing, dose, and method of delivery of nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Luo
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.L.)
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Yating Yang
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.L.)
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
| | - Carl Schneider
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.L.)
| | - Thomas Balle
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (Y.L.)
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, 94 Mallet Street, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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17
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Sluchanko NN, Kapitonova AA, Shulepko MA, Kukushkin ID, Kulbatskii DS, Tugaeva KV, Varfolomeeva LA, Minyaev ME, Boyko KM, Popov VO, Kirpichnikov MP, Lyukmanova EN. Crystal structure reveals canonical recognition of the phosphorylated cytoplasmic loop of human alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by 14-3-3 protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:91-96. [PMID: 37804592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels composed of five homologous subunits. The homopentameric α7-nAChR, abundantly expressed in the brain, is involved in the regulation of the neuronal plasticity and memory and undergoes phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA). Here, we extracted native α7-nAChR from murine brain, validated its assembly by cryo-EM and showed that phosphorylation by PKA in vitro enables its interaction with the abundant human brain protein 14-3-3ζ. Bioinformatic analysis narrowed the putative 14-3-3-binding site down to the fragment of the intracellular loop (ICL) containing Ser365 (Q361RRCSLASVEMS372), known to be phosphorylated in vivo. We reconstructed the 14-3-3ζ/ICL peptide complex and determined its structure by X-ray crystallography, which confirmed the Ser365 phosphorylation-dependent canonical recognition of the ICL by 14-3-3. A common mechanism of nAChRs' regulation by ICL phosphorylation and 14-3-3 binding that potentially affects nAChR activity, stoichiometry, and surface expression is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai N Sluchanko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia.
| | - Anna A Kapitonova
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Shulepko
- Faculty of Biology, MSU-BIT Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518172, China
| | - Ilya D Kukushkin
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, 141701, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Kulbatskii
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Kristina V Tugaeva
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Larisa A Varfolomeeva
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Mikhail E Minyaev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin M Boyko
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia
| | - Vladimir O Popov
- A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Federal Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119071, Russia; Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University "Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology", Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University "Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology", Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Lyukmanova
- Faculty of Biology, MSU-BIT Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518172, China; Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Institutskiy per. 9, Dolgoprudny, Moscow region, 141701, Russia; Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia; Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University "Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology", Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
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18
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Esaki H, Deyama S, Izumi S, Katsura A, Nishikawa K, Nishitani N, Kaneda K. Varenicline enhances recognition memory via α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the medial prefrontal cortex in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2023; 239:109672. [PMID: 37506875 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies postulated that chronic administration of varenicline, a partial and full agonist at α4β2 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), respectively, enhances recognition memory. However, whether its acute administration is effective, on which brain region(s) it acts, and in what signaling it is involved, remain unknown. To address these issues, we conducted a novel object recognition test using male C57BL/6J mice, focusing on the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region associated with nicotine-induced enhancement of recognition memory. Systemic administration of varenicline before the training dose-dependently enhanced recognition memory. Intra-mPFC varenicline infusion also enhanced recognition memory, and this enhancement was blocked by intra-mPFC co-infusion of a selective α7, but not α4β2, nAChR antagonist. Consistent with this, intra-mPFC infusion of a selective α7 nAChR agonist augmented object recognition memory. Furthermore, intra-mPFC co-infusion of U-73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, or 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborane (2-APB), an inositol trisphosphate (IP3) receptor inhibitor, suppressed the varenicline-induced memory enhancement, suggesting that α7 nAChRs may also act as Gq-coupled metabotropic receptors. Additionally, whole-cell recordings from mPFC layer V pyramidal neurons in vitro revealed that varenicline significantly increased the summation of evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials, and this effect was suppressed by U-73122 or 2-APB. These findings suggest that varenicline might acutely enhance recognition memory via mPFC α7 nAChR stimulation, followed by mPFC neuronal excitation, which is mediated by the activation of PLC and IP3 receptor signaling. Our study provides evidence supporting the potential repositioning of varenicline as a treatment for cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirohito Esaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Satoshi Deyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Shoma Izumi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Ayano Katsura
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nishikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Naoya Nishitani
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Kaneda
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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19
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Salazar V, Bolaños P, del Castillo JR. Enteric Nervous System: Identification of a Novel Neuronal Sensory Network in the Duodenal Epithelium. J Histochem Cytochem 2023; 71:601-630. [PMID: 37791513 PMCID: PMC10617440 DOI: 10.1369/00221554231203038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The communication between the intestinal epithelium and the enteric nervous system has been considered indirect. Mechanical or chemical stimuli activate enteroendocrine cells inducing hormone secretion, which act on sub-epithelial nerve ends, activating the enteric nervous system. However, we identified an epithelial cell that expresses NKAIN4, a neuronal protein associated with the β-subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase. This cell overexpresses Na+/K+-ATPase and ouabain-insensitive Na+-ATPase, enzymes involved in active sodium transport. NKAIN4-positive cells also express neuronal markers as NeuN, acetylcholine-esterase, acetylcholine-transferase, α3- and α7-subunits of ACh receptors, glutamic-decarboxylase, and serotonin-receptor-7, suggesting they are neurons. NKAIN4-positive cells show a polarized shape with an oval body, an apical process finished in a knob-like terminal in contact with the lumen, a basal cilia body at the base of the apical extension, and basal axon-like soma projections connecting sub-epithelial nerve terminals, lymphoid nodules, glial cells, and enterochromaffin cells, forming a network that reaches the epithelial surface. We also showed, using retrograde labeling and immunofluorescence, that these cells receive afferent signals from the enteric nervous system. Finally, we demonstrated that acetylcholine activates NKAIN4-positive cells inducing Ca2+ mobilization and probably serotonin secretion in enterochromaffin cells. NKAIN4-positive cells are neurons that would form a part of a duodenal sensory network for physiological or noxious luminal stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Salazar
- Light Microscopy Service, Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Pura Bolaños
- Laboratory of Cell Physiology, Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - Jesús R. del Castillo
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, Biophysics and Biochemistry Center, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Caracas, Venezuela
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20
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Sinclair P, Kabbani N. Ionotropic and metabotropic responses by alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol Res 2023; 197:106975. [PMID: 38032294 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to a superfamily of cys-loop receptors characterized by the assembly of five subunits into a multi-protein channel complex. Ligand binding to nAChRs activates rapid allosteric transitions of the receptor leading to channel opening and ion flux in neuronal and non-neuronal cell. Thus, while ionotropic properties of nAChRs are well recognized, less is known about ligand-mediated intracellular metabotropic signaling responses. Studies in neural and non-neural cells confirm ionotropic and metabotropic channel responses following ligand binding. In this review we summarize evidence on the existence of ionotropic and metabotropic signaling responses by homopentameric α7 nAChRs in various cell types. We explore how coordinated calcium entry through the ion channel and calcium release from nearby stores gives rise to signaling important for the modulation of cytoskeletal motility and cell growth. Amino acid residues for intracellular protein binding within the α7 nAChR support engagement in metabotropic responses including signaling through heterotrimeric G proteins in neural and immune cells. Understanding the dual properties of ionotropic and metabotropic nAChR responses is essential in advancing drug development for the treatment of various human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadine Kabbani
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Fairfax, VA, USA; School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA.
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21
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Joda M, Waters KA, Machaalani R. Choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the human infant dorsal motor nucleus of the Vagus (DMNV), and alterations according to sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) category. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 188:106319. [PMID: 37813167 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst other molecules, the cholinergic system consists of choline-acetyltransferase (ChAT, - synthesis enzyme), acetylcholinesterase (AChE - primary hydrolysis enzyme), and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE - secondary hydrolysis enzyme). In the brainstem, the Dorsal Motor Nucleus of The Vagus (DMNV) has high cholinergic expression and is a region of interest in the neuropathology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). SIDS is the unexpected death of a seemingly healthy infant, but postmortem brainstem abnormalities suggesting altered cholinergic regulation have been found. This study aimed to determine the percentage of positive ChAT and AChE neurons within the infant DMNV through immunohistochemistry at the three levels of the brainstem medulla (caudal, intermediate, and rostral), to investigate whether the proportion of neurons positive for these enzymes differs amongst the diagnostic subgroups of SIDS compared to those with an explained cause of Sudden unexpected death in infancy (eSUDI), and whether there were any associations with SIDS risk factors (male gender, cigarette smoke exposure, co-sleeping/bed sharing, and prone sleeping). Results showed that ChAT-positive neurons were lower in the rostral DMNV in the SIDS II cohort, and within the caudal and intermediate DMNV of infants who were exposed to cigarette smoke. These findings suggest altered cholinergic regulation in the brainstem of SIDS infants, with potential contribution of cigarette smoke exposure, presumably via the nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masarra Joda
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Karen A Waters
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Rita Machaalani
- Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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22
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Papke RL. The many enigmas of nicotine. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 99:327-354. [PMID: 38467485 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This review discusses the diverse effects of nicotine on the various nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the central and peripheral nervous system and how those effects may promote the usage and addiction to tobacco products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Papke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
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23
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Lia A, Di Spiezio A, Vitalini L, Tore M, Puja G, Losi G. Ion Channels and Ionotropic Receptors in Astrocytes: Physiological Functions and Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease and Glioblastoma. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:2038. [PMID: 37895420 PMCID: PMC10608464 DOI: 10.3390/life13102038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The human brain is composed of nearly one hundred billion neurons and an equal number of glial cells, including macroglia, i.e., astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. In the last few decades, compelling evidence has revealed that glial cells are far more active and complex than previously thought. In particular, astrocytes, the most abundant glial cell population, not only take part in brain development, metabolism, and defense against pathogens and insults, but they also affect sensory, motor, and cognitive functions by constantly modulating synaptic activity. Not surprisingly, astrocytes are actively involved in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and other neurological disorders like brain tumors, in which they rapidly become reactive and mediate neuroinflammation. Reactive astrocytes acquire or lose specific functions that differently modulate disease progression and symptoms, including cognitive impairments. Astrocytes express several types of ion channels, including K+, Na+, and Ca2+ channels, transient receptor potential channels (TRP), aquaporins, mechanoreceptors, and anion channels, whose properties and functions are only partially understood, particularly in small processes that contact synapses. In addition, astrocytes express ionotropic receptors for several neurotransmitters. Here, we provide an extensive and up-to-date review of the roles of ion channels and ionotropic receptors in astrocyte physiology and pathology. As examples of two different brain pathologies, we focus on Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorders, and glioblastoma (GBM), the most common brain tumor. Understanding how ion channels and ionotropic receptors in astrocytes participate in NDs and tumors is necessary for developing new therapeutic tools for these increasingly common neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Lia
- Department Biomedical Science, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.L.); (A.D.S.)
| | - Alessandro Di Spiezio
- Department Biomedical Science, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy; (A.L.); (A.D.S.)
- Neuroscience Institute (CNR-IN), Padova Section, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Vitalini
- Department Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.V.); (G.P.)
| | - Manuela Tore
- Institute of Nanoscience (CNR-NANO), Modena Section, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Department Biomedical Science, Metabolic and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Giulia Puja
- Department Life Science, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy; (L.V.); (G.P.)
| | - Gabriele Losi
- Institute of Nanoscience (CNR-NANO), Modena Section, 41125 Modena, Italy;
- Department Biomedical Science, Metabolic and Neuroscience, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
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24
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Sun J, He P, Wang R, Zhang ZY, Dai YQ, Li XY, Duan SY, Liu CP, Hu H, Wang GJ, Zhang YP, Xu F, Zhang R, Zhao Y, Yang HF. Association between urinary neonicotinoid insecticide levels and dyslipidemia risk: A cross-sectional study in Chinese community-dwelling elderly. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132159. [PMID: 37531759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Experimental evidence has demonstrated that neonicotinoids (NEOs) exposure can cause lipid accumulation and increased leptin levels. However, the relationship between NEOs exposure and dyslipidemia in humans remains unclear, and the interactive effects of NEOs and their characteristic metabolites on dyslipidemia remain unknown. We detected 14 NEOs and their metabolites in urine samples of 500 individuals (236 and 264 with and without dyslipidemia, respectively) randomly selected from the baseline of the Yinchuan community-dwelling elderly cohort (Ningxia, China). The NEOs and their metabolites were widely detected in urine (87.2-99.6 %) samples, and the median levels ranged within 0.06-0.55 μg/g creatinine. The positive associations and dose-dependent relationships of thiacloprid, imidacloprid-olefin, and imidacloprid-equivalent total with dyslipidemia were validated using restricted cubic spline analysis. Mixture models revealed a positive association between the NEOs mixture and dyslipidemia risk, with urine desnitro-imidacloprid ranked as the top contributor. The Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression models showed that the NEOs mixtures were associated with increased dyslipidemia when the chemical mixtures were ≥ 25th percentile compared to their medians, and desnitro-imidacloprid and imidacloprid-olefin were the major contributors to the combined effect. Given the widespread use of NEOs and the dyslipidemia pandemic, further investigations are urgently needed to confirm our findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Sun
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Pei He
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Dai
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Li
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Si-Yu Duan
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Cai-Ping Liu
- Yinchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Hao Hu
- Yinchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Guang-Jun Wang
- Yinchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Yan-Ping Zhang
- Yinchuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Fei Xu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China.
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China.
| | - Hui-Fang Yang
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750004, PR China.
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25
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Huang C, Ren X, Xu B, Liu P, Li T, Zhu Q, Huang J, Chen X, Wu D, Yang X, Zhu F, Liu J. Urinary nicotine metabolites are associated with cognitive impairment among the elderly in southern China. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:123. [PMID: 37799805 PMCID: PMC10548790 DOI: 10.18332/tid/170423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study comprehensively assessed the association between eight metabolites of urinary nicotine and cognitive impairment. METHODS This cross-sectional study was based on the data of Shenzhen Aging Related Disorder Cohort (SADC), including 51 elderly community data variables such as demographic characteristics, neuropsychological assessment and environmental factors, from July 2017 to November 2018. Participant's cognitive function was assessed by Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale and urinary nicotine metabolite [including cotinine N-β-D-glucuronide (CotGluc), rac 4-hydroxy-4-(3-pyridyl) butanoic acid dicyclohexylamine salt (HyPyBut), trans-3'-hydroxy cotinine O-β-D-glucuronide (OHCotGluc), and cotinine (Cot), etc.] concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Generalized linear models and restricted cubic spline models were used to explore the relationships between the urinary levels of nicotine metabolite and cognitive function. RESULTS A total of 296 individuals aged >60 years were included. Individuals in the third quartile of CotGluc had a 0.786 point (95% CI: -1.244 - -0.329) decrease or in the highest quartile of OHCotGluc had a 0.804 point (95% CI: -1.330 - -0.278) decreased in attention and calculation compared to those in the lowest quartile (all p for trend <0.05). Compared with those in the lowest quartile, individuals in the highest quartile of CotGluc, HyPyBut, OHCotGluc and Cot, respectively, corresponded to a 1.043 point (95% CI: -2.269-0.182), 1.101 points (95% CI: -2.391-0.188), 2.318 points (95% CI: -3.615 - -1.020), and 1.460 points (95% CI: -2.726 - -0.194) decreased in MMSE total score (all p for trend <0.05). A non-linear dose-response relationship between urinary levels of CotGluc, HyPyBut, OHCotGluc or Cot and cognitive function (all overall p<0.05, non-linear p<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that urinary levels of CotGluc, OHCotGluc or Cot were significantly negatively associated with cognitive function (all p for trend <0.05) among females and non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS The findings highlight the public health implications of environmental tobacco smoke exposure, and effective interventions need to be performed for vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benhong Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiyi Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tian Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Huang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Medical College, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology, Shenzhen Medical Key Discipline of Health Toxicology (2020-2024), Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China
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26
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Shlepova OV, Shulepko MA, Shipunova VO, Bychkov ML, Kukushkin ID, Chulina IA, Azev VN, Shramova EI, Kazakov VA, Ismailova AM, Palikova YA, Palikov VA, Kalabina EA, Shaykhutdinova EA, Slashcheva GA, Tukhovskaya EA, Dyachenko IA, Murashev AN, Deyev SM, Kirpichnikov MP, Shenkarev ZO, Lyukmanova EN. Selective targeting of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by synthetic peptide mimicking loop I of human SLURP-1 provides efficient and prolonged therapy of epidermoid carcinoma in vivo. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1256716. [PMID: 37854069 PMCID: PMC10580074 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1256716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
α7-Type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) promotes the growth and metastasis of solid tumors. Secreted Ly6/uPAR-Related Protein 1 (SLURP-1) is a specific negative modulator of α7-nAChR produced by epithelial cells. Here, we investigated mechanisms of antiproliferative activity of recombinant SLURP-1 in epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells and activity of SLURP-1 and synthetic 21 a.a. peptide mimicking its loop I (Oncotag) in a xenograft mice model of epidermoid carcinoma. SLURP-1 inhibited the mitogenic pathways and transcription factors in A431 cells, and its antiproliferative activity depended on α7-nAChR. Intravenous treatment of mice with SLURP-1 or Oncotag for 10 days suppressed the tumor growth and metastasis and induced sustained changes in gene and microRNA expression in the tumors. Both SLURP-1 and Oncotag demonstrated no acute toxicity. Surprisingly, Oncotag led to a longer suppression of pro-oncogenic signaling and downregulated expression of pro-oncogenic miR-221 and upregulated expression of KLF4 protein responsible for control of cell differentiation. Affinity purification revealed SLURP-1 interactions with both α7-nAChR and EGFR and selective Oncotag interaction with α7-nAChR. Thus, the selective inhibition of α7-nAChRs by drugs based on Oncotag may be a promising strategy for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. V. Shlepova
- NTI Center, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - M. A. Shulepko
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China
| | - V. O. Shipunova
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Immunology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. L. Bychkov
- NTI Center, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. D. Kukushkin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. A. Chulina
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V. N. Azev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. I. Shramova
- Immunology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. A. Kazakov
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A. M. Ismailova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Y. A. Palikova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - V. A. Palikov
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. A. Kalabina
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. A. Shaykhutdinova
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - G. A. Slashcheva
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - E. A. Tukhovskaya
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - I. A. Dyachenko
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - A. N. Murashev
- Branch of Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Pushchino, Russia
| | - S. M. Deyev
- Immunology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Biomarker Research Laboratory, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - M. P. Kirpichnikov
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
| | - Z. O. Shenkarev
- NTI Center, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Structural Biology Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - E. N. Lyukmanova
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, China
- Bioengineering Department, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia
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Guo L, Zhang Y, Lu J, Li X, Zhang C, Song W, Dong Y, Zhou X, Li R. Nicotine promotes renal interstitial fibrosis via upregulation of XIAP in an alpha7-nAChR-dependent manner. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2023; 576:111989. [PMID: 37451424 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.111989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis, characterized by excessive accumulation of the extracellular matrix in the renal tubulointerstitium, can lead to chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting in a heavy burden on families and society. Clinical studies have shown that smoking is closely associated with CKD deterioration in patients with diabetes, hypertension, polycystic kidney disease, and kidney transplantation. However, the mechanism of action of nicotine in renal fibrosis pathogenesis remains largely unknown. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, is involved in apoptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, and immune response. Here, the upregulated expression of XIAP and α7 nicotine acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) was determined in the kidneys of the CKD smoking group in human and animal studies. A significant positive correlation between XIAP and cotinine was observed. In addition, the nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity of SP1 were promoted when nicotine bound to α7-nAChR, resulting in XIAP overexpression and renal interstitial fibrosis progression. This phenotype can be reversed by the nicotine receptor subtype α7-nAChR antagonists methyllycaconitine. Our results revealed the complex underlying mechanism of nicotine in promoting renal fibrosis by altering SP1 nucleocytoplasmic translocation and regulating XIAP expression. These results provide novel insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Guo
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China; Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian Lu
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China; Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenzhu Song
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yafang Dong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiangyang Zhou
- Preclinical-medicine of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Rongshan Li
- Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China; Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, China.
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28
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Sansone L, Milani F, Fabrizi R, Belli M, Cristina M, Zagà V, de Iure A, Cicconi L, Bonassi S, Russo P. Nicotine: From Discovery to Biological Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14570. [PMID: 37834017 PMCID: PMC10572882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine, the primary psychoactive agent in tobacco leaves, has led to the widespread use of tobacco, with over one billion smokers globally. This article provides a historical overview of tobacco and discusses tobacco dependence, as well as the biological effects induced by nicotine on mammalian cells. Nicotine induces various biological effects, such as neoangiogenesis, cell division, and proliferation, and it affects neural and non-neural cells through specific pathways downstream of nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). Specific effects mediated by α7 nAChRs are highlighted. Nicotine is highly addictive and hazardous. Public health initiatives should prioritize combating smoking and its associated risks. Understanding nicotine's complex biological effects is essential for comprehensive research and informed health policies. While potential links between nicotine and COVID-19 severity warrant further investigation, smoking remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Effective public health strategies are vital to promote healthier lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Sansone
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Milani
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Riccardo Fabrizi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Manuel Belli
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Cristina
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University La Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Zagà
- Italian Society of Tabaccology (SITAB), 00136 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Antonio de Iure
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- Experimental Neurophysiology IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Cicconi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (F.M.); (R.F.); (L.C.)
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality, Life Promotion San Raffaele University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy; (L.S.); (M.B.); (M.C.); (A.d.I.); (S.B.)
- MEBIC Consortium, San Raffaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
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29
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Zhou L, Dau V, Jensen AA. Discovery of a Novel Class of Benzimidazole-Based Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Modulators: Positive and Negative Modulation Arising from Overlapping Allosteric Sites. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12586-12601. [PMID: 37650525 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Here, we present the discovery of a novel class of benzimidazole-based allosteric modulators of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The modulators were developed based on a compound (1) exhibiting positive modulatory activity at α4β2 nAChR in a compound library screening by functional characterization of 100 analogues of 1 at nAChRs. Two distinct series of positive and negative allosteric modulators (PAMs and NAMs, respectively) comprising benzimidazole as a shared structural moiety emerged from this SAR study. The PAMs mediated weak modulation of α4β2 and α6β2β3, whereas the NAMs exhibited essentially equipotent inhibition of α4β2, α6β2β3, α6β4β3, and α3β4 nAChRs, with analogue 9j [2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-1,3-dimethyl-1-H-benzo[d]imidazole-3-ium] displaying high-nanomolar and low-micromolar IC50 values at the β2- and β4-containing receptor subtypes, respectively. We propose that the PAMs and NAMs act through overlapping sites in the nAChR, and these findings thus underline the heterogenous modes of modulation that can arise from a shared allosteric site in the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhou
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Vidan Dau
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anders A Jensen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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30
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Lin C, Lin L, Chen T, Ye Y, Chiang B. The expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits and their associations with local immune cells and prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18918-18930. [PMID: 37654227 PMCID: PMC10557882 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels that may be responsible for cancer cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and immune regulation. However, little is known about the associations of different nAChR subunits with tumor microenvironment in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed pathology samples from 75 OSCC patients by immunohistochemistry. In addition, a cohort of 307 OSCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas was analyzed. RESULTS Subunit α1 was specific to peri-OSCC skeletal muscle. Increased α1 was associated with increased CD44 (cancer stem cells), increased CD3 and 8 (T cells), increased CD56 and 16 (natural killer cells), a decreased T stage, and an increased N stage. Increased α3 was associated with increased CD56 and 16. Increased α5 was associated with decreased CD3, 8, and 56, a decreased T stage, an increased N stage, worse survival, and decreased epithelial features. Increased α7 was associated with increased CD3, 8, 56, and 16, decreased tumor/peritumor ratios of CD3, 8, and 56 immune cells, and increased epithelial features. Increased local immune cells were associated with a better prognosis. CONCLUSIONS α5 is the only subunit associated with decreased local immune cells and worse survival, while α1, α3, and α7 are associated with increased local immune cells in OSCC. α5 and α7 are correlated with different EMT states to be mesenchymal-like and epithelial-like OSCC, respectively. Protein expression data of the nAChR subunits, complementary to gene expression data, could provide meaningful information regarding the EMT status of OSCC associated with immune responses and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi‐Maw Lin
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Taiwan University Hospital, Yun‐Lin BranchTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Long‐Wei Lin
- Department of PathologyNational Taiwan University Hospital, Yun‐Lin BranchTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Tseng‐Cheng Chen
- Department of OtolaryngologyNational Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of MedicineTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yi‐Ling Ye
- Department of BiotechnologyNational Formosa UniversityHuweiTaiwan
| | - Bor‐Luen Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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31
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Sala M, Gotti C. Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS): A convenient means of smoking? Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106885. [PMID: 37634554 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), which are becoming increasingly popular in many parts of the world, have recently become more sophisticated in terms of their more active content and better controlled vaporisation. This review begins by describing how cigarette smoking led to the development of ENDS as a means of combatting nicotine addiction. ENDS are usually categorised as belonging to one of only three main generations, but a fourth has been added in order to differentiate the latest, most powerful, most advanced and innovative that have improved heating efficiency. Descriptions of the principal substances contained in ENDS are followed by considerations concerning the risk of toxicity due to the presence of albeit low concentrations of such a variety of compounds inhaled over a long time, and the increasingly widespread use of ENDS as a means of smoking illicit drugs. We also review the most widely used pharmacotherapeutic approaches to smoking cessation, and recent epidemiological data showing that ENDS can help some people to stop smoking. However, in order to ensure their appropriate regulation, there is a need for higher-quality evidence concerning the health effects and safety of ENDS, and their effectiveness in discouraging tobacco smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariaelvina Sala
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR-Milan Unit, c/o Bldg. U28, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, MB, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience University of Milano Bicocca,Italy.
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Institute of Neuroscience, CNR-Milan Unit, c/o Bldg. U28, University of Milano-Bicocca, Via Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, MB, Italy; NeuroMi Milan Center for Neuroscience University of Milano Bicocca,Italy
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32
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Ahmadi S, Benard-Valle M, Boddum K, Cardoso FC, King GF, Laustsen AH, Ljungars A. From squid giant axon to automated patch-clamp: electrophysiology in venom and antivenom research. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249336. [PMID: 37693897 PMCID: PMC10484000 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play a crucial role in diverse physiological processes, including neurotransmission and muscle contraction. Venomous creatures exploit the vital function of ion channels by producing toxins in their venoms that specifically target these ion channels to facilitate prey capture upon a bite or a sting. Envenoming can therefore lead to ion channel dysregulation, which for humans can result in severe medical complications that often necessitate interventions such as antivenom administration. Conversely, the discovery of highly potent and selective venom toxins with the capability of distinguishing between different isoforms and subtypes of ion channels has led to the development of beneficial therapeutics that are now in the clinic. This review encompasses the historical evolution of electrophysiology methodologies, highlighting their contributions to venom and antivenom research, including venom-based drug discovery and evaluation of antivenom efficacy. By discussing the applications and advancements in patch-clamp techniques, this review underscores the profound impact of electrophysiology in unravelling the intricate interplay between ion channels and venom toxins, ultimately leading to the development of drugs for envenoming and ion channel-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Ahmadi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Melisa Benard-Valle
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Fernanda C. Cardoso
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Protein and Peptide Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Glenn F. King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Protein and Peptide Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Hougaard Laustsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne Ljungars
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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33
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Vallés AS, Barrantes FJ. Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Dysfunction in Addiction and in Some Neurodegenerative and Neuropsychiatric Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2051. [PMID: 37626860 PMCID: PMC10453526 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The cholinergic system plays an essential role in brain development, physiology, and pathophysiology. Herein, we review how specific alterations in this system, through genetic mutations or abnormal receptor function, can lead to aberrant neural circuitry that triggers disease. The review focuses on the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and its role in addiction and in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases and epilepsy. Cholinergic dysfunction is associated with inflammatory processes mainly through the involvement of α7 nAChRs expressed in brain and in peripheral immune cells. Evidence suggests that these neuroinflammatory processes trigger and aggravate pathological states. We discuss the preclinical evidence demonstrating the therapeutic potential of nAChR ligands in Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and in autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy. PubMed and Google Scholar bibliographic databases were searched with the keywords indicated below.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofía Vallés
- Bahía Blanca Institute of Biochemical Research (UNS-CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina;
| | - Francisco J. Barrantes
- Biomedical Research Institute (BIOMED), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina—National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, Buenos Aires C1107AFF, Argentina
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34
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Papapostolou I, Ross-Kaschitza D, Bochen F, Peinelt C, Maldifassi MC. Contribution of the α5 nAChR Subunit and α5SNP to Nicotine-Induced Proliferation and Migration of Human Cancer Cells. Cells 2023; 12:2000. [PMID: 37566079 PMCID: PMC10417634 DOI: 10.3390/cells12152000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine in tobacco is known to induce tumor-promoting effects and cause chemotherapy resistance through the activation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Many studies have associated the α5 nicotinic receptor subunit (α5), and a specific polymorphism in this subunit, with (i) nicotine administration, (ii) nicotine dependence, and (iii) lung cancer. The α5 gene CHRNA5 mRNA is upregulated in several types of cancer, including lung, prostate, colorectal, and stomach cancer, and cancer severity is correlated with smoking. In this study, we investigate the contribution of α5 in the nicotine-induced cancer hallmark functions proliferation and migration, in breast, colon, and prostate cancer cells. Nine human cell lines from different origins were used to determine nAChR subunit expression levels. Then, selected breast (MCF7), colon (SW480), and prostate (DU145) cancer cell lines were used to investigate the nicotine-induced effects mediated by α5. Using pharmacological and siRNA-based experiments, we show that α5 is essential for nicotine-induced proliferation and migration. Additionally, upon downregulation of α5, nicotine-promoted expression of EMT markers and immune regulatory proteins was impaired. Moreover, the α5 polymorphism D398N (α5SNP) caused a basal increase in proliferation and migration in the DU145 cell line, and the effect was mediated through G-protein signaling. Taken together, our results indicate that nicotine-induced cancer cell proliferation and migration are mediated via α5, adding to the characterization of α5 as a putative therapeutical target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Maria Constanza Maldifassi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (I.P.); (D.R.-K.); (F.B.); (C.P.)
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35
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Matera C, Papotto C, Dallanoce C, De Amici M. Advances in small molecule selective ligands for heteromeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol Res 2023; 194:106813. [PMID: 37302724 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) has significantly progressed in the last decade, due to a) the improved techniques available for structural studies; b) the identification of ligands interacting at orthosteric and allosteric recognition sites on the nAChR proteins, able to tune channel conformational states; c) the better functional characterization of receptor subtypes/subunits and their therapeutic potential; d) the availability of novel pharmacological agents able to activate or block nicotinic-mediated cholinergic responses with subtype or stoichiometry selectivity. The copious literature on nAChRs is related to the pharmacological profile of new, promising subtype selective derivatives as well as the encouraging preclinical and early clinical evaluation of known ligands. However, recently approved therapeutic derivatives are still missing, and examples of ligands discontinued in advanced CNS clinical trials include drug candidates acting at both neuronal homomeric and heteromeric receptors. In this review, we have selected heteromeric nAChRs as the target and comment on literature reports of the past five years dealing with the discovery of new small molecule ligands or the advanced pharmacological/preclinical investigation of more promising compounds. The results obtained with bifunctional nicotinic ligands and a light-activated ligand as well as the applications of promising radiopharmaceuticals for heteromeric subtypes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Matera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section "Pietro Pratesi", University of Milan, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Papotto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section "Pietro Pratesi", University of Milan, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Dallanoce
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section "Pietro Pratesi", University of Milan, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco De Amici
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry Section "Pietro Pratesi", University of Milan, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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36
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Zhang T, Zeng Q, Li K, Liu X, Fu Y, Qiu T, Huang P, Luo X, Liu Z, Peng G. Distinct resting-state functional connectivity patterns of Anterior Insula affected by smoking in mild cognitive impairment. Brain Imaging Behav 2023; 17:386-394. [PMID: 37243752 PMCID: PMC10435406 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00766-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The insula plays a vital role in both smoking and cognition. However, the smoking effects on insula-related networks in cognitively normal controls (CN) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients remain unknown. We identified 129 CN (85 non-smokers and 44 smokers) and 83 MCI (54 non-smokers and 29 smokers). Each underwent neuropsychological assessment and MRI (structural and resting-state functional). Seed-based functional analyses in the anterior and posterior insula were performed to calculate the functional connectivity (FC) with voxels in the whole brain. Mixed-effect analyses were performed to explore the interactive effects on smoking and cognitive status. Associations between FC and neuropsychological scales were assessed. Mixed-effect analyses revealed the FC differences between the right anterior insula (RAI) with the left middle temporal gyrus (LMTG) and that with the right inferior parietal lobule (RIPL) (p < 0.01, cluster level < 0.05, two-tailed, gaussian random field correction). The FC of RAI in both LMTG and RIPL sees a significant decrease in MCI smokers (p < 0.01). Smoking affects insula FC differently between MCI and CN, and could decrease the insula FC in MCI patients. Our study provides evidence of neural mechanisms between smoking and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qing-Chun Road, Shang- Cheng District, Hangzhou, 310002 China
| | - Qingze Zeng
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaicheng Li
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaocao Liu
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanv Fu
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Peng
- Department of Neurology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qing-Chun Road, Shang- Cheng District, Hangzhou, 310002 China
| | - for the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
- Department of Neurology, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.79 Qing-Chun Road, Shang- Cheng District, Hangzhou, 310002 China
- Department of Radiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Radiology, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, China
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Masoumi N, Ghollasi M, Raheleh Halabian, Eftekhari E, Ghiasi M. Carbachol, along with calcium, indicates new strategy in neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Regen Ther 2023; 23:60-66. [PMID: 37122359 PMCID: PMC10130343 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, stem cells have represented a promising treatment in neurological disorders due to the well-defined characteristics of their capability to proliferate and differentiate into any cell type, both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, previous studies have shown that calcium signaling modulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. The present study investigated the effect of carbachol (CCh), a cholinergic agonist activating acetylcholine receptors, with and without calcium, on the neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) in neural media, including forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine and retinoic acid. METHODS For this purpose, first, the MTT assay and acridine orange staining were studied to obtain the optimal concentration of CCh. Next, the differentiation tests, such as cellular calcium assay as well as evaluation of qualitative and quantitative expression of neuronal index markers through immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analysis, respectively, were performed on days 7 and 14 of the differentiation period. RESULTS According to the results, CCh at 1 μM concentration had no cytotoxicity on hADSCs and also induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, CCh with and without calcium increased the expression of neural-specific genes (NSE, MAP2, β-III-tubulin, and MAPK3) and proteins (γ-enolase, MAP2, and β-III-tubulin) as well as the amount of calcium in differentiated hADSCs at 7 and 14 days after induction. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the findings suggest that CCh acts as an influential therapeutic factor in the field of neural regenerative medicine and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Masoumi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Eftekhari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Pechlivanidou M, Ninou E, Karagiorgou K, Tsantila A, Mantegazza R, Francesca A, Furlan R, Dudeck L, Steiner J, Tzartos J, Tzartos S. Autoimmunity to Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Pharmacol Res 2023; 192:106790. [PMID: 37164280 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are widely expressed in many and diverse cell types, participating in various functions of cells, tissues and systems. In this review, we focus on the autoimmunity against neuronal nAChRs, the specific autoantibodies and their mechanisms of pathological action in selected autoimmune diseases. We summarize the current relevant knowledge from human diseases as well as from experimental models of autoimmune neurological disorders related to antibodies against neuronal nAChR subunits. Despite the well-studied high immunogenicity of the muscle nAChRs where autoantibodies are the main pathogen of myasthenia gravis, autoimmunity to neuronal nAChRs seems infrequent, except for the autoantibodies to the ganglionic receptor, the α3 subunit containing nAChR (α3-nAChR), which are detected and are likely pathogenic in Autoimmune Autonomic Ganglionopathy (AAG). We describe the detection, presence and function of these antibodies and especially the recent development of a cell-based assay (CBA) which, contrary to until recently available assays, is highly specific for AAG. Rare reports of autoantibodies to the other neuronal nAChR subtypes include a few cases of antibodies to α7 and/or α4β2 nAChRs in Rasmussen encephalitis, schizophrenia, autoimmune meningoencephalomyelitis, and in some myasthenia gravis patients with concurrent CNS symptoms. Neuronal-type nAChRs are also present in several non-excitable tissues, however the presence and possible role of antibodies against them needs further verification. It is likely that the future development of more sensitive and disease-specific assays would reveal that neuronal nAChR autoantibodies are much more frequent and may explain the mechanisms of some seronegative autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katerina Karagiorgou
- Tzartos NeuroDiagnostics, Athens, Greece; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Andreetta Francesca
- Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaello Furlan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Humanitas University, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Leon Dudeck
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Laboratory of Translational Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Health and Medical Prevention (CHaMP), Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Mental Health DZPG, Center for Intervention and Research on Adaptive and Maladaptive Brain Circuits Underlying Mental Health C-I-R-C, Halle-Jena-Magdeburg, Germany
| | - John Tzartos
- 2(nd) Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece.
| | - Socrates Tzartos
- Tzartos NeuroDiagnostics, Athens, Greece; Department of Neurobiology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece; Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
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Wagner S, Whiteley SL, Castelli M, Patel HR, Deveson IW, Blackburn J, Holleley CE, Marshall Graves JA, Georges A. Gene expression of male pathway genes sox9 and amh during early sex differentiation in a reptile departs from the classical amniote model. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:243. [PMID: 37147622 PMCID: PMC10163765 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09334-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex determination is the process whereby the bipotential embryonic gonads become committed to differentiate into testes or ovaries. In genetic sex determination (GSD), the sex determining trigger is encoded by a gene on the sex chromosomes, which activates a network of downstream genes; in mammals these include SOX9, AMH and DMRT1 in the male pathway, and FOXL2 in the female pathway. Although mammalian and avian GSD systems have been well studied, few data are available for reptilian GSD systems. RESULTS We conducted an unbiased transcriptome-wide analysis of gonad development throughout differentiation in central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) embryos with GSD. We found that sex differentiation of transcriptomic profiles occurs at a very early stage, before the gonad consolidates as a body distinct from the gonad-kidney complex. The male pathway genes dmrt1 and amh and the female pathway gene foxl2 play a key role in early sex differentiation in P. vitticeps, but the central player of the mammalian male trajectory, sox9, is not differentially expressed in P. vitticeps at the bipotential stage. The most striking difference from GSD systems of other amniotes is the high expression of the male pathway genes amh and sox9 in female gonads during development. We propose that a default male trajectory progresses if not repressed by a W-linked dominant gene that tips the balance of gene expression towards the female trajectory. Further, weighted gene expression correlation network analysis revealed novel candidates for male and female sex differentiation. CONCLUSION Our data reveal that interpretation of putative mechanisms of GSD in reptiles cannot solely depend on lessons drawn from mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Wagner
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Sarah L Whiteley
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
- Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO, National Research Collections Australia, Crace, ACT, Australia
| | - Meghan Castelli
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
- Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO, National Research Collections Australia, Crace, ACT, Australia
| | - Hardip R Patel
- Genome Sciences Department. John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ira W Deveson
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - James Blackburn
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Clare E Holleley
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
- Australian National Wildlife Collection CSIRO, National Research Collections Australia, Crace, ACT, Australia
| | - Jennifer A Marshall Graves
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Arthur Georges
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.
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40
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Sun H, Lin X, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Liu Z. A consensus phosphoserine within the large cytoplasmic loop of insect nAChR α8 subunits modulated interaction between 14-3-3ε and nAChRs to regulate neonicotinoid efficacy. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:105384. [PMID: 37105614 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are insect-selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) agonists that are used extensively for plant protection and animal health care. Some chaperone proteins, such as 14-3-3 proteins, importantly modulate nAChRs to display the physiological and pharmacological properties. Here we found that there is a 14-3-3 binding motif RSPSTH within the cytoplasmic loop of most insect α8 subunits. In the motif, a potential phosphorylated serine residue, serine 337, was a putative protein kinase A (PKA) substrate. Using Locusta migratoria α8 subunit as a representative, here we demonstrated that Loc14-3-3ε interacted with the unique phosphoserine (α8S337) of Locα8 subunit to regulate agonist efficacy on hybrid Locα8/β2 nAChRs in Xenopus oocytes. Co-expression of Loc14-3-3ε caused a dramatic rise of maximal inward currents (Imax) of Locα8/β2 for acetylcholine and imidacloprid to 2.9-fold and 3.1-fold of that of Locα8/β2 alone. The S337A substitution of Locα8 reduced the Imax rise when Locα8S337A/β2 and Loc14-3-3ε were co-expressed. The increased agonist currents by exogenous Loc14-3-3ε on Locα8/β2 could be almost abolished by either PKA inhibitor KT5720 or 14-3-3 inhibitor difopein. The findings revealed that serine 337 within motif RSPSTH was important for the interaction between insect nAChRs and 14-3-3ε, and inhibiting the interaction would change the pharmacological property of insect nAChRs to agonist such as neonicotinoids which may provide insights to develop new targets for insecticide design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China; State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 30071, China
| | - Xumin Lin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zewen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Ministry of Education), College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang 1, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhan Q, Zhao J, Liu L, Wang B, Hui J, Lin Q, Qin Y, Xue B, Xu F. Integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses of the mechanisms underlying the antihypertensive effects of lotusine. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 945:175622. [PMID: 36863553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor and cause of death worldwide. Lotusine, an alkaloid extracted from a plant used in traditional Chinese Medicine, has shown anti-hypertensive effects. However, its therapeutic efficacy requires further investigation. We adopted integrated network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches with the aim of investigating lotusine's antihypertensive effects and mechanisms of action in rat models. After identifying the optimal intravenous dosage, we observed the effects of lotusine administration on two-kidney, one-clip (2K1C) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses, we measured renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) to evaluate lotusine's effect. Finally, an abdominal aortic coarctation (AAC) model was established to evaluate lotusine's long-term effects. The network pharmacology analysis identified 21 intersection targets; of these, 17 were also implicated by the neuroactive live receiver interaction. Further integrated analysis showed high lotusine affinity for the cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 2 subunit, adrenoceptor beta 2, and adrenoceptor alpha 1B. Blood pressure of the 2K1C rats and SHRs decreased after treatment with 2.0 and 4.0 mg/kg of lotusine (P < 0.001 versus saline control). We also observed RSNA decreases consistent with the network pharmacology and molecular docking analysis results. Results from the AAC rat model indicated that myocardial hypertrophy was decreased with lotusine administration, demonstrated by echocardiography and hematoxylin and eosin and Masson staining. This study provides insights into the antihypertensive effects and underlying mechanisms of lotusine; lotusine may exert long-term protective effects against myocardial hypertrophy caused by elevated blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiao Zhan
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Junnan Zhao
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Lu Liu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Biqing Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Jiaqi Hui
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Quan Lin
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Yuxuan Qin
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Bing Xue
- Core Facility Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Fengqin Xu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100091, China.
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42
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Wang M, Liu W, Ge J, Liu S. The immunomodulatory mechanisms for acupuncture practice. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147718. [PMID: 37090714 PMCID: PMC10117649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The system physiology approaches that emerge in western countries in recent years echo the holistic view of ancient Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) practices that deal with the root, rather than only the symptoms of diseases. Particularly, TCM practices, including acupuncture, emphasize the mobilization of self-healing mechanisms to bring back body homeostasis. Acupuncture has been practiced for over two thousand years to modulate body physiology via stimulation at specific body regions (acupoints). With the development of various research on acupuncture therapy, its regulatory effect on the immune system has been gradually recognized, especially on immunological diseases, including infectious and allergic diseases. In this study, we reviewed the immunomodulatory mechanism of acupuncture and systematically integrates existing research to respectively elucidate the modulatory mechanisms of acupuncture on the innate immune system, adaptive immune system, and well-known neuroanatomical mechanisms, including intact somatosensory-autonomic reflex pathway. With the advances made in recent systems physiology studies, we now have a great opportunity to gain insight into how acupuncture modulates immunity, and subsequently improves its efficacy.
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43
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Ananth MR, Rajebhosale P, Kim R, Talmage DA, Role LW. Basal forebrain cholinergic signalling: development, connectivity and roles in cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:233-251. [PMID: 36823458 PMCID: PMC10439770 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine plays an essential role in fundamental aspects of cognition. Studies that have mapped the activity and functional connectivity of cholinergic neurons have shown that the axons of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons innervate the pallium with far more topographical and functional organization than was historically appreciated. Together with the results of studies using new probes that allow release of acetylcholine to be detected with high spatial and temporal resolution, these findings have implicated cholinergic networks in 'binding' diverse behaviours that contribute to cognition. Here, we review recent findings on the developmental origins, connectivity and function of cholinergic neurons, and explore the participation of cholinergic signalling in the encoding of cognition-related behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mala R Ananth
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Prithviraj Rajebhosale
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ronald Kim
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David A Talmage
- Section on Genetics of Neuronal Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lorna W Role
- Section on Circuits, Synapses, and Molecular Signalling, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Papke RL, Quadri M, Gulsevin A. Silent agonists for α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106736. [PMID: 36940890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
We discuss models for the activation and desensitization of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and the effects of efficacious type II positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) that destabilize α7 desensitized states. Type II PAMs such as PNU-120596 can be used to distinguish inactive compounds from silent agonists, compounds that produce little or no channel activation but stabilize the non-conducting conformations associated with desensitization. We discuss the effects of α7 nAChRs in cells of the immune system and their roles in modulating inflammation and pain through what has come to be known as the cholinergic anti-inflammatory system (CAS). Cells controlling CAS do not generate ion channel currents but rather respond to α7 drugs by modulating intracellular signaling pathways analogous to the effects of metabotropic receptors. Metabotropic signaling by α7 receptors appears to be mediated by receptors in nonconducting conformations and can be accomplished by silent agonists. We discuss electrophysiological structure-activity relationships for α7 silent agonists and their use in cell-based and in vivo assays for CAS regulation. We discuss the strongly desensitizing partial agonist GTS-21 and its effectiveness in modulation of CAS. We also review the properties of the silent agonist NS6740, which is remarkably effective at maintaining α7 receptors in PAM-sensitive desensitized states. Most silent agonists bind to sites overlapping those for orthosteric agonists, but some appear to bind to allosteric sites. Finally, we discuss α9⁎ nAChRs and their potential role in CAS, and ligands that will be useful in defining and distinguishing the specific roles of α7 and α9 in CAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger L Papke
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, PO Box 100267 Gainesville, FL 32610 USA (RLP); Olon S.p.A., Strada Rivoltana, Km 6/7 - 20053 Rodano (MI) - ITALY (MQ); Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 37212 (AG).
| | - Marta Quadri
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, PO Box 100267 Gainesville, FL 32610 USA (RLP); Olon S.p.A., Strada Rivoltana, Km 6/7 - 20053 Rodano (MI) - ITALY (MQ); Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 37212 (AG)
| | - Alican Gulsevin
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, PO Box 100267 Gainesville, FL 32610 USA (RLP); Olon S.p.A., Strada Rivoltana, Km 6/7 - 20053 Rodano (MI) - ITALY (MQ); Department of Chemistry, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA, 37212 (AG)
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45
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Barrantes FJ. Structure and function meet at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-lipid interface. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106729. [PMID: 36931540 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is a transmembrane protein that mediates fast intercellular communication in response to the endogenous neurotransmitter acetylcholine. It is the best characterized and archetypal molecule in the superfamily of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels (pLGICs). As a typical transmembrane macromolecule, it interacts extensively with its vicinal lipid microenvironment. Experimental evidence provides a wealth of information on receptor-lipid crosstalk: the nAChR exerts influence on its immediate membrane environment and conversely, the lipid moiety modulates ligand binding, affinity state transitions and gating of ion translocation functions of the receptor protein. Recent cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies have unveiled the occurrence of sites for phospholipids and cholesterol on the lipid-exposed regions of neuronal and electroplax nAChRs, confirming early spectroscopic and affinity labeling studies demonstrating the close contact of lipid molecules with the receptor transmembrane segments. This new data provides structural support to the postulated "lipid sensor" ability displayed by the outer ring of M4 transmembrane domains and their modulatory role on nAChR function, as we postulated a decade ago. Borrowing from the best characterized nAChR, the electroplax (muscle-type) receptor, and exploiting new structural information on the neuronal nAChR, it is now possible to achieve an improved depiction of these sites. In combination with site-directed mutagenesis, single-channel electrophysiology, and molecular dynamics studies, the new structural information delivers a more comprehensive portrayal of these lipid-sensitive loci, providing mechanistic explanations for their ability to modulate nAChR properties and raising the possibility of targetting them in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Barrantes
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina (UCA) - Argentine Scientific & Technol. Research Council (CONICET), Av. Alicia Moreau de Justo 1600, C1107AAZ Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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46
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Richter K, Grau V. Signaling of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mononuclear phagocytes. Pharmacol Res 2023; 191:106727. [PMID: 36966897 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors are not only expressed by the nervous system and at the neuro-muscular junction but also by mononuclear phagocytes, which belong to the innate immune system. Mononuclear phagocyte is an umbrella term for monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. These cells play pivotal roles in host defense against infection but also in numerous often debilitating diseases that are characterized by exuberant inflammation. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of the neuronal type dominate in these cells, and their stimulation is mainly associated with anti-inflammatory effects. Although the cholinergic modulation of mononuclear phagocytes is of eminent clinical relevance for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases and neuropathic pain, we are only beginning to understand the underlying mechanisms on the molecular level. The purpose of this review is to report and critically discuss the current knowledge on signal transduction mechanisms elicited by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in mononuclear phagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Richter
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany
| | - Veronika Grau
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany; Cardiopulmonary Institute (CPI), Giessen, Germany.
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47
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Chrestia JF, Turani O, Araujo NR, Hernando G, Esandi MDC, Bouzat C. Regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by post-translational modifications. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106712. [PMID: 36863428 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) comprise a family of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels widely distributed in the central and peripheric nervous system and in non-neuronal cells. nAChRs are involved in chemical synapses and are key actors in vital physiological processes throughout the animal kingdom. They mediate skeletal muscle contraction, autonomic responses, contribute to cognitive processes, and regulate behaviors. Dysregulation of nAChRs is associated with neurological, neurodegenerative, inflammatory and motor disorders. In spite of the great advances in the elucidation of nAChR structure and function, our knowledge about the impact of post-translational modifications (PTMs) on nAChR functional activity and cholinergic signaling has lagged behind. PTMs occur at different steps of protein life cycle, modulating in time and space protein folding, localization, function, and protein-protein interactions, and allow fine-tuned responses to changes in the environment. A large body of evidence demonstrates that PTMs regulate all levels of nAChR life cycle, with key roles in receptor expression, membrane stability and function. However, our knowledge is still limited, restricted to a few PTMs, and many important aspects remain largely unknown. There is thus a long way to go to decipher the association of aberrant PTMs with disorders of cholinergic signaling and to target PTM regulation for novel therapeutic interventions. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of what is known about how different PTMs regulate nAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Facundo Chrestia
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Ornella Turani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Noelia Rodriguez Araujo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Guillermina Hernando
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Esandi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Bouzat
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina.
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Randall CA, Sun D, Randall PA. Differential Effects of Nicotine, Alcohol, and Coexposure on Neuroimmune-Related Protein and Gene Expression in Corticolimbic Brain Regions of Rats. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:628-644. [PMID: 36705334 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nicotine and alcohol co-use is extremely common and their use constitutes two of the most common causes of preventable death, yet the underlying biological mechanisms are largely understudied. Activation of neuroimmune toll-like receptors (TLRs) promotes the induction of proinflammatory cascades and increases alcohol intake in rodents, which further promotes TLRs in the brain; nicotine may decrease central proinflammatory signaling. The current studies sought to determine the effects of nicotine ± alcohol (alone or in combination) on circulating blood plasma and TLR protein/gene expression in addiction-associated corticolimbic brain regions, including the prefrontal cortex-prelimbic (mPFC-PL) and nucleus accumbens core (AcbC). Adult rats were treated with alcohol (0 or 2 g/kg, IG) and exposed to nicotine vapor (0 or 30 mg/mL solution) daily for 2, 14, or 28 days. Plasma studies indicated no effects of independent exposure or coexposure in males. Coexposure decreased plasma nicotine levels versus nicotine-only treated females, yet alcohol and cotinine concentrations were unchanged. By 28 days, the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13 was decreased in alcohol-only females. Divergent changes in TLR3 (but not TLR4) protein occurred for independent-drug exposed males (but not coexposure), with reductions in the mPFC-PL after 14 days and increases in the AcbC by 28 days. Gene expression following chronic coexposure suggests nicotine may regionally counteract alcohol-induced inflammation, including increased AcbC-TLR3/4/7 and several downstream markers in females and increased mPFC-PL-TLR3 and -STAT3 (but not IRF3) evident in males with exposure to either drug alone. These findings give further insight into the role of sex and the neuroimmune system in independent exposure and coexposure to nicotine ± alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christie A Randall
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States
| | - Dongxiao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 United States
| | - Patrick A Randall
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, 500 University Drive, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033 United States
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Giordani G, Cattabriga G, Becchimanzi A, Di Lelio I, De Leva G, Gigliotti S, Pennacchio F, Gargiulo G, Cavaliere V. Role of neuronal and non-neuronal acetylcholine signaling in Drosophila humoral immunity. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 153:103899. [PMID: 36596348 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2022.103899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) is one the major neurotransmitters in insects, whose role in mediating synaptic interactions between neurons in the central nervous system is well characterized. It also plays largely unexplored regulatory functions in non-neuronal tissues. Here we demonstrate that ACh signaling is involved in the modulation of the innate immune response of Drosophila melanogaster. Knockdown of ACh synthesis or ACh vesicular transport in neurons reduced the activation of drosomycin (drs), a gene encoding an antimicrobial peptide, in adult flies infected with a Gram-positive bacterium. drs transcription was similarly affected in Drosophila α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, nAChRalpha7 (Dα7) mutants, as well as in flies expressing in the nervous system a dominant negative form (Dα7DN) of this specific receptor subunit. Interestingly, Dα7DN elicited a comparable response when it was expressed in non-neuronal tissues and even when it was specifically produced in the hemocytes. Consistently, full activation of the drs gene required Dα7 expression in these cells. Moreover, knockdown of ACh synthesis in non-neuronal cells affected drs expression. Overall, these findings uncover neural and non-neural cholinergic signals that modulate insect immune defenses and shed light on the role of hemocytes in the regulation of the humoral immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Giordani
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Cattabriga
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Becchimanzi
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Laboratorio di Entomologia "E. Tremblay", Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Portici, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Lelio
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Laboratorio di Entomologia "E. Tremblay", Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Portici, Napoli, Italy
| | - Giovanna De Leva
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Laboratorio di Entomologia "E. Tremblay", Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Portici, Napoli, Italy
| | - Silvia Gigliotti
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco Pennacchio
- Dipartimento di Agraria, Laboratorio di Entomologia "E. Tremblay", Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Portici, Napoli, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BATCenter), University of Napoli "Federico II", Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Gargiulo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BATCenter), University of Napoli "Federico II", Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Valeria Cavaliere
- Dipartimento di Farmacia e Biotecnologie, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BATCenter), University of Napoli "Federico II", Portici, NA, Italy.
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Expression of Chrna9 is regulated by Tbx3 in undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1611. [PMID: 36709241 PMCID: PMC9884305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28814-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
It was reported that nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated signaling pathways affect the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells. However, detail expression profiles of nAChR genes were unrevealed in these cells. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the gene expression of α subunit of nAChRs (Chrna) during differentiation and induction of pluripotent stem cells. Mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells expressed multiple Chrna genes (Chrna3-5, 7 and 9) in undifferentiated status. Among them, Chrna9 was markedly down-regulated upon the differentiation into mesenchymal cell lineage. In mouse tissues and cells, Chrna9 was mainly expressed in testes, ES cells and embryonal F9 teratocarcinoma stem cells. Expression of Chrna9 gene was acutely reduced during differentiation of ES and F9 cells within 24 h. In contrast, Chrna9 expression was increased in induced pluripotent stem cells established from mouse embryonic fibroblast. It was shown by the reporter assays that T element-like sequence in the promoter region of Chrna9 gene is important for its activities in ES cells. Chrna9 was markedly reduced by siRNA-mediated knockdown of Tbx3, a pluripotency-related transcription factor of the T-box gene family. These results indicate that Chrna9 is a nAChR gene that are transcriptionally regulated by Tbx3 in undifferentiated pluripotent cells.
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